Islamic terrorism - Knowledge

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more widespread than ever among Kurds there". The influence of these groups confirms "the continuing Kurdish domination of Turkish islamism". Notable Kurdish Islamists include also(an Iraqi Kurd born in Sudan) co-founder of the Islamist terrorist network al-Qaeda. There is a strong Kurdish element in Turkish radical Islamism. Kurdish and Turkish Islamists have also co-operated together, one example being the 2003 Istanbul bombings, and this co-operation has also been observed in Germany, as in the case of the Sauerland terror cell. Political scientist Guido Steinberg stated that many top leaders of Islamist organizations in Turkey fled to Germany in the 2000s, and that the Turkish Hizbullah has also "left an imprint on Turkish Kurds in Germany". Also many Kurds from Iraq (there are about 50,000 to 80,000 Iraqi Kurds in Germany) financially supported Kurdish-Islamist groups like Ansar al Islam. Many Islamists in Germany are ethnic Kurds (Iraqi and Turkish Kurds) or Turks. Before 2006, the German Islamist scene was dominated by Iraqi Kurds and Palestinians, but since 2006 Kurds and Turks from Turkey are dominant.

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eventually jailed in 2016. Zafirr Golamaully's sister Lubnaa also left Mauritius to join him in Syria. Hospital director Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully had also encouraged Lubnaa to become familiar with the new gun that Zafirr had purchased for her. Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully also instructed Lubnaa to "revolutionise the Islamic Concept amongst our close relatives". Using a pseudonym "Abu Hud" Zafirr Golamaully posted hate messages on Twitter following the terrorist attack against magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris in January 2015. On other social media sites Zafirr Golamaully used pseudonym "Paladin of Jihad" to provide advice to would-be jihadists on how to avoid deportation by Turkish immigration officials.

4203:"coming to avenge what is going on in their country"; there was a lack of religiosity before radicalization through being "born again" in a foreign country; a high percentage of subjects had converted to Islam; their backgrounds were "de-territorialized "—meaning, for example, they were "born in a country, then educated in another country, then go to fight in a third country and take refuge in a fourth country"; and their beliefs about jihad differed from traditional ones—i.e. they believed jihad to be permanent, global, and "not linked with a specific territory." Roy believes terrorism/radicalism is "expressed in religious terms" among the terrorists studied because 3483:

imaginable situation." Among these justifications are that America is leading the countries of the West in waging war on Islam, which (al-Qaeda alleges) targets "Muslim women, children and elderly". This means any attacks on America are a defense of Islam, and any treaties and agreements between Muslim majority states and Western countries that would be violated by attacks are null and void. Other justifications for killing and situations where killings is allowed based on precedents in early Islamic history include: killing non-combatants when it is too difficult to distinguish between them and combatants when attacking an enemy "stronghold" (

3487:), and/or non-combatants remain in enemy territory; killing those who assist the enemy "in deed, word, mind", this includes civilians since they can vote in elections that bring enemies of Islam to power; necessity of killing in the war to protect Islam and Muslims; when the prophet was asked whether Muslim fighters could use the catapult against the village of Taif, even though the enemy fighters were mixed with a civilian population, he indicated in the affirmative; killing women, children and other protected groups is allowed when they serve as human shields for the enemy; killing of civilians is permitted if the enemy has broken a treaty. 11066:

organizations and individuals likely to receive Saudi subsidies. On a doctrinal level, the differences are certainly significant between the MBs and the Wahhabis, but their common references to Hanbalism ... their rejection of the division into juridical schools, and their virulent opposition to Shiism and popular religious practices (the cult of 'saints') furnished them with the common themes of a reformist and puritanical preaching. This alliance carried in its wake older fundamentalist movements, non-Wahhabi but with strong local roots, such as the Pakistani Ahl-i Hadith or the Ikhwan of continental China.

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categorically preclude wanton and indiscriminate slaughter. The warriors in the holy war are urged not to harm non-combatants, women and children, "unless they attack you first". ... A point on which they insist is the need for a clear declaration of war before beginning hostilities, and for proper warning before resuming hostilities after a truce. What the classical jurists of Islam never remotely considered is the kind of unprovoked, unannounced mass slaughter of uninvolved civil populations that we saw in New York two weeks ago. For this there is no precedent and no authority in Islam.

3766: 6757: 3538: 3287:), calling the killings an "offering to God" and declaring impious the victims and all Algerians who had not joined its ranks. He declared that "except for those who are with us, all others are apostates and deserving of death," (Tens, and sometimes hundreds, of civilians were killed in each of a series of massacres that started in April 1998. However, how many murders were the doing of GIA and how many of the security forces—who had infiltrated the insurgents and were not known for their probity—is not known.) 5265:

especially nurses and doctors, to travel to the lands of Islamic State. In 2014, Yogen Sundrun had released an earlier video, intended for South Africans at the time of Eid, and encouraging them to join the "Caliphate of Daesh". In that video he held his daughter in his arms and stated "This is my fifth daughter in the Khilafah, praise be God. Brothers and sisters, I don't have the words to express myself about the happiness to be here...". Around him children held fire-arms.

2681:. He had ruled that fighting and killing of the Mongol invaders who were invading Syria was not only permitted but obligatory according to Sharia. This was because the Mongols did not follow sharia law, and so even though they had converted to Islam (Ibn Taymiyyah argued) they were not really Muslims. Faraj preached that rulers such as Anwar Sadat were "rebels against the Laws of God ", and "apostates from Islam" who have preserved nothing of Islam except its name. 25255: 23210: 7563:. It is also accused of being the recipient of massive aid from Iran, and of serving "Iranian foreign policy calculations and interests", or serving as a "subcontractor of Iranian initiatives" Hezbollah denies any involvement or dependence on Iran. In 2006, in most of the Arab and Muslim worlds, Hezbollah was regarded as a legitimate resistance movement. In 2005, the Lebanese Prime Minister said of Hezbollah, it "is not a militia. It's a resistance." 6117: 3995:"Foreclosed and authoritarian" — Principally conservative Muslims who are often taught by their family and communities from early childhood to not deviate from a strict path and to either consider inferior or hate outside groups. When exposed to (alien) western culture, they are likely to judge it relative to their perception of the correct order of society, as well as perceive their own identities and mental health to be at risk. 3298:, Afghanistan. Comments by Mullah Niazi, the Taliban commander of the attack and newly installed governor, declared in a number of post-slaughter speeches from Mosques in Mazar-i-Sharif: "Hazaras are not Muslim, they are Shi'a. They are kofr . The Hazaras killed our force here, and now we have to kill Hazaras. ... You either accept to be Muslims or leave Afghanistan. ...", indicated that along with revenge, and/or ethnic hatred, 5012: 10973:

an inclusive definition of the community of believers. ... he would urge his followers, 'Let us cooperate in those things on which we can agree and be lenient in those on which we cannot.' ... A salient element in Banna's notion of Islam as a total way of life came from the idea that the Muslim world was backward and the corollary that the state is responsible for guaranteeing decent living conditions for its citizens.

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who wish to trivialise the phenomenon. The great difference in the number of attacks versus the number of killed is that separatist attacks in Spain, typically involve vandalism and not killing. So in statistics, the global terrorist plot leading to the 9/11 attack and a party headquarters being vandalised and painted with slogans by domestic terrorists each count as one terrorist attack. According to a report by

1166: 12094:(literally, the doctrine of loyalty and disassociation), Abd al-Wahhab argued that it was imperative for Muslims not to befriend, ally themselves with, or imitate non-Muslims or heretical Muslims. Furthermore, this enmity and hostility of Muslims toward non-Muslims and heretical had to be visible and unequivocal. For example, by not being the first to greet a non-Muslim, orby ever wishing a non-Muslim peace. 4577:, criticized the 9/11 attacks but previously justified suicide bombings in Israel on the grounds of necessity and justified such attacks in 2004 against American military and civilian personnel in Iraq. According to Stuart, 61 contemporary Islamic leaders have issued fatawa permitting suicide attacks, 32 with respect to Israel. Stuart points out that all of these contemporary rulings are contrary to classical 25265: 4518:(GIA) during the Algerian civil war—had even broader definitions of apostasy and less religious knowledge. Al-Zarqawi was a petty criminal who had no religious training until he was 22 and limited training thereafter. Famous for bombing targets other jihadis thought off limits, his definition of apostates included all Shia Muslims and "anyone violating his organization's interpretation of Shari'a". 4043:—one common type of terror tactic used by Islamic terrorists—turns out to be not religion but group dynamics. While personal humiliation does not turn out to be a motivation for those attempting to kill civilians, the perception that others with whom one feels a common bond are being humiliated can be a powerful driver for action. "Small-group dynamics involving friends and family that form the 7381: 6579:. The Islamic terrorists entered Germany either without identity documents or with falsified documents. The number of discovered plots began to decline in 2017. In 2020 German authorities noted that the majority of the asylum seekers entered Germany without identification papers during the crisis and security agencies considered unregulated immigration as problematic from a security aspect. 27: 16290: 2926:. Overall, the trend is definitively in the direction of Muslim-on-Muslim violence. By a conservative accounting, more than three times as many Iraqis have been killed by suicide bombings in just three year (2003–6) as have Israelis in ten (from 1996–2006). Suicide bombing has become the archetype of Muslim violence – not just to Westerners but also to Muslims themselves. 6615:. As elsewhere in Europe, prison inmates show signs of radicalization while incarcerated. In 2018, 41 individuals were deported upon release. Of the 147 people deported from 2015 to 2017, all were related to Islamist radicalization and 12 were imams. From January 2015 to April 2018, 300 individuals were expelled from Italian soil. The vast majority of the deportees come from 13339:... 'unless the Muslim community is subjected to a sudden attack and therefore all believers, including women and children are under the obligation to fight— is regarded by all jurists, with almost no exception, as a collective obligation of the whole Muslim community,' meaning that 'if the duty is fulfilled by a part of the community it ceases to be obligatory on others'. 3124:

all the religions (...) You are a nation that permits the production, trading and usage of intoxicants (...) You are a nation that permits acts of immorality (...) You are a nation that permits gambling in its all forms. (...) You use women to serve passengers, visitors, and strangers to increase your profit margins. You then rant that you support the liberation of women.

3102:, instead considering them infidels subject to violent jihad. Kuhdi supported his stance by citing Quranic verses such as 'Those who say that God is Jesus, son of Mary, are infidels' and 'combat those of the people of the book who are infidels', explaining the Islamists view that the infidels are "the People of the Book, since they have not believed in this book". 4446:, and in fact is happening when the religion of Islam is as "old" as Christianity was at the time of its reformation. Aslan argues that "the notion that historical context should play no role in the interpretation of the Koran—that what applied to Muhammad's community applies to all Muslim communities for all time—is simply an untenable position in every sense." 3868:(Lawrence shares Payne's belief in US imperialism and aggression as the cause of Islamic terrorism), James L. Payne found that 72% of the content was on the theme of "criticism of U.S./Western/Jewish aggression, oppression, and exploitation of Muslim lands and peoples" while only 1% of bin Laden's statements focused on criticizing "American society and culture". 2658:, he did not specifically takfir or call for the execution of any apostates, even those governing non-sharia governments Qutb did however emphasize that "the organizations and authorities" of the putatively Muslim countries were irredeemably corrupt and evil and would have to be abolished by "physical power and Jihad", by a "vanguard" movement of true Muslims. 3998:"Diffuse and aimless" — Principally converts whose lives are characterized by "aimlessness, uncertainty and indecisiveness" and who have neither explored different identities nor committed to a personal identity. Such people are "willing to go to their deaths for ideas that they have appropriated from others" and that give their lives purpose and certainty. 2324:, argue that Islamic terrorist attacks are motivated by religious fervor. They are seen as "a sacrament ... intended to restore to the universe a moral order that had been corrupted by the enemies of Islam." Their attacks are neither political nor strategic but an "act of redemption" meant to "humiliate and slaughter those who defied the hegemony of God". 5257:

disintegrated and he made his way to Syria. He returned to Mauritius in 2012 and befriended members of a new Islamic group called Hizb ul Tahrir. He died in 2013 in Syria soon after returning there to participate in Islamic State's activities. Four other Mauritians had attempted to join Reaz Lauthan in Syria but were refused entry at the Turkish border.

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textbooks) and were used in classrooms across the country in 2005. I read these texts very closely: entire pages were devoted to explaining to undergraduates that all forms of Islam except Wahhabism were deviation. There were prolonged denunciations of nationalism, communism, the West, free mixing of the sexes, observing birthdays, even Mother's Day

4405:, most Muslims do not interpret Qur'anic verses as promoting warfare today but rather as reflecting historical contexts. According to Sells, most Muslims "no more expect to apply" the verses at issue "to their contemporary non-Muslim friends and neighbors than most Christians and Jews consider themselves commanded by God, like the Biblical 4503:, was early and much more informal—he was not a trained scholar—and al-Zawahiri expanded the definition of kafir to include many self-proclaimed Muslims. He has maintained that civilian government employees of Muslim states, security forces and any persons collaborating or engaging with these groups are apostates, for example. 7295:. Hamas has been accused of sabotaging the Israeli-Palestine peace process by launching attacks on civilians during Israeli elections to anger Israeli voters and facilitate the election of harder-line Israeli candidates. Hamas has been designated as a terrorist group by Canada, the United States, Israel, Australia, Japan, the 4142:, and massive prestige to the families of suicide terrorists. Citing Atran and other anthropological research showing that 99 percent of Palestinian suicide terrorists are male, that 86 percent are unmarried, and that 81 percent have at least six siblings (larger than the average Palestinian family size), cognitive scientist 6335:, often descended from Moroccans recruited to work in the mining industry in the 1960s; a small fraction of the children and grandchildren of the immigrant generation have been attracted to Militant Islamism and jihad. A tiny fraction of this large Muslim population has participated in terrorist attacks. In a report by the 5440:. A number of foreign jihadists have gone to Somalia to support al-Shabaab. In 2012, it pledged allegiance to the militant Islamist organization Al-Qaeda. It is a participant in the Somali Civil War, and is reportedly being used by Egypt to destabilize Ethiopia, and attracting converts from predominantly Christian Kenya. 11537:

literature. The same was true of more sophisticated books issued by the Saudi Ministry of Islamic Practices. Even the English-language Korans available in the hotels in the Kingdom added parenthetical passages condemning Christians and Jews that were not in any English language editions of the Koran outside Saudi Arabia.

11308:, now minister of defense, who often is touted as a potential future king . Supporting da'wah, which literally means 'making an invitation' to Islam, is a religious requirement that Saudi rulers feel they cannot abandon without losing their domestic legitimacy as protectors and propagators of Islam. Yet in the wake of 10028:

fundamentalist violence within Islam. Radical Islamic movements are nothing new. They've appeared again and again throughout our own history in Indonesia. The West must stop ascribing any and all discussion of these issues to "Islamophobia." Or do people want to accuse me—an Islamic scholar—of being an Islamophobe too?

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Muslim world, the wrong type of speech or conduct (such as failing to veil or advocate the veil) meant the denial of Saudi largesse or the denial of the possibility of attaining Saudi largesse, and in numerous contexts this meant the difference between enjoying a decent standard of living or living in abject poverty.

3112:(literally, "loyalty and disassociation"), Wahhabi founder Abd al-Wahhab argued that it was "imperative for Muslims not to befriend, ally themselves with, or imitate non-Muslims or heretical Muslims", and that this "enmity and hostility of Muslims toward non-Muslims and heretical had to be visible and unequivocal". 2774:, i.e. spreading the Wahhabi interpretation of Islam, This funding incentivized Muslim "schools, book publishers, magazines, newspapers, or even governments" around the world to "shape their behavior, speech, and thought in such a way as to incur and benefit from Saudi largesse," and so propagate Wahhabi doctrines; 2153:'s 1946 bombing campaign against the British: both succeeded in creating an atmosphere of widespread fear which eventually forced the enemy to withdraw. Bergman further asserts that the influence of Israeli-sponsored terrorist operations on the emerging Islamists was also of operational nature: the Israeli proxy 11986:

Christendom to try to deceive us by distorting history and saying that the Crusades were a form of imperialism. The truth of the matter is that the latter-day imperialism is but a mask for the crusading spirit, since it is not possible for it to appear in its true form, as it was possible in the Middle Ages.

18065: 3260:, but so was "Egyptian society as a whole" because it was "not fighting the Egyptian government and had thus accepted rule by non-Muslims". While police broke up the group, it reorganized with thousands of members, some of whom went on to help assassinate the Egyptian president Anwar Sadat, and join the 4557:, a British academic specialist on the Middle East, argues that most Muslims consider these acts to be egregious violations of Islam's laws. Muslims living in the West denounce the 11 September attacks against United States, while Hezbollah contends that their rocket attacks against Israeli targets are 11555:

My Saudi students gave me some of their core texts from university classes. They complained that regardless of their subject of study, they were compelled to study 'Thaqafah Islamiyyah' (Islamic Culture) ... These books were published in 2003 (after a Saudi promise in a post-9/11 world to alter their

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A wide range of institutions, whether schools, book publishers, magazines, newspapers, or even governments, as well as individuals, such as imams, teachers, or writers, learned to shape their behavior, speech, and thought in such a way as to incur and benefit from Saudi largesse. In many parts of the

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In the melting pot of Arabia during the 1960s, local clerics trained in the Wahhabite tradition joined with activists and militants affiliated with the Muslims Brothers who had been exiled from the neighboring countries of Egypt, Syria and Iraq ... The phenomenon of Osama bin Laden and his associates

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shared with the Wahhabis a strong revulsion against western influences and unwavering confidence that Islam is both the true religion and a sufficient foundation for conducting worldly affairs ... More generally, Banna's keen desire for Muslim unity to ward off western imperialism led him to espouse

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and Hamas. Beginning in September 2000, it started a campaign of suicide bombing attacks against Israeli civilians. The PIJ's armed wing, the Al-Quds brigades, has claimed responsibility for numerous terrorist attacks in Israel, including suicide bombings. The group has been designated as a terrorist

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Historians have said that militant Islamism first gained ground among Kurds before its appeal grew among ethnic Turks and that the two most important radical Islamist organizations have been an outgrowth of Kurdish Islamism rather than Turkish Islamism. The Turkish or Kurdish Hizbullah is a primarily

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since its creation in 2007. Since the creation of the Caucasus Emirate, the group has abandoned its secular nationalist goals and fully adopted the ideology of Salafist-takfiri Jihadism which seeks to advance the cause of Allah on the earth by waging war against the Russian government and non-Muslims

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in October 2002, three Chechen separatist groups took an estimated 850 people hostage in the Russian capital; at least 129 hostages died during the storming by Russian special forces, all but one killed by the chemicals used to subdue the attackers (whether this attack would more properly be called a

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Although jihadists in the 2015-onward timeframe legitimized their attacks with a narrative of reprisal for France's participation in the international coalition fighting the Islamic State, Islamic terrorism in France has other, deeper and older causes. The main reasons France suffers frequent attacks

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After Al-Shabaab abducted foreign aid workers and tourists in Kenya, Kenyan troops were sent to Somalia in October 2011 to pursue al-Shabab militants. In the wake of the intervention, Kenya has suffered a number of attacks carried out both by al-Shabaab militants as well as Kenyan Muslim recruited by

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A 2015 "general portrait" of "the conditions and circumstances" under which people living in France become "Islamic radicals" (terrorists or would-be terrorists) by Olivier Roy (see above) found radicalisation was not an "uprising of a Muslim community that is victim to poverty and racism: only young

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raised the temperature necessary for this reinterpretation of Islam, but occupation alone would not have been sufficient for suicide terrorism. "The only way to apply a brake to suicide terrorism," Kramer argues, "is to undermine its moral logic, by encouraging Muslims to see its incompatibility with

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An example of this ideological stance in practice was provided by Karam Kuhdi, an Islamist arrested in Egypt in 1981 for his involvement in a series of robberies and murders targeting Christian goldsmiths. In this period, tourists, often non-Muslim, were also frequently targeted by Islamic terrorists

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Ibn Taymiyyah had issued a historic fatwa: Anyone who aided the Mongols, who bought goods from them or sold to them or was merely standing near them, might be killed as well. If he is a good Muslim, he will go to Paradise; if he is bad, he will go to hell, and good riddance. Thus the dead tourist and

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that offensive jihad—attacking non-Muslim territory—ought not neglected by true Muslims in favor of defensive jihad, (this "diminish the greatness of the Islamic way of life", and is the work of those who have been "defeated by the attacks of the treacherous Orientalists!" Muslims should not let lack

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Somewhat in contradiction to this, a study surveying Muslims in Europe to examine how much Islamist ideology increases support for terrorism, found that "in Western countries affected by homegrown terrorism ... justifying terrorism is strongly associated with an increase in religious practice". (This

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According to the Global Terrorism Index, deaths from terrorism peaked in 2014 and have fallen each year since then until 2019 (the last year the study had numbers for), making a decline of more than half (59% or 13,826 deaths) from their peak. The five countries "hardest hit" by terrorism continue to

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Words matter. The terminology that senior government officials use must accurately identify the nature of the challenges that face our generation. At the same time, the terminology should also be strategic – it should avoid helping the terrorists by inflating the religious bases and glamorous appeal

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Bin Laden has had success because he's focused on a limited number of U.S. foreign policies in the Muslim world, policies that are visible and are experienced by Muslims on a daily basis: our unqualified support for Israel; our ability to keep oil prices at a level that is more or less acceptable to

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was the first group to use suicide bombers in the Middle East. An increasingly popular tactic used by terrorists is suicide bombing. This tactic is used against civilians, soldiers, and government officials of the regimes the terrorists oppose. A recent clerical ruling declares terrorism and suicide

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This profile of global Jihadists differs from that found among more recent local Islamist suicide bombers in Afghanistan. According to a 2007 study of 110 suicide bombers by Afghan pathologist Dr. Yusef Yadgari, 80% of the attackers studied had some kind of physical or mental disability. The bombers

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In 2002, academics Alan B. Krueger and Jitka Maleckova found "a careful review of the evidence provides little reason for optimism that a reduction in poverty or an increase in educational attainment would by themselves, meaningfully reduce international terrorism." Alberto Abadie found "the risk of

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We call you to be a people of manners, principles, honour, and purity; to reject the immoral acts of fornication, homosexuality, intoxicants, gambling's, and trading with interest (...) You separate religion from your policies, (...) You are the nation that permits Usury, which has been forbidden by

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According to author Sadakat Kadri, "the very idea that Muslims might blow themselves up for God was unheard of before 1983, and it was not until the early 1990s that anyone anywhere had tried to justify killing innocent Muslims who were not on a battlefield." After 1983 the process was limited among

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The use of the phrase "Islamic terrorism" is disputed. In Western political speech, it has variously been called "counter-productive", "highly politicized, intellectually contestable" and "damaging to community relations", by those who disapprove of the characterization 'Islamic'. It has been argued

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Although Sunni‐extremist fervor dissipates the further one travels from the wellsprings of Cairo and Riyadh, Salafist (and very similar Wahhabi) teaching is prominently featured at thousands of worldwide schools funded by fundamentalist Sunni Muslim charities, especially those from Saudi Arabia and

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The new documents, provided to The New York Times by the lawyers, are among several hundred thousand pages of investigative material obtained by the Sept. 11 families and their insurers as part of a long-running civil lawsuit seeking to hold Saudi Arabia and its royal family liable for financing Al

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The Muslim Brothers agreed not to operate in Saudi Arabia itself, but served as a relay for contacts with foreign Islamist movements. The MBs also used as a relay in South Asia movements long established on an indigenous basis (Jamaat-i Islami). Thus the MB played an essential role in the choice of

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In the period 2004–2012, there were 470 arrests, an average of 52 per year and four times the pre-Madrid bombings average which indicated that the jihadist threat persisted after the Madrid attack. In the years after the Madrid attack, 90% of all jihadists convicted in Spain were foreigners, mainly

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France's foreign policy towards Muslim countries and jihadist fronts. France is seen as the spearhead directed against jihadist groups in Africa, just as the United States is seen as the main force opposing jihadist groups elsewhere. France's former foreign policies such as that as its colonization

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demonstrated that between 2008 and 2014, Al Qaeda and groups directly affiliated with al-Qaeda took in over US$ 125 million from kidnapping, with $ 66 million of that total paid in 2013 alone. The article showed that from a somewhat haphazard beginning in 2003, kidnapping grew into the group's main

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But when these months, prohibited (for fighting), are over, slay the idolaters wheresoever you find them, and take them captive or besiege them, and lie in wait for them at every likely place. But if they repent and fulfill their devotional obligations and pay the zakat, then let them go their way,

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suicide bombers made it clear that they were motivated by perceived worldwide and long-standing injustices against Muslims; an extreme and minority interpretation of Islam promoted by some preachers and people of influence; their interpretation as anti-Muslim of UK foreign policy, in particular the

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and a loathing and hatred of Jews ("world Jewry, whose purpose is to eliminate ... the limitations imposed by faith and religion, so that Jews may penetrate into body politics of the whole world and then may be free to perpetuate their evil designs usury, the aim of which is that all the wealth of

8419:(1982 to 2005), over $ 75 billion was spent in efforts to spread Wahhabi Islam. The money was used to establish 200 Islamic colleges, 210 Islamic centers, 1,500 mosques, and 2,000 schools for Muslim children in Muslim and non-Muslim majority countries. According to diplomat and political scientist 7166:

were predominantly Kurds, most members if not all are ethnic Kurds like its founder, as in the Hizbullah. The İBDA-C stressed its Kurdish roots, and is fighting Turkish secularism, and is also anti-Christian. The Hizbula reestablished in 2003 in southeastern Turkey and "today its ideology might be

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In the period 2013, jihadism in Spain transformed to be less overwhelmingly associated with foreigners. Arrests 2013–2017 show that 4 out of 10 arrested were Spanish nationals and 3 out of 10 were born in Spain. Most others had Morocco as a country of nationality or birth with its main focus among

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Despite its proximity to the Middle East and North Africa, relatively porous borders, and a large influx of migrants from Muslim majority countries, Italy has not experienced the same surge in radicalization as other European countries. Just 125 individuals with ties to Italy left to join jihadist

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has criticised the use of statistics where the number of attacks are counted instead of the number of killed, since 79% of terrorist deaths 2001–2011 in Europe were due to Islamic terrorism. Therefore, statistics focusing on the number of attacks instead of the number killed are exploited by those

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are on the United States' foreign terrorist organizations list, and are also designated as terrorist groups by the United Kingdom, India, Australia and Pakistan. Jaish-e-Mohammed was formed in 1994 and has carried out a series of attacks all over India. The group was formed after the supporters of

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In December 2015, Islamic State issued a video on social media which showed Mauritian citizen Yogen Sundrun who used his pseudonym Abu Shuaib Al Afriqi to claim that IS fighters will liberate Mauritius soon. The video prominently featured a flag of Daesh. Yogen Sundrun also urged other Mauritians,

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ar from being religious zealots, a large number of those involved in terrorism do not practise their faith regularly. Many lack religious literacy and could actually be regarded as religious novices. Very few have been brought up in strongly religious households, and there is a higher than average

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Many believe that groups like Al-Qaeda and ISIS which are reacting to aggression by non-Muslim (especially US) powers, and that religious beliefs are overstated if not irrelevant in their motivation. According to a graph by U.S. State Department, terrorist attacks escalated worldwide following the

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is not only a theologically sound act, but a commendable one, too, something to be cherished and celebrated regardless of its outcome. neither Zarqawi nor his inheritors have looked back, liberally using Muhajir's work to normalize the use of suicide tactics in the time since, such that they have

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According to traditional Islamic law, the blood of someone who leaves Islam is "forfeit"—i.e. they are condemned to death. This applies not only to self-proclaimed ex-Muslims, but to those who still believe themselves to be Muslims but who (in the eyes of their accusers) have deviated too far from

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interview, within the classical Islamic tradition the relationship between Muslims and non-Muslims is assumed to be one of segregation and enmity. In his view extremism and terrorism are linked with "the basic assumptions of Islamic orthodoxy" and that radical Islamic movements are nothing new. He

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Enemies of the Believers may wish to change this struggle into an economic or political ... struggle so that the Believers become confused concerning the true nature of the struggle and the flame of belief in their hearts becomes extinguished ... We see an example of this today in the attempts of

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Starting in the 1950s, religious institutions in Saudi Arabia published and disseminated new editions of Ibn Taymiyya's works for free throughout the world, financed by petroleum royalties. These works have been cited widely: by Abd al-Salam Faraj, the spokesperson for the group that assassinated

5523:, and took hostages. Twenty-one people, mostly European tourists, were killed at the scene, and an additional victim died ten days later. Around fifty others were injured. Two of the gunmen, Tunisian citizens Yassine Labidi and Saber Khachnaoui were killed by police. Police treated the event as a 3986:

A motivator of violent radicalism (not just found in Al-Qaeda and ISIS) is psychological development during adolescence. Cally O'Brien found many terrorists were "not exposed to the West in a positive context, whether by simple isolation or conservative family influence, until well after they had

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Martin Kramer has argued that while terrorist organizers are seldom poor, their "foot-soldiers" often are. Andrew Whitehead states that "poverty creates opportunity" for terrorists, who have hired desperate poor children to do grunt work in Iraq and won the loyalty of poor in Lebanon by providing

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and others, many if not all of those self-proclaimed jihad fighters believe that defensive global jihad is a personal obligation, which means that no caliph or Muslim head of state needs to declare it. Killing yourself in the process of killing the enemy is an act of martyrdom and it brings you a

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The tract asserts that "one who previously engaged in jihad knows that it is naught but violence, crudeness, terrorism, deterrence and massacring," and that even "the most abominable of the levels of savagery" of jihad are better "than stability under the order of unbelief"—those orders being any

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The hundreds of Islamic colleges and Islamic centers, over a thousand mosques and schools for Muslim children, it financed often featured Wahhabi-friendly curriculum and religious materials such as textbooks explaining that all forms of Islam except Wahhabism were deviation, or the twelfth grade

2707:

is deeply conservative and anti-revolutionary (its founder taught that Muslims are obliged to give unquestioned allegiance to their ruler, however imperfect, so long as he leads the community according to the laws of God), Nonetheless, this ideology and its sponsors have been accused of assisting

2370:

However, while the motivation of the individuals directly involved in carrying out the terror attacks are not necessarily religious and may stem from other reasons, religiously motivated organizations and governments are very often behind such attacks. Fundamentalist organizations and governments

2352:

Shmuel Bar argues that while the importance of political and socioeconomic factors in Islamist terrorism is not in doubt, "In order to comprehend the motivation for these acts and to draw up an effective strategy for a war against terrorism, it is necessary to understand the religious-ideological

1940:

or ISIL – They have perverted and distorted and tried to claim the mantle of Islam for an excuse for basically barbarism and death ... But what I have been careful about when I describe these issues is to make sure that we do not lump these murderers into the billion Muslims that exist around the

7520:

was formed in 2008, in Lebanon, giving Hezbollah and its opposition allies control of 11 of 30 cabinets seats; effectively veto power. Hezbollah receives its financial support from the governments of Iran and Syria, as well as donations from Lebanese people and foreign Shi'as. It has also gained

6194:

Out of 1,009 arrests for terrorism in 2008, 187 were in relation to Islamist terrorism. The report showed that the majority of Islamist terror suspects were second or third generation immigrants. It also showed that more than 99% of attempted terrorist attacks in Europe over the last three years

3837:

has argued that at least terrorists utilizing suicide attacks—a particularly effective form of terrorist attack—are driven not by Islamism but by "a clear strategic objective: to compel modern democracies to withdraw military forces from the territory that the terrorists view as their homeland".

1973:

here was a consensus that the should avoid unintentionally portraying terrorists, who lack moral and religious legitimacy, as brave fighters, legitimate soldiers, or spokesmen for ordinary Muslims. Therefore, the experts counseled caution in using terms such as, "jihadist," "Islamic terrorist,"

10027:

Western politicians should stop pretending that extremism and terrorism have nothing to do with Islam. There is a clear relationship between fundamentalism, terrorism, and the basic assumptions of Islamic orthodoxy. So long as we lack consensus regarding this matter, we cannot gain victory over

6610:

Deportation (expulsion) of suspects who are foreign nationals has been the cornerstone of Italy's preventive counter-terrorism strategy against jihadists. Deportees are prohibited from re-entering Italy and the entire Schengen Area for at least five years. This measure is particularly effective

5260:

In August 2014, Mauritians Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully, aged 48, and his wife, Nazimabee Golamaully, aged 45, provided financial support to their nephew Zafirr Golamaully who had left Mauritius in March 2014 to fight for Islamic State in Syria after travelling via Dubai and Turkey. The couple was

4990:

In the beginning of the 21st century, emerged a worldwide network of hundreds of web sites that inspire, train, educate and recruit young Muslims to engage in jihad against the United States and other Western countries, taking less prominent roles in mosques and community centers that are under

4276:

However, two studies of the background of Muslim terrorists in Europe—one of the UK and one of France—found little connection between religious piety and terrorism among the terrorist rank and file. A "restricted" report of hundreds of case studies by the UK domestic counter-intelligence agency

3043:

said of Al-Qaeda that it "has developed an ideology which claims that Islam is under attack, and needs to be defended". "This," she said "is a powerful narrative that weaves together conflicts from across the globe, presenting the West's response to varied and complex issues, from long-standing

2356:

Examining Europe, two studies of the background of Muslim terrorists—one of the UK and one of France—found little connection between terrorist acts performed in the name of Islam and the religious piety of the operatives. A "restricted" 2008 UK report of hundreds of case studies by the domestic

11536:

Many aspects of the Saudi curriculum were not fully modernized after the 1960s. Some Saudi textbooks taught Islamic tolerance while others condemned Jews and Christians. Anti-Christian and anti-Jewish passages remained in grade school textbooks that use rhetoric that were little more than hate

4938:

that ISIS had "made it known" to other militant groups that they "would pay" for kidnapped journalists. ISIS has also kidnapped foreign-aid workers and Syrians who work for foreign-funded groups and reconstruction projects in Syria. By mid-2014, ISIS was holding assets valued at US$ 2 billion.

4210:

jihad is "the only cause on the global market". If you kill in silence, it will be reported by the local newspaper; "if you kill yelling 'Allahu Akbar', you are sure to make the national headlines". Other extreme causes—ultra-left or radical ecology are "too bourgeois and intellectual" for the

3777:

Following the 9/11 attack, commentators noted the poverty of Afghanistan, and speculated that blame might partly fall on a lack of a "higher priority to health, education, and economic development" funding by richer countries, and "stagnant economies and a paucity of jobs" in poorer countries.

3490:

Supporters of bin Laden have pointed to reports according to which the Islamic prophet Muhammad attacked towns at night or with catapults, and argued that he must have condoned incidental harm to noncombatants, since it would have been impossible to distinguish them from combatants during such

3323:

Initiated by a sly Jew, are an apostate sect drowning in worship of the dead, cursing the best companions and wives of the Prophet, spreading doubt on the very basis of the religion (the Qur'ān and the Sunnah), defaming the very honor of the Prophet, and preferring their "twelve" imāms to the

2417:

11348:

The Kingdom's 70 or so embassies around the world already featured cultural, educational, and military attaches, along with consular officers who organized visas for the hajj. Now they were joined by religious attaches, whose job was to get new mosques built in their countries and to persuade

5256:

In 2011, Mauritian shop-keeper Reaz Lauthan travelled to Syria to join Islamic State and participate in the war. In Mauritius Reaz Lauthan had established Al Muhajiroun, an organization which promoted the relinquishment of Islamic traditions that originated from India. However Lauthan's group

10913:

Not only is the Saudi monarch effectively the religious primate, but the puritanical Wahhabi sect of Islam that he represents instructs Muslims to be obedient and submissive to their ruler, however imperfect, in pursuit of a perfect life in paradise. Only if a ruler directly countermands the

3791:

In a 1997 interview, he claimed that "since 1973, the price of petrol has increased only $ 8/barrel while the prices of other items have gone up three times. The oil prices should also have gone up three times but this did not happen", (On the other hand, in an interview five weeks after the

3482:

In a post-9/11 work, "A Statement from Qaidat al-Jihad Regarding the Mandates of the Heroes and the Legality of the Operations in New York and Washington", Al-Qaeda provided a more systematic justification—one that provided "ample theological justification for killing civilians in almost any

2054:

movements swept throughout the Arab and Islamic world. These movements were nationalist and revolutionary, but not Islamic. However, their view that terrorism could be effective in reaching their political goals generated the first phase of modern international terrorism. In the late 1960s,

16089:

Marina Lazreg, "Consequences of Political Liberalisation and Sociocultural Mobilisation for Women in Algeria, Egypt and Jordan", in Anne-Marie Goetz, Governing Women: Women's Political Effectiveness in Contexts of Democratisation and Governance Reform (New York: Routledge/UNRISD, 2009), p.

8376:

by the regime of Gamal Abdel Nasser. In 1954 another a second unsuccessful assassination was attempted against Egypt's prime minister (Gamal Abdel Nasser), and blamed on the "secret apparatus" of the Brotherhood. The Brotherhood was again banned and this time thousands of its members were

5357:, Moroccan authorities appear to have a good grip on the jihadist situation and cooperates with European and US authorities. Moroccans are overrepresented in "diaspora terrorism", that is terrorism which takes place outside the borders of Morocco. For example, two Moroccans were behind the 4862:

fundraising strategy, with targeted, professional kidnapping of civilians from wealthy European countries—principally France, Spain and Switzerland—willing to pay huge ransoms. US and UK nationals are less commonly targeted since these governments have shown an unwillingness to pay ransom.

4331:

Being a religious obligation, jihad is elaborately regulated in sharia law, which discusses in minute detail such matters as the opening, conduct, interruption and cessation of hostilities, the treatment of prisoners and noncombatants, the use of weapons, etc. Similarly, the laws of Jihad

6723:: On 18 March 2019, Gökmen Tanis carried out a shooting attack against tram passengers in Utrecht, killing four civilians and wounding six others. Tanis was arrested and convicted of murder with terrorist intent and sentenced to life in prison. He expressed support for Islamic extremism. 4479:

Despite the fact that a founding principle of modern violent jihad is the defense of Islam and Muslims, most victims of attacks by Islamic terrorism ("the vast majority" according to one source—J.J. Goldberg) are self-proclaimed Muslims. Many if not all Salafi-Jihadi groups practice

3895:

has oppressed, killed, or otherwise harmed Muslims in the Middle East, condensed in the phrase "They hate us for what we do, not who we are." U.S. foreign policy actions Scheuer believes are fueling Islamic terror include: the US–led intervention in Afghanistan and invasion of Iraq;

5078:, sometimes wiping out entire villages in its area of operation. It also targeted foreigners living in Algeria, killing more than 100 expatriates in the country. In recent years it has been eclipsed by a splinter group, the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC), now called 2087:

between mostly US-aligned conservative Islamic monarchies (Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Jordan) and Soviet-aligned secular national-revolutionary governments (Egypt, Syria, Algeria, Libya, Iraq) inspired a growth of religiously motivated Islamic movements in the Middle East, supported by

14018:"The focused and lethal threat posed to U.S. national security arises not from Muslims being offended by what America is, but rather from their plausible perception that the things they most love and value—God, Islam, their brethren, and Muslim lands—are being attacked by America." 8453:

according to Jamileh Kadivar based on estimates from Global Terrorism Database, 2020; Herrera, 2019; Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights & United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) Human Rights Office, 2014; Ibrahim, 2017; Obeidallah, 2014;

7315:

and restoring the rights of the Palestinian people under the sacred Islamic teachings of the Holy Quran, the Sunna (traditions) of Prophet Mohammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and the traditions of Muslims rulers and scholars noted for their piety and dedication."

4535:— which killed at least 796 Egyptian policemen and soldiers from 1992 to 1998 — renounced bloodshed in 2003 in a deal with the Egyptian government where a series of high-ranking members were released (as of 2009 "the group has perpetrated no new terrorist acts"). A second group 2599:... despite the fact it "knows" it is inferior to Islam (It "knows that it does not possess anything which will satisfy its own conscience and justify its existence", so that when confronted with the "logic, beauty, humanity and happiness" of Islam, "the American people blush"); 4587:

and other authors have collected statements by prominent Muslim figures and organizations condemning terrorism. In September 2014, an open letter to ISIS by "over 120 prominent Muslim scholars" denounced that group for "numerous religious transgressions and abominable crimes".

2165:

agent told Bergman: "I saw from a distance one of the cars blowing up and demolishing an entire street. We were teaching the Lebanese how effective a car bomb could be. Everything that we saw later with Hezbollah sprang from what they saw had happened after these operations."

7246:. In 2005, there were more than 400 incidents of suicide bombing attacks, killing more than 2,000 people. In 2006, almost half of all reported terrorist attacks in the world (6,600), and more than half of all terrorist fatalities (13,000), occurred in Iraq, according to the 3786:

You steal our wealth and oil at paltry prices because of your international influence and military threats. This theft is indeed the biggest theft ever witnessed by mankind in the history of the world. ... If people steal our wealth, then we have the right to destroy their

4268:

found the perpetrators were "generally motivated by a mix of factors", including "militant Islamist ideology;" opposition to "American foreign policy in the Muslim world; a need to attach themselves to an ideology or organization that gave them a sense of purpose"; and a

4522:

was the son of a chicken farmer with little Islamic education. He famously expanded the GIA's definition of apostate until he concluded the whole of Algerian society outside of the GIA "had left Islam". His attacks led to the deaths of thousands of Algerian civilians.

2788:

Not least, the successful 1980–1990 jihad against Soviet occupation of Afghanistan—that inspired non-Afghan jihad veterans to continue jihad in their own country or other—benefited from billions of dollars in Saudi financing, as well as "weaponry and intelligence".

6270:

The agency's report also noted that jihadist attacks had caused more deaths and casualties than any other type of terrorist attack, that such attacks had become more frequent, and that there had been a decrease in the sophistication and preparation of the attacks.

3745:

become the single most important military and terrorist method—defensive or offensive—used by ISIS today. The way that Muhajir theorized it was simple—he offered up a theological fix that allows any who desire it to sidestep the Koranic injunctions against suicide.

3233:) -- are thought to have gone even further, applying takfir and its capital punishment against not only to Sunni government authorities and Shia Muslims, but to ordinary Sunni civilians who disagree with/disobeyed insurgent policies such as reinstituting slavery. 5594:

forces have "sharply escalated bombing and other attacks" against civilians since 2006. In 2006, "at least 669 Afghan civilians were killed in at least 350 armed attacks, most of which appear to have been intentionally launched at civilians or civilian objects".

4608:

of Egypt, stated not only for Islam but in general: "Terrorism cannot be born of religion. Terrorism is the product of corrupt minds, hardened hearts, and arrogant egos, and corruption, destruction, and arrogance are unknown to the heart attached to the divine."

2244:, providing logistical support, travel documentation, and training facilities. Since 1989 the increasing willingness of religious extremists to strike targets outside immediate country or regional areas highlights the global nature of contemporary terrorism. The 18073: 4718:

Along with bombings and hijackings, Islamic terrorists have made extensive use of highly publicised kidnappings and executions (i.e. ritualized murders), often circulating videos of the acts for use as propaganda. A frequent form of execution by these groups is

5283:), was arrested and charged with "harbouring terrorist" on 14 March 2022. In March 2021, Yassiin Meetou had confessed that he had assisted shooter Ajmal Aumeeruddy and Ajam Beeharry of Camp Yoloff by transporting them and their motorbike to shoot Manan Fakhoo. 2266:, between 11 September 2001 and 21 April 2019, there were 31,221 Islamist terrorism attacks, in which at least 146,811 people were killed. Many of the victims were Muslims, including most of the victims who were killed in attacks involving 12 or more deaths. 14167:

Western consumers. Probably the most damaging of all is our 30-year support for police states across the Islamic world: the Al Sauds and the Egyptians under Mubarak and his predecessors; the Algerians; the Moroccans; the Kuwaitis. They're all police states.

7546:

organization, while the United Kingdom, the European Union and Australia consider only Hezbollah's military wing or its external security organization to be a terrorist organization. Many consider it, or a part of it, to be a terrorist group responsible for

7813:, was a suicide bombing attack on the building of the Israeli embassy of Argentina, located in Buenos Aires, which was carried out on 17 March 1992. Twenty-nine civilians were killed in the attack and 242 additional civilians were injured. A group called 6278:, the 2017 attacks in European countries showed that the military defeat of the Islamic State did not mean the end of Islamist violence. Schröter also wrote that the events in Europe looked like a delayed implementation of jihadist strategy formulated by 5406:

is an Islamic extremist group based in northeastern Nigeria which began violent attacks in 2009, also active in Chad, Niger and northern Cameroon. In the 2009–2018 period, more than 27,000 people have been killed in the fighting in the countries around

2371:

often encourage, fund, assist, incentivize or reward the actions of individuals they recognize as susceptible to be coerced into committing terror attacks, thus using people who are not always religiously motivated themselves to achieve religious ends.

4038:

researcher studying suicide terrorism, as of 2005, the available evidence contradicts a number of simplistic explanations for the motivations of terrorists, including mental instability, poverty, and feelings of humiliation. The greatest predictors of

18440:

De l'attaque de « Charlie Hebdo » et de l'« Hyper casher » en janvier 2015 à la mort du père Jacques Hamel à Saint-Etienne-de-Rouvray, mardi 26 juillet, ce sont 236 personnes qui ont perdu la vie dans des attentats et attaques

3008:

Never think of those martyred in the cause of Allah as dead. In fact, they are alive with their Lord, well provided for—), and maintaining that those whose Islamic faith is "pure" would not be upset with the Taliban's murder of children either.

7525:

that Israel had withdrawn from all Lebanese territory, in August, Lebanon's new Cabinet unanimously approved a draft policy statement which secures Hezbollah's existence as an armed organization and guarantees its right to "liberate or recover

2345:-- "does looks nonsensical except in light of a sincere, carefully considered commitment to returning civilization to a seventh-century legal environment" of Muhammad and his companions, "and ultimately to bringing about the apocalypse" and 11620:

Egyptian President Anwar Sadat in 1981; in GIA tracts calling for the massacre of 'infidels'during the Algerian civil war in the 1990s; and today on Internet sites exhorting Muslim women in the west to wear veils as a religious obligation.

2712:

indirectly—by "creating" an environment from late 1970s to 2010 that "supported the spread of extremist ideologies"; despite its conservatism, Wahhabism shares important doctrinal points with forms of Islamism—a strong "revulsion" against

1802:, with studies finding 80-90% of terrorist victims to be Muslim. The annual number of fatalities from terrorist attacks grew sharply from 2011 to 2014 when it reached a peak of 33,438, before declining to 13,826 in 2019. As of 2015, four 13862: 4055:

on which the rising tide of martyrdom actions is based". Terrorists, according to Atran, are social beings influenced by social connections and values. Rather than dying "for a cause", they might be said to have died "for each other".

8320:

An indication that Islamic terrorism has at least paced the general decline in deaths from terror is that "one of the more worrying trends" in terrorism over the five year period from 2014–2019, is (non-Islamic) far-right terrorism.

6282:

in 2005, where an intensification of terror should destabilise societies and encourage Muslim youth to revolt. The expected civil war never materialised Europe, but did occur in other regions such as North Africa and the Philippines.

8463:(This claim seems to be based on incorrect facts — the price of wheat did not increase three fold from 1973–1997 — and the questionable assumption that the demand and price for oil would continue to rise at a steady rate after the 6540:

of Muslim countries is also brought up in jihadist propaganda, for example, that the influence of French education, culture and political institutions had served to erase the Muslim identity of those colonies and their inhabitants.

5039:

which resulted in an armed jihadist movement controlling a territory of their own. The ICU was later militarily defeated and al-Shabaab was formed from its remnants. Al-Shabaab would later ally itself with al-Qaeda. In 2017, the

11855: 4798:

and also pay a large ransom. In September 2014 an Islamist militant group kidnapped a French national in Algeria and threatened to kill the hostage unless the government of France withdrew its support for the war against ISIS.

