33:
1344:
1287:
1124:: (1) reformulation of the cultural pattern; (2) its communication; (3) organization of a reformulated cultural pattern; (4) adaptation of the reformulated pattern to better meet the needs and preferences of the group; (5) cultural transformation; (6) routinization, when the adapted reformulated cultural pattern becomes the standard cultural behavior for the group.
1072:
change themselves. A revitalization movement is a "deliberate, organized, conscious effort by members of a society to construct a more satisfying culture" (p. 265), and
Wallace describes at length the processes by which a revitalization movement takes place.
242:
1110:. While the group as a whole is able to survive through its accustomed cultural behavior, changes in the social or natural environment frustrate efforts of many people to obtain normal satisfactions of their needs.
1117:. Changes in the group's social or natural environment drastically reduce the capacity of accustomed cultural behavior to satisfy most persons' physical and emotional needs.
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1047:
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Wallace derived his theory from studies of so-called primitive peoples (preliterate and homogeneous), with particular attention to the
598:
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555:
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800:
374:
1152:(1735-1815). Wallace believed that his revitalization model applies to movements as broad and complex as the rise of
1033:
1174:
Scholars such as
Vittorio Lanternari (1963) and Peter Worsley (1968) have developed and adapted Wallace's insights.
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1085:. It is derived from studies of a Native American religious movement, The Code of
1241:
The Ghost Dance: Ethnohistory and
Revitalization, Massacre at Wounded Knee Creek,
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1192:: a controversially named reference to revitalization movements in the USA.
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874:
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266:
261:
1255:
The
Religions of the Oppressed; a Study of Modern Messianic Cults.
1146:
1069:
1008:
989:
945:
840:
731:
57:
1286:
928:
682:
667:
647:
301:
162:
142:
62:
1269:
Cargo Cult: Strange
Stories of Desire from Melanesia and Beynd
1262:
The
Trumpet Shall Sound; a Study of "Cargo" Cults in Melanesia
1257:(London: MacGibbon & Kee, , 1963; New York: Knopf, 1963).
1157:
903:
891:
627:
286:
276:
202:
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1131:
to the group's changed social and/or natural environment.
746:
1219:
Wallace, Anthony F.C. 1956. "Revitalization
Movements"
1264:. (New York,: Schocken Books, 2d augmented, 1968).
1186:: a famous Native American revitalization movement
1396:
1271:. (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. 1993).
1129:New period of generally satisfactory adaptation
1081:Wallace' model 1956 describes the process of a
1379:
1322:
1171:Revitalizaton is a part of social movements.
1089:, which may have led to the formation of the
1041:
1103:to a group's social and natural environment.
1101:Period of generally satisfactory adaptation
1386:
1372:
1329:
1315:
1048:
1034:
556:Anthropological Perspectives on Religion
1397:
1108:Period of increased individual stress
1338:
1281:
245:Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants
13:
375:Archaeology of religion and ritual
14:
1441:
1342:
1285:
31:
1141:revitalization movement led by
88:Evolutionary origin of religion
1212:
243:Treatise on the Apparitions of
1:
1233:
1115:Period of cultural distortion
693:Traditional African religions
238:Coral Gardens and Their Magic
1358:. You can help Knowledge by
1301:. You can help Knowledge by
1243:Thompson Publishing, 1989.
7:
1177:
1076:
10:
1446:
1337:
1280:
1064:published a paper called "
1293:This article relating to
771:Armenian Apostolic Church
1206:
1122:Period of revitalization
1066:Revitalization Movements
663:Native American religion
318:Revitalization movements
173:Sacredâprofane dichotomy
25:Anthropology of religion
1425:Religious studies stubs
1224:American Anthropologist
1201:Language revitalization
1083:revitalization movement
577:The Journal of Religion
198:Theories about religion
1135:
623:Alaska Native religion
618:Afro-American religion
213:Veneration of the dead
1415:Sociology of religion
1352:sociology of religion
1253:Vittorio Lanternari.
1145:religious leader and
1095:
1062:Anthony F. C. Wallace
1024:cultural anthropology
643:Chinese folk religion
535:Anthony F. C. Wallace
530:Daniel Martin Varisco
455:E. E. Evans-Pritchard
357:of the Religious Life
1196:Christian revivalism
678:Shamanism in Siberia
525:Edward Burnett Tylor
355:The Elementary Forms
123:Magic (supernatural)
73:Comparative religion
37:Arapahoe ghost dance
1350:This article about
860:Hindu denominations
801:Ethiopian Orthodoxy
570:The Hibbert Journal
480:Claude LĂ©vi-Strauss
465:Fustel de Coulanges
19:Part of a series on
1420:Anthropology stubs
1267:Lamont Lindstrom.
