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as donations and other good works done in their name. This is similar to
Japanese practices and other ancestral veneration practices overall. These good deeds done in the name of the dead are reciprocated by the dead's prayers to God for the living. There are taboos and injunctions the living must follow, particularly in regard to their direct ancestors: not to use the remains of coffin wood for other purposes, to bury the dead in a proper shroud, and not to eat or drink at the beginning and/or close of Shabbat, as that is when spirits of the dead are believed to eat, drink, and bathe. One who eats during this time has stolen from the spirits, and one who drinks at the beginning of Shabbat risks ingesting contaminated bathing water.
54:
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2938:, one of the greatest companions of the Prophet. Abu Ayyub al-Ansariyy replied, âYes, I know what I am doing. I came here for the Messenger of Allahânot for the stone.â By this he meant he was seeking the blessings from the presence of the Prophet, not for the stone covering his grave. Abu Ayyub al-Ansariyy continued his response with what he heard the Messenger of Allah say: âDo not cry over the Religion of Islam if the rulers are ruling correctly. Rather, cry over this Religion if the rulers are ruling incorrectly.â By his response, Abu Ayyub was telling Marwan Ibn al-Hakam: âYou are not one of those rulers who are correctly ruling by the rules of Islam."
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1280:. However, in other cultures, this act of worship does not confer any belief that the departed ancestors have become some kind of deity. Rather, the act is a way to express filial duty, devotion and respect and look after ancestors in their afterlives as well as seek their guidance for their living descendants. In this regard, many cultures and religions have similar practices. Some may visit the graves of their parents or other ancestors, leave flowers and pray to them in order to honor and remember them, while also asking their ancestors to continue to look after them. However, this would not be considered as worshipping them since the term
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residence. This ghost was considered both powerful and something for others to fear. These ghosts are not necessarily saints (in fact, those who hold these beliefs believe very holy persons never possess others in this way, as they are always in the presence of God), but like saints, they function as intermediaries with God. In some cases these may be family shrines, which are not frequented by outsiders, but some (usually older shrines) are frequented by many. When asking for aid from one of these spirits, one may often pledge an animal sacrifice upon aid being rendered, which is also done with saints.
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3065:" and that to die and be with God is a better existence than an earthly one was relatively unknown among the ancient Egyptians. This was not to say that they were unacquainted with the harshness of life; rather, their ethos included a sense of continuity between this life and the next. The Egyptian people loved the culture, customs and religion of their daily lives so much that they wanted to continue them in the nextâalthough some might hope for a better station in the Beautiful West (Egyptian afterlife).
2193:. There can be multiple locations in the spirit world, varying in different ethnic groups. Which place souls end up in depends on how they died, the age at death, or conduct of the person when they were alive. Souls reunite with deceased relatives in the underworld and lead normal lives in the underworld as they did in the material world. In some cases, the souls of evil people undergo penance and cleansing before they are granted entrance into a particular spirit realm. Souls would eventually
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1488:) are presumed to be especially active. In order to combat this, food-offerings are made to benefit them, some of these ghosts having the opportunity to end their period of purgation, whereas others are imagined to leave hell temporarily, to then return to endure more suffering; without much explanation, relatives who are not in hell (who are in heaven or otherwise reincarnated) are also generally imagined to benefit from the ceremonies.
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1545:) seek to honour and recollect the actions of the deceased; they represent the ultimate homage to the dead. The importance of paying respect to parents (and elders) lies with the fact that all physical bodily aspects of one's being were created by one's parents, who continued to tend to one's well-being until one was on firm footing. The respect and homage to parents is to return this gracious deed to them in life and after. The
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1417:, whereby a deceased family member's remains may be exhumed to be periodically re-wrapped in fresh silk shrouds before being replaced in the tomb. The famadihana is an occasion to celebrate the beloved ancestor's memory, reunite with family and community, and enjoy a festive atmosphere. Residents of surrounding villages are often invited to attend the party, where food and rum are typically served and a
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of similar practice was likely seen as acceptable in
Israelite religion until King Josiah's reign. In Biblical literature, and in contemporary prayer, the ancestors, particularly Abraham, Moses, Aaron, Jacob/Israel, or "the Patriarchs" and "the Matriarchs", are often referred to. Stress is placed on the identity of the Jewish people as being the "seed", "house", or "children" of these figures.
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cultures, the purpose of ancestor veneration is not to ask for favors but to do one's filial duty. Some cultures believe that their ancestors actually need to be provided for by their descendants, and their practices include offerings of food and other provisions. Others do not believe that the ancestors are even aware of what their descendants do for them, but that the expression of
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always blesses the family. So every Ahom family in order to worship the dead establish a pillar on the opposite side of the kitchen (Barghar) which is called âDamkhutaâ where they worship the dead with various offerings like homemade wine, mah-prasad, rice with various items of meat and fish. Me-Dam-Me-Phi, a ritual centred on commemorating the dead, is celebrated by the
2482:. The evening before All Saints'â"All Hallows Eve" or "Hallowe'en"âis unofficially the Catholic day to remember the realities of Hell, to mourn the souls lost to evil, and to remember ways to avoid Hell . It is commonly celebrated in the United States and parts of the United Kingdom in a spirit of light-hearted horror and fear, which is marked by the recounting of
2747:(in France, Belgium, the United Kingdom, the Philippines, Panama, Italy, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, and Tunisia). It is also common practice among veterans to memorialize fallen service members on the dates of their death. This practice is also common in other countries when remembering Americans who died in battles to liberate their towns in the
3261:, like many Mediterranean societies, regarded the bodies of the dead as polluting. During Rome's Classical period, the body was most often cremated, and the ashes placed in a tomb outside the city walls. Much of the month of February was devoted to purifications, propitiation, and veneration of the dead, especially at the nine-day
1427:, taboos that are respected during and after the lifetime of the person who establishes them. It is widely believed that by showing respect for ancestors in these ways, they may intervene on behalf of the living. Conversely, misfortunes are often attributed to ancestors whose memory or wishes have been neglected. The sacrifice of
1686:, in which the family makes offerings to the deceased. During these rituals, the family prepares the food items that the deceased liked and offers food to the deceased. They offer this food to crows as well on certain days as it is believed that the soul comes in the form of a bird to taste it. They are also obliged to offer
2331:. Filipinos traditionally observe this day by visiting the family dead, cleaning and repairing their tombs. Common offerings are prayers, flowers, candles, and even food, while many also spend the remainder of the day and ensuing night holding reunions at the graveyard, playing games and music or singing.
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Judaism, like Islam, has a complicated relationship to ancestor veneration/worship, grave shrines, and other related concepts. It is thought ancient
Israelite religion and Pre-Israelite Cannanites practiced a form of ancestor worship in which ancestors were raised to the status of gods, and some form
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Before the introduction of
Buddhism to Japan, ancestor worship and funerary rites were not common, especially for non-elites. In the Heian Period, abandonment was a common method of disposing of the dead. Following the advent of Buddhism, rituals were sometimes performed at the gravesite after burial
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on 31 January every year in memory of the departed. It is the manifestation of the concept of ancestor worship that the Ahoms share with other peoples originating from the Tai-Shan stock. It is a festival to show respect to the departed ancestors and remember their contribution to society. On the day
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In the United States and Canada, flowers, wreaths, grave decorations and sometimes candles, food, small pebbles, or items the dead valued in life are put on graves year-round as a way to honor the dead. These traditions originate in the diverse cultural backgrounds of the current populations of both
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It is thought that the word Sheol (the afterlife referred to in
Biblical literature) comes from the word meaning "to inquire". Pre-Israelite Cannanites gave their ancestors offerings of food and drink, as well as symbolic vessel offerings which, even empty, provided both in the afterlife. In light
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Two prayers- Kaddish and Yizkor- are recited on behalf of the dead by
Rabbinic Jews, including on anniversaries of a death. For some, the performance of prayers, especially prayers in their first year after death from their children, are thought to positively impact God's judgement of them, as well
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or deities. In some Afro-diasporic cultures, ancestors are seen as being able to intercede on behalf of the living, often as messengers between humans and God. As spirits who were once human themselves, they are seen as being better able to understand human needs than would a divine being. In other
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Filipino people still hold ancestors in particular esteemâthough without the formality common to their neighboursâdespite having been
Christianised since coming into contact with Spanish missionaries in 1521. In the present day, ancestor veneration is expressed in having photographs of the dead by
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is based on ancestor-worship. The Ahoms believe that a person after his death remains as âDamâ(ancestor) only for a few days and soon he becomes âPhiâ (God). They also believe that the soul of a person which is immortal unites with the supreme soul, possesses the qualities of a spiritual being and
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entwined with veneration of the dead, which one academic referred to as "ghost riders". A ghost who came to possess a person would be honored with a dedicated grave monument or sanctuary, where locals would make offerings and swear oaths. Those who swore false oaths may be punished by the ghost in
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Ancestor veneration is prevalent throughout Africa, and serves as the basis of many religions. It is often augmented by a belief in a supreme being, but prayers and/or sacrifices are usually offered to the ancestors who may ascend to becoming a kind of minor deities themselves. Ancestor veneration
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even invited passers-by to speak aloud the names of the deceased within (which also helped to perpetuate their memory), and to offer water, prayers or other things if they so desired. In the private homes of the less wealthy, niches were carved into the walls for the purpose of housing images of
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In contemporary
Rabbinic Judaism, visiting the graves of tzaddikim (righteous figures akin to saints) has long remained popular, including the graves of ancestral figures like Abraham and Esther. These visits may also be accompanied by petitions of the dead, as their elevated status is thought to
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Americans of various religions and cultures may build a shrine in their home dedicated to loved ones who have died, with pictures of their ancestors, flowers and mementos. Increasingly, many roadside shrines may be seen for deceased relatives who died in car accidents or were killed on that spot,
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are left for them. On the festival day, ancient people would extinguish the hearth fires in their homes, participate in a community bonfire festival, and then carry a flame home from the communal fire and use it to light their home fires anew. This custom has continued to some extent into modern
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are provided so that the deceased will be able to have these items after they have died. Often, paper versions of these objects are burned for the same purpose. Originally, real-life objects were buried with the dead. In time these goods were replaced by full size clay models which in turn were
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Although there is no generally accepted theory concerning the origins of ancestor veneration, this social phenomenon appears in some form in all human cultures documented so far. David-Barrett and Carney claim that ancestor veneration might have served a group coordination role during
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waited patiently behind Wesir's judgment seat to consume them. She was a composite creature resembling three of the deadliest animals in Egypt: the crocodile, the hippopotamus and the lion. Being fed to Ammit was to be consigned to the
Eternal Void, to be "unmade" as a
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These offerings and practices are done frequently during important traditional or religious celebrations, the starting of a new business, or even when a family member needs guidance or counsel and is a hallmark of the emphasis
Vietnamese culture places on filial duty.
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memorial stones are associated with ancestral worship in western India. These memorials are worshipped by people of associated community or descendants of a person on special days such as death day of person, event anniversaries, festivals, auspicious days in Kartika,
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A significant distinguishing feature of Vietnamese ancestor veneration is that women have traditionally been allowed to participate and co-officiate ancestral rites, unlike in Chinese Confucian doctrine, which allows only male descendants to perform such rites.
3077:(soul) of the deceased could return to receive offerings of the things s/he enjoyed while alive. If mummification was not affordable, a "ka-statue" in the likeness of the deceased was carved for this purpose. The Blessed Dead were collectively called the
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during which a family honored its ancestors. The family visited the cemetery and shared cake and wine, both in the form of offerings to the dead and as a meal among themselves. The Parentalia drew to a close on February 21 with the more somber
2782:. While there is no clear answer as to why, this custom of leaving pebbles may date back to biblical days when individuals were buried under piles of stones. Today, they are left as tokens that people have been there to visit and to remember.
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is a traditional method used to appease or honor the ancestors. Small, everyday gestures of respect include throwing the first capful of a newly opened bottle of rum into the northeast corner of the room to give the ancestors their due share.
1803:, the lover's skeletons of a man between 35 and 40 years old and women in early 20s were found who were likely married to each other and buried together, their grave contained pots which likely carried food and water as offering to the dead.
1604:. Due to the hardships of the late 19th- and 20th-century China, when meat and poultry were difficult to come by, sumptuous feasts are still offered in some Asian countries as a practice to the spirits or ancestors. However, in the orthodox
2961:- the merit of one's ancestors, used to explain both a belief that the dead pray on behalf of the deceased, and a prayer to God to remember the good deeds of one's ancestors and be merciful in judgement- into the related idea of
2470:), or "The Day of the Dead", is the day when all of the faithful dead are remembered. On that day, families go to cemeteries to light candles for their dead relatives, leave them flowers, and often to picnic. They also celebrate
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is to ensure the ancestors' continued well-being and positive disposition towards the living, and sometimes to ask for special favours or assistance. The social or non-religious function of ancestor veneration is to cultivate
2934:âthat he once passed by the grave of the Prophet and saw a man with his cheek on the grave of the Prophet. Marwan Ibn al-Hakam asked: âDo you know what you are doing?â Nearing the grave, Marwan Ibn al-Hakam realized it was
2337:, meanwhile, have the most apparent and distinct customs related to ancestor veneration, carried over from traditional Chinese religion and most often melded with their current Catholic faith. Many still burn incense and
2189:(lit. "guardian" or "caretaker"). They can be the spirits of actual ancestors or generalized guardian spirits of a family. Ancient Filipinos believed that upon death, the soul of a person travels (usually by boat) to a
2426:, and great platters of food are made as offerings on the ancestor altar, which usually has pictures or plaques with the names of the deceased. In the case of missing persons, believed to be dead by their family, a
2293:, "fetch") by the spirits of dead relatives. It is said that when the dying call out the names of deceased loved ones, they can see the spirits of those particular people waiting at the foot of the deathbed.
