2881:
414:
2893:
308:. Most went to China, the United States, or Australia, but those who had been educated in Dutch preferentially chose the Netherlands as their destination; there are no exact statistics, but the migrants themselves estimate that about 5,000 arrived during this period. As with the students, these migrants tended to speak no Chinese, with Indonesian languages as their mother tongues and Dutch as their academic language. In the late 1970s and early 1980s,
482:. The divide shows up most clearly in the education of children; few international students send their children to the schools established by the old overseas Chinese, deriding them as low-quality schools "for the children of the restaurant families" and employing low-quality teachers. In contrast, the old overseas Chinese describe the students as arrogant, and view themselves as the "real representatives of the Chinese community in the Netherlands".
1434:
319:. Factors which influenced this popularity included the tuition fees, which were relatively lower than those in the United Kingdom, and the ease of obtaining a student visa as compared to the United States. In the beginning, these were PRC government-financed students, consisting of top students selected by examination, and gained admission at prestigious Dutch universities such as
445:
embarrassing members of older generations who had stressed "invisibility and self-reliance". In the end, the government did not grant the
Chinese official minority status as the Chinese did not want government subsidies and minority status. However, stereotypical mainstream views only strengthened, especially as a result of several heavily publicised tragedies such as the
379:
over that same period, with both overseas-born and Dutch-born segments showing a similar level of growth. In contrast, the number of persons of Hong Kong background has shown only mild growth, entirely due to natural increase rather than additional migration; in fact the stock of Hong Kong migrants fell by 5.6% during the same period.
435:
Chinese in the
Netherlands are often perceived to be "snakeheads", participating in smuggling Chinese migrants from Eastern Europe to the United Kingdom. In the 1980s, the Dutch government, considering the poor Dutch language abilities and lack of integration by many members of the Chinese community,
431:
Chinese students themselves, comparing the
Netherlands to the United States, state that the Netherlands offers a peaceful and not-particularly-challenging life, but fewer opportunities; one popular saying among them is that excellent students find the Netherlands too small to fulfill their ambitions,
378:
Totalling 80,198 persons. This represents growth of 92.8% compared to the population in 1996, the earliest year for which statistics are available. However, the various groups within the population show sharply differing growth trends. The number of persons of mainland
Chinese background grew by 152%
444:
migrants. This proved to be extremely controversial among the
Chinese community; the widespread discussions in Dutch media of the problems in the community led to public perception of the Chinese as illegal migrants working for low pay and incapable of solving their own community problems, strongly
489:
tend to stay out of such conflict; having largely entered the liberal professions they also look down on the "restaurant
Chinese", but in return other Chinese often view them as not "really Chinese". They rarely join any of the associations set up by other Chinese migrants or their descendants,
1312:
Klaas Stutje, 'The
Complex World of the Chung Hwa Hui: International Engagements of Chinese Indonesian Peranakan Students in the Netherlands, 1918-1931.' Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde/Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 171.4 (2015):
1299:
289:; in 1957, out of the roughly 1,400 ethnic Chinese from Indonesia in the Netherlands, 1,000 were students. In 1911, these students established the Chung Hwa Hui, which was in contact with various Chinese organizations and political parties in Europe. Largely of
222:(ROC), or people with at least one such parent. However, these statistics do not capture the whole size of the Chinese community, which since its earliest days has included not just migrants from China, but people of Chinese ethnicity drawn from among
1293:
323:. However, in the 1990s, more privately financed students, students on Dutch scholarships, and short-term exchange students began to arrive. By 2002, embassy figures showed roughly 4,000 PRC students in the Netherlands.
1275:
Staring, Richard (2008), "Controlling Human
Smuggling in the Netherlands: How the Smuggling of Human Beings Was Transformed into a Serious Criminal Offence", in Siegel, Dina; Nelen, Hans (eds.),
2076:
1438:
1254:
2681:
1472:
312:
also became a significant source of
Chinese migrants to the Netherlands, with about 600 to 800 per year, falling off to around 300 to 400 per year by the late 1980s.
