568:
1015:. In the United States, these commonly have a capacity of 55 US gallons (208 L) and are referred to as such. They are called 200 litre or 200 kg drums outside the United States. In the United Kingdom and its former dependencies, a 44-imperial-gallon (200 L) drum was used, even though all those countries now officially use the metric system and the drums are filled to 200 litres. In the United States, the 42 US-gallon size as a unit of measure is largely confined to the oil industry, while different sizes of barrel are used in other industries. Nearly all other countries use the
970:, the first oil well in the US, was drilled in Pennsylvania in 1859, and an oil boom followed in the 1860s. When oil production began, there was no standard container for oil, so oil and petroleum products were stored and transported in barrels of different shapes and sizes. Some of these barrels would originally have been used for other products, such as beer, fish, molasses, or turpentine. Both the 42-US-gallon (159 L) barrels (based on the old English wine measure), the
29:
466:
718:). But due to tradition, the Mbbl acronym is used today meaning "one thousand bbl", as a heritage of the roman number "M" for Latin "mille" meaning "one thousand". On the other hand, there are efforts to avoid this ambiguity, and most of the barrel dealers today prefer to use kbbl, instead of Mbbl, mbbl, MMbbl or mmbbl.
902:
wells, in the United States it is common to refer to the injectivity rate in barrels of water per day (bwd). In Canada, it is measured in cubic metres per day (m/d). In general, water injection rates will be stated in the same units as oil production rates, since the usual objective is to replace the
867:
A barrel can technically be used to specify any volume. Since the actual nature of the fluids being measured varies along the stream, sometimes qualifiers are used to clarify what is being specified. In the oil field, it is often important to differentiate between rates of production of fluids, which
805:
Burning one tonne of light, synthetic, or heavy crude yields 38.51, 39.40, or 40.90 GJ (thermal) respectively (10.70, 10.94, or 11.36 MW·h), so 1 tonne per day of synthetic crude is about 456 kW of thermal power and 1 bpd of synthetic crude is about 378 kW (slightly less
999:
Whereas, It is conceded by all producers of crude petroleum on Oil Creek that the present system of selling crude oil by the barrel, without regard to the size, is injurious to the oil trade, alike to the buyer and seller, as buyers, with an ordinary sized barrel cannot compete with those with large
982:
Around 1866, early oil producers in
Pennsylvania concluded that shipping oil in a variety of different containers was causing buyer distrust. They decided they needed a standard unit of measure to convince buyers that they were getting a fair volume for their money, and settled on the standard wine
923:
meters on the border, since the volumes are specified at different temperatures, and the exact conversion factor depends on both density and temperature. Canadian companies operate internally and report to
Canadian governments in cubic metres, but often convert to US barrels for the benefit of
830:
of 35), warming the oil from 59 °F (15 °C) to 60 °F (16 °C) might increase its volume by about 0.047%. Conversely, a heavy oil with a density of 934 kg/m (API gravity of 20) might only increase in volume by 0.039%. If physically measuring the density at a new temperature is
951:). In contrast, one tonne of crude oil might occupy 6.5 barrels (1,030 litres; 273 US gallons), and one tonne of gasoline will require 7.9 barrels (1,260 litres; 332 US gallons). Overall, the conversion is usually between 6 and 8 barrels (954 and 1,270 litres; 252 and 336 US gallons) per tonne.
835:
can be used to accurately predict the change in density. In turn, this allows maximum accuracy when converting between standard barrel and standard cubic metre. The logic above also implies the same level of accuracy in measurements for barrels if there is a 1 °F (0.56 °C) error in
822:
and 15 °C (59.0 °F)), occupies 1 cubic metre. The fact that the refence conditions are not exactly the same means that an exact conversion is impossible unless the exact expansion coefficient of the crude is known, and this will vary from one crude oil to another.
919:. In Canada, oil companies measure oil in cubic metres, but convert to barrels on export, since most of Canada's oil production is exported to the US. The nominal conversion factor is 1 cubic metre = 6.2898 oil barrels, but conversion is generally done by
68:, and so forth. For historical reasons the volumes of some barrel units are roughly double the volumes of others; volumes in common use range approximately from 100 to 200 litres (22 to 44 imp gal; 26 to 53 US gal). In many connections the term
1007:
By 1872, the standard oil barrel was firmly established as 42 US-gallons. The 42 gallon standard oil barrel was officially adopted by the
Petroleum Producers Association in 1872 and by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines in 1882.
868:
may be a mix of oil and water, and rates of production of the oil itself. If a well is producing 10 MBD (millions of barrels per day) of fluids with a 20% water cut, then the well would also be said to be producing 8,000 barrels of oil a day (bod).
1000:
ones. We, therefore, mutually agree and bind ourselves that from this date we will sell no crude by the barrel or package, but by the gallon only. An allowance of two gallons will be made on the gauge of each and every 40 gallons in favor of the buyer.
