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2307:. Coffee and tea are the major cash crops for export, with the high altitudes, steep slopes and volcanic soils providing favourable conditions. Reports have established that more than 400,000 Rwandans make their living from coffee plantation. Reliance on agricultural exports makes Rwanda vulnerable to shifts in their prices. Animals raised in Rwanda include cows, goats, sheep, pigs, chicken, and rabbits, with geographical variation in the numbers of each. Production systems are mostly traditional, although there are a few intensive dairy farms around Kigali. Shortages of land and water, insufficient and poor-quality feed, and regular disease epidemics with insufficient veterinary services are major constraints that restrict output. Fishing takes place on the country's lakes, but stocks are very depleted, and live fish are being imported in an attempt to revive the industry.
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responsibility for "coordinating governance issues in the
Province, as well as monitoring and evaluation". Each province is headed by a governor, appointed by the president and approved by the Senate. The districts are responsible for coordinating public service delivery and economic development. They are divided into sectors, which are responsible for the delivery of public services as mandated by the districts. Districts and sectors have directly elected councils, and are run by an executive committee selected by that council. The cells and villages are the smallest political units, providing a link between the people and the sectors. All adult resident citizens are members of their local cell council, from which an executive committee is elected. The city of
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3088:"near ubiquity", rates of completion are low and repetition rates high. While schooling is fee-free, there is an expectation that parents should contribute to the cost of their children's education by providing them with school supplies, supporting teacher development and making a contribution to school construction. According to the government, these costs should not be a basis for the exclusion of children from education, however. There are many private schools across the country, some church-run, which follow the same syllabus but charge fees. From 1994 until 2009, secondary education was offered in either French or English; because of the country's increasing ties with the
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1593:. The judiciary is independent of the executive branch, although the president and the Senate are involved in the appointment of Supreme Court judges. Human Rights Watch has praised the Rwandan government for progress made in the delivery of justice including the abolition of the death penalty, but also alleges interference in the judicial system by members of the government, such as the politically motivated appointment of judges, misuse of prosecutorial power, and pressure on judges to make particular decisions. The constitution provides for two types of courts: ordinary and specialised. Ordinary courts are the
2004:
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113:
4137:
180:
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1652:. For many years during the Habyarimana regime, the country maintained close ties with France, as well as Belgium, the former colonial power. Under the RPF government, however, Rwanda has sought closer ties with neighbouring countries in the East African Community and with the English-speaking world. Diplomatic relations with France were suspended in 2006 following the indictment of Rwandan officials by a French judge, and despite their restoration in 2010, as of 2015 relations between the countries remain strained. Relations with the
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1629:, whose duties include prevention and fighting of corruption. Public officials (including the president) are required by the constitution to declare their wealth to the ombudsman and to the public; those who do not comply are suspended from office. Despite this, Human Rights Watch notes extensive political repression throughout the country, including illegal and arbitrary detention, threats or other forms of intimidation, disappearances, politically motivated trials, and the massacre of peacefully protesting civilians.
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1778:); the larger divisions, and their borders, are established by Parliament. In January 2006, Rwanda was reorganized such that twelve provinces were merged to create five, and 106 districts were merged into thirty. The present borders drawn in 2006 aimed at decentralising power and removing associations with the old system and the genocide. The previous structure of twelve provinces associated with the largest cities was replaced with five provinces based primarily on geography. These are
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about 55% in 2005; the government has committed to increasing this to 100% by 2017. The country's water infrastructure consists of urban and rural systems that deliver water to the public, mainly through standpipes in rural areas and private connections in urban areas. In areas not served by these systems, hand pumps and managed springs are used. Despite rainfall exceeding 750 millimetres (30 in) annually in most of the country, little use is made of
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the Tutsi are a separate race, with a tendency towards "long and narrow heads, faces and noses"; others, such as Villia
Jefremovas, believe there is no discernible physical difference and the categories were not historically rigid. In precolonial Rwanda the Tutsi were the ruling class, from whom the kings and the majority of chiefs were derived, while the Hutu were agriculturalists. The current
1372:. Pro-Hutu discrimination continued, but there was greater economic prosperity and a reduced amount of violence against Tutsi. The Twa remained marginalised, and by 1990 were almost entirely forced out of the forests by the government; many became beggars. Rwanda's population had increased from 1.6 million people in 1934 to 7.1 million in 1989, leading to competition for land.
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methane gas from Lake Kivu, expected in its first phase to increase the country's power generation by 40%. Only 18% of the population had access to electricity in 2012, though this had risen from 10.8% in 2009. The government's
Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy for 2013–18 aims to increase access to electricity to 70% of households by 2017.
1395:. The group condemned the Hutu-dominated government for failing to democratize and confront the problems facing these refugees. Neither side was able to gain a decisive advantage in the war, but by 1992 it had weakened Habyarimana's authority; mass demonstrations forced him into a coalition with the domestic opposition and eventually to sign the 1993
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2995:, the annual birth rate is estimated at 40.2 births per 1,000 inhabitants in 2015, and the death rate at 14.9. The life expectancy is 67.67 years (69.27 years for females and 67.11 years for males), which is the 26th lowest out of 224 countries and territories. The overall sex ratio of the country is 95.9 males per 100 females.
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2547:, with this statistic increasing to 92% for the total population (95% urban and 91% urban) in 2022. Kigali is one of the cleanest cities in Africa. Government policy measures to improve sanitation are limited, focusing only on urban areas. The majority of the population, both urban and rural, use public shared
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3333:, is also spoken by some as a second language, particularly returned refugees from Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), and those who live along the border with the DRC. In 2015, Swahili was introduced as a mandatory subject in secondary schools. Inhabitants of Rwanda's
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The
Rwandan government prioritised funding of water supply development during the 2000s, significantly increasing its share of the national budget. This funding, along with donor support, caused a rapid increase in access to safe water; in 2015, 74% of the population had access to safe water, up from
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is one of the fastest-growing economic resources and became the country's leading foreign exchange earner in 2007. In spite of the genocide's legacy, the country is increasingly perceived internationally as a safe destination. The number of tourist arrivals in 2013 was 864,000 people, up from 504,000
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The
Rwandan government, through its Sports Development Policy, promotes sport as a strong avenue for "development and peace building", and the government has made commitments to advancing the use of sport for a variety of development objectives, including education. The most popular sports in Rwanda
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4–6, which relate to healthcare. A mid-2015 UNDP report noted that the country was not on target to meet goal 4 on infant mortality, despite it having "fallen dramatically"; the country is "making good progress" towards goal 5, which is to reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio, while
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gives estimates that the Hutu made up 84% of the population in 2009, the Tutsi 15% and Twa 1%. The Twa are a pygmy people who descend from Rwanda's earliest inhabitants, but scholars do not agree on the origins of and differences between the Hutu and Tutsi. Anthropologist Jean
Hiernaux contends that
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by local farmers using simple tools. An estimated 90% of the working population farms, and agriculture constituted an estimated 32.5% of GDP in 2014. Farming techniques are basic, with small plots of land and steep slopes. Since the mid-1980s, farm sizes and food production have been decreasing, due
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has caused a change in the pattern of the rainy seasons. According to a report by the
Strategic Foresight Group, change in climate has reduced the number of rainy days experienced during a year, but has also caused an increase in frequency of torrential rains. Both changes have caused difficulty for
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and started a period of more direct colonial rule. The
Belgians simplified and centralised the power structure, introduced large-scale projects in education, health, public works, and agricultural supervision, including new crops and improved agricultural techniques to try to reduce the incidence of
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migrated later to form a distinct racial group, possibly of Nilo-hamitic origin. An alternative theory is that the migration was slow and steady, with incoming groups integrating into rather than conquering the existing society. Under this theory, the Hutu and Tutsi distinction arose later and was a
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kingdom. The dung is mixed with natural soils of various colours and painted into patterned ridges to form geometric shapes. Other crafts include pottery and wood carving. Traditional housing styles make use of locally available materials; circular or rectangular mud homes with grass-thatched roofs
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has since increased the importance of
English; the medium of education was switched from French to English in 2008. Kinyarwanda, English, French, and Swahili are all official languages. Kinyarwanda is the national language while English is the primary medium of instruction in secondary and tertiary
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The industrial sector is small, contributing 14.8% of GDP in 2014. Products manufactured include cement, agricultural products, small-scale beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textiles and cigarettes. Rwanda's mining industry is an important contributor, generating US$ 93 million
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Rwanda's economy suffered heavily during the 1994 genocide, with widespread loss of life, failure to maintain infrastructure, looting, and neglect of important cash crops. This caused a large drop in GDP and destroyed the country's ability to attract private and external investment. The economy has
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The constitution was adopted following a national referendum in 2003, replacing the transitional constitution which had been in place since 1994. The constitution mandates a multi-party system of government, with politics based on democracy and elections. However, the constitution places conditions
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Prior to 2012, the
Rwandan government provided free education in state-run schools for nine years: six years in primary and three years following a common secondary programme. In 2012, this started to be expanded to 12 years. A 2015 study suggests that while enrollment rates in primary schools are
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with 1,336,679. Rwandatel has also previously operated a mobile phone network, but the industry regulator revoked its licence in April 2011, following the company's failure to meet agreed investment commitments. Internet penetration is low but rising rapidly; in 2015 there were 12.8 internet users
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was also tense for much of the 2000s following a 1999 clash between the two countries' armies as they backed opposing rebel groups in the Second Congo War, but improved significantly in the early 2010s. In 2019, relations between the two countries deteriorated, with Rwanda closing its borders with
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in which the country voted to abolish the monarchy. Rwanda was separated from Burundi and gained independence on 1 July 1962, which is commemorated as Independence Day, a national holiday. Cycles of violence followed, with exiled Tutsi attacking from neighbouring countries and the Hutu retaliating
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to the southeast, with numerous lakes throughout the country. The climate is temperate to subtropical, with two rainy seasons and two dry seasons each year. It is the most densely populated mainland African country; among countries larger than 10,000 km, it is the fifth-most densely populated
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in 2014, and a year later there were seven national stations operating, up from just one in the pre-2014 analogue era. The press is tightly restricted, and newspapers routinely self-censor to avoid government reprisals. Nonetheless, publications in Kinyarwanda, English, and French critical of the
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topic, and there is no significant public discussion of this issue in any region of the country. Some lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) Rwandans have reported being harassed and blackmailed. Same-sex sexual activity is not specifically illegal in Rwanda. Some cabinet-level government
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were piloted in 1999, and were made available nationwide by the mid-2000s, with the assistance of international development partners. Premiums under the scheme were initially US$ 2 per annum; since 2011 the rate has varied on a sliding scale, with the poorest paying nothing, and maximum premiums
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north of Kigali; by 2006 these were providing 56% of the country's electricity, but were very costly. The government enacted a number of measures to alleviate this problem, including rehabilitating the Rugezi wetlands, which supply water to Burera and Ruhondo and investing in a scheme to extract
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was the first European to cross the entire territory of Rwanda; he crossed from the south-east to Lake Kivu and met the king. In 1897, Germany established a presence in Rwanda with the formation of an alliance with the king, beginning the colonial era. The Germans did not significantly alter the
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climate, with lower temperatures than are typical for equatorial countries because of its high elevation. Kigali, in the centre of the country, has a typical daily temperature range between 15 and 28 °C (59 and 82 °F), with little variation through the year. There are some temperature
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The five provinces act as intermediaries between the national government and their constituent districts to ensure that national policies are implemented at the district level. The Rwanda Decentralisation Strategic Framework developed by the Ministry of Local Government assigns to provinces the
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estimated Rwanda's population to be 11,262,564, while the projection for 2022 was 13,246,394. The 2012 census recorded a population of 10,515,973. The population is young: in the 2012 census, 43.3% of the population were aged 15 and under, and 53.4% were between 16 and 64. According to the CIA
1241:). The clans were not limited to genealogical lineages or geographical area, and most included Hutu, Tutsi, and Twa. From the 15th century, the clans began to merge into kingdoms. One kingdom, under King Gihanga, managed to incorporate several of its close neighbor territories establishing the
1721:
Before western colonization, the Rwandan government system had a quasi-system of political pluralism and power sharing. Despite there being a strict hierarchy, the pre-colonial system achieved an established, combined system of "centralized power and decentralized autonomous units." Under the
1325:. In 1935, Belgium introduced an identity card system, which labelled each individual as either Tutsi, Hutu, Twa or Naturalised. While it had been previously possible for particularly wealthy Hutu to become honorary Tutsi, the identity cards prevented any further movement between the classes.
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as bank lending, foreign aid projects and investment were reduced. The sector rebounded in 2010, becoming the country's largest sector by economic output and contributing 43.6% of the country's GDP. Key tertiary contributors include banking and finance, wholesale and retail trade, hotels and
3010:
believe that the 1994 genocide can be partly attributed to the population density. The population is predominantly rural, with a few large towns; dwellings are evenly spread throughout the country. The only sparsely populated area of the country is the savanna land in the former province of
3444:. It was established by President Habyarimana in 1974, and performs nationally and internationally. Traditionally, music is transmitted orally, with styles varying between the social groups. Drums are of great importance; the royal drummers enjoyed high status within the court of the King (
2570:
for cultivation and grazing, caused the two lakes' water levels to fall from 1990 onwards; by 2004 levels were reduced by 50%, leading to a sharp drop in output from the power stations. This, coupled with increased demand as the economy grew, precipitated a shortfall in 2004 and widespread
2026:: the major one from June to September, during which there is often no rain at all, and a shorter and less severe one from December to February. Rainfall varies geographically, with the west and northwest of the country receiving more precipitation annually than the east and southeast.
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1407:, which began within a few hours. Over the course of approximately 100 days, between 500,000 and 1,000,000 Tutsi and politically moderate Hutu were killed in well-planned attacks on the orders of the interim government. Many Twa were also killed, despite not being directly targeted.
2599:, Japan, and others. The transport system consists primarily of the road network, with paved roads between Kigali and most other major cities and towns in the country. Rwanda is linked by road to other countries in the East African Community, namely Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and
1275:
system in which Hutu were forced to work for Tutsi chiefs. Rwabugiri's changes caused a rift to grow between the Hutu and Tutsi populations. The Twa were better off than in pre-Kingdom days, with some becoming dancers in the royal court, but their numbers continued to decline.
1209:
groups migrated into Rwanda, clearing forest land for agriculture. The forest-dwelling Twa lost much of their habitat and moved to the mountain slopes. Historians have several theories regarding the nature of the Bantu migrations; one theory is that the first settlers were
2350:
can be visited safely; the gorillas attract thousands of visitors per year, who are prepared to pay high prices for permits. Other attractions include Nyungwe Forest, home to chimpanzees, Ruwenzori colobus and other primates, the resorts of Lake Kivu, and Akagera, a small
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in part to the resettlement of displaced people. Despite Rwanda's fertile ecosystem, food production often does not keep pace with population growth, and food imports are required. However, in recent years with the growth of agriculture, the situation has improved.
1614:, a Rwandan traditional court operated by villages and communities, was revived to expedite the trials of genocide suspects. The court succeeded in clearing the backlog of genocide cases, but was criticised by human rights groups as not meeting legal fair standard.
1410:
The Tutsi RPF restarted their offensive, and took control of the country methodically, gaining control of the whole country by mid-July. The international response to the genocide was limited, with major powers reluctant to strengthen the already overstretched
1557:, which has 80 members serving five-year terms. Twenty-four of these seats are reserved for women, elected through a joint assembly of local government officials; another three seats are reserved for youth and disabled members; the remaining 53 are elected by
3276:) 37.7%, Seventh-day Adventists 11.8%, and Muslims 2.0%; 0.2% claimed no religious beliefs and 1.3% did not state a religion. Traditional religion, despite officially being followed by only 0.1% of the population, retains an influence. Many Rwandans view the
2115:
The greatest diversity of large mammals is found in the three national parks, which are designated conservation areas. Akagera contains typical savanna animals such as giraffes and elephants, while Volcanoes is home to an estimated one-third of the worldwide
2022:
variations across the country; the mountainous west and north are generally cooler than the lower-lying east. There are two rainy seasons in the year; the first runs from February to June and the second from September to December. These are separated by two
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3518:(1912–1981), who carried out and published research into oral traditions as well as writing his own poetry. The Rwandan Genocide resulted in the emergence of a literature of witness accounts, essays and fiction by a new generation of writers such as
3567:
are observed throughout the year, with others occasionally inserted by the government. The week following Genocide Memorial Day on 7 April is designated an official week of mourning. The victory for the RPF over the Hutu extremists is celebrated as
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on how political parties may operate. Article 54 states that "political organizations are prohibited from basing themselves on race, ethnic group, tribe, clan, region, sex, religion or any other division which may give rise to discrimination". The
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rising to US$ 8 per adult. As of 2014, more than 90% of the population was covered by the scheme. The government has also set up training institutes including the Kigali Health Institute (KHI), which was established in 1997 and is now part of the
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since precolonial times. Although Rwanda has low levels of corruption compared with neighbouring countries, it ranks among the lowest in international measurements of government transparency, civil liberties and quality of life. The population is
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and Akagera National Park in the east. Kigali is the largest city, with a population of around one million. Its rapidly increasing population challenges its infrastructural development. According to the 2012 census, the second largest city is
4204:
13432:"Rwanda: Question Time: How could it happen?: Rebellion, slaughter, exodus, cholera: the catastrophe in Rwanda is beyond our worst imaginings. Who is to blame? Who are the Hutus and Tutsis? Can peace ever be restored? Some answers ..."
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monarch, the elected Chief governed a province that was divided into multiple districts. Two other officials appointed by head Chief governed the districts; one official was allocated power over the land while the other oversaw cattle. The
3448:). Drummers play together in groups of varying sizes, usually between seven and nine in number. The country has a growing popular music industry, influenced by African Great Lakes, Congolese, and American music. The most popular genre is
2449:
per 100 people, up from 2.1 in 2007. In 2011, a 2,300-kilometre (1,400 mi) fibre-optic telecommunications network was completed, intended to provide broadband services and facilitate electronic commerce. This network is connected to
2143:
was destroyed in the aftermath of the genocide of 1994, as national parks were turned into camps for displaced people and the remaining animals were poisoned by cattle herders. In June 2015, two South African parks donated seven lions to
3189:
In recent years Rwanda has seen improvement on a number of key health indicators. Between 2005 and 2013, life expectancy increased from 55.2 to 64.0, under-5 mortality decreased from 106.4 to 52.0 per 1,000 live births, and incidence of
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officials have expressed support for the rights of LGBT people; however, no special legislative protections are afforded to LGBT people, who may be arrested by the police under various laws dealing with public order and morality.
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system, while others run to a schedule, offering express routes between the major cities. There are a smaller number of large buses, which operate a scheduled service around the country. The principal private hire vehicle is the
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Traditional arts and crafts are produced throughout the country, although most originated as functional items rather than purely for decoration. Woven baskets and bowls are especially common, notably the basket style of the
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continuously since the end of the civil war in 1994. Although Rwanda is nominally democratic, elections are manipulated in various ways, which include banning opposition parties, arresting or assassinating critics, and
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provinces. In 2010, the United Nations released a report accusing the Rwandan army of committing wide scale human rights violations and crimes against humanity in the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the
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discourages the Hutu/Tutsi/Twa distinction, and has removed such classification from identity cards. The 2002 census was the first since 1933 which did not categorise Rwandan population into the three groups.
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farmers, decreasing their productivity. Strategic Foresight also characterise Rwanda as a fast warming country, with an increase in average temperature of between 0.7 °C to 0.9 °C over fifty years.
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for the scheme. There is no public water transport between the port cities on Lake Kivu, although a limited private service exists and the government has initiated a programme to develop a full service. The
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The quality of healthcare in Rwanda has historically been very low, both before and immediately after the 1994 genocide. In 1998, more than one in five children died before their fifth birthday, often from
2155:
Similarly, the white rhino population is growing in Rwanda. In 2021, Rwanda received 30 white rhinos from South Africa with the goal of Akagera being a safe breeding ground for the near-threatened species.
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am, during which all able bodied people between 18 and 65 are expected to carry out community tasks such as cleaning streets or building homes for vulnerable people. Most normal services close down during
3423:
and dance are an integral part of Rwandan ceremonies, festivals, social gatherings and storytelling. The most famous traditional dance is a highly choreographed routine consisting of three components: the
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Eighteen endangered black rhinos were brought to Rwanda in 2017 from South Africa. After positive results, five more black rhinos were delivered to Akagera National Park from zoos all over Europe in 2019.
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fibre-optic cable connecting communication carriers in southern and eastern Africa. Within Rwanda the cables run along major roads, linking towns around the country. Mobile provider MTN also runs a
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The largest radio and television stations are state-run, and the majority of newspapers are owned by the government. Most Rwandans have access to radio; during the 1994 genocide, the radio station
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2676:, and the country is served by seven foreign airlines. As of 2015 the country had no railways, but there is a project underway, in conjunction with Burundi and Tanzania, to extend the Tanzanian
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1601:, and regional courts, while specialised courts are military courts and a system of commercial courts created in 2011 to expedite commercial litigations. Between 2004 and 2012, a system of
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was spoken as well. The return of English-speaking Rwandan refugees in the 1990s added a new dimension to the country's language policy, and the repositioning of Rwanda as a member of the
6753:
3711:, made from bananas, and a soft drink called Umutobe which is banana juice; these popular drinks feature in traditional rituals and ceremonies. The major drinks manufacturer in Rwanda is
3388:, street vendors, sex workers, homeless people, and beggars. They have also documented the use of torture in safe houses and other facilities, such as Kami military camp, Kwa Gacinya and
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1359:: Hutu activists began killing Tutsi and destroying their houses, forcing more than 100,000 people to seek refuge in neighbouring countries. In 1961, the suddenly pro-Hutu Belgians held
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in 2013, compared with 1.9% in 1996. The government has devolved the financing and management of healthcare to local communities, through a system of health insurance providers called
1991:
ecoregion. It has an elevation of 1,500 to 2,500 metres (4,921 to 8,202 ft). The centre of the country is predominantly rolling hills, while the eastern border region consists of
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3040:, all with populations below 100,000. The urban population rose from 6% of the population in 1990, to 16.6% in 2006; by 2011, however, the proportion had dropped slightly, to 14.8%.
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By 1994, Rwanda's population stood at more than 7 million people comprising 3 ethnic groups: the Hutu (who made up roughly 85% of the population), the Tutsi (14%), and the Twa (1%).
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3350:. English was reported to be spoken by 15% of the population in 2009, though the same report found the proportion of French-speakers to be 68%. Swahili is spoken by fewer than 1%.
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997:. The Kingdom of Rwanda dominated from the mid-eighteenth century, with the Tutsi kings conquering others militarily, centralising power, and enacting unifying policies. In 1897,
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2163:, with variation between the east and the west. Nyungwe Forest, in the west, has 280 recorded species, of which 26 are endemic to the Albertine Rift; endemic species include the
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was the largest station and the main source of news throughout the country. Television access is limited, with most homes not having their own set. The government rolled out
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2148:, reestablishing a lion population in Rwanda. The lions were held initially in a fenced-off area of the park, and then collared and released into the wild a month later.
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of the tournament, but narrowly failed to advance beyond the group stages. The team have failed to qualify for the competition since, and have never qualified for the
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and did not correspond to ethnic boundaries or pre-colonial kingdoms. Within the Banyarwanda people, there are three separate groups, the Hutu, Tutsi and Twa. The CIA
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3178:. This initiative aimed to help get the most necessary materials for prevention of malaria to the most rural areas of Rwanda, such as mosquito nets and medication.
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government are widely available in Kigali. Restrictions were increased in the run-up to the Rwandan presidential election of 2010, with two independent newspapers,
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is a fast-growing sector and is now the country's leading foreign exchange earner. As of the most recent survey in 2019/20, 48.8% of the population is affected by
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and are often considered descendants of Rwanda's earliest inhabitants. Christianity is the largest religion in the country; the principal and national language is
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clan, became increasingly dominant from the mid-eighteenth century. The kingdom reached its greatest extent during the nineteenth century under the reign of King
993:, and then into kingdoms. In the 15th century, one kingdom, under King Gihanga, managed to incorporate several of its close neighbor territories establishing the
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3219:, travellers to Rwanda are highly recommended to take preventive malaria medication as well as make sure they are up to date with vaccines such as yellow fever.
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has described "significant health challenges", including the rate of maternal mortality, which it describes as "unacceptably high", as well as the ongoing
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Williams, Timothy P.; Abbott, Pamela; Mupenzi, Alfred (2015). "'Education at our school is not free': the hidden costs of fee-free schooling in Rwanda".
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At 26,338 square kilometres (10,169 sq mi), Rwanda is the world's 149th-largest country, and the fourth smallest on the African mainland after
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18753:
17280:
17203:
17121:
17037:
17032:
15247:
14678:
10603:
10389:
10055:
9945:
7082:
3514:. Many of the country's moral values and details of history have been passed down through the generations. The most famous Rwandan literary figure was
3208:
15154:
14446:
14425:
14404:
12360:
11234:
2342:
in 2010. Revenue from tourism was US$ 303 million in 2014, up from just US$ 62 million in 2000. The largest contributor to this revenue was
1068:
and predominantly rural; Rwanda has one of the youngest populations in the world. Rwandans are drawn from just one cultural and linguistic group, the
18788:
17239:
17188:
10101:
8842:"The Benefits of the English Language for Individuals and Societies: Quantitative Indicators from Cameroon, Nigeria, Rwanda, Bangladesh and Pakistan"
2567:
2335:
restaurants, transport, storage, communication, insurance, real estate, business services and public administration including education and health.
14073:
12158:
6140:
6113:
2672:, to the south of Kigali, which will become the country's largest when it opens, complementing the existing Kigali airport. The national carrier is
2631:, accounting for more than half of all passenger carrying capacity. Some minibuses, particularly in Kigali, operate an unscheduled service, under a
2240:
and an additional 22.7% vulnerable to it. Major export markets include China, Germany, and the United States. The economy is managed by the central
1265:, in which Tutsi patrons ceded cattle, and therefore privileged status, to Hutu or Tutsi clients in exchange for economic and personal service, and
16914:
16611:
12593:
11995:
10579:
2417:
631:
18009:
9087:
4249:
1664:; the Congolese army alleged Rwandan attacks on their troops, while Rwanda blamed the Congolese government for failing to suppress Hutu rebels in
17275:
14759:
14123:
13711:
13672:
13513:
11056:
3334:
1553:. It makes legislation and is empowered by the constitution to oversee the activities of the president and the Cabinet. The lower chamber is the
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6745:
1296:
social structure of the country, but exerted influence by supporting the king and the existing hierarchy, and delegating power to local chiefs.
17502:
15183:
15113:
13406:
12569:
11882:
3426:
3346:
2381:
1140:
14474:
14090:
13285:
11788:
11685:
11571:
7658:
17083:
16040:
15354:
13907:
10765:
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has dropped from 101 to 69 per 100,000 people. The country's progress in healthcare has been cited by the international media and charities.
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At 445 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,150/sq mi), Rwanda's population density is amongst the highest in Africa. Historians such as
1136:
753:
18004:
11285:
18783:
18645:
18640:
18146:
17126:
16419:
12945:
12409:
11387:
9841:
8730:
6715:
6611:
6420:
5910:
4619:
3752:
3498:, a unique cow dung art, is produced in the southeast of Rwanda, with a history dating back to when the region was part of the independent
1412:
803:
14288:
14263:
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13261:
13186:
12869:
12700:
11415:
10688:
10470:
10441:
9921:
8023:
18768:
18050:
17380:
17106:
17027:
17022:
14189:
13103:
12844:
12775:
12725:
12208:
11733:
11546:
10738:
10713:
10424:
10028:
9970:
3701:
2413:
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909.9 in 2022, compared with $ 127 in 1994. As of the most recent survey in 2019/20, 48.8% of the population continues to be affected by
14583:
13140:
12800:
12539:
12294:
12131:
11150:
10627:
4275:
2440:
penetration in the country is 72.6%, up from 41.6% in 2011. MTN Rwanda is the leading provider, with 3,957,986 subscribers, followed by
1257:. Rwabugiri conquered several smaller states, expanded the kingdom west and north, and initiated administrative reforms; these included
18137:
17136:
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10365:
8726:
3216:
3043:
Rwanda has been a unified state since pre-colonial times, and the population is drawn from just one cultural and linguistic group, the
2985:
2808:
1537:, negotiating and ratifying treaties, signing presidential orders, and declaring war or a state of emergency. The president is elected
1432:
600:
14779:
11086:
10173:
17493:
17060:
14945:
14599:
12413:
11268:
10958:
10816:
10786:
9045:
5448:
Stroh, Alexander (2010). "Electoral rules of the authoritarian game: undemocratic effects of proportional representation in Rwanda".
3662:
3507:) are the most common. The government has initiated a programme to replace these with more modern materials such as corrugated iron.
3112:
rate, defined as those aged 15 or over who can read and write, was 78.8% in 2022, up from 71% in 2009, 58% in 1991, and 38% in 1978.
2566:
provided 90% of the country's electricity. A combination of below average rainfall and human activity, including the draining of the
1938:
along most of the length of Rwanda's western border, and with a maximum depth of 480 metres (1,575 ft), it is one of the twenty
1898:
runs from north to south through Rwanda, with around 80% of the country's area draining into the Nile and 20% into the Congo via the
1355:. Tensions escalated between the Tutsi, who favoured early independence, and the Hutu emancipation movement, culminating in the 1959
701:
13206:
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is made from mashed cassava leaves and can be served with dried fish, rice, ugali, potatoes etc. Lunch is usually a buffet known as
15438:
15310:
14360:
13935:
13047:
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3499:
1017:
in 1959. They massacred numerous Tutsi and ultimately established an independent, Hutu-dominated republic in 1962 led by President
211:
13241:
6946:"Anthropogenic modification of forests means only 40% of remaining forests have high ecosystem integrity – Supplementary Material"
5119:
2128:
arboreal monkeys; the Ruwenzori colobus move in groups of up to 400 individuals, the largest troop size of any primate in Africa.
