930:, a Hindu fundamentalist group. In November 2008, it was reported that the Maharashtra Anti-Terrorism Squad suspected the attacks were linked to Prasad Shrikant Purohit, an Indian army officer and member of Abhinav Bharat. Purohit himself claimed that he had "infiltrated" the Abhinav Bharat. During an army's Court of Inquiry, 59 witnesses stated to the court, along with officers who testified that Purohit was tasked with gathering intelligence inputs by infiltrating extremist organisations. On 8 January 2011,
2116:
One by one, 59 witnesses, all from the Army, have told a Court of
Inquiry — step one of Army's legal process- why they believe Lieutenant Colonel Prasad Purohit was just doing his job by fraternising with right-wing extremists. ..Officers have testified that Lieutenant Colonel Purohit had, in
2316:
In return for
Qasmani's support, Al-Qaida provided him with operatives to support the July 2006 train bombing in Mumbai, India, and the February 2007 Samjota Express bombing in Panipat, India. Qasmani also facilitated the movement of Al-Qaida personnel out of Afghanistan in 2001", states the UN's
825:
While the perpetrators have consistently justified these acts by their Hindu faith, some writers prefer to use the term "Hindutva terrorism". Writer and activist
Subhash Ghatade asserts that "most critics" have avoided describing the term as "Hindu terrorism" and instead talked about "Hindutva
881:, and gained popularity in the aftermath of the 2007–2008 attacks which targeted Pakistanis and Muslims and were reportedly instigated by people affiliated with Hindu nationalist organisations like Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Abhinav Bharat. The term comes from the symbolic use of the
1066:(NCP) controlled the relevant ministry. NIA, National Investigation Agency, has found no evidence against Sadhvi Pragya Singh Thakur and it has recommended the court to drop all charges against her. following which Bombay High Court granted bail to Pragya Thakur on 22 April 2017.
856:
had created a standing focus group with the narrowly limited mandate of looking into terror funding "for
Islamist & Sikh Terrorism" only, despite the existence of multiple historical terrorism cases for which individuals linked to Hindu nationalist groups, such as
954:
On 20 March 2019, Special NIA court acquitted all four accused."The NIA Special Court has concluded that the investigating agency has failed to prove the conspiracy charge and ruled that accused deserve a benefit of doubt", NIA Counsel RK Handa said. .
1069:
The Army officer Prasad
Shrikant Purohit was also accused of being involved in the blast. His counsel alleged that he was being falsely framed for political reasons because he has intelligence data of a sensitive nature pertaining to the operations of
1011:
court in Jaipur found guilty three accused, Bhavesh Patel, Devendra Gupta, and Sunil Joshi (who was murdered in 2007).</ref> Both Patel and Gupta were awarded life imprisonments and imposed a fine of Rs 5,000 and Rs 10,000 respectively.
951:(LeT) was responsible for the bombings. The United States and subsequently the United Nations Security Council added Arif Qasmani, a Pakistani national and LeT financier, to their sanction lists, stating that he had facilitated the bombings.
993:(RSS) and its groups. On 22 October 2010, five accused perpetrators, of which four said to belong to the RSS, were arrested in connection with the blast. Swami Aseemanand, in his confession, implicated the then General Secretary
1231:
Material seized during house arrests has shown that the Hindu militants who were responsible for this attack were all members of a new group, Abhinav Bharat, which resorted to violent action to resist the
Islamists by emulating
837:(BJP) and the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh is that Hindu terrorism does not exist, because "Terrorism and Hindus are an oxymoron and can never be related to each other". According to the journalist and BJP leader
2427:
2025:
841:, the term "Hindu terror" was invented and used by the Congress party in the aftermath of the 2007–2008 incidents in order to denounce the party's political opposition as terrorists. In the 2018 book
2933:
2159:
2192:
1993:
2640:
2533:
2610:
2555:
2900:
903:
urged
Indians to beware of "saffron terror" during an August 2010 meeting of state police chiefs in New Delhi; his remark met with backlash from politicians and Hindu religious figures.
2129:
2117:
the course of his duties, infiltrated organisations like the
Students Islamic Movement of India or SIMI. This is exactly what he had been ordered to do as a military intelligence man.
1629:
1153:
said that at least 10 people having close links with the
Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and its affiliated organisations were named accused in various acts of terror across India.
2287:
Qasmani has worked with LeT to facilitate terrorist attacks, including the July 2006 train bombing in Mumbai, India, and the
February 2007 Samjota Express bombing in Panipat, India.
1960:
1081:
Reportedly, the terms "Hindu terror" and "saffron terror" were used to describe this event in mainstream Indian media. In an analysis of the security situation during this period,
2330:
1176:(IB) reportedly informed the state police chiefs that Hindutva activists have either been suspected or are under investigation in 16 incidents of bomb blasts in the country.
2781:
2730:
2437:
1139:. Tehelka also released alleged audio tape transcripts of main conspirators of Abhinav Bharat, which indicated involvement of Military intelligence officers with the
147:
2033:
2763:
1875:
557:
3041:
2943:
2169:
2910:
2874:
2202:
896:
have said that investigators of the attacks were using the term "saffron terror" in their statements to the media to promote the agenda of the Congress.
