54:
1884:
1898:
2148:
1135:, literally "before (outside) the temple", "pro" being outside and "fanum" being temple or sanctuary. It carried the meaning of either "desecrating what is holy" or "with a secular purpose" as early as the 1450s. Profanity represented secular indifference to religion or religious figures, while
263:
1291:
of culture over the past few centuries â an extension of the profanum at the (often explicit) expense of the sacred. The predominant 21st-century global worldview is as a result empirical, sensate, contractual, this-worldly â in short profane.
1246:
can inspire feelings of awe, because it is regarded as ultimately unknowable and beyond limited human abilities to perceive and comprehend. Durkheim pointed out however that there are degrees of sacredness, so that an
1104:. The word is also used in a neutral sense for things or people not related to the sacred; for example profane history, profane literature, etc. In this sense it is contrasted with "sacred", with meaning similar to "
1228:
The profane world consists of all that people can know through their senses; it is the natural world of everyday life that people experience as either comprehensible or at least ultimately knowable â the
1298:
expressed the same thought more subjectively when he wrote that "I know â and here I am expressing what countless other people know â that the present time is the time of God's disappearance and death".
1581:
Agricola's Ukko in the light of archeology. A chronological and interpretative study of ancient
Finnish religion: Old Norse and Finnish religions and cultic place-names
1275:
Religion is organized primarily around the sacred elements of human life and provides a collective attempt to bridge the gap between the sacred and the profane.
1068:
1221:. The profane, however, involves mundane individual concerns. Durkheim explicitly stated that the sacredâprofane dichotomy is not equivalent to
1604:
1184:, are part of the ancient tradition of the comic cults which laughed and scoffed at the deity or deities: an example of this would be Lucian's
1693:
17:
1242:
in Latin, encompasses all that exists beyond the everyday, natural world that people experience with their senses. As such, the sacred or
1986:
2087:
2135:
2001:
1688:
1440:
619:
375:
576:
1061:
2219:
53:
821:
395:
2199:
2111:
2059:
2039:
2027:
2017:
1714:
1674:
1646:
1588:
1319:
speaking for much of the movement when he wrote that "if nothing was divine then all things were, the world itself".
1054:
2119:
108:
2080:
2296:
2291:
1350:
considered that "the desacralizing of space is something that my generation experienced in all kinds of ways".
1335:
of the individual self from profane intrusion, establishing ritual places for inward work in opposition to the
1307:
The advance of the profane has led to several countermovements, attempting to limit the scope of the profanum.
485:
713:
258:
2164:
1962:
Barber, C. Renate. 1965. "Sacred and
Profane: Some Thoughts on the Folk-Urban Continuum of This Dichotomy."
2214:
193:
1527:
1217:
represents the interests of the group, especially unity, which were embodied in sacred group symbols, or
1272:
represent movements from one stateâthe profaneâto the other, the sacred; or back again to the profanum.
2286:
2170:
2073:
2044:
1472:
934:
791:
2229:
2194:
1159:
influence were turned from names of deities and spirits to profanity and used as such, like famous
683:
535:
148:
45:
1618:
2127:
2009:
1477:
866:
816:
597:
430:
218:
31:
1511:, p. 37. London: George Allen & Unwin (originally published 1915, English translation 1915).
1325:â Christian, Muslim, or other â set its face against the profanum with a return to sacred writ.
2255:
2209:
1951:
1661:
811:
643:
638:
233:
500:
1493:
1186:
1044:
826:
663:
555:
550:
505:
475:
2281:
2260:
1956:
1144:
973:
698:
583:
545:
143:
93:
8:
1411:
1332:
1093:
1040:
880:
658:
590:
480:
2189:
1976:
1936:
1598:
1225:, as the sacred could be either good or evil, and the profane could be either as well.