18014:
17323:
17131:
16842:
16355:
15520:
14987:
14966:
14728:
14703:
14377:
13051:
11521:
10194:
10152:
4585:
13724:
12175:
6806:
3096:, only the English syllabi are now offered. The country has a number of institutions of tertiary education. In 2013, the public
18728:
17270:
16976:
15620:
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11367:
3544:
1975:" in French ("Land of a thousand hills"). They are part of the Albertine Rift Mountains that flank the Albertine branch of the
14630:
13621:
10278:
10257:
10236:
10215:
3648:(manioc). Many Rwandans do not eat meat more than a few times a month. For those who live near lakes and have access to fish,
3264:, but there have been significant changes in the nation's religious demographics since the genocide, with many conversions to
3222:
Rwanda also has a shortage of medical professionals, with only 0.84 physicians, nurses, and midwives per 1,000 residents. The
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16902:
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14843:
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13372:
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11598:
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10341:
10299:
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9785:
8996:
7406:
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See also Helmut Strizek, "Geschenkte Kolonien: Ruanda und Burundi unter deutscher Herrschaft", Berlin: Ch. Links Verlag, 2006
4405:
4321:
4243:
2540:
2485:
13214:
The Report of International Panel of Eminent Personalities to Investigate the 1994 Genocide in Rwanda and Surrounding Events
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12652:
12244:
12047:
11947:
11910:
11604:
11448:
11123:
10920:
10003:
4940:
3312:, which was introduced by Belgium from 1916 and remained an official and widely spoken language after independence in 1962.
17305:
17294:
17055:
16604:
15581:
14336:
11318:
11031:
10495:
9865:
4589:
3931:
3223:
2202:
1681:, charges denied by the Rwandan government. Relations soured further in 2012, as Kinshasa accused Rwanda of supporting the
9819:
African Development Bank (AfDB); Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Development Centre (2006).
2257:
2064:
occupied one-third of the territory of present-day Rwanda. Naturally occurring vegetation is now mostly restricted to the
17390:
17385:
17116:
17111:
16944:
15759:
14213:
13838:
12631:
12558:
3705:, is a common drink throughout the country. Other drinks include a traditional beer called Ikigage made from sorghum and
2686:
2206:
18684:
15227:
14555:
14504:
13768:
12610:
12311:
11329:
8841:
4340:
Beswick, Danielle (2011). "Aiding State Building and Sacrificing Peace Building? The Rwanda–UK relationship 1994–2011".
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18733:
16949:
15434:
13817:
13741:
12093:
11780:
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10320:
7801:
3510:
Rwanda does not have a long history of written literature, but there is a strong oral tradition ranging from poetry to
2384:
broadcast across the country, and helped to fuel the killings through anti-Tutsi propaganda. As of 2015, the state-run
1918:; the Kagera then flows due north along the eastern border with Tanzania. The Nyabarongo-Kagera eventually drains into
734:
15334:
14878:
14312:
10866:
10841:
3849:
has been growing in popularity, as a result of refugees returned from Kenya, where they had learned to play the game.
3207:
Despite these improvements, however, the country's health profile remains dominated by communicable diseases, and the
1732:) exercised control through a system of provinces, districts, hills, and neighbourhoods. As of 2003, the constitution
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16033:
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12112:
11355:
10983:
9886:
7209:
7183:
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1849:
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In rural areas, many bars have a brochette seller responsible for tending and slaughtering the goats, skewering and
18363:
17600:
17285:
17218:
17208:
17144:
17004:
16366:
16124:
15985:
15533:
14140:
4479:
4389:
Four. Imagining a Modern Rwanda: Sociotechnological Imaginaries, Information Technology, and the Postgenocide State
3987:
3304:, which is virtually spoken by the entire country (98%). The major European languages during the colonial era were
2798:
2210:
1857:
1856:
at 950 metres (3,117 ft) above sea level. Rwanda is located in Central/Eastern Africa, and is bordered by the
1653:
1391:(RPF), a rebel group composed of Tutsi refugees, invaded northern Rwanda from their base in Uganda, initiating the
1360:
1344:
943:
16733:
13689:
13650:
13386:
12750:
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2432:
serving an additional 15,497 fixed line subscribers. Landlines are mostly used by government institutions, banks,
18743:
17360:
16759:
16597:
13505:
3951:
3927:
3923:
3436:, or dance of heroes, performed by men; and the drumming, also traditionally performed by men, on drums known as
15130:
15067:
15004:
14899:
12377:
8471:
5525:
4387:
3272:. According to the 2012 census, Catholic Christians represented 43.7% of the population, Protestants (excluding
2539:, and residents are forced to use water very sparingly, relative to usage in other African countries. Access to
1987:, Rwanda's highest point, at 4,507 metres (14,787 ft). This western section of the country lies within the
1181:
which followed, up to around 3000 BC. Archaeological excavations have revealed evidence of sparse settlement by
1092:, spoken by native Rwandans, with English, French and Swahili serving as additional official foreign languages.
18590:
18499:
18130:
18065:
18040:
17213:
16931:
16620:
15554:
12501:
8623:
3926:
has been growing in prominence since the mid-2000s, with the men's team qualifying for the final stages of the
2669:
2454:
2237:
2198:
1988:
1116:
1013:. Both European nations ruled through the Rwandan king and perpetuated a pro-Tutsi policy. The Hutu population
682:
13161:
10512:
10411:
The Earth as Transformed by Human Action: Global and Regional Changes in the Biosphere Over the Past 300 Years
6211:
1369:
1022:
18758:
17486:
17437:
17265:
17253:
16996:
16908:
16635:
15088:
15046:
15025:
14920:
14744:
13202:
8900:
3935:
3817:
3101:
2657:
2543:
remains low; the United Nations estimates that in 2006, 34% of urban and 20% of rural dwellers had access to
2450:
1572:
886:
17745:
16270:
15255:
15163:
14674:
12352:
10607:
10385:
9941:
7090:
18738:
17352:
17315:
17290:
17101:
16954:
16859:
16771:
16026:
15825:
15764:
15747:
15654:
15303:"Continued reforms and technical assistance should help Rwanda in its efforts to achieve a dynamic economy"
14450:
14429:
14408:
12969:
11681:
11661:
11212:
3227:
2649:
2371:
1554:
852:
460:
394:
14650:
10093:
18584:
18493:
17796:
17328:
17065:
16964:
16835:
15891:
15710:
15669:
15549:
15513:
15411:
14069:
12148:
11492:
4547:
4511:
3943:
2433:
1562:
1475:
1322:
862:
10583:
7053:
112:
17375:
17180:
16887:
15849:
15754:
15326:
14205:
13617:
12042:
4233:
2681:
1702:
1685:, an insurgency in the eastern Congo. As of 2015, peace has been restored and relations are improving.
1618:
1416:
830:
14748:
14115:
13509:
11260:
11066:
5761:
1292:
18123:
17333:
15954:
15876:
15727:
15243:
15203:
15150:
13968:
13931:
13382:
8061:
3699:
the meat, and serving it with grilled bananas. Milk, particularly in a fermented yoghurt form called
3564:
3441:
2972:
2900:
2882:
2864:
2846:
2248:; in December 2023, the exchange rate was 1250 francs to one United States dollar. Rwanda joined the
1907:
1783:
1779:
1309:
13414:
11890:
9845:
9049:
7440:
18650:
18158:
17585:
17479:
17370:
17014:
16872:
16744:
16660:
16109:
15774:
15769:
15664:
15649:
15298:
14467:
14098:
13289:
11145:
9800:"Boosting Rwanda's Energy Sector: AfDB, other Lenders Commit USD 91.25 million to Kivuwatt Project"
9795:
7650:
3863:
2954:
2936:
2918:
2828:
2743:
2680:
into Rwanda; the three countries have invited expressions of interest from private firms to form a
2065:
1979:, which runs from north to south along Rwanda's western border. The highest peaks are found in the
1923:
1791:
1787:
1586:
1542:
1352:
409:
12988:
Sport and Development Policy in Africa: Results of a Collaborative Study of Selected Country Cases
11784:
10755:
7388:
2323:, which is used in the manufacture of electronic and communication devices such as mobile phones.
18510:
18150:
18045:
17471:
17442:
17432:
17170:
15871:
15800:
15659:
15564:
14787:
8722:
5534:
4645:
3919:
3907:
3903:
3093:
2677:
2359:
2264:
2241:
2233:
2160:
2125:
2085:
2049:
1723:
1649:
1594:
1505:
1455:
1444:
1396:
1388:
1297:
1128:
1096:
1030:
781:
659:
31:
15109:
12912:"The third Integrated Household Living Conditions Survey (EICV 3) – Main indicators Report"
11391:
9088:""As Long as We Live on the Streets, They Will Beat Us": Rwanda's Abusive Detention of Children"
5904:
5485:"Rwanda and Ethiopia: Developmental Authoritarianism and the New Politics of African Strong Men"
4615:
2771:
1403:
near Kigali Airport, killing him. The shooting down of the plane served as the catalyst for the
1045:
that spanned one hundred days. The RPF ended the genocide with a military victory in July 1994.
18595:
18035:
17868:
17460:
17427:
17338:
17047:
16892:
16828:
15896:
15861:
15715:
15700:
15506:
14280:
14255:
14230:
14185:
13178:
12985:
Ndengeye, Joseph (2014). "Country Report: Rwanda". In Keim, Marion; de Coning, Christo (eds.).
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12692:
11538:
11408:
10680:
10462:
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are the most popular food when eating out in the evening, usually made from goat but sometimes
3378:
3359:
3330:
3317:
3273:
3158:
3105:
3089:
3048:
2706:
2249:
1939:
1733:
1645:
1534:
1144:
998:
709:
653:
618:
572:
118:
17:
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12200:
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11140:
10730:
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10406:
10020:
9962:
4313:
3344:
French was spoken by slightly under 6% of the population according to the 2012 census and the
3204:
described the health gains "among the most dramatic the world has seen in the last 50 years".
2100:
dominates the flora. There are several rare or endangered plant species in Akagera, including
1365:
1332:
1026:
18615:
18568:
18353:
17605:
17193:
17165:
16129:
15820:
15720:
14575:
13314:
13120:
13070:
12792:
12532:
12286:
12153:
11567:
10631:
10361:
3853:, traditionally seen largely as a mode of transport in Rwanda, is also growing in popularity
3724:
3363:
2648:
services are available to various destinations in neighbouring countries. The country has an
2145:
2069:
1963:
1431:. Within Rwanda, a period of reconciliation and justice began, with the establishment of the
373:
14605:. U.S. Department of State's Country Reports on Human Rights Practices. 2016. Archived from
13318:
12512:
11757:"Gross domestic product based on purchasing-power-parity (PPP) per capita GDP, Rwanda, 1994"
10884:"RwandAir plans further regional expansion in 2015 and launch of long-haul services in 2017"
8211:
8209:
5524:
Waldorf, Lars (2017). "The Apotheosis of a Warlord: Paul Kagame". In Themnér, Anders (ed.).
3560:, the last four having been filmed in Rwanda and having featured survivors as cast members.
2998:
2652:
at Kigali that serves several international destinations, the busiest routes being those to
1018:
18535:
17842:
17160:
16589:
15886:
15737:
15732:
15401:
13960:
13179:"Digital TV is opening the floodgates of opportunities for local content producers – Watta"
11488:
11464:
11359:
10806:
10169:
9861:
6957:
4926:
Rwanda Before the Genocide: Catholic Politics and Ethnic Discourse in the Late Colonial Era
4123:
3959:
3887:
3826:
3538:
3384:
Since 2006, Human Rights Watch has documented that Rwandan authorities round up and detain
3171:
3154:
3121:
3097:
3080:
3057:
2536:
2331:
2172:
1546:
1479:
1178:
429:
55:
14835:
Friends and Foes Volume II: Friendship and Conflict from Social and Political Perspectives
14606:
12939:"Fourth Population and Housing Census, Rwanda, 2012—Final Results: Main indicators report"
11264:
8043:
8041:
4501:
2761:
1910:, which rises in the south-west, flows north, east, and southeast before merging with the
1517:. The RPF is a Tutsi-dominated party but receives support from other communities as well.
1447:
have grown rapidly; between 2006 and 2011 the poverty rate reduced from 57% to 45%, while
1245:. By 1700, around eight kingdoms had existed in the present-day Rwanda. One of these, the
8:
18476:
18418:
18168:
18115:
18081:
17898:
16387:
16370:
15934:
15866:
15835:
15705:
15637:
14941:
14065:
13340:
13217:
10988:
8805:
8206:
3736:
3295:
3277:
3070:
2748:
2640:; in 2013 there were 9,609 registered motorcycle taxis in Rwanda, compared with just 579
2592:
2544:
2477:
2346:
tracking, in the Volcanoes National Park; Rwanda is one of only three countries in which
2108:
1811:
1747:
1737:
1708:
1550:
1538:
1522:
1254:
1170:
919:
836:
587:
16684:
15302:
13939:
8092:
8080:
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of Kigali, having won 13 of the last 17 championships. Rwandan clubs participate in the
3652:
is popular. The potato, thought to have been introduced to Rwanda by German and Belgian
3181:
2509:
Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
1443:, a traditional village court system. Since 2000 Rwanda's economy, tourist numbers, and
415:
98:
18086:
17883:
17411:
17364:
16665:
16643:
15939:
15901:
15688:
15674:
15593:
15571:
15406:
15350:
14820:
14356:
14141:"A survey of the praying mantises of Rwanda, including new records (Insecta, Mantodea)"
13281:
13237:
12563:"Ministry of Infrastructure Final Report on Transport Sector Strategic Plan for EDPRS2"
12531:
Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN), Republic of Rwanda (June 2002).
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provides that "nly civil monogamous marriage between a man and a woman is recognized".
3244:
3232:
3201:
2554:
Rwanda's electricity supply was, until the early 2000s, generated almost entirely from
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2040:
1622:
1558:
1471:
1356:
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907:
533:
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1922:, and its source in Nyungwe Forest is a contender for the as-yet undetermined overall
18515:
17888:
17625:
17198:
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16572:
16145:
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15605:
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12677:
12455:"Flashback to terror: Survivors of Rwandan genocide watch screening of Shooting Dogs"
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12089:
12070:
11970:
11937:
11840:
11651:
11627:
11594:
11438:
11314:
11192:
11113:
10910:
10665:
10567:
10414:
10097:
10078:
9993:
9826:
9781:
7402:
6993:
6975:
6926:
6908:
6807:"Conservationists flew 30 white rhinos to Rwanda in a huge operation to protect them"
5538:
5510:
5469:
4930:
4463:
4401:
4369:
4357:
4317:
4239:
3992:
3842:
3838:
3813:
3604:
3579:
3401:
3374:
2624:
2458:
2338:
2222:
2168:
2121:
2053:
2008:
1980:
1976:
1884:
1757:
1530:
1392:
1280:
1246:
1242:
1205:
hunter-gatherers who remain in Rwanda today. Between 700 BC and 1500 AD, a number of
1156:
1112:
1034:
994:
911:
481:
468:
15427:
11363:
3007:
1617:
Rwanda has low corruption levels relative to most other African countries; in 2014,
18666:
18635:
18605:
18505:
18453:
18343:
16877:
15881:
15815:
15627:
15615:
15598:
15417:
14812:
14626:
14152:
13807:
13625:
11813:
11804:
Jefremovas, Villia (1995). "Acts of Human Kindness: Tutsi, Hutu and the Genocide".
10547:
10337:
10316:
10295:
10274:
10253:
10232:
10211:
7394:
6983:
6965:
6916:
6898:
6444:
6442:
5496:
5457:
4393:
4349:
4075:
4069:
4019:
3891:
3883:
3715:, which was established in the 1950s, a Heineken partner, and is now listed on the
3322:
3125:
3012:
2576:
2481:
2465:
2347:
2343:
2187:
2117:
2018:
1969:
Mountains dominate central and western Rwanda and the country is sometimes called "
1802:
is a provincial-level authority, which coordinates urban planning within the city.
1678:
1661:
1428:
1404:
1348:
1060:
1042:
923:
761:
264:
254:
83:
11217:
11014:
10937:
10538:
Boyd, J. Barron (December 1979). "African Boundary Conflict: An Empirical Study".
9617:
9615:
8988:
1328:
1059:
as President since 2000. The country has been governed by a series of centralized
18723:
18544:
18388:
18030:
17680:
16648:
16565:
16474:
16061:
15994:
15959:
15949:
15944:
15924:
15742:
15450:
14854:
14833:
14816:
14020:
13999:
13460:
13362:
12986:
12886:
12459:
12433:
12228:
12224:
12064:
12037:
11964:
11931:
11914:
11834:
11621:
11588:
11432:
11388:"Welcome to the International Organisation of La Francophonie's official website"
11383:
11107:
11082:
10904:
10659:
10072:
10050:
9987:
9820:
9777:
9771:
8975:
6427:
4924:
4353:
4013:
3895:
3804:
3526:. A number of films have been produced about the Rwandan Genocide, including the
3523:
3519:
3420:
3385:
3309:
3305:
3269:
3157:
development programme, boosting spending on health care to 6.5% of the country's
3134:
2710:
2661:
2645:
2637:
2424:
networks across eastern and southern Africa. As of 2015, Liquid Telecom provides
2375:
2352:
2263:
Rwanda is a country of few natural resources, and the economy is based mostly on
2164:
2102:
2076:, the largest remaining tract of forest, contains 200 species of tree as well as
1984:
1903:
1674:
1657:
1641:
1514:
1501:
1448:
1424:
1423:, fearing reprisals; additionally, the RPF-led army was a key belligerent in the
1318:
1234:
1198:
1182:
1081:
1065:
1052:
990:
974:
951:
444:
335:
304:
69:
15475:
14332:
10487:
9675:
6776:"White rhinos flown from South Africa to Rwanda in largest single translocation"
6439:
2583:
2003:
18600:
18525:
18433:
17878:
16882:
16867:
16511:
16495:
15929:
14352:
14328:
14304:
13834:
13795:
12319:
Strengthening Sport for Development and Peace: National Policies and Strategies
11727:"An approach to the Poverty Reduction Action Plan for Rwanda: The Interim PRSP"
10649:
9612:
8938:
6970:
3947:
3748:
3637:
3569:
3313:
2991:
2931:
2596:
2327:
2253:
2073:
2061:
2027:
1935:
1895:
1633:
1583:
1579:
1459:
1227:
1132:
1124:
559:
259:
104:
14209:
14156:
13812:
12651:
Ministry of Sports and Culture, Republic of Rwanda (MINISPOC) (October 2012).
12635:
12230:
When Victims Become Killers: Colonialism, Nativism, and the Genocide in Rwanda
6746:"Rwanda Just Pulled Off the Largest Transport of Rhinos From Europe to Africa"
5461:
4397:
3962:
for Central and East African teams, sponsored since 2002 by President Kagame.
3744:
3047:; this contrasts with most modern African states, whose borders were drawn by
18717:
18699:
18686:
17801:
17650:
16851:
16577:
16185:
15805:
15576:
15479:
15445:
15273:"Maintenance of Hydropower Potential in Rwanda Through Ecosystem Restoration"
15223:
15199:
14551:
14497:
14447:"Millennium Development Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases"
13908:"Lions to be reintroduced to Rwanda after 15-year absence following genocide"
13136:
12614:
8817:
6979:
6912:
5749:
4467:
4361:
4229:
3979:
3879:
3780:
3556:
3515:
3326:
2694:
2690:
2555:
2445:
2245:
1919:
1682:
1637:
1590:
1526:
1340:
1313:
1284:
1222:
1206:
1202:
1169:
Modern human settlement of what is now Rwanda dates from, at the latest, the
1164:
1120:
986:
879:
814:
507:
377:
226:
213:
15460:
14853:
Wiredu, Kwasi; Abraham, William E.; Irele, Abiola; Menkiti, Ifeanyi (2006).
11472:
7793:
6903:
4308:
Waldorf, Lars (2005). "Rwanda's failing experiment in restorative justice".
3108:
for tertiary education in Rwanda was 7.9%, from 3.6% in 2006. The country's
2275:
Rwanda produced 2.6 million tonnes of banana in 2019, its largest cash crop.
1625:
and 55th-cleanest out of 175 in the world. The constitution provides for an
18461:
18393:
18378:
17555:
16803:
16717:
16295:
16285:
16089:
14882:
14308:
14164:
12588:
Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), Republic of Rwanda (9 August 2017).
11364:"Special Report: FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to Rwanda"
11334:
11239:
10760:
10517:
9891:
7881:
6997:
6930:
6543:
6541:
3930:
four times in a row since 2007. The country bid unsuccessfully to host the
3641:
3532:
3527:
3511:
3338:
3196:
3191:
3104:
and the country's other public higher education institutions. In 2013, the
2572:
2563:
2437:
2385:
2292:
2283:(green bananas), which occupy more than a third of the country's farmland,
2180:
2131:
1962:, the last being the largest of a string of lakes in the eastern plains of
1947:
1915:
1911:
1899:
1853:
1602:
1375:
1131:(one of few member states that does not have any historical links with the
1085:
964:
380:
323:
274:
148:
12963:
12936:
12909:
12674:
Thirty-One Nil: On the Road With Football's Outsiders, A World Cup Odyssey
12630:
Ministry of Local Government (MINALOC), Republic of Rwanda (August 2007).
12262:"Newly discovered bush tiger praying mantis in Rwanda is a vicious hunter"
11620:
Hoye, Russell; Smith, Aaron C.T; Nicholson, Matthew; Stewart, Bob (2015).
11009:
Commission Juridique Et Constitutionnelle Du Rwanda (CJCR) (26 May 2003).
9028:
9026:
8811:
8215:
8098:
8086:
8047:
7205:
7179:
6490:
5378:
3075:
2256:
amongst the seven member nations, which could eventually lead to a common
2186:
Recent entomological work in the country has revealed a rich diversity of
18620:
18358:
18328:
18178:
17958:
17760:
17740:
17660:
16469:
16300:
16190:
13742:"Statistics and tariff information in telecom sector as of December 2011"
13580:
12127:
12016:
9639:
9561:
7180:"From genocide to growth: Rwanda's remarkable economic turnaround – GE63"
3854:
3740:
3630:
produced by subsistence agriculture such as bananas, plantains (known as
3627:
3301:
3265:
3261:
3044:
2632:
2559:
2548:
2421:
2412:, went into liquidation in 2011, having been 80% owned by Libyan company
2312:
2229:
1951:
1943:
1888:
1529:, and has broad powers including creating policy in conjunction with the
1509:
1489:
1305:
1119:
and an additional 22.7% vulnerable to it. The country is a member of the
1089:
1069:
1056:
1010:
915:
453:
438:
400:
286:
249:
10413:(Illustrated, Reprint ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
8358:
8356:
7398:
6538:
6331:
6329:
6327:
6325:
5501:
5484:
5120:"Independence Day: Did Rwanda really gain independence on July 1, 1962?"
4475:
4451:
1308:, and later, in 1922, they started to rule both Rwanda and Burundi as a
18630:
18373:
18313:
18243:
18183:
17933:
17928:
17822:
17755:
17695:
17685:
17675:
17580:
17406:
16798:
16676:
16376:
16280:
16245:
16230:
16215:
16170:
16104:
14874:
14832:
Watson, Graeme; Renzi, Barbara Gabriella; Viggiani, Elisabetta (2010).
13681:
13642:
13157:
13043:
12013:"Over a Million Tourists Help Rwanda's Tourism Revenue Cross US$ 300m"
11825:
11434:
We Wish To Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed With Our Families
9032:
Spartacus International Gay Guide, p. 1216. Bruno Gmunder Verlag, 2007.
9023:
7835:
7833:
7831:
6057:
5527:
Warlord Democrats in Africa: Ex-Military Leaders and Electoral Politics
3834:
3830:
3720:
3406:
2429:
2316:
2271:
2213:
mean score of 3.85/10, ranking it 139th globally out of 172 countries.
2023:
1959:
1955:
1892:
1877:
1669:
1665:
329:
16453:
12480:
Ministry of Agriculture (MINAGRI), Republic of Rwanda (10 June 2006).
10559:
9115:
9113:
8059:
7869:
7490:
6887:"An Ecoregion-Based Approach to Protecting Half the Terrestrial Realm"
5836:
2611:; the country's most important trade route is the road to the port of
2461:
service accessible in most areas of Kigali via pre-paid subscription.
18610:
18560:
18485:
18398:
18383:
18308:
18173:
17918:
17913:
17858:
17700:
16689:
16235:
14670:
13769:"Statistics and tariff information in telecom sector as of June 2015"
13257:
11991:
American Association of Collegiate Registrars and Admissions Officers
10381:
10357:
9056:
8368:
8353:
6322:
4276:"Rwanda's economic growth could be derailed by its autocratic regime"
3728:
3685:
3469:
3453:
3254:
3029:
3021:
2949:
2877:
2409:
2120:
population. Nyungwe Forest boasts thirteen primate species including
2092:
and moorland, with small areas of forest. By contrast, Akagera has a
2015:
1931:
1713:
1626:
1321:, promoted Tutsi supremacy, considering the Hutu and Tutsi different
1186:
1174:
1108:
978:
947:
13886:. National Unity and Reconciliation Commission, Republic of Rwanda.
11817:
11087:"Niyonshuti to carry Rwandan flag in Olympic Games opening ceremony"
8619:
7828:
7816:
6341:
3870:
3859:
Land of Second Chances: The Impossible Rise of Rwanda's Cycling Team
3674:-like consistency that is eaten throughout the African Great Lakes.
3670:) is common, a paste made from cassava or maize and water to form a
3609:
3079:
Children in a Rwandan primary school, using laptops supplied by the
1816:
1272:
18779:
Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
18573:
18403:
18338:
18298:
18293:
18278:
18228:
18223:
18208:
18198:
18188:
18060:
17984:
17953:
17948:
17615:
17610:
17570:
17565:
17550:
16694:
16653:
16335:
16310:
16160:
16155:
16134:
16099:
16084:
16005:
15421:
15184:"Sharing the burden of sickness: mutual health insurance in Rwanda"
14724:
14699:
14654:
13680:
Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) (Chapter 5) (2009).
13641:
Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) (Chapter 2) (2009).
12609:
Ministry of Local Government (MINALOC), Republic of Rwanda (2004).
11676:
11517:
10623:
10599:
10575:
10551:
10491:
10144:
9681:
9322:
9320:
9110:
8169:
8167:
7951:
7949:
6432:
6203:
4131:
3776:
3712:
3696:
3671:
3574:
3494:
3212:
3153:
President Kagame has made healthcare one of the priorities for the
3109:
2913:
2859:
2813:
2673:
2665:
2425:
1865:
1833:
1829:
1568:
1497:
1484:
1250:
1190:
982:
935:
874:
818:
17501:
15498:
14064:
13531:"Institutes of higher learning to merge with University of Rwanda"
11779:
11496:
10117:
Baringanire, Paul; Malik, Kabir; Banerjee, Sudeshna Ghosh (2014).
9621:
9513:
9305:
8944:
7717:
7198:
6636:
6478:
6353:
6141:"Uganda, Rwanda Hold Talks On Security Concerns, Reopening Border"
3249:
3130:
2526:
2507:. The reason given is: Sanitation access statistics are from 2006.
2171:. Eastern Rwanda, by contrast, features savanna birds such as the
1420:
1197:
and iron tools. These early inhabitants were the ancestors of the
18578:
18550:
18438:
18333:
18318:
18283:
18268:
18253:
17968:
17963:
17938:
17893:
17873:
17863:
17780:
17775:
17770:
17750:
17730:
17715:
17705:
17670:
17595:
17560:
17540:
17535:
17530:
17525:
16764:
16670:
16542:
16521:
16490:
16448:
16320:
16290:
16275:
16260:
16250:
16240:
16205:
16200:
16150:
16119:
16094:
16069:
15331:"Terrestrial Ecoregions: Albertine Rift montane forests (AT0101)"
13311:
Occasional Paper: Project on Environment, Population and Security
13307:"Environmental Scarcity and Violent Conflict, The Case of Rwanda"
12069:(illustrated ed.). Manchester: Manchester University Press.
11645:
11311:
A History of Rwandan Identity and Trauma: The Mythmakers' Victims
10513:"Rwanda genocide: the fight to bring the perpetrators to justice"
9293:
8329:
6502:
6466:
4540:"World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Rwanda)"
4303:
4301:
3850:
3846:
3707:
3649:
3645:
3632:
3620:
3489:
3480:
3449:
3147:
3037:
3017:
2823:
2776:
2641:
2628:
2620:
2616:
2612:
2436:
and embassies, with private subscription levels low. As of 2015,
2296:
2093:
2081:
1992:
1873:
1869:
1845:
1837:
1380:
1364:
with large-scale slaughter and repression of the Tutsi. In 1973,
1301:
1260:
1194:
1006:
959:
939:
927:
546:
348:
16820:
14548:
United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (III)
12965:
12590:"New Bugesera International Airport construction works kick-off"
11330:"Rwanda accepted into Commonwealth only 15 years after genocide"
9866:"Ethnic origins ignored in Rwanda's first census since genocide"
9383:
9381:
9317:
8871:
8869:
8164:
7946:
7794:"Should You Visit Kigali? A look at the cleanest city in Africa"
5872:
5677:
18749:
Countries and territories where English is an official language
18625:
18443:
18428:
18423:
18288:
18258:
18218:
18213:
18203:
18193:
17943:
17923:
17908:
17903:
17837:
17832:
17806:
17710:
17645:
17640:
17630:
17575:
16345:
16330:
16325:
16220:
16180:
16074:
16053:
15464:
14524:
United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (II)
13125:
African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development
11906:
11409:"Digital broadcasting stirs up local TV industry, but ..."
