365:
450:
694:
36:
66:
79:
53:
536:
519:
estimates that in 2013, there were 297,000 people living in the UK who had been born in
Germany, but that 189,000 of these were British nationals. The total number of German nationals resident in the UK, regardless of ethnic origin or birthplace, is estimated at 126,000 in 2013.
550:
German
Britons and German speakers have contributed to numerous areas in British life, especially in establishing powerful family dynasties. There are also areas and buildings named after famous Germans, such as Holbein Place in Central London, named after the
425:
dating from 1762/63, is the oldest German church in the UK. The congregation was founded by
Dederich Beckmann, a wealthy sugar boiler and cousin of the first pastor. It served as a religious centre for generations of German immigrants who worked in the
473:. A large proportion of these people are thought to be the children of British military based in Germany at the time of their birth, who have since returned to the UK with their families.
760:
2338:
1878:
1692:
1675:
1899:
430:
sugar refineries, and meat and baking trades until the First World War. During the Nazi period in
Germany, St George's pastor Julius Rieger set up a relief centre for
997:
1070:
1255:
864:
805:
738:
2115:
2171:
1044:
2195:
2159:
1757:
2132:
2217:
2149:
2137:
2355:
674:
2391:
2412:
227:
300:
and also the 16th-century
Protestant refugees who emigrated to Great Britain to flee the instability caused by the religious wars after the
1951:
716:
658:
353:
princess of German ancestry. His son would marry a
British-born princess of predominantly-German ancestry, and his great-granddaughter
1019:
838:
2417:
441:
was also associated with the work of St George's when
Bonhoeffer was pastor at the nearby St Paul's church between 1933 and 1935.
1136:
1388:
634:
304:. By the end of the 17th century, a significant German community had developed, consisting mostly of businessmen, mainly from
2069:
860:
418:
2307:
1863:
1355:
924:
773:'2022' > 'All of Scotland' > 'Ethnic group, national identity, language and religion' > 'Country of birth: UV204'
364:
2312:
1913:
1872:
1345:
1233:
1370:
1198:
523:
Other than in areas with army bases, clusters of people born in
Germany are found in West London, particularly around
2282:
2034:
1582:
1440:
1307:
1248:
1203:
932:
894:
434:
refugees from
Germany, who were provided with references to travel to Britain. The leading theologian and anti-Nazi
1360:
1287:
1213:
1172:
678:
462:
1365:
1312:
1282:
1238:
1193:
1157:
592:
era in the first half of the 18th century, was commissioned to write four anthems for the coronation ceremony of
2277:
1350:
1302:
1243:
1208:
1074:
1048:
516:
411:
2102:
1982:
1522:
1400:
1297:
1260:
1162:
1071:"Estimated overseas-born population resident in the United Kingdom by sex, by country of birth (Table 1.4)"
783:
560:
489:, which are all home to significant army populations, had a combined population of 12,000 born in Germany.
320:
316:
1327:
1317:
1177:
1129:
407:
608:
607:
company was founded in 1789 by German businessmen Georg Carl Backes and (later on) Max
Strauss. In 1818
2059:
1740:
670:
593:
152:
44:
449:
1931:
1539:
331:
539:
210:
form one of the largest minority groups in the country. Today, there are many Germans living in the
556:
319:, which had been invaded by French forces and suffered a severe winter, also migrated to England.
2183:
1745:
630:
461:
recorded 266,136 people born in Germany, making them the fourth-largest foreign-born group after
231:
1803:
1638:
1625:
1393:
1122:
585:
301:
242:
235:
2333:
1813:
1808:
1788:
1433:
391:
335:
168:
693:
1926:
1620:
1114:
704:
697:
383:
239:
223:
998:"2011 Census: QS203EW Country of birth (detailed), local authorities in England and Wales"
8:
2302:
2017:
1828:
1793:
1088:
600:
438:
2176:
2142:
196:
Does not include ethnic Germans born in the United Kingdom or those with German ancestry
2328:
2297:
2287:
2081:
2044:
2002:
1818:
1762:
1697:
1648:
1615:
1603:
1598:
1570:
1534:
979:
620:
470:
427:
414:) of their titles. Even today, the Royal Family is sometimes parodied as being German.