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give them more direct access to God. Rabbinic Jews stress that they do not worship the dead, and only respect and honor them- a distinction made by other cultures, including Japanese and African cultures.
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at each grave. Memorial Day is traditionally observed on the last Monday in May, allotting for a 3-day weekend in which many memorial services and parades take place not only across the country, but in 26
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Native Americans were not heavily concerned with the veneration of the dead, though they were known to bury the dead with clothes and tools as well as occasionally leave food and drink at the gravesite;
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ceremony, the ancestral spirit supposedly would enter the personator, who would eat and drink sacrificial offerings and convey spiritual messages. Spiritual messages usually were conveyed in the form of
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can be used to appease or banish them. Ancestor spirits also figured prominently during illness or death, as they were believed to be the ones who call the soul to the underworld, guide the soul (a
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pp. 197â216: Ross, Anne "Material Culture, Myth and Folk Memory" (on modern survivals); pp. 217â242: Danaher, Kevin "Irish Folk Tradition and the Celtic Calendar" (on specific customs and rituals)
1694:. Only after these rituals are the family members allowed to eat. It is believed that this reminds the ancestors's spirits that they are not forgotten and are loved, so it brings them peace. On
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cultures (which includes but should be distinguished from multiple cultures and Indigenous populations in the Americas who were never influenced by the African Diaspora), the goal of ancestor
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of one's loved one was always an important occasion. Besides an essential gathering of family members for a banquet in memory of the deceased, incense sticks are burned along with
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language overnight (continuously, without sleeping) in prelude to the gates of hell opening, an event that is presumed to occur once a year, and is linked to the cosmology of King
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of this, "honor thy father and mother", is thought by some to have referenced this practice, particularly as it predates the ban of ancestor worship and necromancy by Josiah.
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The majority of Catholics, Buddhists and nonbelievers practise ancestral rites, although Protestants do not. The Catholic ban on ancestral rituals was lifted in 1939, when the
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the home altar, a common fixture in many Filipino Christian homes. Candles are often kept burning before the photographs, which are sometimes decorated with garlands of fresh
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were housing in the Hereafter and so they were carefully constructed and decorated, just as homes for the living were. Mummification was a way to preserve the corpse so the
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Ashkenazi Jews commonly name children after dead relatives, and are hoped to embody those dead's positive traits. Eastern European Jews specifically transform the concept of
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is a Federal holiday for remembering the deceased men and women who served in the nation's military, particularly those who died in war or during active service. In the 147
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DĂĄvid-Barrett, TamĂĄs; Carney, James (2015-08-14). "The deification of historical figures and the emergence of priesthoods as a solution to a network coordination problem".
2373:, lit. "spirit dance" or "ghost dance") takes place. It includes offerings for ancestors with spirit mediums sword fighting, spirit-possessed dancing, and spirit mediums
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Sije (ìì , æç„; also called ìŹìì or ćæç„) â seasonal rites held for ancestors who are five or more generations removed (typically performed annually on the tenth lunar month)
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was not properly prepared, this journey could be fraught with dangerous pitfalls and strange demons; hence some of the earliest religious texts discovered, such as the
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people make offerings to their ancestors. Pchum Ben is a time when many Cambodians pay their respects to deceased relatives of up to seven generations. Monks chant the
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to perform prayers and give offerings at their tombs. In return, the priests were allowed to keep a portion of the offerings as payment for services rendered. Some
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Islam has a complex and mixed view on the idea of grave shrines and ancestor worship. The graves of many early Islamic figures are holy sites for Muslims, including
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1407:. Approximately half of the country's population of 20 million currently practice traditional religion, which tends to emphasize links between the living and the
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2466:), became known and is still known as the day to specifically venerate those who have died, and who have been deemed official saints by the Church. November 2, (
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rituals may be used to invoke good ancestor spirits for protection, intercession, or advice. Vengeful spirits of the dead can manifest as apparitions or ghosts (
1182:. Ancestor veneration occurs in societies with every degree of social, political, and technological complexity, and it remains an important component of various
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Ancestor worship in modern-day Myanmar is largely confined to some ethnic minority communities, but mainstream remnants of it still exist, such as worship of
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Rodney C. Jubilado; Hanafi Hussin & Maria Khristina Manueli (2011). "The Sama-Bajaus of Sulu-Sulawesi Seas: perspectives from linguistics and culture".
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2285:, the national flower. Ancestors, particularly dead parents, are still regarded as psychopomps, as a dying person is said to be brought to the afterlife (
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Some followers of Islam are at odds with the concept of saint veneration, but this practice is retained in Turkey, particularly through Alevi Muslims.
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In traditional Chinese culture, sacrifices are sometimes made to altars as food for the deceased. This falls under the modes of communication with the
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may but from the limited perspective of certain Western European Christian traditions, convey a more accurate sense of what practitioners, such as the
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wore the masks and regalia of the dead person's ancestors as the body was carried from the home, through the streets, and to its final resting place.
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were also displayed. The masks, probably modeled of wax from the face of the deceased, were part of the funeral procession when an elite Roman died.
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veneration of the dead finds its greatest expression in the Philippines is the Hallowmas season between 31 October and 2 November, variously called
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In Sri Lanka, making offerings to one's ancestors is conducted on the sixth day after death as a part of traditional Sri Lankan funeral rites.
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days, people pray that the souls of ancestors be appeased, forget any animosity and find peace. Each year, on the particular date (as per the
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1411:(ancestors). The veneration of ancestors has led to the widespread tradition of tomb building, as well as the highlands practice of the
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at family tombs and before photos at home, while they incorporate Chinese practises into Masses held during the All Souls' Day period.
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with many companions and early caliphs. Many other mausoleums are major architectural, political, and cultural sites, including the
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sometimes financed by the state or province as these markers serve as potent reminders to drive cautiously in hazardous areas. The
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Image â Object â Performance: Mediality and Communication in Cultural Contact Zones of Colonial Latin America and the Philippines
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images of deceased kings and their consorts were worshipped three times a year by the royal family, during the Burmese New Year (
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societies, as well as the African and European cultures see themselves as doing. This is consistent with the meaning of the word
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remains among many Africans, sometimes practiced alongside the later adopted religions of Christianity (as in Nigeria among the
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Drixler, Fabian (2019). "Imagined Communities of the Living and the Dead". In Berry, Mary Elizabeth; Yonemoto, Marcia (eds.).
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troupe or other musical entertainment is commonly present. Veneration of ancestors is also demonstrated through adherence to
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disputes the concept of saint veneration. Followers of this movement have destroyed many gravesite shrines, including in
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in Washington, D.C., is particularly known for the leaving of offerings to the deceased; items left are collected by the
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may not always convey such meaning in the exclusive and narrow context of certain Western European Christian traditions.
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Imagined Communities of the Living and the Dead:: The Spread of the Ancestor-Venerating Stem Family in Tokugawa Japan
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Many of these same religious beliefs and ancestor veneration practices are still carried on today in the religion of
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Davies, John; Jenkins, Nigel (2008). The Welsh Academy Encyclopaedia of Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
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Although some historians claim that ancient Egyptian society was a "death cult" because of its elaborate tombs and
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are also times when relatives and friends of the deceased may gather at the graves of their loved ones. In the
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of Me-Dam Me Phi worship is offered only to Chaufi and Dam Chaufi because they are regarded as gods of heaven.
1676:, which is venerated. When a person dies, the family observes a thirteen-day mourning period, generally called
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3199:"alive" in this life as well as in the next. Royals, nobles and the wealthy made contracts with their local
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2719:, one's local parish church often offers prayers for the dead on their death anniversary or All Souls' Day.
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in English, that is great respect or reverence caused by the dignity, wisdom, or dedication of a person.
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Indian and Chinese practices of ancestor-worship are prevalent throughout Asia as a result of the large
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Ancestors are widely revered, honoured, and venerated in India. The spirit of a dead person is called a
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deemed worthy to be venerated by the living through rites and offerings. Those who became lost in the
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Most cultures who practice ancestor veneration do not call it "ancestor worship". In English, the word
4435:"Depicting Netherworlds, or the Treatment of the Afterlife in a Colonial Contact Zone: The Paete Case"
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and Buddhist rituals, only vegetarian food would suffice. For those with deceased in the afterlife or
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1702:) when the person had died, the family members repeat this ritual. This period falls just before the
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Souls in the spirit world still retain a degree of influence in the material world, and vice versa.
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countries. In the United States, many people honor deceased loved ones who were in the military on
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4574:. Cambridge Studies in Social and Cultural Anthropology, Volume 109. Cambridge University Press.
4050:. Answers from Early Modern Japan (1 ed.). University of California Press. pp. 68â108.
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supported a cult of the dead which worshipped or petitioned the dead through ritualistic dances.
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In Vietnam, traditionally people did not celebrate birthdays (before Western influence), but the
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1745:, and elsewhere across the continent. Furthermore, the large Indian population in places such as
1576:
1505:
1392:
1380:(ancient Seereer saints and/or ancestral spirits). There are various types of pangool (singular:
1210:
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could suffer after physical death was to be forgotten. For this reason, ancestor veneration in
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3175:, the Restless Dead. For the few whose truly evil hearts outweighed the Feather, the goddess
2518:, the autumn ancestor festivals occur around November 1. In Cornwall the festival is known as
2057:
Kije (êž°ì , ćżç„) â household rites held the night before an ancestor's death anniversary (êž°ìŒ, ćżæ„)
505:
9344:
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4010:ĆtĆ, Osamu (2011). "Life and Death, Funeral Rites and Burial Systems in Early Modern Japan".
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replaced by scale models, and in time today's paper offerings (including paper servants).
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or deliberately tried to avoid judgment became the unfortunate (and sometimes dangerous)
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1588:. Some of the veneration includes visiting the deceased at their graves, and making or
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6702:
5016:"The Living and the Dead: A Cross-Cultural Perspective on Jewish Memorial Observances"
4548:
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on February 22 was a celebration of the family line as it continued into the present.
1850:. These memorials are washed with milk and water on these days. They are smeared with
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In Indonesia ancestor worship has been a tradition of some of the indigenous people.
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A young couple's grave found in the Rakhigarhi cemetery of the Harappan Civilization
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3091:) and were indeed depicted as golden stars on the roofs of many tombs and temples.
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2017:
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3685:"Why minds create gods: Devotion, deception, death, and arational decision making"
3628:
2415:, as practically all Vietnamese have an ancestor altar in their home or business.
2269:. These were carved by the community upon a person's death. Every household had a
2107:
Some scholars attribute the disappearance of ancestor worship to the influence of
2080:
Ancestor worship was present in the royal court in pre-colonial Burma. During the
1102:, and may possess the ability to influence the fortune of the living. Some groups
9354:
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4924:
Urban Anthropology and Studies of Cultural Systems and World Economic Development
4678:
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4434:
4118:
3970:
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3324:
3262:
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2566:. Lights in the window to guide the dead home are left burning all night. On the
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2011:
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and other rituals for their dead ancestors, along with those of other families.
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were actually written as guides to help the deceased successfully navigate the
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2238:
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1699:
1601:
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1318:
1317:, and thus it was the mechanism that led to religious representation fostering
1292:
1008:
983:
856:
415:
410:
3944:
Ancient lovers found in Indian burial site mystify and intrigue archaeologists
3700:
2073:(literally "great grandfather"), as well as of other guardian spirits such as
1106:
their direct, familial ancestors. Certain religious groups, in particular the
475:
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2098:. The images were stored in the treasury and worshiped at the Zetawunzaung (
2020:
scholars and kings of ancient times, respectively. The ceremony held on the
1484:. During this period, the gates of hell are opened and ghosts of the dead (
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5313:
4973:"What do the Dead Know?: Ancestor Worship and Necromancy in Ancient Israel"
4890:
4657:
3419:
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218:
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6698:
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6015:
4872:
4862:
4693:
Searching for Vietnam: selected writings on Vietnamese culture and society
4502:"The Tinguian; Social, Religious, and Economic life of a Philippine tribe"
3204:
964:
9253:
9084:
8388:
8231:
8061:
8031:
8026:
7891:
7741:
7706:
7561:
7360:
7249:
7239:
6999:
6713:
6657:
6430:
6037:
5773:
5381:
5318:
5303:
4786:
The Pagan Religions of the Ancient British Isles: Their Nature and Legacy
3350:
3241:
2897:
2567:
2526:
2483:
2459:
2172:
1919:
1862:
is lighted near it with sesame oil. Sometimes a flag is erected over it.
