435:
93:
499:) was followed as the dominant philosophy. A minority also claims that the phrase "three teachings" proposes that these mutually exclusive and fundamentally incomparable teachings are equal. This is a contested point of view as others stress that it is not so. Confucianism focuses on societal rules and moral values, whereas Taoism advocates simplicity and living happily while in tune with nature. On the other hand, Buddhism reiterates the ideas of suffering, impermanence of material items, and reincarnation while stressing the idea of reaching salvation beyond.
31:
408:", often translated as "non-action". In practice, it refers to an in-between state of "being, but not acting". This concept also overlaps with an idea in Confucianism as Confucius similarly believed that a perfect sage could rule without taking action. Daoism assumes any extreme action can initiate a counter-action of equal extremity, and so excessive government can become tyrannical and unjust, even when initiated with good intentions.
78:
49:
162:. The learning and the understanding of the three teachings are traditionally considered to be a harmonious aggregate within Chinese culture. Literary references to the "three teachings" by prominent Chinese scholars date back to the 6th century. The term may also refer to a non-religious philosophical grounds of aggregation as exemplified within traditional Chinese medicine.
291:(filial piety), along with strict adherence to social roles. This is illustrated through the five main relationships Confucius interpreted to be the core of society: ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, elder brother-younger brother, and friend-friend. In these bonds, the latter must pay respect to and serve the former, while the former is bound to care for the latter.
466:
serves as a significant part of practicing
Buddhism. This calming and working of the mind helps Buddhists strive to become more peaceful and positive while developing wisdom through solving everyday problems. The negative mental states that are sought to be overcome are called "delusions", while the
490:
Though the term "three teachings" is often focused on how well
Confucianism, Buddhism, and Taoism have been able to coexist in harmony throughout Chinese history, evidence has shown that each practice has dominated, or risen to favour, during certain periods of time. Emperors would choose to follow
221:
While
Confucianism was the ideology of the law, the institutions and the ruling class, Taoism was the worldview of the radical intellectuals and it was also compatible with the spiritual beliefs of the peasants and the artisans. The two, although opposite ends of the philosophical spectrum, jointly
324:) or gentleman. Originally this expression referred to "the son of a ruler", but Confucius redefined this concept to mean behaviour (in terms of ethics and values such as loyalty and righteousness) instead of mere social status.
478:, which is said to be the first of all Buddha's teachings. It stresses areas in life that can be explored and practice, such as right speech and right intention. The main principles of this belief system are karma, rebirth, and
377:. Key components of Daoism are Dao (the Way) and immortality, along with a stress on balance found throughout nature. There is less emphasis on extremes and instead focuses on the interdependence between things. For example,
397:) do not exemplify the opposition of good against evil, but instead represents the interpenetration of mutually-dependent opposites present in everything; "within the Yang there exists the Yin and vice versa".
369:'Way'), which is believed to be the source, pattern and substance of all matter. Its origin can be traced back to the late 4th century B.C.E. and the main thinkers representative of this teaching are
460:(a state of perfect happiness) can be obtained by breaking away from (material) attachments and purifying the mind. However, different doctrines vary on the practices and paths followed in order to do so.
2437:
2444:
947:
627:
448:
is a religion that is based on the teachings of
Siddhartha Gautama. The main principles of this belief system are karma, rebirth, and
247:
is a complex school of thought, sometimes also referred to as a religion, revolving around the principles of the
Chinese philosopher
2992:
2560:
236:
Sanjiao believers think that "hree teachings are...safer than one" and that using elements from all three brings good fortune.
650:
Freiberg, J.W. “THE DIALECTIC OF CONFUCIANISM AND TAOISM IN ANCIENT CHINA.” Dialectical
Anthropology 2, no. 3 (1977): 175–98.
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680:
336:
199:
simply reflects the long history, mutual influence, and (at times) complementary teachings of the three belief systems.
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one specific system and the others were discriminated against, or tolerated at most. An example of this would be the
495:, in which both Buddhism and Taoism became less popular. Neo-Confucianism (which had re-emerged during the previous
2715:
2409:
1241:
940:
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587:"Cultural additivity: behavioural insights from the interaction of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in folktales"
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214:
by Lin Zhao'en, wherein
Confucian, Taoist, and Buddhist beliefs are combined according to their usefulness in
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874:
20:
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304:"The superior man has a dignified ease without pride. The mean man has pride without a dignified ease."
