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This mudra has the left hand resting on the lap with the palm facing upwards, the right hand on the top of the left one (also with its palm facing upwards), and the two thumbs touching each other. Sometimes a bowl is placed above his palms. Here the meditating hand gesture represents a state of deep
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This gesture, "touching the earth" (Bhumisparsa) mudra, became Buddha
Akshobhya's mudra. The Buddha called upon mother earth to bear witness to his attainment of Enlightenment. To indicate this, he touched the earth with his right hand as witness to his perfection. This mudra is related to the
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Abhaya mudra represents the hand gesture of fearlessness and protection. The gesture of fearlessness and protection, usually shown as the left hand with palm turned outward and all fingers extended upwards. The symbolic meaning of the dispelling fear pose is an interpretation of the action of
923:, and probably paintings of which few have survived, they have more recently mostly been in painted form. Narrative scenes may show the Buddha in various poses, though they tend to show the Buddha in the same standing, seated or lying positions, with other figures or a
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In this mudra right hand lies open near his right knee. His left hand is seen holding an alms bowl. In
Sanskrit, Varada means "granting a boon". The gesture shows the right palm turned towards the receiver of boons, with the fingers pointed
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The clothing also varies with national styles. In East Asia it tends to follow local monastic dress, with the arms covered. In India early depictions, especially from hotter regions, such as
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Despite cultural and regional differences in the interpretations of texts about the life of
Gautama Buddha, there are some general guidelines to the attributes of a Buddharupa:
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Dharmachakra mudra has two hands held against the chest with the tips of the thumbs and forefingers of each hand united. This mudra represents a gesture of teaching.
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1337:
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Many people may be familiar with the "Happy" or "Laughing" Buddha, a different historical figure, who should not be confused with the images of
Gautama Buddha.
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A statue or a painting of Buddha always illustrates a mudra or gesture. There are large numbers of these, but a few are the oldest and most common. In
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usually depict a well-proportioned figure, but sometimes he is shown emaciated, in recollection of the Buddha's years of ascetic practices.
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this was much less the case, and figures of the historical Buddha remain the most common main images in temples and shrines to the present.
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1499:
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1955:
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The elongated earlobes are vestiges of his life as a prince, when he wore extravagant jewelry. The bump at the top of the head is the
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1425:
871:, not showing the person of Buddha except by symbols and relics. This changed, and figures of the Buddha became very common in the
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844:. These may be statues or other images such as paintings. The main figure in an image may be someone else who has obtained
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with anatomically well-proportioned and realistic figure of the Buddha. One of the most influential
Buddhist art was
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style. From India the depiction of Buddha spread to the rest of Asia. The
Buddharupas of India, Sri Lanka, Javanese
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have become increasingly common over the centuries, perhaps now outnumbering images of the historical Buddha.
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1191:, Buddha is often shown with very thin robes or topless, with most of the body uncovered, or appearing so.
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2010:
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developed, other figures from the expanding array of
Buddhist sacred persons became more prominent. In
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Early images were most often of Buddha standing, but seated meditating postures, essentially the
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1094:, is depicted as fat and happy, almost always shown smiling or laughing, and is associated with
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preaching. It is said that one gains fearlessness by following the
Bodhisattva path.
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1361:. United States Muay Thai Association Inc. 16 October 2004. Archived from
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Other times he is holding various symbolic objects, or making symbolic
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The image of
Buddhas started to emerge from the first century CE in
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950:, not the historical Buddha, though the depiction is very similar.
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268:
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155:(or "teaching position") show the moment that is represented.
1338:"Buddharupa: Observations on the Evolution of Buddha Image "
919:
or other sets, but may be much larger. Originally common in
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2138:
895:
841:
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1389:
908:, lying down, usually showing the moment of his death.
904:), or attributes shown. There are also statues of the
1276:
1039:
Depictions of the Buddha vary widely across cultures.
915:
tend to concentrate on standard groupings such as the
1306:"Buddha Mudra: Meanings of Five Dhyani Buddha Mudras"
1025:
and represents spirituality, wisdom, and awakening.