846:
737:
495:
270:
133:
2055:
2023:
2013:
1710:
1670:
1642:
1584:
1284:
1160:
1101:
732:
604:
465:
384:
302:
2096:
1202:
1112:
455:
1969:
1481:
1401:
1269:
1174:
998:
757:
742:
693:
525:
1436:
2224:
1946:
1889:
1757:
1665:
1316:
1022:
993:
983:
806:
627:
490:
445:
400:
390:
188:
178:
103:
1996:
1911:
1903:
1379:
1322:
1288:
1264:
1088:
in religious use may refer to a lack of respect for things that are held to be
1003:
978:
851:
410:
405:
470:
2275:
2034:
1964:
1921:
1542:
1485:
1406:
1364:
1347:
1336:
1222:
1213:, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden." In Durkheim's theory, the
856:
673:
631:
540:
530:
515:
510:
460:
354:
1522:
1369:
1156:
1148:
841:
774:
520:
450:
213:
208:
118:
1139:
was a more offensive attack on religion and religious figures, considered
959:
2204:
1466:
1391:
1260:
1199:
1097:
954:
900:
831:
786:
435:
349:
332:
228:
198:
158:
2250:
1980:
1940:
1416:
1328:
1231:
944:
440:
344:
173:
168:
153:
138:
128:
123:
98:
88:
1151:
speak against swearing. In some countries, profanity words often have
678:
1396:
1374:
1312:
1308:
1295:
1209:: "religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to
1136:
1111:
The distinction between the sacred and the profane was considered by
1017:
919:
905:
836:
801:
781:
762:
747:
292:
203:
113:
73:
1973:
317:
1883:
1692:, edited and translated by K. E. Fields. New York: The Free Press.
1360:
1243:
1206:
1116:
988:
939:
929:
895:
890:
885:
873:
796:
727:
720:
708:
327:
287:
282:
1897:
2147:
2065:
1669:(Translated by Guy Lanoue and Alexandre Sadetsky) 2000 Routledge
1165:
1105:
1029:
1010:
966:
861:
752:
78:
1198:
The sacredâprofane dichotomy is a concept posited by the French
2234:
1385:
1248:
1214:
1205:
in 1912, who considered it to be the central characteristic of
1169:, which was believed to be an original name of the thunder god
1089:
949:
703:
688:
668:
322:
183:
163:
83:
1218:
1152:
924:
912:
648:
307:
297:
223:
1170:
653:
312:
1140:
767:
1315:
and a sense of the sacred back into secular reality â
2022:
1995, translated by Karen E. Fields. The Free Press:
27:
Lack of respect for things that are held to be sacred
1879:
1092:, which implies anything inspiring or deserving of
2040:The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion
1619:"Miten suomalaiset kiroilivat ennen kristinuskoa?"
1465:
1429:
1464:
2273:
1251:for example may be sacred yet little respected.
1933:The Decline of the Sacred in Industrial Society
1641:. Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura. 1976.
2081:
1115:to be central to the social reality of human
1062:
58:Two ancient anthropomorphic figures from Peru
30:"Unholy" redirects here. For other uses, see
1535:
1193:
2136:The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life
2088:
2074:
2002:The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life
1603:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1509:The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life
1441:Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
1069:
1055:
1931:Acquaviva, S. S., and Patricia Lipscomb.
1989:," translated by R. M. Stockman. In the
1959:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
1709:. New York: Oxford University Press. US
1180:Profanities, in the original meaning of
577:Anthropological Perspectives on Religion
2043:, translated by W. R. Trask. New York:
1639:Suomen kielen etymologinen sanakirja. 3
1563:
14:
2274:
1689:The Elementary Forms of Religious Life
2069:
1460:
1458:
1578:
1494:participating institution membership
1342:
1098:behaviour showing similar disrespect
266:Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants
2220:Quantitative methods in criminology
2054:New York: Oxford University Press.