385:
The
Chinese in the Netherlands are not particularly geographically concentrated; more than half work in the restaurant trade, and because they prefer to open
281:
Another group of early ethnic Chinese in the Netherlands were students; they were largely not from China, however, but were instead drawn from among
304:
Though the number of Chinese students from Indonesia dropped off, tens of thousands of ethnic Chinese were forced to leave the country due to the
1465:
2204:
2913:
2606:
1865:
397:, but it is purely a commercial district, rather than a mixed-use residential/commercial district as in Chinatowns in other countries.
2933:
1458:
2928:
2127:
1675:
297:
as their mother tongues, and had already done their early education at Dutch-medium schools. However, with increasing tensions in
2003:
2702:
2235:
2198:
1697:
2194:
1361:
1284:
1266:
1244:
1226:
2918:
2757:
2157:
1827:
1649:
2923:
1005:
298:
2829:
2425:
2147:
1570:
336:
305:
1324:
Pieke, F. N.; Guillon, Michelle; Ma Mung, Emmanuel (1992), "Immigration et entreprenariat: les Chinois aux Pays-Bas",
1702:
1537:
1386:
Liu, Cha-Hsuan; Ingleby, David; Meeuwesen, Ludwien (2011), "Barriers to Health Care for Chinese in the Netherlands",
1217:
Li, Minghuan (1998), "Living Among Three Walls? The Peranakan Chinese in the Netherlands", in Sinn, Elizabeth (ed.),
382:
There is also migration of Surinamese Hakkas to the Netherlands who constitute about 10% of the Chinese population.
1611:
1522:
937:
1811:
432:
and leave of their own volition, while average and below-average students are forced out of the country entirely.
1481:
932:
593:
2493:
1858:
1564:
2814:
2211:
1832:
1790:
1606:
211:
56:
Statistics for people born in the People's Republic of China or the Republic of China and their children only
464:
There are also some intra-community tensions between recent expatriates, especially students, and the older
2560:
2405:
2346:
2341:
2253:
2049:
2044:
2034:
1926:
1734:
1687:
1682:
1627:
1527:
1510:
1505:
437:
2708:
2575:
1749:
1692:
1495:
516:
2871:
2859:
2752:
2731:
2669:
2664:
2570:
2565:
2372:
2088:
2024:
1993:
1972:
1962:
1806:
1632:
1601:
1596:
1591:
1575:
1532:
1517:
234:
Early Chinese labour migration to the Netherlands was drawn primarily from two sources: peddlers from
2686:
2676:
2659:
2638:
2633:
2454:
2309:
2054:
2029:
1998:
1946:
1941:
1910:
1895:
1851:
1780:
1670:
1642:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2643:
2601:
2596:
2388:
2263:
2117:
2083:
2039:
2019:
1977:
1714:
1709:
1665:
1500:
1370:
Geense, Paul (2003), "Chinese migranten in Nederland", in de Neef, Milleke; Tenwolde, Hans (eds.),
569:
441:
274:" ("peanut man"). Their numbers dropped as a result of voluntary outmigration and deportations; by
2736:
2726:
2367:
2362:
2289:
1967:
1931:
1905:
1900:
527:
1450:
2824:
2591:
2071:
1936:
1444:
927: – Self-defense force of the Chinese-Indonesian community during the Indonesian Revolution
737:
689:
659:
450:
294:
2802:
803:
563:
539:
149:
2488:
647:
421:
2060:
118:
among older migrants and their descendants; circa 2002 recent expatriates typically speak
8:
2851:
2797:
2410:
2314:
2258:
2229:
2222:
2188:
2181:
1637:
919:
815:
755:
551:
446:
389:
where they have less competition, they tend to spread out to towns all over the country.
