366:
643:
174:
2443:
3341:
741:(for example, "due o tre volte" (two or three times) will be pronounced "doj-tre vvote" in the "cultured" variant, but "roj-tre bbote" in the "peasant" one). Not infrequently the subtle vernacular differences between the various localities of the countryside, as well as between the different social classes, have offered easy starting points for local political satire.
413:
scenes) that we find the first written attestations of the
Arianese dialect, consisting in a complex series of covertly licentious or allusive slang expressions and as such not always easily interpretable. However, dialectal inflections, already significantly permeated by elements of Apulian origin,
1093:
Il regno di Napoli diviso in dodici provincie: con vna breve descrittione delle cose pi ù notabili, i nomi delle citta, terre et i vicere ..., i sette officii del regno, con i cavalieri del Resone ..., i vescovadi, et arcives. covadi, che sono in ciascuna provincia ... e le famiglie nobili delle
617:
Overall, however, the differences between the
Arianese dialect and the various vernaculars widespread in the small neighboring towns are quite evident (although not excessively profound), where the typical Irpinia cadences tend to be preserved in an even more genuine way,in fact in the rest of
733:) and somewhat impervious countryside. Added to this is a certain sociolinguistic differentiation between a "cultured" and a "peasant" vernacular, the latter characterized by more altered but at the same time more colorful forms and cadences, with a greater propensity for
465:
vowels which, due to a partial syllabic isochronism of clear
Adriatic origin, are generally closed in a free syllable in plain words, unlike than in the rest of Irpinia where the open stamp prevails. Therefore in Ariano it's said:
728:
in others (from note, however, how both forms present the typical closed tonic); such a variety of nuances is attributable to the wide diffusion of rural settlements scattered over a very vast (the largest in
689:(also infiltrated as far as the city of Ariano, where conspicuous traces of their presence remain) as well as the ancient Schiavoni (also present in Ariano and surroundings); the latter, unlike the related
705:(the ancient Polcarino degli Schiavoni), three communities linked since the very beginning to the diocese of Ariano (although since 1997 the parish of Sant'Arcangelo Trimonte has been transferred to the
233:
The characteristics of the
Arianese dialect appear rather atypical compared to the usual Irpinia vernacular canons by virtue of the geographical position of the town, located along the northern edge of
2117:
The Franco-Provençal presence must have concentrated in the
Sambuco district (Saùco in dialect), and in particular in the caves that are part of it, since in that district the vernacular had a marked
622:. although even these appear more or less dissimilar from each other, sometimes altered by a usually inconspicuous slang component but in some cases very well marked (an example is given by the slang
666:
Radically different, despite the continuous and frequent interchanges, are instead the idioms used by the communities belonging to the territorial linguistic minorities, such as the
2083:
359:
2151:
According to a local popular legend, the
Arianese dialect itself derives from a hypothetical Provençal idiom (="franco-provençal") which penetrated the territory following the
397:
and the nearby
Apulian provinces, with which there were intense contacts and exchanges: in addition to this, in the 15th century there was a massive influx of refugees from
1955:
406:
2193:
1903:(="to halve"), in this case analogously to Italian. Furthermore, consonant doublings are constantly transcribed, even at the beginning of the word (for example
274:(and more precisely Daunian) dialectal influences, rather evident above all at a phonetic level. For similar reasons, there is also a certain influence of the
331:
239:
1480:
Codex
Constitutionum quas summi Pontifices ediderunt in solemni canonizatione Sanctorum: a Johanne XV. ad Benedictum XIII., sive ab A. D. 993 ad A. D. 1729
343:
294:
historical events. Since the first half of the 19th century, however, Arianese has been considered one of the main dialects of the entire
Campanian group.
2053:(4. ed. Con 13 carte geografiche, 14 piante di città, 28 piante di antichità ed edifici e 21 stemmi ed.). Milano: Touring club italiano. p. 62.
335:
1556:"Dati empirici e teorie linguistiche": atti del XXXIII Congresso internazionale di studi della Società linguistica italiana, Napoli, 28–30 ottobre 1999
716:
Moreover, some vernacular differences, albeit small, are even felt between one area and another of the same municipality: thus, for example, the word "
303:
243:
1749:
987:
629:
382:
1030:
Dizionario del dialetto tra l'ùbere chioma della "Dormiente del Sannio" e il bacino del "Basso calore": Zibaldone e cenni di grammatica idiomatica
559:
in the pronunciation of an auxiliary verb is instead freely interchangeable and independent of external factors: thus, for example, one can say "
2388:
1205:
338:(within which it was by far the most populous center). The role played by the great traffic routes was also fundamental, such as the medieval
2245:
679:
1292:
In&Around. Ceramiche e comunità. Secondo convegno tematico dell'AIECM3 (Faenza, Museo
Internazionale delle Ceramiche, 17–19 aprile 2015)
2486:
2431:
2404:
2094:
493:
Peculiar, and likely attributable to an Apulian influence, is also the way of pronouncing the tonic vowel a which in Ariano tends towards
437:
archbishopric such as that of Benevento. And it is also significant that until 1930 the city was known under the eloquent denomination of
2902:
2409:
2276:
258:
side. The Arianese dialect was able to resist relatively better the contamination of the lower Campania region in general and the
3148:
2176:
1990:
1594:
1564:
1527:
1371:
1300:
1181:
1143:
1071:
1011:
881:
2635:
3671:
Venetian is either grouped with the rest of the Italo-Dalmatian or the Gallo-Italic languages, depending on the linguist.