394:
in the US is based loosely on fractions of the US beer barrel. When referring to beer barrels or kegs in many countries, the term may be used for the commercial package units independent of actual volume, where common range for professional use is
209: in (43 cm), distance between heads 26 in (66 cm), circumference of bulge 64 in (160 cm) outside measurement; representing as nearly as possible 7,056 cubic inches; and the thickness of staves not greater than
440:
as holding 42 wine gallons. Custom had made the 42 gallon watertight tierce a standard container for shipping eel, salmon, herring, molasses, wine, whale oil, and many other commodities in the
English colonies by 1700. After the
943:. Since different varieties of petroleum have different densities, however, there is not a single conversion between mass and volume. For example, one tonne of heavy distillates might occupy a volume of 6.1 barrels (970
643:). This standard barrel of oil will occupy a different volume at different pressures and temperatures. A standard barrel in this context is thus not simply a measure of volume, but of volume under specific conditions. (
753:
in its early days. However, while Ida
Tarbell's 1904 Standard Oil Company history acknowledged the "holy blue barrel", the abbreviation "bbl" had been in use well before the 1859 birth of the U.S. petroleum industry.
978:
barrels were used. Also, 45-US-gallon (170 L) barrels were in common use. The 40 gallon whiskey barrel was the most common size used by early oil producers, since they were readily available at the time.
777:
or BOE is a value that accounts for both oil and natural gas while ignoring any water that is recovered. Other terms are used when discussing only oil. These terms can refer to either the production of
1107:"Barrels per stream day (chemical engineering) A measurement used to denote rate of oil or oil-product flow while a fluid-processing unit is in continuous operation. Abbreviated BSD."
312: in (10 mm) (diameter ≈ 18.62 in or 47.3 cm). No equivalent in cubic inches is given in the statute, but later regulations specify it as 5,826 cubic inches.
855:, Canada is 6.29287 U.S. barrels per standard cubic metre, despite the uncertainty in converting the volume for crude oil. Regulatory authorities in producing countries set
635:
is the amount of oil that would occupy a volume of exactly 1 barrel (158.99 L) at reference temperature and pressure conditions of 60 °F (15.6 °C) and 14.696
114:. As a result, the meaning of corresponding words and related concepts (vat, cask, keg etc.) in other languages often refers to a physical container rather than a known measure.
2280:
1688:
1077:
859:
of produced hydrocarbons, where such measurements affect taxes or royalties to the government. In the United
Kingdom, for instance, the measurement accuracy required is ±0.25%.
745:
The first "b" in "bbl" may have been doubled originally to indicate the plural (1 bl, 2 bbl), or possibly it was doubled to eliminate any confusion with bl as a symbol for the
89:
as a unit of measure has had various meanings throughout Europe, ranging from about 100 litres to about 1,000 litres. The name was derived in medieval times from the
219: in (10 mm) (diameter ≈ 20.37 in or 52 cm). Any barrel that is 7,056 cubic inches is recognized as equivalent. This is exactly equal to 26.25
2796:
1422:
2262:
1601:
818:
of oil is complicated by the fact that the latter is defined by the API to mean the amount of oil that, at different reference conditions (101.325
1399:
729:
refer to one thousand and one million barrels respectively. These are derived from the Latin "mille", meaning "thousand". This is different from the
1335:
646:
856:
843:, international commodity exchanges often set a conversion factor for benchmark crude oils. For instance the conversion factor set by the
2255:
733:
convention for where "M" stands for "mega" representing million, from the Greek for "large". Outside of the oil industry, the unit Mbbl (
2770:
1670:
576:
1505:
891:(which do not depend on pressure or temperature). But when necessary, such volume is converted to a volume of oil of equivalent
2248:
802:(BSD or BPSD) is the quantity of oil product produced by a single refining unit during continuous operation for 24 hours.
1369:
1215:
1072:
1480:
1278:
1177:
1062:
1426:
1022:
Thus, the 42 US-gallon oil barrel is a unit of measure rather than a physical container used to transport crude oil.
932:
per barrel in financial reports and press statements, making it appear to the outside world that they operate in barrels.
530:
1631:
502:
1158:
895:
of combustion. Production and consumption using this analogue is stated in barrels of oil equivalent per day (boed).
549:
2224:
899:
509:
1593:
971:
386:). In the US most fluid barrels (apart from oil) are 31.5 US gallons (26 imp gal; 119 L) (half a
1032:
1012:
580:
487:
483:
33:
2271:
1082:
916:
730:
699:
516:
2816:
1663:
844:
628:
794:. One BPD also becomes 49.8 tonnes per year. At an oil refinery, production is sometimes reported as
2229:
98:, of unknown origin, but still in use, both in French and as derivations in many other languages such as
1004:
And by that means, King
Richard III's English wine tierce became the American standard oil barrel.