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300:, a compilation of Confucius' sayings and teachings, written after his death by his disciples.
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This article is about San Jiao in
Chinese society. For a concept of San Jiao within the
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Confusianism, Taoism, and
Buddhism collectively, considered as a harmonious aggregate
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Another concept prominent in the
Buddhist belief system is the Eight-Fold Path. The
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897:"Chinese History - Song Dynasty 宋 (960-1279) literature, thought and philosophy"
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568:"Living in the Chinese Cosmos: Understanding Religion in Late-Imperial China"
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445:
419:"The truth is not always beautiful, nor beautiful words the truth."
296:
218:. However, the phrase is not necessarily a reference to this sect.
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456:, but that suffering can be overcome by attaining enlightenment.
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The joint worship of the three teachings can be found in some
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61:(12th century) painting portraying three men representing
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340:
339:) is a philosophy centered on living in harmony with the
2215:
96:
The Three Sages (Confucius, Buddha, Laozi) 三聖圖, 1615
467:
positive mental states are called "virtuous minds".
165:
314:This quotation exemplifies Confucius' idea of the
2979:
522:– story about the leaders of the three teachings
259:. The main concepts of this philosophy include
867:
2438:
941:
415:, one of the main texts in Daoist teachings:
382:
364:
2452:
2445:
2431:
948:
934:
222:created the Chinese "image of the world".
602:
452:. Buddhists believe that life is full of
202:It can also be used in reference to the "
875:"San Jiao / San Chiao / Three Teachings"
433:
91:
76:
47:
29:
2561:Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind
698:
696:
694:
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2980:
955:
761:
759:
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663:
543:(new religion based on the same three)
441:of Buddhist, Daoist, and Folk Deities.
2426:
929:
802:
628:"Lin Zhaoen (Lin Chao-en: 1517-1598)"
584:
562:
560:
558:
894:
705:The Heritage of Chinese Civilization
689:
652:http://www.jstor.org/stable/29789901
625:
309:Confucius, The Analects of Confucius
294:The following quotation is from the
754:
671:(First American ed.). Boston:
13:
851:
555:
411:The following is a quote from the
210:sect which was founded during the
14:
3044:
914:
829:
702:
197:three teachings harmonious as one
172:three teachings harmonious as one
166:Three teachings harmonious as one
2716:Confucian royal ancestral shrine
765:
88:and Confucian deities and halls.
888:
845:
823:
781:
239:
170:The phrase also appears as the
2993:Concepts in Chinese philosophy
733:
711:
657:
644:
619:
578:
485:
439:Water and Land Ritual painting
359:
191:
134:
1:
854:"What is the Eightfold Path?"
548:
2998:Buddhism and other religions
2835:Four Books and Five Classics
2571:Ancestor veneration in China
2556:Unity of Heaven and humanity
921:Video on the Three Teachings
195:). In common understanding,
21:traditional Chinese medicine
7:
526:Three laughs at Tiger Brook
502:
429:
54:Three laughs at Tiger Brook
10:
3049:
1078:Hundred Schools of Thought
585:Vuong, Quan-Hoang (2018).
251:. It was developed in the
18:
2944:
2848:
2827:
2791:
2703:
2667:
2599:
2546:Confucian ritual religion
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604:10.1057/s41599-018-0189-2
348:
327:
319:
175:
120:
84:, which contains Daoist,
533:(merger of Buddhism and
253:Spring and Autumn period
2490:Ritual and music system
1073:Nine Schools of Thought
669:The Heart of the Dragon
591:Palgrave Communications
277:(propriety/etiquette),
37:handing over an infant
3033:Religious Confucianism
2454:Religious Confucianism
2376:State consequentialism
572:afe.easia.columbia.edu
442:
427:
312:
143:
102:
89:
74:
45:
3028:Vietnamese traditions
2781:Temple of Agriculture
2726:Religious goods store
2612:Holy Confucian Church
2566:Chinese folk religion
2515:Worship of the living
1393:Northern and Southern
832:"The Eight-Fold Path"
789:"Tao Te Ching Quotes"
741:"The Analects Quotes"
474:is the fourth of the
437:
417:
302:
95:
80:
51:
33:
2814:Confucian coin charm
472:Noble Eightfold Path
3023:Japanese traditions
2711:Temple of Confucius
2473:Sacrifice to Heaven
1023:School of Diplomacy
810:"What is Buddhism?"