2687:
693:, have lost their linguistic individuality after however having had a decisive influence on the history and culture of
2457:
2200:
2058:
1778:
1695:
1502:
1234:
908:
315:
2424:
516:
Consider also, in compound tenses, the anomalous vowel alternation in the different persons of the auxiliary verb:
478:
the local pronunciation of the tonic vowels tends to reopen, as is well evident in the case of nouns combined with
105:
3693:
3001:
2577:
2134:
La Campania Sotterranea e brevi notizie degli edificii scavati entro Roccia nelle due sicilie ed in altre regioni
954:
449:) although the local vernacular has always favored the simple original form Ariano, attested as far back as 782.
1742:"Quaderni di linguistica e studi orientali. Fenomeni fonetici e morfo-sintattici nel dialetto campano di Pagani"
1411:
1346:
origin now disappeared everywhere , but very common in medieval writings albeit in the exclusively Apulian area.
3698:
1497:
2306:
567:" (="ho capito", "i understood" ), without there being any difference in meaning between the two expressions.
351:
319:
1741:
510:
506:
2417:
900:
Das Frankoprovenzalische in Süditalien : Studien zur synchronischen und diachronischen Dialektologie
426:
365:
2029:
Around 1500 the feudal lords of Ariano used to keep Albanian and Schiavoni winemakers at their service.
414:
emerge from much more ancient times and even in documents of the early Middle Ages written in the local
3204:
2793:
1802:
1209:
698:
603:
206:
2439:
3017:
2526:
100:
80:
3283:
3274:
2679:
1061:
937:"Analisi della realtà sociolinguistica della comunità albanofona di Greci in provincia di Avellino"
706:
694:
409:
kilns, and it is precisely on some locally produced glazed ceramic tiles (dated 1772 and depicting
278:, and especially for the Arianese dialect, on the vernaculars spoken along the Apulian side of the
17:
2252:
1436:
570:
At a purely orthographic level, in addition to the almost systematic omission of the etymological
3443:
3428:
3214:
3122:
2979:
2856:
2659:
2118:
1003:
Healing Journeys with the Black Madonna: Chants, Music, and Sacred Practices of the Great Goddess
651:
539:
actually, while the first construct probably derives from the trivial truncation of a primitive *
441:, made official starting from 1868 but already in use for many centuries by writers (even in the
218:
95:
70:
3569:
3486:
3401:
3209:
2919:
2121:
cadence (in both phonetic and lexical terms) at least until the first half of the 18th century.
702:
327:
2034:
1478:
1108:
1001:
3632:
3481:
2985:
2828:
2625:
2327:
2132:
2014:
1258:
1091:
2951:
821:
330:
on the other; moreover Ariano itself was elevated to ducal seat from 1495, and from 1585 to
3476:
3453:
3224:
3084:
3038:
2779:
2345:"Poeti a la scuria e... poeti alluttrinati" – La satira politica ad Ariano dal 1889 al 1989
2284:
544:
3378:
3370:
2891:
2478:
2462:
1850:
667:
8:
3423:
3384:
3128:
2774:
2607:
2582:
1842:
1321:
846:
634:
259:
194:
110:
3558:
3105:
2883:
2372:
2347:(in Italian). Associazione circoli culturali – Ariano Irpino. Lioni: Poligrafica Irpina.
675:
655:
405:", i.e. "Tranesi", people from Trani); this rock quarter would later house the numerous
393:" (the key to Apulia) as it was an essential key in the connections between the capital
286:
present there. It should also be noted the presence of a certain contact with the large
3410:
3219:
3169:
2766:
2757:
2743:
2561:
2506:
2447:
2382:
1519:
Gli statuti di Ariano : diritto municipale e identità urbana tra Campania e Puglia
1199:
646:
The Sambuco district (Saùco in dialect), full of caves populated since the time of the
202:
1229:. Paolo Macry, Pasquale Villani (9th ed.). Torino: G. Einaudi. pp. 110–111.