1302:
1278:
24:
2146:
2095:
1916:Postmodernism, Reason and Religion
1875:
1543:"Bad Words [in the Bible]"
1520:
1455:
396:Archaeology of religion and ritual
25:
2308:
2200:Mechanical and organic solidarity
2112:The Division of Labour in Society
2120:The Rules of Sociological Method
1926:Patterns in Comparative Religion
1896:
1882:
1131:originates from classical Latin
52:
1859:
1850:
1837:
1832:The Psychology of Human Destiny
1824:
1811:
1798:
1789:
1776:
1767:
1751:
1742:
1733:
1720:
1699:
1680:
1655:
1331:too has set out to protect the
109:Evolutionary origin of religion
1662:Meletinsky, Eleazar Moiseevich
1631:
1611:
1572:
1566:ItÀmerensuomalaisten mytologia
1557:
1514:
1501:
1254:
264:Treatise on the Apparitions of
13:
1:
1423:
714:Traditional African religions
259:Coral Gardens and Their Magic
1564:Siikala, Anna-Leena (2013).
1238:In contrast, the sacred, or
1143:, and a direct violation of
1122:
7:
2225:Statistical social research
2052:Seven Theories of Religion.
1528:Online Etymology Dictionary
1353:
10:
2313:
2045:Harcourt Brace & World
1987:The Sacred and the Profane
1707:Seven Theories of Religion
1258:
29:
2243:
2180:
2157:
2144:
2103:
1473:Oxford English Dictionary
1437:"Definition of profanity"
792:Armenian Apostolic Church
2230:Collective effervescence
2215:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
2195:Collective consciousness
1991:Encyclopedia of Religion
1847:(1991) p. 194 and p. 128
1507:Durkheim, Ămile (1976).
1194:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
684:Native American religion
339:Revitalization movements
194:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
46:Anthropology of religion
18:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
1993:. via Encyclopedia.com.
1686:Emile Durkheim. 1995.
1478:Oxford University Press
1173:, the chief god of the
598:The Journal of Religion
219:Theories about religion
32:Unholy (disambiguation)
2210:Sociology of knowledge
2151:
1952:Rabelais and His World
1819:Turning Back the Clock
1486:10.1093/OED/3577715803
1287:project have led to a
1283:Modernization and the
644:Alaska Native religion
639:Afro-American religion
234:Veneration of the dead
2297:Sociology of religion
2292:Sociological theories
2150:
1187:Dialogues of the Gods
1182:blasphemous profanity
1045:cultural anthropology
664:Chinese folk religion
556:Anthony F. C. Wallace
551:Daniel Martin Varisco
476:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
378:of the Religious Life
2261:History of sociology
2171:L'Année Sociologique
2050:Pals, Daniel. 1996.
2008:1965, translated by
1705:Pals, Daniel. 1996.
1145:The Ten Commandments
699:Shamanism in Siberia
546:Edward Burnett Tylor
376:The Elementary Forms
144:Magic (supernatural)
94:Comparative religion
1784:Man and his Symbols
1748:Durkheim, pp. 39â40
1666:The Poetics of Myth
1579:Salo, Unto (1990).
1476:(Online ed.).
1412:Symbolic boundaries
881:Hindu denominations
822:Ethiopian Orthodoxy
591:The Hibbert Journal
501:Claude LĂ©vi-Strauss
486:Fustel de Coulanges
40:Part of a series on
2190:Social integration
2165:Academic sociology
2152:
2012:. The Free Press:
1865:Denis O'Driscoll,
1762:The Jameson Reader
1728:A Rumour of Angels
935:Non-denominational
847:Oriental Orthodoxy
401:Poles in mythology
134:Laying on of hands
2269:
2268:
1985:Colpe, Carsten. "
1821:(2007) pp. 218â20
1804:Wallace Stevens,
1795:Jameson, p. 180-2
1773:Berger, pp. 13â14
1521:Harper, Douglas.
1492:(Subscription or
1343:Cultural examples
1339:loss of privacy.