94:
2897:
2762:
2522:
2304:
2284:
2279:
2152:
1410:
881:
797:
743:
653:
611:
486:
469:
285:. From a group of 20 in 1911, their numbers continued to increase, interrupted only by
282:
207:
545:
436:
began to consider officially recognising them as a disadvantaged minority, similar to
413:
315:
Also in the 1980s, the Netherlands began to become a popular choice for students from
2437:
2398:
2393:
2299:
2216:
2175:
2142:
2109:
1415:
1375:
1357:
1341:
1280:
1262:
1240:
1222:
1127:
809:
623:
320:
219:
98:
2839:
2834:
2819:
2476:
2294:
2137:
2132:
2066:
1874:
1785:
1405:
1395:
1333:
887:
845:
767:
617:
587:
581:
473:
465:
417:
262:, many of the seamen were laid off and also took to street peddling, especially of
259:
223:
203:
189:
169:
119:
107:
2809:
2696:
2527:
2432:
2415:
1773:
893:
857:
833:
749:
731:
719:
707:
629:
386:
366:
8,440 persons with at least one parent born in Hong Kong (4,300 men, 4,140 women)
251:
2537:
1123:
2542:
2122:
1744:
635:
500:
316:
301:
in the late 1950s and early 1960s, the number of students dropped off sharply.
255:
181:
115:
90:
2532:
363:
17,564 persons with at least one parent born in China (9,002 men, 8,562 women)
2907:
2459:
2167:
1768:
1345:
899:
851:
821:
683:
665:
641:
605:
575:
521:
512:
478:
425:
1379:
2885:
2505:
1756:
1419:
1337:
905:
875:
869:
701:
671:
533:
286:
275:
157:
131:
103:
1400:
524:(1902–1996), women's rights activist, physician, economist, and politician
2447:
1352:
Benton, G.; Pieke, F. N., eds. (1998), "The Chinese in the Netherlands",
1255:"A Group in Transition: Chinese Students and Scholars in the Netherlands"
791:
695:
599:
506:
332:
243:
127:
123:
111:
372:
531 persons with at least one parent born in Taiwan (273 men, 258 women)
210:. In 2018 official statistics showed 92,644 people originating from the
2515:
2498:
2469:
2442:
2420:
924:
827:
779:
725:
713:
785:
773:
677:
557:
402:
398:
394:
390:
309:
290:
247:
215:
77:
72:
67:
1279:, Studies of Organized Crime, New York: Springer, pp. 165–181,
369:
36 persons with at least one parent born in Macau (18 men, 18 women)
2510:
1843:
1761:
1739:
863:
674:(born 1965), radio and television presenter, journalist, and writer
239:
235:
144:
2481:
2464:
1480:
839:
761:
458:
1433:
153:
1447:, a webpage from the International Institute of Social History
454:
346:
41,533 mainland China-born persons (19,466 men, 22,067 women)
1235:
Pieke, F. N. (1999), "The Netherlands", in Pan, Lynn (ed.),
578:(born 1941), radio and television producer and journalist
1259:
Globalizing Chinese Migration: trends in Europe and Asia
1257:, in Nyíri, Pál; Savelʹev, Igorʹ Rostislavovich (eds.),
1298:, The Hague: Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek, 2014,
254:
community; the latter had initially been brought in as
752:(born 1975), singer, actress, and television presenter
2869:
1374:, vol. 25, Maarssen: Elsevier, pp. 83–110,
1149:
1147:
776:(born 1978), theoretical physicist and neuroscientist
349:
9,757 Hong Kong-born persons (4,808 men, 4,949 women)
1385:
1323:
1006:
BUN schat aantal boeddhisten in Nederland op 57.500
530:(1907–2003), businessman and Formula One team owner
1144:
1128:http://chinatownology.com/chinatown_rotterdam.html
2905:
1221:, Hong Kong University Press, pp. 167–184,
1022:
355:2,254 Taiwan-born persons (830 men, 1,424 women)
306:violent political situation in Indonesia in 1965
1326:Revue Européenne des Migrations Internationales
1277:Organized Crime: Culture, Markets, and Policies
449:, in which 58 Chinese migrants suffocated in a
268:(peanut cakes); the Dutch referred to them as "
1295:Population by origin and generation, 1 January
1239:, Harvard University Press, pp. 322–327,
716:(born 1969), businessman and media personality
326:
1859:
1482:Ethnic and national groups in the Netherlands
1466:
1124:https://denhaag.com/en/location/179/chinatown
1003:15.000 Chinese Buddhists in the Netherlands:
824:(born 1987), actress and television presenter
197:
37:
31:
1439:People of the Netherlands of Chinese descent
1070:
1068:
608:(1950–2017), singer and television presenter
408:
283:Chinese communities in the Dutch East Indies
1351:
975:
973:
971:
490:instead preferring their own associations.