9197:
8745:
8196:
8194:
7753:
7208:. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
5997:
4081:
4025:
3955:
3788:
3768:
3465:
3432:
3412:
3138:
3033:
2895:
2841:
2803:
2789:
2784:
2766:
2627:. The principal form of public transport in the country is the
2608:
2320:
2284:
2280:
2097:
2089:
2077:
1861:
1825:
1799:
1689:
1438:
1100:
968:
931:
205:
188:
15492:
14494:
United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (I)
13796:"Language policy, multilingual education, and power in Rwanda"
13740:
Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (December 2011).
11235:"Rwanda's Historic Health Recovery: What the U.S. Might Learn"
8881:
7456:
7454:
7452:
7450:
7356:
7329:
7061:
United Nations Development Programme Human Development Reports
6592:
6570:
6568:
5778:
5776:
5643:
5641:
4298:
3816:, "one of the most famous people in Rwanda", competing in the
18413:
18368:
18323:
18303:
18273:
18263:
18248:
18238:
17827:
17725:
17720:
17655:
17635:
17620:
17545:
17223:
16516:
16305:
16255:
16210:
16195:
16175:
16165:
16139:
16079:
15355:"Rwanda deplores French decision on case of genocide suspect"
15218:
14805:
Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education
14547:
14523:
14493:
12107:. Cambridge, UK; New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
12088:. Cambridge, UK; New York, N.Y.: Cambridge University Press.
11208:"Health Equity in Rwanda: The New Rwanda, Twenty Years Later"
11109:
Shake Hands with the Devil: The Failure of Humanity in Rwanda
9602:
9600:
9378:
8866:
8179:
6496:
5017:
5015:
4381:
4379:
4087:
3732:
3689:
3657:
3615:
3461:
3369:
3282:
3174:. In 2005, President Kagame also launched a program known as
3028:, and has a population of 126,000. Other major towns include
2967:
2600:
2304:
2300:
2176:
1880:. The capital, Kigali, is located near the centre of Rwanda.
1841:
1233:
The earliest form of social organisation in the area was the
1215:
1077:
958:), with its geography dominated by mountains in the west and
867:
298:
75:
16619:
13881:"The Rwandan Conflict: Origin, Development, Exit Strategies"
12910:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (February 2012).
11986:"Rwanda: Reorganization of public higher education underway"
11165:
9645:
9525:
9489:
9149:
8191:
6716:"Black rhinos return to Rwanda 10 years after disappearance"
5051:
1072:. However, within this group there are three subgroups: the
18466:
18408:
18233:
17765:
17690:
17665:
17590:
16315:
16225:
16114:
14646:
13387:"Two leading independent weeklies suspended for six months"
13033:"The success of tourism in Rwanda – Gorillas and more"
12937:
National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (January 2014).
11677:
9818:
9627:
9068:
8705:
8703:
8701:
8486:
7887:
7705:
7447:
6672:
6565:
6389:
5925:
5860:
5800:
5773:
5737:
5725:
5689:
5665:
5653:
5638:
5626:
5311:
5309:
5075:
5063:
5039:
5027:
5000:
4096:
4040:
3899:
3760:
3226:(UNDP) is monitoring the country's health progress towards
3200:
devoted an article to "Rwanda's Historic Health Recovery".
3025:
2689:
is also investigating the feasibility of linking Rwanda to
2653:
2604:
2441:
2288:
2140:
1927:
1621:
ranked Rwanda as the fifth-cleanest out of 47 countries in
1211:
1073:
292:
18145:
14424:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (III) (2015).
14204:
13767:
Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) (June 2015).
13367:(second ed.). London: C. Hurst & Co. Publishers.
12743:"Liquid Telecom acquires RwandaTel, eyes broadband market"
10681:"Farmers wary as new weather patterns threaten production"
10647:
Briggs, Jimmy (August 2004). "A dance of hope in Rwanda".
10386:"Commonwealth Games 2010: Participating nations in Africa"
10021:"Gov't to sanction officials who failed to declare wealth"
9839:
9597:
9549:
9405:
9356:
9354:
9352:
9339:
9337:
9335:
9257:
9209:
9185:
8901:"No, Rwanda hasn't dropped French as an official language"
8650:
8380:
8140:
8002:
8000:
7912:
7910:
7908:
7857:
7736:
7734:
7732:
6696:
6365:
6253:
6183:
6081:
6063:
5842:
5713:
5701:
5614:
5602:
5590:
5350:
5348:
5234:
5222:
5210:
5173:
5171:
5012:
4841:
4839:
4376:
3475:
2595:
since the 1994 genocide, with aid from the United States,
1317:
famine. Both the Germans and the Belgians, in the wake of
1029:
to power, who retained the pro-Hutu policy. The Tutsi-led
14852:
14445:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (IV) (2015).
14403:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (II) (2015).
13967:
13794:
Samuelson, Beth Lewis; Freedman, Sarah Warshauer (2010).
13381:
12559:
Ministry of Infrastructure (MININFRA), Republic of Rwanda
11752:
11619:
10802:
9992:(illustrated ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
9723:
9567:
9477:
8823:
8793:
8638:
8578:
8576:
8440:
8293:
8257:
7496:
6884:
6547:
6454:
6226:
6045:
5824:
4800:
4031:
3457:
1415:. When the RPF took over, approximately two million Hutu
1104:
891:
15026:"Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), graph"
14598:
14570:
14466:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (V) (2013).
14426:"Millennium Development Goal 5: Improve maternal health"
14376:
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) (I) (2010).
12816:
Munyakazi, Augustine; Ntagaramba, Johnson Funga (2005).
12312:"Using sport and play to achieve educational objectives"
12149:"A new university, new international leader, new future"
10906:
The Great Lakes of Africa: Two Thousand Years of History
10233:"Rwanda gives DR Congo back tonnes of smuggled minerals"
10116:
9281:
9161:
9062:
9011:
8698:
8662:
8546:
8498:
7875:
7604:
7346:
7344:
6943:
6553:
6377:
6335:
6270:
6268:
6243:
6241:
5812:
5306:
5156:
4868:
4858:
4856:
4854:
4703:
4701:
4699:
4566:
3950:. Rwanda's highest domestic football competition is the
1399:
with the RPF. The cease-fire ended on 6 April 1994 when
16048:
15047:"Incidence of tuberculosis (per 100,000 people), graph"
14405:"Millennium Development Goal 4: Reduce child mortality"
13096:"Minister Irked By Big Number of Grass-Thatched Houses"
12201:"Rwandatel's Landline Telephony Increases By 7 Percent"
11640:
11259:
9711:
9501:
9441:
9349:
9332:
9233:
8769:
8588:
8534:
8452:
8428:
8281:
7997:
7934:
7922:
7905:
7729:
7695:
7693:
7691:
7621:
7619:
7553:
7307:
7305:
7280:
7278:
7253:
7251:
6347:
6285:
6283:
6114:"Why a Closed Border Has Uganda, Rwanda at Loggerheads"
6021:
5767:
5755:
5345:
5282:
5270:
5258:
5188:
5186:
5168:
4988:
4976:
4892:
4836:
4824:
4812:
4224:
4222:
15270:
14838:. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
14357:"Trust and Non-Self-Governing Territories (1945–1999)"
14186:"VIDEO: The lions are now free to stroll Akagera Park"
13856:"Rwanda, Burundi, Tanzania plan joint railway project"
13616:
13483:"In Rwanda, Health Care Coverage That Eludes the U.S."
11647:
Law and reality: progress in judicial reform in Rwanda
10119:"Scaling Up Access to Electricity: The Case of Rwanda"
9429:
9119:
8928:
8926:
8781:
8757:
8573:
8416:
8269:
8221:
8128:
8104:
7961:
7839:
7822:
7514:
7224:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7144:
7129:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6526:
6009:
5973:
5333:
5294:
4788:
4764:
4713:
4684:
4660:
4641:
4274:
Sebarenzi, Joseph; Twagiramungu, Noel (8 April 2019).
3886:
since 2004. The country sent seven competitors to the
3684:, consisting of the above staples and sometimes meat.
3308:, though it was never taught or widely used, and then
2468:
launched the first African-made smartphone in Rwanda.
2175:
and those associated with swamps and lakes, including
15387:
15248:"Agriculture and Food: Country profile – Rwanda"
14802:
14647:
Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization (UNPO)
14231:"Coffee export revenue drops by 5% during 2015/16 FY"
14042:"What is Liquid Telecom upto after buying Rwandatel?"
14001:
The Order of Genocide: race, power, and war in Rwanda
13069:
12793:"Mining industry generated $ 93 million in 2008"
12768:"Tourism is Rwanda's biggest foreign exchange earner"
12403:"Virunga Massif Sustainable Tourism Development Plan"
11487:
11437:(Reprint ed.). London; New York, N.Y.: Picador.
10405:
Berry, Philip; Lewis, Janice; Williams, Cara (1990).
10191:"Hutus 'killed Rwanda President Juvenal Habyarimana'"
9651:
9585:
9537:
9453:
9417:
9366:
9221:
8950:
8374:
8362:
8341:
8317:
8245:
7973:
7570:
7568:
7543:
7541:
7341:
7290:
6642:
6359:
6310:
6265:
6238:
6171:
5961:
5949:
5937:
5578:
5384:
5198:
5144:
5099:
5087:
4955:
4851:
4752:
4740:
4730:
4728:
4696:
4273:
4114:
4090:
4058:
4034:
15156:
WHO Country Cooperation Strategy at a glance: Rwanda
14528:"Health Insurance Expands Care For Rwanda's Poorest"
13286:"Rwanda Launches Bold Medical Education Partnership"
12693:"Who will win the 2014/15 national football league?"
11883:"A Beautiful Rwandan Economy ... Made in Kenya"
11463:
10439:
9860:
9735:
9699:
9573:
9393:
9299:
9245:
9173:
8510:
8392:
8335:
8305:
8152:
7985:
7893:
7688:
7651:"Rwanda launches first 'Made in Africa' smartphones"
7616:
7502:
7317:
7302:
7275:
7248:
7117:
7105:
6878:
6866:
6660:
6508:
6401:
6300:
6298:
6280:
6033:
5884:
5848:
5360:
5183:
4904:
4880:
4672:
4219:
4093:
4078:
4037:
4022:
3969:
2575:. As an emergency measure, the government installed
2428:
service to 30,968 subscribers, with mobile operator
1451:
rose from 46.6 years in 2000 to 65.4 years in 2021.
14831:
13718:
13643:"Chap II. Population, Health and human settlements"
13364:
The Rwanda Crisis, 1959–1994: History of a Genocide
13304:
13155:
12964:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (2015).
12815:
12502:
Ministry of Education (MINEDUC), Republic of Rwanda
11966:
Ethnic Politics and Democratic Transition in Rwanda
11725:International Monetary Fund (IMF) (November 2000).
11706:"Rwanda: Bringing Clean Water to Rural Communities"
10881:
9914:"Rwanda graft index falters but ranking unaffected"
9687:
9663:
9326:
9311:
9137:
8923:
8563:
8561:
8404:
8173:
7955:
7678:
7676:
7631:
7592:
7466:
7263:
7141:
6937:
6854:
6825:
6580:
6514:
6484:
6472:
6093:
6069:
5985:
5878:
5431:
5429:
5427:
5425:
5423:
5421:
5419:
5321:
4776:
4084:
4028:
3857:; and Team Rwanda have been the subject of a book,
3185:
Historical development of life expectancy in Rwanda
15349:
15089:"International tourism, number of arrivals, graph"
14984:"Health expenditure, public (% of GDP), 1995–1999"
14963:"Health expenditure, public (% of GDP), 2010–2014"
14025:. Minneapolis, Minn.: Twenty-First Century Books.
13280:
12378:"Delayed UN report links Rwanda to Congo genocide"
12176:"Rwanda launch bid for 2013 African Championships"
11166:Office of the Prime Minister, Republic of Rwanda.
10404:
9465:
9269:
8751:
8674:
8600:
8522:
8233:
8116:
7758:"Water, Sanitation and Hygiene(WASH) Budget Brief"
7723:
7580:
7565:
7538:
7526:
7478:
6684:
6648:
6159:
6003:
5788:
5417:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5246:
4725:
4269:
4267:
3209:United States Agency for International Development
2660:; there is one domestic route, between Kigali and
17240:Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
15252:EarthTrends: The Environmental Information Portal
14942:"Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births)"
14281:"Rwandans urged to embrace rain water harvesting"
13793:
13554:Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (I) (7 May 2010).
13262:"Rwandan Presidents promulgates new constitution"
12691:Mugabe, Bonnie; Kamasa, Peter (18 October 2014).
11206:Drobac, Peter; Naughton, Brienna (15 June 2014).
10463:"Meet Mutokambali, the national hoops team coach"
8887:
7845:
7368:
6295:
5566:
4432:: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of September 2024 (
3300:The country's principal and national language is
1872:to the south. It lies a few degrees south of the
1773:
1767:
1761:
1751:
1741:
1727:
1656:were tense following Rwanda's involvement in the
1609:
1436:
1266:
1258:
1226:A reconstruction of the ancient King's Palace at
146:
47:
18715:
15005:"Life expectancy at birth, total (years), graph"
14675:"Congolese army claims attack by Rwandan troops"
14627:"Rwanda: Aménagement linguistique dans le monde"
14624:
14351:
13679:
13640:
13030:
12438:. Revised. London; New York, N.Y.: Verso Books.
12309:
12124:"Rwanda and Uganda Move to Strengthen Relations"
11564:"Uganda, Rwanda Move to Mend Troubled Relations"
10857:Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (III) (2011).
10488:"Apprentice adviser Nick Hewer's Rwanda mission"
10338:"Why cricket is gaining in popularity in Rwanda"
9519:
8875:
8686:
8558:
8185:
7673:
7362:
7335:
7236:
7160:
7034:
6598:
5057:
2603:, as well as to the eastern Congolese cities of
1848:. The entire country is at a high altitude: the
1794:, and the Municipality of Kigali in the centre.
1343:(of which Rwanda formed the northern part) as a
17281:African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights
14327:
13407:"Rwanda completes $ 95 mln fibre optic network"
13305:Percival, Valerie; Homer-Dixon, Thomas (1995).
13031:Nielsen, Hannah; Spenceley, Anna (April 2010).
12862:"Rwanda to restock water bodies with fisheries"
12233:. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
11856:"Enforcing Contracts: The Experience of Rwanda"
11081:
10935:
10272:
9762:
9747:
9495:
8812:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2014
8216:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2012
8200:
8099:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2014
8087:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2014
8048:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2015
6139:Butera, Saul; Ojambo, Fred (21 February 2020).
5806:
5396:
5379:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda 2012
5045:
4264:
3280:as synonymous with the traditional Rwandan God
3100:(UR) was created out of a merger of the former
2591:The government has increased investment in the
2408:The country's oldest telecommunications group,
2279:Subsistence crops grown in the country include
17503:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
14921:"School enrollment, tertiary (% gross), graph"
14303:
13686:Rwanda State of Environment and Outlook Report
13647:Rwanda State of Environment and Outlook Report
11205:
11168:"Statement on Cabinet Decisions of 29.07.2014"
10679:Bucyensenge, Jean-Pierre (17 September 2014).
10380:
10251:
10188:
9633:
9040:
9038:
8492:
8064:. National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda.
7460:
5931:
5240:
3572:on 4 July. The last Saturday of each month is
3347:Organisation internationale de la Francophonie
2197:Rwanda contains three terrestrial ecoregions:
1983:volcano chain in the northwest; this includes
1041:in April 1994. Social tensions erupted in the
18131:
18010:Agence de Coopération Culturelle et Technique
17487:
16836:
16605:
16034:
15514:
15128:
15023:
14183:
13930:
13156:Office of the Ombudsman, Republic of Rwanda.
13118:
12676:. London: Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 67.
12632:"Rwanda Decentralization Strategic Framework"
11623:Sport Management: Principles and Applications
11286:"Rwanda's health service evolution – podcast"
10664:(3rd ed.). London: Bradt Travel Guides.
10356:
10335:
10296:"Rwanda 'gacaca' genocide courts finish work"
10293:
10230:
10167:
9606:
9555:
9411:
9125:
8656:
8012:
7863:
7012:"World Economic Outlook database: April 2022"
6702:
6371:
6259:
6087:
5830:
3341:, a language closely related to Kinyarwanda.
2420:, a company providing telecommunications and
926:converge. Located a few degrees south of the
599:26,338 km (10,169 sq mi) (
30:"Ruanda" redirects here. For other uses, see
18774:Member states of the Commonwealth of Nations
18646:South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
18641:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
17276:African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights
16420:Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
15224:"World Weather Information Service – Kigali"
15107:
15002:
14918:
14718:
14693:
14089:Tabaro, Jean de la Croix (21 January 2015).
13682:"Chap V. Biodiversity and Genetic Resources"
12690:
12410:International Gorilla Conservation Programme
12062:
11880:
10859:"Rank Order – Life expectancy at birth"
10706:"MTN Rwanda deploys new Internet technology"
10314:
10209:
10143:
9986:Appiah, Anthony; Gates, Henry Louis (2010).
9729:
9483:
8799:
8723:"Health Information for Travelers to Rwanda"
8644:
8446:
8060:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda.
7393:. World Intellectual Property Organization.
7054:"Multidimensional Poverty Index 2023 Rwanda"
6842:
6421:Voyage au Rwanda, le pays des Mille Collines
6232:
6138:
6051:
5818:
5315:
5069:
4572:
4534:
4532:
4530:
4528:
1970:
1219:class distinction rather than a racial one.
61:
18667:Commonwealth Secretariat – Member Countries
18051:Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie
15086:
15044:
14981:
14939:
14897:
14546:
14378:"Human Development Index Trends, 1980–2010"
14210:"Corruption Perceptions Index 2014 Results"
14091:"Rwanda Introduces Kiswahili in Curriculum"
14018:
13710:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
13671:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
13336:"Europe 'ignoring French role in genocide'"
11702:International Development Association (IDA)
11682:"CIV – Ivory Coast to host AfroBasket 2013"
10678:
10657:
9985:
9840:Agence Africaine de Presse (24 July 2015).
9387:
9263:
9215:
9203:
9035:
8709:
8668:
8552:
8504:
8386:
8146:
7610:
6678:
6574:
6559:
6395:
6201:
5354:
5021:
4456:Georgetown Journal of International Affairs
4445:
4443:
4392:. University of Chicago Press. p. 87.
3914:. The country has also participated in the
2365:
1930:. Rwanda has many lakes, the largest being
1696:
1458:although the country was never part of the
1189:, followed by a larger population of early
18799:Swahili-speaking countries and territories
18794:States and territories established in 1962
18138:
18124:
18005:Assemblée parlementaire de la Francophonie
17494:
17480:
17084:African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights
16843:
16829:
16612:
16598:
16041:
16027:
15521:
15507:
15065:
14960:
14873:
14522:
14423:
13837:. Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation.
13528:
13119:Nzabuheraheza, François Dominicus (2005).
12820:(in French). Oxford: Macmillan Education.
12718:"Liquid Telecom acquires Rwandatel assets"
12435:Conspiracy to Murder: The Rwandan Genocide
12400:
12310:McCracken, Kathryn; Colucci, Emma (2014).
12198:
12105:Memory and Justice in Post-Genocide Rwanda
11803:
11430:
11216:. Cambridge, Massachusetts. Archived from
10622:
10046:"Uganda races to meet Monetary Union date"
9936:
9447:
8775:
8727:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
8594:
8540:
8458:
8434:
8287:
7559:
7390:Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition
6460:
6027:
5339:
5081:
5033:
3217:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2986:National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
1578:Rwanda's legal system is largely based on
1545:and all other members of the Cabinet. The
1465:
1433:International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
178:
18754:French-speaking countries and territories
16791:
15437:web resources provided by GovPubs at the
15188:Bulletin of the World Health Organization
15131:"Access to electricity (% of population)"
14669:
14492:
14444:
14402:
14253:
14228:
14039:
13811:
13556:"World Environment Day & Kwita Izina"
13480:
13256:
12530:
12146:
11881:Kezio-Musoke, David (16 September 2014).
11832:
11354:
10856:
10731:"MTN, Tigo Reaping From Rwandatel Misery"
10598:
9963:"The Barbecue Chef who masters his roast"
9885:Aglietti, Stephanie (11 September 2014).
9435:
8787:
8763:
8582:
8422:
8110:
7967:
7740:
7711:
7520:
7230:
7135:
7004:
6987:
6969:
6920:
6902:
6804:
6383:
6015:
5584:
5500:
5117:
4642:"Government of Rwanda: Welcome to Rwanda"
4525:
4452:"Behind the Façade of Rwanda's Elections"
4449:
4235:Rwanda: From Genocide to Precarious Peace
3890:in London, representing it in athletics,
2382:Radio Télévision Libre des Mille Collines
2052:is the home of the largest population of
1048:Rwanda has been governed by the RPF as a
18789:Republics in the Commonwealth of Nations
16621:Former German colonies and protectorates
15454:) is being considered for deletion. See
15439:University of Colorado Boulder Libraries
15182:World Health Organization (WHO) (2008).
14900:"Internet users (per 100 people), graph"
14777:
14465:
14375:
14004:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
13429:
13207:"Rwanda – The preventable genocide"
13093:
13048:SNV Netherlands Development Organisation
13005:
12984:
12834:
12671:
12650:
12587:
12557:
12401:Mehta, Hitesh; Katee, Christine (2005).
12038:"Resurrecting the East African Shilling"
12010:
11511:
11382:
11327:
11138:
11105:
11011:"Constitution of the Republic of Rwanda"
10902:
10882:Centre For Aviation (22 December 2014).
10832:Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (II).
10574:
10460:
10317:"Goma: M23 rebels capture DR Congo city"
9911:
9887:"Rwanda cricket, growing a game of hope"
9884:
9769:
9717:
9682:International Basketball Federation 2011
9657:
9591:
9543:
9531:
9507:
9459:
9423:
9360:
9343:
9239:
9227:
9191:
9167:
9155:
8956:
8006:
7979:
7940:
7928:
7916:
7350:
7296:
6532:
6316:
6111:
5967:
5955:
5943:
5854:
5390:
5366:
5288:
5276:
5264:
5006:
4994:
4982:
4898:
4845:
4830:
4818:
4806:
4794:
4770:
4719:
4690:
4666:
4440:
4164:"Rwanda: A Brief History of the Country"
3869:
3808:
3626:The cuisine of Rwanda is based on local
3608:
3595:, and public transportation is limited.
3474:
3430:, or cow dance, performed by women; the
3405:
3377:are not recognized by the state, as the
3368:Homosexuality is generally considered a
3248:
3180:
3129:
3074:
2997:
2582:
2525:
2401:, being suspended for six months by the
2270:
2130:
2044:
2002:
1815:
1712:
1567:
1483:
1374:
1327:
1221:
185:Location of Rwanda (dark blue)
18015:Agence universitaire de la Francophonie
14468:"Human Development Report 2013: Rwanda"
14278:
14113:
13954:
13853:
13832:
13553:
13529:Rutayisire, Emmanuel (16 August 2013).
13453:
13413:. London. 16 March 2011. Archived from
13405:
13360:
13121:"Milk Production and Hygiene in Rwanda"
12884:
12790:
12765:
12715:
12629:
12608:
12500:
12479:
12431:
12375:
12350:
12284:
12259:
12223:
12122:Maboja, Wilhelmina (12 February 2015).
12102:
12083:
12035:
11905:
11029:
10981:
10909:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press.
10510:
10485:
10043:
10018:
9960:
9741:
9705:
9622:International Paralympic Committee 2015
9579:
9399:
9179:
9017:
8516:
8472:"Rwanda adult literacy rate, 1960-2023"
8398:
8347:
8311:
8299:
8275:
8263:
8251:
8227:
8158:
7991:
7899:
7888:AfDB & OECD Development Centre 2006
7699:
7625:
7508:
7323:
7311:
7284:
7257:
7123:
7111:
6872:
6666:
6289:
6274:
6247:
6177:
6039:
5979:
5890:
5523:
5482:
5327:
5300:
5228:
5216:
5204:
5192:
5162:
5150:
5105:
5093:
4961:
4929:. Oxford University Press. p. 24.
4910:
4886:
4874:
4862:
4758:
4746:
4707:
4339:
4307:
4228:
3775:also operate in the country, importing
3268:Christianity, and, to a lesser degree,
2587:Rwanda electricity production by source
946:. It is highly elevated, giving it the
135:(French: "Unité, Travail, Patriotisme")
14:
18716:
14498:"Rwanda: Water and Sanitation Profile"
14138:
14088:
14066:Stanford University Swahili Department
14040:Southwood, Russell (19 October 2013).
13997:
13957:Spartacus International Gay Guide 2007
13692:from the original on 11 September 2013
13653:from the original on 11 September 2013
13596:Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (III).
13506:Royal Museum for Central Africa (RMCA)
13441:from the original on 25 September 2015
13333:
13235:
13008:"Competition heats up for beer market"
12859:
12272:from the original on 27 September 2018
12173:
12121:
11983:
11962:
11853:
11561:
11536:
11406:
11313:. Langham, Maryland: Lexington Books.
11308:
11247:from the original on 17 September 2019
11186:
11139:Delawala, Imtiyaz (7 September 2001).
10789:from the original on 24 September 2019
10753:
10728:
10703:
10658:Briggs, Philip; Booth, Janice (2006).
10646:
10070:
10019:Asiimwe, Bosco R (28 September 2011).
9961:Anyango, Gloria I. (4 February 2010).
9825:(5 ed.). Paris: OECD Publishing.
9693:
9669:
9372:
9287:
9143:
8945:Stanford University Swahili Department
8932:
8836:
8834:
8832:
8620:"HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases"
8410:
8323:
8134:
7876:Baringanire, Malik & Banerjee 2014
7752:
7637:
7598:
7472:
7269:
7154:
6885:Dinerstein, Eric; et al. (2017).
6860:
6436:, 26 May 2018. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
6099:
6075:
5991:
5794:
5770:, VIII. Independence of the Judiciary.
5252:
4922:
4678:
4385:
4335:
4333:
4238:. Yale University Press. p. 185.
3767:; BMC is now owned by Belgian company
2416:. The company was acquired in 2013 by
1934:. This lake occupies the floor of the
1283:of 1884 assigned the territory to the
989:. The population coalesced first into
18119:
17475:
17233:Specialised agencies and institutions
16824:
16593:
16022:
16009:
15502:
14990:from the original on 27 February 2020
14969:from the original on 27 February 2020
14948:from the original on 14 November 2018
14749:"Birds endemic to the Albertine Rift"
14076:from the original on 23 November 2016
13985:from the original on 26 February 2014
13918:from the original on 15 February 2020
13905:
13893:from the original on 29 December 2013
13604:from the original on 12 February 2018
13595:
13575:Rwanda Development Board (RDB) (II).
13176:
12837:"Nkombo Island's Hope for the Future"
12778:from the original on 28 February 2018
12740:
12452:
11785:"Rwandan para-sport develops at pace"
11753:International Monetary Fund (IMF) (I)
11626:(4th ed.). Abingdon: Routledge.
11549:from the original on 1 September 2013
11328:Fletcher, Pascal (30 November 2009).
11283:
11232:
11054:
10969:from the original on 23 February 2020
10956:
10803:Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (I)
10525:from the original on 20 February 2020
10461:Bishumba, Richard (7 February 2015).
10392:from the original on 17 December 2018
10281:from the original on 23 February 2020
10239:from the original on 23 February 2020
10091:
9942:"Rwanda blames DR Congo for violence"
9912:Agutamba, Kenneth (4 December 2014).
9471:
9275:
8680:
8528:
8122:
7532:
7484:
7046:
6813:from the original on 17 December 2022
6786:from the original on 17 December 2022
6756:from the original on 17 December 2022
6726:from the original on 29 November 2022
6690:
6654:
5896:
5572:
5554:from the original on 27 November 2023
5447:
4648:from the original on 23 February 2021
4482:from the original on 5 September 2023
4414:from the original on 5 September 2023
4286:from the original on 5 September 2023
4130:
2668:. In 2017, construction began on the
2486:Water supply and sanitation in Rwanda
2252:in 2007, and has ratified a plan for
1906:. The country's longest river is the
1351:, with a mandate to oversee eventual
16982:Permanent Representatives' Committee
16752:
16010:
15495:(official Rwanda Tourism Board site)
15230:from the original on 20 January 2021
14778:Willgoss, Graham (30 October 2014).
14696:"Rwanda still searching for justice"
14681:from the original on 4 November 2012
14645:
14510:from the original on 29 October 2013
14480:from the original on 18 October 2018
14291:from the original on 10 October 2017
14266:from the original on 10 October 2017
14256:"Kamembe airport reopens to flights"
14254:Tumwebaze, Peterson (13 June 2015).
14241:from the original on 10 October 2017
14229:Tumwebaze, Peterson (21 July 2016).
14216:from the original on 3 December 2014
13766:
13754:from the original on 10 October 2017
13739:
13727:from the original on 20 October 2019
13622:"National Ballet – Urukerereza"
13574:
13492:from the original on 3 February 2014
13268:from the original on 10 October 2017
13189:from the original on 10 October 2017
13106:from the original on 10 October 2017
13006:Ngarambe, Alex (21 September 2012).
