248:
75:
22:
182:. Britain, which had a large navy but a small army, was unable to deploy major forces on the Continent. Britain was a wealthy commercial power and so paid out millions of pounds to Allied nations, which could field much larger armies against the French. An example is the £1,500,000 paid to
197:
Large sums were made available for the purpose, sometimes as formal subsidies and sometimes as bribes for
European statesman. It was partly funded by the introduction of the
356:
187:
294:
205:. The policy was extremely costly but ultimately proved successful, as a coalition of European nations eventually defeated France in 1814.
194:
in 1793, an expedition to which the
British could contribute only men. Adjusted for inflation, this is equivalent to £273,000,000 in 2011.
267:
321:
222:
360:
331:
304:
277:
232:
61:
32:
118:
144:(Lawrence of Arabia) is reported to have made payments of gold sovereigns to Arab soldiers during the
134:
402:
202:
103:
79:
39:
122:
162:, the Cavalry of St George was a euphemism for large-scale bribery of Spanish officials in
90:
was the colloquial name of subsidies paid out by the
British government to other states in
8:
126:
389:
Harvey, Robert. The War of Wars: The Great
European Conflict, 1793-1815. Robinson (2007)
407:
327:
300:
273:
228:
163:
175:
95:
38:
The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of
269:
The Golden
Warrior: The Life and Legend of Lawrence of Arabia by Lawrence James
141:
43:
396:
224:
Fragile by Design: The
Political Origins of Banking Crises and Scarce Credit
159:
107:
357:"Bank of England | Education and Museum | Inflation Calculator"
191:
145:
137:, signed in April 1758, guaranteed Prussia a payment of £670,000 a year.
74:
296:
Trotsky's
Favourite Spy: The Life Of George Alexander Hill by Peter Day
198:
166:'s dictatorship to prevent Spain from joining the Germans in the war.
99:
178:, a number of states in Europe were allied with the British against
183:
130:
111:
106:
gold coins often used in those payments, which bore an image of
179:
149:
91:
121:, Britain kept Austria afloat by large subsidies owing to the
94:
in the 18th and the 19th centuries, particularly during the
383:
Esdaile, Charles. The
Peninsular War. Penguin Books (2003)
148:
in return for their co-operation, and he was nicknamed in
386:
Hague, William. William Pitt The Young. Perennial (2005)
221:
Calomiris, Charles W.; Haber, Stephen H. (2014-02-23).
133:, which was now allied against the Austrians. The
394:
220:
323:The Georgians in 100 Facts by Mike Rendell
62:Learn how and when to remove this message
73:
319:
395:
265:
155:, meaning "father of the horsemen".
15:
292:
114:, on horseback slaying the dragon.
13:
169:
14:
419:
249:"Image of British gold sovereign"
20:
326:. Amberley Publishing Limited.
349:
340:
313:
286:
266:James, Lawrence (2010-12-02).
259:
241:
227:. Princeton University Press.
214:
119:War of the Austrian Succession
1:
208:
102:and derives from the British
320:Rendell, Mike (2015-08-15).
7:
129:, Britain did the same for
88:Golden Cavalry of St George
10:
424:
377:
293:Day, Peter (2017-10-12).
135:Anglo-Prussian Convention
203:William Pitt the Younger
186:to commit troops to the
188:campaign against France
123:Anglo-Austrian Alliance
272:. Little, Brown Book.
110:, the patron saint of
83:
140:In more recent times
77:
78:Reverse of an 1817
201:by Prime Minister
84:
72:
71:
64:
415:
372:
371:
369:
368:
359:. Archived from
353:
347:
344:
338:
337:
317:
311:
310:
290:
284:
283:
263:
257:
256:
245:
239:
238:
218:
164:Francisco Franco
127:Seven Years' War
98:. The name is a
67:
60:
56:
53:
47:
24:
23:
16:
423:
422:
418:
417:
416:
414:
413:
412:
403:Napoleonic Wars
393:
392:
380:
375:
366:
364:
355:
354:
350:
345:
341:
334:
318:
314:
307:
291:
287:
280:
264:
260:
247:
246:
242:
235:
219:
215:
211:
176:Napoleonic Wars
172:
170:Napoleonic Wars
96:Napoleonic Wars
68:
57:
51:
48:
37:
31:has an unclear
25:
21:
12:
11:
5:
421:
411:
410:
405:
391:
390:
387:
384:
379:
376:
374:
373:
348:
339:
332:
312:
305:
285:
278:
258:
240:
233:
212:
210:
207:
171:
168:
142:T. E. Lawrence
70:
69:
33:citation style
28:
26:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
420:
409:
406:
404:
401:
400:
398:
388:
385:
382:
381:
363:on 2013-12-04
362:
358:
352:
343:
335:
333:9781445647814
329:
325:
324:
316:
308:
306:9781785903205
302:
298:
297:
289:
281:
279:9780748125340
275:
271:
270:
262:
254:
250:
244:
236:
234:9781400849925
230:
226:
225:
217:
213:
206:
204:
200:
195:
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
167:
165:
161:
156:
154:
151:
147:
143:
138:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
81:
76:
66:
63:
55:
45:
41:
35:
34:
29:This article
27:
18:
17:
365:. Retrieved
361:the original
351:
342:
322:
315:
299:. Biteback.
295:
288:
268:
261:
252:
243:
223:
216:
196:
173:
160:World War II
157:
152:
139:
116:
108:Saint George
87:
85:
58:
49:
30:
192:Netherlands
174:During the
153:Abu Khayyal
146:Arab Revolt
117:During the
397:Categories
367:2014-02-05
209:References
199:income tax
52:April 2012
44:footnoting
408:Diplomacy
346:Harvey p.
253:Alamy.com
125:. In the
104:sovereign
100:euphemism
80:sovereign
40:citation
378:Sources
190:in the
184:Austria
158:During
131:Prussia
112:England
330:
303:
276:
231:
180:France
150:Arabic
92:Europe
328:ISBN
301:ISBN
274:ISBN
229:ISBN
86:The
42:and
399::
251:.
370:.
336:.
309:.
282:.
255:.
237:.
82:.
65:)
59:(
54:)
50:(
46:.
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