269:
263:
25:
1866:
1852:
1473:
1459:
728:(born 1970), politician and trade unionist
2443:Peranakan / Baba Nyonya / Straits Chinese
1409:
1399:
1219:The Last Half Century of Chinese Overseas
1065:
959:
957:
503:(1874–1927), landowner and philanthropist
343:Persons born outside of the Netherlands:
1388:International Journal of Family Medicine
1261:, Ashgate Publishing, pp. 173–188,
1237:The encyclopedia of the Chinese overseas
1034:
1032:
1030:
968:
848:(born 1994), model and interior designer
710:(born 1968), football player and manager
698:(born 1967), football player and manager
668:(born 1964), football player and manager
644:(born 1958), teacher and radio presenter
412:
352:83 Macau-born persons (31 men, 52 women)
242:who began arriving in the country after
2854:of France in the western Indian Ocean.
1274:
1153:
722:(born 1970), television program creator
2906:
1369:
954:
884:(born 2001), dissident and commentator
782:(born 1981), pool and billiards player
493:
1847:
1454:
1356:, Macmillan Press, pp. 125–167,
1234:
1165:
1074:
1027:
979:
818:(born 1986), visual artist and singer
662:(born 1963), businessman and criminal
566:(born 1937), jurist and visual artist
542:(1921–2017), sculptor and illustrator
536:(1918–1975), businessman and criminal
509:(1898–1965), politician and landowner
453:on their way from the Netherlands to
293:origin, the students tended to speak
1873:
229:
62:Regions with significant populations
1302:from the original on 6 October 2014
1292:
1018:
963:
656:(born 1961), professor and lyricist
515:(1900–1995), former officer of the
13:
1317:
1252:
1216:
1201:
1189:
1177:
1138:
1110:
1098:
1086:
1059:
1038:
991:
596:(born 1946), human rights activist
337:Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek
14:
2945:
2914:Asian diaspora in the Netherlands
1426:
360:Persons born in the Netherlands:
178:Chinese people in the Netherlands
23:Chinese people in the Netherlands
2934:Ethnic groups in the Netherlands
2891:
2879:
1432:
806:(born 1984), table tennis player
740:(born 1973), table tennis player
692:(born 1967), political scientist
472:-speaking, while the former use
2929:Dutch people of Chinese descent
1195:
1183:
1171:
1159:
1132:
1116:
1104:
1092:
1080:
830:(born 1990), singer and actress
770:(born 1977), singer and actress
614:(born 1951), writer and painter
299:Indonesia–Netherlands relations
1053:
1044:
1012:
997:
985:
758:(born 1976), model and actress
1:
943:
788:(born 1982), badminton player
764:(born 1977), badminton player
560:(born 1937), fashion designer
405:also have similar districts.
331:As of 2012, figures from the
278:, fewer than 1,000 remained.