12897:from the original on 19 October 2012
12872:from the original on 10 October 2017
12847:from the original on 10 October 2017
12728:from the original on 10 October 2017
12703:from the original on 10 October 2017
12545:from the original on 23 October 2012
12467:from the original on 10 October 2017
12321:. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
12297:from the original on 10 October 2017
12247:from the original on 11 January 2023
12211:from the original on 10 October 2017
12199:Majyambere, Gertrude (14 May 2010).
12161:from the original on 10 October 2017
12023:from the original on 10 October 2017
11950:from the original on 11 January 2023
11929:
11739:from the original on 10 October 2017
11586:
11451:from the original on 11 January 2023
11418:from the original on 10 October 2017
11153:from the original on 8 December 2015
11008:
10996:from the original on 2 November 2013
10923:from the original on 11 January 2023
10890:from the original on 7 November 2015
10831:
10741:from the original on 10 October 2017
10716:from the original on 10 October 2017
10661:Rwanda – The Bradt Travel Guide
10580:"History and Background Information"
10537:
10473:from the original on 10 October 2017
10323:from the original on 5 December 2012
10104:from the original on 19 January 2019
10031:from the original on 10 October 2017
10006:from the original on 11 January 2023
9973:from the original on 10 October 2017
9924:from the original on 10 October 2017
9899:from the original on 17 October 2019
9872:from the original on 3 February 2016
9794:
9251:
9098:from the original on 10 October 2022
9080:
9074:
8911:from the original on 18 October 2020
8239:
7851:
7804:from the original on 15 January 2021
7586:
7574:
7547:
7415:from the original on 18 January 2024
7386:
7374:
6944:Grantham, H.S.; et al. (2020).
6836:
6722:. Agence France-Presse. 3 May 2017.
6624:from the original on 7 February 2022
6586:
6520:
6407:
6304:
6189:
5902:
5866:
5782:
5743:
5731:
5719:
5707:
5695:
5683:
5671:
5659:
5647:
5632:
5620:
5608:
5596:
5177:
4734:
4590:United Nations Development Programme
4554:from the original on 19 October 2023
4252:from the original on 22 October 2023
4197:"Religions in Rwanda | PEW-GRF"
3878:Rwandans have been competing at the
3440:. The best-known dance group is the
3224:United Nations Development Programme
3215:epidemic. According to the American
2489:
2228:since strengthened, with per-capita
2203:Victoria Basin forest-savanna mosaic
2072:dominating the rest of the country.
1095:Rwanda's economy is based mostly on
1009:, which took control in 1916 during
133:(English: "Unity, Work, Patriotism")
18784:Member states of the United Nations
17391:Single African Air Transport Market
17386:African Continental Free Trade Area
15528:
15325:
15313:from the original on 2 October 2013
15297:
15242:
15181:
15149:
14745:Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS)
14706:from the original on 26 August 2007
14558:from the original on 14 August 2019
14126:from the original on 13 August 2018
13238:"Rwanda: Climate & Agriculture"
13203:Organization of African Unity (OAU)
13201:
12887:"Rwanda services sector boosts GDP"
12885:Nantaba, Eriosi (18 October 2010).
12388:from the original on 21 August 2016
12287:"Hip Hop Dominating Music Industry"
12174:Mackay, Duncan (24 December 2009).
12086:Christianity and Genocide in Rwanda
12050:from the original on 7 October 2012
11984:Koenig, Ann M. (9 September 2014).
11936:. New York, N.Y.: Benchmark Books.
11751:
11724:
11700:
11678:International Basketball Federation
11593:. Trade & Travel Publications.
11562:Heuler, Hilary (12 December 2011).
11370:from the original on 2 October 2013
11296:from the original on 3 January 2019
11191:. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press.
10944:from the original on 30 August 2019
10819:from the original on 9 January 2021
10801:
10444:. World Trade Press. Archived from
10275:"Rwanda country profile – Overview"
10170:"Team reaches Nile's 'true source'"
10149:"Rwanda redrawn to reflect compass"
10044:Asiimwe, Dicta (20 December 2014).
9842:"Rwanda, DR Congo open trade talks"
9806:from the original on 5 January 2013
8999:from the original on 7 January 2023
8829:
8692:
8606:
8567:
8375:Williams, Abbott & Mupenzi 2015
8363:Williams, Abbott & Mupenzi 2015
8053:
7682:
7661:from the original on 9 October 2019
7242:
7206:"Rwanda production in 2019, by FAO"
7166:
7075:
7040:
6805:Hernandez, Joe (30 November 2021).
6612:"Climate Change Adaption in Rwanda"
6451:, Location and General Description.
6448:
6214:from the original on 21 August 2020
6165:
5768:Human Rights Watch & Wells 2008
5756:Human Rights Watch & Wells 2008
5435:
4578:
4330:
3954:; as of 2015, the dominant team is
2207:Ruwenzori-Virunga montane moorlands
131:"Ubumwe, Umurimo, Gukunda Igihugu"
24:
18769:Member states of the African Union
15110:"GINI index (World Bank estimate)"
14633:from the original on 29 March 2013
14586:from the original on 28 March 2020
14363:from the original on 26 March 2019
14339:from the original on 12 April 2014
14333:"International Trusteeship System"
14315:from the original on 12 April 2014
14171:from the original on 28 March 2020
13878:
13841:from the original on 1 August 2012
13820:from the original on 21 April 2018
13430:Richards, Charles (24 July 1994).
13244:from the original on 19 April 2018
13164:from the original on 6 August 2019
13158:"Office of the Ombudsman: Mandate"
13094:Ntambara, Paul (9 December 2009).
13081:from the original on 14 March 2012
12860:Namata, Berna (28 December 2008).
12835:Nakayima, Lillian (23 June 2010).
12791:Mukaaya, Eddie (15 January 2009).
12766:Mukaaya, Eddie (28 January 2008).
12659:from the original on 18 April 2015
12653:"Rwanda Sports Development Policy"
12533:"Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper"
12351:McGreal, Chris (16 January 2009).
12338:from the original on 18 April 2015
12063:Linden, Ian; Linden, Jane (1977).
11854:Kamere, Emmanuel (17 March 2011).
11781:International Paralympic Committee
11767:from the original on 28 March 2020
11271:from the original on 30 April 2015
11093:from the original on 6 August 2019
11030:Copnall, James (2 February 2004).
10780:
10691:from the original on 14 March 2018
10344:from the original on 30 March 2015
10336:BBC News (XI) (24 December 2014).
10218:from the original on 18 March 2020
10189:BBC News (III) (12 January 2010).
10131:from the original on 21 March 2016
10092:Banda, Honoré (12 February 2015).
9753:
7186:from the original on 31 March 2023
6120:from the original on 20 April 2019
5913:from the original on 14 April 2022
5903:Roth, Kenneth (10 December 2019).
5450:Journal of Eastern African Studies
4782:
4622:from the original on 27 April 2024
4596:from the original on 19 March 2024
4586:"Human Development Report 2023/24"
3763:beer and a local version known as
3578:, a national morning of mandatory
3176:The Presidents' Malaria Initiative
2593:transport infrastructure of Rwanda
2194:, dubbed the "bush tiger mantis".
1756:), cities, municipalities, towns,
137:(Swahili: "Umoja, Kazi, Uzalendo")
25:
18810:
18521:Heard Island and McDonald Islands
16850:
15458:to help reach a consensus. ›
15375:
15361:from the original on 2 March 2016
15220:World Meteorological Organization
15137:from the original on 8 April 2016
15095:from the original on 8 April 2016
15074:from the original on 28 June 2016
15053:from the original on 9 April 2016
15032:from the original on 8 April 2016
15011:from the original on 8 April 2016
14927:from the original on 8 April 2016
14906:from the original on 8 April 2016
14856:A companion to African philosophy
14765:from the original on 24 June 2013
14600:"Rwands 2016 Human Rights Report"
14572:United States Department of State
14279:Umutesi, Doreen (18 March 2015).
14192:from the original on 11 July 2016
13854:Senelwa, Kennedy (25 July 2015).
13781:from the original on 4 March 2016
13468:from the original on 9 March 2016
13393:from the original on 24 June 2013
13143:from the original on 3 March 2014
12972:from the original on 8 April 2018
12803:from the original on 4 March 2016
12376:McGreal, Chris (1 October 2010).
12353:"Why Rwanda said adieu to French"
12186:from the original on 3 April 2019
12147:MacGregor, Karen (21 June 2014).
11994:. Washington, D.C. Archived from
11791:from the original on 4 April 2019
11712:from the original on 11 July 2010
11688:from the original on 4 March 2016
11664:from the original on 24 July 2014
11514:"East Africa trade bloc expanded"
11356:Food and Agriculture Organization
11042:from the original on 18 June 2018
10959:"Rwanda: Kagame's power struggle"
10768:from the original on 3 April 2019
10368:from the original on 30 July 2012
10315:BBC News (X) (20 November 2012).
10302:from the original on 8 March 2015
10231:BBC News (VI) (3 November 2011).
9646:Office of the Prime Minister 2014
9312:Watson, Renzi & Viggiani 2010
8969:La langue française dans le monde
8854:from the original on 9 March 2023
8062:"Size of the resident population"
8026:from the original on 21 June 2023
6497:World Meteorological Organization
6147:from the original on 6 March 2020
5132:from the original on 30 June 2018
5118:Karuhanga, James (30 June 2018).
4174:from the original on 15 July 2023
3820:event at the 2012 Summer Olympics
3739:, and a range of beers including
2727:Largest cities or towns in Rwanda
2558:sources; power stations on Lakes
2471:
1435:(ICTR) and the reintroduction of
1401:Habyarimana's plane was shot down
1177:period around 8000 BC, or in the
1055:since 1994 with former commander
644:517/km (1,339.0/sq mi) (
18364:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
18100:
18099:
17601:Democratic Republic of the Congo
17456:
17455:
17306:African Union–Ethiopia relations
16987:Specialized Technical Committees
16732:
16571:
16560:
16559:
16367:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
16344:
16125:Democratic Republic of the Congo
15469:
15327:World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)
15116:from the original on 12 May 2019
14731:from the original on 1 June 2013
14721:"Rwanda's religious reflections"
14694:Walker, Robert (30 March 2004).
13833:Schöggl, Hans (1 October 2015).
13516:from the original on 12 May 2013
13504:
13334:Porter, Andrew (7 August 2008).
12363:from the original on 18 May 2015
11607:from the original on 1 July 2023
11524:from the original on 1 June 2013
11512:Grainger, Sarah (18 June 2007).
11407:Gasore, Ben (31 December 2014).
11342:from the original on 11 May 2011
11233:Emery, Neal (20 February 2013).
11126:from the original on 1 July 2023
10982:Coleman, Isobel (7 April 2010).
10498:from the original on 1 June 2013
10427:from the original on 1 July 2023
10197:from the original on 1 June 2013
10176:from the original on 1 June 2013
10155:from the original on 1 June 2013
10077:(in French). Paris: Petit Futé.
9989:Encyclopedia of Africa, Volume 1
9948:from the original on 13 May 2011
9131:
9048:. 1 January 2009. Archived from
8981:
8962:
8893:
8733:from the original on 9 June 2016
8715:
8626:from the original on 15 May 2016
8612:
8464:
8068:from the original on 2 June 2022
7786:
7746:
7724:Berry, Lewis & Williams 1990
7643:
7380:
7212:from the original on 11 May 2017
7172:
7022:from the original on 31 May 2022
6798:
6768:
6738:
6708:
6604:
6413:
6195:
6132:
6112:Malingha, David (8 March 2019).
6105:
4943:from the original on 1 July 2023
4207:from the original on 23 May 2021
4074:
4018:
3988:Index of Rwanda-related articles
3972:
2807:
2797:
2770:
2760:
2494:
2311:in 2008. Minerals mined include
2211:Forest Landscape Integrity Index
2135:Giraffe in Akagera National Park
1858:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1654:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1287:, who declared it to be part of
1084:. The Twa are a forest-dwelling
1025:overthrew Kayibanda and brought
944:Democratic Republic of the Congo
791:
790:
748:
747:
729:
728:
696:
695:
677:
676:
163:
111:
97:
15271:World Resources Report (2011).
15244:World Resources Institute (WRI)
15151:World Health Organization (WHO)
14859:. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.
14743:
14719:Walker, Robert (1 April 2004).
13481:Rosenberg, Tina (3 July 2012).
13348:from the original on 1 May 2019
12716:Mugisha, Ivan R (3 June 2013).
12066:Church and Revolution in Rwanda
11761:World Economic Outlook Database
11537:Henley, Jon (31 October 2007).
11284:Evans, Ruth (20 January 2014).
11189:Historical Dictionary of Rwanda
11055:Craig, Tara (23 October 2012).
10704:Butera, Saul (9 January 2010).
10273:BBC News (VIII) (4 June 2015).
10260:from the original on 7 May 2019
10252:BBC News (VII) (23 June 2015).
10210:BBC News (V) (27 August 2010).
10168:BBC News (II) (31 March 2006).
9895:. Paris. Agence France-Presse.
9796:African Development Bank (AfDB)
8174:Percival & Homer-Dixon 1995
7774:from the original on 7 May 2024
6848:
6485:Munyakazi & Ntagaramba 2005
6473:Munyakazi & Ntagaramba 2005
6064:Agence Africaine de Presse 2015
5843:Transparency International 2014
5517:
5476:
5441:
5111:
4967:
4916:
4634:
4608:
4310:Handbook of Restorative Justice
4005:
3952:Rwanda National Football League
3928:African Basketball Championship
3353:
3260:The largest faith in Rwanda is
2700:
2358:Rwanda was ranked 103rd in the
2034:
1942:. Other sizeable lakes include
1193:settlers, who produced dimpled
18591:British Indian Ocean Territory
18500:Australian Antarctic Territory
18041:International Francophonie Day
15555:Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa
15299:World Trade Organization (WTO)
14309:"United Nations Member States"
14184:The New Times (13 June 2015).
14114:Tancott, Glen (30 June 2014).
13454:Robbins, Tom (9 August 2013).
13288:. Boston, Mass. Archived from
12453:Milmo, Cahal (29 March 2006).
12285:Mbabazi, Linda (11 May 2008).
12260:Maynard, James (22 May 2014).
11933:Rwanda (Cultures of the World)
10903:Chrétien, Jean-Pierre (2003).
10511:Bowcott, Owen (2 April 2014).
10294:BBC News (IX) (18 June 2012).
7497:Reporters Without Borders 2010
6548:Strategic Foresight Group 2013
4494:
4400:(inactive 12 September 2024).
4189:
4156:
2670:Bugesera International Airport
2199:Albertine Rift montane forests
1989:Albertine Rift montane forests
1836:. It is comparable in size to
1417:fled to neighbouring countries
13:
1:
18729:1962 establishments in Africa
17438:United States of Latin Africa
17132:Rural Economy and Agriculture
16909:Organisation of African Unity
15443:
13906:Smith, David (28 June 2015).
13040:African Success Stories Study
12317:. In Dudfield, Oliver (ed.).
12036:Lavelle, John (5 July 2008).
12011:KT Press (11 February 2015).
11836:Lake and reservoir management
11833:Jørgensen, Sven Erik (2005).
11032:"Camara breaks Rwanda hearts"
10957:Clark, Phil (5 August 2010).
10754:Carlin, John (13 July 2003).
10729:Butera, Saul (6 April 2011).
10486:Bowdler, Neil (14 May 2010).
10440:Best Country Reports (2007).
9773:Culture and customs of Rwanda
9063:U.S. Department of State 2016
8888:Samuelson & Freedman 2010
8020:"Rwanda Cities by Population"
6336:U.S. Department of State 2004
6202:Gwillim Law (27 April 2010).
3818:cross-country mountain biking
3757:Brasseries des Mille Collines
3102:National University of Rwanda
1335:, president from 1973 to 1994
977:settled the territory in the
17295:United States military bases
17291:United States Africa Command
14817:10.1080/03057925.2014.938611
14019:Streissguth, Thomas (2007).
13835:"Rwanda – List of Champions"
13177:Opobo, Moses (24 May 2015).
12741:Mugwe, David (3 June 2013).
11213:Harvard International Review
10407:"32: East African Highlands"
10212:"Q&A: DR Congo conflict"
9763:General and cited references
9520:McCracken & Colucci 2014
8622:. United Nations in Rwanda.
7363:Nielsen & Spenceley 2010
7336:Nielsen & Spenceley 2010
6348:Encyclopædia Britannica 2010
4354:10.1080/01436597.2011.610593
4150:
3902:, and 15 competitors to the
3759:(BMC) opened, manufacturing
3289:
3228:Millennium Development Goals
3064:
2372:Telecommunications in Rwanda
2355:in the east of the country.
1805:
1573:Chamber of Deputies building
1001:colonized Rwanda as part of
950:"land of a thousand hills" (
7:
18585:British Antarctic Territory
18494:Ashmore and Cartier Islands
17797:French Community of Belgium
17122:HR, Sciences and Technology
15907:Water supply and sanitation
15474:Geographic data related to
15412:Central Intelligence Agency
15307:Trade policy review: Rwanda
15068:"GDP (current US$ ), graph"
12991:. Stellenbosch: SUN Press.
11806:Issue: A Journal of Opinion
11431:Gourevitch, Philip (2000).
11362:(FAO / WFP) (1 July 1997).
11057:"Unibra ramps up in Rwanda"
10442:"Temperature Map of Rwanda"
7840:World Resources Report 2011
7823:World Resources Report 2011
7016:International Monetary Fund
4548:International Monetary Fund
4512:Central Intelligence Agency
3965:
3874:The Gahanga Cricket Stadium
3727:, under licence, including
3238:
1688:Rwanda's relationship with
1563:proportional representation
1476:Foreign relations of Rwanda
1454:In 2009, Rwanda joined the
10:
18815:
17376:African Economic Community
17181:Peace and Security Council
16888:African and Malagasy Union
15428:"Rwanda Convention Bureau"
15390:(official government site)
14206:Transparency International
13618:Rwanda Development Gateway
12891:East African Business Week
12506:"Achievements (2003–2010)"
12043:East African Business Week
10984:"Rwanda: Road to Recovery"
10783:"Kagame Cup Championships"
10071:Auzias, Dominique (2007).
9120:Rwanda Development Gateway
8493:Drobac & Naughton 2014
6971:10.1038/s41467-020-19493-3
6360:Nile Basin Initiative 2010
4201:globalreligiousfutures.org
3802:
3602:
3598:
3545:Shake Hands with the Devil
3399:
3395:
3357:
3293:
3242:
3119:
3068:
3024:and the Congolese city of
2796:
2759:
2718:
2704:
2687:Ministry of Infrastructure
2682:public private partnership
2475:
2369:
2220:
2216:
2190:, including a new species
2038:
1998:
1940:deepest lakes in the world
1809:
1706:
1703:Decentralization in Rwanda
1700:
1632:Rwanda is a member of the
1619:Transparency International
1469:
1339:Belgium continued to rule
1300:forces invaded Rwanda and
1154:
1150:
963:country in the world. Its
29:
18764:Least developed countries
18734:Central African countries
18663:
18559:
18534:
18484:
18475:
18452:
18157:
18095:
18074:
18023:
17997:
17977:
17851:
17815:
17790:National/regional members
17789:
17518:
17509:
17451:
17420:
17399:
17351:
17314:
17301:United States ambassadors
17261:
17252:
17232:
17179:
17153:
17117:Social Affairs and Health
17112:Infrastructure and Energy
17092:
17074:
17046:
17013:
16995:
16972:
16963:
16930:
16858:
16784:
16743:
16728:
16705:
16634:
16627:
16555:
16535:
16504:
16483:
16462:
16441:
16430:
16414:
16398:
16385:
16353:
16342:
16060:
16050:Countries and territories
16016:
15972:
15915:
15857:
15848:
15796:
15787:
15696:
15687:
15645:
15636:
15540:
14625:Université Laval (2010).
14576:"Background Note: Rwanda"
14157:10.11646/zootaxa.4027.1.3
14070:"Where Swahili is Spoken"
14048:. Nairobi. Archived from
13973:"Blue Peace for the Nile"
13969:Strategic Foresight Group
13862:. Nairobi. Archived from
13813:10.1007/s10993-010-9170-7
13719:Rwanda Governance Board.
13537:. Nairobi. Archived from
13383:Reporters Without Borders
13014:. Nairobi. Archived from
12749:. Nairobi. Archived from
12103:Longman, Timothy (2017).
12084:Longman, Timothy (2010).
11963:Kiwuwa, David E. (2012).
11489:Government of Rwanda (II)
11187:Dorsey, Learthen (1994).
11065:. Reigate. Archived from
10409:. In Turner, B.L. (ed.).
10054:. Nairobi. Archived from
9770:Adekunle, Julius (2007).
8336:Agence France-Presse 2002
6643:Government of Rwanda (II)
6509:Best Country Reports 2007
5462:10.1080/17531050903550066
4450:Reyntjens, Filip (2011).
4398:10.7208/9780226276663-004
3906:to compete in athletics,
3904:London Summer Paralympics
3755:. In 2009 a new brewery,
3235:has not started falling.
3231:goal 6 is not yet met as
3115:
3020:, which lies adjacent to
2503:This section needs to be
2209:. The country had a 2019
1310:League of Nations mandate
1061:authoritarian governments
1037:in 1990. Habyarimana was
885:
873:
861:
851:
843:
825:
810:
780:
760:
741:
722:
708:
689:
670:
652:
638:
624:
617:
607:
593:
586:
582:
569:
556:
545:• Independence from
543:
530:
517:
504:
491:
478:
474:
467:
450:
435:
425:
421:
406:
391:
387:
366:
347:
315:
273:
242:
198:
177:
156:
147:
141:
127:
93:
41:
18651:Turks and Caicos Islands
17586:Central African Republic
17076:African Court of Justice
16873:Decolonisation of Africa
16110:Central African Republic
15456:templates for discussion
14756:Albertine Rift Programme
14097:. London. Archived from
13361:Prunier, Gérard (1995).
12672:Montague, James (2014).
12157:. No. 325. London.
11889:. Kigali. Archived from
11465:Government of Rwanda (I)
11309:Fegley, Randall (2016).
11106:Dallaire, Roméo (2005).
10936:City Population (2012).
10834:"Rank Order – Area"
10254:"Rwanda profile – Media"
9822:African Economic Outlook
9730:Mugabe & Kamasa 2014
9300:Government of Rwanda (I)
7956:Centre For Aviation 2014
5533:. Bloomsbury Academic /
5483:Matfess, Hilary (2015).
5070:Linden & Linden 1977
4618:. Cambridge Dictionary.
4386:Bowman, Warigia (2015).
3998:
3924:national basketball team
3798:
3719:. Bralirwa manufactures
2623:, which is known as the
2366:Media and communications
2244:and the currency is the
2238:multidimensional poverty
2007:Lake and volcano in the
1697:Administrative divisions
1117:multidimensional poverty
930:, Rwanda is bordered by
18511:Cocos (Keeling) Islands
18151:Commonwealth of Nations
18046:Jeux de la Francophonie
17443:East African Federation
17433:United States of Africa
17171:African Investment Bank
14780:"Tour de Second Chance"
14552:"Rwanda: Global Health"
13955:Gmünder, Bruno (2007).
13598:"Akagera National Park"
12432:Melvern, Linda (2004).
11969:. Abingdon: Routledge.
11930:King, David C. (2007).
11839:. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
11644:; Wells, Sarah (2008).
11261:Encyclopædia Britannica
10756:"Rwanda's magic moment"
9844:. Dakar. Archived from
9388:Briggs & Booth 2006
9327:Rwanda Governance Board
9264:Briggs & Booth 2006
9216:Briggs & Booth 2006
9204:Briggs & Booth 2006
8800:Walker & April 2004
8752:Partners In Health 2013
8387:Briggs & Booth 2006
6679:Briggs & Booth 2006
6575:Briggs & Booth 2006
6396:Briggs & Booth 2006
6004:Xinhua News Agency 2015
5879:Office of the Ombudsman
5819:Walker & March 2004
5535:Nordic Africa Institute
5022:Appiah & Gates 2010
3922:in 2009. The country's
2360:Global Innovation Index
2265:subsistence agriculture
2242:National Bank of Rwanda
2139:Rwanda's population of
2086:Volcanoes National Park
2050:Volcanoes National Park
1972:Pays des mille collines
1650:Commonwealth of Nations
1506:Rwandan Patriotic Front
1466:Politics and government
1456:Commonwealth of Nations
1445:Human Development Index
1389:Rwandan Patriotic Front
1293:Gustav Adolf von Götzen
1129:Commonwealth of Nations
1097:subsistence agriculture
1031:Rwandan Patriotic Front
956:pays des mille collines
558:• Admitted to the
243:Official languages
32:Ruanda (disambiguation)
18744:East African countries
18596:British Virgin Islands
18036:UN French Language Day
17869:Bosnia and Herzegovina
17154:Financial institutions
17145:Cross-Cutting Programs
17048:Pan-African Parliament
15388:The Republic of Rwanda
14139:Tedrow, Riley (2015).
14120:Transport World Africa
13998:Straus, Scott (2013).
13075:"Nile Basin Countries"
12611:"Administrative Units"
12482:"Livestock production"
12412:(IGCP). Archived from
11650:. Human Rights Watch.
11587:Hodd, Michael (1994).
10540:African Studies Review
8974:5 January 2023 at the
6461:Mehta & Katee 2005
5909:. Human Rights Watch.
5489:African Studies Review
4127:
3940:African Cup of Nations
3936:national football team
3875:
3821:
3773:East African Breweries
3717:Rwandan Stock Exchange
3623:
3484:
3417:
3360:Human rights in Rwanda
3331:East African Community
3318:East African Community
3274:Seventh-day Adventists
3257:
3186:
3159:gross domestic product
3142:
3106:gross enrollment ratio
3090:East African Community
3084:
3003:
2707:Demographics of Rwanda
2588:
2531:
2276:
2250:East African Community
2161:bird species in Rwanda
2136:
2057:
2011:
1971:
1821:
1774:
1768:
1762:
1752:
1742:
1728:
1718:
1646:East African Community
1610:
1575:
1492:
1437:
1384:
1336:
1267:
1259:
1230:
1145:East African Community
955:
733:$ 13.927 billion (
681:$ 42.346 billion (
76:
62:
48:
27:Country in East Africa
18569:Akrotiri and Dhekelia
18477:Dependent territories
18354:Saint Kitts and Nevis
17746:São Tomé and Príncipe
17606:Republic of the Congo
17194:African Standby Force
17166:African Monetary Fund
16271:São Tomé and Príncipe
16130:Republic of the Congo
15301:(30 September 2004).
14677:. Tysons Corner, VA.
13315:University of Toronto
13071:Nile Basin Initiative
12966:"Featured indicators"
12154:University World News
11590:East African Handbook
11568:Voice of America News
10604:"Sparkling beverages"
10384:(27 September 2010).
10094:"Rwanda's job crunch"
9940:(20 September 2007).
8876:Université Laval 2010
8186:REMA (Chapter 2) 2009
7087:freecurrencyrates.com
6950:Nature Communications
6904:10.1093/biosci/bix014
6599:REMA (Chapter 5) 2009
5906:Rwanda Events of 2019
4923:Carney, J.J. (2013).
4342:Third World Quarterly
4312:. Routledge. p.
4132:[u.ɾɡwaː.nda]
3873:
3812:
3725:The Coca-Cola Company
3612:
3478:
3409:
3364:LGBT rights in Rwanda
3252:
3184:
3133:
3078:
3001:
2650:international airport
2586:
2529:
2274:
2258:East African shilling
2146:Akagera National Park
2134:
2060:In prehistoric times
2048:
2006:
1995:, plains and swamps.
1964:Akagera National Park
1819:
1716:
1701:Further information:
1571:
1508:(RPF) and its leader
1487:
1413:UN peacekeeping force
1378:
1331:
1225:
609:• Water (%)
374:presidential republic
49:Repubulika y'u Rwanda
18759:Landlocked countries
18229:Eswatini (Swaziland)
17843:United Arab Emirates
17161:African Central Bank
14453:on 15 September 2015
14432:on 15 September 2015
14411:on 15 September 2015
14353:United Nations (III)
14235:The New Times Rwanda
13961:Bruno Gmunder Verlag
13417:on 18 September 2012
13284:(20 November 2013).
12951:on 24 September 2015
12134:on 23 September 2015
11911:"Kigali at a glance"
11680:(21 November 2011).
11499:on 18 September 2019
11475:on 16 September 2019
11360:World Food Programme
10124:. World Bank Group.
9862:Agence France-Presse
9496:CyclingNews.com 2012
8201:City Population 2012
7083:"USD–RWF 2023 Yahoo"
6782:. 29 November 2021.
6426:7 April 2019 at the
6419:Christophe Migeon. "
5807:BBC News (VIII) 2015
5058:United Nations (III)
3960:Kagame Interclub Cup
3938:has appeared in the
3888:2012 Summer Olympics
3882:since 1984, and the
3827:association football
3410:Traditional Rwandan
3172:University of Rwanda
3141:, Northern Province
3122:Healthcare in Rwanda
3098:University of Rwanda
3081:One Laptop Per Child
2693:via shipping on the
2537:rainwater harvesting
2444:with 2,887,328, and
2332:late-2000s recession
2330:suffered during the
2192:Dystacta tigrifrutex
2173:black-headed gonolek
2084:. Vegetation in the
2070:terraced agriculture
2066:three national parks
1820:Topography of Rwanda
1480:Rwanda Defence Force
1379:Human skulls at the
1291:. In 1894, explorer
985:, followed later by
967:and largest city is
626:• 2024 estimate
573:Current constitution
227:1.94389°S 30.05944°E
63:République du Rwanda
18739:Countries in Africa
18696: /
18419:Trinidad and Tobago
18169:Antigua and Barbuda
18082:Francophone economy
16527:Plazas de soberanía
16431:African territories
16371:unclear sovereignty
16356:States with limited
15748:Chamber of Deputies
15337:on 22 December 2004
15129:World Bank (XIII).