286:
274:
184:
1963:
277:
peninsula, which is the region from where they came from, making the English people a
2076:
2012:
1992:
1987:
1936:
1921:
1868:
1840:
1823:
1767:
1707:
1702:
1608:
971:
928:
666:
543:
387:
309:
176:
983:
673:
who became a British subject, and whose immediate descendants were his youngest son
2292:
2272:
2250:
2154:
2064:
2049:
2039:
2022:
1977:
1969:
1941:
1845:
1798:
1783:
1717:
1685:
1658:
1653:
1563:
1426:
1405:
1292:
961:
571:
524:
509:
399:
370:
339:
293:
282:
266:
262:
89:
868:
2110:
2007:
1997:
1958:
1630:
1544:
1527:
1500:
616:
482:
422:
395:
324:
278:
112:
108:
378:
abolishing the German titles held by members of his family in the United Kingdom
1750:
1735:
1712:
1668:
1634:
1575:
1472:
564:
493:
466:
458:
410:
deprived three British princes (two from the House of Hanover and one from the
258:
211:
35:
1104:
627:
news agency, now one of the large financial media organisations in the world.
2406:
2205:
2088:
1680:
1663:
1642:
1488:
1322:
654:
646:
589:
160:
761:"Table UV204 - Country of birth: Country by Country of Birth by Individuals"
2054:
1556:
975:
826:
682:
662:
650:
638:
354:
270:
254:
2384:
1832:
552:
297:
140:
132:
124:
2188:
642:
568:
542:
lived most of his adult life in England, becoming a British citizen by
478:
453:
Germany-born residents by ethnic group (2021 census, England and Wales)
431:
343:
2125:
1549:
966:
949:
827:
German-Language Newspapers and Journals Published in London Since 1810
1946:
1479:
1087:
Figure given is the central estimate. See the source for 95 per cent
612:
486:
474:
786:. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. 22 September 2022
599:
In business and commerce, Germans have also been highly successful.
323:'s government had invited them, with the plan to settle them in the
2210:
2200:
505:
435:
403:
375:
71:
2265:
2260:
2255:
2222:
1449:
1047:. Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. Archived from
624:
604:
497:
406:
famously relinquished all his titles he held in Germany, and the
350:
305:
226:. While those born in Germany constitute one of the UK's largest
58:
2232:
1418:
2348:
2343:
2120:
2027:
578:
575:
358:
338:
prince, ascended to the British throne and founded the British
2164:
501:
84:
41:
Germany-born residents in the United Kingdom: 290,736 – 0.4%
1144:
349:
Edward VII did not take a German spouse, but his wife was a
2360:
2227:
535:
16:
One of the largest ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom
1109:
921:
Beyond Black and White: Mapping new immigrant communities
257:, who are one of the ancestors and forefathers of modern
865:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
649:) can trace their roots back to Germany and have the
596:. He became a subject of the British crown in 1727.
346:, in the 20th century, would take a German spouse.
1000:. Office for National Statistics. 11 December 2012
707:serves German families in the UK's capital city.
2404:
784:"MS-A17: Country of birth - intermediate detail"
675:Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma
611:founded with his brother, the London-based firm
398:, it legally changed it to the English-sounding
315:In 1709 and 1710, thousands of Germans from the
733:
731:
1063:
839:"Country of birth (extended) and ethnic group"
753:
567:dedicated to the life and works of the famous
444:
2086:
1434:
1130:
889:
887:
885:
2382:
1554:
1486:
1470:
1463:
950:"UK resident population by country of birth"
728:
269:and gave name to the modern German state of
2392:Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
717:List of British people with German ancestry
496:recorded 262,356 Germany-born residents in
1441:
1427:
1137:
1123:
882:
659:John Jacob Astor, 1st Baron Astor of Hever
265:who came from northern Germany during the
1045:"Country of Birth – Full Detail: QS206NI"
965:
637:. As far as influential families go, the
361:prince of predominantly-German ancestry.
