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Philosophy of war

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48: 2624:" and "national" are the key concepts of his paradigm. In this view, the decision to wage war "ought" to be rational, in the sense that it ought to be based on estimated costs and gains of war. Next, war "ought" to be instrumental, in the sense that it ought to be waged in order to achieve some goal, never for its own sake; and also in the sense that strategy and tactics ought to be directed towards just one end, namely towards victory. Finally, war "ought" to be national, in the sense that its objective should be to advance the interests of a national state and that the entire effort of the nation ought to be mobilized in the service of the military objective. 6620: 5412: 2057: 3093: 6646: 5399: 2255:(no attacking out of rage), and fair treatment of captives and the wounded. The philosophy of just war theorizes what aspects of war are justifiable according to morally acceptable principles. Just war theory is based upon four core criteria to be followed by those determined to go to war. The four principles are as follows: just authority; just cause; right intention; last resort. 2503:
school of thought sees all wars (or all major wars) as leading to some goal, and asserts that some final conflict will someday resolve the path followed by all wars and result in a massive upheaval of society and a subsequent new society free from war (in varying theories the resulting society may be
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Voina kak odin iz bystreyshikh i mogushchestvennykh tsivilizatorov narodov. mogushchestvennym dvigatelem yavlyaetsya voyna v dele ulucheniya vnutreeego, nravstennego i material'nogo byta narodov . (War as one of the quickest and most powerful civilizers of peoples. . war emerges as a powerful tool
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within societies cannot realistically be applied to societies as a whole to govern the way they, as societies, interact with other societies. Hence, a state's purposes in war is simply to preserve its national interest. This kind of thinking is similar to Machiavelli's philosophy, and
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The American Political Science Review, December 1989, Vol 83, No. 4 (Dec. 1989), American Political Science Association Publisher pp. 1447-1448 Book Review: "On War and Morality by Robert L. Holmes" reviewed by Stephen R. Rock, Vassar College Robert L. Holmes on
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can be described as distinct movements. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy refers to Carl von Clausewitz as "the only (so-called) philosopher of war", implying that he is the only (major) philosophical writer who develops a philosophical system focusing
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are among the philosophers who have espoused some form of a just war philosophy. One common just war theory evaluation of war is that war is only justified if 1.) waged in a state or nation's self-defense, or 2.) waged in order to end gross violations of
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Since the philosophy of war is often treated as a subset of another branch of philosophy (for example, political philosophy or the philosophy of law) it would be difficult to define any clear-cut schools of thought in the same sense that, e.g.,
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To go to war, one must determine if the intentions of doing so are right according to morality. Right intention criterion requires the determination of whether or not a war response is a measurable way to the conflict being acted upon.
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which argues against the Clausewitzian conception of war between wholly autonomous states, seeking to replace it with a conception of a "fair and just" international society of peoples adhering to principles of international
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however, maintains that a moral evaluation of war is possible, and that war is always found to be immoral. Generally, there are two kinds of modern secular pacifism to consider: (1) a more
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Just cause is a justifiable reason that war is the appropriate and necessary response. If war can be avoided, that must be determined first, according to the philosophy of just war theory.
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Nous, Dec., 1992, Vol. 26, No. 4 (Dec., 1992) Wiley Publishing pp. 559-562 Book Review: '"On War and Morality" by Robert L. Holmes by Steven Lee, Hobart and Smith Colleges. on JSTOR
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The criterion of just authority refers to the determined legality of going to war, and whether the concept of war and the pursuit of it has been legally processed and justified.
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form of pacifism (or DP), which contends that the very activity of war is intrinsically wrong, since it violates foremost duties of justice, such as not killing human beings.
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on war. However, discernible traditions of thought on war have developed over time, so that some writers have been able to distinguish broad categories (if somewhat loosely).
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Another possible system for categorizing different schools of thought on war can be found in the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (see external links, below), based on
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These do not, of course, exhaust the views of war prevailing at different times and at different places. For example, war has at times been viewed as a pastime or an
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of war: whether war is a means to an end outside itself or whether it can be an end in itself. He concludes that the latter cannot be so, and that war is "
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War is a last resort response, meaning that if there is a conflict between disagreeing parties, all solutions must be attempted before resorting to war.
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also strove within the halls of academe to apply both theoretical forms of secular pacifism within the context of modern forms of warfare including
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form of pacifism (or CP), which maintains that the benefits accruing from war can never outweigh the costs of fighting it; and (2) a more
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asks if the suffering caused by war can ever be justified. A long discussion then ensues between the siblings, establishing criteria like
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conflicts as "Neo-Clausewitzian". Rapoport also includes Machiavelli as an early example of the political philosophy of war (
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discuss some philosophical points relating to war, though neither book could be said to be a work in the philosophy of war.
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for a discussion of the application of Sun Tzu's philosophy to areas other than war). In the early 16th century, parts of
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by different means"; i.e. that war must not exist only for its own sake. It must serve some purpose for the state.
