1511:
1274:
1495:
243:
1364:(self-regard) is a "factitious feeling arising, only in society, which leads a man to think more highly of himself than of any other." Therefore, "it is this desire for reputation, honors, and preferment which devours us all . . . this rage to be distinguished, that we own what is best and worst in men â our virtues and our vices, our sciences and our errors, our conquerors and our philosophers â in short, a vast number of evil things and a small number of good "; that is the aspect of character "which inspires men to all the evils which they inflict upon one another."
199:
800:
928:, each of them, of course, a "Gegen-Konstruktion" to the conditions under which it was formed. One view, termed "soft" primitivism in an illuminating book by Lovejoy and Boas, conceives of primitive life as a golden age of plenty, innocence, and happiness â in other words, as civilized life purged of its vices. The other, "hard" form of primitivism conceives of primitive life as an almost subhuman existence full of terrible hardships and devoid of all comforts â in other words, as civilized life stripped of its virtues.
432:
496:(1609â1924) for possession of the land, European white settlers considered the Indians "an inferior breed of men" and mocked them by using the terms "Lo" and "Mr. Lo" as disrespectful forms of address. In the Western U.S., those terms of address also referred to East Coast humanitarians whose noble-savage conception of the American Indian was unlike the warrior who confronted and fought the frontiersman. Concerning the story of the settler Thomas Alderdice, whose wife was captured and killed by
288:
1070:
because the fruit thereof is uncertain; and consequently no
Culture of the Earth; no Navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by Sea; no commodious Building; no Instruments of moving, and removing such things as require much force; no Knowledge of the face of the Earth; no account of Time; no Arts; no Letters; no Society; and which is worst of all, continuall feare, and danger of violent death; And the life of man, solitary, poore, nasty, brutish, and short.
7060:
488:, etc., constituting the very best corn-lands on Earth, and saw their owners sitting around the doors of their lodges at the height of the planting season, and in as good, bright planting weather as sun and soil ever made, I could not help saying: "These people must die out â there is no help for them. God has given this earth to those who will subdue and cultivate it, and it is vain to struggle against His righteous decree."
1676:
commentators who found Greece to be a positive inspiration for resistance to austerity policies and the neoliberalism of the EU These commentators' positive embrace of the periphery (their noble-savage ideal) is the other side of the mainstream views, also dominant during that period, that stereotyped Greece and the South as lazy and corrupt.
1556:
head. All the noble savage's wars with his fellow-savages (and he takes no pleasure in anything else) are wars of extermination â which is the best thing I know of him, and the most comfortable to my mind when I look at him. He has no moral feelings of any kind, sort, or description; and his "mission" may be summed up as simply diabolical.
1755:, LeBlanc further documents the mythical notion of primitive non-violence against foreign tribal peoples, internal strife and internecine violence, as well as violence against animals and wildlife. In many of these instances the homicide rate even rising to substantially higher levels than that seen in modernity.
1570:
To conclude as I began. My position is that if we have anything to learn from the Noble Savage it is what to avoid. His virtues are a fable; his happiness is a delusion; his nobility, nonsense. We have no greater justification for being cruel to the miserable object, than for being cruel to a WILLIAM
1555:
The noble savage sets a king to reign over him, to whom he submits his life and limbs without a murmur or question, and whose whole life is passed chin deep in a lake of blood; but who, after killing incessantly, is in his turn killed by his relations and friends the moment a grey hair appears on his
1069:
Whatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of War, where every man is Enemy to every man; the same is consequent to the time, wherein men live without other security, than what their own strength, and their own invention shall furnish them withall. In such condition, there is no place for
Industry;
709:
The cannibal practices are admitted but presented as part of a complex and balanced set of customs and beliefs which "make sense" in their own right. They are attached to a powerfully positive morality of valor and pride, one that would have been likely to appeal to early modern codes of honor, and
973:
The leaders of the savages accosted them thus: âWe abandoned for you, the pleasant sea-coast, so that we have nothing left, but these almost inaccessible mountains: at least, it is just that you leave us in peace and liberty. Go, and never forget that you owe your lives to our feeling of humanity.
1522:
Despite
European idealization of the noble savage as a type of morally superior man, in the essay âThe Noble Savageâ (1853), Dickens expressed repugnance for the American Indians and their way of life, because they were dirty and cruel and continually quarrelled among themselves. In the satire of
1024:
They greatly excel the
Lowlanders in all the exercises that require agility; they are incredibly abstemious, and patient of hunger and fatigue; so steeled against the weather, that in traveling, even when the ground is covered with snow, they never look for a house, or any other shelter but their
189:
In many ways, the noble savage notion entails fantasies about the non-West that cut to the core of the conversation in the social sciences about
Orientalism, colonialism and exoticism. The key question that emerges here is whether an admiration of "the Other" as noble undermines or reproduces the
1626:
In "The
Prehistory of Warfare: Misled by Ethnography" (2006), the researchers Jonathan Haas and Matthew Piscitelli challenged the idea that the human species is innately bellicose and that warfare is an occasional activity by a society, but is not an inherent part of human culture. Moreover, the
758:
led him to retire to his lands in the PĂ©rigord region, and remain silent on all public affairs until the 1580s. Thus, it seems that he was traumatized by the massacre. To him, cruelty was a criterion that differentiated the Wars of
Religion from previous conflicts, which he idealized. Montaigne
468:
I have learned to appreciate better than hitherto, and to make more allowance for the dislike, aversion, contempt wherewith
Indians are usually regarded by their white neighbors, and have been since the days of the Puritans. It needs but little familiarity with the actual, palpable aborigines to
986:
We value health, frugality, liberty, and vigor of body and mind: the love of virtue, the fear of the gods, a natural goodness toward our neighbors, attachment to our friends, fidelity to all the world, moderation in prosperity, fortitude in adversity, courage always bold to speak the truth, and
1264:
Franklin praised the way of life of indigenous people, their customs of hospitality, their councils of government, and acknowledged that while some
Europeans had foregone civilization to live like a "savage", the opposite rarely occurred, because few indigenous people chose "civilization" over
1653:; hence, "life before domestication agriculture was, in fact, largely one of leisure, intimacy with nature, sensual wisdom, sexual equality, and health." Zerzan's claims about the moral superiority of primitive societies are based on a certain reading of the works of anthropologists, such as
1675:
In anthropology, the argument has been made that key tenets of the noble-savage idea inform cultural investments in places seemingly removed from the
Tropics, such as the Mediterranean and specifically Greece, during the debt crisis by European institutions (such as documenta) and by various
477:â is only visible to the poet's eye. To the prosaic observer, the average Indian of the woods and prairies is a being who does little credit to human nature â a slave of appetite and sloth, never emancipated from the tyranny of one animal passion, save by the more ravenous demands of another.
316:
of the time, for which a type of non-European Other became a background character for European stories about adventurous Europeans in the strange lands beyond continental Europe. For the novels, the opera, and the stageplays, the stock of characters included the "Virtuous Milkmaid" and the
1172:
Raynal brought home to the conscience of Europeans the miseries which had befallen the natives of the New World through the Christian conquerors and their priests. He was not indeed an enthusiastic preacher of Progress. He was unable to decide between the comparative advantages of the
1130:, a figure of fun in his blue coat, his red hose, his black hat, his white plume and his green ribands. He never really lives, because he is always torturing the life out of himself to clutch at wealth and honors, which, even if he wins them, will prove to be but glittering illusions.
1427:; on the other hand, an increasing estrangement of men from one another, an intensification of ill-will and mutual fear, culminating in a monstrous epoch of universal conflict and mutual destruction. And the chief cause of the latter process Rousseau, following Hobbes and
1359:
Having invented tools, discovered fire, and transcended the state of nature, Rousseau said that "it is easy to see. . . . that all our labors are directed upon two objects only, namely, for oneself, the commodities of life, and consideration on the part of others"; thus
1379:
position. Nor was this the whole of the difference. As compared with the then-conventional pictures of the savage state, Rousseau's account, even of this third stage, is far less idyllic; and it is so because of his fundamentally unfavorable view of human nature
459:
term, Pope's phrase "Lo, the Poor Indian!" was used to dehumanize the natives of North America for European purposes, and so justified white settlers' conflicts with the local Indians for possession of the land. In the mid-19th century, the journalist-editor
504:
newspaper said: "We wish some philanthropists, who talk about civilizing the Indians, could have heard this unfortunate and almost broken-hearted man tell his story. We think would at least have wavered a little in their opinion of the Lo family."
765:
He chose to depict cruelty through the image of hunting, which fitted with the tradition of condemning hunting for its association with blood and death, but it was still quite surprising, to the extent that this practice was part of the
146:
is a "war of all against all", for which reason the lives of men and women are "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short" without the political organization of people and resources. The European Hobbes gave, incorrectly, as example the
1439:
been going on upon a scale beyond all precedent: immense progress in man's knowledge and in his powers over nature, and, at the same time, a steady increase of rivalries, distrust, hatred and, at last, "the most horrible state of war"
273:(1672), about the troubled love of the hero Almanzor and the Moorish beauty Almahide, in which the protagonist defends his life as a free man by denying a prince's right to put him to death, because he is not a subject of the prince:
1671:
of the American Indians of the north-west North America, who live from fishing and foraging, is attributed to having domesticated dogs and the cultivation of tobacco, that animal husbandry and agriculture equal civilization.
1164:, which appeared in 1772. It is however one of the most remarkable books of the century. Its immediate practical importance lay in the array of facts which it furnished to the friends of humanity in the movement against
785:
Montaigne associated the propensity to cruelty toward animals, with that exercised toward men. After all, following the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, the invented image of Charles IX shooting Huguenots from the
1571:
SHAKESPEARE or an ISAAC NEWTON; but he passes away before an immeasurably better and higher power than ever ran wild in any earthly woods, and the world will be all the better when this place knows him no more.
1435:. A large survey of history does not belie these generalizations, and the history of the period since Rousseau wrote lends them a melancholy verisimilitude. Precisely the two processes, which he described have
742:
recognition that people are people, despite their different customs, traditions, and codes of honor. The academic David El Kenz explicates Montaigne's background concerning the violence of customary morality:
968:
were greatly surprised and alarmed by the sight of our ships and arms and retired to the mountains. But since our soldiers were curious to see the country and hunt deer, they were met by some of these savage
1604:
is a distinct species of Man â Crawfurd and Hunt dismissed the arguments of their opponents by accusing them of being proponents of "Rousseau's Noble Savage". Later in his career, Crawfurd re-introduced the
1371:
For Rousseau, man's good lay in departing from his "natural" state â but not too much; "perfectability", up to a certain point, was desirable, though beyond that point an evil. Not its infancy but its
653:(1550â1551) of the moral philosophy of enslaving the native peoples of the Spanish colonies, Bishop de las Casas reported the noble-savage culture of the natives, especially noting their plain-manner
754:
Montaigne discussed the first three wars of religion (1562â63; 1567â68; 1568â70) quite specifically; he had personally participated in , on the side of the royal army, in southwestern France. The
1082:
In the Kingdom of France, critics of the Crown and Church risked censorship and summary imprisonment without trial, and primitivism was political protest against the repressive imperial rĂšgimes of
1148:
Interest in the remote peoples of the Earth, in the unfamiliar civilizations of the East, in the untutored races of America and Africa, was vivid in France in the 18th century. Everyone knows how
1344:, Rousseau said that the rise of humanity began a "formidable struggle for existence" between the species man and the other animal species of Nature. That under the pressure of survival emerged
1156:
used Hurons or Persians to hold up the glass to Western manners and morals, as Tacitus used the Germans to criticize the society of Rome. But very few ever look into the seven volumes of the
1134:
For science and the arts are but the parents of corruption. The Savage obeys the will of Nature, his kindly mother, therefore he is happy. It is civilized folk who are the real barbarians.