342:. Every subsequent British monarch until
1145:European diasporas in the United Kingdom
692:
534:
448:
363:
1972:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
1966:(including German, Swiss and Austrians)
990:
776:
588:, one of the greatest composers of the
2405:
918:
912:
635:Royal College of General Practitioners
222:) have German ancestry, including the
98:119,354 (England and Wales only, 2021)
2413:German diaspora in the United Kingdom
1422:
1118:
947:
941:
633:was the founder and president of the
925:Institute for Public Policy Research
739:"TS012: Country of birth (detailed)"
653:named in honour of family patriarch
853:
615:, today one of the world's largest
13:
1110:German Historical Institute London
527:, where there is a German school.
327:. Some stayed in the London area.
14:
2429:
1448:
1098:
390:until 1917, when, in response to
292:More recent examples include the
2418:British people of German descent
841:. Office for National Statistics
808:. Office for National Statistics
741:. Office for National Statistics
679:Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
77:
64:
51:
34:
1037:
1012:
95:German citizens/passports held:
1075:Office for National Statistics
1025:. National Records of Scotland
831:
820:
798:
763:. National Records of Scotland
517:Office for National Statistics
412:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
238:, who were born in Germany to
190:
1:
1020:"Country of birth (detailed)"
721:
641:(present in the UK today via
208:Germans in the United Kingdom
23:Germans in the United Kingdom
688:
561:Herschel Museum of Astronomy
530:
386:retained the German surname
317:Electorate of the Palatinate
7:
1873:Alsatians and Lotharingians
861:"Country-of-birth database"
563:, an independent museum in
445:Population and distribution
408:Titles Deprivation Act 1917
10:
2434:
714:
671:Prince Louis of Battenberg
308:; sugar bakers; and other
248:
153:Germans in the Netherlands
2375:
2321:
2243:
2101:
1912:
1892:
1856:
1776:
1728:
1591:
1515:
1508:
1499:
1456:
1381:
1338:
1275:
1229:
1222:
1186:
1150:
151:
146:
123:
118:
107:
102:
32:
27:
1256:Nordic and Scandinavians
609:Johann Heinrich Schröder
557:Hans Holbein the Younger
1893:Multinational dimension
1105:Goethe Institute London
806:"TS005: Passports held"
710:
631:Ekkehard von Kuenssberg
374:cartoon depicting King
325:North American colonies
2383:
2087:
1814:Bosnia and Herzegovina
1555:
1487:
1471:
1464:
919:Kyambi, Sarah (2005).
895:"Born abroad: Germany"
700:
586:George Frideric Handel
547:
540:Georg Friedrich Händel
454:
417:In terms of religion,
379:
219:
214:, and many Britons or
87:: 11,114 – 0.4% (2021)
74:: 23,315 – 0.4% (2022)
61:: 252,252– 0.4% (2021)
696:
681:and husband of Queen
603:, the world's oldest
574:, who discovered the
538:
452:
392:anti-German sentiment
367:
243:personnel based there
169:German New Zealanders
147:Related ethnic groups
92:: 4,053 – 0.2% (2021)
2313:United Arab Emirates
1621:Transylvanian Saxons
1089:confidence intervals
705:German School London
698:German School London
669:'s roots go back to
601:Backes & Strauss
384:British Royal Family
224:British royal family
1900:Central and Eastern
1804:Italy (South Tyrol)
948:Ellis, Amy (2009).