149:(c. 475 CE), India. The hands of the Buddha, in the
1101:
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1215:Iconography of Gautama Buddha in Laos and Thailand
1152:meditation and the unity of wisdom and compassion.
4365:
1433:
1005:Fingers and toes are elongated proportionately
1706:
1419:
785:
2488:Basic points unifying TheravÄda and MahÄyÄna
927:indicating what moment is being depicted.
913:narrative scenes from the life of the Buddha
821:
1713:
1699:
1426:
1412:
852:, especially in the various traditions of
808:uses depictions of the historical Buddha,
792:
778:
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
1359:"Thai birth day colors and Buddha image"
1090:, a Chinese Buddhist monk also known as
1059:. The art of Gandhara was influenced by
131:
3675:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
1125:Dharmachakra Buddha Mudra ā Vairochana:
14:
4366:
3878:List of Buddhist architecture in China
1675:
1375:An innovation of the Ayutthaya period.
1303:
1149:Dhyana Buddha Mudra ā Amitabha Buddha:
1028:
997:Physical characteristics of the Buddha
1694:
1407:
1386:A History of The World in 100 Objects
1285:from the original on 22 February 2014
1167:showing him reclining, represent his
1142:Varada Buddha Mudra ā Ratna Sambhava:
1131:Bhumisparsa Buddha Mudra ā Akshobhya:
1665:
58:adding citations to reliable sources
29:
1336:Nirmal C. Sinha (9 November 1990),
24:
3665:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
1330:
1156:Abhaya Buddha Mudra ā Amoghsiddhi:
243:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
238:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
25:
4390:
1645:Gautama Buddha in world religions
1351:
965:of Wat Traimit, Bangkok, Thailand
138:Buddha Preaching his First Sermon
4346:
4336:
4335:
3893:Thai temple art and architecture
3638:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
1878:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
1744:
1731:
1721:
1674:
1664:
1102:Postures, gestures and artifacts
1063:, leading to the development of
990:
970:
955:
946:, Japan, 1252. This represents
932:
759:
178:
34:
1745:
1382:"Borobudur Buddha head, No. 59"
1316:from the original on 2020-09-29
858:Buddhas and bodhisattvas in art
45:needs additional citations for
3883:Japanese Buddhist architecture
3685:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
2765:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
1956:Places where the Buddha stayed
1297:
1270:
1042:
13:
1:
3898:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
1264:
1252:Relics associated with Buddha
152:dharmachakra pravartana mudra
3655:Buddhism and the Roman world
3631:Decline of Buddhism in India
3626:History of Buddhism in India
1726: Topics in
1347:(New Series), pp. 18ā22
1304:Shakya, Amogh (2018-04-08).
1277:Victoria and Albert Museum.
869:largely or entirely aniconic
441:Buddhist Paths to liberation
27:Depictions of Gautama Buddha
7:
2853:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
2593:
1279:"Iconography of the Buddha"
1209:Dhammacakkappavattana Sutta
1194:
815:
10:
4395:
3803:The unanswerable questions
1105:
1032:
994:
4331:
4283:
4198:
4113:
3888:Buddhist temples in Korea
3811:
3713:
3596:
3293:
3221:
3048:
2921:
2861:
2496:
2451:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
2362:
2354:Three planes of existence
2302:
2147:
2039:
1969:
1961:Buddha in world religions
1823:
1768:
1740:
1660:
1446:
981:statue in Buddha Park of
3670:Persecution of Buddhists
2891:Four stages of awakening
2272:Three marks of existence
1858:Physical characteristics
1591:Physical characteristics
1345:, Volume 26, Numbers 1ā3
1173:or departure into final
831:Form of the Awakened One
3033:Ten principal disciples
1916:(aunt, adoptive mother)
1488:ten principal disciples
863:In its first centuries
461:Philosophical reasoning
3743:Buddhism and democracy
3256:Tibetan Buddhist canon
3251:Chinese Buddhist canon
2483:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
2478:Early Buddhist schools
1343:Bulletin of Tibetology
228:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
156:
3753:Eight Consciousnesses
1863:Life of Buddha in art
1236:Mahaparinibbana Sutta
1098:, the future Buddha.
