767:
778:
4724:
590:
66:
5803:
5650:
5664:
679:
4615:
3109:
5616:(an association for the preservation and promotion of the language), the biggest threat to the existence of Luxembourgish is indeed French, since it is the language of most official documents and street signs in Luxembourg; this considerably weakens the possibility for Luxembourgish to be practiced by new speakers and learners. In most cases, this passively forces expats to learn French instead of Luxembourgish.
433:
4707:
681:
685:
684:
680:
5627:
declared itself to be hugely upset by this new governmental measure, citing that other airports in the world seem to have no problems making public announcements in multiple languages. According to a poll conducted by AL, 92.84% of the
Luxembourgish population wished to have public announcements to
997:) on 5 June 1946. This orthography provided a system for speakers of all varieties of Luxembourgish to transcribe words the way they pronounced them, rather than imposing a single, standard spelling for the words of the language. The rules explicitly rejected certain elements of German orthography (
717:
As
Luxembourgish has a maximum of some 285,000 native speakers, resources in the language like books, newspapers, magazines, television, internet etc. are limited. Since most Luxembourgers also speak Standard German and French, there is strong competition with these languages, which both have large
686:
973:
dialects). They can usually read the language to some degree. For those
Germans familiar with Moselle Franconian dialects, it is relatively easy to understand and speak Luxembourgish as far as the everyday vocabulary is concerned. The large number of French loanwords in Luxembourgish may hamper
5480:
Alain Atten also argues that the situation is even more dramatic, since the cited percentages take only the residents of
Luxembourg into account, excluding the 200,000 cross-border-workers present in the country on a daily basis. This group plays a major role in the daily use of languages in
5468:
argues that not only the absolute number of
Luxembourgish speakers should be considered when defining the status of a language, but also the proportion of speakers in a country. Noting that the proportion of native Luxembourgish speakers has decreased in recent decades, Atten believes that
1143:, published in 5 volumes between 1950 and 1977. The orthographic conventions adopted in this decades-long project, set out in Bruch (1955), provided the basis of the standard orthography that became official on 10 October 1975. Modifications to this standard were proposed by the
683:
5609:(historically a part of Luxembourg, today in Belgium), where the vast majority of the local population spoke Luxembourgish as a native language well into the 20th century. Today, Luxembourgish is nearly extinct in this region, having been replaced by French.
5430:
in
Luxembourg Studies at the university. The first class of students to study the language outside of the country as undergraduate students began their studies at the 'Centre for Luxembourg Studies' at Sheffield in the academic year 2011–2012.
627:. Another important language of Luxembourg is French, which had a certain influence on both the national language Luxembourgish and the Luxembourg national variety of German. Luxembourgish, German and French are the three official languages
945:
Increasing mobility of the population and the dissemination of the language through mass media such as radio and television are leading to a gradual standardisation towards a "Standard
Luxembourgish" through the process of
591:
67:
5488:(those since 2011) and show that the percentage of the population that is able to speak Luxembourgish has been constantly diminishing for years (The 200,000 cross-border workers are not included in this statistic):
646:. The status of Luxembourgish as the national language of Luxembourg and the existence there of a regulatory body have removed Luxembourgish, at least in part, from the domain of Standard German, its traditional
1145:
6236:
5474:
It is simple math, if there are about 70% foreigners and about 30% Luxembourgers (which is the case in
Luxembourg City), then it cannot possibly be said that Luxembourgish is thriving. That would be very
682:
2120:-deletion in certain contexts. The effects of this rule (known as the "Eifel Rule") are indicated in writing, and therefore must be taken into account when spelling words and morphemes ending in
706:, creating its own standard form in vocabulary, grammar, and spelling and therefore is seen today as an independent language. Luxembourgish managed to gain linguistic autonomy against a vigorous
5264:
in
Luxembourgish include both entirely new words, and the attachment of new meanings to old words in everyday speech. The most recent neologisms come from the English language in the fields of
6900:
4725:
4520:
These rules interact so that in subordinate clauses, the finite verb and any non-finite verbs must all cluster at the end. Luxembourgish allows different word orders in these cases:
879:. It is currently also the only political party in Luxembourg that wishes to implement written laws also in Luxembourgish and that wants Luxembourgish to be an officially recognized
7130:
5623:
would cease; it would only be using French and
English for future public announcements. This will cause Luxembourgish to go unused at Luxembourg Airport after many decades.
4029:
Like most varieties of colloquial German, but even more invariably, Luxembourgish uses definite articles with personal names. They are obligatory and not to be translated:
1149:
and adopted officially in the spelling reform of 30 July 1999. A detailed explanation of current practice for Luxembourgish can be found in Schanen & Lulling (2003).
7860:
6263:"De l'usage de la langue luxembourgeoise dans le contexte européen : Une question parlementaire de Fernand Kartheiser - Europaforum Luxembourg - Septembre 2010"
5744:). Since the more forward alveolo-palatal has replaced the palatal for almost all speakers, the allophone is used as before any non-velar consonant. So the word
6240:
615:
also used in the Grand Duchy. The German language exists in a national standard variety of Luxembourg, which is slightly different from the standard varieties in
6034:"The Saxons first arrived in Romania's Transylvania region in the 12th Century, but over the past few decades the community has all but vanished from the region"
969:
Spoken Luxembourgish is relatively hard to understand for speakers of German who are generally not familiar with Moselle Franconian dialects (or at least other
4130:
In attributive use, i.e. when placed before the noun they describe, they change their ending according to the grammatical gender, number and case of the noun:
3643:
in the dative. They are not used as indefinite articles, which—as in German and English—do not exist in the plural, but they do occur in the compound pronouns
2548:
occurs only in loanwords from Standard German. Just as for many native speakers of Standard German, it tends to be simplified to word-initially. For example,
6979:
991:
of Luxembourgish can be documented, going back to the middle of the 19th century. There was no officially recognised system until the adoption of the "OLO" (
864:
Moselle Franconian dialects outside the Luxembourg state border tend to have far fewer French loanwords, and these mostly remain from the French Revolution.
7177:
8744:
3700:("at the beginning of the week"). The functions of the genitive are normally expressed using a combination of the dative and a possessive determiner: e.g.
7364:
7354:
5687:
5453:. Even though the government claims that more people than ever are able to speak Luxembourgish, these are absolute numbers and often include the many
6183:
Moyse, François; Brasseur, Pierre; Scuto, Denis (2004). "Luxembourg". In Bauböck, Rainer; Ersbøll, Eva; Groenendijk, Kees; Waldrauch, Harald (eds.).
1136:
This proposed orthography, so different from existing "foreign" standards that people were already familiar with, did not enjoy widespread approval.
6380:
no. 112 (11 August 1999), pp. 2040–8: "Règlement grand-ducal du 30 juillet 1999 portant réforme du système officiel d'orthographe luxembourgeoise""
6365:
no. 68 (16 November 1976), pp. 1365–90: "Arrêté ministériel du 10 octobre 1975 portant réforme du système officiel d'orthographe luxembourgeoise".
958:
There is no distinct geographic boundary between the use of Luxembourgish and the use of other closely related High German dialects (for example,
7853:
6375:
6316:
6084:
4715:
894:
rejected a demand made by the ADR to make Luxembourgish an official language of the EU, citing financial reasons and the sufficiency of official
611:
The language is standardized and officially the national language of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. As such, Luxembourgish is different from the
6321:
no. 40 (7 September 1946), pp. 637–41: "Arrêté ministériel du 5 juin 1946 portant fixation d'un système officiel d'orthographe luxembourgeois""
5605:, and that a similar fate could also be possible for Luxembourgish. Another example of the replacement of Luxembourgish by French occurred in
4045:
A feature Luxembourgish shares with only some western dialects of German is that women and girls are most often referred to with forms of the
7386:
6154:
5921:
9119:
8197:
5816:
5449:
Additionally, some local media have argued that the Luxembourgish language is at risk of disappearing, and that it should be considered an
884:
804:
In Luxembourg, 77% of residents can speak Luxembourgish, and it is the primary language of 48% of the population. It is also spoken in the
8917:
7278:
6634:
6277:"Reconnaissance de la langue luxembourgeoise en tant que langue officielle de l'Union européenne au même titre que la langue irlandaise"
7846:
7794:
6555:
7552:
5416:
1139:
A more successful standard eventually emerged from the work of the committee of specialists charged with the task of creating the
10177:
7587:
7396:
6705:
6648:
6129:
5426:
was founded in 1995 on the initiative of Professor Gerald Newton. It is supported by the government of Luxembourg which funds an
7699:
7418:
2614:
allophone appears only in a few words, and speakers increasingly fail to distinguish between the alveolo-palatal allophones of
891:
5415:– Luxembourgish as a Foreign Language) is a set of four language proficiency certifications for Luxembourgish and follows the
7623:
7592:
7329:
7092:
7071:
6938:
6304:
6192:
2770:
1437:
4586:
Luxembourgish (like Dutch and German) allows prepositional phrases to appear after the verb cluster in subordinate clauses:
8734:
7150:
Mir wëlle bleiwe wat mir sin: Soziolinguistische und sprachtypologische Betrachtungen zur luxemburgischen Mehrsprachigkeit.
6581:
7537:
5736:
as a palatal . As this consonant is pronounced further back in the mouth, it triggered the use of the front allophone of
5631:
5419:
framework of language examination standards. The tests are administered by the Institut National des Langues Luxembourg.
2780:
2561:
2524:
868:
491:
9646:
7547:
7381:
4331:
Several other adjectives also have comparative forms, not commonly used as normal comparatives, but in special senses:
2795:
1539:
6262:
10152:
7391:
7171:
7157:
7038:
7024:
6972:
5903:
5876:
5857:
4654:
3148:
555:
4313:
Lëtzebuerg ass dee schéinsten / deen allerschéinsten / am schéinsten. ("Luxembourg is the most beautiful (of all).")
10172:
8190:
7774:
7694:
7658:
7633:
7525:
7339:
6994:
2609:
2433:
2361:
872:
649:
6980:"The Wiltz Dialect in a Luxembourgish Drama for Children: Analysis of the Script for "Den Zauberer vun Oz" (2005)"
10142:
7562:
7467:
7271:
2886:
2838:
2763:
2419:
2346:
1886:
1649:
1414:
1339:
1266:
880:
481:
5750:(' makes'), which is now pronounced , used to be pronounced ; this is the reason for the spelling. The spelling
5427:
2186:
867:
The political party that places the greatest importance on promoting, using and preserving Luxembourgish is the
838:
dialects of German are spoken. The language is also spoken by a few descendants of Luxembourg immigrants in the
10182:
7784:
7769:
7677:
7542:
6033:
5947:
4636:
4632:
3130:
3126:
2960:
2894:
17:
3713:
The forms of the personal pronouns are given in the following table (unstressed forms appear in parentheses):
423:
10197:
10162:
10013:
7118:, Luxembourg, Publications scientifiques et littéraires du Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, 1953, vol. I;
5692:
2477:
2393:
1017:, the capitalisation of nouns). Similarly, new principles were adopted for the spelling of French loanwords.
358:
7122:, Luxembourg, Publications scientifiques et littéraires du Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, 1954, vol. II
6895:. Bulletin Linguistique et Ethnologique de l'Institut Grand-Ducal, Luxembourg, Linden. (2nd edition of 1968)
4272:). Attributive modification requires the emphatic definite article and the inflected superlative adjective:
376:
10187:
10167:
10043:
9213:
9175:
9160:
8159:
8131:
7724:
7648:
7499:
7457:
6185:
Acquisition and Loss of Nationality: Policies and Trends in 15 European States – Volume 2: Country Analysis
2821:
2812:
2788:
2463:
2426:
2354:
1519:
703:
8487:
5768:
5764:
5741:
5737:
5624:
5613:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3072:
3065:
3056:
3049:
3039:
3032:
3020:
2978:
2974:
2970:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2940:
2904:
2900:
2877:
2871:
2867:
2628:
2619:
2615:
2596:
2590:
2584:
2577:
2567:
2555:
2545:
2061:
2026:
1990:
1970:
1934:
1899:
1836:
1815:
1778:
1758:
1737:
1719:
1698:
1662:
1239:
1235:
1231:
974:
communication about certain topics or with certain speakers (those who use many terms taken from French).
10147:
10023:
9883:
9233:
9192:
9182:
8183:
7487:
7448:
7438:
7369:
6296:
2929:
2910:
2717:
2710:
2447:
1480:
1460:
850:
739:
735:
655:
635:
334:
321:
6678:
8399:
7946:
7719:
7689:
7638:
7359:
7264:
6845:
4206:
in Luxembourgish is formed analytically, i.e. the adjective itself is not altered (compare the use of -
2845:
2533:
2440:
2313:
2306:
2279:
2272:
1300:
10192:
7223:
7136:
GILLES, Peter (1998). "Die Emanzipation des Lëtzebuergeschen aus dem Gefüge der deutschen Mundarten".
6383:
6324:
6092:
4690:
Some words are different from Standard German, but have equivalents in German dialects. An example is
9740:
7653:
7618:
7572:
5925:
2958:
2927:
2921:
2919:
2908:
2892:
2884:
2854:
2734:
2725:
2632:
2607:
2600:
2559:
2470:
2384:
1280:
766:
707:
7129:, Universitätsverlag Winter, Heidelberg, 2006. This book has been published with the support of the
6874:
6679:"Examen d'évaluation de la langue luxembourgeoise " Sproochentest " | Institut National des Langues"
6007:
5820:
5802:
10157:
10018:
9972:
9967:
9891:
9501:
9485:
9364:
9223:
9114:
9109:
7530:
7376:
5682:
5481:
Luxembourg, thus further lowering the percentage of Luxembourgish speakers present in the country.
5461:
a language test that certifies the knowledge of merely A.2. in speaking and B.1. in understanding.
3187:
2749:
2742:
1598:
1578:
417:
178:
7189:
5593:, which were very broadly spoken by the local populations at the beginning of the 20th century in
4374:
Luxembourgish exhibits "verb second" word order in clauses. More specifically, Luxembourgish is a
9957:
9901:
9896:
9816:
9489:
9439:
8739:
8557:
8313:
8241:
8229:
8164:
7704:
7663:
7557:
7423:
7406:
7349:
7334:
7248:
with pronunciation, translation to and from English, French, German, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian
5677:
5423:
4711:
4625:
3119:
2634:
2484:
2322:
2288:
2175:
643:
601:
168:
158:
10079:
9799:
9197:
6059:
9962:
9444:
9410:
9028:
8844:
8704:
8544:
8439:
7894:
7779:
7714:
7577:
7567:
7513:
7433:
6875:"Invité vun der Redaktioun (30. Mee) - Fred Keup: "D'ADR ass wichteg fir de politeschen Debat""
6791:
6762:
6736:
5619:
In 2021 it was announced that public announcements in Luxembourgish (and in German as well) at
4090:
2603:
and uvular . The latter occur before back vowels, and the former occur in all other positions.
2210:
584:
276:
60:
5845:
4293:
Predicative modification uses either the same adjectival structure or the adverbial structure
10120:
10084:
9352:
9345:
9297:
9067:
9038:
9007:
8970:
8895:
8652:
8565:
8426:
8388:
8141:
8110:
8069:
7993:
7813:
7752:
7734:
7606:
7428:
7296:
5895:
5888:
4086:
2516:
2240:
2233:
1158:
777:
731:
711:
639:
282:
9585:
8460:
6559:
10089:
10069:
10038:
9911:
9771:
9517:
9335:
8927:
8754:
8716:
8711:
8585:
8532:
8290:
8154:
8126:
8041:
7747:
7319:
7252:
Luxogramm – Information system for the Luxembourgish grammar (University of Luxembourg, LU)
7031:
Parlons Luxembourgeois, Langue et culture linguistique d'un petit pays au coeur de l'Europe
5732:
is based on the traditional, now widely obsolete pronunciation of the sound represented by
5404:
compiled a lexical database of 125,000-word forms as the basis for the first Luxembourgish
4577:
3710:, and is a phenomenon also commonly seen in dialectal and colloquial German, and in Dutch.
813:
747:
659:
173:
107:
87:
9745:
7019:. Luxembourg, Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Formation professionnelle 2005.