1311:set out to bring
1161:Finnish profanity
1155:roots that after
1147:. Moreover, many
1102:religious offense
1079:
1078:
867:Russian Orthodoxy
817:Eastern Orthodoxy
466:Arnold van Gennep
385:Purity and Danger
16:(Redirected from
2304:
2090:
2083:
2076:
2067:
2066:
1955:, translated by
1947:Bakhtin, Mikhail
1906:
1901:
1900:
1892:
1887:
1886:
1870:
1863:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1841:
1835:
1828:
1822:
1815:
1809:
1802:
1796:
1793:
1787:
1780:
1774:
1771:
1765:
1755:
1749:
1746:
1740:
1737:
1731:
1724:
1718:
1703:
1697:
1684:
1678:
1659:
1653:
1652:
1635:
1629:
1628:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1609:
1608:
1602:
1594:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1568:. Helsinki: SKS.
1561:
1555:
1554:
1552:
1550:
1545:. OpenBible.info
1539:
1533:
1532:
1518:
1512:
1505:
1499:
1497:
1489:
1469:
1462:
1453:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1433:
1402:Secular religion
1303:Counter reaction
1279:Profane progress
1270:Rites of passage
1071:
1064:
1057:
812:Coptic Orthodoxy
526:Marshall Sahlins
368:Related articles
56:
37:
36:
21:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2306:
2305:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2265:
2239:
2182:
2176:
2153:
2142:
2099:
2094:
1997:Durkheim, Emile
1974:10.2307/2797525
1902:
1895:
1890:Religion portal
1888:
1881:
1878:
1876:Further reading
1873:
1867:Stepping Stones
1864:
1860:
1855:
1851:
1842:
1838:
1829:
1825:
1816:
1812:
1806:Collected Poems
1803:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1781:
1777:
1772:
1768:
1764:(2005) p. 180-1
1758:Fredric Jameson
1756:
1752:
1747:
1743:
1739:Durkheim, p. 38
1738:
1734:
1725:
1721:
1704:
1700:
1685:
1681:
1660:
1656:
1649:
1637:
1636:
1632:
1623:
1621:
1617:
1616:
1612:
1596:
1595:
1591:
1577:
1573:
1562:
1558:
1548:
1546:
1541:
1540:
1536:
1519:
1515:
1506:
1502:
1491:
1463:
1456:
1446:
1444:
1435:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1421:
1356:
1345:
1317:Wallace Stevens
1305:
1281:
1267:
1257:
1196:
1125:
1075:
1035:
1034:
827:Greek Orthodoxy
807:Catholic Church
623:
622:
611:
610:
571:
570:
561:
560:
536:Stanley Tambiah
491:Clifford Geertz
446:Joseph Campbell
431:Augustin Calmet
426:
425:
424:Major theorists
416:
415:
391:Myth and ritual
377:
370:
369:
360:
359:
265:
249:
248:
239:
238:
189:Sacred language
179:Rite of passage
104:Divine language
69:
68:
59:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2310:
2300:
2299:
2294:
2289:
2287:Ămile Durkheim
2284:
2267:
2266:
2264:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2247:
2245:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2181:Conceptualized
2178:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2167:
2161:
2159:
2155:
2154:
2145:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2132:
2124:
2116:
2107:
2105:
2101:
2100:
2097:Ămile Durkheim
2093:
2092:
2085:
2078:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2048:
2035:Eliade, Mircea
2032:
2031:
2030:
2020:
1994:
1983:
1960:
1944:
1929:
1919:
1912:Ernest Gellner
1908:
1907:
1904:Society portal
1893:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1858:
1849:
1836:
1823:
1810:
1797:
1788:
1775:
1766:
1750:
1741:
1732:
1726:Peter Berger,
1719:
1698:
1679:
1654:
1647:
1630:
1610:
1589:
1571:
1556:
1534:
1513:
1500:
1454:
1427:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1414:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1394:
1389:
1382:
1380:Grotesque body
1377:
1372:
1367:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1344:
1341:
1323:Fundamentalism
1304:
1301:
1289:secularisation
1280:
1277:
1265:Deconsecration
1256:
1253:
1235:or lifeworld.
