233:
539:
4652:
4756:
4278:
3427:
4292:
1764:
4639:
4453:
3353:
4781:
363:
4794:
54:
4466:
4428:
4416:
4404:
1615:
2831:
3275:
3238:
1734:
4731:
4678:
1660:
1779:
1870:
1573:
4665:
4899:
4506:
4440:
1719:
4769:
4744:
1809:
5125:
4704:
2513:
4478:
2987:
2300:
5138:
5112:
3175:
2632:
4545:
4519:
4038:
2956:
1749:
1705:
1630:
4718:
3113:
2343:
4691:
3314:
4912:
4581:
3144:
3051:
2386:
2009:
4594:
2757:
2107:
4626:
4557:
4261:
1829:
1690:
1675:
2474:
2265:
2044:
5448:
Great of
Prussia, Catherine the Great of Russia, Maria Theresa of Austria, were alike infatuated with the idea of strengthening their power, centralizing government in their own hands as against local and feudal privileges, and so acquiring more absolute authority in the state. Moreover, the very dynastic rivalries and conflicts between these eighteenth-century monarchs drove them to look for ever more efficient methods of government
4612:
2431:
2222:
2179:
1962:
1794:
1645:
2082:
1917:
3390:
5099:
3020:
2796:
2591:
2556:
4532:
3082:
2714:
2671:
2140:
530:, while rulers have at other times adopted the name of their mother's dynasty when coming into her inheritance. Less frequently, a monarchy has alternated or been rotated, in a multi-dynastic (or polydynastic) systemâthat is, the most senior living members of parallel dynasties, at any point in time, constitute the line of succession.
185:"ruler") is sometimes used informally for people who are not rulers but are, for example, members of a family with influence and power in other areas, such as a series of successive owners of a major company. It is also extended to unrelated people, such as major poets of the same school or various rosters of a single sports team.
353:
remained in effect at that time, stipulating that dynasts who marry Roman
Catholics are considered "dead" for the purpose of succession to the British throne. That exclusion, too, ceased to apply on 26 March 2015, with retroactive effect for those who had been dynasts before triggering it by marriage
5447:
The basic idea of monarchy was the idea that hereditary right gave the best title to political power...The dangers of disputed succession were best avoided by hereditary succession: ruling families had a natural interest in passing on to their descendants enhanced power and prestige...Frederick the
2921:
in which political power stays within a strongman's family due to the overwhelming authority of the strongman, rather than by the democratic consent of the people. The strongman typically fills government positions with their relatives. They may groom a successor during their own lifetime, or a
440:(2070 BC â AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned, and also to describe events, trends and artifacts of that period (e.g., "a
5354:
275:
references to formerly reigning families, a "dynast" is a family member who would have had succession rights, were the monarchy's rules still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of
161:
Dynastic politics has declined over time, owing to a decline in monarchy as a form of government, a rise in democracy, and a reduction within democracies of elected members from dynastic families.
458:. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's family name. This has changed in all of Europe's remaining monarchies, where
248:
of the 9th century, thus making it the oldest still reigning dynasty in Europe (photograph of King Felipe VI, Queen
Letizia, the Princess of Asturias and her younger sister Infanta SofĂa, in 2019)
150:. In polities where it was permitted, succession through a daughter usually established a new dynasty in her husband's family name. This has changed in all of Europe's remaining monarchies, where
444:
vase"). Until the 19th century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty: that is, to expand the wealth and power of his family members.
2059:
5411:
5275:
295:
of the
Austrian monarchy, Duke Maximilian and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.
5371:
318:, making him a British dynast. On the other hand, since he is not a patrilineal member of the British royal family, he is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.
5351:
4938:(ç柀), is the world's oldest continuous dynasty. The dynasty has produced an unbroken succession of Japanese monarchs since the legendary founding year of 660 BC.
136:(2070 BC â AD 1912), using a framework of successive dynasties. As such, the term "dynasty" may be used to delimit the era during which a family reigned.
5554:
252:
A ruler from a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a "dynast", but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains a
2885:, rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals in the elected positions of
542:
King Tupou VI of Tonga and Queen
Nanasipau'u, head of one of the oldest still ruling royal dynasties in the world, dating back to c. 950 CE of the
4804:
The crown dependencies of the
Bailiwick of Guernsey, the Bailiwick of Jersey, and the Isle of Man are neither part of the United Kingdom nor
4761:
4748:
4151:
1552:
5403:
5502:
5586:
4066:
549:
Dynasties lasting at least 250 years include the following. Legendary lineages that cannot be historically confirmed are not included.
322:
307:
5528:
510:, per Portuguese law; in fact, since the 1800s, the only female monarch in Europe who had children belonging to a different house was
538:
345:
took effect on 26 March 2015. Thus, he requested and obtained formal permission from Queen
Elizabeth II to marry the Roman Catholic
5264:
4955:, the 29th emperor according to traditional historiography, is the first monarch for whom verifiable regnal dates can be assigned.
232:
388:
restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne or other royal privileges. For example, the marriage of
5608:
5471:
5195:
5182:
2310:
495:
374:, surrounded by her children who were married into various European dynasties. Marriage policy amongst dynasties led to the
4171:
4141:
1520:
397:
5381:
5069:
2523:
389:
276:
393:
4470:
4297:
3934:
2358:
2232:
4310:
The founder of a dynasty need not necessarily equate to the first monarch of a particular realm. For example, while
4986:
3540:
3432:
2335:
1769:
412:, and consequently lost his title as a "Prince of the Netherlands", and left his children without dynastic rights.
342:
315:
4126:
2777:
2353:
2315:
217:
5665:
5801:
4842:
4822:
4657:
4408:
4386:
4349:
4059:
3929:
3707:
3555:
2734:
2194:
1927:
409:
408:, in 2003 lacked government support and parliamentary approval. Thus, Prince Friso forfeited his place in the
3944:
405:
346:
284:
4805:
3693:
3525:
3496:
2533:
2363:
5693:
4951:, traditionally considered the 15th emperor, is the first who is generally thought to have existed, while
5306:
4644:
4432:
3997:
3465:
2841:
2647:
2441:
2257:
1486:
475:
61:, the world's oldest continuous royal dynasty since at least 539 CE, with three generations (from left)
5090:
5077:
4319:
4146:
3530:
3501:
3437:
2873:
2518:
1527:
3324:
4052:
3657:
3190:
2922:
member of their family may maneuver to take control of the dictatorship after the strongman's death.
2788:
2571:
1400:
662:
306:
royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example,
302:
descendants of a realm's monarchs, and sometimes to include those who hold succession rights through
4990:
4786:
4216:
3772:
3662:
3329:
2948:
2846:
2691:
2601:
1839:
503:
338:
329:, possesses no legal British name, titles or styles (although he is entitled to reclaim the former
20:
299:
5250:
5199:
4931:
4458:
4176:
3702:
3002:
2890:
2132:
1977:
601:
437:
189:
133:
58:
5157:
5061:
5040:
4998:
4799:
4315:
4191:
3939:
3881:
3827:
2663:
2642:
2505:
2484:
2292:
1516:
1171:
732:
527:
479:
350:
4877:
3061:
2036:
447:
Before the 18th century, most dynasties throughout the world have traditionally been reckoned
139:
Before the 18th century, most dynasties throughout the world have traditionally been reckoned
5461:
5442:
5044:
5027:
4773:
3759:
3592:
3185:
3066:
2404:
2189:
1739:
620:
292:
5582:"Presidential Elections in Azerbaijan Fail to End the Aliyev's Dynastic and Autocratic Rule"
1233:
5203:
5178:
5048:
4497:
4240:
4186:
4166:
3869:
3740:
3730:
3715:
3642:
3560:
3368:
2836:
1709:
1305:
499:
237:
5637:
3363:
2446:
543:
337:). He was born in the line of succession to the British throne and was bound by Britain's
220:
borne by its members, but it is more often referred by adding the name afterwards, as in "
8:
4838:
4211:
4131:
3981:
3891:
3745:
3647:
3597:
3535:
2706:
2024:
1885:
1880:
1862:
1578:
459:
362:
280:
253:
151:
2997:
5796:
4881:
4603:
4370:
4311:
4298:
Sovereign
Military Hospitaller Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes and of Malta
4236:
4181:
4136:
4091:
4080:
4019:
3612:
3280:
2918:
2528:
2396:
2092:
1247:
1158:
1080:
681:
334:
1318:
5791:
5767:
5736:
5467:
5435:
5011:
4829:. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Belgium" in AD 1920.