4382:, like German and Dutch. In other words, we find the following finite clausal structures:
2870:
appear only in loanwords from French and Standard German. In loanwords from French, nasal
8:
10028:
9264:
9218:
9152:
8905:
8552:
8465:
8263:
8136:
7964:
7938:
7822:
7789:
7764:
7314:
7309:
7181:
6089:
no. 16 (27 February 1984), pp. 196–7: "Loi du 24 février 1984 sur le régime des langues""
5989:
5590:
5450:
5401:
2506:
2406:
2332:
970:
959:
727:
597:
228:
183:
9575:
9420:
8667:
8055:
5638:
has claimed that Luxembourgish is already on its way to complete replacement by French.
4667:
Luxembourgish has borrowed many French words. For example, the word for a bus driver is
1061:
10074:
9998:
9926:
9916:
9871:
9633:
9560:
9457:
9302:
9277:
9272:
9165:
8993:
8878:
8699:
8477:
8472:
8451:
8412:
8216:
8206:
8025:
8006:
7887:
7757:
7582:
7472:
7127:
Perspektiven einer linguistischen Luxemburgistik. Studien zu Diachronie und Synchronie.
5620:
5265:
3167:
2249:
2205:
835:
438:
193:
188:
163:
9228:
6817:
6713:
6656:
6620:
1127:
409:
10207:
10048:
9847:
9763:
9756:
9711:
9655:
9415:
9405:
9388:
9383:
9287:
9049:
8849:
8810:
8790:
8628:
8520:
8502:
8354:
7901:
7827:
7344:
7304:
7167:
7153:
7088:
7067:
7034:
7020:
6968:
6965:
Luxembourg and Lëtzebuergesch: Language and Communication at the Crossroads of Europe
6300:
6188:
5899:
5872:
5853:
5655:
2456:
2374:
2220:
1375:
963:
931:
790:
771:
238:
7838:
2116:
Like many other varieties of Western High German, Luxembourgish has a rule of final
947:
487:
10003:
9794:
9728:
9684:
9679:
9639:
9628:
9620:
9425:
9393:
9340:
9329:
9242:
8951:
8890:
8680:
8662:
8497:
8258:
8250:
8062:
8032:
7985:
7971:
6915:
6209:"VIDEO: ADR-Kongress: Déi 3 Haaptpilieren: Wuesstem, Lëtzebuerger Sprooch a Famill"
5922:"Letzeburgesch – definition of Lëtzeburgesch in English from the Oxford dictionary"
5669:
5586:
5269:
4463:
Non-finite verbs (infinitives and participles) generally appear in final position:
3171:
2299:
2265:
2215:
2200:
1103:
743:
514:
9840:
6297:
Ammon, Ulrich - Die Stellung der deutschen Sprache in der Welt (de Gruyter Mouton)
6208:
3667:("such things"). Moreover, they are used before numbers to express an estimation:
10033:
9993:
9826:
9733:
9716:
9701:
9696:
9689:
9398:
9307:
9292:
9247:
9099:
9062:
9054:
9033:
9020:
9000:
8986:
8749:
8726:
8657:
8647:
8639:
8419:
8076:
7999:
7978:
7951:
7443:
6621:""Endangered" but growing: The Luxemburgish language celebrates 35th anniversary"
6222:
5817:"Luxemburgish – definition of Luxemburgish in English from the Oxford dictionary"
5602:
3989:
3179:
3175:
2757:
2494:
2227:
1119:
1111:
1069:
1046:
942:). Further small vocabulary differences may be seen even between small villages.
927:
910:
There are several distinct dialect forms of Luxembourgish including Areler (from
902:. A similar proposal by the ADR was rejected by the Chamber of Deputies in 2024.
899:
895:
798:
794:
710:
by being framed as an independent language with a name rather than as a national
612:
462:
325:
150:
6585:
4171:
The definite article changes with the use of an attributive adjective: feminine
10202:
10114:
10008:
9988:
9940:
9832:
9706:
9376:
9143:
9082:
8861:
8818:
8775:
8692:
8687:
8576:
8526:
8377:
8328:
8283:
8276:
8090:
8083:
7957:
7881:
7742:
7477:
6276:
5465:
5454:
4672:
2803:
2259:
1053:
887:
876:
785:) in a supermarket. Items labeled in Standard German and French are displayed.
718:
language resources. Because of this, the use of Luxembourgish remains limited.
262:
233:
121:
6920:
5442:
declared Luxembourgish to be an endangered language in 2019, adding it to its
456:
448:
10136:
10064:
9906:
9662:
9613:
9430:
9369:
9282:
9125:
9072:
8956:
8883:
7917:
7709:
7097:
5790:
4375:
4076:("That's Nathalie. She is tired because she has worked a lot in her garden.")
3003:
2412:
2338:
2111:
839:
131:
31:
6929:
6223:"Lëtzebuerger Sprooch stäerken: ADR: Wichteg Gesetzer och op Lëtzebuergesch"
5972:"Law establishing the Conseil Permanent de la Langue Luxembourgeoise (CPLL)"
4423:
the finite verb in first position in yes/no questions and finite imperatives
3197:
The forms of the articles and of some selected determiners are given below:
3194:. As in German, there is no morphological gender distinction in the plural.
793:
of Luxembourg and also one of the three administrative languages, alongside
9933:
9357:
9321:
9254:
9077:
8900:
8873:
8856:
8800:
8759:
8341:
8320:
7924:
7910:
6818:"Findel airport: Public announcements no longer available in Luxembourgish"
6008:"The Transylvanian Saxon dialect, a not-so-distant cousin of Luxembourgish"
5405:
4676:
4379:
4317:
Some common adjectives have exceptional comparative and superlative forms:
3707:
1164:
854:
770:
Sign in Luxembourgish indicating the way to walk through a shop during the
751:
699:
698:
Luxembourgish was considered a German dialect like many others until about
663:
272:
9580:
6940:
PhonLaF – phonetic online material for Luxembourgish as a foreign language
393:
9750:
9723:
9541:
9449:
9131:
9092:
8675:
8370:
8334:
8269:
8048:
4387:
4246:
4203:
3183:
2998:
2704:
2680:
2673:
2668:
2656:
1183:
from French and Standard German, other diacritics are usually preserved:
988:
624:
468:
9595:
4241:
Lëtzebuerg ass méi schéi wéi Esch. ("Luxembourg is prettier than Esch.")
3706:(lit. "to the man his book", i.e. "the man's book"). This is known as a
9590:
9570:
8935:
8605:
8306:
8105:
8019:
8014:
7287:
6599:
5795:
5606:
5334:
5261:
4734:
Note: Words spoken in sound clip do not reflect all words on this list.
4639: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3133: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3008:
2832:
2685:
2661:
915:
805:
605:
302:
99:
95:
79:
7256:
5971:
5846:"Diets, Nederlands, Nederduits, Hollands, Vlaams, Belgisch-Nederlands"
30:
This article is about the language. For the people of Luxembourg, see
9776:
9524:
9170:
9087:
8868:
8823:
8795:
8621:
8175:
7931:
7643:
7482:
5635:
4551:
This is also the case when two non-finite verb forms occur together:
4249:
involves a synthetic form consisting of the adjective and the suffix
3075:
may be phonetically short in fast speech or in unstressed syllables.
1180:
875:
pushed the CSV-DP government to make knowledge of it a criterion for
402:
386:
368:
350:
9600:
7494:
7324:
7207:
LuxVocabulary: Web application for learning Luxembourgish vocabulary
4614:
3108:
2918:
All other positions: mid central vowel, more often slightly rounded
9565:
8913:
7462:
7237:
with German, French and Portuguese translations created by the CPLL
5663:
5598:
5273:
3676:
Distinct nominative forms survive in a few nominal phrases such as
3086:
contrasts arose from the former lexical tone contrast; the shorter
923:
919:
817:
499:
442:
83:
7235:
Lëtzebuerger Online Dictionnaire (Luxembourgish Online Dictionary)
6846:"D'Sprooche vun den automateschen Ukënnegungen um Flughafe Findel"
9606:
9202:
9104:
7870:
7628:
6182:
5754:, which reflects the contemporary pronunciation, is not standard.
3191:
935:
858:
828:
809:
755:
667:
620:
616:
576:
495:
437:
The area where Luxembourgish (pale indigo) and other dialects of
432:
317:
103:
91:
7166:. Kauderwelsch Band 104. Bielefeld, Reise Know-How Verlag 1997.
6582:"Institut national des langues – INL – Passer un examen à l'INL"
4598:(lit. "everything what you always wanted know about Luxembourg")
8909:
6513:
6511:
6486:
6484:
6482:
6480:
6478:
6476:
6461:
6451:
6449:
6424:
6422:
6420:
6418:
6416:
6403:
6401:
5594:
5439:
843:
821:
691:
111:
4085:
Adjectives show a different morphological behaviour when used
8827:
7245:
7219:
2943:
are raised close-mid (near-close) and may even overlap with
2185:
The consonant inventory of Luxembourgish is quite similar to
939:
911:
831:
532:
7206:
7066:. En un volume. Esch-sur-Alzette, éditions Schortgen, 2012.
6523:
6508:
6496:
6473:
6446:
6434:
6413:
6398:
4710:"Moien" ("Hello"): Sculpture (approx. 2 meters high) in the
3982:
The 2pl form is also used as a polite singular (like French
3688:("our Lord"). Rare examples of the genitive are also found:
538:
5948:"Le nombre de locuteurs du luxembourgeois revu à la hausse"
5885:
4093:. In predicative use, e.g. when they occur with verbs like
7251:
5612:
According to some Luxembourgish news media and members of
1012:
1004:
547:
498:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
6737:"Welche Sprachen werden in Elsass-Lothringen gesprochen?"
5585:
It has also been argued that two very similar languages,
544:
541:
523:
7228:
7152:, Tübingen, 1993 (Reihe Germanistische Linguistik 140).
6706:"Lëtzebuergesch gëtt ëmmer méi aus dem Alldag verdrängt"
6649:"Lëtzebuergesch gëtt ëmmer méi aus dem Alldag verdrängt"
5601:
respectively, have been nearly completely supplanted by
4706:
4446:
the finite verb in final position in subordinate clauses
6545:
Doctoral thesis, Université Paul Valéry Montpellier III
4409:
ech en Hutt. (lit. "I buy a hat. Tomorrow buy I a hat.)
2552:('obligation') is realised as or, in careful speech, .
7201:
6187:. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. p. 380.
608:. About 300,000 people speak Luxembourgish worldwide.
7868:
7240:
7186:
Luxdico Deutsch: Luxemburgisch ↔ Deutsches Wörterbuch
5869:
Immigrants and Cultural Development in European Towns
3090:
were used in words with Accent 1, and the lengthened
556:
529:
526:
7234:
6712:(in Luxembourgish). 25 February 2021. Archived from
6655:(in Luxembourgish). 25 February 2021. Archived from
6060:"A Brief History Of The Transylvanian Saxon Dialect"
6005:
5645:
535:
520:
7125:MOULIN, Claudine and Nübling, Damaris (publisher):
5745:
4059:
4050:
4033:
4016:
4004:
3996:
3971:
3965:
3957:
3951:
3939:
3931:
3925:
3913:
3907:
3899:
3893:
3880:
3874:
3866:
3860:
3847:
3841:
3828:
3822:
3814:
3808:
3795:
3789:
3782:
3774:
3768:
3755:
3749:
3742:
3735:
3701:
3695:
3689:
3683:
3677:
3668:
3662:
3656:
3650:
3644:
3638:
3632:
3626:
3611:
3604:
3597:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3559:
3552:
3545:
3532:
3524:
3517:
3505:
3498:
3491:
3479:
3472:
3465:
3453:
3446:
3439:
3391:
3384:
3377:
3365:
3358:
3346:
3339:
3326:
3318:
3311:
3299:
3292:
3285:
3273:
3266:
3259:
3247:
3240:
2160:
2150:
2142:
2132:
2081:
2066:
2046:
2031:
2010:
1995:
1975:
1954:
1939:
1919:
1904:
1857:
1841:
1820:
1799:
1783:
1763:
1742:
1724:
1703:
1682:
1667:
1620:
1604:
1584:
1561:
1545:
1525:
1502:
1486:
1466:
1443:
1420:
1397:
1381:
1361:
1345:
1322:
1306:
1286:
1215:
1209:
1200:
1194:
1188:
1095:
1089:
1083:
1077:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1021:
992:
517:
47:
7224:Spellchecker.lu - Richteg Lëtzebuergesch schreiwen
7059:Esch-sur-Alzette, éditions Schortgen, 2005 et 2006
5887:
5469:Luxembourgish will inevitably disappear, stating:
4327:wéineg, manner, am mannsten ("few, fewer, fewest")
6908:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
5871:. Council for Cultural Co-operation. p. 51.
5484:The following numbers are based on statistics by
3625:As seen above, Luxembourgish has plural forms of
27:West Central German language spoken in Luxembourg
10134:
7116:Grundlegung einer Geschichte des Luxemburgischen
6237:"26. Lëtzebuergesch, DÉI Sprooch fir eist Land!"
5628:be made in Luxembourgish at Luxembourg Airport.
4321:gutt, besser, am beschten ("good, better, best")
1146:Permanent Council of the Luxembourguish language
8132:Langue des signes Francophone de Belgique, LSFB
7241:dico.lu – Dictionnaire Luxembourgeois//Français
6946:. Phonetics Teaching & Learning Conference.
6130:"What languages do people speak in Luxembourg?"
6116:Luxemburger Lexikon - Das Großherzogtum von A-Z
6031:
4698:). Other words are exclusive to Luxembourgish.
4503:infinitival clauses (e.g., used as imperatives)
4496:. (lit. "You should not so much coffee drink.")
4097:("to be"), adjectives receive no extra ending:
3068:appears only in loanwords from Standard German.
2627:Younger speakers tend to vocalize a word-final
938:), Minetter (Southern Luxembourg) and Weelzer (
7202:Conseil Permanent de la Langue Luxembourgeoise
6936:
6933:. (text available in French and Luxembourgish)
6927:Schanen, François and Lulling, Jérôme. (2003)
6898:
6529:
6517:
6502:
6490:
6467:
6455:
6440:
6428:
6407:
6292:
6290:
5400:Between 2000 and 2002, Luxembourgish linguist
5377:recent expressions, used mainly by teenagers:
4390:in second position in declarative clauses and
8191:
7854:
7387:Orders, decorations, and medals of Luxembourg
7272:
7087:. Esch-sur-Alzette, éditions Schortgen, 2013.
5740:(that is ) as is the case before the velars (
3170:(masculine, feminine, and neuter), and three
853:are spoken by ethnic Germans long settled in
6930:Introduction à l'orthographe luxembourgeoise
6792:"D'Lëtzebuergescht, bald eng langue morte?!"
6763:"D'Lëtzebuergescht, bald eng langue morte?!"
6155:"Une diversité linguistique en forte hausse"
5464:Luxembourgish language expert and historian
5279:Recent neologisms in Luxembourgish include:
4324:vill, méi, am meeschten ("much, more, most")
3983:
2891:, which, for some speakers, may be open-mid
1221:
987:A number of proposals for standardising the
647:
638:, Luxembourgish has similarities with other
7120:Das Luxemburgische im westfränkischen Kreis
6287:
6057:
5866:
5844:Kas Deprez (1997). Michael G. Clyne (ed.).
5434:
5422:The "Centre for Luxembourg Studies" at the
4350:President ("the former president"), but: e
1163:The Luxembourgish alphabet consists of the
8198:
8184:
7861:
7847:
7279:
7265:
6734:
6635:"Is Luxembourgish an endangered language?"
5843:
4997:Sprichst du Deutsch/Französisch/Englisch?
4994:Schwätzt dir Däitsch/Franséisch/Englesch?
4701:
4343:Leit ("older people, people older than X")
2903:. The same variation in height applies to
1230:In German loanwords, the digraphs ⟨
431:
6987:Bulletin of Aichi University of Education
6919:
6543:La créativité lexicale en luxembourgeois,
4655:Learn how and when to remove this message
4226:). Instead it is formed using the adverb
3992:); the forms are capitalised in writing:
3149:Learn how and when to remove this message
2981:, which does not have a long counterpart.
2883:Before velars: close-mid front unrounded
1242:, which does not appear in native words.
441:(medium indigo) are spoken. The internal
7064:Lëtzebuergesch Grammaire luxembourgeoise
6937:Trouvain, Jūrgen; Gilles, Peter (2009).
6899:Gilles, Peter; Trouvain, Jürgen (2013),
6574:
6006:Vu(m) Nathalie Lodhi (13 January 2020).