1773:
1331:
1134:. Other religious groups, however, consider veneration of the dead to be
959:
905:
836:
791:
440:
354:
337:
233:
203:
163:
4943:
4919:
3742:
Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History, and Representation
2766:
9248:
9089:
8934:
8817:
8760:
8598:
8408:
8273:
8211:
8186:
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6320:
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5308:
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5039:
5015:
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3266:
3102:
was not automatic upon death; it involved a 70-day journey through the
2977:
Ancestor worship was a prominent feature of many historical societies.
2923:
2614: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2572:
2338:
2246:
2215:
2043:
1843:
1811:
1792:
1786:
1753:
has resulted in these practices spreading beyond their Asian homeland.
1707:
1556:
1481:
1413:
1404:
1396:
1305:
1224: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1166:
1103:
949:
445:
349:
178:
173:
158:
143:
133:
128:
103:
93:
3087:). They were described as "shining as gold in the belly of Nut" (Gr.
1993:
1990:
1969:
1966:
683:
9059:
9039:
8974:
8812:
8710:
8693:
8648:
8638:
8588:
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8543:
8463:
8418:
8413:
8181:
7823:
7691:
7536:
7451:
7365:
6835:
6504:
6285:
6205:
6059:
5924:
5778:
5255:
4632:
4365:"The Soul According to the Ethnolinguistic Groups of the Philippines"
3444:
3429:
3121:
2909:
2905:
2748:
2700:
2696:
2532:
2520:
2475:
2427:
2327:(lit. "Day of the Dead"), which refers to the following solemnity of
2165:
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1871:
1839:
1742:
1734:
1459:
1183:
1131:
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806:
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297:
208:
118:
78:
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2990:
2825:
2589:
2265:. Ancestor spirits are usually represented by carved figures called
1199:
322:
9258:
9009:
8853:
8755:
8740:
8458:
8453:
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8308:
8298:
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8166:
8001:
7876:
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7146:
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6768:
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6535:
6422:
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passed judgment and was granted access to the Beautiful West as an
2927:
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2479:
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2090:
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1738:
1715:
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993:
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890:
878:
801:
732:
725:
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332:
292:
287:
7726:
7176:
5447:
5437:
4395:"Anitism: a survey of religious beliefs native to the Philippines"
3660:
Modes of Religiosity. A Cognitive Theory of Religious Transmission
2756:
1372:
of Senegal, The Gambia and Mauritania who adhere to the tenets of
1335:
9273:
9243:
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9044:
9034:
8949:
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8683:
8678:
8613:
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8523:
8473:
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8041:
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7214:
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6672:
6383:
6260:
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6080:
5947:
5783:
5111:"Libation by Kimani S. K. Nehusi (Ebook) - Read free for 30 days"
4499:
3414:
3302:
3271:
3061:, it was the opposite. The philosophy that "this world is but a
2887:
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2545:
2487:
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83:
61:
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5209:
3983:
Adalbert J. Gail; Gerd J. R. Mevissen; Richard Salomon (2006).
3200:
3113:
2931:
2692:
2175:, ancestor spirits were one of the two major types of spirits (
2146:
2116:
2112:
2004:
1891:
1859:
1855:
1833:
1750:
1711:
1646:
1605:
1538:
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954:
708:
693:
673:
327:
188:
168:
88:
3404:
1664:
taking place at the Jagannath Ghat in Calcutta, at the end of
1403:
Veneration of ancestors is prevalent throughout the island of
1342:
and the Bakossi people) in much of the continent. In orthodox
9029:
9019:
9014:
8989:
8698:
8663:
8653:
8603:
8573:
8518:
8503:
8478:
8468:
8428:
8403:
8393:
8383:
8338:
8293:
8248:
8226:
8221:
8206:
8201:
8191:
8116:
8086:
7986:
7981:
7956:
7516:
7506:
7501:
7476:
7461:
7254:
7219:
7061:
7040:
7025:
6708:
6617:
6599:
6467:
6022:
5854:
5548:
5251:
3345:
3314:
3275:
3176:
2554:
2515:
2202:
2177:
2156:
2150:
2128:
2095:
2077:, all of which may be vestiges of historic ancestor worship.
2038:
Ancestral rites are typically divided into three categories:
1960:
1940:
1883:
1824:
1673:
1642:
1621:
1485:
1469:
1257:
1119:
929:
917:
653:
312:
302:
228:
5893:
4150:. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 12â13.
9069:
9024:
8954:
8924:
8919:
8889:
8874:
8843:
8792:
8787:
8725:
8688:
8628:
8508:
8363:
8046:
8021:
8006:
7971:
7931:
7871:
7861:
7808:
7686:
7546:
7511:
7431:
7401:
7396:
7320:
7109:
6973:
6845:
6723:
6190:
5859:
5179:
R.G. Lewis, "Imperial Autobiography, Augustus to Hadrian,"
5059:"Jewish Magic and Superstition: 5. The Spirits of the Dead"
3147:
If the heart was in balance with the Feather of Ma'at, the
3120:
s heart would be weighed on a scale against the Feather of
3104:
3088:
3068:
2550:
2411:
Ancestor veneration is one of the most unifying aspects of
2361:, a religious ceremony honoring ancestral spirits known as
2085:
2016:, which are performed periodically each year for venerated
1977:
1934:
1925:
1820:
1746:
1629:
1609:
1477:
1473:
1428:
1127:
658:
317:
4312:
Barangay: Sixteenth Century Philippine Culture and Society
3195:
was an important rite of remembrance in order to keep the
2458:
In Catholic countries in Europe (continued later with the
1559:) sacrificial representative of a dead relative. During a
8433:
8268:
8258:
8253:
8091:
7866:
7012:
4672:
Trance Dancing and Spirit Possession in Northern Thailand
4461:
3792:
3079:
2035:
formally recognised ancestral rites as a civil practice.
1943:, ancestor veneration is referred to by the generic term
1819:
s, one dedicated to man and three to women at Chhatardi,
1625:
1277:
1139:
772:
8538:
4526:. SEAsite, Northern Illinois University. Archived from
4506:
Field Museum of Natural History: Anthropological Series
4228:. Hawaii: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 90â111.
3274:, a public festival of sacrifices and offerings to the
1272:
usually but not always refers to the reverent love and
30:"Cult of the dead" redirects here. For other uses, see
4339:"How to Travel the Underworld of Philippine Mythology"
3973:, Anatomy & Cell Biology, vol 51 (3), pp. 200-204.
2691:. Days with religious and spiritual significance like
1902:
are a few examples of the forms the veneration takes.
1690:, a small feast of specific preparations, to eligible
1324:
5013:
4437:. In Astrid Windus & Eberhard Crailsheim (ed.).
3923:. Vol. 2. Mittal Publications. pp. 72â73.
3159:("true of voice") to dwell among the gods and other
1376:(Seereer religion) believe in the veneration of the
4920:"Emplacing Islam: Saint Veneration In Rural Turkey"
4861:Hultkrantz, Ă
ke (1982). Vecsey, Christopher (ed.).
3614:
2104:, "Hall of Ancestors"), along with a book of odes.
1870:Tuluvas practice a form of ancestor worship called
4314:. Quezon City: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
3739:
5168:The Roman Festivals of the Period of the Republic
4392:
9306:
5014:Savishinsky, Joel S.; Wimberley, Howard (1974).
3593:, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, 19 April 2023,
2755:, died of wounds from enemy action sustained in
1612:, elaborate or even creative offerings, such as
4597:"Day of the Dead Traditions in the Philippines"
4571:Power and Intimacy in the Christian Philippines
4567:
4033:. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 247â292.
3682:
3187:Besides being eaten by Ammit, the worst fate a
2799:the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
2407:Ancestors altar of a Vietnamese Buddhist family
4753:
4224:Sadan, Mandy (2005). Skidmore, Monique (ed.).
3822:"Dead Join the Living in a Family Celebration"
3766:Some reflections on ancestor worship in Africa
2502:" (going door to door and begging for candy).
2273:stored in a shelf in the corner of the house.
1865:
1357:
7656:
7642:
6784:
6399:
5909:
5236:
4226:Burma at the turn of the twenty-first century
3986:Script and Image: Papers on Art and Epigraphy
3729:
3222:
2908:in India. However, the religious movement of
2751:. One example of this is on 16 August (1944)
2738:, it is common for volunteers to place small
2474:to shorten the time that souls need to leave
2099:
1067:
5087:"Visiting Graves Of Tzaddikim: How And Why?"
4302:
4300:
4298:
4296:
4294:
4173:"The Challenge of Ancestor Worship in Korea"
4031:Death and the Afterlife in Japanese Buddhism
3844:
3683:Atran, Scott; Norenzayan, Ara (2004-12-01).
3290:"for the Manes gods", which appears even on
2505:
2197:after a period of time in the spirit world.
2185:communicate. Ancestor spirits were known as
1988:
1982:
1964:
1954:
1780:
1680:. A year thence, they observe the ritual of
3521:, Merriam-Webster, Incorporated, May 2023,
3019:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
2854:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
7649:
7635:
6791:
6777:
6406:
6392:
5916:
5902:
5243:
5229:
5181:Aufstieg und Niedergang der römischen Welt
4864:Belief and Worship in Native North America
4860:
4734:
4732:
4714:
4712:
4500:Fay-Cooper Cole & Albert Gale (1922).
4277:. Transaction Publishers. pp. 69â70.
3877:"Caring for the Dead Ritually in Cambodia"
3813:
3657:
3240:Detail from an early second-century Roman
2778:In Judaism, when a grave site is visited,
2759:, the same day he is credited with saving
2119:, impermanence and rejection of a 'self'.
2046:held four times a year on major holidays (
1384:), each with its own means of veneration.
1252:Ancestor reverence is not the same as the
1074:
1060:
4432:
4388:
4386:
4291:
3989:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 187â190.
3573:, Oxford University Press, archived from
3501:, Oxford University Press, archived from
3039:Learn how and when to remove this message
2874:Learn how and when to remove this message
2780:a small pebble is placed on the headstone
2674:Learn how and when to remove this message
2538:
1240:Learn how and when to remove this message
1126:; the latter also believes in prayer for
5250:
5084:
4594:
4542:
4333:
4331:
3793:Bureau of African Affairs (3 May 2011).
3235:
2765:
2570:the festival is known as "old Sauin" or
2445:
2402:
2394:
2140:
1918:
1810:
1654:
1575:
1495:
1391:
1178:, family loyalty, and continuity of the
582:Anthropological Perspectives on Religion
4788:. Oxford, Blackwell. pp. 327â341.
4729:
4709:
4624:
4561:
4247:
4245:
4148:Cultural Blending in Korean Death Rites
4141:
4139:
4043:
3124:(representing Truth). However, if the
1858:and flowers are scattered over it. The
14:
9307:
4846:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4780:
4774:
4516:
4468:. Rex Bookstore, Inc. pp. 58â59.
4455:
4383:
4251:
4028:
3914:
3908:
3819:
3786:
3738:, Christopher Burghard Steiner (ed.),
3212:and to serve as altars of veneration.
2926:, Al-Hakim, and others narrated about
2094:), at the beginning and at the end of
7630:
6943:
6772:
6387:
5897:
5224:
5085:Neustadt, Rabbi Doniel (2017-06-25).
5080:
5078:
5053:
5051:
5049:
5009:
5007:
5005:
5003:
4966:
4964:
4913:
4911:
4742:, Vol. 3. William MacLellan, Glasgow
4690:
4367:. The Aswang Project. 15 April 2017.
4341:. The Aswang Project. 14 April 2018.
4328:
4306:
4272:
4223:
3597:from the original on 18 December 2015
2304:(based on the word for " first", the
2024:of a family member's death is called
6798:
4917:
4493:
4426:
4371:from the original on 24 October 2020
4357:
4345:from the original on 24 October 2020
4242:
4145:
4136:
4111:Ancestor Worship and Korean Society,
3874:
3801:from the original on 26 October 2020
3017:adding citations to reliable sources
2984:
2852:adding citations to reliable sources
2819:
2612:adding citations to reliable sources
2583:
2441:
2133:Indigenous Philippine folk religions
1806:
1718:marks the end of the fortnight-long
1222:adding citations to reliable sources
1193:
271:Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants
5197:Smithsonian: Ancestor Worship Today
4802:
4695:. Trans Pacific Press. p. 75.
4217:
4170:
4009:
3956:
3937:
3859:
3053:Ancient Egyptian funerary practices
2972:
2916:and in territory controlled by the
2745:American cemeteries on foreign soil
2221:Ancestor spirits are also known as
2210:) and cause harm to living people.
2028:(ì°šëĄ). It is still practised today.
1325:West and Southeast African cultures
24:
6413:
5133:Michele Renee Salzman, "Religious
5075:
5046:
5000:
4961:
4908:
4812:(1896) G & R Johnson, Douglas.
4551:Journal of Southeast Asian Studies
4462:Maria Christine N. Halili (2004).
3820:Bearak, Barry (5 September 2010).
2218:), or meet the soul upon arrival.
1334:), and Islam (among the different
401:Archaeology of religion and ritual
52:
25:
9376:
9160:Enigmatic Book of the Netherworld
9155:The Contendings of Horus and Seth
5190:
4970:
2535:is derived from these festivals.