994:
If the offended gods so far blind you as to make you reject peace, you will find, when it is too late, that the people who are moderate and lovers of peace are the most formidable in war.â
1396:, who represented an absolute idea of the first state of innocence "before men knew how to sin." The men in Rousseau's "nascent society" already had 'bien des querelles et des combats" ;
1177:
and the most highly cultivated society. But he observes that "the human race is what we wish to make it", that the felicity of Man depends entirely on the improvement of legislation, and
759:
considered that three factors accounted for the shift from regular war to the carnage of civil war: popular intervention, religious demagogy, and the never-ending aspect of the conflict.
1423:
declares that there is a dual process going on through history; on the one hand, an indefinite progress in all those powers and achievements which express merely the potency of man's
843:(Dutch Guiana, 1667â1954). In the course of his enslavement, Oroonoko meets the woman who narrates to the reader the life and love of Prince Oroonoko, his enslavement, his leading a
1336:
was essentially a glorification of the State of Nature, and that its influence tended to wholly or chiefly to promote âPrimitivismâ is one of the most persistent historical errors.
1215:, in which he referred to the Paxton Boys as "Christian white savages" and called for judicial punishment of those who carried the Bible in one hand and a hatchet in the other.
64:
who is uncorrupted by civilization. As such, the "noble" savage symbolizes the innate goodness and moral superiority of a primitive people living in harmony with Nature. In the
3325:
626:
the Europeans granted themselves the right to colonize the natives inhabiting the islands and the continental lands of the northern, the central, and the southern Americas.
1375:
was the best age of the human race. The distinction may seem to us slight enough; but in the mid-eighteenth century it amounted to an abandonment of the stronghold of the
1091:
1547:
To come to the point at once, I beg to say that I have not the least belief in the Noble Savage. I consider him a prodigious nuisance and an enormous superstition. . . .
360:(geographic, cultural, political) of North America as an ideal place for the European man to commune with Nature, far from the artifice of civilisation; yet in the poem â
2305:, Patrick Riley, translator (Cambridge University Press, 1994), pp. 130â131; Riley's translation is based on the translation by Tobias Smollett, 1776 (op. cit. p. xvii).
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1293:
likewise believed that Man is innately good, and that urban civilization, characterized by jealousy, envy, and self-consciousness, has made men bad in character. In
202:
In the essay "Of Cannibals" (1580), about the TupinambĂĄ people of Brazil, the philosopher Michel de Montaigne introduced the noble savage (nature's gentleman) as a
637:(1521â1821) eventually produced bad-conscience recriminations amongst the European intelligentsias for and against colonialism. As the Roman Catholic Bishop of
1527:
Dickens showed that the painter Catlin, the Indian Gallery of portraits and landscapes, and the white people who admire the idealized American Indians or the
1826:
5065:
2752:
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1551:
I don't care what he calls me. I call him a savage, and I call a savage a something highly desirable to be civilized off the face of the Earth. . . .
1367:
Men become men only in a civil society based upon law, and only a reformed system of education can make men good; the academic Lovejoy explains that:
5055:
3218:(1923, 1943). "The Supposed Primitivism of Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality, " Modern Philology Vol. 21, No. 2 (Nov., 1923):165â186. Reprinted in
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looks with compassion on poor civilized man â no courage, no strength, incapable of providing himself with food and shelter: a degenerate, a moral
770:
way of life. Montaigne reviled hunting by describing it as an urban massacre scene. In addition, the manâanimal relationship allowed him to define
790:
window did combine the established reputation of the King as a hunter, with a stigmatization of hunting, a cruel and perverted custom, did it not?
1025:
plaid, in which they wrap themselves up, and go to sleep under the cope of heaven. Such people, in quality of soldiers, must be invincible. . . .
730:, yet neither were the TupinambĂĄ culturally or morally inferior to his contemporary, 16th-century European civilization. From the perspective of
1388:
savages are quite unlike Dryden's Indians: "Guiltless men, that danced away their time, / Fresh as the groves and happy as their clime" or Mrs.
889:
of the love story, the circumstances, and the characters, which consequently gave political importance to the play and the novel for the candid
578:
isolated from his society, whose trials and tribulations lead him to knowledge of Allah by living a rustic life in harmony with Mother Nature.
106:
1510:
428:
of the non-European Other derived from the mirror logic of the Enlightenment belief that "men, everywhere and in all times, are the same".
1698:" is contradicted and refuted by archeologic evidence that indicates that violence was common practice in early human societies. That the
416:
means "uneducated and a heathen", but also denotes a savage who is happy with his rustic life in harmony with Nature, and who believes in
1260:"Savages" we call them, because their manners differ from ours, which we think the perfection of civility; they think the same of theirs.
2205:
The Fall of the Natural Man: the American Indian and the origins of comparative ethnology. Cambridge Iberian and Latin American Studies.
2192:
The Savage in European Social Thought: A Prelude to the Conceptualization of the Divergent Peoples and Cultures of Australia and Oceania
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they are contrasted with modes of behavior in the France of the wars of religion, which appear as distinctly less attractive, such as
2155:
Paradies auf Erden?: Mythenbildung als Form von Fremdwahrnehmung : der SĂŒdsee-Mythos in SchlĂŒsselphasen der deutschen Literatur
1245:
outside Philadelphia. The marchers dispersed after Franklin convinced them to submit their grievances in writing to the government.
689:
of Brazil ceremoniously eat the bodies of their dead enemies, as a matter of honour, whilst reminding the European reader that such
4117:
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published the essay "Lo! The Poor Indian!" (1859), about the social condition of the American Indian in the modern United States:
5580:
974:
Never forget that it was from a people whom you call rude and savage that you receive this lesson in gentleness and generosity.
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of New Spain, yet idealized them into morally innocent noble savages living a simple life in harmony with Mother Nature. At the
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In the 18th century, British intellectual debate about Primitivism used the Highland Scots as a local, European example of a
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said that the "widespread myth" that "civilized humans have fallen from grace from a simple, primeval happiness, a peaceful
336:
for adventure and exploration stories about European encounters with the noble savage natives, such as the historical novel
6676:
4694:
2949:
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of the Highlanders, whilst admiring and idealizing the toughness of person and character of the Highland Scots; the writer
2698:
Haas, Jonathan; Piscitelli, Matthew (2013). "The Prehistory of Warfare: Misled by Ethnography". In Fry, Douglas P. (ed.).
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174:. In the 19th century, in the essay "The Noble Savage" (1853) Charles Dickens rendered the noble savage into a rhetorical
5098:
3248:
Dickens And Empire: Discourses Of Class, Race And Colonialism In The Works Of Charles Dickens (Nineteenth Century Series)
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1792:
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Bordewich, Fergus M. "Killing the White Man's Indian: Reinventing Native Americans at the End of the Twentieth Century"
1012:
people, as often as the American Indians were the example. The English cultural perspective scorned the ostensibly rude
827:, which is the tragic love story between Oroonoko and the beautiful Imoinda, an African king and queen respectively. At
325:), literary characters who personify the moral superiority of working-class people in the fictional world of the story.
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405:
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unlike his insular European self; thus, from the Western perspective of "An Essay on Man", Pope's metaphoric usage of
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2675:
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2129:"An Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859, "Lo! The Poor Indian!", by Horace Greeley"
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1415:
that will "draw from the very evil from which we suffer the remedy which shall cure it"; Lovejoy notes that in the
5478:
4775:
2806:
1483:, which then was touring England. About Catlin's oil paintings of the North American natives, the poet and critic
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5184:
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In the intellectual debates of the late 16th and 17th centuries, philosophers used the racist stereotypes of the
5539:
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3086:. Material relating to First Nations, Metis, and Inuit, found in Saskatchewan cultural and heritage collections.
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In the poem "An Essay on Man" (1734), the poet Alexander Pope developed the noble savage into the non-European
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2020:
Miner, Earl (1972), "The Wild Man Through the Looking Glass", in Dudley, Edward; Novak, Maximillian E (eds.),
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7028:
6945:
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2914:(PDF). Zeitschrift fĂŒr Australienstudien. 16: 17â30. doi:10.35515/zfa/asj.16/2002.04. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
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is restricted to hunter-gatherer societies who have no domesticated animals or agriculture, e.g. the stable
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to compare the civilized European to the uncivilized noble savage. Montaigne's anthropological report about
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807:(1696), by Thomas Southerne, plot complications lead the protagonist Oroonoko to kill his beloved Imoinda.
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1479:, Charles Dickens published a negative review of the Indian Gallery cultural program, by the portraitist
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Peacock, Janice (2006) âCulture Cult Clan 2001: Comments on the Survival of Torres Strait Cultureâ,
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1431:, found, as we have seen, in that unique passion of the self-conscious animal â pride, self esteem,
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1635:(1986) specifically rejects claims that the human propensity towards violence has a genetic basis.
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Forgotten Founders: Benjamin Franklin, the Iroquois, and the Rationale for the American Revolution
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was a real type of man, despite the term not appearing in work written by Rousseau; in addressing
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stock character in conversation with civilized men from Europe about possession and ownership of
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said that "He has brought back alive the proud and free characters of these chiefs; both their
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politics to Adario, a Canadian Indian who played the role of noble savage for French explorers:
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There had been, from the beginning of Classical speculation, two contrasting opinions about the
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Massacres during the Wars of Religion: The St. Bartholomew's Day massacre: a foundational event
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Fryd, Vivien Green (1995). "Rereading the Indian in Benjamin West's "Death of General Wolfe"".
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paradigm has warped anthropological literature to political ends. Moreover, the anthropologist
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against the Dutch planters of Surinam, and his consequent execution by the Dutch colonialists.
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139:
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2834:"The Indigenous Sublime Rethinking Orientalism and Desire from documenta 14 to Highland Crete"
2086:"The Indigenous Sublime Rethinking Orientalism and Desire from documenta 14 to Highland Crete"
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Peaceable Kingdom Lost: The Paxton Boys and the Destruction of William Penn's Holy Experiment
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likewise accused anthropologists of exalting the noble savage above civilized man, by way of
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in Brazil indicated that the TupinambĂĄ people were neither a noble nor an exceptionally good
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As I passed over those magnificent bottoms of the Kansas, which form the reservations of the
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Primitivism and the Idea of Progress in English Popular Literature of the Eighteenth Century
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The Vital Roots of European Enlightenment: Ibn Tufayl's Influence on Modern Western Thought
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Coming to Terms with Diversity: Educational Responses to Linguistic Plurality in Australia
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François de Salignac de la Mothe-Fénelon, Encounter with the Mandurians, in Chapter IX of
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way of life, because Rome was too civilized, unlike the savage Germans. The art historian
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The Fall of the Natural Man: The American Indian and the origins of comparative ethnology
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Dickens ends his cultural criticism by reiterating his argument against the romanticized
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5304:
5133:
3022:
Bataille, Gretchen, M. and Silet Charles L., editors. Introduction by Vine Deloria, Jr.
2257:
BenĂtez-Rojo, Antonio (2018). "The Caribbean: From a Sea Basin to an Atlantic Network".
1065:
as politically necessary for societal stability and the national security of the state:
964:
lived by hunting and by the fruits which the trees spontaneously produced. These people
686:
228:
7051:
6771:
6533:
6523:
6408:
6299:
6193:
6035:
5984:
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5763:
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4540:
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4242:
4024:
3156:
3148:
2399:
1774:
1752:
1748:
1691:
1536:
1484:
1428:
1320:
of the French Revolution (1789â1799), ideologues accused Rousseau of claiming that the
1317:
1087:
836:
739:
292:
264:
171:
148:
86:
49:
5933:
5813:
5010:
3030:. "The White Man's Indian: Images of the American Indian from Columbus to the Present"
799:
6985:
6955:
6919:
6864:
6786:
6716:
6641:
6578:
6483:
6468:
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5708:
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5432:
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5339:
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5169:
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3315:
3299:
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3215:
3206:
3192:
3160:
3140:
3077:
3067:
2705:
2671:
2464:
2452:
2406:
2174:
2027:
1958:
1736:
1593:
1543:. Dickens begins by dismissing the noble savage as not being a distinct human being:
1307:(bad), but was possessed of an "innate repugnance to see others of his kind suffer."