15024:World Bank (VIII).
14673:(29 October 2008).
14526:(8 December 2014).
14329:United Nations (II)
14116:"Northern corridor"
13341:The Daily Telegraph
13321:on 22 February 2012
13223:on 8 September 2015
12924:on 20 November 2015
12596:on 21 February 2018
11917:on 28 February 2014
11893:on 19 November 2015
11574:on 11 February 2012
11469:"Official Holidays"
11243:. Washington, D.C.
10989:The Huffington Post
10448:on 17 November 2012
9776:. Westport, Conn.:
9634:BBC Sport (II) 2010
9534:, pp. 125–128.
9158:, pp. 135–136.
9094:. 27 January 2020.
8826:, pp. 236–237.
7657:. 10 October 2019.
7461:BBC News (VII) 2015
7399:10.34667/tind.46596
6962:2020NatCo..11.5978G
6750:Condé Nast Traveler
5686:, articles 100–101.
5502:10.1017/asr.2015.43
5241:BBC News (III) 2010
5231:, pp. 190–191.
5219:, pp. 135–136.
5046:United Nations (II)
5009:, pp. 276–277.
4550:. 10 October 2023.
3660:, locally known as
3656:, is very popular.
3296:Languages of Rwanda
3253:Catholic church in
3071:Education in Rwanda
2545:improved sanitation
2478:Transport in Rwanda
2109:Eulophia guineensis
2096:ecosystem in which
1812:Geography of Rwanda
1717:Provinces of Rwanda
1709:Provinces of Rwanda
1555:Chamber of Deputies
1541:, and appoints the
1523:president of Rwanda
1366:Juvénal Habyarimana
1333:Juvénal Habyarimana
1249:ruled by the Tutsi
1171:last glacial period
1027:Juvénal Habyarimana
920:African Great Lakes
461:Chamber of Deputies
223: /
18087:Senghor University
17884:Dominican Republic
17412:African Border Day
17127:Trade and Industry
17102:Peace and Security
17094:ECOSOCC Committees
17028:Deputy Chairperson
16435:non-African states
15826:Telecommunications
15594:Rwandan Revolution
15582:Colonial residents
15572:German East Africa
15430:. 18 October 2019.
15407:The World Factbook
15353:(26 August 2015).
15351:Xinhua News Agency
15206:on 25 October 2013
15108:World Bank (XII).
15003:World Bank (VII).
14919:World Bank (III).
14305:United Nations (I)
14101:on 8 December 2015
14022:Rwanda in Pictures
13879:Shyaka, Anastase.
13866:on 8 December 2015
13486:The New York Times
13282:Partners In Health
13018:on 8 December 2015
12617:on 22 October 2013
12180:insidethegames.biz
11642:Human Rights Watch
11220:on 8 December 2015
10863:The World Factbook
10844:on 9 February 2014
10838:The World Factbook
10812:The World Factbook
10634:on 6 November 2015
10360:(13 August 2012).
10147:(3 January 2006).
10058:on 8 December 2015
9864:(16 August 2002).
9798:(26 August 2011).
9607:BBC Sport (I) 2012
9556:BBC News (XI) 2014
9412:Nzabuheraheza 2005
9206:, p. 243–244.
9092:Human Rights Watch
8993:report for Rwanda"
8824:Wiredu et al. 2006
6703:The New Times 2015
6372:BBC News (II) 2006
6204:"Rwanda Districts"
6088:BBC News (VI) 2011
5932:United Nations (I)
5831:BBC News (IX) 2012
4507:The World Factbook
3918:since joining the
3916:Commonwealth Games
3912:sitting volleyball
3876:
3822:
3692:, beef, or fish.
3624:
3551:Sometimes in April
3485:
3452:, with a blend of
3418:
3375:Same-sex marriages
3258:
3245:Religion in Rwanda
3202:Partners In Health
3187:
3163:mutuelles de santé
3143:
3085:
3004:
2589:
2532:
2403:High Media Council
2390:digital television
2277:
2137:
2122:common chimpanzees
2058:
2041:Wildlife of Rwanda
2012:
1887:between the major
1822:
1719:
1623:Sub-Saharan Africa
1608:was in operation.
1576:
1559:universal suffrage
1493:
1488:Rwandan President
1472:Politics of Rwanda
1385:
1357:Rwandan Revolution
1345:UN trust territory
1337:
1289:German East Africa
1231:
1161:German East Africa
1023:1973 military coup
1019:Grégoire Kayibanda
1003:German East Africa
908:landlocked country
904:Republic of Rwanda
718:2023 estimate
666:2023 estimate
521:Rwandan Revolution
495:German East Africa
275:Ethnic groups
232:-1.94389; 30.05944
191: (light blue)
157:"Beautiful Rwanda"
43:Republic of Rwanda
18679:
18678:
18673:
18672:
18659:
18658:
18516:Coral Sea Islands
18454:Associated states
18113:
18112:
17993:
17992:
17978:Suspended members
17816:Associate members
17626:Equatorial Guinea
17469:
17468:
17347:
17346:
17271:Foreign relations
17248:
17247:
17199:Panel of the Wise
17107:Political Affairs
16977:Executive Council
16920:Secretary General
16898:Sirte Declaration
16818:
16817:
16814:
16813:
16780:
16779:
16726:
16725:
16661:South West Africa
16587:
16586:
16551:
16550:
16426:
16425:
16146:Equatorial Guinea
16003:
16002:
15968:
15967:
15892:Human trafficking
15844:
15843:
15783:
15782:
15760:Political parties
15711:Foreign relations
15683:
15682:
15611:Rwandan Civil War
15606:Bugesera invasion
15587:Ruzagayura famine
15560:Kingdom of Rwanda
15087:World Bank (XI).
15045:World Bank (IX).
14982:World Bank (VI).
14940:World Bank (IV).
14898:World Bank (II).
14866:978-1-4051-4567-1
14845:978-1-4438-1993-0
14649:(25 March 2008).
14052:on 5 October 2015
14032:978-0-8225-8570-1
14011:978-0-8014-6714-1
13932:Southern Province
13488:. New York, N.Y.
13385:(14 April 2010).
13374:978-1-85065-243-4
12998:978-1-920689-40-7
12753:on 5 October 2015
12683:978-1-4081-5884-5
12445:978-1-85984-588-2
12328:978-1-84859-912-3
12240:978-0-691-10280-1
12182:. Milton Keynes.
12076:978-0719-00-671-5
11976:978-0-415-61608-9
11943:978-0-7614-2333-1
11846:978-0-444-51678-7
11657:978-1-56432-366-8
11633:978-1-138-83960-1
11600:978-0-8442-8983-0
11444:978-0-330-37120-9
11198:978-0-8108-2820-9
11149:. New York, N.Y.
11141:"What Is Coltan?"
11119:978-0-09-947893-5
11112:. London: Arrow.
11062:Brewer's Guardian
10992:. New York, N.Y.
10916:978-1-890951-34-4
10869:on 2 January 2018
10671:978-1-84162-180-7
10420:978-0-521-36357-0
10098:The Africa Report
10084:978-2-7469-2037-8
9999:978-0-19-533770-9
9848:on 3 October 2015
9832:978-92-64-02243-0
9787:978-0-313-33177-0
9522:, pp. 86–90.
9484:Kezio-Musoke 2014
9390:, pp. 54–55.
9290:, pp. 55–56.
9194:, pp. 68–70.
9046:"Gay Rwanda 2008"
8657:World Bank (VIII)
8302:, pp. 11–12.
8266:, pp. 46–47.
7864:World Bank (XIII)
7714:, pp. 25–26.
7408:978-92-805-3432-0
7182:. 24 March 2023.
6260:Southern Province
6233:BBC News (I) 2006
6052:BBC News (X) 2012
5544:978-1-78360-248-3
5316:BBC News (V) 2010
5165:, pp. 74–76.
5084:, pp. 58–59.
5036:, pp. 56–57.
4877:, pp. 13–14.
4809:, pp. 88–89.
4785:, pp. 10–11.
4592:. 13 March 2024.
4510:(2024 ed.).
4407:978-0-226-27666-3
4348:(10): 1911–1930.
4323:978-0-203-34682-2
4245:978-0-300-23591-3
3993:Outline of Rwanda
3864:Rising from Ashes
3843:Paralympic sports
3814:Adrien Niyonshuti
3605:Cuisine of Rwanda
3580:community service
3565:national holidays
3563:Fourteen regular
3402:Culture of Rwanda
2981:
2980:
2625:Northern Corridor
2577:diesel generators
2524:
2523:
2464:In October 2019,
2459:wireless internet
2348:mountain gorillas
2223:Economy of Rwanda
2169:handsome spurfowl
2126:Ruwenzori colobus
2054:mountain gorillas
2019:tropical highland
2009:Virunga Mountains
1977:East African Rift
1868:to the east, and
1784:Southern Province
1780:Northern Province
1772:), and villages (
1679:Second Congo Wars
1662:Second Congo Wars
1539:every seven years
1533:, commanding the
1531:Cabinet of Rwanda
1429:Second Congo Wars
1393:Rwandan Civil War
1383:Genocide Memorial
1281:Berlin Conference
1247:Kingdom of Rwanda
1243:Kingdom of Rwanda
1179:long humid period
1157:History of Rwanda
1111:that it exports.
1033:(RPF) launched a
995:Kingdom of Rwanda
912:Great Rift Valley
902:, officially the
897:
896:
774:medium inequality
743:• Per capita
691:• Per capita
565:18 September 1962
534:Republic declared
482:Kingdom of Rwanda
169:
77:Jamhuri ya Rwanda
16:(Redirected from
18806:
18711:
18710:
18708:
18707:
18706:
18701:
18697:
18694:
18693:
18692:
18689:
18636:Pitcairn Islands
18606:Falkland Islands
18506:Christmas Island
18482:
18481:
18344:Papua New Guinea
18159:Sovereign states
18140:
18133:
18126:
18117:
18116:
18103:
18102:
17516:
17515:
17496:
17489:
17482:
17473:
17472:
17459:
17458:
17371:Development Bank
17259:
17258:
17141:Women and Gender
17137:Economic Affairs
17066:Gallagher Estate
16970:
16969:
16878:Casablanca Group
16845:
16838:
16831:
16822:
16821:
16807:
16789:
16788:
16750:
16749:
16736:
16685:Kapitaï and Koba
16679:
16632:
16631:
16614:
16607:
16600:
16591:
16590:
16575:
16563:
16562:
16439:
16438:
16396:
16395:
16348:
16142:(partly in Asia)
16062:Sovereign states
16043:
16036:
16029:
16020:
16019:
16011:Related articles
16007:
16006:
15988:
15981:
15855:
15854:
15809:
15794:
15793:
15755:Decentralization
15694:
15693:
15643:
15642:
15628:Second Congo War
15616:Rwandan genocide
15599:Coup of Gitarama
15523:
15516:
15509:
15500:
15499:
15473:
15472:
15431:
15370:
15368:
15366:
15346:
15344:
15342:
15333:. Archived from
15322:
15320:
15318:
15294:
15292:
15290:
15285:on 24 March 2012
15284:
15278:. Archived from
15277:
15267:
15265:
15263:
15254:. Archived from
15239:
15237:
15235:
15215:
15213:
15211:
15202:. Archived from
15178:
15176:
15174:
15168:
15162:. Archived from
15161:
15146:
15144:
15142:
15125:
15123:
15121:
15104:
15102:
15100:
15083:
15081:
15079:
15066:World Bank (X).
15062:
15060:
15058:
15041:
15039:
15037:
15020:
15018:
15016:
14999:
14997:
14995:
14978:
14976:
14974:
14961:World Bank (V).
14957:
14955:
14953:
14936:
14934:
14932:
14915:
14913:
14911:
14894:
14892:
14890:
14881:. Archived from
14870:
14849:
14828:
14799:
14797:
14795:
14786:. Archived from
14774:
14772:
14770:
14764:
14753:
14740:
14738:
14736:
14715:
14713:
14711:
14690:
14688:
14686:
14666:
14664:
14662:
14653:. Archived from
14642:
14640:
14638:
14621:
14619:
14617:
14611:
14604:
14595:
14593:
14591:
14580:Background Notes
14567:
14565:
14563:
14543:
14541:
14539:
14530:. Archived from
14519:
14517:
14515:
14509:
14502:
14489:
14487:
14485:
14479:
14472:
14462:
14460:
14458:
14449:. Archived from
14441:
14439:
14437:
14428:. Archived from
14420:
14418:
14416:
14407:. Archived from
14399:
14397:
14395:
14389:
14383:. Archived from
14382:
14372:
14370:
14368:
14348:
14346:
14344:
14324:
14322:
14320:
14300:
14298:
14296:
14275:
14273:
14271:
14250:
14248:
14246:
14225:
14223:
14221:
14201:
14199:
14197:
14180:
14178:
14176:
14135:
14133:
14131:
14122:. Johannesburg.
14110:
14108:
14106:
14085:
14083:
14081:
14061:
14059:
14057:
14046:The East African
14036:
14015:
13994:
13992:
13990:
13984:
13977:
13964:
13951:
13949:
13947:
13938:. Archived from
13927:
13925:
13923:
13902:
13900:
13898:
13892:
13885:
13875:
13873:
13871:
13860:The East African
13850:
13848:
13846:
13829:
13827:
13825:
13815:
13790:
13788:
13786:
13780:
13773:
13763:
13761:
13759:
13753:
13746:
13736:
13734:
13732:
13715:
13709:
13701:
13699:
13697:
13676:
13670:
13662:
13660:
13658:
13637:
13635:
13633:
13628:on 14 March 2012
13624:. Archived from
13613:
13611:
13609:
13592:
13590:
13588:
13583:on 13 April 2012
13579:. Archived from
13577:"National Parks"
13571:
13569:
13567:
13558:. Archived from
13550:
13548:
13546:
13541:on 14 April 2015
13525:
13523:
13521:
13501:
13499:
13497:
13477:
13475:
13473:
13450:
13448:
13446:
13426:
13424:
13422:
13402:
13400:
13398:
13378:
13357:
13355:
13353:
13330:
13328:
13326:
13317:. Archived from
13301:
13299:
13297:
13277:
13275:
13273:
13253:
13251:
13249:
13232:
13230:
13228:
13222:
13216:. Archived from
13211:
13198:
13196:
13194:
13173:
13171:
13169:
13152:
13150:
13148:
13115:
13113:
13111:
13090:
13088:
13086:
13066:
13064:
13062:
13057:on 20 March 2014
13056:
13050:. Archived from
13037:
13027:
13025:
13023:
13002:
12981:
12979:
12977:
12960:
12958:
12956:
12950:
12944:. Archived from
12943:
12933:
12931:
12929:
12923:
12917:. Archived from
12916:
12906:
12904:
12902:
12881:
12879:
12877:
12856:
12854:
12852:
12831:
12812:
12810:
12808:
12787:
12785:
12783:
12762:
12760:
12758:
12747:The East African
12737:
12735:
12733:
12712:
12710:
12708:
12687:
12668:
12666:
12664:
12647:
12645:
12643:
12638:on 29 March 2013
12634:. Archived from
12626:
12624:
12622:
12613:. Archived from
12605:
12603:
12601:
12592:. Archived from
12584:
12582:
12580:
12574:
12568:. Archived from
12567:
12554:
12552:
12550:
12544:
12537:
12527:
12525:
12523:
12518:on 11 March 2012
12517:
12511:. Archived from
12510:
12504:(13 July 2010).
12497:
12495:
12493:
12488:on 23 March 2012
12484:. Archived from
12476:
12474:
12472:
12449:
12428:
12426:
12424:
12418:
12407:
12397:
12395:
12393:
12372:
12370:
12368:
12347:
12345:
12343:
12337:
12316:
12306:
12304:
12302:
12281:
12279:
12277:
12256:
12254:
12252:
12225:Mamdani, Mahmood
12220:
12218:
12216:
12195:
12193:
12191:
12170:
12168:
12166:
12143:
12141:
12139:
12130:. Archived from
12126:. Johannesburg:
12118:
12099:
12080:
12059:
12057:
12055:
12032:
12030:
12028:
12007:
12005:
12003:
11998:on 30 April 2015
11980:
11959:
11957:
11955:
11926:
11924:
11922:
11913:. Archived from
11902:
11900:
11898:
11877:
11875:
11873:
11867:
11861:. Archived from
11860:
11850:
11829:
11800:
11798:
11796:
11783:(4 March 2015).
11776:
11774:
11772:
11748:
11746:
11744:
11738:
11731:
11721:
11719:
11717:
11697:
11695:
11693:
11673:
11671:
11669:
11637:
11616:
11614:
11612:
11583:
11581:
11579:
11570:. Archived from
11558:
11556:
11554:
11533:
11531:
11529:
11508:
11506:
11504:
11495:. Archived from
11484:
11482:
11480:
11471:. Archived from
11460:
11458:
11456:
11427:
11425:
11423:
11403:
11401:
11399:
11390:. Archived from
11379:
11377:
11375:
11351:
11349:
11347:
11324:
11320:978-1-49851944-1
11305:
11303:
11301:
11280:
11278:
11276:
11256:
11254:
11252:
11229:
11227:
11225:
11202:
11183:
11181:
11179:
11174:on 14 April 2015
11170:. Archived from
11162:
11160:
11158:
11135:
11133:
11131:
11102:
11100:
11098:
11085:(27 July 2012).
11078:
11076:
11074:
11069:on 5 August 2019
11051:
11049:
11047:
11026:
11024:
11022:
11017:on 25 March 2009
11013:. Archived from
11005:
11003:
11001:
10978:
10976:
10974:
10953:
10951:
10949:
10938:"Rwanda: Cities"
10932:
10930:
10928:
10899:
10897:
10895:
10878:
10876:
10874:
10865:. Archived from
10853:
10851:
10849:
10840:. Archived from
10828:
10826:
10824:
10798:
10796:
10794:
10777:
10775:
10773:
10750:
10748:
10746:
10725:
10723:
10721:
10700:
10698:
10696:
10675:
10654:
10653:. New York, N.Y.
10643:
10641:
10639:
10630:. Archived from
10619:
10617:
10615:
10606:. Archived from
10595:
10593:
10591:
10582:. Archived from
10571:
10534:
10532:
10530:
10507:
10505:
10503:
10482:
10480:
10478:
10457:
10455:
10453:
10436:
10434:
10432:
10401:
10399:
10397:
10377:
10375:
10373:
10353:
10351:
10349:
10332:
10330:
10328:
10311:
10309:
10307:
10290:
10288:
10286:
10269:
10267:
10265:
10248:
10246:
10244:
10227:
10225:
10223:
10206:
10204:
10202:
10185:
10183:
10181:
10164:
10162:
10160:
10140:
10138:
10136:
10130:
10123:
10113:
10111:
10109:
10088:
10067:
10065:
10063:
10040:
10038:
10036:
10015:
10013:
10011:
9982:
9980:
9978:
9957:
9955:
9953:
9933:
9931:
9929:
9908:
9906:
9904:
9881:
9879:
9877:
9857:
9855:
9853:
9836:
9815:
9813:
9811:
9791:
9757:
9751:
9745:
9739:
9733:
9727:
9721:
9715:
9709:
9703:
9697:
9691:
9685:
9679:
9673:
9667:
9661:
9655:
9649:
9643:
9637:
9631:
9625:
9619:
9610:
9604:
9595:
9589:
9583:
9577:
9571:
9568:Hoye et al. 2015
9565:
9559:
9553:
9547:
9541:
9535:
9529:
9523:
9517:
9511:
9505:
9499:
9493:
9487:
9481:
9475:
9469:
9463:
9457:
9451:
9445:
9439:
9433:
9427:
9421:
9415:
9409:
9403:
9397:
9391:
9385:
9376:
9370:
9364:
9358:
9347:
9341:
9330:
9324:
9315:
9309:
9303:
9297:
9291:
9285:
9279:
9273:
9267:
9261:
9255:
9249:
9243:
9237:
9231:
9225:
9219:
9213:
9207:
9201:
9195:
9189:
9183:
9177:
9171:
9165:
9159:
9153:
9147:
9141:
9135:
9129:
9123:
9117:
9108:
9107:
9105:
9103:
9084:
9078:
9072:
9066:
9060:
9054:
9053:
9052:on 17 July 2012.
9042:
9033:
9030:
9021:
9015:
9009:
9008:
9006:
9004:
8985:
8979:
8966:
8960:
8954:
8948:
8942:
8936:
8930:
8921:
8920:
8918:
8916:
8897:
8891:
8885:
8879:
8873:
8864:
8863:
8861:
8859:
8853:
8846:
8838:
8827:
8821:
8815:
8809:
8803:
8797:
8791:
8785:
8779:
8773:
8767:
8761:
8755:
8749:
8743:
8742:
8740:
8738:
8719:
8713:
8710:USAID (III) 2015
8707:
8696:
8690:
8684:
8678:
8672:
8666:
8660:
8654:
8648:
8645:World Bank (VII)
8642:
8636:
8635:
8633:
8631:
8616:
8610:
8604:
8598:
8592:
8586:
8580:
8571:
8565:
8556:
8550:
8544:
8538:
8532:
8526:
8520:
8514:
8508:
8502:
8496:
8490:
8484:
8483:
8481:
8479:
8468:
8462:
8456:
8450:
8447:World Bank (III)
8444:
8438:
8432:
8426:
8420:
8414:
8408:
8402:
8396:
8390:
8384:
8378:
8372:
8366:
8360:
8351:
8345:
8339:
8333:
8327:
8321:
8315:
8309:
8303:
8297:
8291:
8285:
8279:
8273:
8267:
8261:
8255:
8249:
8243:
8237:
8231:
8225:
8219:
8213:
8204:
8198:
8189:
8183:
8177:
8171:
8162:
8156:
8150:
8147:Streissguth 2007
8144:
8138:
8132:
8126:
8120:
8114:
8108:
8102:
8096:
8090:
8084:
8078:
8077:
8075:
8073:
8057:
8051:
8045:
8036:
8035:
8033:
8031:
8016:
8010:
8004:
7995:
7989:
7983:
7977:
7971:
7965:
7959:
7953:
7944:
7938:
7932:
7926:
7920:
7914:
7903:
7897:
7891:
7885:
7879:
7873:
7867:
7861:
7855:
7849:
7843:
7837:
7826:
7820:
7814:
7813:
7811:
7809:
7800:. 1 April 2019.
7790:
7784:
7783:
7781:
7779:
7773:
7762:
7750:
7744:
7738:
7727:
7721:
7715:
7709:
7703:
7697:
7686:
7680:
7671:
7670:
7668:
7666:
7647:
7641:
7635:
7629:
7623:
7614:
7608:
7602:
7596:
7590:
7584:
7578:
7572:
7563:
7557:
7551:
7545:
7536:
7530:
7524:
7518:
7512:
7506:
7500:
7494:
7488:
7482:
7476:
7470:
7464:
7458:
7445:
7444:
7438:
7434:
7432:
7424:
7422:
7420:
7384:
7378:
7372:
7366:
7360:
7354:
7348:
7339:
7333:
7327:
7321:
7315:
7309:
7300:
7294:
7288:
7282:
7273:
7267:
7261:
7255:
7246:
7240:
7234:
7228:
7222:
7221:
7219:
7217:
7202:
7196:
7195:
7193:
7191:
7176:
7170:
7164:
7158:
7152:
7139:
7133:
7127:
7121:
7115:
7109:
7103:
7102:
7100:
7098:
7089:. Archived from
7079:
7073:
7072:
7070:
7068:
7058:
7050:
7044:
7038:
7032:
7031:
7029:
7027:
7008:
7002:
7001:
6991:
6973:
6941:
6935:
6934:
6924:
6906:
6882:
6876:
6870:
6864:
6858:
6852:
6846:
6840:
6834:
6823:
6822:
6821:– via NPR.
6820:
6818:
6802:
6796:
6795:
6793:
6791:
6772:
6766:
6765:
6763:
6761:
6752:. 26 June 2019.
6742:
6736:
6735:
6733:
6731:
6712:
6706:
6700:
6694:
6688:
6682:
6676:
6670:
6664:
6658:
6652:
6646:
6640:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6629:
6623:
6616:
6608:
6602:
6596:
6590:
6584:
6578:
6572:
6563:
6560:Bucyensenge 2014
6557:
6551:
6545:
6536:
6530:
6524:
6518:
6512:
6506:
6500:
6494:
6488:
6482:
6476:
6470:
6464:
6458:
6452:
6446:
6437:
6417:
6411:
6405:
6399:
6393:
6387:
6381:
6375:
6369:
6363:
6357:
6351:
6345:
6339:
6333:
6320:
6314:
6308:
6302:
6293:
6287:
6278:
6272:
6263:
6257:
6251:
6245:
6236:
6230:
6224:
6223:
6221:
6219:
6208:www.statoids.com
6199:
6193:
6187:
6181:
6175:
6169:
6163:
6157:
6156:
6154:
6152:
6136:
6130:
6129:
6127:
6125:
6109:
6103:
6097:
6091:
6085:
6079:
6073:
6067:
6061:
6055:
6049:
6043:
6037:
6031:
6025:
6019:
6013:
6007:
6001:
5995:
5989:
5983:
5977:
5971:
5965:
5959:
5953:
5947:
5941:
5935:
5929:
5923:
5922:
5920:
5918:
5900:
5894:
5888:
5882:
5876:
5870:
5864:
5858:
5852:
5846:
5840:
5834:
5828:
5822:
5816:
5810:
5804:
5798:
5792:
5786:
5780:
5771:
5765:
5759:
5753:
5747:
5741:
5735:
5729:
5723:
5717:
5711:
5705:
5699:
5693:
5687:
5681:
5675:
5669:
5663:
5657:
5651:
5645:
5636:
5630:
5624:
5618:
5612:
5606:
5600:
5594:
5588:
5582:
5576:
5570:
5564:
5563:
5561:
5559:
5553:
5532:
5521:
5515:
5514:
5504:
5480:
5474:
5473:
5445:
5439:
5433:
5394:
5388:
5382:
5376:
5370:
5364:
5358:
5352:
5343:
5337:
5331:
5325:
5319:
5313:
5304:
5298:
5292:
5286:
5280:
5274:
5268:
5262:
5256:
5250:
5244:
5238:
5232:
5226:
5220:
5214:
5208:
5202:
5196:
5190:
5181:
5175:
5166:
5160:
5154:
5148:
5142:
5141:
5139:
5137:
5115:
5109:
5103:
5097:
5091:
5085:
5079:
5073:
5067:
5061:
5055:
5049:
5043:
5037:
5031:
5025:
5019:
5010:
5004:
4998:
4992:
4986:
4980:
4974:
4971:
4965:
4959:
4953:
4952:
4950:
4948:
4920:
4914:
4908:
4902:
4896:
4890:
4884:
4878:
4872:
4866:
4860:
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4828:
4822:
4816:
4810:
4804:
4798:
4792:
4786:
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4774:
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4750:
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4711:
4705:
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4688:
4682:
4676:
4670:
4664:
4658:
4657:
4655:
4653:
4638:
4632:
4631:
4629:
4627:
4612:
4606:
4605:
4603:
4601:
4582:
4576:
4573:World Bank (XII)
4570:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4559:
4536:
4523:
4522:
4520:
4518:
4498:
4492:
4491:
4489:
4487:
4447:
4438:
4437:
4431:
4423:
4421:
4419:
4383:
4374:
4373:
4337:
4328:
4327:
4305:
4296:
4295:
4293:
4291:
4280:The Conversation
4271:
4262:
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4257:
4226:
4217:
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4212:
4193:
4187:
4186:
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4179:
4160:
4144:
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4141:
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4134:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4102:
4099:
4098:
4095:
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4089:
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4073:
4062:
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4054:
4053:
4046:
4043:
4042:
4039:
4036:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4017:
4009:
3982:
3977:
3976:
3975:
3884:Paralympic Games
3589:
3585:
3126:Health in Rwanda
2984:As of 2015, the
2811:
2801:
2774:
2764:
2728:
2716:
2715:
2530:Rural water pump
2519:
2516:
2510:
2498:
2497:
2490:
2482:Energy in Rwanda
2466:Mara Corporation
2344:mountain gorilla
2188:praying mantises
2118:mountain gorilla
1974:
1792:Western Province
1788:Eastern Province
1777:
1771:
1765:
1755:
1745:
1731:
1613:
1549:consists of two
1442:
1419:, in particular
1405:Rwandan genocide
1349:Second World War
1304:in 1916, during
1270:
1264:
1255:Kigeli Rwabugiri
1183:hunter-gatherers
1173:, either in the
1043:Rwandan genocide
975:Hunter-gatherers
924:Southeast Africa
834:
801:
800:
794:
793:
787:
776:
775:
767:
751:
750:
732:
731:
715:
699:
698:
680:
679:
663:
630:13,623,302 (
463:
416:Édouard Ngirente
238:
237:
235:
234:
233:
228:
224:
221:
220:
219:
216:
201:and largest city
182:
171:
170:
158:
152:
151:
115:
101:
88:
87:
79:
73:
65:
59:
51:
39:
38:
21:
18814:
18813:
18809:
18808:
18807:
18805:
18804:
18803:
18714:
18713:
18704:
18702:
18698:
18695:
18690:
18687:
18685:
18683:
18682:
18680:
18675:
18674:
18669:
18655:
18555:
18545:Ross Dependency
18530:
18471:
18448:
18389:Solomon Islands
18161:
18153:
18144:
18114:
18109:
18091:
18070:
18031:French language
18019:
17989:
17973:
17847:
17811:
17785:
17681:North Macedonia
17505:
17500:
17470:
17465:
17447:
17416:
17395:
17343:
17310:
17244:
17228:
17175:
17149:
17088:
17070:
17042:
17009:
16991:
16959:
16926:
16854:
16849:
16819:
16810:
16801:
16776:
16739:
16722:
16701:
16675:
16649:Kionga Triangle
16623:
16618:
16588:
16583:
16547:
16531:
16500:
16479:
16475:Pelagie Islands
16458:
16434:
16432:
16422:
16410:
16392:
16389:
16381:
16360:
16357:
16349:
16340:
16056:
16047:
16012:
16004:
15999:
15991:
15984:
15977:
15964:
15955:Public holidays
15911:
15877:Gender equality
15840:
15807:
15779:
15728:Law enforcement
15679:
15632:
15536:
15527:
15470:
15459:
15426:
15378:
15373:
15364:
15362:
15340:
15338:
15316:
15314:
15288:
15286:
15282:
15275:
15261:
15259:
15258:on 2 April 2012
15233:
15231:
15209:
15207:
15194:(11): 817–908.