1999:Democratic Republic of Congo
1372:Handboek Interculturele Zorg
938:Netherlands–Taiwan relations
908:(born 2003), football player
902:(born 2003), football player
896:(born 2003), football player
890:(born 2001), football player
878:(born 1999), football player
836:(born 1991), football player
812:(born 1986), football player
800:(born 1983), football player
746:(born 1974), football player
638:(born 1956), football player
594:Lilian Gonçalves-Ho Kang You
250:origin drawn from among the
7:
2919:Chinese diaspora by country
933:China–Netherlands relations
913:
517:National Revolutionary Army
487:Indonesian-speaking Chinese
327:Demographic characteristics
10:
2950:
2924:Chinese diaspora in Europe
1210:
860:(born 1996), tennis player
842:(born 1992), figure skater
794:(born 1982), racing driver
686:(born 1966), film director
680:(born 1966), visual artist
584:(born 1945), visual artist
554:(born 1937), visual artist
295:Indonesian local languages
212:People's Republic of China
202:) form one of the largest
2848:
2790:
2745:
2719:
2652:
2626:
2619:
2584:
2553:
2381:
2355:
2334:
2327:
2272:
2246:
2166:
2108:
2101:
2012:
1986:
1955:
1919:
1888:
1881:
1820:
1799:
1727:
1658:
1620:
1584:
1553:
1546:
1488:
704:(born 1968), chess player
468:. The latter are largely
409:Integration and community
198:
193:
168:
163:
143:
138:
89:
84:
66:
61:
50:
45:
38:
32:
1445:The Chinese of Amsterdam
948:
548:(born 1933), illustrator
632:(born 1955), politician
626:(born 1952), politician
602:(1948–2020), politician
590:(born 1945), politician
53:0.54% of the population
1338:10.3406/remi.1992.1336
1023:see detailed breakdown
451:refrigerated container
428:
424:, at the start of the
422:Chinatown of The Hague
270:
264:
185:
26:
1354:The Chinese in Europe
1253:Li, Minghuan (2002),
620:(1952–2015), criminal
570:Carry-Ann Tjong Ayong
416:
226:communities as well.
186:Chinezen in Nederland
164:Related ethnic groups
150:Chinese folk religion
27:Chinezen in Nederland
2607:United Arab Emirates
2499:Straits-Born Chinese
1441:at Wikimedia Commons
1009:. Retrieved 31-12-14
872:(born 1997), actress
854:(born 1996), pianist
420:celebrations in the
258:in 1911. During the
2852:overseas department
2158:Trinidad and Tobago
1401:10.1155/2011/635853
920:Chinese Indonesians
690:Monika Sie Dhian Ho
650:(born 1960), writer
572:(born 1941), writer
552:Guillaume Lo-A-Njoe
494:Notable individuals
485:The descendants of
447:2000 Dover incident
387:Chinese restaurants
42:
2860:Hong Kong Diaspora
2128:Dominican Republic
866:(born 1997), actor
798:Cerezo Fung a Wing
744:Etienne Shew-Atjon
734:(1972–2006), rower
564:William Man A Hing
540:Dolf Wong Lun Hing
429:
208:continental Europe
22:
2867:
2866:
2806:
2786:
2785:
2705:
2615:
2614:
2494:Chinese nationals
2421:Peranakan Chinese
2323:
2322:
2236:by city and state
2232:
2225:
2191:
2184:
2097:
2096:
2004:Republic of Congo
1841:
1840:
1723:
1722:
1437:Media related to
1363:978-0-312-17526-9
1286:978-0-387-74733-0
1268:978-0-7546-1793-8
1246:978-0-674-25210-3
1228:978-962-209-446-8
810:Calvin Jong-a-Pin
624:Varina Tjon-A-Ten
321:Leiden University
230:Migration history
220:Republic of China
214:(PRC) (including
175:
174:
57:
2941:
2896:
2895:
2894:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2875:
2830:Papua New Guinea
2800:
2701:
2624:
2623:
2332:
2331:
2228:
2221:
2195:British Columbia
2187:
2180:
2106:
2105:
1886:
1885:
1875:Overseas Chinese
1868:
1861:
1854:
1845:
1844:
1551:
1550:
1475:
1468:
1461:
1452:
1451:
1436:
1422:
1413:
1403:
1382:
1366:
1348:
1309:
1308:
1307:
1289:
1271:
1249:
1231:
1205:
1199:
1193:
1187:
1181:
1175:
1169:
1163:
1157:
1151:
1142:
1136:
1130:
1120:
1114:
1108:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1063:
1057:
1051:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1025:
1016:
1010:
1001:
995:
989:
983:
977:
966:
961:
888:Nathan Tjoe-A-On
846:Yasmin Verheijen
816:Evita Tjon A Ten
768:Birgit Schuurman
756:Jennifer de Jong
588:Roy Ho Ten Soeng
466:overseas Chinese
426:Year of the Goat
418:Chinese New Year
273:
267:
260:Great Depression
246:, and seamen of
224:overseas Chinese
204:overseas Chinese
201:
200:
195:
170:Overseas Chinese
108:Chinese dialects
55:
46:Total population
43:
41:
40:
35:
34:
29:
21:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2942:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2904:
2903:
2902:
2892:
2890:
2880:
2878:
2870:
2868:
2863:
2862:
2844:
2782:
2741:
2715:
2648:
2611:
2580:
2549:
2426:Bangka-Belitung
2416:Benteng Chinese
2377:
2351:
2319:
2268:
2242:
2162:
2093:
2008:
1982:
1951:
1915:
1877:
1872:
1842:
1837:
1816:
1795:
1719:
1654:
1616:
1580:
1542:
1484:
1479:
1429:
1364:
1320:
1318:Further reading
1305:
1303:
1287:
1269:
1247:
1229:
1213:
1208:
1200:
1196:
1188:
1184:
1176:
1172:
1164:
1160:
1152:
1145:
1137:
1133:
1121:
1117:
1109:
1105:
1097:
1093:
1085:
1081:
1073:
1066:
1058:
1054:
1049:
1045:
1037:
1028:
1017:
1013:
1002:
998:
990:
986:
978:
969:
962:
955:
951:
946:
916:
911:
894:Daniel Au Yeong
858:Arianne Hartono
834:Virgil van Dijk
750:Katja Schuurman
732:Chun Wei Cheung
708:Lee-Roy Echteld
630:Khee Liang Phoa
546:Thé Tjong-Khing
496:
411:
329:
252:British Chinese
232:
206:populations in
156:
152:
148:
106:
102:
93:
76:
71:
54:
52:
51:c.94,000 (2018)
30:
24:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2947:
2937:
2936:
2931:
2926:
2921:
2916:
2901:
2900:
2888:
2865:
2864:
2849:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2837:
2832:
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1427:External links
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1523:Cape Verdeans
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1204:, p. 180
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1191:
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1179:
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1167:
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1100:
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1088:
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1062:, p. 170
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1040:
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982:, p. 322
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666:Ricardo Moniz
664:
661:
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655:
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649:
646:
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642:Tsui Tin-Chau
640:
637:
634:
631:
628:
625:
622:
619:
618:Ang Kiem Soei
616:
613:
612:Chiu Yen-Ming
610:
607:
606:Sandra Reemer
604:
601:
598:
595:
592:
589:
586:
583:
582:John Lie A Fo
580:
577:
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568:
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562:
559:
556:
553:
550:
547:
544:
541:
538:
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529:
526:
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522:Thung Sin Nio
520:
518:
514:
511:
508:
505:
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499:
498:
491:
488:
483:
481:
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479:lingua franca
475:
471:
467:
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155:
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109:
105:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
79:
74:
69:
65:
60:
49:
44:
28:
2855:
2691:
2077:Johannesburg
2072:South Africa
2059:
1560:
1391:
1387:
1371:
1353:
1332:(2): 33–50,
1329:
1325:
1304:, retrieved
1294:
1276:
1258:
1236:
1218:
1197:
1185:
1173:
1161:
1154:Staring 2008
1134:
1118:
1106:
1094:
1082:
1055:
1046:
1014:
1004:
999:
987:
906:Ryan Leijten
876:Tahith Chong
720:Roland Duong
702:Peng Zhaoqin
672:Humberto Tan
654:Chow Yiu-Fai
484:
477:
463:
434:
430:
384:
381:
377:
330:
314:
303:
287:World War II
280:
276:World War II
265:pindakoekjes
233:
177:
176:
158:Christianity
132:Southern Min
104:Sranan Tongo
19:Ethnic group
16:Ethnic group
2898:Netherlands
2825:New Zealand
2692:Netherlands
2516:Phuket Baba
2477:Philippines
2448:Sino-Native
2230:from Taiwan
2189:from Taiwan
2148:Puerto Rico
1633:Indonesians
1565:Hongkongers
1126:Rotterdam:
1050:Stutje 2015
882:Wang Jingyu
792:Ho-Pin Tung
696:Aron Winter
600:Ing Yoe Tan
507:Loa Sek Hie
333:Netherlands
244:World War I
128:Eastern Min
124:Wenzhounese
2908:Categories
2561:Bangladesh
2528:Minh Hương
2406:East Timor
2347:Kyrgyzstan
2342:Kazakhstan
2254:Costa Rica
2067:Seychelles
2050:Mozambique
2035:Madagascar
1927:Cape Verde
1833:Uruguayans
1828:Surinamese
1812:Curaçaoans
1791:Portuguese
1786:Norwegians
1650:Vietnamese
1607:Pakistanis
1394:: 635853,
1306:2014-10-04
1166:Pieke 1999
1122:Den Haag:
1075:Pieke 1999
980:Pieke 1999
944:References
925:Pao An Tui
852:Martin Oei
828:Diana Wang
822:Chloe Yuen
780:Huidji See
726:Mei Li Vos
684:Robert Oey
576:Anton Foek
513:Zhong Song
95:Indonesian
2798:Australia
2576:Sri Lanka
2489:Singapore
2411:Indonesia
2382:Southeast
2315:Venezuela
2280:Argentina
2259:Nicaragua
2199:Vancouver
2110:Caribbean
2045:Mauritius
1774:Huguenots
1735:Albanians
1703:Sephardim
1688:Assyrians
1683:Armenians
1643:Moluccans
1628:Filipinos
1621:Southeast
1528:Nigerians
1511:Moroccans
1506:Egyptians
1346:0765-0752
870:Ebbie Tam
786:Eric Pang
774:Wei Ji Ma
678:Fiona Tan
648:Lulu Wang
558:Fong Leng
534:Chung Mon
528:Teddy Yip
476:as their
470:Cantonese
403:The Hague
399:Rotterdam
395:Chinatown
391:Amsterdam
310:Hong Kong
291:Peranakan
248:Guangdong
216:Hong Kong
112:Cantonese
110:(largely
85:Languages
78:Eindhoven
73:Amsterdam
68:Rotterdam
2856:See also
2753:Bulgaria
2732:Portugal
2720:Southern
2627:Northern
2571:Pakistan
2511:Chin Haw
2506:Thailand
2438:Malaysia
2394:Cambodia
2373:Mongolia
2305:Suriname
2153:Suriname
2102:Americas
2089:Zimbabwe
2025:Botswana
2013:Southern
1994:Cameroon
1973:Tanzania
1963:Ethiopia
1762:Frisians
1757:Dutchmen
1750:Walloons
1745:Flemings
1740:Belgians
1693:Iranians
1676:Lebanese
1571:Japanese
1496:Angolans
1420:22295191
1380:67462830
1313:516-542.