4420:
4356:. The dynastic name was changed from "Saxe-Coburg and Gotha" to "Windsor" in AD 1917.
4244:
4156:
4116:
4014:
3688:
3550:
3545:
3506:
3479:
2686:
2566:
2466:
2423:
2378:
2237:
1982:
1909:
1434:
1331:
1279:
884:
507:
288:
221:
82:
53:
27:
5728:
5174:
5161:
5023:
4864:
4818:
4736:
4683:
4445:
4345:
4096:
3964:
3720:
3574:
3345:
3253:
2894:
2869:
2729:
2099:
2019:
2001:
1972:
1954:
1821:
1724:
1565:
1499:
1357:
1106:
1093:
923:
803:
491:
467:
371:
265:
245:
241:
70:
19:
This article is about the general concept of a line of rulers. For other uses, see
1538:, of which 41 are ruled by dynasties. There are currently 26 sovereign dynasties.
5642:
5358:
5065:
4994:
4826:
4549:
4353:
4206:
4161:
4042:
4024:
3849:
3834:
3290:
3285:
3248:
3030:
3012:
2823:
2724:
2548:
2160:
2054:
1935:
1784:
1460:
1292:
1184:
1050:
1037:
1011:
955:
936:
858:
829:
751:
643:
78:
66:
62:
45:
4948:
3092:
5613:
5073:
4952:
4670:
4483:
4111:
4106:
4101:
3920:
3839:
3793:
3735:
3035:
2811:
2767:
2749:
2583:
2489:
2214:
1814:
1473:
1266:
897:
639:
569:
511:
487:
448:
303:
170:
140:
74:
5581:
3097:
5785:
5771:
5740:
4904:
3844:
3822:
3797:
3627:
3442:
3306:
3230:
3128:
2624:
2320:
2305:
2155:
1535:
1421:
1201:
1145:
998:
981:
588:
483:
433:
421:
401:
376:
367:
188:
The dynastic family or lineage may be known as a "noble house", which may be
129:
117:
2064:
1229:
656:
514:
and that was due to disagreements over how to choose a non German house. In
5720:
5698:
5670:
5555:"New constitution, old playbook: Chad's Deby continues power play in Sahel"
5301:
5143:
4511:
4283:
4201:
4086:
3607:
3180:
3123:
2637:
2615:
2280:
2248:
2205:
1853:
1447:
1417:
1404:
1383:
1344:
1197:
1119:
968:
816:
519:
471:
441:
429:
425:
311:
125:
121:
34:
5732:
93:
is a sequence of rulers from the same family, usually in the context of a
5130:
4969:
4709:
4524:
4366:
4332:
4121:
3911:
3876:
3779:
3767:
3632:
2971:
2966:
2961:
2125:
1754:
1635:
1583:
1515:
For non-sovereign dynasties currently ruling subnational monarchies, see
1387:
1063:
764:
261:
40:"Royal house" redirects here. For royal residences and headquarters, see
4037:
5755:
5019:
4965:
4723:
4001:
3991:
3986:
3725:
3587:
3400:
3118:
2882:
2851:
2348:
2275:
2171:
2117:
1986:
1132:
523:
486:. The earliest such example among major European monarchies was in the
330:
326:
272:
5638:"What to Know About the Army Chief Who Will Be Cambodia's Next Leader"
5117:
404:
to the Crown of the
Netherlands. The marriage of his younger brother,
4917:
4696:
3886:
3784:
3667:
3622:
3602:
3405:
3319:
3154:
2898:
2681:
1890:
1620:
1593:
790:
455:
385:
147:
4947:
Most historians regard
Emperor Jimmu to have been a mythical ruler.
4255:
Existing sovereign entities ruled by non-dynastic monarchs include:
287:, was bypassed for the Austro-Hungarian throne because he was not a
5756:"Briefing: The Democratic Republic of Congo, from Kabila to Kabila"
5376:
4599:
4586:
4382:
4271:
4009:
3969:
3652:
3637:
3617:
3486:
3149:
3056:
2906:
2902:
2886:
2879:
2806:
2762:
2494:
2391:
2150:
2112:
2060:
Friedrich Wilhelm, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlĂŒcksburg
2029:
2014:
1588:
1370:
1214:
871:
700:
98:
94:
4631:
4562:
4266:
3924:
3582:
3159:
2652:
2539:
2479:
2369:
2326:
2285:
2270:
2070:
2049:
1943:
1900:
1894:
1875:
1834:
1695:
1680:
1603:
1597:
1531:
1067:
845:
515:
193:
5529:"Djibouti's President Guelleh wins fifth term with 97% of votes"
4854:
Claimed by the royal house, but the historicity is questionable.
5503:"Togo votes as Faure Gnassingbe seeks to extend dynasty's rule"
5015:
4617:
3974:
3916:
3814:
3243:
2772:
2740:
2719:
2697:
2436:
2227:
2184:
2087:
1967:
1947:
1922:
1799:
1665:
1650:
1024:
994:
910:
713:
452:
257:
201:
144:
41:
5609:"What to expect from Cambodia's new 'dynastic' prime minister"
5104:
4973:
4196:
3395:
3358:
3025:
2816:
2801:
2676:
2596:
2457:
2451:
2412:
2199:
2145:
1992:
1547:
777:
213:
209:
384:
A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical
5206:
since the formation of the United Arab Emirates in AD 1971.
4537:
4322:, he was never a monarch of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
3087:
2992:
2609:
2576:
2561:
2242:
1847:
1211:
1057 – 1059, 1081 – 1185, 1204 – 1461 CE
205:
197:
16:
Sequence of rulers considered members of the same family
5433:
Thomson, David (1961). "The Institutions of Monarchy".
298:
The term "dynast" is sometimes used only to refer to
5262:
1815:
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
33:"Ruling family" redirects here. For other uses, see
5272:
The Oxford Handbook of Historical Political Economy
5434:
2490:Sultan Abul Amlak Sidi Muhammad as-Sharif ibn 'Ali
1218:(styled as Megas Komnenos since late 13th century)
5486:
5352:Statement by Nick Clegg MP, UK parliament website
4979:
4878:House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-GlĂŒcksburg
396:in 2002 was dynastic, making their eldest child,
5783:
506:, but whose descendants remained members of the
504:Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-KohĂĄry
5666:"Assessing Cambodia's New Political Leadership"
5263:Van Coppennolle, Brenda; Smith, Daniel (2023).
4369:as its monarch and head of state is known as a
3459:
462:and conventions have maintained dynastic names
154:and conventions have maintained dynastic names
5039:The throne of Malaysia rotates among the nine
5150:
5054:
4774:Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia
4569:
4060:
1510:
5721:"Gabon's coup will worry regional autocrats"
4762:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
4749:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
4359:
4249:
4152:List of current monarchs of sovereign states
5265:"Dynasties in Historical Political Economy"
5083:
4737:Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands
490:in the 18th century, where the name of the
5587:Carnegie Endowment for International Peace
5202:. The office has been held by the Emir of
4870:
4490:
4067:
4053:
2912:
308:David Armstrong-Jones, 2nd Earl of Snowdon
101:. A dynasty may also be referred to as a "
5753:
5480:
5361:, 26 March 2015 (retrieved on same date).
5347:
5345:
5339:" Oxford University Press (Oxford), 2011.
5181:. The Emir of Abu Dhabi is the incumbent
5004:
4392:
1740:Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
5694:"The Aura of Governance in Turkmenistan"
5033:
4924:
4433:Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands
4376:
1289:1371 – 1651, 1660 – 1714 CE
1244:1047 – 1375, 1387 – 1412 CE
1226:1428 – 1527, 1533 – 1789 CE
1060:202 BCE – 9 CE, 25 – 220 CE
537:
390:King Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
361:
231:
97:system, but sometimes also appearing in
52:
5691:
5432:
4887:
4857:
4848:
4832:
4811:
4471:Territory of Heard and McDonald Islands
4338:
4304:
800:987 – 1792, 1814 – 1848 CE
410:order of succession to the Dutch throne
316:line of succession to the British crown
216:", depending upon the chief or present
5784:
5466:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 30â6.