547:
of the following syllable), the second would instead have originated from an ancient *
3563:
3553:
3545:
3471:
3361:
3291:
3260:
3247:
3238:
3183:
3177:
3162:
3008:
2946:
2928:
2834:
2810:
2733:
2706:
2692:
2664:
2615:
2592:
2482:
2470:
2466:
2172:
2064:
2054:
1996:
1986:
1784:
1774:
1709:
1701:
1691:
1600:
1590:
1560:
1533:
1523:
1377:
1367:
1296:
1240:
1230:
1187:
1177:
1149:
1139:
1067:
1007:
914:
904:
877:
422:
287:
279:
267:
251:
210:
90:
3031:
2992:
2842:
982:
area can be attributed, for example, to the widespread diffusion of the myth of the
662:
linguistic traits were still recognizable in the nineteenth-century local vernacular
3302:
3156:
3098:
3077:
3061:
3054:
3045:
2971:
2820:
2802:
2712:
2640:
2630:
2543:
2535:
2510:
2498:
2322:
1806:
1731:
1726:
This form of vocalic change can be traced back not in Apulia, but in low Campania (
710:
642:
410:
282:(the so-called Dauno-Irpinia dialects) and even, albeit only superficially, on the
275:
198:
115:
75:
1437:"Comuni d'Italia – Storia del Comune 064005 Ariano Irpino (Codice Catastale A399)"
457:
Among the salient features of the local dialect is the pronunciation of the tonic
3637:
3618:
3588:
3536:
3517:
3433:
3309:
3135:
3024:
2941:
2936:
2896:
2865:
2502:
2225:
2166:
2030:
1864:
1664:
1619:
1554:
1461:
1395:
1290:
1044:
1028:
871:
805:
283:
271:
62:
2013:
This information is confirmed in 1788 by Abbot Francesco Antonio Vitale, infra,
178:
The diffusion area of the Arianese dialect (in red) within the Italian territory
3624:
3500:
3463:
3448:
3296:
3255:
3091:
2597:
2587:
2553:
2494:
1982:
Luoghi, lingue, contatto : Italiano, dialetti e Francoprovenzale in Puglia
1343:
1263:(in Italian). Museo internazionale delle ceramiche in Faenza. 1976. p. 88.
684:
624:
442:
430:
370:
339:
291:
1604:
1097:(in Italian). appresso Gio. Giacomo Carlino, e Constantino Vitale. p. 30.
470:" (= "the wife has nine sisters"), whereas in the standard Irpinia it's have "
3687:
3593:
3522:
3509:
3438:
3316:
2873:
2490:
2474:
2000:
1705:
1537:
1381:
1191:
1153:
690:
659:
587:
475:
190:
42:
1788:
1713:
1244:
3643:
3418:
3346:
2620:
2068:
1584:
1493:
1117:: Presso gli editori Detken & Rocholl e F. Giannini. 1877. p. 134.
955:"Lingua napoletana e tanti dialetti: la mappa di come si parla in Campania"
918:
671:
415:
347:
222:
214:
1980:
1637:"Metafonesi opaca e differenziazione vocalica nei dialetti della Campania"
1621:
Vocabolario di varî dialetti del Sannio in rapporto con la lingua d'Italia
1517:
1463:
Cronichette antiche di varj scrittori del buon secolo della lingua toscana
1357:
1334:
For example, note the following deed (signed in Ariano in the year 1062) "
1167:
1129:
290:
area, mainly attributable to the geographical proximity as well as to the
3651:
2514:
1764:
1681:
1224:
610:(in a preconsonantal position) and the rather infrequent sonorization of
2048:
1956:"Dalla carboneria del Regno di Napoli le origini della lingua ciaschina"
898:
401:, who settled in the extramural village which took its name from them ("
270:
since the 13th century), but it remained exposed in some measure to the
173:
2961:
2698:
501:, especially in a free or final syllable; thus, for example, the word "
1866:
Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti: fonetica
1049:(in Italian) (7th ed.). Giuseppe Pomba e comp. 1846. p. 863.
389:
In the context of the Kingdom of Naples, the town was then nicknamed "
2738:
1838:
1770:
1658:
979:
870:
Holtus, Günter; Metzeltin, Michael; Schmitt, Christian (2011-06-01).
734:
602:(or similar ones) are often used to signal respectively the possible
434:
323:
311:
154:
1636:
3068:
2231:
2227:
Progetto Itinerari turistici Campania interna: la valle del Miscano
1941:
936:
738:
730:
479:
307:
247:
53:
2230:(in Italian). Vol. 1. Archeoclub d'Italia Sede di Casalbore.
1661:, another Irpinia municipality located on the border with Apulia.
1063:
Architettura nella storia: scritti in onore di Alfonso Gambardella
3598:
3114:
2669:
2654:
2152:
1727:
1046:*Dizionario generale di scienze, lettere, arti, storia, geografia
647:
355:
235:
2956:
2373:"Otantonio Lappazzo", pseudonym of di Gruttola, Nicola (1946).
2138:
1922:
1735:
1173:
1135:
1114:
983:
394:
263:
255:
1522:. Ariano Irpino: Centro europeo di studi normanni. p. 2.
2442:
876:(in Italian) (4th ed.). Walter de Gruyter. p. 703.
598:
433:
similarly to the Apulian dioceses, although it depended on a
398:
85:
2343:
D'Antuono, Ottaviano; Guardabascio, Raffaele, eds. (1989).
1879:
Note, for example, the difference in pronunciation between
1687:
1363:
990:(a benevolent goblin), struck terror among the populations.
1748:(in Italian). Firenze University Press. pp. 224–226.
592:
2342:
1466:(in Italian). Appresso Domenico Maria Manni. p. 143.
1359:
Saggi di stratigrafia linguistica dell'Italia meridionale
590:
in initial or intervocalic position, while the graphemes
1278:. Ariano di Puglia: Tipografia Marino. pp. 129–131.
1060:
Cantone, Gaetana; Marcucci, Laura; Manzo, Elena (2007).
1919:
Prima Lingua – Piccolo Dizionario del Dialetto Arianese
1869:(in Italian) (1st ed.). Einaudi. pp. 232–261.
1891:
actually has the same sound as the subsequent trigram
1686:. Paolo Di Giovine, Franco Fanciullo (44th ed.).