1300:archived
1019:CBS 2014
964:CBS 2014
914:See also
864:Ian Gouw
660:Yang Bin
474:Mandarin
438:Moroccan
339:showed:
271:pindaman
240:Zhejiang
236:Qingtian
147:(~18.7%)
145:Buddhism
139:Religion
120:Mandarin
99:Javanese
2872:Portals
2791:Oceania
2763:Romania
2746:Eastern
2687:Ireland
2682:Hungary
2677:Germany
2660:Belgium
2653:Western
2639:Finland
2634:Denmark
2543:San Diu
2523:Vietnam
2482:Sangley
2465:Panthay
2455:Myanmar
2399:Hokkien
2335:Central
2310:Uruguay
2247:Central
2205:Toronto
2143:Jamaica
2061:Réunion
2055:Namibia
2030:Lesotho
1987:Central
1947:Senegal
1942:Nigeria
1911:Morocco
1896:Algeria
1807:Arubans
1602:Nepalis
1597:Indians
1592:Afghans
1576:Koreans
1561:Chinese
1533:Somalis
1518:Berbers
1411:3263844
1211:Sources
1202:Li 1998
1190:Li 1998
1178:Li 2002
1139:Li 2002
1111:Li 2002
1099:Li 2002
1087:Li 2002
1060:Li 1998
1039:Li 2002
992:Li 2002
840:Eva Lim
762:Yao Jie
738:Li Jiao
714:Won Yip
459:England
442:Turkish
190:Chinese
80:(3,200)
75:(5,000)
70:(6,500)
2815:Hawaii
2778:Turkey
2773:Serbia
2768:Russia
2709:London
2665:France
2644:Sweden
2620:Europe
2602:Turkey
2597:Israel
2460:Kokang
2389:Brunei
2295:Guyana
2285:Brazil
2264:Panama
2212:Mexico
2176:Canada
2133:Guyana
2118:Belize
2084:Zambia
2040:Malawi
2020:Angola
1978:Uganda
1882:Africa
1781:Greeks
1769:French
1728:Europe
1671:Iraqis
1612:Romani
1489:Africa
1418:
1408:
1378:
1360:
1344:
1283:
1265:
1243:
1225:
804:Li Jie
393:has a
218:) and
192::
154:Taoism
130:, and
97:(incl
2886:China
2840:Tonga
2835:Samoa
2820:Palau
2737:Spain
2727:Italy
2670:Paris
2566:India
2554:South
2470:Pashu
2368:Korea
2363:Japan
2290:Chile
2273:South
2168:North
2138:Haiti
1968:Kenya
1932:Ghana
1906:Libya
1901:Egypt
1889:North
1715:Turks
1710:Kurds
1666:Arabs
1638:Indos
1585:South
1501:Arabs
949:Notes
455:Dover
182:Dutch
116:Hakka
91:Dutch
2810:Fiji
2592:Iran
2585:West
2538:Nùng
2533:Ngái
2433:Laos
2356:East
2328:Asia
2300:Peru
2123:Cuba
1956:East
1937:Mali
1920:West
1698:Jews
1659:West
1554:East
1547:Asia
1416:PMID
1392:2011
1376:OCLC
1358:ISBN
1342:ISSN
1281:ISBN
1263:ISBN
1241:ISBN
1223:ISBN
401:and
199:荷兰华人
194:荷蘭華人
114:and
39:荷兰华人
33:荷蘭華人
2850:An
1406:PMC
1396:doi
1334:doi
440:or
2910::
2858::
1414:,
1404:,
1390:,
1340:,
1328:,
1146:^
1067:^
1029:^
1021:;
970:^
956:^
461:.
457:,
335:'
238:,
188:;
184::
126:,
122:,
2874::
2805:)
2801:(
2201:)
2197:(
1867:e
1860:t
1853:v
1567:）
1563:（
1474:e
1467:t
1460:v
1398::
1336::
1330:8
196:/
180:(
134:)
101:)
36:/
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