5463:The sacred marriage of a Hindu goddess
5459:
5380:. London. 8 April 2005. Archived from
5342:
5281:from the original on 20 September 2023
5167:
4958:
4325:
2233:Emir Mishal Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah
470:is maintained through the children of
349:in 1999. Yet, a clause of the English
5579:
5453:
5414:from the original on 28 February 2023
5234:
5232:
5196:President of the United Arab Emirates
5183:President of the United Arab Emirates
4941:
2962:Democratic People's Republic of Korea
2863:
2842:President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan
1725:Independent State of Papua New Guinea
1181:661 – 750, 756 – 1031 CE
321:Comparatively, the German aristocrat
85:, and behind them the children (2021)
5663:
5635:
4459:Territory of Cocos (Keeling) Islands
4172:List of kingdoms and royal dynasties
4142:List of current constituent monarchs
1521:List of current constituent monarchs
1444:618 – 690, 705 – 907 CE
826:750 – 1258 CE, 1261 â 1517 CE
498:. This also happened in the case of
466:through a female. For instance, the
357:
5692:Clement, Victoria (14 March 2023).
5314:
5188:
277:Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
13:
5372:"Monaco royal taken seriously ill"
5364:
5299:
5229:
5041:constituent monarchies of Malaysia
4867:is a branch of the Varman dynasty.
2909:may contribute to the phenomenon.
14:
5813:
5580:Balci, Bayram (14 October 2023).
5426:
5028:Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia
3935:Biology and political orientation
2926:Current hereditary dictatorships
2643:King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud
978:1600 â 1046 BCE or 1766â1122 BCE
424:the histories of many states and
120:the histories of many states and
5136:
5123:
5110:
5097:
4910:
4897:
4792:
4779:
4767:
4754:
4742:
4729:
4716:
4702:
4689:
4676:
4663:
4650:
4637:
4624:
4610:
4592:
4579:
4555:
4543:
4530:
4517:
4504:
4476:
4464:
4451:
4438:
4426:
4414:
4402:
4314:was the dynastic founder of the
4290:
4276:
4259:
4036:
3433:Democratic Republic of the Congo
3425:
3388:
3351:
3312:
3273:
3236:
3202:Former hereditary dictatorships
3173:
3142:
3111:
3080:
3049:
3018:
2985:
2954:
2856:(in modern United Arab Emirates)
2829:
2794:
2755:
2712:
2669:
2630:
2589:
2572:Sultan Ahmad bin Said al-Busaidi
2554:
2511:
2472:
2429:
2384:
2341:
2298:
2263:
2220:
2177:
2138:
2105:
2080:
2042:
2007:
1960:
1915:
1868:
1827:
1807:
1792:
1777:
1770:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1762:
1747:
1732:
1717:
1703:
1688:
1673:
1658:
1643:
1628:
1613:
1571:
451:, such as those that follow the
343:Succession to the Crown Act 2013
143:, such as those that follow the
5747:
5713:
5685:
5657:
5629:
5601:
5573:
5547:
5521:
5495:
5489:History of the Nayaks of Madura
5215:Year authoritarian system began
5209:
5043:, each ruled by a dynasty. The
4318:which currently rules over the
4229:
4127:Heads of former ruling families
2847:Sheikh Dhiyab bin Isa Al Nahyan
2195:King Hussein ibn Ali al-Hashimi
341:until it was repealed when the
5396:
5293:
5256:
4843:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4823:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4658:British Indian Ocean Territory
4409:Australian Antarctic Territory
4387:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4350:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3930:Theories of political behavior
3556:Political history of the world
1931:Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck
323:Prince Ernst August of Hanover
164:
1:
5664:Hunt, Luke (23 August 2023).
5636:Syed, Armani (26 July 2023).
5222:
5177:is the ruling dynasty of the
4841:was formerly a member of the
4446:Territory of Christmas Island
4385:was formerly a member of the
3945:Critique of political economy
2917:Hereditary dictatorships are
2602:Emir Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani
2306:Principality of Liechtenstein
1840:King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa
1257:
941:
742:
723:
691:
672:
630:
611:
579:
478:, whose dynasty remained the
406:Prince Friso of Orange-Nassau
285:Maximilian, Duke of Hohenberg
264:ceased to be a dynast of the
227:
169:The word "dynasty" (from the
5441:. New York: Knopf. pp.
4972:, which was a branch of the
4806:British overseas territories
3526:Outline of political science
3460:Influential wealthy families
2281:Paramount Chief Moshoeshoe I
1844:Sheikh Khalifa bin Mohammed
533:
325:, a male-line descendant of
7:
5460:Harman, William. P (1992).
5307:Online Etymology Dictionary
4993:, which is a branch of the
4825:, which is a branch of the
4645:British Antarctic Territory
4484:Territory of Norfolk Island
4421:Coral Sea Islands Territory
4352:, which is a branch of the
3470:
3466:List of wealthiest families
2185:Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
1636:Commonwealth of The Bahamas
496:Grand Duchess Anna Petrovna
476:monarchy of the Netherlands
366:Family portrait of Empress
347:Princess Caroline of Monaco
10:
5818:
5487:Sathayanatha Iyer (1924).
5091:Kingdom of the Netherlands
5078:Beatrix of the Netherlands
4987:House of Luxembourg-Nassau
4320:Kingdom of the Netherlands
4147:List of current monarchies
4078:
3531:Index of politics articles
3463:
2874:List of political families
2867:
2606:Sheikh Thani bin Mohammed
2519:Kingdom of the Netherlands
2336:House of Luxembourg-Nassau
1592:
1587:
1582:
1564:
1514:
1511:Extant sovereign dynasties
500:Queen Maria II of Portugal
438:Ancient and Imperial China
415:
268:following his abdication.
181:"power", "lordship", from
134:Ancient and Imperial China
39:
32:
25:
18:
5754:Reyntjens, Filip (2001).
5321:Oxford English Dictionary
5239:Oxford English Dictionary
5014:is the ruling dynasty of
4235:Territory split into the
3191:Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow
2919:personalist dictatorships
2891:constitutional monarchies
2349:Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
2063:
2058:
2035:
2025:King Norodom Prohmbarirak
1621:Commonwealth of Australia
1560:Dynastic place of origin
482:through three successive
398:Princess Catharina-Amalia
174:
57:Family photograph of the
5725:Emerald Expert Briefings
4991:House of Nassau-Weilburg
4787:Turks and Caicos Islands
4331:Not to be confused with
4222:
4217:Self-proclaimed monarchy
3330:Anastasio Somoza Debayle
2778:Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya
2657:(in modern Saudi Arabia)
2567:Sultan Haitham bin Tariq
2238:Sheikh Sabah I bin Jaber
653:950s CE – present
566:400 BCE – 1618 CE
339:Royal Marriages Act 1772
26:Not to be confused with
21:Dynasty (disambiguation)
5404:"The Dynastic Marriage"
5251:Oxford University Press
5200:Federal Supreme Council
4932:Imperial House of Japan
4365:A sovereign state with
4267:Principality of Andorra
4177:List of largest empires
3940:Political organisations
3703:International relations
3541:Politics by subdivision
3325:Anastasio Somoza GarcĂa
3169:Berdimuhamedow dynasty
3045:Gouled-Guelleh dynasty
2913:Hereditary dictatorship
2638:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
2133:Imperial House of Japan
1973:Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah
1034:247 BCE – 224 CE
986:554 years or 644 years
928:656 years or 661 years
602:Imperial House of Japan
494:was maintained through
291:dynast. Even after the
244:dates its roots to the
59:Imperial House of Japan
5158:House of Bourbon-Anjou
5072:is also linked to the
5062:House of Orange-Nassau
4999:House of Bourbon-Parma
4989:is descended from the
4821:is descended from the
4348:is descended from the
4316:House of Orange-Nassau
4192:Non-sovereign monarchy
3119:Republic of Azerbaijan
2664:House of Bourbon-Anjou
2506:House of Orange-Nassau
2437:Principality of Monaco
2293:House of Liechtenstein
1517:Non-sovereign monarchy
1483:1550 – 1292 BCE
952:543 BCE – 66 CE
920:1360s – present
907:18 BCE – 660 CE
868:37 BCE – 668 CE
774:57 BCE – 935 CE
546:
480:House of Orange-Nassau
381:
351:Act of Settlement 1701
249:
86:
5802:History-related lists
5733:10.1108/oxan-es281583
5437:Europe Since Napoleon
5045:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
4600:Bailiwick of Guernsey
4020:Political campaigning
3760:Public administration
3593:Collective leadership
3438:Laurent-Désiré Kabila
3186:Serdar Berdimuhamedow
3067:Hassan Gouled Aptidon
2730:King Charles XIV John
2692:Bourbon-l'Archambault
2524:King Willem-Alexander
2408:Tun Habib Abdul Majid
2398:Yang di-Pertuan Agong
2020:King Norodom Sihamoni
1589:King-Emperor George V
1496:1034 – 1286 CE
1470:1230 – 1492 CE
1414:1368 – 1662 CE
1397:1616 – 1912 CE
1354:1613 – 1917 CE
1328:1699 – present
1302:1154 – 1485 CE
1276:1278 – 1914 CE
1194:1271 – 1635 CE
1168:1220 – 1597 CE
1116:1010 – 586 BCE
1090:1586 – present
1047:1154 – 1624 CE
1008:1370 – 1857 CE
991:1392 – 1910 CE
965:1228 – 1826 CE
933:1299 – 1922 CE
881:1270 – 1975 CE
621:Eastern Ganga dynasty
541:
474:, as it did with the
365:
354:to a Roman Catholic.
