33:
315:. He was Yao Xing's oldest son. The first historical reference to Yao Hong was in 402, when Yao Xing, who became emperor in 394, created him crown prince, after much hesitation, as Yao Hong was described as loving and kind, but weak in his personality and often ill. Yao Hong was also described as favoring arts and literature. Later in 402, when Yao Xing battled
342:) the Duke of Guangping, who was much favored by Yao Xing for his talents, was conspiring with his associates to seize the crown prince position from Yao Hong. For the next several years, Yao Bi tried to undermine Yao Hong's authority whenever he could, and in 414, Yao Bi falsely accused Yao Hong's associate Yao Wenzong (
426:) the Duke of Nanyang, another brother who was in alliance with Yao Bi, then attacked the palace with Yin Chong, planning to put Yao Bi on the throne, Yao Xing publicly ordered that Yao Bi be forced to commit suicide, causing Yao Yin's force to collapse. The next day, Yao Xing, after entrusting Yao Hong to his brother
333:) rebelled, and Yao Hong defeated his rebellion. When his subordinates suggested that the victory be commemorated on an open bulletin, written on cloth, Yao Hong declined, reasoning that it was his responsibility to make sure that no rebellion occurred, and that such a victory over a rebel was nothing to be proud of.
420:) then suggested to Yin that they deliver Yao Xing to Yao Bi's home and start a rebellion there, but Yin hesitated and did not carry this suggestion out. As soon as Yao Xing returned to the palace, he ordered that Yao Bi's home be searched and that all weapons be seized. When Yao Yin (
544:), would attack his rear, tried to attack Shen Tianzi first, but was defeated by the heavily outnumbered Shen Tianzi, causing his army to collapse, and he was forced to return to Chang'an without having faced Liu Yu's main army. Liu Yu's fleet, commanded by
414:), a conspirator with Yao Bi, planned to assassinate Yao Hong when he comes out of the palace to welcome his father. Yao Hong's associates, however, heard rumors of the plot and persuaded him not to come out of the palace. Yin Chong's assistant Yao Shami (
348:) of crimes, causing Yao Xing to force Yao Wenzong to commit suicide. This caused many imperial officials to fear Yao Bi's power, and many joined his conspiracy. As Yao Xing grew ill that year, Yao Bi secretly planned a coup, causing his brothers Yao Yi (
387:) (who had spoken against him in 411 as well) of crimes, causing Yao Xuan to be imprisoned. Yao Xing gave Yao Xuan's forces to Yao Bi, who then returned to his plots. Yao Xing discovered this and executed Yao Bi's associates Tang Sheng (
474:
and Xia forces, was heavily dependent on his uncle Yao Shao to face both these external threats, and the rebellions by his brothers and cousins, who apparently believed him to be an easy target to seize the throne from. The Jin general
567:) opined that they would be executed anyway, and that it would be better to commit suicide. Yao Hong declined, and Yao Fo'nian himself climbed up a wall and jumped to his death. Yao Hong, instead, along with his
530:
Yao Hong decided to lead an army of several tens of thousands against Liu Yu's main army, commanded by Tan and Shen, but concerned that a branch force commanded by Shen Linzi's brother Shen Tianzi (
1951:
558:. Yao Hong tried to personally relieve the garrison at the city gates, but his army and the garrison force trampled themselves and collapsed without engaging Wang, and he fled back to the palace.
408:), and he had Yao Hong formally serve as regent at Chang'an and stay in the palace. Yao Xing grew gravely ill at Huayin, however, and was on the way back to Chang'an when his attendant Yin Chong (
1902:
479:, seeing Later Qin's internal unrest as an opportunity, launched a major attack in fall 416 and quickly seized the eastern half of Later Qin, including the important city of
494:), rebelled, but with little popular support, Yao Shao was able to quickly capture Puban and arrest him. However, rebellions continued. In 417, Yao Hong's cousin Yao Hui (
275:(Emperor Wenzhao), who was already regarded as kind but weak during his father's reign, and after his father's death, with the state already weakened by attacks by the
527:), they were unable to stop them, and Yao Shao, humiliated by the defeats, died of illness. Yao Zan tried to continue to resist, but was continuously defeated.
1570:
319:, Yao Hong was in charge at the capital. In 407, Yao Xing transferred some imperial authorities to him. In 409, when Yao Xing was battling the rebel general
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575:. Yao Hong was executed there, and most members of the Yao clan who were captured or who surrendered were also executed. Later Qin was at its end.
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378:) to execute or at least strip Yao Bi of his authority. Yao Xing relieved Yao Bi of his posts, and Yao Yi, Yao Huang, and Yao Chen demobilized.
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366:) to mobilize their forces to prepare to act against him. Yao Xing, who then recovered somewhat, was then advised by his officials Liang Xi (
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took advantage of Yao Hong's weaknesses to conquer Later Qin. After he surrendered, Liu Yu had him delivered to the
Eastern Jin capital
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399:), but when Yao Xing arrested and was ready to execute Yao Bi as well, Yao Hong pleaded for Yao Bi's life, and Yao Xing spared Yao Bi.