1203:Ămile Durkheim
1195:
1192:
1124:
1121:
1113:Ămile Durkheim
1077:
1076:
1074:
1073:
1066:
1059:
1051:
1048:
1047:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1020:
1014:
1013:
1007:
1006:
1001:
996:
991:
986:
981:
976:
970:
969:
963:
962:
957:
952:
947:
942:
937:
932:
927:
922:
916:
915:
909:
908:
903:
898:
893:
888:
883:
877:
876:
870:
869:
864:
859:
854:
852:Pentecostalism
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
799:
794:
789:
784:
778:
777:
771:
770:
765:
760:
755:
750:
745:
740:
735:
730:
724:
723:
717:
716:
711:
706:
701:
696:
691:
686:
681:
676:
671:
666:
661:
656:
651:
646:
641:
635:
634:
632:folk religions
624:
618:
617:
616:
613:
612:
609:
608:
601:
594:
587:
580:
572:
568:
567:
566:
563:
562:
559:
558:
553:
548:
543:
538:
533:
528:
523:
518:
513:
508:
503:
498:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
456:Ămile Durkheim
453:
448:
443:
438:
436:Akbar S. Ahmed
433:
427:
423:
422:
421:
418:
417:
414:
413:
411:Elite religion
408:
406:Lived religion
403:
398:
393:
388:
381:
371:
367:
366:
365:
362:
361:
358:
357:
352:
347:
341:
340:
336:
335:
330:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
300:
295:
290:
285:
279:
278:
274:
273:
268:
261:
255:
254:
250:
246:
245:
244:
241:
240:
237:
236:
231:
226:
221:
216:
211:
206:
201:
196:
191:
186:
181:
176:
171:
166:
161:
156:
151:
146:
141:
136:
131:
126:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
70:
67:Basic concepts
66:
65:
64:
61:
60:
57:
49:
48:
42:
41:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2309:
2298:
2295:
2293:
2290:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2248:
2246:
2242:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2179:
2173:
2172:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2149:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2129:
2125:
2122:
2121:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2109:
2108:
2106:
2102:
2098:
2091:
2086:
2084:
2079:
2077:
2072:
2071:
2068:
2061:
2060:0-19-508725-9
2057:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2036:
2033:
2029:
2028:0-02-907937-3
2025:
2021:
2019:
2018:0-02-908010-X
2015:
2011:
2007:
2006:
2004:
2003:
1998:
1995:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1978:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1961:
1958:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1945:
1942:
1938:
1934:
1930:
1927:
1923:
1922:Mircea Eliade
1920:
1917:
1913:
1910:
1909:
1905:
1899:
1894:
1891:
1885:
1880:
1869:(2008) p. 309
1868:
1862:
1856:Eco, p. 77-88
1853:
1846:
1840:
1834:(1974) p. 130
1833:
1827:
1820:
1817:Umberto Eco.
1814:
1808:(1984) p. 412
1807:
1801:
1792:
1786:(1978) p. 295
1785:
1779:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1754:
1745:
1736:
1729:
1723:
1717:(pbk). p. 99.
