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780:
sister. The MAS was responsible for the deaths of 500 members of the
Patriotic Union, a political party that emerged from the demobilization of part of the FARC in the 1990s. Significantly, it is worth recalling that Medellin cartel refused to buy coca from peasants living in areas under FARC control. From then on, even when there was evidence of collaboration between FARC and the drug traffickers, these connections were described as « temporary alliances ».
772:(Marxist guerrillas) sieged the palace of Justice in order to hold all supreme magistrates hostage. The organized military reaction caused the building to burn resulting in the deaths of 91 people, 11 of which were judges. Although the M-19 denies being funded from outside sources, multiple sources say the Medellin Cartel funded them. Additionally, numerous bombs detonated across the country, the most memorable bomb being the one that brought down
692:
582:
287:
25:
674:. A number of crimes by âLos Extraditablesâ were due to their constant battles against the governmentâs policies on extradition and their collaborations with the United States government who sought to bring the Colombian drug bosses to justice. These terrorist acts typically consisted of assassinations of political figures, kidnappings, and bombings. The wing of the cartel also known as
389:, which has several organized and trained groups that dominate territories, carry out offensives against state and federal security forces, control the clandestine market for drugs, weapons and ammunition and apply violence through psychological, communal and indiscriminate terrorism against the civilian population.
783:
President Alvaro Uribe, who was elected on the idea of waging an all-out war against the FARC, over-emphasized the link between drugs and the FARC as well as the terrorist nature of the guerilla group in a post 2001 context: â(Ălvaro Uribe) increasingly equated the guerrillas with drug traffickers
779:
In
Colombian history, the FARC were initially major enemies of the drug cartels. The MAS (Muerte a los secuestradores - Death to the kidnappers) was a group created by the most eminent members of the Cali cartel, including Escobar and Ochoa against the guerrillas who had kidnapped one of Ochoa's
752:
Pablo
Escobar was elected as a representative as an alternative congress delegate, but allegations from politicians, the newspaper âEl Espectadorâ and the minister of justice declared him a drug trafficker and he was eventually dismissed from Congress on January 4, 1984.
550:, PKK terrorists and their ongoing drug trafficking activities throughout Europe and UK, netting over $ 1.5 billion annually. Estimates indicate that 80% of the European illicit drug market are directly related to PKK activities.
457:, Hezbollah makes a profit in the cocaine smuggling market to leverage it for terrorist activities. Hezbollah operatives are overseeing illicit finance and drug trafficking activities, moving about $ 200 million a month.
1105:
209:
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The term is being increasingly used for terrorist organizations that engage in drug trafficking activity to fund their operations and gain recruits and expertise. Such organizations include
216:(DOJ) "reported that 29 of the top 63 international drug syndicates, identified as such on the consolidated priority organization target (CPOT) list, were associated with terrorists."
928:
Testimony of Victor Comras to the US House
Subcommittee on Financial Oversight and Investigations, hearings on Current and Evolving Trends in Terrorism Financing. September 28, 2010.
784:
and terroristsâ . This policy has provoked much criticism which has enriched the debate on the nature of the conflict in
Colombia, and consequently on the character of the FARC.
235:
paramilitary forces. The U.S. government is funding large-scale drug eradication campaigns and supporting
Colombian military operations, seeking the extradition of commanders.
1091:
Narco-terrorism: international drug trafficking and terrorism, a dangerous mix : hearing before the
Committee on the Judiciary, One Hundred Eighth Congress, first session
1011:
833:
642:
During the period from 1984–1993, Colombia was known as one of the countries to have suffered a number of terrorist attacks at the hands of narcotic traffickers.
128:, and to hinder the enforcement of anti-drug laws by the systematic threat or use of such violence. As with most definitions of terrorism, it typically only refers to
124:, in its original context, is understood to refer to the attempts of narcotics traffickers to influence the policies of a government or a society through violence and
1277:
159:
attacks against his nation's anti-narcotics police. The term has become a subject of controversy, largely due to its use in discussing violent opposition to the
254:
was involved in or made his money through drug trafficking." The organization gains most of its finances through donations, particularly those by "wealthy
227:, intending to eradicate drug crops and to act against drug lords accused of engaging in narcoterrorism, including among them the leaders of the Marxist
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449:
is said to derive its income from drug trafficking operations in both the Middle East and Latin
America. According to research conducted by the
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912:
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government is probably one of the most known and best documented examples of narcoterrorism. The term itself was coined by former
President
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reportedly also participated directly in these acts of terrorism at the behest of the MedellĂn Cartelâs top leaders.
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425:. Said to be involved in large-scale drug trafficking via their contacts in Pakistani intelligence.
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212:"were involved 'to some degree' in illicit narcotics activity" while in fiscal year 2010, the
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Areas or countries that have experienced narcoterrorist activity or narco-warfare include:
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Bagley, B.M. (1988), "Colombia and the War on Drugs." Foreign
Affairs 67, no. 1 70-92. P84
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250:, it did not serve the same purpose for al Qaeda, and there is no reliable evidence that
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1012:"The Captagon Threat: A Profile of Illicit Trade, Consumption, and Regional Realities"
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and Syria to finance the world's largest multi-billion dollar drug industry. The
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say that prohibition itself funds terrorism, due to it indirectly making the
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Congressional Research Service, Plan Colombia: a progress report, 2005, p2
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A GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF NARCOTICS-FUNDED TERRORIST AND OTHER EXTREMIST GROUPS
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during its flight over Soacha Cundinamarca resulting in 107 dead in 1989.