4231:

backgrounds, their education, their facility with languages, and their computer skills—was displacement. Most who joined the jihad did so in a country other than the one in which they were reared. They were Algerians living in

11007:' included Wahhabi ulemas and Islamist intellectuals and promoted strict implementation of the sharia in the political, moral and cultural spheres; this proto-movement had few social concerns and even fewer revolutionary ones. 3735:

Ranging from ruminations on the merits of beheading, torturing, or burning prisoners to thoughts on assassination, siege warfare, and the use of biological weapons, Muhajir's intellectual legacy is a crucial component of the

9665: 5338:

Islamic school of thought. The authorities removed Quranic passages that were deemed too violent from religious education textbooks. As a result, the textbooks were reduced to 24 lessons from the 50 lessons they had before.

6979:, since the 1970s, a number of residents of Sweden have been implicated in providing logistical and financial support to or joining various foreign-based transnational Islamic militant groups. Among these organizations are 1826:. In some of the worst-affected Muslim-majority regions, these terrorists have been met by armed, independent resistance groups. Islamist terrorism has also been roundly condemned by prominent Islamic figures and groups. 20927: 4286:

proportion of converts. Some are involved in drug-taking, drinking alcohol and visiting prostitutes. MI5 says there is evidence that a well-established religious identity actually protects against violent radicalisation.

3781:

Among the acts of oppression against Muslims by the United States and its allies alleged by the head of Al-Qaeda, are economic exploitation. In a 6 October 2002 message by Osama bin Laden 'Letter to America', he alleges

2366:

6736:. This was the first sentence under the new anti-terror legislation. A third man was freed from the accusation of terrorism, but was sentenced for helping with explosives and he received a fourth-month prison sentence. 6211:, in 2016 "nearly all reported fatalities and most of the casualties were the result of jihadist terrorist attacks." A majority of about two-thirds of all terrorist-related arrests in the EU were also jihadist-related. 3972:

can be said to motivated by ideology not by any desire to compel UK military to withdraw from "their homeland", as they were born and raised in Yorkshire. They had never set foot in Iraq and do not speak its language.

1924:) repeatedly stated that the war against terrorism has nothing to do with Islam. Others inside and out of the Islamic world who oppose its use on the grounds there is no connection between Islam and terrorism include 17049: 3700:, as well as several other jihadi terrorist groups, including ISIL and Boko Haram. Zarqawi used a 579-page manuscript of al-Muhajir's ideas at AQI training camps that were later deployed by ISIL, known in Arabic as 4191:(as opposed to local) terrorists who were incarcerated or killed and for whom authorities have records, as being surprising in a number of ways: The subjects frequently had a Westernized background; there were few 8373: 7735:

to be the most dangerous threat and concern faced by American citizens today. As of July 2011, there have been 52 homegrown jihadist extremist plots or attacks in the United States since the 11 September attacks.

7334:

which inspired its members. From 1983 onward, it engaged in "a succession of violent, high-profile attacks" on Israeli targets. The Intifada which "it eventually sparked" was quickly taken over by the much larger

6225:

such as drug-dealing, theft, robberies, loan fraud and burglaries. Jihadists use ordinary crime as a way to finance their activity and have also argued this to be the "ideologically correct" way to wage jihad in

4649:, 50 Muslim scholars of the Sunni Ittehad Council (SIC) issued a collective fatwa against suicide bombings, the killing of innocent people, bomb attacks, and targeted killings. It considers them to be forbidden. 2224:, in 1980, 2 out of 64 terrorist groups were categorized as having religious motivation while in 1995, almost half (26 out of 56) were religiously motivated with the majority having Islam as their guiding force. 15871: 3712:. The book has been described by counter-terrorism scholar Orwa Ajjoub as rationalizing and justifying "suicide operations, the mutilation of corpses, beheading, and the killing of children and non-combatants". 17935: 6218: 3324:

prophets and even to Allah! ...Thus, the Rāfidah are mushrik apostates who must be killed wherever they are to be found, until no Rāfidī walks on the face of earth, even if the jihād claimants despise such...

2886:

Since then, the "vocabulary of martyrdom and sacrifice", videotaped pre-confession of faith by attackers have become part of "Islamic cultural consciousness", "instantly recognizable" to Muslims (according to

7033:, with around 300 people traveling to Syria and Iraq to join the group and Al-Qaeda associated outfits like Jabhat al-nusra in the 2012–2017 period and some have financed their activities with funds from the 17491: 13942:

For example, according to Pape, from 1980 to 2003 suicide attacks amounted to only 3% of all terrorist attacks, but accounted for 48% of total deaths due to terrorism—this excluding 9/11 attacks, from Pape,

4889:, kidnapping was a "crucial early source" of funds as ISIS expanded rapidly in 2013. In March, upon receiving payment from the government of Spain, ISIS released 2 Spanish hostages working for the newspaper 4344:"ignore 14 centuries of Muslim scholarship", and that if they "followed the norms of their religion, they would have had to acknowledge that no school of mainstream Islam allows the targeting of civilians." 1968:

The office "consulted with some of the leading U.S.-based scholars and commentators on Islam to discuss the best terminology to use when describing the terrorist threat." Among the experts they consulted,

2556:(according to Bruce Livesey); his ideas are said to have formed "the modern Islamist movement" (according to Gilles Kepel); which along with other "violent Islamic thought", became the ideology known as " 6598:

in 2001, there have been a small number of plots either thwarted or failed. Two individuals born in Italy have been involved in terrorist attacks, Youssef Zaghba one of the trio of attackers in the June

6387:

to escape. Salah Abdeslam was arrested a few days later and the surviving members of the cell, including brothers Najim Laachraoui and Khalid and Ibrahim Bakraoui (previously armed robbers) launched the

3348:

is a firmly established aspect of the Shariah that if one were to deny or mock, he would be denying or mocking the verses of the Koran and the narrations of the Prophet ... and thereby apostatizing from

2301:) attribute it to extremist interpretations of Islam; others (Mehdi Hasan) to some combination of political grievance and social-psychological maladjustment; and still others (such as James L. Payne and 6563:, who declared that Sunni Islamist terrorism was a prioritised threat. Nuñez drew parallels between the three attacks of 2020 which all were attacks on "blasphemy and the will to avenge their prophet". 4304:

Along with explaining Islamic terrorism, many observers have attempted to point out their inconsistencies and the flaws in their arguments, often suggesting means of de-motivating potential terrorists.

3437:

writes that some radical Islamists go beyond the classical theory to insist that the purpose of jihad is to overthrow regimes oppressing Muslims and bring non-Muslims to convert to Islam. In contrast,

3004:—that the 132 school children the Taliban slaughtered were "not dead" because they had been killed "in the way of God ... Don't call them dead. They are alive, but we don't perceive it" (citing, Quran 14028: 3842:, who debated Pape on origins of suicide bombing, stated that the motivation for suicide attacks is not just strategic logic but also an interpretation of Islam to provide a moral logic. For example, 3757:(2017). He assesses that jihadists regard their actions as being "for the greater good"; that they are in a "weakened in the earth" situation that renders Islamic terrorism a valid means of solution. 18495: 3800:

terrorism is not significantly higher for poorer countries, once other country-specific characteristics are considered", but instead seems to correlate with a country's "level of political freedom".

14189: 2964:"...The sons of the land of the two holiest sites ... I say this to you, These youths love death as you love life" (Osama bin Laden addressing U.S. Secretary of Defense William Perry in 1996 fatwa) 11798: 6383:, an Islamic State operative from Algeria who previously had lived in Sweden. Belkaid was killed in a shootout in the Foret district of Brussels, during which Belkaid was firing on police to allow 5006: 3593:

might blow themselves up for God was unheard of before 1983, and it was not until the early 1990s that anyone anywhere had tried to justify killing innocent Muslims who were not on a battlefield."

20487: 4355:

But when these months, prohibited (for fighting), are over, slay the idolaters wheresoever you find them, and take them captive or besiege them, and lie in wait for them at every likely place. ...

3175:

to be in violation of the Quranic injunction 'There is no compulsion in religion....' (Q.2:256), but even earlier generations of Islamic scholars warned against making such accusations (known as

3044:

disputes such as Israel/Palestine and Kashmir to more recent events as evidence of an across-the-board determination to undermine and humiliate Islam worldwide." She said that the video wills of

3017:

A tenant of Qutbism and other militant Islamists is that Western policies and society are not just un-Islamic or exploitive, but actively anti-Islamic, or as it is sometimes described, waging a "

12087:

Significantly, Abd al-Wahhab also insisted that it was a sign of spiritual weakness for Muslims to care for or be interested in non-Muslim beliefs or practices. Pursuant to a doctrine known as

5676:

On 30 July 2004, suicide bombers struck the entrances of the US and Israeli embassies in Tashkent. Two Uzbek security guards were killed in both bombings. The IJU again claimed responsibility.

4207:

most of the radicals have a Muslim background, which makes them open to a process of re-Islamisation ("almost none of them having been pious before entering the process of radicalisation"), and

4164:

and that many potential brides end up in polygynous marriages, the financial compensation of an act of suicide terrorism can buy enough brides for a man's brothers to have children to make the

3159:

responded: "A hate crime? Yes. Muslims undoubtedly hate liberalist sodomites. An act of terrorism? Most definitely. Muslims have been commanded to terrorize the disbelieving enemies of Allah."

2414:

most of the radicals have a Muslim background, which makes them open to a process of re-Islamisation ("almost none of them having been pious before entering the process of radicalisation"), and

8307:

which is encapsulated in the formula "Islam is exalted and nothing is exalted above it". Also World Assembly of Muslim Youth "which has publicly stated that one of its educational goals is to

3608:, such as detailed rules involving "the initiation, the conduct, the termination" of jihad, the treatment of prisoners, the distribution of booty, etc. Unless there was a sudden attack on the 3527:

regime other than ISIL. Victims should not only be beheaded, shot, burn alive in cages or gradually submerged until drowned, but these events should be publicized with videos and photographs.

17778: 7458:

in Lebanon. Hezbollah leaders have also made numerous statements calling for the destruction of Israel, which they refer to as a "Zionist entity... built on lands wrested from their owners."

6551:

satirical press which is less respectful towards religion than that of the US or the United Kingdom. The French nation state is also perceived as an obstacle towards establishing a caliphate.

16664: 5331:

In the 2013–2017 period, anti-terrorist authorities in Morocco, in cooperation with their counterparts in Spain, conducted up to eleven joint operations against jihadist cells and networks.

19251: 7018:

were not primarily seeking to commit attacks in Sweden, but were rather using Sweden as a base of operations against other countries and for providing logistical support for groups abroad.

18917: 16734: 15326: 8637: 25881: 20099: 19317: 4249:

were also "not celebrated like their counterparts in other Muslim nations. Afghan bombers are not featured on posters or in videos as martyrs." Daniel Byman, a Middle East expert at the

3155:, described as a "hate crime" due to the victims being customers of an LGBT nightclub, allegedly targeted in retaliation for American airstrikes against ISIS, the official ISIS magazine 24644: 11866: 5450:

In 2017, al-Shabaab was estimated to have about 7000–9000 fighters. It has imposed a strict Sharia law in areas it controls, such as stoning adulterers and amputating hands of thieves.

4743:(for various reasons and by various groups, including purely criminal) gained great international notoriety, even as the great majority (thousands) of victims were Iraqis. In 2007, the 5425:

and it uses suicide bombings and kill civilians indiscriminately. The other is named Islamic State West Africa Province and it generally attacks military and government installations.

6516:

saw the fundamental values of the French republic being challenged and called them attacks against secular, enlightenment and democratic values along with "what makes us who we are".

2582:

the need for violent jihad as well as preaching to bring back sharia law and spread Islam, (a vanguard "movement" will use "physical power and Jihad", to remove "material obstacles");

2431:, etc. -- where the opposite seems to be true, i.e. the more importance respondents assigned to religion in their life, the less likely they were to "justifying political violence".) 4539:

made a similar agreement in 2007. Preceding the agreements was program where Muslim scholars debated with imprisoned group leaders arguing that true Islam did not support terrorism.

18663: 18454: 13567: 12178: 4573:

In reference to suicide attacks, Hannah Stuart notes there is a "significant debate among contemporary clerics over which circumstance permit such attacks." Qatar-based theologian,

2008:, etc., "seeking to revive true Islam, which its members felt had been neglected in Muslim societies, who were not living up to the ideals of the earliest Muslims". The 7th century 16060: 15783: 11856:"Declaration of Jihad Against the Americans Occupying the Land of the Two Holiest Sites. (Expel the infidels from the Arab Peninsula). A message from Usamah Bin Muhammad Bin Ladin" 2236:

and the subsequent anti-Soviet mujahedin war, lasting from 1979 to 1989, started the rise and expansion of terrorist groups. Since their beginning in 1994, the Pakistani-supported

16591: 7228:

are also Islamist groups active against Turkey, however unlike Hizbullah they're yet to be listed as active terrorist organizations in Turkey by Turkish police counter-terrorism.

5679:

Foreign commentators on Uzbek affairs speculated that the 2004 violence could have been the work of the IMU, Al-Qaeda, Hizb ut-Tahrir, or some other radical Islamic organization.

5272:. Graffiti was also painted by the attackers on the front fence of the compound which referred to Islamic State and claims that their prophet Abu Bakr Baghdadi had been insulted. 3796:

towers his operation was responsible for, bin Laden described the towers as standing for—or "preaching"—not exploitation or capitalism, but "freedom human Rights, and equality".)

18844:

Van Ginkel, Bibi; Boutin, Bérénice; Chauzal, Grégory; Dorsey, Jessica; Jegerings, Marjolein; Paulussen, Christophe; Pohl, Johanna; Reed, Alastair; Zavagli, Sofia (1 April 2016).

14096: 19133: 11667:

Islamic grand teacher, Javed Ahmad Ghamidi, who is in self-imposed exile due to death threats, has clearly stated that the root cause of Muslim terrorism is religious ideology.

9894: 7084:, a request that has been delayed by Turkey due to Turkish view that Sweden is not doing enough to prevent organizations Turkey sees as terrorist from operating in Sweden (see 6897:

and Algeria, while 7 out of 10 resided in the metropolitan areas of Madrid or Barcelona. The vast majority were involved in cells linked to organisations such as al-Qaeda, the

16951: 13911: 14434: 13050: 11821: 7395: 3650:

resulting from an attack on the enemy with no concern for your own safety was praiseworthy, but dying by your own hand (as opposed to the enemy's) merited a special place in

17057: 6062: 3740:—and, indeed, whatever comes after it—a way to render practically anything permissible, provided, that is, it can be spun as beneficial to the jihad. According to Muhajir, 2748: 18423: 17009: 25349: 24654: 1258: 4966:

when public pressure forced the government of Israel to release 1027 prisoners, including 280 convicted of terrorism by Israel, in exchange for his release. According to

20558: 15186: 4418: 4059:

In a 2011 doctoral thesis, anthropologist Kyle R. Gibson reviewed three studies documenting 1,208 suicide attacks from 1981 to 2007 and found that countries with higher

2443:/traditions of Islam do not support or otherwise associate themselves with terrorism. According to Mir Faizal, only three sects or movements of Islam—the Sunni sects of 20208: 19044: 15879: 14818: 7656:

reported that terrorist radicalization at home is now the chief preoccupation of Canada's spy agency. The most notorious arrest in Canada's fight on terrorism, was the

6530:) which jihadists perceive to be hostile towards Islam. Also, France's status as an officially secular nation and jihadists label France as "the flagship of disbelief". 15682: 14252: 11752: 8814: 6844:(polytheists) who do not adhere to true Islamic teachings. In 2011, the U.S. Department of State included the Caucasus Emirate on its list of terrorist organizations. 6547:, the national emblem of France, is considered as "a false idol" by jihadists and the French to be "idol worshippers". France also has no law against blasphemy and an 3092:

in Egypt. During police interrogation, Kuhdi surprised authorities with his unconventional beliefs. He rejected the traditional Islamic doctrine that Christians were "

16616: 9827: 9686: 5324:. Moroccan authorities initially ignored the people who joined ISIS but later on realised they could return to commit terrorist offences in Morocco. As a result, the 4932:

Holding foreign journalists as hostages is so valuable to ISIS that Rami Jarrah, a Syrian who has acted as go-between in efforts to ransom foreign hostages, told the

2744: 209: 25806: 10914:

commandments of Allah should devout Muslims even consider disobeying. 'O you who have believed, obey Allah and obey the Messenger and those in authority among you. '

8677: 7859:

at his home in Buenos Aires, one day before he was scheduled to report on his findings, with supposedly incriminating evidence against high-ranking officials of the

5185:

and Somali group l-Itihad al-Islami (AIAI). AIAI sought to create an Islamic government over Somalia and the Ogaden region in Ethiopia. In Kenya, it recruited among

4881:, although ISIS received funding from Qatar, Kuwait and other Gulf oil states, "traditional criminal techniques like kidnapping", are a key funding source for ISIS. 4630:(unbelief), stating that it "has no place in Islamic teaching and no justification can be provided for it, or any kind of excuses or ifs or buts." Iranian Ayatollah 3725:, notes: "There is a startling lack of study and concern regarding this abhorrent and dangerous text in almost all Western and Arab scholarship". Charlie Winter of 1549: 17219: 10287: 4083:

in 2008 found that suicide bombers were almost always single men without children aged 18 to 30 (with a mean age of 22), and were typically students or employed in

1959:

Office for Civil Rights and Civil Liberties issued a report titled "Terminology to Define the Terrorists: Recommendations from American Muslims", which opened with

22959: 20589: 12958: 12880: 9000: 7840:

fertilizer and fuel oil explosive mixture, into the Jewish Community Center building located in a densely constructed commercial area of Buenos Aires. Prosecutors

7832:(Argentine Israelite Mutual Association) building in Buenos Aires. It occurred on 18 July and killed 85 people and injured hundreds more. A suicide bomber drove a 6233:

The pattern of jihadist attacks in 2017 led Europol to conclude that terrorists preferred to attack people rather than causing property damage or loss of capital.

4455:(London) newspaper has pointed out that Jihadists were discovered by one source to have sought anonymity through some of the same dark networks used to distribute 4323:. The "classical jurists of Islam never remotely considered the kind of unprovoked, unannounced mass slaughter of uninvolved civil populations". In regard to the 4119:

conflict within Islamic countries between alpha and non-alpha males by bringing esteem to the latter's families and redirecting their violence towards out-groups.

3913: 3376: 1936:

explained why he used the term "terrorism" rather than "Islamic terrorism" in a 2016 townhall meeting saying, "There is no doubt, ... terrorist organizations like

26236: 18818: 16029: 15814: 13527: 13224: 3230: 22841: 21000: 18393: 18127: 9173: 6315: 3115:

Although bin Laden almost always emphasized the alleged oppression of Muslims by America and Jews when talking about the need for jihad in his messages, in his "

2349:. ISIS group members insist "they will not—cannot—waver from governing precepts that were embedded in Islam by the Prophet Muhammad and his earliest followers". 1745: 20504: 17495: 6459:

movement has amplified transnational contacts for the Islamist movements in Finland. A number of militants have arrived from the conflict zone in Syria and the

6339:, of the 135 individuals surveyed in connection with terrorism, there were 12 different nationalities. Of those 65% had Belgian citizenship and 33% were either 2865:, literally 'witness' and usually translated as 'martyr'). The idea being that the attacker died in order to testify his faith in God, for example while waging 25604: 22209: 15537: 14577: 10857: 3678:, not a special place in Hell; and the killing of Muslim bystanders (nevermind Non-Muslims), should not impede acts of jihad. Military and intelligent analyst 3202:), should be taken literally and everyone outside of their movement takfired; and Wahhabis has been known for their willingness to takfir non-Wahhabi Muslims. 18578: 15103: 13668: 9331: 7162:

Kurdish group has its roots in the predominantly Kurdish southeast of Turkey and among Kurds who migrated to the cities in Western Turkey. The members of the

6214:

The majority of deaths by terrorism in Europe from 2001 to 2014 were caused by Islamic terrorism, not including Islamic terrorist attacks in European Russia.

2083:

towards urban terrorism. These movements were secular in nature, though their international reach served to spread terrorist tactics worldwide. Moreover, the

20981: 17362: 16340: 15151: 14040: 7065:

and the organisation Charta 2008. A change in the activism occurred in the 2013–2014 time frame due to the number of Swedish citizens travelling to join the

6508:

The deadly attacks in 2015 in France changed the issue of Islamist radicalization from a security threat to also constitute a social problem. Prime minister

5163:

and a nearby shop owned by a Coptic man. Ten citizens and a police officer were killed around ten people were injured in the attack which was claimed by the

619: 20865: 18487: 13304: 10875: 5626:

The government blamed the IMU (Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan) for training those responsible for carrying out a suicide car bombing of a police station in

25888: 24944: 20635: 18471:

22 — the number of terror incidents on French soil since the beginning of 2015. / 249 — the number of dead in those attacks. / 928 — the number of wounded.

18192: 17392: 13036: 11789: 3954:

and Afghanistan, and lashing them, forcing men to grow beards under threat of a whip, chopping off hands, and so forth, have to do with US foreign policy?

3737: 2899:

and Israel, the technique of suicide bombing moved to Iraq, where the targets have included mosques and shrines, and the intended victims have mostly been

5644:

On 16 February 1999, six car bombs exploded in Tashkent, killing 16 and injuring more than 100, in what may have been an attempt to assassinate President

2213:

that was highly unpopular in some sections of the Muslim world) are thought to be crucial for the proliferation of Islamist terrorism in the next decade.

22826: 20484: 14594: 8932: 6767:

Politically and religiously motivated attacks on civilians in Russia have been traced to separatist sentiment among the largely Muslim population of its

6745: 6456: 6422: 6347: 6102: 4790:

An example of political kidnapping occurred in September 2014, in the Philippines. The German Foreign Ministry reported that the Islamist militant group

3822: 2767: 2697: 2154: 1142: 907: 20654: 18264: 18016: 17961: 16519: 15386: 13479: 12401: 12032: 9929: 5564:. From late October to mid-November 2021, the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) and the Islamic State organization carried out four bombing attacks across 4449:

Despite their proclaimed devotion to the virtue of Sharia law, Jihadists have not always avoided association with the pornography of the despised West.

17930: 16445: 14491: 7712: 3920:

from territory previously held by Muslim Indonesia; perceived U.S. approval or support of actions against Muslim insurgents in India, the Philippines,

3358: 18066:"Dschihadisten als Elitetruppe des Islams. Eine klare Ablehnung dieser Position durch islamische Verbände in Deutschland fehlt / Von Susanne Schröter" 18774: 17856: 14108: 9090:

Poljarevic, Emin (2021). "Theology of Violence-oriented Takfirism as a Political Theory: The Case of the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS)". In

8771: 7193:, was killed in action by Turkish police in Beykoz on 17 January 2000. Besides Hizbullah, other Islamic groups listed as a terrorist organization by 4484:—i.e. proclaim that some self-proclaimed Muslims (especially government officials and security personnel) are actually apostates deserving of death. 2026:, whereby they declared Muslim opponents to be unbelievers and therefore worthy of death, and also by their strong resemblance to contemporary ISIL. 16921: 16639: 16370: 7892:, the secular West, and Muslim governments such as Saudi Arabia, which it sees as insufficiently Islamic and too closely tied to the United States. 7049:

judged the number of jihadists in Sweden to be a threat against Denmark since two terrorists arriving from Sweden had already been sentenced in the

5673:

was arrested in the first half of 2004, and charged as the leader of a group that had carried out the 28 March bombing on behalf of Hizb ut-Tahrir.

3583:

Sadarat Kadri, during the last couple of centuries, incremental changes in Islamic legal doctrine (developed by Islamists who otherwise condemn any

24338: 24156: 22925: 20963: 19628: 17702: 15577: 10407: 4951: 4898: 20122:

And if there is one thing that ideologically and diametrically opposed Hezbollah and Israel agree on, it is Hezbollah's growing military strength.

19241: 17838: 15655: 11184:

The Taliban were responsible for 4,990 terrorist deaths in 2019, according to the Global Terrorism Index 2020, an 18 per cent decrease from 2018.

5659:

took part in the attacks, which mainly targeted police. The violence killed 33 militants, 10 policemen, and four civilians. The government blamed

25301: 24949: 24354: 21374: 19012: 18921: 15334: 15006: 9862: 7692: 4645:

movement) who were gathered for a convention denounced suicide attacks and beheadings as un-Islamic in a unanimous resolution. On 2 July 2013 in

4495:, "the godfather of the Afghan jihad", for example, was an Islamic scholar and university professor who avoided takfir and preached unity in the 3268:, targeted not only police and government officials but also civilians, killing or wounding 1106 persons in one particularly bloody year (1993). 3064:

The enmity towards non-Muslims among Islamist militants, leaders and scholars is driven by theological beliefs that deem Christians and Jews as "

20109: 19135:

Finansiella aktiviteter kopplade till personer från Sverige och Danmark som anslutit sig till terrorgrupper i Syrien och Irak mellan 2013 – 2016

18885: 18792: 18694: 12230: 7860: 5808:

organization most active in South Asian countries of Pakistan, Bangladesh and India since the early 1990s. It was banned in Bangladesh in 2005.

5268:

During the night of Sunday 29 May 2016 and the following morning, several gunshots were fired at the French Embassy located in the capital city

4363:".... But if they repent and fulfill their devotional obligations and pay the zakat, then let them go their way, for God is forgiving and kind." 3181:), without great care and usually reserved the punishment of death for "extreme, persistent and aggressive" proponents of religious innovation ( 26483: 25994: 20020: 19474: 18280:

More than 500 Belgians have left for Syria since 2012 and most of them, according to Belgian and U.S. officials, have been of Moroccan descent.

16185: 15075: 11424:... money that brought Wahabis power throughout the Arab world and financed networks of fundamentalist schools from Sudan to northern Pakistan. 7810: 7217: 7206: 6808: 6648: 4088: 3072:

due to its secular values and practices, which are viewed as contrary to Islamic principles. These include issues such as the proliferation of

1625: 578: 15489: 9774: 3379:, analyzes a sample of 30 works by jihadist propagandists for references to Islamic scripture that justifies the objectives of violent jihad. 26014: 25359: 24514: 24100: 20894: 20279: 16760: 7330:, and dedicated to waging jihad to eliminate the state of Israel. It was formed by Palestinian Fathi Shaqaqi in the Gaza Strip following the 6354:. The majority of those who went to the Syria in the 2012-2016 time span were of Moroccan descent according to U.S. and Belgian authorities. 5041: 4972:, "Hamas has recognized the pull such incidents have over the Israeli psyche and clearly has moved to grab hostages in incidents such as the 4882: 3991:

Seth Schwartz, Curitis Dunkel and Alan Waterman found two types of "personal identities" susceptible to radicalization leading to terrorism:

2060: 2012:, according to some, started from an essentially political position but developed extreme doctrines that set them apart from both mainstream 1956: 1645: 1268: 1113: 19426: 19370: 16842: 11403: 7108:, the bombing would likely have killed between 30 and 40 people had it succeeded, and it is thought that al-Abdaly operated with a network. 3596:

The first or the "classical" doctrine of jihad which was developed towards the end of the 8th century, emphasized the "jihad of the sword" (

2632:

Any interpretation of the Quran from a historical, contextual perspective is a corruption, and that the majority of Islamic history and the

2169:

The year 1979 is widely considered a turning point in the rise of religiously motivated radicalism in the Muslim world. Several events (the

25153: 24980: 24934: 24144: 16496: 15042: 12991: 12932: 12847: 9481:

Ibn Warraq (2017). "9 The First Terrorists? Kharijites, Violence, and the Demand for the Purification of Islam of Its Unpious Accretions".

7307:(September 2000 through August 2005) 39.9 percent of the suicide attacks were carried out by Hamas. The first Hamas suicide attack was the 7267:("zeal" in Arabic and an acronym for Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya) grew in power and began attacks on military and civilian targets in 5300: 5079: 5061: 3198:

Kepel noted that some of Qutb's early followers believed that his declaration that the Muslim world has reverted to pre-Islamic ignorance (

1026: 19825: 18845: 18671: 18458: 18319: 16564: 15757: 15435: 14737: 13557: 9554: 7660:

in which 18 Al-Qaeda-inspired cell members were arrested for planning a mass bombing, shooting, and hostage taking terror plot throughout

5968:, also known as al-Harakat al-Islamiyya, is one of several militant Islamic-separatist groups based in and around the southern islands of 4794:

had kidnapped two German nationals and was threatening to kill them unless the German government withdraw its support for the war against

26627: 26009: 25183: 22856: 19273: 16068: 15791: 13991: 12189: 8258: 7707:

Between 1993 and 2001, the major attacks or attempts against U.S. interests stemmed from militant Islamic jihad extremism except for the

7399: 6744:

In 2015, the terrorist threat level was zero, on its scale which has four levels plus the "zero level". About 20–40 Polish nationals had

5746: 3654:. The category of jihad which is considered to be a collective obligation is sometimes simplified as "offensive jihad" in Western texts. 3309:), "has been responsible for 27,947 terrorist deaths", the majority of these have been Muslims, "because it has regarded them as kafir". 1738: 1640: 704: 17193: 14946: 12343: 12156: 11705: 6594:

groups, compared with Belgium's 470 and Sweden's 300 such individuals in the same period from their much smaller populations. Since the

4531:

Evidence that more religious training may lead to less extremism has been found in Egypt. That country's largest radical Islamic group,

3316:, which dedicated "dozens of pages ... to attacking and explaining the necessity of killing Shia", who the group refers to by the label 3226: 3222: 26488: 26178: 25965: 25682: 25677: 24688: 24427: 19594: 18604: 16003: 13475: 12552: 8495: 7848:

militia of carrying it out. The prosecution claimed that Argentina had been targeted by Iran after Buenos Aires' decision to suspend a

6414: 5354: 3600:) rather than the "jihad of the heart", but it contained many legal restrictions which were developed from interpretations of both the 2996:), explains away mass killing in part by the fact that even "if the whole umma perishes they would all be martyrs". Similarly, author 1194: 283: 19142: 17424: 16542: 11452: 8402:

in prison and "died before he could fully explain his theories" and clear up "his use of the term jahiliyya and its dire consequence,

26004: 22930: 22846: 20462: 20230: 20156: 18293: 11312:, American anger at the kingdom led the U.S. government to demand controls on Saudi largesse to Islamic groups that funded terrorism. 11301: 9906: 7490: 7296: 7069:. He also stated that some of the loudest activists have withdrawn from public debate after being exposed for harassing women in the 5755:

was formed sometime in 1998, and gained prominence in 2001. The organization was officially banned in February 2005 after attacks on

3682:

described the new interpretation of jihad as the "willful targeting of civilians by a non-state actor through unconventional means."

2778:

Saudi text that "instructs students that it is a religious obligation to do 'battle' against infidels in order to spread the faith".

2770:

many billions, not only through the Saudi government but through Islamic organizations, religious charities, and private sources, on

1635: 20394: 19713: 17544: 16959: 14131: 13921: 12122: 5853:. The Lashkar leadership describes Indian and Israel regimes as the main enemies of Islam and Pakistan. Lashkar-e-Toiba, along with 4594:, an author on comparative religion, argued that extremists have hijacked Islam, just as has occurred periodically in Christianity, 25369: 24127: 22947: 20825: 19292: 17455: 14397: 13023: 9431: 8959: 7552: 7194: 7046: 6533:

France has a strong cultural tradition in comics, which in the context of Muhammad cartoons is a question of freedom of expression.

6361:. It has also been the place where some Islamist militants developed militant views before going to the Middle East to fight with 5988:) where for almost 30 years various Muslim groups have been engaged in an insurgency for a state, independent of the predominantly 3938:

argue that in many cases there is simply no connection between acts of Islamic extremism and Western intervention in Muslim lands.

2072: 1278: 20785: 19923: 17006: 16981: 16311: 9800: 7829: 7473:. They maintain strong support among Lebanon's Shi'a population, and gained a surge of support from Lebanon's broader population ( 4782:

as a method of fundraising, as a means of bargaining for political concessions, and as a way of intimidating potential opponents.

3471:, Al-Qaeda believes its attacks are religiously justified. After its first attack on a US target that killed civilians instead (a 3191:), was that "used wrongly or unrestrainedly, ... Muslims might resort to mutually excommunicating one another and thus propel the 26637: 25999: 25206: 24683: 24615: 23556: 22910: 22831: 18722: 17026: 7987: 7702: 7198: 7163: 5222:, shooting and throwing grenades at shoppers. The civilian death toll was 61, along with six soldiers and five of the attackers. 5075: 2629:

Muslims should interpret the original sources individually without being bound to follow the interpretations of Islamic scholars.

2596:... which is deliberately undermining Islam (pursuing a "well-thought-out scheme" to "demolish the structure of Muslim society"); 1630: 1125: 709: 17650: 16422: 9404: 5414:

A study from June 2021 by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) estimates that nearly 350,000 have been killed by the

699: 26583: 26211: 23561: 22851: 21799: 21582:"ATACURI PUŢIN COSTISITOARE, COMPLOTURI IMPERCEPTIBILE? PREZENTARE GENERALĂ PRIVIND CARACTERUL ECONOMIC AL TERORISMULUI ACTUAL" 17492:"Speech by the Prime Minister the Rt Hon Tony Blair MP to the Confederation of Indian Industry Bangalore, India 5 January 2002" 17234: 16238: 14810: 13102: 12005: 8131: 7653: 6611:

because in Italy, unlike in other Western European countries, many radicalized Muslims are first-generation immigrants without

4826: 3851: 3475:), Al Qaeda justified the killing of civilian bystanders through an interpretation (by one Abu Hajer) based on medieval jurist 3467:

While Islamic opponents of attacks on civilians have quoted numerous prophetic hadith and hadith by Muhammad's first successor

3172: 2611:

A belief that Muslims have deviated from true Islam and must return to "pure Islam" as originally practiced during the time of

2245: 1731: 737: 674: 240: 23888: 20566: 19150:

Nuvarande beteendemönster präglas framförallt av innovativ insamlingsverksamhet och utnyttjande av de statliga bidragssystemen

17684: 14272: 13596: 11511: 11151: 9721: 6307: 5377:

Mozambique has seen an Islamist insurgency and terror attacks, by Ansar al-Sunna and ISIL, starting with October 2017, in the

5035:

In the 1990s, a distinct pattern of jihadist attacks in East Africa emerged. In 2006, the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) defeated

4487:

Furthermore, the more learned salafi-jihadi thinkers and leaders are (and were), the more reluctance they are/were to embrace

3336:

Yazidi women and children divided according to the Shariah amongst the fighters of the Islamic State who participated in the

25645: 25324: 25217: 25098: 24016: 22861: 22818: 21746: 21713: 21691: 21667: 21639: 21562: 21540: 21516: 21472: 21451: 21432: 21413: 21384: 21363: 21344: 21317: 21296: 21277: 21248: 21208: 21185: 21162: 21141: 21120: 21087: 20613: 20535: 19988: 18033: 17978: 17911: 16905: 15974: 15637: 15310: 14989: 14236: 14199: 14080: 13958: 13872: 13616: 13434: 13400: 13373: 13204: 13044: 12860: 12758: 12537: 12455: 12322: 12293: 12266: 11831: 11764: 11715: 11688: 11612: 11494: 11382: 11341: 11285: 11134: 11095: 11047: 10996: 10841: 10814: 10784: 10461: 10348: 9995: 9518: 9490: 9204: 9129: 9030: 8848: 8609: 8523: 6560: 6448: 3814: 3575:

Some observers have noted the evolution in the rules of jihad—from the original "classical" doctrine to that of 21st-century

3337: 3248:), kidnapped and later killed an Islamic scholar and former Egyptian government minister Muhammad al-Dhahabi. The founder of 2376: 1233: 21008: 18166: 15121: 9229: 8823: 3357:(monotheism)". The Taliban were found "to be "a 'nationalist' movement, all too tolerant" of Shia. In 2015 ISIL "pronounced 26670: 26563: 26553: 25860: 25843: 21738: 17327: 13802: 10962: 8050: 7999: 7744: 7292: 7237: 7128: 7066: 6996: 6926: 6801: 6452: 5973: 5164: 5127:

is active in Burkina Faso and has conducted assassinations, looting, attacks on police and has closed hundreds of schools.

4775: 3306: 2752: 2464: 2342: 2284: 1603: 1586: 664: 659: 541: 10936: 8694: 7303:. It is banned in Jordan. Russia does not consider Hamas a terrorist group as it was "democratically elected". During the 4947:

Boko Haram has been described as using kidnapping as a means of intimidating the civilian population into non-resistance.

4180:

when Haldane quipped that he would not sacrifice his life for his brother but would for "two brothers or eight cousins").

2954:"The Americans love Pepsi-Cola, we love death." (Afghan jihadist Maulana Inyadullah addressing a British reporter in 2001) 26598: 26573: 25872: 25344: 25294: 25072: 21733: 21610: 19448: 17215: 17148: 16816: 16260: 15279: 8746: 8125: 7319: 7288: 5821: 5477: 5201: 5000: 4634:

has preached against suicide attacks and stated in an interview: "Terror in Islam, and especially Shiite, is forbidden."

4071:

has found that among Islamic suicide terrorists, 97 percent were unmarried and 84 percent were male (or if excluding the

3892: 3441:–who Islamists despise–view jihad as defensive and compatible with modern standards of warfare. To justify their acts of 3404:

Holbrook notes that the first part "slay the idolaters ..." is oft quoted but not the limiting factors at the end of the

1253: 1130: 951: 775: 679: 669: 573: 20745: 19162: 19045:"Un hombre mata a un sacristán y deja al menos cuatro heridos en un ataque con arma blanca en dos iglesias de Algeciras" 16037: 15951: 15822: 14328: 9382: 6921:. The most prominent jihadist presence was the province of Barcelona. In 2013 and 2014 there were cells associated with 5070:, active in Algeria between 1992 and 1998, was one of the most violent Islamic terrorist groups, and is thought to have 26543: 26524: 24929: 24640: 23330: 23246: 19686: 18982: 17866: 16702: 14721: 13514: 13232: 8233: 8208: 7793: 7680: 7548: 7085: 7045:

stated that the number of violent Islamic extremists residing in Sweden to number was estimated to be "thousands". The

6575:

and thwarted terrorist plots where at least one of the perpetrators had entered Germany as an asylum seeker during the

5900: 5309:

were Moroccans. In the aftermath of that attack, Morocco became a focus of attention for anti-terrorist authorities in

5246: 4848:

describes kidnapped hostages as "an easy spoil... which I may describe as a profitable trade and a precious treasure."

4598:

and other religions throughout history. He added that the real problem is that extremists do not know their own faith.

4548: 4020: 3897: 3793: 2249: 1066: 654: 23942: 21584:[Low Cost Attacks, Imperceptible Plots? General Presentation on the Economic Character of Current Terrorism]. 20615: 18401: 18138: 17723: 10074: 9160: 8335: 26622: 26498: 26130: 25687: 25148: 24832: 24582: 24432: 24346: 24180: 23506: 23498: 22713: 22667: 22327: 22321: 18995: 16715: 16161: 14841: 14442: 13280: 13128: 11978: 11019: 8690: 7489:, and are able to mobilize demonstrations of hundreds of thousands. Hezbollah along with some other groups began the 7443: 7421: 7336: 7029:

extremist environment. According to the Swedish Defence University, most of these militants were affiliated with the

6058: 5779: 5226: 4973: 4845: 1997: 1710: 629: 547: 19403:*German Jihad: On the Internationalisation of Islamist Terrorism by Guido Steinberg. Columbia University Press, 2013 18231: 16215: 14630: 12214:

Abul Ala Mawdudi (1 January 1994). "Chapter one. The Problem of the Apostate's Execution from a Legal Perspective".

11304:, and various royal charities such as the Popular Committee for Assisting the Palestinian Muhahedeen, led by Prince 8874: 7864: 6732:

In 2012, two men were sentenced in Oslo to seven and a half years in jail for an attack against Mohammad-cartoonist

4382:, none of Qutbism's main theoreticians trained at Islam's recognized centers of learning. Although a devout Muslim, 3523:

by first destroying "vital economic and strategic targets" and terrifying the enemy with cruelty to break its will.

2305:) to a struggle against "U.S./Western/Jewish aggression, oppression, and exploitation of Muslim lands and peoples". 25592: 25486: 25339: 25123: 25067: 25062: 25015: 25000: 24985: 24386: 24294: 22584: 22440: 21975: 21871: 20200: 19891: 19780: 19636: 19141:. Swedish Defence University / Centrum för asymmetriska hot- och terrorismstudier (CATS). p. 1. Archived from 17079: 14542: 9313: 8113: 8032: 7517: 7259: 7247: 6898: 6882: 6555:

In 2020 two Islamic terrorist attacks were foiled by authorities, bringing the total to 33 since 2017 according to

6502:

reported on 26 July 2016 that "Islamist Terrorism" had caused 236 dead in France in the preceding 18-month period.

6325: 5292: 4123: 3630:, "whose discretion over its conduct was all but absolute." (This was designed in part to avoid incidents like the 1458: 1248: 1061: 20985: 19188: 17366: 16348: 15163: 14916: 12978: 12906: 9453: 6379:

in France were coordinated and planned from Belgium. The overall leader of that terrorist cell was believed to be

4264:

Studying 300 cases of people charged with jihadist terrorism in the United States since 11 September 2001, author

694: 25572: 25491: 25403: 24939: 24693: 24488: 24190: 23566: 23068: 22884: 20051: 19103: 19076: 17806: 17238: 14707: 13259: 12229:

Schirrmacher, Christine (2020). "Leaving Islam". In Enstedt, Daniel; Larsson, Göran; Mantsinen, Teemu T. (eds.).

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To this day, the regime funds numerous international organizations to spread fundamentalist Islam, including the

11186: 8785: 7975: 7403: 7105: 6604: 5760: 5759:, but struck back in August when 300 bombs were detonated almost simultaneously throughout Bangladesh, targeting 5752: 5212: 5124: 5117: 5106: 5091: 4257:, argue that many of the Islamic terrorists are foolish and untrained, perhaps even untrainable, with one in two 4148: 3506: 2571:

In his manifesto (called "one of the most influential works in Arabic of the last half century"), Qutb preached:

2141:'s 1983 campaign of coordinated terrorist attacks against American, French and Israeli military installations in 1829:

Justifications given for attacks on civilians by Islamic extremist groups come from their interpretations of the

1463: 1312: 1056: 1051: 634: 19867: 19047:[A man kills a sexton and leaves at least four wounded in a blade attack in two churches in Algeciras]. 18634: 18205: 16127: 15257: 11651: 10186: 9651: 6505:

In the 2015–2018 timespan in France, 249 people were killed and 928 wounded in a total of 22 terrorist attacks.

4244:

in Saudi Arabia. Despite their accomplishments, they had little standing in the host societies where they lived.

2973:

Al-Qaeda justification for the killing of civilian bystanders following its first attack (see above) based on a

26610: 26590: 26276: 26171: 25577: 25386: 25287: 25128: 25082: 25020: 24887: 24529: 23551: 23454: 23304: 23133: 22691: 22589: 21501: 19966: 15515: 14540:; Thayer, Bradley (2010). "Sex and the Shaheed: Insights from the Life Sciences on Islamic Suicide Terrorism". 14149: 13319: 11918: 11297: 8238: 8119: 8041: 7957: 7781: 7761: 7698: 7123:, drove a truck down a pedestrian area in Stockholm and killed five people and injured dozens of others in the 7057:

has argued that efforts to improve anti-terror legislation has been hampered by human rights activists such as

6988: 6902: 6863: 6819:, as well as in Russia proper including Moscow. Responsibility for most of these attacks was claimed by either 6687: 6635:, with 13 individuals from Albania, 14 from Kosovo and 12 from Macedonia. A smaller group were from Asia, with 6490: 6321: 5927: 5923: 5190: 4515: 3502: 3422: 3276: 3256:, and had become one of Qutb's "most radical" disciples. He believed that not only was the Egyptian government 1295: 1187: 1120: 956: 688: 532: 18520: 17348: 15356: 14505: 13323: 10221:"The Role of Islamist Ideology in Shaping Muslims Believers' Attitudes toward Terrorism: Evidence from Europe" 8372:

Kepel wrote that "the modern Islamist movement" was "rebuilt" around "the ideas" of Qutb, rebuilt because the

7225: 5316:

While Morocco is generally seen as a secure destination for tourists as the last terrorist attack happened in

4367:

showing how they are (Holbrook argues) "shamelessly selective in order to serve their propaganda objectives."

1856:

against Muslims; the belief that many self-proclaimed Muslims have violated Islamic law and are disbelievers (

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In April 2018, EU anti-terror coordinator estimated there to be 50,000 radicalized Muslims living in Europe.

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Researcher Donald Holbrook notes that while many jihadists quote the beginning of the famous sword verse (or

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groups has been the "sanctioning" of "violence against leaders" of Muslim majority states who do not enforce

3137: 3116: 3001: 2891:), while the tactic has spread through the Muslim world "with astonishing speed and on a surprising course". 2579:

law ("even more necessary than the establishment of the Islamic belief", without which Islam does not exist);

2210: 2198: 1598: 25374: 16101: 13076: 12591: 10142: 6496:

In the 1990–2010 time span, France experienced repeated attacks linked to international jihadist movements.

6331:

Belgium has a population of 11 million including large numbers of immigrants from Muslim countries. 100,000

5436:

is a militant jihadist terrorist group based in East Africa, which emerged in 2006 as the youth wing of the

1283: 26675: 26431: 25923: 25848: 25435: 25138: 25030: 24577: 23965: 23053: 23030: 22650: 22506: 22496: 22402: 22113: 20135:"Security council endorses secretary-general's conclusion on Israeli withdrawal from Lebanon as of 16 June" 20024: 19785: 18096:"El coordinador antiterrorista de la UE: "Lo de Barcelona volverá a pasar, hay 50.000 radicales en Europa"" 17779:"Paris attack: Isis warns 'This is just the beginning' after killing at least 127 people in French capital" 15412: 13133: 11568: 10885: 7908: 7556: 7364: 6789: 6776: 6399:

activities in Europe's Francophone area as a single, French-Belgian junction of ISIS activity and attacks.

5959: 5885:

Some major bomb blasts and attacks in India were perpetrated by Islamic militants from Pakistan, e.g., the

5714: 5512: 5160: 3888: 2760: 2670: 1591: 1344: 1046: 317: 25430: 20430: 17918:

The London think tank, International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence (ICSR)

15731: 15630:

Global Jihad and the Tactic of Terror Abduction: A Comprehensive Review of Islamic Terrorist Organizations

9535: 9254:

Jackson, Richard (2007). "Constructing Enemies: 'Islamic Terrorism' in Political and Academic Discourse".

4273:" to militant Islam that often was "precipitated by personal disappointment, like the death of a parent". 2479:

groups has "almost no" influence beyond Afghanistan, Pakistan and Indian.) Another sect/movement known as

1339: 26665: 26493: 26382: 25902: 25838: 25729: 25524: 25519: 25455: 25198: 25077: 24842: 24608: 24166: 23739: 23486: 23481: 23155: 23020: 22836: 22604: 22397: 21832: 17706: 16929: 16378: 15100: 14656: 13268: 10403: 7945: 7657: 7573:

refugee camp in northern Lebanon. It was formed in November 2006, by fighters who broke off from the pro-

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The scholarly credentials of the ideologues of extremism are also "questionable". Dale C. Eikmeier notes

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than most of the world causes them to have larger populations susceptible to suicide terrorism, and that

4072: 3969: 3872: 2662: 2241: 1581: 1396: 1391: 1364: 1108: 966: 961: 428: 397: 326: 115: 20945: 20614:

United States. Federal Bureau of Investigation; Terrorist Research and Analytical Center (U.S.) (2007).