1826:
1424:
1369:
3011:
2003:
2650:
2541:
1785:
1741:
2744:
1568:
2618:
2704:
1538:
2852:
2459:
1840:
1647:
1075:
2966:
1594:
997:
for ordering the terrorist strike. Bhavesh Patel, another accused in the bombings, has corroborated these statements but later claimed that the
1933:
516:
2569:
2137:
1669:
3781:
1804:
1907:
1727:
2103:
1458:
2672:
3285:
3066:
2826:
2250:
1970:
1054:, came out in support of the accused saying that the arrests were merely political in nature. Lending credence to this, the party chief,
642:
2276:
1046:, Shiv Narayan Gopal Singh Kalsanghra and Shyam Bhawarlal Sahu. All three were produced before the Chief Judicial Magistrate's court in
221:
2340:
1168:, at a luncheon hosted by Prime Minister of India at his residence in July 2009, that the RSS was a "bigger threat" to India than the
2394:
2300:
1025:
944:(RSS), confessed that he was involved in the bombing of Samjhauta Express, a statement he later claimed to have made under duress.
2989:
2501:
926:
around midnight on 18 February 2007. Sixty-eight people were killed in the ensuing fire and dozens were injured. It was linked to
3786:
647:
3252:
2473:
1478:
637:
2354:
675:
612:
178:
3208:
2515:
2078:
1172:. At The Annual Conference of Director Generals of Police held in New Delhi on 16 September 2011, a special director of the
3791:
602:
597:
479:
1607:
756:
The phenomenon became a topic of contentious political discourse in the aftermath of the 2007–2008 attacks which targeted
2376:
1129:
713:
617:
607:
511:
2799:
3539:
1071:
592:
2412:
3186:
3157:
1885:
1767:
849:(UPA) government had forced Home Ministry officials to manufacture a narrative about the presence of "Hindu terror".
789:
567:
485:
3735:
3549:
3118:
1147:
998:
632:
3755:
3720:
3386:
3278:
2281:
1844:
1393:
917:
807:
572:
3725:
3436:
626:
470:
1432:
1338:
1302:
1269:
1008:
3019:
1546:
3796:
1789:
1215:
255:
3351:
1173:
1117:
990:
941:
846:
769:
366:
335:
264:
53:
3614:
3482:
3271:
2860:
1512:
1063:
680:
168:
153:
3222:"Abhinav Bharat, the Malegaon Blast and Hindu Nationalism: Resisting and Emulating Islamist Terrorism"
1655:
1038:
killing 8 persons and injuring 80. During the investigation in Maharashtra, the Hindu extremist group
562:
3411:
3328:
830:
argues that "there is no Hindu terrorism" because the perpetrators do not represent the Hindu faith.
582:
360:
351:
1042:
was found to be responsible for the blasts. Three of the arrested persons were identified as Sadhvi
3776:
3472:
3416:
815:
3659:
3554:
3508:
3406:
2055:
1938:
1719:
1133:
768:, where the accused were members, or alleged members, of Hindu nationalist organisations such as
706:
538:
403:
280:
270:
43:
2764:"Why blame judiciary for granting Pragya Thakur bail when investigative agencies show no spine?"
3740:
3579:
3451:
3366:
2682:
1097:
892:
against the political opponents of Congress in the aftermath of the attacks. Kanchan Gupta and
834:
492:
448:
183:
132:
78:
3376:
1219:
1190:
285:
123:
98:
3544:
3534:
2225:
1929:
1059:
964:
811:
309:
193:
103:
48:
1089:
of the investigative process" as leading to a "paralysis of the investigation machinery."
1086:
1085:
referred to acts of alleged reprisal terrorism by Hindus, criticizing "politicisation and
8:
3730:
3609:
3584:
2782:"Sadhvi Pragya Singh may not like saffron terror, but that doesn't mean it was a 'bogey'"
2705:"Real masterminds still at large, sadhvi Pragya a victim: Sena — Mumbai — City"
2317:
narrative summary justifying the action against Qasmani. The US justification is similar.
1849:
1043:
853:
685:
622:
398:
250:
226:
128:
113:
88:
83:
3649:
852:
However, in 2019, BJP's narrative has been put into question by the revelation that the
845:, Ramaswamy Venkata Subra Mani, a former officer in the Home Ministry, alleged that the
3599:
3574:
3487:
3318:
3233:
3192:
2938:
2905:
2645:
2478:
2432:
2335:
2197:
2164:
1998:
1827:"Hindutva terror cases: NIA on the backfoot as apex court questions complicity charges"
1370:"Hindutva terror cases: NIA on the backfoot as apex court questions complicity charges"
1347:
1311:
1278:
1185:
1001:
878:
785:
699:
341:
331:
295:
25:
3150:
The brotherhood in saffron : the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh and Hindu revivalism
3589:
3308:
3294:
3256:
3196:
3182:
3153:
2745:"Sadhvi Pragya's freedom now depends on HC ruling | India News - Times of India"
1696:
1486:
978:
923:
827:
746:
670:
433:
413:
211:
143:
1595:
There is No ‘Hindu Terrorism’. But There is Something Called Sangh Parivar Terrorism
3619:
3174:
3170:
Hindu Nationalism and Terrorism in India: The Saffron Threat to Democracy (1st ed.)
2251:"US review finds five warnings of Headley's militant links — India — DNA"
1055:
1013:
931:
428:
290:
3503:
3212:
3092:
3699:
3679:
3594:
3467:
3446:
3391:
1965:
1871:
1169:
1125:
948:
893:
882:
819:
795:
547:
458:
438:
216:
1222:. The Election Commission issued a show-cause notice to Singh on this complaint.