5444:Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger
4705:
3950:
3938:
3906:
3859:
3840:
3821:
3807:
3596:
3570:
3544:
3516:
3490:
3464:
3438:
3410:
3390:
3364:
3357:
3345:
3338:
3310:
3298:
3272:
3246:
3211:
1245:
953:
776:
765:
738:. Furthermore, it is closely related to
677:
7286:
7188:, Luxemburg (Éditions Schortgen) 2008,
5940:
5728:. The ostensibly inconsistent spelling
5698:
3186:). These are marked morphologically on
871:(ADR) and its electoral success in the
492:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
14:
10135:
8205:
7135:
7017:Grammaire de la langue luxembourgeoise
6977:
2593:occurs only in loanwords from English.
339:Council for the Luxembourgish Language
9869:
9483:
8227:
8179:
7842:
7260:
7104:, Lezeburg (Luxembourg), Lamort, 1829
7102:E' Schrek ob de' lezeburger Parnassus
6840:
6838:
6786:
6784:
6700:
6698:
6696:
6032:Stephen McGrath (10 September 2019).
4565:) (lit, "I have not be-able to-come")
4457:. (lit. "You know, that I tired am.")
4439:mer deng Hand! ("Give me your hand!")
2660:
2580:appears only in a few words, such as
781:Sign in French and Luxembourgish (in
690:A Luxembourgish speaker, recorded in
583:
59:
7062:SCHANEN, François / ZIMMER, Jacqui,
7043:SCHANEN, François / ZIMMER, Jacqui,
6855:(in Luxembourgish). 7 September 2021
6113:
5990:"Luxemburgs Sprachenmarkt im Wandel"
5886:National Geographic Society (2005).
5395:
4637:adding citations to reliable sources
4608:
4514:! (lit. "Only Luxembourgish speak!")
4416:ech haut? (lit. "What buy I today?")
4289:schéinst Fra ("the prettiest woman")
3131:adding citations to reliable sources
3102:
2193:Consonant phonemes of Luxembourgish
1250:
1167:plus three letters with diacritics:
834:and Hunsrück regions, similar local
8760:Plautdietsch / Mennonite Low German
7138:Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie
6893:Précis de grammaire luxembourgeoise
6558:. 27 September 2007. Archived from
5890:Our Country's Regions: Outline maps
5850:Undoing and Redoing Corpus Planning
5720:today represents the same sound as
5001:Do you speak German/French/English?
4959:Excuseer mij or Wablief? (Belgium)
998:
869:Alternative Democratic Reform Party
24:
10119:Languages between parentheses are
9484:
6952:
6835:
6781:
6693:
5987:
5914:
5809:
5784:
5389:(French for "(you've been) owned")
4592:alles, wat Der ëmmer wollt wëssen
4025:("How did you like the concert?")
4013:("How did you like the concert?")
4001:("How did you like the concert?")
2939:Phonetically, the long mid vowels
982:
721:
604:language that is spoken mainly in
25:
10219:
7624:Belgium–Luxembourg Economic Union
7218:Spellcheckers for Luxembourgish:
7195:
5894:. Macmillan/McGraw-Hill. p.
4545:) (lit. "He asks if I can come.")
4534:) (lit. "He asks if I come can.")
4361:Zäit ("some time ago"), but: eng
4354:Termin ("an earlier appointment")
3637:in the nominative/accusative and
3161:
3094:were used in words with Accent 2.
2853:
2844:
2837:
2820:
2811:
2794:
2787:
2779:
2769:
2762:
2748:
2741:
2733:
2724:
2716:
2709:
2532:
2523:
2505:
2483:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2418:
2392:
2383:
2360:
2353:
2345:
2321:
2312:
2305:
2287:
2278:
2271:
2248:
2239:
2232:
1597:
1577:
1538:
1518:
1479:
1459:
1436:
1413:
1374:
1338:
1299:
1279:
883:. In this context, in 2005, then-
445:for words meaning "on, at", i.e.
7231:online dictionary (24.000 words)
5801:
5662:
5648:
4613:
4365:Zäit ("a longer period of time")
3107:
2105:
1238:⟩ indicate the diphthong
789:Luxembourgish is considered the
742:which has been spoken since the
734:and is the primary example of a
513:
7085:Lëtzebuergesch Sproocherubriken
6884:
6867:
6810:
6755:
6735:Babbel.com; GmbH, Lesson Nine.
6728:
6671:
6641:
6627:
6613:
6600:"Centre for Luxembourg Studies"
6592:
6548:
6535:
6368:
6356:
6339:
6309:
6269:
6255:
6229:
6215:
6201:
6176:
6147:
6122:
6107:
6077:
6051:
5757:
5710:
5413:Lëtzebuergesch als Friemsprooch
4624:needs additional citations for
4478:. (lit. "I have a hat bought.")
3998:Wéi hues 'du' de Concert fonnt?
3118:needs additional citations for
10178:National symbols of Luxembourg
10123:of the language on their left.
7213:Spellcheckers and dictionaries
7131:Fonds National de la Recherche
7045:1,2,3 Lëtzebuergesch Grammaire
7015:(en coll. avec Projet Moien),
6058:Victor Rouă (19 August 2015).
6025:
5999:
5981:
5964:
5835:
4991:Spreek je Duits/Frans/Engels?
4339:Leit ("elderly people"), but:
4283:Mann ("the most handsome man")
2618:and the postalveolar phonemes
2599:have two types of allophones:
881:language of the European Union
13:
1:
10014:Germanic substrate hypothesis
9870:
8127:Deutsche Gebärdensprache, DGS
6853:www.actioun-letzebuergesch.lu
6283:(in French). 30 January 2024.
5778:
5763:In the standard orthography,
5693:Multilingualism in Luxembourg
5374:("This cake is really good!")
5256:
4981:Metzgersohn. / Metzgerjunge.
4604:
4574:Ich habe nicht kommen können.
4532:Er fragt, ob ich kommen kann.
4492:Du solls net esou vill Kaffi
4369:
4080:
2180:
994:ofizjel lezebuurjer ortografi
726:Luxembourgish belongs to the
10044:Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law
8735:Mecklenburgisch-Vorpommersch
8160:Languages of the Netherlands
8137:Nederlandse Gebarentaal, NGT
7164:Lëtzebuergesch Wort für Wort
7162:(phrasebook) REMUS, Joscha,
6530:Trouvain & Gilles (2009)
6518:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6503:Trouvain & Gilles (2009)
6491:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6468:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6456:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6441:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6429:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
6408:Gilles & Trouvain (2013)
4962:Watgelift? or Entschëllegt?
4576:) (lit, "I have not to-come
4041:("Serge is in the kitchen.")
3924:
3892:
3873:
3788:
3781:
3767:
3748:
3741:
3734:
3726:
3723:
3720:
3673:("some 30,000 spectators").
3610:
3603:
3584:
3577:
3558:
3551:
3530:
3523:
3504:
3497:
3478:
3471:
3452:
3445:
3383:
3376:
3324:
3317:
3291:
3284:
3265:
3258:
3239:
3044:
3027:
3013:
2996:
2169:
905:
714:standard variety of German.
654:. It is also related to the
7:
10024:High German consonant shift
7488:Valley of the Seven Castles
7033:. Paris, L'Harmattan 2004,
6556:"Eurogermanistik - Band 20"
5641:
5385:("you've been tricked") or
5283:direct loans from English:
4891:Dank u or Merci. (Belgium)
4843:Goedendag. or Goedemiddag.
4716:Luxembourgish EU-Presidency
4543:Hij vraagt of ik kan komen.
4433:de midd? ("Are you tired?")
4126:, "The children are tall.")
1152:
851:Moselle Franconian dialects
736:Moselle Franconian language
656:Transylvanian Saxon dialect
636:Moselle Franconian language
322:French Community of Belgium
10:
10224:
8562:Westlauwers–Terschellings
8215:According to contemporary
7869:Languages and dialects of
5852:. Walter de Gruyter: 249.
5688:Luxembourgish Swadesh List
4727:Listen to the words below.
3098:
2907:, which may be as open as
2173:
2109:
1156:
977:
673:
634:As a standard form of the
29:
10106:
10057:
9981:
9950:
9882:
9878:
9865:
9814:
9787:
9741:Southern Schleswig Danish
9672:
9553:
9509:
9500:
9496:
9479:
9320:
9263:
9151:
9142:
9047:
9019:
8978:
8969:
8944:
8926:
8837:
8809:
8783:
8774:
8725:
8638:
8613:
8604:
8543:
8438:
8387:
8362:
8353:
8249:
8240:
8236:
8223:
8213:
8150:
8119:
7877:
7807:
7733:
7685:
7676:
7614:
7605:
7521:
7512:
7414:
7405:
7295:
6921:10.1017/S0025100312000278
5498:
5495:
4563:Ik heb niet kunnen komen.
3413:
3408:
3214:
3209:
2992:
2990:
2866:The front rounded vowels
2850:
2786:
2761:
2672:
2667:
2655:
2653:
2643:
2515:
2493:
2405:
2331:
2258:
2226:
2197:
2060:
2025:
1989:
1933:
1898:
1835:
1777:
1715:
1661:
1596:
1573:
1537:
1514:
1478:
1455:
1373:
1357:
1337:
1298:
1275:
761:
708:One Standard German Axiom
478:
430:
416:
400:
384:
366:
348:
343:
333:
308:
298:Official language in
296:
291:
259:
221:
147:
137:
127:
117:
75:
55:
46:
41:
10153:Central German languages
10019:West Germanic gemination
9973:Ancient Belgian language
9968:Germanic parent language
9912:Weser-Rhine (Istvaeonic)
9034:Austrian Standard German
8228:
8142:Vlaamse Gebarentaal, VGT
7419:Administrative divisions
7246:Luxembourgish Dictionary
6978:Tamura, Kenichi (2011),
6541:Lulling, Jérôme. (2002)
6349:geshriven. Et get kèèn
5703:
5683:Literature of Luxembourg
5435:Endangered status claims
5372:Dëse Kuch ass déck gutt!
5325:(search engine, German:
4453:Du weess, datt ech midd
4115:D'Meedchen ass grouss. (
4038:Serge ass an der Kichen.
3166:Luxembourgish has three
816:) and in small parts of
10173:Languages of Luxembourg
8165:Languages of Luxembourg
7350:Second Treaty of London
6993:: 11–21, archived from
5678:Erna Hennicot-Schoepges
5424:University of Sheffield
4807:in the north and east)
4712:Justus-Lipsius building
4702:Selected common phrases
4485:infinitival complements
4210:in German and English;
4112:, "The woman is tall.")
3670:eng 30.000 Spectateuren
3655:("such"). For example:
2973:is the long variant of
2187:that of Standard German
2176:Luxembourgish phonology
666:, contemporary central
644:West Germanic languages
642:and the wider group of
246:Old Central Franconian
10143:Luxembourgish language
10080:Preterite-present verb
9963:Proto-Germanic grammar
9917:North Sea (Ingvaeonic)
9029:German Standard German
8705:East Frisian Low Saxon
7335:First Treaty of London
6963:NEWTON, Gerald (ed.),
6891:Bruch, Robert. (1955)
6162:statistiques.public.lu
5771:are not distinguished.
5746:
5625:Actioun Lëtzebuergesch
5614:Actioun Lëtzebuergesch
5321:also found in German:
4719:
4357:laang ("long") → viru
4119:, "The girl is tall.")
4060:
4051:
4034:
4017:
4005:
3997:
3984:
3972:
3966:
3958:
3952:
3940:
3932:
3926:
3914:
3908:
3900:
3894:
3881:
3875:
3867:
3861:
3848:
3842:
3829:
3823:
3815:
3809:
3796:
3790:
3783:
3775:
3769:
3756:
3750:
3743:
3736:
3702:
3696:
3694:("end of the month"),
3690:
3684:
3678:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3612:
3605:
3598:
3586:
3579:
3572:
3560:
3553:
3546:
3533:
3525:
3518:
3506:
3499:
3492:
3480:
3473:
3466:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3392:
3385:
3378:
3366:
3359:
3347:
3340:
3327:
3319:
3312:
3300:
3293:
3286:
3274:
3267:
3260:
3248:
3241:
3205:nominative/accusative
3071:The first elements of
2161:
2151:
2143:
2133:
2082:
2067:
2047:
2032:
2011:
1996:
1976:
1955:
1940:
1920:
1905:
1858:
1842:
1821:
1800:
1784:
1764:
1743:
1725:
1704:
1683:
1668:
1621:
1605:
1585:
1562:
1546:
1526:
1503:
1487:
1467:
1444:
1421:
1398:
1382:
1362:
1346:
1323:
1307:
1287:
1222:
1216:
1210:
1201:
1195:
1189:
1141:Luxemburger Wörterbuch
1126:
1118:
1110:
1102:
1096:
1090:
1084:
1078:
1068:
1060:
1052:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1028:
1022:
993:
962:); it instead forms a
814:Province of Luxembourg
786:
774:
754:, present-day central
702:but then it underwent
695:
648:
585:[ˈlətsəbuəjəʃ]
580:
480:This article contains
467:
455:
447:
277:Luxembourgish alphabet
61:[ˈlətsəbuəjəʃ]
48:
10183:Verb-second languages
10085:Grammatischer Wechsel
9068:Namibian Black German
9039:Swiss Standard German
9008:Early New High German
8566:Mainland West Frisian
8427:Harlingerland Frisian
7548:Consultative Assembly
7538:Council of Government
7176:WELSCHBILLIG Myriam,
5752:⟨mëcht⟩
5408:(Projet C.ORT.IN.A).
5356:native Luxembourgish
5049:Politischer Anstand.
5046:Politeschen Anstand.
4907:Waarom? or Waarvoor?
4709:
4510:Nëmme Lëtzebuergesch
4122:D'Kanner si grouss. (
4105:, "The man is tall.")
4101:De Mann ass grouss. (
4073:Gaart geschafft huet.
3708:periphrastic genitive
2649:Monophthong phonemes
2587:('to go for a walk').
2566:when it occurs after
1246:Orthography of vowels
1234:⟩ and ⟨
1159:Luxembourgish Braille
954:Surrounding languages
885:Deputy Prime Minister
780:
769:
732:High German languages
689:
283:Luxembourgish Braille
10198:Luxembourg (Belgium)
10163:Languages of Belgium
10090:Indo-European ablaut
10070:Germanic strong verb
10039:Germanic spirant law
9176:Southeast Limburgish
8672:Gelders-Overijssels
8301:Irish Middle English
8291:Early Modern English
8155:Languages of Belgium
8000:Standard High German
7795:World Heritage Sites
7382:Military occupations
7320:Austrian Netherlands
6562:on 27 September 2007
6353:geshriven." (p. 639)
6134:luxembourg.public.lu
5928:on 15 September 2012
5867:Bengt Skoog (1983).
5699:Notes and references
5457:who have passed the
5455:naturalized citizens
5362:as an emphatic like
5229:Kartoffel/Erdapfel.
4949:Ich verstehe nicht.
4943:Ik versta het niet.
4787:Misschien, wellicht
4718:, first half of 2005
4694:(potatoes – German:
4633:improve this article
4467:compound past tenses
4346:fréi ("early") → de
4061:Dat ass d'Nathalie.
3649:("what, which") and
3127:improve this article
2899:, especially before
2880:has two allophones:
748:Transylvanian Saxons
660:Transylvanian Saxons
640:High German dialects
243:Old High Franconian
174:Weser-Rhine Germanic
88:Rhineland-Palatinate
10188:Culture of Wallonia
10168:Languages of France
10058:Synchronic features
10029:Germanic a-mutation
9982:Diachronic features
9332:in the broad sense
9265:East Central German
9219:Lorraine Franconian
9193:Transylvanian Saxon
9153:West Central German
8928:East Low Franconian
8838:West Low Franconian
7785:RTL Télé Lëtzebuerg
7553:Diplomatic missions
7526:Chamber of Deputies
7315:Spanish Netherlands
7310:House of Luxembourg
7083:SCHANEN, François,
7029:SCHANEN, François,
6637:. 11 December 2017.
6114:Hausemer, Georges.
5591:Lorraine Franconian
5492:
5451:endangered language
4953:I don't understand.
4163:déi grouss Kanner (
4108:D'Fra ass grouss. (
3405:
3206:
2987:
2986:Diphthong phonemes
2650:
2194:
2159:"thirty-five", but
1879:
1642:
1259:
971:West Central German
966:of gradual change.