19661: 18095: 17119: 15902: 15708: 15584: 11683:. Routledge Studies in Modern History. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY: Routledge. pp. 145–146. 9598:"Nasser's Pan-Arab Radicalism and the Saudi Drive for Islamic Solidarity : A Response for Security" 6485:

France had its first occurrences with religious extremism in the 1980s due to French involvement in the

1794:

Since at least the 1990s, Islamist terrorist incidents have occurred around the world and targeted both

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Terrorism, Political Violence, and Extremism: New Psychology to Understand, Face, and Defuse the Threat

13592: 12658: 12386: 9582: 8555: 8243: 8223: 7814: 7747:, shot and murdered 49 people and wounded more than 50 in a gay nightclub, Pulse, in Orlando, Florida. 7708: 7676: 7348: 7242:

The area that has seen some of the worst terror attacks in modern history has been Iraq as part of the

7221: 6976: 6878: 6700: 6692: 6336: 6147: 5896: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5306: 4985: 4748: 4391: 4076: 3947: 3750: 2005: 1537: 1273: 1263: 1021: 742: 230: 215: 17882: 17750: 15018: 13763: 13156: 12809: 12775: 9876: 9357: 9298: 9052: 7844:

and Marcelo Martínez Burgos formally accused the government of Iran of directing the bombing, and the

6357:

Belgium has been the base of operations for a number of terrorist attacks in the 2010s, including the

4913:

that demand from ISIS was for 100 million ($ 132.5). In September 2014, following the release of ISIS

624: 26405: 26164: 25752: 25616: 25599: 25440: 25334: 25010: 24959: 24852: 24031: 23377: 22995: 22696: 22525: 22221: 22001: 21964: 18342: 13894:

Andrew Whitehead, "Does Poverty Cause Terrorism?", Homeland Security Policy Institute, 21 August 2007

13604: 12566: 8183: 8143: 7921: 7849: 7716: 7609: 7081: 6906: 6775:, where the central government of the Russian Federation has waged two bloody wars against the local 6600: 6249: 6080: 5871: 5870:. Jaish-e-Mohammed is viewed by some as the "deadliest" and "the principal terrorist organization in 5785: 5699: 5670: 5444: 5358: 5145: 4532: 4220: 3988: 3472: 3353:

Starting in 2013, Daesh began "encouraging takfir of Muslims deemed insufficiently pure in regard of

3265: 3218: 2455:.—have been associated with violence against civilians. Of the three, only Salafi Islam—specifically 1890: 1799: 1497: 1349: 1243: 1180: 1076: 939: 644: 422: 413: 20028: 19505: 15387:"Man of faiths: Preeminent religion scholar Huston Smith reflects on Judaism and Chasing the Divine" 15079: 11576:. Center for Religious Freedom of Freedom House with the Institute for Gulf Affairs. 2006. p. 9 10392:

International Crisis Group. "Understanding Islamism." Middle East Report, no. 37 (2 March 2005). 2.

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arm the Muslim youth with full confidence in the supremacy of the Islamic system over other systems.

6129: 4686:

Islamic terrorism sometimes employs the hijacking of passenger vehicles. The most infamous were the

2079:

across Latin America, North Africa and Southeast Asia, motivated the Palestinians to turn away from

26098: 25972: 25704: 25582: 25559: 25230: 24954: 24407: 24021: 23581: 23541: 23150: 22879: 22703: 22476: 22014: 21622: 20134: 17331: 16665:"Manan Fakhoo assassination: an investigator offers the status of "star witness" to Yassiin Meetou" 14664: 13641: 12618:"Exploring Takfir, Its Origins and Contemporary Use: The Case of Takfiri Approach in Daesh's Media" 11216: 11035: 11031: 10116: 9156: 7771: 7728: 7539: 7498: 7461:

Hezbollah, which started with only a small militia, has grown to an organization with seats in the

7140: 7038: 7022: 6940: 6870:. In the 1995–2003 period, slightly over 100 people were arrested for offences related to militant 6797: 6652: 6624: 6260: 5719: 5489: 5113: 5095: 4906: 4852: 4740: 4713: 4468: 3152: 2895:

First the targets were American soldiers, then mostly Israelis, including women and children. From

2876: 2338: 2294: 1678: 13272: 8936: 7652:

According to recent government statements, Islamic terrorism is the biggest threat to Canada. The

6350:, the majority of whom joined the Islamic State with others joining the al-Qaida-affiliated group 4394:

was an electrician. Ayman al-Zawahiri is a physician. Osama bin Laden trained to be a businessman.

3433:

imposes, without limit of time or space, the duty to subjugate non-Muslims, (according to Lewis).

2391:

and terrorists, exploiting the extreme economic difficulties faced by people in countries such as

2334:

also added that Western politicians should stop pretending that extremism is not linked to Islam.

26441: 26421: 26352: 26201: 26135: 26110: 25986: 25425: 25158: 23664: 23576: 23571: 23531: 23461: 23013: 21887: 21649: 21240: 20902: 19434: 19367: 19214: 17174: 15062: 14776: 12001: 11411: 10011: 8593: 8515: 8487: 7951: 7856: 7672: 7352: 7308: 7101: 6696: 6612: 6576: 6245: 6146:

Lethal attacks on civilians in Europe which have been credited to Islamist terrorism include the

5639: 5615: 5591: 5102: 4894: 4621: 4184: 4064: 4040: 3275:, takfir of the general Algerian public was known to have been declared by the hardline Islamist 3133: 3040: 3000:

has described the chat room reaction of a Taliban supporter to his (Rizvi's) condemnation of the

2440: 1715: 1690: 1334: 768: 600: 465: 342: 332: 105: 53: 23689: 22041: 19521: 15039: 12470: 8491: 7390:

may contain an excessive amount of intricate detail that may interest only a particular audience

6141:

Planned and foiled Jihadist terror attacks in Europe. Numbers for 2017 and 2018 are preliminary.

3731:

describes it as a "theological playbook used to justify the group's abhorrent acts". He states:

3445:, jihadist individuals and networks resort to the nonbinding genre of Islamic legal literature ( 3264:

and Al-Qaeda. During the 1990s, a violent Islamic insurgency in Egypt, primarily perpetrated by

3056:

almost invariably described his enemies as aggressive and his action against them as defensive.

2781:

Wahhabi-friendly works distributed for free "financed by petroleum royalties" included those of

26367: 26115: 25757: 25650: 25638: 25567: 25476: 25471: 25408: 25258: 25193: 25113: 24660: 24601: 24105: 23819: 23744: 23601: 23511: 23449: 23267: 23239: 23165: 23094: 23063: 23003: 21985: 21980: 21898: 20684: 20231:"Jewish Leaders Applaud Hezbollah Terror Designation by France | Jewish & Israel News" 20072: 19836: 18194:

These circumstances contributes to private businesses having difficulties operating in the area

16312:"Mass funeral to be held for Helwan church victims: Coptic Orthodox Church – Egypt Independent" 14741: 13725: 13390: 11333: 10800: 8906: 7981: 7739:

One of the worst mass shootings in U.S. history was committed by a Muslim against LGBT people.

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Jihadists were present in Spain from 1994, when an al-Qaeda cell was established. In 1996, the

6389: 6253: 6155: 5948: 5805: 5778:

is an Islamic extremist organization in Bangladesh, implicated in crimes including some brutal

5767: 5534:. Thirty-eight people were killed, the majority of whom were tourists from the United Kingdom. 5501: 5366: 5350:, which along with other fighters from MENA countries contributed a significant force to ISIS. 5346:

Moroccans and 2000 Moroccan-Europeans had travelled to join the Islamic State caliphate in the

5317: 4822: 4732: 4724: 4690:

attacks that killed nearly 3,000 people on a single day in 2001, effectively ending the era of

4536: 4439: 4116: 3961: 3511: 3429:

states that ultimately Jihad ends when the entire world is brought under Islamic rule and law.

3238: 3119:", he answered the question, "What are we calling you to, and what do we want from you?" with: 2988: 2677:(The Neglected Duty), cited a fatwa issued in 1303 CE by the celebrated strict medieval jurist 2666: 2424: 2076: 1778: 1695: 1502: 1448: 1443: 1317: 879: 832: 554: 510: 245: 194: 140: 61: 37: 25544: 17901: 13995: 13424: 12748: 12310: 12148: 11944: 11604: 11087: 11039: 9700: 7711:. On 11 September 2001, nearly 3,000 people were killed in New York City, Washington, DC, and 7592:, and the group itself has been described as a terrorist movement that draws inspiration from 5044:

noted an increased frequency of jihadist violence in an arc extending across borders from the

4315:

argues that although bin Laden and other radical Islamists claim they are fighting to restore

4087:. In addition to noting that countries where polygyny is widely practiced tend to have higher 4011:, made an "intensive study of biographical data on 172 participants in the jihad" in his book 3589:(innovation) in religion), have "normalized" what was once "unthinkable". "The very idea that 3140:(conservative Sudi scholar who supported the 9/11 attacks), and a number of Salafi preachers, 2797:

The "root cause" of Muslim terrorism is extremist ideology, according to Pakistani theologian

1416: 26293: 25979: 25895: 25801: 25747: 25626: 25539: 25398: 25381: 25329: 25310: 25268: 25188: 25025: 24545: 24422: 24208: 23674: 23471: 23111: 23089: 21908: 21785: 21681: 20732: 18943: 17931:"Criminal Pasts, Terrorist Futures: European Jihadists and the New Crime-Terror Nexus / ICSR" 17197: 16895: 14958: 14485: 12445: 12351: 11374: 11328:

Inside the Kingdom: Kings, Clerics, Modernists, Terrorists, and the Struggle for Saudi Arabia

11305: 10986: 10451: 10301: 9705: 9022: 8577: 8193: 8065: 7190: 7004: 6932:

In 2017, a terrorist cell based in the province of Barcelona carried out the vehicle-ramming

6719: 6671:

on 2 November 2004. Dutch filmmaker and political activist Theo van Gogh was assassinated by

6074: 5912: 5656: 5555: 5543: 5415: 5398: 5276: 5074:

the Muslim population of Algeria. Its campaign to overthrow the Algerian government included

5019:", used by various Islamist organizations since the late 1990s, consists of a white-on-black 4955: 4703: 4578: 4320: 4254: 4250: 3864: 3818: 3722: 3563: 2233: 2063:(PFLP) began to target civilians outside the immediate arena of conflict. Following Israel's 1544: 1492: 1411: 1307: 1290: 1238: 1215: 1016: 976: 347: 185: 160: 19602: 16156:. Strazzari, Francesco,, Institute for Security Studies (Paris, France). Paris. p. 47. 15903:"ISIS Has Been Taking Foreign Hostages Since The Very Beginning – And Getting Paid For Them" 13696: 12105: 10831: 9958: 9666:"Rise and Kill First The Secret History of Israel: Targeted Assassinations by Ronen Bergman" 6425:. They started leaving in the 2012-13 time span and the male-female ratio was about 80-20%. 6005:("Swordsmith"). Since its inception in the early 1990s, the group has carried out bombings, 5279:

by hitmen riding a motorbike, Javed Meetoo, a resident of Vallee Pitôt and member of Daesh (

26519: 26324: 26266: 26206: 26120: 26105: 26061: 26044: 25937: 25764: 25724: 25709: 25692: 25621: 25611: 25445: 25420: 25415: 25005: 24862: 24811: 24635: 24447: 24417: 24223: 24218: 23980: 23734: 23606: 22778: 22685: 22630: 18322:. The International Centre for Counter-Terrorism - The Hague (ICCT). April 2016. p. 44 17432: 14598: 13907: 13365: 13196: 12285:

Theology and Creed in Sunni Islam: The Muslim Brotherhood, Ash'arism, and Political Sunnism

11734: 11309: 11003:

Well before the full emergence of Islamism in the 1970s, a growing constituency nicknamed '

9867: 8416: 8203: 8083: 8077: 8008: 7720: 7684: 6595: 6460: 6332: 5931: 5879: 5867: 5863: 5561: 5437: 5362: 5208: 5141:

Egypt has faced Islamist violence in repeated attacks since the 2011 Arab Spring uprising.

4687: 4658: 4507: 4492: 4401:

and Jane I. Smith (a professor of Islamic Studies) write that barring some extremists like

4379: 4324: 4308: 3693: 3345: 3217:(Islamic law) or are otherwise "deemed insufficiently religious". Some insurgent groups -- 2202: 1921: 1700: 1685: 1509: 1354: 1329: 1324: 996: 371: 255: 165: 110: 23719: 21234: 20460: 15872:"ISIS Uses Mafia Tactics to Fund Its Own Operations Without Help From Persian Gulf Donors" 9332:"Why the media needs to be more responsible for how it links Islam and Islamist terrorism" 7723:

organized by 19 al-Qaeda members and largely perpetrated by Saudi nationals, sparking the

7521:

significantly in military strength in the 2000s. Despite a June 2008 certification by the

7015: 6509: 6033:, spanning from east to west; the island of Mindanao, the Sulu Archipelago, the island of 3957: 3033:, among other historical conflicts between practitioners of the two respective religions. 3021:". Islamists (such as Qutb) often identify what they see as a historical struggle between 2957:"The world is but a passage ... what is called life in this world is not life but death" ( 2847:

by the media, but when done by Islamists their perpetrators generally call such an attack

2564:

Colonel Dale C. Eikmeier). Qutb is thought to be a major influence on Al-Qaeda #2 leader,

8: 26605: 26426: 26302: 26298: 26261: 26251: 25823: 25779: 25774: 25665: 25481: 25240: 24493: 24378: 23928: 23814: 23335: 23008: 22889: 22783: 22599: 22096: 21893: 21307: 20763: 20522: 20175: 18846:"The Foreign Fighters Phenomenon in the European Union. Profiles, Threats & Policies" 17839:"Islamists caused overwhelming majority of terrorist deaths in Europe during last decade" 17552: 15050: 14673: 11293: 11267: 9687:"Israeli Journalist Ronen Bergman Reveals Israel's Terrorist Bombing Campaign in Lebanon" 8601: 8188: 7776: 7732: 7647: 7156: 6960: 6894: 6867: 6793: 6760: 6708: 6636: 6476: 6346:

In 2016, Belgian researcher estimated that about 562 individuals had travelled to become

6046: 5886: 5664: 5531: 5505: 5493: 5067: 4934: 4562: 2852: 2798: 2763: 2618:

The path to that "pure Islam" is only through a literal and strict interpretation of the

2133: 2071:

was unable to defeat Israel in the battlefield. At the same time, lessons drawn from the

1566: 1524: 1519: 1453: 1147: 747: 684: 460: 312: 288: 190: 175: 150: 145: 49: 21764: 21581: 20817: 20397:. Asia Times Online Atimes.com. 20 July 2006. Archived from the original on 20 July 2006 16640:"Assassinat de Manan Fakhoo: Javed Meetoo inculpé sous le "Prevention of Terrorism Act"" 14602: 8543: 6275: 4553:

The opinions of Muslims on the subject of attacks on civilians by Islamist groups vary.

2240:

militia in Afghanistan has gained several characteristics traditionally associated with

26467: 26337: 25830: 25769: 25739: 25699: 25529: 25514: 25393: 25235: 25211: 25168: 24786: 24781: 24707: 24437: 24412: 24370: 24269: 24243: 23901: 23669: 23476: 23325: 23170: 23084: 22935: 22871: 22679: 22655: 22332: 22310: 22270: 22160: 22073: 22024: 21990: 21881: 21659: 21653: 21403: 20882:

El médico de Swiss Medical...no tenía dudas de que se trataba de una muerte violenta...

20795: 19927: 19896: 19497: 19350: 17246: 17106: 16179: 15040:

Author of No god but God: The Origins, Evolution and Future of Islam to speak on campus

14685: 14622: 14555: 14473: 14416: 14413:"The Roles of Operational Sex Ratio and Young-Old Ratio in Producing Suicide Attackers" 14354: 13673: 12696: 12639: 11513:

Saudi Arabia Enters The 21st Century: IV. Opposition and Islamic Extremism Final Review

11326: 11153:

Saudi Arabia Enters The 21st Century: IV. Opposition and Islamic Extremism Final Review

10354: 9633: 9625: 9279: 8198: 7631: 7620: 7331: 7312: 7300: 7170: 6948: 6890: 6853: 6628: 6620: 6486: 6295: 5817: 5693: 5583: 5459: 5234: 5194: 5176: 5136: 4968: 4857: 4728: 4691: 4638: 4613: 4319:

law to the Muslim world, their attacks on civilians violate the classical form of that

4165: 4127: 4084: 3925: 3847: 3519:), written by Abu Bakr Naji and intended to provide a strategy to create a new Islamic 3442: 3370: 3272: 3261: 3145: 3093: 2523: 2475:

sect is limited to attacks on alleged blasphemers in Pakistan, and the terrorism among

2396: 2182: 1573: 1514: 1401: 1386: 1302: 1135: 1081: 761: 403: 393: 357: 87: 57: 43: 20623:(2 ed.). U.S. Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. p. 43. 20049: 17266: 15463: 13749:

bin Laden in an interview with Hamid Mir, Pakistan, 18 March 1997. Quoted on p.230 of

11245: 7600:, and its primary targets are the Lebanese authorities, Israel and the United States. 3858:

Breaking down the content of Osama bin Laden's statements and interviews collected in

26436: 26357: 26221: 26093: 25930: 25224: 24857: 24698: 24524: 24362: 24274: 24253: 24248: 23975: 23794: 23754: 23729: 23704: 23694: 23637: 23411: 23345: 23232: 23140: 23045: 23035: 23025: 22708: 22594: 22546: 22389: 22300: 22061: 22051: 22046: 22036: 22031: 21864: 21752: 21742: 21719: 21709: 21687: 21663: 21635: 21593: 21568: 21558: 21536: 21512: 21497: 21478: 21468: 21462: 21447: 21428: 21409: 21390: 21380: 21359: 21340: 21323: 21313: 21292: 21273: 21254: 21244: 21204: 21197: 21181: 21174: 21158: 21137: 21116: 21109: 21083: 21030: 20846: 20410: 20104: 19948: 19802: 19753: 19733: 19682: 19653: 19501: 19325: 18991: 18239: 18029: 17974: 17907: 17862: 17703:"FBI updates most wanted terrorists and seeking information – War on Terrorism Lists" 17658: 17518: 17471: 17404: 16901: 16711: 16520:"Zafirr et Lubnaa Golamaully, deux ex-élèves de collèges d'élite devenus terroristes" 16239:"Egypt kills 40 suspected militants after tourist bus attack | DW | 29 December 2018" 16167: 16157: 15633: 15306: 14985: 14894: 14806: 14717: 14689: 14614: 14585: 14537: 14412: 14232: 14195: 14076: 13868: 13622: 13612: 13430: 13396: 13369: 13276: 13200: 13040: 12856: 12754: 12643: 12533: 12451: 12318: 12289: 12262: 11974: 11827: 11760: 11711: 11707:

Heaven on Earth: A Journey Through Shari'a Law from the Deserts of Ancient Arabia ...

11684: 11608: 11597: 11551:

The Islamist: Why I Joined Radical Islam in Britain, What I Saw Inside and Why I Left

11490: 11378: 11367: 11337: 11281: 11130: 11122: 11091: 11080: 11043: 11024: 10992: 10837: 10810: 10780: 10457: 10344: 10194: 10048: 9991: 9930:"You Shouldn't Blame Islam for Terrorism. Religion Isn't a Crucial Factor in Attacks" 9637: 9617: 9514: 9486: 9283: 9271: 9267: 9210: 9200: 9135: 9125: 9026: 8657: 8615: 8605: 8519: 8343: 8283: 8248: 8213: 8095: 8026: 7577: 7535: 7439: 7034: 6429: 6279: 5874:". The group was also implicated in the kidnapping and murder of American journalist 5838: 5709: 5611: 5607: 4837: 4574: 4500: 4456: 4341: 4270: 4173: 4100: 4096: 4024: 3905: 3741: 3692:

behind modern jihadist violence. His theological and legal justifications influenced

3666: 3643: 3438: 3430: 3328:

Daesh not only called for the revival of slavery of non-Muslims (specifically of the

3284: 3257: 3141: 3129: 3065: 3018: 2958: 2649: 2565: 2548: 2178: 2170: 2116: 2080: 1803: 1788: 1673: 732: 495: 475: 273: 25450: 17574: 17100: 14626: 12123:"Why They Hate Us An Examination of al-wala' wa-l-bara' in Salafi-Jihadist Ideology" 12009: 9511:

The Islam in Islamic Terrorism : the importance of Beliefs, Ideas, and Ideology

9483:

The Islam in Islamic Terrorism : the importance of Beliefs, Ideas, and Ideology

4430:

argues that there is an internal battle currently taking place within Islam between

4101:

Islam is the only major religious tradition where polygyny is still largely condoned

3968:

Nawaz also argues that suicide bombers in non-Muslim majority countries such as the

3956:

Harris: This catalogue of irrelevancy could be extended indefinitely. What does the

3912:

in Muslim nations such as Egypt, Algeria, Morocco, and Kuwait; U.S. support for the

3332:

minority group), but declared takfir on any Muslim who disagreed with their policy.

2785:(author of the fatwa mentioned above against rulers who do not rule by sharia law). 1992:

claim that from the beginning of Islam, "violent movements have arisen" such as the

1359: 25958: 25951: 25944: 25909: 25587: 24872: 24867: 24478: 24185: 23906: 23799: 23611: 23360: 23355: 23340: 23175: 23160: 22920: 22625: 22347: 22285: 22275: 22265: 22250: 22056: 21959: 21931: 21819: 21489: 20280:"European Union Adds Military Wing of Hezbollah to List of Terrorist Organizations" 19876: 19645: 19624: 19489: 19451:[Current Operations Continuing in Turkey – Major Terrorist Organizations]. 18853: 18699: 18558: 18367: 17685:"Local Group is Blamed for Attacks, but Sri Lanka Suspects 'International Network'" 17124: 15191: 15014: 14954: 14677: 14606: 14477: 14463: 14455: 14062: 13524: 13471: 13286: 12629: 11520: 11160: 11060: 10358: 10336: 10328: 10322: 10232: 9609: 9263: 9170: 9115: 9111: 9091: 8597: 8137: 8071: 8056: 7969: 7837: 7766: 7661: 7531: 7486: 7455: 7446:. Hezbollah's 1985 manifesto listed its three main goals as "putting an end to any 7435: 7356: 7042: 6866:(GIA), an organisation affiliated with al-Qaeda, founded a cell in the province of 6828: 6756: 6733: 6704: 6672: 6548: 6408: 6369: 6311: 6184: 6022: 5854: 5830: 5524: 5347: 5321: 5186: 4910: 4890: 4886: 4868:

kidnapped Europeans for the Ransom their governments would pay in the early 2010s.

4807:

ISIL justified various acts internally, including beheadings and its kidnapping of

4423: 4375: 4177: 3697: 3685: 3553: 3244: 3206: 3156: 2915: 2514:

has influenced Islamic terrorism, along with religious themes and trends including

2400: 2392: 2346: 2221: 2051: 2047: 1071: 490: 352: 19998: 17152: 16735:"Hundreder af tikkende bomber i landet, som Islamisk Stat styrede udenom i syv år" 13966: 13669:"A NATION CHALLENGED: WHO SEETHES, AND WHY; Despair Beneath the Arab World's Rage" 10237: 10220: 6556: 6320:

In the 1990s Belgium was a transit country for Islamist terrorist groups like the

6125: 3987:

established a personal and social identity." Looking at theories of psychological

3279:(GIA). The GIA amir, Antar Zouabri claimed credit for two massacres of civilians ( 2586:

of non-Muslim aggression stop them from waging Jihad to spread sharia law because

26514: 26462: 26400: 26271: 26083: 26066: 25784: 25719: 25133: 24877: 24776: 24771: 24766: 24555: 24498: 24228: 24213: 24137: 24081: 23970: 23838: 23699: 23684: 23546: 23466: 23297: 23292: 23101: 22808: 22753: 22553: 22239: 22199: 22150: 22102: 21876: 21550: 21526: 21152: 21131: 21100: 20682: 20491: 20466: 19871: 19374: 18748: 17013: 16868: 16787: 16400: 16123: 15845: 15683:"Algerian Islamists threaten to execute hostage unless France halts Isis attacks" 15440: 15107: 15076:"Dangerous and depraved: paedophiles unite with terrorists online – Times Online" 15046: 14302: 14104: 14070: 14036: 13916: 13357:

Heaven on Earth: A Journey Through Shari'a Law from the Deserts of Ancient Arabia

13355: 13188:

Heaven on Earth: A Journey Through Shari'a Law from the Deserts of Ancient Arabia

13186: 12992:"Isis has reached new depths of depravity. But there is a brutal logic behind it" 12933:"Isis has reached new depths of depravity. But there is a brutal logic behind it" 12553:

Entre menace, censure et liberté: La presse privé algérienne se bat pour survivre

12283: 12043: 11277: 11272: 10880: 10804: 10774: 10485: 9902: 8902: 8685: 8464: 8273: 8089: 8020: 7585: 7506: 7304: 7054: 6966: 6871: 6680: 6480: 6441: 6423:

enter the conflict zone and the majority joined jihadist groups in Syria and Iraq

6380: 6188: 6042: 6038: 5826: 5789: 5422: 5296: 5036: 4914: 4814: 4709: 4584: 4558: 4383: 4228: 4216: 4176:(with Pinker also citing a famous quotation attributed to evolutionary biologist 4092: 3943: 3876: 3679: 3580: 3576: 3452: 3210: 3053: 2553: 2519: 2456: 2328: 2313: 2302: 2262: 2120: 1886: 1663: 1529: 912: 898: 849: 842: 609: 520: 500: 278: 200: 25534: 19043:

Ortega Dolz, Patricia; López Fonseca, Óscar; Canas, Jesús A. (25 January 2023).

17335: 15303:

Countering Radicalization and Violent Extremism Among Youth to Prevent Terrorism

15214: 13831: 13751:

The New Jackals : Ramzi Yousef, Osama Bin Laden and the Future of Terrorism

12486:

Passion for Islam : Shaping the Modern Middle East: the Egyptian Experience

11890:[source: testimony of Jamal al-Fadl, U.S. v. Usama bin Laden, et.al., quoted in 11519:. Center for Strategic and International Studies. pp. 17–18. Archived from 6881:, which were perpetrated by remnants of the first al-Qaeda cell, members of the 5934:

ended on 16 May 2009. The bombings killed 269 people and injured more than 500.

5320:, over 1600 people have travelled from Morocco to join the Islamic State in the 4467:

news agency reported that pornography was found among the materials seized from

3537: 2843:

Terror attacks requiring the death of the attacker are generally referred to as

2818:"when Muslims obtain power they will overthrow non-Muslim governments and rule"; 2552:), while in prison. Qutb is said to have laid out the ideological foundation of 1406: 16:

Terrorist acts by groups of individuals who profess Islamic motivations or goals

26377: 26332: 26288: 25672: 24796: 24733: 24723: 24442: 24299: 24233: 24110: 23990: 23873: 23769: 23714: 23659: 23596: 23444: 23213: 22940: 22793: 22635: 22337: 21530: 21104: 20683:

Ellis, Ralph; Ashley Fantz; Faith Karimi; Eliott C. McLaughlin (13 June 2016).

19493: 19017: 18265:"When It Comes To Radicalization In Belgium, Turks and Moroccans Are Different" 17936:

The International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence

15928: 14681: 13787:

Osama bin Laden interviewed by Tayser Allouni, Al Jazeera, 21 October 2001, in

13300: 10927: 9613: 8720: 8547: 8339: 7841: 7833: 7664:. There have also been other arrests mostly in Ontario involving terror plots. 7566: 7522: 7272: 7097: 7058: 6922: 6857: 6820: 6768: 6447:

Islamist militants constituted the majority of those under surveillance by the

6384: 6351: 6208: 6199: 6030: 5660: 5181:

During the 1990s, Muslims in Kenya received religious radical instruction from

5153: 5049: 4929:

to abide by their pledges not to pay ransom "in the case of terrorist kidnap".

4918: 4877: 4669: 4519: 4511: 4337: 4016: 3859: 3829:, told the Iraq inquiry, the security services warned Tony Blair launching the 3662: 3618: 3509:, are thought to have been heavily influenced by a 2004 work on jihad entitled 3295: 3045: 2944: 2883:

Muslims to Hezbollah and other Lebanese Shi'a factions for more than a decade.

2844: 2714: 2593:

a loathing of "the West" (a "rubbish heap ... filth ... hollow and worthless");

2380: 2108: 1929: 1913: 1152: 991: 859: 537: 455: 388: 322: 220: 155: 25549: 21706:

The Islam in Islamic Terrorism: The Importance of Beliefs, Ideas, and Ideology

19583:

by Gilles Kepel, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, (2002), p. 331

19456: 18486:

Koninkrijksrelaties, Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en (14 December 2017).

16817:"Chad troops kill 17 Boko Haram militants after 6 killed in Lake Chad attacks" 16268: 16171: 15656:"Germany Confirms Kidnapping of Two Citizens by Islamist Group in Philippines" 14459: 10511:

by Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon, New York : Random House, c2002, p.63

9120: 8354:

groups (who believe jihad should be peaceful) have "zero history of violence".

7311:

in 1993. Hamas claims its aims are "To contribute in the effort of liberating

6707:

and was denied asylum there. The suspect was aggrieved at the Netherlands for

5550:

carried out suicide bombings at two locations in Kampala, the capital city of

4751:

resulted in the British government meeting a Hamas member for the first time.

4253:, and Christine Fair, an assistant professor in peace and security studies at 2805:"Only Muslims have the right to rule, non-Muslims are meant to be subjugated"; 2491:) has been accused of being the ideology behind Islamic terrorist groups, but 1421: 26654: 26256: 26226: 26125: 25818: 25813: 25108: 25056: 24990: 24892: 24728: 24624: 24452: 24120: 23995: 23916: 23911: 23779: 23764: 23709: 23679: 23591: 23406: 23389: 23350: 23116: 22953: 22803: 22342: 22305: 22280: 22165: 21756: 21723: 21597: 21572: 21509:

Islam and the Myth of Confrontation: Religion and Politics of the Middle East

21482: 21394: 21327: 21258: 19657: 19422: 19329: 18819:"Terror-Prozess in Oslo: Haftstrafen für geplanten Mord an Mohammed-Zeichner" 18664:"The Use of Deportation in Counter-Terrorism: Insights from the Italian Case" 18243: 17662: 15867: 15245:

Islam and the Myth of Confrontation: Religion and Politics in the Middle East

14740:. Institute of International Studies, UC Berkeley. 3 May 2007. Archived from 14713: 14703: 13626: 13254: 12634: 12617: 10292: 10198: 10052: 9621: 9454:"Terminology to Define the Terrorists: Recommendations from American Muslims" 9275: 9197:

Tolerance and Coercion in Islam: Interfaith Relations in the Muslim tradition

9139: 8633: 8589: 8511: 8499: 8253: 7927: 7724: 7570: 7510: 7497:. A later dispute over Hezbollah preservation of its telecoms network led to 7494: 7470: 7112: 7062: 7030: 6712: 6433: 6396: 6167: 6018: 6006: 5645: 5392: 5280: 4922: 4872: 4829:

is allowed in my religion, and I shall capture people and make them slaves".

4554: 4431: 4398: 4312: 4169: 4143: 3839: 3830: 3635: 3476: 3426: 3280: 3081: 3069: 2974: 2782: 2729: 2678: 2560:

that is the "center of gravity" of al-Qaeda and related groups (according to

2217: 2186: 2128: 2084: 2020:

Muslims. The group was particularly noted for adopting a radical approach to

1807: 1705: 1561: 1556: 981: 971: 864: 515: 250: 21076: 20928:"Argentine ex-president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner charged with treason" 19901: 18984:

DE-RADICALIZATION IN THE MEDITERRANEAN – Comparing Challenges and Approaches

17903:

Understanding Terrorism in the Age of Global Media: A Communication Approach

17705:(Press release). FBI National Press Office. 24 February 2006. Archived from 17149:"Unraveling the Mystery of the Tashkent Bombings: Theories and Implications" 16704:

De-Radicalization in the Mediterranean – Comparing Challenges and Approaches

15610: 14610: 14384:

Harmon, Vanessa; Mujkic, Edin; Kaukinen, Catherine; Weir, Henriikka (2018).

13791:, ed. Bruce Lawrence, translated by James Howarth (London, Verso, 2005), 112 10772: 10324:

The Many Faces of Political Islam: Religion and Politics in the Muslim World

9214: 7509:

militiamen loyal to Fouad Siniora. These areas were then handed over to the

7402:

any relevant information, and removing excessive detail that may be against

6543:

Jihadists consider France as a strong proponent of disbelief. For instance,

6266:

Attacks on symbols of authority: Paris attacks in February, June and August.

6165:, where 12 people were killed in response to the satirical weekly newspaper 4905:

told the press that he had spent "millions" in efforts to ransom journalist

3765: 3688:

Abu Abdullah al-Muhajir has been identified as one of the key theorists and

2689:

Another Islamic movement accused of being involved in terrorism is known as

2410:

Roy believes terrorism/radicalism is "expressed in religious terms" because

26342: 25714: 25660: 25655: 25633: 25103: 24791: 24483: 23923: 23863: 23809: 23789: 23724: 23384: 23372: 23203: 23128: 22788: 22640: 22518: 22234: 22138: 22126: 21840: 21617: 21605: 21230: 20868:[Nisman's death: the half-hour which is a black hole in the case]. 19246: 16497:"Djihadistes mauriciens: des amis de Zafirr et Lubnaa Golamaully racontent" 16061:"Boko Haram, the Chibok Abductions and Nigeria's Counterterrorism Strategy" 15784:"Boko Haram, the Chibok Abductions and Nigeria's Counterterrorism Strategy" 14920: 14865:

Lewis, Bernard, 'Islam: The Religion and the People' (2009). pp. 53, 145–50

14802: 14618: 14298: 14066: 13726:"Muslims are starving to death and the United States is stealing their oil" 13562: 13519: 13025:

The Development of the Theological and Political Aspects of Jihadi-Salafism

11730: 11632: 10157:"Exclusive: IRGC Officers Pocket Millions Intended As Salaries For Proxies" 10156: 9828:"Terrorism Deaths Decline Worldwide, But Far-Right Attacks Are On The Rise" 9165: 8991:

Holbrook, Donald (2010). "Using the Qur'an to Justify Terrorist Violence".

8928: 8165: 8036: 7889: 7825: 7527: 7454:

to justice for "the crimes they perpetrated", and the establishment of an

7451: 7116: 6824: 6616: 6526: 6513: 5997: 5875: 5275:

Following the murder of Manan Fakhoo in January 2021, who was shot dead in

4963: 4720: 4631: 4591: 4499:(Muslim community). The Islamic education of Al-Qaeda's number two leader, 4443: 4265: 4192: 4104: 4008: 3931: 3909: 3727: 3714: 3305:

From its inception in 2013 to 2020, directly or through affiliated groups,

3205:

Since the last half of the 20th century, a "central ideology" of insurgent

3188: 3022: 2997: 2903: 2888: 2700: 2527: 2317: 2290: 2097: 2089: 2035: 1933: 1170: 1086: 525: 450: 21001:"Bin Laden, in statement to U.S. people, says he ordered Sept. 11 attacks" 20851: 19293:"Sweden proposes tougher anti-terror laws in response to Turkey's demands" 8330:

Shia Muslims have been involved in violence primarily at the state level (

5027:

Some prominent Islamic terror groups and incidents include the following:

2459:

Islam—can be called involved in global terrorism, as it is connected with

26056: 26029: 25498: 25050: 24801: 24738: 24462: 24457: 24238: 24026: 24000: 23774: 23759: 23749: 23627: 22765: 22255: 22194: 22121: 22008: 21267: 19832: 19649: 19571:"About us". Al-Qassam Brigades Information Office. Retrieved 15 July 2016 19470: 18695:"Toestand van slachtoffer 'terreursteker' Amsterdam CS is 'catastrofaal'" 18167:"Brussels Train Station Bombing Renews Focus on Belgium as Jihadist Base" 14573: 14430: 13912:"What you need to know about terrorism and its causes: a graphic account" 12810:"Killing in the Name of Islam: Al-Qaeda's Justification for September 11" 12776:"Killing in the Name of Islam: Al-Qaeda's Justification for September 11" 11004: 10909:

On Saudi Arabia : Its People, past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future

9053:"Killing in the Name of Islam: Al-Qaeda's Justification for September 11" 8875:"Kurdish peshmerga forces arrive in Kobani to bolster fight against Isis" 8268: 8101: 7740: 7502: 7447: 7178: 7127:. He has expressed sympathy with extremist organizations, among them the 6785: 6227: 6222: 6026: 5992: 5969: 5334:

In 2016, the government developed a strategy to further adherence to the

5305:

The majority of the perpetrators directly and indirectly involved in the

5007:

United States Department of State list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations

4605: 4387: 4227:

What the recruits tended to have in common—besides their urbanity, their

4200: 4161: 4068: 4052: 4031: 3834: 3658: 3434: 3425:

are restricted by classical Islamic jurisprudence, but its scope is not.

3392: 3253: 3073: 2907: 2641: 2543: 2510:

Outside of these sects or religious movements, the religious ideology of

2064: 2039: 2013: 1874: 1470: 438: 433: 337: 25279: 20946:"Cristina Kirchner faces investigation over alleged cover-up of bombing" 20050:

UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (29 March 2006).

19368:"Uzbek suspect in Swedish attack sympathized with Islamic State: police" 17194:"Uzbekistan's reaction to Tashkent bombings generate doubts on efficacy" 16710:. Milano: ISPI. pp. 13–15, 24, 26, 35–36, 42–43, 48, 62–63, 69–70. 15564:"Fatwa issued against suicide bombings, targeted killings and terrorism" 14559: 12700: 12684: 10379:

Moussalli, Ahmad. "Wahhabism, Salafism and Islamism: Who is the Enemy?"

10332: 9629: 9597: 6489:. In the 1990s, a series of attacks on French soil were executed by the 4469:

Osama bin Laden's Abbottabad compound that was raided by U.S. Navy SEALs

3059: 3005: 26457: 26372: 26034: 24847: 24837: 24289: 24161: 24149: 23985: 23868: 23784: 23367: 23285: 23058: 22155: 22130: 21701: 21677: 21154:

Devil's Game: How the United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam

20790: 18858: 18579:"Terrorisme: deux attentats islamistes déjoués en 2020, 33 depuis 2017" 18563: 18488:"Jihadist women, a threat not to be underestimated – Publication – pdf" 17727: 17292: 17216:"Germany: Authorities Say Uzbekistan-Based Group Behind Terrorist Plot" 16471: 15327:"The Danger of Takfir (Excommunication): Exposing IS' Takfiri Ideology" 13426:

The Encyclopedia of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: A Political, Social, and

12374:

Terror's Source: the Ideology of Wahhabi-Salafism and its Consequences,

10806:

God's Terrorists: The Wahhabi Cult and the Hidden Roots of Modern Jihad

10340: 9095: 8728: 8437: 8263: 8045: 8003: 7963: 7912: 7902: 7478: 7174: 7120: 7025:

estimated that a total of 200 individuals were involved in the Swedish

6841: 6816: 6811:

that killed hundreds of people in the Caucasian republics of Chechnya,

6010: 5989: 5965: 5603: 5403: 5269: 4902: 4865: 4818: 4791: 4779: 4763: 4427: 4294: 4233: 4157: 4048: 3951: 3946:

on Mount Sinjar have to do with US foreign policy? What does enforcing

3935: 3917: 3388: 3312:

One example of Daesh takfir is found in the 13th issue of its magazine

3199: 3077: 2948: 2829:

Other authors have noted other elements of extremist Islamic ideology.

2766:

declared Saudi Arabia was returning to "moderate Islam"), Saudi Arabia

2725: 2717:, a belief in strict implementation of injunctions and prohibitions of 2468: 2298: 2068: 2017: 2001: 1989: 1925: 1917: 1811: 986: 817: 485: 480: 443: 21464:

Jihad in the West: Muslim Conquests from the 7th to the 21st Centuries

20252: 19547: 19131: 19049: 18294:"The Islamic State's External Operations and the French-Belgian Nexus" 18018:

European Union Terrorism Situation and Trend Report 2018 (TE SAT 2018)

17963:

European Union Terrorism Situation and Trend Report 2018 (TE SAT 2018)

17625: 16543:"Dans une vidéo de propagande: un Mauricien appelle à rejoindre Daech" 16446:"South London couple plead guilty to funding nephew fighting for Isis" 14468: 14385: 8441: 8363:

Faizal calls these groups "sects", Knowledge calls them "movements".

7884:'s stated aim is the use of jihad to defend and protect Islam against 7442:, and its forces were trained and organized by a contingent of Iran's 7284: 6788:

rather than an Islamist attack is in question). In the September 2004

6124:

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on

5500:

island. The attack killed 19 people and injured 30 and was planned by

3455:

legal authorities, whose legal writings are shared and spread via the

2423:

is not the case in European "countries where Muslims are predominant"—

2289:

The motivation of Islamic terrorists has been disputed. Some (such as

26187: 23955: 23896: 23878: 23804: 23526: 22773: 22204: 22019: 21226: 20964:"Argentinian lawyer Alberto Nisman was murdered, police report finds" 20866:"Muerte de Nisman: la media hora que es un agujero negro en la causa" 19864: 19013:"La célula de Al Qaida que atentó en Casablanca se gestó en Valencia" 18875:, January/February 2008, p. 74, "The Myth of the Authoritarian Model" 14551: 14510: 14386:"Causes & Explanations of Suicide Terrorism: A Systematic Review" 14359:

The Washington Quarterly, Center for Strategic and Int'l Studies, MIT

13315: 8724: 8420: 8331: 8014: 7916: 7845: 7543: 6980: 6061:

has branded the group a terrorist entity by adding it to the list of

6014: 5899:

killed 209 people and injured 700 more. It was carried out by banned

5408: 5318:

2011 where 17 people were killed by bomb at a restaurant in Marrakesh

4674: 4601: 4451: 4237: 4153: 4007:

In 2004, a forensic psychiatrist and former foreign service officer,

3843: 3689: 3585: 3520: 3384: 2838: 2654: 2561: 2504: 2480: 2327:

According to Indonesian Islamic leader Yahya Cholil Staquf in a 2017

2206: 2194: 2138: 2093: 1882: 1870: 1823: 1774: 902: 837: 822: 95: 20915:

23 hs – Llega la ambulancia de Swiss Medical y constantan la muerte.

19449:"Türkiye'de Halen Faaliyetlerine Devam Eden Başlıca Terör Örgütleri" 19274:"Erdogan says Turkey not supportive of Finland, Sweden joining NATO" 19242:"Turkey threatens year's delay to Swedish and Finnish entry to Nato" 17458:. Asia Times Online Ltd. Archived from the original on 11 March 2005 17102:

The Human Cost: The Consequences of Insurgent Attacks in Afghanistan

15563: 12959:"The calculated madness of the Islamic State's horrifying brutality" 12881:"The calculated madness of the Islamic State's horrifying brutality" 12147:

Blinder, Alan; Robles, Frances; Pèrez-Peña, Richard (16 June 2016).

12006:"Transcript of speech: The International Terrorist Threat to the UK" 11438:

Hatred's Kingdom: How Saudi Arabia Supports the New Global Terrorism

9748: 9513:(First ed.). London, UK: New English Review Press. p. 18. 8822:. Institute for Economics and Peace. 2016. p. 4. Archived from 8638:"Isis: a contrived ideology justifying barbarism and sexual control" 8582:

And God Knows the Martyrs: Martyrdom and Violence in Jihadi-Salafism

6417:

report from April 2016 showed that at least 70 individuals had left

6154:, also of public transport, which killed 52 commuters, and the 2015 5878:. All these groups coordinate under leadership of Syed Salahuddin's 5361:

and a Moroccan killed people by driving his van into pedestrians in

3183: 2747:

and through its influence on at least two major terrorist groups --

2275:

be Muslims countries—Afghanistan, Iraq, Nigeria, Syria and Somalia.

1920:(US president and UK Prime Minister respectively at the time of the 26347: 26088: 26051: 25178: 25118: 24995: 24827: 24743: 24718: 24650: 24175: 24058: 24054: 23586: 23439: 23275: 23255: 23106: 22612: 22470: 22422: 22216: 22170: 22134: 21859: 20636:"Former intel chief: Homegrown terrorism is a 'devil of a problem'" 20538:. CBC News – Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.ca. 6 September 2011 19952: 17755: 15364: 14917:"Abdal-Hakim Murad, Bin Laden's Violence is a Heresy Against Islam" 12514: 12149:"Omar Mateen Posted to Facebook Amid Orlando Attack, Lawmaker Says" 11757:

Divided Loyalties: Young Somali Americans and the Lure of Extremism

11273:

On Saudi Arabia: Its People, Past, Religion, Fault Lines and Future

8718:

The study was conducted by a French non-governmental organization.

8578:"A Jihadi-Salafi Legal Tradition? Debating Authority and Martyrdom" 8347: 8278: 8228: 8218: 7933: 7881: 7876: 7596:. Its stated goal is to reform the Palestinian refugee camps under 7593: 7466: 7360: 7344: 7327: 7243: 7202: 7186: 7026: 6992: 6812: 6772: 6676: 6544: 6498: 6440:, stabbed two women to death and wounded eight other people in his 6221:, up to 40% of terrorist plots in Europe are part-financed through 6172: 6050: 5985: 5846: 5225:

In 2015, 147 people were killed by Al-Shabaab militants during the

5182: 5149: 4841: 4771: 4759: 4736: 4595: 4402: 4223:" of members of the most famous Islamic terrorist group, al-Qaeda: 4139: 4060: 4044: 3921: 3880: 3770: 3670: 3651: 3631: 3468: 3456: 3290:

In August 1998 the Taliban insurgents slaughtered 8000 mostly Shia

3085: 3030: 2815:

the only truly Islamic form of state is a unified Muslim Caliphate;

2704: 2690: 2612: 2603:

mankind end up in the hands of Jewish financial institutions ...").

2539: 2492: 2488: 2476: 2460: 2448: 2361:

found that there was no "typical profile" of a terrorist, and that

2190: 2174: 2158: 2124: 2009: 1993: 1949: 1945: 1937: 1902: 1898: 1819: 1784: 1781: 1668: 946: 888: 796: 418: 128: 20382:

Hizb'allah in Lebanon: The Politics of the Western Hostage Crisis,

19318:"Analysis | Why Turkey Is Still Blocking Sweden From Joining NATO" 16592:"Île Maurice: des coups de feu tirés contre l'ambassade de France" 8619: 7100:

citizen, attempted to kill Christmas shoppers in Stockholm in the

6316:

Foreign fighters in the Syrian and Iraqi Civil Wars § Belgium

2875:

by the sword). The term "suicide" is never used because Islam has

26039: 24882: 24132: 24076: 23960: 23632: 23516: 23320: 23280: 23121: 22727: 22415: 22295: 22187: 22180: 22175: 21917: 20590:"RCMP say homegrown terror suspects were preparing to build IEDs" 19993: 19378: 19110: 19022: 18918:"Salafist-Takfiri Jihadism: the Ideology of the Caucasus Emirate" 18025: 17970: 17813: 15490:"Leading Iranian Cleric Calls on Regime to Avoid War With Israel" 14515: 14061: 13558:"The core Isis manual that twisted Islam to legitimise barbarity" 13515:"Abu Abdullah al-Muhajir: The Obscure Theologian Who Shaped ISIS" 13264: 8433: 8389:

has been used as a close relative, or variety of Salafi jihadism.

8386: 8060: 7885: 7462: 7211: 6918: 6832: 6804:; hundreds of people died during the storming by Russian forces. 6632: 6437: 6418: 6372:, Belgium had the highest number of foreign fighters per capita. 6340: 6237: 6204: 5981: 5858: 5842: 5834: 5652: 5627: 5587: 5516: 5161:

a gunman opened fire at the Coptic Orthodox Church of Saint Menas

5045: 5020: 4642: 4464: 4410: 4359:... they fail to quote and discuss limiting factors that follow, 4316: 4258: 4135: 3590: 3380: 3291: 2896: 2822: 2557: 2511: 2500: 2472: 2452: 2428: 2388: 2237: 2146: 1815: 1795: 934: 893: 470: 408: 24593: 19074: 16982:"Museum attack a 'great calamity' for Tunisia's young democracy" 16761:"FOCUS – Morocco reforms religious education to fight extremism" 12650: 11637:

Taliban: Militant Islam, Oil, and Fundamentalism in Central Asia

10667: 10665: 8786:"Global Terrorism Index 2020: Measuring the Impact of Terrorism" 7501:

and Hezbollah-led opposition fighters seized control of several

7275:

in 1987. The 1988 charter of Hamas calls for the destruction of

7189:

and HSBC bank headquarters that killed 58. Hizbullah's leader,

6792:

more than 1,000 people were taken hostage after a school in the

5011: 3383:(4:74–75) is quoted most frequently; other popular passages are 2914:

Muslims. Not long ago, a bombing in Lashkar Gah, the capital of

2495:

and other terrorists are more commonly described as following a

26362: 23394: 22645: 22619: 22578: 22539: 22456: 22369: 22290: 22145: 22091: 22086: 21853: 21777: 20485:"Fatah Al-Islam: the new terrorist threat hanging over Lebanon" 20073:"Iranian official admits Tehran supplied missiles to Hezbollah" 18424:"Le terrorisme islamiste a fait 236 morts en France en 18 mois" 18128:"Belgian Radical Networks and the Road to the Brussels Attacks" 16617:"Meurtre de Manan Fakoo: Le prédicateur islamiste Javed Meetoo" 15929:"Syria crisis: Spanish journalists freed after ISIS kidnapping" 13361: 13192: 10858:"How Saudi Wahhabism Is the Fountainhead of Islamist Terrorism" 10750:

by David Cook, University of California Press, 2005 p.192, 190

10040: 9107: 9103: 8585: 8507: 8351: 7597: 7276: 7268: 6831:

which is aiming to unite most of Russia's North Caucasus as an

6079:

Most of the terrorist incidents in Thailand are related to the

6034: 5630:

on 3 September 2010. Two policemen were killed and 25 injured.