1733:populations in countries such as
1448:
32:Cult of the dead (disambiguation)
9287:
9203:Beautiful Festival of the Valley
7725:
7611:
7610:
6874:
6753:
6752:
6449:
6368:
6367:
5878:
5877:
5208:
4759:O'Driscoll, Robert (ed.) (1981)
4738:McNeill, F. Marian (1961, 1990)
4121:Roger Janelli, Dawnhee Janelli,
3311:) in the tablinum of their home
2989:
2980:
2824:
2588:
2579:
2399:A Vietnamese altar for ancestors
1586:Chinese spiritual world concepts
1551:(ć°ž; "corpse, personator") was a
1198:
5173:
5157:
5144:
5127:
5103:
4950:from the original on 2021-04-21
4897:from the original on 2020-10-18
4854:
4815:
4684:
4664:
4649:from the original on 2023-08-30
4618:
4607:from the original on 2022-05-18
4588:
4482:from the original on 2023-12-30
4415:from the original on 2018-07-07
4266:
4185:from the original on 2012-06-17
4164:
4103:
4072:from the original on 2020-07-31
4037:
4022:
4003:
3976:
3897:from the original on 2019-04-20
3868:
3853:
3759:
3732:"Ancestors as Elders in Africa"
3723:
3551:from the original on 2015-11-08
3525:from the original on 2015-10-02
3479:from the original on 2015-11-18
3231:
3083:, or "shining ones" (singular:
2599:needs additional citations for
1435:
1209:needs additional citations for
114:Evolutionary origin of religion
4524:"Mindanao Customs and Beliefs"
4171:Bae, Choon Sup (August 2007).
3676:
3651:
3617:Religion, Brain & Behavior
3608:
3581:
3561:
3547:, Cambridge University Press,
3535:
3509:
3489:
3475:, Cambridge University Press,
3463:
3319:. Some sources indicate these
3163:. At this point only was the
3116:), Lord of the Dead where the
3108:, or Otherworld, which led to
2965:, inherited ancestral status.
2122:
1989:
1983:
1965:
1955:
269:Treatise on the Apparitions of
27:Cultural or religious practice
13:
1:
5923:
5812:Hammersmith Ghost murder case
5139:A Companion to Roman Religion
4867:. Syracuse University Press.
4628:Studying Buddhism in Practice
4029:Walter, Mariko Namba (2008).
3962:Vasant Shinde1, et al, 2018,
3795:"Background Note: Madagascar"
3689:Behavioral and Brain Sciences
3629:10.1080/2153599X.2015.1063001
3456:
2160:or ancestor spirits (c. 1900)
1387:
719:Traditional African religions
264:Coral Gardens and Their Magic
9325:Buddhist belief and doctrine
4595:Bautista, Iss (2018-10-23).
3875:Holt, John Clifford (2012).
3850:Bradt (2011), pp. 13â20
3828:. p. A7. Archived from
3797:. U.S. Department of State.
3327:, while others suggest that
3305:displayed ancestral images (
2344:
1877:
1571:
1537:) and ancestor worship (æç„,
1522:Ancestor veneration in China
7:
9145:Book of Traversing Eternity
5710:Electronic voice phenomenon
5503:locations in United Kingdom
5137:and Religious Dissent," in
3921:Festivals In Indian Society
3862:Ghost Riders of Upper Egypt
3658:Whitehouse, Harvey (2004).
3338:
2802:perform posthumous baptisms
2352:
1866:Tuluva culture in Tulu Nadu
1529:, ancestor veneration (æŹç„,
1453:
1358:Serer of Senegal and Gambia
1189:
1186:practices in modern times.
10:
9381:
9170:Litany of the Eye of Horus
7723:
6050:Lighting candles on graves
5141:(Blackwell, 2007), p. 116.
4393:Stephen K. Hislop (1971).
4273:Spiro, Melford E. (1978).
4178:. University of Pretoria.
3777:African Systems of Thought
3250:
3223:Ancient Israelite Religion
3050:
2944:
2885:
2460:Anglican Church in England
2388:
2384:
2137:Souls in Filipino cultures
2126:
2064:
1932:
1784:
1760:
1651:Indian rituals after death
1640:
1519:
1457:
1361:
1276:accorded a deity (god) or
29:
9282:
9236:
9213:Coronation of the pharaoh
9193:
9185:Spell of the Twelve Caves
9098:
8908:
8867:
8836:
8778:
7922:
7910:
7852:
7799:
7790:
7734:
7664:
7658:Ancient Egyptian religion
7608:
7570:
7389:
7313:
7200:
7122:
6964:
6934:
6883:
6872:
6806:
6750:
6691:
6643:
6636:
6608:
6555:
6458:
6447:
6421:
6364:
6278:
6239:
6179:
6170:
6113:
6073:
6043:Connecticut field pumpkin
5983:
5933:
5873:
5820:
5797:
5749:
5695:
5669:
5644:
5628:
5533:
5485:
5374:
5351:
5342:
5271:
5262:
4625:Harding, John S. (2013).
4123:Stanford University Press
3860:Winkler, Hans Alexander.
3701:10.1017/S0140525X04470174
3375:Chinese rites controversy
3356:Chinese ancestral worship
3292:some Christian tombstones
3253:Roman funerals and burial
2788:Vietnam Veterans Memorial
2506:Brythonic Celtic cultures
2370:
2100:
1797:Indus Valley civilization
1781:Indus Valley Civilization
1464:During Pchum Ben and the
1287:In that sense the phrase
1108:Eastern Orthodox Churches
797:Armenian Apostolic Church
9320:Anthropology of religion
9294:Ancient Egypt portal
9140:Book of the Heavenly Cow
5682:Ancient Egyptian culture
5170:(London, 1908), p. 418.
4810:Manx Ballads & Music
4761:The Celtic Consciousness
4691:Rambo, A. Terry (2005).
4568:Fenella Cannell (1999).
4146:Park, Chang-Won (2010).
3953:, CNN, January 10, 2019.
3746:, Blackwell Publishing,
3410:Joss paper#Health impact
2815:
2623:"Veneration of the dead"
1914:
1905:
1756:
1710:falling in the month of
1636:
1592:for the deceased in the
1508:, which is dedicated to
1491:
689:Native American religion
344:Revitalization movements
199:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
46:Anthropology of religion
8995:Horus on the Crocodiles
7482:Horus on the Crocodiles
5705:Apparitional experience
5183:II.34.1 (1993), p. 658.
4918:Hart, Kimberly (2015).
4275:Burmese Supernaturalism
3884:Southeast Asian Studies
3244:depicting the death of
3094:The process by which a
1998:). Notable examples of
1900:Karo people (Indonesia)
1898:and the coffins of the
1506:Mengjia Longshan Temple
1504:during a veneration at
603:The Journal of Religion
224:Theories about religion
18:Veneration of ancestors
9365:Veneration of the dead
9165:Great Hymn to the Aten
8945:Crown of justification
8669:Souls of Pe and Nekhen
7947:Amenhotep, son of Hapu
7782:Veneration of the dead
7422:Crown of justification
7356:North African elephant
7300:Throne Hall of Dongola
6926:Veneration of the dead
6242:Veneration of the Dead
5334:Procession of the dead
4988:Cite journal requires
4252:Harvey, G. E. (1925).
4205:Cite journal requires
3730:Igor Kopytoff (1997),
3361:Chinese ancestral hall
3248:
2775:
2722:In the United States,
2539:Gaelic Celtic cultures
2455:
2408:
2400:
2296:Filipino Catholic and
2161:
1930:
1828:
1669:
1581:
1517:
1400:
1265:is what is important.
1088:veneration of the dead
649:Alaska Native religion
644:Afro-American religion
239:Veneration of the dead
57:
9330:Chinese folk religion
7265:Philae temple complex
5975:Christian observances
5789:Paranormal television
5498:locations in Scotland
5020:Jewish Social Studies
4873:10.2307/j.ctv9b2xgt.9
4258:. Longmans. pp.
3915:Sharma, Usha (2008).
3370:Chinese folk religion
3333:Professional mourners
3282:on Latin epitaphs is
3280:inscriptional phrases
3239:
3059:mummification rituals
2936:Abu Ayyub al-Ansariyy
2930:âUmayyad governor of
2792:National Park Service
2769:
2449:
2406:
2398:
2144:
1922:
1814:
1658:
1579:
1499:
1395:
1124:intercessors with God
1098:that the dead have a
1050:cultural anthropology
669:Chinese folk religion
561:Anthony F. C. Wallace
556:Daniel Martin Varisco
481:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
383:of the Religious Life
56:
7767:Opening of the mouth
6841:Flooding of the Nile
6565:Ancestral veneration
6472:Chicamassi-chinuinji
6231:Parade of Lost Souls
6182:Festival of the Dead
5774:Stories about ghosts
5598:District of Columbia
5217:at Wikimedia Commons
5164:William Warde Fowler
5150:Salzman, "Religious
4763:New York, Braziller
4681:", 19 November 2010.
4308:Scott, William Henry
3890:. Kyoto University.
3577:on November 21, 2012
3134:The Book of the Dead
3013:improve this section
2904:in Pakistan and the
2848:improve this section
2608:improve this article
2169:indigenous religions
1440:In Egypt, a form of
1350:is venerated by the
1301:Confucian-influenced
1218:improve this article
704:Shamanism in Siberia
551:Edward Burnett Tylor
381:The Elementary Forms
149:Magic (supernatural)
99:Comparative religion
8900:The Indestructibles
8704:Hermes Trismegistus
7390:Symbols and objects
7260:Musawwarat es-Sufra
7162:Kingdom of al-Abwab
6861:Prophecy of Neferti
6374:Category: Halloween
6159:Treehouse of Horror
6055:Prayer for the dead
5843:Kardecist spiritism
5687:Classical antiquity
3736:Roy Richard Grinker
3662:. Alta Mira Press.
3450:Zhong Yuan Festival
3380:Communion of saints
3132:(commonly known as
2928:Marwan Ibn al-Hakam
2728:National Cemeteries
2558:times, in both the
2379:spiritual cockfight
2171:of the precolonial
1929:altar for ancestors
1480:originating in the
1297:Buddhist-influenced
1289:ancestor veneration
1100:continued existence
886:Hindu denominations
827:Ethiopian Orthodoxy
596:The Hibbert Journal
506:Claude LĂ©vi-Strauss
491:Fustel de Coulanges
40:Part of a series on
9113:Books of Breathing
8132:Four sons of Horus
6086:Haunted attraction
5757:Films about ghosts
5741:Spirit photography
5202:2021-04-26 at the
4677:2014-01-07 at the
4530:on 24 October 2020
4465:Philippine History
4441:. Waxmann Verlag.
4433:Imke Rath (2013).
4117:2023-05-06 at the
4012:Early Modern Japan
3969:2021-09-16 at the
3949:2021-09-16 at the
3832:on 27 January 2012
3781:University of Kent
3771:2009-04-25 at the
3505:on October 3, 2015
3303:noble Roman family
3249:
3112:before Wesir (Gr.
2902:National Mausoleum
2776:
2763:from destruction.
2761:Chartres Cathedral
2524:, and in Wales as
2456:
2413:Vietnamese culture
2409:
2401:
2357:In rural northern
2323:"), and sometimes
2276:The predominantly
2162:
2042:Charye (ì°šëĄ, è¶çŠź) â
1931:
1829:
1722:to the ancestors.
1670:
1628:, paper money and
1582:
1518:
1466:Cambodian New Year
1401:
1090:, including one's
940:Non-denominational
852:Oriental Orthodoxy
406:Poles in mythology
139:Laying on of hands
58:
9302:
9301:
9264:Mysteries of Isis
9237:Related religions
9130:Book of the Earth
8774:
8773:
7624:
7623:
7594:Meroitic alphabet
7590:Meroitic language
7585:Egyptian language
7580:Blemmyes language
7118:
7117:
6831:Egyptian religion
6766:
6765:
6746:
6745:
6441:Kongo Catholicism
6381:
6380:
6274:
6273:
6251:Death anniversary
6216:Qingming Festival
5991:Trick-or-treating
5891:
5890:
5665:
5664:
5324:Residual haunting
5289:Haunted locations
5279:Ancestral spirits
5213:Media related to
4882:978-1-68445-013-8
4808:Moore, A.W. (ed)
4795:978-0-631-18946-6
4724:978-0-7083-1953-6
4702:978-1-920901-05-9
4601:ModernFilipina.ph
4321:978-971-550-135-4
4284:978-1-56000-882-8
4235:978-0-8248-2897-4
4157:978-1-4411-1749-6
4057:978-0-520-31608-9
3996:978-81-208-2944-2
3930:978-81-8324-113-7
3753:978-1-55786-686-8
3669:978-0-7591-0615-4
3440:Transfer of merit
3425:Qingming Festival
3385:Death anniversary
3217:Kemetic Orthodoxy
3205:tomb inscriptions
3049:
3048:
3041:
2884:
2883:
2876:
2684:
2683:
2676:
2658:
2500:trick-or-treating
2478:and the enter in
2442:European cultures
2420:death anniversary
2335:Chinese Filipinos
2325:Ăraw ng mga PatĂĄy
1807:Paliya in Gujarat
1580:Burning offerings
1399:reburial ceremony
1250:
1249:
1242:
1084:
1083:
872:Russian Orthodoxy
822:Eastern Orthodoxy
471:Arnold van Gennep
390:Purity and Danger
16:(Redirected from
9372:
9360:Taoist practices
9292:
9291:
9290:
9124:Book of the Dead
8960:Egyptian obelisk
8349:Kothar-wa-Khasis
7797:
7796:
7762:Offering formula
7757:Mortuary temples
7747:Embalming ritual
7729:
7651:
7644:
7637:
7628:
7627:
7614:
7613:
7437:Egyptian obelisk
7290:Temple of Dendur
6941:
6940:
6896:Execration texts
6878:
6800:Kushite religion
6793:
6786:
6779:
6770:
6769:
6756:
6755:
6641:
6640:
6453:
6408:
6401:
6394:
6385:
6384:
6376:
6371:
6370:
6243:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6098:Pumpkin festival
5936:
5927:
5918:
5911:
5904:
5895:
5894:
5881:
5880:
5349:
5348:
5294:Haunted highways
5245:
5238:
5231:
5222:
5221:
5215:Ancestor worship
5212:
5184:
5177:
5171:
5161:
5155:
5148:
5142:
5131:
5125:
5124:
5122:
5121:
5107:
5101:
5100:
5098:
5097:
5082:
5073:
5072:
5070:
5069:
5063:sacred-texts.com
5055:
5044:
5043:
5026:(3/4): 281â300.