960:Lorraine Franconian
914:), Eechternoacher (
740:Transylvanian Saxon
728:West Central German
598:West Central German
320:(recognised by the
310:Recognised minority
229:Proto-Indo-European
184:West Central German
143:300,000 (2024)
10148:Germanic languages
10075:Germanic weak verb
9884:Language subgroups
9234:Pennsylvania Dutch
9183:Moselle Franconian
9161:Central Franconian
8994:Middle High German
8745:Central Pomeranian
8700:Northern Low Saxon
8413:Wangerooge Frisian
8207:Germanic languages
8026:Northern Low Saxon
7659:Telecommunications
7634:Electricity sector
7473:Luxembourg plateau
7468:Little Switzerland
7330:Belgian Revolution
7053:Le groupe nominal.
6741:Das Babbel Magazin
6716:on 16 October 2021
6659:on 16 October 2021
6386:on 3 November 2005
6243:on 23 October 2021
6095:on 3 February 2006
5734:⟨ch⟩
5726:⟨ch⟩
5621:Luxembourg Airport
5491:
5349:(webpage, German:
5266:telecommunications
5097:zu Hause. / Heim.
5043:Politiek Fatsoen.
5017:What is your name?
4946:Ech verstinn net.
4927:Ik weet het niet.
4720:
4679:), which would be
4537:Hie freet, ob ech
4526:Hie freet, ob ech
3682:("the devil") and
3631:("a, an"), namely
3403:
3204:
2985:
2648:
2192:
2126:⟨nn⟩
1877:
1640:
1257:
836:Moselle Franconian
787:
775:
696:
439:Moselle Franconian
194:Moselle Franconian
189:Central Franconian
108:Moselle department
10130:
10129:
10115:extinct languages
10102:
10101:
10098:
10097:
10049:Great Vowel Shift
9861:
9860:
9857:
9856:
9810:
9809:
9656:Greenlandic Norse
9475:
9474:
9471:
9470:
9467:
9466:
9406:Southern Bavarian
9389:Northern Bavarian
9365:Highest Alemannic
9316:
9315:
9050:standard variants
8965:
8964:
8811:Standard variants
8770:
8769:
8629:Middle Low German
8600:
8599:
8596:
8595:
8400:Saterland Frisian
8173:
8172:
7836:
7835:
7803:
7802:
7672:
7671:
7601:
7600:
7588:Political parties
7563:Foreign relations
7508:
7507:
7345:Luxembourg Crisis
7305:Celtic Luxembourg
7093:978-2-87953-174-8
7072:978-2-87953-146-5
7049:Le groupe verbal.
6796:Guy Kaiser Online
6767:Guy Kaiser Online
6470:, pp. 68–69.
6305:978-3-11-019298-8
6194:978-90-5356-921-4
5988:Fehlen, Fernand.
5799:(25th ed., 2022)
5730:⟨é⟩
5722:⟨ë⟩
5718:⟨é⟩
5656:Luxembourg portal
5583:
5582:
5396:Academic projects
5254:
5253:
5053:Political decency
4913:Warum? or Wofür?
4881:Auf Wiedersehen.
4665:
4664:
4657:
4474:Ech hunn en Hutt
4022:de Concert fonnt?
4010:de Concert fonnt?
3980:
3979:
3703:dem Mann säi Buch
3661:("what things");
3623:
3622:
3619:
3618:
3431:
3426:
3421:
3399:
3398:
3232:
3227:
3222:
3159:
3158:
3151:
3062:
3061:
2863:
2862:
2542:
2541:
2141:"when I go", but
2122:⟨n⟩
2102:
2101:
2093:
2092:
1869:
1868:
1632:
1631:
1177:⟨ë⟩
1173:⟨ä⟩
1169:⟨é⟩
964:dialect continuum
791:national language
772:COVID-19 pandemic
687:
506:
505:
488:rendering support
484:phonetic symbols.
461:, is also shown (
335:Regulated by
16:(Redirected from
10215:
9907:Elbe (Irminonic)
9880:
9879:
9867:
9866:
9795:Mainland Gutnish
9685:Swedish dialects
9647:Middle Icelandic
9621:Middle Norwegian
9510:Historical forms
9507:
9506:
9498:
9497:
9481:
9480:
9440:South Franconian
9426:Hutterite German
9394:Central Bavarian
9214:Rhine Franconian
9149:
9148:
8979:Historical forms
8976:
8975:
8891:Surinamese Dutch
8784:Historical forms
8781:
8780:
8614:Historical forms
8611:
8610:
8363:Historical forms
8360:
8359:
8247:
8246:
8238:
8237:
8225:
8224:
8200:
8193:
8186:
8177:
8176:
8093:
8086:
8079:
8072:
8065:
8058:
8051:
8044:
8035:
8028:
8009:
8002:
7988:
7981:
7974:
7967:
7960:
7941:
7934:
7927:
7920:
7913:
7904:
7897:
7890:
7863:
7856:
7849:
7840:
7839:
7816:
7780:Radio Luxembourg
7770:National symbols
7683:
7682:
7612:
7611:
7543:Council of State
7519:
7518:
7412:
7411:
7360:Second World War
7281:
7274:
7267:
7258:
7257:
7178:SCHANEN François
7145:
7078:In Luxembourgish
7001:
6999:
6984:
6967:, Oxford, 1996,
6947:
6945:
6924:
6923:
6905:
6879:
6878:
6871:
6865:
6864:
6862:
6860:
6850:
6842:
6833:
6832:
6830:
6828:
6814:
6808:
6807:
6805:
6803:
6798:. 12 August 2020
6788:
6779:
6778:
6776:
6774:
6769:. 12 August 2020
6759:
6753:
6752:
6750:
6748:
6732:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6702:
6691:
6690:
6688:
6686:
6675:
6669:
6668:
6666:
6664:
6645:
6639:
6638:
6631:
6625:
6624:
6617:
6611:
6610:
6608:
6606:
6596:
6590:
6589:
6584:. Archived from
6578:
6572:
6571:
6569:
6567:
6552:
6546:
6539:
6533:
6527:
6521:
6515:
6506:
6500:
6494:
6488:
6471:
6465:
6459:
6453:
6444:
6438:
6432:
6426:
6411:
6405:
6396:
6395:
6393:
6391:
6382:. Archived from
6372:
6366:
6360:
6354:
6343:
6337:
6336:
6334:
6332:
6327:on 26 April 2005
6323:. Archived from
6313:
6307:
6294:
6285:
6284:
6273:
6267:
6266:
6259:
6253:
6252:
6250:
6248:
6239:. Archived from
6233:
6227:
6226:
6219:
6213:
6212:
6205:
6199:
6198:
6180:
6174:
6173:
6171:
6169:
6159:
6151:
6145:
6144:
6142:
6140:
6126:
6120:
6119:
6111:
6105:
6104:
6102:
6100:
6091:. Archived from
6081:
6075:
6074:
6072:
6070:
6055:
6049:
6048:
6046:
6044:
6029:
6023:
6022:
6020:
6018:
6003:
5997:
5996:
5994:
5985:
5979:
5978:
5976:
5968:
5962:
5961:
5959:
5957:
5952:
5944:
5938:
5937:
5935:
5933:
5924:. Archived from
5918:
5912:
5909:
5893:
5882:
5863:
5839:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5828:
5819:. Archived from
5813:
5807:
5806:
5805:
5788:
5772:
5770:
5766:
5761:
5755:
5753:
5749:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5731:
5727:
5723:
5719:
5714:
5672:
5670:Languages portal
5667:
5666:
5658:
5653:
5652:
5651:
5493:
5490:
5383:en décke gelénkt
5345:(mobile phone),
5270:computer science
5037:How is it going?
5010:Wéi heeschs du?
4965:Entschuldigung?
4933:Ich weiß nicht.
4747:Standard German
4738:
4737:
4732:
4731:
4730:
4728:
4685:chauffeur de bus
4660:
4653:
4649:
4646:
4640:
4617:
4609:
4594:iwwer Lëtzebuerg
4264:(compare German
4145:déi grouss Fra (
4075:
4054:
4040:
4024:
4012:
4000:
3987:
3975:
3969:
3961:
3955:
3943:
3935:
3929:
3917:
3911:
3903:
3897:
3884:
3878:
3870:
3864:
3851:
3845:
3832:
3826:
3818:
3812:
3799:
3793:
3786:
3778:
3772:
3759:
3753:
3746:
3739:
3716:
3715:
3705:
3699:
3693:
3687:
3681:
3672:
3666:
3660:
3654:
3648:
3642:
3636:
3630:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3589:
3582:
3575:
3563:
3556:
3549:
3536:
3528:
3521:
3509:
3502:
3495:
3483:
3476:
3469:
3457:
3450:
3443:
3429:
3424:
3419:
3406:
3402:
3395:
3388:
3381:
3369:
3362:
3350:
3343:
3330:
3322:
3315:
3303:
3296:
3289:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3251:
3244:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3154:
3147:
3143:
3140:
3134:
3111:
3103:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3067:
3058:
3051:
3041:
3034:
3022:
2988:
2984:
2980:
2976:
2972:
2964:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2942:
2933:
2925:
2914:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2890:
2879:
2873:
2869:
2857:
2848:
2841:
2824:
2815:
2798:
2791:
2783:
2773:
2766:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2728:
2720:
2713:
2651:
2647:
2638:
2630:
2621:
2617:
2613:
2598:
2592:
2586:
2585:/ʃpɑˈd͡zəɪ̯eʀen/
2579:
2569:
2565:
2557:
2547:
2536:
2527:
2509:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2415:
2396:
2387:
2377:
2364:
2357:
2349:
2341:
2325:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2291:
2282:
2275:
2268:
2252:
2243:
2236:
2195:
2191:
2164:
2158:
2146:
2140:
2127:
2123:
2089:
2073:
2063:
2053:
2038:
2028:
2018:
2002:
1992:
1982:
1972:
1962:
1946:
1936:
1926:
1911:
1901:
1880:
1876:
1865:
1849:
1838:
1828:
1817:
1807:
1791:
1780:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1739:
1732:
1721:
1711:
1700:
1690:
1674:
1664:
1643:
1639:
1628:
1612:
1601:
1592:
1581:
1569:
1553:
1542:
1533:
1522:
1510:
1494:
1483:
1474:
1463:
1451:
1440:
1428:
1417:
1405:
1389:
1378:
1369:
1353:
1342:
1330:
1314:
1303:
1294:
1283:
1260:
1256:
1251:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1225:
1219:
1213:
1204:
1198:
1192:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1165:26 Latin letters
1099:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1016:
1008:
1000:
996:
861:(Siebenbürgen).
744:High Middle Ages
688:
653:
595:
594:
593:
587:
573:Letzebu(e)rgesch
559:
554:
553:
550:
549:
546:
543:
540:
537:
534:
531:
528:
525:
522:
519:
435:
426:
412:
396:
389:
380:
379:
371:
362:
361:
353:
312:language in
265:
153:
71:
70:
69:
63:
51:
39:
38:
21:
10223:
10222:
10218:
10217:
10216:
10214:
10213:
10212:
10158:German dialects
10133:
10132:
10131:
10126:
10094:
10053:
10034:Germanic umlaut
9999:Holtzmann's law
9977:
9946:
9874:
9853:
9806:
9783:
9717:South Jutlandic
9702:Danish dialects
9668:
9549:
9492:
9463:
9445:East Franconian
9399:Viennese German
9312:
9293:Silesian German
9259:
9248:Central Hessian
9138:
9063:Namibian German
9052:
9043:
9021:Standard German
9015:
9001:New High German
8987:Old High German
8961:
8940:
8922:
8833:
8805:
8766:
8750:East Pomeranian
8740:Brandenburgisch
8727:East Low German
8721:
8648:Dutch Low Saxon
8640:West Low German
8634:
8592:
8558:Schiermonnikoog
8539:
8434:
8420:Wursten Frisian
8383:
8349:
8232:
8219:
8209:
8204:
8174:
8169:
8146:
8115:
8089:
8082:
8075:
8068:
8061:
8054:
8047:
8040:
8031:
8024:
8005:
7998:
7984:
7977:
7970:
7963:
7956:
7937:
7930:
7923:
7916:
7909:
7900:
7893:
7886:
7873:
7867:
7837:
7832:
7819:
7812:
7799:
7729:
7668:
7597:
7531:Current members
7504:
7444:Luxembourg City
7401:
7397:Railway history
7355:First World War
7340:1848 Revolution
7291:
7285:
7220:Spellchecker.lu
7198:
7190:Luxdico Deutsch
7114:BRUCH, Robert,
7000:on 4 March 2016
6997:
6982:
6955:
6953:Further reading
6950:
6943:
6903:
6901:"Luxembourgish"
6887:
6882:
6873:
6872:
6868:
6858:
6856:
6848:
6844:
6843:
6836:
6826:
6824:
6816:
6815:
6811:
6801:
6799:
6790:
6789:
6782:
6772:
6770:
6761:
6760:
6756:
6746:
6744:
6733:
6729:
6719:
6717:
6704:
6703:
6694:
6684:
6682:
6677:
6676:
6672:
6662:
6660:
6647:
6646:
6642:
6633:
6632:
6628:
6619:
6618:
6614:
6604:
6602:
6598:
6597:
6593:
6580:
6579:
6575:
6565:
6563:
6554:
6553:
6549:
6540:
6536:
6528:
6524:
6516:
6509:
6501:
6497:
6489:
6474:
6466:
6462:
6454:
6447:
6439:
6435:
6427:
6414:
6406:
6399:
6389:
6387:
6374:
6373:
6369:
6361:
6357:
6344:
6340:
6330:
6328:
6315:
6314:
6310:
6295:
6288:
6275:
6274:
6270:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6246:
6244:
6235:
6234:
6230:
6221:
6220:
6216:
6207:
6206:
6202:
6195:
6181:
6177:
6167:
6165:
6157:
6153:
6152:
6148:
6138:
6136:
6128:
6127:
6123:
6112:
6108:
6098:
6096:
6083:
6082:
6078:
6068:
6066:
6056:
6052:
6042:
6040:
6030:
6026:
6016:
6014:
6004:
6000:
5992:
5986:
5982:
5974:
5970:
5969:
5965:
5955:
5953:
5950:
5946:
5945:
5941:
5931:
5929:
5920:
5919:
5915:
5906:
5879:
5860:
5840:
5836:
5826:
5824:
5815:
5814:
5810:
5800:
5789:
5785:
5781:
5776:
5775:
5762:
5758:
5751:
5733:
5729:
5725:
5721:
5717:
5715:
5711:
5706:
5701:
5668:
5661:
5654:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5437:
5398:
5259:
4978:Metzleschjong.
4930:Ech weess net.
4853:Good afternoon.
4726:
4723:
4722:
4704:
4661:
4650:
4644:
4641:
4630:
4618:
4607:
4372:
4083:
4065:ass midd, well
3990:T-V distinction
3697:Ufanks der Woch
3664:sou eng Saachen
3658:wéi eng Saachen
3164:
3155:
3144:
3138:
3135:
3124:
3112:
3101:
2957:is realised as
2926:than unrounded
2646:
2601:alveolo-palatal
2558:is realised as
2455:
2411:
2373:
2337:
2298:
2264:
2183:
2178:
2172:
2162:fënnefavéierzeg
2128:. For example:
2125:
2121:
2114:
2108:
2103:
1878:r-vocalization
1248:
1176:
1172:
1168:
1161:
1155:
1010:
1002:
985:
983:Standardisation
980:
956:
908:
764:
724:
722:Language family
678:
676:
631:of Luxembourg.