235:
56:
5179:Emirate of Abu Dhabi
5049:Conference of Rulers
4498:Realm of New Zealand
4241:Yogyakarta Sultanate
4187:List of noble houses
4167:List of family trees
3870:Separation of powers
3741:Political psychology
3716:Comparative politics
3694:political scientists
3681:Academic disciplines
3561:Political philosophy
3369:Jean-Claude Duvalier
3026:Syrian Arab Republic
2837:United Arab Emirates
2782:(in modern Thailand)
2725:King Carl XVI Gustaf
2417:(in modern Malaysia)
1978:Sultan Muhammad Shah
1457:909 – 1171 CE
1380:916 – 1218 CE
1315:905 – 1234 CE
1155:730 – 330 BCE
1142:960 – 1370 CE
1077:858 – 1301 CE
1021:918 – 1392 CE
894:651 – 1349 CE
842:862 – 1598 CE
813:1046– 256 BCE
761:665 – 1598 CE
598:539 – present
238:Spanish royal family
132:(3100 â 30 BC), and
5357:5 July 2016 at the
5160:is a branch of the
5064:is a branch of the
5016:Pahang Darul Makmur
4880:is a branch of the
4618:Bailiwick of Jersey
4212:Royal intermarriage
4132:Hereditary monarchy
4043:Politics portal
3892:Election commission
3863:Government branches
3746:Political sociology
3598:Confessional system
3536:Politics by country
3203:
3150:Kingdom of Cambodia
3062:IsmaĂŻl Omar Guelleh
2981:Gnassingbé dynasty
2927:
2812:King George Tupou I
2768:King Vajiralongkorn
2763:Kingdom of Thailand
2707:House of Bernadotte
2499:(in modern Morocco)
2311:Prince Hans-Adam II
2113:Kingdom of Eswatini
2037:House of GlĂŒcksburg
2015:Kingdom of Cambodia
1579:Antigua and Barbuda
1528:43 sovereign states
1431:305 – 30 BCE
1367:300 – 602 CE
1341:960 –1279 CE
1129:220 – 638 CE
1103:224 – 651 CE
526:determined descent
436:(3100 â 30 BC) and
5727:. 30 August 2023.
5561:. 26 December 2023
5509:. 22 February 2020
5198:is elected by the
5047:is elected by the
4968:is descended from
4882:House of Oldenburg
4712:(Crown dependency)
4620:(Crown dependency)
4371:Commonwealth realm
4284:Vatican City State
4237:Surakarta Sunanate
4182:List of monarchies
4137:Iranian Intermezzo
4092:Commonwealth realm
4081:Lists of dynasties
3726:Political analysis
3658:Semi-parliamentary
3281:Dominican Republic
3201:
3003:Gnassingbé Eyadéma
2925:
2864:Political families
2480:Kingdom of Morocco
2359:Grand Duke Adolphe
2271:Kingdom of Lesotho
2050:Kingdom of Denmark
1876:Kingdom of Belgium
1835:Kingdom of Bahrain
855:1243 – 1971
787:1128 – 1971
634: 5th century
547:
472:Queen Elizabeth II
394:MĂĄxima Zorreguieta
382:
312:Queen Elizabeth II
271:In historical and
250:
158:through a female.
87:
5473:978-81-208-0810-2
5300:Harper, Douglas.
5012:Bendahara dynasty
4245:Treaty of Giyanti
4157:List of dynasties
4117:Elective monarchy
4077:
4076:
4025:Political parties
3965:Electoral systems
3689:Political science
3663:Semi-presidential
3575:Political systems
3551:Political history
3546:Political economy
3457:
3456:
3364:François Duvalier
3269:Trujillo dynasty
3244:Republic of China
3213:Dynastic Founder
3199:
3198:
2940:Dynastic founder
2861:
2860:
2720:Kingdom of Sweden
2562:Sultanate of Oman
2447:François Grimaldi
2424:House of Grimaldi
2379:Bendahara dynasty
2165:(in modern Japan)
2088:Kingdom of Norway
1968:Brunei Darussalam
1923:Kingdom of Bhutan
1910:Wangchuck dynasty
1557:Dynastic founder
1508:
1507:
718:1,125 years est.
705:1,030 years est.
686:1,032 years est.
667:1,070 years est.
648:1,371 years est.
625:1,454 years est.
593:1,579 years est.
574:2,018 years est.
544:Tuʻi Tonga Empire
508:House of Braganza
432:(3200 â 539 BC),
358:Dynastic marriage
222:House of Habsburg
128:(3200 â 539 BC),
113:", among others.
83:Princess Akishino
28:Political dynasty
5809:
5776:
5775:
5766:(399): 311â317.