5011:
4998:
4997:
4991:
4986:
4984:
4976:
4968:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4915:
4906:
4905:
4903:
4902:
4858:
4852:
4851:
4845:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4825:. Archived from
4819:
4813:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4778:
4772:
4757:
4751:
4740:The Silver Bough
4736:
4727:
4716:
4707:
4706:
4688:
4682:
4668:
4662:
4661:
4655:
4654:
4622:
4616:
4615:
4613:
4612:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4565:
4559:
4558:
4546:
4540:
4539:
4537:
4535:
4520:
4514:
4513:
4497:
4491:
4490:
4488:
4487:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4430:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4420:
4414:
4399:
4390:
4381:
4380:
4378:
4376:
4361:
4355:
4354:
4352:
4350:
4335:
4326:
4325:
4304:
4289:
4288:
4270:
4264:
4263:
4255:History of Burma
4249:
4240:
4239:
4221:
4215:
4214:
4208:
4203:
4201:
4193:
4191:
4190:
4184:
4177:
4168:
4162:
4161:
4143:
4134:
4107:
4101:
4100:
4094:
4090:
4088:
4080:
4078:
4077:
4041:
4035:
4034:
4026:
4020:
4019:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3980:
3974:
3960:
3954:
3941:
3935:
3934:
3912:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3902:
3896:
3881:
3872:
3866:
3865:
3857:
3851:
3848:
3842:
3841:
3839:
3837:
3817:
3811:
3810:
3808:
3806:
3790:
3784:
3775:, Meyer Fortes,
3763:
3757:
3756:
3745:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3680:
3674:
3673:
3655:
3649:
3648:
3612:
3606:
3605:
3604:
3602:
3585:
3579:
3578:
3565:
3559:
3558:
3557:
3556:
3539:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3513:
3507:
3506:
3493:
3487:
3486:
3485:
3484:
3467:
3365:Ancestral tablet
3044:
3037:
3033:
3030:
3024:
2993:
2985:
2973:Ancient cultures
2879:
2872:
2868:
2865:
2859:
2828:
2820:
2753:Colonel Griffith
2679:
2672:
2668:
2665:
2659:
2657:
2616:
2592:
2584:
2496:jack-o'-lanterns
2472:Suffrage Massese
2372:
2317:Todos los Santos
2103:
2102:
2082:Konbaung dynasty
1997:
1996:
1986:
1985:
1974:
1973:
1958:
1957:
1827:, Gujarat, India
1590:buying offerings
1338:peoples and the
1245:
1238:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1202:
1194:
1174:values, such as
1076:
1069:
1062:
817:Coptic Orthodoxy
531:Marshall Sahlins
373:Related articles
37:
36:
21:
9380:
9379:
9375:
9374:
9373:
9371:
9370:
9369:
9335:Confucian rites
9305:
9304:
9303:
9298:
9288:
9286:
9278:
9232:
9189:
9118:Book of Caverns
9094:
8940:Crook and flail
8911:
8904:
8863:
8832:
8770:
8122:Dionysus-Osiris
7918:
7906:
7848:
7786:
7730:
7721:
7660:
7655:
7625:
7620:
7604:
7600:Nubian language
7566:
7417:Crook and flail
7412:Christian cross
7385:
7309:
7196:
7114:
6960:
6930:
6906:Mortuary temple
6879:
6870:
6802:
6797:
6767:
6762:
6742:
6687:
6668:Hot foot powder
6632:
6604:
6575:Kongo cosmogram
6551:
6454:
6445:
6417:
6412:
6382:
6377:
6366:
6360:
6291:All Saints' Day
6270:
6241:
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6166:
6109:
6069:
6033:Jack-o'-lantern
5979:
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5892:
5887:
5869:
5816:
5806:Booty v Barnaby
5793:
5750:Popular culture
5745:
5691:
5661:
5640:
5624:
5581:Day of the Dead
5529:
5520:Slavic religion
5481:
5370:
5344:
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5267:
5258:
5249:
5204:Wayback Machine
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5012:
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4989:
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4978:
4977:
4971:Sarlo, Daniel.
4969:
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4953:
4951:
4930:(1/2): 71â111.
4916:
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4823:"Archived copy"
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4679:Wayback Machine
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3773:Wayback Machine
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2717:Catholic Church
2709:Day of the Dead
2680:
2669:
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2617:
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2605:
2593:
2582:
2541:
2508:
2464:All Saints' Day
2462:), November 1 (
2454:in rural Spain.
2444:
2393:
2387:
2355:
2347:
2139:
2127:Main articles:
2125:
2067:
2048:Korean New Year
2033:Catholic Church
1937:
1917:
1908:
1880:
1868:
1809:
1789:
1783:
1765:
1759:
1653:
1639:
1602:Ghost Festivals
1574:
1555:(1045â256
1524:
1494:
1462:
1456:
1451:
1438:
1390:
1366:
1360:
1327:
1315:human evolution
1246:
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1203:
1192:
1116:Anglican Church
1112:Catholic Church
1080:
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832:Greek Orthodoxy
812:Catholic Church
628:
627:
616:
615:
576:
575:
566:
565:
541:Stanley Tambiah
496:Clifford Geertz
451:Joseph Campbell
436:Augustin Calmet
431:
430:
429:Major theorists
421:
420:
396:Myth and ritual
382:
375:
374:
365:
364:
270:
254:
253:
244:
243:
194:Sacred language
184:Rite of passage
109:Divine language
74:
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64:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9378:
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9350:Kongo religion
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8319:Khenti-Amentiu
8316:
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8107:Cavern deities
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7679:
7677:Creation myths
7674:
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7368:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7351:Nile crocodile
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7317:
7315:
7314:Sacred animals
7311:
7310:
7308:
7307:
7302:
7297:
7292:
7287:
7285:Temple of Amun
7282:
7277:
7272:
7267:
7262:
7257:
7252:
7247:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7230:Dodekaschoinos
7227:
7225:Deir el-Bahari
7222:
7217:
7212:
7206:
7204:
7198:
7197:
7195:
7194:
7189:
7184:
7179:
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6868:
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6858:
6853:
6848:
6843:
6838:
6833:
6828:
6826:Creation myths
6823:
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6804:
6803:
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6655:
6653:Black cat bone
6649:
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6625:
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6614:
6612:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6597:
6592:
6587:
6585:Nature spirits
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6419:
6418:
6415:Kongo religion
6411:
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6403:
6396:
6388:
6379:
6378:
6365:
6362:
6361:
6359:
6358:
6353:
6348:
6343:
6338:
6336:Mischief Night
6333:
6328:
6323:
6318:
6316:Eid il-Burbara
6313:
6308:
6303:
6298:
6296:All Souls' Day
6293:
6288:
6282:
6280:
6276:
6275:
6272:
6271:
6269:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
6247:
6245:
6237:
6236:
6234:
6233:
6228:
6226:ZhĆng yuĂĄn jiĂ©
6223:
6218:
6213:
6208:
6203:
6201:DĂa de Muertos
6198:
6193:
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6174:
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6110:
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6105:
6095:
6094:
6093:
6083:
6077:
6075:
6071:
6070:
6068:
6067:
6065:Pangangaluluwa
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6046:
6045:
6040:
6030:
6028:Halloween Tree
6025:
6020:
6019:
6018:
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6003:
5998:
5993:
5987:
5985:
5981:
5980:
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5957:
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5920:
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5906:
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5889:
5888:
5886:
5885:
5874:
5871:
5870:
5868:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5850:The Ghost Club
5847:
5846:
5845:
5835:
5830:
5828:Fear of ghosts
5824:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5815:
5814:
5809:
5801:
5799:
5795:
5794:
5792:
5791:
5786:
5781:
5776:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5764:
5753:
5751:
5747:
5746:
5744:
5743:
5738:
5737:
5736:
5726:
5721:
5720:
5719:
5707:
5701:
5699:
5697:Parapsychology
5693:
5692:
5690:
5689:
5684:
5679:
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5610:
5605:
5600:
5595:
5585:
5584:
5583:
5578:
5568:
5567:
5566:
5564:Ghost sickness
5561:
5553:
5552:
5551:
5543:
5537:
5535:
5531:
5530:
5528:
5527:
5522:
5517:
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5515:
5507:
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5500:
5489:
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5482:
5480:
5479:
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5462:
5457:
5452:
5451:
5450:
5445:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5418:
5416:Ghost Festival
5413:
5412:
5411:
5401:
5400:
5399:
5394:
5384:
5378:
5376:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5368:
5363:South Africa (
5361:
5355:
5353:
5346:
5340:
5339:
5337:
5336:
5331:
5329:Vengeful ghost
5326:
5321:
5316:
5311:
5306:
5304:Haunted trains
5301:
5296:
5291:
5286:
5281:
5275:
5273:
5272:Manifestations
5269:
5268:
5265:List of ghosts
5263:
5260:
5259:
5248:
5247:
5240:
5233:
5225:
5219:
5218:
5206:
5192:
5191:External links
5189:
5186:
5185:
5172:
5156:
5143:
5126:
5102:
5074:
5045:
4999:
4990:|journal=
4960:
4907:
4881:
4853:
4814:
4801:
4794:
4782:Hutton, Ronald
4773:
4752:
4728:
4708:
4701:
4683:
4670:Marti Patel, "
4663:
4642:978-1136501883
4641:
4617:
4587:
4581:978-0521646222
4580:
4560:
4541:
4515:
4492:
4475:978-9712339349
4474:
4454:
4448:978-3830979296
4447:
4425:
4408:(2): 144â156.
4382:
4356:
4327:
4320:
4290:
4283:
4265:
4241:
4234:
4216:
4207:|journal=
4163:
4156:
4135:
4102:
4056:
4036:
4021:
4002:
3995:
3975:
3955:
3936:
3929:
3907:
3867:
3852:
3843:
3826:New York Times
3812:
3785:
3758:
3752:
3722:
3695:(6): 754â770.
3675:
3668:
3650:
3623:(4): 307â317.
3607:
3580:
3560:
3534:
3508:
3488:
3461:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3286:, abbreviated
3233:
3230:
3224:
3221:
3130:Papyrus of Ani
3051:Main article:
3047:
3046:
2997:
2995:
2988:
2982:
2979:
2974:
2971:
2946:
2943:
2886:Main article:
2882:
2881:
2832:
2830:
2823:
2817:
2814:
2810:Pueblo Indians
2794:and archived.
2740:American flags
2705:All Souls' Day
2682:
2681:
2596:
2594:
2587:
2581:
2578:
2560:Celtic nations
2540:
2537:
2507:
2504:
2443:
2440:
2386:
2383:
2354:
2351:
2346:
2343:
2329:All Souls' Day
2278:Roman Catholic
2124:
2121:
2066:
2063:
2062:
2061:
2058:
2055:
1916:
1913:
1911:or cremation.