613:German language
589:
588:
557:
516:
512:
486:Without proper
474:
463:Standard German
422:
408:
392:
385:
375:
374:
367:
357:
356:
349:
329:
326:Western Germany
313:
311:
299:
292:Official status
287:
266:
261:
255:
224:
217:
154:
151:Language family
149:
140:
139:Native speakers
86:and north-west
65:
64:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
10221:
10211:
10210:
10205:
10200:
10195:
10193:Liège Province
10190:
10185:
10180:
10175:
10170:
10165:
10160:
10155:
10150:
10145:
10128:
10127:
10125:
10124:
10117:
10107:
10104:
10103:
10100:
10099:
10096:
10095:
10093:
10092:
10087:
10082:
10077:
10072:
10067:
10061:
10059:
10055:
10054:
10052:
10051:
10046:
10041:
10036:
10031:
10026:
10021:
10016:
10011:
10006:
10001:
9996:
9991:
9985:
9983:
9979:
9978:
9976:
9975:
9970:
9965:
9960:
9958:Proto-Germanic
9954:
9952:
9948:
9947:
9945:
9944:
9937:
9930:
9922:
9921:
9920:
9919:
9914:
9909:
9899:
9894:
9888:
9886:
9876:
9875:
9863:
9862:
9859:
9858:
9855:
9854:
9852:
9851:
9844:
9837:
9833:Crimean Gothic
9822:
9820:
9812:
9811:
9808:
9807:
9805:
9804:
9803:
9802:
9797:
9788:
9785:
9784:
9782:
9781:
9780:
9779:
9769:
9768:
9767:
9760:
9753:
9748:
9743:
9738:
9737:
9736:
9731:
9721:
9720:
9719:
9709:
9707:Insular Danish
9704:
9694:
9693:
9692:
9690:Rinkebysvenska
9687:
9676:
9674:
9670:
9669:
9667:
9666:
9659:
9652:
9651:
9650:
9643:
9631:
9626:
9625:
9624:
9617:
9610:
9604:
9598:
9593:
9588:
9583:
9578:
9573:
9568:
9557:
9555:
9551:
9550:
9548:
9547:
9546:
9545:
9538:
9536:Old East Norse
9533:
9531:Old West Norse
9521:
9513:
9511:
9504:
9494:
9493:
9477:
9476:
9473:
9472:
9469:
9468:
9465:
9464:
9462:
9461:
9454:
9453:
9452:
9442:
9437:
9436:
9435:
9434:
9433:
9428:
9423:
9418:
9413:
9411:South Tyrolean
9403:
9402:
9401:
9391:
9381:
9380:
9379:
9374:
9373:
9372:
9362:
9361:
9360:
9353:High Alemannic
9350:
9349:
9348:
9343:
9326:
9324:
9318:
9317:
9314:
9313:
9311:
9310:
9305:
9300:
9295:
9290:
9285:
9280:
9275:
9269:
9267:
9261:
9260:
9258:
9257:
9252:
9251:
9250:
9240:
9239:
9238:
9237:
9236:
9231:
9221:
9211:
9210:
9209:
9208:
9207:
9206:
9205:
9195:
9190:
9180:
9179:
9178:
9173:
9157:
9155:
9146:
9144:Central German
9140:
9139:
9137:
9136:
9135:
9134:
9129:
9122:
9117:
9112:
9102:
9097:
9096:
9095:
9085:
9083:Barossa German
9080:
9075:
9070:
9065:
9059:
9057:
9045:
9044:
9042:
9041:
9036:
9031:
9025:
9023:
9017:
9016:
9014:
9013:
9012:
9011:
8997:
8990:
8982:
8980:
8973:
8967:
8966:
8963:
8962:
8960:
8959:
8954:
8948:
8946:
8942:
8941:
8939:
8938:
8932:
8930:
8924:
8923:
8921:
8920:
8903:
8898:
8893:
8887:
8886:
8881:
8876:
8871:
8866:
8865:
8864:
8862:French Flemish
8854:
8853:
8852:
8841:
8839:
8835:
8834:
8832:
8831:
8821:
8815:
8813:
8807:
8806:
8804:
8803:
8798:
8793:
8787:
8785:
8778:
8776:Low Franconian
8772:
8771:
8768:
8767:
8765:
8764:
8763:
8762:
8752:
8747:
8742:
8737:
8731:
8729:
8723:
8722:
8720:
8719:
8714:
8709:
8708:
8707:
8697:
8696:
8695:
8690:
8685:
8684:
8683:
8678:
8670:
8665:
8660:
8655:
8644:
8642:
8636:
8635:
8633:
8632:
8625:
8617:
8615:
8608:
8602:
8601:
8598:
8597:
8594:
8593:
8591:
8590:
8589:
8588:
8583:
8582:
8581:
8580:
8579:
8577:Westereendersk
8571:
8560:
8555:
8549:
8547:
8541:
8540:
8538:
8537:
8536:
8535:
8530:
8523:
8518:
8517:
8516:
8511:
8508:
8500:
8495:
8494:
8493:
8482:
8481:
8480:
8475:
8470:
8469:
8468:
8463:
8455:
8444:
8442:
8436:
8435:
8433:
8432:
8431:
8430:
8423:
8416:
8404:
8403:
8402:
8393:
8391:
8385:
8384:
8382:
8381:
8378:Middle Frisian
8374:
8366:
8364:
8357:
8351:
8350:
8348:
8347:
8346:
8345:
8338:
8326:
8325:
8324:
8317:
8310:
8298:
8297:
8296:
8295:
8294:
8284:Modern English
8280:
8277:Middle English
8273:
8266:
8255:
8253:
8244:
8234:
8233:
8221:
8220:
8214:
8211:
8210:
8203:
8202:
8195:
8188:
8180:
8171:
8170:
8168:
8167:
8162:
8157:
8151:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8129:
8123:
8121:
8120:Sign languages
8117:
8116:
8114:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8097:
8096:
8095:
8094:
8087:
8080:
8073:
8066:
8059:
8052:
8038:
8037:
8036:
8017:
8012:
8011:
8010:
8003:
7991:
7990:
7989:
7982:
7975:
7968:
7961:
7958:Belgian French
7949:
7944:
7943:
7942:
7935:
7928:
7921:
7914:
7907:
7906:
7905:
7891:
7878:
7875:
7874:
7866:
7865:
7858:
7851:
7843:
7834:
7833:
7831:
7830:
7825:
7818:
7817:
7809:
7808:
7805:
7804:
7801:
7800:
7798:
7797:
7792:
7787:
7782:
7777:
7772:
7767:
7762:
7761:
7760:
7750:
7745:
7739:
7737:
7731:
7730:
7728:
7727:
7725:Social welfare
7722:
7717:
7712:
7707:
7702:
7697:
7692:
7686:
7680:
7674:
7673:
7670:
7669:
7667:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7654:Stock Exchange
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7626:
7621:
7615:
7609:
7603:
7602:
7599:
7598:
7596:
7595:
7593:Prime Minister
7590:
7585:
7580:
7575:
7570:
7565:
7560:
7555:
7550:
7545:
7540:
7535:
7534:
7533:
7522:
7516:
7510:
7509:
7506:
7505:
7503:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7491:
7490:
7485:
7480:
7478:Moselle Valley
7475:
7470:
7460:
7458:Extreme points
7455:
7454:
7453:
7452:
7451:
7441:
7436:
7431:
7426:
7415:
7409:
7403:
7402:
7400:
7399:
7394:
7392:Jewish history
7389:
7384:
7379:
7374:
7373:
7372:
7367:
7357:
7352:
7347:
7342:
7337:
7332:
7327:
7322:
7317:
7312:
7307:
7301:
7299:
7293:
7292:
7290: articles
7284:
7283:
7276:
7269:
7261:
7255:
7254:
7249:
7243:
7238:
7232:
7226:
7215:
7214:
7210:
7209:
7204:
7197:
7196:External links
7194:
7193:
7192:
7182:Jérôme Lulling
7174:
7160:
7146:
7133:
7123:
7106:
7105:
7098:Meyer, Antoine
7095:
7075:
7074:
7060:
7057:L'orthographe.
7041:
7027:
7003:
7002:
6975:
6954:
6951:
6949:
6948:
6934:
6925:
6896:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6880:
6866:
6834:
6809:
6780:
6754:
6727:
6692:
6670:
6640:
6626:
6612:
6591:
6588:on 8 May 2015.
6573:
6547:
6534:
6522:
6507:
6495:
6472:
6460:
6445:
6433:
6412:
6397:
6367:
6355:
6338:
6308:
6286:
6268:
6254:
6228:
6214:
6200:
6193:
6175:
6146:
6121:
6106:
6076:
6050:
6024:
5998:
5980:
5963:
5939:
5913:
5911:
5910:
5904:
5883:
5877:
5864:
5858:
5834:
5823:on 7 July 2012
5808:
5782:
5780:
5777:
5774:
5773:
5756:
5708:
5707:
5705:
5702:
5700:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5690:
5685:
5680:
5674:
5673:
5659:
5643:
5640:
5581:
5580:
5577:
5573:
5572:
5569:
5565:
5564:
5561:
5557:
5556:
5553:
5549:
5548:
5545:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5533:
5532:
5529:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5509:
5508:
5505:
5501:
5500:
5497:
5459:Sproochentest,
5436:
5433:
5402:Jérôme Lulling
5397:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5390:
5381:("oh crazy"),
5375:
5354:
5339:Schwarzes Loch
5331:schwaarzt Lach
5319:
5258:
5255:
5252:
5251:
5246:
5243:
5240:
5236:
5235:
5230:
5227:
5224:
5220:
5219:
5214:
5211:
5208:
5204:
5203:
5198:
5195:
5192:
5188:
5187:
5182:
5179:
5176:
5172:
5171:
5162:
5159:
5156:
5152:
5151:
5146:
5143:
5140:
5136:
5135:
5130:
5127:
5124:
5120:
5119:
5114:
5111:
5108:
5104:
5103:
5098:
5095:
5092:
5088:
5087:
5082:
5079:
5076:
5072:
5071:
5066:
5063:
5060:
5056:
5055:
5050:
5047:
5044:
5040:
5039:
5030:
5027:
5024:
5023:Hoe gaat het?
5020:
5019:
5014:
5013:Wie heißt du?
5011:
5008:
5004:
5003:
4998:
4995:
4992:
4988:
4987:
4985:Butcher's son.
4982:
4979:
4976:
4972:
4971:
4966:
4963:
4960:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4947:
4944:
4940:
4939:
4934:
4931:
4928:
4924:
4923:
4914:
4911:
4908:
4904:
4903:
4898:
4895:
4892:
4888:
4887:
4882:
4879:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4866:
4863:
4862:Gudden Owend.
4860:
4856:
4855:
4850:
4847:
4846:Gudde Mëtteg.
4844:
4840:
4839:
4834:
4833:Guten Morgen.
4831:
4828:
4824:
4823:
4818:
4817:in the north)
4811:
4808:
4800:
4799:
4794:
4791:
4788:
4784:
4783:
4778:
4775:
4772:
4768:
4767:
4762:
4759:
4756:
4752:
4751:
4748:
4745:
4744:Luxembourgish
4742:
4703:
4700:
4683:in German and
4663:
4662:
4621:
4619:
4612:
4606:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4599:
4596:
4584:
4583:
4582:
4581:
4572:. (cf. German
4566:
4549:
4548:
4547:
4546:
4535:
4530:. (cf. German
4518:
4517:
4516:
4515:
4505:
4504:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4497:
4487:
4486:
4482:
4481:
4480:
4479:
4469:
4468:
4461:
4460:
4459:
4458:
4448:
4447:
4443:
4442:
4441:
4440:
4434:
4425:
4424:
4420:
4419:
4418:
4417:
4410:
4405:en Hutt. Muer
4396:
4395:
4371:
4368:
4367:
4366:
4355:
4344:
4329:
4328:
4325:
4322:
4315:
4314:
4291:
4290:
4284:
4243:
4242:
4169:
4168:
4161:
4150:
4143:
4128:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4106:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4077:
4043:
4042:
4027:
4026:
4014:
4002:
3978:
3977:
3963:
3949:
3945:
3944:
3937:
3923:
3919:
3918:
3905:
3891:
3887:
3886:
3872:
3858:
3854:
3853:
3839:
3835:
3834:
3820:
3806:
3802:
3801:
3787:
3780:
3766:
3762:
3761:
3747:
3740:
3733:
3729:
3728:
3725:
3722:
3719:
3691:Enn des Mounts
3685:eiser Herrgott
3621:
3620:
3617:
3616:
3609:
3602:
3595:
3591:
3590:
3583:
3576:
3569:
3565:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3539:
3538:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3511:
3510:
3503:
3496:
3489:
3488:demonstrative
3485:
3484:
3477:
3470:
3463:
3462:def. emphatic
3459:
3458:
3451:
3444:
3437:
3433:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3416:
3415:
3412:
3409:
3400:
3397:
3396:
3389:
3382:
3375:
3371:
3370:
3363:
3356:
3352:
3351:
3344:
3337:
3333:
3332:
3323:
3316:
3309:
3305:
3304:
3297:
3290:
3283:
3282:demonstrative
3279:
3278:
3271:
3264:
3257:
3256:def. emphatic
3253:
3252:
3245:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3228:
3223:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3210:
3163:
3162:Nominal syntax
3160:
3157:
3156:
3115:
3113:
3106:
3100:
3097:
3096:
3095:
3076:
3069:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3052:
3047:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3035:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3023:
3018:
3016:
3012:
3011:
3006:
3001:
2995:
2994:
2991:
2983:
2982:
2968:
2967:
2966:
2937:
2936:
2935:
2916:
2875:
2868:/y,yː,øː,œ,œː/
2861:
2860:
2858:
2851:
2849:
2842:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2826:
2817:
2808:
2806:
2800:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2776:
2774:
2767:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2730:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2683:
2677:
2676:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2659:
2654:
2645:
2642:
2641:
2640:
2625:
2624:
2623:
2594:
2588:
2575:
2553:
2540:
2539:
2537:
2530:
2528:
2521:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2503:
2501:
2499:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2481:
2474:
2467:
2460:
2452:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2403:
2402:
2400:
2398:
2389:
2380:
2378:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2342:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2319:
2317:
2310:
2303:
2295:
2294:
2292:
2285:
2283:
2276:
2269:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2253:
2246:
2244:
2237:
2230:
2224:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2182:
2179:
2174:Main article:
2171:
2168:
2167:
2166:
2148:
2110:Main article:
2107:
2104:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2079:
2075:
2074:
2064:
2059:
2055:
2054:
2044:
2040:
2039:
2029:
2024:
2020:
2019:
2008:
2004:
2003:
1993:
1988:
1984:
1983:
1973:
1968:
1964:
1963:
1952:
1948:
1947:
1937:
1932:
1928:
1927:
1917:
1913:
1912:
1902:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1889:
1884:
1872:
1871:
1870:
1867:
1866:
1855:
1851:
1850:
1839:
1834:
1830:
1829:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1808:
1797:
1793:
1792:
1781:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1761:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1740:
1734:
1733:
1722:
1717:
1713:
1712:
1701:
1696:
1692:
1691:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1665:
1660:
1656:
1655:
1652:
1647:
1635:
1634:
1633:
1630:
1629:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1602:
1594:
1593:
1582:
1575:
1571:
1570:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1543:
1535:
1534:
1523:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1484:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1457:
1453:
1452:
1441:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1418:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1395:
1391:
1390:
1379:
1371:
1370:
1359:
1355:
1354:
1343:
1336:
1332:
1331:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1304:
1296:
1295:
1284:
1277:
1273:
1272:
1269:
1264:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1228:
1227:
1206:
1154:
1151:
1134:
1133:
1075:
984:
981:
979:
976:
955:
952:
922:), Kliärrwer (
918:), Dikrecher (
907:
904:
888:Jean Asselborn
877:naturalisation
763:
760:
723:
720:
675:
672:
658:spoken by the
629:(Amtssprachen)
581:Lëtzebuergesch
560:-səm-bur-ghish
504:
503:
490:, you may see
476:
475:
436:
428:
427:
420:
414:
413:
406:
398:
397:
390:
382:
381:
372:
364:
363:
354:
346:
345:
344:Language codes
341:
340:
337:
331:
330:
316:
314:
309:
306:
305:
300:
297:
294:
293:
289:
288:
286:
285:
280:
269:
267:
263:Writing system
260:
257:
256:
254:
253:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
234:Proto-Germanic
227:
225:
222:
219:
218:
216:
215:
214:
213:
212:
211:
210:
209:
208:
207:
206:
205:
204:
203:
202:
201:
179:Central German
157:
155:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
125:
124:
122:Western Europe
119:
115:
114:
77:
76:Native to
73:
72:
57:
53:
52:
49:Lëtzebuergesch
44:
43:
26:
18:Luxembourgeois
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
10220:
10209:
10206:
10204:
10201:
10199:
10196:
10194:
10191:
10189:
10186:
10184:
10181:
10179:
10176:
10174:
10171:
10169:
10166:
10164:
10161:
10159:
10156:
10154:
10151:
10149:
10146:
10144:
10141:
10140:
10138:
10122:
10118:
10116:
10112:
10109:
10108:
10105:
10091:
10088:
10086:
10083:
10081:
10078:
10076:
10073:
10071:
10068:
10066:
10065:Germanic verb
10063:
10062:
10060:
10056:
10050:
10047:
10045:
10042:
10040:
10037:
10035:
10032:
10030:
10027:
10025:
10022:
10020:
10017:
10015:
10012:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10004:Sievers's law
10002:
10000:
9997:
9995:
9992:
9990:
9987:
9986:
9984:
9980:
9974:
9971:
9969:
9966:
9964:
9961:
9959:
9956:
9955:
9953:
9951:Reconstructed
9949:
9943:
9942:
9938:
9936:
9935:
9931:
9929:
9928:
9924:
9923:
9918:
9915:
9913:
9910:
9908:
9905:
9904:
9903:
9900:
9898:
9895:
9893:
9890:
9889:
9887:
9885:
9881:
9877:
9873:
9868:
9864:
9850:
9849:
9845:
9843:
9842:
9838:
9835:
9834:
9829:
9828:
9824:
9823:
9821:
9819:
9818:
9813:
9801:
9798:
9796:
9793:
9792:
9790:
9789:
9786:
9778:
9775:
9774:
9773:
9770:
9766:
9765:
9764:Middle Danish
9761:
9759:
9758:
9754:
9752:
9749:
9747:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9735:
9732:
9730:
9727:
9726:
9725:
9722:
9718:
9715:
9714:
9713:
9710:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9699:
9698:
9695:
9691:
9688:
9686:
9683:
9682:
9681:
9678:
9677:
9675:
9671:
9665:
9664:
9660:
9658:
9657:
9653:
9649:
9648:
9644:
9642:
9641:
9640:Old Icelandic
9637:
9636:
9635:
9632:
9630:
9627:
9623:
9622:
9618:
9616:
9615:
9614:Old Norwegian
9611:
9608:
9605:
9602:
9599:
9597:
9594:
9592:
9589:
9587:
9584:
9582:
9579:
9577:
9574:
9572:
9569:
9567:
9564:
9563:
9562:
9559:
9558:
9556:
9552:
9544:
9543:
9539:
9537:
9534:
9532:
9529:
9528:
9527:
9526:
9522:
9520:
9519:
9515:
9514:
9512:
9508:
9505:
9503:
9499:
9495:
9491:
9487:
9482:
9478:
9460:
9459:
9455:
9451:
9448:
9447:
9446:
9443:
9441:
9438:
9432:
9431:Gottscheerish
9429:
9427:
9424:
9422:
9419:
9417:
9414:
9412:
9409:
9408:
9407:
9404:
9400:
9397:
9396:
9395:
9392:
9390:
9387:
9386:
9385:
9382:
9378:
9375:
9371:
9370:Walser German
9368:
9367:
9366:
9363:
9359:
9356:
9355:
9354:
9351:
9347:
9344:
9342:
9339:
9338:
9337:
9336:Low Alemannic
9334:
9333:
9331:
9328:
9327:
9325:
9323:
9319:
9309:
9306:
9304:
9301:
9299:
9298:High Prussian
9296:
9294:
9291:
9289:
9286:
9284:
9283:Erzgebirgisch
9281:
9279:
9276:
9274:
9271:
9270:
9268:
9266:
9262:
9256:
9253:
9249:
9246:
9245:
9244:
9241:
9235:
9232:
9230:
9227:
9226:
9225:
9222:
9220:
9217:
9216:
9215:
9212:
9204:
9201:
9200:
9199:
9196:
9194:
9191:
9189:
9188:Luxembourgish
9186:
9185:
9184:
9181:
9177:
9174:
9172:
9169:
9168:
9167:
9164:
9163:
9162:
9159:
9158:
9156:
9154:
9150:
9147:
9145:
9141:
9133:
9130:
9128:
9127:
9126:Klezmer-loshn
9123:
9121:
9120:Scots Yiddish
9118:
9116:
9113:
9111:
9108:
9107:
9106:
9103:
9101:
9098:
9094:
9091:
9090:
9089:
9086:
9084:
9081:
9079:
9076:
9074:
9071:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9060:
9058:
9056:
9051:
9046:
9040:
9037:
9035:
9032:
9030:
9027:
9026:
9024:
9022:
9018:
9010:
9009:
9005:
9004:
9003:
9002:
8998:
8996:
8995:
8991:
8989:
8988:
8984:
8983:
8981:
8977:
8974:
8972:
8968:
8958:
8957:Meuse-Rhenish
8955:
8953:
8950:
8949:
8947:
8943:
8937:
8934:
8933:
8931:
8929:
8925:
8919:
8915:
8911:
8907:
8904:
8902:
8899:
8897:
8894:
8892:
8889:
8888:
8885:
8884:Kleverlandish
8882:
8880:
8877:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8863:
8860:
8859:
8858:
8855:
8851:
8848:
8847:
8846:
8845:Central Dutch
8843:
8842:
8840:
8836:
8829:
8825:
8822:
8820:
8817:
8816:
8814:
8812:
8808:
8802:
8799:
8797:
8794:
8792:
8789:
8788:
8786:
8782:
8779:
8777:
8773:
8761:
8758:
8757:
8756:
8753:
8751:
8748:
8746:
8743:
8741:
8738:
8736:
8733:
8732:
8730:
8728:
8724:
8718:
8715:
8713:
8710:
8706:
8703:
8702:
8701:
8698:
8694:
8691:
8689:
8686:
8682:
8679:
8677:
8674:
8673:
8671:
8669:
8666:
8664:
8661:
8659:
8656:
8654:
8653:Stellingwarfs
8651:
8650:
8649:
8646:
8645:
8643:
8641:
8637:
8631:
8630:
8626:
8624:
8623:
8619:
8618:
8616:
8612:
8609:
8607:
8603:
8587:
8584:
8578:
8575:
8574:
8573:Wood Frisian
8572:
8569:
8568:
8567:
8564:
8563:
8561:
8559:
8556:
8554:
8551:
8550:
8548:
8546:
8542:
8534:
8531:
8529:
8528:
8524:
8522:
8519:
8515:
8512:
8509:
8506:
8505:
8504:
8501:
8499:
8496:
8491:
8490:
8489:
8486:
8485:
8483:
8479:
8476:
8474:
8471:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8458:
8456:
8454:
8453:
8449:
8448:
8446:
8445:
8443:
8441:
8440:North Frisian
8437:
8429:
8428:
8424:
8422:
8421:
8417:
8415:
8414:
8410:
8409:
8408:
8405:
8401:
8398:
8397:
8395:
8394:
8392:
8390:
8386:
8380:
8379:
8375:
8373:
8372:
8368:
8367:
8365:
8361:
8358:
8356:
8352:
8344:
8343:
8339:
8337:
8336:
8332:
8331:
8330:
8327:
8323:
8322:
8318:
8316:
8315:
8311:
8309:
8308:
8304:
8303:
8302:
8299:
8293:
8292:
8288:
8287:
8286:
8285:
8281:
8279:
8278:
8274:
8272:
8271:
8267:
8265:
8262:
8261:
8260:
8257:
8256:
8254:
8252:
8248:
8245:
8243:
8242:Anglo-Frisian
8239:
8235:
8231:
8226:
8222:
8218:
8212:
8208:
8201:
8196:
8194:
8189:
8187:
8182:
8181:
8178:
8166:
8163:
8161:
8158:
8156:
8153:
8152:
8149:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8128:
8125:
8124:
8122:
8118:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8101:Luxembourgish
8099:
8092:
8088:
8085:
8081:
8078:
8074:
8071:
8070:Stellingwarfs
8067:
8064:
8060:
8057:
8053:
8050:
8046:
8045:
8043:
8039:
8034:
8030:
8029:
8027:
8023:
8022:
8021:
8018:
8016:
8013:
8008:
8004:
8001:
7997:
7996:
7995:
7992:
7987:
7983:
7980:
7976:
7973:
7969:
7966:
7962:
7959:
7955:
7954:
7953:
7950:
7948:
7945:
7940:
7936:
7933:
7929:
7926:
7922:
7919:
7918:Kleverlandish
7915:
7912:
7908:
7903:
7899:
7898:
7896:
7895:Central Dutch
7892:
7889:
7885:
7884:
7883:
7880:
7879:
7876:
7872:
7864:
7859:
7857:
7852:
7850:
7845:
7844:
7841:
7829:
7826:
7824:
7821:
7820:
7815:
7811:
7810:
7806:
7796:
7793:
7791:
7788:
7786:
7783:
7781:
7778:
7776:
7773:
7771:
7768:
7766:
7763:
7759:
7756:
7755:
7754:
7751:
7749:
7746:
7744:
7741:
7740:
7738:
7736:
7732:
7726:
7723:
7721:
7718:
7716:
7713:
7711:
7708:
7706:
7703:
7701:
7698:
7696:
7693:
7691:
7688:
7687:
7684:
7681:
7679:
7675:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7625:
7622:
7620:
7617:
7616:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7604:
7594:
7591:
7589:
7586:
7584:
7581:
7579:
7576:
7574:
7571:
7569:
7566:
7564:
7561:
7559:
7556:
7554:
7551:
7549:
7546:
7544:
7541:
7539:
7536:
7532:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7524:
7523:
7520:
7517:
7515:
7511:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7489:
7486:
7484:
7481:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7465:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7450:
7447:
7446:
7445:
7442:
7440:
7437:
7435:
7432:
7430:
7427:
7425:
7422:
7421:
7420:
7417:
7416:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7404:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7371:
7368:
7366:
7363:
7362:
7361:
7358:
7356:
7353:
7351:
7348:
7346:
7343:
7341:
7338:
7336:
7333:
7331:
7328:
7326:
7323:
7321:
7318:
7316:
7313:
7311:
7308:
7306:
7303:
7302:
7300:
7298:
7294:
7289:
7282:
7277:
7275:
7270:
7268:
7263:
7262:
7259:
7253:
7250:
7247:
7244:
7242:
7239:
7236:
7233:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7221:
7217:
7216:
7212:
7211:
7208:
7205:
7203:
7200:
7199:
7191:
7187:
7183:
7179:
7175:
7173:
7172:3-89416-310-0
7169:
7165:
7161:
7159:
7158:3-484-31140-1
7155:
7151:
7147:
7143:
7139:
7134:
7132:
7128:
7124:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7110:
7103:
7099:
7096:
7094:
7090:
7086:
7082:
7081:
7080:
7079:
7073:
7069:
7065:
7061:
7058:
7054:
7050:
7046:
7042:
7040:
7039:2-7475-6289-1
7036:
7032:
7028:
7026:
7025:2-495-00025-8
7022:
7018:
7014:
7011:BRAUN, Josy,
7010:
7009:
7008:
7007:
6996:
6992:
6988:
6981:
6976:
6974:
6973:0-19-824016-3
6970:
6966:
6962:
6961:
6960:
6959:
6942:
6941:
6935:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6922:
6917:
6913:
6909:
6902:
6897:
6894:
6890:
6889:
6876:
6870:
6854:
6847:
6841:
6839:
6823:
6819:
6813:
6797:
6793:
6787:
6785:
6768:
6764:
6758:
6742:
6738:
6731:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6701:
6699:
6697:
6680:
6674:
6658:
6654:
6650:
6644:
6636:
6630:
6622:
6616:
6601:
6595:
6587:
6583:
6577:
6561:
6557:
6551:
6544:
6538:
6532:, p. 72.
6531:
6526:
6520:, p. 71.
6519:
6514:
6512:
6505:, p. 75.
6504:
6499:
6493:, p. 70.
6492:
6487:
6485:
6483:
6481:
6479:
6477:
6469:
6464:
6458:, p. 68.
6457:
6452:
6450:
6443:, p. 69.
6442:
6437:
6431:, p. 72.
6430:
6425:
6423:
6421:
6419:
6417:
6410:, p. 67.
6409:
6404:
6402:
6385:
6381:
6379:
6371:
6364:
6359:
6352:
6348:
6345:"Et get kèèn
6342:
6326:
6322:
6320:
6312:
6306:
6302:
6298:
6293:
6291:
6282:
6278:
6272:
6264:
6258:
6242:
6238:
6232:
6224:
6218:
6210:
6204:
6196:
6190:
6186:
6179:
6163:
6156:
6150:
6135:
6131:
6125:
6117:
6110:
6094:
6090:
6088:
6080:
6065:
6064:The Dockyards
6061:
6054:
6039:
6035:
6028:
6013:
6009:
6002:
5991:
5984:
5973:
5967:
5949:
5943:
5927:
5923:
5917:
5907:
5905:9780021496259
5901:
5897:
5892:
5891:
5884:
5880:
5878:9789287102393
5874:
5870:
5865:
5861:
5859:9783110155099
5855:
5851:
5847:
5842:
5841:
5838:
5822:
5818:
5812:
5804:
5798:
5797:
5792:
5791:Luxembourgish
5787:
5783:
5760:
5748:
5713:
5709:
5694:
5691:
5689:
5686:
5684:
5681:
5679:
5676:
5675:
5671:
5665:
5660:
5657:
5646:
5639:
5637:
5633:
5629:
5626:
5622:
5617:
5615:
5610:
5608:
5604:
5600:
5596:
5592:
5588:
5578:
5575:
5574:
5570:
5567:
5566:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5554:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5543:
5542:
5538:
5535:
5534:
5530:
5527:
5526:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5514:
5511:
5510:
5506:
5503:
5502:
5494:
5489:
5487:
5482:
5478:
5476:
5470:
5467:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5452:
5447:
5445:
5441:
5432:
5429:
5428:endowed chair
5425:
5420:
5418:
5414:
5409:
5407:
5403:
5388:
5384:
5380:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5361:
5358:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5348:
5344:
5340:
5336:
5332:
5328:
5324:
5320:
5318:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5302:
5298:
5294:
5290:
5286:
5282:
5281:
5280:
5277:
5275:
5271:
5267:
5263:
5250:
5247:
5244:
5241:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5231:
5228:
5225:
5222:
5221:
5218:
5215:
5212:
5209:
5206:
5205:
5202:
5199:
5196:
5193:
5190:
5189:
5186:
5183:
5180:
5177:
5174:
5173:
5170:
5166:
5163:
5160:
5157:
5154:
5153:
5150:
5147:
5144:
5141:
5138:
5137:
5134:
5131:
5128:
5125:
5122:
5121:
5118:
5115:
5112:
5109:
5106:
5105:
5102:
5099:
5096:
5093:
5090:
5089:
5086:
5083:
5080:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5070:
5067:
5064:
5061:
5058:
5057:
5054:
5051:
5048:
5045:
5042:
5041:
5038:
5034:
5031:
5028:
5026:Wéi geet et?
5025:
5022:
5021:
5018:
5015:
5012:
5009:
5007:Hoe heet je?
5006:
5005:
5002:
4999:
4996:
4993:
4990:
4989:
4986:
4983:
4980:
4977:
4975:Slagerszoon.
4974:
4973:
4970:
4967:
4964:
4961:
4958:
4957:
4954:
4951:
4948:
4945:
4942:
4941:
4938:
4937:I don't know.
4935:
4932:
4929:
4926:
4925:
4922:
4918:
4915:
4912:
4909:
4906:
4905:
4902:
4899:
4896:
4893:
4890:
4889:
4886:
4883:
4880:
4877:
4874:
4873:
4870:
4869:Good evening.
4867:
4865:Guten Abend.
4864:
4861:
4859:Goedenavond.
4858:
4857:
4854:
4851:
4848:
4845:
4842:
4841:
4838:
4837:Good morning.
4835:
4832:
4830:Gudde Moien.
4829:
4827:Goedemorgen.