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possible for a war to be morally justified. The concept of a morally justified war underlies much of the concept
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Holmes, Robert L. Book reviewed by Diana T. Meyers, University of Connecticut, Starrs. Robert L. Holmes on JSTOR
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devoted to examining issues such as the causes of war, the relationship between war and human nature, and the
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identifies three main teleological traditions in the philosophy of war: the cataclysmic, the
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The Philosophical Review Vol 101, No. 2 (April 1992) Duke University Press pp. 481-484
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cataclysmic, in which this view is focused specifically on the plight of a specific
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school of thought, of which Clausewitz was a proponent, sees war as a tool of the
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contains frequent philosophical digressions on the philosophy of war (and broader
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in the matter of improving the internal, moral and material life of peoples .
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eschatological philosophy is derived from the Jewish-Christian concept of a
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Opyt kritiko-istoricheskogo issledovaniya zakonov isskusstva vedeniya voyny
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Critico-historical research into the laws of the art of the conduct of war
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is an example of a theory that could fall under Global or Messianic. (
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of war. Certain aspects of the philosophy of war overlap with the
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The Rosicrucian Philosophy in Questions and Answers - Volume II
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An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
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and the purpose of war. Clausewitz especially examines the
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Clausewitz views war as a rational instrument of national
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or "righteous war"). In it, one of five ruling brothers (
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methods instead of war. In the late twentieth century
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Perhaps the greatest and most influential work in the
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by Robert L. Holmes - Scholarly peer reviews on JSTOR
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in 2001 and 2003 have often been justified under the
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The Ethics of Nonviolence: Essay by Robert L. Holmes
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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3015:"Just War Tradition - Christian Research Institute" 2416:), as a tenacious custom, destined to die out like 2791:advocated these criteria as justification for war. 2629:He later characterizes the philosophy behind the 6676: 2722:and others were famous advocates of pacifistic 5443: 3347: 3316: 2202:) and parts of Machiavelli's own work titled 2001: 16:Theory of causes and ethics of armed conflict 6390:Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel 2528:is an example of the global theory, and the 2156:emphasized the favorable effects of war on 5450: 5436: 3354: 3340: 2961:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2313: 2008: 1994: 3177:Learn how and when to remove this message 2580:and the 19th century American concept of 2438:school of thought, which was espoused by 2291: 2055: 972:List of military strategies and concepts 6422:Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals 2114:and from Tolstoy's observations of the 6677: 2988:"Great Philosophers: Augustine on War" 2372:, as the only proper occupation for a 2321:'s introduction to his edition of the 5431: 5093: 3835: 3373: 3335: 2669: 3115:adding citations to reliable sources 3086: 3009: 3007: 2982: 2980: 2978: 2976: 2974: 2972: 2916: 2800: 2685:will typically hold that systems of 6438:Elements of the Philosophy of Right 3324:Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy 3311:Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy 2584:may also fall under this heading. ( 2552:, Rapoport's introduction, 15) The 2180:(see the main Knowledge article on 13: 2702:may also fall under this category. 2357:; in cataclysmic philosophy, to a 2274: 2211: 14: 6701: 3299: 3004: 2969: 2917:Leer, Genrikh Antonovich (1869). 2258: 2060:Carl von Clausewitz, painting by 2052:Works about the philosophy of war 6644: 6619: 6618: 5411: 5410: 5397: 3091: 3079:- Book blurb on google.books.com 2251:(no poisoned or barbed arrows), 2128:The Kingdom of God is Within You 46: 3102:needs additional citations for 2836:Marxist explanations of warfare 2428:, Rapoport's introduction, 17) 6658: 6406:The Theory of Moral Sentiments 5776:Value monism – Value pluralism 3361: 3069: 3058: 3046: 3031: 2910: 2392:), as an outlet of aggressive 2283: 2130:" (1894)) directly influenced 1: 5094: 2898: 2496:, Rapoport's introduction 16) 2266: 6470:On the Genealogy of Morality 6430:Critique of Practical Reason 4883:Ordinary language philosophy 3374: 3308:entry by Seth Lazar in the 3019:Christian Research Institute 2856:Mutually assured destruction 2536:war which will usher in the 7: 4933:Contemporary utilitarianism 4848:Internalism and externalism 2846:Military-industrial complex 2795: 2607:. On page 13 Rapoport says, 1465:Military–industrial complex 944:Operational manoeuvre group 10: 6706: 6398:A Treatise of Human Nature 5457: 4197:Svatantrika and Prasangika 3836: 2663:September 11, 2001 attacks 2464:, for example the view in 2380:(for example, the days of 2110:speculations derived from 6614: 6521: 6366: 6132: 5857: 5786: 5648: 5523: 5465: 5391: 5343: 5243: 5205: 5152: 5119: 5110: 5106: 5089: 5039: 4951: 4789: 4780: 4713: 4496: 4487: 4465: 4420: 4362: 4314: 4268: 4259: 4222: 4093: 3958: 3905: 3896: 3846: 3842: 3831: 3770: 3742: 3699: 3651: 3608: 3561: 3533: 3485: 3457: 3419:Philosophy of mathematics 3409:Philosophy of information 3384: 3380: 3369: 2396:or a manifestation of a " 1529:Loss-of-strength gradient 386:Combat information center 5749:Universal prescriptivism 2922: 2787:. Political philosopher 2544:and the final defeat of 2524:after a final worldwide 2480:in certain books of the 1847:Military science fiction 1332:Technology and equipment 753:List of military tactics 5538:Artificial intelligence 4888:Postanalytic philosophy 4829:Experimental philosophy 3319:"The Philosophy of War" 2689:and ethics which guide 2406:survival of the fittest 2404:'s way of ensuring the 2314:Teleological categories 2042:international relations 1915:Wartime sexual violence 1671:Full-spectrum dominance 1482:Supply-chain management 5021:Social constructionism 4033:Hellenistic philosophy 3449:Theoretical philosophy 3424:Philosophy of religion 3414:Philosophy of language 3260:Rosicrucian Fellowship 3195:Clausewitz, Carl von, 2865:Peace through strength 2659:doctrine of preemption 2626: 2431: 2336:, and the