3639:
3634:
3629:
3477:
3381:
3323:
1513:"US embassy cables: Mumbai conspiracy allegations 'outrageous' – US ambassador"
1195:
1140:
1113:
1039:
927:
900:
773:
475:
393:
326:
260:
158:
93:
1265:"Pawns In, Patrons Still Out: Understanding the Phenomenon of Hindutva Terror"
888:
Several analysts and commentators have said that the term was being used as a
3770:
3704:
3674:
3644:
3624:
3441:
3421:
3356:
3204:
1490:
1121:
1093:
994:
874:
858:
734:
453:
188:
1876:"Battleground heats up as the Hand plucks at the Lotus, one petal at a time"
3750:
3689:
3684:
3604:
3431:
2556:"2007 Ajmer blast case: Swami Aseemanand acquitted, three people convicted"
1908:"Saffron Terrorism — a new phenomenon, says Home Minister Chidambaram"
1161:
1136:
1101:
889:
463:
388:
3178:
2731:"NIA set to drop case against Sadhvi Pragya, others arrested by MP Police"
1100:'s (BJP), spoke of a "political conspiracy" aimed at the "vilification of
3654:
3401:
1670:"Book by MHA officer reveals how UPA manufactured Hindu terror narrative"
1463:
1150:
1035:
1004:
and some other Congress leaders forced him to implicate the RSS leaders.
838:
802:
376:
371:
275:
3237:
3168:
2331:"LeT trying to acquire weapons of mass destruction with help from Qaida"
1351:
1315:
1282:
1264:
1016:
and 6 other accused were acquitted, giving them the "benefit of doubt".
3694:
3664:
3513:
3426:
3396:
3361:
3221:
1333:
1297:
1165:
862:
757:
745:
acts carried out on the basis of motivations in broad association with
423:
418:
381:
873:
The term "saffron terror" was coined in 2002 by the Indian journalist
3669:
3371:
2677:
2570:"Acquitted in two cases, Aseemanand still faces Samjhauta case trial"
2355:"Samjhauta Express Blast Vs Mumbai Terror Attacks by Radhavinod Raju"
1157:
1132:
which indicated the uncovering of an alleged plot to assassinate the
1051:
1050:, which remanded them to custody till 3 November. On 28 October, the
936:
742:
33:
3263:
3152:. Noida, Uttar Pradesh: Penguin Random House India Private Limited.
2502:"India jails Hindu radicals for life over Ajmer Sharif shrine blast"
2460:"Ajmer blast case: Two 'RSS pracharaks' sentenced life imprisonment"
3313:
2104:"Lt Colonel Purohit: Did the Army sell short an effective officer?"
1934:"Defamation suit against P Chidambaram for 'saffron terror' remark"
1214:
The BJP criticised these statements and filed a complaint with the
1082:
986:
750:
356:
66:
2967:"Abhinav Bharat used derogatory words against RSS chief: RR Patil"
3518:
1880:
1031:
761:
408:
346:
3067:"Think before you speak, RSS tells Rahul — Rediff.com News"
969:
The Ajmer Dargah blast occurred on 11 October 2007, outside the
806:, the term "Hindu terrorism" gained traction in the wake of the
3253:"On we the people: Is saffron terror a misnomer or real threat"
1630:"BJP to demand apology in Parliament for saffron terror remark"
1047:
970:
443:
2377:"NIA fails to find killers of 68 Samjhauta Express passengers"
2673:"Front Page : Malegaon blast; three remanded to custody"
1994:"Congress ticks off Chidambaram over 'saffron terror' remark"
982:
765:
3093:"Hindutva activists behind 16 terror blasts in the country?"
1030:
On 29 September 2008, three bombs exploded in the States of
2827:"Malegaon probe: 'Purohit could even be eliminated by ATS'"
974:
2593:
2591:
2516:"Aseemanand links Mohan Bhagwat to terror attacks: Report"
2395:"Samjhauta Express blast case: Court acquits four accused"
1116:
have been alleged to have been involved in a plot to kill
2534:"Shinde forced me to name RSS chief: Ajmer blast accused"
843:
Hindu Terror: Insider Account of Ministry of Home Affairs
814:. A prominent reference to "Hindu terrorism" was made by
2588:
1418:
1416:
1414:
2474:"Four of five Ajmer blast accused have RSS links: ATS"
2466:
2301:"Curious case of Qasmani, who US, UN named in bombing"
2990:"Saffron brigade's terror plots exposed: India Today"
2892:
1961:"Court orders probe into PC's saffron terror remarks"
3042:"10 people wanted in blast cases had links with RSS"
2193:"Swami Aseemanand 'confessed' under duress: Counsel"
1928:
1411:
1391:
2800:"Malegaon blast: ATS says Purohit main conspirator"
1742:"Beware of saffron terror too, warns home minister"
1104:and army officers in the name of Hindu terrorism".
3034:
2419:
2190:
1786:"Rise of Hindu 'saffron terror' New straits Times"
911:
899:Former Home Minister of India and Congress member
2931:
2875:"Why politicising the Malegaon case is dangerous"
2369:
1900:
3768:
2026:"66 die in 'terror attack' on Samjhauta Express"
885:colour by many Hindu nationalist organisations.