1716:
1715:0-19-508725-9
1712:
1708:
1702:
1695:
1691:
1690:
1683:
1676:
1675:0-415-92898-2
1672:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1658:
1650:
1648:951-9019-16-2
1644:
1640:
1634:
1620:
1614:
1606:
1600:
1592:
1590:951-649-695-4
1586:
1582:
1575:
1567:
1560:
1544:
1538:
1530:
1529:
1524:
1517:
1510:
1504:
1495:
1487:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1474:
1468:
1461:
1459:
1442:
1438:
1432:
1428:
1418:
1415:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1407:Secular state
1405:
1403:
1400:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1390:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1381:
1378:
1376:
1373:
1371:
1368:
1366:
1365:carnivalesque
1362:
1359:
1358:
1351:
1349:
1348:Seamus Heaney
1340:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1310:
1300:
1297:
1293:
1290:
1286:
1285:Enlightenment
1276:
1273:
1271:
1266:
1262:
1252:
1250:
1245:
1241:
1236:
1234:
1233:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:sacred things
1208:
1204:
1201:
1191:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1176:
1175:Finnish pagan
1172:
1168:
1167:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1120:
1118:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1096:, as well as
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1072:
1067:
1065:
1060:
1058:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1049:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1015:
1012:
1009:
1008:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
995:
992:
990:
987:
985:
982:
980:
977:
975:
972:
971:
968:
965:
964:
961:
958:
956:
953:
951:
948:
946:
943:
941:
938:
936:
933:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
917:
914:
911:
910:
907:
904:
902:
899:
897:
894:
892:
889:
887:
884:
882:
879:
878:
875:
872:
871:
868:
865:
863:
860:
858:
857:Protestantism
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
783:
780:
779:
776:
773:
772:
769:
766:
764:
761:
759:
756:
754:
751:
749:
746:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
729:
726:
725:
722:
719:
718:
715:
712:
710:
707:
705:
702:
700:
697:
695:
692:
690:
687:
685:
682:
680:
677:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
655:
652:
650:
647:
645:
642:
640:
637:
636:
633:
629:
626:
625:
621:
615:
614:
607:
606:
602:
600:
599:
595:
593:
592:
588:
586:
585:
581:
579:
578:
574:
573:
565:
564:
557:
554:
552:
549:
547:
544:
542:
541:Victor Turner
539:
537:
534:
532:
531:Melford Spiro
529:
527:
524:
522:
519:
517:
516:Roy Rappaport
514:
512:
511:Steven Ozment
509:
507:
506:Robert Marett
504:
502:
499:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
461:Mircea Eliade
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
428:
420:
419:
412:
409:
407:
404:
402:
399:
397:
394:
392:
389:
387:
386:
382:
380:
379:
373:
372:
364:
363:
356:
355:Handsome Lake
353:
351:
348:
346:
343:
342:
338:
337:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
280:
276:
275:
272:
269:
267:
262:
260:
257:
256:
252:
251:
243:
242:
235:
232:
230:
227:
225:
222:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
200:
197:
195:
192:
190:
187:
185:
182:
180:
177:
175:
172:
170:
167:
165:
162:
160:
157:
155:
152:
150:
147:
145:
142:
140:
137:
135:
132:
130:
127:
125:
122:
120:
117:
115:
112:
110:
107:
105:
102:
100:
97:
95:
92:
90:
87:
85:
82:
80:
77:
75:
72:
71:
63:
62:
55:
51:
50:
47:
44:
43:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2169:
2134:
2126:
2118:
2110:
2051:
2038:
2010:Joseph Swain
2000:
1990:
1963:
1950:
1932:
1925:
1915:
1866:
1861:
1852:
1844:
1843:Robert Bly,
1839:
1831:
1830:Eric Berne,
1826:
1818:
1813:
1805:
1800:
1791:
1783:
1782:C. G. Jung,
1778:
1769:
1761:
1753:
1744:
1735:
1730:(1973) p. 15
1727:
1722:
1706:
1701:
1687:
1682:
1664:
1657:
1638:
1633:
1622:. Retrieved
1613:
1580:
1574:
1565:
1559:
1547:. Retrieved
1537:
1526:
1516:
1508:
1503:
1498:Adjective, 2
1471:
1447:11 September
1445:. Retrieved
1431:
1384:
1370:Deconsecrate
1346:
1327:
1321:
1306:
1294:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1239:
1237:
1230:
1227:
1210:
1197:
1185:
1181:
1179:
1164:
1149:Bible verses
1132:
1128:
1126:
1110:
1085:
1081:
1080:
974:Conservative
842:Nestorianism
775:Christianity
603:
596:
589:
582:
575:
521:Saba Mahmood
496:Robin Horton
481:James Frazer
451:Mary Douglas
383:
374:
271:Neo-Paganism
247:Case studies
214:Superstition
209:Soul dualism
119:Great Spirit
2282:Dichotomies
2205:Social fact
2183:and defined
1957:H. Iswolsky
1935:. (Review:
1392:Sacred site
1261:Desecration
1255:Transitions
1200:sociologist
1100:or causing
901:Vaishnavism
832:Lutheranism
787:Anglicanism
471:René Girard
350:Ghost Dance
229:Transtheism
199:Sacred site
159:Nympholepsy
2276:Categories
2251:Positivism
1968:65:45â46.