15172:
15170:
15169:on 4 March 2016
15166:
15159:
15140:
15138:
15119:
15117:
15098:
15096:
15077:
15075:
15056:
15054:
15035:
15033:
15014:
15012:
14993:
14991:
14972:
14970:
14951:
14949:
14930:
14928:
14909:
14907:
14888:
14886:
14885:on 3 April 2012
14867:
14846:
14793:
14791:
14790:on 8 April 2015
14768:
14766:
14762:
14751:
14734:
14732:
14709:
14707:
14684:
14682:
14660:
14658:
14657:on 2 April 2014
14636:
14634:
14615:
14613:
14612:on 7 March 2017
14609:
14602:
14589:
14587:
14561:
14559:
14537:
14535:
14534:on 4 March 2016
14513:
14511:
14507:
14500:
14483:
14481:
14477:
14470:
14456:
14454:
14435:
14433:
14414:
14412:
14393:
14391:
14390:on 1 April 2012
14387:
14380:
14366:
14364:
14342:
14340:
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14316:
14294:
14292:
14269:
14267:
14244:
14242:
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14195:
14193:
14174:
14172:
14129:
14127:
14104:
14102:
14079:
14077:
14055:
14053:
14033:
14012:
13988:
13986:
13982:
13975:
13945:
13943:
13942:on 4 March 2012
13921:
13919:
13896:
13894:
13890:
13883:
13869:
13867:
13844:
13842:
13823:
13821:
13800:Language Policy
13784:
13782:
13778:
13771:
13757:
13755:
13751:
13744:
13730:
13728:
13703:
13702:
13695:
13693:
13664:
13663:
13656:
13654:
13631:
13629:
13607:
13605:
13586:
13584:
13565:
13563:
13544:
13542:
13535:The EastAfrican
13519:
13517:
13495:
13493:
13471:
13469:
13461:Financial Times
13444:
13442:
13435:The Independent
13420:
13418:
13396:
13394:
13375:
13351:
13349:
13324:
13322:
13295:
13293:
13292:on 13 June 2017
13271:
13269:
13260:(4 June 2003).
13247:
13245:
13226:
13224:
13220:
13209:
13192:
13190:
13167:
13165:
13146:
13144:
13109:
13107:
13084:
13082:
13060:
13058:
13054:
13035:
13021:
13019:
13012:The EastAfrican
12999:
12975:
12973:
12954:
12952:
12948:
12941:
12927:
12925:
12921:
12914:
12900:
12898:
12875:
12873:
12850:
12848:
12828:
12818:Atlas of Rwanda
12806:
12804:
12781:
12779:
12756:
12754:
12731:
12729:
12706:
12704:
12684:
12662:
12660:
12641:
12639:
12620:
12618:
12599:
12597:
12578:
12576:
12575:on 4 March 2016
12572:
12565:
12548:
12546:
12542:
12535:
12521:
12519:
12515:
12508:
12491:
12489:
12470:
12468:
12460:The Independent
12446:
12422:
12420:
12419:on 4 March 2014
12416:
12405:
12391:
12389:
12366:
12364:
12341:
12339:
12335:
12329:
12314:
12300:
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12248:
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12214:
12212:
12189:
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12162:
12137:
12135:
12115:
12096:
12077:
12053:
12051:
12026:
12024:
12001:
11999:
11977:
11953:
11951:
11944:
11920:
11918:
11896:
11894:
11871:
11869:
11868:on 4 March 2016
11865:
11858:
11847:
11818:10.2307/1166503
11794:
11792:
11770:
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11525:
11502:
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11476:
11454:
11452:
11445:
11421:
11419:
11397:
11395:
11394:on 1 April 2014
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11096:
11094:
11083:CyclingNews.com
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10345:
10326:
10324:
10305:
10303:
10284:
10282:
10263:
10261:
10242:
10240:
10221:
10219:
10200:
10198:
10179:
10177:
10158:
10156:
10134:
10132:
10128:
10121:
10107:
10105:
10085:
10061:
10059:
10051:The EastAfrican
10034:
10032:
10009:
10007:
10000:
9976:
9974:
9951:
9949:
9927:
9925:
9902:
9900:
9875:
9873:
9851:
9849:
9833:
9809:
9807:
9788:
9778:Greenwood Press
9765:
9760:
9752:
9748:
9740:
9736:
9728:
9724:
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9712:
9704:
9700:
9692:
9688:
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9676:
9668:
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9644:
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9605:
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9574:
9566:
9562:
9554:
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9506:
9502:
9494:
9490:
9482:
9478:
9470:
9466:
9458:
9454:
9446:
9442:
9434:
9430:
9422:
9418:
9410:
9406:
9398:
9394:
9386:
9379:
9371:
9367:
9359:
9350:
9342:
9333:
9325:
9318:
9310:
9306:
9298:
9294:
9286:
9282:
9274:
9270:
9262:
9258:
9250:
9246:
9238:
9234:
9226:
9222:
9214:
9210:
9202:
9198:
9190:
9186:
9178:
9174:
9166:
9162:
9154:
9150:
9142:
9138:
9130:
9126:
9118:
9111:
9101:
9099:
9086:
9085:
9081:
9073:
9069:
9061:
9057:
9044:
9043:
9036:
9031:
9024:
9020:, p. 1216.
9016:
9012:
9002:
9000:
8987:
8986:
8982:
8976:Wayback Machine
8967:
8963:
8955:
8951:
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8924:
8914:
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8907:. 28 May 2019.
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8776:UNDP (III) 2015
8774:
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8736:
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8708:
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8669:World Bank (IX)
8667:
8663:
8655:
8651:
8643:
8639:
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8618:
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8613:
8605:
8601:
8595:USAID (II) 2014
8593:
8589:
8581:
8574:
8566:
8559:
8553:World Bank (VI)
8551:
8547:
8539:
8535:
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8515:
8511:
8505:World Bank (IV)
8503:
8499:
8491:
8487:
8477:
8475:
8470:
8469:
8465:
8457:
8453:
8445:
8441:
8435:Rutayisire 2013
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8361:
8354:
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8330:
8322:
8318:
8310:
8306:
8298:
8294:
8288:Jefremovas 1995
8286:
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7636:
7632:
7624:
7617:
7611:World Bank (II)
7609:
7605:
7597:
7593:
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7581:
7573:
7566:
7560:Majyambere 2010
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6609:
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6597:
6593:
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6577:, pp. 3–4.
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6430:" (In French),
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6028:Al Jazeera 2007
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5355:World Bank (XI)
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5082:Gourevitch 2000
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5044:
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5034:Gourevitch 2000
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4077:
4068:
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4049:
4048:
4021:
4012:
4011:
4010:
4006:
4001:
3978:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3932:2013 tournament
3896:mountain biking
3807:
3805:Sport in Rwanda
3801:
3607:
3601:
3587:
3583:
3524:Mfuranzima Fred
3520:Benjamin Sehene
3442:National Ballet
3404:
3398:
3386:street children
3366:
3356:
3298:
3292:
3247:
3241:
3135:Butaro Hospital
3128:
3120:Main articles:
3118:
3073:
3067:
3049:colonial powers
2982:
2812:
2806:
2802:
2775:
2769:
2765:
2733:
2732:
2729:
2726:
2724:
2721:
2713:
2711:Youth in Rwanda
2705:Main articles:
2703:
2662:Kamembe Airport
2638:motorcycle taxi
2568:Rugezi wetlands
2520:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2499:
2495:
2488:
2476:Main articles:
2474:
2378:
2376:Media of Rwanda
2370:Main articles:
2368:
2353:savanna reserve
2225:
2219:
2165:Rwenzori turaco
2103:Markhamia lutea
2043:
2037:
2001:
1985:Mount Karisimbi
1904:Lake Tanganyika
1896:drainage basins
1814:
1808:
1711:
1705:
1699:
1515:electoral fraud
1502:one-party state
1482:
1470:Main articles:
1468:
1449:life expectancy
1370:a military coup
1319:New Imperialism
1167:
1155:Main articles:
1153:
1053:one-party state
829:
798:
797:
796:
785:
773:
772:
771:
765:
744:
725:
713:
692:
673:
657:
641:
627:
610:
596:
575:
562:
549:
536:
523:
510:
506:• Part of
497:
493:• Part of
484:
459:
456:
441:
412:
397:
383:
362:
343:
311:
279:
269:
231:
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89:
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53:
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35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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18653:
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18608:
18603:
18601:Cayman Islands
18598:
18593:
18588:
18581:
18576:
18571:
18565:
18563:
18561:United Kingdom
18557:
18556:
18554:
18553:
18548:
18540:
18538:
18532:
18531:
18529:
18528:
18526:Norfolk Island
18523:
18518:
18513:
18508:
18503:
18496:
18490:
18488:
18479:
18473:
18472:
18470:
18469:
18464:
18458:
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18441:
18436:
18434:United Kingdom
18431:
18426:
18421:
18416:
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18406:
18401:
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17931:
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17906:
17901:
17896:
17891:
17886:
17881:
17879:Czech Republic
17876:
17871:
17866:
17861:
17855:
17853:
17849:
17848:
17846:
17845:
17840:
17835:
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17417:
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17373:
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17019:
17017:
17011:
17010:
17008:
17007:
17001:
16999:
16993:
16992:
16990:
16989:
16984:
16979:
16973:
16967:
16961:
16960:
16958:
16957:
16952:
16947:
16945:Extreme points
16942:
16936:
16934:
16928:
16927:
16925:
16924:
16923:
16922:
16917:
16905:
16900:
16895:
16890:
16885:
16883:Monrovia Group
16880:
16875:
16870:
16868:Pan-Africanism
16864:
16862:
16856:
16855:
16848:
16847:
16840:
16833:
16825:
16816:
16815:
16812:
16811:
16809:
16808:
16795:
16793:
16786:
16782:
16781:
16778:
16777:
16775:
16774:
16769:
16768:
16767:
16760:Kiautschou Bay
16756:
16754:
16747:
16741:
16740:
16738:
16737:
16729:
16727:
16724:
16723:
16721:
16720:
16715:
16709:
16707:
16703:
16702:
16700:
16699:
16698:
16697:
16692:
16687:
16682:
16681:
16680:
16663:
16658:
16657:
16656:
16651:
16640:
16638:
16629:
16625:
16624:
16617:
16616:
16609:
16602:
16594:
16585:
16584:
16582:
16581:
16569:
16556:
16553:
16552:
16549:
16548:
16546:
16545:
16539:
16537:
16533:
16532:
16530:
16529:
16524:
16519:
16514:
16512:Canary Islands
16508:
16506:
16502:
16501:
16499:
16498:
16496:Savage Islands
16493:
16487:
16485:
16481:
16480:
16478:
16477:
16472:
16466:
16464:
16460:
16459:
16457:
16456:
16451:
16445:
16443:
16436:
16428:
16427:
16424:
16423:
16418:
16416:
16415:United Kingdom
16412:
16411:
16409:
16408:
16402:
16400:
16393:
16386:
16383:
16382:
16380:
16379:
16374:
16363:
16361:
16354:
16351:
16350:
16343:
16341:
16339:
16338:
16333:
16328:
16323:
16318:
16313:
16308:
16303:
16298:
16293:
16288:
16283:
16278:
16273:
16268:
16263:
16258:
16253:
16248:
16243:
16238:
16233:
16228:
16223:
16218:
16213:
16208:
16203:
16198:
16193:
16188:
16183:
16178:
16173:
16168:
16163:
16158:
16153:
16148:
16143:
16137:
16132:
16127:
16122:
16117:
16112:
16107:
16102:
16097:
16092:
16087:
16082:
16077:
16072:
16066:
16064:
16058:
16057:
16046:
16045:
16038:
16031:
16023:
16017:
16014:
16013:
16001:
16000:
15998:
15997:
15990:
15989:
15982:
15974:
15973:
15970:
15969:
15966:
15965:
15963:
15962:
15957:
15952:
15947:
15942:
15937:
15932:
15927:
15921:
15919:
15913:
15912:
15910:
15909:
15904:
15899:
15894:
15889:
15884:
15879:
15874:
15869:
15864:
15858:
15852:
15846:
15845:
15842:
15841:
15839:
15838:
15833:
15828:
15823:
15821:Stock Exchange
15818:
15813:
15812:
15811:
15797:
15791:
15785:
15784:
15781:
15780:
15778:
15777:
15775:Prime Minister
15772:
15770:Vice President
15767:
15762:
15757:
15752:
15751:
15750:
15745:
15735:
15730:
15725:
15724:
15723:
15713:
15708:
15703:
15697:
15691:
15685:
15684:
15681:
15680:
15678:
15677:
15672:
15667:
15665:National parks
15662:
15657:
15652:
15646:
15640:
15634:
15633:
15631:
15630:
15625:
15624:
15623:
15621:Initial events
15613:
15608:
15603:
15602:
15601:
15591:
15590:
15589:
15584:
15574:
15569:
15568:
15567:
15557:
15552:
15546:
15544:
15538:
15537:
15526:
15525:
15518:
15511:
15503:
15497:
15496:
15493:Rwanda Tourism
15483:
15482:
15467:
15441:
15432:
15424:
15418:Rwanda profile
15415:
15392:
15391:
15377:
15376:External links
15374:
15372:
15371:
15347:
15323:
15295:
15268:
15240:
15216:
15179:
15147:
15126:
15105:
15084:
15063:
15042:
15021:
15000:
14979:
14958:
14937:
14916:
14895:
14875:World Bank (I)
14871:
14865:
14850:
14844:
14829:
14811:(6): 931–952.
14800:
14784:Sport Magazine
14775:
14741:
14716:
14691:
14667:
14643:
14622:
14596:
14568:
14544:
14520:
14490:
14463:
14442:
14421:
14400:
14373:
14349:
14325:
14301:
14276:
14251:
14226:
14202:
14181:
14136:
14111:
14086:
14062:
14037:
14031:
14016:
14010:
13995:
13965:
13952:
13928:
13903:
13876:
13851:
13830:
13806:(3): 191–215.
13791:
13764:
13737:
13716:
13677:
13638:
13614:
13593:
13572:
13562:on 11 May 2012
13551:
13526:
13502:
13478:
13451:
13427:
13403:
13379:
13373:
13358:
13331:
13302:
13278:
13254:
13233:
13199:
13174:
13153:
13116:
13091:
13067:
13028:
13003:
12997:
12982:
12961:
12934:
12907:
12882:
12857:
12832:
12826:
12813:
12788:
12763:
12738:
12713:
12688:
12682:
12669:
12648:
12627:
12606:
12585:
12555:
12528:
12498:
12477:
12450:
12444:
12429:
12398:
12373:
12348:
12327:
12307:
12282:
12257:
12239:
12221:
12196:
12171:
12144:
12119:
12113:
12100:
12095:978-0521269537
12094:
12081:
12075:
12060:
12033:
12008:
11981:
11975:
11960:
11942:
11927:
11903:
11887:Inspire Rwanda
11878:
11851:
11845:
11830:
11801:
11777:
11749:
11722:
11698:
11674:
11656:
11638:
11632:
11617:
11599:
11584:
11559:
11534:
11509:
11485:
11461:
11443:
11428:
11404:
11380:
11352:
11325:
11319:
11306:
11281:
11257:
11230:
11203:
11197:
11184:
11163:
11136:
11118:
11103:
11079:
11052:
11027:
11006:
10979:
10954:
10933:
10915:
10900:
10879:
10854:
10829:
10799:
10778:
10751:
10726:
10701:
10676:
10670:
10655:
10650:Dance Magazine
10644:
10624:Bralirwa (III)
10620:
10610:on 4 July 2015
10596:
10586:on 3 July 2015
10572:
10552:10.2307/523892
10535:
10508:
10483:
10458:
10437:
10419:
10402:
10382:BBC Sport (II)
10378:
10354:
10333:
10312:
10291:
10270:
10249:
10228:
10207:
10186:
10165:
10141:
10114:
10089:
10083:
10068:
10041:
10016:
9998:
9983:
9958:
9934:
9909:
9882:
9858:
9837:
9831:
9816:
9792:
9786:
9766:
9764:
9761:
9759:
9758:
9746:
9734:
9722:
9710:
9698:
9686:
9674:
9662:
9650:
9638:
9626:
9611:
9596:
9584:
9572:
9570:, p. 206.
9560:
9548:
9536:
9524:
9512:
9500:
9488:
9476:
9464:
9452:
9448:Bralirwa (III)
9440:
9428:
9416:
9404:
9392:
9377:
9365:
9348:
9331:
9316:
9304:
9292:
9280:
9268:
9256:
9254:, p. 105.
9244:
9232:
9220:
9208:
9196:
9184:
9172:
9170:, p. 139.
9160:
9148:
9136:
9124:
9109:
9079:
9067:
9055:
9034:
9022:
9010:
8980:
8961:
8949:
8937:
8922:
8892:
8880:
8865:
8828:
8816:
8804:
8792:
8788:UNDP (IV) 2015
8780:
8768:
8764:UNDP (II) 2015
8756:
8744:
8714:
8697:
8685:
8673:
8661:
8649:
8637:
8611:
8599:
8587:
8583:Rosenberg 2012
8572:
8557:
8545:
8541:World Bank (V)
8533:
8521:
8509:
8497:
8485:
8463:
8459:World Bank (I)
8451:
8439:
8427:
8423:MacGregor 2014
8415:
8403:
8391:
8379:
8377:, p. 931.
8367:
8365:, p. 935.
8352:
8340:
8328:
8316:
8304:
8292:
8280:
8268:
8256:
8244:
8232:
8220:
8205:
8190:
8178:
8163:
8151:
8139:
8137:, p. 215.
8127:
8115:
8111:CIA (III) 2011
8103:
8091:
8079:
8052:
8037:
8011:
7996:
7984:
7972:
7968:Tumwebaze 2015
7960:
7945:
7933:
7921:
7904:
7892:
7890:, p. 439.
7880:
7868:
7856:
7844:
7827:
7815:
7785:
7756:(April 2024).
7754:Rwanda, UNICEF
7745:
7741:USAID (I) 2008
7728:
7726:, p. 533.
7716:
7712:MINECOFIN 2002
7704:
7687:
7672:
7642:
7630:
7615:
7603:
7591:
7579:
7564:
7552:
7537:
7525:
7521:Southwood 2013
7513:
7501:
7489:
7477:
7465:
7446:
7437:|website=
7407:
7379:
7367:
7355:
7340:
7328:
7316:
7301:
7289:
7274:
7262:
7247:
7235:
7231:Tumwebaze 2016
7223:
7197:
7171:
7159:
7140:
7136:FAO / WFP 1997
7128:
7116:
7104:
7093:on 17 May 2024
7074:
7045:
7033:
7003:
6936:
6897:(6): 534–545.
6877:
6865:
6853:
6841:
6824:
6797:
6767:
6737:
6707:
6695:
6683:
6681:, p. 140.
6671:
6659:
6647:
6635:
6603:
6591:
6579:
6564:
6552:
6537:
6525:
6513:
6501:
6489:
6477:
6465:
6453:
6438:
6412:
6410:, p. 522.
6400:
6398:, p. 153.
6388:
6384:Jørgensen 2005
6376:
6364:
6352:
6340:
6321:
6309:
6294:
6279:
6264:
6252:
6237:
6225:
6194:
6182:
6170:
6158:
6131:
6104:
6092:
6080:
6068:
6056:
6044:
6032:
6020:
6016:USA Today 2008
6008:
5996:
5984:
5972:
5960:
5948:
5936:
5924:
5895:
5883:
5871:
5869:, article 182.
5859:
5847:
5835:
5823:
5811:
5799:
5787:
5785:, article 143.
5772:
5760:
5748:
5746:, article 148.
5736:
5734:, article 140.
5724:
5712:
5700:
5698:, article 116.
5688:
5676:
5674:, article 112.
5664:
5662:, article 189.
5652:
5650:, article 110.
5637:
5635:, article 117.
5625:
5613:
5601:
5589:
5585:Panapress 2003
5577:
5565:
5543:
5516:
5495:(2): 181–204.
5475:
5440:
5395:
5383:
5371:
5359:
5344:
5340:World Bank (X)
5332:
5320:
5305:
5303:, p. 312.
5293:
5291:, p. 364.
5281:
5279:, p. 299.
5269:
5267:, p. 386.
5257:
5245:
5233:
5221:
5209:
5197:
5182:
5167:
5155:
5143:
5110:
5098:
5086:
5074:
5072:, p. 267.
5062:
5050:
5038:
5026:
5024:, p. 450.
5011:
4999:
4997:, p. 270.
4987:
4985:, p. 260.
4975:
4966:
4954:
4935:
4915:
4903:
4901:, p. 217.
4891:
4879:
4867:
4850:
4848:, p. 160.
4835:
4833:, p. 482.
4823:
4821:, p. 141.
4811:
4799:
4787:
4775:
4763:
4751:
4739:
4724:
4712:
4695:
4683:
4671:
4659:
4633:
4607:
4577:
4565:
4524:
4493:
4439:
4406:
4375:
4329:
4322:
4297:
4263:
4244:
4230:Thomson, Susan
4218:
4188:
4168:United Nations
4154:
4152:
4149:
4146:
4145:
4003:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3996:
3995:
3990:
3984:
3983:
3967:
3964:
3803:Main article:
3800:
3797:
3723:products from
3642:sweet potatoes
3603:Main article:
3600:
3597:
3582:lasting from 8
3570:Liberation Day
3479:Rwandan woven
3400:Main article:
3397:
3394:
3390:Gikondo prison
3355:
3352:
3294:Main article:
3291:
3288:
3243:Main article:
3240:
3237:
3233:HIV prevalence
3117:
3114:
3069:Main article:
3066:
3063:
3053:World Factbook
3008:Gérard Prunier
3002:Rural children
2992:World Factbook
2979:
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2725:
2722:
2719:
2714:
2702:
2699:
2597:European Union
2522:
2521:
2502:
2500:
2493:
2473:
2472:Infrastructure
2470:
2418:Liquid Telecom
2367:
2364:
2328:service sector
2293:sweet potatoes
2254:monetary union
2221:Main article:
2218:
2215:
2159:There are 670
2062:montane forest
2039:Main article:
2036:
2033:
2028:Global warming
2000:
1997:
1936:Albertine Rift
1864:to the north,
1810:Main article:
1807:
1804:
1707:Main article:
1698:
1695:
1634:United Nations
1543:prime minister
1467:
1464:
1460:British Empire
1397:Arusha Accords
1368:took power in
1152:
1149:
1133:British Empire
1125:United Nations
1107:are the major
1005:, followed by
895:
894:
889:
883:
882:
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693:
690:
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667:
664:
650:
649:
642:
640:• Density
639:
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410:Prime Minister
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26:
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18088:
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18016:
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17996:
17986:
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17957:
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17952:
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17922:
17920:
17917:
17915:
17912:
17910:
17907:
17905:
17902:
17900:
17897:
17895:
17892:
17890:
17887:
17885:
17882:
17880:
17877:
17875:
17872:
17870:
17867:
17865:
17862:
17860:
17857:
17856:
17854:
17850:
17844:
17841:
17839:
17836:
17834:
17831:
17829:
17826:
17824:
17821:
17820:
17818:
17814:
17808:
17805:
17803:
17802:New Brunswick
17800:
17798:
17795:
17794:
17792:
17788:
17782:
17779:
17777:
17774:
17772:
17769:
17767:
17764:
17762:
17759:
17757:
17754:
17752:
17749:
17747:
17744:
17742:
17739:
17737:
17734:
17732:
17729:
17727:
17724:
17722:
17719:
17717:
17714:
17712:
17709:
17707:
17704:
17702:
17699:
17697:
17694:
17692:
17689:
17687:
17684:
17682:
17679:
17677:
17674:
17672:
17669:
17667:
17664:
17662:
17659:
17657:
17654:
17652:
17651:Guinea-Bissau
17649:
17647:
17644:
17642:
17639:
17637:
17634:
17632:
17629:
17627:
17624:
17622:
17619:
17617:
17614:
17612:
17609:
17607:
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17602:
17599:
17597:
17594:
17592:
17589:
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17577:
17574:
17572:
17569:
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17562:
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17532:
17529:
17527:
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17508:
17504:
17497:
17492:
17490:
17485:
17483:
17478:
17477:
17474:
17462:
17454:
17453:
17450:
17444:
17441:
17439:
17436:
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17423:
17419:
17413:
17410:
17408:
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17404:
17402:
17398:
17392:
17389:
17387:
17384:
17382:
17379:
17377:
17374:
17372:
17369:
17366:
17365:Gold standard
17362:
17359:
17358:
17356:
17354:
17350:
17340:
17337:
17335:
17332:
17330:
17327:
17325:
17322:
17321:
17319:
17317:
17313:
17307:
17304:
17302:
17299:
17296:
17292:
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17287:
17284:
17282:
17279:
17277:
17274:
17272:
17269:
17267:
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17263:
17260:
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17255:
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17238:
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17231:
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17215:
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17067:
17064:
17062:
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17054:
17053:
17051:
17049:
17045:
17039:
17038:2025 election
17036:
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17026:
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17021:
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17012:
17006:
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16978:
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16962:
16956:
16953:
16951:
16950:Member states
16948:
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16879:
16876:
16874:
16871:
16869:
16866:
16865:
16863:
16861:
16857:
16853:
16852:African Union
16846:
16841:
16839:
16834:
16832:
16827:
16826:
16823:
16805:
16800:
16797:
16796:
16794:
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16592:
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16579:
16578:Africa portal
16574:
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16468:
16467:
16465:
16461:
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16452:
16450:
16447:
16446:
16444:
16440:
16437:
16433:fully part of
16429:
16421:
16417:
16413:
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16401:
16397:
16394:
16391:
16384:
16378:
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16212:
16209:
16207:
16204:
16202:
16199:
16197:
16194:
16192:
16189:
16187:
16186:Guinea-Bissau
16184:
16182:
16179:
16177:
16174:
16172:
16169:
16167:
16164:
16162:
16159:
16157:
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15900:
15898:
15895:
15893:
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15885:
15883:
15880:
15878:
15875:
15873:
15872:Ethnic groups
15870:
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15859:
15856:
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15817:
15814:
15810:
15804:
15803:
15802:
15801:National Bank
15799:
15798:
15795:
15792:
15790:
15786:
15776:
15773:
15771:
15768:
15766:
15763:
15761:
15758:
15756:
15753:
15749:
15746:
15744:
15741:
15740:
15739:
15736:
15734:
15731:
15729:
15726:
15722:
15719:
15718:
15717:
15714:
15712:
15709:
15707:
15704:
15702:
15699:
15698:
15695:
15692:
15690:
15686:
15676:
15673:
15671:
15668:
15666:
15663:
15661:
15658:
15656:
15653:
15651:
15648:
15647:
15644:
15641:
15639:
15635:
15629:
15626:
15622:
15619:
15618:
15617:
15614:
15612:
15609:
15607:
15604:
15600:
15597:
15596:
15595:
15592:
15588:
15585:
15583:
15580:
15579:
15578:
15577:Ruanda-Urundi
15575:
15573:
15570:
15566:
15563:
15562:
15561:
15558:
15556:
15553:
15551:
15548:
15547:
15545:
15543:
15539:
15535:
15531:
15524:
15519:
15517:
15512:
15510:
15505:
15504:
15501:
15494:
15491:
15490:
15489:
15487:
15481:
15480:OpenStreetMap
15477:
15468:
15466:
15462:
15457:
15453:
15452:
15447:
15442:
15440:
15436:
15433:
15429:
15425:
15423:
15419:
15416:
15413:
15409:
15408:
15403:
15400:
15399:
15398:
15396:
15389:
15386:
15385:
15384:
15382:
15360:
15356:
15352:
15348:
15336:
15332:
15328:
15324:
15312:
15308:
15304:
15300:
15296:
15281:
15274:
15269:
15257:
15253:
15249:
15245:
15241:
15229:
15225:
15221:
15217:
15205:
15201:
15197:
15193:
15189:
15185:
15180:
15165:
15158:
15157:
15152:
15148:
15136:
15132:
15127:
15115:
15111:
15106:
15094:
15090:
15085:
15073:
15069:
15064:
15052:
15048:
15043:
15031:
15027:
15022:
15010:
15006:
15001:
14989:
14985:
14980:
14968:
14964:
14959:
14947:
14943:
14938:
14926:
14922:
14917:
14905:
14901:
14896:
14884:
14880:
14876:
14872:
14868:
14862:
14858:
14857:
14851:
14847:
14841:
14837:
14836:
14830:
14826:
14822:
14818:
14814:
14810:
14806:
14801:
14789:
14785:
14781:
14776:
14761:
14757:
14750:
14746:
14742:
14730:
14726:
14722:
14717:
14705:
14701:
14697:
14692:
14680:
14676:
14672:
14668:
14656:
14652:
14648:
14644:
14632:
14629:(in French).