1033:Further information:
812:, which are known as
496:Aids to Enlightenment
321:Dependent Origination
135:
4379:Buddhist iconography
4230:East Asian religions
3660:Buddhism in the West
3231:Early Buddhist texts
2846:Four Right Exertions
2312:Ten spiritual realms
1805:Noble Eightfold Path
1466:Noble Eightfold Path
1202:Anattalakkhaį¹a Sutta
466:Devotional practices
289:Noble Eightfold Path
54:improve this article
4353:Religion portal
4100:Temple of the Tooth
3979:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
3018:UpÄsaka and UpÄsikÄ
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2294:Two truths doctrine
2114:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1914:Mahapajapati Gotamī
1525:Mahapajapati Gotami
1242:Meditation Attitude
1230:MÄravijaya Attitude
1136:Maravijaya attitude
1029:Regional variations
1008:Long, aquiline nose
766:Buddhism portal
639:Buddhism by country
401:Sanskrit literature
4275:Western philosophy
3873:Dzong architecture
3695:Vipassana movement
3690:Buddhist modernism
3118:Emperor Wen of Sui
2886:PratyekabuddhayÄna
2819:Threefold Training
2621:Vipassana movement
2337:Hungry Ghost realm
2157:AvidyÄ (Ignorance)
2104:Puį¹į¹a MantÄnÄ«putta
1853:Great Renunciation
1848:Eight Great Events
1730:
1505:Great Renunciation
1500:Eight Great Events
1258:SamaƱƱaphala Sutta
1247:Naga Prok Attitude
1071:art and the later
1065:Greco-Buddhist art
1011:Elongated earlobes
940:Giant Amida Buddha
917:Eight Great Events
885:Theravada Buddhism
253:Buddhist modernism
157:
4361:
4360:
3999:Om mani padme hum
3705:Women in Buddhism
3621:Buddhist councils
3491:Western countries
3279:MadhyamakÄlaį¹kÄra
3040:Shaolin Monastery
2617:Samatha-vipassanÄ
2227:PratÄ«tyasamutpÄda
2031:Metteyya/Maitreya
1949:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1917:
1909:
1901:
1778:Four Noble Truths
1688:
1687:
1461:Four Noble Truths
1310:Shakya Handicraft
1114:Mahayana Buddhism
1061:Ancient Greek art
1014:Head protuberance
881:esoteric Buddhism
854:Mahayana Buddhism
802:
801:
284:Four Noble Truths
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
4386:
4351:
4350:
4339:
4338:
4178:Sacred languages
4026:Maya Devi Temple
3989:Mahabodhi Temple
3793:Secular Buddhism
3758:Engaged Buddhism
2598:
2446:Tibetan Buddhism
2397:Vietnamese Thiį»n
1996:MahÄsthÄmaprÄpta
1947:
1939:
1931:
1923:
1915:
1907:
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1747:
1735:
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1715:
1708:
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1564:pilgrimage sites
1559:Mahabodhi Temple
1428:
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1274:
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959:
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906:Reclining Buddha
835:
832:
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780:
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763:
491:Sublime abidings
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3846:Ordination hall
3807:
3709:
3680:Buddhist crisis
3592:
3289:
3241:Mahayana sutras
3217:
3213:ThĆch Nhįŗ„t Hįŗ”nh
3044:
2917:
2857:
2807:Bodhisattva vow
2492:
2358:
2298:
2257:Taį¹hÄ (Craving)
2192:Five hindrances
2143:
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1331:Further reading
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1051:, developed in
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1017:Broad shoulders
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985:, Sikkim, India
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873:art of Gandhara
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751:
750:
641:
631:
630:
581:
571:
570:
536:
526:
525:
431:
421:
420:
391:Mahayana Sutras
371:
361:
360:
301:Five Aggregates
279:
278:
258:
257:
248:Later Buddhists
213:
126:
115:
109:
106:
69:"Buddha in art"
63:
61:
51:
39:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4392:
4382:
4381:
4376:
4359:
4358:
4356:
4355:
4343:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4289:
4287:
4281:
4280:
4278:
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4242:
4237:
4232:
4227:
4226:
4225:
4220:
4210:
4204:
4202:
4196:
4195:
4193:
4192:
4191:
4190:
4185:
4175:
4170:
4165:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4119:
4117:
4111:
4110:
4108:
4107:
4102:
4097:
4096:
4095:
4090:
4085:
4080:
4075:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4044:
4043:
4038:
4033:
4028:
4023:
4013:
4008:
4003:
4002:
4001:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3975:
3974:
3969:
3964:
3959:
3954:
3944:
3939:
3934:
3929:
3924:
3919:
3914:
3913:
3912:
3910:Greco-Buddhist
3902:
3901:
3900:
3895:
3890:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3864:
3863:
3861:Burmese pagoda
3853:
3848:
3843:
3838:
3833:
3828:
3817:
3815:
3809:
3808:
3806:
3805:
3800:
3795:
3790:
3785:
3780:
3775:
3770:
3765:
3760:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3719:
3717:
3711:
3710:
3708:
3707:
3702:
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3651:
3650:
3643:Greco-Buddhism
3640:
3635:
3634:
3633:
3623:
3618:
3613:
3608:
3602:
3600:
3594:
3593:
3591:
3590:
3589:
3588:
3583:
3578:
3576:United Kingdom
3573:
3568:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3523:
3521:Czech Republic
3518:
3513:
3508:
3503:
3498:
3488:
3487:
3486:
3481:
3471:
3470:
3469:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3452:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3411:
3410:
3400:
3395:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3299:
3297:
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3285:Abhidharmadīpa
3282:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3258:
3253:
3248:
3243:
3238:
3233:
3227:
3225:
3219:
3218:
3216:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3203:B. R. Ambedkar
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3123:Songtsen Gampo
3120:
3115:
3110:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3054:
3052:
3046:
3045:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3036:
3035:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2999:
2998:
2988:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2968:
2963:
2958:
2953:
2948:
2943:
2938:
2933:
2927:
2925:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2914:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2888:
2883:
2878:
2873:
2867:
2865:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2855:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2838:
2837:
2836:
2831:
2826:
2816:
2815:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2802:Eight precepts
2799:
2789:
2788:
2787:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2762:
2761:
2760:
2750:
2745:
2740:
2739:
2738:
2733:
2728:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2681:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2669:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2624:
2614:
2609:
2604:
2599:
2590:
2580:
2575:
2573:Five Strengths
2570:
2565:
2560:
2555:
2550:
2545:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2533:
2528:
2523:
2513:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2494:
2493:
2491:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2438:
2437:
2436:
2431:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2406:
2401:
2400:
2399:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2368:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2357:
2356:
2351:
2350:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2329:
2324:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2291:
2290:
2289:
2284:
2279:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2219:
2214:
2212:Mental factors
2209:
2204:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2153:
2151:
2145:
2144:
2142:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2121:
2116:
2111:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2091:
2086:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2064:MahamoggallÄna
2061:
2056:
2051:
2045:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1979:AvalokiteÅvara
1975:
1973:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1958:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1943:
1935:
1927:
1919:
1911:
1903:
1890:
1885:
1880:
1875:
1870:
1865:
1860:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1840:
1835:
1829:
1827:
1821:
1820:
1818:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1800:
1795:
1790:
1780:
1774:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1741:
1738:
1737:
1718:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1695:
1686:
1685:
1683:
1682:
1672:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1655:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1642:
1637:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1613:
1608:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1532:
1527:
1522:
1517:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1491:
1490:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1456:Core teachings
1453:
1447:
1444:
1443:
1439:Gautama Buddha
1431:
1430:
1423:
1416:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1378:
1353:
1352:External links
1350:
1349:
1348:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1326:
1296:
1268:
1266:
1263:
1262:
1261:
1254:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1232:
1227:
1225:Leela Attitude
1222:
1220:Knowing Buddha
1217:
1212:
1205:
1196:
1193:
1189:art of Mathura
1161:
1160:
1153:
1146:
1139:
1128:
1118:Dhyani Buddhas
1103:
1100:
1044:
1041:
1030:
1027:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1006:
992:
989:
988:
987:
979:Gautama Buddha
976:
969:
967:
961:
954:
952:
938:
931:
892:lotus position
879:. As forms of
810:Gautama Buddha
800:
799:
797:
796:
789:
782:
774:
771:
770:
769:
768:
753:
752:
749:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
673:
668:
663:
658:
653:
648:
642:
637:
636:
633:
632:
629:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
593:
588:
582:
577:
576:
573:
572:
569:
568:
563:
558:
556:Pratyekabuddha
553:
548:
543:
537:
532:
531:
528:
527:
524:
523:
518:
513:
511:Buddhist chant
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
432:
427:
426:
423:
422:
419:
418:
413:
408:
403:
398:
393:
388:
383:
378:
372:
369:Buddhist texts
367:
366:
363:
362:
359:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
313:
308:
303:
298:
297:
296:
286:
280:
277:
276:
271:
265:
264:
263:
260:
259:
256:
255:
250:
245:
240:
235:
230:
225:
220:
214:
209:
208:
205:
204:
203:
202:
197:
192:
184:
183:
175:
174:
168:
167:
128:
127:
42:
40:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4391:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4371:
4369:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4342:
4334:
4333:
4330:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4314:
4311:
4309:
4306:
4304:
4301:
4299:
4296:
4294:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4282:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4246:
4243:
4241:
4238:
4236:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4224:
4221:
4219:
4216:
4215:
4214:
4211:
4209:
4206:
4205:
4203:
4201:
4197:
4189:
4186:
4184:
4181:
4180:
4179:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4164:
4161:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4120:
4118:
4116:
4115:Miscellaneous
4112:
4106:
4105:Vegetarianism
4103:
4101:
4098:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4084:
4081:
4079:
4076:
4074:
4071:
4070:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4042:
4039:
4037:
4034:
4032:
4029:
4027:
4024:
4022:
4019:
4018:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3992:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3973:
3970:
3968:
3965:
3963:
3960:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3945:
3943:
3940:
3938:
3935:
3933:
3930:
3928:
3927:Buddha in art
3925:
3923:
3920:
3918:
3915:
3911:
3908:
3907:
3906:
3903:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3862:
3859:
3858:
3857:
3854:
3852:
3849:
3847:
3844:
3842:
3839:
3837:
3834:
3832:
3829:
3827:
3824:
3823:
3822:
3819:
3818:
3816:
3814:
3810:
3804:
3801:
3799:
3796:
3794:
3791:
3789:
3786:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3774:
3771:
3769:
3766:
3764:
3761:
3759:
3756:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3720:
3718:
3716:
3712:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3649:
3646:
3645:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3632:
3629:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3622:
3619:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3607:
3604:
3603:
3601:
3599:
3595:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3581:United States
3579:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3512:
3509:
3507:
3504:
3502:
3499:
3497:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3489:
3485:
3482:
3480:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3472:
3468:
3465:
3464:
3463:
3460:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3408:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3386:
3384:
3381:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3369:
3366:
3364:
3361:
3359:
3356:
3354:
3351:
3349:
3346:
3344:
3341:
3339:
3336:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3324:
3321:
3319:
3316:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3304:
3301:
3300:
3298:
3296:
3292:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3252:
3249:
3247:
3244:
3242:
3239:
3237:
3234:
3232:
3229:
3228:
3226:
3224:
3220:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3138:Padmasambhava
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3109:
3106:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3055:
3053:
3051:
3050:Major figures
3047:
3041:
3038:
3034:
3031:
3030:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2997:
2996:Western tulku
2994:
2993:
2992:
2989:
2987:
2984:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2967:
2964:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2947:
2944:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2924:
2920:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2889:
2887:
2884:
2882:
2879:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2868:
2866:
2864:
2860:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2842:
2839:
2835:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2820:
2817:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2797:Five precepts
2795:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2786:
2783:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2775:Dhamma vicaya
2773:
2771:
2768:
2767:
2766:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2754:
2751:
2749:
2746:
2744:
2741:
2737:
2734:
2732:
2729:
2727:
2724:
2723:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2699:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2686:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2668:
2665:
2663:
2660:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2650:
2648:
2645:
2643:
2640:
2638:
2635:
2633:
2630:
2628:
2625:
2622:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
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1365:on 2010-01-13
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963:Golden Buddha
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446:Five precepts
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411:Chinese canon
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71: ā
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
4374:Buddhist art
4293:Bodhisattvas
4213:Christianity
4208:BahĆ”Ź¼Ć Faith
4073:Dharmachakra
4063:Prayer wheel
4053:Prayer beads
3926:
3821:Architecture
3700:969 Movement
3484:Saudi Arabia
3462:Central Asia
3455:South Africa
3277:
3260:
3193:Panchen Lama
3098:BuddhapÄlita
2694:Satipatthana
2689:Mindful Yoga
2602:Recollection
2516:Brahmavihara
2387:Japanese Zen
2382:Chinese Chan
2342:Animal realm
2149:Key concepts
1971:Bodhisattvas
1783:Three Jewels
1622:
1393:. Retrieved
1385:
1374:
1367:. Retrieved
1363:the original
1342:
1318:. Retrieved
1309:
1299:
1287:. Retrieved
1272:
1256:
1234:
1207:
1200:
1186:
1184:(gestures).
1179:
1168:
1162:
1155:
1148:
1141:
1130:
1124:
1111:
1091:
1085:
1046:
1038:
1035:Buddhist art
1020:
1000:
924:
910:
899:
889:
862:
850:boddhisattva
813:
806:Buddhist art
803:
471:Merit making
436:Three Jewels
376:Buddhavacana
306:Impermanence
294:Dharma wheel
150:
147:Gupta period
137:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
4138:Dharma talk
3967:Asalha Puja
3763:Eschatology
3566:Switzerland
3546:New Zealand
3474:Middle East
3383:Philippines
3303:Afghanistan
3108:Bodhidharma
3093:Buddhaghosa
3013:Householder
2923:Monasticism
2876:Bodhisattva
2731:Prostration
2684:Mindfulness
2612:Anapanasati
2595:Kammaį¹į¹hÄna
2392:Korean Seon
2332:Asura realm
2327:Human realm
2267:Ten Fetters
2222:Parinirvana
2124:Uppalavanna
2089:MahÄkaccana
2074:MahÄkassapa
2006:Kį¹£itigarbha
2001:ÄkÄÅagarbha
1898:SuddhodÄna
1843:Four sights
1770:Foundations
1635:Iconography
1628:life in art
1495:Four sights
1289:18 February
1170:Parinirvana
1049:North India
1043:Proportions
706:New Zealand
561:Bodhisattva
546:Four Stages
501:Monasticism
481:Mindfulness
451:Perfections
381:Early Texts
4368:Categories
4255:Psychology
4235:Gnosticism
4223:Comparison
4218:Influences
4200:Comparison
4083:Bhavacakra
4041:Kushinagar
4016:Pilgrimage
3962:MÄgha PÅ«jÄ
3917:Bodhi Tree
3733:Buddhology
3723:Abhidharma
3715:Philosophy
3648:Menander I
3516:Costa Rica
3467:Uzbekistan
3308:Bangladesh
3262:Dhammapada
3246:Pali Canon
3208:Ajahn Chah
3188:Dalai Lama
3088:KumÄrajÄ«va
3083:Vasubandhu
3058:The Buddha
2966:Zen master
2901:Sakadagami
2881:Buddhahood
2812:Pratimokį¹£a
2627:Shikantaza
2583:Meditation
2558:Deity yoga
2429:Madhyamaka
2322:Deva realm
2217:Mindstream
2167:Bodhicitta
2079:Aį¹
gulimÄla
1946:Devadatta
1922:YaÅodharÄ
1825:The Buddha
1815:Middle Way
1555:Bodhi Tree
1520:Åuddhodana
1471:Middle Way
1435:The Buddha
1320:2020-08-21
1265:References
1177:at death.
