567:
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610:, he was initially involved in its government, but was soon excluded from it through the intrigues of political opponents, and soon afterwards, was interned and imprisoned by the Russian authorities until 1808. On his release he found himself barred from public office. Despite that he sought to present a programme for rebuilding and developing Poland in his "Remarks on the Present Position of That Part of the Polish Lands that, since the Treaty of Tilsit, have come to be called the Duchy of Warsaw", (1809). In 1809 he became a member of the
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which till then was used for lectures. The removal of Latin in favour of a national language in higher education was then still uncommon in Europe. The reform proved so controversial that his political enemies plotted successfully to have him temporarily removed from Kraków in 1781, on grounds of
2438:
488:(1790). In his works he advocated a republican-tinged constitutional reform and the need for other social reforms. Among the goals he pursued were the strengthening of the king's constitutional position, a larger national army, abolition of the
424:, where he took a prominent role in the development of the national network of schools. He spent two years in Warsaw, but returned to Kraków where he reformed the Kraków Academy, on whose board he sat from 1777, and whose
492:, the introduction of universal taxation, and the emancipation of both townspeople and the peasantry. An organizer of the townspeople's movement, he edited a text that demanded reform and which was delivered to the
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297:(1 April 1750 – 28 February 1812), was a prominent Polish constitutional reformer and educationalist, and one of the most prominent figures of the
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In exile, his political views became more radical and he became involved with the preparation for an insurrection. In 1794 he took part in the
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Despite his lonely death, Kołłątaj became an influence on many subsequent reformers and is now recognized as one of the key figures of the
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he was between 1783–1786. The reform of the
Academy was very substantial. It established innovative standards. Notably, he substituted
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598:. After the suppression of the Uprising in the same year, Kołłątaj was imprisoned by the Austrians until 1802. In 1805, with
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The Polish biographical dictionary: profiles of nearly 900 Poles who have made lasting contributions to world civilization
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that had been formed to bring down the
Constitution. However, in 1792, when the Confederates' won, Kołłątaj emigrated to
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1986:
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1815:
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2014:
614:. In the years 1809–1810 he was once again involved with the Kraków Academy, bringing it back from its temporarily
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664:, published posthumously in 1842. In this work he put forward the first Polish presentation of ideas of social
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538:, himself a co-author of the Constitution, to seek a compromise with their opponents and to join the
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He died on 28 February 1812, "forgotten and abandoned" by his contemporaries. He was buried in the
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Several learned institutions in Poland are named in Hugo Kołłątaj's honour, including the
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2237:
Constitutions, elections, and legislatures of Poland, 1493–1977: a guide to their history
1801:, and "one of the greatest minds of his epoch". He is one of the figures immortalized in
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1020:
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112:
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1745:
1672:
1297:
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1247:
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1072:
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212:
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678:
The State of
Education in Poland in the Final Years of the Reign of Augustus III
43:
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3128:
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1412:
1402:
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1212:
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753:
662:
A Critical
Analysis of Historical Principles regarding the Origins of Humankind
599:
551:
397:
389:. He is thought to have gained two further doctorates abroad in philosophy and
366:, where he studied law and gained a doctorate. Afterwards, around 1775 he took
2783:
2743:
2408:(History of Philosophy), 3 vols., Warsaw, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1978.
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1832:
1702:
1242:
1117:
956:
645:
489:
453:
Kołłątaj was also active politically. In 1786 he assumed the office of the
355:
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51:
707:
4835:
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4642:
4607:
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3183:
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3045:
3040:
2788:
2359:
Stanley S. Sokol; Sharon F. Mrotek
Kissane; Alfred L. Abramowicz (1992).
1957:
1802:
1712:
1707:
1617:
1607:
1597:
1497:
1337:
1332:
1302:
1237:
1217:
853:
757:
640:(1811), Kołłątaj sought to create a socio-ethical system emphasizing the
626:
454:
367:
318:
3004:
2194:
437:
corruption and immorality. Although in 1782 the decision was rescinded.
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4662:
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4141:
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3974:
3959:
3929:
3178:
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2921:
2911:
2849:
1162:
875:
783:
669:
657:
615:
474:
386:
351:
270:
4084:
2416:
4805:
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3020:
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894:
798:
665:
314:
310:
630:
511:
to assist in the document's implementation. In 1786 he received the
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2967:
1740:
1107:
1077:
983:
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591:
390:
322:
306:
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120:
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into a family of Polish nobility. Soon after, his family moved to
4461:
4242:
4237:
1432:
1087:
1052:
1010:
1005:
884:
672:
concepts. This work is also seen as an important contribution to
653:
547:
543:
266:
258:
465:, heading an informal group that was on the radical wing of the
37:
4784:
4391:
3050:
2442:
2051:
1192:
1152:
1112:
681:
405:
375:
371:
97:
4939:
Ecclesiastical senators of the Polish–Lithuanian
Commonwealth
4612:
2936:
433:
534:, Kołłątaj, along with other royal advisers, persuaded King
1222:
379:
556:
On the
Adoption and Fall of the Polish May 3 Constitution
680:, published posthumously in 1841, he argued against the
2111:(in Polish). Krakowska drukarnia nakladowa. p. 10.
2047:
2045:
2043:
354:, where he spent his childhood. He attended school in
4919:
18th-century Polish–Lithuanian Roman
Catholic priests
2041:
2039:
2037:
2035:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2023:
684:
domination of education and presented a study of the
5019:
Recipients of the Order of the White Eagle (Poland)
2360:
2308:. Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. p. 42.