659:
Oil companies that are publicly listed in the United States typically report their production using the
498:
1391:
1047:
420:
2765:
2219:
1011:
In modern times, many different types of oil, chemicals, and other products are transported in steel
2811:
1042:
774:
995:
newspaper, stated on August 31, 1866 that "the oil producers have issued the following circular":
2801:
1656:
1052:
848:
476:
416:
1552:
374:
Fluid barrels vary depending on what is being measured and where. In the UK a beer barrel is 36
121:
per barrel are commonly used, and the term is variously translated, often to derivations of the
2658:
2095:
992:
798:(b/cd or bcd), which is total production in a year divided by the days in that year. Likewise,
2294:
1707:
1327:
636:
2734:
2684:
2111:
1087:
880:
840:
815:
390:), but a beer barrel is 31 US gallons (26 imp gal; 117 L). The size of beer
118:
20:
1530:
8:
2750:
2724:
2709:
2212:
2166:
2136:
876:
523:
442:
302: in (149 cm) outside measurement; and the thickness of staves not greater than
749:. Some sources assert that "bbl" originated as a symbol for "blue barrels" delivered by
2806:
2760:
2755:
2207:
2197:
1581:. United Nations Environment Programme Global Marine Oil Pollution Information Gateway.
832:
791:
594:
454:
126:
1494:
903:
volume of oil produced with a similar volume of water to maintain reservoir pressure.
1757:
1712:
1211:
1154:
1147:
852:
695:
1361:
583:" used in industry typically contain 55 U.S. gallons or 200 litres internationally.
2791:
1122:
920:
790:(BPD, BOPD, bbl/d, bpd, bd, or b/d), where 1 BPD is equivalent to 0.0292
107:
99:
70:
1231:
2653:
2553:
2151:
1623:
925:
621:
567:
429:
375:
329:
103:
90:
2240:
1578:
1286:
1185:
359:, 280 pounds (127 kg) large barrel, or 180 pounds (82 kg) small barrel
2729:
2689:
2558:
2181:
2156:
2116:
2049:
2008:
1958:
1679:
1256:
1057:
786:, or the overall consumption of oil by a region or country. One common term is
609:
356:
45:
36:, each holding 9 imperial gallons (41 L) or a quarter of a UK beer barrel.
579:
While the barrel as a unit of measurement for oil is 42 U.S. gallons, actual "
432:
from 1483 until 1485, had defined the wine puncheon as a cask holding 84
2785:
2632:
2594:
2202:
2161:
2126:
2064:
1782:
1777:
1067:
1016:
984:
687:
674:(one million barrels), and occasionally (for wider comprehensive statistics)
660:
640:
437:
332:), 4 cubic feet (113 L; 30 US gal) or 376 pounds (171 kg)
2704:
2679:
2589:
2574:
2508:
2344:
2329:
2141:
2059:
2044:
2039:
2024:
1983:
1948:
1922:
1813:
1767:
1752:
960:
875:
in production and consumption figures. Normally, gas amount is measured in
783:
750:
350:
318:
Some products have a standard weight or volume that constitutes a barrel:
773:(BLPD) refers to the total volume of liquid that is recovered. Similarly,
110:. In most countries such usage is obsolescent, increasingly superseded by
2719:
2699:
2579:
2513:
2487:
2446:
2382:
2372:
2367:
2362:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2176:
2131:
2054:
2029:
1963:
1953:
1902:
1828:
1818:
1808:
1803:
1798:
1732:
1727:
1722:
1116:
912:
872:
827:
766:
602:
433:
425:
915:(m) instead of oil barrels. Cubic metre is the basic volume unit in the
690:
barrels). There is a conflict concerning the units for oil barrels (see
2714:
2694:
2663:
2637:
2482:
2451:
2441:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2405:
2324:
2146:
2121:
2090:
1907:
1897:
1871:
1866:
1856:
1851:
1747:
967:
929:
746:
617:
490: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
232:
167:
28:
2609:
2533:
2492:
2069:
963:
948:
924:
American investors and oil marketers. They generally quote prices in
779:
762:
734:
613:
379:
157:
1362:"B.8 Factors for Units, Listed Alphabetically - Section B"
987:, which was two gallons larger than the standard whisky barrel. The
782:
at an oil well, the conversion of crude oil to other products at an
465:
445:
in 1776, American merchants continued to use the same size barrels.
2604:
2436:
2074:
1988:
1943:
1892:
1119:
calculated from density_oil as API_g = (141.5 / SG ) − 131.5,
892:
826:
For a light oil with density of 850 kilogram per cubic metre (
715:
387:
322:
111:
1149:
The New shorter Oxford
English Dictionary on Historical Principles
911:
Outside the United States, volumes of oil are usually reported in
2627:
2334:
2171:
1762:
1648:
975:
2523:
2466:
1973:
1927:
1861:
1742:
1078:
Standard Barrel Act For Fruits, Vegetables, and Dry
Commodities
1037:
346:
240:
220:
175:
85:
2584:
2461:
2034:
1917:
1876:
944:
940:
707:
703:
396:
383:
342:
335:
236:
171:
122:
117:
In the international oil market context, however, prices in
2518:
2456:
2377:
2339:
2319:
2299:
1968:
1912:
1823:
1772:
1737:
1717:
1702:
959:
The measurement of an "oil barrel" originated in the early
836:
measuring the temperature at time of measuring the volume.