1163:Images of
1145:downwards.
1106:See also:
995:See also:
846:Buddhahood
816:Buddharūpa
579:Traditions
516:Pilgrimage
456:Meditation
416:Post-canon
396:PÄli Canon
326:Middle Way
223:The Buddha
80:newspapers
18:Buddharupa
4323:Festivals
4303:Buddhists
4265:Theosophy
4068:Symbolism
4058:Hama yumi
4031:Bodh Gaya
3798:Socialism
3773:Evolution
3748:Economics
3586:Venezuela
3501:Australia
3496:Argentina
3420:Sri Lanka
3415:Singapore
3333:Indonesia
3295:Countries
3236:Tripiį¹aka
3198:Ajahn Mun
3073:Nagarjuna
3068:AÅvaghoį¹£a
2951:AnagÄrika
2946:ÅrÄmaį¹erÄ«
2941:ÅrÄmaį¹era
2936:Bhikkhunī
2896:SotÄpanna
2785:Passaddhi
2726:Offerings
2701:Nekkhamma
2578:Iddhipada
2498:Practices
2468:Theravada
2441:Vajrayana
2434:Yogachara
2404:Pure Land
2317:Six Paths
2304:Cosmology
2084:Anuruddha
2059:SÄriputta
2049:Kaundinya
2041:Disciples
2016:VajrapÄį¹i
1868:Footprint
1833:TathÄgata
1680:Wikiquote
1616:footprint
1551:Bodh Gaya
1530:YaÅodharÄ
1483:Disciples
1077:Sailendra
1073:Amaravati
877:Gupta art
726:Sri Lanka
716:Singapore
671:Indonesia
611:VajrayÄna
586:TheravÄda
541:Awakening
429:Practices
386:Tripiį¹aka
356:Cosmology
331:Emptiness
311:Suffering
110:June 2018
4341:Category
4270:Violence
4240:Hinduism
4188:Sanskrit
4143:Hinayana
4128:AmitÄbha
4088:Swastika
3957:Uposatha
3947:Holidays
3932:Calendar
3778:Humanism
3616:Kanishka
3606:Timeline
3430:Thailand
3398:Kalmykia
3393:Buryatia
3378:Pakistan
3363:Mongolia
3358:Maldives
3353:Malaysia
3318:Cambodia
3183:Shamarpa
3178:Nichiren
3128:Xuanzang
3063:Nagasena
2981:Rinpoche
2711:PÄramitÄ
2553:Devotion
2473:Navayana
2461:Dzogchen
2424:Nichiren
2372:Mahayana
2364:Branches
2242:Saį¹
khÄra
1991:MaƱjuÅrÄ«
1948:(cousin)
1940:(cousin)
1908:(mother)
1900:(father)
1888:Miracles
1838:Birthday
1755:Glossary
1728:Buddhism
1650:Hinduism
1586:Prophecy
1576:Birthday
1571:Miracles
1451:Buddhism
1395:2 August
1314:Archived
1283:Archived
1195:See also
1096:Maitreya
1053:Gandhara
1023:ushnisha
983:Ravangla
948:AmitÄbha
944:Kamakura
911:Sets of
865:Buddhism
856:. Other
838:Sanskrit
736:Thailand
696:Mongolia
691:Malaysia
656:Cambodia
621:Navayana
601:Hinayana
596:MahÄyÄna
506:Lay life
336:Morality
316:Not-self
274:Concepts
233:Councils
218:Timeline
190:Glossary
172:Buddhism
164:a series
162:Part of
4318:Temples
4298:Buddhas
4260:Science
4250:Judaism
4245:Jainism
4163:Lineage
4123:AbhijƱÄ
4093:Thangka
4036:Sarnath
4021:Lumbini
3942:Funeral
3937:Cuisine
3813:Culture
3788:Reality
3738:Creator
3728:Atomism
3598:History
3571:Ukraine
3531:Germany
3450:Senegal
3440:Vietnam
3368:Myanmar
3168:Shinran
3158:Karmapa
3133:Shandao
3103:DignÄga
3028:ÅrÄvaka
3008:Donchee
3003:Kappiya
2961:Sayadaw
2931:Bhikkhu
2906:AnÄgÄmi
2863:Nirvana
2829:Samadhi
2716:Paritta
2657:Tonglen
2652:Mandala