2274:. Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. p. 41.
2226:
2224:
2222:
2220:
2218:
2216:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2020:
1981:. Wydawnictwa Szkolne i Pedagogiczne. p. 40.
461:, and moved to Warsaw. He became prominent in the
2477:
2427:. Vol. 15 (11th ed.). pp. 890–891.
4890:
2352:
648:idea of a "physico-moral order". Steeped in the
606:in Volhynia. In 1807, after the creation of the
2301:
2267:
2207:
2092:(in Polish). Poznań: N. Kamieński. p. 312.
1974:
1828:History of philosophy in Poland – Enlightenment
594:Department, and backing the Uprising's wing of
473:". As leader of the Patriotic Party during the
469:, and labelled by their political enemies as "
4100:
2865:
2463:
2230:
2128:(in Polish). Wiedza Powszechna. p. 287.
1778:
2994:
2965:
2951:
440:
16:Polish historian and philosopher (1750–1812)
4929:18th-century Polish–Lithuanian philosophers
3060:
2125:Kto to był?: popularny słownik biograficzny
4107:
4093:
2872:
2858:
2470:
2456:
2336:
2334:
2332:
2121:
2052:Halina Lerski; Harcourt Education (1996).
1785:
1771:
338:Hugo Kołłątaj was born on 1 April 1750 in
36:
2085:
2055:Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945
1970:
1968:
1966:
2879:
2367:. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers. p.
2102:
620:
565:
561:
444:
4114:
2329:
2295:
2261:
1895:
1893:
1891:
1889:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1879:
1877:
1818:of which he was co-founder and patron.
309:priest, social and political activist,
5014:Rectors of the Jagiellonian University
4891:
2305:Uchwalenie i obrona Konstytucji 3 Maja
2271:Uchwalenie i obrona Konstytucji 3 Maja
2157:
2155:
2153:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2145:
2007:
2005:
1978:Uchwalenie i obrona Konstytucji 3 Maja
1963:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
486:The Political Law of the Polish Nation
4088:
3110:
2891:
2853:
2451:
2186:
2184:
2182:
2180:
1949:
1947:
612:Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning
243:Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning
2411:
2142:
2002:
1854:
660:in particular, he went on to write
382:), where he would have encountered
13:
4994:Prisoners and detainees of Austria
2395:
2195:Towarzysze Szkoły Głównej Koronnej
2177:
1944:
477:, he set out its programme in his
14:
5045:
5004:Prisoners and detainees of Russia
2432:
1960:, Wielka Genealogia Minakowskiego
1958:Hugo Kołątaj ze Sztumbergu h. wł.
1816:Agricultural University of Cracow
396:Returning to Poland, he became a
4934:19th-century Polish philosophers
4871:
4859:
4753:Stratification of emotional life
4202:
4196:
4190:
4068:
4067:
2174:, Katolicka Agencja Informacyjna
1751:
1739:
747:
739:
731:
706:
418:Commission of National Education
151:
4954:Polish male non-fiction writers
2809:Andrzej Stanisław Młodziejowski
2204:, Alma Mater, wiosna 1997, nr 4
570:Kołłątaj, by Jan Pfeiffer, 1810
550:, where in 1793 he wrote, with
4999:Polish prisoners and detainees
4949:19th-century Polish historians
4944:Jagiellonian University alumni
2115:
2096:
2089:Piśmiennictwo polski w zarysie
2079:
2058:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 259–260.
1918:
698:
484:(1788–1789) and in his essay,
358:. He began his studies at the
303:Deputy Chancellor of the Crown
30:Deputy Chancellor of the Crown
1:
2122:Przyrowski, Zbigniew (1996).
2107:. In Rymar, Stanisław (ed.).
2105:"O księdzu Hugonie Kołłątaju"
1848:
586:on 7 May 1794. He headed the
479:Several Anonymous Letters to
333:
4964:Polish educational theorists
4924:18th-century Polish nobility
3111:
2997:Liberté, égalité, fraternité
2794:Jan Kazimierz de Alten Bokum
644:of all people, based on the
582:on 24 March 1794 and to the
422:Society for Elementary Books
342:(now in Western Ukraine) in
328:
7:
4914:Burials at Powązki Cemetery
4909:People from Ternopil Oblast
4345:Theological intellectualism
2966:
1926:"The Year of Hugo Kołłątaj"
1821:
1808:Constitution of May 3, 1791
509:Friends of the Constitution
10:
5050:
4969:Enlightenment philosophers
4723:Principle of double effect
2892:
2779:Michał Stefan Radziejowski
2240:. EJJ Books. p. 194.
2086:Dembowski, Edward (1845).
794:Principle of Double Effect
519:. In 1791–92 he served as
505:Constitution of 3 May 1791
305:between 1791–92. He was a
4854:
4793:
4590:
4367:
4337:
4299:
4256:
4218:
4211:
4188:
4122:
4054:
4008:
3910:
3867:
3846:
3793:
3762:
3746:
3693:
3627:
3579:
3543:
3510:
3429:
3388:
3232:
3121:
3117:
3106:
3011:Methodological skepticism
2902:
2898:
2887:
2489:
2344:Kołłątaj Hugo (1750–1812)
2017:, Urząd Gminy w Tuczępach
513:Order of Saint Stanislaus
503:Kołłątaj co-authored the
441:Reforms of the Great Sejm
284:
280:
248:
238:
222:
208:
198:
194:
167:
159:
147:
139:
131:
119:
107:
87:
62:
50:
35:
28:
21:
4979:Polish political writers
2302:Krzysztof Bauer (1991).