1624:2015-12-25
1496:required.)
1424:References
1417:Wickedness
1337:postmodern
1333:boundaries
1329:Psychology
1259:See also:
1232:Lebenswelt
1177:pantheon.
1023:ĆvetÄmbara
659:Böö mörgöl
441:Talal Asad
345:Cargo cult
174:Polytheism
169:Pilgrimage
154:Monotheism
139:Liminality
129:Initiation
124:Henotheism
99:Divination
89:Communitas
1845:Iron John
1599:cite book
1583:. Turku.
1523:"profane"
1467:"profane"
1397:Sacrilege
1375:Desecrate
1309:Modernism
1296:Carl Jung
1223:goodâevil
1157:Christian
1137:blasphemy
1127:The term
1123:Etymology
1094:reverence
1086:profanity
1018:Digambara
960:YazdĂąnism
940:Quranists
920:Ahmadiyya
906:Ayyavazhi
837:Methodism
802:Calvinism
782:Adventism
763:Vajrayana
748:Theravada
738:Pure Land
620:Religions
293:Bobohizan
204:Shamanism
114:Fetishism
74:Afterlife
2256:Totemism
2037:. 1957.
1999:. 1912.
1949:. 1993
1549:30 April
1443:â online
1361:Carnival
1354:See also
1244:numinous
1207:religion
1190:satire.
1133:profanus
1117:religion
999:Orthodox
989:Haymanot
930:Mahdavia
896:Smartism
891:Shaktism
886:Shaivism
874:Hinduism
797:Baptists
733:Nichiren
728:Mahayana
721:Buddhism
709:Tengrism
584:Folklore
569:Journals
328:Slametan
288:Babaylan
283:Angakkuq
2244:Related
2158:Founded
2128:Suicide
1981:2797525
1941:1202830
1166:perkele
1129:profane
1106:secular
1082:Profane
1030:Sikhism
1011:Jainism
994:Karaite
984:Hasidic
967:Judaism
862:Quakers
758:Tibetan
753:Tiantai
743:Shingon
679:KejawĂšn
605:Oceania
79:Animism
2235:Anomie
2139:(1912)
2131:(1897)
2123:(1895)
2115:(1893)
2062:(pbk).
2058:
2026:
2016:
1979:
1939:
1928:(1993)
1918:(1992)
1713:
1673:
1645:
1587:
1386:Kegare
1249:amulet
1240:sacrum
1219:totems
1215:sacred
1141:sinful
1090:sacred
1041:Social
1004:Reform
979:Haredi
950:Sufism
704:Shinto
694:Shindo
689:Noaidi
669:Hanitu
628:Ethnic
323:Pawang
318:JhÄkri
277:Ritual
184:Ritual
164:Oracle
84:Augury
2104:Books
1977:JSTOR
1937:JSTOR
1694:p. 35
1677:p.110
1490:
1163:word
1153:pagan
1084:, or
955:Sunni
925:Ibadi
913:Islam
674:Hausa
649:Anito
308:Dukun
298:Bomoh
253:Magic
224:Totem
2056:ISBN
2024:ISBN
2014:ISBN
1711:ISBN
1671:ISBN
1643:ISBN
1605:link
1585:ISBN
1551:2015
1449:2014
1363:and
1313:myth
1263:and
1171:Ukko
1043:and
945:Shia
654:Atua
630:and
313:Miko
303:Bora
149:Mana
1970:doi
1965:Man
1482:doi
1108:".
768:Zen
2278::
2005:,
1943:).
1924:,
1914:,
1760:,
1601:}}
1597:{{
1525:.
1480:.
1470:.
1457:^
1439:.
1119:.
333:Wu
2089:e
2082:t
2075:v
2047:.
1972::
1696:.
1651:.
1627:.
1607:)
1593:.
1553:.
1531:.
1488:.
1484::
1451:.
1070:e
1063:t
1056:v
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