1907:
1904:
1879:
1876:
1867:
1864:
1848:Hindu calendar
1808:
1805:
1799:(IVC) site in
1785:Main article:
1782:
1779:
1761:Main article:
1758:
1755:
1700:Hindu calendar
1638:
1635:
1573:
1570:
1566:poe divination
1520:Main article:
1493:
1490:
1455:
1452:
1450:
1449:Asian cultures
1447:
1437:
1434:
1389:
1386:
1370:Seereer people
1362:Main article:
1359:
1356:
1344:Serer religion
1326:
1323:
1319:group cohesion
1248:
1247:
1206:
1204:
1197:
1191:
1188:
1180:family lineage
1163:Afro-diasporic
1128:departed souls
1082:
1081:
1079:
1078:
1071:
1064:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1042:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1012:
1011:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
975:
974:
968:
967:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
921:
920:
914:
913:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
882:
881:
875:
874:
869:
864:
859:
857:Pentecostalism
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
783:
782:
776:
775:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
729:
728:
722:
721:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
640:
639:
637:folk religions
629:
623:
622:
621:
618:
617:
614:
613:
606:
599:
592:
585:
577:
573:
572:
571:
568:
567:
564:
563:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
461:Ămile Durkheim
458:
453:
448:
443:
441:Akbar S. Ahmed
438:
432:
428:
427:
426:
423:
422:
419:
418:
416:Elite religion
413:
411:Lived religion
408:
403:
398:
393:
386:
376:
372:
371:
370:
367:
366:
363:
362:
357:
352:
346:
345:
341:
340:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
284:
283:
279:
278:
273:
266:
260:
259:
255:
251:
250:
249:
246:
245:
242:
241:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
75:
72:Basic concepts
71:
70:
69:
66:
65:
60:Shrine of St.
59:
49:
48:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9377:
9366:
9363:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9353:
9351:
9348:
9346:
9343:
9341:
9340:Death customs
9338:
9336:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9326:
9323:
9321:
9318:
9316:
9313:
9312:
9310:
9295:
9285:
9284:
9281:
9275:
9272:
9270:
9269:Temple of Set
9267:
9265:
9262:
9260:
9257:
9255:
9252:
9250:
9247:
9245:
9242:
9241:
9239:
9235:
9229:
9226:
9224:
9223:Opet Festival
9221:
9219:
9216:
9214:
9211:
9209:
9206:
9204:
9201:
9200:
9198:
9196:
9192:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9180:Pyramid Texts
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9135:Book of Gates
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9125:
9121:
9119:
9116:
9114:
9111:
9109:
9106:
9105:
9103:
9101:
9097:
9091:
9088:
9086:
9083:
9081:
9080:Vulture crown
9078:
9076:
9073:
9071:
9068:
9066:
9063:
9061:
9058:
9056:
9053:
9051:
9048:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9026:
9023:
9021:
9018:
9016:
9013:
9011:
9008:
9006:
9003:
9001:
8998:
8996:
8993:
8991:
8988:
8986:
8983:
8981:
8978:
8976:
8973:
8971:
8968:
8966:
8965:Egyptian pool
8963:
8961:
8958:
8956:
8953:
8951:
8948:
8946:
8943:
8941:
8938:
8936:
8933:
8931:
8928:
8926:
8923:
8921:
8918:
8917:
8915:
8913:
8907:
8901:
8898:
8896:
8893:
8891:
8888:
8886:
8883:
8881:
8878:
8876:
8873:
8872:
8870:
8866:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8850:
8847:
8845:
8842:
8841:
8839:
8835:
8829:
8826:
8824:
8821:
8819:
8816:
8814:
8811:
8809:
8806:
8804:
8803:Hieracosphinx
8801:
8799:
8796:
8794:
8791:
8789:
8786:
8785:
8783:
8781:
8777:
8767:
8764:
8762:
8759:
8757:
8754:
8752:
8749:
8747:
8744:
8742:
8739:
8737:
8734:
8732:
8729:
8727:
8724:
8722:
8719:
8717:
8714:
8712:
8709:
8705:
8702:
8701:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8670:
8667:
8665:
8662:
8660:
8657:
8655:
8652:
8650:
8647:
8645:
8642:
8640:
8637:
8635:
8632:
8630:
8627:
8625:
8622:
8620:
8617:
8615:
8612:
8610:
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8569:Renpetneferet
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8525:
8522:
8520:
8517:
8515:
8512:
8510:
8507:
8505:
8502:
8500:
8497:
8495:
8492:
8490:
8487:
8485:
8482:
8480:
8477:
8475:
8472:
8470:
8467:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8425:
8422:
8420:
8417:
8415:
8412:
8410:
8407:
8405:
8402:
8400:
8397:
8395:
8392:
8390:
8387:
8385:
8382:
8380:
8377:
8375:
8372:
8370:
8367:
8365:
8362:
8360:
8357:
8355:
8352:
8350:
8347:
8345:
8342:
8340:
8337:
8335:
8332:
8330:
8327:
8325:
8322:
8320:
8317:
8315:
8312:
8310:
8307:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8292:
8290:
8287:
8285:
8282:
8280:
8277:
8275:
8272:
8270:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8260:
8257:
8255:
8252:
8250:
8247:
8245:
8242:
8240:
8237:
8233:
8230:
8229:
8228:
8225:
8223:
8220:
8218:
8215:
8213:
8210:
8208:
8205:
8203:
8200:
8198:
8195:
8193:
8190:
8188:
8185:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8123:
8120:
8118:
8115:
8113:
8110:
8108:
8105:
8103:
8100:
8098:
8095:
8093:
8090:
8088:
8085:
8083:
8080:
8078:
8075:
8073:
8070:
8068:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8033:
8030:
8028:
8025:
8023:
8020:
8018:
8015:
8013:
8010:
8008:
8005:
8003:
8000:
7998:
7995:
7993:
7990:
7988:
7985:
7983:
7980:
7978:
7975:
7973:
7970:
7968:
7965:
7963:
7960:
7958:
7955:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7943:
7940:
7938:
7935:
7933:
7930:
7928:
7925:
7924:
7921:
7917:
7913:
7909:
7903:
7900:
7898:
7895:
7893:
7890:
7888:
7885:
7883:
7880:
7878:
7875:
7873:
7870:
7868:
7865:
7863:
7860:
7859:
7857:
7855:
7851:
7845:
7842:
7840:
7837:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7806:
7804:
7802:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7789:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7739:
7737:
7733:
7728:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7667:
7663:
7659:
7652:
7647:
7645:
7640:
7638:
7633:
7632:
7629:
7619:
7618:
7607:
7601:
7598:
7595:
7591:
7588:
7586:
7583:
7581:
7578:
7577:
7575:
7573:
7569:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7557:Vulture crown
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7503:
7500:
7498:
7495:
7493:
7490:
7488:
7485:
7483:
7480:
7478:
7475:
7473:
7470:
7468:
7465:
7463:
7460:
7458:
7455:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7442:Egyptian pool
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7394:
7392:
7388:
7382:
7379:
7377:
7374:
7372:
7369:
7367:
7364:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7341:Hieracosphinx
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7318:
7316:
7312:
7306:
7303:
7301:
7298:
7296:
7295:Temple of Mut
7293:
7291:
7288:
7286:
7283:
7281:
7278:
7276:
7273:
7271:
7268:
7266:
7263:
7261:
7258:
7256:
7253:
7251:
7248:
7246:
7243:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7207:
7205:
7203:
7199:
7193:
7190:
7188:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7138:
7135:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7127:
7125:
7121:
7111:
7108:
7106:
7103:
7101:
7098:
7096:
7093:
7091:
7088:
7086:
7083:
7081:
7078:
7075:
7073:
7070:
7068:
7065:
7063:
7060:
7057:
7054:
7052:
7049:
7047:
7044:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7003:
7001:
6998:
6995:
6993:
6990:
6988:
6985:
6983:
6980:
6977:
6975:
6972:
6970:
6967:
6966:
6963:
6957:
6954:
6952:
6949:
6948:
6946:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6933:
6927:
6924:
6922:
6919:
6917:
6914:
6912:
6909:
6907:
6904:
6902:
6899:
6897:
6894:
6892:
6889:
6888:
6886:
6882:
6877:
6867:
6864:
6862:
6859:
6857:
6854:
6852:
6849:
6847:
6844:
6842:
6839:
6837:
6834:
6832:
6829:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6813:
6811:
6809:
6805:
6801:
6794:
6789:
6787:
6782:
6780:
6775:
6774:
6771:
6761:
6760:
6749:
6739:
6736:
6733:
6729:
6725:
6722:
6720:
6717:
6715:
6712:
6710:
6707:
6704:
6700:
6697:
6696:
6694:
6690:
6684:
6681:
6679:
6676:
6674:
6671:
6669:
6666:
6664:
6661:
6659:
6656:
6654:
6651:
6650:
6648:
6646:
6642:
6639:
6635:
6629:
6626:
6624:
6621:
6619:
6616:
6615:
6613:
6611:
6607:
6601:
6598:
6596:
6593:
6591:
6588:
6586:
6583:
6581:
6578:
6576:
6573:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6562:
6560:
6558:
6554:
6548:
6545:
6542:
6539:
6537:
6534:
6532:
6531:Nzambi Mpungu
6529:
6526:
6523:
6520:
6517:
6514:
6511:
6508:
6506:
6503:
6500:
6497:
6494:
6491:
6488:
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6474:
6471:
6469:
6466:
6465:
6463:
6461:
6457:
6452:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6428:
6426:
6424:
6420:
6416:
6409:
6404:
6402:
6397:
6395:
6390:
6389:
6386:
6375:
6363:
6357:
6354:
6352:
6349:
6347:
6346:Old Halloween
6344:
6342:
6339:
6337:
6334:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6324:
6322:
6319:
6317:
6314:
6312:
6309:
6307:
6306:Devil's Night
6304:
6302:
6301:Beggars Night
6299:
6297:
6294:
6292:
6289:
6287:
6284:
6283:
6281:
6277:
6267:
6264:
6262:
6259:
6257:
6256:Death customs
6254:
6252:
6249:
6248:
6246:
6244:
6238:
6232:
6229:
6227:
6224:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6188:
6186:
6184:
6178:
6175:
6169:
6161:
6160:
6156:
6154:
6153:Great Pumpkin
6151:
6150:
6149:
6146:
6142:
6139:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6132:
6129:
6127:
6124:
6122:
6119:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6104:
6103:Pumpkin Queen
6101:
6100:
6099:
6096:
6092:
6089:
6088:
6087:
6084:
6082:
6079:
6078:
6076:
6072:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6035:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6026:
6024:
6021:
6017:
6014:
6013:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6002:
6001:Apple bobbing
5999:
5997:
5994:
5992:
5989:
5988:
5986:
5982:
5976:
5973:
5971:
5968:
5966:
5963:
5961:
5958:
5954:
5953:Allhallowtide
5951:
5949:
5946:
5945:
5944:
5941:
5940:
5938:
5932:
5928:
5919:
5914:
5912:
5907:
5905:
5900:
5899:
5896:
5884:
5876:
5875:
5872:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5844:
5841:
5840:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5833:Spectrophilia
5831:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5823:
5819:
5813:
5810:
5808:
5807:
5803:
5802:
5800:
5796:
5790:
5787:
5785:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5775:
5772:
5768:
5765:
5763:
5760:
5759:
5758:
5755:
5754:
5752:
5748:
5742:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5727:
5725:
5724:Ghost hunting
5722:
5718:
5717:
5713:
5712:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5702:
5700:
5698:
5694:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5678:
5675:
5674:
5672:
5668:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5649:
5647:
5643:
5637:
5634:
5633:
5631:
5629:South America
5627:
5619:
5618:San Francisco
5616:
5614:
5611:
5609:
5606:
5604:
5601:
5599:
5596:
5594:
5591:
5590:
5589:
5588:United States
5586:
5582:
5579:
5577:
5574:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5554:
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5547:
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5544:
5542:
5539:
5538:
5536:
5534:North America
5532:
5526:
5523:
5521:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5508:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5495:
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5491:
5490:
5488:
5484:
5478:
5475:
5471:
5468:
5467:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5458:
5456:
5453:
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5444:
5441:
5440:
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5432:
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5424:
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5417:
5414:
5410:
5407:
5406:
5405:
5402:
5398:
5395:
5393:
5390:
5389:
5388:
5385:
5383:
5380:
5379:
5377:
5373:
5366:
5362:
5360:
5359:Madam Koi Koi
5357:
5356:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5341:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5327:
5325:
5322:
5320:
5317:
5315:
5312:
5310:
5309:Haunted ships
5307:
5305:
5302:
5300:
5299:Haunted house
5297:
5295:
5292:
5290:
5287:
5285:
5282:
5280:
5277:
5276:
5274:
5270:
5266:
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5257:
5253:
5246:
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5239:
5234:
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5211:
5207:
5205:
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5198:
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5194:
5182:
5176:
5169:
5165:
5160:
5153:
5147:
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5136:
5130:
5116:
5112:
5106:
5092:
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5064:
5060:
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5050:
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5033:
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5017:
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4896:
4892:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4874:
4870:
4866:
4865:
4857:
4849:
4843:
4829:on 2015-07-21
4828:
4824:
4818:
4811:
4805:
4797:
4791:
4787:
4783:
4777:
4770:
4769:0-8076-1136-0
4766:
4762:
4756:
4749:
4748:0-948474-04-1
4745:
4741:
4735:
4733:
4725:
4721:
4715:
4713:
4704:
4698:
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4687:
4680:
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4673:
4667:
4659:
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4638:
4634:
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4621:
4606:
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4583:
4577:
4573:
4572:
4564:
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4552:
4545:
4529:
4525:
4519:
4512:(2): 235â493.