626:Kirkland, Russell.
3018:Chinese traditions
957:Chinese philosophy
895:Theobald, Ulrich.
443:
107:Chinese philosophy
103:
90:
75:
46:
3013:Korean traditions
2975:
2974:
2905:Bluegreen Emperor
2840:Thirteen Classics
2632:Confucian Academy
2617:Xuanyuan teaching
2541:Mandate of Heaven
2420:
2419:
2268:Mandate of Heaven
2140:
2139:
768:"Daoism in China"
682:978-0-395-35336-3
476:Four Noble Truths
402:Daoist philosophy
367:
271:(righteousness),
73:laughing together
3040:
2945:Tutelary deities
2776:Beijing Shejitan
2771:Temple of Heaven
2767:Beijing Temples
2721:Ancestral shrine
2637:Confucian Shinto
2607:Confucian church
2536:Chinese theology
2447:
2440:
2433:
2424:
2423:
2297:Self-cultivation
2202:Neo-Confucianism
1937:Chung-ying Cheng
1095:
1094:
996:New Confucianism
991:Neo-Confucianism
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665:Clayre, Alasdair
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515:Neo-Confucianism
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424:Laozi, Daodejing
404:is the idea of "
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216:self-cultivation
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2804:Tiangong censer
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2586:Yan Huang Zisun
2531:Shendao shejiao
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2235:Three teachings
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2087:Tsang Lap Chuen
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1028:School of Names
971:Agriculturalism
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703:Craig, Albert.
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520:Vinegar tasters
510:Buddhist ethics
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392:dark and bright
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227:Chinese temples
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112:three teachings
99:Xingming guizhi
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2952:Landlord deity
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2866:Wufang Shangdi
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2019:
2017:Lee Shui-chuen
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915:External links
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852:Nourie, Dana.
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719:"Confucianism"
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675:. p. 35.
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265:(humaneness),
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231:Hanging Temple
204:Sanyi teaching
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82:Hanging Temple
69:(Daoism), and
41:to an elderly
39:Gautama Buddha
15:
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855:
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830:Allan, John.
826:
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400:The basis of
398:
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229:, such as in
228:
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79:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
55:
50:
44:
40:
36:
32:
26:
22:
2967:Mountain God
2652:Suika Shinto
2622:Taigu school
2551:Filial piety
2478:Festival Huế
2400:Epistemology
2387:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2309:Yin and yang
2301:
2292:Human nature
2284:
2280:Filial piety
2272:
2260:
2253:
2246:
2239:
2234:
2227:
2220:
2208:
2197:Confucianism
2191:
2184:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2156:
2127:Zhou Guoping
2122:Zhang Shenfu
2107:Yin Haiguang
2102:Yang Changji
2047:Liu Xiaofeng
2032:Liang Qichao
1917:Carsun Chang
1905:20th century
1891:Zhuang Cunyu
1821:Hong Liangji
1781:Chen Menglei
1776:Chen Hongmou
1758:Zhan Ruoshui
1718:Liu Zongzhou
1688:Hong Zicheng
1683:Huang Zongxi
1589:Fan Zhongyan
1567:Ten Kingdoms
1553:Linji Yixuan
1548:Liu Zongyuan
1137:Gongsun Long
1099:Eastern Zhou
1090:Philosophers
1068:
1064:Mixed School
1049:
1042:
986:Han learning
981:Confucianism
900:. Retrieved
890:
878:. Retrieved
869:
857:. Retrieved
847:
835:. Retrieved
825:
813:. Retrieved
804:
792:. Retrieved
783:
771:. Retrieved
766:Chiu, Lisa.