711:
683:
144:
In other commercial connections, barrel sizes such as beer
1467:
McGraw-Hill
Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms
2599:
1311:
A Measure of All Things: The story of man and measurement
888:
819:
400:
391:
145:
1533:. The Department of Energy and Climate Change (DECC), UK
1450:
1208:
Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures
884:
871:
In other circumstances, it can be important to include
647:
Standard temperature and pressure#Molar volume of a gas
935:
Companies on the European stock exchanges report the
928:
per cubic metre to other Canadian companies, but use
814:
The task of converting a standard barrel of oil to a
974:(159 litres) and the 40-US-gallon (150 L)
2797:
Customary units of measurement in the United States
1334:. American Oil & Gas Historical Society. 2016.
1146:
2270:
1495:"Western Canadian Select (WCS) Crude Oil Futures"
806:for light crude, slightly more for heavy crude).
706:" ("one million"), for example: MHz (one million
453:"Blue barrel" redirects here. For the plant, see
362:Butter and cheese in UK, 224 pounds (102 kg)
148:volumes also are standardised in many countries.
2783:
1420:
1138:
737:) can sometimes stand for one million barrels.
369:
338:, 5 cubic feet (142 L; 37 US gal)
765:recover not just oil from the ground, but also
1257:"U.S. Traditional and Commercial Barrel Sizes"
288: in (64 cm), circumference of bulge
274: in (41 cm), distance between heads
2256:
1664:
1144:
1322:
1320:
906:
93:
32:Ale casks at a brewery in the UK. These are
2263:
2249:
1671:
1657:
1579:"How much, for what, and ending up where?"
1446:
1444:
1392:"History of the 42 Gallon Oil Barrel"
1328:"History of the 42 Gallon Oil Barrel"
1205:
1172:
1170:
691:
670:(one kilobarrel, one thousand barrels) or
19:"bbl" redirects here. For other uses, see
1396:American Oil & Gas Historical Society
1317:
1308:
550:Learn how and when to remove this message
1359:
1355:
1353:
1210:. London, UK: Springer. pp. 43–46.
260: in (72 cm), diameter of head
195: in (72 cm), diameter of head
27:
1531:"Oil and gas: measurement of petroleum"
1441:
1271:
1167:
839:For ease of trading, communication and
48:applied in various contexts; there are
2784:
1425:. Schlumberger Limited. Archived from
151:
16:Series of units for volume measurement
2244:
1652:
1604:from the original on 21 February 2016
1511:from the original on 6 September 2015
1350:
2281:Comparison with imperial unit system
1591:
1402:from the original on 13 January 2016
1372:from the original on 13 October 2007
1338:from the original on 13 January 2016
1201:
1199:
1197:
1195:
1063:List of unusual units of measurement
710:, or megahertz) and MB (one million
488:adding citations to reliable sources
459:
76:is used almost interchangeably with
1689:Comparison with US customary system
883:(for volume at STP), as well as in
13:
1678:
1634:from the original on 21 April 2008
1073:Petroleum pricing around the world
857:standards for measurement accuracy
702:, the uppercase letter "M" means "
620:, approximately 159 liters, or 35
14:
2828:
2771:Foot–pound–second system of units
1192:
654:
1559:. Canadian National Energy Board
1423:"Schlumberger Oilfield Glossary"
566:
464:
1616:
1600:. Petroleum History Institute.
1585:
1571:
1545:
1523:
1487:
1473:
1459:
1414:
1384:
1110:
1101:
475:needs additional citations for
2225:Foot–pound–second system (FPS)
1302:
1293:
1249:
1224:
1125:= density_oil / density_water.
588:
365:Salt, 280 pounds (130 kg)
83:Since medieval times the term
1:
2272:United States customary units
1366:Guide for the Use of SI units
1206:Cardarelli, François (2003).
1132:
1083:United States customary units
862:
831:not possible, then tables of
809:
700:International System of Units
448:
370:Fluid barrel in the US and UK
954:
845:New York Mercantile Exchange
757:
740:
692:§ Definitions and units
629:American Petroleum Institute
7:
2230:Twenty-foot equivalent unit
1025:
644:
246:Defined as length of stave
181:Defined as length of stave
10:
2833:
2664:Kilopounds per square inch
1628:Units and Systems of Units
1553:"Energy Conversion Tables"
1483:. Canada Energy Regulator.
1481:"Energy conversion tables"
1048:English brewery cask units
851:(WCS) crude oil traded at
452:
421:English brewery cask units
414:
410:
155:
18:
2766:English Engineering Units
2743:
2672:
2646:
2620:
2567:
2546:
2501:
2475:
2429:
2398:
2391:
2355:
2287:
2278:
2220:English Engineering units
2190:
2104:
2083:
2017:
2001:
1936:
1885:
1844:
1837:
1791:
1695:
1686:
1153:. Oxford, UK: Clarendon.