4511:
4507:
4503:
4496:
4481:
4477:
4471:
4467:
4466:
4458:
4450:
4444:
4440:
4436:
4429:
4411:
4407:
4403:
4402:Asian Studies
4396:
4389:
4387:
4370:
4366:
4360:
4344:
4340:
4334:
4332:
4323:
4317:
4313:
4309:
4303:
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4299:
4297:
4295:
4286:
4280:
4276:
4269:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4248:
4246:
4237:
4231:
4227:
4220:
4212:
4199:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4159:
4153:
4149:
4142:
4140:
4132:
4131:0-8047-2158-0
4128:
4124:
4120:
4116:
4113:
4112:
4106:
4098:
4086:
4071:
4067:
4066:j.ctvr7fdd1.8
4063:
4059:
4053:
4049:
4048:
4040:
4032:
4025:
4017:
4013:
4006:
3998:
3992:
3988:
3987:
3979:
3972:
3968:
3965:
3959:
3952:
3948:
3945:
3940:
3932:
3926:
3922:
3918:
3911:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3878:
3871:
3863:
3856:
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3827:
3823:
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3800:
3796:
3789:
3782:
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3774:
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3762:
3755:
3749:
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3743:
3737:
3733:
3726:
3718:
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3698:
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3679:
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3654:
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3638:
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3622:
3618:
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3500:
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3492:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3466:
3462:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3435:Suffrage Mass
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3400:Haus Tambaran
3398:
3396:
3395:Funerary cult
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3343:
3336:
3334:
3330:
3329:funeral masks
3326:
3322:
3318:
3316:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3299:
3297:
3293:
3289:
3285:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3254:
3247:
3243:
3238:
3229:
3220:
3218:
3213:
3211:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3194:
3193:ancient Egypt
3190:
3185:
3183:
3178:
3174:
3170:
3166:
3162:
3158:
3154:
3150:
3145:
3143:
3139:
3138:Pyramid Texts
3135:
3131:
3127:
3123:
3119:
3115:
3111:
3107:
3106:
3101:
3097:
3092:
3090:
3086:
3082:
3081:
3076:
3075:
3070:
3066:
3064:
3063:vale of tears
3060:
3054:
3043:
3040:
3032:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3008:
3007:
3003:
2998:This section
2996:
2992:
2987:
2986:
2981:Ancient Egypt
2978:
2970:
2966:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2951:
2942:
2939:
2937:
2933:
2929:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2918:Islamic State
2915:
2911:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2878:
2875:
2867:
2857:
2853:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2838:
2833:This section
2831:
2827:
2822:
2821:
2813:
2811:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2795:
2793:
2789:
2783:
2781:
2773:
2772:Tequisquiapan
2768:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2754:
2750:
2746:
2741:
2737:
2733:
2729:
2725:
2720:
2718:
2714:
2710:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2694:
2690:
2678:
2675:
2667:
2656:
2653:
2649:
2646:
2642:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2625: â
2624:
2620:
2619:Find sources:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2597:This section
2595:
2591:
2586:
2585:
2580:North America
2577:
2575:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2548:
2547:
2536:
2534:
2530:
2528:
2523:
2522:
2517:
2513:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2493:
2489:
2485:
2484:ghost stories
2481:
2477:
2473:
2469:
2468:All Souls Day
2465:
2461:
2453:
2448:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2425:
2421:
2416:
2414:
2405:
2397:
2392:
2382:
2380:
2376:
2375:cock fighting
2368:
2364:
2360:
2350:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2318:
2314:
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2307:
2303:
2299:
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2284:
2279:
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2268:
2264:
2260:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2219:
2217:
2213:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2198:
2196:
2192:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2170:
2167:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2138:
2134:
2130:
2120:
2118:
2114:
2111:doctrines of
2110:
2105:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2087:
2083:
2078:
2076:
2072:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2045:
2041:
2040:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2029:
2027:
2023:
2019:
2018:Neo-Confucian
2015:
2013:
2008:
2006:
2001:
1995:
1992:
1980:
1979:
1971:
1968:
1962:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1942:
1936:
1928:
1927:
1921:
1912:
1903:
1901:
1897:
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1857:
1853:
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1836:
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1826:
1822:
1818:
1813:
1804:
1802:
1798:
1794:
1788:
1778:
1775:
1770:
1769:Ahom religion
1764:
1763:Me-Dam-Me-Phi
1754:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
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1663:
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1657:
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1634:
1631:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1618:refrigerators
1615:
1611:
1607:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
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1569:
1567:
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1283:
1279:
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1266:
1264:
1259:
1255:
1244:
1241:
1233:
1230:December 2023
1223:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1207:This section
1205:
1201:
1196:
1195:
1187:
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1177:
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1000:
997:
995:
992:
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987:
985:
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977:
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969:
966:
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953:
951:
948:
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933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
922:
919:
916:
915:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
883:
880:
877:
876:
873:
870:
868:
865:
863:
862:Protestantism
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
781:
778:
777:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
727:
724:
723:
720:
717:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
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672:
670:
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665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
641:
638:
634:
631:
630:
626:
620:
619:
612:
611:
607:
605:
604:
600:
598:
597:
593:
591:
590:
586:
584:
583:
579:
578:
570:
569:
562:
559:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
546:Victor Turner
544:
542:
539:
537:
536:Melford Spiro
534:
532:
529:
527:
524:
522:
521:Roy Rappaport
519:
517:
516:Steven Ozment
514:
512:
511:Robert Marett
509:
507:
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
466:Mircea Eliade
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
433:
425:
424:
417:
414:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
391:
387:
385:
384:
378:
377:
369:
368:
361:
360:Handsome Lake
358:
356:
353:
351:
348:
347:
343:
342:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
285:
281:
280:
277:
274:
272:
267:
265:
262:
261:
257:
256:
248:
247:
240:
237:
235:
232:
230:
227:
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220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
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185:
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180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
76:
68:
67:
63:
55:
51:
50:
47:
44:
43:
39:
38:
33:
19:
9345:Filial piety
9315:Anthropology
9228:Sed festival
9218:Min festival
9208:Cattle count
9175:Litany of Re
9150:Coffin Texts
9122:
9065:Solar barque
9005:Imiut fetish
9000:Hypocephalus
8985:Hemhem crown
8970:Eye of Horus
8895:Land of Manu
8849:Djadjaemankh
8730:
8720:
8673:
8583:
8533:
8513:
8488:
8444:Nebethetepet
8438:
8353:
8324:Khenti-kheti
8303:
8243:
8146:
8142:Gate deities
8136:
8126:
8111:
8101:
8051:
7926:
7916:Theban Triad
7781:
7742:Canopic jars
7615:
7542:Solar barque
7492:Imiut fetish
7487:Hypocephalus
7472:Hemhem crown
7447:Eye of Horus
7326:Barbary lion
7245:Jebel Barkal
7104:
7099:
7089:
7084:
7079:
7050:
7045:
7030:
7020:
7007:
6968:
6925:
6821:Christianity
6757:
6738:Maria Lionza
6570:Kalunga line
6564:
6351:Punkie Night
6279:Other events
6240:
6221:Totensonntag
6211:Pitru Paksha
6191:Bon Festival
6157:
5838:Spiritualism
5804:
5714:
5677:Mesopotamian
5613:Pennsylvania
5343:By continent
5314:Hungry ghost
5284:Ghost lights
5278:
5180:
5175:
5167:
5159:
5151:
5146:
5138:
5134:
5129:
5118:. Retrieved
5114:
5105:
5094:. Retrieved
5090:
5066:. Retrieved
5062:
5023:
5019:
4981:cite journal
4952:. Retrieved
4927:
4923:
4899:. Retrieved
4863:
4856:
4831:. Retrieved
4827:the original
4817:
4809:
4804:
4785:
4776:
4760:
4755:
4739:
4692:
4686:
4666:
4658:Google Books
4656:– via
4651:. Retrieved
4627:
4620:
4609:. Retrieved
4600:
4590:
4570:
4563:
4554:
4550:
4544:
4532:. Retrieved
4528:the original
4518:
4509:
4505:
4495:
4484:. Retrieved
4464:
4457:
4438:
4428:
4417:. Retrieved
4405:
4401:
4373:. Retrieved
4359:
4347:. Retrieved
4311:
4274:
4268:
4254:
4225:
4219:
4198:cite journal
4187:. Retrieved
4166:
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4110:
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4074:. Retrieved
4046:
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4011:
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3985:
3978:
3958:
3939:
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3887:
3883:
3870:
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3834:. Retrieved
3830:the original
3825:
3815:
3803:. Retrieved
3788:
3776:
3761:
3741:
3725:
3692:
3688:
3678:
3659:
3653:
3620:
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3610:
3599:, retrieved
3589:
3583:
3575:the original
3569:
3563:
3553:, retrieved
3543:
3537:
3527:, retrieved
3517:
3511:
3503:the original
3497:
3491:
3481:, retrieved
3471:
3465:
3420:Bon Festival
3390:Funerary art
3312:
3306:
3300:
3287:
3283:
3256:
3232:Ancient Rome
3226:
3214:
3209:
3196:
3188:
3186:
3181:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3152:
3148:
3146:
3141:
3125:
3117:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3093:
3084:
3078:
3072:
3067:
3056:
3035:
3026:
3011:Please help
2999:
2976:
2967:
2962:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2948:
2940:
2922:
2914:Saudi Arabia
2891:
2870:
2861:
2846:Please help
2834:
2806:
2796:
2784:
2777:
2724:Memorial Day
2721:
2689:Memorial Day
2685:
2670:
2664:January 2020
2661:
2651:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2618:
2606:Please help
2601:verification
2598:
2571:
2544:
2542:
2525:
2519:
2509:
2457:
2436:
2432:
2417:
2410:
2362:
2356:
2348:
2333:
2324:
2319:(literally "
2316:
2312:
2311:or possibly
2308:
2301:
2295:
2290:
2275:
2270:
2266:
2258:
2250:
2242:
2230:
2227:Cordillerans
2222:
2220:
2211:
2207:
2201:
2199:
2191:spirit world
2186:
2181:) with whom
2176:
2163:
2155:
2149:
2106:
2089:
2079:
2068:
2037:
2030:
2025:
2010:
2003:
1999:
1976:
1944:
1938:
1924:
1909:
1881:
1869:
1860:earthen lamp
1832:
1830:
1816:
1790:
1766:
1724:
1719:
1695:
1687:
1681:
1677:
1671:
1666:Pitru Paksha
1659:
1583:
1560:
1553:Zhou dynasty
1547:
1542:
1534:
1525:
1516:, and others
1463:
1439:
1436:North Africa
1422:
1412:
1408:
1402:
1381:
1367:
1352:Serer people
1328:
1311:
1304:
1288:
1286:
1281:
1269:
1267:
1263:filial piety
1251:
1236:
1227:
1216:Please help
1211:verification
1208:
1176:filial piety
1144:
1087:
1085:
979:Conservative
847:Nestorianism
780:Christianity
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
526:Saba Mahmood
501:Robin Horton
486:James Frazer
456:Mary Douglas
388:
379:
276:Neo-Paganism
252:Case studies
238:
219:Superstition
214:Soul dualism
124:Great Spirit
9254:Hermeticism
9085:Was-sceptre
8912:and objects
8389:Mehet-Weret
8232:Harpocrates
8062:Banebdjedet
8027:Arensnuphis
7707:Osiris myth
7562:Was-sceptre
7240:Elephantine
7000:Arensnuphis
6951:Elephantine
6714:Espiritismo
6658:Goofer dust
6543:Phulu Bunzi
6509:Mbantilanda
6505:Mamba Muntu
6431:Antonianism
6038:Stingy Jack
6023:Ghost tours
5935:Main topics
5798:Court cases
5345:and culture
5319:Poltergeist
4891:j.ctv9b2xgt
4557:(1): 83â95.
4093:|work=
3284:Dis Manibus
3242:sarcophagus
3029:August 2020
2963:yichus ovus
2959:zechut avot
2864:August 2020
2797:Members of
2770:Ofrenda in
2568:Isle of Man
2531:Modern-day
2527:Calan Gaeaf
2235:Maguindanao
2195:reincarnate
2173:Philippines
2123:Philippines
2101:áá±ááááșáá±áŹááș
2022:anniversary
1963::
1953::
1774:Ahom people
1500:Burning of
1332:Igbo people
906:Vaishnavism
837:Lutheranism
792:Anglicanism
476:René Girard
355:Ghost Dance
234:Transtheism
204:Sacred site
164:Nympholepsy
9309:Categories
9249:Gnosticism
9090:Winged sun
8935:Corn mummy
8837:Characters
8761:Werethekau
8599:Sebiumeker
8409:Meretseger
8274:Ikhemu-sek
8212:Hermanubis
7712:Philosophy
7702:Numerology
7270:Qasr Ibrim
6911:Pilgrimage
6856:Philosophy
6683:Ring shout
6521:Moni-Mambu
6486:Kuitikuiti
6321:Hop-tu-Naa
6148:Television
6091:Hell house
5984:Traditions
5965:Activities
5734:Mediumship
5652:Polynesian
5593:California
5545:Caribbean
5477:Vietnamese
5154:," p. 115.