677:, and his grandson
439:Dietrich Bonhoeffer
228:foreign-born groups
24:
2045:Pennsylvania Dutch
701:
621:Paul Julius Reuter
548:
455:
380:
185:Germans in Ireland
22:
2400:
2399:
2371:
2370:
1908:
1907:
1708:Russian Mennonite
1416:
1415:
1271:
1270:
967:10.1057/pt.2009.5
954:Population Trends
667:Battenberg family
559:, as well as the
544:Act of Parliament
388:Saxe-Coburg-Gotha
310:economic migrants
296:merchants of the
287:Germanic language
232:British nationals
205:
204:
177:Germans in France
2425:
2388:
2339:Papua New Guinea
2177:Kapitaï and Koba
2143:Kapitaï and Koba
2092:
1970:Los Lagos Region
1952:British Columbia
1560:
1513:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1492:
1476:
1467:
1443:
1436:
1429:
1420:
1419:
1406:Irish Travellers
1276:Southeast Europe
1227:
1226:
1139:
1132:
1125:
1116:
1115:
1092:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1077:. 28 August 2014
1067:
1061:
1060:
1058:
1056:
1041:
1035:
1034:
1032:
1030:
1024:
1016:
1010:
1009:
1007:
1005:
994:
988:
987:
969:
945:
939:
938:
916:
910:
909:
907:
906:
891:
880:
879:
877:
876:
867:. Archived from
857:
851:
850:
848:
846:
835:
829:
824:
818:
817:
815:
813:
802:
796:
795:
793:
791:
780:
774:
772:
770:
768:
757:
751:
750:
748:
746:
735:
665:in England. The
617:investment banks
572:William Herschel
510:Northern Ireland
340:House of Hanover
283:English language
267:Migration Period
240:British military
236:German nationals
197:
194:
90:Northern Ireland
83:
81:
80:
70:
68:
67:
57:
55:
54:
39:
38:
28:Total population
25:
21:
2433:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2403:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2367:
2317:
2239:
2097:
1964:Los Ríos Region
1904:
1888:
1852:
1777:Southern Europe
1772:
1746:North Schleswig
1729:Northern Europe
1724:
1587:
1528:Sudeten Germans
1495:
1452:
1447:
1417:
1412:
1377:
1339:Southern Europe
1334:
1267:
1223:Northern Europe
1218:
1182:
1146:
1143:
1101:
1096:
1095:
1080:
1078:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1054:
1052:
1051:on 4 March 2016
1043:
1042:
1038:
1028:
1026:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1013:
1003:
1001:
996:
995:
991:
946:
942:
935:
917:
913:
904:
902:
893:
892:
883:
874:
872:
859:
858:
854:
844:
842:
837:
836:
832:
825:
821:
811:
809:
804:
803:
799:
789:
787:
782:
781:
777:
766:
764:
759:
758:
754:
744:
742:
737:
736:
729:
724:
719:
713:
691:
533:
508:, and 3,908 in
483:North Yorkshire
447:
423:Lutheran Church
396:First World War
279:Germanic people
263:Germanic people
251:
201:
200:
195:
191:
109:British English
97:
93:
88:
78:
76:
75:
65:
63:
62:
52:
50:
49:
42:
33:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2431:
2421:
2420:
2415:
2398:
2397:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2364:
2363:
2356:German Samoans
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2336:
2331:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2316:
2315:
2310:
2305:
2300:
2295:
2290:
2285:
2280:
2275:
2270:
2269:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2235:
2230:
2225:
2215:
2214:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2193:
2192:
2191:
2181:
2180:
2179:
2169:
2168:
2167:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2135:
2130:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2113:
2107:
2105:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2079:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2037:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2020:
2015:
2010:
2005:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1974:
1973:
1967:
1956:
1955:
1954:
1949:
1939:
1934:
1929:
1924:
1918:
1916:
1910:
1909:
1906:
1905:
1903:
1902:
1896:
1894:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1884:United Kingdom
1881:
1876:
1866:
1860:
1858:
1857:Western Europe
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1838:
1837:
1836:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1753:
1751:Potato Germans
1748:
1738:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1722:
1721:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1690:
1689:
1688:
1686:North Caucasus
1683:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1656:
1651:
1646:
1628:
1623:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1601:
1595:
1593:
1592:Eastern Europe
1589:
1588:
1586:
1585:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1568:
1567:
1566:
1561:
1552:
1547:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1523:Czech Republic
1519:
1517:
1516:Central Europe
1510:
1503:
1497:
1496:
1494:
1493:
1484:
1483:
1482:
1473:Reichsdeutsche
1468:
1465:Bundesdeutsche
1460:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1446:
1445:
1438:
1431:
1423:
1414:
1413:
1411:
1410:
1409:
1408:
1398:
1397:
1396:
1385:
1383:
1382:Western Europe
1379:
1378:
1376:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1342:
1340:
1336:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1331:
1330:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1268:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1263:
1253:
1252:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1230:
1224:
1220:
1219:
1217:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1187:Eastern Europe
1184:
1183:
1181:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1154:
1152:
1151:Central Europe
1148:
1147:
1142:
1141:
1134:
1127:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1100:
1099:External links
1097:
1094:
1093:
1062:
1036:
1011:
989:
960:(135): 20–28.