5565: 5551: 5497: 5335: 5156:

where 62 people were killed. Most of the killed were tourists.

5071: 4808: 4646: 4488: 4481: 4406: 4196: 4112: 3901: 3675: 3647: 3639: 3627: 3605: 3547: 3542: 3341: 3329: 3299: 3214: 3177: 3097: 2857: 2718: 2623: 2576: 2515: 2444: 2162: 2142: 2043: 2022: 1863: 1858: 1840: 1835: 827: 505: 21494:

Because They Hate: A Survivor of Islamic Terror Warns America.

21203:. Dulles, Virginia: Potomac Books (formerly Brassey's, Inc.). 21129: 20685:"Orlando shooting: 49 killed, shooter pledged ISIS allegiance" 20655:"A one-man mission to stop homegrown Somali terrorism in U.S." 15187:"Book Review. 'Black Flags: The Rise of ISIS' by Joby Warrick" 14150:"Frontline: Al Qaeda's New Front: Interviews: Michael Scheuer" 10773:

Naval Postgraduate Naval Postgraduate School (19 March 2015).

10012:"Orthodox Islam and Violence 'Linked' Says Top Muslim Scholar" 9720:

Hoffman, Bruce (1999). "Two: Terrorism Trends and Prospects".

9533: 9405:"Islam has no connection with terrorism: Prof. Bruce Lawrence" 7584:

movement, and is led by a Palestinian fugitive militant named

7181:

terrorist group accused of a series of attacks, including the

4954:, Hamas demonstrated effectiveness of kidnapping as a form of 3769:

Osama Bin Laden, the founder of multinational terrorist group

3491:

attacks. These arguments were not widely accepted by Muslims.

3171:

Many contemporary liberal/modernist/reformist Muslims believe

2918:, killed Muslims, including women, who were applying to go on 2161:

in Lebanon long before the emergence of Hezbollah. An Israeli

1862:); the perceived necessity of restoring Islam by establishing 24284: 24115: 23521: 23416: 23400: 22894: 22719: 22673: 22661: 22463: 22449: 22408: 22081: 21938: 21924: 21845: 21808: 19989:"Lebanese army moves into W. Beirut after Hezbollah takeover" 19042: 18843: 18191:

Van Vlierden, Guy; Lewis, Jon; Rassler, Don (February 2018).

16843:"Northeast Nigeria insurgency has killed almost 350,000 – UN" 16423:"Avant Yogen Sundrun: Reaz Lauthan, un Mauricien en Syrie..." 16030:"Iraq arrest that exposed wealth and power of Isis jihadists" 15007:"No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam" 14329:"Talking to the Enemy by Scott Atran – [book] review" 12402:"Jihad Without Rules: The Evolution of al-Takfir wa al-Hijra" 12071:

Kepel, Gilles, The Prophet and the Pharaoh, (2003), p.208-209

10662: 9701:"AP Analysis: Climactic events in 1979 shaped modern Mideast" 8178: 7993: 7589: 7581: 7574: 7482: 7474: 7323: 7283:, was established in mid 1991 and claimed responsibility for 7264: 7070: 6984: 6914: 6913:

Moroccan descendants residing in the North African cities of

6451:(SUPO) in 2020 and Finland is portrayed as an enemy state in 6368:

In June 2016, with 451 fighters having travelled to join the

6162: 6054: 5850: 5520: 5220:

four Al-Shabaab militants attacked a shopping mall in Nairobi

5016: 4767: 4697: 4496: 4460: 4435: 4241: 4131: 4108: 3609: 3601: 3447: 3417: 3361:-- then al-Qaida's affiliate in Syria -- an apostate group." 3192: 3026: 2940: 2923: 2911: 2872: 2867: 2809: 2737: 2619: 2372: 2150: 2112: 2056: 1853: 1848: 1830: 812: 26156: 25225:

Targeted Killings: Law and Morality in an Asymmetrical World

18793:"Gökmen T. krijgt levenslang voor aanslag in Utrechtse tram" 15709:"ISIS states its justification for the enslavement of women" 15464:"Top Islamic scholar issues 'absolute' fatwa against terror" 15101:

Exclusive: Pornography found in bin Laden hideout: officials

13992:"Suicide Terrorism in the Middle East: Origins and Response" 12527: 10929:

Wahhabism: Is It a Factor in the Spread of Global Terrorism?

10776:

Wahhabism: Is It a Factor in the Spread of Global Terrorism?

3846:

initiated suicide bombings after a complex reworking of the

24713: 24703: 23224: 22560: 22532: 22482: 22429: 22374: 21945: 20157:"Bahrain's parliament declares Hezbollah a terrorist group" 18605:"Terroristen "kein Massenphänomen" in der Flüchtlingskrise" 18491: 18184: 17147:

Polat, Abdumannob; Butkevich, Nickolai (28 November 2000).

16341:"Terrorist Attacks in Kenya Reveal Domestic Radicalization" 16291:"رسميًا.. داعش يُعلن مسؤوليته عن هجوم كنيسة مارمينا بحلوان" 16004:"Hostage-Taking Central to Islamic State Strategy in Syria" 15952:"Multiple kidnappings for ransom funding ISIS, source says" 13457:"The Kingdom and the Caliphate: Duel of the Islamic States" 13032: 10884:. Library of Congress Country Studies. 1992. Archived from 10098:

Bar, Shmuel, "The Religious Sources of Islamic Terrorism",

9985: 9314:"Islam and the Patterns in Terrorism and Violent Extremism" 8173: 7818: 7076:

The issue has also led to problematic relationship between

6837: 6691:: On 31 August 2018, a man randomly attacked two people in 6463:

and constitute both a short and long term security threat.

6362: 6180: 5977: 5930:, were the deadliest terrorist attack in the country since 5530:

In June 2015, a mass shooting claimed by the Islamic State

4821:, said in a 2014 interview claiming responsibility for the 4811:

women and forcing them to become sex slaves or concubines.

4795: 4626: 4624:

condemned suicide bombings and other forms of terrorism as

4419:

No god but God: The Origins, Evolution, and Future of Islam

4348: 4080: 4035: 3405: 3364: 2919: 2900: 2733: 2633: 2384: 2115:

militia and future Israeli Prime Minister, influenced both

1878: 21291:. Ecco Press / HarperCollins, US; Allen Lane/Penguin, UK. 20100:"Mideast Powers, Proxies and Paymasters Bluster and Rearm" 18285: 15122:"The Islam-Terrorism Connection — It's Not What You Think" 14738:"Olivier Roy Interview (2007): Conversations with History" 14709:

The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence Has Declined

12308: 10281: 10279: 9102:. Brill Handbooks on Contemporary Religion. Vol. 21. 7836:

van bomb loaded with about 275 kilograms (606 lb) of

6800:

was seized by a pro-Chechen multi-ethnic group aligned to

6699:

tourists who were injured. The attacker was a 19-year-old

6603:

while ISIS sympathizer Tomasso Hosni attacked soldiers at

5393:

Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon insurgency by Boko Haram

4019:, the "tight bonds of family and friendship", rather than 3753:

also discusses the al Muhajir-inspired text in his essay,

2968: 21769: 21446:. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Security International. 21337:

The Rise of the Islamic Empire and the Threat to the West

21199:

Imperial Hubris: Why the West Is Losing the War on Terror

19820: 19818: 19548:"The Covenant of the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas)" 18160: 18158: 18156: 17651:"All you need to know about the 7/11 Mumbai train blasts" 17494:. britishhighcommission.gov. January 2002. Archived from 17399:. 25 May 2015. Archived from the original on 27 May 2015. 17235:"Uzbekistan: 'Terror' Trial Likely To Hold Few Surprises" 17080:"Scores killed in terror attack on Tunisian beach resort" 16869:"In prison with al-Shabab: What drives Somali militants?" 16083: 14530: 14153: 14039:. Agence France-Presse. 14 September 2009. Archived from 13864:

The American Era: Power and Strategy for the 21st Century

13513:

al-Saud, Abdullah K.; Winter, Charlie (4 December 2016).

12387:"Transcript | Al Qaeda's New Front | FRONTLINE" 11847: 10742: 10740: 10286:

Choksy, Carol E. B.; Jamsheed K. Choksy (May–June 2015).

9151: 9149: 7434:

Hezbollah first emerged in 1982, as a militia during the

7253: 5490:

a Tunisian Al-Qaeda operative used a truck bomb to attack

5105:, 19 people were killed, and 25 others were injured when 4278: 3900:, namely, financial, military, and political support for 3826: 3037: 2910:, ... both the perpetrators and the targets are orthodox 2358: 2092:, which came into conflict with the predominant secular ( 1974:"Islamist," and "holy warrior" as grandiose descriptions. 21133:

Challenges of the muslim world: present, future and past

21111:

Messages to the world: the statements of Osama Bin Laden

20607: 18190: 17050:"Gunmen 'take hostages' in attack on Tunisia parliament" 16472:"Couple jailed for funding Islamic State fighter nephew" 14383: 14267: 14265: 13832:"Poverty, Political Freedom, and the Roots of Terrorism" 13789:

Messages to the World: the Statements of Osama bin Laden

11246:"Crown prince says Saudis want return to moderate Islam" 10490:. Colorado: USAF Institute for National Security Studies 10487:

Global Insurgency Strategy and the Salafi Jihad Movement

10285: 10041:"F.A.Z. exklusiv: Terrorismus und Islam hängen zusammen" 9485:(First ed.). London, UK: New English Review Press. 9001:

Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence

5995:. The name of the group is derived from the Arabic ابو, 3377:

Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence

2935:

Below are jihadist statements comparing life and death:

1798:

and non-Muslims. Most attacks have been concentrated in

21356:

Osama Bin Laden: A Psychological and Political Portrait

20840: 20201:"Bahrain arrests bombing suspects and blames Hezbollah" 20176:"Bahrain complains over Hezbollah comments on protests" 19629:"Human Capital and the Productivity of Suicide Bombers" 19163:"Säpo: Tusindvis af voldelige islamister bor i Sverige" 18394:"Den radikala islamistiska terrorismen efter kalifatet" 18320:"The Foreign Fighters Phenomenon in the European Union" 13120: 12722:

The Middle East: A Brief History of the Last 2000 Years

12259:

The Middle East: a Brief History of the Last 2000 Years

12216:

The Punishment of the Apostate According to Islamic Law

12146: 10276: 9801:"Næsten 150.000 har mistet livet i islamistiske angreb" 9775:"Næsten 150.000 har mistet livet i islamistiske angreb" 8719: 8552:

The Princeton Encyclopedia of Islamic Political Thought

7679:

explodes after being flown into the South Tower of the

6936:, even if their original plans were on a larger scale. 6885:(GICM) plus a gang of criminals turned into jihadists. 4926: 2745:

inadvertent and intentional funding of terrorist groups

2471:

and other groups. (Terrorism among some members of the

2403:

by offering them cash in exchange for terror activity.

2067:

in 1967, Palestinian leaders began to realize that the

19815: 18723:"Knivman i Amsterdam ville hämnas skymfandet av islam" 18153: 16811: 16809: 16541:

Arouff, Jean Paul; Harelle, Audrey (9 December 2015).

14271:

Seth J. Schwartz, Curtis S. Dunkel, and S. Waterman, "

13035:: Swedish South Asian Studies Network (SASNET) at the 11462:. Combating Terrorism Center at West Point. p. 30 10919: 10833:

Wahhabi Islam: From Revival and Reform to Global Jihad

10737: 10187:"What is the driving force behind jihadist terrorism?" 9895:"Age of extremes: Mehdi Hasan and Maajid Nawaz debate" 9819: 9536:"Imam Mohamad Jebara: Fruits of the tree of extremism" 9146: 7588:. The group's members have been described as militant 7538:. The United States, Canada, Israel, Bahrain, France, 5445:

killed 76 people watching the 2010 World Cup in Uganda

4942: 4438:. The struggle is similar to that of the 16th-century 19617: 19104:"EU Terrorism Situation and Trend Report TE-SAT 2009" 18515: 18513: 18343:"Knife attacker sentenced to life by a Finnish court" 17858:

EU Terrorism Situation and Trend Report (TE-SAT) 2017

17807:"EU Terrorism Situation and Trend Report TE-SAT 2009" 16952:"The Latest: French President Mourns Tunisia Victims" 16128:"A Blast, a Fire and an Israeli Soldier Goes Missing" 14262: 12317:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 412–413. 12222: 11962: 11603:. Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 10117:"MI5 report challenges views on terrorism in Britain" 9504: 9502: 8747:"Overwhelming majority of terror victims are Muslims" 7111:

In April 2017 Rakhmat Akilov, a 39-year-old rejected

6308:

Terrorist activity in Belgium § Islamist attacks

5651:

The IMU launched a series of attacks in Tashkent and

4994: 3964:

in Pakistan have to with Israel or US foreign policy?

3852:

Israeli occupation of the South Lebanon Security Zone

3721:

s journalist Mark Towsend, citing Salah al-Ansari of

3060:

Enmity towards non-Muslims, Western society and LGBT+

17683:

Bradsher, Keith; Garcia, Sandra E. (22 April 2019).

16210: 16208: 16122: 15538:"Top Pak clerics declare suicide attacks un-Islamic" 15063:'No god but God': The War Within Islam (Book Review) 13719: 13717: 13037:

Center for Middle Eastern Studies at Lund University

12767: 12309:

Esposito, John L.; Emad El-Din Shahin, eds. (2013).

12188:. No. 15. July 2016. p. 30. Archived from 12083:

The Great Theft: Wrestling Islam from the Extremists

11973:. Iowa: Mother Mosque Foundation. pp. 159–160. 11625: 11588: 11369:

The Great Theft: Wrestling Islam from the Extremists

10906: 10829: 10143:"Iran spends $ 7 billion per year on terror network" 9423: 9383:"Islam has no connection with terrorism: Imran Khan" 9311: 8155: 4542: 4295:

Refutations, criticisms and explanations for decline

4023:

of "poverty, trauma, madness, ignorance", inspired

2607:

Eikmeier summarizes the tenets of Qutbism as being:

2530:". (These ideas are often related and overlapping.) 2278: 20786:"Iran, Hezbollah charged in 1994 Argentine bombing" 20536:"Harper says 'Islamicism' biggest threat to Canada" 20476: 20474: 18485: 18457:. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Archived from 16806: 16371:"The Nairobi Attack and Al-Shabab's Media Strategy" 16216:"Burkina Faso: Islamistische Gefahr aus dem Innern" 15815:"Nigerian kidnappers 'received ransom downpayment'" 15113: 14801: 14595:

American Association for the Advancement of Science

14132:"The Gunman Premeditated The Attack, Officials Say" 14097:"Six shot, one killed at Seattle Jewish federation" 13801:Krueger, Alan B.; Maleckova, Jitka (24 June 2002). 12874: 12872: 12808:Wiktorowicz, Quintan; Kaltner, John (Summer 2003). 12774:Wiktorowicz, Quintan; Kaltner, John (Summer 2003). 12678: 12676: 12472:

Islamist Terrorism and Democracy in the Middle East

11453:"Sunni and Shi'a Terrorism Differences that Matter" 11317: 11110:

cannot be understood outside this hybrid tradition.

10730:, (Amman, n.d.), p.28, 26; trans. Johannes Jansen, 10252: 10250: 10248: 10110: 10108: 9051:Wiktorowicz, Quintan; Kaltner, John (Summer 2003). 9046: 9044: 9042: 8751:

Overwhelming majority of terror victims are Muslims

7557:

barracks of American and French peacekeeping troops

7530:". Since 1992, the organization has been headed by 7091: 6823:'s Islamic-nationalist rebel faction or, later, by 6457:

Foreign fighters in the Syrian and Iraqi Civil Wars

6348:

foreign fighters in the Syrian and Iraqi Civil Wars

6240:, the jihadist attacks in 2017 had three patterns: 6103:

Foreign fighters in the Syrian and Iraqi Civil Wars

5421:Boko Haram consists of two factions, one is led by 4568: 4075:, 91 percent male), while a study conducted by the 3622:), which had to be discharged "in the way of God" ( 2808:"Modern nation states are unIslamic and constitute 2626:, along with implementation of Muhammad's commands. 2155:

Front for the Liberation of Lebanon from Foreigners

21269:Holy Terror: Inside the World of Islamic Terrorism 21196: 21173: 21108: 21075: 20350: 20348: 20334: 20332: 19883: 18893: 18785: 18510: 18011: 18009: 18007: 18005: 16922:"Fifteen Years after the Djerba Synagogue Bombing" 16897:Al-Qaeda's Revenge: The 2004 Madrid Train Bombings 15997: 15995: 15654: 15053:. Published 20 October 2006. Retrieved 7 May 2009. 14777:"Disabled Often Carry Out Afghan Suicide Missions" 14181: 13902: 13900: 12846: 12807: 12773: 11788: 11596: 11366: 11325: 11238: 11079: 11023: 10288:"The Saudi Connection: Wahhabism and Global Jihad" 9499: 9085: 9083: 9081: 9050: 8423:, this funding was for non-Muslim countries alone. 7493:in opposition to the government of Prime Minister 6175:. On 13 November 2015 the French capital suffered 5866:split from another Islamic militant organization, 5782:from 2013 to 2015 and a bank heist in April 2015. 5513:three militants attacked the Bardo National Museum 4491:(according to a study by Shane Drennan). The late 3981: 3976: 3411: 2977:'s fatwa was described by author Lawrence Wright, 2522:, and the belief that Jews and Christians are not 21444:Islamic Terror: Conscious and Unconscious Motives 21099: 20497: 19592: 19475:"The Moral Logic and Growth of Suicide Terrorism" 19427:"Terrorized Turkey: Pointing fingers at al Qaeda" 17801: 17799: 17519:"Is Lashkar-e-Toiba still operating in Pakistan?" 17241:. Archived from the original on 13 December 2008. 16443: 16205: 15723: 15178: 14833: 14657:"The moral logic and growth of suicide terrorism" 14355:"The Moral Logic and Growth of Suicide Terrorism" 14222: 14220: 14218: 13714: 13642:"John Harvard's Journal: Talking about Terrorism" 13508: 13506: 13504: 13502: 13500: 13293: 12898: 12491: 12000: 11945:"Leaving The Faith, THE SUN INTERVIEW, Ali Rizvi" 11652:"Freedom Of Speech Does Not Mean Freedom To Hate" 11196:. Institute for Economics & Peace. p. 15 11143: 10218: 9583:"The Evolution of Islamic Terrorism: an Overview" 9474: 9316:. Center for Strategic and International Studies. 8795:. Institute for Economics & Peace. p. 15 8772:"Islamists have killed 167,096 people since 1979" 8541: 6695:with a blade weapon – both victims were American- 6392:targeting Brussels airport and metro killing 32. 5428: 4893:, correspondent Javier Espinosa and photographer 2982:the hotel worker would find their proper reward. 2341:"much of what" one major Islamic terror group -- 1944:It has been argued that "Islamic terrorism" is a 26652: 21194: 21150: 20956: 20872:(in Spanish). Ifnojus Noticias. 11 February 2015 20515: 20471: 20452: 20450: 20448: 20052:"Lebanon: The many hands and faces of Hezbollah" 19623: 19189:"PET: Truslen mod Danmark kan komme fra Sverige" 19084:. Swedish Defence University. pp. 23–34, 13 18551:"Jihadists' Grievance Narratives against France" 18481: 18479: 18455:"By the numbers: France's battle against terror" 16151: 15145: 15143: 15141: 15139: 14980:Jane I. Smith (2005). "Islam and Christianity". 13800: 13423:Edwards, Richard; Zuhur, Sherifa (12 May 2008). 13127:Atran, Scott; Hamid, Nafees (16 November 2015). 12869: 12673: 12611: 12609: 12213: 12116: 12114: 11503: 11395: 10651: 10649: 10647: 10443: 10419: 10417: 10245: 10105: 9546: 9195:Yohanan, Friedmann (2003). Morgan, David (ed.). 9039: 8872: 8486: 7821:and possibly Hezbollah, claimed responsibility. 4002: 3012: 2439:Most strains of thought/schools/sects/movements/ 2252:and Pentagon, are representative of this trend. 2145:drew inspiration from and directly mirrored the 2073:Jewish struggle against the British in Palestine 2034:During the era of the anti-colonial struggle in 21376:The Third Choice: Islam, Dhimmitude and Freedom 20423: 20395:"Middle East News – Hezbollah's transformation" 20345: 20329: 20137:. United Nations Security Council. 18 June 2000 20065: 19132:M. Normark, M. Ranstorp & F. Ahlin (2017). 18002: 17726:. MIPT Terrorism Knowledge Base. Archived from 17575:"SOUTH ASIA | Jaish-e-Mohammad: A profile" 16565:"Gunshots fired at French Embassy in Mauritius" 15992: 15758:"Paying Ransoms, Europe Bankrolls Qaeda Terror" 15206: 14010: 13897: 13349: 13347: 13225:"Understanding History's Seven Stages of Jihad" 13180: 13178: 13176: 13174: 13094: 13017: 13015: 13013: 13011: 13009: 13007: 13005: 12840: 12838: 12753:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 338–39. 12393: 11910: 10779:. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. 10066: 9888: 9886: 9446: 9078: 8957: 8927: 5532:was carried out at a hotel by Seifeddine Rezgui 5109:opened fire on a Turkish restaurant and hotel. 5096:shot and killed 30 people at the Splendid Hotel 4802: 4340:writes that the proclamations of bin Laden and 4152:(2011) that because the families of men in the 2353:factors — which are deeply embedded in Islam." 1928:, the prime minister of Pakistan, and academic 25807:Christian thought on persecution and tolerance 24053: 20707:"Interviews – Robert Baer – Terror And Tehran" 20043: 19399: 19397: 19395: 19393: 19391: 19389: 19387: 17796: 17682: 17226: 17146: 16638:Lovina Sophie, Lovina Sophie (15 March 2022). 16236: 14490:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of August 2024 ( 14253:Eriksonian Identity Theory in Counterterrorism 14215: 13986: 13984: 13587: 13585: 13497: 13218: 13216: 12746: 11790:"The Americans love Pepsi-Cola, we love death" 11542: 11444: 11071: 10823: 10259:"Is There a Link between Islam and Terrorism?" 9713: 9555:"Another battle with Islam's 'true believers'" 9330:Courty, Audrey; Rane, Halim (1 October 2018). 9230:"Flow of Saudis' Cash to Hamas Is Scrutinized" 8933:"Al-Qaida today: a movement at the crossroads" 8644:. Archived from the original on 24 August 2014 7850:nuclear technology transfer contract to Tehran 7811:1992 attack on Israeli embassy in Buenos Aires 6649:List of terrorist incidents in the Netherlands 6428:The first terrorist attack in Finland was the 4103:, the higher degrees of marital inequality in 3887:motivated by a religiously inspired hatred of 2260:According to research by the German newspaper 1822:– were responsible for 74% of all deaths from 1550:Christian thought on persecution and tolerance 26172: 25295: 24609: 23240: 21793: 21171: 20984:. Al Jazeera. 1 November 2004. Archived from 20887: 20445: 20278:Kanter, James; Rudoren, Jodi (22 July 2013). 20277: 20149: 19859: 19857: 19096: 18476: 17956: 17954: 17545:"Wars and Armed Conflicts: Current Situation" 17382:, Columbia University Press (2007), pp. 69–70 17297:"Terrorism in Uzbekistan: A self-made crisis" 17209: 17207: 17027:"21 dead in Tunisia attack, Including Gunmen" 16637: 16540: 16052: 15975:"European allies shamed over ransom payments" 15790:. West Point Military Academy. Archived from 15433: 15333:. Center for Security Studies. Archived from 15300: 15136: 14979: 14892: 14191:Islam and the Future of Tolerance: A Dialogue 13512: 13103:"'ISIS: Inside the Army of Terror,' and More" 12853:The Oxford Encyclopedia of Islam and Politics 12685:"Ideological Infighting in the Islamic State" 12606: 12275: 12111: 11260: 10799: 10722: 10720: 10644: 10414: 10314: 10180: 10178: 10176: 10174: 10172: 10170: 9952: 9950: 9652:"July 22: A Pivotal Day in Terrorism History" 9227: 9221: 8571: 8569: 8567: 8565: 8334:attacks on Israeli targets and Iran's use of 7743:, in an act motivated by the terrorist group 7654:Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS) 7580:, itself a splinter group of the Palestinian 7561:dozens of kidnappings of foreigners in Beirut 7322:is a Palestinian Islamist group based in the 6660: 6183:, that killed 129 people in restaurants, the 5202:Al-Qaeda attacked the U.S. Embassy in Nairobi 5144:On 17 November 1997, a splinter group of the 4817:, the leader of the Nigerian extremist group 4299: 3883:attacks on targets in the United States) are 3657:Based on the 20th-century interpretations of 2825:(apostasy) is death and must be implemented". 2728:and popular Islamic religious practices (the 2588:"truth and falsehood cannot coexist on earth" 2379:the families of imprisoned terrorists and of 2173:and unprecedented support from Saudi Arabia, 2061:Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine 1739: 1188: 769: 60:. Please discuss this issue on the article's 20897:[The mysteries of the Nisman case]. 20559:"CSIS focuses on homegrown terrorism threat" 19720:. Archived from the original on 20 July 2006 19593:Waked, Ali; Roee Nahmias (9 February 2006). 18125: 17695: 16835: 16696: 16694: 16692: 16690: 16688: 16686: 16684: 16682: 16218:(in German). Deutsche Welle. 20 October 2017 15751: 15749: 15436:"Sheikh issues fatwa against all terrorists" 15301:Hannah Stuart (2014). Marco Lombardi (ed.). 14536: 14398:NPS Center for Homeland Defense and Security 14297: 13854: 13823: 13756: 13697:"Full text: bin Laden's 'letter to America'" 13551: 13549: 13547: 13545: 13422: 13382: 13344: 13171: 13148: 13002: 12979:"The ISIS' 'Management of Savagery' in Iraq" 12907:"The ISIS' 'Management of Savagery' in Iraq" 12835: 12656: 12228: 12080: 12033:"The Concept and Practice of Jihad in Islam" 11894:, by Lawrence Wright, NY, Knopf, 2006, 174-5 11724: 11364: 11082:The War for Muslim Minds: Islam and the West 10954: 10327:. University of Michigan Press. p. 58. 9883: 9432:"Obama: Why I won't say 'Islamic terrorism'" 9358:"The Religious Sources of Islamic Terrorism" 9299:"The Religious Sources of Islamic Terrorism" 9012: 9010: 8986: 8984: 8982: 8980: 8849:"Egypt's Counterinsurgency Success in Sinai" 8504:The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World 7542:, and the Netherlands regard Hezbollah as a 7185:of two synagogues, the British consulate in 6746:travelled to the conflict zone in Syria-Iraq 5387:more than 400,000 people have been displaced 5080:Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb 4187:described the background of the hundreds of 4099:and Bradley Thayer have argued that because 4063:rates correlated with greater production of 3879:argues that terrorist attacks (specifically 3755:Terrorism, Political Violence, and Extremism 3501:Al-Qaeda's splinter groups and competitors, 2939:"We love death like our enemies love life" ( 2792: 2387:intends billions of US dollars annually for 25184:North Korea and weapons of mass destruction 20523:"Facts about militant group Fatah al-Islam" 19384: 19233: 18521:"Därför är Frankrike så hårt terrordrabbat" 17363:"The Rising Tide of Islamism in Bangladesh" 17213: 16102:"Hamas uses kidnapping as a strategic tool" 15065:|By Max Rodenbeck| nytimes.com| 29 May 2005 14506:"U.S. study draws portrait of Iraq bombers" 14187: 13981: 13965:. The American Conservative. Archived from 13867:. Cambridge University Press. p. 118. 13633: 13582: 13213: 13157:"Croatian ISIS captive reportedly beheaded" 12558: 12207: 11865:. p. (Document page 3). Archived from 11780: 11484: 11129:. Cambridge University Press. p. 233. 10477: 10296:. Archived from the original on 9 May 2015. 9893:Nawaz, Maajid; Hasan, Mehdi (4 July 2012). 9856: 9854: 9852: 9850: 9848: 9825: 9325: 9323: 9247: 8901: 8693:. November 2015. p. 10. Archived from 8259:United States and state-sponsored terrorism 7340:organization by several Western countries. 6589:Terrorism in Italy § Islamic terrorism 5747:Attacks by Islamic extremists in Bangladesh 5326:Bureau Central d'Investigations Judiciaires 5211:where 15 were killed. Militants also fired 3815:United States' 2001 invasion of Afghanistan 3049:UK's involvement in Iraq and Afghanistan." 2736:), and a belief in the importance of armed 2671:assassinated Egyptian President Anwar Sadat 2434: 2248:, and the 11 September 2001 attacks on the 26179: 26165: 25966:The Gospel of the Flying Spaghetti Monster 25302: 25288: 24616: 24602: 24428:Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam 23247: 23233: 21800: 21786: 20901:(in Spanish). 9 March 2015. Archived from 20300:, Harvard University Press, (1994), p. 115 20021:"Hezbollah (a.k.a. Hizbollah, Hizbu'llah)" 19854: 19789:. Archived from the original on 3 May 2004 19746: 19078:Swedish Foreign Fighters in Syria and Iraq 19010: 18668:International Center for Counter-Terrorism 18292:Brisard, Jean-Charles (10 November 2016). 17951: 17849: 17718: 17716: 17204: 16944: 16184:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 15843: 15756:Callimachi, Rukmini Maria (29 July 2014). 15755: 14435:"The Strategic Logic of Suicide Terrorism" 14231:. NY: St. Martin's Press. pp. 88–93. 13476:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 13126: 12844: 12750:Sharī'a: Theory, Practice, Transformations 12657:Pillalamarri, Akhilesh (29 January 2016). 12464: 12250: 12106:Full text: bin Laden's 'letter to America' 11936: 11823:The Al Qaeda Discourse of the Greater Kufr 11735:"Islam, Terror and the Second Nuclear Age" 11697: 11548: 11404:"The Mideast Threat That's Hard to Define" 11402:Ibrahim, Youssef Michel (11 August 2002). 11208: 11150:Cordesman, Anthony H. (31 December 2002). 11121: 10935:. Naval Post Graduate School. p. 72. 10766: 10717: 10212: 10167: 9947: 9921: 9892: 9508: 9480: 9329: 9089: 8897: 8895: 8778: 8562: 8542:Thomas Hegghammer (2013). "Terrorism". In 8467:raised it by four fold in a short period.) 7569:is an Islamist group operating out of the 7096:In 2010, Taimour Abdulwahab al-Abdaly, an 6703:under the name Jawad S. who held a German 6148:2004 bombings of commuter trains in Madrid 5355:Danish Institute for International Studies 5209:attacked an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa 5120:killed 8 people and injured more than 85. 4897:, who had been held since September 2013. 4698:Hostage taking, kidnappings and executions 4027:young Muslims to join the jihad and kill. 3375:Donald Holbrook, a Research Fellow at the 3187:). The danger, according to some (such as 1746: 1732: 1195: 1181: 776: 762: 25309: 21130:Cooper, William Wager; Yue, Piyu (2008). 21055: 20778: 19981: 19916: 19705: 19381:. 10 April 2017. Retrieved 12 April 2017. 19075:Linus Gustafsson Magnus Ranstorp (2017). 18857: 18635:"The measure of expulsions for extremism" 18562: 18452: 18340: 17380:The Columbia World Dictionary of Islamism 17214:Saidazimova, Gulnoza (6 September 2007). 16900:. Columbia University Press. p. 88. 16679: 16099: 15746: 15706: 15391:Jewish News Weekly of Northern California 15212: 14940: 14938: 14467: 14322: 14320: 14273:Terrorism: an Identity Theory Perspective 13994:. Washingtoninstitute.org. Archived from 13956: 13764:"Wheat Prices – 40 Year Historical Chart" 13542: 13450: 13448: 13446: 13155:Lee, Ian; Hanna, Jason (12 August 2015). 13068: 12633: 12315:The Oxford Handbook of Islam and Politics 12281: 12085:. Harper San Francisco. pp. 49, 50. 12024: 11681:Terrorism: the Power and Weakness of Fear 11509: 11451:Lynch III, Thomas F. (29 December 2008). 11450: 11302:International Islamic Relief Organization 11217:"Documents Back Saudi Link to Extremists" 11214: 11149: 10793: 10456:. NY: Prometheist Books. pp. 17–22. 10257:Jacobsen, Scott Douglas (12 March 2019). 10236: 10219:Egger, Clara; Magni-Berton, Raul (2021). 9863:"Qutbism: An Ideology of Islamic-Fascism" 9199:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 9119: 9016: 9007: 8977: 8807: 8444:, and has traditionally been undisputed.) 8415:One estimate is that during the reign of 8374:Muslim Brotherhood was crushed after 1954 7422:Learn how and when to remove this message 7297:United Nations Commission on Human Rights 6836:in the North Caucasus, such as the local 6675:, a second-generation Moroccan-Dutchman, 6571:In the 2015–2020 time span, there were 9 5841:are militant groups seeking accession of 5763:, government buildings and major hotels. 4725:series of abductions of American citizens 4261:suicide bombers killing only themselves. 3807: 3612:, jihad was not a "personal obligation" ( 3252:, Shukri Mustaf had been imprisoned with 3068:". This hostility is further extended to 2575:the absolute necessity of enforcement of 24981:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 20858: 20617:Terrorism in the United States 2002–2005 20173: 20167: 20127: 20097: 19958: 19926:. September–October 2006. Archived from 19865:"An Islamic Republic Is Hezbollah's Aim" 19772: 19595:"Putin: Hamas not a terror organization" 19421: 18749:"Jihadist knifeman shot in nine seconds" 18632: 18453:Gatehouse, Jonathon (12 December 2018). 18312: 18164: 18088: 17899: 17516: 17328:"Uzbekistan: Who's Behind The Violence?" 17319: 16974: 16926:Combating Terrorism Center at West Point 16893: 16589: 16375:Combating Terrorism Center at West Point 16345:Combating Terrorism Center at West Point 16065:Combating Terrorism Center at West Point 15926: 15680: 15608: 15516:"Interview Grand Ayatollah Yusef Saanei" 15294: 15184: 15119: 15011:International Journal of Kurdish Studies 14194:. Harvard University Press. p. 57. 14072:The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy 13555: 13299: 13154: 12338: 12336: 12334: 12179:"Why We Hate You & Why We Fight You" 11996: 11994: 11819: 11649: 11570:Saudi Arabia's Curriculum of Intolerance 11561: 11012: 10978: 10256: 9860: 9845: 9826:Porterfield, Carlie (25 November 2020). 9320: 9312:Anthony H. Cordesman (17 October 2017). 9228:van Natta Jr., Don (17 September 2003). 8990: 8632: 8432:(The punishment is agreed on by all the 7671: 7145: 7047:Danish Security and Intelligence Service 6807:Since 2000, Russia has also experienced 6755: 5301:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 5213:shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missiles 5207:On 28 November 2002, Al-Qaeda militants 5062:Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present) 5010: 4832: 3833:would increase the threat of terrorism. 3764: 3626:), and it could only be directed by the 3536: 3365:Interpretations of the Qur'an and Hadith 2821:"The punishment of kufr (disbelief) and 231:Special-interest / Single-issue 24689:Operation Enduring Freedom participants 23557:Justice and Development Party (Morocco) 21655:Fatwa on Terrorism and Suicide Bombings 21579: 21425:Unholy War: Terror in the Name of Islam 20998: 20982:"Full transcript of bin Ladin's speech" 20627: 20587: 20556: 19964: 19567: 19565: 19239: 18850:Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism Studies 18555:Terrorism and Counter-Terrorism Studies 18548: 18544: 18542: 18291: 17833: 17831: 17776: 17713: 17620: 17618: 17360: 17301:Terrorism Monitor, Jamestown Foundation 17285: 17232: 17222:from the original on 11 September 2007. 17191: 17047: 16729: 16727: 15972: 15949: 15812: 15349: 15149: 14075:. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 12615: 12528:Nesroullah Yous; Salima Mellah (2000). 12437: 12120: 11679:Romero, Juan (2022). "Rules of jihad". 11401: 10960: 10401: 9719: 9375: 9253: 9194: 9100:Handbook of Islamic Sects and Movements 8999:(3). Terrorism Research Initiative and 8892: 7703:Jihadist extremism in the United States 6877:In 2004, Madrid commuters suffered the 6619:, with most of the deportees come from 6343:citizens or had ancestral roots there. 5780:attacks and murders of atheist bloggers 5215:at an airliner which escaped unharmed. 5107:al-Qaeda's Maghreb jihadists affiliates 4723:, another is shooting. In the 1980s, a 4510:, a Sunni jihadist leader in Iraq, and 4436:traditional authority of Muslim clerics 3696:, al-Qaeda member and former leader of 2969:Justification for killing noncombatants 2961:in 1977, commemorating his son's death) 2308: 1126:Jihadist extremism in the United States 26653: 26484:Charities accused of ties to terrorism 23562:Justice and Development Party (Turkey) 20652: 20211:from the original on 24 September 2015 19711: 19070: 19068: 19011:Checa, A.; Rallo, A. (29 April 2007). 18980: 18976: 18974: 18972: 18970: 18968: 18966: 18964: 18692: 18661: 18657: 18655: 18628: 18626: 18121: 18119: 18117: 17900:Archetti, Cristina (29 October 2012). 17748: 16782: 16780: 16778: 16700: 16335: 16333: 16331: 16329: 16027: 15729: 15652: 15185:Cambanis, Thanassis (3 October 2015). 15068: 15056: 15004: 14998: 14935: 14839: 14795: 14702: 14410: 14317: 13860: 13829: 13660: 13454: 13443: 13392:The Assassins, a radical sect in Islam 13074: 13021: 12989: 12976: 12930: 12904: 12682: 12659:"Revealed: Why ISIS Hates the Taliban" 12622:Contemporary Review of the Middle East 12443: 12288:. Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 48–49. 11942: 11916: 11897: 11884: 11678: 11631: 10925: 10483: 10114: 9986:Daniel Benjamin; Steven Simon (2002). 9580: 9397: 9296: 8907:"Islamic Statements Against Terrorism" 8575: 7693:Islamic terrorism in the United States 7254:Israel and the Palestinian territories 7220:("Caliphate State", Hilafet Devleti). 4979: 4785: 4386:was a teacher and community activist. 3760: 3616:); instead it was a "collective one" ( 3132:(leader of al-Qaeda since June 2011), 3128:This principle has been emphasized by 2931:Jihadist comparisons of life and death 2832: 2246:1993 bombing of the World Trade Center 2100:) nationalist ideologies at the time. 2055:Palestinian secular movements such as 2042:, and coinciding with the creation of 579:Charities accused of ties to terrorism 26160: 25283: 25218:Targeted Killing in International Law 25099:Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse 24597: 24320: 24052: 24017:International propagation of Salafism 23836: 23228: 22980: 22748: 22364: 21781: 21770:Articles related to Islamic terrorism 21768: 20847:Acusan a Irán por el ataque a la AMIA 20633: 19778: 19469: 19036: 18232:"Why did the bombers target Belgium?" 18229: 17751:"Europe hasn't won the war on terror" 17525:. Australian Broadcasting Corporation 17365:. defenddemocracy.org. Archived from 17361:Hossain, Maneeza (16 February 2006). 17349:Jama'atul Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB) 17342: 17291: 17000: 16469: 16001: 15973:Elliott, Francis (5 September 2014). 15900: 15033: 14944: 14842:"Why Do Terrorists Commit Terrorism?" 14654: 14572: 14352: 14326: 14226: 14129: 14029:"US Support for Israel prompted 9/11" 13694: 13666: 13639: 13591: 13388: 13353: 13253: 13222: 13184: 13100: 13056:from the original on 10 February 2021 12956: 12878: 12845:Peters, Rudolph; Cook, David (2014). 12594:. Human Rights Watch. 1 November 1998 12564: 12331: 12256: 12030: 11991: 11853: 11786: 11750: 11703: 11594: 11323: 11266: 11077: 10984: 10926:Dillon, Michael R. (September 2009). 10868: 10449: 10320: 9956: 9927: 9596:Baba, Noor Ahmad (17 November 1992). 9576: 9574: 9572: 9570: 9568: 9176:from the original on 16 February 2015 8960:"Moderate Muslims Stand against ISIS" 8958:Christine Sisto (23 September 2014). 7830:Asociación Mutual Israelita Argentina 7491:2006–2008 Lebanese political protests 7347:operate in the Gaza Strip including: 7082:Swedish decision to join NATO in 2022 6840:Muslim population, whom they view as 6449:Finnish Security Intelligence Service 6432:where Abderrahman Bouanane, a failed 5204:in an attack that claimed 213 lives. 4459:—quite ironic given their proclaimed 3473:1992 bombing of a hotel in Aden Yemen 1881:); the glory and heavenly rewards of 1846:. These include retribution by armed 25264: 24121:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 22749: 22365: 21739:Fairleigh Dickinson University Press 21405:The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? 21195:Scheuer, Michael; Anonymous (2004). 21180:. University of Pennsylvania Press. 21094:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam. 20828:from the original on 7 November 2006 20245: 20091: 20013: 19889: 19562: 19522:Report on Terrorist Incidents – 2006 19361: 19351:"Bomben skulle ha dödat 40 personer" 19284: 18990:. Milano: ISPI. pp. 24, 35–37. 18539: 18498:from the original on 1 December 2018 17973:. 2018. pp. 5–9, 22–25, 35–36. 17828: 17777:Dearden, Lizzie (15 November 2015). 17615: 17325: 16724: 16517: 16444:Press Association (3 October 2016). 16059:Hill, Jonathan N.C. (30 July 2014). 16058: 15781: 15707:Abdelaziz, Salma (13 October 2014). 15653:Thomas, Andrea (24 September 2014). 15627: 15319: 14429: 13906: 12518:, 21 January (quoted in Willis 1996) 12399: 12379: 12121:Gilliam, Joshua (15 February 2018). 11968: 11801:from the original on 11 January 2022 11672: 11650:Jahangir, Junaid (18 January 2017). 11435: 11159:. CSIS. pp. 6–7. Archived from 11086:. Harvard University Press. p. 10964:The Wahhabi Mission and Saudi Arabia 10659:, London: I.B. Tauris, 2002, page 31 10072: 9595: 9552: 9534:Mohamad Jebara More Mohamad Jebara. 9461:U.S. Department of Homeland Security 9430:Diaz, Daniella (29 September 2016). 9429: 9155: 8678:"Global Terrorism Index Report 2015" 8350:(Muslims who follow only Quran) and 8051:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 8000:Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami Bangladesh 7988:Great Eastern Islamic Raiders' Front 7824:An incident from 1994, known as the 7374: 7238:List of bombings during the Iraq War 7199:Great Eastern Islamic Raiders' Front 7129:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 6927:Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant 6802:Riyad-us Saliheen Brigade of Martyrs 6524:France's secular domestic policies ( 6217:According to the British think tank 6150:, where 191 people were killed, the 6110: 5974:Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao 5800:, meaning "Islamic Jihad Movement", 5655:in March and April 2004. Gunmen and 4909:, and an American official told the 4851:A 2014 investigation, by journalist 3891:or religion, but by the belief that 2684: 2285:Motives for the September 11 attacks 20: 23837: 23331:Guardianship of the Islamic Jurists 21734:The Decline of Eastern Christianity 21611:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 21078:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 21058:The Essentials of – Global Politics 20999:Michael, Maggie (29 October 2004). 20721: 20326:, St. Martins Press, 1997 pp. 89–90 20174:Spangler, Timothy (25 March 2011). 20027:. 13 September 2008. Archived from 19924:"Briefing: Lebanese Public Opinion" 19700:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 19581:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 19535:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 19290: 19065: 18961: 18886:"Changing face of terror in Russia" 18662:Marone, Francesco (13 March 2017). 18652: 18623: 18114: 17906:. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 103. 17453: 17175:"Central Asia Report: 7 April 2004" 17105:. April 2007. Volume 19, No. 6(C). 16775: 16590:Descours, Guillaume (30 May 2016). 16401:"Kenya university attack kills 147" 16326: 16100:Gorzewski, Andreas (22 July 2014). 15866: 15846:"Italian Abducted in Nigeria Freed" 15732:"Boko Haram: The essence of terror" 15681:Willsher, Kim (23 September 2014). 15611:"Muslim scholar condemns terrorism" 14947:"Understanding, Not Indoctrination" 14919:. Islamfortoday.com. Archived from 14893:Bernard Lewis (27 September 2001). 14811:"The Case for Calling Them Nitwits" 14188:Harris, Sam; Nawaz, Maajid (2015). 14130:Purdy, Matthew (25 February 1997). 13723: 13223:Gorka, Sebastian (3 October 2009). 12905:Crooke, Alastair (30 August 2014). 12855:. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 11820:Figueira, Daurius (November 2004). 11639:. London: I.B. Tauris. p. 130. 11018: 10988:Jihad: The Trail of Political Islam 10657:Jihad: the Trail of Political Islam 10225:Studies in Conflict & Terrorism 10184: 9385:. Global Village Space. 2 June 2019 9355: 9349: 8132:Students' Islamic Movement of India 7861:then-current Argentinian government 7438:. Its leaders were inspired by the 7320:Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine 6711:, directly referring to politician 6025:with the stated goal of creating a 5857:, another militant group active in 5822:Category:Islamic terrorism in India 5793: 5478:1998 United States embassy bombings 5001:List of designated terrorist groups 4943:Kidnapping as psychological warfare 2801:, specifically the teachings that: 2759:Up until at least 2017 or so (when 2634:classical jurisprudential tradition 1983: 1027:Insurgency in the Maghreb and Sahel 952:Islamic Jihad Movement in Palestine 13: 26525:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial 26489:Designated terrorist organizations 21218: 21007:. Associated Press. Archived from 20818:"Iran charged over Argentina bomb" 20588:Seymour, Andrew (26 August 2010). 19215:"Stark lobby och få dåd i Sverige" 18920:. 3 September 2014. Archived from 18693:Rosman, Cyril (11 December 2018). 18126:van Ostaeyen, Pieter (June 2016). 17749:Nesser, Petter (5 December 2018). 17351:, from South Asia Terrorism Portal 17267:"US FBI joins Uzbek blast inquiry" 17120:"Car Bomber Kills 2 in Tajikistan" 15609:Casciani, Dominic (2 March 2010). 15260:. Almashriq.hiof.no. 20 March 1998 15247:(New York: I.B. Tauris, 2003), 107 15120:Goldberg, J.J. (9 November 2017). 13963:The American Conservative magazine 13830:Abadie, Alberto (September 2005). 13485:from the original on 28 March 2016 12990:Hassan, Hassan (8 February 2015). 12957:McCoy, Terrence (12 August 2014). 12931:Hassan, Hassan (8 February 2015). 12879:McCoy, Terrence (12 August 2014). 11917:Gerges, Fawaz A. (18 March 2016). 11787:Blair, David (24 September 2001). 11349:existing mosques to propagate the 10410:from the original on 28 June 2011. 10402:Livesey, Bruce (25 January 2005). 9565: 9553:KHAN, SHEEMA (29 September 2014). 8873:Constanze Letsch (November 2014). 8602:10.1093/oso/9780190092153.003.0002 8234:List of Islamist terrorist attacks 8209:Iran and state-sponsored terrorism 7794:2021 Auckland supermarket stabbing 7086:Swedish anti-terrorism bill (2023) 6536:France has a large Muslim minority 6259:Attacks on Western lifestyle: the 6195:were, carried out by non-Muslims. 6017:in their fight for an independent 5901:Students Islamic Movement of India 5247:Category:Islamic terrorism in Mali 4995:Examples of organizations and acts 4663: 4549:Muslim attitudes towards terrorism 4291:people join, including converts". 4115:serves as a mechanism to mitigate 4021:emotional and behavioral disorders 3340:... Enslaving the families of the 2546:, who wrote a manifesto (known as 2407:people join, including converts". 1957:US Department of Homeland Security 1869:, including by reestablishing the 1143:Foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq 1067:Moro insurgency in the Philippines 14: 26687: 25149:Enhanced interrogation techniques 24945:Georgia Sustainment and Stability 24833:al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula 24623: 24433:Popular Arab and Islamic Congress 21632:Understanding Islam through Hadis 20794:. 25 October 2006. Archived from 20371:, St. Martins Press, 1997, p. 127 19949:"Huge Beirut protest backs Syria" 19880:. 2 August 2006. 1 November 2007. 19627:; Berrebi, Claude (Summer 2007). 19254:from the original on 18 June 2022 19240:Wintour, Patrick (14 June 2022). 18944:"Designation of Caucasus Emirate" 18341:Rosendahl, Jussi (15 June 2018). 18063: 17626:"Foreign Terrorist Organizations" 17601:"Attack May Spoil Kashmir Summit" 17196:. cacianalyst.org. Archived from 17192:Peimani, Hooman (21 April 2004). 17048:Marszal, Andrew (18 March 2015). 16470:Swann, Steve (22 November 2016). 16377:. 24 October 2013. Archived from 16347:. 29 October 2012. Archived from 15282:. Almashriq.hiof.no. 20 June 1997 15213:DeAngelis, Tori (November 2009). 15051:Stanford University press release 14821:from the original on 10 June 2010 14443:American Political Science Review 14277:Studies in Conflict and Terrorism 13838:. (NBER Working Paper No. 10859. 13530:from the original on 12 June 2018 13455:Bunzel, Cole (18 February 2016). 13312:War and Peace in the Law of Islam 13075:Wright, Lawrence (16 June 2014). 12977:Crooke, Alastair (30 June 2014). 12311:"Islam and power in Saudi Arabia" 12159:from the original on 18 June 2016 12031:KNAPP, MICHAEL G. (Spring 2003). 10440:. Knopf. ISBN 0-375-41486-X. p.37 10185:Roy, Olivier (18 December 2015). 9861:Eikmeier, Dale C. (Spring 2007). 8691:Institute for Economics and Peace 7450:entity" in Lebanon, bringing the 7444:Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps 7337:Palestine Liberation Organization 7104:. According to investigations by 6333:Moroccan citizens live in Belgium 5937: 5353:According to a researcher at the 5235:North-Eastern and Coast provinces 5227:Garissa University College attack 5090:In January 2016, terrorists from 4974:death and ransoming of Oron Shaul 4846:Al-Qaida in the Arabian Peninsula 4543:Muslim attitudes toward terrorism 4219:described the characteristic of " 3742:committing suicide to kill people 3105:According to a doctrine known as 2279:Attacker profiles and motivations 2209:of the Saudi government; and the 2127:organization. Israeli journalist 26235: 25370:Unification Church in Japan 25263: 25254: 25253: 25124:Combatant Status Review Tribunal 25073:President's Surveillance Program 25068:Military Commissions Act of 2009 25063:Military Commissions Act of 2006 25016:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 24991:Moro conflict in the Philippines 24986:Insurgency in the North Caucasus 24321: 23209: 23208: 23197: 22728:Schools of islamic jurisprudence 21976:Timeline of the history of Islam 21807: 21049: 21023: 20992: 20974: 20938: 20920: 20810: 20756: 20738: 20699: 20676: 20646: 20581: 20550: 20528: 20387: 20374: 20361: 20342:, St. Martins Press, 1997, p. 54 20316: 20303: 20290: 20271: 20223: 20193: 20098:Frykberg, Mel (29 August 2008). 19965:Ghattas, Kim (1 December 2006). 19955:. 8 March 2005. 7 February 2007. 19942: 19692: 19671: 19637:Journal of Economic Perspectives 19586: 19574: 19540: 19527: 19515: 19463: 19441: 19415: 19406: 19343: 19310: 19266: 19207: 19181: 19155: 19125: 19004: 18936: 18910: 18878: 18866: 18837: 18811: 18767: 18741: 18715: 18686: 18597: 18571: 18446: 18416: 18386: 18360: 18334: 18257: 18223: 18165:Schreuer, Milan (21 June 2017). 18057: 17923: 17893: 17875: 17770: 17742: 17676: 17643: 17593: 17567: 17537: 17510: 17484: 17447: 17417: 17385: 17373: 17354: 17259: 17218:. RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 17185: 17167: 17140: 17112: 17094: 17072: 17041: 17019: 16914: 16887: 16861: 16753: 16667:. Mauritius News & L'Express 16657: 16631: 16609: 16583: 16557: 16534: 16518:Abel, Vinesen (5 October 2016). 16511: 16489: 16463: 16437: 16415: 16393: 16363: 16304: 16283: 16253: 16230: 16192: 16145: 16116: 16093: 16021: 15966: 15943: 15920: 15894: 15860: 15837: 15806: 15775: 15700: 15674: 15646: 15621: 15602: 15570: 15556: 15530: 15508: 15482: 15456: 15427: 15405: 15379: 15272: 15250: 15237: 15094: 14973: 14945:Sells, Michael (8 August 2002). 14909: 14886: 14877: 14868: 14859: 14769: 14756: 14730: 14696: 14648: 14566: 14498: 14423: 14404: 14377: 14346: 14327:Burke, Jason (23 October 2010). 14291: 14282: 14245: 14172: 14142: 14123: 14089: 14055: 14021: 13959:"The Logic of Suicide Terrorism" 13950: 13936: 13920:. stopwar.org.uk. Archived from 13888: 13794: 13781: 13743: 13688: 13667:Sachs, Susan (14 October 2001). 13640:Stern, Jessica (November 2001). 13570:from the original on 9 June 2018 13416: 13247: 13077:"ISIS's Savage Strategy in Iraq" 12950: 12924: 12801: 12740: 12727: 12714: 12616:Kadivar, Jamileh (18 May 2020). 12592:"THE MASSACRE IN MAZAR-I SHARIF" 12584: 12565:Ajami, Fouad (27 January 2010). 12546: 12521: 12507: 12478: 12450:. Rand Corporation. p. 70. 12424: 12366: 12302: 12171: 12140: 12099: 12074: 12065: 11813: 11751:Weber, Joseph (September 2020). 11744: 11643: 11478: 11429: 11373:. Harper San Francisco. p. 11358: 11215:LICHTBLAU, ERIC (23 June 2009). 11178: 11115: 10942:from the original on 18 May 2021 10900: 10876:"Saudi Arabia. Wahhabi Theology" 10850: 9268:10.1111/j.1477-7053.2007.00229.x 8457: 8447: 8426: 8409: 8158: 8114:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 8033:Islamic Movement of Central Asia 7895: 7870: 7799: 7667: 7636: 7379: 7248:National Counterterrorism Center 7092:Islamic terror attacks in Sweden 6905:which had replaced the GIA, and 6883:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 6639:constituting the largest group. 6326:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 6244:Indiscriminate killings: London 6115: 5367:2017 Barcelona terrorist attacks 5293:Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group 4637:A group of Pakistani clerics of 4569:Views of modern Islamic scholars 3634:'s jihad against and killing of 3302:was a motive for the slaughter. 3036:In 2006, Britain's then head of 2538:Qutbism is named after Egyptian 2157:had carried out multiple deadly 1852:for the perceived injustices of 1279:Unification Church in Japan 1164: 1114:Islamic terrorism in the Balkans 1062:Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 40:to read and navigate comfortably 25: 24940:Georgia Train and Equip Program 24489:Contemporary Islamic philosophy 23069:List of ex-Muslim organisations 21427:. Oxford University Press, US. 21408:. Oxford University Press, US. 21073: 21067: 20431:"Hezbollah disarmament unclear" 17517:Thompson, Geoff (13 May 2004). 17393:"Ansarullah Bangla Team banned" 17239:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty 17233:Pannier, Bruce (27 July 2004). 17016:, MSN. Retrieved 19 March 2015. 16958:. 18 March 2015. Archived from 16928:. 14 April 2017. Archived from 16126:; Jodi Rudoren (22 July 2014). 16028:Chulov, Martin (16 June 2014). 15901:Rosen, Armin (20 August 2014). 15280:"Hizbullah: Views and Concepts" 14303:"Understanding Terror Networks" 13395:. Basic Books. p. xi–xii. 13260:The Political Language of Islam 12735:The Political Language of Islam 12497: 12376:Birmingham: Amadeus Books, 2002 12008:. ICJS Research. Archived from 11943:POWELL, CALEB (December 2017). 11489:. Nova Publishers. p. 26. 10809:. Da Capo Press, Incorporated. 10753: 10704: 10691: 10678: 10631: 10618: 10605: 10592: 10579: 10566: 10553: 10540: 10527: 10514: 10502: 10430: 10395: 10386: 10373: 10149: 10135: 10115:Travis, Alan (20 August 2008). 10092: 10033: 10004: 9979: 9793: 9767: 9741: 9693: 9679: 9658: 9644: 9589: 9527: 9305: 9290: 9188: 8951: 8921: 8866: 8841: 8723:; Hasell, Joe; Appel, Cameron; 8392: 8380: 8366: 8357: 8324: 8314: 8301: 7976:East Turkestan Islamic Movement 7603: 7549:blowing up the American embassy 6177:a series of coordinated attacks 6063:Foreign Terrorist Organizations 5761:Shahjalal International Airport 5753:Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh 5572: 5342:In 2017, it was estimated that 5218:On Saturday 21 September 2013, 5118:Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb 5092:Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb 5085: 4917:of journalists James Foley and 4678:bombing as forbidden by Islam. 4149:The Better Angels of Our Nature 4122:Along with his research on the 3982:Socio-psychological development 3977:Socio-psychological motivations 3507:Islamic State of Iraq and Syria 3431:Classical Islamic jurisprudence 3412:Jihad and Islamic jurisprudence 2879:against taking one's own life. 2648:of the Muslim world had become 1057:Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir 1052:East Turkestan Islamic Movement 42:. When this tag was added, its 25995:Books critical of Christianity 25129:Criticism of the war on terror 25083:Terrorist Surveillance Program 24888:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan 24641:War in Afghanistan (2001-2021) 24423:Soviet invasion of Afghanistan 23552:Justice and Construction Party 20557:Macleod, Ian (14 March 2008). 20298:The Failure of Political Islam 20233:. Algemeiner.com. 4 April 2013 19967:"Political ferment in Lebanon" 19357:(in Swedish). 5 December 2011. 19221:(in Swedish). 28 December 2017 18729:(in Swedish). 3 September 2018 18230:Burke, Jason (22 March 2016). 17551:. 27 July 2002. Archived from 16788:"Who are Somalia's al-Shabab?" 16237:Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. 16002:Malas, Nour (22 August 2014). 15813:Kington, Tom (10 March 2012). 15434:Jerome Taylor (3 March 2010). 15005:Shasha, David (January 2002). 14840:Bergen, Peter (15 June 2016). 14578:"Genesis of Suicide Terrorism" 14107:. 27 July 2006. Archived from 13803:"Does Poverty Cause Terrorism" 13556:Townsend, Mark (13 May 2018). 13320:Johns Hopkins University Press 12683:Bunzel, Cole (February 2019). 11510:Cordesman, Anthony H. (2002). 11485:Malbouisson, Cofie D. (2007). 11298:World Assembly of Muslim Youth 11026:The Failure of Political Islam 10045:Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 9959:"What Do the Terrorists Want?" 9928:Hasan, Mehdi (29 March 2017). 8764: 8739: 8712: 8670: 8626: 8535: 8480: 8239:Palestinian political violence 8042:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan 7865:Cristina Fernández de Kirchner 7787: 7782:2018 Melbourne stabbing attack 7762:2014 Endeavour Hills stabbings 7699:Terrorism in the United States 7685:11 September terrorist attacks 7287:against Israelis, principally 6903:Group for Preaching and Combat 6901:, the Algerian Salafist group 6864:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria 6688:2018 Amsterdam stabbing attack 6642: 6491:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria 6322:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria 6261:Manchester bombing in May 2017 5953: 5924:2019 Sri Lanka Easter bombings 5667:(IJU) claimed responsibility. 5577: 5429:Somalia and the Horn of Africa 5381:. By December 2020, more than 5159:On 29 December 2017 in Cairo, 5152:organization, carried out the 4516:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria 3898:Israel–United States relations 3704:and referred to in English as 3400:for God is forgiving and kind. 3277:Armed Islamic Group of Algeria 2255: 2227: 2119:'s urban guerrilla theory and 2029: 1908: 1897:that "Islamic terrorism" is a 1210:This article is of a series on 1121:Islamism in the United Kingdom 1087:Arab mujahideen in Afghanistan 928:Notable jihadist organisations 1: 26186: 26015:Books critical of Scientology 25164:Guantanamo Bay detention camp 24807:Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Bahaziq 24494:Islamic response to modernity 21176:Understanding terror networks 20895:"Los enigmas del caso Nisman" 20727:"AMIA Bombing Commemorated", 20634:Yager, Jordy (25 July 2010). 20253:"GCC: Hezbollah terror group" 19779:Shatz, Adam (29 April 2004). 19712:Jamail, Dahr (20 July 2006). 18633:ispisito (14 December 2018). 18527:(in Swedish). 3 November 2020 17883:"Daily chart: Terror attacks" 17861:. Europol. 2017. p. 10. 16763:. France 24. 13 December 2016 16154:African futures: Horizon 2025 15782:Hill, J.N.C. (30 July 2014). 15628:Shay, Shaul (December 2013). 15305:. IOS Press. pp. 74–76. 15078:. 2 June 2010. Archived from 14257:Journal of Strategic Security 13861:Lieber, Robert James (2005). 13597:"The Psychology of Terrorism" 13101:NEGUS, STEVE (1 April 2015). 12400:Mili, Hayder (29 June 2006). 12348:Oxford Islamic Studies Online 12282:Halverson, Jeffry R. (2010). 12081:Abou El Fadl, Khaled (2005). 11919:"The World According to ISIS" 11753:"13. The Glory of the Shahid" 11473:across the Arabian Peninsula. 11365:Abou El Fadl, Khaled (2005). 11187:"Global Terrorism Index 2020" 10907:House, Karen Elliott (2012). 10830:Natana J. DeLong-Bas (2007). 10453:The Mind of the Islamic State 10238:10.1080/1057610X.2019.1571696 10047:(in German). 18 August 2017. 9729:. Rand Corporation. p. V 9025:. pp. 30ff, 61ff, 83ff. 8436:(Islamic jurisprudence) both 8289: 8108:Moro Islamic Liberation Front 7281:Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades 7035:Swedish state welfare systems 6874:, an average of 12 per year. 6781:Moscow theater hostage crisis 6777:secular separatist government 6520:are, in no particular order: 6097:Al-Qaeda activities in Europe 5891:2001 Indian Parliament attack 5740: 5735: 5633: 5621: 5598: 5383:3,500 people have been killed 5372: 5195:Eastleigh district in Nairobi 5116:, terrorists affiliated with 4681: 4109:promises of harems of virgins 4013:Understanding Terror Networks 4003:Characteristics of terrorists 3944:killing the Yazidi population 3002:2014 Peshawar school massacre 2855:"), and the suicide attacker 2199:Israeli occupation of Lebanon 25924:Letter to a Christian Nation 25139:Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri 25031:al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 23254: 23054:Apostasy in Islam by country 22931:Liberalism and progressivism 21358:. Wyndham Hall Press, Ohio. 21339:. Wyndham Hall Press, Ohio. 21136:. Emerald Group Publishing. 21082:. Harvard University Press. 20653:Saslow, Eli (12 July 2011). 20457:International Herald Tribune 20313:, Random House, 2005, p. 129 20025:Council on Foreign Relations 19786:The New York Review of Books 19714:"Hezbollah's transformation" 19455:(in Turkish). Archived from 19297:Stockholm Center for Freedom 18981:Vidino; et al. (2018). 18400:(in Swedish). Archived from 17179:RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty 16701:Vidino; et al. (2018). 16267:. 5 May 2005. Archived from 15357:"Open Letter to AL-Baghdadi" 15150:DRENNAN, SHANE (June 2008). 14982:Encyclopedia of Christianity 13322:. p. 60. Archived from 13134:The New York Review of Books 12475:By Katerina Dalacoura, p.113 12447:Radical Islam in East Africa 12232:Handbook of Leaving Religion 9990:. Random House. p. 40. 