3116:
2328:
1870:
1694:
1298:"Confronting the Reality of Hindutva Terrorism"
2611:"Arrests of 'Hindu terrorists' embarasses BJP"
2548:
2223:
2160:"Aseemanand owns up to strike on Mecca Masjid"
2079:"Purohit supplied RDX for Samjhauta bomb: ATS"
1802:
1510:
1422:
1258:
1256:
1254:
1019:
3279:
2723:
2387:
1839:
1717:
1452:
1450:
1387:
1385:
1383:
868:
707:
2934:"Did Abhinav Bharat plan to kill RSS chief?"
2056:"The Mirror Explodes | Smruti Koppikar"
1760:
1608:"Hindu terror is a misnomer, says RSS chief"
2898:
2850:
1805:"Call it Hindutva terror, not Hindu terror"
1645:
1327:
1325:
1251:
958:
3286:
3272:
1537:Shekhar, Kumar Shakti (20 December 2010).
1447:
1380:
796:"Hindu terrorism" and "Hindutva terrorism"
714:
700:
3219:
2597:
2428:"Co-conspirators saw RSS man as ISI mole"
1833:
1331:
3147:
2217:
1392:Christophe Jaffrelot (29 January 2009).
1322:
1201:
1160:, Congress(I) party's general secretary
1128:released a recorded video tested by the
1026:29 September 2008 western India bombings
784:For broader coverage of this topic, see
169:Special-interest / Single-issue
16:Violence associated with Hindu extremism
2761:
2299:Samanta, Pranab Dhal (9 January 2011).
2298:
2130:"I infiltrated Abhinav Bharat: Purohit"
1536:
1078:, which could embarrass some quarters.
800:According to Nikita Saxena writing for
3769:
3166:
2987:
2964:
2413:"What is the Ajmer Dargah blast case?"
2191:Rajinder Nagarkoti (10 January 2011).
1730:from the original on 20 November 2021.
1456:
1363:
1361:
1334:"Saffron Terror: Splinter or Symptom?"
1295:
1262:
1143:group, in their January 2011 edition.
947:There have also been allegations that
517:Charities accused of ties to terrorism
3293:
3267:
3203:
3117:Anirban Bhaumik (21 September 2011).
2425:
1701:Research Journal of Political Science
1600:
1569:"Deuce! EC notice to Sonia, Digvijay"
1367:
922:Twin blasts shook two coaches of the
3782:Hinduism-motivated violence in India
3119:"'Saffron terror' role being probed"
2824:
2096:
2076:
1845:"'Free' media tars RSS with fiction"
1768:"PC defends 'saffron terror' remark"
1734:
906:
2641:"Sadhvi in jail for Malegaon blast"
1991:
1627:
1511:Guardian Staff (10 December 2010).
1358:
1156:According to released documents by
1130:Central Forensic Science Laboratory
13:
3540:Akhil Bharatiya Ram Rajya Parishad
3211:. outlookindia.com. Archived from
3141:
2932:Shibu Thomas, TNN (28 June 2010).
2032:. 20 February 2007. Archived from
1969:. 6 September 2010. Archived from
1803:Vicky Nanjappa (14 October 2011).
1695:Jahangir, J.; Mehmood, S. (2022).
1394:"A running thread of deep saffron"
1218:, citing it as a violation of the
1107:
1072:Students Islamic Movement of India
14:
3808:
3245:
2965:Gangan, Surendra (9 April 2010).
2681:. 25 October 2008. Archived from
2649:. 25 October 2008. Archived from
2617:. 28 October 2008. Archived from
1092:In the aftermath of the attacks,
790:Violence against Muslims in India
3550:Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal
3209:"The Rise of Hindutva Terrorism"
2901:"SUBVERSE | Unholy terrors"
2899:Jug Suraiya (18 November 2008).
2853:"Rip off 'secular' media's mask"
2851:M. C. Joshi (24 November 2008).
2762:Punwani, Jyoti (28 April 2017).
2426:Mohan, Vishwa (9 January 2011).
2168:. 8 January 2011. Archived from
1788:. 25 August 2010. Archived from
1646:Balbir Punb (12 December 2008).
865:, have been arrested and tried.
826:terrorism". Political scientist
3756:Cow vigilante violence in India
3721:Assassination of Mahatma Gandhi
3387:Akhil Bharatiya Akhara Parishad
3110:
3085:
3059:
3004:
2988:Khetan, Ashsih (15 July 2010).
2981:
2958:
2925:
2867:
2844:
2818:
2792:
2774:
2755:
2737:
2697:
2665:
2633:
2603:
2562:
2526:
2508:
2494:
2452:
2405:
2347:
2329:Sachin Parashar (11 May 2011).
2322:
2292:
2282:United Nations Security Council
2269:
2243:
2226:"My arrest illegal: Aseemanand"
2224:Staff Reporter (18 July 2011).
2184:
2152:
2122:
2070:
2048:
2018:
1985:
1953:
1922:
1864:
1819:
1796:
1778:
1718:Praveen Swami (16 March 2002).
1711:
1688:
1662:
1639:
1621:
1587:
1561:
1530:
1423:Subhash Gatade (October 2007).
1368:Pubby, Vipin (4 October 2015).
1225:
1208:
918:2007 Samjhauta Express bombings
912:2007 Samjhauta Express bombings
808:2007 Samjhauta Express bombings
3787:Hinduism-related controversies
3726:Demolition of the Babri Masjid
3437:Maharashtrawadi Gomantak Party
2136:. 29 June 2012. Archived from
1504:
1479:"EC strictures Modi, Digvijay"
1471:
1457:Saxena, Nikita (15 May 2019).