1936:
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Back at the palace, Yao Hong considered surrendering. His 10-year-old son Yao Fonian (
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In 412, however, Yao Bi falsely accused another brother, Yao Xuan (
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Yao Hong was born in 388, during the reign of his grandfather
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436:) the Duke of Dongping, Liang Xi, Yin Zhao, and Lian Manwei (
1952:
People executed by the Jin dynasty (266–420) by decapitation
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Late 416, Yao Yi, who was in charge of Puban (蒲阪, in modern
327:, Yao Hong was again in charge of the capital when Liu Jue (
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and with his brothers and cousins repeatedly rebelling, the
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In 416, Yao Xing went to the vacation palace at Huayin (
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470:Yao Hong, who immediately faced threats from both
303:(Emperor Wuzhao), two years after Yao Chang took
1913:
654:Spring and Autumn Annals of the Sixteen Kingdoms
54:but its sources remain unclear because it lacks
446:the Duke of Jiankang and the former prince of
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271:of China. He was the oldest son and heir of
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85:Learn how and when to remove this message
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1914:
823:
462:)), directly claimed imperial title.
16:Not to be confused with the Song-era
26:
336:By 411, Yao Hong's brother Yao Bi (
13:
14:
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628:) (b. 407, committed suicide 417)
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788:Reason for succession failure:
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1:
1867:5 Dynasties & 10 Kingdoms
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317:Emperor Daowu of Northern Wei
1942:5th-century Chinese monarchs
1937:Jin dynasty (266–420) people
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161:417 (aged 28–29)
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1947:Murdered emperors of China
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40:This article includes a
188:Era name and dates
69:more precise citations.
1957:Deaths by decapitation
323:, who had established
295:Under Yao Xing's reign
1801:Western Shu (405–413)
773:— TITULAR —
742:Emperor of Later Qin
592:Personal information
587:(永和 yǒng hé) 416–417
97:Emperor of Later Qin
1922:Later Qin emperors
1785:Huan Chu (403–404)
1620:Son of Tuoba Pugen
757:Titles in pretence
701:(Later) Qin Houzhu
42:list of references
1909:
1908:
1696:Duan Qi (350–356)
1657:
1649:
818:
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809:Succeeded by
802:Emperor An of Jin
799:Succeeded by
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1011:Zhang Yaoling
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183:Yao Hong (姚泓)
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1855:N. Dynasties
1851:S. Dynasties
1747:Murong Zhong
1727:Murong Chong
1653:Tuoba Yihuai
1640:Tuoba Yihuai
1586:Yang Nandang
1581:Yang Baozong
1481:Northern Yan
1466:Helian Chang
1399:Southern Yan
1370:Juqu Mengxun
1271:Qifu Qiangui
1246:
1208:Murong Sheng
1192:Murong Xiang
1101:Murong Huang
1026:Zhang Tianxi
975:Former Liang
778:
777:
772:
749:
740:
718:
711:
706:House of Yao
704:
664:
652:
640:
622:Yao Fonian (
584:
560:
529:
516:
485:
469:
457:
401:
380:
335:
313:crown prince
298:
250:
246:; 388–417),
235:
234:
110:
81:
72:
61:Please help
53:
21:
1847:16 Kingdoms
1752:Murong Yong
1722:Murong Hong
1713:Western Yan
1656:(2nd reign)
1648:(2nd reign)
1615:Tuoba Pugen
1591:Yang Baochi
1519:Yang Maosou
1471:Helian Ding
1461:Helian Bobo
1413:Murong Chao
1388:Juqu Anzhou
1375:Juqu Mujian
1341:Tufa Lilugu
1291:Later Liang
1276:Qifu Chipan