4826:
4825:
4822:
4819:
4816:
4813:Hallo. (also
4812:
4809:
4806:
4803:Hallo. (also
4802:
4801:
4798:
4795:
4792:
4789:
4786:
4785:
4782:
4779:
4776:
4773:
4770:
4769:
4766:
4763:
4760:
4757:
4754:
4753:
4749:
4746:
4743:
4740:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4729:
4717:
4713:
4708:
4699:
4697:
4693:
4688:
4686:
4682:
4678:
4674:
4670:
4659:
4656:
4648:
4638:
4634:
4628:
4627:
4622:This section
4620:
4616:
4611:
4610:
4597:
4595:
4591:
4590:
4589:
4588:
4587:
4579:
4575:
4571:
4568:Ech hunn net
4567:
4564:
4561:. (cf. Dutch
4560:
4557:Ech hunn net
4556:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4552:
4544:
4541:. (cf. Dutch
4540:
4536:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4524:
4523:
4522:
4521:
4513:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4502:
4501:
4495:
4491:
4490:
4489:
4488:
4484:
4483:
4477:
4473:
4472:
4471:
4470:
4466:
4465:
4464:
4456:
4452:
4451:
4450:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4438:
4435:
4432:
4429:
4428:
4427:
4426:
4422:
4421:
4415:
4411:
4408:
4404:
4400:
4399:
4398:
4397:
4393:
4389:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4377:
4364:
4360:
4356:
4353:
4349:
4345:
4342:
4338:
4335:al ("old") →
4334:
4333:
4332:
4326:
4323:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4308:
4307:am schéinsten
4304:
4300:
4296:
4288:
4285:
4282:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4273:
4271:
4267:
4263:
4262:
4256:
4252:
4248:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4229:
4225:
4221:
4217:
4213:
4209:
4205:
4200:
4198:
4194:
4191:, and plural
4190:
4186:
4182:
4178:
4174:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4148:
4144:
4141:
4137:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4125:
4121:
4118:
4114:
4111:
4107:
4104:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4096:
4092:
4091:predicatively
4088:
4087:attributively
4074:
4072:
4068:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4056:
4053:
4048:
4039:
4037:
4032:
4031:
4030:
4023:
4021:
4015:
4011:
4009:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3986:
3974:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3954:
3947:
3946:
3942:
3934:
3928:
3921:
3920:
3916:
3910:
3902:
3896:
3889:
3888:
3883:
3877:
3869:
3863:
3856:
3855:
3850:
3844:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3825:
3817:
3811:
3804:
3803:
3798:
3792:
3785:
3777:
3771:
3764:
3763:
3758:
3752:
3745:
3738:
3731:
3730:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3711:
3709:
3704:
3698:
3692:
3686:
3680:
3674:
3671:
3665:
3659:
3653:
3647:
3641:
3635:
3629:
3614:
3607:
3600:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3581:
3574:
3567:
3566:
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3540:
3535:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3512:
3508:
3501:
3494:
3487:
3486:
3482:
3475:
3468:
3461:
3460:
3456:
3449:
3442:
3435:
3434:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3407:
3401:
3394:
3387:
3380:
3373:
3372:
3368:
3361:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3321:
3314:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3295:
3288:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3269:
3262:
3255:
3254:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3218:
3208:
3202:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3153:
3150:
3142:
3132:
3128:
3122:
3121:
3116:This section
3114:
3110:
3105:
3104:
3077:
3070:
3064:
3063:
3055:
3053:
3048:
3045:
3038:
3036:
3031:
3028:
3024:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3010:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3000:
2997:
2993:Ending point
2989:
2969:
2962:
2949:
2948:
2938:
2931:
2923:
2917:
2912:
2896:
2888:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2856:
2852:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2823:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2793:
2790:
2782:
2777:
2775:
2772:
2768:
2765:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2747:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2731:
2727:
2722:
2719:
2715:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2687:
2684:
2682:
2679:
2678:
2675:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2658:
2652:
2636:
2626:
2611:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2576:
2573:
2563:
2554:
2551:
2544:
2543:
2538:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2500:
2498:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2465:
2461:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2442:
2438:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2421:
2417:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2395:
2390:
2386:
2381:
2379:
2376:
2372:
2371:
2368:
2366:
2363:
2359:
2356:
2352:
2348:
2343:
2340:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2327:
2324:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2301:
2297:
2296:
2293:
2290:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2277:
2274:
2270:
2267:
2263:
2261:
2257:
2254:
2251:
2247:
2245:
2242:
2238:
2235:
2231:
2229:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2196:
2190:
2188:
2177:
2165:"forty-five".
2163:
2157:
2155:
2149:
2145:
2139:
2137:
2131:
2130:
2129:
2119:
2113:
2112:Eifeler Regel
2106:Eifeler Regel
2098:
2088:
2086:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2072:
2071:
2065:
2057:
2056:
2052:
2051:
2045:
2042:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2030:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2015:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
2000:
1994:
1986:
1985:
1981:
1980:
1974:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1959:
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1944:
1938:
1930:
1929:
1925:
1923:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1909:
1903:
1895:
1894:
1890:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1873:
1864:
1862:
1856:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1840:
1832:
1831:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1814:
1811:
1810:
1806:
1804:
1798:
1795:
1794:
1790:
1788:
1782:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1762:
1757:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1747:
1741:
1736:
1735:
1731:
1729:
1723:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1708:
1702:
1697:
1694:
1693:
1689:
1687:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1673:
1672:
1666:
1658:
1657:
1653:
1651:
1648:
1645:
1644:
1638:
1637:
1636:
1627:
1625:
1619:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1603:
1600:
1595:
1591:
1589:
1583:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1552:
1550:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1532:
1530:
1524:
1521:
1517:
1513:
1509:
1507:
1501:
1498:
1497:
1493:
1491:
1485:
1482:
1477:
1473:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1448:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1432:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1419:
1416:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1404:
1402:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1360:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1344:
1341:
1334:
1333:
1329:
1327:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1311:
1305:
1302:
1297:
1293:
1291:
1285:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1268:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1258:Monophthongs
1255:
1254:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1224:
1220:(from German
1218:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1197:
1191:
1186:
1185:
1184:
1182:
1166:
1160:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1123:
1122:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1113:
1107:
1106:
1105:
1098:
1092:
1086:
1080:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1071:
1065:
1064:
1063:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1049:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1006:
1001:, the use of
995:
990:
975:
972:
967:
965:
961:
951:
949:
943:
941:
937:
933:
929:
925:
921:
917:
913:
903:
901:
897:
893:
889:
886:
882:
878:
874:
873:1999 election
870:
865:
862:
860:
856:
852:
847:
845:
841:
840:United States
837:
833:
830:
825:
823:
819:
815:
812:(part of the
811:
807:
802:
800:
796:
792:
784:
779:
773:
768:
759:
757:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
733:
730:group of the
729:
719:
715:
713:
709:
705:
701:
693:
671:
669:
665:
661:
657:
652:
651:
645:
641:
637:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
602:West Germanic
599:
592:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
569:Luxembourgian
566:
562:
561:
552:
510:
509:Luxembourgish
501:
497:
493:
489:
485:
483:
477:
472:
471:
470:
464:
460:
459:
458:
452:
451:
450:
444:
440:
434:
429:
425:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
405:
404:
399:
395:
391:
388:
383:
378:
373:
370:
365:
360:
355:
352:
347:
342:
338:
336:
332:
327:
323:
319:
315:
307:
304:
301:
295:
290:
284:
281:
278:
274:
271:
270:
268:
264:
258:
245:
244:
242:
241:
240:
237:
236:
235:
232:
231:
230:
226:
220:
200:
199:Luxembourgish
197:
196:
195:
192:
191:
190:
187:
186:
185:
182:
181:
180:
177:
176:
175:
172:
171:
170:
169:West Germanic
167:
166:
165:
162:
161:
160:
159:Indo-European
156:
152:
146:
142:
136:
133:
132:Luxembourgers
130:
126:
123:
120:
116:
113:
109:
105:
101:
97:
93:
89:
85:
81:
78:
74:
68:
62:
58:
56:Pronunciation
54:
50:
45:
42:Luxembourgish
40:
37:
33:
32:Luxembourgers
19:
10110:
9994:Verner's law
9939:
9934:Gotho-Nordic
9932:
9925:
9846:
9839:
9831:
9825:
9815:
9800:Fårö Gutnish
9762:
9755:
9661:
9654:
9645:
9638:
9619:
9612:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9523:
9516:
9456:
9358:Swiss German
9322:Upper German
9255:Amana German
9229:Volga German
9198:Hunsrückisch
9187:
9124:
9078:Unserdeutsch
9073:Berlinerisch
9006:
8999:
8992:
8985:
8945:Cover groups
8901:Mohawk Dutch
8896:Jersey Dutch
8874:East Flemish
8857:West Flemish
8801:Middle Dutch
8755:Low Prussian
8627:
8620:
8586:Terschelling
8570:Clay Frisian
8545:West Frisian
8533:Wiedingharde
8525:
8513:
8473:Heligolandic
8450:
8425:
8418:
8411:
8406:
8389:East Frisian
8376:
8369:
8342:Middle Scots
8340:
8333:
8319:
8312:
8305:
8300:
8289:
8282:
8275:
8268:
8111:West Frisian
8100:
7925:West Flemish
7911:East Flemish
7720:Social class
7690:Demographics
7185:
7163:
7149:
7141:
7137:
7126:
7119:
7115:
7108:
7107:
7101:
7084:
7077:
7076:
7063:
7056:
7052:
7048:
7044:
7030:
7016:
7012:
7005:
7004:
6995:the original
6990:
6986:
6964:
6957:
6956:
6939:
6928:
6914:(1): 67–74,
6911:
6907:
6892:
6885:Bibliography
6869:
6857:. Retrieved
6852:
6825:. Retrieved
6822:today.rtl.lu
6821:
6812:
6800:. Retrieved
6795:
6771:. Retrieved
6766:
6757:
6745:. Retrieved
6740:
6730:
6718:. Retrieved
6714:the original
6709:
6683:. Retrieved
6673:
6661:. Retrieved
6657:the original
6652:
6643:
6629:
6615:
6605:11 September
6603:. Retrieved
6594:
6586:the original
6576:
6564:. Retrieved
6560:the original
6550:
6542:
6537:
6525:
6498:
6463:
6436:
6390:15 September
6388:. Retrieved
6384:the original
6377:
6370:
6362:
6358:
6350:
6346:
6341:
6331:15 September
6329:. Retrieved
6325:the original
6318:
6311:
6280:
6271:
6257:
6245:. Retrieved
6241:the original
6231:
6217:
6203:
6184:
6178:
6166:. Retrieved
6161:
6149:
6139:28 September
6137:. Retrieved
6133:
6124:
6115:
6109:
6099:15 September
6097:. Retrieved
6093:the original
6086:
6079:
6067:. Retrieved
6063:
6053:
6043:18 September
6041:. Retrieved
6037:
6027:
6017:18 September
6015:. Retrieved
6011:
6001:
5983:
5966:
5954:. Retrieved
5942:
5930:. Retrieved
5926:the original
5916:
5889:
5868:
5849:
5837:
5825:. Retrieved
5821:the original
5811:
5794:
5786:
5759:
5712:
5630:
5618:
5611:
5584:
5485:
5483:
5479:
5473:
5471:
5463:
5458:
5448:
5443:
5438:
5421:
5412:
5410:
5406:spellchecker
5399:
5386:
5382:
5378:
5371:
5367:
5363:
5359:
5350:
5346:
5342:
5338:
5330:
5327:Suchmaschine
5326:
5323:Sichmaschinn
5322:
5316:
5312:
5308:
5304:
5300:
5296:
5292:
5288:
5284:
5278:
5260:
5248:
5232:
5216:
5200:
5184:
5168:
5164:
5148:
5132:
5116:
5100:
5084:
5068:
5052:
5036:
5033:How are you?
5032:
5029:Wie geht's?
5016:
5000:
4984:
4968:
4952:
4936:
4920:
4916:
4900:
4884:
4868:
4852:
4836:
4820:
4814:
4804:
4796:
4793:Vielleicht.
4780:
4764:
4733:
4721:
4695:
4691:
4689:
4684:
4680:
4677:Swiss German
4669:Buschauffeur
4668:
4666:
4651:
4642:
4631:Please help
4626:verification
4623:
4593:
4585:
4573:
4570:komme kënnen
4569:
4562:
4559:kënne kommen
4558:
4550:
4542:
4538:
4531:
4527:
4519:
4511:
4493:
4475:
4462:
4454:
4436:
4430:
4413:
4406:
4402:
4391:
4380:SOV language
4373:
4362:
4358:
4351:
4347:
4340:
4336:
4330:
4316:
4306:
4302:
4298:
4294:
4292:
4286:
4280:
4276:
4269:
4265:
4260:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4244:
4235:
4231:
4227:
4223:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4201:
4196:
4192:
4188:
4184:
4180:
4176:
4172:
4170:
4164:
4157:
4153:
4146:
4139:
4135:
4129:
4123:
4116:
4109:
4102:
4094:
4084:
4070:
4066:
4062:
4046:
4044:
4035:
4028:
4019:
4007:
3981:
3712:
3675:
3624:
3594:"her/their"
3374:"her/their"
3196:
3165:
3145:
3136:
3125:Please help
3120:verification
3117:
2874:also occur.
2872:/õː,ɛ̃ː,ɑ̃ː/
2581:
2571:
2549:
2211:Postalveolar
2184:
2153:
2147:"when we go"
2135:
2117:
2115:
2096:
2084:
2069:
2049:
2034:
2013:
1998:
1978:
1957:
1942:
1921:
1907:
1860:
1844:
1823:
1802:
1786:
1766:
1745:
1727:
1706:
1685:
1670:
1623:
1607:
1587:
1564:
1548:
1528:
1505:
1489:
1469:
1446:
1423:
1400:
1384:
1364:
1348:
1325:
1309:
1289:
1229:
1162:
1144:
1140:
1138:
1135:
1125:
1117:
1109:
1101:
1100:(cf. French
1067:
1059:
1051:
1044:(cf. German
986:
968:
957:
948:koineization
944:
926:), Miseler (
909:
866:
863:
855:Transylvania
848:
826:
803:
788:
782:
752:Transylvania
725:
716:
712:pluricentric
700:World War II
697:
664:Transylvania
633:
628:
610:
572:
568:
565:Luxemburgish
564:
508:
507:
479:
466:
454:
446:
418:Linguasphere
401:
198:
36:
10009:Kluge's law
9989:Grimm's law
9772:Dalecarlian
9751:Perkerdansk
9724:East Danish
9542:Old Gutnish
9518:Proto-Norse
9458:Langobardic
9450:Vogtlandian
9278:Upper Saxon
9132:Lachoudisch
9093:Lotegorisch
8971:High German
8717:Westphalian
8712:Eastphalian
8676:Achterhooks
8553:Hindeloopen
8488:Bökingharde
8457:Föhr–Amrum
8371:Old Frisian
8335:Early Scots
8270:Old English
8049:Achterhoeks
8042:Westphalian
7994:High German
7619:Accountancy
7573:LGBT rights
7148:BERG, Guy,
6743:(in German)
6681:(in French)
6168:15 February
6164:(in French)
5716:The letter
5634:politician
5499:Percentage
5475:improbable.
5466:Alain Atten
5223:Aardappel.
4875:Tot ziens.
4849:Guten Tag.
4714:during the
4687:in French.
4388:finite verb
4247:superlative
4204:comparative
4195:changes to
3514:indefinite
3308:indefinite
3188:determiners
2582:spadséieren
2517:Approximant
2144:wa mer ginn
1641:Diphthongs
989:orthography
934:), Veiner (
930:), Stater (
650:Dachsprache
625:Switzerland
494:instead of
223:Early forms
10137:Categories
9841:Burgundian
9757:Old Danish
9746:Gøtudanskt
9729:Bornholmsk
9591:Vestlandsk
9571:Kebabnorsk
9308:Halcnovian
9273:Thuringian
8936:Limburgish
8906:Stadsfries
8879:Brabantian
8606:Low German
8452:Eiderstedt
8307:Fingallian
8106:Papiamento
8020:Low German
8015:Limburgish
7965:Champenois
7939:Stadsfries
7888:Brabantian
7775:Newspapers
7700:Euthanasia
7639:Euro coins
7377:Partitions
7365:Occupation
7288:Luxembourg
7047:. Band 1:
6958:In English
6859:15 January
6827:13 October
6802:16 October
6773:16 October
6747:12 October
6720:12 October
6685:12 October
6663:12 October
6378:Mémorial A
6363:Mémorial B
6319:Mémorial A
6247:13 October
6087:Mémorial A
6069:16 January
6038:BBC Travel
5956:8 November
5796:Ethnologue
5779:References
5607:Arelerland
5379:oh mëllen!
5337:, German:
5335:black hole
5272:, and the
5262:Neologisms
5257:Neologisms
5201:Child, kid
4969:Excuse me?
4901:Thank you.