political. ( 2140:non-violent resistance 2065: 1827:Awards and decorations 1800:Peace through strength 1775:Low-intensity conflict 1409:Conscientious objector 1282:Area of responsibility 6462:The Methods of Ethics 5700:Divine command theory 5695:Ideal observer theory 5404:Philosophy portal 4923:Scientific skepticism 4903:Reformed epistemology 3429:Philosophy of science 3248:World War I reference 3244:The Philosophy of War 2610: 2590:Christian eschatology 2342: 2292:Traditions of thought 2059: 2034:philosophy of history 419:Torpedo data computer 409:Ship gun fire-control 6579:Political philosophy 4824:Critical rationalism 4531:Edo neo-Confucianism 4375:Acintya bheda abheda 4354:Renaissance humanism 4065:School of the Sextii 3439:Practical philosophy 3434:Political philosophy 3292:political liberalism 3220:, especially Book X 3111:improve this article 2038:political philosophy 1945:Military occupations 1780:Military engineering 1682:Unrestricted Warfare 1539:Force multiplication 437:Military manoeuvrers 6690:Philosophy by topic 6666:On War and Morality 6549:Evolutionary ethics 6510:Reasons and Persons 6486:A Theory of Justice 5640:Uncertain sentience 4395:Nimbarka Sampradaya 4306:Korean Confucianism 4053:Academic Skepticism 3317:Alexander Moseley. 3286:. A discussion of 3270:On War and Morality 3126:"Philosophy of war" 3040:On War and Morality 2728:social philosophers 2616:. The three words " 2564:or a single ruler. 2520:world ruled by the 2188:Niccolò Machiavelli 2124:A Letter to a Hindu 2074:Carl von Clausewitz 1631:Penal military unit 1616:Rules of engagement 1292:Command and control 917:Operations research 381:Director (military) 371:Fire-control system 141:Command and control 22:Part of a series on 6544:Ethics in religion 6539:Descriptive ethics 6374:Nicomachean Ethics 5016:Post-structuralism 4918:Scientific realism 4873:Quinean naturalism 4853:Logical positivism 4809:Analytical Marxism 4028:Peripatetic school 3940:Chinese naturalism 3467:Aesthetic response 3394:Applied philosophy 3290:in the context of 3283:The Law of Peoples 2760:Geneva Conventions 2720:Eugene Victor Debs 2670:Ethical categories 2594:Jewish eschatology 2442:in his epic novel 2376:, as an affair of 2066: 1740:Counter-insurgency 1661:Command of the sea 1606:Jewish laws on war 1581:Geneva Conventions 1117:Divide and conquer 912:Military operation 877:Tactical objective 376:Fire-control radar 353:Electronic-warfare 6632: 6631: 6599:Social philosophy 6584:Population ethics 6574:Philosophy of law 6554:History of ethics 6037:Political freedom 5714:Euthyphro dilemma 5505:Suffering-focused 5425: 5424: 5387: 5386: 5383: 5382: 5379: 5378: 5085: 5084: 5081: 5080: 5077: 5076: 4804:Analytic feminism 4776: 4775: 4738:Kierkegaardianism 4700:Transcendentalism 4660:Neo-scholasticism 4506:Classical Realism 4483: 4482: 4255: 4254: 4070:Neopythagoreanism 3827: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3444:Social philosophy 3288:international law 3266:Holmes, Robert L. 3222:"Relating to War" 3187: 3186: 3179: 3161: 2895: 2894: 2875:Strategic victory 2822:Deterrence theory 2756:international law 2145:Writing in 1869, 2062:Karl Wilhelm Wach 2046:philosophy of law 2022:philosophy of war 2018: 2017: 1910:Horses in warfare 1857:Anti-war movement 1760:Gunboat diplomacy 1750:Disaster response 1698:Philosophy of war 1693:Principles of war 1666:Deterrence theory 1611:Right of conquest 1534:Lanchester's laws 1302:Principles of war 992:Counter-offensive 977:Military campaign 882:Target saturation 805:Counterinsurgency 414:Gun data computer 348:Close air support 310:Aircraft carriers 6697: 6670: 6662: 6649: 6648: 6647: 6640: 6622: 6621: 6569:Moral psychology 6514: 6506: 6498: 6494:Practical Ethics 6490: 6482: 6478:Principia Ethica 6474: 6466: 6458: 6450: 6442: 6434: 6426: 6418: 6410: 6402: 6394: 6386: 6382:Ethics (Spinoza) 6378: 6017:Moral imperative 5475:Consequentialism 5452: 5445: 5438: 5429: 5428: 5414: 5413: 5402: 5401: 5400: 5117: 5116: 5108: 5107: 5091: 5090: 4981:Frankfurt School 4928:Transactionalism 4878:Normative ethics 4858:Legal positivism 4834:Falsificationism 4819:Consequentialism 4814:Communitarianism 4787: 4786: 4655:New Confucianism 4494: 4493: 4301:Neo-Confucianism 4266: 4265: 4075:Second Sophistic 4060:Middle Platonism 3903: 3902: 3844: 3843: 3833: 3832: 3676:Epiphenomenalism 3543:Consequentialism 3477:Institutionalism 3382: 3381: 3371: 3370: 3356: 3349: 3342: 3333: 3332: 3328: 3182: 3175: 3171: 3168: 3162: 3160: 3119: 3095: 3087: 3081: 3073: 3067: 3062: 3056: 3050: 3044: 3035: 3029: 3028: 3026: 3025: 3011: 3002: 3001: 2999: 2998: 2984: 2967: 2966: 2960: 2952: 2946: 2944: 2914: 2880:Tactical victory 2851:Military science 2817:Decisive victory 2801: 2732:Robert L. Holmes 2712:consequentialist 2653:under President 2643:War on Terrorism 2582:Manifest Destiny 2388:(e.g. among the 2328:of Clausewitz's 2196:(as well as his 2155: 2010: 2003: 1996: 1765:Humanitarian aid 1703:Security dilemma 1524:Power projection 1307:Economy of force 1287:Chain of command 1002:Defence in depth 987:Commerce raiding 810:Defeat in detail 146:Defense ministry 50: 41: 40: 31: 19: 18: 6705: 6704: 6700: 6699: 6698: 6696: 6695: 6694: 6675: 6674: 6673: 6663: 6659: 6655: 6645: 6643: 6635: 6633: 6628: 6610: 6517: 6512: 6504: 6496: 6488: 6480: 6472: 6464: 6456: 6448: 6440: 6432: 6424: 6416: 6408: 6400: 6392: 6384: 6376: 6362: 6135: 6128: 6052:Self-discipline 6012:Moral hierarchy 5960:Problem of evil 5905:Double standard 5895:Culture of life 5853: 5782: 5729:Non-cognitivism 5644: 5519: 5461: 5456: 5426: 5421: 5398: 5396: 5375: 5339: 5239: 5201: 5148: 5102: 5101: 5073: 5062:Russian cosmism 5035: 5031:Western Marxism 4996:New Historicism 4961:Critical theory 4947: 4943:Wittgensteinian 4839:Foundationalism 4772: 4709: 4690:Social contract 4546:Foundationalism 4479: 4461: 4445:Illuminationism 4430:Aristotelianism 4416: 4405:Vishishtadvaita 4358: 4310: 4251: 4218: 4089: 4018:Megarian school 4013:Eretrian school 3954: 3915:Agriculturalism 3892: 3838: 3819: 3766: 3738: 3695: 3647: 3604: 3588:Incompatibilism 3557: 3529: 3481: 3453: 3376: 3365: 3360: 3302: 3204:Further reading 3183: 3172: 3166: 3163: 3120: 3118: 3108: 3096: 3085: 3084: 3074: 3070: 3063: 3059: 3051: 3047: 3036: 3032: 3023: 3021: 3013: 3012: 3005: 2996: 2994: 2992:oregonstate.edu 2986: 2985: 2970: 2954: 2953: 2942: 2940: 2938: 2924: 2915: 2911: 2901: 2896: 2870:Pre-emptive war 2827:Just war theory 2798: 2747:Just war theory 2672: 2430: 2367: 2366: 2319:Anatol Rapoport 2316: 2294: 2286: 2277: 2275:Right intention 2269: 2261: 2245:proportionality 2214: 2212:Just War Theory 2190:'s masterpiece 2149: 2116:Napoleonic Wars 2054: 2024:is the area of 2014: 1985: 1984: 1935: 1925: 1924: 1890: 1882: 1881: 1822: 1812: 1811: 1785:Multilateralism 1770:Law enforcement 1730: 1720: 1719: 1688:Just war theory 1646: 1636: 1635: 1586:Geneva Protocol 1556: 1546: 1545: 1519: 1509: 1508: 1450: 1440: 1439: 1347: 1337: 1336: 1277: 1267: 1266: 1232: 1222: 1221: 1152:Network-centric 1072: 1062: 1061: 969: 959: 958: 907: 897: 896: 845:Rapid dominance 750: 740: 739: 695:Electromagnetic 604: 594: 593: 580: 533: 481: 457: 447: 446: 442:Combat training 423: 400: 366:Combat systems: 362: 324: 320:Auxiliary ships 286: 246: 242:Military police 208: 131: 121: 120: 60: 34: 33: 32: 27: 17: 12: 11: 5: 6703: 6693: 6692: 6687: 6672: 6671: 6656: 6654: 6653: 6630: 6629: 6627: 6626: 6615: 6612: 6611: 6609: 6608: 6601: 6596: 6594:Secular ethics 6591: 6589:Rehabilitation 6586: 6581: 6576: 6571: 6566: 6561: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6536: 