907:Related kinds of quantity
775:barrels of oil equivalent
771:barrels of liquid per day
325:, 200 pounds (91 kg)
229:US barrel for cranberries
2673:Other units and measures
2105:Other units and measures
1592:Pees, Samuel T. (2004).
1313:. Macmillan. p. 60.
1094:
1043:Barrel of oil equivalent
796:barrels per calendar day
1624:"Barrel (of petroleum)"
1454:Statistical Review 2006
1053:English wine cask units
849:Western Canadian Select
417:English wine cask units
2659:Pounds per square inch
2096:Pounds per square inch
1421:Schlumberger Limited.
1145:Brown, Lesley (1993).
1002:
993:Oil City, Pennsylvania
800:barrels per stream day
633:standard barrel of oil
616:defined as exactly 42
94:
37:
2295:Thousandth of an inch
1708:Thousandth of an inch
1469:(6th ed.). 2003.
1332:Oil & Gas History
997:
881:standard cubic metres
119:United States dollars
31:
2735:Ton of refrigeration
2685:British thermal unit
2112:British thermal unit
1630:. Sizes, Inc. 2004.
1088:Units of measurement
917:International System
841:financial accounting
816:standard cubic metre
769:and water. The term
484:improve this article
349:(110 L) or 196
221:US dry gal
21:BBL (disambiguation)
2817:Alcohol measurement
2751:American wire gauge
2725:Pound-foot (torque)
2710:Foot-pound (energy)
1504:. CME Group. 2009.
1289:on 25 January 2006.
1188:on 25 January 2006.
877:standard cubic feet
698:, according to the
696:physical quantities
612:used for measuring
443:American Revolution
152:Dry goods in the US
2761:Body jewelry sizes
2756:Avoirdupois system
2198:Avoirdupois system
1557:Energy Information
1429:on 3 November 2011
1232:"cranberry barrel"
792:gallons per minute
721:The abbreviations
499:"Barrel" unit
455:Blue barrel cactus
328:Cement (including
44:is one of several
38:
2779:
2778:
2542:
2541:
2238:
2237:
1997:
1996:
1594:"Standardization"
1259:. 2000 Sizes, Inc
1217:978-1-4471-1122-1
853:Hardisty, Alberta
694:). For all other
627:According to the
560:
559:
552:
534:
2824:
2396:
2395:
2265:
2258:
2251:
2242:
2241:
1842:
1841:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1650:
1649:
1644:
1643:
1641:
1639:
1620:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1575:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1549:
1543:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1527:
1521:
1520:
1518:
1516:
1510:
1499:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1477:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1457:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1434:
1418:
1412:
1411:
1409:
1407:
1388:
1382:
1381:
1379:
1377:
1357:
1348:
1347:
1345:
1343:
1324:
1315:
1314:
1306:
1300:
1297:
1291:
1290:
1285:. Archived from
1283:uscode.house.gov
1275:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1264:
1253:
1247:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1228:
1222:
1221:
1203:
1190:
1189:
1184:. Archived from
1182:uscode.house.gov
1174:
1165:
1164:
1152:
1142:
1126:
1123:specific gravity
1114:
1108:
1105:
926:Canadian dollars
921:custody transfer
650:
622:imperial gallons
570:
555:
548:
544:
541:
535:
533:
492:
468:
460:
376:imperial gallons
311:
310:
306:
301:
300:
296:
293:
287:
286:
282:
279:
273:
272:
268:
265:
259:
258:
254:
251:
218:
217:
213:
208:
207:
203:
200:
194:
193:
189:
186:
97:
62:U.S. beer barrel
58:U.K. beer barrel
2832:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2821:
2812:Units of volume
2782:
2781:
2780:
2775:
2744:Related systems
2739:
2668:
2654:Inch of mercury
2642:
2616:
2563:
2554:Feet per second
2538:
2497:
2471:
2425:
2387:
2351:
2283:
2274:
2269:
2239:
2234:
2191:Related systems
2186:
2152:Horsepower-hour
2100:
2079:
2013:
1993:
1932:
1881:
1833:
1787:
1691:
1682:
1677:
1647:
1637:
1635:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1607:
1605:
1590:
1586:
1577:
1576:
1572:
1562:
1560:
1551:
1550:
1546:
1536:
1534:
1529:
1528:
1524:
1514:
1512:
1508:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1449:
1442:
1432:
1430:
1419:
1415:
1405:
1403:
1390:
1389:
1385:
1375:
1373:
1358:
1351:
1341:
1339:
1326:
1325:
1318:
1309:Whitelaw, Ian.
1307:
1303:
1299:27 CFR § 25.11.