2268:Krzysztof Bauer (1991).
1975:Krzysztof Bauer (1991).
588:Supreme National Council
530:that broke out over the
523:(Podkanclerzy Koronny).
517:Order of the White Eagle
189:Proclamation of Połaniec
4350:Theological voluntarism
2424:Encyclopædia Britannica
2418:"Kollontaj, Hugo"
2103:Kołłątaj, Hugo (1912).
1930:Jagiellonian University
1799:Enlightenment in Poland
910:Theological determinism
638:The Physico-Moral Order
540:Targowica Confederation
416:. He was active in the
364:Jagiellonian University
174:A Few Anonymous Letters
5034:Crown vice-chancellors
4989:Polish anthropologists
4866:Catholicism portal
3061:
2995:
2961:Enlightened absolutism
2952:
2594:Krzysztof Szydłowiecki
2439:Works by Hugo Kołłątaj
2402:Władysław Tatarkiewicz
1746:Catholicism portal
1098:Gregory (of Nazianzus)
962:Christian Neoplatonism
633:
578:, contributing to its
571:
507:. He also founded the
450:
291:Hugo Stumberg Kołłątaj
4984:Kościuszko insurgents
4974:Catholic philosophers
4878:Philosophy portal
4693:Infused righteousness
2927:Counter-Enlightenment
2719:Hieronim Radziejowski
1758:Philosophy portal
674:cultural anthropology
624:
569:
562:Exile and final years
554:, an essay entitled,
521:Crown Vice Chancellor
481:Stanisław Małachowski
448:
5029:Polish Enlightenment
4826:Doctor of the Church
4708:Ontological argument
2881:Age of Enlightenment
2839:Wojciech Skarszewski
2734:Bogusław Leszczyński
2619:Franciszek Krasiński
2514:Stanisław Kurozwęcki
2504:Klemens Moskarzewski
2348:Encyklopedia Interia
994:Second scholasticism
686:history of education
299:Polish Enlightenment
263:political philosophy
229:Polish Enlightenment
203:Age of Enlightenment
185:3rd May Constitution
4653:Divine illumination
4309:Augustinian realism
4177:Theological virtues
4116:Catholic philosophy
3887:Feijóo y Montenegro
3838:Vorontsova-Dashkova
2704:Andrzej Leszczyński
2679:Stanisław Łubieński
2659:Wawrzyniec Gembicki
2654:Wojciech Baranowski
2579:Wincenty Przerębski
2569:Wojciech Żychliński
2539:Władysław Oporowski
2441:in digital library
2413:Bain, Robert Nisbet
824:Liberation Theology
725:Catholic philosophy
602:, he organized the
576:Kościuszko Uprising
143:Marianna Mierzeńska
4821:Islamic philosophy
4775:Trademark argument
4668:Formal distinction
4618:Augustinian values
4291:Analytical Thomism
4271:Christian humanism
3026:Natural philosophy
2739:Mikołaj Prażmowski
2709:Wacław Leszczyński
2634:Piotr Dunin-Wolski
2599:Samuel Maciejowski
2574:Zbigniew Oleśnicki
2554:Tomasz Strzępiński
2549:Grzegorz Lubrański
2524:Dunin ze Skrzyńska
2509:Zawisza Kurozwęcki
2406:Historia filozofii
2200:2012-04-15 at the
2170:2022-11-07 at the
1908:2016-03-04 at the
1805:'s 1891 painting,
1103:Gregory (of Nyssa)
831:Christian Humanism
634:
604:Krzemieniec Lyceum
584:Połaniec Manifesto
572:
532:3 May Constitution
528:Polish-Russian war
451:
410:Krzyżanowice Dolne
213:Western philosophy
4886:
4885:
4801:Catholic theology
4748:Seven deadly sins
4718:Peripatetic axiom
4628:Cartesian dualism
4363:
4362:
4329:Scotistic realism
4286:Neo-scholasticism
4082:
4081:
4050:
4049:
4046:
4045:
3102:
3101:
3098:
3097:
3075:Scientific method
2932:Critical thinking
2847:
2846:
2829:Jacek Małachowski
2824:Jan Jędrzej Borch
2764:Jan Stefan Wydżga
2754:Andrzej Olszowski
2729:Andrzej Trzebicki
2724:Stefan Koryciński
2564:Andrzej Oporowski
2499:Janko z Czarnkowa
2135:978-83-214-1083-8
1956:M.J. Minakowski,
1914:WIEM Encyklopedia
1838:Stanisław Staszic
1795:
1794:
1728:
1727:
1613:Garrigou-Lagrange
922:Divine Attributes
515:and in 1791, the
340:Dederkały Wielkie
288:
287:
217:Polish philosophy
162:Philosophy career
77:Dederkały Wielkie
5041:
4959:Canons of Kraków
4876:
4875:
4874:
4864:
4863:
4688:Homo unius libri
4633:Cogito, ergo sum
4623:Cardinal virtues
4324:Moderate realism
4216:
4215:
4206:
4205:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4193:
4132:Cardinal virtues
4109:
4102:
4095:
4086:
4085:
4071:
4070:
3119:
3118:
3108:
3107:
3066:
3000:
2971:
2957:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2888:
2874:
2867:
2860:
2851:
2850:
2699:Jerzy Ossoliński
2629:Stanisław Miński
2624:Piotr Myszkowski
2614:Filip Padniewski
2584:Maciej Drzewicki
2534:Stanisław Ciołek
2479:Vice-chancellors
2472:
2465:
2458:
2449:
2448:
2428:
2420:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2385:
2366:
2356:
2350:
2342:
2338:
2327:
2326:
2324:
2322:
2299:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2288:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2256:
2254:
2228:
2205:
2193:Halina Zwolska,
2192:
2188:
2175:
2163:
2159:
2140:
2139:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2072:
2049:
2018:
2013:
2009:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1995:
1972:
1961:
1955:
1951:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1937:
1932:. pp. 12–14
1922:
1916:
1901:
1897:
1787:
1780:
1773:
1756:
1755:
1754:
1744:
1743:
1133:John of Damascus
1041:
1040:
871:Moderate realism
779:Cardinal virtues
751:
750:
746:
743:
742:
738:
735:
734:
710:
703:
702:
693:Powązki Cemetery
650:natural sciences
536:Stanisław August
498:Black Procession
471:Kołłątaj's Forge
370:. He studied in
362:, subsequently,
233:Kołłątaj's Forge
182:
170:
155:
115:
113:Powązki Cemetery
94:
91:28 February 1812
83:
72:
70:
40:
19:
18:
5049:
5048:
5044:
5043:
5042:
5040:
5039:
5038:
5024:Polish Jacobins
4889:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4872:
4870:
4858:
4850:
4811:Aristotelianism
4789:
4638:Dehellenization
4586:
4359:
4355:Foundationalism
4333:
4295:
4252:
4207:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4186:
4172:Social teaching
4118:
4113:
4083:
4078:
4077:
4064:
4042:
4004:
3906:
3863:
3842:
3789:
3758:
3754:Carvalho e Melo
3742:
3689:
3623:
3575:
3539:
3506:
3425:
3384:
3228:
3113:
3094:
3080:Spanish America
2954:Encyclopédistes
2917:Civil liberties
2894:
2883:
2878:
2848:
2843:
2814:Michał Wodzicki
2804:Jan Małachowski
2774:Jan Małachowski
2769:Jan Wielopolski
2759:Jan Leszczyński
2689:Tomasz Zamoyski
2485:
2476:
2435:
2398:
2396:Further reading
2393:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2357:
2353:
2340:
2339:
2330:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2300:
2296:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2266:
2262:
2252:
2250:
2248:
2229:
2208:
2202:Wayback Machine
2190:
2189:
2178:
2172:Wayback Machine
2161:
2160:
2143:
2136:
2120:
2116:
2101:
2097:
2084:
2080:
2070:
2068:
2066:
2050:
2021:
2011:
2010:
2003:
1993:
1991:
1989:
1973:
1964:
1953:
1952:
1945:
1935:
1933:
1924:
1923:
1919:
1910:Wayback Machine
1899:
1898:
1855:
1851:
1824:
1791:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1738:
1730:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1722:
1557:
1549:
1548:
1547:
1367:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1177:
1169:
1168:
1167:
1047:
1038:
1028:
1027:
935:
927:
926:
856:
846:
845:
819:Social teaching
774:
764:
748:
744:
740:
736:
732:
701:
608:Duchy of Warsaw
596:Polish Jacobins
564:
467:Patriotic Party
463:reform movement
443:
336:
331:
301:. He served as
293:, also spelled
251:
231:
215:
187:
183:
176:
168:
160:
135:Antoni Kołłątaj
111:
102:Duchy of Warsaw
96:
92:
75:
74:
68:
66:
46:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5047:
5037:
5036:
5031:
5026:
5021:
5016:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4991:
4986:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4966:
4961:
4956:
4951:
4946:
4941:
4936:
4931:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4906:
4901:
4884:
4883:
4881:
4880:
4868:
4855:
4852:
4851:
4849:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4808:
4803:
4797:
4795:
4791:
4790:
4788:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4765:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4735:
4730:
4725:
4720:
4715:
4713:Pascal's wager
4710:
4705:
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4680:
4675:
4673:Guardian angel
4670:
4665:
4660:
4655:
4650:
4645:
4640:
4635:
4630:
4625:
4620:
4615:
4610:
4605:
4600:
4594:
4592:
4588:
4587:
4585:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4544:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4449:
4444:
4439:
4434:
4429:
4424:
4419:
4414:
4409:
4404:
4399:
4394:
4389:
4384:
4379:
4373:
4371:
4365:
4364:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4347:
4341:
4339:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4331:
4326:
4321:
4316:
4311:
4305:
4303:
4297:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4262:
4260:
4254:
4253:
4251:
4250:
4245:
4240:
4235:
4230:
4228:Augustinianism
4224:
4222:
4213:
4209:
4208:
4189:
4187:
4185:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4137:Divine command
4134:
4128:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4112:
4111:
4104:
4097:
4089:
4080:
4079:
4076:
4075:
4057:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4051:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4014:
4012:
4006:
4005:
4003:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3916:
3914:
3908:
3907:
3905:
3904:
3899:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3871:
3865:
3864:
3862:
3861:
3856:
3850:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3841:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3810:
3805:
3799:
3797:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3759:
3757:
3756:
3750:
3748:
3744:
3743:
3741:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3699:
3697:
3691:
3690:
3688:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3631:
3629:
3625:
3624:
3622:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3577:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3538:
3537:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3516:
3514:
3508:
3507:
3505:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3433:
3431:
3427:
3426:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3413:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3390:
3386:
3385:
3383:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:
3352:
3347:
3342:
3337:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3267:
3262:
3257:
3252:
3247:
3242:
3236:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3226:
3224:Wollstonecraft
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3125:
3123:
3115:
3114:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3093:
3092:
3087:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3067:
3058:
3053:
3048:
3043:
3038:
3033:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3001:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2977:
2972:
2963:
2958:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2903:
2896:
2895:
2885:
2884:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2854:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2841:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2821:
2819:Maciej Garnysz
2816:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2731:
2726:
2721:
2716:
2711:
2706:
2701:
2696:
2694:Piotr Gembicki
2691:
2686:
2681:
2676:
2674:Andrzej Lipski
2671:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2651:
2646:
2644:Jan Borukowski
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2616:
2611:
2609:Jan Przerębski
2606:
2601:
2596:
2591:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2571:
2566:
2561:
2556:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2529:Jan Szafraniec
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2506:
2501:
2496:
2490:
2487:
2486:
2475:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2434:
2433:External links
2431:
2430:
2429:
2409:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2391:
2378:978-0865162457
2377:
2351:
2328:
2315:978-8302046155
2314:
2294:
2281:978-8302046155
2280:
2260:
2247:978-0781806374
2246:
2206:
2176:
2141:
2134:
2114:
2095:
2078:
2065:978-0313034565
2064:
2019:
2001:
1988:978-8302046155
1987:
1962:
1943:
1917:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1846:
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1820:
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1023:
1018:
1008:
1003:
1002:
1001:
996:
986:
981:
976:
971:
970:
969:
967:Friends of God
959:
954:
949:
948:
947:
940:Augustinianism
936:
933:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
919:
918:
917:
912:
905:Predestination
902:
897:
892:
878:
873:
868:
863:
857:
852:
851:
848:
847:
844:
843:
841:Works of mercy
838:
833:
828:
827:
826:
816:
811:
806:
801:
796:
791:
786:
781:
775:
770:
769:
766:
765:
752:
728:
727:
721:
720:
712:
711:
700:
697:
600:Tadeusz Czacki
563:
560:
552:Ignacy Potocki
442:
439:
360:Kraków Academy
335:
332:
330:
327:
286:
285:
282:
281:
278:
277:
252:
250:Main interests
249:
246:
245:
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137:
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117:
116:
109:
105:
104:
95:(aged 61)
89:
85:
84:
64:
60:
59:
54:
48:
47:
41:
33:
32:
26:
25:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5046:
5035:
5032:
5030:
5027:
5025:
5022:
5020:
5017:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5009:Polish exiles
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4990:
4987:
4985:
4982:
4980:
4977:
4975:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4927:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4907:
4905:
4902:
4900:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4879:
4869:
4867:
4862:
4857:
4856:
4853:
4847:
4846:Phenomenology
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4798:
4796:
4792:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4769:
4766:
4764:
4761:
4760:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4743:Rota Fortunae
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4721:
4719:
4716:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4703:Occam's razor
4701:
4699:
4696:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4683:Head of a pin
4681:
4679:
4676:
4674:
4671:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4644:
4641:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4629:
4626:
4624:
4621:
4619:
4616:
4614:
4611:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4598:Actus Essendi
4596:
4595:
4593:
4589:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4558:
4555:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4543:
4540:
4538:
4535:
4533:
4530:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4432:Chateaubriand
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4374:
4372:
4370:
4366:
4356:
4353:
4351:
4348:
4346:
4343:
4342:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4327:
4325:
4322:
4320:
4319:Conceptualism
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4306:
4304:
4302:
4298:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4263:
4261:
4259:
4255:
4249:
4246:
4244:
4241:
4239:
4236:
4234:
4233:Scholasticism
4231:
4229:
4226:
4225:
4223:
4221:
4217:
4214:
4210:
4183:
4182:Virtue ethics
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4167:Seven virtues
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4129:
4127:
4125:
4121:
4117:
4110:
4105:
4103:
4098:
4096:
4091:
4090:
4087:
4074:
4066:
4065:
4063:
4061:
4053:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4015:
4013:
4011:
4010:United States
4007:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3917:
3915:
3913:
3909:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3870:
3866:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3851:
3849:
3845:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3806:
3804:
3801:
3800:
3798:
3796:
3792:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3770:Budai-Deleanu
3768:
3767:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3752:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3700:
3698:
3696:
3692:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3632:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3617:
3615:
3612:
3610:
3607:
3605:
3602:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3582:
3578:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3548:
3546:
3542:
3536:
3533:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3517:
3515:
3513:
3509:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3428:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3412:
3409:
3407:
3404:
3402:
3399:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3361:
3358:
3356:
3353:
3351:
3348:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3336:
3333:
3331:
3328:
3326:
3323:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3271:
3268:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3258:
3256:
3253:
3251:
3248:
3246:
3243:
3241:
3238:
3237:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3150:
3147:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3134:Ashley-Cooper
3132:
3130:
3127:
3126:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3109:
3105:
3091:
3088:
3086:
3083:
3081:
3078:
3076:
3073:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3059:
3057:
3054:
3052:
3049:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3037:
3036:Progressivism
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3006:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2985:Individualism
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2970:
2969:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2955:
2950:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2904:
2901:
2897:
2890:
2886:
2882:
2875:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2861:
2856:
2855:
2852:
2840:
2837:
2835:
2834:Hugo Kołłątaj
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2820:
2817:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2722:
2720:
2717:
2715:
2714:Piotr Tylicki
2712:
2710:
2707:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2669:Henryk Firlej
2667:
2665:
2664:Feliks Kryski
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2650:
2649:Jan Tarnowski
2647:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2590:
2589:Piotr Tomicki
2587:
2585:
2582:
2580:
2577:
2575:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2565:
2562:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2519:Mikołaj Trąba
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2495:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2484:
2480:
2473:
2468:
2466:
2461:
2459:
2454:
2453:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2437:
2436:
2426:
2425:
2419:
2414:
2410:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2399:
2380:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2364:
2355:
2349:
2345:
2337:
2335:
2333:
2317:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2298:
2283:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2264:
2249:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2233:
2232:Jacek Jędruch
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2213:
2211:
2203:
2199:
2196:
2187:
2185:
2183:
2181:
2173:
2169:
2166:
2165:Hugo Kołłątaj
2158:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2137:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2106:
2099:
2091:
2090:
2082:
2067:
2061:
2057:
2056:
2048:
2046:
2044:
2042:
2040:
2038:
2036:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2028:
2026:
2024:
2016:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1984:
1980:
1979:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1959:
1950:
1948:
1931:
1927:
1921:
1915:
1911:
1907:
1904:
1903:Kołłątaj Hugo
1896:
1894:
1892:
1890:
1888:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1853:
1844:
1843:List of Poles
1841:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1831:
1829:
1826:
1825:
1819:
1817:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1804:
1800:
1788:
1783:
1781:
1776:
1774:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1749:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1649:
1646:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1560:
1553:
1552:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1418:Chateaubriand
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1389:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1379:
1376:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1363:
1362:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1283:Gundissalinus
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1226:
1224:
1221:
1219:
1216:
1214:
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1173:
1172:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1050:
1043:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1031:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1013:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
991:
990:
989:Scholasticism
987:
985:
982:
980:
979:Ressourcement
977:
975:
972:
968:
965:
964:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
946:
943:
942:
941:
938:
937:
931:
930:
923:
920:
916:
915:Compatibilism
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
890:
886:
882:
879:
877:
874:
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
861:Conceptualism
859:
858:
855:
850:
849:
842:
839:
837:
836:Virtue ethics
834:
832:
829:
825:
822:
821:
820:
817:
815:
812:
810:
807:
805:
802:
800:
797:
795:
792:
790:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
776:
773:
768:
767:
763:
759:
755:
730:
729:
726:
723:
722:
718:
714:
713:
709:
705:
704:
696:
694:
689:
687:
683:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
655:
651:
647:
643:
639:
632:
628:
623:
619:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
568:
559:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
524:
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
501:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
482:
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
447:
438:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
399:
394:
392:
388:
385:
384:Enlightenment
381:
377:
373:
369:
365:
361:
357:
353:
349:
348:Nieciesławice
345:
341:
326:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
283:
279:
276:
272:
268:
264:
260:
256:
253:
247:
244:
241:
237:
234:
230:
227:
225:
221:
218:
214:
211:
207:
204:
201:
197:
193:
190:
186:
180:
175:
172:
166:
163:
158:
154:
150:
146:
142:
138:
134:
130:
127:
124:
122:
118:
114:
110:
106:
103:
99:
90:
86:
82:
78:
65:
61:
58:
55:
53:
49:
45:
39:
34:
31:
27:
23:Hugo Kołłątaj
20:
4816:Neoplatonism
4738:Ressentiment
4733:Quinque viae
4698:Memento mori
4658:Double truth
4603:Actus primus
4369:Philosophers
4276:Cartesianism
4058:
3803:Catherine II
3702:
3255:Beaumarchais
3085:Universality
3056:Reductionism
3003:
2980:Human rights
2833:
2684:Jakub Zadzik
2639:Jan Zamoyski
2544:Wincenty Kot
2422:
2405:
2382:. Retrieved
2362:
2354:
2319:. Retrieved
2304:
2297:
2285:. Retrieved
2270:
2263:
2251:. Retrieved
2236:
2124:
2117:
2108:
2098:
2088:
2081:
2069:. Retrieved
2054:
1992:. Retrieved
1977:
1934:. Retrieved
1920:
1833:Piotr Skarga
1813:
1806:
1796:
1658:John Paul II
1583:Benedict XVI
1556:Contemporary
1447:
1036:Philosophers
957:Cartesianism
900:Quinque Viae
690:
677:
661:
646:physiocratic
637:
635:
580:Uprising Act
579:
573:
555:
525:
502:
490:liberum veto
485:
478:
452:
395:
337:
294:
290:
289:
275:anthropology
239:Institutions
169:Notable work
161:
121:Noble family
93:(1812-02-28)
73:1 April 1750
52:Coat of arms
44:Józef Peszka
42:Portrait by
29:
4904:1812 deaths
4899:1750 births
4836:Rationalism
4831:Renaissance
4763:Augustinian
4648:Disputation
4643:Differentia
4608:Actus purus
4512:Malebranche
4427:Bonaventure
4162:Personalism
4157:Natural law
4152:Probabilism
4060:Romanticism
3882:Charles III
3723:Poniatowski
3660:Leeuwenhoek
3640:de la Court
3628:Netherlands
3472:Mendelssohn
3467:Lichtenberg
3345:Montesquieu
3063:Sapere aude
3046:Rationalism
3041:Rationality
3031:Objectivity
2789:Jan Szembek
2784:Karol Tarło
2749:Jan Żniński
2744:Jan Gniński
2604:Jan Ocieski
2494:Jan z Buska
2341:(in Polish)
2191:(in Polish)
2162:(in Polish)
2012:(in Polish)
1954:(in Polish)
1900:(in Polish)
1803:Jan Matejko
1473:Malebranche
1333:Roscellinus
1278:Grosseteste
1238:Bonaventure
1058:Athenagoras
854:Metaphysics
814:Personalism
809:Natural law
804:Probabilism
699:Remembrance
627:Jordan Park
526:During the
496:during the
455:Referendary
374:and Italy (
368:holy orders
319:philosopher
177: [
4893:Categories
4841:Empiricism
4663:Evil demon
4437:Chesterton
4314:Nominalism
4301:Universals
4142:Just price
3902:Villarroel
3897:Jovellanos
3833:Radishchev
3780:Micu-Klein
3718:Niemcewicz
3685:Swammerdam
3675:Nieuwentyt
3665:Mandeville
3520:Farmakidis
3406:Burlamaqui
3315:La Mettrie
3290:Fontenelle
3245:d'Argenson
3240:d'Alembert
3164:Harrington
3090:Utopianism
2990:Liberalism
2947:Empiricism
2922:Classicism
2912:Capitalism
2799:Jan Lipski
2384:2 December
2109:Wybór pism
2071:2 December
1849:References
1653:Hildebrand
1593:Chesterton
1458:La Mennais
1388:Bellarmine
1383:Azpilcueta
1328:Paschasius
1208:Autrecourt
1163:Tertullian
1123:Chrysostom
1063:Athanasius
945:Victorines
876:Nominalism
784:Just price
670:geological
658:mineralogy
625:Kołłątaj,
616:Germanized
475:Great Sejm
408:priest of
387:philosophy
352:Sandomierz
334:Early life
271:mineralogy
69:1750-04-01
4806:Platonism
4780:Univocity
4678:Haecceity
4557:Ratzinger
4522:Montaigne
4502:MacIntyre
4457:Dionysius
4452:Descartes
4412:Augustine
4266:Salamanca
4023:Jefferson
3965:Hutcheson
3854:Obradović
3823:Lomonosov
3818:Kheraskov
3728:Śniadecki
3492:Weishaupt
3487:Thomasius
3477:Pufendorf
3320:Lavoisier
3305:d'Holbach
3300:Helvétius
3280:Descartes
3275:Condorcet
3270:Condillac
3204:Priestley
3021:Modernity
2942:Democracy
2559:Jan Lutek
2483:the Crown
2321:2 January
2287:2 January
2253:13 August
1994:2 January
1673:MacIntyre
1633:Gutiérrez
1603:Copleston
1573:Balthasar
1428:Descartes
1288:Hildegard
1273:Gregory I
1248:Catherine
1198:Alexander
1148:Dionysius
1068:Augustine
1021:Salamanca
895:Haecceity
799:Casuistry
668:based on
666:evolution
500:of 1789.
459:Lithuania
329:Biography
315:historian
313:thinker,
311:political
148:Signature
4768:Irenaean
4758:Theodicy
4728:Quiddity
4591:Concepts
4517:Maritain
4487:Krasicki
4477:Gassendi
4467:Eriugena
4422:Boethius
4397:Anscombe
4387:Albertus
4281:Molinism
4248:Occamism
4220:Medieval
4147:Just war
4073:Category
4018:Franklin
3985:Playfair
3955:Ferguson
3912:Scotland
3859:Mrazović
3813:Kantemir
3808:Fonvizin
3747:Portugal
3713:Krasicki
3708:Konarski
3703:Kołłątaj
3655:Koerbagh
3604:Genovesi
3589:Beccaria
3551:Berkeley
3482:Schiller
3447:Humboldt
3421:Saussure
3416:Rousseau
3380:Voltaire
3335:Maréchal
3310:Jaucourt
3265:Châtelet
3260:Chamfort
3209:Reynolds
3112:Thinkers
3016:Midlands
3005:Lumières
2975:Humanism
2968:Haskalah
2415:(1911).
2234:(1998).