6531: 6525: 6523: 6519: 6518: 6516: 6515: 6507: 6499: 6491: 6483: 6475: 6467: 6459: 6454:Utilitarianism 6451: 6443: 6435: 6427: 6419: 6411: 6403: 6395: 6387: 6379: 6370: 6368: 6364: 6363: 6361: 6360: 6355: 6350: 6345: 6340: 6335: 6330: 6325: 6320: 6315: 6310: 6305: 6300: 6295: 6290: 6285: 6280: 6275: 6270: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6235: 6230: 6225: 6220: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6195: 6190: 6185: 6180: 6175: 6170: 6165: 6160: 6155: 6150: 6145: 6139: 6137: 6130: 6129: 6127: 6126: 6121: 6116: 6111: 6106: 6105: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5994: 5989: 5984: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5963: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5897: 5892: 5887: 5882: 5877: 5872: 5867: 5861: 5859: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5836: 5831: 5826: 5821: 5816: 5814:Existentialist 5811: 5806: 5801: 5796: 5790: 5788: 5784: 5783: 5781: 5780: 5779: 5778: 5768: 5763: 5758: 5753: 5752: 5751: 5746: 5741: 5736: 5726: 5721: 5716: 5711: 5709:Constructivism 5706: 5705: 5704: 5703: 5702: 5697: 5687: 5686: 5685: 5683:Non-naturalism 5680: 5665: 5660: 5654: 5652: 5646: 5645: 5643: 5642: 5637: 5632: 5627: 5622: 5617: 5612: 5607: 5602: 5597: 5592: 5587: 5582: 5577: 5576: 5575: 5565: 5560: 5555: 5550: 5545: 5540: 5535: 5529: 5527: 5521: 5520: 5518: 5517: 5512: 5510:Utilitarianism 5507: 5502: 5497: 5492: 5487: 5482: 5477: 5471: 5469: 5463: 5462: 5455: 5454: 5447: 5440: 5432: 5423: 5422: 5420: 5419: 5407: 5392: 5389: 5388: 5385: 5384: 5381: 5380: 5377: 5376: 5374: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5358: 5353: 5347: 5345: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5332: 5327: 5322: 5317: 5312: 5307: 5302: 5297: 5292: 5287: 5282: 5277: 5272: 5271: 5270: 5260: 5255: 5249: 5247: 5241: 5240: 5238: 5237: 5232: 5227: 5222: 5217: 5211: 5209: 5207:Middle Eastern 5203: 5202: 5200: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5179: 5174: 5169: 5164: 5158: 5156: 5150: 5149: 5147: 5146: 5141: 5136: 5131: 5125: 5123: 5114: 5104: 5103: 5100: 5099: 5095: 5087: 5086: 5083: 5082: 5079: 5078: 5075: 5074: 5072: 5071: 5064: 5059: 5054: 5049: 5043: 5041: 5037: 5036: 5034: 5033: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4983: 4978: 4973: 4971:Existentialism 4968: 4966:Deconstruction 4963: 4957: 4955: 4949: 4948: 4946: 4945: 4940: 4935: 4930: 4925: 4920: 4915: 4910: 4905: 4900: 4895: 4890: 4885: 4880: 4875: 4870: 4865: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4845: 4836: 4831: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4799:Applied ethics 4795: 4793: 4784: 4778: 4777: 4774: 4773: 4771: 4770: 4765: 4763:Nietzscheanism 4760: 4755: 4750: 4745: 4740: 4735: 4734: 4733: 4723: 4717: 4715: 4711: 4710: 4708: 4707: 4705:Utilitarianism 4702: 4697: 4692: 4687: 4682: 4677: 4672: 4667: 4662: 4657: 4652: 4647: 4642: 4637: 4632: 4627: 4622: 4617: 4612: 4607: 4606: 4605: 4603:Transcendental 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4570: 4569: 4568: 4558: 4553: 4548: 4543: 4541:Existentialism 4538: 4533: 4528: 4523: 4518: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4497: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4477: 4471: 4469: 4463: 4462: 4460: 4459: 4454: 4447: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4426: 4424: 4418: 4417: 4415: 4414: 4409: 4408: 4407: 4402: 4397: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4377: 4366: 4364: 4360: 4359: 4357: 4356: 4351: 4346: 4341: 4336: 4331: 4329:Augustinianism 4326: 4320: 4318: 4312: 4311: 4309: 4308: 4303: 4298: 4293: 4288: 4283: 4278: 4272: 4270: 4263: 4257: 4256: 4253: 4252: 4250: 4249: 4244: 4242:Zoroastrianism 4239: 4234: 4228: 4226: 4220: 4219: 4217: 4216: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4204: 4199: 4194: 4189: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4164: 4163: 4162: 4157: 4147: 4146: 4145: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4099: 4097: 4091: 4090: 4088: 4087: 4085:Church Fathers 4082: 4077: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4056: 4055: 4050: 4045: 4040: 4030: 4025: 4020: 4015: 4010: 4005: 4000: 3999: 3998: 3993: 3988: 3983: 3978: 3967: 3965: 3956: 3955: 3953: 3952: 3947: 3942: 3937: 3932: 3927: 3922: 3917: 3911: 3909: 3900: 3894: 3893: 3891: 3890: 3889: 3888: 3883: 3878: 3873: 3868: 3858: 3852: 3850: 3840: 3839: 3829: 3828: 3825: 3824: 3821: 3820: 3818: 3817: 3812: 3807: 3802: 3797: 3792: 3787: 3782: 3776: 3774: 3768: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3748: 3746: 3740: 3739: 3737: 3736: 3731: 3726: 3721: 3716: 3711: 3705: 3703: 3697: 3696: 3694: 3693: 3688: 3683: 3678: 3673: 3668: 3663: 3657: 3655: 3649: 3648: 3646: 3645: 3640: 3635: 3630: 3625: 3620: 3614: 3612: 3606: 3605: 3603: 3602: 3600:Libertarianism 3597: 3596: 3595: 3585: 3584: 3583: 3573: 3567: 3565: 3559: 3558: 3556: 3555: 3550: 3545: 3539: 3537: 3531: 3530: 3528: 3527: 3522: 3517: 3512: 3507: 3502: 3497: 3491: 3489: 3483: 3482: 3480: 3479: 3474: 3469: 3463: 3461: 3455: 3454: 3452: 3451: 3446: 3441: 3436: 3431: 3426: 3421: 3416: 3411: 3406: 3404:Metaphilosophy 3401: 3396: 3390: 3388: 3378: 3377: 3367: 3366: 3359: 3358: 3351: 3344: 3336: 3330: 3329: 3314: 3301: 3300:External links 3298: 3297: 3296: 3275: 3263: 3233: 3201: 3200: 3185: 3184: 3099: 3097: 3090: 3083: 3082: 3068: 3057: 3045: 3030: 3003: 2968: 2936: 2908: 2907: 2900: 2897: 2893: 2892: 2888: 2887: 2882: 2877: 2872: 2867: 2860: 2859: 2858: 2853: 2848: 2843: 2838: 2831: 2830: 2829: 2824: 2819: 2814: 2809: 2799: 2797: 2794: 2793: 2792: 2758:, such as the 2743: 2703: 2671: 2668: 2667: 2666: 2655:George W. Bush 2609: 2608: 2597: 2532:concept of an 2501:Eschatological 2497: 2347:metaphorically 2343: 2334:eschatological 2315: 2312: 2299:Existentialism 2293: 2290: 2285: 2282: 2276: 2273: 2268: 2265: 2260: 2259:Just authority 2257: 2213: 2210: 2205:The Art of War 2183:The Art of War 2169:The Art of War 2126:" (1908) and " 2100:'s 1869 novel 2053: 2050: 2016: 2015: 2013: 2012: 2005: 1998: 1990: 1987: 1986: 1983: 1982: 1977: 1972: 1967: 1962: 1957: 1952: 1950:Military terms 1947: 1942: 1936: 1931: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1923: 1922: 1917: 1912: 1907: 1902: 1897: 1891: 1888: 1887: 1884: 1883: 1880: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1823: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1813: 1810: 1809: 1804: 1803: 1802: 1797: 1787: 1782: 1777: 1772: 1767: 1762: 1757: 1752: 1747: 1742: 1737: 1731: 1726: 1725: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1717: 1712: 1711: 1710: 1708:Tripwire force 1700: 1695: 1690: 1685: 1678: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1658: 1653: 1647: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1637: 1634: 1633: 1628: 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1573: 1568: 1563: 1557: 1552: 1551: 1548: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1542: 1541: 1531: 1526: 1520: 1515: 1514: 1511: 1510: 1507: 1506: 1505: 1504: 1499: 1494: 1484: 1479: 1478: 1477: 1472: 1462: 1457: 1451: 1446: 1445: 1442: 1441: 1438: 1437: 1428: 1423: 1422: 1421: 1411: 1406: 1401: 1396: 1391: 1386: 1381: 1376: 1371: 1366: 1361: 1360: 1359: 1348: 1343: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1335: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1278: 1273: 1272: 1269: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1259: 1254: 1249: 1244: 1239: 1233: 1230:Administrative 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1214: 1209: 1204: 1199: 