1298:
1294:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1262:
1260:
1255:
1254:
1250:
1240:
1238:
1230:
1229:
1225:
1218:
1204:
1193:
1176:
1175:
1168:
1161:
1143:
1139:
1135:
1130:
1129:
1120:
1115:
1111:
1106:
1102:
1097:
1092:
1028:
989:Weekly Register
957:
909:
900:water-injection
898:In the case of
865:
812:
788:barrels per day
760:
743:
657:
639:(1,013.25
591:
586:
585:
584:
578:
573:
572:
571:
556:
545:
539:
536:
493:
491:
481:
469:
458:
451:
430:King of England
423:
413:
372:
330:Portland cement
308:
304:
303:
298:
294:
291:
289:
284:
280:
277:
275:
270:
266:
263:
261:
256:
252:
249:
247:
215:
211:
210:
205:
201:
198:
196:
191:
187:
184:
182:
160:
154:
46:units of volume
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2830:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2802:Imperial units
2799:
2794:
2777:
2776:
2774:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2753:
2747:
2745:
2741:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2732:
2730:Spinning count
2727:
2722:
2717:
2712:
2707:
2702:
2697:
2692:
2690:Degree (angle)
2687:
2682:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2656:
2650:
2648:
2644:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2635:
2630:
2624:
2622:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2607:
2597:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2571:
2569:
2565:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2559:Miles per hour
2556:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2543:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2473:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2464:
2459:
2454:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2433:
2431:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2400:
2393:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2380:
2375:
2370:
2365:
2359:
2357:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2348:
2347:
2337:
2332:
2327:
2322:
2317:
2312:
2307:
2302:
2297:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2276:
2275:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2236:
2235:
2233:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2216:
2215:
2210:
2200:
2194:
2192:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2184:
2182:Spinning count
2179:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2159:
2154:
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2099:
2098:
2093:
2087:
2085:
2081:
2080:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2021:
2019:
2015:
2014:
2012:
2011:
2009:Miles per hour
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1986:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1933:
1931:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1900:
1895:
1889:
1887:
1883:
1882:
1880:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1848:
1846:
1839:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1758:Gunter's chain
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1692:
1687:
1684:
1683:
1680:Imperial units
1676:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1653:
1646:
1645:
1615:
1584:
1570:
1544:
1522:
1502:NYMEX Rulebook
1486:
1472:
1458:
1440:
1413:
1383:
1360:B. N. Taylor.
1349:
1316:
1301:
1292:
1270:
1248:
1223:
1216:
1191:
1166:
1159:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1109:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1090:
1085:
1080:
1075:
1070:
1065:
1060:
1058:Imperial units
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1033:55 gallon drum
1029:
1027:
1024:
956:
953:
908:
905:
864:
861:
833:empirical data
811:
808:
759:
756:
742:
739:
678:(or sometimes
661:unit multiples
656:
655:Unit multiples
653:
610:unit of volume
590:
587:
575:
574:
565:
564:
563:
562:
561:
558:
557:
472:
470:
463:
450:
447:
412:
409:
407:of 50 L.
399:, typically a
371:
368:
367:
366:
363:
360:
357:Lime (mineral)
354:
339:
333:
326:
316:
315:
314:
313:
226:
225:
224:
153:
150:
88:
75:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2829:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2772:
2769:
2767:
2764:
2762:
2759:
2757:
2754:
2752:
2749:
2748:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2733:
2731:
2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2718:
2716:
2713:
2711:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2701:
2698:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2686:
2683:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2675:
2671:
2665:
2662:
2660:
2657:
2655:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2645:
2639:
2636:
2634:
2631:
2629:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2619:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2601:
2598:
2596:
2595:Hundredweight
2593:
2591:
2588:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2566:
2560:
2557:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2545:
2535:
2532:
2530:
2527:
2525:
2522:
2520:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2474:
2468:
2465:
2463:
2460:
2458:
2455:
2453:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2403:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2390:
2384:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2371:
2369:
2366:
2364:
2361:
2360:
2358:
2354:
2346:
2343:
2342:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2321:
2318:
2316:
2313:
2311:
2308:
2306:
2303:
2301:
2298:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2277:
2273:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2254:
2252:
2247:
2246:
2243:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2214:
2211:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2204:
2203:English units