4696:Kartoffeln
4605:Vocabulary
4528:komme kann
4394:-questions
4370:Word order
4352:méi fréien
4268:, English
4236:méi schéin
4183:), neuter
4156:Meedchen (
4152:dat grouss
4081:Adjectives
3724:accusative
3721:nominative
3679:der Däiwel
3568:"his/its"
3355:"his/its"
3180:accusative
3176:nominative
2181:Consonants
1157:See also:
932:Luxembourg
916:Echternach
808:region of
806:Arelerland
606:Luxembourg
303:Luxembourg
102:district,
100:Saint-Vith
96:Arelerland
80:Luxembourg
10121:varieties
10113:indicate
9927:Northwest
9872:Philology
9777:Elfdalian
9712:Jutlandic
9634:Icelandic
9609:(written)
9603:(written)
9581:Trøndersk
9561:Norwegian
9525:Old Norse
9346:Coloniero
9330:Alemannic
9303:Wymysorys
9171:Colognian
9166:Ripuarian
9088:Rotwelsch
8918:Midslands
8869:Zeelandic
8850:Hollandic
8824:Afrikaans
8796:Old Dutch
8622:Old Saxon
8521:Karrharde
8503:Goesharde
8484:Mainland
8217:philology
8007:Ripuarian
7932:Zeelandic
7902:Hollandic
7705:Languages
7695:Education
7664:Transport
7644:RTL Group
7558:Elections
7483:Red Lands
7424:Districts
7407:Geography
7370:Holocaust
7109:In German
7006:In French
5995:. uni.lu.
5636:Fred Keup
5411:The LaF (
5301:Come-back
5226:Gromper.
4790:Vläicht.
4692:Gromperen
4681:Busfahrer
4645:July 2023
4539:ka kommen
4512:schwätzen
4363:méi laang
4270:prettiest
4140:masculine
4134:de grouss
4103:masculine
4018:Wéi hutt
4006:Wéi hutt
3542:negative
3436:definite
3420:masculine
3336:negative
3237:definite
3221:masculine
3139:July 2023
3092:/æːɪ,æːʊ/
3073:/æːɪ,æːʊ/
2758:Close-mid
2669:unrounded
2568:/k,t͡s,ʃ/
2413:voiceless
2407:Fricative
2339:voiceless
2333:Affricate
2170:Phonology
1883:Spelling
1646:Spelling
1263:Spelling
1181:loanwords
906:Varieties
424:52-ACB-db
403:Glottolog
387:ISO 639-3
369:ISO 639-2
351:ISO 639-1
128:Ethnicity
10208:St. Vith
9848:Vandalic
9791:Gutnish
9596:Vikværsk
9576:Sognamål
9566:Bergensk
9416:Cimbrian
9384:Bavarian
9341:Alsatian
9288:Lusatian
9224:Palatine
8914:Amelands
8791:Frankish
8681:Sallaans
8663:Gronings
8514:Southern
8507:Northern
8498:Halligen
8447:Insular
8264:dialects
8063:Sallands
8033:Gronings
7823:Category
7715:Religion
7578:Military
7568:Monarchy
7514:Politics
7463:Guttland
7449:quarters
7434:Communes
7144:: 20–35.
7051:Band 2:
6710:MOIEN.LU
6653:MOIEN.LU
5932:21 March
5827:21 March
5642:See also
5599:Lorraine
5587:Alsatian
5351:Webseite
5305:Terminal
5274:Internet
4921:What for
4910:Firwat?
4885:Goodbye.
4774:Nee(n).
4771:Nee(n).
4750:English
4359:längerer
4279:schéinst
4187:goes to
4175:goes to
4147:feminine
4110:feminine
4049:pronoun
3430:feminine
3411:singular
3231:feminine
3212:singular
3192:pronouns
3084:/æːʊ–ɑʊ/
3080:/æːɪ–ɑɪ/
2804:Open-mid
2574:('two').
2206:Alveolar
2138:ech ginn
1891:Example
1654:Example
1271:Example
1208:German:
1187:French:
1153:Alphabet
1104:bulletin
1062:schwätzt
1041:veinejer
1029:rééjelen
1015:⟩
1011:⟨
1007:⟩
1003:⟨
924:Clervaux
920:Diekirch
818:Lorraine
500:Help:IPA
443:isogloss
410:luxe1243
239:Frankish
164:Germanic
84:Saarland
10111:Italics
9734:Scanian
9680:Swedish
9629:Faroese
9607:Nynorsk
9586:Valdris
9421:Mòcheno
9377:Swabian
9243:Hessian
9203:Hunsrik
9115:Western
9110:Eastern
9105:Yiddish
9055:creoles
8952:Bergish
8668:Drèents
8658:Tweants
8510:Central
8492:Mooring
8355:Frisian
8314:Kildare
8259:English
8077:Tweants
8056:Drèents
7986:Walloon
7972:Lorrain
7947:English
7871:Benelux
7814:Outline
7753:Cuisine
7735:Culture
7678:Society
7629:Benelux
7607:Economy
7429:Cantons
7297:History
7229:Luxdico
7055:Band 3:
6566:26 July
5724:before
5597:and in
5579:67.77%
5571:68.35%
5563:68.78%
5555:69.17%
5547:69.65%
5539:70.07%
5531:70.51%
5507:99.0%
5370:, e.g.
5347:Websäit
5317:Tip-top
5297:Fitness
5285:Browser
5242:Brout.
5239:Brood.
5233:Potato.
5158:Iesel.
5091:Thuis.
4897:Danke.
4894:Merci.
4810:Moien.
4671:(as in
4578:be-able
4494:drénken
4348:fréiere
4301:: e.g.
4266:schönst
4253:: e.g.
4230:: e.g.
4224:kleiner
4069:vill a
3727:dative
3414:plural
3404:dative
3215:plural
3168:genders
3099:Grammar
3088:/ɑɪ,ɑʊ/
3004:Central
2953:before
2945:/iː,uː/
2941:/eː,oː/
2674:rounded
2570:, e.g.
2550:Pflicht
2260:Plosive
2221:Glottal
2156:drësseg
2152:fënnefa
1226:), etc.
1196:Enquête
1128:système
1120:Charles
1112:emprunt
1097:ssistém
1091:Shaarel
1070:weniger
1047:vorigen
1023:fiireje
978:Writing
936:Vianden
928:Moselle
890:of the
859:Romania
827:In the
810:Belgium
756:Romania
746:by the
674:History
668:Romania
621:Austria
617:Germany
596:) is a
577:endonym
563:; also
496:Unicode
318:Belgium
104:Belgium
92:Germany
9827:Gothic
9697:Danish
9601:Bokmål
9100:Yenish
8910:Bildts
8693:Veluws
8688:Urkers
8527:Strand
8251:Anglic
8091:Veluws
8084:Urkers
7979:Picard
7952:French
7828:Portal
7748:Cinema
7710:People
7583:Police
7500:Rivers
7495:Éislek
7325:Forêts
7170:
7156:
7091:
7070:
7037:
7023:
7013:et al.
6971:
6303:
6281:chd.lu
6191:
5902:
5875:
5856:
5769:/æːʊ̯/
5603:French
5595:Alsace
5523:80.6%
5515:88.0%
5486:STATEC
5440:UNESCO
5249:Bread.
5245:Brot.
5197:Kind.
5194:Kand.
5191:Kind.
5165:donkey
5161:Esel.
5155:Ezel.
5145:Mein.
5142:Mäin.
5139:Mijn.
5094:Heem.
5081:Frei.
5078:Fräi.
5075:Vrij.
4878:Äddi.
4821:Hello.
4797:Maybe.
4777:Nein.
4741:Dutch
4341:méi al
4303:schéin
4259:schéin
4255:schéin
4232:schéin
4216:taller
4165:plural
4158:neuter
4138:Mann (
4124:plural
4117:neuter
4071:sengem
4047:neuter
3988:, see
3967:hinnen
3652:sou en
3646:wéi en
3587:sengen
3580:senger
3573:sengem
3561:kengen
3554:kenger
3547:kengem
3481:deenen
3425:neuter
3226:neuter
3184:dative
3182:, and
3033:əɪ(oɪ)
3015:Close
2977:, not
2696:short
2690:short
2644:Vowels
2457:voiced
2375:voiced
2266:fortis
2216:Dorsal
2201:Labial
2097:
1859:Lëtzeb
1403:llefen
1205:, etc.
1202:Piqûre
1175:, and
1054:Regeln
1035:shwèzt
900:French
896:German
849:Other
844:Canada
829:German
822:France
799:French
795:German
783:italic
762:Speech
704:ausbau
692:France
118:Region
112:France
10203:Arlon
9941:South
9892:North
9502:North
9486:North
8828:Kaaps
8819:Dutch
8466:Amrum
8407:Weser
8329:Scots
7882:Dutch
7790:Sport
7765:Music
7649:Steel
7439:Towns
6998:(PDF)
6983:(PDF)
6944:(PDF)
6904:(PDF)
6849:(PDF)
6158:(PDF)
5993:(PDF)
5975:(PDF)
5951:(PDF)
5765:/ɑʊ̯/
5747:mécht
5742:/k,ŋ/
5704:Notes
5496:Year
5387:cassé
5343:Handy
5213:Weg.
5210:Wee.
5207:Weg.
5185:With.
5181:Mit.
5178:Mat.
5175:Met.
5129:Und.
5113:Ich.
5110:Ech.
5101:Home.
5085:Free.
5062:Sou.
4673:Dutch
4414:kafen
4407:kafen
4403:kafen
4337:eeler
4220:klein
3857:3sgf
3838:3sgn
3805:3sgm
3640:engen
3613:hiren
3606:hirer
3599:hirem
3534:engen
3526:enger
3519:engem
3507:dësen
3500:dëser
3493:dësem
3386:hiert
3379:hiren
3287:dësen
3172:cases
3057:æːʊɑʊ
3050:æːɪɑɪ
3046:Open
2999:Front
2963:]
2959:[
2932:]
2928:[
2924:]
2920:[
2913:]
2909:[
2897:]
2893:[
2889:]
2885:[
2705:Close
2699:long
2693:long
2681:short
2657:Front
2637:]
2633:[
2620:/ʃ,ʒ/
2616:/χ,ʁ/
2612:]
2608:[
2597:/χ,ʁ/
2591:/d͡ʒ/
2578:/d͡z/
2564:]
2560:[
2546:/p͡f/
2495:Trill
2300:lenis
2228:Nasal
1223:Bühne
1190:Boîte
1179:. In
1079:bültê
940:Wiltz
912:Arlon
832:Eifel
273:Latin
9902:West
9897:East
9817:East
9673:East
9663:Norn
9554:West
9490:East
9488:and
9053:and
9048:Non-
8478:Sylt
8461:Föhr
8396:Ems
8321:Yola
8230:West
7758:Wine
7168:ISBN
7154:ISBN
7089:ISBN
7068:ISBN
7035:ISBN
7021:ISBN
6969:ISBN
6861:2022
6829:2021
6804:2021
6775:2021
6749:2021
6722:2021
6687:2021
6665:2021
6607:2011
6568:2021
6392:2006
6333:2006
6301:ISBN
6249:2021
6189:ISBN
6170:2024
6141:2021
6101:2006
6071:2023
6045:2022
6019:2022
5958:2012
5934:2015
5900:ISBN
5873:ISBN
5854:ISBN
5829:2015
5767:and
5589:and
5576:2017
5568:2016
5560:2015
5552:2014
5544:2013
5536:2012
5528:2011
5520:1983
5512:1900
5504:1846
5417:ALTE
5368:voll
5366:and
5364:ganz
5360:déck
5313:Cool
5289:Spam
5217:Way.
5169:ass.
5133:And.
5126:An.
5123:En.
5107:Ik.
5065:So.
5059:Zo.
4815:Moin
4765:Yes.
4761:Ja.
4758:Jo.
4755:Ja.
4675:and
4455:sinn
4437:Gëff
4431:Bass
4412:Wat
4401:Ech
4386:the
4299:sten
4245:The
4212:tall
4202:The
4179:(or
4095:sinn
4089:and
4063:Hatt
4052:hatt
3985:vous
3948:3pl
3941:iech
3922:2pl
3890:1pl
3843:hatt
3810:hien
3784:dech
3765:2sg
3744:mech
3732:1sg
3467:deem
3367:seng
3360:säin
3348:keng
3341:keen
3294:dëst
3261:deen
3190:and
3082:and
3078:The
3066:/oɪ/
3029:Mid
3021:iəuə
3009:Back
2971:/aː/
2951:/eː/
2833:Open
2686:long
2662:Back
2606:The
2572:zwee
2078:uer
2062:uːɐ̯
2043:oer
2027:oːɐ̯
2007:ier
1991:iːɐ̯
1951:äer
1935:ɛːɐ̯
1916:aar
1854:uer
1796:ier
1765:Schn
1738:æːʊ̯
1699:æːɪ̯
1508:scht
1426:cken
1383:lies
1367:cken
1240:/oɪ/
1217:Bühn
1211:blöd
1085:âprê
1009:and
999:e.g.
898:and
892:LSAP
842:and
797:and
600:and
453:and
324:and
98:and
7743:Art
7142:117
6916:doi
6012:RTL
5793:at
5738:/e/
5632:ADR
5341:),
5329:),
5309:Hip
5149:My.
5069:So.
4917:Why
4805:moi
4781:No.
4635:by
4476:kaf
4297:+ -
4287:déi
4277:dee
4251:-st
4228:méi
4197:déi
4189:dat
4177:déi
4020:Dir
4008:dir
3933:der
3927:dir
3915:eis
3909:äis
3901:mer
3895:mir
3876:hir
3824:him
3797:der
3791:dir
3757:mer
3751:mir
3737:ech
3634:eng
3474:där
3455:den
3448:der
3441:dem
3393:hir
3328:eng
3320:eng
3301:dës
3275:déi
3268:dat
3242:den
3129:by
2979:/æ/
2975:/ɑ/
2955:/ʀ/
2905:/o/
2901:/ʀ/
2878:/e/
2631:to
2629:/ʀ/
2556:/v/
2394:d͡ʒ
2385:d͡z
2362:t͡ʃ
2355:t͡s
2347:p͡f
2124:or
2085:uer
2058:ur
2050:oer
2033:Gef
2023:or
2014:ier
1987:ir
1967:er
1958:äer
1931:är
1922:aar
1896:ar
1887:IPA
1861:uer
1847:dem
1833:ue
1822:Sch
1816:əʊ̯
1812:ou
1805:gem
1803:ier
1789:sen
1775:ie
1759:əɪ̯
1755:éi
1720:ɑʊ̯
1716:au
1695:äi
1679:ei
1669:Geb
1663:ɑɪ̯
1659:ai
1650:IPA
1626:cht
1617:uu
1563:Spr
1558:oo
1551:leg
1499:ii
1492:wen
1433:ee
1319:aa
1267:IPA
820:in
750:in
662:in
623:or
558:LUK
539:ɜːr
482:IPA
469:auf
394:ltz
377:ltz
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7222:,
7184:,
7180:,
7140:.
7100:,
6991:60
6989:,
6985:,
6912:43
6910:,
6906:,
6851:.
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6820:.
6794:.
6783:^
6765:.
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6708:.
6695:^
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6475:^
6448:^
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6299:;
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6010:.
5898:.
5896:59
5848:.
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5446:.
5315:,
5311:,
5307:,
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5299:,
5295:,
5293:CD
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5287:,
5276:.
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4222:→
4218:,
4214:→
4208:er
4199:.
4193:d'
4185:d'
4181:di
4173:d'
4067:et
4055::
4036:De
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3973:en
3959:se
3953:si
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3885:)
3882:er
3868:se
3862:si
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3833:)
3830:em
3816:en
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3776:de
3770:du
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3628:en
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3331:)
3313:en
3249:d'
3178:,
3040:əʊ
2961:ɛː
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2930:ə̜
2922:ə̹
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2136:nn
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2070:ur
2035:or
1999:ir
1997:St
1979:er
1977:an
1943:är
1941:St
1908:ar
1900:aː
1845:ue
1837:uə
1824:ou
1787:ie
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1767:éi
1746:au
1730:er
1728:au
1709:ch
1707:äi
1688:er
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1624:uu
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1481:iː
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1335:ä
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1301:aː
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1236:äu
1232:eu
1214:,
1199:,
1193:,
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1124:,
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2016:t
2012:H
1971:ɐ
1960:d
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