1266:Qifu Guoren
1257:Western Qin
1181:Murong Chui
812:Helian Bobo
794:Eastern Jin
792:Annexed by
642:Book of Jin
546:Wang Zhen'e
448:Later Liang
281:Eastern Jin
168:Eastern Jin
136:Predecessor
120:Emperor of
111:Emperor of
67:introducing
1932:417 deaths
1927:388 births
1916:Categories
1839:3 Kingdoms
1742:Murong Yao
1645:Tuoba Hena
1635:Tuoba Hena
1630:Tuoba Heru
1625:Tuoba Yulü
1610:Tuoba Yilu
1571:Yang Sheng
1524:Yang Nandi
1381:Juqu Wuhui
1346:Tufa Rutan
1218:Murong Yun
1197:Murong Lin
1186:Murong Bao
1121:Former Qin
1111:Murong Wei
1106:Murong Jun
1092:Former Yan
1036:Later Zhao
635:References
1808:Qiao Zong
1792:Huan Xuan
1776:Zhai Zhao
1771:Zhai Liao
1764:(388–392)
1737:Murong Yi
1715:(384–394)
1673:(350–352)
1603:(310–376)
1576:Yang Xuan
1566:Yang Ding
1561:Yang Cuan
1555:Yang Tong
1512:(296–443)
1500:Feng Hong
1483:(407–436)
1454:(407–431)
1425:(400–421)
1408:Murong De
1401:(398–410)
1358:(397–460)
1336:Tufa Wugu
1329:(397–414)
1293:(386–403)
1281:Qifu Mumo
1259:(385–431)
1237:Yao Chang
1230:(384–417)
1228:Later Qin
1213:Murong Xi
1174:(384–409)
1172:Later Yan
1156:Dou Chong
1123:(351–394)
1094:(337–370)
1038:(319–351)
1016:Zhang Zuo
1001:Zhang Jun
996:Zhang Mao
991:Zhang Shi
985:Zhang Gui
977:(318–376)
922:(304–329)
862:(304–347)
860:Cheng-Han
619:Children
556:Wei River
519:Tan Daoji
502:Pingliang
459:Tian Wang
301:Yao Chang
218:Later Qin
122:Later Qin
113:Later Qin
1762:Zhai Wei
1732:Duan Sui
1703:Duan Kan
1549:Yang Shi
1544:Yang Jun
1539:Yang Guo
1534:Yang Chu
1300:Lü Guang
1247:Yao Hong
1242:Yao Xing
1162:Fu Chong
1135:Fu Sheng
1081:Liu Xian
1070:Shi Jian
1050:Shi Hong
952:Jin Zhun
941:Liu Cong
929:Liu Yuan
920:Han-Zhao
883:Li Xiong
766:Yao Xing
750:Extinct
746:416–417
735:Yao Xing
669:, vols.
647:vol. 119
601:Yao Xing
579:Era name
573:Jiankang
488:Yuncheng
428:Yao Shao
321:Liu Bobo
309:Yao Xing
305:Chang'an
289:Jiankang
283:general
273:Yao Xing
236:Yao Hong
228:Yao Xing
164:Jiankang
140:Yao Xing
103:Yao Hong
1686:Ran Zhi
1680:Ran Min
1671:Ran Wei
1529:Yang Yi
1510:Chouchi
1495:Feng Ba
1490:Gao Yun
1365:Duan Ye
1317:Lü Long
1312:Lü Zuan
1306:Lü Shao
1202:Lan Han
1150:Fu Deng
1140:Fu Jiān
1130:Fu Jiàn
1075:Shi Zhi
1065:Shi Zun
1060:Shi Shi
958:Liu Yao
946:Liu Can
909:Fan Ben
898:Li Shou
785:416–417
612:Empress
597:Father
569:empress
542:Shaanxi
481:Luoyang
444:Lü Long
311:as his
263:of the
261:emperor
240:Chinese
213:Dynasty
131:416–417
63:improve
1879:W. Xia
1442:Li Xun
1437:Li Xin
1432:Li Gao
1055:Shi Hu
1045:Shi Le
964:Liu Xi
935:Liu He
903:Li Shi
888:Li Ban
877:Li Liu
717:
659:vol. 5
585:Yonghe
492:Shanxi
477:Liu Yu
285:Liu Yu
251:Yuanzi
242::
224:Father
1823:Shang
1145:Fu Pi
893:Li Qi
870:Li Te
719:Died:
712:Born:
608:Wife
538:Xi'an
506:Gansu
466:Reign
267:-led
265:Qiang
203:House
178:Names
128:Reign
48:, or
1895:Qing
1891:Ming
1887:Yuan
1875:Song
1871:Liao
1863:Tang
1827:Zhou
158:Died
150:Born
1903:PRC
1899:ROC
1883:Jīn
1859:Sui
1843:Jìn
1835:Han
1831:Qin
1819:Xia
1601:Dai
1452:Xia
721:417
714:388
691:118
687:117
683:116
679:115
675:114
671:112
625:姚佛念
564:姚佛念
551:王鎮惡
533:沈田子
524:沈林子
472:Jin
439:斂曼嵬
417:姚沙彌
345:姚文宗
325:Xia
207:Yao
153:388
1918::
1901:/
1897:→
1893:→
1889:→
1885:→
1881:/
1877:/
1873:/
1869:→
1865:→
1861:→
1857:→
1853:/
1849:→
1845:/
1841:→
1837:→
1833:→
1829:→
1825:→
1821:→
689:,
685:,
681:,
677:,
673:,
657:,
645:,
540:,
511:姚讚
504:,
497:姚恢
490:,
483:.
453:尹元
433:姚紹
423:姚愔
411:尹沖
405:華陰
396:孫玄
390:唐盛
384:姚宣
375:尹昭
369:梁喜
363:姚諶
357:姚洸
351:姚懿
339:姚弼
330:劉厥
256:元子
244:姚泓
166:,
105:姚泓
52:,
44:,
22:姚宏
1688:)
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987:)
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868:(
843:e
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829:v
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661:.
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548:(
430:(
253:(
238:(
88:)
82:(
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73:(
59:.
24:)
20:(
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