5751:
5745:
5744:
5717:
5711:
5710:
5708:
5706:
5689:
5683:
5682:
5680:
5678:
5661:
5655:
5654:
5652:
5650:
5633:
5627:
5626:
5624:
5622:
5605:
5599:
5598:
5596:
5594:
5577:
5571:
5570:
5568:
5566:
5551:
5545:
5544:
5542:
5540:
5525:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5499:
5493:
5492:
5484:
5478:
5477:
5457:
5451:
5450:
5440:
5430:
5424:
5423:
5421:
5419:
5400:
5394:
5393:
5391:
5389:
5384:on 12 March 2010
5368:
5362:
5349:
5340:
5338:
5326:
5318:
5312:
5311:
5297:
5291:
5290:
5288:
5286:
5280:
5269:
5260:
5254:
5244:
5236:
5216:
5213:
5207:
5192:
5186:
5171:
5165:
5162:House of Bourbon
5154:
5148:
5142:
5140:
5139:
5129:
5127:
5126:
5116:
5114:
5113:
5103:
5101:
5100:
5087:
5081:
5070:Willem-Alexander
5068:. Additionally,
5058:
5052:
5037:
5031:
5026:is the reigning
5024:Sultan of Pahang
5008:
5002:
4983:
4977:
4962:
4956:
4945:
4939:
4928:
4922:
4916:
4914:
4913:
4903:
4901:
4900:
4891:
4885:
4874:
4868:
4865:House of Norodom
4861:
4855:
4852:
4846:
4836:
4830:
4819:House of Belgium
4815:
4809:
4798:
4796:
4795:
4785:
4783:
4782:
4772:
4771:
4770:
4760:
4758:
4757:
4747:
4746:
4745:
4735:
4733:
4732:
4722:
4720:
4719:
4708:
4706:
4705:
4695:
4693:
4692:
4684:Falkland Islands
4682:
4680:
4679:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4656:
4654:
4653:
4643:
4641:
4640:
4630:
4628:
4627:
4616:
4614:
4613:
4604:Crown dependency
4598:
4596:
4595:
4585:
4583:
4582:
4573:
4567:
4561:
4559:
4558:
4548:
4547:
4546:
4536:
4534:
4533:
4523:
4521:
4520:
4510:
4508:
4507:
4494:
4488:
4482:
4480:
4479:
4469:
4468:
4467:
4457:
4455:
4454:
4444:
4442:
4441:
4431:
4430:
4429:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4407:
4406:
4405:
4396:
4390:
4380:
4374:
4363:
4357:
4346:House of Windsor
4342:
4336:
4329:
4323:
4308:
4302:
4296:
4294:
4293:
4282:
4280:
4279:
4265:
4263:
4262:
4253:
4247:
4233:
4097:Conquest dynasty
4069:
4062:
4055:
4041:
4040:
3831:
3776:
3731:Political theory
3721:Election science
3711:
3697:
3475:
3474:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3357:
3355:
3354:
3346:Duvalier dynasty
3318:
3316:
3315:
3279:
3277:
3276:
3254:Chiang Ching-kuo
3242:
3240:
3239:
3204:
3200:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3117:
3115:
3114:
3086:
3084:
3083:
3055:
3053:
3052:
3024:
3022:
3021:
2998:Faure Gnassingbé
2991:
2989:
2988:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2928:
2924:
2870:Political family
2857:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2802:Kingdom of Tonga
2800:
2798:
2797:
2783:
2761:
2759:
2758:
2744:
2718:
2716:
2715:
2701:
2677:Kingdom of Spain
2675:
2673:
2672:
2658:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2619:
2595:
2593:
2592:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2543:
2529:Prince William I
2517:
2515:
2514:
2500:
2485:King Mohammed VI
2478:
2476:
2475:
2461:
2442:Prince Albert II
2435:
2433:
2432:
2418:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2373:
2354:Grand Duke Henri
2347:
2345:
2344:
2330:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2269:
2267:
2266:
2258:House of Moshesh
2252:
2226:
2224:
2223:
2209:
2190:King Abdullah II
2183:
2181:
2180:
2166:
2151:Emperor Naruhito
2144:
2142:
2141:
2122:Chief Dlamini I
2111:
2109:
2108:
2100:House of Dlamini
2086:
2084:
2083:
2074:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2002:House of Norodom
1996:
1966:
1964:
1963:
1955:House of Bolkiah
1921:
1919:
1918:
1904:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1863:House of Belgium
1857:
1833:
1831:
1830:
1822:House of Khalifa
1813:
1811:
1810:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1783:
1781:
1780:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1753:
1751:
1750:
1738:
1736:
1735:
1723:
1721:
1720:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1694:
1692:
1691:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1664:
1662:
1661:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1619:
1617:
1616:
1607:
1584:King Charles III
1577:
1575:
1574:
1566:House of Windsor
1553:Reigning monarch
1541:
1540:
1263:– 309 BCE
1262:
1259:
946:
943:
748:– 1846 CE
747:
744:
729:– 722 BCE
728:
725:
697:– 1930 CE
696:
693:
678:– 1812 CE
677:
674:
636:– 1971 CE
635:
632:
616:
613:
585:– 1279 CE
584:
581:
552:
551:
516:Limpopo Province
492:House of Romanov
468:House of Windsor
372:Habsburg dynasty
283:wife, their son
266:House of Windsor
262:King Edward VIII
254:right to succeed
246:Capetian dynasty
242:House of Bourbon
176:
73:and his consort
71:Emperor Naruhito
5817:
5816:
5812:
5811:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5806:
5782:
5781:
5780:
5779:
5760:African Affairs
5752:
5748:
5719:
5718:
5714:
5704:
5702:
5690:
5686:
5676:
5674:
5662:
5658:
5648:
5646:
5634:
5630:
5620:
5618:
5617:. 8 August 2022
5607:
5606:
5602:
5592:
5590:
5578:
5574:
5564:
5562:
5553:
5552:
5548:
5538:
5536:
5535:. 10 April 2021
5527:
5526:
5522:
5512:
5510:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5485:
5481:
5474:
5458:
5454:
5431:
5427:
5417:
5415:
5402:
5401:
5397:
5387:
5385:
5370:
5369:
5365:
5359:Wayback Machine
5350:
5343:
5336:
5324:
5319:
5315:
5298:
5294:
5284:
5282:
5278:
5267:
5261:
5257:
5253:(Oxford), 1897.
5242:
5237:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5210:
5193:
5189:
5175:House of Nahyan
5172:
5168:
5155:
5151:
5137:
5135:
5124:
5122:
5111:
5109:
5098:
5096:
5088:
5084:
5066:House of Nassau
5059:
5055:
5038:
5034:
5009:
5005:
4995:House of Nassau
4984:
4980:
4966:House of Hashim
4963:
4959:
4946:
4942:
4929:
4925:
4911:
4909:
4898:
4896:
4892:
4888:
4875:
4871:
4862:
4858:
4853:
4849:
4845:before AD 1920.
4837:
4833:
4827:House of Wettin
4816:
4812:
4793:
4791:
4780:
4778:
4768:
4766:
4755:
4753:
4743:
4741:
4730:
4728:
4717:
4715:
4703:
4701:
4690:
4688:
4677:
4675:
4664:
4662:
4651:
4649:
4638:
4636:
4625:
4623:
4611:
4609:
4593:
4591:
4580:
4578:
4574:
4570:
4556:
4554:
4550:Ross Dependency
4544:
4542:
4531:
4529:
4518:
4516:
4505:
4503:
4495:
4491:
4477:
4475:
4465:
4463:
4452:
4450:
4439:
4437:
4427:
4425:
4415:
4413:
4403:
4401:
4397:
4393:
4389:before AD 1917.
4381:
4377:
4364:
4360:
4354:House of Wettin
4343:
4339:
4330:
4326:
4309:
4305:
4291:
4289:
4277:
4275:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4243:in 1755 by the
4234:
4230:
4225:
4207:Royal household
4162:List of empires
4083:
4073:
4035:
4030:
4029:
3960:
3959:
3950:
3949:
3907:
3906:
3897:
3896:
3865:
3864:
3855:
3854:
3850:Public interest
3835:Domestic policy
3825:
3818:
3817:
3806:
3805:
3770:
3763:
3762:
3751:
3750:
3712:
3705:
3698:
3691:
3683:
3682:
3673:
3672:
3578:
3577:
3566:
3565:
3521:
3520:
3511:
3480:Politics series
3473:
3468:
3462:
3426:
3424:
3421:Kabila dynasty
3389:
3387:
3352:
3350:
3313:
3311:
3291:Ramfis Trujillo
3286:Rafael Trujillo
3274:
3272:
3249:Chiang Kai-shek
3237:
3235:
3225:Length of rule
3174:
3172:
3143:
3141:
3112:
3110:
3107:Aliyev dynasty
3081:
3079:
3050:
3048:
3031:Bashar al-Assad
3019:
3017:
2986:
2984:
2955:
2953:
2937:Current leader
2915:
2876:
2868:Main articles:
2866:
2855:
2854:
2830:
2828:
2824:House of Nahyan
2795:
2793:
2781:
2780:
2756:
2754:
2738:
2737:
2713:
2711:
2695:
2694:
2670:
2668:
2656:
2655:
2631:
2629:
2613:
2612:
2590:
2588:
2555:
2553:
2549:House of Busaid
2537:
2536:
2512:
2510:
2498:
2497:
2473:
2471:
2455:
2454:
2430:
2428:
2416:
2415:
2385:
2383:
2367:
2366:
2342:
2340:
2324:
2323:
2299:
2297:
2276:King Letsie III
2264:
2262:
2246:
2245:
2228:State of Kuwait
2221:
2219:
2203:
2202:
2178:
2176:
2172:House of Hashim
2164:
2163:
2139:
2137:
2118:King Mswati III
2106:
2104:
2081:
2079:
2068:
2067:
2055:King Frederik X
2043:
2041:
2008:
2006:
1990:
1989:
1961:
1959:
1939:Ugyen Wangchuck
1916:
1914:
1898:
1897:
1869:
1867:
1851:
1850:
1828:
1826:
1808:
1806:
1793:
1791:
1785:Solomon Islands
1778:
1776:
1763:
1761:
1748:
1746:
1733:
1731:
1718:
1716:
1704:
1702:
1689:
1687:
1674:
1672:
1659:
1657:
1644:
1642:
1629:
1627:
1614:
1612:
1601:
1600:
1572:
1570:
1524:
1513:
1260:
1232:(Primitive and
1217:
944:
782:992 years est.