2201:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2183:
2180:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:Pound (force)
2160:
2158:
2155:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2109:
2107:
2103:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2086:
2082:
2076:
2073:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Hundredweight
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1959:Fluid Scruple
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1939:
1935:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1894:
1891:
1890:
1888:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1790:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1778:Nautical mile
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1700:
1698:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1674:
1669:
1667:
1662:
1660:
1655:
1654:
1651:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1619:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1588:
1580:
1574:
1558:
1554:
1548:
1532:
1526:
1507:
1503:
1496:
1490:
1482:
1476:
1468:
1462:
1455:
1452:
1447:
1445:
1428:
1424:
1417:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1387:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1356:
1354:
1337:
1333:
1329:
1323:
1321:
1312:
1305:
1296:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1274:
1258:
1252:
1237:
1236:www.sizes.com
1233:
1227:
1219:
1213:
1209:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1173:
1171:
1162:
1160:0-19-861271-0
1156:
1151:
1150:
1141:
1137:
1124:
1118:
1113:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1023:
1020:
1018:
1017:metric system
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
996:
994:
990:
986:
980:
977:
973:
969:
965:
962:
952:
950:
946:
942:
938:
933:
931:
927:
922:
918:
914:
904:
901:
896:
894:
890:
886:
882:
878:
874:
869:
860:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
837:
834:
829:
824:
821:
817:
807:
803:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
776:
772:
768:
764:
755:
752:
748:
738:
736:
732:
728:
724:
719:
717:
713:
709:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
686:-barrel (one
685:
681:
677:
673:
669:
665:
662:
652:
648:
642:
638:
634:
630:
625:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
604:
600:
596:
582:
577:
569:
554:
551:
543:
532:
529:
525:
522:
518:
515:
511:
508:
504:
501: –
500:
496:
495:Find sources:
489:
485:
479:
478:
473:This section
471:
467:
462:
461:
456:
446:
444:
439:
435:
431:
427:
422:
418:
408:
406:
402:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
364:
361:
358:
355:
352:
348:
344:
341:Wheat or rye
340:
337:
334:
331:
327:
324:
321:
320:
319:
245:
244:
242:
238:
234:
230:
227:
222:
180:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
164:US dry barrel
162:
161:
159:
149:
147:
142:
140:
136:
133:(for example
132:
128:
124:
120:
115:
113:
109:
105:
101:
96:
92:
87:
84:
81:
79:
74:
73:
69:
67:
63:
59:
56:(such as the
55:
54:fluid barrels
51:
47:
43:
35:
30:
26:
22:
2705:Foot-lambert
2680:Bolt (cloth)
2528:
2142:Foot-poundal
2060:Long hundred
2040:Pound (mass)
1978:
1964:Fluid Drachm
1923:Trade gallon
1636:. Retrieved
1627:
1618:
1606:. Retrieved
1597:
1587:
1573:
1561:. Retrieved
1556:
1547:
1535:. Retrieved
1525:
1513:. Retrieved
1501:
1489:
1475:
1466:
1461:
1453:
1431:. Retrieved
1427:the original
1416:
1404:. Retrieved
1395:
1386:
1374:. Retrieved
1365:
1340:. Retrieved
1331:
1310:
1304:
1295:
1287:the original
1282:
1279:"15 USC 237"
1273:
1261:. Retrieved
1251:
1239:. Retrieved
1235:
1226:
1207:
1186:the original
1181:
1178:"15 USC 234"
1148:
1140:
1121:where SG is
1112:
1103:
1021:
1010:
1006:
1003:
998:
988:
981:
961:Pennsylvania
958:
936:
934:
913:cubic metres
910:
897:
870:
866:
847:(NYMEX) for
838:
825:
813:
804:
799:
795:
787:
784:oil refinery
770:
761:
751:Standard Oil
744:
726:
722:
720:
679:
675:
671:
667:
663:
658:
632:
626:
605:
598:
595:oil industry
592:
546:
537:
527:
520:
513:
506:
494:
482:Please help
477:verification
474:
434:wine gallons
424:
404:
373:
353:(89 kg)
317:
233:cubic inches
228:
168:cubic inches
163:
143:
138:
134:
130:
116:
82:
77:
71:
65:
61:
57:
53:
49:
41:
39:
25:
2700:Foot-candle
2633:Pound-force
2447:Fluid ounce
2383:Square mile
2373:Square yard
2368:Square foot
2363:Square inch
2132:Foot-candle
1903:Fluid ounce
1829:Square mile
1809:Square yard
1804:Square foot
1799:Square inch
1598:Oil History
1117:API gravity
828:API gravity
767:natural gas
603:unit symbol
589:Definitions
436:and a wine
426:Richard III
395:20–60
382:; 164
380:US gal
66:oil barrels
50:dry barrels
2786:Categories
2715:Horsepower
2695:Fahrenheit
2483:Board foot
2442:Tablespoon
2421:Cubic mile
2416:Cubic yard
2411:Cubic foot
2406:Cubic inch
2208:Winchester
2167:Pound-foot
2147:Horsepower
2137:Foot-pound
2122:Fahrenheit
1898:Tablespoon
1872:Cubic mile
1867:Cubic yard
1857:Cubic foot
1852:Cubic inch
1713:Barleycorn
1608:13 January
1563:13 January
1537:14 January
1515:14 January
1406:23 October
1376:18 October
1342:13 January
1133:References
968:Drake Well
964:oil fields
949:US gallons
939:of oil in
930:US dollars
863:Qualifiers
810:Conversion
735:megabarrel
645:See also:
618:US gallons
510:newspapers
449:Oil barrel
415:See also:
347:US bushels
241:US bushels
176:US bushels
156:See also:
2807:Petroleum
2534:Acre-foot
2493:Face cord
2213:Exchequer
2070:Ship load
1433:27 August
1068:Petroleum
780:crude oil
763:Oil wells
758:Flow rate
741:Etymology
631:(API), a
540:July 2023
378:(43
345:, three
158:Dry goods
2647:Pressure
2437:Teaspoon
2084:Pressure
1989:Hogshead
1944:Chaldron
1893:Teaspoon
1638:11 April
1632:Archived
1602:Archived
1506:Archived
1400:Archived
1370:Archived
1368:. NIST.