940:
933:
911:
881:
852:
830:
819:
797:
775:
752:
726:
725:
723:
720:
715:Main article:
712:
709:
690:
687:
661:, founded the
594:King George II
532:
529:
494:2011 UK Census
459:2001 UK Census
446:
443:
357:would marry a
259:English people
250:
247:
234:, rather than
220:Deutsch-Briten
216:German British
212:United Kingdom
203:
202:
199:
198:
188:
187:
149:
148:
144:
143:
121:
120:
116:
115:
105:
104:
100:
99:
45:2021/22 Census
30:
29:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2430:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2410:
2408:
2393:
2390:
2387:
2386:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2362:
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934:1-86030-284-X
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871:on 2011-05-04
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37:
31:
26:
2184:South Africa
1883:
1557:Walddeutsche
1371:Iberian Jews
1199:Azerbaijanis
1167:
1079:. Retrieved
1065:
1053:. Retrieved
1049:the original
1039:
1027:. Retrieved
1014:
1002:. Retrieved
992:
957:
953:
943:
920:
914:
903:. Retrieved
901:. 2005-09-07
898:
873:. Retrieved
869:the original
855:
843:. Retrieved
833:
822:
810:. Retrieved
800:
788:. Retrieved
778:
765:. Retrieved
755:
743:. Retrieved
702:
683:Elizabeth II
651:Freud Museum
629:
623:founded the
598:
583:
549:
522:
514:
504:, 22,274 in
500:, 11,208 in
491:
456:
416:
381:
369:
355:Elizabeth II
348:
329:
314:
291:
271:Lower Saxony
255:Anglo-Saxons
252:
215:
207:
206:
192:
180:
172:
164:
156:
136:
128:
94:
40:
19:Ethnic group
2385:Ostsiedlung
2334:New Zealand
2308:Philippines
2150:Ivory Coast
2035:Puerto Rico
1988:El Salvador
1879:Netherlands
1833:Gottscheers
1633:(including
1583:Switzerland
1308:Macedonians
1249:Lithuanians
1204:Belarusians
553:Renaissance
394:during the
334:, a German
302:Reformation
298:Middle Ages
230:, many are
141:Anglicanism
133:Lutheranism
125:Catholicism
2407:Categories
2298:Kyrgyzstan
2288:Kazakhstan
2189:Afrikaners
1983:Costa Rica
1947:Hutterites
1809:Yugoslavia
1789:Azerbaijan
1698:Bessarabia
1457:Historical
1361:Portuguese
1288:Bulgarians
1214:Ukrainians
1173:Hungarians
923:. London:
905:2009-10-04
875:2009-10-04
722:References
619:. In 1851
584:In music,
569:astronomer
479:Colchester
471:Pakistanis
419:St Georges
344:Edward VII
336:Hanoverian
321:Queen Anne
2329:Australia
2082:Venezuela
2065:Palatines
2013:Nicaragua
1993:Guatemala
1922:Argentina
1703:Black Sea
1649:Satu Mare
1609:Black Sea
1480:Palatines
1366:Spaniards
1313:Romanians
1283:Albanians
1239:Estonians
1194:Armenians
1158:Austrians
689:Education
613:Schroders
581:in 1781.