1062:
1054:
Leviathan, or The Matter, Forme and Power of a Commonwealth Ecclesiasticall and Civil
735:
723:
650:
541:
135:
6325:
6320:
6203:
5040:
4990:
2753:"The Search for What Makes Us Human: The Killer Ape Account of the Mid-20th Century"
2023:
The Wild Man Within: An Image in Western Thought from the Renaissance to Romanticism
1714:
primitivism that dehumanises Indigenous peoples into the cultural stereotype of the
6591:
6488:
6413:
6330:
6294:
6172:
6147:
6142:
5843:
5833:
5828:
5818:
5808:
5783:
5713:
5636:
5611:
5179:
5128:
5025:
4866:
4856:
4839:
4800:
4795:
4770:
4556:
4545:
4434:
4214:
4178:
4168:
3912:
3839:
3803:
3775:
3728:
3606:
3132:
2841:
2661:
2093:
1831:
1668:
1654:
1111:
871:
702:
694:
571:
558:
421:
6766:
6756:
5974:
5748:
5585:
5249:
4927:
2784:
6990:
6975:
6950:
6874:
6806:
6801:
6796:
6711:
6696:
6651:
6586:
6458:
6428:
6274:
6269:
6152:
6075:
6065:
6015:
5923:
5798:
5692:
5631:
5626:
5493:
5437:
5354:
5344:
5164:
5148:
5103:
5070:
4943:
4893:
4831:
4820:
4380:
4370:
4201:
4186:
4069:
3695:
3435:
3294:
3004:
Touched by Fire: the Life, Death, and Mythic Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer
2143:
Touched by Fire: the Life, Death, and Mythic Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer
1938:
1910:
1905:
1836:
1802:
1646:
1475:
1412:
1348:, the specific quality of character, which distinguishes man from beast, such as
1300:
1223:
1174:
1017:
925:
908:
851:
844:
520:
361:
216:
143:
61:
6371:
5309:
4704:
3078:"'He Scarcely Resembles the Real Man': images of the Indian in popular culture".
2701:
War, Peace, and Human Nature: The Convergence of Evolutionary and Cultural Views
1252:, Franklin especially noted the racism inherent to the colonists using the word
431:
6914:
6884:
6849:
6839:
6821:
6726:
6686:
6621:
6493:
6423:
6264:
6249:
6177:
6121:
6111:
6080:
6060:
5969:
5892:
5872:
5857:
5778:
5738:
5442:
5394:
5324:
5219:
5199:
5138:
5035:
4899:
4825:
4606:
4581:
4158:
4089:
4004:
3917:
3279:
3009:
2950:"LeBlanc's Book Explores Warfare Through the Ages | Arts | The Harvard Crimson"
1969:
1841:
1663:
1453:
1168:. But it was also an effective attack on the Church and the sacerdotal system.
1103:
1095:
917:
607:
461:
365:
6929:
6498:
5524:
5488:
5299:
3344:
Nature's Simple Plan: a phase of radical thought in the mid-eighteenth century
1157:
7078:
6924:
6889:
6879:
6859:
6791:
6741:
6606:
6596:
6381:
6356:
6244:
6218:
6106:
5887:
5758:
5364:
5294:
5269:
5259:
5214:
4914:
4616:
4561:
4393:
4355:
4340:
4301:
3816:
3615:
3585:
3511:
3496:
3395:
3308:
3289:
3144:
1964:
1703:
1581:
1480:
1204:
1058:
867:
787:
287:
6116:
1515:
1241:
to defend the city and led a delegation that met with the Paxton leaders at
978:
We abhor that brutality which, under the gaudy names of ambition and glory,
944:(1699), in the âEncounter with the Manduriansâ (Chapter IX), the theologian
6894:
6869:
6844:
6811:
6781:
6701:
6661:
6563:
6508:
6418:
6386:
6376:
6361:
6101:
5964:
5954:
5928:
5773:
5728:
5452:
5384:
5374:
5314:
5264:
5209:
5020:
4938:
4909:
4760:
4591:
4525:
4474:
4424:
4414:
4309:
4130:
4102:
4079:
4034:
3879:
3854:
3821:
3783:
3710:
3643:
3590:
3554:
3536:
2810:
1915:
1866:
1797:
1650:
1610:
1461:
1349:
1219:
698:
682:
630:
318:
246:
The playwright John Dryden coined the term "noble savage" in the stageplay
224:
65:
45:
6259:
6909:
6776:
6626:
6223:
6126:
6070:
5877:
5743:
5447:
5379:
5113:
4974:
4933:
4882:
4755:
4667:
4409:
4345:
4291:
4163:
4125:
4097:
4074:
4019:
3941:
3628:
3564:
3516:
3491:
3167:
2166:
1846:
1816:
1807:
1744:
1711:
1642:
1524:
1457:
1376:
1234:
1200:
1153:
767:
697:: "One calls âbarbarismâ whatever he is not accustomed to." The academic
357:
183:
179:
75:
4442:
4388:
3054:
2666:
2124:
An Overland Journey from New York to San Francisco in the Summer of 1859
1613:
and deliberately ascribed coinage of the term to Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
1518:, Chief of the Ojibwa Indians of the Great Plains. (George Catlin, 1832)
6030:
5349:
5329:
5319:
4968:
4805:
4601:
4550:
4250:
4232:
3935:
3907:
3849:
3844:
3764:
3705:
3667:
3337:
Hollywood's Indian : the Portrayal of the Native American in Film.
3152:
2509:, Vol. 21, No. 2 (Nov. 1923):165â186, Lovejoy's essay was reprinted in
2329:
1890:
1695:
1597:
1528:
1502:
painted idealized representations of the North American noble savage. (
1389:
1312:
879:
824:
567:
553:
485:
190:
dominant hierarchy, whereby the Other is subjugated by Western powers.
4014:
3994:
2514:
6691:
6020:
5902:
5234:
4953:
4611:
4515:
4449:
4278:
4269:
4224:
4209:
3931:
3902:
3811:
3793:
3788:
3659:
3655:
3633:
3580:
3559:
3531:
3506:
3451:
3258:
3050:
2807:"John Zerzan â Running on Emptiness: The Failure of Symbolic Thought"
1856:
1782:
1740:
1719:
1540:
1424:
1013:
863:
654:
634:
599:
443:
186:
in philosophy and in the arts made possible by moral sentimentalism.
114:
2593:
6831:
4596:
4586:
4571:
4360:
4107:
4059:
3979:
3546:
3501:
3404:
3136:
3037:
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. Reprinted by Octagon Press in 1966.
2845:
2699:
2097:
1880:
1851:
1718:
peoples who live a primitive way of life demarcated and limited by
1488:
1230:
1149:
819:
497:
446:
the royal house date from the early reign of the Oldenburg dynasty.
439:
206:
in the stories of Europeans' relations with the non-European Other.
175:
110:
3384:
Louis Menand. "What Comes Naturally". A review of Steven Pinker's
3229:
Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press. Reprinted by Octagon Books, 1965.
912:, Tacitus ascribed to the Germans the cultural superiority of the
574:
as a means to understand the material world. The protagonist is a
540:
who featured in the exotic-place tourism reported in the European
308:
By the 18th century, Montaigne's predecessor to the noble savage,
6503:
5254:
4845:
4469:
4419:
4286:
4191:
4029:
3927:
3831:
3747:
3671:
3663:
3526:
3255:
Beyond primitivism: indigenous religious traditions and modernity
3113:. New York: Kings Crown Press. Reprinted New York: Octagon Press.
1562:
1238:
1199:
Benjamin Franklin was critical of government indifference to the
859:
813:
711:
638:
529:
960:
On our arrival upon this coast we found there a savage race who
151:
as people living in the bellicose state of nature that precedes
4948:
4135:
3897:
3874:
3081:
1628:
1226:
1043:
The imperial politics of Western Europe featured debates about
953:
886:
771:
727:
409:
125:
4636:
2884:
Hirsi Ali, Ayaan (12 June 2010) âFacing up to radical Islamâ,
2599:
Moore, "Reappraising Dickens's 'Noble Savage'"(2002): 236â243.
2503:
The Supposed Primitivism of Rousseau's Discourse on Inequality
1326:
The Supposed Primitivism of Rousseauâs Discourse on Inequality
657:
and that they did not have the social custom of telling lies.
113:, a sense of right and wrong conduct, which is based upon the
4520:
4335:
4064:
3922:
3651:
3326:"British and Indian Identities in a Picture by Benjamin West"
3035:
The Happy Beast in French Thought in the Seventeenth Century.
1099:
417:
152:
3111:
First Follow Nature: Primitivism in English Poetry 1725â1750
3056:
The Idea of Progress: an Inquiry into its Origins and Growth
3024:
The Pretend Indian: Images of Native Americans in the Movies
2358:
The Idea of Progress: an Inquiry into its Origins and Growth
2112:
The Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory
1211:
in December 1763. Within weeks of the murders, he published
1188:
The Idea of Progress: an Inquiry into its Origins and Growth
1122:, of which the certain fruits are Justice and a happy life.
831:, Ghana, the protagonist is deceived and delivered into the
673:
as moral reproaches of the European monarchies fighting the
142:
as necessary because the condition of Man in the apolitical
4904:
3476:
2246:
David El Kenz,"Massacres During the Wars of Religion", 2007
2053:
2051:
933:
Et in Arcadia Ego: Poussin and the Elegiac Tradition (1936)
159:
organizing into the societies that compose a civilization.
156:
3064:
Sick Societies: Challenging the Myth of Primitive Harmony.
4051:
3017:: 500 Years of Western Cultural Life, 1500 to the Present
1092:
Louis-Armand de Lom d'Arce de Lahontan, Baron de Lahontan
606:, called the Age of Discovery (1492â1800); thus with the
117:
and the emotions, and not based upon religious doctrine.
3335:
Rollins, Peter C. and John E. O'Connor, editors (1998).
3203:
Constant battles: the myth of the peaceful, noble savage
3019:. New York: HarperCollins. pp. 282â294, and passim.
2860:
War Before Civilization: The Myth of the Peaceful Savage
2048:
2008:
Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms and Literary Theory
1687:
War Before Civilization: the Myth of the Peaceful Savage
239:
counterpart to civilized Europeans in the 16th century.
120:
In the philosophic debates of 17th-century Britain, the
2704:. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 168â190.
2654:
Douglas, Bronwen; Ballard, Chris, eds. (October 2008).
2360:(second ed.). New York: Cosimo Press. p. 111.
1404:
and slights or affronts were consequently visited with
862:, because the story, plot, and characters followed the
835:(16thâ19th centuries), and Oroonoko becomes a slave of
469:
convince anyone that the poetic Indian â the Indian of
3241:
A Documentary History of Primitivism and Related Ideas
2070:
Moore, Grace "Reappraising Dickens's 'Noble Savage'",
1498:
For European art collectors, the American portraitist
3313:
The Culture Cult: Designer Tribalism and Other Essays
3098:
Time and the Other: How Anthropology Makes its Object
2157:(2008) Anja Hall Königshausen & Neumann, p. 0000.
1827:
Stereotypes about indigenous peoples of North America
1233:
who had been given shelter there, Franklin recruited
1213:
A Narrative of the Late Massacres in Lancaster County
693:
behavior was analogous to the religious barbarism of
2445:
2888:
magazine, Montreal, Canada. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
2635:
Dickens, Charles. "The Noble Savage" (1853) p. 000.