1194: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1174: 1169: 1164: 1159: 1157:New generation 1154: 1149: 1144: 1139: 1134: 1132:Fleet in being 1129: 1124: 1119: 1114: 1109: 1104: 1099: 1094: 1089: 1084: 1079: 1073: 1070:Grand strategy 1068: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1060: 1059: 1057:Scorched earth 1054: 1049: 1044: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 970: 965: 964: 961: 960: 957: 956: 951: 946: 941: 936: 934:Deep operation 931: 926: 919: 914: 908: 903: 902: 899: 898: 895: 894: 889: 884: 879: 874: 869: 864: 863: 862: 852: 847: 842: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 782: 781: 780: 775: 770: 760: 751: 746: 745: 742: 741: 738: 737: 735:Unconventional 732: 727: 722: 717: 712: 707: 702: 697: 692: 683: 681:Disinformation 678: 673: 668: 663: 658: 653: 652: 651: 646: 636: 631: 626: 621: 616: 611: 605: 600: 599: 596: 595: 592: 591: 586: 579: 578: 577: 576: 575: 574: 564: 559: 554: 549: 544: 532: 531: 530: 529: 528: 527: 517: 512: 507: 502: 497: 492: 480: 479: 478: 477: 472: 467: 458: 453: 452: 449: 448: 445: 444: 439: 434: 432:Basic training 429: 422: 421: 416: 411: 406: 399: 398: 393: 388: 383: 378: 373: 368: 361: 360: 358:Reconnaissance 355: 350: 345: 340: 335: 330: 323: 322: 317: 312: 307: 302: 297: 292: 285: 284: 279: 277:Special forces 274: 269: 268: 267: 257: 252: 245: 244: 239: 234: 232:Reconnaissance 229: 224: 219: 214: 207: 206: 197: 192: 183: 178: 173: 168: 163: 158: 153: 148: 143: 138: 132: 127: 126: 123: 122: 119: 118: 117: 116: 111: 101: 100: 99: 94: 84: 83: 82: 75:Post-classical 72: 67: 61: 56: 55: 52: 51: 43: 42: 24: 23: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 6702: 6691: 6688: 6686: 6683: 6682: 6680: 6669: 6667: 6661: 6657: 6652: 6642: 6641: 6638: 6625: 6617: 6616: 6613: 6607: 6606: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6570: 6567: 6565: 6562: 6560: 6557: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6535: 6532: 6530: 6527: 6526: 6524: 6520: 6511: 6508: 6503: 6500: 6495: 6492: 6487: 6484: 6479: 6476: 6471: 6468: 6463: 6460: 6455: 6452: 6447: 6444: 6439: 6436: 6431: 6428: 6423: 6420: 6415: 6412: 6407: 6404: 6399: 6396: 6391: 6388: 6383: 6380: 6375: 6372: 6371: 6369: 6365: 6359: 6356: 6354: 6351: 6349: 6346: 6344: 6341: 6339: 6336: 6334: 6331: 6329: 6326: 6324: 6321: 6319: 6316: 6314: 6311: 6309: 6306: 6304: 6301: 6299: 6296: 6294: 6291: 6289: 6286: 6284: 6281: 6279: 6276: 6274: 6271: 6269: 6266: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6229: 6226: 6224: 6221: 6219: 6216: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6194: 6191: 6189: 6186: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6176: 6174: 6171: 6169: 6166: 6164: 6161: 6159: 6156: 6154: 6151: 6149: 6146: 6144: 6141: 6140: 6138: 6136: 6131: 6125: 6122: 6120: 6117: 6115: 6112: 6110: 6107: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6089: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6030: 6028: 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6007:Moral courage 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5993: 5990: 5988: 5985: 5983: 5980: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5947: 5946: 5945:Good and evil 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5930:Family values 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5886: 5883: 5881: 5878: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5862: 5860: 5856: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5835: 5832: 5830: 5827: 5825: 5822: 5820: 5817: 5815: 5812: 5810: 5807: 5805: 5802: 5800: 5797: 5795: 5792: 5791: 5789: 5785: 5777: 5774: 5773: 5772: 5769: 5767: 5764: 5762: 5759: 5757: 5754: 5750: 5747: 5745: 5744:Quasi-realism 5742: 5740: 5737: 5735: 5732: 5731: 5730: 5727: 5725: 5722: 5720: 5717: 5715: 5712: 5710: 5707: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5692: 5691: 5688: 5684: 5681: 5679: 5676: 5675: 5674: 5671: 5670: 5669: 5666: 5664: 5661: 5659: 5656: 5655: 5653: 5651: 5647: 5641: 5638: 5636: 5633: 5631: 5628: 5626: 5623: 5621: 5618: 5616: 5613: 5611: 5608: 5606: 5603: 5601: 5598: 5596: 5593: 5591: 5588: 5586: 5583: 5581: 5578: 5574: 5571: 5570: 5569: 5568:Environmental 5566: 5564: 5561: 5559: 5556: 5554: 5551: 5549: 5546: 5544: 5541: 5539: 5536: 5534: 5531: 5530: 5528: 5526: 5522: 5516: 5513: 5511: 5508: 5506: 5503: 5501: 5498: 5496: 5493: 5491: 5490:Particularism 5488: 5486: 5483: 5481: 5478: 5476: 5473: 5472: 5470: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5453: 5448: 5446: 5441: 5439: 5434: 5433: 5430: 5418: 5417: 5408: 5406: 5405: 5394: 5393: 5390: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5357: 5354: 5352: 5349: 5348: 5346: 5344:Miscellaneous 5342: 5336: 5333: 5331: 5328: 5326: 5323: 5321: 5318: 5316: 5313: 5311: 5308: 5306: 5303: 5301: 5298: 5296: 5293: 5291: 5288: 5286: 5283: 5281: 5278: 5276: 5273: 5269: 5266: 5265: 5264: 5261: 5259: 5256: 5254: 5251: 5250: 5248: 5246: 5242: 5236: 5233: 5231: 5228: 5226: 5223: 5221: 5218: 5216: 5213: 5212: 5210: 5208: 5204: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5178: 5175: 5173: 5170: 5168: 5165: 5163: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5151: 5145: 5142: 5140: 5137: 5135: 5132: 5130: 5127: 5126: 5124: 5122: 5118: 5115: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5097: 5096: 5092: 5088: 5070: 5069: 5065: 5063: 5060: 5058: 5055: 5053: 5050: 5048: 5045: 5044: 5042: 5040:Miscellaneous 5038: 5032: 5029: 5027: 5026:Structuralism 5024: 5022: 5019: 5017: 5014: 5012: 5011:Postmodernism 5009: 5007: 5004: 5002: 5001:Phenomenology 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4987: 4984: 4982: 4979: 4977: 4974: 4972: 4969: 4967: 4964: 4962: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4954: 4950: 4944: 4941: 4939: 4938:Vienna Circle 4936: 4934: 4931: 4929: 4926: 4924: 4921: 4919: 4916: 4914: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4904: 4901: 4899: 4896: 4894: 4891: 4889: 4886: 4884: 4881: 4879: 4876: 4874: 4871: 4869: 4868:Moral realism 4866: 4864: 4861: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4849: 4846: 4844: 4840: 4837: 4835: 4832: 4830: 4827: 4825: 4822: 4820: 4817: 4815: 4812: 4810: 4807: 4805: 4802: 4800: 4797: 4796: 4794: 4792: 4788: 4785: 4783: 4779: 4769: 4766: 4764: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4754: 4751: 4749: 4746: 4744: 4741: 4739: 4736: 4732: 4729: 4728: 4727: 4724: 4722: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4712: 4706: 4703: 4701: 4698: 4696: 4693: 4691: 4688: 4686: 4683: 4681: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4671: 4670:Phenomenology 4668: 4666: 4663: 4661: 4658: 4656: 4653: 4651: 4648: 4646: 4643: 4641: 4638: 4636: 4633: 4631: 4628: 4626: 4623: 4621: 4618: 4616: 4613: 4611: 4610:Individualism 4608: 4604: 4601: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4589: 4586: 4584: 4581: 4579: 4576: 4575: 4574: 4571: 4567: 4564: 4563: 4562: 4559: 4557: 4554: 4552: 4549: 4547: 4544: 4542: 4539: 4537: 4534: 4532: 4529: 4527: 4524: 4522: 4519: 4517: 4514: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4498: 4495: 4492: 4490: 4486: 4476: 4475:Judeo-Islamic 4473: 4472: 4470: 4468: 4464: 4458: 4455: 4453: 4452: 4451:ʿIlm al-Kalām 4448: 4446: 4443: 4441: 4438: 4436: 4433: 4431: 4428: 4427: 4425: 4423: 4419: 4413: 4410: 4406: 4403: 4401: 4400:Shuddhadvaita 4398: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4386: 4383: 4381: 4378: 4376: 4373: 4372: 4371: 4368: 4367: 4365: 4361: 4355: 4352: 4350: 4347: 4345: 4342: 4340: 4337: 4335: 4334:Scholasticism 4332: 4330: 4327: 