1336:
Declaro me abere undecim trophe de olibe in loco Balle
869:
810:(in Italian) (4th ed.). E. Loescher. p. 172.
551:. In other cases the local use of the stressed vowels
2046:
425:, from the moment of its establishment and until the
3336:
2033:, Giannini, 1920, p. 60. See also T. Vitale, infra,
1066:(in Italian) (1st ed.). Skira. pp. 41–42.
1059:
2277:"Comuni della Campania per superficie territoriale"
1295:(in Italian). All’Insegna del Giglio. p. 212.
941:
Dipartimento di Linguistica – Università di Firenze
497:while elsewhere in Irpinia it tends rather towards
724:in some sectors of the Arianese territory, while
302:Conspicuous was the historical importance of the
221:stock that has been widespread in the area since
3685:
3369:
2405:"The North Wind and the Sun" in Arianese dialect
2194:"Le colonie serbocroate nell'Italia meridionale"
2321:In particular we refer to the rhotacism of the
1289:Moine, Cecilia; Sabbionesi, Lara (2016-05-19).
1288:
701:(formerly known as Montemale or Montemalo) and
574:in the conjugated forms of the auxiliary verb "
1586:Parole e cose della pastorizia in Alta Irpinia
847:"Benvenuti nel Portale della Cultura Arianese"
27:Romance dialect spoken in Ariano Irpino county
3282:
2425:
2329:Rassegna pugliese di scienze, lettere ed arti
2305:Grasso, Gaetano (2002). "Note introduttive".
1412:"ARIANO di Puglia in "Enciclopedia Italiana""
1400:(in Italian) (8th ed.). 2000. p. 2.
1172:(in Italian). Gianna Marcato (1st ed.).
3508:
2251:. pp. 58–60 and 239–240. Archived from
2031:Proceedings of the Pontaniana Academy (1825)
1222:
2357:
2168:Iu sacciu 'na canzona di Valle e ddi Capone
1739:
1483:(in Latin). Cam. Apostol. pp. 147–150.
1110:Archivio storico per le province napoletane
934:
896:
326:on one side and up to the threshold of the
2432:
2418:
2387:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1766:Dialect and migration in a changing Europe
1559:(in Italian). Bulzoni. 2001. p. 268.
1204:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
578:", we note the frequent use of the letter
354:(to which a modest lexical influence from
318:it became a great county (within the vast
246:), therefore in the extreme hinterland of
172:
1762:
1662:
1476:
720:" (behind) is translated into dialect as
322:) and expanded as far as at the gates of
2765:
2223:
2164:
1849:is instead found only in loanwords from
1355:
1342:(="young plants") is an ancient word of
1315:
1223:Paolo, Macrì; Villani, Pasquale (1990).
803:
641:
364:
3246:
2130:
1978:
1887:(="to break down"), where the monogram
1617:
1273:
1127:
1026:
999:
986:, a sort of evil witch who, unlike the
788:
14:
3686:
2304:
2081:
1862:
1829:(with contextual drop of the phonemes
1752:from the original on 29 February 2020.
1679:
1515:
543:(this can be deduced from the lack of
421:It should also be considered that the
238:at the height of the main pass of the
2413:
2084:"Vocabolario etimologico comparativo"
2025:
2023:
1935:
1916:
1641:Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie
1634:
1582:
1578:
1576:
1549:
1547:
1459:
1089:
1085:
1083:
310:times, extended on both sides of the
297:
228:
189:, typical of the territorial area of
2234:: Poligrafica Ruggiero. p. 165.
1589:. Napoli: Giannini. pp. 43–44.
1169:Il dialetto nel tempo e nella storia
1131:Il dialetto nel tempo e nella storia
930:
928:
799:
797:
2191:
1006:. Simon and Schuster. p. 408.
674:(once also present in Ariano), the
24:
2608:Intermediate Southern (Neapolitan)
2020:
1929:
1573:
1544:
1080:
1000:Belloni, Alessandra (2019-04-02).
783:Nicola Di Gruttola, February 1946.
373:in the direction of Puglia on the
25:
3710:
2398:
2375:Puvisia sciolda a pere di ranogna
1944:: International Printing Editore.
1657:This phenomenon is also found in
1356:Giuliani, Mariafrancesca (2007).
925:
794:
346:as well as the ancient routes of
3339:
2458:Historical linguistic minorities
2441:
1666:Idiomi dialettali della Campania
535:(="ha detto", "he/she/it said");
3665:
2366:
2351:
2336:
2315:
2298:
2269:
2238:
2224:Disconzi, Luciano, ed. (1993).
2217:
2185:
2158:
2145:
2124:
2111:
2075:
2040:
2007:
1972:
1948:
1910:
1873:
1856:
1795:
1756:
1720:
1673:
1651:
1628:
1611:
1509:
1498:Chronica monasterii casinensis.
1487:
1470:
1453:
1429:
1404:
1388:
1349:
1328:
1309:
1282:
1267:
1251:
1216:
1160:
1138:: Giovanni Abete. p. 380.
1121:
1101:
1053:
1037:
1020:
873:Italienisch, Korsisch, Sardisch
807:Studi glottologici italiani ...
750:"Tu sei il miglior compare mio;
748:Tutti abbracciano il contadino:
713:and the already cited Greeks).