744:. Retrieved
735:
723:. Retrieved
713:
704:
668:
659:
646:
634:. Retrieved
621:
594:
590:
580:
571:
497:Tang dynasty
493:Song dynasty
489:
480:impermanence
469:
462:
450:impermanence
444:
418:
410:
399:
379:yin and yang
358:
331:
313:
303:
295:
293:
286:
278:
272:
266:
260:
257:Zhou dynasty
245:Confucianism
243:
240:Confucianism
235:
224:
220:
212:Ming dynasty
201:
196:
192:Sānjiào Héyī
190:
171:
169:
152:Confucianism
133:
111:
110:
104:
97:
63:Confucianism
59:Song dynasty
52:
2917:Red Emperor
2758:Miao shrine
2731:Hero shrine
2690:Kang Youwei
2371:Role ethics
2356:Metaphysics
2132:Zhou Zuoren
2092:Xiong Shili
2077:Tang Chun-i
2072:Sun Yat-sen
2067:Qiu Renzong
2062:Mou Zongsan
2012:Kang Youwei
1957:Feng Youlan
1922:P. C. Chang
1912:Cai Yuanpei
1896:Zeng Guofan
1881:Yu Zhengxie
1811:Gong Zizhen
1806:Feng Guifen
1796:Fang Lanfen
1728:Qian Dehong
1528:Zhang Zhihe
1464:Xiahou Xuan
1404:Bao Jingyan
1247:Zhuang Zhou
902:13 February
880:10 February
859:13 February
837:13 February
815:12 February
794:13 February
773:13 February
746:12 February
725:11 February
636:16 February
486:Controversy
375:Zhuang Zhou
255:during the
23:(TCM), see
3008:Syncretism
2982:Categories
2819:Joss paper
2809:Hell money
2736:Myo shrine
2410:Legitimacy
2112:Yu Dunkang
2082:Tang Yijie
2057:Mao Zedong
2042:Lin Yutang
2007:Jin Yuelin
2002:Jiang Qing
1977:He Guanghu
1947:Chu Anping
1932:Chen Duxiu
1861:Wang Fuzhi
1851:Tan Sitong
1846:Pan Pingge
1841:Liu Yiming
1723:Luo Rufang
1644:Zhou Dunyi
1629:Wang Chuyi
1619:Wang Anshi
1599:Lu Jiuyuan
1479:Yan Zhitui
1469:Xie Daoyun
1371:Yang Xiong
1356:Wang Chong
1331:Kong Anguo
1192:Shen Buhai
1187:Shang Yang
1142:Guan Zhong
1112:Chunyu Kun
1033:Naturalism
707:. Pearson.
597:(1): 143.
549:References
464:Meditation
150:: 三教) are
140:Vietnamese
2753:Ci shrine
2704:Buildings
2680:Confucius
2642:Taiseikyo
2485:Feng Shan
2389:Shan shui
2322:Zhengming
2097:Xu Fuguan
2022:Li Shicen
1997:Ray Huang
1982:Hu Qiaomu
1952:Fang Keli
1942:Ch'ien Mu
1927:Chen Daqi
1856:Tang Zhen
1801:Fang Quan
1713:Liu Bowen
1703:Lai Zhide
1693:Jiao Hong
1678:Chen Jiru
1639:Zhang Zai
1604:Shao Yong
1579:Cheng Hao
1523:Wang Tong
1424:Guo Xiang
1346:Liu Xiang
1326:Jing Fang
1237:Yuan Xian
1217:Ximen Bao
1172:Lie Yukou
1127:Duanmu Ci
1117:Confucius
1003:Huang–Lao
721:. Patheos
454:suffering
413:Daodejing
249:Confucius
208:syncretic
35:Confucius
2962:City God
2957:Tudigong
2922:Shennong
2763:Yin miao
2627:Shengdao
2524:Concepts
2505:Marriage
2383:Ink wash
2361:Politics
2351:Theology
2210:Ming yun
2186:Jing zuo
2145:Concepts
2027:Li Zehou
1992:Hua Gang
1962:Gan Yang
1871:Yan Yuan
1866:Wei Yuan
1836:Lin Zexu
1816:Gu Yanwu
1791:Fang Bao
1786:Dai Zhen
1748:Wu Cheng
1738:Wang Gen
1609:Shen Kuo
1584:Cheng Yi
1543:Liu Yuxi
1449:Sengzhao
1409:Fan Zhen
1311:Huan Tan
1291:Ban Zhao
1242:Zhang Yi
1232:Yang Zhu
1197:Shen Dao
1107:Bu Shang
1008:Legalism
976:Buddhism
667:(1985).
613:54444540
541:Caodaism
503:See also
446:Buddhism
430:Buddhism
422:—
307:—
297:Analects
160:Buddhism
144:tam giáo
135:sān jiào
86:Buddhist
71:Buddhism
25:San Jiao
2932:Zhurong
2893:Zhuanxu
2881:Shaohao
2861:Shangdi
2849:Deities
2792:Objects
2741:Jongmyo
2657:Onmyōdō
2581:Tianxia
2495:Guan Li
2461:Rituals
2395:Society
2172:Jian'ai
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