9723:Countering the New Terrorism 8474: 7930:, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, UK 7804: 7755: 7485:) immediately following the 7467:satellite television-station 7404:Knowledge's inclusion policy 7260:Israeli–Palestinian conflict 6809:a string of suicide bombings 6790:Beslan school hostage crisis 6021:in western Mindanao and the 5960:Terrorism in the Philippines 5942: 5917: 5798:Ḥarkat al-Jihād al-Islāmiyah 5715:2013 Tiananmen Square attack 5682: 5251: 4803:Islamist self-justifications 4739:, more than 200 kidnappings 4030:According to anthropologist 3950:(tents in fact) on women in 3823:Dame Eliza Manningham Buller 3096:" entitled to protection as 3029:, dating back as far as the 2375:, for example, is known for 2357:counter-intelligence agency 1047:Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen 7: 26671:Islam-related controversies 26010:Books critical of Mormonism 25207:State Sponsors of Terrorism 25078:Protect America Act of 2007 24097:Militant Islamism based in 23740:Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi 21354:Dennis, Anthony J. (2002). 21335:Dennis, Anthony J. (1996). 21031:"Excerpts: Bin Laden video" 21005:The San Diego Union-Tribune 20709:. PBS Frontline. 2 May 2002 19890:Deeb, Lara (31 July 2006). 18585:(in French). 3 January 2021 18204:. p. 1. Archived from 18072:(in German). Archived from 16894:Reinares, Fernando (2016). 16499:. L'Express. 8 October 2016 16425:L'Express. 12 December 2015 15730:Lister, Tim (5 June 2015). 15578:"The_MIPT_Terrorism_Annual" 15518:. PBS/Frontline. 2 May 2002 15413:"Terrorism has no religion" 15393:. Jweekly.com. 25 June 2009 14984:. Oxford University Press. 14462:(inactive 30 August 2024). 13269:University of Chicago Press 13129:"Paris: The War ISIS Wants" 12261:. Touchstone. p. 229. 12218:. The Voice of the Martyrs. 10991:. I.B. Tauris. p. 51. 10970:. I.B.Tauris. p. 141. 10836:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 4–. 10761:The Prophet and the Pharaoh 10712:The Prophet and the Pharaoh 10073:WOOD, GRAEME (March 2015). 9356:Bar, Shmuel (1 June 2004). 8816:Global Terrorism Index 2016 8151: 8120:National Thowheeth Jama'ath 7863:including former president 7817:, which has been linked to 7658:2006 Ontario terrorism plot 7226:Hereketa İslamiya Kurdistan 7177:Hezbollah in Lebanon) is a 7125:2017 Stockholm truck attack 7051:2010 Copenhagen terror plot 6971:Islamic terrorism in Europe 6473:November 2015 Paris attacks 6377:November 2015 Paris attacks 6359:November 2015 Paris attacks 6152:7 July 2005 London bombings 6093:Islamic terrorism in Europe 6068: 6037:(Malaysia, Indonesia), the 5928:National Thowheeth Jama'ath 5906: 5506:Pakistani resident of Spain 5471: 5466:2000 Jarafa mosque massacre 5123:The terrorist organization 4925:appealed to members of the 4745:kidnapping of Alan Johnston 3850:. Kramer explains that the 3545:flag, with the top saying " 3503:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad 2665:, the main theoretician of 2663:Muhammad abd-al-Salam Faraj 2661:One who did argue this was 2526:but infidels/kafir waging " 2242:state-sponsors of terrorism 2177:and the US for anti-Soviet 1948:for what should be called " 1901:for what should be called " 1109:Islamic terrorism in Europe 967:Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan 957:Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad 574:Designated terrorist groups 52:content into sub-articles, 10: 26692: 26217:Anti-terrorism legislation 25917:God: The Failed Hypothesis 25903:God in the Age of Science? 25144:Killing of Osama bin Laden 25021:War in Somalia (2006–2009) 24976:Operation Active Endeavour 24551:Political aspects of Islam 23951:Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab 23537:Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami 22981: 21423:Esposito, John L. (2003). 21402:Esposito, John L. (1995). 20746:"AMIA Attack in Argentina" 19494:10.1162/wash.2006.29.2.127 18549:Bindner, Laurence (2018). 18298:Combating Terrorism Center 18202:Combating Terrorism Center 18133:Combating Terrorism Center 17330:. No. 18 – JRL 8147. 15950:CBSNews (21 August 2014). 15927:BBCMarch (30 March 2014). 15844:BBCnigeria (1 June 2012). 15788:Combating Terrorism Center 15156:Combating Terrorism Center 14682:10.1162/wash.2006.29.2.127 14452:Cambridge University Press 14279:, v.32, n.6 (2009): 537-59 14101:Seattle Post-Intelligencer 13609:Greenwood Publishing Group 13229:Combating Terrorism Center 12488:, Scribner, 2002, pp. 82-3 11863:Combating Terrorism Center 10381:A Conflict Forum Monograph 9875:(1): 85–98. Archived from 9614:10.1177/097492849204800101 9017:Holbreook, Donald (2014). 8576:French, Nathan S. (2020). 8556:Princeton University Press 8244:Religion and peacebuilding 8224:Jewish religious terrorism 8146:, Pakistan and Afghanistan 8128:, Gaza Strip and West Bank 7996:, Gaza Strip and West Bank 7874: 7815:Islamic Jihad Organization 7750: 7709:1995 Oklahoma City bombing 7696: 7690: 7677:United Airlines Flight 175 7645: 7629: 7618: 7607: 7465:government, a radio and a 7370: 7279:. Hamas's armed wing, the 7257: 7235: 7222:Islamic Party of Kurdistan 7197:counter-terrorism include 7154: 7138: 7134: 6977:Swedish Defence University 6964: 6958: 6879:2004 Madrid train bombings 6851: 6693:Amsterdam Centraal station 6661:Attacks in the Netherlands 6646: 6631:. A noted group came from 6586: 6566: 6470: 6406: 6402: 6337:Combating Terrorism Center 6305: 6301: 6289: 6100: 6090: 6072: 5957: 5946: 5910: 5897:2006 Mumbai train bombings 5815: 5744: 5691: 5637: 5483: 5457: 5396: 5310: 5307:2004 Madrid train bombings 5290: 5286: 5244: 5174: 5134: 5059: 5055: 5004: 4998: 4986:Terrorism and social media 4983: 4950:According to psychologist 4735:. During the chaos of the 4707: 4701: 4667: 4656: 4652: 4546: 4392:Mohammed Abdul-Salam Farag 4300:Refuting Islamic terrorism 4130:terrorist groups (such as 3710:The Jurisprudence of Blood 3706:The Jurisprudence of Jihad 3567:", and the bottom saying " 3532:The Jurisprudence of Blood 3415: 3368: 3344:and taking their women as 3153:Orlando nightclub shooting 3138:Hamoud al-Aqla al-Shu'aybi 2836: 2533: 2282: 1978: 1131:Foreign fighters in Bosnia 1022:Insurgency in Cabo Delgado 743:Anti-terrorism legislation 26533: 26507: 26499:Islamic terrorist attacks 26476: 26450: 26414: 26406:State-sponsored terrorism 26393: 26353:Environmental destruction 26322: 26244: 26233: 26212:International conventions 26194: 26074: 26023: 26005:Books critical of Judaism 25871: 25738: 25558: 25507: 25464: 25350:Latter Day Saint movement 25317: 25249: 25091: 25043: 25011:Terrorism in Saudi Arabia 24968: 24960:Drone strikes in Pakistan 24916: 24909: 24853:Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami 24820: 24759: 24752: 24676: 24669: 24631: 24572: 24538: 24507: 24471: 24408:Zia-ul-Haq's Islamization 24398: 24331: 24327: 24316: 24262: 24201: 24090: 24069: 24065: 24048: 24009: 23966:Muqbil bin Hadi al-Wadi'i 23941: 23887: 23856: 23849: 23845: 23832: 23650: 23620: 23507:Freedom and Justice Party 23497: 23432: 23425: 23313: 23266: 23262: 23192: 23077: 23044: 22994: 22990: 22976: 22903: 22870: 22842:Geography and cartography 22817: 22764: 22760: 22744: 22570: 22492: 22439: 22388: 22384: 22360: 22230: 22112: 22072: 21955: 21907: 21831: 21827: 21816: 21775: 21511:. I.B. Tauris, New York. 21151:Dreyfuss, Robert (2006). 20415:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 19807:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 19738:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 19679:The Hunt for the Engineer 18799:(in Dutch). 20 March 2020 18611:(in German). 20 July 2020 18430:(in French). 26 July 2016 17476:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 17409:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 17251:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 17082:. France 24. 26 June 2015 16152:Arnould, Valérie (2017). 15632:. Sussex Academic Press. 15583:. tkb.org. Archived from 15215:"Understanding terrorism" 15110:, "Reuters", 13 May 2011 14460:10.1017/S000305540300073X 14390:Homeland Security Affairs 14178:Scheuer (2004), pp. 11–13 13957:McConnell, Scott (2005). 13605:Santa Barbara, California 13429:. ABC-CLIO. p. 553. 12689:Perspectives on Terrorism 11127:A History of Saudi Arabia 10306:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 9256:Government and Opposition 9121:10.1163/9789004435544_026 8993:Perspectives on Terrorism 8662:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 8554:. Princeton, New Jersey: 8144:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan 8126:Palestinian Islamic Jihad 7909:Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades 7717:Shanksville, Pennsylvania 7641: 7610:Terrorism in Saudi Arabia 7518:national unity government 7343:Other groups linked with 7150: 6954: 6907:Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan 6827:'s pan-Islamist movement 6751: 6739: 6727: 6601:2017 London Bridge attack 6573:Islamic terrorist attacks 6466: 6395:Terrorism experts regard 6086: 6081:South Thailand insurgency 5786:Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami 5751:In Bangladesh, the group 5671:Furkat Kasimovich Yusupov 5614:were responsible for the 5537: 5359:2017 London Bridge attack 5030: 4921:, British Prime Minister 4514:, leader of the Algerian 4126:, Scott Atran found that 3644:he was no longer a Muslim 3551:", the next line saying " 3162: 2793:Religious interpretations 2211:Egypt–Israel peace treaty 1800:Muslim-majority countries 1767:radical Islamic terrorism 1259:Latter Day Saint movement 1077:South Thailand insurgency 908:International propagation 738:International conventions 645:State-sponsored terrorism 25973:Why I Am Not a Christian 25560:Religious discrimination 25231:Unitary executive theory 24382:(Izetbegović, 1969-1970) 24181:in the Arabian Peninsula 24022:Islamic religious police 23582:Prosperous Justice Party 23542:Jamaat-e-Islami Pakistan 23151:Islamic view of miracles 21650:Tahir-ul-Qadri, Muhammad 21623:The War for Muslim Minds 20525:. Retrieved 20 May 2007. 20494:. Retrieved 20 May 2007. 19870:10 November 2007 at the 19781:"In Search of Hezbollah" 19601:. Israel. Archived from 19482:The Washington Quarterly 18948:U.S. Department of State 17724:"Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG)" 15106:27 November 2015 at the 14665:The Washington Quarterly 14411:Gibson, Kyle R. (2011). 13836:American Economic Review 13648:(November–December 2001) 13389:Lewis, Bernard (2003) . 12635:10.1177/2347798920921706 12567:"The Furrows of Algeria" 12532:. La Découverte, Paris. 12002:Manningham-Buller, Eliza 11710:macmillan. p. 168. 11599:The War for Muslim Minds 11553:. Penguin. p. 250. 11036:Harvard University Press 11032:Cambridge, Massachusetts 10509:The Age of Sacred Terror 10484:Shultz, Richard (2008). 10436:Lawrence Wright (2006). 10321:Ayoob, Muhammad (2008). 10075:"What ISIS Really Wants" 9988:The Age of Sacred Terror 9957:PAYNE, JAMES L. (2008). 9161:"What ISIS Really Wants" 8853:The Washington Institute 8346:for example). The small 8294: 7772:2015 Parramatta shooting 7625: 7614: 7540:Gulf Cooperation Council 7271:at the beginning of the 7141:Terrorism in the Balkans 7039:Swedish Security Service 7023:Swedish Security Service 6941:Algeciras church attacks 6847: 6771:region, particularly in 6653:Islam in the Netherlands 6582: 6059:U.S. Department of State 5811: 5725:April 2014 Ürümqi attack 5720:Kunming station massacre 5705:1997 Ürümqi bus bombings 5687: 5453: 5170: 5130: 5114:2018 Ouagadougou attacks 4853:Rukmini Maria Callimachi 4727:by Hezbollah during the 4714:ISIL beheading incidents 4632:Ozma Seyyed Yousef Sanei 4506:Two extreme takfiris -- 4073:Kurdistan Workers' Party 3271:In the brutal 1991–2002 3242:(known to the public as 3080:, and the acceptance of 2845:suicide attacks/bombings 2724:, an opposition to both 2435:Denominations/Ideologies 2385:Islamic Republic of Iran 2337:According to journalist 2322:The Age of Sacred Terror 2269: 2205:in Mecca and subsequent 2065:victory over Arab forces 1885:; and the belief in the 1804:Islamic extremist groups 601:Violent non-state actors 26422:Clandestine cell system 26111:Criticism of monotheism 26000:Books critical of Islam 25987:The Demon-Haunted World 25844:Anti-Christian violence 25375:Westboro Baptist Church 25159:Extraordinary rendition 25154:Extrajudicial prisoners 23665:Jamāl al-Dīn al-Afghānī 23577:Malaysian Islamic Party 23572:National Iraqi Alliance 23532:Islamic Salvation Front 23462:Islamic Defenders Front 22916:Creationism (evolution) 21660:London: Minhaj-ul-Quran 21580:Besenyo, Janos (2017). 21507:Halliday, Fred (2003). 21306:Bostom, Andrew (2005). 21241:Oxford University Press 20521:Reuters (20 May 2007). 20505:"Lebanon Camp Fighting" 19826:"The Hizballah Program" 19291:SCF (2 February 2023). 17326:Knox, Kathleen (2004). 16008:The Wall Street Journal 15661:The Wall Street Journal 14611:10.1126/science.1078854 13354:Kadri, Sadakat (2012). 13185:Kadri, Sadakat (2012). 12747:Wael B. Hallaq (2009). 12257:Lewis, Bernard (1995). 11704:Kadri, Sadakat (2012). 11487:Focus on Islamic issues 11440:. Regnery. p. 126. 10961:Commins, David (2009). 10404:"The Salafist Movement" 8594:Oxford University Press 8531:(subscription required) 8516:Oxford University Press 7828:, was an attack on the 7353:Abdullah Azzam Brigades 7309:Mehola Junction bombing 7231: 7102:2010 Stockholm bombings 6668:Murder of Theo van Gogh 6605:Milan's Central station 6577:European migrant crisis 5640:Terrorism in Uzbekistan 5616:Boston Marathon bombing 5592:Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin 5240: 5103:2017 Ouagadougou attack 4962:of the Israeli soldier 4895:Ricardo Garcia Vilanova 4622:Muhammad Tahir-ul-Qadri 4565:rather than terrorism. 4390:was a literary critic. 4311:Middle Eastern scholar 4095:, political scientists 4085:blue-collar occupations 3738:literary corpus of ISIS 3387:(9:13–15, 38–39, 111), 3195:to complete disaster." 3134:Abu Muhammad al-Maqdisi 3052:In his call for jihad, 3041:Eliza Manningham-Buller 2077:revolutionary movements 1691:Criticism of monotheism 1587:Anti-Christian violence 1284:Westboro Baptist Church 343:Clandestine cell system 26368:Propaganda of the deed 25431:New religious movement 25194:Operation Eagle Assist 25114:Clash of Civilizations 24661:Symbolism of terrorism 24106:Egyptian Islamic Jihad 23820:Muhammad Rizieq Shihab 23745:Taqi al-Din al-Nabhani 23602:State of Law Coalition 23512:Green Algeria Alliance 23166:Persecution of Muslims 23064:List of former Muslims 21981:Succession to Muhammad 21708:. New English Review. 21461:Fregosi, Paul (1998). 21172:Sageman, Marc (2004). 21074:Kepel, Gilles (2002). 21056:Langhorne, R. (2006). 19537:by Gilles Kepel (2002) 17431:. 2003. Archived from 17012:5 January 2018 at the 17007:Death toll rises to 23 15566:. Lahore. 2 July 2013. 15258:"Statement of purpose" 14543:International Security 14227:Rizvi, Ali A. (2016). 13305:"5. Doctrine of Jihad" 12444:Rabasa, Angel (2009). 11923:Foreign Policy Journal 11905:Management of Savagery 11595:Kepel, Gilles (2004). 11324:Lacey, Robert (2009). 11248:. BBC. 25 October 2017 11078:Kepel, Gilles (2004). 10985:Kepel, Gilles (2006). 10450:Manne, Robert (2017). 8092:, Pakistan and Kashmir 7982:Egyptian Islamic Jihad 7922:Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya 7727:. Former CIA Director 7688: 7250:of the United States. 7183:November 2003 bombings 6934:2017 Barcelona attacks 6764: 6390:2016 Brussels bombings 6171:depicting cartoons of 5949:Terrorism in Indonesia 5926:, orchestrated by the 5806:Islamic fundamentalist 5768:Ansarullah Bangla Team 5730:May 2014 Ürümqi attack 5657:female suicide bombers 5648:. The IMU was blamed. 5556:74 dead and 85 injured 5502:Khalid Sheikh Mohammed 5191:North Eastern Province 5146:al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya 5024: 4825:of 270+ schoolgirls, " 4823:2014 Chibok kidnapping 4614:600-page legal opinion 4537:Egyptian Islamic Jihad 4533:al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya 4434:reform ideals and the 4396: 4374:With the exception of 4334: 4288: 4246: 4067:. Political scientist 3966: 3808:Western foreign policy 3789: 3774: 3749:Clinical psychologist 3747: 3572: 3512:Management of Savagery 3496:Management of Savagery 3402: 3391:(2:190–191, 216), and 3351: 3326: 3266:Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya 3219:Al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya 3126: 2989:Management of Savagery 2984: 2928: 2368: 2193:'s active support for 1976: 1966: 1932:. Former US president 1340:New religious movement 880:Islamic fundamentalism 806:Practices and concepts 511:Propaganda of the deed 26508:Memorials and museums 26062:Nontheistic religions 25980:Why I Am Not a Muslim 25896:Christianity Unveiled 25360:Seventh-day Adventist 25311:Criticism of religion 25189:Operation Noble Eagle 25026:2007 Lebanon conflict 24209:Hibatullah Akhundzada 24032:Sufi–Salafi relations 23675:Hibatullah Akhundzada 22960:Conversion to mosques 22827:Alchemy and chemistry 21683:Why I Am Not a Muslim 21287:Atran, Scott (2010). 21272:. Adler & Adler. 21266:Amir, Taheri (1987). 20733:World Jewish Congress 20369:Hizb'allah in Lebanon 20340:Hizb'allah in Lebanon 20324:Hizb'allah in Lebanon 19892:"Hizballah: A Primer" 19677:Katz, Samuel (2002). 19148:on 8 September 2017. 18775:"Suspect in stabbing" 18398:Skyddspolisens årsbok 18372:Skyddspolisens årsbok 17657:. 11 September 2015. 17332:Johnson's Russia List 15219:Monitor on Psychology 15152:"Constructing Takfir" 14655:Atran, Scott (2006). 14353:Atran, Scott (2006). 14301:(11 September 2001). 14259:, v.3, n.3 (2010): 29 13753:by Simon Reeve, 1999. 13022:Ajjoub, Orwa (2021). 12530:Qui a tué a Bentalha? 11969:Qutb, Sayyid (1982). 11907:, p.76; quoted in ... 11306:Salman bin Abdul-Aziz 10911:. Knopf. p. 27. 9805:kristeligt-dagblad.dk 9706:Associated Press News 9301:. Hoover Institution. 9023:Bloomsbury Publishing 9019:The Al-Qaeda Doctrine 8492:Kéchichian, Joseph A. 8194:Criticism of Islamism 8184:Arab–Israeli conflict 8066:Jamaat Ansar al-Sunna 7857:Nisman was found dead 7767:2014 Lindt Cafe siege 7675: 7146:Middle East/West Asia 6759: 6720:Utrecht tram shooting 6075:Terrorism in Thailand 5913:Terrorism in Pakistan 5544:2010 Kampala bombings 5416:Boko Haram insurgency 5399:Boko Haram insurgency 5379:Cabo Delgado Province 5014: 4999:Further information: 4956:psychological warfare 4833:Kidnapping as revenue 4762:militants, including 4731:resulted in the 1986 4704:Beheading in Islamism 4579:Islamic jurisprudence 4409:, to exterminate the 4372: 4329: 4321:Islamic jurisprudence 4283: 4255:Georgetown University 4251:Brookings Institution 4225: 3958:Sunni bombing of Shia 3942:Nawaz: ... What does 3940: 3865:Messages to the World 3825:, the former head of 3819:2003 invasion of Iraq 3784: 3768: 3733: 3564:A curse upon the Jews 3540: 3397: 3334: 3321: 3121: 2986:An influential tract 2979: 2893: 2743:and directly—through 2363: 2046:in 1948, a series of 1971: 1961: 1955:In January 2008, the 1269:Seventh-day Adventist 1217:Criticism of religion 1017:Boko Haram insurgency 977:Islamic State of Iraq 727:Response to terrorism 348:Leaderless resistance 26520:Topography of Terror 26207:History of terrorism 26106:Criticism of atheism 25938:The Blind Watchmaker 25520:Charles Taze Russell 25365:Unification movement 25006:Operation Linda Nchi 24950:OEF – Horn of Africa 24863:Islamic Courts Union 24812:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 24636:September 11 attacks 24448:September 11 attacks 24418:Grand Mosque seizure 24224:Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi 24219:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam 23981:Muhammad Al-Munajjid 23690:Recep Tayyip Erdoğan 23607:Islamic Action Front 22686:Ma malakat aymanukum 22261:Association football 21686:. Prometheus Books. 21630:Swarup, Ram (1982). 21496:St. Martin's Press. 21467:. Prometheus Books. 21442:Falk, Avner (2008). 21373:Durie, Mark (2010). 21312:. Prometheus Books. 21289:Talking to the Enemy 21236:The Life of Muhammad 20988:on 14 November 2006. 20729:Dateline World Jewry 20664:on 22 September 2011 20031:on 13 September 2008 19650:10.1257/jep.21.3.223 19437:on 17 February 2004. 19425:(25 November 2003). 19412:Mamdouh Mahmud Salim 18368:"Terrorhotbedömning" 17456:"The jihad lives on" 16381:on 23 September 2018 16271:on 24 September 2013 15045:24 July 2007 at the 14897:. Opinionjournal.com 14809:(July–August 2010). 14716:. pp. 353–358. 14674:Taylor & Francis 14063:Mearsheimer, John J. 14016:Scheuer (2004), p. 9 13368:. pp. 150–151. 13366:Macmillan Publishers 13199:. pp. 172–175. 13197:Macmillan Publishers 12108:accessed 24 May 2007 12046:: 90. Archived from 12004:(10 November 2006). 11268:House, Karen Elliott 10728:al-Farida al-gha'iba 10383:(January 2009). 10. 9114:. pp. 485–512. 8204:History of terrorism 8116:, Morocco and Europe 8009:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen 7855:On 18 January 2015, 7721:September 11 attacks 6798:North Ossetia–Alania 6596:September 11 attacks 6461:Al-Hawl refugee camp 6207:on terrorism in the 5880:United Jihad Council 5868:Harkat-ul-Mujahideen 5864:Maulana Masood Azhar 5794:حركة الجهاد الإسلامي 5700:1992 Ürümqi bombings 5562:2021 Uganda bombings 5438:Islamic Courts Union 4659:Tactics of terrorism 4508:Abu Musab al-Zarqawi 4493:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam 4380:Abdullah Yusuf Azzam 4325:September 11 attacks 4309:Princeton University 4236:enclaves in France, 4168:pay off in terms of 4160:often cannot afford 3904:; U.S. support for " 3848:concept of martyrdom 3694:Abu Musab al-Zarqawi 3221:of Egypt, and later 2675:Al-Farida al-gha'iba 2309:Religious motivation 2222:the RAND Corporation 2203:Grand Mosque seizure 1922:September 11 attacks 1686:Criticism of atheism 1392:Charles Taze Russell 1274:Unification movement 1102:Jihadism in the West 997:Hayat Tahrir al-Sham 166:Right-wing/Far-right 26676:Religious terrorism 25487:Mormon sacred texts 25345:Jehovah's Witnesses 24380:Islamic Declaration 23929:Young Kashgar Party 21731:Ye'or, Bat (1996). 21555:The Al Qaeda Reader 21309:The Legacy of Jihad 21011:on 3 September 2012 20952:. 30 December 2016. 20932:The Washington Post 20824:. 25 October 2006. 20798:on 1 September 2007 20490:6 June 2007 at the 20465:15 May 2008 at the 20207:. 6 November 2012. 20112:on 2 September 2008 19863:Stalinsky, Steven. 19754:"Who are Hezbollah" 19373:20 May 2017 at the 18924:on 3 September 2014 18898:on 10 December 2022 18674:on 21 December 2018 18211:on 24 February 2018 18141:on 8 September 2018 18070:normativeorders.net 18028:. 2018. p. 4. 17845:. 20 February 2011. 17843:Tino Sanandaji blog 17555:on 19 December 2005 17498:on 23 November 2007 16823:. 29 September 2018 16261:"Fearing the worst" 16071:on 4 September 2014 15825:on 5 September 2014 15794:on 4 September 2014 15590:on 29 November 2007 15162:(7). Archived from 14951:The Washington Post 14895:"Jihad vs. Crusade" 14636:on 24 November 2022 14603:2003Sci...299.1534A 13329:on 28 November 2015 12963:The Washington Post 12885:The Washington Post 12372:Oliveti, Vincenzo; 12238:. Brill. p. 85 12089:al-wala' wa al-bara 11549:Husain, Ed (2007). 11436:Gold, Dore (2003). 11414:on 4 September 2014 11408:The Washington Post 11294:Muslim World League 10748:Understanding Jihad 10714:, (2003), p.194-197 10359:10.3998/mpub.189346 10333:10.3998/mpub.189346 10163:. 16 November 2023. 9509:Ibn Warraq (2017). 8829:on 17 November 2016 8700:on 23 November 2015 8558:. pp. 545–547. 8189:Christian terrorism 7958:Armed Islamic Group 7777:2017 Brighton siege 7733:homegrown terrorism 7713:Stonycreek Township 7648:Terrorism in Canada 7505:neighborhoods from 7469:, and programs for 7171:Hezbollah in Turkey 7157:Terrorism in Turkey 7016:Islamists in Sweden 6961:Terrorism in Sweden 6779:since 1994. In the 6613:Italian citizenship 6512:and prime minister 6477:Terrorism in France 6047:Peninsular Malaysia 5887:2008 Mumbai attacks 5665:Islamic Jihad Union 5606:-American brothers 5554:. The attacks left 5546:. On 11 July 2010, 5494:El Ghriba synagogue 5443:In 2010, the group 5328:(BCIJ) was formed. 5233:radical clerics in 5068:Armed Islamic Group 5015:The "black flag of 4980:Internet recruiting 4935:Wall Street Journal 4786:As political tactic 4639:Jamaat Ahl-e-Sunnah 4563:resistance movement 3970:7 July 2005 bombers 3893:U.S. foreign policy 3855:their own values." 3773:, in November 2001. 3761:Economic motivation 3579:. According to the 3548:God is the greatest 3517:Idarat at-Tawahhush 3250:Jama'at al-Muslimin 3239:Jama'at al-Muslimin 3236:In 1977, the group 3151:Following the 2016 3136:(Jihadi theorist), 3107:al-wala' wa al-bara 3013:"War against Islam" 2994:Idarat at-Tawahhush 2853:martyrdom operation 2833:Martyrdom/Istishhad 2799:Javed Ahmad Ghamidi 2764:Muhammad bin Salman 2698:oil exporting power 2134:Rise and Kill First 1996:, Sahl ibn Salama, 1459:Mormon sacred texts 1379:By religious figure 1254:Jehovah's Witnesses 1148:Homegrown terrorism 791:Part of a series on 748:Terrorism insurance 549:Rockets and mortars 289:Resistance movement 44:readable prose size 26666:Criticism of Islam 26338:Aircraft hijacking 25889:Breaking the Spell 25831:Sectarian violence 25740:Religious violence 25688:Oriental Orthodoxy 25545:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 25404:Twelver Shia Islam 25236:Unlawful combatant 25169:Iranian Revolution 24955:OEF – Trans Sahara 24930:War in Afghanistan 24787:Jalaluddin Haqqani 24782:Sirajuddin Haqqani 24708:Iraqi Armed Forces 24438:Algerian Civil War 24413:Iranian Revolution 24372:Islamic Government 24270:Islam and violence 24244:Juhayman al-Otaybi 24157:Sub-Saharan Africa 23902:Authenticity Party 23670:Qazi Hussain Ahmad 23477:Muslim Brotherhood 23326:Islamic governance 23171:Quran and miracles 23085:Criticism of Islam 22799:Geometric patterns 22651:Gender segregation 22222:Non-denominational 20970:. 6 November 2017. 20766:. OAS. August 2009 20380:Ranstorp, Magnus, 20367:Ranstorp, Magnus, 20338:Ranstorp, Magnus, 20322:Ranstorp, Magnus, 20284:The New York Times 20180:The Jerusalem Post 20161:The Jerusalem Post 19930:on 18 January 2012 19897:Middle East Report 19842:on 29 October 2007 19459:on 27 August 2002. 19113:. 2009. p. 21 18859:10.19165/2016.1.02 18755:. 5 September 2018 18564:10.19165/2018.2.01 18076:on 27 October 2018 17889:. 15 January 2015. 17816:. 2009. p. 21 17689:The New York Times 17549:Peace Pledge Union 17454:Mir, Amir (2005). 17128:. 6 September 2010 17107:Human Rights Watch 16956:The New York Times 16932:on 6 December 2018 16794:. 22 December 2017 16741:. 20 December 2018 16739:jyllands-posten.dk 16314:. 29 December 2017 16132:The New York Times 15762:The New York Times 15542:The Times of India 15367:on 8 February 2015 14961:on 27 October 2002 14846:The New York Times 14538:Hudson, Valerie M. 14417:University of Utah 14229:The Atheist Muslim 14136:The New York Times 13998:on 12 January 2009 13924:on 11 January 2015 13910:(7 January 2015). 13695:bin Laden, Osama. 13674:The New York Times 13107:The New York Times 12988: • 12975: • 12817:Middle East Policy 12783:Middle East Policy 12354:on 17 January 2013 12195:on 31 January 2018 12153:The New York Times 11854:bin Laden, Osama. 11741:, October 29, 2006 11739:The New York Times 11332:. Viking. p. 11221:The New York Times 11194:Vision of Humanity 11123:Al-Rasheed, Madawi 10888:on 7 November 2004 10864:. 20 January 2015. 10734:, (New York, 1986) 10732:The Neglected Duty 10161:Iran International 9966:Independent Review 9779:jyllands-posten.dk 9709:. 19 January 2019. 9559:The Globe and Mail 9411:. 22 February 2013 9234:The New York Times 9060:Middle East Policy 8939:on 25 October 2014 8793:Vision of Humanity 8636:(23 August 2014). 8596:. pp. 36–69. 8488:Norton, Richard A. 8199:Domestic terrorism 8011:al-Alami, Pakistan 7689: 7681:World Trade Center 7632:Terrorism in Yemen 7621:Terrorism in Syria 7598:Islamic sharia law 7471:social development 7440:Ayatollah Khomeini 7332:Iranian Revolution 7301:Human Rights Watch 7173:(unrelated to the 7098:Iraqi-born Swedish 7080:in the context of 7053:. Security expert 6949:Audiencia Nacional 6854:Terrorism in Spain 6765: 6679:and member of the 6559:, the director of 6487:Lebanese Civil War 6296:2020 Vienna attack 6198:Swedish economist 6029:superstate across 6001:("father of") and 5903:terrorist groups. 5818:Terrorism in India 5694:Terrorism in China 5584:Human Rights Watch 5511:On 18 March 2015, 5504:and financed by a 5488:On 11 April 2002, 5460:Terrorism in Sudan 5200:On 7 August 1998, 5177:Terrorism in Kenya 5137:Terrorism in Egypt 5076:civilian massacres 5025: 4969:The New York Times 4858:The New York Times 4733:Iran–Contra affair 4729:Lebanese Civil War 4692:aircraft hijacking 4174:biological fitness 4134:) provide monthly 4065:suicide terrorists 3916:of an independent 3794:World Trade Center 3775: 3686:Islamic theologian 3573: 3443:religious violence 3439:Islamic modernists 3371:Quran and violence 3294:non-combatants in 3285:Bentalha massacres 3273:Algerian Civil War 3262:Algerian Civil War 3173:killing appostates 3146:Abdullah el-Faisal 3094:People of the Book 2959:Ayatollah Khomeini 2761:Saudi Crown Prince 2715:Western influences 2673:. who in his book 2667:the Islamist group 2636:is mere sophistry. 2524:People of the Book 2483:(intertwined with 2250:World Trade Center 2183:Iranian Revolution 1964:of their ideology. 1887:supremacy of Islam 1789:Islamic extremists 1763:Islamist terrorism 1574:Sectarian violence 1485:Religious violence 1417:Mirza Ghulam Ahmad 1313:Twelver Shia Islam 1136:Bosnian mujahideen 1082:Taliban insurgency 1010:Jihadism in Africa 394:Aircraft hijacking 151:Left-wing/Far-left 26661:Islamic terrorism 26648: 26647: 26394:State involvement 26222:Counter-terrorism 26154: 26153: 26148: 26147: 25931:The Age of Reason 25882:Atheist Manifesto 25683:Eastern Orthodoxy 25646:Jehovah's Witness 25605:post–Cold War era 25508:Religious figures 25387:Swaminarayan sect 25277: 25276: 25174:Islamic terrorism 25039: 25038: 24935:OEF – Philippines 24905: 24904: 24901: 24900: 24858:Hizbul Mujahideen 24699:Northern Alliance 24591: 24590: 24568: 24567: 24564: 24563: 24312: 24311: 24308: 24307: 24280:Islamic terrorism 24275:Islamic extremism 24254:Ayman al-Zawahiri 24249:Omar Abdel-Rahman 24055:Militant Islamism 24044: 24043: 24040: 24039: 23976:Rabee al-Madkhali 23937: 23936: 23828: 23827: 23795:Haji Shariatullah 23755:Yusuf al-Qaradawi 23735:Abul A'la Maududi 23730:Ruhollah Khomeini 23720:Alija Izetbegović 23705:Rached Ghannouchi 23695:Necmettin Erbakan 23652:Political leaders 23646: 23645: 23638:Islamic modernism 23567:National Congress 23499:Political parties 23412:Two-nation theory 23346:Islamic socialism 23336:Islamic democracy 23222: 23221: 23188: 23187: 23184: 23183: 23156:Domestic violence 23146:Islamic terrorism 23141:Islamic extremism 22972: 22971: 22968: 22967: 22740: 22739: 22736: 22735: 22526:Marriage contract 22356: 22355: 22316:Political aspects 22103:Story of Prophets 21872:Prophets of Islam 21748:978-0-8386-3678-7 21715:978-1-943003-08-2 21693:978-0-87975-984-1 21669:978-0-9551888-9-3 21641:978-0-682-49948-4 21564:978-0-7679-2262-3 21542:978-0-7432-9503-1 21518:978-1-86064-868-7 21490:Gabriel, Brigitte 21474:978-1-57392-247-0 21453:978-0-313-35764-0 21434:978-0-19-516886-0 21415:978-0-19-510298-7 21386:978-0-9807223-0-7 21365:978-1-55605-341-2 21346:978-1-55605-268-2 21319:978-1-59102-307-4 21298:978-0-06-134490-9 21279:978-0-917561-45-0 21250:978-0-19-636033-1 21239:. United States: 21210:978-0-9655139-4-4 21187:978-0-8122-3808-2 21164:978-0-8050-8137-4 21143:978-0-444-53243-5 21122:978-1-84467-045-1 21089:978-0-674-01090-1 21037:. 29 October 2004 20855:, 26 October 2006 20658:The Seattle Times 20483:(16 April 2007). 20459:(15 March 2007). 20433:. CNN. 7 May 2005 20105:Middle East Times 19625:Benmelech, Efraim 19524:6600 out of 14000 19355:Svenska Dagbladet 19219:Skånska Dagbladet 18825:. 30 January 2012 18035:978-92-95200-91-3 17980:978-92-95200-91-3 17939:. 11 October 2016 17913:978-0-230-36049-5 17730:on 27 August 2006 17709:on 5 August 2009. 17581:. 6 February 2002 17435:on 11 August 2004 17425:"Lashkar-e-Toiba" 16986:Los Angeles Times 16907:978-0-231-80140-9 15639:978-1-84519-611-0 15337:on 26 August 2019 15312:978-1-61499-469-5 15166:on 12 August 2019 14991:978-0-19-522393-4 14923:on 3 January 2010 14815:Atlantic Magazine 14238:978-1-250-09444-5 14201:978-0-674-08870-2 14156:. 25 January 2005 14082:978-0-374-17772-0 13874:978-0-521-85737-6 13618:978-1-4408-5192-6 13436:978-1-85109-842-2 13402:978-0-7867-2455-0 13375:978-0-09-952327-7 13206:978-0-09-952327-7 13046:978-91-7895-772-9 13039:. pp. 1–28. 12862:978-0-19-973935-6 12760:978-1-107-39412-4 12539:978-2-7071-3332-8 12457:978-0-8330-4679-6 12406:Terrorism Monitor 12324:978-0-19-539589-1 12295:978-0-230-10658-1 12268:978-0-684-83280-7 11833:978-0-595-33613-5 11766:978-1-62895-407-4 11717:978-0-09-952327-7 11690:978-1-032-19806-4 11614:978-0-674-01575-3 11496:978-1-60021-204-8 11384:978-0-06-056339-4 11343:978-0-670-02118-5 11287:978-0-307-47328-8 11136:978-0-521-74754-7 11097:978-0-674-01575-3 11049:978-0-674-29141-6 10998:978-1-84511-257-8 10843:978-1-84511-322-3 10816:978-0-7867-3300-2 10786:978-1-5089-3613-8 10463:978-1-63388-371-0 10438:The Looming Tower 10350:978-0-472-09971-9 9997:978-0-7567-6751-8 9749:"18 Jahre Terror" 9689:. 14 August 2019. 9520:978-1-943003-08-2 9492:978-1-943003-08-2 9206:978-0-521-82703-4 9131:978-90-04-43554-4 9092:Cusack, Carole M. 9032:978-1-62356-314-1 8733:Our World in Data 8611:978-0-19-009215-3 8544:Böwering, Gerhard 8525:978-0-19-530513-5 8500:Esposito, John L. 8284:Hindu nationalism 8249:Religion of peace 8214:Islamic extremism 8096:Lashkar-e-Jhangvi 8084:Kata'ib Hezbollah 8027:Indian Mujahideen 7578:Fatah al-Intifada 7555:, as well as the 7536:Secretary-General 7432: 7431: 7424: 7119:and a citizen of 7078:Sweden and Turkey 6975:According to the 6945:Islamic terrorism 6510:François Hollande 6430:2017 Turku attack 6280:Abu Musab al-Suri 6137: 6136: 5872:Jammu and Kashmir 5839:Hizbul Mujahideen 5710:2010 Aksu bombing 5612:Tamerlan Tsarnaev 5608:Dzhokhar Tsarnaev 5112:During the March 4838:Nasir al-Wuhayshi 4575:Yusuf al-Qaradawi 4527:De-radicalization 4501:Ayman al-Zawahiri 4457:child pornography 4342:Ayman al-Zawahiri 4271:cognitive opening 4183:In 2007, scholar 4140:lump-sum payments 4105:Islamic countries 4097:Valerie M. Hudson 3989:personal identity 3804:social services. 3674:special place in 3667:Ruhollah Khomeini 3423:Techniques of war 3338:Sinjar operations 3142:Ahmad Musa Jibril 3130:Ayman al-Zawahiri 3117:Letter to America 3019:war against Islam 2877:strong strictures 2685:Wahabism/Salafism 2566:Ayman al-Zawahiri 2320:, in their book, 2234:Soviet–Afghan War 2171:Soviet-Afghan War 2117:Carlos Marighella 2081:guerrilla warfare 2006:Ibn Abd al-Wahhab 1759:Islamic terrorism 1756: 1755: 1296:Swaminarayan sect 1205: 1204: 940:Pakistani Taliban 855:Islamic terrorism 786: 785: 733:Counter-terrorism 718: 717: 476:Individual terror 297: 296: 274:Violent extremism 79: 78: 46:was 18,000 words. 26683: 26239: 26181: 26174: 26167: 26158: 26157: 25959:The God Delusion 25952:The End of Faith 25945:The Caged Virgin 25910:God Is Not Great 25304: 25297: 25290: 25281: 25280: 25267: 25266: 25257: 25256: 25212:Targeted killing 25001:Iraqi insurgency 24921:Enduring Freedom 24914: 24913: 24873:Jemaah Islamiyah 24868:Jaish-e-Mohammed 24757: 24756: 24674: 24673: 24618: 24611: 24604: 24595: 24594: 24479:Anti-imperialism 24374:(Khomeini, 1970) 24350:(Khomeini, 1940) 24329: 24328: 24318: 24317: 24067: 24066: 24050: 24049: 23854: 23853: 23847: 23846: 23834: 23833: 23800:Hassan Al-Turabi 23612:United Arab List 23430: 23429: 23361:Islamic republic 23356:Islamic monarchy 23341:Islamic feminism 23264: 23263: 23249: 23242: 23235: 23226: 23225: 23212: 23211: 23204:Islam portal 23202: 23201: 23200: 22992: 22991: 22984: 22978: 22977: 22819:Medieval science 22762: 22761: 22752: 22746: 22745: 22403:Economic history 22386: 22385: 22362: 22361: 22348:Islam by country 22181:Bektashi Alevism 21829: 21828: 21820:Outline of Islam 21802: 21795: 21788: 21779: 21778: 21766: 21765: 21760: 21727: 21697: 21673: 21645: 21634:. Arvind Ghosh. 21601: 21586:Impact Strategic 21576: 21557:. Broadway, US. 21551:Ibrahim, Raymond 21546: 21527:Hirsi Ali, Ayaan 21522: 21486: 21457: 21438: 21419: 21398: 21369: 21350: 21331: 21302: 21283: 21262: 21233:(18 July 2002). 21214: 21202: 21191: 21179: 21168: 21147: 21126: 21114: 21101:Bin Laden, Osama 21096: 21081: 21062: 21061: 21060:. Hodder Arnold. 21053: 21047: 21046: 21044: 21042: 21027: 21021: 21020: 21018: 21016: 20996: 20990: 20989: 20978: 20972: 20971: 20960: 20954: 20953: 20942: 20936: 20935: 20924: 20918: 20917: 20912: 20910: 20891: 20885: 20884: 20879: 20877: 20870:Infojus Noticias 20862: 20856: 20844: 20838: 20837: 20835: 20833: 20814: 20808: 20807: 20805: 20803: 20782: 20776: 20775: 20773: 20771: 20760: 20754: 20753: 20742: 20736: 20735:, September 2007 20725: 20719: 20718: 20716: 20714: 20703: 20697: 20696: 20694: 20692: 20680: 20674: 20673: 20671: 20669: 20660:. Archived from 20650: 20644: 20643: 20631: 20625: 20624: 20622: 20611: 20605: 20604: 20602: 20600: 20585: 20579: 20578: 20576: 20574: 20569:on 17 March 2008 20565:. Archived from 20554: 20548: 20547: 20545: 20543: 20532: 20526: 20519: 20513: 20512: 20501: 20495: 20478: 20469: 20454: 20443: 20442: 20440: 20438: 20427: 20421: 20420: 20414: 20406: 20404: 20402: 20391: 20385: 20378: 20372: 20365: 20359: 20358:, (2002), p. 129 20352: 20343: 20336: 20327: 20320: 20314: 20307: 20301: 20294: 20288: 20287: 20275: 20269: 20268: 20266: 20264: 20249: 20243: 20242: 20240: 20238: 20227: 20221: 20220: 20218: 20216: 20197: 20191: 20190: 20188: 20186: 20171: 20165: 20164: 20163:. 26 March 2013. 20153: 20147: 20146: 20144: 20142: 20131: 20125: 20124: 20119: 20117: 20108:. Archived from 20095: 20089: 20088: 20086: 20084: 20069: 20063: 20062: 20060: 20058: 20047: 20041: 20040: 20038: 20036: 20017: 20011: 20010: 20008: 20006: 19997:. Archived from 19985: 19979: 19978: 19976: 19974: 19962: 19956: 19946: 19940: 19939: 19937: 19935: 19920: 19914: 19913: 19911: 19909: 19900:. Archived from 19887: 19881: 19877:The New York Sun 19861: 19852: 19851: 19849: 19847: 19841: 19835:. Archived from 19830: 19822: 19813: 19812: 19806: 19798: 19796: 19794: 19776: 19770: 19769: 19767: 19765: 19750: 19744: 19743: 19737: 19729: 19727: 19725: 19709: 19703: 19696: 19690: 19675: 19669: 19668: 19666: 19660:. Archived from 19633: 19621: 19615: 19614: 19612: 19610: 19605:on 24 March 2006 19590: 19584: 19578: 19572: 19569: 19560: 19559: 19557: 19555: 19550:. Mideastweb.org 19544: 19538: 19531: 19525: 19519: 19513: 19512: 19511:on 23 June 2015. 19510: 19504:. Archived from 19479: 19467: 19461: 19460: 19445: 19439: 19438: 19433:. Archived from 19419: 19413: 19410: 19404: 19401: 19382: 19365: 19359: 19358: 19347: 19341: 19340: 19338: 19336: 19314: 19308: 19307: 19305: 19303: 19288: 19282: 19281: 19270: 19264: 19263: 19261: 19259: 19237: 19231: 19230: 19228: 19226: 19211: 19205: 19204: 19202: 19200: 19185: 19179: 19178: 19176: 19174: 19159: 19153: 19152: 19147: 19140: 19129: 19123: 19122: 19120: 19118: 19108: 19100: 19094: 19093: 19091: 19089: 19083: 19072: 19063: 19062: 19060: 19058: 19040: 19034: 19033: 19031: 19029: 19008: 19002: 19001: 18989: 18978: 18959: 18958: 18956: 18954: 18940: 18934: 18933: 18931: 18929: 18914: 18908: 18907: 18905: 18903: 18897: 18892:. Archived from 18882: 18876: 18870: 18864: 18863: 18861: 18841: 18835: 18834: 18832: 18830: 18815: 18809: 18808: 18806: 18804: 18789: 18783: 18782: 18771: 18765: 18764: 18762: 18760: 18745: 18739: 18738: 18736: 18734: 18719: 18713: 18712: 18710: 18708: 18700:Algemeen Dagblad 18690: 18684: 18683: 18681: 18679: 18670:. Archived from 18659: 18650: 18649: 18647: 18645: 18630: 18621: 18620: 18618: 18616: 18601: 18595: 18594: 18592: 18590: 18575: 18569: 18568: 18566: 18546: 18537: 18536: 18534: 18532: 18517: 18508: 18507: 18505: 18503: 18483: 18474: 18473: 18468: 18466: 18450: 18444: 18443: 18437: 18435: 18420: 18414: 18413: 18411: 18409: 18404:on 24 April 2021 18390: 18384: 18383: 18381: 18379: 18364: 18358: 18357: 18355: 18353: 18338: 18332: 18331: 18329: 18327: 18316: 18310: 18309: 18307: 18305: 18289: 18283: 18282: 18277: 18275: 18261: 18255: 18254: 18252: 18250: 18227: 18221: 18220: 18218: 18216: 18210: 18199: 18188: 18182: 18181: 18179: 18177: 18162: 18151: 18150: 18148: 18146: 18137:. Archived from 18123: 18112: 18111: 18109: 18107: 18092: 18086: 18085: 18083: 18081: 18061: 18055: 18054: 18052: 18050: 18044: 18038:. Archived from 18023: 18013: 18000: 17999: 17997: 17995: 17989: 17983:. Archived from 17968: 17958: 17949: 17948: 17946: 17944: 17927: 17921: 17920: 17897: 17891: 17890: 17879: 17873: 17872: 17853: 17847: 17846: 17835: 17826: 17825: 17823: 17821: 17811: 17803: 17794: 17793: 17791: 17789: 17774: 17768: 17767: 17765: 17763: 17746: 17740: 17739: 17737: 17735: 17720: 17711: 17710: 17699: 17693: 17692: 17680: 17674: 17673: 17671: 17669: 17647: 17641: 17640: 17638: 17636: 17630: 17622: 17613: 17612: 17610: 17608: 17597: 17591: 17590: 17588: 17586: 17571: 17565: 17564: 17562: 17560: 17541: 17535: 17534: 17532: 17530: 17514: 17508: 17507: 17505: 17503: 17488: 17482: 17481: 17475: 17467: 17465: 17463: 17451: 17445: 17444: 17442: 17440: 17421: 17415: 17414: 17408: 17400: 17397:dhakatribune.com 17389: 17383: 17377: 17371: 17370: 17369:on 5 April 2006. 17358: 17352: 17346: 17340: 17339: 17338:on 4 April 2004. 17334:. Archived from 17323: 17317: 17316: 17314: 17312: 17289: 17283: 17282: 17280: 17278: 17263: 17257: 17256: 17250: 17242: 17230: 17224: 17223: 17211: 17202: 17201: 17200:on 17 June 2004. 17189: 17183: 17182: 17171: 17165: 17164: 17162: 17160: 17151:. Archived from 17144: 17138: 17137: 17135: 17133: 17125:The Moscow Times 17116: 17110: 17098: 17092: 17091: 17089: 17087: 17076: 17070: 17069: 17067: 17065: 17060:on 18 March 2015 17056:. Archived from 17045: 17039: 17038: 17036: 17034: 17023: 17017: 17004: 16998: 16997: 16995: 16993: 16978: 16972: 16971: 16969: 16967: 16962:on 20 March 2015 16948: 16942: 16941: 16939: 16937: 16918: 16912: 16911: 16891: 16885: 16884: 16882: 16880: 16875:. 5 October 2013 16865: 16859: 16858: 16856: 16854: 16839: 16833: 16832: 16830: 16828: 16821:The Defense Post 16813: 16804: 16803: 16801: 16799: 16784: 16773: 16772: 16770: 16768: 16757: 16751: 16750: 16748: 16746: 16731: 16722: 16721: 16709: 16698: 16677: 16676: 16674: 16672: 16661: 16655: 16654: 16652: 16650: 16635: 16629: 16628: 16626: 16624: 16613: 16607: 16606: 16604: 16602: 16587: 16581: 16580: 16578: 16576: 16561: 16555: 16554: 16552: 16550: 16538: 16532: 16531: 16529: 16527: 16515: 16509: 16508: 16506: 16504: 16493: 16487: 16486: 16484: 16482: 16467: 16461: 16460: 16458: 16456: 16441: 16435: 16434: 16432: 16430: 16419: 16413: 16412: 16410: 16408: 16397: 16391: 16390: 16388: 16386: 16367: 16361: 16360: 16358: 16356: 16351:on 1 August 2020 16337: 16324: 16323: 16321: 16319: 16308: 16302: 16301: 16299: 16297: 16287: 16281: 16280: 16278: 16276: 16257: 16251: 16250: 16248: 16246: 16241:. Deutsche Welle 16234: 16228: 16227: 16225: 16223: 16212: 16203: 16196: 16190: 16189: 16183: 16175: 16149: 16143: 16142: 16140: 16138: 16124:Kershner, Isabel 16120: 16114: 16113: 16111: 16109: 16104:. Deutsche Welle 16097: 16091: 16087: 16081: 16080: 16078: 16076: 16067:. Archived from 16056: 16050: 16049: 16047: 16045: 16036:. Archived from 16025: 16019: 16018: 16016: 16014: 15999: 15990: 15989: 15987: 15985: 15970: 15964: 15963: 15961: 15959: 15947: 15941: 15940: 15938: 15936: 15924: 15918: 15917: 15915: 15913: 15907:Business Insider 15898: 15892: 15891: 15889: 15887: 15878:. Archived from 15864: 15858: 15857: 15855: 15853: 15841: 15835: 15834: 15832: 15830: 15821:. Archived from 15810: 15804: 15803: 15801: 15799: 15779: 15773: 15772: 15770: 15768: 15753: 15744: 15743: 15741: 15739: 15727: 15721: 15720: 15718: 15716: 15704: 15698: 15697: 15695: 15693: 15678: 15672: 15671: 15669: 15667: 15658: 15650: 15644: 15643: 15625: 15619: 15618: 15606: 15600: 15599: 15597: 15595: 15589: 15582: 15574: 15568: 15567: 15560: 15554: 15553: 15551: 15549: 15534: 15528: 15527: 15525: 15523: 15512: 15506: 15505: 15503: 15501: 15486: 15480: 15479: 15477: 15475: 15460: 15454: 15453: 15451: 15449: 15431: 15425: 15424: 15422: 15420: 15409: 15403: 15402: 15400: 15398: 15383: 15377: 15376: 15374: 15372: 15363:. Archived from 15361:lettertobaghdadi 15353: 15347: 15346: 15344: 15342: 15323: 15317: 15316: 15298: 15292: 15291: 15289: 15287: 15276: 15270: 15269: 15267: 15265: 15254: 15248: 15243:Halliday, Fred: 15241: 15235: 15234: 15232: 15230: 15210: 15204: 15203: 15201: 15199: 15192:The Boston Globe 15182: 15176: 15175: 15173: 15171: 15147: 15134: 15133: 15131: 15129: 15117: 15111: 15098: 15092: 15091: 15089: 15087: 15072: 15066: 15060: 15054: 15037: 15031: 15030: 15028: 15026: 15017:. Archived from 15015:Internet Archive 15002: 14996: 14995: 14977: 14971: 14970: 14968: 14966: 14957:. Archived from 14955:Internet Archive 14942: 14933: 14932: 14930: 14928: 14913: 14907: 14906: 14904: 14902: 14890: 14884: 14881: 14875: 14872: 14866: 14863: 14857: 14856: 14854: 14852: 14837: 14831: 14830: 14828: 14826: 14799: 14793: 14792: 14790: 14788: 14773: 14767: 14760: 14754: 14753: 14751: 14749: 14734: 14728: 14727: 14700: 14694: 14693: 14661: 14652: 14646: 14645: 14643: 14641: 14635: 14629:. Archived from 14582: 14570: 14564: 14563: 14534: 14528: 14527: 14525: 14523: 14502: 14496: 14495: 14489: 14481: 14471: 14439: 14427: 14421: 14420: 14408: 14402: 14401: 14381: 14375: 14374: 14372: 14370: 14350: 14344: 14343: 14341: 14339: 14324: 14315: 14314: 14312: 14310: 14295: 14289: 14286: 14280: 14269: 14260: 14251:Cally O'Brien, " 14249: 14243: 14242: 14224: 14213: 14212: 14210: 14208: 14185: 14179: 14176: 14170: 14169: 14163: 14161: 14146: 14140: 14139: 14127: 14121: 14120: 14118: 14116: 14093: 14087: 14086: 14059: 14053: 14052: 14050: 14048: 14043:on 11 April 2014 14025: 14019: 14014: 14008: 14007: 14005: 14003: 13988: 13979: 13978: 13976: 13974: 13954: 13948: 13940: 13934: 13933: 13931: 13929: 13904: 13895: 13892: 13886: 13885: 13883: 13881: 13858: 13852: 13851: 13849: 13847: 13827: 13821: 13820: 13818: 13816: 13810:The New Republic 13807: 13798: 13792: 13785: 13779: 13778: 13776: 13774: 13760: 13754: 13747: 13741: 13740: 13738: 13736: 13730:Gems of Islamism 13724:Swanson, Elmer. 