2246:"Acta Apostolicae Sedis n° 90"
2047:Touring club italiano (1978).
1938:Grammatica del dialetto irpino
1460:Manni, Domenico Maria (1733).
1366:: PLUS-Pisa University Press.
993:
972:
947:
935:Vitolo, Giuseppe (2011–2012).
890:
863:
839:
814:
618:Irpinia it is said everywhere
358:is also attributable) and the
13:
1:
2308:Vocabolario Arianese-Italiano
2171:(in Italian). Graus Editore.
2165:Albanese, Anna Maria (2018).
2093:. p. 184. Archived from
1985:. Galatina: Congedo Editore.
1925:: Centro Grafico Meridionale.
1635:Russo, Michela (2002-01-01).
1128:Marcato, Gianna (June 2016).
1113:(in Italian) (2nd ed.).
804:Gregorio, Giacomo de (1907).
472:(l) a muglièra tene nòve sòre
377:plateau, near the homonymous
360:tratturello Camporeale-Foggia
352:tratturo Pescasseroli-Candela
320:County of Apulia and Calabria
250:and immediately close to the
2377:(in Italian). Ariano Irpino.
2362:(in Italian). Lioni: Melito.
2358:Di Gruttola, Nicola (1982).
2283:(in Italian). Archived from
2199:. p. 25. Archived from
2141:: Trani Editore. p. 62.
1979:Bitonti, Alessandro (2012).
1663:Del Donno, Manfredi (1965).
1318:La Maiolica di Ariano Irpino
1276:Storia della città di Ariano
978:Suggestions coming from the
897:Kattenbusch, Dieter (1982).
822:"Italy's 50 Shades of Latin"
778:but always bring stuff here"
766:ma porta sàrcine sempe qua"
628:, once spoken in the nearby
452:
334:, the only one in the whole
314:, so much so that under the
213:, it descends directly from
7:
2137:(in Italian). Vol. 1.
1813:derives from ancient links
1773:: P. Lang. pp. 19–20.
1618:Nittoli, Salvatore (1873).
1516:Stanco, Gianfranco (2012).
1134:(Prima edizione ed.).
762:"Tu si lu meglio cumparone;
760:Tutti abbràzzano lu cafone:
582:(and sometimes also of the
201:, belonging in turn to the
10:
3715:
3205:Gallo-Italic of Basilicata
2688:Central-Southern Calabrian
2131:Sanchez, Giuseppe (1833).
1845:. The sonorization of the
1477:Fontanini, Giusto (1729).
1176:. June 2016. p. 380.
1027:Polcino, Nicolino (1992).
754:ma porta sempre roba qua"
526:(="hai detto", "you said")
468:la mugliéra téne nóve sóre
3611:
3581:
3544:
3535:
3499:
3462:
3409:
3400:
3360:
3356:
3334:
3273:
3237:
3195:
3147:
3018:Comasco-Lecchese dialects
2970:
2927:
2918:
2882:
2864:
2855:
2819:
2801:
2792:
2756:
2724:
2678:
2606:
2570:
2552:
2534:
2525:
2521:
2454:
1917:Mario, Sicuranza (1988).
1763:Mattheier, Klaus (2001).
1690:: Il calamo. p. 55.
1683:I dialetti della Campania
1669:. Montemurro. p. 19.
1033:(in Italian). N. Polcino.
772:Everyone hugs the farmer:
474:". On the other hand, in
207:southern Italian dialects
171:
152:
147:
59:
49:
37:
32:
1863:Rohlfs, Gerhard (1966).
1809:, the palatalization of
1624:(in Italian). V. Basile.
1583:Abete, Giovanni (2017).
1316:Donatone, Guido (1980).
1274:Flammia, Nicola (1893).
776:I will give you freedom,
774:"You are my best friend;
707:archdiocese of Benevento
695:Ginestra degli Schiavoni
2578:Central-Northern Latian
2311:. Edizioni La Ginestra.
2082:Gemmellaro, Ferruccio.
1936:Russo, Aniello (2004).
699:Sant'Arcangelo Trimonte
3694:Dialects of Neapolitan
3210:Gallo-Italic of Sicily
3002:Bustocco and Legnanese
1680:Radtke, Edgar (1997).
1090:Bacco, Enrico (1609).
786:
764:T'aggia rà la libertà,
703:Villanova del Battista
663:
407:Ariano Irpino ceramics
391:la chiave delle puglie
386:
266:became the capital of
3699:Languages of Campania
3633:Italian Sign Language
3582:Other German dialects
2725:Other Italo-Dalmatian
1208:) CS1 maint: others (
903:. Tübingen: G. Narr.
743:
645:
368:
3085:Southwestern Lombard
2360:Lu llorgio di tatone
1853:, French or Italian.
1801:As in various other
1094:città più principali
851:www.culturaariano.it
789:References and notes
545:syntactic gemination
513:in standard Irpino.
490:" (="your sister").
3385:Vaccarizzo Albanian
2332:. 1900. p. 21.