2626:
Dickens, Charles. "The Noble Savage" (1853) p. 000.
2617:
Dickens, Charles. "The Noble Savage" (1853) p. 000.
2608:
Dickens, Charles. "The Noble Savage" (1853) p. 000.
2145:(University of Nebraska Press , 2006), pp. 107â108.
1352:capable of "almost unlimited development", and the
1061:, which justified the central-government regime of
3339:Lexington, Kentucky: University of Kentucky Press.
3295:The Blank Slate: The Modern Denial of Human Nature
2799:
2775:
2773:
2398:
1328:(1923), the academic Arthur O. Lovejoy said that:
858:proved to be political-protest literature against
817:of the noble savage are the subjects of the novel
89:(1660â1688) expanded Dryden's playwright usage of
2926:"Did This Extinct Human Species Commit Homicide?"
2427:"Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America"
2114:Third Edition (1991) J.A. Cuddon, Ed. pp.588â589.
2010:Third Edition (1991) J.A. Cudon, Ed. pp. 588â589.
1222:in February 1764, with the intent of killing the
1090:. In his travelogue of North America, the writer
774:, which he presented as the opposite of cruelty.
718:As philosophic reportage, "Of Cannibals" applies
391:No fiends torment, no Christians thirst for gold!
7076:
3222:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1948 and 1960.
3104:The Noble Savage: A Study in Romantic Naturalism
3093:(Berkeley, CA.: University of California Press).
3042:Primitivism and Related Ideas in the Middle Ages
2871:See: Patrick Wolfe's opinion of Roger Sandall in
2349:
1296:Discourse on the Origins of Inequality Among Men
685:" (1580), Michel de Montaigne reported that the
598:(noble-savage natives) of the newly discovered "
389:Where slaves once more their native land behold,
3351:Gone Primitive: Savage Intellects, Modern Lives
3253:Olupá»na, Jacob Obafáșčmi Káșčhinde, Editor. (2003)
2770:
2026:, University of Pittsburgh Press, p. 106,
1250:Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America
502:The Leavenworth, Kansas, Times and Conservative
383:Behind the cloud-topp'd hill, a humbler heav'n;
170:, an ideal man born from the sentimentalism of
4447:
2697:
2653:
1411:Rousseau proposes reorganizing society with a
1118:As against society, he puts forward a sort of
633:mistreatment of the indigenous peoples of the
532:, introduced the anthropologic concept of the
107:Anthony Ashley-Cooper, 3rd Earl of Shaftesbury
82:as an archetype of Man-as-Creature-of-Nature.
4652:
3420:
1299:(1754), Rousseau said that in the primordial
982:sheds the blood of men who are all brothers.
375:Sees God in clouds, or hears Him in the wind;
339:The Last of the Mohicans: A Narrative of 1757
101:. Concerning civility and incivility, in the
3239:Lovejoy, Arthur O. and George Boas. (1935).
2256:
1722:, which discouraged Indigenous peoples from
1621:
1001:The Adventures of Telemachus, Son of Ulysses
941:The Adventures of Telemachus, Son of Ulysses
385:Some safer world in depth of woods embrac'd,
377:His soul proud Science never taught to stray
317:"Servant-More-Clever-Than-the-Master" (e.g.
109:, said that men and women possess an innate
30:For broader usage of the word "savage", see
3367:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
3227:Primitivism and Related Ideas in Antiquity.
2320:(1771) London: Penguin Books, 1967, p. 292.
1679:
1433:le besoin de se mettre au dessus des autres
1346:le caractÚre spécifique de l'espÚce humaine
1218:When the Paxton Boys led an armed march on
738:of honor of the TupinambĂĄ people indicates
4659:
4645:
3465:
3427:
3413:
2277:Primitivism and Related Ideas in Antiquity
2061:(Cambridge University Press, 2003), p. 70.
2059:Locke, Hobbes, and Confusion's Masterpiece
1788:Native Americans in German popular culture
1449:
1441:
1436:
1401:
1385:
1303:, man was a solitary creature who was not
1178:
1169:
1131:
1123:
1115:
988:
983:
979:
975:
965:
961:
779:
775:
760:
751:
526:On the Origin and Situation of the Germans
438:In the royal coat of arms of Denmark, the
395:He asks no angel's wing, no seraph's fire:
3346:. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
3225:Lovejoy, A. O. and Boas, George ( 1965).
3059:. (Reprint) New York: Cosimo Press, 2008.
2665:
2355:
896:
734:of Montaigne's humanist portrayal of the
590:in 1492, the Europeans employed the term
399:His faithful dog shall bear him company.
373:Lo, the poor Indian! whose untutor'd mind
282:When wild in woods the noble savage ran.
3286:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3189:The Ecological Indian: Myth and History.
2690:
2451:
2288:Erwin Panofsky, "Et in Arcadia Ego", in
2231:(London: Granta Books, 2007), pp. 81â82.
1661:, wherein the anthropologic category of
1575:
1509:
1493:
1356:, the capability of perfecting himself.
1272:
1268:
1094:, who had lived with the Huron Indians (
798:
430:
387:Some happier island in the wat'ry waste,
381:Yet simple Nature to his hope has giv'n,
286:
270:The Conquest of Granada by the Spaniards
248:The Conquest of Granada by the Spaniards
241:
197:
134:(1651), in which Thomas Hobbes defended
128:response to the political philosophy of
71:The Conquest of Granada by the Spaniards
7115:Western (genre) staples and terminology
2923:
2862:(Oxford, University Press, 1996), p. 5.
2750:
2724:
2513:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, , at
2463:. Ipswich, Massachusetts: Gambit, Inc.
901:
893:of slave-powered European colonialism.
778:a sort of natural benevolence based on
602:" as ideological justification for the
397:But thinks, admitted to that equal sky,
162:In 18th-century anthropology, the term
14:
7077:
3396:Peter Gay. "Breeding is Fundamental".
3006:. University of Nebraska Press , 2006.
2725:Johnson, Eric Michael (19 June 2012).
2546:Discourse on the Origins of Inequality
2457:"Chapter 5: The Philosopher as Savage"
1616:
1417:Discourse on the Origins of Inequality
1342:Discourse on the Origins of Inequality
701:further explains Montaigne's point of
518:In Western literature, the Roman book
508:
404:To the English intellectual Pope, the
278:I am as free as nature first made man,
7006:Romanticism and the French Revolution
4640:
4499:
3968:
3967:
3464:
3408:
3365:Europe and the People without History
3076:Edwards, Brendan Frederick R. (2008)
2831:
2405:. New York: Oxford University Press.
2396:
2390:
2242:Massacres During the Wars of Religion
2160:
2083:
2019:
1770:Racism in the work of Charles Dickens
1444:failed to realize fully how strongly
1277:Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712â1778) by
870:. In the event, the Irish playwright
604:European colonization of the Americas
280:Ere the base laws of servitude began,
3434:
3205:. New York : St Martin's Press
3116:
3026:. Iowa State University Press, 1980*
2657:John Crawfurd â 'two separate races'
1763:
1588:identified the racial stereotype of
1285:Like the Earl of Shaftesbury in the
1256:as a synonym for indigenous people:
1194:
660:
544:of the 17th and the 18th centuries.
356:, both literary works presented the
3109:Fitzgerald, Margaret Mary ( 1976).
2901:30:138â155. Retrieved 21 July 2022.
2372:"A Narrative of the Late Massacres"
1793:Native American hobbyism in Germany
1726:into the dominant Western culture.
1531:of Africa are examples of the term
1448:tended to assume a collective form
1287:Inquiry Concerning Virtue, or Merit
906:In the 1st century AD, in the book
714:and barbarous methods of execution.
581:
513:
393:To be, contents his natural desire;
379:Far as the solar walk or milky way;
368:portrays the American Indian thus:
312:was a stock character usual to the
235:presents "Nature's Gentleman", the
231:of Brazil, wherein the philosopher
122:Inquiry Concerning Virtue, or Merit
103:Inquiry Concerning Virtue, or Merit
24:
3342:Tinker, Chaunchy Brewster (1922).
3174:. Cleveland, Ohio: Meridian Books.
2727:"The Better Bonobos of Our Nature"
2207:(Cambridge University Press, 1982)
1468:
267:occurs in John Dryden's stageplay
25:
7126:
3372:
3182:: The Myth of the Peaceful Savage
3044:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press.
2809:. Primitivism.com. Archived from
2783:. Primitivism.com. Archived from
2751:Baldwin, Melinda (16 June 2019).
2317:The Expedition of Humphry Clinker
1181:his view is generally optimistic.
1051:worsened with the publication of
1031:The Expedition of Humphry Clinker
645:witnessed the enslavement of the
85:The intellectual politics of the
7059:
7058:
3360:. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press
2781:"John Zerzan â Future Primitive"
2548:quoted in Lovejoy (1960), p. 27.
2346:(, 1969), pp. 13â14, and passim.
1649:between Anarcho-primitivism and
1514:The Noble Savage as stereotype:
1473:In 1853, in the weekly magazine
1038:
850:Despite Behn having written the
811:The themes about the person and
586:In the 15th century, soon after
4666:
3944:(self styled captain, braggart)
3102:Fairchild, Hoxie Neale (1928).
2966:
2942:
2924:Shermer, Michael (2016-01-01).
2917:
2904:
2891:
2878:
2873:The Anthropological Book Review
2865:
2852:
2825:
2744:
2718:
2647:
2638:
2629:
2620:
2611:
2602:
2582:
2569:
2560:
2551:
2538:
2529:
2520:
2495:
2486:
2477:
2419:
2364:
2336:
2323:
2308:
2295:
2282:
2279:, Baltimore, I, 1935. pp. 0000.
2269:
2250:
2234:
2221:
2210:
2197:
2184:
2148:
999:Encounter with the Mandurians,
3220:Essays in the History of Ideas
2644:Ellingson (2001), pp. 249â323.
2511:Essays in the History of Ideas
2135:
2117:
2104:
2077:
2064:
2039:
2013:
2000:
1953:Legend of the Rainbow Warriors
1732:Constant Battles: Why we fight
1209:Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
756:St. Bartholomew's Day massacre
559:The Living Son of the Vigilant
536:to the Western World; later a
124:was the Earl of Shaftesbury's
13:
1:
7110:Ethnic and racial stereotypes
7029:Wanderer above the Sea of Fog
3349:Torgovnick, Marianna (1991).
3172:The European Mind (1690â1715)
2344:The European Mind (1680â1715)
1983:
1633:Seville Statement on Violence
1400:was already manifest in them
794:
547:
521:De origine et situ Germanorum
39:Noble Savage (disambiguation)
3356:Whitney, Lois Payne (1934).
3332:31: 3 (Spring 1998): 283â305
3091:The Myth of the Noble Savage
2292:(New York: Doubleday, 1955).
2275:Lovejoy, A. O. and Boas, G.
1110:Adario sings the praises of
820:Oroonoko: Or the Royal Slave
426:idealization and devaluation
259:The first usage of the term
7:
4448:
4315:Elderly martial arts master
4010:Hooker with a heart of gold
3184:. Oxford: University Press.
3177:Keeley, Lawrence H. (1996)
3129:University of Chicago Press
2757:Los Angeles Review of Books
2483:Lovejoy (1923, 1948) p. 21.
2126:(1860), by Horace Greeley.
1758:
1354:faculté de se perfectionner
1332:The notion that Rousseauâs
1020:described the Highlanders:
681:(1562â1598). In the essay "
528:, AD 98), by the historian
223:originated from the essay "
10:
7131:
6946:Coleridge's theory of life
4500:
3330:Eighteenth-Century Studies
2557:See Lovejoy (1960), p. 31.