2198:Archived
2168:Archived
2015:Historia
1906:Archived
1822:See also
1688:Maritain
1663:Lonergan
1643:Guardini
1568:Anscombe
1543:Caramuel
1453:Krasicki
1448:Kołłątaj
1403:Brentano
1263:Eriugena
1228:Berengar
1176:Medieval
1128:Climacus
1108:Irenaeus
1078:Boethius
1073:Benedict
1016:Analytic
984:Occamism
974:Molinism
952:Llullism
881:Quiddity
789:Just war
717:a series
715:Part of
642:equality
592:Treasury
449:Kołłątaj
420:and the
391:theology
344:Volhynia
323:polymath
307:Catholic
295:Kołłątay
255:Pedagogy
126:Kołłątaj
4794:Related
4582:Wojtyła
4562:Scheler
4507:Maistre
4497:Lombard
4482:Isidore
4462:Erasmus
4442:Clement
4407:Aquinas
4377:Abelard
4243:Scotism
4238:Thomism
4212:Schools
4028:Madison
4000:Stewart
3940:Burnett
3935:Boswell
3920:Beattie
3892:Moratín
3877:Cadalso
3828:Novikov
3763:Romania
3738:Wybicki
3733:Staszic
3680:Spinoza
3650:Huygens
3645:Grotius
3599:Galvani
3594:Galiani
3544:Ireland
3525:Feraios
3497:Wieland
3462:Lessing
3457:Leibniz
3430:Germany
3411:Prévost
3396:Abauzit
3360:Quesnay
3350:Morelly
3340:Meslier
3325:Leclerc
3285:Diderot
3174:Johnson
3149:Collins
3144:Bentham
3129:Addison
3122:England
3070:Science
2907:Atheism
1698:Mounier
1693:McLuhan
1648:Haldane
1588:Blondel
1538:Vitoria
1513:Rosmini
1488:Mercado
1483:Meinong
1478:Mariana
1468:Maistre
1463:Liguori
1443:Gracián
1438:Fénelon
1433:Erasmus
1413:Cajetan
1398:Bossuet
1373:Arnauld
1353:Thierry
1308:Lombard
1298:Isidore
1258:Eckhart
1243:Buridan
1233:Bernard
1213:Aquinas
1183:Abelard
1143:Maximus
1118:Cassian
1088:Cyprian
1083:Clement
1053:Ambrose
1046:Ancient
1011:Thomism
1006:Scotism
934:Schools
885:essence
866:Realism
754:Aquinas
654:geology
636:In his
548:Dresden
544:Leipzig
414:Tuczępy
356:Pińczów
350:, near
267:geology
259:history
57:Kotwica
4785:Utopia
4577:Suárez
4567:Scotus
4552:Rahner
4542:Pascal
4532:Newman
4472:Ficino
4402:Anselm
4392:Alcuin
4258:Modern
4124:Ethics
3980:Newton
3970:Hutton
3950:Cullen
3847:Serbia
3795:Russia
3785:Șincai
3695:Poland
3635:Bekker
3609:Pagano
3571:Toland
3535:Korais
3530:Kairis
3512:Greece
3442:Herder
3437:Goethe
3401:Bonnet
3389:Geneva
3375:Turgot
3365:Raynal
3355:Pascal
3295:Gouges
3233:France
3219:Tindal
3214:Sidney
3189:Newton
3184:Milton
3159:Godwin
3154:Gibbon
3051:Reason
2893:Topics
2443:Polona
2375:
2312:
2278:
2244:
2132:
2062:
1985:
1936:14 May
1718:Taylor
1708:Rahner
1703:Pieper
1683:Marion
1678:Marcel
1638:Dávila
1628:Girard
1623:Gilson
1608:Finnis
1598:Congar
1578:Barron
1528:Suárez
1508:Pascal
1503:Newman
1493:Molina
1423:Cortés
1408:Botero
1393:Bonald
1366:Modern
1348:Symeon
1338:Scotus
1323:Oresme
1318:Ockham
1313:Martin
1203:Anselm
1193:Alcuin
1188:Albert
1153:Origen
1138:Justin
1113:Jerome
889:nature
772:Ethics
762:Ockham
760:, and
758:Scotus
745:
737:
682:Jesuit
631:Kraków
618:form.
430:Polish
426:rector
406:parish
404:, and
402:Kraków
376:Naples
372:Vienna
321:, and
224:School
209:Region
140:Mother
132:Father
108:Buried
98:Warsaw
4613:Aevum
4572:Stein
4537:Occam
4492:Llull
4417:Bacon
4382:Adler
4338:Other
4038:Paine
4033:Mason
3995:Smith
3945:Burns
3930:Blair
3925:Black
3869:Spain
3775:Maior
3670:Meyer
3614:Verri
3581:Italy
3566:Swift
3561:Burke
3556:Boyle
3502:Wolff
3330:Mably
3250:Bayle
3199:Price
3179:Locke
3169:Hooke
3139:Bacon
2937:Deism
1713:Stein
1668:Lubac
1618:Geach
1563:Adler
1518:Sales
1378:Ávila
1343:Siger
1303:Llull
1268:Giles
1218:Bacon
1093:Cyril
676:. In
434:Latin
398:canon
181:]
81:Wołyń
4547:Pico
4527:More
4447:Cusa
3990:Reid
3975:Mill
3960:Hume
3619:Vico
3452:Kant
3370:Sade
3194:Pope
2386:2011
2373:ISBN
2323:2012
2310:ISBN
2289:2012
2276:ISBN
2255:2011
2242:ISBN
2130:ISBN
2073:2011
2060:ISBN
1996:2012
1983:ISBN
1938:2014
1533:Vico
1523:Soto
1498:More
1293:Hugh
1253:Cusa
1223:Bede
1158:Paul
656:and
546:and
494:king
432:for
412:and
380:Rome
378:and
88:Died
63:Born
2481:of
2369:194
999:Neo
590:'s
457:of
400:of
199:Era
4895::
2421:.
2404:,
2371:.
2346:,
2331:^
2209:^
2179:^
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2022:^
2004:^
1965:^
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1928:.
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1856:^
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