1960:giornalelirpinia.it
1746:Open Access Journal
752:Ti darò la libertà,
262:one in particular (
240:Campanian Apennines
3220:Judaeo-Piedmontese
3196:Other Gallo-Italic
2448:Languages of Italy
1899:(="to break") and
1338:", where the word
664:
387:
344:Apulian royal road
298:Historical context
284:linguistic islands
229:Geographic context
195:vernacular variety
3681:
3680:
3660:
3659:
3607:
3606:
3564:Southern Bavarian
3531:
3530:
3495:
3494:
3487:Triestine Serbian
3396:
3395:
3371:Arbëresh language
3332:
3331:
3328:
3327:
3269:
3268:
3233:
3232:
2986:Brianzöö dialects
2914:
2913:
2851:
2850:
2788:
2787:
2752:
2751:
2178:978-88-8346-619-9
1992:978-88-8086-982-5
1883:(="to move") and
1807:Sicilian dialects
1740:Giuseppe Vitolo.
1596:978-88-7431-888-9
1566:978-88-8319-609-6
1529:978-88-98028-08-5
1373:978-88-8492-469-8
1302:978-88-7814-699-0
1183:978-88-6787-527-6
1145:978-88-6787-527-6
1073:978-88-7624-850-4
1013:978-1-59143-343-9
883:978-3-11-096610-7
658:community, whose
486:" (="my wife"), "
447:Arianum in Apulia
423:diocese of Ariano
336:Principiato Ultra
288:Benevento dialect
211:Romance languages
183:
182:
16:(Redirected from
3706:
3672:
3669:
3646:
3627:
3572:
3542:
3541:
3506:
3505:
3407:
3406:
3387:
3367:
3366:
3358:
3357:
3349:
3344:
3343:
3342:
3319:
3312:
3305:
3280:
3279:
3244:
3243:
3186:
3172:
3165:
3149:Emilian–Romagnol
3138:
3131:
3117:
3108:
3101:
3094:
3087:
3080:
3071:
3064:
3057:
3048:
3041:
3034:
3027:
3020:
3011:
3004:
2995:
2988:
2925:
2924:
2905:
2884:Franco-Provençal
2862:
2861:
2837:
2799:
2798:
2794:Occitano-Romance
2763:
2762:
2715:
2701:
2680:Extreme Southern
2649:
2544:Regional Italian
2532:
2531:
2523:
2522:
2479:Franco-Provençal
2446:
2445:
2434:
2427:
2420:
2411:
2410:
2393:
2392:
2386:
2378:
2370:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2340:
2334:
2333:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2302:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2257:
2250:
2242:
2236:
2235:
2221:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2211:
2205:
2198:
2192:Rešetar, Milan.
2189:
2183:
2182:
2162:
2156:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2128:
2122:
2115:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2105:
2099:
2088:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2044:
2038:
2027:
2018:
2011:
2005:
2004:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1967:
1966:
1952:
1946:
1945:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1914:
1908:
1877:
1871:
1870:
1860:
1854:
1803:central-southern
1799:
1793:
1792:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1724:
1718:
1717:
1677:
1671:
1670:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1580:
1571:
1570:
1551:
1542:
1541:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1474:
1468:
1467:
1457:
1451:
1450:
1448:
1447:
1433:
1427:
1426:
1424:
1423:
1408:
1402:
1401:
1392:
1386:
1385:
1362:(2nd ed.).
1353:
1347:
1332:
1326:
1325:
1322:Cava de' Tirreni
1313:
1307:
1306:
1286:
1280:
1279:
1271:
1265:
1264:
1255:
1249:
1248:
1220:
1214:
1213:
1203:
1195:
1164:
1158:
1157:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1105:
1099:
1098:
1087:
1078:
1077:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1024:
1018:
1017:
997:
991:
976:
970:
969:
967:
966:
951:
945:
944:
932:
923:
922:
894:
888:
887:
867:
861:
860:
858:
857:
843:
837:
836:
834:
833:
826:Italics Magazine
818:
812:
811:
801:
784:
711:Savignano Irpino
709:in exchange for
688:
676:Franco-Provençal
656:Franco-Provençal
638:
586:) to indicate a
512:
508:
505:" is pronounced
439:Ariano di Puglia
411:big-game hunting
304:county of Ariano
280:Daunia mountains
276:Irpinia dialects
244:saddle of Ariano
217:, a language of
203:Neapolitan group
199:Irpinian dialect
187:Arianese dialect
176:
166:
157:
65:
30:
29:
21:
3714:
3713:
3709:
3708:
3707:
3705:
3704:
3703:
3684:
3683:
3682:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3670:
3666:
3656:
3642:
3623:
3603:
3589:Austrian German
3577:
3568:
3527:
3518:Calabrian Greek
3491:
3458:
3444:Natisone Valley
3429:Inner Carniolan
3392:
3383:
3352:
3345:
3340:
3338:
3324:
3315:
3308:
3301:
3265:
3229:
3197:
3191:
3182:
3168:
3161:
3143:
3134:
3127:
3123:Eastern Lombard
3113:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3076:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3044:
3037:
3030:
3023:
3016:
3007:
3000:
2991:
2984:
2980:Western Lombard
2966:
2910:
2901:
2878:
2847:
2833:
2815:
2784:
2748:
2726:
2720:
2711:
2697:
2674:
2660:Southern Latian
2645:
2626:Castelmezzanese
2602:
2566:
2548:
2517:
2450:
2440:
2438:
2401:
2396:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2367:
2356:
2352:
2341:
2337:
2326:
2320:
2316:
2303:
2299:
2290:
2288:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2248:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2222:
2218:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2163:
2159:
2150:
2146:
2129:
2125:
2116:
2112:
2103:
2101:
2097:
2086:
2080:
2076:
2061:
2045:
2041:
2028:
2021:
2012:
2008:
1993:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1962:
1954:
1953:
1949:
1934:
1930:
1915:
1911:
1907:, "to uncork").