4325: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4313: 4307: 4304: 4302: 4299: 4297: 4294: 4292: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4277: 4274: 4273: 4271: 4267: 4264: 4262: 4258: 4248: 4245: 4243: 4240: 4238: 4235: 4233: 4230: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4221: 4213: 4210: 4208: 4205: 4203: 4200: 4198: 4195: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4185: 4183: 4180: 4178: 4175: 4173: 4170: 4169: 4168: 4165: 4161: 4158: 4156: 4153: 4152: 4151: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4139: 4136: 4134: 4131: 4129: 4126: 4124: 4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4105: 4104: 4101: 4100: 4098: 4096: 4092: 4086: 4083: 4081: 4078: 4076: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4054: 4051: 4049: 4046: 4044: 4041: 4039: 4036: 4035: 4034: 4031: 4029: 4026: 4024: 4021: 4019: 4016: 4014: 4011: 4009: 4006: 4004: 4001: 3997: 3994: 3992: 3989: 3987: 3984: 3982: 3979: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3972: 3969: 3968: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3957: 3951: 3948: 3946: 3943: 3941: 3938: 3936: 3933: 3931: 3928: 3926: 3923: 3921: 3918: 3916: 3913: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3904: 3901: 3899: 3895: 3887: 3884: 3882: 3879: 3877: 3874: 3872: 3869: 3867: 3864: 3863: 3862: 3859: 3857: 3854: 3853: 3851: 3849: 3845: 3841: 3834: 3830: 3816: 3813: 3811: 3808: 3806: 3803: 3801: 3798: 3796: 3793: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3785:Conceptualism 3783: 3781: 3778: 3777: 3775: 3773: 3769: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3749: 3747: 3745: 3741: 3735: 3732: 3730: 3727: 3725: 3722: 3720: 3717: 3715: 3714:Particularism 3712: 3710: 3707: 3706: 3704: 3702: 3698: 3692: 3689: 3687: 3684: 3682: 3681:Functionalism 3679: 3677: 3674: 3672: 3669: 3667: 3666:Eliminativism 3664: 3662: 3659: 3658: 3656: 3654: 3650: 3644: 3641: 3639: 3636: 3634: 3631: 3629: 3626: 3624: 3621: 3619: 3616: 3615: 3613: 3611: 3607: 3601: 3598: 3594: 3591: 3590: 3589: 3586: 3582: 3579: 3578: 3577: 3574: 3572: 3571:Compatibilism 3569: 3568: 3566: 3564: 3560: 3554: 3551: 3549: 3546: 3544: 3541: 3540: 3538: 3536: 3532: 3526: 3523: 3521: 3518: 3516: 3513: 3511: 3510:Particularism 3508: 3506: 3503: 3501: 3498: 3496: 3493: 3492: 3490: 3488: 3484: 3478: 3475: 3473: 3470: 3468: 3465: 3464: 3462: 3460: 3456: 3450: 3447: 3445: 3442: 3440: 3437: 3435: 3432: 3430: 3427: 3425: 3422: 3420: 3417: 3415: 3412: 3410: 3407: 3405: 3402: 3400: 3397: 3395: 3392: 3391: 3389: 3387: 3383: 3379: 3372: 3368: 3364: 3357: 3352: 3350: 3345: 3343: 3338: 3337: 3334: 3326: 3325: 3320: 3315: 3313: 3312: 3307: 3304: 3303: 3293: 3289: 3285: 3284: 3279: 3276: 3273: 3271: 3267: 3264: 3261: 3257: 3256:0-911274-90-1 3253: 3250:, ed. 1918), 3249: 3245: 3241: 3237: 3234: 3231: 3228:derived from 3227: 3223: 3219: 3217: 3216: 3211: 3208: 3207: 3206: 3205: 3198: 3194: 3193: 3192: 3191: 3181: 3178: 3170: 3159: 3156: 3152: 3149: 3145: 3142: 3138: 3135: 3131: 3128: –  3127: 3123: 3122:Find sources: 3116: 3112: 3106: 3105: 3100:This article 3098: 3094: 3089: 3088: 3080: 3078: 3072: 3066: 3061: 3055: 3049: 3043: 3041: 3034: 3020: 3016: 3010: 3008: 2993: 2989: 2983: 2981: 2979: 2977: 2975: 2973: 2964: 2958: 2951: 2939: 2937:9785458055901 2933: 2929: 2925: 2921: 2913: 2909: 2906: 2905: 2891: 2886: 2883: 2881: 2878: 2876: 2873: 2871: 2868: 2866: 2863: 2862: 2861: 2857: 2854: 2852: 2849: 2847: 2844: 2842: 2839: 2837: 2834: 2833: 2832: 2828: 2825: 2823: 2820: 2818: 2815: 2813: 2812:Aggressionism 2810: 2808: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2802: 2790: 2786: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2753: 2749: 2748: 2744: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2716:deontological 2713: 2709: 2708: 2704: 2701: 2697: 2692: 2688: 2684: 2681: 2680: 2679: 2677: 2664: 2660: 2656: 2652: 2651:United States 2649:begun by the 2648: 2644: 2640: 2636: 2632: 2628: 2627: 2625: 2623: 2619: 2615: 2606: 2602: 2598: 2595: 2591: 2587: 2583: 2579: 2576:concept of a 2575: 2571: 2567: 2563: 2559: 2555: 2551: 2547: 2543: 2539: 2538:second coming 2535: 2531: 2527: 2523: 2519: 2516:concept of a 2515: 2511: 2507: 2502: 2498: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2486:Old Testament 2483: 2479: 2475: 2471: 2467: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2451: 2447: 2446: 2445:War and Peace 2441: 2437: 2433: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2423: 2419: 2415: 2411: 2407: 2403: 2399: 2395: 2391: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2364: 2360: 2356: 2352: 2348: 2341: 2339: 2335: 2331: 2327: 2324: 2320: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2300: 2289: 2281: 2272: 2264: 2256: 2254: 2250: 2246: 2242: 2240: 2235: 2234: 2233:dharma-yuddha 2229: 2225: 2222: 2219: 2209: 2207: 2206: 2201: 2200: 2195: 2194: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2179: 2175: 2171: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2159: 2153: 2148: 2143: 2141: 2137: 2133: 2129: 2125: 2121: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2105: 2104: 2103:War and Peace 2099: 2095: 2093: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2080: 2075: 2071: 2063: 2058: 2049: 2047: 2043: 2039: 2035: 2031: 2027: 2023: 2011: 2006: 2004: 1999: 1997: 1992: 1991: 1989: 1988: 1981: 1978: 1976: 1973: 1971: 1968: 1966: 1963: 1961: 1958: 1956: 1953: 1951: 1948: 1946: 1943: 1941: 1938: 1937: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1921: 1918: 1916: 1913: 1911: 1908: 1906: 1903: 1901: 1898: 1896: 1893: 1892: 1886: 1885: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1837:Warrior caste 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1824: 1821: 1816: 1815: 1808: 1807:Show of force 1805: 1801: 1798: 1796: 1795:Peacebuilding 1793: 1792: 1791: 1788: 1786: 1783: 1781: 1778: 1776: 1773: 1771: 1768: 1766: 1763: 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1751: 1748: 1746: 1743: 1741: 1738: 1736: 1733: 1732: 1729: 1724: 1723: 1716: 1713: 1709: 1706: 1705: 1704: 1701: 1699: 1696: 1694: 1691: 1689: 1686: 1684: 1683: 1679: 1677: 1674: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1659: 1657: 1654: 1652: 1651:Air supremacy 1649: 1648: 1645: 1640: 1639: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1591:Islamic rules 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1572: 1571:Court-martial 1569: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1555: 1550: 1549: 1540: 1537: 1536: 1535: 1532: 1530: 1527: 1525: 1522: 1521: 1518: 1513: 1512: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1493: 1490: 1489: 1488: 1485: 1483: 1480: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1470:Arms industry 1468: 1467: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1452: 1449: 1444: 1443: 1436: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1420: 1417: 1416: 1415: 1412: 1410: 1407: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1395: 1392: 1390: 1387: 1385: 1382: 1380: 1377: 1375: 1372: 1370: 1367: 1365: 1362: 1358: 1355: 1354: 1353: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1341: 1340: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1279: 1276: 1271: 1270: 1263: 1260: 1258: 1255: 1253: 1250: 1248: 1245: 1243: 1240: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1226: 1225: 1218: 1215: 1213: 1210: 1208: 1205: 1203: 1200: 1198: 1195: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1163: 1160: 1158: 1155: 1153: 1150: 1148: 1145: 1143: 1140: 1138: 1135: 1133: 1130: 1128: 1125: 1123: 1120: 1118: 1115: 1113: 