2607:Smarana
2588:Mantras
2536:Upekkha
2506:Bhavana
2456:Shingon
2409:Tiantai
2262:TathÄtÄ
2252:ÅÅ«nyatÄ
2247:Skandha
2237:Saį¹sÄra
2232:Rebirth
2207:Kleshas
2197:Indriya
2099:Subhūti
1984:Guanyin
1938:Änanda
1930:RÄhula
1810:Nirvana
1750:Outline
1670:Commons
1547:Lumbini
1476:Sayings
1369:6 April
1175:nirvana
1057:Mathura
921:reliefs
848:, or a
825:
746:Vietnam
701:Myanmar
616:Tibetan
606:Chinese
534:NirvÄį¹a
351:Saį¹sÄra
346:Rebirth
211:History
200:Outline
143:Sarnath
141:, from
94:scholar
4313:Sutras
4308:Suttas
4173:Siddhi
4158:Koliya
4133:BrahmÄ
4048:Poetry
3994:Mantra
3984:Kasaya
3856:Pagoda
3836:Kyaung
3831:VihÄra
3826:Temple
3768:Ethics
3611:Ashoka
3561:Sweden
3556:Poland
3551:Norway
3541:Mexico
3526:France
3511:Canada
3506:Brazil
3445:Africa
3425:Taiwan
3388:Russia
3313:Bhutan
3273:Vinaya
3153:Naropa
3143:Saraha
3078:Asanga
2834:PrajƱÄ
2743:Refuge
2706:Nianfo
2667:Tertƶn
2662:Tantra
2647:Ganana
2637:Tukdam
2563:DhyÄna
2531:Mudita
2526:Karuį¹Ä
2419:Risshū
2414:Huayan
2347:Naraka
2287:AnattÄ
2282:Dukkha
2277:Anicca
2182:Dharma
2134:Channa
2069:Änanda
2054:Assaji
2021:Skanda
1924:(wife)
1893:Family
1873:Relics
1798:Sangha
1793:Dharma
1788:Buddha
1606:Cetiya
1601:Relics
1542:Places
1535:RÄhula
1510:Family
1182:mudras
1165:Buddha
977:Large
731:Taiwan
711:Russia
651:Brazil
646:Bhutan
566:Buddha
486:Wisdom
269:Dharma
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
4285:Lists
4153:Kalpa
4148:Iddhi
4011:Music
4006:Mudra
3972:Vassa
3952:Vesak
3922:Budai
3868:Candi
3851:Stupa
3783:Logic
3536:Italy
3435:Tibet
3373:Nepal
3343:Korea
3338:Japan
3328:India
3323:China
3268:Sutra
3223:Texts
3173:DÅgen
3163:HÅnen
3148:AtiÅa
3113:Zhiyi
3023:Achar
2991:Tulku
2986:Geshe
2971:RÅshi
2956:Ajahn
2911:Arhat
2871:Bodhi
2841:VÄ«rya
2758:Sacca
2753:Satya
2748:SÄdhu
2736:Music
2679:Merit
2672:Terma
2632:Zazen
2568:Faith
2521:MettÄ
2202:Karma
2162:Bardo
2129:Asita
2119:Khema
2109:UpÄli
2094:Nanda
1932:(son)
1906:MÄyÄ
1883:Films
1760:Index
1640:Films
1611:tooth
1596:Death
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1108:Mudra
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1088:Budai
1069:Gupta
925:mudra
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741:Tibet
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661:China
626:Newar
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4183:PÄįø·i
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1397:2014
1371:2011
1291:2014
1079:and
1055:and
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875:and
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840:and
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686:Laos
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3905:Art
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