1166:Wesleyan Methodism
1091:Longhouse Religion
1068:" to describe how
914:Non-denominational
826:Oriental Orthodoxy
380:Poles in mythology
113:Laying on of hands
1367:
1366:
1310:
1309:
1058:
1057:
846:Russian Orthodoxy
796:Eastern Orthodoxy
445:Arnold van Gennep
364:Purity and Danger
1437:
1410:Social movements
1388:
1381:
1374:
1346:
1339:
1331:
1324:
1317:
1289:
1282:
1239:Kehoe, B Alice,
1228:
1216:
1190:Great Awakenings
1050:
1043:
1036:
791:Coptic Orthodoxy
505:Marshall Sahlins
347:Related articles
35:
16:
15:
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1434:
1430:Sociology stubs
1395:
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1260:Peter Worsley.
1236:
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1217:
1213:
1209:
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1054:
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806:Greek Orthodoxy
786:Catholic Church
602:
601:
590:
589:
550:
549:
540:
539:
515:Stanley Tambiah
470:Clifford Geertz
425:Joseph Campbell
410:Augustin Calmet
405:
404:
403:Major theorists
395:
394:
370:Myth and ritual
356:
349:
348:
339:
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244:
228:
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218:
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168:Sacred language
158:Rite of passage
83:Divine language
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38:
12:
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415:Akbar S. Ahmed
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46:Basic concepts
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1087:Handsome Lake
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836:Protestantism
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520:Victor Turner
518:
516:
513:
511:
510:Melford Spiro
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
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495:Roy Rappaport
493:
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490:Steven Ozment
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485:Robert Marett
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440:Mircea Eliade
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334:Handsome Lake
332:
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34:
30:
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26:
23:
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18:
17:
1405:Anthropology
1360:expanding it
1349:
1303:expanding it
1295:anthropology
1292:
1277:
1274:
1268:
1261:
1254:
1240:
1227:58: 264-281.
1222:
1214:
1173:
1170:
1154:Christianity
1136:
1128:
1121:
1114:
1107:
1100:
1082:
1080:
1065:
1059:
953:Conservative
821:Nestorianism
754:Christianity
582:
575:
568:
561:
554:
500:Saba Mahmood
475:Robin Horton
460:James Frazer
430:Mary Douglas
362:
353:
250:Neo-Paganism
226:Case studies
193:Superstition
188:Soul dualism
98:Great Spirit
1184:Ghost Dance
880:Vaishnavism
811:Lutheranism
766:Anglicanism
450:René Girard
329:Ghost Dance
208:Transtheism
178:Sacred site
138:Nympholepsy
1399:Categories
1249:1577664531
1234:References
1002:ĆvetÄmbara
638:Böö mörgöl
420:Talal Asad
324:Cargo cult
153:Polytheism
148:Pilgrimage
133:Monotheism
118:Liminality
108:Initiation
103:Henotheism
78:Divination
68:Communitas
1060:In 1956,
997:Digambara
939:YazdĂąnism
919:Quranists
899:Ahmadiyya
885:Ayyavazhi
816:Methodism
781:Calvinism
761:Adventism
742:Vajrayana
727:Theravada
717:Pure Land
599:Religions
272:Bobohizan
183:Shamanism
93:Fetishism
53:Afterlife
1178:See also
1162:Buddhism
1139:Iroquois
1077:Overview
1070:cultures
978:Orthodox
968:Haymanot
909:Mahdavia
875:Smartism
870:Shaktism
865:Shaivism
853:Hinduism
776:Baptists
712:Nichiren
707:Mahayana
700:Buddhism
688:Tengrism
563:Folklore
548:Journals
307:Slametan
267:Babaylan
262:Angakkuq
1147:prophet
1009:Sikhism
990:Jainism
973:Karaite
963:Hasidic
946:Judaism
841:Quakers
737:Tibetan
732:Tiantai
722:Shingon
658:KejawĂšn
584:Oceania
58:Animism
1247:
1143:Seneca
1020:Social
983:Reform
958:Haredi
929:Sufism
683:Shinto
673:Shindo
668:Noaidi
648:Hanitu
607:Ethnic
302:Pawang
297:JhÄkri
256:Ritual
163:Ritual
143:Oracle
63:Augury
1354:is a
1297:is a
1207:Notes
1164:, or
1158:Islam
1113:III.
934:Sunni
904:Ibadi
892:Islam
653:Hausa
628:Anito
287:Dukun
277:Bomoh
232:Magic
203:Totem
1356:stub
1299:stub
1245:ISBN
1120:IV.
1106:II.
1022:and
924:Shia
633:Atua
609:and
292:Miko
282:Bora
128:Mana
1127:V.
1099:I.
1093:.
747:Zen
1401::
1221:,
1168:.
1160:,
1156:,
312:Wu
1387:e
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1373:v
1362:.
1330:e
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