1289:
985:, Rajasthan, allegedly by the
779:
1:
3226:Economic and Political Weekly
1339:Economic and Political Weekly
1303:Economic and Political Weekly
1270:Economic and Political Weekly
1239:
1009:National Investigation Agency
3148:Andersen, Walter K. (2019).
1697:"Saffron Terrorism in India"
1648:"Not terrified of terrorism"
1244:
1216:Election Commission of India
1096:, the then president of the
1062:in political rivalry as the
7:
3792:Far-right politics in India
3352:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
1539:"Offence is Cong's defence"
1179:
1118:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
1076:Inter-Services Intelligence
1020:2008 western India bombings
1007:On 8 March 2017, a special
991:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
942:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
847:United Progressive Alliance
770:Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh
512:Designated terrorist groups
10:
3813:
3615:Madhukar Dattatraya Deoras
3483:Rastriya Prajatantra Party
1910:. NDTV.com. 25 August 2010
1597:, The Wire, 18 April 2019.
1164:remarked to US Ambassador
1064:Nationalist Congress Party
1058:, pointed out a potential
1023:
962:
915:
783:
681:Anti-terrorism legislation
3713:
3567:
3527:
3496:
3460:
3412:Bharatiya Janshakti Party
3344:
3337:
3301:
676:International conventions
583:State-sponsored terrorism
3714:Events and controversies
3473:Hindu Prajatantrik Party
3417:Hindu Janajagruti Samiti
2106:. NDTV.com. 30 June 2012
1674:The Sunday Guardian Live
1628:PTI (16 February 2013),
959:2007 Ajmer Dargah attack
816:Indian National Congress
539:Violent non-state actors
3736:Boycott of Hindi cinema
3660:Rajendra Prasad Lingden
3555:Hindu Maha Sabha (Fiji)
3509:Hindu Swayamsevak Sangh
3407:Bhartiya Gau Raksha Dal
2255:Daily News and Analysis
1939:Daily News and Analysis
1459:"Good Faith, Bad Faith"
1134:Vice President of India
281:Clandestine cell system
3741:Haridwar hate speeches
3580:Syama Prasad Mukherjee
3452:Virat Hindustan Sangam
3367:Bharatiya Janata Party
3220:Jaffrelot, C. (2010).
2711:. PTI. 28 October 2008
1992:TNN (28 August 2010).
1332:Gittinger, J. (2011).
1098:Bharatiya Janata Party
1074:(SIMI) and Pakistan's
835:Bharatiya Janata Party
449:Propaganda of the deed
3377:Vishva Hindu Parishad
3259:on 21 September 2013.
3179:10.4324/9781003001812
2544:on 27 September 2013.
2201:. TNN. Archived from
1220:Model Code of Conduct
1202:Explanatory footnotes
1191:Nationalist terrorism
665:Response to terrorism
286:Leaderless resistance
3545:Jammu Praja Parishad
3535:Bharatiya Jana Sangh
3012:"The Unturned Stone"
2205:on 28 September 2011
2172:on 28 September 2011
1930:Press Trust of India
1485:. 23 December 2007.
1060:conflict of interest
965:Ajmer Dargah bombing
833:The position of the
822:in a 2007 campaign.
812:2008 Malegaon blasts
104:Right-wing/Far-right
3797:Religious terrorism
3731:1970 Bhiwandi riots
3610:Murli Manohar Joshi
3585:Deendayal Upadhyaya
3167:Murphy, E. (2023).
2733:. 27 December 2013.
1973:on 9 September 2010
1888:on 27 December 2013
1792:on 20 January 2011.
1774:. 1 September 2010.
1593:Jyotirmaya Sharma,
1549:on 23 December 2010
1296:Bidwai, P. (2008).
1263:Gatade, S. (2014).
1174:Intelligence Bureau
1044:Pragya Singh Thakur
854:Multi-Agency Centre
729:, sometimes called
686:Terrorism insurance
487:Rockets and mortars
227:Resistance movement
3600:Kailashpati Mishra
3575:Dattopant Thengadi
3488:Shanti Party Nepal
3319:Uniform Civil Code
3073:. 21 December 2010
3022:on 29 October 2012
2939:The Times of India
2913:on 26 January 2013
2906:The Times of India
2804:The Indian Express
2751:. 3 February 2017.
2749:The Times of India
2709:The Times of India
2685:on 26 October 2008
2653:on 4 November 2012
2646:The Times of India
2522:. 6 February 2014.
2479:The Indian Express
2440:on 4 November 2012
2433:The Times of India
2343:on 11 August 2011.
2336:The Times of India
2305:The Indian Express
2198:The Times of India
2165:The Times of India
2058:. Outlookindia.com
2006:on 5 November 2012
1999:The Times of India
1932:(30 August 2010).
1746:The Economic Times
1634:The Economic Times
1575:. 10 December 2007
1573:The Economic Times
1483:The Times of India
1398:The Indian Express
1186:Mecca Masjid blast
1002:Sushilkumar Shinde
879:2002 Gujarat riots
818:(Congress) member
786:Terrorism in India
332:Aircraft hijacking
89:Left-wing/Far-left
3764:
3763:
3590:Subramanian Swamy
3563:
3562:
3329:Integral Humanism
3309:Hindu nationalism
3295:Hindu nationalism
3125:. New Delhi. DHNS
2946:on 11 August 2011
2806:. 20 January 2009
2621:on 5 January 2014
2482:. 1 November 2010
2462:. 20 August 2018.
2381:TheIndependent.in
2257:. 8 November 2010
1874:(7 August 2010).