756:955 years est.
745:
737:978 years est.
726:
694:
675:
654:
633:
617:–1947 CE
614:
582:
561:Length of rule
536:
418:
360:
327:King George III
260:. For example,
230:
167:
79:Prince Akishino
67:Emperor Akihito
63:Empress Michiko
49:
46:Royal household
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5815:
5805:
5804:
5799:
5794:
5778:
5777:
5746:
5712:
5684:
5656:
5628:
5614:Deutsche Welle
5600:
5572:
5546:
5520:
5494:
5479:
5472:
5452:
5425:
5395:
5363:
5341:
5313:
5292:
5255:
5227:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5218:
5217:
5208:
5187:
5166:
5149:
5147:
5146:
5133:
5120:
5107:
5082:
5074:House of Lippe
5053:
5032:
5003:
4978:
4957:
4953:Emperor Kinmei
4940:
4923:
4921:
4920:
4907:
4886:
4869:
4856:
4847:
4831:
4810:
4803:
4802:
4800:Virgin Islands
4789:
4776:
4764:
4751:
4739:
4726:
4713:
4699:
4686:
4673:
4671:Cayman Islands
4660:
4647:
4634:
4621:
4607:
4589:
4568:
4566:
4565:
4552:
4540:
4527:
4514:
4489:
4487:
4486:
4473:
4461:
4448:
4435:
4423:
4411:
4391:
4375:
4358:
4337:
4324:
4303:
4301:
4300:
4287:
4269:
4248:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4221:
4220:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4169:
4164:
4159:
4154:
4149:
4144:
4139:
4134:
4129:
4124:
4119:
4114:
4112:Dynastic union
4109:
4107:Dynastic order
4104:
4102:Dynastic cycle
4099:
4094:
4089:
4079:Main article:
4075:
4074:
4072:
4071:
4064:
4057:
4049:
4046:
4045:
4032:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4022:
4017:
4012:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3989:
3984:
3979:
3978:
3977:
3967:
3961:
3957:
3956:
3955:
3952:
3951:
3948:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3914:
3908:
3905:Related topics
3904:
3903:
3902:
3899:
3898:
3895:
3894:
3889:
3884:
3879:
3873:
3872:
3866:
3862:
3861:
3860:
3857:
3856:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3840:Foreign policy
3837:
3832:
3819:
3813:
3812:
3811:
3808:
3807:
3804:
3803:
3802:
3801:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3764:
3758:
3757:
3756:
3753:
3752:
3749:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3736:Policy studies
3733:
3728:
3723:
3718:
3713:
3701:
3699:
3687:
3684:
3680:
3679:
3678:
3675:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3572:
3571:
3568:
3567:
3564:
3563:
3558:
3553:
3548:
3543:
3538:
3533:
3528:
3522:
3519:Primary topics
3518:
3517:
3516:
3513:
3512:
3510:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3483:
3482:
3472:
3469:
3464:Main article:
3461:
3458:
3455:
3454:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3422:
3418:
3417:
3414:
3411:
3408:
3403:
3398:
3385:
3384:Bongo dynasty
3381:
3380:
3377:
3374:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3348:
3342:
3341:
3338:
3335:
3332:
3327:
3322:
3309:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3270:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3259:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3223:
3220:
3217:
3214:
3211:
3208:
3197:
3196:
3193:
3188:
3183:
3170:
3166:
3165:
3162:
3157:
3152:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3108:
3104:
3103:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3077:
3073:
3072:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3046:
3042:
3041:
3038:
3036:Hafez al-Assad
3033:
3028:
3015:
3009:
3008:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2974:
2969:
2964:
2951:
2945:
2944:
2941:
2938:
2935:
2932:
2914:
2911:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2849:
2844:
2839:
2826:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2791:
2789:House of Tupou
2785:
2784:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2752:
2750:Chakri dynasty
2746:
2745:
2732:
2727:
2722:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2689:
2684:
2682:King Felipe VI
2679:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2627:
2621:
2620:
2607:
2604:
2599:
2597:State of Qatar
2586:
2584:House of Thani
2580:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2508:
2502:
2501:
2492:
2487:
2482:
2469:
2467:'Alawi dynasty
2463:
2462:
2449:
2444:
2439:
2426:
2420:
2419:
2410:
2402:
2394:
2381:
2375:
2374:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2295:
2289:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2260:
2254:
2253:
2240:
2235:
2230:
2217:
2215:House of Sabah
2211:
2210:
2197:
2192:
2187:
2174:
2168:
2167:
2158:
2153:
2148:
2135:
2129:
2128:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2102:
2096:
2095:
2090:
2076:
2075:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2004:
1998:
1997:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1950:
1941:
1933:
1925:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1803:
1802:
1788:
1787:
1773:
1772:
1758:
1757:
1743:
1742:
1728:
1727:
1713:
1712:
1699:
1698:
1684:
1683:
1669:
1668:
1654:
1653:
1639:
1638:
1624:
1623:
1609:
1608:
1591:
1586:
1581:
1568:
1562:
1561:
1558:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1505:
1502:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1476:
1471:
1467:
1466:
1463:
1458:
1454:
1453:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1398:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1381:
1377:
1376:
1373:
1368:
1364:
1363:
1360:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1347:
1342:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1329:
1325:
1324:
1321:
1316:
1312:
1311:
1308:
1303:
1299:
1298:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1261: 653 BCE
1254:
1253:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1240:
1237:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1212:
1208:
1207:
1204:
1195:
1191:
1190:
1187:
1182:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1161:
1156:
1152:
1151:
1148:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1130:
1126:
1125:
1122:
1117:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1099:
1096:
1091:
1087:
1086:
1083:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1070:
1061:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1040:
1035:
1031:
1030:
1027:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1004:
1001:
992:
988:
987:
984:
979:
975:
974:
971:
966:
962:
961:
958:
953:
949:
948:
939:
934:
930:
929:
926:
921:
917:
916:
913:
908:
904:
903:
900:
898:Bavand dynasty
895:
891:
890:
887:
882:
878:
877:
874:
869:
865:
864:
861:
856:
852:
851:
848:
843:
839:
838:
832:
827:
823:
822:
819:
814:
810:
809:
806:
801:
797:
796:
793:
788:
784:
783:
780:
775:
771:
770:
767:
762:
758:
757:
754:
749:
739:
738:
735:
730:
720:
719:
716:
711:
707:
706:
703:
698:
688:
687:
684:
679:
669:
668:
665:
660:
650:
649:
646:
637:
627:
626:
623:
618:
608:
607:
604:
599:
595:
594:
591:
586:
583: 300 BCE
576:
575:
572:
567:
563:
562:
559:
556:
535:
532:
512:Queen Victoria
502:, who married
488:Russian Empire
484:queens regnant
460:succession law
417:
414:
359:
356:
310:, a nephew of
229:
226:
166:
163:
152:succession law
75:Empress Masako
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5814:
5803:
5800:
5798:
5795:
5793:
5790:
5789:
5787:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5761:
5757:
5750:
5742:
5738:
5734:
5730:
5726:
5722:
5716:
5701:
5700:
5695:
5688:
5673:
5672:
5667:
5660:
5645:
5644:
5639:
5632:
5616:
5615:
5610:
5604:
5589:
5588:
5583:
5576:
5560:
5556:
5550:
5534:
5530:
5524:
5508:
5504:
5498:
5491:. p. 58.
5490:
5483:
5475:
5469:
5465:
5464:
5456:
5449:
5444:
5439:
5438:
5429:
5413:
5410:(in German).