14628:
14623:
14608:
14601:
14597:
14585:
14581:
14577:
14573:
14569:
14557:
14553:
14549:
14545:
14533:
14529:
14525:
14521:
14506:
14499:
14495:
14491:
14476:
14469:
14464:
14452:
14448:
14443:
14431:
14427:
14422:
14410:
14406:
14401:
14386:
14379:
14374:
14362:
14358:
14354:
14350:
14338:
14334:
14330:
14326:
14314:
14310:
14306:
14302:
14290:
14286:
14285:The New Times
14282:
14277:
14265:
14261:
14260:The New Times
14257:
14252:
14240:
14236:
14232:
14227:
14215:
14211:
14207:
14203:
14191:
14187:
14182:
14170:
14166:
14162:
14158:
14154:
14151:(1): 67–100.
14150:
14146:
14142:
14137:
14125:
14121:
14117:
14112:
14100:
14096:
14092:
14087:
14075:
14071:
14067:
14063:
14051:
14047:
14043:
14038:
14034:
14028:
14024:
14023:
14017:
14013:
14007:
14003:
14002:
13996:
13981:
13974:
13970:
13966:
13962:
13958:
13953:
13941:
13937:
13933:
13929:
13917:
13913:
13909:
13904:
13889:
13882:
13877:
13865:
13861:
13857:
13852:
13840:
13836:
13831:
13819:
13814:
13809:
13805:
13801:
13797:
13792:
13777:
13770:
13765:
13750:
13743:
13738:
13726:
13722:
13717:
13713:
13707:
13691:
13687:
13683:
13678:
13674:
13668:
13652:
13648:
13644:
13639:
13627:
13623:
13619:
13615:
13603:
13599:
13594:
13582:
13578:
13573:
13561:
13557:
13552:
13540:
13536:
13532:
13527:
13515:
13511:
13507:
13503:
13491:
13487:
13484:
13479:
13467:
13463:
13462:
13457:
13452:
13440:
13436:
13433:
13428:
13416:
13412:
13408:
13404:
13392:
13388:
13384:
13380:
13376:
13370:
13366:
13365:
13359:
13347:
13343:
13342:
13337:
13332:
13320:
13316:
13312:
13308:
13303:
13291:
13287:
13283:
13279:
13267:
13263:
13259:
13255:
13243:
13239:
13234:
13219:
13215:
13208:
13204:
13200:
13188:
13184:
13183:The New Times
13180:
13175:
13163:
13159:
13154:
13142:
13138:
13134:
13130:
13126:
13122:
13117:
13105:
13101:
13100:The New Times
13097:
13092:
13080:
13076:
13072:
13068:
13053:
13049:
13045:
13041:
13034:
13029:
13017:
13013:
13009:
13004:
13000:
12994:
12990:
12989:
12983:
12971:
12967:
12962:
12947:
12940:
12935:
12920:
12913:
12908:
12896:
12892:
12888:
12883:
12871:
12867:
12866:The New Times
12863:
12858:
12846:
12842:
12841:The New Times
12838:
12833:
12829:
12827:0-333-95451-3
12823:
12819:
12814:
12802:
12798:
12797:The New Times
12794:
12789:
12777:
12773:
12772:The New Times
12769:
12764:
12752:
12748:
12744:
12739:
12727:
12723:
12722:The New Times
12719:
12714:
12702:
12698:
12697:The New Times
12694:
12689:
12685:
12679:
12675:
12670:
12658:
12654:
12649:
12637:
12633:
12628:
12616:
12612:
12607:
12595:
12591:
12586:
12571:
12564:
12561:(June 2013).
12560:
12556:
12541:
12534:
12529:
12514:
12507:
12503:
12499:
12487:
12483:
12478:
12466:
12462:
12461:
12456:
12451:
12447:
12441:
12437:
12436:
12430:
12415:
12411:
12404:
12399:
12387:
12383:
12379:
12374:
12362:
12358:
12354:
12349:
12334:
12330:
12324:
12320:
12313:
12308:
12296:
12292:
12291:The New Times
12288:
12283:
12271:
12267:
12263:
12258:
12246:
12242:
12236:
12232:
12231:
12226:
12222:
12210:
12206:
12205:The New Times
12202:
12197:
12185:
12181:
12177:
12172:
12160:
12156:
12155:
12150:
12145:
12133:
12129:
12125:
12120:
12116:
12114:9781107678095
12110:
12106:
12101:
12097:
12091:
12087:
12082:
12078:
12072:
12068:
12067:
12061:
12049:
12045:
12044:
12039:
12034:
12022:
12018:
12014:
12009:
11997:
11993:
11992:
11987:
11982:
11978:
11972:
11968:
11967:
11961:
11949:
11945:
11939:
11935:
11934:
11928:
11916:
11912:
11908:
11904:
11892:
11888:
11884:
11879:
11864:
11857:
11852:
11848:
11842:
11838:
11837:
11831:
11827:
11823:
11819:
11815:
11811:
11807:
11802:
11790:
11786:
11782:
11778:
11766:
11762:
11758:
11754:
11750:
11735:
11728:
11723:
11711:
11707:
11703:
11699:
11687:
11683:
11679:
11675:
11663:
11659:
11653:
11649:
11648:
11643:
11639:
11635:
11629:
11625:
11624:
11618:
11606:
11602:
11596:
11592:
11591:
11585:
11573:
11569:
11565:
11560:
11548:
11544:
11540:
11539:"Scar tissue"
11535:
11523:
11519:
11515:
11510:
11498:
11494:
11490:
11486:
11474:
11470:
11466:
11462:
11450:
11446:
11440:
11436:
11435:
11429:
11417:
11413:
11412:The New Times
11410:
11405:
11393:
11389:
11385:
11381:
11369:
11365:
11361:
11357:
11353:
11341:
11338:. Edinburgh.
11337:
11336:
11331:
11326:
11322:
11316:
11312:
11307:
11295:
11291:
11287:
11282:
11270:
11266:
11262:
11258:
11246:
11242:
11241:
11236:
11231:
11219:
11215:
11214:
11209:
11204:
11200:
11194:
11190:
11185:
11173:
11169:
11164:
11152:
11148:
11147:
11142:
11137:
11125:
11121:
11115:
11111:
11110:
11104:
11092:
11088:
11084:
11080:
11068:
11064:
11063:
11058:
11053:
11041:
11037:
11033:
11028:
11016:
11012:
11007:
10995:
10991:
10990:
10985:
10980:
10968:
10964:
10960:
10955:
10943:
10939:
10934:
10922:
10918:
10912:
10908:
10907:
10901:
10889:
10885:
10880:
10868:
10864:
10860:
10855:
10843:
10839:
10835:
10830:
10818:
10814:
10813:
10808:
10804:
10800:
10788:
10784:
10779:
10767:
10763:
10762:
10757:
10752:
10740:
10736:
10735:The New Times
10732:
10727:
10715:
10711:
10710:The New Times
10707:
10702:
10690:
10686:
10685:The New Times
10682:
10677:
10673:
10667:
10663:
10662:
10656:
10652:
10651:
10645:
10633:
10629:
10625:
10621:
10609:
10605:
10601:
10600:Bralirwa (II)
10597:
10585:
10581:
10577:
10573:
10569:
10565:
10561:
10557:
10553:
10549:
10545:
10541:
10536:
10524:
10520:
10519:
10514:
10509:
10497:
10493:
10489:
10484:
10472:
10468:
10467:The New Times
10464:
10459:
10447:
10443:
10438:
10426:
10422:
10416:
10412:
10408:
10403:
10391:
10388:. BBC Sport.
10387:
10383:
10379:
10367:
10364:. BBC Sport.
10363:
10359:
10358:BBC Sport (I)
10355:
10343:
10339:
10334:
10322:
10318:
10313:
10301:
10297:
10292:
10280:
10276:
10271:
10259:
10255:
10250:
10238:
10234:
10229:
10217:
10213:
10208:
10196:
10192:
10187:
10175:
10171:
10166:
10154:
10150:
10146:
10142:
10127:
10120:
10115:
10103:
10099:
10095:
10090:
10086:
10080:
10076:
10075:
10069:
10057:
10053:
10052:
10047:
10042:
10030:
10026:
10025:The New Times
10022:
10017:
10005:
10001:
9995:
9991:
9990:
9984:
9972:
9968:
9967:The New Times
9964:
9959:
9947:
9943:
9939:
9935:
9923:
9919:
9918:The New Times
9915:
9910:
9898:
9894:
9893:
9888:
9883:
9871:
9867:
9863:
9859:
9847:
9843:
9838:
9834:
9828:
9824:
9823:
9817:
9805:
9801:
9797:
9793:
9789:
9783:
9779:
9775:
9774:
9768:
9767:
9755:
9750:
9743:
9738:
9731:
9726:
9720:, p. 67.
9719:
9718:Montague 2014
9714:
9707:
9702:
9695:
9690:
9683:
9678:
9671:
9666:
9659:
9658:Bishumba 2015
9654:
9647:
9642:
9635:
9630:
9623:
9618:
9616:
9608:
9603:
9601:
9593:
9592:Willgoss 2014
9588:
9581:
9576:
9569:
9564:
9557:
9552:
9545:
9544:Aglietti 2014
9540:
9533:
9532:Ndengeye 2014
9528:
9521:
9516:
9510:, p. 18.
9509:
9508:MINISPOC 2012
9504:
9497:
9492:
9485:
9480:
9473:
9468:
9461:
9460:Ngarambe 2012
9456:
9449:
9444:
9437:
9436:Bralirwa (II)
9432:
9425:
9420:
9413:
9408:
9401:
9396:
9389:
9384:
9382:
9375:, p. 74.
9374:
9369:
9363:, p. 13.
9362:
9361:Adekunle 2007
9357:
9355:
9353:
9346:, p. 81.
9345:
9344:Adekunle 2007
9340:
9338:
9336:
9328:
9323:
9321:
9314:, p. 25.
9313:
9308:
9301:
9296:
9289:
9284:
9277:
9272:
9266:, p. 29.
9265:
9260:
9253:
9248:
9242:, p. 75.
9241:
9240:Adekunle 2007
9236:
9229:
9228:Ntambara 2009
9224:
9218:, p. 31.
9217:
9212:
9205:
9200:
9193:
9192:Adekunle 2007
9188:
9181:
9176:
9169:
9168:Adekunle 2007
9164:
9157:
9156:Adekunle 2007
9152:
9145:
9140:
9133:
9128:
9121:
9116:
9114:
9097:
9093:
9089:
9083:
9077:, article 26.
9076:
9071:
9064:
9059:
9051:
9047:
9041:
9039:
9029:
9027:
9019:
9014:
8998:
8994:
8992:
8984:
8977:
8973:
8970:
8965:
8958:
8957:Nakayima 2010
8953:
8946:
8941:
8934:
8929:
8927:
8910:
8906:
8902:
8896:
8889:
8884:
8877:
8872:
8870:
8850:
8843:
8837:
8835:
8833:
8825:
8820:
8814:, p. 17.
8813:
8808:
8801:
8796:
8789:
8784:
8777:
8772:
8765:
8760:
8753:
8748:
8732:
8728:
8724:
8718:
8711:
8706:
8704:
8702:
8694:
8689:
8682:
8677:
8670:
8665:
8658:
8653:
8646:
8641:
8625:
8621:
8615:
8609:, p. 34.
8608:
8603:
8596:
8591:
8584:
8579:
8577:
8569:
8564:
8562:
8554:
8549:
8542:
8537:
8530:
8525:
8518:
8513:
8506:
8501:
8494:
8489:
8473:
8467:
8460:
8455:
8448:
8443:
8436:
8431:
8424:
8419:
8412:
8407:
8400:
8395:
8389:, p. 27.
8388:
8383:
8376:
8371:
8364:
8359:
8357:
8349:
8344:
8337:
8332:
8326:, p. 71.
8325:
8320:
8313:
8308:
8301:
8296:
8289:
8284:
8278:, p. 47.
8277:
8272:
8265:
8260:
8253:
8248:
8241:
8236:
8230:, p. 52.
8229:
8224:
8218:, p. 29.
8217:
8212:
8210:
8202:
8197:
8195:
8187:
8182:
8175:
8170:
8168:
8160:
8155:
8149:, p. 11.
8148:
8143:
8136:
8131:
8124:
8119:
8112:
8107:
8100:
8095:
8088:
8083:
8067:
8063:
8056:
8049:
8044:
8042:
8025:
8021:
8015:
8009:, p. 43.
8008:
8007:MININFRA 2013
8003:
8001:
7993:
7988:
7981:
7980:MININFRA 2017
7976:
7969:
7964:
7957:
7952:
7950:
7943:, p. 32.
7942:
7941:MININFRA 2013
7937:
7931:, p. 67.
7930:
7929:MININFRA 2013
7925:
7919:, p. 34.
7918:
7917:MININFRA 2013
7913:
7911:
7909:
7901:
7896:
7889:
7884:
7877:
7872:
7865:
7860:
7853:
7848:
7841:
7836:
7834:
7832:
7824:
7819:
7803:
7799:
7795:
7789:
7770:
7766:
7759:
7755:
7749:
7742:
7737:
7735:
7733:
7725:
7720:
7713:
7708:
7701:
7696:
7694:
7692:
7684:
7679:
7677:
7660:
7656:
7652:
7646:
7639:
7634:
7627:
7622:
7620:
7612:
7607:
7600:
7595:
7588:
7583:
7576:
7571:
7569:
7561:
7556:
7549:
7544:
7542:
7534:
7529:
7522:
7517:
7510:
7505:
7498:
7493:
7486:
7481:
7474:
7469:
7462:
7457:
7455:
7453:
7451:
7442:
7430:
7414:
7410:
7404:
7400:
7396:
7392:
7391:
7387:WIPO (2022).
7383:
7376:
7371:
7364:
7359:
7352:
7351:KT Press 2015
7347:
7345:
7337:
7332:
7325:
7320:
7313:
7308:
7306:
7298:
7297:Delawala 2001
7293:
7286:
7281:
7279:
7271:
7266:
7259:
7254:
7252:
7244:
7239:
7232:
7227:
7211:
7207:
7201:
7185:
7181:
7175:
7168:
7163:
7156:
7151:
7149:
7147:
7145:
7137:
7132:
7125:
7120:
7113:
7108:
7092:
7088:
7084:
7078:
7062:
7055:
7049:
7042:
7037:
7021:
7017:
7013:
7007:
6999:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6981:
6977:
6972:
6967:
6963:
6959:
6955:
6951:
6947:
6940:
6932:
6928:
6923:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6905:
6900:
6896:
6892:
6888:
6881:
6874:
6869:
6862:
6857:
6850:
6845:
6839:, p. 15.
6838:
6833:
6831:
6829:
6812:
6808:
6801:
6785:
6781:
6777:
6771:
6755:
6751:
6747:
6741:
6725:
6721:
6717:
6711:
6704:
6699:
6692:
6687:
6680:
6675:
6668:
6663:
6656:
6651:
6644:
6639:
6620:
6613:
6607:
6600:
6595:
6589:, p. 11.
6588:
6583:
6576:
6571:
6569:
6561:
6556:
6550:, p. 29.
6549:
6544:
6542:
6534:
6533:Adekunle 2007
6529:
6523:, p. 10.
6522:
6517:
6510:
6505:
6498:
6493:
6487:, p. 18.
6486:
6481:
6474:
6469:
6463:, p. 37.
6462:
6457:
6450:
6445:
6443:
6435:
6434:
6429:
6425:
6422:
6416:
6409:
6404:
6397:
6392:
6386:, p. 93.
6385:
6380:
6373:
6368:
6361:
6356:
6349:
6344:
6337:
6332:
6330:
6328:
6326:
6318:
6317:Richards 1994
6313:
6306:
6301:
6299:
6291:
6286:
6284:
6276:
6271:
6269:
6261:
6256:
6249:
6244:
6242:
6234:
6229:
6213:
6209:
6205:
6198:
6191:
6186:
6179:
6174:
6168:, p. 14.
6167:
6162:
6146:
6143:. Bloomberg.
6142:
6135:
6119:
6116:. Bloomberg.
6115:
6108:
6101:
6096:
6089:
6084:
6077:
6072:
6065:
6060:
6053:
6048:
6041:
6036:
6029:
6024:
6017:
6012:
6005:
6000:
5993:
5988:
5982:, p. 89.
5981:
5976:
5969:
5968:Fletcher 2009
5964:
5957:
5956:Grainger 2007
5952:
5945:
5940:
5933:
5928:
5912:
5908:
5907:
5899:
5892:
5887:
5880:
5875:
5868:
5863:
5856:
5855:Agutamba 2014
5851:
5844:
5839:
5832:
5827:
5820:
5815:
5808:
5803:
5796:
5791:
5784:
5779:
5777:
5769:
5764:
5758:, I. Summary.
5757:
5752:
5745:
5740:
5733:
5728:
5722:, article 76.
5721:
5716:
5710:, article 62.
5709:
5704:
5697:
5692:
5685:
5680:
5673:
5668:
5661:
5656:
5649:
5644:
5642:
5634:
5629:
5623:, article 98.
5622:
5617:
5611:, article 54.
5610:
5605:
5599:, article 52.
5598:
5593:
5586:
5581:
5574:
5569:
5550:
5546:
5540:
5536:
5529:
5528:
5520:
5512:
5508:
5503:
5498:
5494:
5490:
5486:
5479:
5471:
5467:
5463:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5444:
5437:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5422:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5400:
5392:
5391:UNDP (V) 2013
5387:
5380:
5375:
5368:
5367:UNDP (I) 2010
5363:
5356:
5351:
5349:
5341:
5336:
5329:
5324:
5317:
5312:
5310:
5302:
5297:
5290:
5289:Dallaire 2005
5285:
5278:
5277:Dallaire 2005
5273:
5266:
5265:Dallaire 2005
5261:
5254:
5249:
5242:
5237:
5230:
5225:
5218:
5213:
5207:, p. 93.
5206:
5201:
5194:
5189:
5187:
5179:
5174:
5172:
5164:
5159:
5153:, p. 56.
5152:
5147:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5125:The New Times
5121:
5114:
5108:, p. 53.
5107:
5102:
5096:, p. 51.
5095:
5090:
5083:
5078:
5071:
5066:
5059:
5054:
5047:
5042:
5035:
5030:
5023:
5018:
5016:
5008:
5007:Chrétien 2003
5003:
4996:
4995:Chrétien 2003
4991:
4984:
4983:Chrétien 2003
4979:
4970:
4964:, p. 25.
4963:
4958:
4942:
4938:
4936:9780199982288
4932:
4928:
4927:
4919:
4912:
4907:
4900:
4899:Chrétien 2003
4895:
4888:
4883:
4876:
4871:
4865:, p. 69.
4864:
4859:
4857:
4855:
4847:
4846:Chrétien 2003
4842:
4840:
4832:
4831:Chrétien 2003
4827:
4820:
4819:Chrétien 2003
4815:
4808:
4807:Chrétien 2003
4803:
4797:, p. 88.
4796:
4795:Chrétien 2003
4791:
4784:
4779:
4773:, p. 69.
4772:
4771:Chrétien 2003
4767:
4761:, p. 58.
4760:
4755:
4749:, p. 16.
4748:
4743:
4737:, p. 75.
4736:
4731:
4729:
4722:, p. 58.
4721:
4720:Chrétien 2003
4716:
4710:, p. 61.
4709:
4704:
4702:
4700:
4693:, p. 45.
4692:
4691:Chrétien 2003
4687:
4681:, p. 36.
4680:
4675:
4669:, p. 44.
4668:
4667:Chrétien 2003
4663:
4647:
4643:
4637:
4621:
4617:
4611:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4581:
4574:
4569:
4553:
4549:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4533:
4531:
4529:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4503:
4497:
4481:
4477:
4473:
4469:
4465:
4461:
4457:
4453:
4446:
4444:
4435:
4429:
4413:
4409:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4390:
4382:
4380:
4371:
4367:
4363:
4359:
4355:
4351:
4347:
4343:
4336:
4334:
4325:
4319:
4315:
4311:
4304:
4302:
4285:
4281:
4277:
4270:
4268:
4251:
4247:
4241:
4237:
4236:
4231:
4225:
4223:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4192:
4185:
4173:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4155:
4139:
4133:
4129:
4125:
4121:
4120:
4108:
4101:
4071:
4065:
4064:
4052:
4045:
4015:
4008:
4004:
3994:
3991:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3981:
3980:Africa portal
3970:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3953:
3949:
3945:
3942:once, in the
3941:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3925:
3921:
3917:
3913:
3909:
3905:
3901:
3897:
3893:
3889:
3885:
3881:
3880:Olympic Games
3872:
3868:
3866:
3865:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3844:
3840:
3836:
3832:
3828:
3819:
3815:
3811:
3806:
3796:
3794:
3790:
3787:, as well as
3786:
3782:
3778:
3774:
3770:
3766:
3762:
3758:
3754:
3750:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3718:
3714:
3710:
3709:
3704:
3703:
3698:
3693:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3679:
3678:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3664:
3659:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3644:, beans, and
3643:
3639:
3635:
3634:
3629:
3622:
3618:
3617:
3611:
3606:
3596:
3594:
3581:
3577:
3576:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3559:
3558:
3557:Shooting Dogs
3553:
3552:
3547:
3546:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3534:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3517:
3516:Alexis Kagame
3513:
3508:
3506:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3471:
3467:
3463:
3459:
3455:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3434:
3429:
3428:
3422:
3415:
3414:
3408:
3403:
3393:
3391:
3387:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3371:
3365:
3361:
3351:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3340:
3336:
3335:Nkombo Island
3332:
3328:
3327:lingua franca
3324:
3319:
3315:
3311:
3307:
3303:
3297:
3287:
3285:
3284:
3279:
3278:Christian God
3275:
3271:
3267:
3263:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3236:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3220:
3218:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3203:
3199:
3198:
3193:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3160:
3156:
3151:
3149:
3140:
3136:
3132:
3127:
3123:
3113:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3082:
3077:
3072:
3062:
3059:
3054:
3050:
3046:
3041:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3023:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3000:
2996:
2994:
2993:
2987:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2945:
2944:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2917:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2899:
2897:
2894:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2881:
2879:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2855:
2854:
2850:
2848:
2845:
2843:
2840:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2827:
2825:
2822:
2819:
2818:
2815:
2810:
2805:
2800:
2793:
2791:
2788:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2773:
2768:
2763:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2737:
2736:
2717:
2712:
2708:
2698:
2696:
2695:Akagera River
2692:
2691:Lake Victoria
2688:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2655:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2602:
2598:
2594:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2561:
2557:
2556:hydroelectric
2552:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2538:
2528:
2518:
2506:
2501:
2492:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:
2469:
2467:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2452:
2447:
2446:Bharti Airtel
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2419:
2415:
2411:
2406:
2404:
2400:
2396:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2377:
2373:
2363:
2361:
2356:
2354:
2349:
2345:
2340:
2336:
2333:
2329:
2324:
2322:
2318:
2314:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2294:
2290:
2286:
2282:
2273:
2269:
2266:
2261:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2246:Rwandan franc
2243:
2239:
2235:
2232:estimated at
2231:
2224:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2193:
2189:
2184:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2142:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2056:in the world.
2055:
2051:
2047:
2042:
2032:
2029:
2025:
2020:
2017:
2014:Rwanda has a
2010:
2005:
1996:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1973:
1967:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1920:Lake Victoria
1917:
1913:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1881:
1879:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1860:to the west,
1859:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1843:
1839:
1835:
1831:
1827:
1818:
1813:
1803:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1776:
1770:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1715:
1710:
1704:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1684:
1683:M23 rebellion
1680:
1676:
1671:
1667:
1663:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1643:
1639:
1638:African Union
1635:
1630:
1628:
1624:
1620:
1615:
1612:
1607:
1605:
1600:
1596:
1595:Supreme Court
1592:
1591:customary law
1588:
1585:
1581:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1564:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1532:
1528:
1527:head of state
1524:
1518:
1516:
1511:
1507:
1504:ruled by the
1503:
1500:
1499:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1477:
1473:
1463:
1461:
1457:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1440:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1406:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1387:In 1990, the
1382:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1341:Ruanda-Urundi
1334:
1330:
1326:
1324:
1320:
1315:
1314:Ruanda-Urundi
1311:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1290:
1286:
1285:German Empire
1282:
1277:
1274:
1269:
1263:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1229:
1224:
1220:
1217:
1213:
1208:
1204:
1201:, aboriginal
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1180:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1165:Ruanda-Urundi
1162:
1158:
1148:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1134:
1130:
1126:
1122:
1121:African Union
1118:
1114:
1110:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1051:
1046:
1044:
1040:
1036:
1032:
1028:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1008:
1004:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
987:Bantu peoples
984:
980:
976:
972:
970:
966:
961:
957:
953:
949:
945:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
893:
890:
888:
884:
881:
878:
876:
875:ISO 3166 code
872:
869:
866:
864:
860:
856:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
832:
828:
824:
820:
816:
815:Rwandan franc
813:
809:
805:
789:
783:
779:
769:
763:
759:
755:
752:$ 1,031 (
746:
740:
736:
727:
721:
717:
711:
707:
703:
700:$ 3,136 (
694:
688:
684:
675:
669:
665:
661:
655:
651:
647:
643:
637:
633:
629:
623:
620:
616:
612:
606:
602:
598:
592:
589:
585:
581:
577:
574:
568:
564:
561:
555:
551:
548:
542:
538:
535:
529:
525:
522:
516:
512:
509:
508:Ruanda-Urundi
503:
499:
496:
490:
486:
483:
477:
473:
470:
466:
462:
458:
455:
449:
446:
443:
440:
434:
431:
428:
424:
420:
417:
414:
411:
405:
402:
399:
396:
390:
386:
382:
379:
378:authoritarian
375:
371:
369:
365:
358:
355:
354:
352:
350:
346:
339:
337:
333:
331:
327:
325:
321:
320:
318:
314:
306:
302:
300:
296:
294:
290:
289:
288:
284:
283:
281:
276:
272:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
247:
245:
241:
236:
207:
204:
197:
192:
190:
181:
176:
150:
144:
140:
130:
126:
120:
114:
106:
100:
92:
85:
78:
71:
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17556:Burkina Faso
16907:
16893:Abuja Treaty
16804:Nazi Germany
16802:(claimed by
16785:Unrecognised
16576:
16564:
16406:Îles Éparses
16296:South Africa
16286:Sierra Leone
16265:
16090:Burkina Faso
15897:Prostitution
15862:Demographics
15716:Human rights
15701:Constitution
15529:
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11384:Francophonie
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11335:The Scotsman
11333:
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11238:
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10636:. Retrieved
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10588:. Retrieved
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10543:
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10145:BBC News (I)
10133:. Retrieved
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9892:Yahoo Sports
9890:
9874:. Retrieved
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9821:
9808:. Retrieved
9772:
9749:
9742:Schöggl 2015
9737:
9725:
9713:
9706:Copnall 2004
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9419:
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9400:Anyango 2010
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9175:
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9091:
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9050:the original
9018:Gmünder 2007
9013:
9001:. Retrieved
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8517:Bowdler 2010
8512:
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8476:. Retrieved
8466:
8454:
8442:
8430:
8418:
8406:
8399:McGreal 2009
8394:
8382:
8370:
8350:, p. 2.
8348:MINEDUC 2010
8343:
8331:
8319:
8312:Coleman 2010
8307:
8300:Prunier 1995
8295:
8283:
8276:Mamdani 2002
8271:
8264:Mamdani 2002
8259:
8254:, p. 5.
8252:Prunier 1995
8247:
8242:, p. 1.
8235:
8228:Mamdani 2002
8223:
8181:
8154:
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8130:
8118:
8106:
8101:, p. 8.
8094:
8089:, p. 3.
8082:
8070:. Retrieved
8055:
8028:. Retrieved
8014:
7992:Senelwa 2015
7987:
7975:
7963:
7936:
7924:
7900:Tancott 2014
7895:
7883:
7878:, p. 1.
7871:
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7847:
7842:, p. 5.
7825:, p. 3.
7818:
7806:. Retrieved
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7748:
7743:, p. 3.
7719:
7707:
7700:Umutesi 2015
7663:. Retrieved
7654:
7645:
7633:
7626:Reuters 2011
7606:
7594:
7589:, p. 3.
7582:
7577:, p. 5.
7555:
7550:, p. 6.
7528:
7516:
7509:Mugisha 2013
7504:
7492:
7480:
7468:
7417:. Retrieved
7389:
7382:
7370:
7365:, p. 2.
7358:
7338:, p. 6.
7331:
7324:Mukaaya 2008
7319:
7312:Nantaba 2010
7292:
7285:Mukaaya 2009
7265:
7258:MINAGRI 2006
7238:
7226:
7214:. Retrieved
7200:
7188:. Retrieved
7174:
7162:
7131:
7124:Lavelle 2008
7119:
7112:Asiimwe 2014
7107:
7095:. Retrieved
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6873:Maynard 2014
6868:
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6815:. Retrieved
6800:
6788:. Retrieved
6780:The Guardian
6779:
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6758:. Retrieved
6749:
6740:
6728:. Retrieved
6720:The Guardian
6719:
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6698:
6686:
6674:
6667:RDB (I) 2010
6662:
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6626:. Retrieved
6606:
6601:, p. 3.