1878:
1874:
1861:
1857:
1800:
1796:
1781:
1761:
1757:
1725:
1721:
1698:
1678:
1674:
1656:
1652:
1633:
1629:
1616:
1612:
1597:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1553:
1552:
1545:
1530:
1514:
1510:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1475:
1471:
1458:
1454:
1445:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1421:
1419:
1416:www.treccani.it
1410:
1409:
1405:
1394:
1393:
1389:
1374:
1354:
1350:
1333:
1329:
1314:
1310:
1303:
1287:
1283:
1272:
1268:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1237:
1221:
1217:
1197:
1196:
1184:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1146:
1126:
1122:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1058:
1054:
1043:
1042:
1038:
1025:
1021:
1014:
998:
994:
977:
973:
964:
962:
953:
952:
948:
933:
926:
911:
895:
891:
884:
868:
864:
855:
853:
845:
844:
840:
831:
829:
820:
819:
815:
802:
795:
791:
785:
782:
777:
775:
773:
765:
763:
761:
753:
751:
749:
682:
632:
455:
429:, followed the
342:and the modern
300:
242:(the so-called
231:
179:
164:
153:
143:
101:Italo-Dalmatian
81:Latino-Faliscan
66:
63:Language family
61:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3712:
3702:
3701:
3696:
3679:
3678:
3674:
3673:
3663:
3662:
3661:
3658:
3657:
3655:
3654:
3649:
3648:
3647:
3635:
3630:
3629:
3628:
3625:Italian Hebrew
3615:
3613:
3609:
3608:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3601:
3596:
3591:
3585:
3583:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3575:
3574:
3573:
3570:South Tyrolean
3561:
3556:
3550:
3548:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3529:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3520:
3514:
3512:
3503:
3497:
3496:
3493:
3492:
3490:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3468:
3466:
3464:Serbo-Croatian
3460:
3459:
3457:
3456:
3451:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3415:
3413:
3404:
3398:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3391:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3375:
3373:
3364:
3354:
3353:
3351:
3350:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3323:
3322:
3321:
3320:
3313:
3306:
3294:
3288:
3286:
3284:Rhaeto-Romance
3277:
3275:Rhaeto-Romance
3271:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3264:
3263:
3258:
3252:
3250:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3231:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3212:
3207:
3201:
3199:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3187:
3175:
3174:
3173:
3166:
3153:
3151:
3145:
3144:
3142:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3132:
3120:
3119:
3118:
3111:
3110:
3109:
3102:
3095:
3081:
3074:
3073:
3072:
3058:
3051:
3050:
3049:
3042:
3035:
3028:
3014:
3013:
3012:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2976:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2933:
2931:
2922:
2916:
2915:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2906:
2894:
2888:
2886:
2880:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2870:
2868:
2859:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2840:
2839:
2838:
2825:
2823:
2817:
2816:
2814:
2813:
2807:
2805:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2771:
2769:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2750:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2717:
2716:
2704:
2703:
2702:
2690:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2651:
2650:
2638:
2633:
2628:
2623:
2618:
2612:
2610:
2604:
2603:
2601:
2600:
2595:
2590:
2585:
2580:
2574:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2565:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2550:
2549:
2547:
2546:
2540:
2538:
2529:
2519:
2518:
2455:
2452:
2451:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2414:
2408:
2407:
2400:
2399:External links
2397:
2395:
2394:
2365:
2350:
2335:
2314:
2297:
2268:
2237:
2216:
2184:
2177:
2157:
2144:
2123:
2110:
2074:
2059:
2039:
2019:
2006:
1991:
1971:
1947:
1928:
1909:
1872:
1855:
1794:
1779:
1755:
1719:
1696:
1672:
1650:
1647:(2): 195–223 .
1627:
1610:
1595:
1572:
1565:
1543:
1528:
1508:
1486:
1469:
1452:
1428:
1403:
1387:
1372:
1348:
1327:
1324:. p. 202.