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311: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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is often said to finance its activities through drug trafficking, the
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Terrorism and Transnational Crime: Foreign Policy Issues for Congress
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were three Colombian presidents that constantly battled against the
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has sponsored various militant groups that control territories in
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notes that "while the drug trade was a source of income for the
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In 2000 the U.S. began funding, continued under the U.S.
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designated by the U.S. as foreign terrorist organizations
1182:
The Drug War in Mexico: By Any Other Name it's Terrorism
421:, a Mumbai-based crime syndicate which carried out the
439:(KLA) used "narcoterrorism" to finance its operations.
1010:Rose, Söderholm, Caroline, Alexander (April 2022).
523:has left-wing revolutionary guerrillas such as the
407:and left-wing revolutionary guerrillas such as the
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
534:is said to fund itself through heroin trafficking.
1147:"'PKK-affiliated gangs control drug trade in UK'"
989:"Hezbollah has turned Lebanon into a narco-state"
208:(DEA) reported that 14 of 36 (39%) of the groups
16:Use of terrorism for purposes of drug trafficking
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1009:
1213:
1065:"Afghanistan: How do the Taliban make money?"
1062:
1017:. New Lines Institute: 26, 27. Archived from
965:. Narcoterror.org. 2009-07-16. Archived from
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900:, By Robert Hendin, July 18, 2008. CBS News.
517:are believed to be involved in drug dealing.
720:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
610:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
366:, which are vital for the group's finances.
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513:), where loyalist paramilitaries like the
1048:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
986:
740:Learn how and when to remove this message
630:Learn how and when to remove this message
327:Learn how and when to remove this message
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
1184:, by Barnard R. Thompson (MexiData.info)
834:"U.S. Terrorist Search Reaches Paraguay"
987:Abou Zahr, Khaled (22 September 2022).
1694:
1525:Charities accused of ties to terrorism
857:
1201:
143:'s violence in his dealings with the
1108:from the original on 1 February 2016
937:John Rollins & Liana Sun Wyler,
898:DEA Digging Into Al Qaeda Drug Links
718:adding citations to reliable sources
685:
608:adding citations to reliable sources
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453:as part of an initiative called the
309:adding citations to reliable sources
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47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
463:has drug cartels and gangs such as
372:, to fund operations with sales of
13:
1566:Victims of Acts of Terror Memorial
1530:Designated terrorist organizations
858:Levitt, Matthew (September 2012).
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1063:Azami, Dawood (August 28, 2021).
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565:Illegal drug trade in Venezuela
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206:Drug Enforcement Administration
204:report noted that in 2003, the
34:needs additional citations for
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532:Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
202:Congressional Research Service
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860:"Hizbullah Drugs Trafficking"
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477:Jalisco New Generation Cartel
362:operations of militant group
1127:https://janus-initiative.com
963:"The Drug War and Terrorism"
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1702:Special-interest terrorism
1258:Anti-terrorism legislation
768:. On November 6, 1985 the
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572:Narcoterrorism in Colombia
273:responsible for all sale.
214:U.S. Department of Justice
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1540:Islamic terrorist attacks
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1447:State-sponsored terrorism
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1394:Environmental destruction
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1253:International conventions
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864:The Washington Institute
155:in 1983 when describing
1463:Clandestine cell system
672:Gonzalo Rodriguez Gacha
409:Popular Liberation Army
149:Fernando BelaĂșnde Terry
1409:Propaganda of the deed
1190:, by Ginger Thompson (
1037:Cite journal requires
770:19th of April Movement
515:Ulster Volunteer Force
437:Kosovo Liberation Army
271:criminal organizations
244:9/11 Commission Report
1549:Memorials and museums
1188:The Narco-terror Trap
756:On April 30, 1984, a
664:Pablo Escobar Gaviria
556:, in the form of the
485:La Resistencia (gang)
346:, wherein the ruling
1561:Topography of Terror
1248:History of terrorism
799:Anti-Narcotics Force
766:Rodrigo Lara Bonilla
714:improve this section
644:Belisario Betancourt
604:improve this section
423:1993 Bombay bombings
305:improve this article
263:prohibition of drugs
43:improve this article
838:The Washington Post
451:Abba Eban Institute
221:Bush administration
1707:Illegal drug trade
1379:Aircraft hijacking
1132:2019-10-23 at the
999:on 8 October 2022.
944:2016-06-15 at the
915:2017-12-15 at the
809:Illegal drug trade
774:Avianca Flight 203
558:Cartel of the Suns
542:Bombings in Sweden
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1435:State involvement
1263:Counter-terrorism
1024:on 12 April 2022.
758:motorcycle gunman
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1456:Organisation
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1335:Nationalist
1318:Palestinian
1286:By ideology
804:Drug cartel
676:Los Priscos
493:Los Pelones
469:Gente Nueva
370:Afghanistan
136:Description
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1675:Venezuela
1575:By country
1499:Red Terror
1492:Historical
1414:Proxy bomb
1364:Types and
1308:Right-wing
1243:Definition
1192:ProPublica
1112:25 January
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884:2022-06-11
844:2022-06-11
820:References
193:, and the
99:March 2020
69:newspapers
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238:Although
191:Hezbollah
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157:terrorist
145:Colombian
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1069:BBC News
942:Archived
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788:See also
393:Colombia
277:Examples
240:al-Qaeda
231:and the
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