6594:
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6535:, p. 1.
6528:
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6468:
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6343:
6312:
6290:MINALOC 2004
6277:, p. 9.
6275:MINALOC 2007
6255:
6250:, p. 8.
6248:MINALOC 2007
6228:
6216:. Retrieved
6207:
6197:
6192:, article 3.
6185:
6180:, p. 5.
6178:Melvern 2004
6173:
6161:
6149:. Retrieved
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6107:
6095:
6083:
6071:
6059:
6047:
6040:McGreal 2010
6035:
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5999:
5987:
5980:Prunier 1995
5975:
5963:
5951:
5944:Francophonie
5939:
5927:
5915:. Retrieved
5905:
5898:
5891:Asiimwe 2011
5886:
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5568:
5558:27 September
5556:. Retrieved
5526:
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5492:
5488:
5478:
5453:
5449:
5443:
5393:, p. 2.
5386:
5374:
5362:
5335:
5328:Bowcott 2014
5323:
5301:Prunier 1995
5296:
5284:
5272:
5260:
5248:
5236:
5229:Prunier 1995
5224:
5217:Prunier 1995
5212:
5205:Prunier 1995
5200:
5195:, p. 4.
5193:Prunier 1995
5163:Prunier 1995
5158:
5151:Prunier 1995
5146:
5134:. Retrieved
5123:
5113:
5106:Prunier 1995
5101:
5094:Prunier 1995
5089:
5077:
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5053:
5041:
5029:
5002:
4990:
4978:
4969:
4962:Prunier 1995
4957:
4945:. Retrieved
4925:
4918:
4913:, p. 9.
4911:Prunier 1995
4906:
4894:
4889:, p. 6.
4887:Prunier 1995
4882:
4875:Prunier 1995
4870:
4863:Mamdani 2002
4826:
4814:
4802:
4790:
4778:
4766:
4759:Mamdani 2002
4754:
4747:Prunier 1995
4742:
4715:
4708:Mamdani 2002
4686:
4674:
4662:
4650:. Retrieved
4636:
4624:. Retrieved
4610:
4598:. Retrieved
4580:
4568:
4556:. Retrieved
4543:
4515:. Retrieved
4505:
4496:
4484:. Retrieved
4462:(2): 64–69.
4459:
4455:
4416:. Retrieved
4388:
4345:
4341:
4309:
4288:. Retrieved
4279:
4254:. Retrieved
4234:
4209:. Retrieved
4200:
4191:
4183:
4176:. Retrieved
4167:
4158:
4007:
3944:2004 edition
3920:Commonwealth
3908:powerlifting
3877:
3862:
3861:and a film,
3858:
3823:
3706:
3700:
3694:
3681:
3675:
3667:
3661:
3654:colonialists
3631:
3628:staple foods
3625:
3614:
3592:
3573:
3562:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3533:Hotel Rwanda
3531:
3528:Golden Globe
3512:folk stories
3509:
3504:
3493:
3486:
3445:
3437:
3431:
3427:umushagiriro
3425:
3419:
3411:
3383:
3379:constitution
3367:
3354:Human rights
3345:
3343:
3299:
3281:
3259:
3221:
3206:
3197:The Atlantic
3195:
3192:tuberculosis
3188:
3175:
3166:
3162:
3152:
3144:
3094:Commonwealth
3086:
3052:
3042:
3005:
2990:
2983:
2701:Demographics
2678:Central Line
2590:
2573:loadshedding
2553:
2549:pit latrines
2533:
2512:
2504:
2463:
2438:mobile phone
2407:
2398:
2394:
2386:Radio Rwanda
2379:
2357:
2337:
2325:
2319:, gold, and
2309:
2278:
2262:
2226:
2196:
2191:
2185:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2138:
2114:
2107:
2101:
2059:
2035:Biodiversity
2013:
1968:
1914:to form the
1900:Rusizi River
1882:
1854:Rusizi River
1850:lowest point
1823:
1796:
1736:Rwanda into
1720:
1687:
1642:Francophonie
1631:
1616:
1603:
1589:systems and
1577:
1535:armed forces
1519:
1496:
1495:Rwanda is a
1494:
1453:
1409:
1386:
1361:a referendum
1353:independence
1338:
1278:
1238:
1232:
1214:, while the
1185:in the late
1168:
1094:
1086:pygmy people
1049:
1047:
1039:assassinated
973:
918:, where the
903:
899:
898:
887:Internet TLD
863:Calling code
724:• Total
672:• Total
595:• Total
487:15th century
381:dictatorship
324:Christianity
186:
149:Rwanda Nziza
142:
129:Motto:
128:
119:Coat of arms
36:
18703: /
18621:Isle of Man
18536:New Zealand
18359:Saint Lucia
18329:New Zealand
18066:LGBT rights
17959:South Korea
17761:Switzerland
17741:Saint Lucia
17661:Ivory Coast
17286:Enlargement
17061:Secretariat
17023:Chairperson
17005:Chairperson
16915:Chairperson
16903:Lome Summit
16745:Concessions
16666:West Africa
16644:East Africa
16470:Pantelleria
16390:territories
16358:recognition
16301:South Sudan
16191:Ivory Coast
15721:LGBT rights
15444:‹ The
15357:. Beijing.
15341:16 November
15317:16 November
15289:16 November
15262:16 November
15234:12 November
15141:13 November
14931:19 November
14910:19 November
14889:23 November
14769:16 November
14735:16 November
14710:16 November
14685:19 November
14661:19 November
14637:19 November
14590:12 November
14514:19 November
14394:19 November
14367:19 November
14343:19 November
14319:19 November
14245:23 December
13946:16 November
13897:19 November
13731:8 September
13696:19 November
13657:19 November
13632:16 November
13608:12 November
13587:23 November
13566:19 November
13520:16 November
13445:19 November
13421:19 November
13397:16 November
13352:12 November
13325:19 November
13272:13 November
13227:16 November
13168:19 November
13147:19 November
13110:16 November
13085:16 November
13061:16 November
12976:7 September
12928:19 November
12901:16 November
12893:. Kampala.
12876:16 November
12851:16 November
12807:12 November
12782:12 November
12642:19 November
12621:16 November
12600:21 February
12522:13 November
12492:13 November
12471:13 November
12423:13 November
12392:10 November
12367:13 November
12301:13 November
12215:13 November
12128:CNBC Africa
12054:13 November
12046:. Kampala.
12017:PR Newswire
11921:13 November
11907:Kigali City
11771:23 November
11743:10 November
11716:13 November
11668:13 November
11578:13 November
11553:13 November
11528:13 November
11503:13 November
11479:8 September
11398:13 November
11374:13 November
11346:13 November
11275:19 November
11157:12 November
11021:12 November
11000:12 November
10973:12 November
10948:7 September
10873:12 November
10848:12 November
10823:12 November
10745:12 November
10720:12 November
10546:(3): 1–14.
10502:12 November
10452:12 November
10396:10 November
10372:10 November
10348:10 November
10243:10 November
10222:10 November
10201:10 November
10180:10 November
10159:10 November
10108:7 September
10035:10 November
9977:10 November
9952:10 November
9903:10 November
9810:10 November
9694:Carlin 2003
9670:Mackay 2009
9373:Auzias 2007
9288:Fegley 2016
9144:Briggs 2004
8933:Tabaro 2015
8411:Koenig 2014
8324:Kiwuwa 2012
8159:Kigali City
8135:Straus 2013
7638:Butera 2010
7599:Butera 2011
7473:Gasore 2014
7270:Namata 2008
6956:(1): 5978.
6861:Tedrow 2015
6817:17 December
6790:17 December
6760:17 December
6730:17 December
6100:Maboja 2015
6076:Heuler 2011
5992:Porter 2008
5795:Kamere 2011
5456:(1): 1–19.
5253:Henley 2007
4679:Dorsey 1994
4652:22 February
4486:5 September
4418:5 September
4290:5 September
4256:11 November
4124:Kinyarwanda
3934:. Rwanda's
3765:Skol Gatanu
3613:A plate of
3530:-nominated
3321:education.
3302:Kinyarwanda
3266:evangelical
3262:Catholicism
3155:Vision 2020
3045:Banyarwanda
2633:shared taxi
2422:fibre optic
2313:cassiterite
2230:nominal GDP
2024:dry seasons
1510:Paul Kagame
1490:Paul Kagame
1306:World War I
1090:Kinyarwanda
1070:Banyarwanda
1057:Paul Kagame
1011:World War I
922:region and
916:East Africa
844:Date format
795: 0.548
578:26 May 2003
552:1 July 1962
539:1 July 1961
454:Lower house
439:Upper house
426:Legislature
401:Paul Kagame
330:no religion
287:Banyarwanda
250:Kinyarwanda
230: /
56:Kinyarwanda
18718:Categories
18631:Montserrat
18374:Seychelles
18314:Mozambique
18184:Bangladesh
17934:Mozambique
17929:Montenegro
17756:Seychelles
17696:Mauritania
17686:Madagascar
17676:Luxembourg
17581:Cape Verde
17407:Africa Day
17361:Currencies
17015:Commission
16799:New Swabia
16792:Antarctica
16713:New Guinea
16677:Neukamerun
16377:Somaliland
16281:Seychelles
16246:Mozambique
16231:Mauritania
16216:Madagascar
16171:The Gambia
16105:Cape Verde
15940:Literature
15887:Healthcare
15808:(currency)
15738:Parliament
15655:Ecoregions
15381:Government
15365:30 October
14538:10 October
14295:10 October
14287:. Kigali.
14270:26 October
14262:. Kigali.
14196:4 November
14188:. Kigali.
14130:26 October
14105:29 October
14080:29 October
13989:4 November
13959:. Berlin:
13936:"Governor"
13922:4 November
13914:. London.
13870:29 October
13845:10 October
13721:"Umuganda"
13464:. London.
13437:. London.
13344:. London.
13185:. Kigali.
13102:. Kigali.
13044:World Bank
13022:5 November
12868:. Kigali.
12843:. Kigali.
12799:. Kigali.
12774:. Kigali.
12724:. Kigali.
12699:. Kigali.
12549:31 October
12463:. London.
12384:. London.
12359:. London.
12293:. Kigali.
12266:Tech Times
12207:. Kigali.
12138:29 October
12015:. London:
11897:5 November
11872:30 October
11545:. London.
11414:. Kigali.
11292:. London.
11097:6 November
11089:. London.
11073:5 November
11046:7 November
11038:. London.
10965:. London.
10894:26 October
10793:29 October
10764:. London.
10737:. Kigali.
10712:. Kigali.
10695:4 November
10687:. Kigali.
10521:. London.
10469:. Kigali.
10340:. London.
10327:30 October
10319:. London.
10306:30 October
10298:. London.
10285:30 October
10277:. London.
10256:. London.
10235:. London.
10214:. London.
10193:. London.
10172:. London.
10151:. London.
10135:10 October
10027:. Kigali.
9969:. Kigali.
9938:Al Jazeera
9920:. Kigali.
9876:30 October
9852:30 October
9472:Craig 2012
9276:Milmo 2006
9102:10 October
8991:Ethnologue
8905:Fact Check
8681:Emery 2013
8529:Evans 2014
8123:Banda 2015
7808:23 January
7765:unicef.org
7665:10 October
7533:Mugwe 2013
7485:Opobo 2015
7419:29 October
7155:Our Africa
6891:BioScience
6691:Smith 2015
6218:10 October
5573:Clark 2010
5180:, History.
4947:25 October
4626:6 December
4558:17 October
3855:as a sport
3835:basketball
3831:volleyball
3753:Turbo King
3721:soft drink
3697:barbecuing
3686:Brochettes
3503:(known as
3358:See also:
3058:government
2794:1,132,168
2541:sanitation
2515:March 2023
2430:MTN Rwanda
2317:wolframite
2088:is mostly
1908:Nyabarongo
1878:landlocked
1766:), cells (
1670:South Kivu
1648:, and the
1599:High Court
1547:Parliament
1347:after the
1109:cash crops
942:, and the
847:dd/mm/yyyy
619:Population
430:Parliament
368:Government
349:Demonym(s)
340:1.0% other
155:(English:
18611:Gibraltar
18486:Australia
18399:Sri Lanka
18384:Singapore
18309:Mauritius
18174:Australia
18162:(members)
17919:Louisiana
17914:Lithuania
17859:Argentina
17852:Observers
17701:Mauritius
16932:Geography
16690:Mahinland
16388:Dependent
16236:Mauritius
15935:Languages
15867:Education
15836:Transport
15765:President
15706:Elections
15670:Volcanoes
15638:Geography
15420:from the
15210:5 October
15200:0042-9686
15173:5 October
15099:19 August
15078:19 August
15057:19 August
15036:19 August
15015:19 August
14994:19 August
14973:19 August
14825:153661006
14671:USA Today
14562:19 August
14484:31 August
14457:20 August
14436:20 August
14415:20 August
14220:30 August
14175:25 August
14056:5 October
13785:5 October
13758:5 October
13496:19 August
13296:20 August
13264:. Dakar.
13258:Panapress
13248:5 October
13193:1 October
13137:1684-5374
12955:13 August
12757:5 October
12732:5 October
12027:1 October
11493:"Animals"
11422:1 October
11251:20 August
11224:19 August
10568:145722128
10264:1 October
10096:. Paris:
10062:31 August
10010:23 August
9928:30 August
9868:. Paris.
9252:King 2007
9075:CJCR 2003
9003:7 January
8858:7 January
8240:Boyd 1979
7852:AfDB 2011
7798:Burdie.co
7587:RURA 2011
7575:RURA 2015
7548:RURA 2015
7439:ignored (
7429:cite book
6980:2041-1723
6913:0006-3568
6837:King 2007
6655:RDB (III)
6617:. USAID.
6587:King 2007
6521:King 2007
6408:Hodd 1994
6190:CJCR 2003
5867:CJCR 2003
5783:CJCR 2003
5744:CJCR 2003
5732:CJCR 2003
5720:CJCR 2003
5708:CJCR 2003
5696:CJCR 2003
5684:CJCR 2003
5672:CJCR 2003
5660:CJCR 2003
5648:CJCR 2003
5633:CJCR 2003
5621:CJCR 2003
5609:CJCR 2003
5597:CJCR 2003
5511:143013060
5470:154910536
5178:UNPO 2008
4735:King 2007
4468:1526-0054
4428:cite book
4370:153404360
4362:0143-6597
4151:Citations
3948:World Cup
3839:athletics
3729:Coca-Cola
3702:ikivuguto
3470:dance-pop
3454:dancehall
3290:Languages
3255:Rwamagana
3167:mutuelles
3083:programme
3065:Education
3030:Ruhengeri
3022:Lake Kivu
2950:Rwamagana
2878:Ruhengeri
2455:submarine
2414:LAP Green
2410:Rwandatel
2399:Umuvugizi
2362:in 2023.
2326:Rwanda's
2016:temperate
1932:Lake Kivu
1885:watershed
1806:Geography
1775:imidugudu
1748:districts
1738:provinces
1627:ombudsman
1587:civil law
1187:Stone Age
1175:Neolithic
1035:civil war
983:Iron Ages
948:sobriquet
853:Drives on
826:Time zone
714:(nominal)
526:1959–1961
513:1916–1962
500:1897–1916
469:Formation
395:President
376:under an
316:Religion
218:30°3′34″E
215:1°56′38″S
18700:2°S 30°E
18665:Source:
18616:Guernsey
18574:Anguilla
18404:Tanzania
18339:Pakistan
18299:Maldives
18294:Malaysia
18279:Kiribati
18224:Dominica
18209:Cameroon
18199:Botswana
18189:Barbados
18105:Category
18061:TV5Monde
17985:Thailand
17954:Slovenia
17949:Slovakia
17616:Dominica
17611:Djibouti
17571:Cameroon
17566:Cambodia
17551:Bulgaria
17461:Category
17339:Passport
17254:Politics
16997:Assembly
16772:Tientsin
16765:Tsingtao
16695:Togoland
16654:Wituland
16628:Colonies
16566:Category
16484:Portugal
16336:Zimbabwe
16311:Tanzania
16161:Ethiopia
16156:Eswatini
16135:Djibouti
16100:Cameroon
16085:Botswana
15995:Category
15902:Religion
15733:Military
15689:Politics
15675:Wildlife
15550:Timeline
15534:articles
15446:template
15422:BBC News
15359:Archived
15329:(2001).
15311:Archived
15246:(2006).
15228:Archived
15153:(2015).
15135:Archived
15114:Archived
15093:Archived
15072:Archived
15051:Archived
15030:Archived
15009:Archived
14988:Archived
14967:Archived
14946:Archived
14925:Archived
14904:Archived
14879:"Rwanda"
14760:Archived
14729:Archived
14725:BBC News
14704:Archived
14700:BBC News
14679:Archived
14631:Archived
14584:Archived
14574:(2004).
14556:Archived
14550:(2015).
14505:Archived
14496:(2008).
14475:Archived
14361:Archived
14337:Archived
14313:Archived
14289:Archived
14264:Archived
14239:Archived
14214:Archived
14208:(2014).
14190:Archived
14169:Archived
14165:26624167
14124:Archived
14095:KT Press
14074:Archived
13980:Archived
13971:(2013).
13916:Archived
13888:Archived
13839:Archived
13824:20 April
13818:Archived
13776:Archived
13749:Archived
13725:Archived
13706:cite web
13690:Archived
13667:cite web
13651:Archived
13602:Archived
13514:Archived
13510:"Ingoma"
13490:Archived
13466:Archived
13439:Archived
13391:Archived
13346:Archived
13266:Archived
13242:Archived
13205:(2000).
13187:Archived
13162:Archived
13141:Archived
13104:Archived
13079:Archived
13073:(2010).
12970:Archived
12895:Archived
12870:Archived
12845:Archived
12801:Archived
12776:Archived
12726:Archived
12701:Archived
12657:Archived
12540:Archived
12465:Archived
12386:Archived
12361:Archived
12333:Archived
12295:Archived
12270:Archived
12245:Archived
12227:(2002).
12209:Archived
12184:Archived
12159:Archived
12048:Archived
12021:Archived
11948:Archived
11795:27 April
11789:Archived
11787:. Bonn.
11765:Archived
11755:(2012).
11734:Archived
11710:Archived
11686:Archived
11684:. Mies.
11662:Archived
11605:Archived
11547:Archived
11522:Archived
11518:BBC News
11449:Archived
11416:Archived
11368:Archived
11340:Archived
11294:Archived
11269:Archived
11265:"Rwanda"
11263:(2010).
11245:Archived
11151:Archived
11146:ABC News
11124:Archived
11091:Archived
11040:Archived
10994:Archived
10967:Archived
10942:Archived
10921:Archived
10888:Archived
10817:Archived
10807:"Rwanda"
10787:Archived
10781:CECAFA.
10766:Archived
10739:Archived
10714:Archived
10689:Archived
10529:12 April
10523:Archived
10496:Archived
10492:BBC News
10471:Archived
10425:Archived
10390:Archived
10366:Archived
10362:"Rwanda"
10342:Archived
10321:Archived
10300:Archived
10279:Archived
10258:Archived
10237:Archived
10216:Archived
10195:Archived
10174:Archived
10153:Archived
10126:Archived
10102:Archived
10029:Archived
10004:Archived
9971:Archived
9946:Archived
9944:. Doha.
9922:Archived
9897:Archived
9870:Archived
9804:Archived
9096:Archived
8997:Archived
8972:Archived
8909:Archived
8849:Archived
8731:Archived
8693:WHO 2015
8624:Archived
8607:IMF 2000
8568:WHO 2008
8478:5 August
8474:. Knoema
8072:29 April
8066:Archived
8024:Archived
7802:Archived
7769:Archived
7683:IDA 2009
7659:Archived
7413:Archived
7375:RDB (II)
7243:WTO 2004
7210:Archived
7190:31 March
7184:Archived
7167:WRI 2006
7067:5 August
7020:Archived
6998:33293507
6931:28608869
6811:Archived
6784:Archived
6754:Archived
6724:Archived
6628:14 March
6619:Archived
6449:WWF 2001
6433:Le Point
6424:Archived
6305:CIA (II)
6212:Archived
6166:OAU 2000
6145:Archived
6118:Archived
5911:Archived
5549:Archived
5130:Archived
4941:Archived
4646:Archived
4620:Archived
4616:"Rwanda"
4600:22 March
4594:Archived
4552:Archived
4502:"Rwanda"
4480:Archived
4476:43133887
4412:Archived
4284:Archived
4250:Archived
4232:(2018).
4205:Archived
4172:Archived
4128:u Rwanda
3966:See also
3892:swimming
3777:Guinness
3713:Bralirwa
3672:porridge
3668:umutsima
3593:umuganda
3586:am to 11
3575:umuganda
3539:100 Days
3505:nyakatsi
3495:Imigongo
3239:Religion
3213:HIV/AIDS
3110:literacy
3092:and the
2973:Southern
2914:Cyangugu
2901:Northern
2883:Northern
2865:Southern
2860:Gitarama
2847:Southern
2833:136,830
2814:Gitarama
2749:Province
2674:RwandAir
2666:Cyangugu
2642:taxicabs
2426:landline
2285:potatoes
2082:begonias
1866:Tanzania
1834:Djibouti
1830:Eswatini
1763:imirenge
1693:Uganda.
1565:system.
1561:under a
1551:chambers
1498:de facto
1268:uburetwa
1251:Nyiginya
1191:Iron Age
1143:and the
1050:de facto
1015:revolted
936:Tanzania
811:Currency
372:Unitary
359:Rwandese
18579:Bermuda
18551:Tokelau
18439:Vanuatu
18334:Nigeria
18319:Namibia
18284:Lesotho
18269:Jamaica
18254:Grenada
18179:Bahamas
18149:of the
18147:Members
18075:Related
18024:Culture
17969:Uruguay
17964:Ukraine
17939:Ontario
17899:Ireland
17894:Hungary
17889:Georgia
17874:Croatia
17864:Austria
17781:Vietnam
17776:Vanuatu
17771:Tunisia
17751:Senegal
17731:Romania
17716:Morocco
17706:Moldova
17671:Lebanon
17596:Comoros
17561:Burundi
17541:Belgium
17536:Armenia
17531:Andorra
17526:Albania
17519:Members
17511:Members
17400:Culture
17353:Economy
17316:Symbols
16955:Regions
16940:Borders
16860:History
16706:Oceania
16671:Kamerun
16543:Socotra
16522:Melilla
16491:Madeira
16454:Réunion
16449:Mayotte
16321:Tunisia
16291:Somalia
16276:Senegal
16261:Nigeria
16251:Namibia
16241:Morocco
16206:Liberia
16201:Lesotho
16151:Eritrea
16120:Comoros
16095:Burundi
16070:Algeria
15979:Outline
15925:Cuisine
15917:Culture
15850:Society
15831:Tourism
15789:Economy
15542:History
15486:Tourism
15448:below (
15395:General
14952:27 July
14794:8 April
14651:"Batwa"
14145:Zootaxa
13545:7 April
13472:8 April
13411:Reuters
12707:9 April
12663:8 April
12342:8 April
12251:25 June
12190:9 April
12165:7 April
12002:7 April
11954:25 June
11826:1166503
11692:9 April
11611:25 June
11455:25 June
11300:27 July
11178:9 April
11130:25 June
10927:25 June
10772:9 April
10477:9 April
8915:8 March
8030:21 June
7655:Reuters
7216:17 July
7041:IMF (I)
6989:7723057
6958:Bibcode
6922:5451287
6151:9 March
6124:9 March
5917:4 April
5436:CIA (I)
4544:IMF.org
4178:4 April
3851:Cycling
3847:Cricket
3793:spirits
3708:urwagwa
3682:mélange
3663:Ubugari
3650:tilapia
3646:cassava
3633:ibitoke
3621:cabbage
3599:Cuisine
3490:agaseke
3481:agaseke
3466:R&B
3450:hip hop
3416:dancers
3396:Culture
3329:of the
3323:Swahili
3148:malaria
3038:Muhanga
3018:Gisenyi
3013:Umutara
2977:46,240
2959:47,203
2955:Eastern
2941:48,024
2937:Western
2923:63,883
2919:Western
2905:70,593
2887:86,685
2869:87,163
2851:89,600
2829:Western
2824:Gisenyi
2777:Gisenyi
2731:Source:
2658:Entebbe
2654:Nairobi
2629:minibus
2621:Nairobi
2617:Kampala
2613:Mombasa
2564:Ruhondo
2505:updated
2395:Umuseso
2339:Tourism
2297:cassava
2217:Economy
2094:savanna
2078:orchids
2074:Nyungwe
2068:, with
1999:Climate
1993:savanna
1981:Virunga
1948:Ruhondo
1926:of the
1876:and is
1874:equator
1870:Burundi
1852:is the
1846:Albania
1838:Burundi
1769:utugari
1758:sectors
1753:uturere
1734:divided
1584:Belgian
1525:is the
1381:Nyamata
1312:called
1302:Burundi
1298:Belgian
1261:ubuhake
1195:pottery
1151:History
1113:Tourism
1007:Belgium
999:Germany
965:capital
960:savanna
940:Burundi
928:Equator
910:in the
906:, is a
802: (
571:•
547:Belgium
532:•
519:•
480:•
452:•
437:•
408:•
393:•
356:Rwandan
265:Swahili
255:English
199:Capital
145: "
143:Anthem:
84:Swahili
18724:Rwanda
18705:-2; 30
18626:Jersey
18444:Zambia
18429:Uganda
18424:Tuvalu
18349:Rwanda
18289:Malawi
18259:Guyana
18244:Gambia
18219:Cyprus
18214:Canada
18204:Brunei
18194:Belize
17944:Poland
17924:Mexico
17909:Latvia
17904:Kosovo
17838:Serbia
17833:Cyprus
17823:Gambia
17807:Quebec
17736:Rwanda
17711:Monaco
17646:Guinea
17641:Greece
17631:France
17576:Canada
17421:Theory
17329:Emblem
17324:Anthem
17219:AMISOM
17204:UNAMID
17056:Bureau
16965:Organs
16636:Africa
16442:France
16399:France
16331:Zambia
16326:Uganda
16266:Rwanda
16221:Malawi
16181:Guinea
16075:Angola
16054:Africa
15882:Health
15816:Mining
15806:Franc
15743:Senate
15650:Cities
15532:
15530:Rwanda
15476:Rwanda
15465:Curlie
15461:Rwanda
15451:Curlie
15435:Rwanda
15402:Rwanda
15198:
15120:12 May
14863:
14842:
14823:
14616:29 May
14163:
14029:
14008:
13371:
13135:
13046:&
12995:
12824:
12680:
12442:
12325:
12237:
12111:
12092:
12073:
11973:
11940:
11843:
11824:
11654:
11630:
11597:
11441:
11317:
11195:
11116:
10913:
10668:
10628:"Beer"
10566:
10560:523892
10558:
10431:1 July
10417:
10081:
10074:Rwanda
9996:
9829:
9784:
9754:CECAFA
8978:(2022)
8737:8 June
8630:20 May
7405:
7097:17 May
7063:. 2023
6996:
6986:
6978:
6929:
6919:
6911:
5541:
5509:
5468:
5136:1 July
4933:
4783:Shyaka
4474:
4466:
4404:
4368:
4360:
4320:
4242:
4211:23 May
3956:APR FC
3789:whisky
3783:, and
3781:Tusker
3769:Unibra
3751:, and
3749:Amstel
3745:Mützig
3741:Primus
3737:Sprite
3735:, and
3677:Isombe
3638:pulses
3588:
3584:
3554:, and
3500:Gisaka
3483:basket
3438:ingoma
3433:intore
3413:intore
3337:speak
3325:, the
3310:French
3306:German
3165:. The
3139:Burera
3116:Health
3036:, and
3034:Butare
2932:Kibuye
2896:Byumba
2842:Butare
2804:Butare
2790:Kigali
2785:Kigali
2767:Kigali
2723:
2720:
2609:Bukavu
2560:Burera
2484:, and
2451:SEACOM
2321:coltan
2281:matoke
2205:, and
2181:cranes
2177:storks
2098:acacia
2090:bamboo
1958:, and
1952:Muhazi
1944:Burera
1924:source
1916:Kagera
1912:Ruvubu
1862:Uganda
1832:, and
1826:Gambia
1800:Kigali
1743:intara
1690:Uganda
1611:Gacaca
1606:courts
1604:Gacaca
1597:, the
1580:German
1478:, and
1439:Gacaca
1273:corvée
1239:ubwoko
1228:Nyanza
1163:, and
1137:COMESA
1127:, the
1123:, the
1101:Coffee
969:Kigali
952:French
932:Uganda
900:Rwanda
786:(2022)
784:
766:(2016)
764:
712:
656:
445:Senate
322:93.8%
278:(1994)
260:French
206:Kigali
189:Africa
80:
70:French
66:
52:
18:Ruanda
18414:Tonga
18369:Samoa
18324:Nauru
18304:Malta
18274:Kenya
18264:India
18249:Ghana
18239:Gabon
18056:AFFOI
17828:Ghana
17726:Qatar
17721:Niger
17656:Haiti
17636:Gabon
17621:Egypt
17546:Benin
17381:NEPAD
17224:MISCA
17189:ACIRC
16753:China
16718:Samoa
16536:Yemen
16517:Ceuta
16505:Spain
16463:Italy
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