1308:
1301:
1281:
1266:
1250:
1235:
1215:
1182:
1159:
1144:
1120:
1100:
1079:
1072:
1052:
1036:
1019:
1012:
992:
971:
946:
924:
909:
889:
882:
862:
838:
813:
792:
790:
787:
780:
604:palatalization
537:
536:
527:
482:possessives: "
476:slippery words
454:
451:
443:medieval Latin
431:Byzantine Rite
383:Miscano valley
371:Via Francigena
340:via Francigena
299:
296:
292:Early Medieval
230:
227:
181:
180:
177:
169:
168:
158:
150:
149:
148:Language codes
145:
144:
142:
141:
140:
139:
138:
137:
136:
135:
134:
133:
132:
131:
130:
129:
128:
127:
126:
125:
124:
123:
69:
67:
60:
57:
56:
51:
47:
46:
39:
38:Native to
35:
34:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3711:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3691:
3689:
3668:
3664:
3653:
3650:
3645:
3641:
3640:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3626:
3622:
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3614:
3610:
3600:
3597:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3571:
3567:
3566:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3534:
3524:
3521:
3519:
3516:
3515:
3513:
3511:
3510:Italiot Greek
3507:
3504:
3502:
3498:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3482:Slavomolisano
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3469:
3467:
3465:
3461:
3455:
3452:
3450:
3447:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3425:
3422:
3420:
3417:
3416:
3414:
3412:
3408:
3405:
3403:
3399:
3386:
3382:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3359:
3355:
3348:
3337:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3307:
3304:
3300:
3299:
3298:
3295:
3293:
3290:
3289:
3287:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3236:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3218:
3216:
3215:Judeo-Italian
3213:
3211:
3208:
3206:
3203:
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1959:
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1441:www.elesh.it
1440:
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186:
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160:
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3652:Wenzhounese
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3424:Gail Valley
3225:Piedmontese
3129:Bergamasque
2775:Campidanese
2616:Beneventano
2583:Marchigiano
2515:Wenzhounese
1837:), or from
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1501: [
1397:Archeologia
1226:La Campania
959:NapoliToday
683: [
680:Valmaggiore
654:by a small
633: [
268:the Kingdom
209:. Like all
3688:Categories
3170:Parmigiano
2962:Tabarchino
2952:Monégasque
2780:Logudorese
2699:Manduriano
2562:Florentine
2291:2023-04-20
2262:2023-04-20
2210:2023-04-20
2104:2023-04-20
1965:2023-04-20
1843:Neapolitan
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1446:2022-12-02
1422:2022-12-02
965:2022-12-02
943:: 165–191.
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832:2022-12-02
757:Arianese:
745:Italian:
484:muglièrima
332:royal city
306:which, in
260:Neapolitan
111:Neapolitan
3411:Slovenian
3261:Triestine
3198:languages
3184:Forlivese
3163:Bolognese
3009:Legnanese
2947:Intemelio
2892:Valdôtain
2835:Mentonasc
2811:Algherese
2767:Sardinian
2758:Sardinian
2744:Sassarese
2739:Gallurese
2727:languages
2693:Salentino
2665:Tarantino
2636:Cosentino
2593:Romanesco
2507:Sardinian
2383:cite book
2015:pp. 27–28
2001:809971928
1851:Provençal
1839:loanwords
1771:Frankfurt
1706:0392-9361
1659:Lacedonia
1538:883623241
1382:227016916
1200:cite book
1192:952962161
1154:952962161
980:Benevento
769:English:
735:rhotacism
668:Albanians
625:ciaschino
453:Phonology
435:Longobard
328:Tavoliere
324:Benevento
312:Apennines
155:ISO 639-3
3554:Cimbrian
3546:Bavarian
3472:Croatian
3379:Arbëresh
3362:Albanian
3303:Cadorino
3292:Friulian
3248:Venetian
3239:Venetian
3178:Romagnol
3106:Cremunés
3099:Novarese
3078:Varesino
3069:Ossolano
3062:Ticinese
3055:Milanese
3046:Lecchese
2929:Ligurian
2734:Corsican
2713:Pantesco
2707:Sicilian
2647:Arianese
2641:Irpinian
2631:Cilentan
2588:Marinese
2487:Germanic
2483:Friulian
2471:Croatian
2463:Albanian
2232:Avellino
2091:Literary
1942:Avellino
1905:ssuppilà
1897:spitazzà
1789:44877013
1750:Archived
1714:37612723
1245:24840413
781:—
739:betacism
731:Campania
652:Angevins
620:à dditto
549:à dditto
541:ài ritto
480:enclitic
379:masseria
308:medieval
248:Campania
121:Arianese
116:Irpinian
54:Campania
33:Arianese
18:Arianese
3599:Yiddish
3559:Mòcheno
3434:Istrian
3157:Emilian
3136:Cremish
3115:Spasell
3025:Comasco
2972:Lombard
2942:Genoese
2937:Brigasc
2903:Cellese
2821:Occitan
2803:Catalan
2670:Vastese
2655:Molisan
2571:Central
2536:Italian
2511:Slovene
2499:Occitan
2467:Catalan
2153:Normans
2069:5172282
1885:šcascià
1728:Salerno
919:9539237
722:addréto
650:or the
648:Normans
630:Baronia
403:Tranìsi
375:Sprinia
356:Abruzzo
272:Apulian
256:Apulian
236:Irpinia
225:times.
197:of the
193:, is a
91:Romance
41:Italy (
3638:Romani
3619:Hebrew
3612:Others
3594:Walser
3537:German
3449:Resian
3310:Fornes
3256:Fiuman
3092:Pavese
3032:Laghée
2993:Canzés
2957:Royasc
2897:Faetar
2874:Aostan
2866:French
2843:Niçard
2621:Barese
2598:Sabino
2554:Tuscan
2503:Romani
2475:French
2323:dental
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2139:Naples
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1901:smiẓẓà
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718:dietro
563:" or "
533:dditto
488:sòreta
395:Naples
350:: the
264:Naples
76:Italic
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3317:Nones
3297:Ladin
2495:Ladin
2491:Greek
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223:Roman
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