5409:
5405:
5399:
5383:
5379:
5378:
5373:
5367:
5360:
5356:
5353:
5348:
5346:
5334:
5330:
5322:
5317:
5309:
5308:
5303:
5296:
5277:
5273:
5266:
5259:
5252:
5248:
5240:
5235:
5233:
5228:
5212:
5205:
5201:
5197:
5191:
5184:
5180:
5176:
5170:
5163:
5159:
5153:
5145:
5134:
5132:
5121:
5119:
5108:
5106:
5095:
5094:
5093:consists of:
5092:
5086:
5079:
5075:
5071:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5050:
5046:
5042:
5036:
5029:
5025:
5021:
5017:
5013:
5007:
5000:
4996:
4992:
4988:
4982:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4961:
4954:
4950:
4944:
4937:
4933:
4927:
4919:
4908:
4906:
4905:Faroe Islands
4895:
4894:
4890:
4883:
4879:
4873:
4866:
4860:
4851:
4844:
4840:
4835:
4828:
4824:
4820:
4814:
4807:
4801:
4790:
4788:
4777:
4775:
4765:
4763:
4752:
4750:
4740:
4738:
4727:
4725:
4714:
4711:
4700:
4698:
4687:
4685:
4674:
4672:
4661:
4659:
4648:
4646:
4635:
4633:
4622:
4619:
4608:
4605:
4601:
4590:
4588:
4577:
4576:
4572:
4564:
4553:
4551:
4541:
4539:
4528:
4526:
4515:
4513:
4502:
4501:
4500:consists of:
4499:
4493:
4485:
4474:
4472:
4462:
4460:
4449:
4447:
4436:
4434:
4424:
4422:
4412:
4410:
4400:
4399:
4395:
4388:
4384:
4379:
4372:
4368:
4362:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4341:
4334:
4333:dynastic seat
4328:
4321:
4317:
4313:
4307:
4299:
4288:
4285:
4273:
4270:
4268:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4232:
4228:
4218:
4215:
4213:
4210:
4208:
4205:
4203:
4200:
4198:
4195:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4183:
4180:
4178:
4175:
4173:
4170:
4168:
4165:
4163:
4160:
4158:
4155:
4153:
4150:
4148:
4145:
4143:
4140:
4138:
4135:
4133:
4130:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4118:
4115:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4090:
4088:
4085:
4084:
4082:
4070:
4065:
4063:
4058:
4056:
4051:
4050:
4048:
4047:
4044:
4039:
4034:
4033:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3990:
3988:
3985:
3983:
3980:
3976:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3968:
3966:
3963:
3962:
3954:
3953:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3915:
3913:
3910:
3909:
3901:
3900:
3893:
3890:
3888:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3874:
3871:
3868:
3867:
3859:
3858:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3845:Civil society
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3829:
3824:
3823:Public policy
3821:
3820:
3816:
3810:
3809:
3799:
3795:
3791:
3790:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3774:
3769:
3766:
3765:
3761:
3755:
3754:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3727:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3686:
3685:
3677:
3676:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3643:Parliamentary
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3628:Hybrid regime
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3580:
3576:
3570:
3569:
3562:
3559:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3547:
3544:
3542:
3539:
3537:
3534:
3532:
3529:
3527:
3524:
3523:
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3443:Joseph Kabila
3441:
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3404:
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3333:
3331:
3328:
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3323:
3321:
3310:
3308:
3307:Somoza family
3305:
3304:
3300:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
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3271:
3268:
3267:
3263:
3260:
3257:
3255:
3252:
3250:
3247:
3245:
3234:
3232:
3231:Chiang family
3229:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3219:Year founded
3218:
3215:
3212:
3209:
3206:
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3194:
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3184:
3182:
3171:
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3140:
3137:
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3132:
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3129:Heydar Aliyev
3127:
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3122:
3120:
3109:
3106:
3105:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3078:
3076:DĂ©by dynasty
3075:
3074:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3037:
3034:
3032:
3029:
3027:
3016:
3014:
3013:Assad dynasty
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2983:
2980:
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2975:
2973:
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2968:
2965:
2963:
2952:
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2943:Year founded
2942:
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2908:
2904:
2900:
2896:
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2840:
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2827:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2807:King Tupou VI
2805:
2803:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2786:
2779:
2776:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
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2728:
2726:
2723:
2721:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2699:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2687:King Philip V
2685:
2683:
2680:
2678:
2667:
2665:
2662:
2661:
2654:
2651:
2649:
2646:
2644:
2641:
2639:
2628:
2626:
2625:House of Saud
2623:
2622:
2617:
2611:
2608:
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2603:
2600:
2598:
2587:
2585:
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2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2333:
2328:
2322:
2321:Lower Austria
2319:
2317:
2316:Prince Karl I
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2296:
2294:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
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2207:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2186:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2156:Emperor Jimmu
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2136:
2134:
2131:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2121:
2119:
2116:
2114:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2097:
2094:
2093:King Harald V
2091:
2089:
2078:
2077:
2072:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2040:
2038:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1988:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1958:
1956:
1953:
1952:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1924:
1913:
1911:
1908:
1907:
1902:
1896:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1886:King Albert I
1884:
1882:
1881:King Philippe
1879:
1877:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1860:
1855:
1849:
1846:
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1841:
1838:
1836:
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1801:
1790:
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1715:
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1569:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1536:head of state
1533:
1529:
1522:
1518:
1503:
1501:
1498:
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1494:
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1433:
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1425:
1423:
1422:Southern Ming
1419:
1416:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1385:
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1235:
1231:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1213:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1202:Northern Yuan
1199:
1196:
1193:
1192:
1188:
1186:
1183:
1180:
1179:
1175:
1173:
1172:Siri Sanga Bo
1170:
1167:
1166:
1162:
1160:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1149:
1147:
1144:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:
1123:
1121:
1118:
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1110:
1108:
1105:
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1028:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1019:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1007:
1006:
1002:
1000:
999:Korean Empire
996:
993:
990:
989:
985:
983:
980:
977:
976:
972:
970:
967:
964:
963:
959:
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938:
935:
932:
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927:
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922:
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905:
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899:
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849:
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844:
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837:
833:
831:
828:
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824:
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815:
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811:
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802:
799:
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789:
786:
785:
781:
779:
776:
773:
772:
768:
766:
763:
760:
759:
755:
753:
750:
741:
740:
736:
734:
731:
722:
721:
717:
715:
712:
710:c.730 â 1855
709:
708:
704:
702:
699:
690:
689:
685:
683:
680:
671:
670:
666:
664:
661:
658:
652:
651:
647:
645:
641:
638:
629:
628:
624:
622:
619:
615: 493 CE
610:
609:
605:
603:
600:
597:
596:
592:
590:
587:
578:
577:
573:
571:
568:
565:
564:
560:
557:
554:
553:
550:
545:
540:
531:
529:
528:matrilineally
525:
521:
517:
513:
509:
505:
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
481:
477:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
454:
450:
449:patrilineally
445:
443:
439:
435:
434:Ancient Egypt
431:
427:
426:civilizations
423:
413:
411:
407:
403:
402:heir apparent
399:
395:
391:
387:
379:
378:
377:Pax Austriaca
373:
369:
368:Maria Theresa
364:
355:
352:
348:
344:
340:
336:
332:
331:royal dukedom
328:
324:
319:
317:
313:
309:
305:
301:
296:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
274:
269:
267:
263:
259:
255:
247:
243:
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234:
225:
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219:
215:
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207:
203:
199:
195:
191:
186:
184:
180:
172:
162:
159:
157:
153:
149:
146:
142:
141:patrilineally
137:
135:
131:
130:Ancient Egypt
127:
123:
122:civilizations
119:
114:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
55:
51:
47:
43:
36:
29:
22:
5763:
5759:
5749:
5724:
5715:
5703:. Retrieved
5699:The Diplomat
5697:
5687:
5675:. Retrieved
5671:The Diplomat
5669:
5659:
5647:. Retrieved
5641:
5631:
5619:. Retrieved
5612:
5603:
5591:. Retrieved
5585:
5575:
5563:. Retrieved
5558:
5549:
5537:. Retrieved
5532:
5523:
5511:. Retrieved
5506:
5497:
5488:
5482:
5462:
5455:
5446:
5436:
5428:
5416:. Retrieved
5407:
5398:
5386:. Retrieved
5382:the original
5375:
5366:
5332:
5328:
5320:
5316:
5305:
5295:
5283:. Retrieved
5271:
5258:
5246:
5238:
5211:
5190:
5169:
5152:
5144:Sint Maarten
5085:
5056:
5035:
5006:
4981:
4974:House of Ali
4960:
4949:Emperor Ćjin
4943:
4935:
4926:
4889:
4872:
4859:
4850:
4834:
4813:
4571:
4512:Cook Islands
4492:
4394:
4378:
4361:
4340:
4327:
4306:
4274:(ruling the
4251:
4231:
4202:Royal family
4087:Cadet branch
3773:street-level
3648:Presidential
3608:Dictatorship
3478:Part of the
3181:Turkmenistan
3138:Hun dynasty
3124:Ilham Aliyev
3093:Mahamat DĂ©by
2916:
2893:. Eminence,
2877:
2616:Saudi Arabia
2405:
2397:
2249:Saudi Arabia
2206:Saudi Arabia
1936:
1928:
1854:Saudi Arabia
1525:
1388:Western Liao
835:
659:to 1865 CE)
606:1,458 years
548:
520:South Africa
463:
446:
442:Ming dynasty
430:Ancient Iran
419:
383:
375:
320:
314:, is in the
297:
270:
251:
187:
182:
178:
168:
160:
155:
138:
126:Ancient Iran
115:
110:
106:
102:
90:
88:
69:, their son
50:
35:Royal family
5539:20 February
5513:20 February
5418:28 February
5131:Netherlands
4970:Banu Qatada
4893:Including:
4710:Isle of Man
4575:Including:
4525:New Zealand
4398:Including:
4367:Charles III
4122:Family seat
3912:Sovereignty
3877:Legislature
3780:Technocracy
3768:Bureaucracy
3633:Meritocracy
3613:Directorial
3222:Year ended
3216:Last Ruler
3098:Idriss DĂ©by
2972:Kim Il Sung
2967:Kim Jong Un
2949:Kim dynasty
2883:governments
2773:King Rama I
2739:(in modern
2696:(in modern
2648:Emir Saud I
2614:(in modern
2538:(in modern
2456:(in modern
2368:(in modern
2325:(in modern
2247:(in modern
2204:(in modern
2126:East Africa
2069:(in modern
1991:(in modern
1937:Druk Gyalpo
1929:Druk Gyalpo
1899:(in modern
1852:(in modern
1755:Saint Lucia
1710:New Zealand
1602:(in modern
1306:Plantagenet
765:Baduspanids
727: 1700
420:Historians
165:Terminology
116:Historians
95:monarchical
5786:Categories
5705:27 October
5593:7 February
5559:Al Jazeera
5408:ieg-ego.eu
5388:27 January
5245:"dynasty,
5223:References
5020:Terengganu
4724:Montserrat
4002:Governance
3992:Government
3987:Federalism
3588:City-state
3401:Omar Bongo
2878:Though in
2852:Liwa Oasis
2065:GlĂŒcksburg
1987:Hadhramaut
1526:There are
1504:252 years
1491:258 years
1478:262 years
1465:262 years
1452:274 years
1439:275 years
1426:294 years
1409:296 years
1392:302 years
1375:302 years
1362:304 years
1349:319 years
1336:325 years
1323:329 years
1310:330 years
1297:334 years
1284:636 years
1271:344 years
1252:353 years
1239:355 years
1234:Revival LĂȘ
1221:363 years
1206:364 years
1189:364 years
1176:377 years
1163:400 years
1159:Achaemenid
1150:410 years
1137:418 years
1124:424 years
1111:427 years
1098:438 years
1085:443 years
1072:448 years
1055:470 years
1042:471 years
1029:474 years
1016:487 years
1003:518 years
973:598 years
960:608 years
945: 623
915:678 years
902:698 years
889:705 years
876:705 years
863:728 years
850:736 years
821:790 years
808:839 years
795:843 years
769:933 years
746: 891
695: 900
682:Bagrationi
676: 780
657:Tuʻi Tonga
428:, such as
335:Cumberland
281:morganatic
273:monarchist
228:Definition
124:, such as
5797:Dynasties
5772:0001-9909
5741:2633-304X
5677:25 August
5649:25 August
5621:25 August
5507:Aljazeera
5302:"dynasty"
5285:21 August
5204:Abu Dhabi
4918:Greenland
4697:Gibraltar
4312:William I
3982:Unitarism
3970:Elections
3958:Subseries
3887:Judiciary
3882:Executive
3785:Adhocracy
3668:Theocracy
3623:Feudalism
3603:Democracy
3453:22 years
3416:56 years
3406:Ali Bongo
3379:28 years
3340:43 years
3320:Nicaragua
3301:31 years
3264:60 years
3155:Hun Manet
2899:tradition
2895:influence
2887:republics
2406:Bendahara
1891:Thuringia
1594:Thuringia
1487:Thutmosid
1435:Ptolemaic
1401:Later Jin
1332:Bendahara
1248:Estridsen
1107:Sassanian
791:Kachhwaha
534:Longevity
456:Salic law
422:periodize
386:house law
293:abolition
179:dynasteĂa
175:ÎŽÏ
ΜαÏÏΔία
148:Salic law
118:periodize
99:republics
5792:Monarchy
5565:12 April
5412:Archived
5377:BBC News
5355:Archived
5327:"house,
5276:Archived
5076:through
4997:and the
4936:KĆshitsu
4839:Albert I
4587:Anguilla
4383:George V
4272:Holy See
4010:Ideology
3828:doctrine
3789:Service
3653:Republic
3638:Monarchy
3618:Federacy
3507:Category
3487:Politics
3471:See also
3207:Dynasty
3057:Djibouti
2931:Dynasty
2907:nepotism
2903:genetics
2495:Tafilalt
2400:Abdullah
2392:Malaysia
2030:Cambodia
1544:Dynasty
1280:Habsburg
1230:Later LĂȘ
1215:Komnenos
872:Goguryeo
804:Capetian
701:Borjigid
524:Balobedu
453:Frankish
304:cognatic
289:Habsburg
279:and his
214:baronial
202:princely
194:imperial
183:dynĂĄstes
145:Frankish
5533:Reuters
5325:3rd ed.
5243:1st ed.
5118:Curaçao
4632:Bermuda
4563:Tokelau
4015:Culture
3925:Country
3583:Anarchy
3497:Outline
3210:Regime
3160:Hun Sen
2934:Regime
2880:elected
2653:Diriyah
2540:Germany
2370:Germany
2327:Austria
2286:Lesotho
2071:Germany
1944:Trongsa
1901:Germany
1895:Bavaria
1696:Jamaica
1681:Grenada
1604:Germany
1598:Bavaria
1532:monarch
1530:with a
1500:Dunkeld
1461:Fatimid
1371:Lakhmid
1358:Romanov
1319:Jiménez
1185:Umayyad
1120:Davidic
1094:Mataram
1068:Shu Han
1051:Nabhani
1038:Arsacid
1012:Timurid
937:Ottoman
924:Bolkiah
885:Solomon
859:Rathore
846:Rurikid
830:Abbasid
752:Sayfawa
733:Adaside
655:(title
644:Sisodia
558:Dynasty
464:de jure
416:History
370:of the
300:agnatic
240:of the
210:comital
156:de jure
91:dynasty
5770:
5739:
5470:
5337:10. b.
5141:
5128:
5115:
5102:
5022:. The
4915:
4902:
4797:
4784:
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947:years
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5279:(PDF)
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3502:Index
3450:2019
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3376:1986
3373:1957
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3337:1979
3334:1936
3298:1961
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3261:1988
3258:1928
3195:2006
3164:1985
3133:1993
3102:1991
3071:1977
3040:1971
3007:1967
2976:1948
2817:Tonga
2458:Italy
2452:Genoa
2413:Johor
2200:Hejaz
2146:Japan
1993:Yemen
1983:Tarim
1548:Realm
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1081:ĂrpĂĄd
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778:Silla
663:Tonga
589:Chola
256:to a
218:title
206:ducal
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103:house
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5595:2024
5567:2024
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5468:ISBN
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5390:2013
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