1829:. 4 October 2015.
1807:. rediff.com/news
979:Moinuddin Chishti
924:Samjhauta Express
907:2007–2008 attacks
828:Jyotirmaya Sharma
747:Hindu nationalism
724:
723:
671:Counter-terrorism
656:
655:
414:Individual terror
235:
234:
212:Violent extremism
3804:
3650:François Gautier
3620:Kushabhau Thakre
3342:
3341:
3302:General ideology
3288:
3281:
3274:
3265:
3264:
3260:
3255:. Archived from
3241:
3216:
3215:on 5 March 2014.
3200:
3163:
3135:
3134:
3132:
3130:
3114:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3103:
3089:
3083:
3082:
3080:
3078:
3063:
3057:
3056:
3054:
3052:
3038:
3032:
3031:
3029:
3027:
3018:. Archived from
3008:
3002:
3001:
2999:
2997:
2985:
2979:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2962:
2956:
2955:
2953:
2951:
2942:. Archived from
2929:
2923:
2922:
2920:
2918:
2909:. Archived from
2896:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2885:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2863:on 16 June 2011.
2859:. Archived from
2848:
2842:
2841:
2839:
2837:
2822:
2816:
2815:
2813:
2811:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2759:
2753:
2752:
2741:
2735:
2734:
2727:
2721:
2720:
2718:
2716:
2701:
2695:
2694:
2692:
2690:
2669:
2663:
2662:
2660:
2658:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2626:
2607:
2601:
2595:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2581:
2566:
2560:
2559:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2540:. Archived from
2530:
2524:
2523:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2504:. 22 March 2017.
2498:
2492:
2491:
2489:
2487:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2436:. Archived from
2423:
2417:
2416:
2415:. 24 March 2017.
2409:
2403:
2402:
2401:. 20 March 2019.
2391:
2385:
2384:
2383:. 20 March 2019.
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2362:
2351:
2345:
2344:
2339:. Archived from
2326:
2320:
2319:
2313:
2311:
2296:
2290:
2289:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2262:
2247:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2236:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2188:
2182:
2181:
2179:
2177:
2156:
2150:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2126:
2120:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2063:
2052:
2046:
2045:
2043:
2041:
2022:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2011:
2002:. Archived from
1989:
1983:
1982:
1980:
1978:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1948:
1946:
1926:
1920:
1919:
1917:
1915:
1904:
1898:
1897:
1895:
1893:
1884:. Archived from
1868:
1862:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1843:(18 July 2010).
1837:
1831:
1830:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1800:
1794:
1793:
1782:
1776:
1775:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1755:
1753:
1748:. 26 August 2010
1738:
1732:
1731:
1720:"Saffron Terror"
1715:
1709:
1708:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1681:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1658:on 16 June 2011.
1654:. Archived from
1643:
1637:
1636:
1625:
1619:
1618:
1616:
1614:
1604:
1598:
1591:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1580:
1565:
1559:
1558:
1556:
1554:
1545:. Archived from
1534:
1528:
1527:
1525:
1523:
1508:
1502:
1501:
1499:
1497:
1475:
1469:
1468:
1454:
1445:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1431:. Archived from
1425:"Saffron terror"
1420:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1389:
1378:
1377:
1365:
1356:
1355:
1329:
1320:
1319:
1293:
1287:
1286:
1260:
1233:
1229:
1223:
1212:
1056:Uddhav Thackeray
1014:Swami Aseemanand
932:Swami Aseemanand
869:"Saffron terror"
716:
709:
702:
533:
532:
506:Terrorist groups
488:
222:Militia movement
189:Green/Ecological
94:Narcotics-driven
72:
71:
21:
20:
3812:
3811:
3807:
3806:
3805:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3777:Hindu terrorism
3767:
3766:
3765:
3760:
3746:Hindu terrorism
3709:
3700:Yogi Adityanath
3680:K. S. Sudarshan
3595:Nanaji Deshmukh
3559:
3523:
3492:
3468:GFP Ramdir Sena
3456:
3447:Sanatan Sanstha
3392:Hindu Mahasabha
3333:
3297:
3292:
3251:
3248:
3207:(11 May 2010).
3189:
3160:
3144:
3142:Further reading
3139:
3138:
3128:
3126:
3115:
3111:
3101:
3099:
3097:South Asia Mail
3091:
3090:
3086:
3076:
3074:
3065:
3064:
3060:
3050:
3048:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3025:
3023:
3010:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2993:
2986:
2982:
2972:
2970:
2963:
2959:
2949:
2947:
2930:
2926:
2916:
2914:
2897:
2893:
2883:
2881:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2849:
2845:
2835:
2833:
2823:
2819:
2809:
2807:
2798:
2797:
2793:
2780:
2779:
2775:
2760:
2756:
2743:
2742:
2738:
2729:
2728:
2724:
2714:
2712:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2688:
2686:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2656:
2654:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2624:
2622:
2615:Hindustan Times
2609:
2608:
2604:
2596:
2589:
2579:
2577:
2576:. 17 April 2018
2574:The News Minute
2568:
2567:
2563:
2558:. 8 March 2017.