1336:Archived
1263:26 April
1026:See also
893:enthalpy
716:Megabyte
405:Euro keg
388:hogshead
323:Cornmeal
166:: 7,056
127:Teutonic
112:SI units
2792:Brewing
2628:Poundal
2430:Cooking
2399:Derived
2345:statute
2335:Furlong
2172:Poundal
2157:Kenning
2127:Rankine
2050:Quarter
1886:Cooking
1845:Derived
1763:Furlong
976:whiskey
955:History
688:billion
608:) is a
593:In the
524:scholar
411:History
307:⁄
297:⁄
283:⁄
269:⁄
255:⁄
214:⁄
204:⁄
190:⁄
170:(115.6
108:Spanish
100:Italian
34:firkins
2529:Barrel
2524:Bushel
2467:Gallon
2392:Volume
2288:Length
2117:Degree
2030:Drachm
1979:Barrel
1974:Bushel
1928:Gallon
1862:Hoppus
1838:Volume
1783:League
1743:Fathom
1696:Length
1214:
1157:
1038:Barrel
985:tierce
972:tierce
966:. The
947:; 256
945:litres
941:tonnes
682:) for
599:barrel
597:, one
526:
519:
512:
505:
497:
438:tierce
351:pounds
239:; 2.7
237:litres
235:(95.5
231:5,826
174:; 3.3
172:litres
106:, and
104:Polish
91:French
86:barrel
78:barrel
42:barrel
2621:Force
2610:Short
2590:Pound
2585:Ounce
2575:Grain
2547:Speed
2509:Minim
2502:Other
2462:Quart
2330:Chain
2045:Stone
2035:Ounce
2025:Grain
2002:Speed
1984:Stuck
1949:Minim
1937:Other
1918:Quart
1877:Tmcft
1814:Perch
1768:Cable
1753:Chain
1509:(PDF)
1498:(PDF)
1241:2 May
1095:Notes
1013:drums
991:, an
727:MMbbl
714:, or
712:bytes
708:hertz
704:mega-
672:MMbbl
581:drums
531:JSTOR
517:books
343:flour
336:Sugar
129:root
123:Latin
95:baril
2720:Perm
2605:Long
2580:Dram
2568:Mass
2519:Peck
2514:Gill
2488:Cord
2476:Wood
2457:Pint
2378:Acre
2356:Area
2340:Mile
2320:Yard
2315:Foot
2310:Link
2305:Hand
2300:Inch
2177:Span
2055:Slug
2018:Mass
1969:Peck
1954:Gill
1913:Pint
1824:Acre
1819:Rood
1792:Area
1773:Mile
1738:Yard
1733:Foot
1728:Link
1723:Hand
1718:Inch
1703:Twip
1640:2008
1610:2016
1565:2016
1539:2016
1517:2016
1435:2010
1408:2014
1378:2007
1344:2016
1265:2007
1243:2018
1212:ISBN
1155:ISBN
937:mass
747:bale
725:and
723:Mbbl
684:giga
676:Gbbl
668:Mbbl
664:kbbl
503:news
419:and
392:kegs
139:Fass
72:drum
60:and
2638:Kip
2600:Ton
2452:Cup
2325:Rod
2091:Ksi
2075:Ton
1908:Cup
1748:Rod
889:Btu
887:or
879:or
873:gas
820:kPa
680:Gbl
666:or
641:hPa
637:psi
614:oil
606:bbl
486:by
403:or
401:DIN
146:keg
141:).
137:or
135:vat
131:fat
64:),
2788::
1626:.
1596:.
1555:.
1500:.
1451:BP
1443:^
1398:.
1394:.
1364:.
1352:^
1330:.
1319:^
1281:.
1234:.
1194:^
1180:.
1169:^
1019:.
885:kg
731:SI
651:)
624:.
428:,
309:10
290:58
276:25
262:16
248:28
243:)
216:10
197:17
183:28
178:)
125:/
102:,
80:.
52:,
40:A
2264:e
2257:t
2250:v
1672:e
1665:t
1658:v
1642:.
1612:.
1567:.
1541:.
1519:.
1456:.
1437:.
1410:.
1380:.
1346:.
1267:.
1245:.
1220:.
1163:.
649:.
601:(
553:)
547:(
542:)
538:(
528:·
521:·
514:·
507:·
480:.
457:.
397:L
384:L
305:4
299:2
295:1
292:+
285:4
281:1
278:+
271:4
267:1
264:+
257:2
253:1
250:+
223:.
212:4
206:8
202:1
199:+
192:2
188:1
185:+
23:.
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