531:Influence
487:Aldershot
475:Wiltshire
330:In 1714,
294:Hanseatic
261:, were a
218:(German:
103:Languages
2376:See also
2303:Pakistan
2211:Zanzibar
2201:Bagamoyo
2196:Tanzania
2116:Cameroon
2050:Nebraska
2018:Paraguay
1978:Colombia
1914:Americas
1846:Bosporus
1829:Slovenia
1794:Bulgaria
1654:Bukovina
1639:Highland
1626:Landlers
1571:Slovakia
1501:Diaspora
1394:Huguenot
1351:Italians
1303:Kosovans
1293:Cypriots
1244:Latvians
1209:Russians
984:11882683
976:19391440
899:BBC News
845:28 March
812:28 March
745:28 March
555:painter
525:Richmond
506:Scotland
436:activist
428:East End
404:George V
376:George V
332:George I
281:and the
273:and the
119:Religion
72:Scotland
2322:Oceania
2266:Tianjin
2261:Qingdao
2256:Beijing
2223:Baguida
2172:Senegal
2160:Nigeria
2155:Namibia
2126:Yaoundé
2077:Uruguay
2070:by city
2003:Jamaica
1932:Bolivia
1864:Belgium
1819:Croatia
1799:Georgia
1784:Armenia
1763:Finland
1741:Denmark
1718:Galicia
1693:Ukraine
1659:Dobruja
1616:Romania
1604:Moldova
1599:Belarus
1564:Galicia
1550:Olęders
1545:Vistula
1535:Hungary
1356:Maltese
1168:Germans
1081:21 June
1055:21 June
1029:21 June
1004:21 June
655:Sigmund
647:Matthew
625:Reuters
605:diamond
590:Baroque
498:England
467:Indians
402:. King
400:Windsor
306:Hamburg
275:Anglian
249:History
59:England
2349:Rabaul
2344:Kokopo
2278:Israel
2138:Guinea
2121:Douala
2111:Angola
2103:Africa
2028:Pozuzo
2008:Mexico
1942:Canada
1937:Brazil
1927:Belize
1869:France
1841:Turkey
1824:Serbia
1768:Sweden
1758:Norway
1713:Crimea
1676:Russia
1669:Zipser
1643:Walser
1641:, and
1631:Danube
1576:Zipser
1540:Poland
1509:Europe
1389:French
1328:London
1298:Greeks
1261:Swedes
1234:Baltic
1163:Czechs
982:
974:
931:
790:25 May
767:24 May
639:Freuds
579:Uranus
576:planet
432:Jewish
351:Danish
181:·
179:
173:·
171:
165:·
163:
157:·
155:
137:·
135:
129:·
127:
113:German
82:
69:
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2293:Korea
2283:Japan
2273:India
2251:China
2165:Lagos
2133:Ghana
2060:Omaha
2055:Texas
1998:Haiti
1959:Chile
1681:Volga
1664:Regat
1635:Banat
1401:Irish
1323:Turks
1318:Serbs
1178:Poles
1023:(PDF)
980:S2CID
502:Wales
463:Irish
371:Punch
368:1917
359:Greek
183:
175:
167:
159:
139:
131:
85:Wales
2361:Apia
2244:Asia
2233:Lomé
2228:Sebe
2218:Togo
2023:Peru
1083:2015
1057:2015
1031:2015
1006:2015
972:PMID
929:ISBN
847:2023
814:2023
792:2023
769:2024
747:2023
711:List
703:The
645:and
643:Emma
565:Bath
515:The
492:The
485:and
469:and
457:The
421:, a
382:The
253:The
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47:)
43:(
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