2554:
2553:
2549:
2532:
2531:
2527:
2514:
2513:
2509:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2485:
2483:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2443:
2441:
2424:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2406:
2393:
2392:
2388:
2375:
2374:
2370:
2360:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2348:
2327:
2323:
2309:
2307:
2297:
2293:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2260:
2258:
2249:
2248:
2244:
2234:
2232:
2222:
2218:
2208:
2206:
2189:
2185:
2175:
2173:
2158:
2157:
2153:
2143:
2141:
2134:Hindustan Times
2128:
2127:
2123:
2109:
2107:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2059:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2039:
2037:
2030:Hindustan Times
2024:
2023:
2019:
2009:
2007:
1990:
1986:
1976:
1974:
1966:Hindustan Times
1959:
1958:
1954:
1944:
1942:
1927:
1923:
1913:
1911:
1906:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1889:
1872:Swapan Dasgupta
1869:
1865:
1855:
1853:
1838:
1834:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1801:
1797:
1784:
1783:
1779:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1751:
1749:
1740:
1739:
1735:
1716:
1712:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1644:
1640:
1626:
1622:
1612:
1610:
1606:
1605:
1601:
1592:
1588:
1578:
1576:
1567:
1566:
1562:
1552:
1550:
1535:
1531:
1521:
1519:
1509:
1505:
1495:
1493:
1477:
1476:
1472:
1455:
1448:
1438:
1436:
1421:
1412:
1402:
1400:
1390:
1381:
1366:
1359:
1330:
1323:
1294:
1290:
1261:
1252:
1247:
1242:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1226:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1182:
1170:Lashkar-e-Taiba
1126:Headlines Today
1110:
1108:Other incidents
1087:communalisation
1028:
1022:
967:
961:
949:Lashkar-e-Taiba
920:
914:
909:
894:Swapan Dasgupta
871:
820:Digvijaya Singh
798:
793:
782:
731:Hindutva terror
727:Hindu terrorism
720:
691:
690:
666:
658:
657:
652:
577:
548:State terrorism
530:
522:
521:
507:
499:
498:
497:
493:Vehicle-ramming
486:
321:
319:
302:
301:
300:
245:
237:
236:
231:
217:Ethnic violence
198:
163:
108:
69:
58:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3810:
3800:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3762:
3761:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3723:
3717:
3715:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3640:Pravin Togadia
3637:
3635:Nathuram Godse
3632:
3630:Mahatma Gandhi
3627:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3597:
3592:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3531:
3529:
3525:
3524:
3522:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3500:
3498:
3494:
3493:
3491:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3478:Shivsena Nepal
3475:
3470:
3464:
3462:
3458:
3457:
3455:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3434:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3414:
3409:
3404:
3399:
3394:
3389:
3384:
3382:Abhinav Bharat
3379:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3359:
3354:
3348:
3346:
3339:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3324:Saffronisation
3321:
3316:
3311:
3305:
3303:
3299:
3298:
3291:
3290:
3283:
3276:
3268:
3262:
3261:
3247:
3246:External links
3244:
3243:
3242:
3217:
3205:Swami, Praveen
3201:
3187:
3164:
3158:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3109:
3084:
3058:
3033:
3003:
2980:
2957:
2924:
2891:
2866:
2843:
2817:
2791:
2773:
2754:
2736:
2722:
2696:
2664:
2632:
2602:
2598:Jaffrelot 2010
2587:
2561:
2547:
2525:
2507:
2493:
2465:
2451:
2418:
2404:
2386:
2368:
2346:
2321:
2291:
2277:"ARIF QASMANI"
2268:
2242:
2216:
2183:
2151:
2140:on 15 May 2013
2121:
2095:
2069:
2047:
2036:on 2 June 2013
2017:
1984:
1952:
1921:
1899:
1863:
1832:
1818:
1795:
1777:
1759:
1733:
1710:
1687:
1661:
1638:
1620:
1599:
1586:
1560:
1529:
1503:
1470:
1446:
1435:on 26 May 2019
1410:
1379:
1357:
1321:
1288:
1249:
1248:
1246:
1243:
1241:
1238:
1235:
1234:
1224:
1206:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1199:
1198:
1196:Saffronisation
1193:
1188:
1181:
1178:
1148:Home Secretary
1141:Abhinav Bharat
1114:Abhinav Bharat
1109:
1106:
1040:Abhinav Bharat
1024:Main article:
1021:
1018:
963:Main article:
960:
957:
928:Abhinav Bharat
916:Main article:
913:
910:
908:
905:
901:P. Chidambaram
870:
867:
797:
794:
781:
778:
774:Abhinav Bharat
739:saffron terror
722:
721:
719:
718:
711:
704:
696:
693:
692:
689:
688:
683:
678:
673:
667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
654:
653:
651:
650:
645:
640:
635:
630:
620:
615:
610:
605:
600:
595:
589:
586:
585:
579:
578:
576:
575:
570:
565:
560:
554:
551:
550:
544:
543:
542:
541:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
520:
519:
514:
508:
505:
504:
501:
500:
496:
495:
490:
483:
476:Suicide attack
473:
468:
467:
466:
461:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
409:Hostage-taking
406:
401:
396:
394:Cyberterrorism
391:
386:
385:
384:
379:
374:
369:
364:
354:
344:
339:
329:
327:Agro-terrorism
323:
322:
318:
317:
314:
310:
308:
307:
304:
303:
299:
298:
293:
288:
283:
278:
273:
268:
261:Radicalization
258:
253:
247:
246:
243:
242:
239:
238:
233:
232:
230:
229:
224:
219:
214:
208:
205:
204:
203:Related topics
200:
199:
197:
196:
191:
186:
181:
175:
172:
171:
165:
164:
162:
161:
156:
151:
148:Salafi-Wahhabi
141:
136:
126:
120:
117:
116:
110:
109:
107:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
70:
64:
63:
60:
59:
57:
56:
51:
46:
40:
37:
36:
30:
29:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3809:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3757:
3754:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3705:Narendra Modi
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3675:Digvijay Nath
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3645:Koenraad Elst
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3626:
3625:Mohan Bhagwat
3623:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3611:
3608:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3572:
3570:
3566:
3556:
3553:
3551:
3548:
3546:
3543:
3541:
3538:
3536:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3526:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3501:
3499:
3495:
3489:
3486:
3484:
3481:
3479:
3476:
3474:
3471:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3459:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3442:Panun Kashmir
3440:
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3173:. Routledge.