5120:2024-03-18
5096:2024-03-18
5068:2024-03-19
4954:2020-10-03
4901:2020-10-09
4833:2009-12-31
4653:2019-08-20
4611:2022-06-08
4486:2020-09-06
4419:2018-05-12
4189:2012-02-24
4076:2020-10-03
3917:"Mahalaya"
3901:2019-04-20
3836:13 January
3601:3 November
3590:veneration
3570:veneration
3555:2015-11-03
3529:2015-11-03
3483:2015-11-03
3457:References
3267:Parentalia
3251:See also:
3136:) and the
3098:became an
2924:Imam Ahmad
2749:World Wars
2736:Gettysburg
2634:newspapers
2573:Hop-tu-Naa
2521:Kalan Gwav
2494:, carving
2490:, wearing
2424:hell notes
2391:NhĂ thá» há»
2389:See also:
2321:All Saints
2283:sampaguita
2247:Sama-Bajau
2245:among the
2233:among the
2225:among the
2216:psychopomp
2154:depicting
1933:See also:
1896:Minahasans
1888:Toba Batak
1846:months of
1844:Bhadrapada
1793:Rakhigarhi
1787:Rakhigarhi
1708:Durga Puja
1641:See also:
1482:Pali Canon
1458:See also:
1414:famadihana
1405:Madagascar
1397:Famadihana
1388:Madagascar
1374:A Æat Roog
1306:veneration
1295:and other
1167:veneration
1028:ĆvetÄmbara
664:Böö mörgöl
446:Talal Asad
350:Cargo cult
179:Polytheism
174:Pilgrimage
159:Monotheism
144:Liminality
134:Initiation
129:Henotheism
104:Divination
94:Communitas
9195:Festivals
9060:Shen ring
9040:Ouroboros
8975:Eye of Ra
8930:Cartouche
8868:Locations
8813:Serpopard
8780:Creatures
8711:Tjenenyet
8694:Ta-Bitjet
8639:Shesmetet
8559:Renenutet
8544:Raet-Tawy
8464:Nehmetawy
8414:Meskhenet
8182:Hedjhotep
8037:Assessors
7735:Practices
7697:Mythology
7692:Maa Kheru
7672:Afterlife
7572:Languages
7537:Shen ring
7452:Eye of Ra
7407:Cartouche
7366:Serpopard
7202:Locations
7095:Sabomakal
6884:Practices
6851:Mythology
6836:Eye of Ra
6816:Afterlife
6699:Candomblé
6692:Religions
6489:Lubangala
6423:Religions
6286:Allantide
6206:Gai Jatra
6060:Soul cake
5970:Geography
5926:Halloween
5779:Halloween
5767:Indonesia
5576:locations
5513:locations
5470:locations
5443:locations
5426:locations
5409:locations
5392:locations
5365:locations
5256:ghostlore
5091:Torah.org
5032:0021-6704
4936:0894-6019
4633:Routledge
4095:ignored (
4085:cite book
3805:24 August
3717:145808393
3709:1469-1825
3645:146979343
3637:2153-599X
3445:Ullambana
3430:Shamanism
3321:portraits
3208:familial
3157:maâa heru
3000:does not
2910:Wahhabism
2906:Taj Mahal
2835:does not
2732:Arlington
2701:Candlemas
2697:Christmas
2533:Halloween
2476:Purgatory
2450:A scenic
2430:is made.
2428:Wind tomb
2363:Faun Phii
2345:Sri Lanka
2298:Aglipayan
2263:Bicolanos
2166:animistic
2071:Bo Bo Gyi
2044:tea rites
1923:A Korean
1878:Indonesia
1872:Buta Kola
1743:Indonesia
1735:Singapore
1704:Navaratri
1572:Offerings
1460:Pchum Ben
1184:religious
1132:Purgatory
1118:venerate
1092:ancestors
1023:Digambara
965:YazdĂąnism
945:Quranists
925:Ahmadiyya
911:Ayyavazhi
842:Methodism
807:Calvinism
787:Adventism
768:Vajrayana
753:Theravada
743:Pure Land
625:Religions
298:Bobohizan
209:Shamanism
119:Fetishism
79:Afterlife
9259:Kemetism
9100:Writings
9010:Khepresh
8854:Rededjet
8756:Wepwawet
8741:Wadj-wer
8459:Nehebkau
8454:Nefertem
8374:Mandulis
8309:Kebechet
8299:Iusaaset
8217:Heryshaf
8167:Hatmehit
8002:Apedemak
7877:Nephthys
7772:Pyramids
7752:Funerals
7617:Category
7497:Khepresh
7147:Blemmyes
7124:Cultures
7055:Makedeke
6992:Apedemak
6916:Pyramids
6901:Funerals
6759:Category
6728:Convince
6678:Mojo bag
6637:Diaspora
6557:Elements
6536:Nzambici
6501:Ma Kiela
6475:Dinganga
6356:Saci Day
6341:Namahage
6331:Korochun
5996:Costumes
5883:Category
5636:Colombia
5438:Japanese
5404:Filipino
5200:Archived
4948:Archived
4944:24643137
4895:Archived
4842:cite web
4784:(1993).
4750:pp.11-46
4675:Archived
4647:Archived
4605:Archived
4480:Archived
4410:Archived
4369:Archived
4343:Archived
4310:(1994).
4180:Archived
4125:, 1992.
4115:Archived
4070:Archived
3967:Archived
3947:Archived
3892:Archived
3799:Archived
3769:Archived
3595:archived
3549:archived
3544:venerate
3523:archived
3477:archived
3415:Molieben
3339:See also
3308:imagines
3296:Caristia
3263:festival
3246:Meleager
3155:who was
3110:judgment
2898:cemetery
2896:, and a
2774:, Mexico
2564:diaspora
2562:and the
2512:Cornwall
2492:costumes
2488:bonfires
2480:Paradise
2452:cemetery
2359:Thailand
2353:Thailand
2255:Tagalogs
2223:kalading
2212:Paganito
2203:Paganito
2187:umalagad
2145:Various
2109:Buddhist
2091:Thingyan
2084:, solid
2002:include
1840:Shravana
1739:Malaysia
1716:Mahalaya
1692:Brahmins
1614:servants
1527:In China
1454:Cambodia
1442:adorcism
1419:hiragasy
1274:devotion
1190:Overview
1155:Oceanian
1147:European
1136:idolatry
1104:venerate
1004:Orthodox
994:Haymanot
935:Mahdavia
901:Smartism
896:Shaktism
891:Shaivism
879:Hinduism
802:Baptists
738:Nichiren
733:Mahayana
726:Buddhism
714:Tengrism
589:Folklore
574:Journals
333:Slametan
293:Babaylan
288:Angakkuq
9274:Thelema
9244:Atenism
9075:Ushabti
9045:Pschent
9035:Neshmet
8950:Deshret
8910:Symbols
8859:Ubaoner
8798:Griffin
8684:Taweret
8679:Tatenen
8614:Serapis
8609:Sekhmet
8579:Resheph
8524:Qed-her
8474:Nekhbet
8449:Nebtuwi
8314:Khensit
8284:Imhotep
8279:Imentet
8177:Hedetet
8042:Astarte
7977:Andjety
7952:Amesemi
7792:Deities
7777:Temples
7665:Beliefs
7552:Ushabti
7522:Pschent
7427:Deshret
7376:Taweret
7215:Ballana
7192:X-Group
7187:Nobatia
7167:Makuria
7152:C-Group
7142:B-Group
7132:A-Group
6996:Aqedise
6982:Amesemi
6978:Amanete
6936:Deities
6921:Temples
6891:Burials
6808:Beliefs
6673:Kumbaya
6498:Makanga
6495:Lusunzi
6492:Lusiemo
6483:Kimbazi
6460:Deities
6261:Kaddish
6196:Chuseok
6171:Related
6081:Bonfire
5960:Symbols
5948:Samhain
5943:History
5821:Related
5784:Samhain
5670:History
5645:Oceania
5603:Indiana
5571:Mexican
5555:Navajo
5525:Romania
5509:France
5493:English
5431:Bengali
5397:Tibetan
5387:Chinese
5382:Burmese
5352:African
5115:Everand
5040:4466838
4018:: 7â20.
3518:worship
3498:worship
3472:worship
3272:Feralia
3265:of the
3201:priests
3021:removed
3006:sources
2945:Judaism
2888:Ziyarat
2856:removed
2841:sources
2730:, like
2713:Samhain
2648:scholar
2546:Samhain
2543:During
2498:, and "
2385:Vietnam
2306:Spanish
2287:Tagalog
2239:Maranao
2183:shamans
2164:In the
2065:Myanmar
2052:Chuseok
2012:Jongmyo
1894:of the
1886:of the
1856:kumkuma
1852:sindoor
1801:Haryana
1731:Chinese
1720:tarpana
1696:ĆrÄddha
1688:ĆrÄddha
1683:tarpana
1678:ĆrÄddha
1661:ĆrÄddha
1510:Guan Yu
1502:incense
1378:pangool
1364:Pangool
1348:pangool
1293:Chinese
1282:worship
1270:worship
1254:worship
1172:kinship
1159:African
1096:beliefs
1035:Sikhism
1016:Jainism
999:Karaite
989:Hasidic
972:Judaism
867:Quakers
763:Tibetan
758:Tiantai
748:Shingon
684:KejawĂšn
610:Oceania
84:Animism
62:Amandus
9355:Shinto
9108:Amduat
9055:Serekh
9050:Scarab
8980:Hedjet
8885:Benben
8828:Uraeus
8823:Sphinx
8808:Medjed
8766:Wosret
8751:Wepset
8736:Wadjet
8659:Sopdet
8644:Shezmu
8624:Seshat
8619:Serket
8564:Renpet
8549:Rekhyt
8529:Qetesh
8494:Pakhet
8424:Mnevis
8399:Menhit
8379:Medjed
8369:Mafdet
8359:Maahes
8344:Khonsu
8334:Kherty
8329:Khepri
8197:Hemsut
8172:Hauron
8162:Hathor
8097:Buchis
8082:Ba-Pef
8067:Bastet
7997:Anuket
7992:Anubis
7967:Amu-Aa
7962:Am-heh
7911:Triads
7902:Tefnut
7887:Osiris
7854:Ennead
7839:Naunet
7829:Kauket
7819:Hauhet
7814:Amunet
7801:Ogdoad
7532:Serekh
7527:Scarab
7467:Hedjet
7381:Uraeus
7371:Sphinx
7346:Medjed
7336:Falcon
7331:Cattle
7305:Tombos
7275:Qustul
7235:Dotawo
7182:Napata
7137:Alodia
7067:Menhit
7017:Breith
7004:Ariten
6944:Triads
6732:Kumina
6663:Hoodoo
6645:Hoodoo
6623:Nkondi
6595:Nlongo
6590:Nganga
6580:Mfinda
6547:Yahweh
6527:Ntangu
6524:Ngonde
6518:Mbumba
6512:Mbenza
6372:
6311:Dziady
6266:Yizkor
6173:events
6136:albums
6074:Events
5865:Spirit
5729:SĂ©ance
5716:kaidan
5608:Oregon
5559:Chindi
5541:Canada
5486:Europe
5455:Korean
5421:Indian
5252:Ghosts
5038:
5030:
4942:
4934:
4889:
4879:
4792:
4767:
4746:
4722:
4699:
4639:
4578:
4534:11 May
4472:
4445:
4375:11 May
4349:11 May
4318:
4281:
4232:
4154:
4129:
4064:
4054:
3993:
3927:
3750:
3715:
3707:
3666:
3643:
3635:
3363:&
3351:ĂsatrĂș
3294:. The
3259:Romans
3114:Osiris
2932:Medina
2703:, and
2693:Easter
2650:
2643:
2636:
2629:
2621:
2371:àžàčàžàžàžàž”
2271:taotao
2267:taotao
2261:among
2257:; and
2253:among
2251:ninunĂČ
2231:tonong
2208:mantiw
2147:Igorot
2135:, and
2117:anatta
2113:anicca
2026:charye
2005:Munmyo
1987:;
1959:;
1951:Korean
1892:Waruga
1834:Paliya
1817:Paliya
1751:Guyana
1727:Indian
1712:Ashvin
1649:, and
1647:Devata
1622:houses
1606:Taoist
1600:, and
1598:Autumn
1594:Spring
1539:pinyin
1535:jĂŹngzÇ
1531:pinyin
1470:suttas
1409:razana
1382:fangol
1346:, the
1138:and a
1120:saints
1046:Social
1009:Reform
984:Haredi
955:Sufism
709:Shinto
699:Shindo
694:Noaidi
674:Hanitu
633:Ethnic
328:Pawang
323:JhÄkri
282:Ritual
189:Ritual
169:Oracle
89:Augury
9030:Nemes
9020:Menat
9015:Kneph
8990:Hennu
8880:Akhet
8746:Weneg
8699:Thoth
8664:Sopdu
8654:Sobek
8604:Seker
8594:Satis
8574:Repyt
8519:Qebui
8504:Petbe
8499:Perit
8484:Neper
8479:Nemty
8469:Neith
8429:Montu
8404:Meret
8394:Mehit
8384:Mehen
8364:Ma'at
8339:Khnum
8294:Iunit
8249:Iabet
8227:Horus
8222:Hesat
8207:Heqet
8202:Henet
8192:Hemen
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