2303:Telemachus, Son of Ulysses
2290:Meaning in the Visual Arts
1690:(1996), the archaeologist
1641:, such as the philosopher
570:, explores the subject of
354:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
193:
178:by satirizing the British
36:
29:
7038:
7001:Romanticism and economics
6938:
6830:
6577:
6399:
6344:
6313:
6237:
6186:
6135:
6094:
6003:
5947:
5911:
5865:
5856:
5701:
5645:
5594:
5553:
5512:
5466:
5408:
5278:
5157:
5079:
5016:Manuel AntĂŽnio de Almeida
4998:
4989:
4875:
4743:
4674:
4506:
4495:
4460:
4433:
4402:
4379:
4323:
4300:
4277:
4268:
4241:
4223:
4200:
4177:
4144:
4116:
4088:
4050:
3987:
3978:
3974:
3963:
3890:
3830:
3802:
3773:
3755:
3746:
3721:
3681:
3642:
3614:
3605:
3573:
3545:
3484:
3475:
3471:
3460:
3442:
3062:Edgerton, Robert (1992).
2832:Kalantzis, Konstantinos.
2173:(1989), Lexington Books,
2084:Kalantzis, Konstantinos.
1622:Supporters of primitivism
1162:History of the Two Indies
885:(1696) that stressed the
566:, 1160), by the polymath
530:Publius Cornelius Tacitus
364:â (1734), the Englishman
4781:German historical school
3324:Reinhardt, Leslie Kaye.
3201:LeBlanc, Steven (2003).
3089:Ellingson, Ter. (2001).
2045:OED s.v. "savage" B.3.a.
1680:Opponents of primitivism
1525:romanticised primitivism
987:abhorrence of flattery.
635:Viceroyalty of New Spain
588:arriving to the Americas
105:(1699), the philosopher
58:Myth of the Noble savage
32:Savage (pejorative term)
5428:JĂłzef Ignacy Kraszewski
3257:. New York and London:
3187:Krech, Shepard (2000).
3180:War Before Civilization
2526:(Lovejoy (1960), p. 23)
2492:Ellingson, Ter. (2001).
2074:98:458 (2002): 236â243.
1751:who specializes in the
1596:, yet, as advocates of
1584:and the anthropologist
1580:In 1860, the physician
1334:Discourse on Inequality
891:cultural representation
679:French Wars of Religion
328:In English literature,
7105:Anti-indigenous racism
7011:Romanticism in science
6966:Middle Ages in history
6961:List of Romantic poets
5673:Josiah Gilbert Holland
4042:Manic Pixie Dream Girl
3466:By ethics and morality
3066:New York: Free Press.
3040:Boas, George ( 1997).
3033:Boas, George ( 1966).
3015:From Dawn to Decadence
2566:Lovejoy (1960), p. 36.
2535:Lovejoy (1960), p. 24.
2259:The Southern Quarterly
1946:A High Wind in Jamaica
1896:Master-slave dialectic
1573:
1558:
1519:
1507:
1466:
1409:
1338:
1282:
1262:
1192:
1175:savage state of nature
1145:
1080:
1036:
1006:
936:
897:Uses of the stereotype
808:
792:
716:
643:Bartolomé de las Casas
490:
447:
402:
314:sentimental literature
300:
285:
251:
207:
140:centralized government
6981:Romantic epistemology
6971:Opium and Romanticism
5540:StojadinoviÄ-Srpkinja
4766:Counter-Enlightenment
3363:Wolf, Eric R.(1982).
3246:Moore, Grace (2004).
2910:Malcolm, Ian (2002).
2660:. Epress.anu.edu.au.
2397:Kenny, Kevin (2009).
2229:How to Read Montaigne
2194:(1988) KILTV, p. 419.
1724:cultural assimilation
1645:, rely upon a strong
1576:Theories of racialism
1568:
1566:of the noble savage:
1545:
1513:
1497:
1421:
1406:vengeances terribles.
1369:
1330:
1291:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1276:
1269:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1258:
1248:In his 1784 pamphlet
1146:
1108:
1067:
1022:
958:
922:
864:narrative conventions
802:
745:
707:
492:Moreover, during the
466:
434:
370:
344:James Fenimore Cooper
330:British North America
290:
275:
245:
201:
7045:Age of Enlightenment
4687:England (literature)
3243:, vol. 1. Baltimore.
2858:Keely, Lawrence H.
2838:Current Anthropology
2217:Essay "Of Cannibals"
2141:Barnett, Louise, in
2090:Current Anthropology
2006:"The noble savage",
1639:Anarcho-primitivists
1541:racialist stereotype
926:natural state of man
902:Romantic primitivism
837:plantation colonists
833:Atlantic slave trade
732:Classical liberalism
695:burning at the stake
677:(1618â1648) and the
494:American Indian Wars
349:The Song of Hiawatha
346:, and the epic poem
227:" (1580), about the
37:For other uses, see
6996:Romantic psychology
4791:Hudson River School
4735:Sweden (literature)
4720:Russia (literature)
4256:Princess and dragon
4154:Princesse lointaine
3654:(servants, clowns:
3624:Gentleman detective
3028:Berkhofer, Robert F
2930:Scientific American
2731:Scientific American
2667:10.22459/FB.11.2008
2577:The Red Man's Bones
2433:. National Archives
2378:. National Archives
1989:Informational notes
1901:Primitive Communism
1886:Cultural relativism
1862:Uncontacted peoples
1822:Positive stereotype
1659:Richard Borshay Lee
1617:Modern perspectives
1535:used as a means of
1120:primitive Communism
883:Oroonoko: A Tragedy
805:Oroonoko: A Tragedy
782:personal feelings.
740:Western philosophic
720:cultural relativism
610:stereotypes of the
538:cultural stereotype
509:Cultural stereotype
332:was the geographic
297:Jonathan Richardson
233:Michel de Montaigne
4981:White Mountain art
4922:Historical fiction
4730:Spain (literature)
4541:Identity formation
4331:American mappillai
4243:Damsel in distress
4025:Magical girlfriend
3930:(wealthy old men,
3400:. April / May 2009
3216:Lovejoy, Arthur O.
3191:New York: Norton.
3096:Fabian, Johannes.
2954:www.thecrimson.com
2899:Aboriginal History
2813:on 31 January 2009
2589:"The Noble Savage"
2453:Johansen, Bruce E.
2356:J.B. Bury (2008).
2314:Smollett, Tobias,
1924:Cultural examples:
1753:American Southwest
1749:Harvard University
1729:In the 2003 book,
1708:designer tribalism
1692:Lawrence H. Keeley
1520:
1508:
1485:Charles Baudelaire
1283:
874:adapted the novel
809:
594:to dehumanise the
448:
310:nature's gentleman
301:
265:English literature
252:
208:
172:moral sense theory
168:nature's gentleman
93:to denote a human
87:Stuart Restoration
7100:Cultural concepts
7072:
7071:
6986:Romantic medicine
6956:List of romantics
6395:
6394:
6046:Felix Mendelssohn
6041:Fanny Mendelssohn
5852:
5851:
5566:RosalĂa de Castro
5504:Soares dos Passos
4852:Transcendentalism
4816:Nazarene movement
4776:DĂŒsseldorf School
4634:
4633:
4630:
4629:
4511:Adolescent clique
4491:
4490:
4487:
4486:
4483:
4482:
4264:
4263:
4000:Farmer's daughter
3969:By sex and gender
3959:
3958:
3955:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3742:
3741:
3601:
3600:
3522:Mythological king
3275:978-0-415-27319-0
3197:978-0-393-32100-5
3072:978-0-02-908925-5
3002:Barnett, Louise.
2974:"Ignoble Savages"
2875:, September 2001.
2342:See Paul Hazard,
1980:
1979:
1959:Lord of the Flies
1664:primitive society
1594:scientific racism
1592:as an example of
1310:Moreover, as the
1195:Benjamin Franklin
1141:The European Mind
1063:absolute monarchy
803:In the stageplay
675:Thirty Years' War
661:Kingdom of France
651:Valladolid debate
552:The 12th-century
542:travel literature
436:The Noble savage:
136:absolute monarchy
68:of the stageplay
16:(Redirected from
7122:
7090:Multiculturalism
7085:Stock characters
7062:
7061:
7021:Evolution theory
5863:
5862:
4996:
4995:
4857:Ukrainian school
4661:
4654:
4647:
4638:
4637:
4557:Little green men
4546:Imaginary friend
4497:
4496:
4453:
4275:
4274:
4215:Mammy stereotype
4169:Yamato nadeshiko
3985:
3984:
3976:
3975:
3965:
3964:
3840:Bug-eyed monster
3804:Social Darwinist
3753:
3752:
3729:Good cop/bad cop
3612:
3611:
3482:
3481:
3473:
3472:
3462:
3461:
3436:Stock characters
3429:
3422:
3415:
3406:
3405:
3164:
2989:
2988:
2986:
2985:
2970:
2964:
2963:
2961:
2960:
2946:
2940:
2939:
2937:
2936:
2921:
2915:
2908:
2902:
2895:
2889:
2882:
2876:
2869:
2863:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2818:
2803:
2797:
2796:
2794:
2792:
2777:
2768:
2767:
2765:
2763:
2748:
2742:
2741:
2739:
2737:
2722:
2716:
2715:
2694:
2688:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2669:
2651:
2645:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2627:
2624:
2618:
2615:
2609:
2606:
2600:
2597:
2591:
2586:
2580:
2573:
2567:
2564:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2542:
2536:
2533:
2527:
2524:
2518:
2507:Modern Philology
2499:
2493:
2490:
2484:
2481:
2475:
2474:
2449:
2443:
2442:
2440:
2438:
2423:
2417:
2416:
2404:
2394:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2353:
2347:
2340:
2334:
2327:
2321:
2312:
2306:
2299:
2293:
2286:
2280:
2273:
2267:
2266:
2254:
2248:
2240:El Kenz, David.
2238:
2232:
2225:
2219:
2214:
2208:
2203:Anthony Pagden,
2201:
2195:
2188:
2182:
2164:
2158:
2152:
2146:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2121:
2115:
2108:
2102:
2101:
2081:
2075:
2068:
2062:
2057:Harrison, Ross.
2055:
2046:
2043:
2037:
2036:
2017:
2011:
2004:
1832:Racial fetishism
1764:
1669:social hierarchy
1655:Marshall Sahlins
1590:the noble savage
1539:a person into a
1491:and manliness."
1451:
1443:
1438:
1403:
1387:
1318:Jacobin radicals
1203:massacre of the
1190:
1180:
1171:
1143:
1133:
1125:
1117:
1112:Natural Religion
1078:
1049:hard primitivism
1045:soft primitivism
1034:
1004:
990:
985:
981:
977:
967:
963:
946:François Fénelon
934:
872:Thomas Southerne
866:of the European
781:
777:
762:
753:
703:moral philosophy
687:TupinambĂĄ people
655:social etiquette
582:Kingdom of Spain
572:natural theology
514:The Roman Empire
498:Cheyenne Indians
422:natural religion
408:was an abstract
229:TupinambĂĄ people
149:Native Americans
21:
7130:
7129:
7125:
7124:
7123:
7121:
7120:
7119:
7075:
7074:
7073:
7068:
7067:
7056:
7048:
7034:
6991:Romantic poetry
6976:Romantic ballet
6951:German idealism
6934:
6900:Lacoue-Labarthe
6826:
6573:
6391:
6340:
6309:
6290:Rimsky-Korsakov
6233:
6182:
6131:
6090:
5999:
5943:
5907:
5848:
5697:
5641:
5590:
5549:
5508:
5462:
5404:
5345:Maria Edgeworth
5281:
5274:
5153:
5075:
4985:
4964:Romantic genius
4894:Gesamtkunstwerk
4871:
4832:Sturm und Drang
4739:
4670:
4665:
4635:
4626:
4502:
4479:
4456:
4429:
4398:
4381:Prince Charming
4375:
4371:Superfluous man
4366:Nice Jewish boy
4319:
4296:
4260:
4237:
4219:
4202:Lady-in-waiting
4196:
4173:
4140:
4112:
4084:
4070:Fairy godmother
4046:
3970:
3947:
3886:
3826:
3798:
3769:
3738:
3717:
3696:Gentleman thief
3677:
3670: and
3638:
3597:
3569:
3541:
3467:
3456:
3438:
3433:
3386:The Blank Slate
3375:
3370:
3280:Pagden, Anthony
3010:Barzun, Jacques
2996:Further reading
2993:
2992:
2983:
2981:
2978:National Review
2972:
2971:
2967:
2958:
2956:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2934:
2932:
2922:
2918:
2909:
2905:
2896:
2892:
2883:
2879:
2870:
2866:
2857:
2853:
2830:
2826:
2816:
2814:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2790:
2788:
2787:on 2 April 2009
2779:
2778:
2771:
2761:
2759:
2749:
2745:
2735:
2733:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2695:
2691:
2682:
2680:
2678:
2652:
2648:
2643:
2639:
2634:
2630:
2625:
2621:
2616:
2612:
2607:
2603:
2598:
2594:
2587:
2583:
2579:(0000), p. 326.