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3685:Savitri Devi
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3432:Sri Ram Sena
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2004:the original
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1517:the Guardian
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1162:Rahul Gandhi
1155:
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1137:Hamid Ansari
1111:
1102:Hindu saints
1091:
1080:
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973:(shrine) of
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890:smear tactic
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633:Saudi Arabia
627:Soviet Union
563:Soviet Union
389:Bioterrorism
352:Animal-borne
138:
18:
3655:Kamal Thapa
3402:Bajrang Dal
3129:14 November
3102:14 November
3077:14 November
3026:14 November
2992:. New Delhi
2857:The Pioneer
2836:17 November
2088:17 November
2062:17 November
1977:8 September
1914:14 November
1856:17 November
1850:The Pioneer
1811:16 December
1652:The Pioneer
1543:The Pioneer
1464:The Caravan
1439:16 December
1403:17 November
1151:R. K. Singh
1146:The Indian
1112:Members of
1036:Maharashtra
839:Balbir Punj
803:The Caravan
780:Terminology
741:, refer to
276:Death squad
179:Suffragette
99:Nationalist
44:Definitions
3771:Categories
3695:Uma Bharti
3665:Ram Madhav
3514:Siva Senai
3504:Banga Sena
3427:Hindu Sena
3397:Karni Sena
3362:Arya Samaj
3071:Rediff.com
3051:22 January
2973:12 October
2950:10 October
2825:Agencies.
2520:jagran.com
2486:18 January
2444:14 January
2357:. Ipcs.org
2077:Agencies.
2010:10 October
1752:10 October
1579:10 October
1553:15 January
1240:References
1166:Tim Roemer
1120:President
877:after the
863:Aseemanand
758:Pakistanis
573:Uzbekistan
558:Kazakhstan
424:Kidnapping
419:Insurgency
367:Improvised
194:Misogynist
3670:Amit Shah
3372:Shiv Sena
3197:258222633
3046:The Hindu
2884:1 January
2768:Scroll.in
2678:The Hindu
2230:The Hindu
1945:30 August
1724:Frontline
1522:1 January
1491:0971-8257
1374:Scroll.in
1245:Citations
1158:WikiLeaks
1052:Shiv Sena
937:pracharak
743:terrorist
648:Venezuela
529:Adherents
429:Lone wolf
342:Beheading
291:Lone wolf
251:Financing
244:Structure
129:Christian
114:Religious
84:Communist
79:Anarchist
54:Incidents
34:Terrorism
3497:Overseas
3314:Hindutva
3238:25742046
2969:. Mumbai
2040:11 March
1728:Archived
1613:21 March
1352:23047273
1316:40278200
1283:24479356
1180:See also
1083:B. Raman
987:Hindutva
751:Hindutva
613:Pakistan
471:Stabbing
454:Shooting
296:Domestic
256:Fronting
124:Buddhist
67:ideology
26:a series
24:Part of
3528:Defunct
3519:HINDRAF
3016:Tehelka
2996:28 July
2917:24 June
2810:9 March
2715:9 March
2689:9 March
2657:9 March
2625:9 March
2580:14 July
2538:IBNLive
2361:9 March
2310:9 March
2261:9 March
2235:9 March
2209:9 March
2176:9 March
2144:9 March
2110:9 March
1892:30 July
1881:Tehelka
1032:Gujarat
940:of the
883:saffron
762:Muslims
478: (
434:Nuclear
399:Dry run
359: (
347:Bombing
334: (
316:Tactics
313:Methods
144:Islamic
49:History
3568:People
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2879:Rediff
1680:9 June
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1350:
1314:
1281:
1048:Nashik
977:saint
971:Dargah
623:Russia
603:Kuwait
598:Israel
459:School
444:Piracy
377:Threat
372:Letter
265:online
154:Jewish
133:Mormon
3461:Nepal
3345:India
3234:JSTOR
3193:S2CID
1496:1 May
1429:Himal
1348:JSTOR
1312:JSTOR
1279:JSTOR
1232:them.
983:Ajmer
766:India
638:Syria
618:Qatar
608:Libya
464:Spree
439:Paper
382:Proxy
139:Hindu
3183:ISBN
3154:ISBN
3131:2012
3104:2012
3079:2012
3053:2013
3028:2012
2998:2010
2975:2010
2952:2010
2919:2010
2886:2023
2838:2014
2812:2013
2717:2013
2691:2013
2659:2013
2627:2013
2582:2020
2488:2011
2446:2011
2363:2013
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2237:2013
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2178:2013
2146:2013
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2042:2013
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1947:2010
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1858:2014
1813:2014
1754:2010
1682:2018
1615:2013
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1555:2011
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1498:2023
1487:ISSN
1441:2014
1405:2014
1034:and
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810:and
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