13721: 13712: 13711: 13709: 13707: 13692: 13686: 13685: 13683: 13681: 13664: 13658: 13657: 13655: 13653: 13646:Harvard Magazine 13637: 13631: 13630: 13611:. pp. 5–6. 13589: 13580: 13579: 13577: 13575: 13553: 13540: 13539: 13537: 13535: 13525:Washington, D.C. 13510: 13495: 13494: 13492: 13490: 13484: 13472:Washington, D.C. 13461: 13452: 13441: 13440: 13420: 13414: 13413: 13411: 13409: 13386: 13380: 13379: 13351: 13342: 13341: 13336: 13334: 13328: 13309: 13297: 13291: 13290: 13287:Internet Archive 13251: 13245: 13244: 13242: 13240: 13231:. Archived from 13220: 13211: 13210: 13182: 13169: 13168: 13166: 13164: 13152: 13146: 13145: 13143: 13141: 13124: 13118: 13117: 13115: 13113: 13098: 13092: 13091: 13089: 13087: 13072: 13066: 13065: 13063: 13061: 13055: 13030: 13019: 13000: 12999: 12986: 12973: 12971: 12969: 12954: 12948: 12947: 12945: 12943: 12928: 12922: 12921: 12919: 12917: 12902: 12896: 12895: 12893: 12891: 12876: 12867: 12866: 12850: 12842: 12833: 12832: 12830: 12828: 12814: 12805: 12799: 12798: 12796: 12794: 12780: 12771: 12765: 12764: 12744: 12738: 12733:Lewis, Bernard, 12731: 12725: 12720:Lewis, Bernard, 12718: 12712: 12711: 12709: 12707: 12680: 12671: 12670: 12668: 12666: 12654: 12648: 12647: 12637: 12613: 12604: 12603: 12601: 12599: 12588: 12582: 12581: 12579: 12577: 12562: 12556: 12550: 12544: 12543: 12525: 12519: 12511: 12505: 12495: 12489: 12482: 12476: 12468: 12462: 12461: 12441: 12435: 12428: 12422: 12421: 12419: 12417: 12397: 12391: 12390: 12383: 12377: 12370: 12364: 12363: 12361: 12359: 12350:. Archived from 12340: 12329: 12328: 12306: 12300: 12299: 12279: 12273: 12272: 12254: 12248: 12247: 12245: 12243: 12237: 12226: 12220: 12219: 12211: 12205: 12204: 12202: 12200: 12194: 12183: 12175: 12169: 12168: 12166: 12164: 12144: 12138: 12137: 12135: 12133: 12118: 12109: 12103: 12097: 12096: 12092: 12078: 12072: 12069: 12063: 12062: 12060: 12058: 12052: 12037: 12028: 12022: 12021: 12019: 12017: 11998: 11989: 11988: 11966: 11960: 11959: 11957: 11955: 11949:The Sun Magazine 11940: 11934: 11933: 11931: 11929: 11914: 11908: 11901: 11895: 11888: 11882: 11881: 11879: 11877: 11872:on 7 August 2021 11871: 11860: 11851: 11845: 11844: 11842: 11840: 11817: 11811: 11810: 11808: 11806: 11792: 11784: 11778: 11777: 11775: 11773: 11748: 11742: 11728: 11722: 11721: 11701: 11695: 11694: 11676: 11670: 11669: 11664: 11662: 11647: 11641: 11640: 11629: 11623: 11622: 11602: 11592: 11586: 11585: 11583: 11581: 11575: 11565: 11559: 11558: 11546: 11540: 11539: 11533: 11531: 11525: 11518: 11507: 11501: 11500: 11482: 11476: 11475: 11469: 11467: 11457: 11448: 11442: 11441: 11433: 11427: 11426: 11421: 11419: 11410:. Archived from 11399: 11393: 11392: 11372: 11362: 11356: 11355: 11331: 11321: 11315: 11314: 11264: 11258: 11257: 11255: 11253: 11242: 11236: 11235: 11229: 11227: 11212: 11206: 11205: 11203: 11201: 11191: 11182: 11176: 11175: 11173: 11171: 11165: 11158: 11147: 11141: 11140: 11119: 11113: 11112: 11106: 11104: 11085: 11075: 11069: 11068: 11061:Internet Archive 11058: 11056: 11029: 11016: 11010: 11009: 10982: 10976: 10975: 10969: 10958: 10952: 10951: 10949: 10947: 10941: 10934: 10923: 10917: 10916: 10904: 10898: 10897: 10895: 10893: 10872: 10866: 10865: 10854: 10848: 10847: 10827: 10821: 10820: 10803:(1 March 2009). 10797: 10791: 10790: 10770: 10764: 10757: 10751: 10744: 10735: 10724: 10715: 10708: 10702: 10695: 10689: 10682: 10676: 10669: 10660: 10653: 10642: 10635: 10629: 10622: 10616: 10609: 10603: 10596: 10590: 10583: 10577: 10570: 10564: 10557: 10551: 10544: 10538: 10531: 10525: 10518: 10512: 10506: 10500: 10499: 10497: 10495: 10481: 10475: 10474: 10472: 10470: 10447: 10441: 10434: 10428: 10421: 10412: 10411: 10399: 10393: 10390: 10384: 10377: 10371: 10369: 10367: 10365: 10318: 10312: 10311: 10305: 10297: 10283: 10274: 10273: 10271: 10269: 10263:good men project 10254: 10243: 10242: 10240: 10216: 10210: 10209: 10207: 10205: 10182: 10165: 10164: 10153: 10147: 10146: 10139: 10133: 10132: 10130: 10128: 10112: 10103: 10102:, June/July 2004 10096: 10090: 10089: 10087: 10085: 10070: 10064: 10063: 10061: 10059: 10037: 10031: 10030: 10024: 10022: 10008: 10002: 10001: 9983: 9977: 9976: 9974: 9972: 9963: 9954: 9945: 9944: 9942: 9940: 9925: 9919: 9918: 9916: 9914: 9905:. 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November 2019. 8768: 8762: 8761: 8759: 8757: 8743: 8737: 8736: 8727:(28 July 2013). 8716: 8710: 8709: 8707: 8705: 8699: 8682: 8674: 8668: 8667: 8661: 8653: 8651: 8649: 8630: 8624: 8623: 8573: 8560: 8559: 8539: 8533: 8532: 8529: 8484: 8468: 8465:Arab Oil Embargo 8461: 8455: 8451: 8445: 8430: 8424: 8413: 8407: 8396: 8390: 8384: 8378: 8370: 8364: 8361: 8355: 8328: 8322: 8318: 8312: 8305: 8168: 8163: 8162: 8161: 8138:Tawhid and Jihad 8072:Jemaah Islamiyah 8057:Jaish-e-Mohammed 7990:(İBDA-C), Turkey 7970:Caucasus Emirate 7838:ammonium nitrate 7662:Southern Ontario 7532:Hassan Nasrallah 7487:2006 Lebanon War 7436:1982 Lebanon War 7427: 7420: 7416: 7413: 7407: 7383: 7382: 7375: 7357:Jund Ansar Allah 7289:suicide bombings 7285:numerous attacks 7191:Hüseyin Velioğlu 7043:Anders Thornberg 6829:Caucasus Emirate 6794:Russian republic 6734:Kurt Westergaard 6705:residency permit 6701:from Afghanistan 6673:Mohammed Bouyeri 6455:propaganda. The 6409:Islam in Finland 6370:Syrian Civil War 6312:Islam in Belgium 6276:Susanne Schröter 6228:non-Muslim lands 6185:Bataclan theatre 6119: 6118: 6111: 6023:Sulu Archipelago 5966:Abu Sayyaf Group 5855:Jaish-e-Mohammed 5831:Jaish-e-Mohammed 5795: 5525:terrorist attack 5519:capital city of 5348:Syrian Civil War 5345: 5322:Syrian Civil War 5187:Somalis in Kenya 5098:in Ouagadougou. 4915:Beheading videos 4911:Associated Press 4887:Business Insider 4741:foreign hostages 4561:by a legitimate 4424:Iranian-American 4376:Abul Ala Maududi 4178:J. B. S. Haldane 4041:suicide bombings 3889:American culture 3792:destruction the 3720: 3698:al-Qaeda in Iraq 3610:Muslim community 3569:Victory to Islam 3561:", followed by " 3557:", followed by " 3554:Death to America 3359:Jabhat al-Nusrat 3245:Takfir wal-Hijra 3110: 2916:Helmand Province 2851:(or in English " 2389:militia fighters 2111:, leader of the 2052:anti-imperialist 2048:Marxist-Leninist 1984:Pre-20th century 1771:Jihadi terrorism 1748: 1741: 1734: 1218: 1207: 1206: 1197: 1190: 1183: 1171:Islam portal 1169: 1168: 1167: 1072:Sinai insurgency 1040:Jihadism in Asia 788: 787: 778: 771: 764: 595: 594: 568:Terrorist groups 550: 284:Militia movement 251:Green/Ecological 156:Narcotics-driven 134: 133: 83: 82: 74: 71: 65: 29: 28: 21: 26691: 26690: 26686: 26685: 26684: 26682: 26681: 26680: 26651: 26650: 26649: 26644: 26529: 26515:House of Terror 26503: 26472: 26463:Reign of Terror 26446: 26410: 26401:State terrorism 26389: 26318: 26272:Ethnic violence 26240: 26231: 26190: 26185: 26155: 26150: 26149: 26144: 26143: 26142: 26099:In Christianity 26070: 26067:Parody religion 26019: 25867: 25734: 25593:Catholic Church 25554: 25503: 25465:Religious texts 25460: 25313: 25308: 25278: 25273: 25245: 25134:CIA black sites 25087: 25035: 24964: 24919: 24897: 24878:Lashkar-e-Taiba 24816: 24777:Anwar al-Awlaki 24772:Hamza bin Laden 24767:Osama bin Laden 24748: 24665: 24627: 24622: 24592: 24587: 24560: 24556:Political Islam 24534: 24503: 24499:Islamic revival 24467: 24400: 24394: 24390:(Gaddafi, 1975) 24323: 24304: 24258: 24229:Osama bin Laden 24214:Anwar al-Awlaki 24197: 24191:in North Africa 24138:Lashkar-e-Taiba 24086: 24082:Salafi jihadism 24061: 24036: 24005: 23971:Safar al-Hawali 23933: 23883: 23841: 23839:Salafi movement 23824: 23700:Muammar Gaddafi 23685:Hassan al-Banna 23653: 23642: 23616: 23547:Jamiat-e Islami 23493: 23467:Jamaat-e-Islami 23455:in Central Asia 23433:Socio-political 23421: 23309: 23298:Salafi jihadism 23258: 23253: 23223: 23218: 23198: 23196: 23180: 23102:Cultural Muslim 23073: 23040: 22996:Other religions 22986: 22982: 22964: 22899: 22866: 22813: 22756: 22754:Islamic studies 22750: 22732: 22566: 22511: 22488: 22435: 22380: 22379: 22352: 22301:Moral teachings 22244: 22226: 22200:Nation of Islam 22161:Twelver Shi'ism 22108: 22074:Religious texts 22068: 21986:Early conquests 21969: 21951: 21903: 21823: 21812: 21806: 21771: 21763: 21749: 21730: 21716: 21700: 21694: 21676: 21670: 21648: 21642: 21629: 21588:(in Romanian). 21565: 21549: 21543: 21525: 21519: 21506: 21475: 21460: 21454: 21441: 21435: 21422: 21416: 21401: 21387: 21379:. Deror Books. 21372: 21366: 21353: 21347: 21334: 21320: 21305: 21299: 21286: 21280: 21265: 21251: 21243:. p. 860. 21225: 21221: 21219:Further reading 21211: 21188: 21165: 21144: 21123: 21105:Lawrence, Bruce 21090: 21070: 21065: 21054: 21050: 21040: 21038: 21029: 21028: 21024: 21014: 21012: 20997: 20993: 20980: 20979: 20975: 20962: 20961: 20957: 20944: 20943: 20939: 20926: 20925: 20921: 20908: 20906: 20893: 20892: 20888: 20875: 20873: 20864: 20863: 20859: 20845: 20841: 20831: 20829: 20816: 20815: 20811: 20801: 20799: 20784: 20783: 20779: 20769: 20767: 20762: 20761: 20757: 20744: 20743: 20739: 20726: 20722: 20712: 20710: 20705: 20704: 20700: 20690: 20688: 20681: 20677: 20667: 20665: 20651: 20647: 20632: 20628: 20620: 20612: 20608: 20598: 20596: 20586: 20582: 20572: 20570: 20555: 20551: 20541: 20539: 20534: 20533: 20529: 20520: 20516: 20503: 20502: 20498: 20492:Wayback Machine 20479: 20472: 20467:Wayback Machine 20455: 20446: 20436: 20434: 20429: 20428: 20424: 20408: 20407: 20400: 20398: 20393: 20392: 20388: 20379: 20375: 20366: 20362: 20354:Kepel, Gilles, 20353: 20346: 20337: 20330: 20321: 20317: 20308: 20304: 20295: 20291: 20276: 20272: 20262: 20260: 20251: 20250: 20246: 20236: 20234: 20229: 20228: 20224: 20214: 20212: 20199: 20198: 20194: 20184: 20182: 20172: 20168: 20155: 20154: 20150: 20140: 20138: 20133: 20132: 20128: 20115: 20113: 20096: 20092: 20082: 20080: 20079:. 4 August 2006 20071: 20070: 20066: 20056: 20054: 20048: 20044: 20034: 20032: 20019: 20018: 20014: 20004: 20002: 19987: 19986: 19982: 19972: 19970: 19963: 19959: 19947: 19943: 19933: 19931: 19922: 19921: 19917: 19907: 19905: 19904:on 20 June 2010 19888: 19884: 19872:Wayback Machine 19862: 19855: 19845: 19843: 19839: 19828: 19824: 19823: 19816: 19800: 19799: 19792: 19790: 19777: 19773: 19763: 19761: 19752: 19751: 19747: 19731: 19730: 19723: 19721: 19710: 19706: 19702:by Gilles Kepel 19697: 19693: 19681:. Lyons Press. 19676: 19672: 19667:on 7 July 2010. 19664: 19631: 19622: 19618: 19608: 19606: 19591: 19587: 19579: 19575: 19570: 19563: 19553: 19551: 19546: 19545: 19541: 19532: 19528: 19520: 19516: 19508: 19477: 19468: 19464: 19447: 19446: 19442: 19431:National Review 19420: 19416: 19411: 19407: 19402: 19385: 19375:Wayback Machine 19366: 19362: 19349: 19348: 19344: 19334: 19332: 19322:Washington Post 19316: 19315: 19311: 19301: 19299: 19289: 19285: 19272: 19271: 19267: 19257: 19255: 19238: 19234: 19224: 19222: 19213: 19212: 19208: 19198: 19196: 19187: 19186: 19182: 19172: 19170: 19161: 19160: 19156: 19145: 19138: 19130: 19126: 19116: 19114: 19106: 19102: 19101: 19097: 19087: 19085: 19081: 19073: 19066: 19056: 19054: 19041: 19037: 19027: 19025: 19009: 19005: 18998: 18987: 18979: 18962: 18952: 18950: 18942: 18941: 18937: 18927: 18925: 18916: 18915: 18911: 18901: 18899: 18890:Financial Times 18884: 18883: 18879: 18873:Foreign Affairs 18871: 18867: 18842: 18838: 18828: 18826: 18817: 18816: 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16309: 16305: 16295: 16293: 16289: 16288: 16284: 16274: 16272: 16265:Al-Ahram Weekly 16259: 16258: 16254: 16244: 16242: 16235: 16231: 16221: 16219: 16214: 16213: 16206: 16198:Kepel, Gilles, 16197: 16193: 16177: 16176: 16164: 16150: 16146: 16136: 16134: 16121: 16117: 16107: 16105: 16098: 16094: 16088: 16084: 16074: 16072: 16057: 16053: 16043: 16041: 16040:on 16 June 2014 16026: 16022: 16012: 16010: 16000: 15993: 15983: 15981: 15971: 15967: 15957: 15955: 15948: 15944: 15934: 15932: 15925: 15921: 15911: 15909: 15899: 15895: 15885: 15883: 15882:on 17 June 2014 15865: 15861: 15851: 15849: 15842: 15838: 15828: 15826: 15811: 15807: 15797: 15795: 15780: 15776: 15766: 15764: 15754: 15747: 15737: 15735: 15728: 15724: 15714: 15712: 15705: 15701: 15691: 15689: 15679: 15675: 15665: 15663: 15651: 15647: 15640: 15626: 15622: 15607: 15603: 15593: 15591: 15587: 15580: 15576: 15575: 15571: 15562: 15561: 15557: 15547: 15545: 15536: 15535: 15531: 15521: 15519: 15514: 15513: 15509: 15499: 15497: 15488: 15487: 15483: 15473: 15471: 15462: 15461: 15457: 15447: 15445: 15441:The Independent 15432: 15428: 15418: 15416: 15411: 15410: 15406: 15396: 15394: 15385: 15384: 15380: 15370: 15368: 15355: 15354: 15350: 15340: 15338: 15325: 15324: 15320: 15313: 15299: 15295: 15285: 15283: 15278: 15277: 15273: 15263: 15261: 15256: 15255: 15251: 15242: 15238: 15228: 15226: 15211: 15207: 15197: 15195: 15183: 15179: 15169: 15167: 15148: 15137: 15127: 15125: 15118: 15114: 15108:Wayback Machine 15099: 15095: 15085: 15083: 15074: 15073: 15069: 15061: 15057: 15047:Wayback Machine 15038: 15034: 15024: 15022: 15021:on 11 June 2009 15003: 14999: 14992: 14978: 14974: 14964: 14962: 14943: 14936: 14926: 14924: 14915: 14914: 14910: 14900: 14898: 14891: 14887: 14882: 14878: 14873: 14869: 14864: 14860: 14850: 14848: 14838: 14834: 14824: 14822: 14800: 14796: 14786: 14784: 14775: 14774: 14770: 14761: 14757: 14747: 14745: 14744:on 15 July 2010 14736: 14735: 14731: 14724: 14701: 14697: 14659: 14653: 14649: 14639: 14637: 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13665: 13661: 13651: 13649: 13638: 13634: 13619: 13593:Stout, Chris E. 13590: 13583: 13573: 13571: 13554: 13543: 13533: 13531: 13511: 13498: 13488: 13486: 13482: 13464:Carnegie Papers 13459: 13453: 13444: 13437: 13421: 13417: 13407: 13405: 13403: 13387: 13383: 13376: 13352: 13345: 13332: 13330: 13326: 13307: 13301:Khadduri, Majid 13298: 13294: 13283: 13252: 13248: 13238: 13236: 13235:on 4 March 2016 13221: 13214: 13207: 13183: 13172: 13162: 13160: 13153: 13149: 13139: 13137: 13125: 13121: 13111: 13109: 13099: 13095: 13085: 13083: 13073: 13069: 13059: 13057: 13053: 13047: 13028: 13020: 13003: 12987: 12974: 12967: 12965: 12955: 12951: 12941: 12939: 12929: 12925: 12915: 12913: 12903: 12899: 12889: 12887: 12877: 12870: 12863: 12843: 12836: 12826: 12824: 12812: 12806: 12802: 12792: 12790: 12778: 12772: 12768: 12761: 12745: 12741: 12732: 12728: 12719: 12715: 12705: 12703: 12681: 12674: 12664: 12662: 12655: 12651: 12614: 12607: 12597: 12595: 12590: 12589: 12585: 12575: 12573: 12563: 12559: 12555:, 31 March 1998 12551: 12547: 12540: 12526: 12522: 12512: 12508: 12496: 12492: 12484:Murphy, Caryle 12483: 12479: 12469: 12465: 12458: 12442: 12438: 12429: 12425: 12415: 12413: 12398: 12394: 12385: 12384: 12380: 12371: 12367: 12357: 12355: 12342: 12341: 12332: 12325: 12307: 12303: 12296: 12280: 12276: 12269: 12255: 12251: 12241: 12239: 12235: 12227: 12223: 12212: 12208: 12198: 12196: 12192: 12181: 12177: 12176: 12172: 12162: 12160: 12145: 12141: 12131: 12129: 12127:Military Review 12119: 12112: 12104: 12100: 12090: 12079: 12075: 12070: 12066: 12056: 12054: 12050: 12044:Wayback Machine 12035: 12029: 12025: 12015: 12013: 12012:on 4 March 2016 11999: 11992: 11981: 11967: 11963: 11953: 11951: 11941: 11937: 11927: 11925: 11915: 11911: 11902: 11898: 11889: 11885: 11875: 11873: 11869: 11858: 11852: 11848: 11838: 11836: 11834: 11818: 11814: 11804: 11802: 11785: 11781: 11771: 11769: 11767: 11749: 11745: 11729: 11725: 11718: 11702: 11698: 11691: 11677: 11673: 11660: 11658: 11648: 11644: 11630: 11626: 11615: 11593: 11589: 11579: 11577: 11573: 11567: 11566: 11562: 11547: 11543: 11529: 11527: 11526:on 4 March 2016 11523: 11516: 11508: 11504: 11497: 11483: 11479: 11465: 11463: 11455: 11449: 11445: 11434: 11430: 11417: 11415: 11400: 11396: 11385: 11363: 11359: 11351:dawah wahhabiya 11344: 11322: 11318: 11288: 11280:. p. 234. 11265: 11261: 11251: 11249: 11244: 11243: 11239: 11225: 11223: 11213: 11209: 11199: 11197: 11189: 11185: 11183: 11179: 11169: 11167: 11166:on 4 March 2016 11163: 11156: 11148: 11144: 11137: 11120: 11116: 11102: 11100: 11098: 11076: 11072: 11054: 11052: 11050: 11017: 11013: 10999: 10983: 10979: 10967: 10959: 10955: 10945: 10943: 10939: 10932: 10924: 10920: 10905: 10901: 10891: 10889: 10881:Wayback Machine 10874: 10873: 10869: 10856: 10855: 10851: 10844: 10828: 10824: 10817: 10798: 10794: 10787: 10771: 10767: 10763:, (2003), p.197 10759:Kepel, Gilles, 10758: 10754: 10745: 10738: 10725: 10718: 10710:Kepel, Gilles, 10709: 10705: 10696: 10692: 10683: 10679: 10670: 10663: 10655:Kepel, Gilles; 10654: 10645: 10636: 10632: 10623: 10619: 10610: 10606: 10597: 10593: 10584: 10580: 10571: 10567: 10558: 10554: 10545: 10541: 10532: 10528: 10519: 10515: 10507: 10503: 10493: 10491: 10482: 10478: 10468: 10466: 10464: 10448: 10444: 10435: 10431: 10422: 10415: 10400: 10396: 10391: 10387: 10378: 10374: 10363: 10361: 10351: 10319: 10315: 10299: 10298: 10284: 10277: 10267: 10265: 10255: 10246: 10217: 10213: 10203: 10201: 10183: 10168: 10155: 10154: 10150: 10141: 10140: 10136: 10126: 10124: 10113: 10106: 10097: 10093: 10083: 10081: 10071: 10067: 10057: 10055: 10039: 10038: 10034: 10020: 10018: 10010: 10009: 10005: 9998: 9984: 9980: 9970: 9968: 9961: 9955: 9948: 9938: 9936: 9926: 9922: 9912: 9910: 9909:on 14 July 2012 9903:Wayback Machine 9891: 9884: 9879:on 9 June 2007. 9859: 9846: 9836: 9834: 9824: 9820: 9810: 9808: 9799: 9798: 9794: 9784: 9782: 9773: 9772: 9768: 9758: 9756: 9755:. 28 April 2019 9747: 9746: 9742: 9732: 9730: 9726: 9718: 9714: 9699: 9698: 9694: 9685: 9684: 9680: 9668: 9664: 9663: 9659: 9654:. 22 July 2021. 9650: 9649: 9645: 9602:India Quarterly 9594: 9590: 9579: 9566: 9551: 9547: 9532: 9528: 9521: 9507: 9500: 9493: 9479: 9475: 9465: 9463: 9456: 9452: 9451: 9447: 9437: 9435: 9428: 9424: 9414: 9412: 9403: 9402: 9398: 9388: 9386: 9381: 9380: 9376: 9366: 9364: 9354: 9350: 9340: 9338: 9328: 9321: 9310: 9306: 9295: 9291: 9252: 9248: 9238: 9236: 9226: 9222: 9207: 9193: 9189: 9179: 9177: 9154: 9147: 9132: 9088: 9079: 9069: 9067: 9055: 9049: 9040: 9033: 9015: 9008: 8989: 8978: 8968: 8966: 8964:National Review 8956: 8952: 8942: 8940: 8931:(14 May 2009). 8929:Fawaz A. Gerges 8926: 8922: 8912: 8910: 8903:Charles Kurzman 8900: 8893: 8883: 8881: 8871: 8867: 8857: 8855: 8847: 8846: 8842: 8832: 8830: 8826: 8819: 8813: 8812: 8808: 8798: 8796: 8788: 8784: 8783: 8779: 8770: 8769: 8765: 8755: 8753: 8745: 8744: 8740: 8721:Ritchie, Hannah 8717: 8713: 8703: 8701: 8697: 8686:Wayback Machine 8680: 8676: 8675: 8671: 8655: 8654: 8647: 8645: 8631: 8627: 8612: 8574: 8563: 8548:Crone, Patricia 8540: 8536: 8530: 8526: 8485: 8481: 8477: 8472: 8471: 8462: 8458: 8452: 8448: 8434:schools of fiqh 8431: 8427: 8414: 8410: 8397: 8393: 8385: 8381: 8371: 8367: 8362: 8358: 8329: 8325: 8319: 8315: 8306: 8302: 8297: 8292: 8274:Hindu terrorism 8164: 8159: 8157: 8154: 8149: 8090:Lashkar-e-Taiba 8059:, Pakistan and 8021:Houthi movement 7952:Ansar al-sharia 7898: 7879: 7873: 7807: 7802: 7790: 7758: 7753: 7705: 7695: 7691:Main category: 7670: 7650: 7644: 7639: 7634: 7628: 7623: 7617: 7612: 7606: 7586:Shaker al-Abssi 7507:Future Movement 7428: 7417: 7411: 7408: 7394:Please help by 7393: 7384: 7380: 7373: 7365:Tawhid al-Jihad 7305:Second Intifada 7262: 7256: 7240: 7234: 7209:(also known as 7159: 7153: 7148: 7143: 7137: 7094: 7055:Magnus Ranstorp 6973: 6967:Islam in Sweden 6963: 6957: 6943:was treated as 6860: 6852:Main articles: 6850: 6754: 6742: 6730: 6709:insulting Islam 6681:Hofstad Network 6663: 6657: 6655: 6647:Main articles: 6645: 6591: 6585: 6569: 6483: 6481:Islam in France 6469: 6442:stabbing attack 6411: 6405: 6381:Mohamed Belkaid 6318: 6304: 6292: 6189:Stade de France 6144: 6143: 6142: 6139: 6138: 6133: 6120: 6116: 6105: 6099: 6091:Main articles: 6089: 6077: 6071: 6043:Malay Peninsula 6039:South China Sea 5970:the Philippines 5962: 5956: 5951: 5945: 5940: 5920: 5915: 5909: 5827:Lashkar-e-Taiba 5824: 5814: 5774:), also called 5749: 5743: 5738: 5696: 5690: 5685: 5642: 5636: 5624: 5601: 5580: 5575: 5540: 5486: 5474: 5462: 5456: 5431: 5423:Abubakar Shekau 5401: 5395: 5375: 5343: 5303: 5297:Salafia Jihadia 5289: 5254: 5249: 5243: 5179: 5173: 5139: 5133: 5088: 5064: 5058: 5037:Somali warlords 5033: 5009: 5003: 4997: 4988: 4982: 4945: 4844:militant group 4835: 4815:Abubakar Shekau 4805: 4788: 4716: 4710:Beheading video 4706: 4700: 4684: 4672: 4666: 4664:Suicide attacks 4661: 4655: 4585:Charles Kurzman 4571: 4559:defensive jihad 4551: 4545: 4432:individualistic 4384:Hassan al-Banna 4302: 4297: 4217:Lawrence Wright 4017:social networks 4015:. He concluded 4005: 3984: 3979: 3955: 3877:Michael Scheuer 3810: 3763: 3718: 3680:Sebastian Gorka 3581:legal historian 3577:Salafi jihadism 3559:Death to Israel 3453:jihadi-Salafist 3451:) developed by 3420: 3414: 3373: 3367: 3211:Salafi jihadist 3165: 3108: 3070:Western society 3062: 3054:Osama bin Laden 3015: 2971: 2841: 2835: 2795: 2772:dawah wahhabiya 2708:terrorism both 2687: 2554:Salafi jihadism 2536: 2520:suicide attacks 2457:Salafi jihadism 2437: 2381:suicide bombers 2314:Daniel Benjamin 2311: 2303:Michael Scheuer 2287: 2281: 2272: 2263:Welt am Sonntag 2258: 2230: 2185:and subsequent 2121:Osama bin Laden 2032: 1988:Others such as 1986: 1981: 1911: 1891:other religions 1777:carried out by 1761:(also known as 1752: 1723: 1722: 1679:In Christianity 1659: 1651: 1650: 1621: 1613: 1612: 1611: 1610: 1486: 1478: 1477: 1476: 1475: 1437: 1429: 1428: 1427: 1426: 1380: 1372: 1371: 1370: 1369: 1227: 1216: 1201: 1165: 1163: 1158: 1157: 1104: 1103: 1094: 1093: 1042: 1041: 1032: 1031: 1012: 1011: 1002: 1001: 930: 929: 920: 919: 913:Salafi jihadism 884: 883: 870: 869: 850:Beheading video 843:Martyrdom video 808: 807: 782: 753: 752: 728: 720: 719: 714: 639: 610:State terrorism 592: 584: 583: 569: 561: 560: 559: 555:Vehicle-ramming 548: 383: 381: 364: 363: 362: 307: 299: 298: 293: 279:Ethnic violence 260: 225: 170: 131: 120: 75: 69: 66: 47: 30: 26: 17: 12: 11: 5: 26689: 26679: 26678: 26673: 26668: 26663: 26646: 26645: 26643: 26642: 26641: 26640: 26632: 26631: 26630: 26620: 26615: 26614: 26613: 26603: 26602: 26601: 26593: 26588: 26587: 26586: 26578: 26577: 26576: 26568: 26567: 26566: 26558: 26557: 26556: 26548: 26547: 26546: 26537: 26535: 26531: 26530: 26528: 26527: 26522: 26517: 26511: 26509: 26505: 26504: 26502: 26501: 26496: 26491: 26486: 26480: 26478: 26474: 26473: 26471: 26470: 26465: 26460: 26454: 26452: 26448: 26447: 26445: 26444: 26439: 26434: 26429: 26424: 26418: 26416: 26412: 26411: 26409: 26408: 26403: 26397: 26395: 26391: 26390: 26388: 26387: 26386: 26385: 26378:Suicide attack 26375: 26370: 26365: 26360: 26355: 26350: 26345: 26340: 26335: 26333:Agro-terrorism 26329: 26327: 26320: 26319: 26317: 26316: 26310: 26305: 26296: 26291: 26289:Narcoterrorism 26286: 26285: 26284: 26279: 26269: 26264: 26259: 26254: 26248: 26246: 26242: 26241: 26234: 26232: 26230: 26229: 26224: 26219: 26214: 26209: 26204: 26198: 26196: 26192: 26191: 26184: 26183: 26176: 26169: 26161: 26152: 26151: 26146: 26145: 26141: 26140: 26139: 26138: 26133: 26123: 26118: 26113: 26108: 26103: 26102: 26101: 26096: 26086: 26080: 26079: 26078: 26076: 26075:Related topics 26072: 26071: 26069: 26064: 26059: 26054: 26049: 26048: 26047: 26037: 26032: 26027: 26025: 26021: 26020: 26018: 26017: 26012: 26007: 26002: 25997: 25991: 25990: 25983: 25976: 25969: 25962: 25955: 25948: 25941: 25934: 25927: 25920: 25913: 25906: 25899: 25892: 25885: 25877: 25875: 25869: 25868: 25866: 25865: 25864: 25863: 25858: 25853: 25852: 25851: 25846: 25833: 25828: 25827: 25826: 25821: 25811: 25810: 25809: 25799: 25798: 25797: 25792: 25787: 25782: 25772: 25767: 25762: 25761: 25760: 25750: 25744: 25742: 25736: 25735: 25733: 25732: 25727: 25722: 25717: 25712: 25707: 25702: 25697: 25696: 25695: 25685: 25680: 25675: 25670: 25669: 25668: 25663: 25658: 25648: 25643: 25642: 25641: 25631: 25630: 25629: 25619: 25614: 25609: 25608: 25607: 25597: 25596: 25595: 25585: 25580: 25575: 25570: 25564: 25562: 25556: 25555: 25553: 25552: 25547: 25542: 25537: 25532: 25527: 25522: 25517: 25511: 25509: 25505: 25504: 25502: 25501: 25496: 25495: 25494: 25492:Book of Mormon 25484: 25479: 25474: 25468: 25466: 25462: 25461: 25459: 25458: 25456:Zoroastrianism 25453: 25448: 25443: 25438: 25433: 25428: 25423: 25418: 25413: 25412: 25411: 25406: 25401: 25391: 25390: 25389: 25379: 25378: 25377: 25372: 25367: 25362: 25357: 25352: 25347: 25342: 25332: 25327: 25321: 25319: 25315: 25314: 25307: 25306: 25299: 25292: 25284: 25275: 25274: 25272: 25271: 25261: 25250: 25247: 25246: 25244: 25243: 25238: 25233: 25228: 25221: 25214: 25209: 25204: 25200:Situation Room 25196: 25191: 25186: 25181: 25176: 25171: 25166: 25161: 25156: 25151: 25146: 25141: 25136: 25131: 25126: 25121: 25116: 25111: 25106: 25101: 25095: 25093: 25089: 25088: 25086: 25085: 25080: 25075: 25070: 25065: 25060: 25054: 25047: 25045: 25041: 25040: 25037: 25036: 25034: 25033: 25028: 25023: 25018: 25013: 25008: 25003: 24998: 24993: 24988: 24983: 24978: 24972: 24970: 24966: 24965: 24963: 24962: 24957: 24952: 24947: 24942: 24937: 24932: 24926: 24924: 24911: 24907: 24906: 24903: 24902: 24899: 24898: 24896: 24895: 24890: 24885: 24880: 24875: 24870: 24865: 24860: 24855: 24850: 24845: 24840: 24835: 24830: 24824: 24822: 24818: 24817: 24815: 24814: 24809: 24804: 24799: 24797:Khalil Haqqani 24794: 24789: 24784: 24779: 24774: 24769: 24763: 24761: 24754: 24750: 24749: 24747: 24746: 24741: 24736: 24734:European Union 24731: 24726: 24724:United Kingdom 24721: 24716: 24711: 24701: 24696: 24691: 24686: 24680: 24678: 24671: 24667: 24666: 24664: 24663: 24658: 24648: 24638: 24632: 24629: 24628: 24621: 24620: 24613: 24606: 24598: 24589: 24588: 24586: 24585: 24580: 24573: 24570: 24569: 24566: 24565: 24562: 24561: 24559: 24558: 24553: 24548: 24542: 24540: 24539:Related topics 24536: 24535: 24533: 24532: 24530:United Kingdom 24527: 24522: 24517: 24511: 24509: 24505: 24504: 24502: 24501: 24496: 24491: 24486: 24481: 24475: 24473: 24469: 24468: 24466: 24465: 24460: 24455: 24450: 24445: 24443:Faith campaign 24440: 24435: 24430: 24425: 24420: 24415: 24410: 24404: 24402: 24396: 24395: 24393: 24392: 24388:The Green Book 24384: 24376: 24368: 24360: 24352: 24344: 24342:(Iqbal, 1930s) 24340:Reconstruction 24335: 24333: 24325: 24324: 24314: 24313: 24310: 24309: 24306: 24305: 24303: 24302: 24300:Talibanization 24297: 24292: 24287: 24282: 24277: 24272: 24266: 24264: 24260: 24259: 24257: 24256: 24251: 24246: 24241: 24236: 24234:Akhtar Mansour 24231: 24226: 24221: 24216: 24211: 24205: 24203: 24199: 24198: 24196: 24195: 24194: 24193: 24188: 24183: 24173: 24172: 24171: 24170: 24169: 24164: 24154: 24153: 24152: 24145:Southeast Asia 24142: 24141: 24140: 24135: 24125: 24124: 24123: 24118: 24113: 24111:Fatah al-Islam 24108: 24094: 24092: 24088: 24087: 24085: 24084: 24079: 24073: 24071: 24063: 24062: 24046: 24045: 24042: 24041: 24038: 24037: 24035: 24034: 24029: 24024: 24019: 24013: 24011: 24007: 24006: 24004: 24003: 23998: 23993: 23991:Salman al-Ouda 23988: 23983: 23978: 23973: 23968: 23963: 23958: 23953: 23947: 23945: 23939: 23938: 23935: 23934: 23932: 23931: 23926: 23921: 23920: 23919: 23909: 23904: 23899: 23893: 23891: 23885: 23884: 23882: 23881: 23876: 23874:Sahwa movement 23871: 23866: 23860: 23858: 23851: 23843: 23842: 23830: 23829: 23826: 23825: 23823: 23822: 23817: 23812: 23807: 23802: 23797: 23792: 23787: 23782: 23777: 23772: 23770:Ata Abu Rashta 23767: 23762: 23757: 23752: 23747: 23742: 23737: 23732: 23727: 23722: 23717: 23715:Muhammad Iqbal 23712: 23707: 23702: 23697: 23692: 23687: 23682: 23677: 23672: 23667: 23662: 23660:Muhammad Abduh 23656: 23654: 23651: 23648: 23647: 23644: 23643: 23641: 23640: 23635: 23630: 23624: 23622: 23618: 23617: 23615: 23614: 23609: 23604: 23599: 23597:Fatah Alliance 23594: 23589: 23584: 23579: 23574: 23569: 23564: 23559: 23554: 23549: 23544: 23539: 23534: 23529: 23524: 23519: 23514: 23509: 23503: 23501: 23495: 23494: 23492: 23491: 23490: 23489: 23484: 23474: 23469: 23464: 23459: 23458: 23457: 23452: 23445:Hizb ut-Tahrir 23442: 23436: 23434: 23427: 23423: 23422: 23420: 23419: 23414: 23409: 23404: 23397: 23392: 23387: 23382: 23381: 23380: 23370: 23365: 23364: 23363: 23358: 23348: 23343: 23338: 23333: 23328: 23323: 23317: 23315: 23311: 23310: 23308: 23307: 23302: 23301: 23300: 23290: 23289: 23288: 23278: 23272: 23270: 23260: 23259: 23252: 23251: 23244: 23237: 23229: 23220: 23219: 23217: 23216: 23206: 23193: 23190: 23189: 23186: 23185: 23182: 23181: 23179: 23178: 23173: 23168: 23163: 23158: 23153: 23148: 23143: 23138: 23137: 23136: 23126: 23125: 23124: 23119: 23114: 23104: 23099: 23098: 23097: 23092: 23081: 23079: 23078:Related topics 23075: 23074: 23072: 23071: 23066: 23061: 23056: 23050: 23048: 23042: 23041: 23039: 23038: 23033: 23028: 23023: 23018: 23017: 23016: 23011: 23000: 22998: 22988: 22987: 22974: 22973: 22970: 22969: 22966: 22965: 22963: 22962: 22957: 22950: 22945: 22944: 22943: 22933: 22928: 22923: 22918: 22913: 22907: 22905: 22901: 22900: 22898: 22897: 22892: 22887: 22882: 22876: 22874: 22868: 22867: 22865: 22864: 22859: 22854: 22849: 22844: 22839: 22834: 22829: 22823: 22821: 22815: 22814: 22812: 22811: 22806: 22801: 22796: 22791: 22786: 22781: 22776: 22770: 22768: 22758: 22757: 22742: 22741: 22738: 22737: 22734: 22733: 22731: 22730: 22725: 22724: 22723: 22711: 22709:Sources of law 22706: 22701: 22700: 22699: 22689: 22682: 22677: 22670: 22665: 22658: 22653: 22648: 22643: 22638: 22633: 22628: 22623: 22616: 22609: 22608: 22607: 22602: 22597: 22587: 22582: 22574: 22572: 22568: 22567: 22565: 22564: 22557: 22550: 22543: 22536: 22529: 22522: 22514: 22512: 22510: 22509: 22504: 22499: 22493: 22490: 22489: 22487: 22486: 22479: 22474: 22467: 22460: 22453: 22445: 22443: 22437: 22436: 22434: 22433: 22426: 22419: 22412: 22405: 22400: 22394: 22392: 22382: 22381: 22378: 22377: 22372: 22366: 22358: 22357: 22354: 22353: 22351: 22350: 22345: 22340: 22335: 22333:Social welfare 22330: 22325: 22318: 22313: 22308: 22303: 22298: 22293: 22288: 22283: 22278: 22273: 22268: 22263: 22258: 22253: 22247: 22245: 22243: 22242: 22237: 22231: 22228: 22227: 22225: 22224: 22219: 22214: 22213: 22212: 22202: 22197: 22192: 22191: 22190: 22185: 22184: 22183: 22173: 22168: 22163: 22153: 22148: 22143: 22142: 22141: 22118: 22116: 22110: 22109: 22107: 22106: 22099: 22094: 22089: 22084: 22078: 22076: 22070: 22069: 22067: 22066: 22065: 22064: 22059: 22054: 22049: 22044: 22039: 22034: 22029: 22017: 22012: 22005: 21998: 21996:Historiography 21993: 21988: 21983: 21978: 21972: 21970: 21968: 21967: 21962: 21956: 21953: 21952: 21950: 21949: 21942: 21935: 21928: 21921: 21913: 21911: 21905: 21904: 21902: 21901: 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Free Press. 21523: 21517: 21504: 21487: 21473: 21458: 21452: 21439: 21433: 21420: 21414: 21399: 21385: 21370: 21364: 21351: 21345: 21332: 21318: 21303: 21297: 21284: 21278: 21263: 21249: 21222: 21220: 21217: 21216: 21215: 21209: 21192: 21186: 21169: 21163: 21148: 21142: 21127: 21121: 21097: 21088: 21069: 21066: 21064: 21063: 21048: 21022: 20991: 20973: 20955: 20937: 20919: 20905:on 8 July 2018 20886: 20857: 20839: 20809: 20777: 20755: 20737: 20720: 20698: 20675: 20645: 20626: 20606: 20594:Ottawa Citizen 20580: 20563:Ottawa Citizen 20549: 20527: 20514: 20496: 20470: 20444: 20422: 20386: 20373: 20360: 20344: 20328: 20315: 20309:Pape, Robert, 20302: 20296:Roy, Olivier, 20289: 20270: 20244: 20222: 20192: 20166: 20148: 20126: 20090: 20064: 20042: 20012: 20001:on 12 May 2008 19980: 19957: 19941: 19915: 19882: 19853: 19814: 19771: 19745: 19704: 19691: 19687:978-1585747498 19670: 19616: 19585: 19573: 19561: 19539: 19526: 19514: 19462: 19440: 19423:Kohlmann, Evan 19414: 19405: 19383: 19360: 19342: 19309: 19283: 19280:. 13 May 2022. 19265: 19232: 19206: 19180: 19154: 19124: 19095: 19064: 19035: 19021:(in Spanish). 19018:Las Provincias 19003: 18996: 18960: 18935: 18909: 18877: 18865: 18836: 18810: 18784: 18766: 18740: 18727:svenska.yle.fi 18714: 18685: 18651: 18622: 18596: 18570: 18538: 18509: 18475: 18445: 18415: 18385: 18359: 18333: 18311: 18284: 18256: 18222: 18183: 18171:New York Times 18152: 18113: 18087: 18064:Storm, Linde. 18056: 18034: 18001: 17979: 17950: 17922: 17912: 17892: 17874: 17868:978-9295200791 17867: 17848: 17827: 17795: 17769: 17741: 17712: 17694: 17675: 17642: 17614: 17603:. Spacewar.com 17592: 17566: 17536: 17509: 17483: 17446: 17429:dictionary.com 17416: 17384: 17372: 17353: 17341: 17318: 17284: 17258: 17225: 17203: 17184: 17166: 17139: 17111: 17093: 17071: 17040: 17018: 16999: 16973: 16943: 16913: 16906: 16886: 16860: 16849:. 24 June 2021 16834: 16805: 16774: 16752: 16723: 16716: 16678: 16656: 16630: 16608: 16582: 16556: 16533: 16510: 16488: 16462: 16436: 16414: 16403:. 3 April 2015 16392: 16362: 16325: 16303: 16282: 16252: 16229: 16204: 16191: 16162: 16144: 16115: 16092: 16082: 16051: 16020: 15991: 15965: 15942: 15919: 15893: 15876:Foreign Policy 15868:Dreazen, Yochi 15859: 15836: 15805: 15774: 15745: 15722: 15699: 15673: 15645: 15638: 15620: 15601: 15569: 15555: 15529: 15507: 15481: 15470:. 3 March 2010 15455: 15426: 15404: 15378: 15348: 15318: 15311: 15293: 15271: 15249: 15236: 15205: 15177: 15135: 15112: 15093: 15082:on 2 June 2010 15067: 15055: 15032: 14997: 14990: 14972: 14934: 14908: 14885: 14876: 14874:Bukhari 50:891 14867: 14858: 14832: 14807:Christine Fair 14794: 14768: 14766:(2006), p. 304 14755: 14729: 14723:978-0143122012 14722: 14704:Pinker, Steven 14695: 14647: 14565: 14529: 14497: 14422: 14403: 14376: 14345: 14316: 14290: 14288:Sageman (2004) 14281: 14261: 14244: 14237: 14214: 14200: 14180: 14171: 14141: 14122: 14088: 14081: 14054: 14033:The Australian 14020: 14009: 13980: 13949: 13935: 13896: 13887: 13873: 13853: 13822: 13793: 13780: 13755: 13742: 13713: 13687: 13659: 13632: 13617: 13581: 13541: 13496: 13442: 13435: 13415: 13401: 13381: 13374: 13343: 13292: 13281: 13255:Lewis, Bernard 13246: 13212: 13205: 13170: 13147: 13119: 13093: 13081:The New Yorker 13067: 13045: 13001: 12949: 12923: 12911:The World Post 12897: 12868: 12861: 12834: 12800: 12766: 12759: 12739: 12726: 12713: 12672: 12661:. The Diplomat 12649: 12628:(3): 259–285. 12605: 12583: 12557: 12545: 12538: 12520: 12506: 12490: 12477: 12463: 12456: 12436: 12430:Wright, Robin 12423: 12392: 12378: 12365: 12330: 12323: 12301: 12294: 12274: 12267: 12249: 12221: 12206: 12170: 12139: 12110: 12098: 12073: 12064: 12053:on 17 May 2017 12023: 11990: 11979: 11961: 11935: 11909: 11896: 11883: 11846: 11832: 11812: 11779: 11765: 11743: 11723: 11716: 11696: 11689: 11671: 11642: 11624: 11613: 11587: 11560: 11541: 11502: 11495: 11477: 11443: 11428: 11394: 11383: 11357: 11342: 11316: 11286: 11259: 11237: 11207: 11177: 11142: 11135: 11114: 11096: 11070: 11048: 11011: 10997: 10977: 10953: 10918: 10899: 10867: 10849: 10842: 10822: 10815: 10792: 10785: 10765: 10752: 10736: 10716: 10703: 10690: 10677: 10661: 10643: 10630: 10617: 10604: 10591: 10578: 10565: 10552: 10539: 10526: 10513: 10501: 10476: 10462: 10442: 10429: 10413: 10394: 10385: 10372: 10349: 10313: 10275: 10244: 10231:(7): 581–604. 10211: 10166: 10148: 10134: 10104: 10091: 10065: 10032: 10003: 9996: 9978: 9946: 9920: 9882: 9844: 9818: 9792: 9766: 9740: 9712: 9692: 9678: 9673:theswissbay.ch 9657: 9643: 9588: 9564: 9545: 9540:Ottawa Citizen 9526: 9519: 9498: 9491: 9473: 9445: 9422: 9396: 9374: 9348: 9319: 9304: 9289: 9262:(3): 394–426. 9246: 9220: 9205: 9187: 9159:(March 2015). 9145: 9130: 9096:Upal, M. Afzal 9077: 9038: 9031: 9006: 8976: 8950: 8920: 8891: 8865: 8840: 8806: 8777: 8763: 8738: 8711: 8669: 8634:Siddiqui, Mona 8625: 8610: 8561: 8534: 8524: 8478: 8476: 8473: 8470: 8469: 8456: 8446: 8425: 8408: 8391: 8379: 8365: 8356: 8340:Saddam Hussien 8323: 8313: 8299: 8298: 8296: 8293: 8291: 8288: 8287: 8286: 8281: 8276: 8271: 8266: 8261: 8256: 8251: 8246: 8241: 8236: 8231: 8226: 8221: 8216: 8211: 8206: 8201: 8196: 8191: 8186: 8181: 8176: 8170: 8169: 8153: 8150: 8148: 8147: 8141: 8135: 8129: 8123: 8117: 8111: 8105: 8099: 8093: 8087: 8081: 8075: 8069: 8063: 8054: 8048: 8039: 8030: 8024: 8018: 8012: 8006: 7997: 7991: 7985: 7979: 7973: 7967: 7961: 7960:(GIA), Algeria 7955: 7949: 7946:Ansar al-Islam 7943: 7937: 7931: 7925: 7919: 7906: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7875:Main article: 7872: 7869: 7842:Alberto Nisman 7834:Renault Trafic 7806: 7803: 7801: 7798: 7797: 7796: 7789: 7786: 7785: 7784: 7779: 7774: 7769: 7764: 7757: 7754: 7752: 7749: 7729:Michael Hayden 7669: 7666: 7643: 7640: 7638: 7635: 7630:Main article: 7627: 7624: 7619:Main article: 7616: 7613: 7608:Main article: 7605: 7602: 7567:Fatah al-Islam 7551:and later its 7528:occupied lands 7523:United Nations 7456:Islamic regime 7430: 7429: 7387: 7385: 7378: 7372: 7369: 7293:rocket attacks 7273:First Intifada 7258:Main article: 7255: 7252: 7236:Main article: 7233: 7230: 7195:Turkish police 7152: 7149: 7147: 7144: 7139:Main article: 7136: 7133: 7093: 7090: 7059:Ywonne Ruwaida 7014:In the 2000s, 7009:Ansar al-Islam 7005:Ansar al-Sunna 6959:Main article: 6956: 6953: 6923:Al-Nusra Front 6858:Islam in Spain 6849: 6846: 6821:Shamil Basayev 6769:North Caucasus 6753: 6750: 6741: 6738: 6729: 6726: 6725: 6724: 6716: 6684: 6662: 6659: 6644: 6641: 6584: 6581: 6568: 6565: 6553: 6552: 6541: 6537: 6534: 6531: 6468: 6465: 6407:Main article: 6404: 6401: 6385:Salah Abdeslam 6352:Al-Nusra Front 6324:(GIA) and the 6303: 6300: 6299: 6298: 6291: 6288: 6268: 6267: 6264: 6257: 6209:European Union 6200:Tino Sanandaji 6140: 6135: 6134: 6123: 6121: 6114: 6109: 6108: 6107: 6106: 6088: 6085: 6073:Main article: 6070: 6067: 6031:southeast Asia 6007:assassinations 5955: 5952: 5947:Main article: 5944: 5941: 5939: 5938:Southeast Asia 5936: 5919: 5916: 5911:Main article: 5908: 5905: 5813: 5810: 5742: 5739: 5737: 5734: 5733: 5732: 5727: 5722: 5717: 5712: 5707: 5702: 5692:Main article: 5689: 5686: 5684: 5681: 5661:Hizb ut-Tahrir 5635: 5632: 5623: 5620: 5600: 5597: 5579: 5576: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5559: 5539: 5536: 5485: 5482: 5481: 5480: 5473: 5470: 5469: 5468: 5458:Main article: 5455: 5452: 5430: 5427: 5394: 5391: 5374: 5371: 5288: 5285: 5253: 5250: 5242: 5239: 5189:living in the 5175:Main article: 5172: 5169: 5154:Luxor massacre 5148:, an Egyptian 5135:Main article: 5132: 5129: 5125:Ansar ul Islam 5087: 5084: 5060:Main article: 5057: 5054: 5050:Gulf of Guinea 5032: 5029: 4996: 4993: 4984:Main article: 4981: 4978: 4952:Irwin Mansdorf 4944: 4941: 4919:Steven Sotloff 4899:Philip Balboni 4878:Foreign Policy 4840:leader of the 4834: 4831: 4804: 4801: 4787: 4784: 4757: 4756: 4702:Main article: 4699: 4696: 4683: 4680: 4670:Suicide attack 4665: 4662: 4657:Main article: 4654: 4651: 4570: 4567: 4547:Main article: 4544: 4541: 4529: 4528: 4520:Djamel Zitouni 4512:Djamel Zitouni 4477: 4476: 4365: 4364: 4357: 4356: 4338:Timothy Winter 4301: 4298: 4296: 4293: 4213: 4212: 4208: 4166:self-sacrifice 4089:homicide rates 4004: 4001: 4000: 3999: 3996: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3962:Ahmadi mosques 3860:Bruce Lawrence 3809: 3806: 3762: 3759: 3751:Chris E. Stout 3663:Abdullah Azzam 3624:fi sabil Allah 3619:fard al-kifaya 3598:jihad bil-saif 3535: 3534: 3499: 3498: 3465: 3464: 3416:Main article: 3413: 3410: 3366: 3363: 3296:Mazar-i-Sharif 3164: 3161: 3061: 3058: 3014: 3011: 2970: 2967: 2966: 2965: 2962: 2955: 2952: 2945:Ismail Haniyeh 2933: 2932: 2868:jihad bis saif 2837:Main article: 2834: 2831: 2827: 2826: 2819: 2816: 2813: 2806: 2794: 2791: 2757: 2756: 2741: 2686: 2683: 2644:preached that 2638: 2637: 2630: 2627: 2616: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2597: 2594: 2591: 2583: 2580: 2535: 2532: 2436: 2433: 2420: 2419: 2415: 2310: 2307: 2280: 2277: 2271: 2268: 2257: 2254: 2229: 2226: 2197:resisting the 2159:truck bombings 2137:asserted that 2109:Menachem Begin 2031: 2028: 1985: 1982: 1980: 1977: 1930:Bruce Lawrence 1914:George W. Bush 1910: 1907: 1779:fundamentalist 1775:terrorist acts 1754: 1753: 1751: 1750: 1743: 1736: 1728: 1725: 1724: 1721: 1720: 1719: 1718: 1713: 1703: 1698: 1693: 1688: 1683: 1682: 1681: 1676: 1666: 1660: 1658:Related topics 1657: 1656: 1653: 1652: 1649: 1648: 1643: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1622: 1620:Bibliographies 1619: 1618: 1615: 1614: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1606: 1601: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1589: 1576: 1571: 1570: 1569: 1564: 1554: 1553: 1552: 1542: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1532: 1527: 1517: 1512: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1495: 1489: 1488: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1479: 1474: 1473: 1468: 1467: 1466: 1464:Book of Mormon 1456: 1451: 1446: 1440: 1439: 1438: 1435: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1425: 1424: 1419: 1414: 1409: 1404: 1399: 1394: 1389: 1383: 1382: 1381: 1378: 1377: 1374: 1373: 1368: 1367: 1365:Zoroastrianism 1362: 1357: 1352: 1347: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1327: 1322: 1321: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1300: 1299: 1298: 1288: 1287: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1251: 1241: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1228: 1225: 1224: 1221: 1220: 1212: 1211: 1203: 1202: 1200: 1199: 1192: 1185: 1177: 1174: 1173: 1160: 1159: 1156: 1155: 1153:Jihadi tourism 1150: 1145: 1140: 1139: 1138: 1128: 1123: 1118: 1117: 1116: 1105: 1101: 1100: 1099: 1096: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1079: 1074: 1069: 1064: 1059: 1054: 1049: 1043: 1039: 1038: 1037: 1034: 1033: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1013: 1009: 1008: 1007: 1004: 1003: 1000: 999: 994: 992:Al-Nusra Front 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 944: 943: 942: 931: 927: 926: 925: 922: 921: 918: 917: 916: 915: 910: 896: 891: 885: 877: 876: 875: 872: 871: 868: 867: 862: 860:Suicide attack 857: 852: 847: 846: 845: 840: 835: 830: 820: 815: 809: 805: 804: 803: 800: 799: 793: 792: 784: 783: 781: 780: 773: 766: 758: 755: 754: 751: 750: 745: 740: 735: 729: 726: 725: 722: 721: 716: 715: 713: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 682: 677: 672: 667: 662: 657: 651: 648: 647: 641: 640: 638: 637: 632: 627: 622: 616: 613: 612: 606: 605: 604: 603: 593: 590: 589: 586: 585: 582: 581: 576: 570: 567: 566: 563: 562: 558: 557: 552: 545: 538:Suicide attack 535: 530: 529: 528: 523: 513: 508: 503: 498: 493: 488: 483: 478: 473: 471:Hostage-taking 468: 463: 458: 456:Cyberterrorism 453: 448: 447: 446: 441: 436: 431: 426: 416: 406: 401: 391: 389:Agro-terrorism 385: 384: 380: 379: 376: 372: 370: 369: 366: 365: 361: 360: 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 323:Radicalization 320: 315: 309: 308: 305: 304: 301: 300: 295: 294: 292: 291: 286: 281: 276: 270: 267: 266: 265:Related topics 262: 261: 259: 258: 253: 248: 243: 237: 234: 233: 227: 226: 224: 223: 218: 213: 210:Salafi-Wahhabi 203: 198: 188: 182: 179: 178: 172: 171: 169: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 137: 132: 126: 125: 122: 121: 119: 118: 113: 108: 102: 99: 98: 92: 91: 77: 76: 56:it, or adding 33: 31: 24: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 26688: 26677: 26674: 26672: 26669: 26667: 26664: 26662: 26659: 26658: 26656: 26639: 26636: 26635: 26633: 26629: 26626: 26625: 26624: 26623:United States 26621: 26619: 26616: 26612: 26609: 26608: 26607: 26604: 26600: 26597: 26596: 26594: 26592: 26589: 26585: 26582: 26581: 26579: 26575: 26572: 26571: 26569: 26565: 26562: 26561: 26559: 26555: 26552: 26551: 26549: 26545: 26542: 26541: 26539: 26538: 26536: 26532: 26526: 26523: 26521: 26518: 26516: 26513: 26512: 26510: 26506: 26500: 26497: 26495: 26492: 26490: 26487: 26485: 26482: 26481: 26479: 26475: 26469: 26466: 26464: 26461: 26459: 26456: 26455: 26453: 26449: 26443: 26442:Training camp 26440: 26438: 26435: 26433: 26430: 26428: 26425: 26423: 26420: 26419: 26417: 26413: 26407: 26404: 26402: 26399: 26398: 26396: 26392: 26384: 26381: 26380: 26379: 26376: 26374: 26371: 26369: 26366: 26364: 26361: 26359: 26356: 26354: 26351: 26349: 26346: 26344: 26341: 26339: 26336: 26334: 26331: 26330: 26328: 26326: 26321: 26314: 26311: 26309: 26306: 26304: 26300: 26297: 26295: 26292: 26290: 26287: 26283: 26280: 26278: 26275: 26274: 26273: 26270: 26268: 26265: 26263: 26260: 26258: 26255: 26253: 26250: 26249: 26247: 26243: 26238: 26228: 26227:War on Terror 26225: 26223: 26220: 26218: 26215: 26213: 26210: 26208: 26205: 26203: 26200: 26199: 26197: 26195:Main articles 26193: 26189: 26182: 26177: 26175: 26170: 