2574:
2570:
2565:
2561:
2556:
2552:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2525:
2521:
2500:
2496:
2491:
2487:
2482:
2478:
2471:
2450:
2446:
2436:
2434:
2431:Founders Online
2425:
2424:
2420:
2413:
2395:
2391:
2381:
2379:
2376:Founders Online
2370:
2369:
2365:
2354:
2350:
2341:
2337:
2328:
2324:
2313:
2309:
2300:
2296:
2287:
2283:
2274:
2270:
2255:
2251:
2239:
2235:
2227:Cave, Terence.
2226:
2222:
2215:
2211:
2202:
2198:
2189:
2185:
2165:
2161:
2153:
2149:
2140:
2136:
2127:
2122:
2118:
2109:
2105:
2082:
2078:
2069:
2065:
2056:
2049:
2044:
2040:
2034:
2018:
2014:
2005:
2001:
1986:
1981:
1939:Brave New World
1931:The Blue Lagoon
1911:State of nature
1906:Social progress
1837:Romantic racism
1803:Objectification
1761:
1682:
1647:ethical dualism
1624:
1619:
1609:term to modern
1578:
1552:
1548:
1476:Household Words
1471:
1469:Charles Dickens
1413:social contract
1301:state of nature
1271:
1197:
1191:
1185:
1144:
1138:
1079:
1074:
1041:
1035:
1029:
1018:Tobias Smollett
1005:
998:
991:
970:
935:
932:
920:explains that:
904:
899:
845:slave rebellion
797:
663:
584:
564:កayy ibn YaqáșÄn
550:
516:
511:
479:
478:
442:(woodwose) who
406:American Indian
401:
398:
396:
394:
392:
390:
388:
386:
384:
382:
380:
378:
376:
374:
362:An Essay on Man
334:locus classicus
284:
281:
279:
217:stock character
204:stock character
196:
180:romanticisation
144:state of nature
78:represents the
62:stock character
42:
35:
28:
27:Stock character
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
7128:
7118:
7117:
7112:
7107:
7102:
7097:
7092:
7087:
7070:
7069:
7049:
7041:
7040:
7039:
7036:
7035:
7033:
7032:
7025:
7024:
7023:
7018:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6942:
6940:
6939:Related topics
6936:
6935:
6933:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6867:
6862:
6857:
6852:
6847:
6842:
6836:
6834:
6828:
6827:
6825:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6789:
6784:
6779:
6774:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6754:
6749:
6744:
6739:
6734:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6694:
6689:
6684:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6667:Gallen-Kallela
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6642:David d'Angers
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6583:
6581:
6579:Visual artists
6575:
6574:
6572:
6571:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6539:Schleiermacher
6536:
6531:
6526:
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5804:OehlenschlÀger
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5474:Castelo Branco
5470:
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5200:Brothers Grimm
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4924:
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4902:
4900:Gothic fiction
4897:
4890:
4888:British Marine
4885:
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4859:
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4786:Gothic revival
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4609:
4607:Tragic mulatto
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4582:Shoulder angel
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4553:("The Lovers")
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4159:Southern belle
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4128:
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4090:Hawksian woman
4086:
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4017:
4012:
4007:
4005:Girl next door
4002:
3997:
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3960:
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3918:Masked villain
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3443:
3440:
3439:
3432:
3431:
3424:
3417:
3409:
3403:
3402:
3393:
3390:The New Yorker
3381:
3374:
3373:External links
3371:
3369:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3347:
3340:
3333:
3322:
3309:Sandall, Roger
3306:
3290:Pinker, Steven
3287:
3277:
3251:
3244:
3237:
3223:
3213:
3199:
3185:
3175:
3165:
3137:10.1086/424234
3114:
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3100:
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2846:10.1086/728171
2824:
2798:
2769:
2743:
2717:
2711:978-0190232467
2710:
2689:
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2619:
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2592:
2581:
2568:
2559:
2550:
2537:
2528:
2519:
2501:Lovejoy, A.O.
2494:
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2444:
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2348:
2335:
2322:
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2249:
2233:
2220:
2209:
2196:
2190:Borsboom, Ad.
2183:
2159:
2147:
2134:
2116:
2110:Noble savage,
2103:
2098:10.1086/728171
2076:
2072:The Dickensian
2063:
2047:
2038:
2032:
2012:
1998:
1997:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1970:Plastic shaman
1967:
1962:
1955:
1950:
1942:
1935:
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1898:
1893:
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1842:Virtuous pagan
1839:
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1812:
1811:
1810:
1805:
1800:
1795:
1790:
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1762:
1760:
1757:
1737:Steven LeBlanc
1681:
1678:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1577:
1574:
1470:
1467:
1398:l'amour propre
1392:'s natives of
1270:
1267:
1196:
1193:
1183:
1136:
1096:Wyandot people
1072:
1040:
1037:
1027:
996:
948:presented the
930:
918:Erwin Panofsky
903:
900:
898:
895:
796:
793:
662:
659:
583:
580:
549:
546:
515:
512:
510:
507:
462:Horace Greeley
455:Like Dryden's
453:
452:
371:
366:Alexander Pope
306:
305:
276:
257:
256:
213:
212:
195:
192:
138:and justified
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7127:
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5772:
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5759:Nikolai Gogol
5757:
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5518:
5517:
5515:
5511:
5505:
5502:
5500:
5497:
5495:
5492:
5490:
5487:
5485:
5482:
5480:
5477:
5475:
5472:
5471:
5469:
5465:
5459:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5441:
5439:
5436:
5434:
5431:
5429:
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5421:
5419:
5416:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5407:
5401:
5398:
5396:
5393:
5391:
5390:P. B. Shelley
5388:
5386:
5383:
5381:
5378:
5376:
5373:
5371:
5370:Mary Robinson
5368:
5366:
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5361:
5358:
5356:
5353:
5351:
5348:
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5341:
5338:
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5318:
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5127:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
5107:
5105:
5102:
5100:
5099:Chateaubriand
5097:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5086:
5084:
5082:
5078:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
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5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5003:
5001:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4988:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4976:
4972:
4970:
4967:
4965:
4962:
4960:
4957:
4955:
4952:
4950:
4947:
4945:
4942:
4940:
4937:
4935:
4932:
4930:
4929:
4928:Mal du siĂšcle
4925:
4923:
4920:
4916:
4913:
4911:
4908:
4907:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4895:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4880:
4878:
4874:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
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4843:
4841:
4838:
4834:
4833:
4829:
4828:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4812:
4809:
4807:
4804:
4802:
4799:
4797:
4794:
4792:
4789:
4787:
4784:
4782:
4779:
4777:
4774:
4772:
4769:
4767:
4764:
4762:
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4742:
4736:
4733:
4731:
4728:
4726:
4723:
4721:
4718:
4716:
4713:
4711:
4708:
4706:
4703:
4701:
4698:
4696:
4693:
4690:
4688:
4685:
4683:
4680:
4679:
4677:
4673:
4669:
4662:
4657:
4655:
4650:
4648:
4643:
4642:
4639:
4623:
4620:
4618:
4617:Village idiot
4615:
4613:
4610:
4608:
4605:
4603:
4600:
4598:
4595:
4593:
4590:
4588:
4585:
4583:
4580:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4562:Magical Negro
4560:
4558:
4555:
4552:
4549:
4547:
4544:
4542:
4539:
4537:
4534:
4532:
4529:
4527:
4524:
4522:
4519:
4517:
4514:
4512:
4509:
4508:
4505:
4498:
4494:
4476:
4473:
4471:
4468:
4467:
4465:
4463:
4459:
4452:
4451:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4440:
4438:
4436:
4432:
4426:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4416:
4413:
4411:
4408:
4407:
4405:
4401:
4395:
4394:Knight-errant
4392:
4390:
4387:
4386:
4384:
4382:
4378:
4372:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4356:Little Johnny
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4341:Ivan the Fool
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4328:
4326:
4322:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4307:
4305:
4303:
4302:Father figure
4299:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4284:
4282:
4280:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4248:
4246:
4244:
4240:
4234:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4226:
4222:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4205:
4203:
4199:
4193:
4190:
4188:
4185:
4184:
4182:
4180:
4176:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4160:
4157:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4143:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4129:
4127:
4124:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4118:Woman warrior
4115:
4109:
4106:
4104:
4101:
4099:
4096:
4095:
4093:
4091:
4087:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4071:
4068:
4066:
4063:
4061:
4058:
4057:
4055:
4053:
4049:
4043:
4040:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4027:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3996:
3993:
3992:
3990:
3988:Love interest
3986:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3973:
3966:
3962:
3943:
3940:
3937:
3933:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3881:
3878:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3865:Swamp monster
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3837:
3835:
3833:
3829:
3823:
3820:
3818:
3817:Mad scientist
3815:
3813:
3810:
3809:
3807:
3805:
3801:
3795:
3792:
3790:
3787:
3785:
3782:
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3772:
3766:
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3758:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3745:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3727:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3704:
3703:
3702:
3699:
3697:
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3688:
3686:
3684:
3680:
3673:
3669:
3665:
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3657:
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3650:
3649:
3647:
3645:
3641:
3635:
3632:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3617:
3616:Lovable rogue
3613:
3610:
3608:
3604:
3592:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3586:Super soldier
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3576:
3572:
3566:
3563:
3561:
3558:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3548:
3544:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3512:Knight-errant
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3497:Christ figure
3495:
3493:
3490:
3489:
3487:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3463:
3459:
3453:
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3359:
3355:
3352:
3348:
3345:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3327:
3323:
3321:
3320:0-8133-3863-8
3317:
3314:
3310:
3307:
3305:
3304:0-670-03151-8
3301:
3297:
3296:
3291:
3288:
3285:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3267:0-415-27319-6
3264:
3260:
3256:
3252:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3238:
3236:
3235:0-374-95130-6
3232:
3228:
3224:
3221:
3217:
3214:
3212:
3211:0-312-31089-7
3208:
3204:
3200:
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2754:
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2732:
2728:
2721:
2713:
2707:
2703:
2702:
2693:
2679:
2677:9781921536007
2673:
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2523:
2516:
2512:
2508:
2504:
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2489:
2480:
2472:
2470:9780876451113
2466:
2462:
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2454:
2448:
2432:
2428:
2422:
2414:
2412:9780199753949
2408:
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2247:
2243:
2237:
2230:
2224:
2218:
2213:
2206:
2200:
2193:
2187:
2180:
2179:0-7391-1989-3
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2156:
2151:
2144:
2138:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2113:
2107:
2099:
2095:
2091:
2087:
2080:
2073:
2067:
2060:
2054:
2052:
2042:
2035:
2033:9780822975991
2029:
2025:
2024:
2016:
2009:
2003:
1999:
1996:
1995:
1991:
1990:
1976:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1965:Magical Negro
1963:
1961:
1960:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1947:
1943:
1941:
1940:
1936:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
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1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1704:Roger Sandall
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1688:
1677:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1652:
1648:
1644:
1640:
1636:
1634:
1630:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1583:
1582:John Crawfurd
1572:
1567:
1565:
1564:
1557:
1553:
1549:
1544:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1530:
1526:
1517:
1512:
1505:
1501:
1500:George Catlin
1496:
1492:
1490:
1486:
1482:
1481:George Catlin
1478:
1477:
1465:
1463:
1459:
1455:
1447:
1434:
1430:
1426:
1420:
1418:
1414:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1383:
1378:
1377:primitivistic
1374:
1368:
1365:
1363:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1337:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1319:
1315:
1314:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1298:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1280:
1275:
1266:
1261:
1257:
1255:
1251:
1246:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1228:
1225:
1221:
1216:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1205:Susquehannock
1202:
1189:
1182:
1176:
1167:
1166:negro slavery
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1142:
1139:Paul Hazard,
1135:
1129:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1105:
1101:
1097:
1093:
1089:
1085:
1077:
1071:
1066:
1064:
1060:
1059:Thomas Hobbes
1056:
1055:
1050:
1046:
1039:Thomas Hobbes
1032:
1026:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1002:
995:
992:
971:
957:
955:
951:
947:
943:
942:
938:In the novel
929:
927:
921:
919:
915:
911:
910:
894:
892:
888:
884:
881:
877:
873:
869:
868:romance novel
865:
861:
857:
853:
852:popular novel
848:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
821:
816:
815:
806:
801:
791:
789:
788:Louvre Palace
783:
773:
769:
763:
757:
750:
744:
741:
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
715:
713:
706:
704:
700:
696:
692:
688:
684:
680:
676:
672:
668:
658:
656:
652:
648:
644:
641:, the priest
640:
636:
632:
627:
625:
621:
617:
613:
609:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
579:
577:
573:
569:
565:
561:
560:
555:
545:
543:
539:
535:
531:
527:
523:
522:
506:
503:
499:
495:
489:
487:
483:
476:
472:
465:
463:
458:
450:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
400:
369:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
350:
345:
341:
340:
335:
331:
326:
324:
320:
315:
311:
303:
302:
298:
294:
289:
283:
274:
272:
271:
266:
262:
254:
253:
249:
244:
240:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:
209:
205:
200:
191:
187:
185:
181:
177:
173:
169:
166:then denoted
165:
160:
158:
154:
150:
145:
141:
137:
133:
132:
127:
123:
118:
116:
112:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
81:
77:
73:
72:
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
40:
33:
19:
7095:Anthropology
7057:
7050:
7043:
7027:
6747:Porto-Alegre
6401:Philosophers
6285:Rachmaninoff
5734:Chavchavadze
5724:Baratashvili
5484:JoĂŁo de Deus
5453:Wincenty Pol
5245:KĂŒchelbecker
4973:
4939:Noble savage
4926:
4892:
4867:Wallenrodism
4844:
4830:
4761:Coppet group
4695:(literature)
4622:White savior
4592:Straight man
4526:Dragonslayer
4475:Black knight
4443:Seme and uke
4425:Mountain man
4415:Noble savage
4310:Wise old man
4131:Magical girl
4103:Femme fatale
4080:Loathly lady
4035:Monster girl
3880:Nazi zombies
3855:Monster girl
3822:Supervillain
3784:Double agent
3757:Antivillains
3711:Space pirate
3644:Tricky slave
3591:Space marine
3555:Byronic hero
3537:Youngest son
3485:Classic hero
3397:
3389:
3385:
3364:
3357:
3350:
3343:
3336:
3329:
3312:
3293:
3283:
3254:
3247:
3240:
3226:
3219:
3202:
3188:
3178:
3171:
3168:Hazard, Paul
3124:
3120:American Art
3118:
3110:
3103:
3097:
3090:
3082:
3063:
3055:
3041:
3034:
3023:
3013:
3003:
2995:
2994:
2982:. Retrieved
2980:. 2006-05-25
2977:
2968:
2957:. Retrieved
2953:
2944:
2933:. Retrieved
2929:
2919:
2911:
2906:
2898:
2893:
2885:
2880:
2872:
2867:
2859:
2854:
2837:
2827:
2815:. Retrieved
2811:the original
2801:
2789:. Retrieved
2785:the original
2760:. Retrieved
2756:
2746:
2734:. Retrieved
2730:
2720:
2700:
2692:
2681:. Retrieved
2656:
2649:
2640:
2631:
2622:
2613:
2604:
2595:
2584:
2576:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2545:
2540:
2531:
2522:
2510:
2506:
2502:
2497:
2488:
2479:
2460:
2447:
2435:. Retrieved
2430:
2421:
2400:
2392:
2380:. Retrieved
2375:
2366:
2357:
2351:
2343:
2338:
2330:
2325:
2315:
2310:
2302:
2297:
2289:
2284:
2276:
2271:
2262:
2258:
2252:
2241:
2236:
2228:
2223:
2212:
2204:
2199:
2191:
2186:
2170:
2167:Attar, Samar
2162:
2154:
2150:
2142:
2137:
2123:
2119:
2111:
2106:
2089:
2079:
2071:
2066:
2058:
2041:
2022:
2015:
2007:
2002:
1993:
1992:
1988:
1987:
1974:
1957:
1945:
1937:
1930:
1923:
1922:
1916:Xenocentrism
1874:
1873:
1867:Isolationism
1798:Neotribalism
1775:
1731:
1728:
1715:
1712:romanticised
1710:, a form of
1707:
1700:noble savage
1699:
1685:
1683:
1674:
1662:
1651:civilization
1637:
1625:
1611:anthropology
1607:noble savage
1606:
1600:â that each
1589:
1579:
1569:
1561:
1559:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1533:noble savage
1532:
1521:
1504:William Fisk
1499:
1474:
1472:
1452:in pride of
1446:amour propre
1445:
1432:
1422:
1419:, Rousseau:
1416:
1410:
1405:
1397:
1381:
1372:
1370:
1366:
1362:amour propre
1361:
1358:
1353:
1350:intelligence
1345:
1341:
1339:
1333:
1331:
1325:
1322:noble savage
1321:
1311:
1309:
1304:
1294:
1286:
1284:
1279:Allan Ramsay
1265:"savagery".
1263:
1259:
1253:
1249:
1247:
1220:Philadelphia
1217:
1212:
1198:
1187:
1161:
1147:
1140:
1127:
1109:
1098:), ascribed
1081:
1075:
1068:
1052:
1048:
1044:
1042:
1030:
1023:
1010:noble savage
1009:
1007:
1000:
993:
972:
959:
950:noble savage
949:
939:
937:
923:
914:noble savage
913:
907:
905:
882:
875:
855:
849:
818:
812:
810:
804:
784:
768:aristocratic
764:
748:
746:
717:
708:
699:Terence Cave
690:
683:Of Cannibals
670:
666:
664:
646:
631:conquistador
628:
623:
619:
615:
612:noble savage
611:
608:dehumanizing
595:
591:
585:
575:
563:
557:
551:
534:noble savage
533:
525:
519:
517:
501:
491:
486:Potawatamies
467:
457:noble savage
456:
454:
451:19th century
435:
420:, a form of
413:
403:
372:
347:
337:
333:
327:
319:Sancho Panza
309:
307:
304:18th century
277:
268:
261:noble savage
260:
258:
255:17th century
247:
236:
225:Of Cannibals
221:noble savage
220:
214:
211:16th century
203:
188:
167:
164:noble savage
163:
161:
129:
121:
119:
102:
98:
94:
90:
84:
80:noble savage
79:
69:
66:heroic drama
60:refers to a
57:
46:anthropology
43:
18:Noble savage
6737:MichaĆowski
6569:Wackenroder
6534:F. Schlegel
6529:A. Schlegel
6305:Tchaikovsky
6194:Bortkiewicz
6066:R. Schumann
6061:C. Schumann
6026:Kalkbrenner
5995:Saint-Saëns
5300:Anne Brontë
5185:Eichendorff
5170:B. v. Arnim
5165:A. v. Arnim
4975:Weltschmerz
4934:Medievalism
4883:Blue flower
4811:Nationalist
4756:Bohemianism
4668:Romanticism
4567:Mole people
4410:Feral child
4292:Scaramouche
4164:Valley girl
4126:Jungle girl
4098:Dragon Lady
4075:La Ruffiana
4020:Loosu ponnu
3942:Il Capitano
3565:Tragic hero
3517:Legacy hero
3492:Action hero
2886:The Gazette
2817:13 November
2791:13 November
1847:Feral child
1817:Pelagianism
1808:Orientalism
1778:(Montaigne)
1745:archaeology
1735:written by
1643:John Zerzan
1458:nationality
1235:associators
1201:Paxton Boys
1186:J.B. Bury,
1158:Abbé Raynal
1154:Montesquieu
1104:egalitarian
1057:(1651), by
854:for money,
829:Coramantien
823:(1688), by
724:cannibalism
671:good savage
358:primitivism
352:(1855), by
342:(1826), by
237:bon sauvage
184:Primitivism
76:John Dryden
44:In Western
7079:Categories
6612:Chassériau
6587:Aivazovsky
6295:Rubinstein
6280:Mussorgsky
6229:Wieniawski
6214:Paderewski
6056:Moszkowski
5839:Vörösmarty
5829:Shevchenko
5683:Longfellow
5607:Batyushkov
5602:Baratynsky
5571:Espronceda
5438:Mickiewicz
5433:Malczewski
5400:Wordsworth
5385:M. Shelley
5340:de Quincey
5205:GĂŒnderrode
5089:Baudelaire
4969:Wanderlust
4806:Lake Poets
4602:Town drunk
4551:Innamorati
4251:Final girl
4233:Gamer girl
3936:Il Dottore
3908:Folk devil
3850:Killer toy
3845:Evil clown
3765:False hero
3706:Air pirate
3668:Pulcinella
3398:Book Forum
3250:. Ashgate.
3106:(New York)
3083:Our Legacy
3051:Bury, J.B.
2984:2024-09-04
2959:2024-09-04
2935:2024-09-04
2683:2009-02-23
2544:Rousseau,
2505:(1923) in
2265:: 196â206.
1984:References
1891:Golden Age
1696:golden age
1598:polygenism
1586:James Hunt
1516:Sha-cĂł-pay
1429:Mandeville
1390:Aphra Behn
1313:philosophe
1243:Germantown
1237:including
969:fugitives.