1110: 1108: 1105: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1095: 1093: 1090: 1088: 1087:Broken-backed 1085: 1083: 1080: 1078: 1075: 1074: 1071: 1066: 1065: 1058: 1055: 1053: 1050: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 993: 990: 988: 985: 983: 980: 978: 975: 974: 973: 968: 963: 962: 955: 952: 950: 947: 945: 942: 940: 937: 935: 932: 930: 929:Expeditionary 927: 925: 924: 920: 918: 915: 913: 910: 909: 906: 901: 900: 893: 890: 888: 885: 883: 880: 878: 875: 873: 870: 868: 865: 861: 858: 857: 856: 853: 851: 848: 846: 843: 841: 838: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 800:Counterattack 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 779: 776: 774: 771: 769: 766: 765: 764: 761: 759: 756: 755: 754: 749: 744: 743: 736: 733: 731: 728: 726: 725:Psychological 723: 721: 718: 716: 713: 711: 708: 706: 703: 701: 698: 696: 693: 691: 687: 684: 682: 679: 677: 674: 672: 669: 667: 664: 662: 661:Combined arms 659: 657: 654: 650: 647: 645: 642: 641: 640: 637: 635: 632: 630: 627: 625: 622: 620: 617: 615: 612: 610: 607: 606: 603: 598: 597: 590: 587: 585: 582: 581: 573: 570: 569: 568: 565: 563: 560: 558: 555: 553: 550: 548: 545: 543: 540: 539: 538: 535: 534: 526: 523: 522: 521: 518: 516: 513: 511: 508: 506: 503: 501: 500:Fortification 498: 496: 493: 491: 488: 487: 486: 483: 482: 476: 473: 471: 468: 466: 463: 462: 460: 459: 456: 451: 450: 443: 440: 438: 435: 433: 430: 428: 425: 424: 420: 417: 415: 412: 410: 407: 405: 402: 401: 397: 394: 392: 389: 387: 384: 382: 379: 377: 374: 372: 369: 367: 364: 363: 359: 356: 354: 351: 349: 346: 344: 341: 339: 336: 334: 331: 329: 326: 325: 321: 318: 316: 315:Landing craft 313: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 296: 293: 291: 288: 287: 283: 280: 278: 275: 273: 270: 266: 263: 262: 261: 258: 256: 253: 251: 248: 247: 243: 240: 238: 235: 233: 230: 228: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 213: 210: 209: 205: 201: 200:Standing army 198: 196: 193: 191: 187: 184: 182: 179: 177: 174: 172: 169: 167: 164: 162: 159: 157: 154: 152: 149: 147: 144: 142: 139: 137: 134: 133: 130: 125: 124: 115: 112: 110: 107: 106: 105: 102: 98: 95: 93: 92:pike and shot 90: 89: 88: 85: 81: 78: 77: 76: 73: 71: 68: 66: 63: 62: 59: 54: 53: 49: 45: 44: 38: 30: 26: 25: 21: 20: 6665: 6660: 6603: 6559:Human rights 6502:After Virtue 6228:Schopenhauer 6002:Moral agency 5875:Common sense 5771:Universalism 5739:Expressivism 5719:Intuitionism 5690:Subjectivism 5635:Terraforming 5610:Professional 5409: 5395: 5066: 5057:Postcritique 5047:Kyoto School 5006:Posthumanism 4986:Hermeneutics 4841: / 4782:Contemporary 4758:Newtonianism 4721:Cartesianism 4680:Reductionism 4516:Conservatism 4511:Collectivism 4449: 4177:Sarvāstivadā 4155:Anekantavada 4080:Neoplatonism 4048:Epicureanism 3981:Pythagoreans 3920:Confucianism 3886:Contemporary 3876:Early modern 3780:Anti-realism 3734:Universalism 3691:Subjectivism 3487:Epistemology 3322: 3309: 3281: 3269: 3247: 3239: 3236:Heindel, Max 3215:Arthashastra 3213: 3203: 3202: 3196: 3190:Bibliography 3189: 3188: 3173: 3167:January 2021 3164: 3154: 3147: 3140: 3133: 3121: 3109:Please help 3104:verification 3101: 3076: 3071: 3060: 3048: 3039: 3033: 3022:. Retrieved 3018: 2995:. Retrieved 2991: 2948: 2941:. Retrieved 2927: 2919: 2912: 2903: 2902: 2889: 2807:Absolute war 2785:human rights 2780:Hugo Grotius 2751: 2745: 2705: 2690: 2682: 2673: 2638: 2611: 2600: 2585: 2549: 2500: 2493: 2468:of war as a 2454:ethnocentric 2443: 2435: 2425: 2412:(e.g. among 2344: 2337: 2329: 2323:J. J. Graham 2317: 2307: 2295: 2287: 2278: 2270: 2262: 2252: 2248: 2244: 2237: 2231: 2215: 2204: 2198: 2191: 2181: 2167: 2162: 2147:Genrikh Leer 2144: 2142:philosophy. 2112:Christianity 2108:metaphysical 2101: 2096: 2084:human nature 2077: 2067: 2021: 2019: 1920:Fifth column 1900:War resister 1895:Women in war 1790:Peacekeeping 1735:Arms control 1697: 1680: 1369:Mobilization 1364:Conscription 1322:Intelligence 1275:Organization 921: 850:Encirclement 730:Radiological 666:Conventional 520:Subterranean 427:Development: 426: 403: 365: 327: 290:Naval units: 289: 282:Signal corps 249: 227:Intelligence 212:Specialties: 211: 136:Organization 87:Early modern 6377:(c. 322 BC) 6243:Kierkegaard 6062:Stewardship 5839:Rousseauian 5756:Rationalism 5668:Cognitivism 5615:Programming 5590:Meat eating 5563:Engineering 5052:Objectivism 4991:Neo-Marxism 4953:Continental 4863:Meta-ethics 4843:Coherentism 4748:Hegelianism 4685:Rationalism 4645:Natural law 4625:Materialism 4551:Historicism 4521:Determinism 4412:Navya-Nyāya 4187:Sautrāntika 4182:Pudgalavada 4118:Vaisheshika 3971:Presocratic 3871:Renaissance 3810:Physicalism 3795:Materialism 3701:Normativity 3686:Objectivism 3671:Emergentism 3661:Behaviorism 3610:Metaphysics 3576:Determinism 3515:Rationalism 3278:Rawls, John 2943:5 September 2885:War studies 2736:nuclear war 2691:individuals 2631:Vietnam War 2578:Master Race 2522:proletariat 2440:Leo Tolstoy 2436:Cataclysmic 2420:, and as a 2326:translation 2308:exclusively 2303:Objectivism 2284:Last resort 2228:Mahabharata 2174:competition 2150: [ 2098:Leo Tolstoy 1905:War studies 1728:Non-warfare 1656:Appeasement 1621:Martial law 1460:War economy 1399:Transgender 1352:Recruitment 1112:Containment 997:Culminating 905:Operational 825:Envelopment 768:Air assault 649:Air cavalry 609:Air defence 589:Information 490:Cold-region 455:Battlespace 404:Historical: 250:Land units: 176:Space force 171:Coast guard 104:Late modern 65:Prehistoric 6679:Categories 6651:Philosophy 6273:Bonhoeffer 5982:Immorality 5925:Eudaimonia 5885:Conscience 5880:Compassion 5766:Skepticism 5761:Relativism 5678:Naturalism 5658:Absolutism 5630:Technology 5480:Deontology 5351:Amerindian 5258:Australian 5197:Vietnamese 5177:Indonesian 4726:Kantianism 4675:Positivism 4665:Pragmatism 4640:Naturalism 4620:Liberalism 4598:Subjective 4536:Empiricism 4440:Avicennism 4385:Bhedabheda 4269:East Asian 4192:Madhyamaka 4172:Abhidharma 4038:Pyrrhonism 3805:Nominalism 3800:Naturalism 3729:Skepticism 3719:Relativism 3709:Absolutism 3638:Naturalism 3548:Deontology 3520:Skepticism 3505:Naturalism 3495:Empiricism 3459:Aesthetics 3363:Philosophy 3232:scripture. 3137:newspapers 3024:2018-04-19 2997:2018-04-19 2899:References 2841:Militarism 2789:John Rawls 2724:diplomatic 2696:Thucydides 2633:and other 2622:instrument 2534:Armageddon 2526:revolution 2478:Israelites 2470:punishment 2398:death wish 2345:To put it 2267:Just cause 2253:just cause 2249:just means 2199:Discourses 2193:The Prince 2178:management 2138:-centered 2072:of war is 2070:philosophy 2026:philosophy 1965:War crimes 1955:Operations 1862:Foot drill 1832:Battle cry 1745:deterrence 1404:Harassment 1379:Specialism 1202:Technology 1197:Succession 1142:Liberation 1077:Asymmetric 1012:Empty fort 923:Blitzkrieg 892:Withdrawal 855:Investment 634:Camouflage 629:Biological 567:Underwater 542:Amphibious 461:Aerospace 328:Air units: 305:Submarines 114:fourth-gen 109:industrial 97:napoleonic 6534:Casuistry 6446:Either/Or 6353:Korsgaard 6348:Azurmendi 6313:MacIntyre 6253:Nietzsche 6183:Augustine 6178:Confucius 6158:Aristotle 6134:Ethicists 6092:Intrinsic 6057:Suffering 5967:Happiness 5940:Free will 5920:Etiquette 5865:Authority 5809:Epicurean 5804:Confucian 5799:Christian 5734:Emotivism 5558:Discourse 5495:Pragmatic 5467:Normative 5230:Pakistani 5192:Taiwanese 5139:Ethiopian 5112:By region 5098:By region 4913:Scientism 4908:Systemics 4768:Spinozism 4695:Socialism 4630:Modernism 4593:Objective 4501:Anarchism 4435:Averroism 4324:Christian 4276:Neotaoism 4247:Zurvanism 4237:Mithraism 