26168: 26163: 26162: 26159: 26137: 26134: 26132: 26129: 26128: 26127: 26126:Superstitions 26124: 26122: 26119: 26117: 26114: 26112: 26109: 26107: 26104: 26100: 26097: 26095: 26092: 26091: 26090: 26087: 26085: 26082: 26081: 26077: 26073: 26068: 26065: 26063: 26060: 26058: 26055: 26053: 26050: 26046: 26043: 26042: 26041: 26038: 26036: 26033: 26031: 26028: 26026: 26022: 26016: 26013: 26011: 26008: 26006: 26003: 26001: 25998: 25996: 25993: 25992: 25989: 25988: 25984: 25982: 25981: 25977: 25975: 25974: 25970: 25968: 25967: 25963: 25961: 25960: 25956: 25954: 25953: 25949: 25947: 25946: 25942: 25940: 25939: 25935: 25933: 25932: 25928: 25926: 25925: 25921: 25919: 25918: 25914: 25912: 25911: 25907: 25905: 25904: 25900: 25898: 25897: 25893: 25891: 25890: 25886: 25884: 25883: 25879: 25878: 25876: 25874: 25870: 25862: 25859: 25857: 25854: 25850: 25847: 25845: 25842: 25841: 25840: 25837: 25836: 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25480: 25478: 25475: 25473: 25470: 25469: 25467: 25463: 25457: 25454: 25452: 25449: 25447: 25444: 25442: 25439: 25437: 25434: 25432: 25429: 25427: 25424: 25422: 25419: 25417: 25414: 25410: 25407: 25405: 25402: 25400: 25397: 25396: 25395: 25392: 25388: 25385: 25384: 25383: 25380: 25376: 25373: 25371: 25368: 25366: 25363: 25361: 25358: 25356: 25355:Protestantism 25353: 25351: 25348: 25346: 25343: 25341: 25338: 25337: 25336: 25333: 25331: 25328: 25326: 25323: 25322: 25320: 25316: 25312: 25305: 25300: 25298: 25293: 25291: 25286: 25285: 25282: 25270: 25262: 25260: 25252: 25251: 25248: 25242: 25239: 25237: 25234: 25232: 25229: 25227: 25226: 25222: 25220: 25219: 25215: 25213: 25210: 25208: 25205: 25203: 25201: 25197: 25195: 25192: 25190: 25187: 25185: 25182: 25180: 25177: 25175: 25172: 25170: 25167: 25165: 25162: 25160: 25157: 25155: 25152: 25150: 25147: 25145: 25142: 25140: 25137: 25135: 25132: 25130: 25127: 25125: 25122: 25120: 25117: 25115: 25112: 25110: 25109:Bush Doctrine 25107: 25105: 25102: 25100: 25097: 25096: 25094: 25090: 25084: 25081: 25079: 25076: 25074: 25071: 25069: 25066: 25064: 25061: 25058: 25057:Torture Memos 25055: 25052: 25049: 25048: 25046: 25042: 25032: 25029: 25027: 25024: 25022: 25019: 25017: 25014: 25012: 25009: 25007: 25004: 25002: 24999: 24997: 24994: 24992: 24989: 24987: 24984: 24982: 24979: 24977: 24974: 24973: 24971: 24967: 24961: 24958: 24956: 24953: 24951: 24948: 24946: 24943: 24941: 24938: 24936: 24933: 24931: 24928: 24927: 24925: 24923: 24922: 24915: 24912: 24908: 24894: 24893:Islamic State 24891: 24889: 24886: 24884: 24881: 24879: 24876: 24874: 24871: 24869: 24866: 24864: 24861: 24859: 24856: 24854: 24851: 24849: 24846: 24844: 24841: 24839: 24836: 24834: 24831: 24829: 24826: 24825: 24823: 24819: 24813: 24810: 24808: 24805: 24803: 24800: 24798: 24795: 24793: 24790: 24788: 24785: 24783: 24780: 24778: 24775: 24773: 24770: 24768: 24765: 24764: 24762: 24758: 24755: 24751: 24745: 24742: 24740: 24737: 24735: 24732: 24730: 24729:United States 24727: 24725: 24722: 24720: 24717: 24715: 24712: 24709: 24705: 24702: 24700: 24697: 24695: 24692: 24690: 24687: 24685: 24682: 24681: 24679: 24675: 24672: 24668: 24662: 24659: 24656: 24653:(2003–2011) ( 24652: 24649: 24646: 24642: 24639: 24637: 24634: 24633: 24630: 24626: 24625:War on terror 24619: 24614: 24612: 24607: 24605: 24600: 24599: 24596: 24584: 24581: 24579: 24575: 24574: 24571: 24557: 24554: 24552: 24549: 24547: 24544: 24543: 24541: 24537: 24531: 24528: 24526: 24523: 24521: 24518: 24516: 24513: 24512: 24510: 24506: 24500: 24497: 24495: 24492: 24490: 24487: 24485: 24482: 24480: 24477: 24476: 24474: 24470: 24464: 24461: 24459: 24456: 24454: 24453:War on terror 24451: 24449: 24446: 24444: 24441: 24439: 24436: 24434: 24431: 24429: 24426: 24424: 24421: 24419: 24416: 24414: 24411: 24409: 24406: 24405: 24403: 24397: 24391: 24389: 24385: 24383: 24381: 24377: 24375: 24373: 24369: 24367: 24365: 24361: 24359: 24357: 24353: 24351: 24349: 24345: 24343: 24341: 24337: 24336: 24334: 24330: 24326: 24319: 24315: 24301: 24298: 24296: 24293: 24291: 24288: 24286: 24283: 24281: 24278: 24276: 24273: 24271: 24268: 24267: 24265: 24261: 24255: 24252: 24250: 24247: 24245: 24242: 24240: 24237: 24235: 24232: 24230: 24227: 24225: 24222: 24220: 24217: 24215: 24212: 24210: 24207: 24206: 24204: 24202:Major figures 24200: 24192: 24189: 24187: 24184: 24182: 24179: 24178: 24177: 24174: 24168: 24165: 24163: 24160: 24159: 24158: 24155: 24151: 24148: 24147: 24146: 24143: 24139: 24136: 24134: 24131: 24130: 24129: 24126: 24122: 24119: 24117: 24114: 24112: 24109: 24107: 24104: 24103: 24102: 24099: 24098: 24096: 24095: 24093: 24089: 24083: 24080: 24078: 24075: 24074: 24072: 24068: 24064: 24060: 24056: 24051: 24047: 24033: 24030: 24028: 24025: 24023: 24020: 24018: 24015: 24014: 24012: 24008: 24002: 23999: 23997: 23996:Ali al-Tamimi 23994: 23992: 23989: 23987: 23984: 23982: 23979: 23977: 23974: 23972: 23969: 23967: 23964: 23962: 23959: 23957: 23954: 23952: 23949: 23948: 23946: 23944: 23943:Major figures 23940: 23930: 23927: 23925: 23922: 23918: 23917:Islamist Bloc 23915: 23914: 23913: 23912:Al-Nour Party 23910: 23908: 23905: 23903: 23900: 23898: 23895: 23894: 23892: 23890: 23886: 23880: 23877: 23875: 23872: 23870: 23867: 23865: 23862: 23861: 23859: 23855: 23852: 23848: 23844: 23840: 23835: 23831: 23821: 23818: 23816: 23813: 23811: 23808: 23806: 23803: 23801: 23798: 23796: 23793: 23791: 23788: 23786: 23783: 23781: 23780:Navvab Safavi 23778: 23776: 23773: 23771: 23768: 23766: 23765:Tariq Ramadan 23763: 23761: 23758: 23756: 23753: 23751: 23748: 23746: 23743: 23741: 23738: 23736: 23733: 23731: 23728: 23726: 23723: 23721: 23718: 23716: 23713: 23711: 23710:Safwat Hegazi 23708: 23706: 23703: 23701: 23698: 23696: 23693: 23691: 23688: 23686: 23683: 23681: 23680:Muhammad Asad 23678: 23676: 23673: 23671: 23668: 23666: 23663: 23661: 23658: 23657: 23655: 23649: 23639: 23636: 23634: 23631: 23629: 23626: 23625: 23623: 23619: 23613: 23610: 23608: 23605: 23603: 23600: 23598: 23595: 23593: 23592:Welfare Party 23590: 23588: 23585: 23583: 23580: 23578: 23575: 23573: 23570: 23568: 23565: 23563: 23560: 23558: 23555: 23553: 23550: 23548: 23545: 23543: 23540: 23538: 23535: 23533: 23530: 23528: 23525: 23523: 23520: 23518: 23515: 23513: 23510: 23508: 23505: 23504: 23502: 23500: 23496: 23488: 23485: 23483: 23480: 23479: 23478: 23475: 23473: 23470: 23468: 23465: 23463: 23460: 23456: 23453: 23451: 23448: 23447: 23446: 23443: 23441: 23438: 23437: 23435: 23431: 23428: 23424: 23418: 23415: 23413: 23410: 23408: 23407:Turkish model 23405: 23403: 23402: 23398: 23396: 23393: 23391: 23390:Post-Islamism 23388: 23386: 23383: 23379: 23376: 23375: 23374: 23371: 23369: 23366: 23362: 23359: 23357: 23354: 23353: 23352: 23351:Islamic state 23349: 23347: 23344: 23342: 23339: 23337: 23334: 23332: 23329: 23327: 23324: 23322: 23319: 23318: 23316: 23312: 23306: 23305:Shia Islamism 23303: 23299: 23296: 23295: 23294: 23291: 23287: 23284: 23283: 23282: 23279: 23277: 23274: 23273: 23271: 23269: 23265: 23261: 23257: 23250: 23245: 23243: 23238: 23236: 23231: 23230: 23227: 23215: 23207: 23205: 23195: 23194: 23191: 23177: 23174: 23172: 23169: 23167: 23164: 23162: 23159: 23157: 23154: 23152: 23149: 23147: 23144: 23142: 23139: 23135: 23132: 23131: 23130: 23127: 23123: 23120: 23118: 23117:Post-Islamism 23115: 23113: 23110: 23109: 23108: 23105: 23103: 23100: 23096: 23093: 23091: 23088: 23087: 23086: 23083: 23082: 23080: 23076: 23070: 23067: 23065: 23062: 23060: 23057: 23055: 23052: 23051: 23049: 23047: 23043: 23037: 23034: 23032: 23029: 23027: 23024: 23022: 23019: 23015: 23014:Protestantism 23012: 23010: 23007: 23006: 23005: 23002: 23001: 22999: 22997: 22993: 22989: 22979: 22975: 22961: 22958: 22956: 22955: 22951: 22949: 22946: 22942: 22939: 22938: 22937: 22934: 22932: 22929: 22927: 22924: 22922: 22919: 22917: 22914: 22912: 22909: 22908: 22906: 22902: 22896: 22893: 22891: 22888: 22886: 22883: 22881: 22878: 22877: 22875: 22873: 22869: 22863: 22860: 22858: 22857:Ophthalmology 22855: 22853: 22850: 22848: 22845: 22843: 22840: 22838: 22835: 22833: 22830: 22828: 22825: 22824: 22822: 22820: 22816: 22810: 22807: 22805: 22802: 22800: 22797: 22795: 22792: 22790: 22787: 22785: 22782: 22780: 22777: 22775: 22772: 22771: 22769: 22767: 22763: 22759: 22755: 22747: 22743: 22729: 22726: 22722: 22721: 22717: 22716: 22715: 22712: 22710: 22707: 22705: 22702: 22698: 22695: 22694: 22693: 22690: 22688: 22687: 22683: 22681: 22678: 22676: 22675: 22671: 22669: 22666: 22664: 22663: 22659: 22657: 22654: 22652: 22649: 22647: 22644: 22642: 22639: 22637: 22634: 22632: 22629: 22627: 22624: 22622: 22621: 22617: 22615: 22614: 22610: 22606: 22605:Death penalty 22603: 22601: 22598: 22596: 22593: 22592: 22591: 22588: 22586: 22583: 22581: 22580: 22576: 22575: 22573: 22571:Other aspects 22569: 22563: 22562: 22558: 22556: 22555: 22551: 22549: 22548: 22544: 22542: 22541: 22537: 22535: 22534: 22530: 22528: 22527: 22523: 22521: 22520: 22516: 22515: 22513: 22508: 22505: 22503: 22500: 22498: 22495: 22494: 22491: 22485: 22484: 22480: 22478: 22475: 22473: 22472: 22468: 22466: 22465: 22461: 22459: 22458: 22454: 22452: 22451: 22447: 22446: 22444: 22442: 22438: 22432: 22431: 22427: 22425: 22424: 22420: 22418: 22417: 22413: 22411: 22410: 22406: 22404: 22401: 22399: 22396: 22395: 22393: 22391: 22387: 22383: 22376: 22375:Jurisprudence 22373: 22371: 22368: 22367: 22363: 22359: 22349: 22346: 22344: 22341: 22339: 22336: 22334: 22331: 22329: 22326: 22324: 22323: 22319: 22317: 22314: 22312: 22309: 22307: 22304: 22302: 22299: 22297: 22294: 22292: 22289: 22287: 22284: 22282: 22279: 22277: 22274: 22272: 22269: 22267: 22264: 22262: 22259: 22257: 22254: 22252: 22249: 22248: 22246: 22241: 22238: 22236: 22233: 22232: 22229: 22223: 22220: 22218: 22215: 22211: 22208: 22207: 22206: 22203: 22201: 22198: 22196: 22193: 22189: 22186: 22182: 22179: 22178: 22177: 22174: 22172: 22169: 22167: 22164: 22162: 22159: 22158: 22157: 22154: 22152: 22149: 22147: 22144: 22140: 22136: 22132: 22128: 22125: 22124: 22123: 22120: 22119: 22117: 22115: 22114:Denominations 22111: 22105: 22104: 22100: 22098: 22095: 22093: 22090: 22088: 22085: 22083: 22080: 22079: 22077: 22075: 22071: 22063: 22060: 22058: 22055: 22053: 22050: 22048: 22045: 22043: 22040: 22038: 22035: 22033: 22030: 22028: 22027: 22023: 22022: 22021: 22018: 22016: 22013: 22011: 22010: 22006: 22004: 22003: 21999: 21997: 21994: 21992: 21989: 21987: 21984: 21982: 21979: 21977: 21974: 21973: 21971: 21966: 21963: 21961: 21958: 21957: 21954: 21948: 21947: 21943: 21941: 21940: 21936: 21934: 21933: 21929: 21927: 21926: 21922: 21920: 21919: 21915: 21914: 21912: 21910: 21906: 21900: 21899:Holiest sites 21897: 21895: 21894:Judgement Day 21892: 21890: 21889: 21885: 21883: 21880: 21878: 21875: 21873: 21870: 21866: 21863: 21862: 21861: 21858: 21856: 21855: 21851: 21847: 21844: 21843: 21842: 21839: 21838: 21836: 21834: 21830: 21826: 21822: 21821: 21815: 21810: 21803: 21798: 21796: 21791: 21789: 21784: 21783: 21780: 21774: 21767: 21758: 21754: 21750: 21744: 21740: 21736: 21735: 21729: 21725: 21721: 21717: 21711: 21707: 21703: 21699: 21695: 21689: 21685: 21684: 21679: 21675: 21671: 21665: 21661: 21657: 21656: 21651: 21647: 21643: 21637: 21633: 21628: 21625: 21624: 21619: 21618:Kepel, Gilles 21616: 21613: 21612: 21607: 21606:Kepel, Gilles 21604: 21599: 21595: 21592:(1): 84–101. 21591: 21587: 21583: 21578: 21574: 21570: 21566: 21560: 21556: 21552: 21548: 21544: 21538: 21534: 21533: 21528: 21524: 21520: 21514: 21510: 21505: 21503: 21499: 21495: 21491: 21488: 21484: 21480: 21476: 21470: 21466: 21465: 21459: 21455: 21449: 21445: 21440: 21436: 21430: 21426: 21421: 21417: 21411: 21407: 21406: 21400: 21396: 21392: 21388: 21382: 21378: 21377: 21371: 21367: 21361: 21357: 21352: 21348: 21342: 21338: 21333: 21329: 21325: 21321: 21315: 21311: 21310: 21304: 21300: 21294: 21290: 21285: 21281: 21275: 21271: 21270: 21264: 21260: 21256: 21252: 21246: 21242: 21238: 21237: 21232: 21231:Guillaume, A. 21228: 21224: 21223: 21212: 21206: 21201: 21200: 21193: 21189: 21183: 21178: 21177: 21170: 21166: 21160: 21157:. Macmillan. 21156: 21155: 21149: 21145: 21139: 21135: 21134: 21128: 21124: 21118: 21113: 21112: 21106: 21102: 21098: 21095: 21091: 21085: 21080: 21079: 21072: 21071: 21059: 21052: 21036: 21032: 21026: 21010: 21006: 21002: 20995: 20987: 20983: 20977: 20969: 20965: 20959: 20951: 20947: 20941: 20933: 20929: 20923: 20916: 20904: 20900: 20896: 20890: 20883: 20871: 20867: 20861: 20854: 20853: 20848: 20843: 20827: 20823: 20819: 20813: 20797: 20793: 20792: 20787: 20781: 20765: 20759: 20751: 20747: 20741: 20734: 20730: 20724: 20708: 20702: 20686: 20679: 20663: 20659: 20656: 20649: 20641: 20637: 20630: 20619: 20618: 20610: 20595: 20591: 20584: 20568: 20564: 20560: 20553: 20537: 20531: 20524: 20518: 20510: 20506: 20500: 20493: 20489: 20486: 20482: 20477: 20475: 20468: 20464: 20461: 20458: 20453: 20451: 20449: 20432: 20426: 20418: 20412: 20396: 20390: 20383: 20377: 20370: 20364: 20357: 20351: 20349: 20341: 20335: 20333: 20325: 20319: 20312: 20306: 20299: 20293: 20285: 20281: 20274: 20259:. 3 June 2013 20258: 20254: 20248: 20232: 20226: 20210: 20206: 20202: 20196: 20181: 20177: 20170: 20162: 20158: 20152: 20136: 20130: 20123: 20111: 20107: 20106: 20101: 20094: 20078: 20074: 20068: 20053: 20046: 20030: 20026: 20022: 20016: 20000: 19996: 19995: 19990: 19984: 19968: 19961: 19954: 19950: 19945: 19929: 19925: 19919: 19903: 19899: 19898: 19893: 19886: 19879: 19878: 19873: 19869: 19866: 19860: 19858: 19838: 19834: 19827: 19821: 19819: 19810: 19804: 19788: 19787: 19782: 19775: 19760:. 21 May 2008 19759: 19755: 19749: 19741: 19735: 19719: 19715: 19708: 19701: 19695: 19688: 19684: 19680: 19674: 19663: 19659: 19655: 19651: 19647: 19644:(3): 223–38. 19643: 19639: 19638: 19630: 19626: 19620: 19604: 19600: 19596: 19589: 19582: 19577: 19568: 19566: 19549: 19543: 19536: 19530: 19523: 19518: 19507: 19503: 19499: 19495: 19491: 19487: 19483: 19476: 19472: 19466: 19458: 19454: 19450: 19444: 19436: 19432: 19428: 19424: 19418: 19409: 19400: 19398: 19396: 19394: 19392: 19390: 19388: 19380: 19376: 19372: 19369: 19364: 19356: 19352: 19346: 19331: 19327: 19323: 19319: 19313: 19298: 19294: 19287: 19279: 19275: 19269: 19253: 19249: 19248: 19243: 19236: 19220: 19216: 19210: 19194: 19190: 19184: 19168: 19164: 19158: 19151: 19144: 19137: 19136: 19128: 19112: 19105: 19099: 19080: 19079: 19071: 19069: 19052: 19051: 19046: 19039: 19024: 19020: 19019: 19014: 19007: 18999: 18997:9788867058198 18993: 18986: 18985: 18977: 18975: 18973: 18971: 18969: 18967: 18965: 18949: 18945: 18939: 18923: 18919: 18913: 18896: 18891: 18887: 18881: 18874: 18869: 18860: 18855: 18851: 18847: 18840: 18824: 18820: 18814: 18798: 18794: 18788: 18780: 18776: 18770: 18754: 18750: 18744: 18728: 18724: 18718: 18702: 18701: 18696: 18689: 18673: 18669: 18665: 18658: 18656: 18640: 18636: 18629: 18627: 18610: 18606: 18600: 18584: 18580: 18574: 18565: 18560: 18556: 18552: 18545: 18543: 18526: 18522: 18516: 18514: 18497: 18494:. p. 5. 18493: 18489: 18482: 18480: 18472: 18460: 18456: 18449: 18442: 18429: 18425: 18419: 18403: 18399: 18395: 18389: 18373: 18369: 18363: 18348: 18344: 18337: 18321: 18315: 18299: 18295: 18288: 18281: 18270: 18266: 18260: 18245: 18241: 18237: 18233: 18226: 18207: 18203: 18196: 18195: 18187: 18172: 18168: 18161: 18159: 18157: 18140: 18136: 18135:at West Point 18134: 18129: 18122: 18120: 18118: 18101: 18097: 18091: 18075: 18071: 18067: 18060: 18041: 18037: 18031: 18027: 18020: 18019: 18012: 18010: 18008: 18006: 17986: 17982: 17976: 17972: 17965: 17964: 17957: 17955: 17938: 17937: 17932: 17926: 17919: 17915: 17909: 17905: 17904: 17896: 17888: 17887:The Economist 17884: 17878: 17870: 17864: 17860: 17859: 17852: 17844: 17840: 17834: 17832: 17815: 17808: 17802: 17800: 17784: 17780: 17773: 17758: 17757: 17752: 17745: 17729: 17725: 17719: 17717: 17708: 17704: 17698: 17690: 17686: 17679: 17664: 17660: 17656: 17652: 17646: 17627: 17621: 17619: 17602: 17596: 17580: 17576: 17570: 17554: 17550: 17546: 17540: 17524: 17520: 17513: 17497: 17493: 17487: 17479: 17473: 17457: 17450: 17434: 17430: 17426: 17420: 17412: 17406: 17398: 17394: 17388: 17381: 17376: 17368: 17364: 17357: 17350: 17345: 17337: 17333: 17329: 17322: 17306: 17302: 17298: 17294: 17288: 17272: 17268: 17262: 17254: 17248: 17240: 17236: 17229: 17221: 17217: 17210: 17208: 17199: 17195: 17188: 17180: 17176: 17170: 17154: 17150: 17143: 17127: 17126: 17121: 17115: 17108: 17104: 17103: 17097: 17081: 17075: 17059: 17055: 17054:The Telegraph 17051: 17044: 17028: 17022: 17015: 17011: 17008: 17003: 16987: 16983: 16977: 16961: 16957: 16953: 16947: 16931: 16927: 16923: 16917: 16909: 16903: 16899: 16898: 16890: 16874: 16870: 16864: 16848: 16844: 16838: 16822: 16818: 16812: 16810: 16793: 16789: 16783: 16781: 16779: 16762: 16756: 16740: 16736: 16730: 16728: 16719: 16717:9788867058198 16713: 16706: 16705: 16697: 16695: 16693: 16691: 16689: 16687: 16685: 16683: 16666: 16660: 16645: 16641: 16634: 16618: 16612: 16597: 16593: 16586: 16571:. 30 May 2016 16570: 16566: 16560: 16544: 16537: 16521: 16514: 16498: 16492: 16477: 16473: 16466: 16451: 16447: 16440: 16424: 16418: 16402: 16396: 16380: 16376: 16372: 16366: 16350: 16346: 16342: 16336: 16334: 16332: 16330: 16313: 16307: 16292: 16286: 16270: 16266: 16262: 16256: 16240: 16233: 16217: 16211: 16209: 16201: 16195: 16187: 16181: 16173: 16169: 16165: 16163:9789291986316 16159: 16155: 16148: 16133: 16129: 16125: 16119: 16103: 16096: 16086: 16070: 16066: 16062: 16055: 16039: 16035: 16031: 16024: 16009: 16005: 15998: 15996: 15980: 15976: 15969: 15953: 15946: 15930: 15923: 15908: 15904: 15897: 15881: 15877: 15873: 15869: 15863: 15847: 15840: 15824: 15820: 15816: 15809: 15793: 15789: 15785: 15778: 15763: 15759: 15752: 15750: 15733: 15726: 15710: 15703: 15688: 15684: 15677: 15662: 15657: 15649: 15641: 15635: 15631: 15624: 15616: 15612: 15605: 15586: 15579: 15573: 15565: 15559: 15544:. 17 May 2009 15543: 15539: 15533: 15517: 15511: 15495: 15491: 15485: 15469: 15468:National Post 15465: 15459: 15443: 15442: 15437: 15430: 15415:. 8 July 2013 15414: 15408: 15392: 15388: 15382: 15366: 15362: 15358: 15352: 15336: 15332: 15328: 15322: 15314: 15308: 15304: 15297: 15281: 15275: 15259: 15253: 15246: 15240: 15224: 15220: 15216: 15209: 15194: 15193: 15188: 15181: 15165: 15161: 15157: 15153: 15146: 15144: 15142: 15140: 15123: 15116: 15109: 15105: 15102: 15097: 15081: 15077: 15071: 15064: 15059: 15052: 15048: 15044: 15041: 15036: 15020: 15016: 15012: 15008: 15001: 14993: 14987: 14983: 14976: 14960: 14956: 14952: 14948: 14941: 14939: 14922: 14918: 14912: 14896: 14889: 14880: 14871: 14862: 14847: 14843: 14836: 14820: 14816: 14812: 14808: 14804: 14803:Byman, Daniel 14798: 14782: 14778: 14772: 14765: 14759: 14743: 14739: 14733: 14725: 14719: 14715: 14714:Penguin Group 14711: 14710: 14705: 14699: 14691: 14687: 14683: 14679: 14675: 14671: 14667: 14666: 14658: 14651: 14632: 14628: 14624: 14620: 14616: 14612: 14608: 14604: 14600: 14597:: 1534–1539. 14596: 14592: 14588: 14587: 14579: 14575: 14569: 14561: 14557: 14553: 14549: 14545: 14544: 14539: 14533: 14517: 14513: 14512: 14507: 14501: 14493: 14487: 14479: 14475: 14470: 14465: 14461: 14457: 14453: 14449: 14445: 14444: 14436: 14432: 14426: 14418: 14414: 14407: 14399: 14395: 14391: 14387: 14380: 14364: 14360: 14356: 14349: 14334: 14330: 14323: 14321: 14304: 14300: 14294: 14285: 14278: 14274: 14268: 14266: 14258: 14254: 14248: 14240: 14234: 14230: 14223: 14221: 14219: 14203: 14197: 14193: 14192: 14184: 14175: 14168: 14155: 14151: 14145: 14137: 14133: 14126: 14110: 14106: 14102: 14098: 14092: 14084: 14078: 14074: 14073: 14068: 14067:Walt, Stephen 14064: 14058: 14042: 14038: 14034: 14030: 14024: 14013: 13997: 13993: 13987: 13985: 13968: 13964: 13960: 13953: 13946: 13939: 13923: 13919: 13918: 13913: 13909: 13903: 13901: 13891: 13876: 13870: 13866: 13865: 13857: 13841: 13837: 13833: 13826: 13811: 13804: 13797: 13790: 13784: 13769: 13765: 13759: 13752: 13746: 13731: 13727: 13720: 13718: 13702: 13698: 13691: 13676: 13675: 13670: 13663: 13647: 13643: 13636: 13628: 13624: 13620: 13614: 13610: 13606: 13602: 13598: 13594: 13588: 13586: 13569: 13565: 13564: 13559: 13552: 13550: 13548: 13546: 13529: 13526: 13522: 13521: 13516: 13509: 13507: 13505: 13503: 13501: 13481: 13477: 13473: 13469: 13465: 13458: 13451: 13449: 13447: 13438: 13432: 13428: 13427: 13419: 13404: 13398: 13394: 13393: 13385: 13377: 13371: 13367: 13363: 13359: 13358: 13350: 13348: 13340: 13325: 13321: 13317: 13313: 13306: 13302: 13296: 13288: 13284: 13282:0-226-47693-6 13278: 13274: 13270: 13266: 13262: 13261: 13256: 13250: 13234: 13230: 13226: 13219: 13217: 13208: 13202: 13198: 13194: 13190: 13189: 13181: 13179: 13177: 13175: 13158: 13151: 13136: 13135: 13130: 13123: 13108: 13104: 13097: 13082: 13078: 13071: 13052: 13048: 13042: 13038: 13034: 13027: 13026: 13018: 13016: 13014: 13012: 13010: 13008: 13006: 12997: 12993: 12984: 12980: 12964: 12960: 12953: 12938: 12934: 12927: 12912: 12908: 12901: 12886: 12882: 12875: 12873: 12864: 12858: 12854: 12849: 12841: 12839: 12822: 12818: 12811: 12804: 12788: 12784: 12777: 12770: 12762: 12756: 12752: 12751: 12743: 12736: 12730: 12723: 12717: 12702: 12698: 12694: 12690: 12686: 12679: 12677: 12660: 12653: 12645: 12641: 12636: 12631: 12627: 12623: 12619: 12612: 12610: 12593: 12587: 12572: 12568: 12561: 12554: 12549: 12541: 12535: 12531: 12524: 12517: 12516: 12510: 12503: 12501: 12494: 12487: 12481: 12474: 12473: 12467: 12459: 12453: 12449: 12448: 12440: 12434:, 1985, p.181 12433: 12427: 12411: 12407: 12403: 12396: 12388: 12382: 12375: 12369: 12353: 12349: 12345: 12339: 12337: 12335: 12326: 12320: 12316: 12312: 12305: 12297: 12291: 12287: 12286: 12278: 12270: 12264: 12260: 12253: 12234: 12233: 12225: 12217: 12210: 12191: 12187: 12180: 12174: 12158: 12154: 12150: 12143: 12128: 12124: 12117: 12115: 12107: 12102: 12095: 12093: 12084: 12077: 12068: 12049: 12045: 12041: 12034: 12027: 12011: 12007: 12003: 11997: 11995: 11987: 11982: 11980:0-911119-42-6 11976: 11972: 11965: 11950: 11946: 11939: 11924: 11920: 11913: 11906: 11900: 11893: 11892:Looming Tower 11887: 11868: 11864: 11857: 11850: 11835: 11829: 11826:. iUniverse. 11825: 11824: 11816: 11800: 11796: 11795:The Telegraph 11791: 11783: 11768: 11762: 11759:. MSU Press. 11758: 11754: 11747: 11740: 11736: 11732: 11727: 11719: 11713: 11709: 11708: 11700: 11692: 11686: 11682: 11675: 11668: 11657: 11653: 11646: 11638: 11634: 11633:Rashid, Ahmed 11628: 11621: 11616: 11610: 11606: 11601: 11600: 11591: 11572: 11571: 11564: 11557: 11552: 11545: 11538: 11522: 11515: 11514: 11506: 11498: 11492: 11488: 11481: 11474: 11461: 11454: 11447: 11439: 11432: 11425: 11413: 11409: 11405: 11398: 11391: 11386: 11380: 11376: 11371: 11370: 11361: 11354: 11352: 11345: 11339: 11335: 11330: 11329: 11320: 11313: 11311: 11307: 11303: 11299: 11295: 11289: 11283: 11279: 11275: 11274: 11269: 11263: 11247: 11241: 11234: 11222: 11218: 11211: 11195: 11188: 11181: 11162: 11155: 11154: 11146: 11138: 11132: 11128: 11124: 11118: 11111: 11099: 11093: 11089: 11084: 11083: 11074: 11067: 11062: 11051: 11045: 11041: 11037: 11033: 11028: 11027: 11021: 11015: 11008: 11006: 11000: 10994: 10990: 10989: 10981: 10974: 10966: 10965: 10957: 10938: 10931: 10930: 10922: 10915: 10910: 10903: 10887: 10883: 10882: 10877: 10871: 10863: 10859: 10853: 10845: 10839: 10835: 10834: 10826: 10818: 10812: 10808: 10807: 10802: 10801:Charles Allen 10796: 10788: 10782: 10778: 10777: 10769: 10762: 10756: 10749: 10746:Cook, David, 10743: 10741: 10733: 10729: 10723: 10721: 10713: 10707: 10700: 10697:Sayyid Qutb, 10694: 10687: 10684:Sayyid Qutb, 10681: 10674: 10671:Sayyid Qutb, 10668: 10666: 10658: 10652: 10650: 10648: 10640: 10634: 10627: 10621: 10614: 10608: 10601: 10595: 10588: 10582: 10575: 10569: 10562: 10556: 10549: 10543: 10536: 10530: 10523: 10517: 10510: 10505: 10489: 10488: 10480: 10465: 10459: 10455: 10454: 10446: 10439: 10433: 10427:, 2002, p. 32 10426: 10420: 10418: 10409: 10405: 10398: 10389: 10382: 10376: 10360: 10356: 10352: 10346: 10342: 10338: 10334: 10330: 10326: 10325: 10317: 10309: 10303: 10295: 10294: 10293:World Affairs 10289: 10282: 10280: 10264: 10260: 10253: 10251: 10249: 10239: 10234: 10230: 10226: 10222: 10215: 10200: 10196: 10192: 10188: 10181: 10179: 10177: 10175: 10173: 10171: 10162: 10158: 10152: 10144: 10138: 10122: 10118: 10111: 10109: 10101: 10100:Policy Review 10095: 10080: 10076: 10069: 10054: 10050: 10046: 10042: 10036: 10029: 10017: 10013: 10007: 9999: 9993: 9989: 9982: 9967: 9960: 9953: 9951: 9935: 9934:The Intercept 9931: 9924: 9908: 9904: 9900: 9899:New Statesman 9896: 9889: 9887: 9878: 9874: 9870: 9869: 9864: 9857: 9855: 9853: 9851: 9849: 9833: 9829: 9822: 9806: 9802: 9796: 9780: 9776: 9770: 9754: 9750: 9744: 9725: 9724: 9716: 9708: 9707: 9702: 9696: 9688: 9682: 9674: 9667: 9661: 9653: 9647: 9639: 9635: 9631: 9627: 9623: 9619: 9615: 9611: 9608:(1/2): 1–22. 9607: 9603: 9599: 9592: 9584: 9577: 9575: 9573: 9571: 9569: 9560: 9556: 9549: 9541: 9537: 9530: 9522: 9516: 9512: 9505: 9503: 9494: 9488: 9484: 9477: 9462: 9455: 9449: 9433: 9426: 9410: 9406: 9400: 9384: 9378: 9363: 9359: 9352: 9337: 9333: 9326: 9324: 9315: 9308: 9300: 9293: 9285: 9281: 9277: 9273: 9269: 9265: 9261: 9257: 9250: 9235: 9231: 9224: 9216: 9212: 9208: 9202: 9198: 9191: 9175: 9172: 9168: 9167: 9162: 9158: 9152: 9150: 9141: 9137: 9133: 9127: 9122: 9117: 9113: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9086: 9084: 9082: 9065: 9061: 9054: 9047: 9045: 9043: 9034: 9028: 9024: 9020: 9013: 9011: 9002: 8998: 8994: 8987: 8985: 8983: 8981: 8965: 8961: 8954: 8938: 8934: 8930: 8924: 8908: 8904: 8898: 8896: 8880: 8876: 8869: 8854: 8850: 8844: 8825: 8818: 8817: 8810: 8794: 8787: 8781: 8773: 8767: 8752: 8748: 8742: 8734: 8730: 8726: 8722: 8715: 8696: 8692: 8688: 8687: 8679: 8673: 8665: 8659: 8643: 8639: 8635: 8629: 8621: 8617: 8613: 8607: 8603: 8599: 8595: 8591: 8587: 8583: 8579: 8572: 8570: 8568: 8566: 8557: 8553: 8549: 8545: 8538: 8527: 8521: 8517: 8513: 8509: 8505: 8501: 8497: 8493: 8489: 8483: 8479: 8466: 8460: 8450: 8443: 8439: 8435: 8429: 8422: 8418: 8412: 8405: 8401: 8395: 8388: 8383: 8375: 8369: 8360: 8353: 8349: 8345: 8341: 8337: 8333: 8327: 8317: 8310: 8304: 8300: 8285: 8282: 8280: 8277: 8275: 8272: 8270: 8267: 8265: 8262: 8260: 8257: 8255: 8254:Religious war 8252: 8250: 8247: 8245: 8242: 8240: 8237: 8235: 8232: 8230: 8227: 8225: 8222: 8220: 8217: 8215: 8212: 8210: 8207: 8205: 8202: 8200: 8197: 8195: 8192: 8190: 8187: 8185: 8182: 8180: 8177: 8175: 8172: 8171: 8167: 8156: 8145: 8142: 8139: 8136: 8133: 8130: 8127: 8124: 8121: 8118: 8115: 8112: 8110:, Philippines 8109: 8106: 8104:, Philippines 8103: 8100: 8097: 8094: 8091: 8088: 8085: 8082: 8079: 8076: 8073: 8070: 8067: 8064: 8062: 8058: 8055: 8052: 8049: 8047: 8043: 8040: 8038: 8034: 8031: 8028: 8025: 8022: 8019: 8016: 8013: 8010: 8007: 8005: 8001: 7998: 7995: 7992: 7989: 7986: 7983: 7980: 7978:(ETIM), China 7977: 7974: 7971: 7968: 7965: 7962: 7959: 7956: 7953: 7950: 7947: 7944: 7941: 7938: 7935: 7932: 7929: 7928:Al-Muhajiroun 7926: 7923: 7920: 7918: 7914: 7910: 7907: 7905:, Philippines 7904: 7901: 7900: 7896:Organizations 7893: 7891: 7887: 7883: 7878: 7871:Transnational 7868: 7866: 7862: 7858: 7853: 7851: 7847: 7843: 7839: 7835: 7831: 7827: 7822: 7820: 7816: 7812: 7800:South America 7795: 7792: 7791: 7783: 7780: 7778: 7775: 7773: 7770: 7768: 7765: 7763: 7760: 7759: 7748: 7746: 7745:Islamic State 7742: 7737: 7734: 7730: 7726: 7725:War on Terror 7722: 7719:, during the 7718: 7714: 7710: 7704: 7700: 7694: 7686: 7682: 7678: 7674: 7668:United States 7665: 7663: 7659: 7655: 7649: 7637:North America 7633: 7622: 7611: 7601: 7599: 7595: 7591: 7587: 7583: 7579: 7576: 7572: 7571:Nahr al-Bared 7568: 7564: 7562: 7558: 7554: 7550: 7545: 7541: 7537: 7533: 7529: 7524: 7519: 7514: 7512: 7511:Lebanese Army 7508: 7504: 7500: 7496: 7495:Fouad Siniora 7492: 7488: 7484: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7459: 7457: 7453: 7449: 7445: 7441: 7437: 7426: 7423: 7415: 7405: 7401: 7397: 7391: 7388:This section 7386: 7377: 7376: 7368: 7366: 7362: 7358: 7354: 7350: 7349:Army of Islam 7346: 7341: 7338: 7333: 7329: 7325: 7321: 7317: 7314: 7310: 7306: 7302: 7298: 7294: 7290: 7286: 7282: 7278: 7274: 7270: 7266: 7261: 7251: 7249: 7245: 7239: 7229: 7227: 7223: 7219: 7215: 7213: 7208: 7204: 7200: 7196: 7192: 7188: 7184: 7180: 7176: 7172: 7168: 7165: 7158: 7142: 7132: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7113:asylum seeker 7109: 7107: 7103: 7099: 7089: 7087: 7083: 7079: 7074: 7072: 7068: 7067:Islamic State 7064: 7063:Mehmet Kaplan 7060: 7056: 7052: 7048: 7044: 7040: 7036: 7032: 7031:Islamic State 7028: 7024: 7021:In 2010, the 7019: 7017: 7012: 7010: 7006: 7002: 6998: 6997:Islamic State 6994: 6990: 6986: 6982: 6978: 6972: 6968: 6962: 6952: 6950: 6946: 6942: 6937: 6935: 6930: 6928: 6924: 6920: 6916: 6910: 6908: 6904: 6900: 6896: 6892: 6886: 6884: 6880: 6875: 6873: 6869: 6865: 6859: 6855: 6845: 6843: 6839: 6834: 6830: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6805: 6803: 6799: 6795: 6791: 6787: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6770: 6763:victim photos 6762: 6761:Beslan school 6758: 6749: 6747: 6737: 6735: 6722: 6721: 6717: 6714: 6713:Geert Wilders 6710: 6706: 6702: 6698: 6694: 6690: 6689: 6685: 6682: 6678: 6674: 6670: 6669: 6665: 6664: 6658: 6654: 6650: 6640: 6638: 6634: 6630: 6626: 6622: 6618: 6614: 6608: 6607:in May 2017. 6606: 6602: 6597: 6590: 6580: 6578: 6574: 6564: 6562: 6558: 6557:Laurent Nuñez 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6535: 6532: 6529: 6528: 6523: 6522: 6521: 6517: 6515: 6511: 6506: 6503: 6501: 6500: 6494: 6492: 6488: 6482: 6478: 6474: 6464: 6462: 6458: 6454: 6450: 6445: 6443: 6439: 6435: 6434:asylum seeker 6431: 6426: 6424: 6420: 6416: 6410: 6400: 6398: 6397:Islamic State 6393: 6391: 6386: 6382: 6378: 6373: 6371: 6366: 6364: 6360: 6355: 6353: 6349: 6344: 6342: 6338: 6334: 6329: 6327: 6323: 6317: 6313: 6309: 6297: 6294: 6293: 6287: 6284: 6281: 6277: 6274:According to 6272: 6265: 6262: 6258: 6255: 6251: 6247: 6243: 6242: 6241: 6239: 6236:According to 6234: 6231: 6229: 6224: 6220: 6215: 6212: 6210: 6206: 6201: 6196: 6192: 6190: 6186: 6182: 6179:, claimed by 6178: 6174: 6170: 6169: 6168:Charlie Hebdo 6164: 6160: 6158: 6157:Charlie Hebdo 6153: 6149: 6131: 6130:MediaWiki.org 6127: 6122: 6113: 6112: 6104: 6098: 6094: 6084: 6082: 6076: 6066: 6064: 6060: 6056: 6052: 6048: 6044: 6040: 6036: 6032: 6028: 6024: 6020: 6019:Islamic state 6016: 6012: 6008: 6004: 6000: 5999: 5994: 5991: 5987: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5971: 5967: 5961: 5950: 5935: 5933: 5932:its civil war 5929: 5925: 5914: 5904: 5902: 5898: 5894: 5892: 5888: 5883: 5881: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5865: 5860: 5856: 5852: 5848: 5844: 5840: 5836: 5832: 5828: 5823: 5819: 5809: 5807: 5803: 5799: 5791: 5787: 5783: 5781: 5777: 5773: 5769: 5764: 5762: 5758: 5754: 5748: 5731: 5728: 5726: 5723: 5721: 5718: 5716: 5713: 5711: 5708: 5706: 5703: 5701: 5698: 5697: 5695: 5680: 5677: 5674: 5672: 5668: 5666: 5663:, though the 5662: 5658: 5654: 5649: 5647: 5646:Islam Karimov 5641: 5631: 5629: 5619: 5617: 5613: 5609: 5605: 5596: 5593: 5589: 5585: 5582:According to 5567: 5563: 5560: 5557: 5553: 5549: 5545: 5542: 5541: 5535: 5533: 5528: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5509: 5507: 5503: 5499: 5495: 5491: 5479: 5476: 5475: 5467: 5464: 5463: 5461: 5451: 5448: 5446: 5441: 5439: 5435: 5426: 5424: 5419: 5417: 5412: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5390: 5388: 5384: 5380: 5370: 5368: 5364: 5360: 5356: 5351: 5349: 5340: 5337: 5332: 5329: 5327: 5323: 5319: 5314: 5312: 5308: 5302: 5298: 5294: 5284: 5282: 5281:Islamic State 5278: 5273: 5271: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5248: 5238: 5236: 5230: 5228: 5223: 5221: 5216: 5214: 5210: 5205: 5203: 5198: 5196: 5192: 5188: 5184: 5178: 5168: 5166: 5165:Islamic state 5162: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5147: 5142: 5138: 5128: 5126: 5121: 5119: 5115: 5110: 5108: 5104: 5101:In an August 5099: 5097: 5093: 5083: 5081: 5077: 5073: 5069: 5063: 5053: 5051: 5047: 5043: 5038: 5028: 5022: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5002: 4992: 4987: 4977: 4975: 4971: 4970: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4948: 4940: 4937: 4936: 4930: 4928: 4924: 4923:David Cameron 4920: 4916: 4912: 4908: 4904: 4900: 4896: 4892: 4888: 4884: 4880: 4879: 4874: 4873:Yochi Dreazen 4871:According to 4869: 4867: 4863: 4860: 4859: 4855:published in 4854: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4830: 4828: 4824: 4820: 4816: 4812: 4810: 4800: 4797: 4793: 4783: 4781: 4777: 4773: 4769: 4765: 4761: 4754: 4753: 4752: 4750: 4749:Army of Islam 4746: 4742: 4738: 4734: 4730: 4726: 4722: 4715: 4711: 4705: 4695: 4693: 4689: 4679: 4676: 4671: 4660: 4650: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4635: 4633: 4629: 4628: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4610: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4597: 4593: 4589: 4586: 4582: 4580: 4576: 4566: 4564: 4560: 4556: 4555:Fred Halliday 4550: 4540: 4538: 4534: 4526: 4525: 4524: 4521: 4517: 4513: 4509: 4504: 4502: 4498: 4494: 4490: 4485: 4483: 4474: 4473: 4472: 4470: 4466: 4463:. Similarly, 4462: 4458: 4454: 4453: 4447: 4445: 4441: 4437: 4433: 4429: 4425: 4421: 4420: 4414: 4412: 4408: 4404: 4400: 4399:Michael Sells 4395: 4393: 4389: 4385: 4381: 4377: 4371: 4368: 4362: 4361: 4360: 4354: 4353: 4352: 4350: 4345: 4343: 4339: 4333: 4328: 4327:Lewis noted, 4326: 4322: 4318: 4314: 4313:Bernard Lewis 4310: 4306: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4280: 4274: 4272: 4267: 4262: 4260: 4256: 4252: 4245: 4243: 4240:in Spain, or 4239: 4235: 4230: 4224: 4222: 4218: 4209: 4206: 4205: 4204: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4181: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4170:kin selection 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4150: 4145: 4144:Steven Pinker 4141: 4137: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4120: 4118: 4114: 4110: 4106: 4102: 4098: 4094: 4093:rates of rape 4090: 4086: 4082: 4078: 4077:U.S. military 4074: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4057: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4037: 4033: 4028: 4026: 4022: 4018: 4014: 4010: 3997: 3994: 3993: 3992: 3990: 3974: 3971: 3965: 3963: 3959: 3953: 3949: 3945: 3939: 3937: 3933: 3929: 3927: 3923: 3919: 3915: 3911: 3910:police states 3907: 3903: 3899: 3894: 3890: 3886: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3869: 3867: 3866: 3861: 3856: 3853: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3840:Martin Kramer 3836: 3832: 3831:War on Terror 3828: 3824: 3820: 3816: 3805: 3801: 3797: 3795: 3788: 3783: 3779: 3772: 3767: 3758: 3756: 3752: 3746: 3743: 3739: 3732: 3730: 3729: 3724: 3717: 3716: 3711: 3707: 3703: 3699: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3683: 3681: 3677: 3672: 3668: 3664: 3660: 3655: 3653: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3633: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3615: 3611: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3594: 3592: 3588: 3587: 3582: 3578: 3570: 3566: 3565: 3560: 3556: 3555: 3550: 3549: 3544: 3539: 3533: 3530: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3513: 3508: 3504: 3497: 3494: 3493: 3492: 3488: 3486: 3480: 3479:(see above). 3478: 3477:Ibn Taymiyyah 3474: 3470: 3462: 3461: 3460: 3458: 3454: 3450: 3449: 3444: 3440: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3427:Bernard Lewis 3424: 3419: 3409: 3407: 3401: 3396: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3382: 3378: 3372: 3362: 3360: 3356: 3350: 3347: 3343: 3339: 3333: 3331: 3325: 3320: 3319: 3315: 3310: 3308: 3303: 3301: 3297: 3293: 3288: 3286: 3282: 3278: 3274: 3269: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3246: 3241: 3240: 3234: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3220: 3216: 3212: 3208: 3203: 3201: 3196: 3194: 3190: 3186: 3185: 3180: 3179: 3174: 3169: 3160: 3158: 3154: 3149: 3147: 3143: 3139: 3135: 3131: 3125: 3120: 3118: 3113: 3111: 3103: 3101: 3100: 3095: 3089: 3087: 3083: 3082:homosexuality 3079: 3075: 3071: 3067: 3057: 3055: 3050: 3047: 3042: 3039: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3010: 3007: 3003: 2999: 2995: 2991: 2990: 2983: 2978: 2976: 2975:Ibn Taymiyyah 2963: 2960: 2956: 2953: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2938: 2937: 2936: 2930: 2929: 2927: 2925: 2921: 2917: 2913: 2909: 2905: 2902: 2898: 2892: 2890: 2884: 2880: 2878: 2874: 2870: 2869: 2864: 2860: 2859: 2854: 2850: 2846: 2840: 2830: 2824: 2820: 2817: 2814: 2812:(disbelief)"; 2811: 2807: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2800: 2790: 2786: 2784: 2783:Ibn Taymiyyah 2779: 2775: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2762: 2754: 2753:Islamic State 2750: 2746: 2742: 2739: 2735: 2734:Muslim saints 2731: 2727: 2723: 2721: 2716: 2711: 2710: 2709: 2706: 2702: 2699: 2696:Sponsored by 2694: 2692: 2682: 2680: 2679:Ibn Taymiyyah 2676: 2672: 2668: 2664: 2659: 2657: 2656: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2635: 2631: 2628: 2625: 2621: 2617: 2614: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2601: 2598: 2595: 2592: 2589: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2574: 2573: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2550: 2545: 2542:theoretician 2541: 2531: 2529: 2525: 2521: 2517: 2513: 2508: 2506: 2502: 2498: 2494: 2490: 2486: 2482: 2478: 2474: 2470: 2466: 2462: 2458: 2454: 2450: 2446: 2442: 2441:denominations 2432: 2430: 2426: 2416: 2413: 2412: 2411: 2408: 2404: 2402: 2398: 2394: 2390: 2386: 2382: 2378: 2374: 2367: 2362: 2360: 2354: 2350: 2348: 2347:Judgement day 2344: 2340: 2335: 2332: 2331: 2325: 2323: 2319: 2315: 2306: 2304: 2300: 2296: 2292: 2286: 2276: 2267: 2265: 2264: 2253: 2251: 2247: 2243: 2239: 2235: 2225: 2223: 2219: 2218:Bruce Hoffman 2216:According to 2214: 2212: 2208: 2207:Wahhabization 2204: 2200: 2196: 2192: 2188: 2187:Iran-Iraq 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London. 13408:13 October 13333:26 October 13271:. p. 13239:1 November 13112:3 December 12916:2 December 12890:2 December 12823:(2): 85–90 12199:2 February 12057:14 January 12040:Parameters 11971:Milestones 11530:31 October 11466:31 October 11038:. p. 10892:13 January 10699:Milestones 10686:Milestones 10673:Milestones 10639:Milestones 10628:, p.7, 139 10626:Milestones 10613:Milestones 10600:Milestones 10587:Milestones 10574:Milestones 10561:Milestones 10548:Milestones 10535:Milestones 10522:Milestones 10127:6 November 9913:13 January 9901:. London: 9868:Parameters 9180:30 October 9066:(2): 85–90 9021:. London: 8913:31 January 8833:13 January 8756:31 October 8725:Roser, Max 8704:13 January 8620:2019042378 8400:Milestones 8290:References 8264:Afzal Guru 8098:, Pakistan 8080:, Pakistan 8046:Uzbekistan 8004:Bangladesh 7964:Boko Haram 7940:Al-Shabaab 7913:Gaza Strip 7903:Abu Sayyaf 7731:considers 7697:See also: 7646:See also: 7400:relocating 7155:See also: 7121:Uzbekistan 7073:campaign. 7001:Al-Shabaab 6965:See also: 6939:The 2023, 6842:mushrikeen 6817:Ingushetia 6637:Pakistanis 6587:See also: 6471:See also: 6306:See also: 6101:See also: 6041:, and the 5958:See also: 5816:See also: 5745:See also: 5741:Bangladesh 5736:South Asia 5638:See also: 5634:Uzbekistan 5622:Tajikistan 5599:Kyrgyzstan 5548:Al-Shabaab 5434:Al-Shabaab 5404:Boko Haram 5397:See also: 5373:Mozambique 5291:See also: 5270:Port Louis 5005:See also: 4991:scrutiny. 4903:GlobalPost 4866:Boko Haram 4819:Boko Haram 4792:Abu Sayyaf 4780:kidnapping 4764:Boko Haram 4708:See also: 4682:Hijackings 4668:See also: 4428:Reza Aslan 4234:expatriate 4146:argues in 3952:Waziristan 3936:Sam Harris 3918:East Timor 3690:ideologues 3636:Caliph Ali 3389:Al-Baqarah 3369:See also: 3346:concubines 3200:Jahiliyyah 3078:immorality 2949:Al-Aqsa TV 2920:pilgrimage 2730:veneration 2726:Shia Islam 2549:Milestones 2487:-jihadist 2469:Boko Haram 2299:Ibn Warraq 2283:See also: 2105:The Revolt 2069:Arab world 2010:Kharijites 2004:movement, 2002:Kadizadeli 1994:Kharijites 1990:Ibn Warraq 1926:Imran Khan 1918:Tony Blair 1812:Boko Haram 1567:In Judaism 1335:Monotheism 987:Boko Haram 962:Al-Shabaab 818:Mujahideen 635:Uzbekistan 620:Kazakhstan 486:Kidnapping 481:Insurgency 429:Improvised 256:Misogynist 54:condensing 26638:Sponsored 26628:Sponsored 26618:Sri Lanka 26599:Sponsored 26591:Palestine 26584:Sponsored 26580:Pakistan 26574:Sponsored 26564:Sponsored 26554:Sponsored 26544:Sponsored 26494:Incidents 26437:Lone wolf 26427:Financing 26303:Christian 26299:Religious 26262:Left-wing 26252:Communist 26188:Terrorism 26116:Sexuality 26045:Criticism 26024:Movements 25849:In Odisha 25780:Christian 25775:Terrorism 25758:Mormonism 25705:Rastafari 25673:Mormonism 25568:Ahmadiyya 25451:Yazdânism 25409:Wahhabism 24918:Operation 24910:Conflicts 24576:Islam in 24546:Criticism 24508:by region 24091:Movements 23956:Al-Albani 23897:Al Asalah 23889:Political 23879:Wahhabism 23850:Movements 23805:Malcolm X 23527:Hezbollah 23426:Movements 23176:Symbolism 23134:Incidents 23112:Criticism 23009:Mormonism 22911:Astrology 22837:Cosmology 22832:Astronomy 22774:Arabesque 22641:Etiquette 22600:Blasphemy 22390:Economics 22205:Ahmadiyya 22139:Mu'tazili 22127:Ash'arism 21757:876802597 21724:990505503 21598:1582-6511 21573:150386218 21483:248903444 21395:695930410 21328:900607541 21259:911693736 21115:. 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Forward 14690:154382700 14554:: 48–53. 14552:MIT Press 14511:USA Today 14369:26 August 13880:31 August 13846:31 August 13815:31 August 13735:31 August 13706:31 August 13680:31 August 13652:31 August 13627:994829038 13595:(2018) . 13316:Baltimore 13163:12 August 12827:12 August 12793:12 August 12644:219460446 12504:: p.272-3 12344:"Takfiri" 12242:6 January 11954:26 August 11928:17 August 11418:21 August 11226:17 August 10524:, p.89, 9 10199:1837-0497 10053:0174-4909 9939:12 August 9733:12 August 9638:157470830 9622:0974-9284 9438:11 August 9367:12 August 9284:143513477 9276:0017-257X 9239:11 August 9140:1874-6691 9070:12 August 8969:7 January 8943:7 January 8909:. UNC.edu 8884:7 January 8648:7 January 8475:Citations 8421:Dore Gold 8417:King Fahd 8332:Hezbollah 8078:Jundallah 8017:, Lebanon 8015:Hezbollah 7966:, Nigeria 7942:, Somalia 7917:West Bank 7846:Hezbollah 7805:Argentina 7756:Australia 7590:jihadists 7544:terrorist 7479:Christian 7326:capital, 7313:Palestine 7041:director 6981:Hezbollah 6254:Barcelona 6015:extortion 5990:Christian 5943:Indonesia 5918:Sri Lanka 5683:East Asia 5409:Lake Chad 5363:La Rambla 5252:Mauritius 4901:, CEO of 4675:Hezbollah 4604:, former 4602:Ali Gomaa 4452:The Times 4426:academic 4238:Moroccans 4211:radicals. 4154:West Bank 4113:martyrdom 4025:alienated 3926:Palestine 3844:Hezbollah 3838:However, 3648:Martyrdom 3614:fard 'ayn 3521:caliphate 3393:Surah 9:5 3385:At-Taubah 3207:Wahhabist 2849:Istishhad 2839:Istishhad 2655:jahiliyah 2590:in peace. 2562:U.S. Army 2505:Wahhabism 2481:Wahhabism 2418:radicals. 2179:jihadists 2139:Hezbollah 2103:The book 2098:Ba'athist 2094:Nasserist 1998:Barbahari 1889:over all 1883:martyrdom 1871:Caliphate 1824:terrorism 1785:Islamists 1696:Sexuality 1641:Mormonism 1592:In Odisha 1525:Christian 1520:Terrorism 1503:Mormonism 1360:Yazdânism 1318:Wahhabism 903:Wahhabism 838:Inghimasi 823:Istishhad 710:Venezuela 591:Adherents 491:Lone wolf 404:Beheading 353:Lone wolf 313:Financing 306:Structure 191:Christian 176:Religious 146:Communist 141:Anarchist 116:Incidents 96:Terrorism 62:talk page 50:splitting 48:Consider 26094:In Islam 26089:Apostasy 25861:Pakistan 25819:In Islam 25748:Buddhism 25622:Hinduism 25583:Buddhism 25540:Muhammad 25399:Islamism 25382:Hinduism 25340:Catholic 25330:Buddhism 25259:Category 25179:Islamism 25119:Cold War 25044:Policies 24996:Iraq War 24828:al-Qaeda 24821:Factions 24744:Ethiopia 24719:Pakistan 24651:Iraq War 24176:al-Qaeda 24070:Ideology 24059:Jihadism 23907:Al-Islah 23587:Al Wefaq 23487:in Syria 23482:in Egypt 23440:Deobandi 23314:Concepts 23293:Salafism 23276:Islamism 23256:Islamism 23214:Category 23107:Islamism 23090:Muhammad 23046:Apostasy 23021:Hinduism 22921:Feminism 22852:Medicine 22692:Military 22646:Gambling 22595:Apostasy 22590:Criminal 22502:Marriage 22471:Tayammum 22423:Murabaha 22296:Madrasas 22286:Holidays 22276:Clothing 22271:Children 22266:Calendar 22217:Quranism 22171:Alawites 22135:Atharism 22026:Rashidun 21865:In Islam 21860:Muhammad 21704:(2017). 21680:(1995). 21652:(2011). 21553:(2007). 21529:(2007). 21107:(2005). 21041:4 August 21035:BBC News 21015:4 August 20826:Archived 20822:BBC News 20691:3 August 20640:The Hill 20488:Archived 20463:Archived 20437:5 August 20411:cite web 20401:25 April 20209:Archived 19953:BBC News 19868:Archived 19803:cite web 19758:BBC News 19734:cite web 19698:p. 122, 19689:. p. 74. 19554:25 April 19533:p. 154, 19473:(2006). 19371:Archived 19252:Archived 19028:10 April 18803:20 March 18753:BBC News 18496:Archived 18465:23 April 18428:Le Monde 18300:Sentinel 18274:10 March 18249:10 March 17756:Politico 17607:25 April 17585:25 April 17579:BBC News 17529:5 August 17472:cite web 17405:cite web 17311:4 August 17277:4 August 17271:BBC News 17220:Archived 17132:3 August 17086:19 March 17064:18 March 17033:19 March 17010:Archived 16992:19 March 16936:18 March 16873:BBC News 16827:18 March 16792:BBC News 16671:27 March 16649:15 March 16619:. 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