880:stage play
825:Aphra Behn
795:Literature
568:Ibn Tufail
554:Andalusian
548:Al-Andalus
475:Longfellow
299:, c. 1736)
95:wild beast
54:literature
50:philosophy
7052:Modernism
6712:Kiprensky
6672:GĂ©ricault
6657:Friedrich
6647:Delacroix
6622:Constable
6602:Bonington
6592:Bierstadt
6544:Senancour
6519:Schelling
6474:Lamennais
6469:Khomyakov
6434:Coleridge
6429:Chaadayev
6336:StankoviÄ
6331:Mokranjac
6250:Balakirev
6209:Moniuszko
6158:Donizetti
6153:Cherubini
6051:Meyerbeer
6036:Marschner
6011:Beethoven
5924:Moscheles
5858:Musicians
5844:Wergeland
5809:Orbeliani
5764:Grundtvig
5668:Hawthorne
5637:Zhukovsky
5632:Vyazemsky
5617:Lermontov
5576:Gutiérrez
5535:RadiÄeviÄ
5499:Herculano
5423:KrasiĆski
5365:Radcliffe
5335:Coleridge
5310:E. Brontë
5305:C. Brontë
5235:Jean Paul
5230:Hölderlin
5119:Lamartine
5056:MagalhĂŁes
5046:GuimarĂŁes
4954:Pantheism
4944:Nostalgia
4796:Indianism
4744:Movements
4675:Countries
4612:Truck-kun
4516:Barbarian
4450:Otokonoko
4403:Primitive
4279:Harlequin
4270:Masculine
4225:Geek girl
4210:Columbina
4146:Queen bee
3932:Pantalone
3903:Archenemy
3812:Dark lord
3794:Terrorist
3789:Evil twin
3660:Brighella
3656:Harlequin
3634:Trickster
3581:Cyberhero
3560:Man alone
3532:Superhero
3507:Folk hero
3452:Archetype
3353:(Chicago)
3298:. Viking
3259:Routledge
3170:( 1947).
3161:162205173
3145:1549-6503
3131:: 72â85.
3080:Website:
2331:Leviathan
1994:Citations
1875:Concepts:
1857:Human zoo
1783:Exoticism
1741:professor
1720:tradition
1425:intellect
1084:Louis XIV
1076:Leviathan
878:into the
647:indigĂšnes
600:New World
596:indigĂšnes
482:Delawares
131:Leviathan
115:intellect
7064:Category
6880:Dahlhaus
6865:Blanning
6832:Scholars
6802:Tropinin
6797:Tidemand
6787:Stattler
6782:Scheffer
6682:GĆowacki
6652:Edelfelt
6607:Bryullov
6549:Snellman
6524:Schiller
6514:Rousseau
6494:Michelet
6439:Constant
6409:Belinsky
6382:Sibelius
6326:KonjoviÄ
6300:Scriabin
6270:Lyapunov
6204:LipiĆski
6173:Spontini
6163:Paganini
6107:Goldmark
5898:Thalberg
5893:Schubert
5873:Bruckner
5834:Topelius
5824:Runeberg
5814:PreĆĄeren
5784:Leopardi
5749:Frashëri
5739:Eminescu
5719:Andersen
5627:Tyutchev
5612:Karamzin
5586:Zorrilla
5581:Saavedra
5479:Castilho
5467:Portugal
5458:SĆowacki
5360:Polidori
5290:Barbauld
5225:Hoffmann
5180:Brentano
5094:Bertrand
4915:Romantic
4751:Ancients
4725:Scotland
4597:Tokenism
4587:Sidekick
4577:Redshirt
4572:Pop icon
4389:BishĆnen
4361:Nice guy
4108:Tsundere
4060:Cat lady
3980:Feminine
3870:Vampires
3860:Skeleton
3832:Monsters
3748:Villains
3547:Antihero
3502:Everyman
3311:(2001).
3292:(2002).
3282:(1982).
3053:(1920).
3012:(2000).
2575:Eisler,
2455:(1982).
1881:Alterity
1852:Wild man
1759:See also
1716:indigĂšne
1537:Othering
1489:nobility
1373:jeunesse
1289:(1699),
1224:Moravian
1184:â
1150:Voltaire
1137:â
1088:Louis XV
1073:â
1028:â
997:â
931:â
909:Germania
876:Oroonoko
856:Oroonoko
691:wild man
669:and the
624:wild man
622:and the
616:indigĂšne
614:and the
576:wild man
440:wild men
176:oxymoron
111:morality
99:wild man
74:(1672),
6905:Lovejoy
6840:Abraham
6762:Richard
6752:Préault
6677:Girodet
6559:Thoreau
6504:Novalis
6489:Mazzini
6484:Maistre
6459:Hazlitt
6444:Emerson
6424:Carlyle
6414:Berchet
6357:Berwald
6352:Bennett
6321:HristiÄ
6275:Medtner
6255:Borodin
6245:Arensky
6168:Rossini
6143:Bellini
6122:Joachim
6095:Hungary
6076:Strauss
6004:Germany
5970:Berlioz
5939:VoĆĂĆĄek
5934:Smetana
5912:Czechia
5866:Austria
5799:Maturin
5794:Manzoni
5769:Heliade
5744:Foscolo
5714:Alfieri
5709:Abovian
5663:Emerson
5622:Pushkin
5561:BĂ©cquer
5494:Garrett
5448:Potocki
5395:Southey
5355:Maturin
5325:Carlyle
5282:Britain
5255:Novalis
5210:Gutzkow
5158:Germany
5124:Mérimée
5109:Gautier
5036:Barreto
5031:Azevedo
5011:Alencar
4991:Writers
4910:Byronic
4846:Purismo
4700:Germany
4682:Denmark
4470:Pachuco
4462:Bad boy
4420:Caveman
4287:Pierrot
4192:Laotong
4187:Class S
4030:Catgirl
4015:Ingénue
3995:BishĆjo
3928:Vecchio
3875:Zombies
3691:Bad boy
3672:Pierrot
3666:,
3664:Scapino
3662:,
3658:,
3527:Paladin
3153:3109196
2762:22 June
2736:22 June
1948:(novel)
1933:(novel)
1563:persona
1529:bushmen
1506:, 1849)
1394:Surinam
1384:human.
1340:In the
1316:of the
1305:méchant
1281:(1766)
1239:Quakers
1231:Mohican
1014:manners
860:slavery
841:Surinam
814:persona
747:In his
736:customs
712:torture
639:Chiapas
444:support
250:(1672).
219:of the
194:Origins
126:ethical
6930:Wellek
6910:de Man
6895:Janion
6885:Ferber
6860:Berlin
6855:Beiser
6850:Barzun
6845:Abrams
6822:Wiertz
6807:Turner
6757:RĂ©voil
6742:Palmer
6732:Martin
6727:Leutze
6702:Janmot
6662:Fuseli
6617:Church
6509:Quinet
6499:MĂŒller
6454:Goethe
6449:Fichte
6372:Franck
6314:Serbia
6265:Glinka
6238:Russia
6224:Tausig
6219:Stolpe
6199:Chopin
6187:Poland
6148:Busoni
6112:Heller
6081:Wagner
6016:Brahms
5990:Onslow
5980:Halévy
5948:France
5929:Reicha
5919:DvoĆĂĄk
5888:Mahler
5883:Hummel
5878:Czerny
5774:Isaacs
5754:Geijer
5688:Lowell
5678:Irving
5658:Cooper
5653:Bryant
5595:Russia
5530:NjegoĆĄ
5525:KostiÄ
5520:JakĆĄiÄ
5513:Serbia
5443:Norwid
5418:Fredro
5410:Poland
5380:Seward
5270:Uhland
5260:Schwab
5250:Mörike
5240:Kleist
5195:Goethe
5190:Fouqué
5139:Nodier
5134:Nerval
5129:Musset
5081:France
5071:Varela
5066:Taunay
5051:Macedo
4999:Brazil
4949:Ossian
4876:Themes
4715:Poland
4710:Norway
4692:France
4501:Others
4136:Virago
3898:Alazon
3701:Pirate
3683:Outlaw
3607:Rogues
3477:Heroes
3318:
3302:
3273:
3265:
3233:
3209:
3195:
3159:
3151:
3143:
3070:
2708:
2674:
2467:
2437:3 July
2409:
2382:3 July
2244:(2007)
2177:
2030:
1975:
1776:Essays
1629:UNESCO
1254:savage
1227:Lenape
1128:cretin
1033:(1771)
1003:(1699)
954:Nature
887:pathos
772:virtue
749:Essais
667:savage
620:savage
618:, the
592:savage
556:novel
471:Cooper
424:â the
323:Figaro
153:tribes
97:and a
91:savage
56:, the
52:, and
7016:Bacon
6925:Rosen
6920:Ricks
6915:Nancy
6875:Blume
6870:Bloom
6792:Stroy
6777:Saleh
6772:Runge
6722:Lampi
6707:Jones
6697:Hayez
6632:Corot
6597:Blake
6564:Tieck
6554:Staël
6479:Larra
6464:Hegel
6419:Burke
6377:Grieg
6367:Field
6362:Elgar
6345:Other
6178:Verdi
6136:Italy
6127:Liszt
6117:Hubay
6102:Erkel
6086:Weber
6071:Spohr
6031:Loewe
6021:Bruch
5985:MĂ©hul
5975:Fauré
5965:Auber
5960:Alkan
5819:Raffi
5789:MĂĄcha
5779:Lenau
5729:Botev
5702:Other
5554:Spain
5489:Dinis
5375:Scott
5350:Keats
5330:Clare
5320:Byron
5315:Burns
5295:Blake
5280:Great
5265:Tieck
5220:Heine
5215:Hauff
5149:Vigny
5144:Staël
5104:Dumas
5026:Assis
5021:Alves
5006:Abreu
4959:Rhine
4862:Ultra
4705:Japan
4531:Donor
4521:Clown
4336:Himbo
4324:Young
4065:Crone
3923:Miser
3891:Other
3722:Other
3652:Zanni
3574:Other
3388:from
3157:S2CID
3149:JSTOR
3127:(1).
2696:See:
2515:JSTOR
1462:class
1460:, of
1456:, of
1100:deist
418:deism
410:being
293:Other
157:clans
6890:Frye
6817:Ward
6812:Veit
6767:Rude
6717:Koch
6692:Gude
6687:Goya
6637:Dahl
6627:Cole
5955:Adam
5903:Wolf
5646:U.S.
5545:Zmaj
5175:Beer
5114:Hugo
5061:Reis
5041:Dias
4905:Hero
4840:Post
4801:Jena
4771:Dark
4536:Fool
4435:LGBT
4351:Jock
4346:Jack
4179:LGBT
3934:and
3913:Igor
3776:mole
3774:The
3734:Rake
3629:Jack
3447:List
3316:ISBN
3300:ISBN
3271:ISBN
3263:ISBN
3231:ISBN
3207:ISBN
3193:ISBN
3141:ISSN
3068:ISBN
2819:2011
2793:2011
2764:2021
2738:2021
2706:ISBN
2672:ISBN
2465:ISBN
2439:2023
2407:ISBN
2384:2023
2175:ISBN
2028:ISBN
1739:, a
1657:and
1602:race
1454:race
1229:and
1152:and
1102:and
1086:and
1047:and
728:folk
629:The
473:and
414:poor
321:and
215:The
155:and
6387:Sor
6260:Cui
5693:Poe
4826:Pre
4821:Neo
4052:Hag
3133:doi
2842:doi
2662:doi
2094:doi
1747:at
1743:of
1684:In
1631:'s
1450:...
1442:...
1437:...
1402:...
1386:...
1382:quĂą
1207:in
1179:...
1170:...
1160:'s
1132:...
1124:...
1116:...
989:...
984:...
980:...
976:...
966:...
962:...
839:in
780:...
776:...
761:...
752:...
295:. (
263:in
182:of
7081::
7042:â
3328:.
3269:,
3261:.
3155:.
3147:.
3139:.
3123:.
2976:.
2952:.
2928:.
2840:.
2836:.
2772:^
2755:.
2729:.
2670:.
2459:.
2429:.
2374:.
2263:55
2261:.
2169:,
2092:.
2088:.
2050:^
1114:.
956::
705::
500:,
484:,
48:,
7055:â
4660:e
4653:t
4646:v
3938:)
3674:)
3428:e
3421:t
3414:v
3163:.
3135::
3125:9
2987:.
2962:.
2938:.
2848:.
2844::
2821:.
2795:.
2766:.
2740:.
2714:.
2686:.
2664::
2517:.
2473:.
2441:.
2415:.
2386:.
2181:.
2131:.
2100:.
2096::
1464:.
562:(
524:(
41:.
34:.
20:)
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