4232:Mazdakism 4003:Cyrenaics 3930:Logicians 3563:Free will 3525:Solipsism 3472:Formalism 3226:sacrifice 2957:cite book 2772:Augustine 2764:Aristotle 2740:terrorism 2601:Political 2554:messianic 2530:Christian 2518:communist 2504:either a 2490:free will 2458:ethnicity 2410:absurdity 2394:instincts 2370:adventure 2165:Sun Tzu's 2120:Christian 2088:teleology 1852:War novel 1755:Grey-zone 1715:War games 1676:Overmatch 1626:War crime 1576:Desertion 1566:Ceasefire 1561:Armistice 1448:Logistics 1426:Mercenary 1414:Volunteer 1345:Personnel 1317:Engineers 1262:Sociology 1217:World war 1212:Total war 1192:Strategic 1182:Religious 1167:Political 1162:Perpetual 1137:Irregular 1052:Offensive 1027:Defensive 1022:Deception 982:Attrition 835:Guerrilla 830:Formation 773:Airbridge 705:Loitering 619:Artillery 272:Artillery 222:Engineers 190:Irregular 161:Air force 6624:Category 6564:Ideology 6529:Axiology 6358:Nussbaum 6308:Frankena 6303:Anscombe 6293:Williams 6248:Sidgwick 6168:Valluvar 6163:Diogenes 6148:Socrates 6072:Theodicy 6067:Sympathy 6032:Pacifism 6022:Morality 5935:Fidelity 5915:Equality 5870:Autonomy 5858:Concepts 5819:Feminist 5794:Buddhist 5724:Nihilism 5663:Axiology 5620:Research 5553:Computer 5548:Business 5416:Category 5371:Yugoslav 5361:Romanian 5268:Scottish 5253:American 5182:Japanese 5162:Buddhist 5144:Africana 5134:Egyptian 4976:Feminist 4898:Rawlsian 4893:Quietism 4791:Analytic 4743:Krausism 4650:Nihilism 4615:Kokugaku 4578:Absolute 4573:Idealism 4561:Humanism 4349:Occamism 4316:European 4261:Medieval 4207:Yogacara 4167:Buddhist 4160:Syādvāda 4043:Stoicism 4008:Cynicism 3996:Sophists 3991:Atomists 3986:Eleatics 3925:Legalism 3866:Medieval 3790:Idealism 3744:Ontology 3724:Nihilism 3628:Idealism 3386:Branches 3375:Branches 3210:Chanakya 2796:See also 2730:such as 2707:Pacifism 2683:Realists 2647:Iraq War 2645:and the 2635:Cold War 2618:rational 2566:Crusades 2510:dystopia 2408:, as an 2386:ceremony 2384:), as a 2382:chivalry 2374:nobleman 2363:epidemic 2239:Pandavas 2136:Hinduism 2092:politics 2044:and the 1867:War song 1842:War film 1475:Materiel 1394:Children 1374:Training 1312:Medicine 1297:Doctrine 1252:Training 1187:Resource 1172:Princely 1122:Economic 1107:Conquest 1102:Colonial 1097:Cold war 1082:Blockade 967:Strategy 939:Maneuver 700:Infantry 656:Chemical 510:Mountain 470:Airborne 333:Fighters 300:Warships 255:Infantry 181:Reserves 129:Military 6522:Related 6268:Tillich 6233:Bentham 6208:Spinoza 6203:Aquinas 6188:Mencius 6102:Western 6077:Torture 6042:Precept 5997:Loyalty 5992:Liberty 5987:Justice 5900:Dignity 5890:Consent 5834:Kantian 5824:Islamic 5787:Schools 5673:Realism 5605:Nursing 5600:Medical 5585:Machine 5525:Applied 5366:Russian 5335:Spanish 5330:Slovene 5320:Maltese 5315:Italian 5295:Finland 5263:British 5245:Western 5235:Turkish 5220:Islamic 5215:Iranian 5167:Chinese 5154:Eastern 5121:African 5068:more... 4753:Marxism 4583:British 4526:Dualism 4422:Islamic 4380:Advaita 4370:Vedanta 4344:Scotism 4339:Thomism 4281:Tiantai 4224:Persian 4212:Tibetan 4202:Śūnyatā 4143:Cārvāka 4133:Ājīvika 4128:Mīmāṃsā 4108:Samkhya 4023:Academy 3976:Ionians 3950:Yangism 3907:Chinese 3898:Ancient 3861:Western 3856:Ancient 3815:Realism 3772:Reality 3762:Process 3643:Realism 3623:Dualism 3618:Atomism 3500:Fideism 3151:scholar 2776:Aquinas 2558:Messiah 2514:Marxist 2476:on the 2466:Judaism 2450:society 2418:slavery 2414:Eskimos 2158:nations 1980:Writers 1975:Weapons 1940:Battles 1889:Related 1877:Wargame 1872:Uniform 1820:Culture 1601:Perfidy 1596:Justice 1517:Science 1502:Outpost 1455:History 1435:Warrior 1431:Soldier 1419:foreign 1357:counter 1257:Service 1207:Theater 1147:Limited 1127:Endemic 1042:Nuclear 815:Foxhole 790:Cavalry 778:Airdrop 763:Airlift 748:Tactics 720:Nuclear 710:Missile 639:Cavalry 624:Barrage 602:Weapons 562:Surface 343:Command 338:Bombers 295:Frogman 265:Cavalry 237:Medical 204:Militia 186:Regular 166:Marines 80:castles 70:Ancient 58:History 37:outline 6637:Portal 6513:(1984) 6505:(1981) 6497:(1979) 6489:(1971) 6481:(1903) 6473:(1887) 6465:(1874) 6457:(1861) 6449:(1843) 6441:(1820) 6433:(1788) 6425:(1785) 6417:(1780) 6409:(1759) 6401:(1740) 6393:(1726) 6385:(1677) 6343:Taylor 6328:Parfit 6323:Singer 6298:Mackie 6173:Cicero 6114:Virtue 6047:Rights 5972:Honour 5829:Jewish 5625:Sexual 5533:Animal 5515:Virtue 5459:Ethics 5325:Polish 5305:German 5300:French 5285:Danish 5275:Canada 5225:Jewish 5187:Korean 5172:Indian 4714:People 4635:Monism 4588:German 4556:Holism 4489:Modern 4467:Jewish 4390:Dvaita 4363:Indian 4286:Huayan 4138:Ajñana 4095:Indian 3960:Greco- 3945:Taoism 3935:Mohism 3881:Modern 3848:By era 3837:By era 3752:Action 3633:Monism 3553:Virtue 3535:Ethics 3254:  3197:On War 3153:  3146:  3139:  3132:  3124:  2934:  2890: 2778:, and 2768:Cicero 2700:Hobbes 2687:morals 2676:ethics 2639:On War 2614:policy 2586:On War 2572:, the 2570:Jihads 2550:On War 2542:Christ 2506:utopia 2494:On War 2482:Tenakh 2462:nation 2426:On War 2402:nature 2400:", as 2390:Aztecs 2361:or an 2338:On War 2330:On War 2226:, the 2218:Indian 2163:While 2132:Gandhi 2079:On War 2030:ethics 1960:Sieges 1644:Theory 1384:Morale 1242:Policy 1237:Branch 1017:Mosaic 1007:Fabian 954:Covert 887:Trench 872:Screen 795:Charge 785:Battle 758:Aerial 676:Denial 644:Horses 572:Seabed 525:Tunnel 505:Jungle 495:Desert 465:Aerial 6605:Index 6367:Works 6338:Adams 6333:Nagel 6288:Dewey 6283:Rawls 6263:Barth 6258:Moore 6223:Hegel 6198:Xunzi 6153:Plato 6143:Laozi 6124:Wrong 6097:Japan 6087:Value 6082:Trust 5977:Ideal 5844:Stoic 5595:Media 5580:Legal 5356:Aztec 5310:Greek 5290:Dutch 5280:Czech 5129:Bantu 4566:Anti- 4113:Nyaya 4103:Hindu 3963:Roman 3757:Event 3399:Logic 3306:"War" 3230:Vedic 3158:JSTOR 3144:books 3054:JSTOR 2926:[ 2904:Notes 2605:state 2562:faith 2546:Satan 2508:or a 2472:from 2422:crime 2378:honor 2355:drama 2351:chess 2221:Hindu 2154:] 1933:Lists 1389:Women 1327:Ranks 1247:Staff 1177:Proxy 1092:Class 1047:Naval 1032:Depth 867:Swarm 860:Siege 840:Naval 820:Drone 715:Music 690:Robot 686:Drone 671:Cyber 614:Armor 584:Cyber 557:Green 552:Brown 515:Urban 475:Space 396:Radar 391:Sonar 260:Armor 217:Staff 195:Ranks 6318:Hare 6278:Foot 6238:Mill 6218:Kant 6213:Hume 6193:Mozi 6109:Vice 6027:Norm 5955:Evil 5950:Good 5910:Duty 5650:Meta 5573:Land 5500:Role 5485:Care 4457:Sufi 4291:Chan 4150:Jain 4123:Yoga 3653:Mind 3593:Hard 3581:Hard 3295:law. 3252:ISBN 3130:news 2963:link 2945:2022 2932:ISBN 2738:and 2698:and 2620:", " 2599:The 2574:Nazi 2499:The 2434:The 2359:fire 2224:epic 2216:The 2020:The 1970:Wars 1487:Base 1037:Goal 949:Raid 547:Blue 485:Land 156:Navy 151:Army 6685:War 6119:Vow 5849:Tao 5543:Bio 4731:Neo 4296:Zen 3113:by 2540:of 2474:God 2460:or 2424:. ( 2301:or 2176:or 2134:'s 2076:'s 1554:Law 1497:FOB 1492:MOB 537:Sea 29:War 6681:: 3321:. 3280:, 3246:, 3238:, 3212:, 3017:. 3006:^ 2990:. 2971:^ 2959:}} 2955:{{ 2947:. 2774:, 2770:, 2766:, 2762:. 2752:is 2592:, 2568:, 2152:ru 2048:. 2040:, 2036:, 1433:/ 688:/ 202:/ 188:/ 6639:: 5451:e 5444:t 5437:v 3355:e 3348:t 3341:v 3327:. 3274:. 3262:. 3242:( 3180:) 3174:( 3169:) 3165:( 3155:· 3148:· 3141:· 3134:· 3107:. 3027:. 3000:. 2965:) 2742:. 2665:. 2596:) 2484:( 2365:. 2241:) 2064:. 2009:e 2002:t 1995:v 39:) 35:(

Index

War
outline

History
Prehistoric
Ancient
Post-classical
castles
Early modern
pike and shot
napoleonic
Late modern
industrial
fourth-gen
Military
Organization
Command and control
Defense ministry
Army
Navy
Air force
Marines
Coast guard
Space force
Reserves
Regular
Irregular
Ranks
Standing army
Militia

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