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much different. A business service bond allows the bonded entity's client to claim on the surety bond when the client's property has been stolen by the bonded entity. However, the claim is only valid if the bonded entity's employee is convicted of the crime in a court of law. Additionally, if the surety company pays a claim on the bond, they would seek to be reimbursed by the bonded entity for all costs and expenses incurred as a result of the claim. This differs from a traditional fidelity bond where the insured (bonded entity) would be responsible for paying the deductible only in the case of covered claim up to the policy limit.
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bond with conditional defeasance, printed the bond (the obligation to pay) on the front of the document and the condition which would nullify that promise to pay (referred to as the indenture of defeasance—essentially, the contractual obligation) on the back of the document. The penal bond, although an artifact of historical interest, fell out of use by the early part of the nineteenth century in the United States.
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could attempt to collect the debt from either party independently of the other. The guarantor's liability was ancillary and derivative: the creditor first had to attempt to collect the debt from the debtor before looking to the guarantor for payment. Many jurisdictions have abolished that distinction, in effect putting all guarantors in the position of the surety.
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SFAA is a licensed rating or advisory organization in all states and is designated by state insurance departments as a statistical agent for the reporting of fidelity and surety experience. The SFAA is a trade association consisting of companies that collectively write the majority of surety and fidelity bonds in the United States. Then in 1935 the
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On
January 23, 2017, another group of twelve state agencies were added to allow ESB capability for certain license types. This group included agencies in Alaska, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, North Carolina, North Dakota, Rhode Island, and South Dakota. Minor
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Business service bonds are surety bonds which seek to safeguard a bonded entity's clients from theft. These bonds are common for home health care, janitorial service, and other companies who routinely enter their homes or businesses. While these bonds are often confused with fidelity bonds, they are
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Traditionally, a distinction was made between a suretyship arrangement and that of a guaranty. In both cases, the lender gained the ability to collect from another person in the event of a default by the principal. However, the surety's liability was joint and primary with the principal: the creditor
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are responsible for regulating corporate surety activities within their jurisdictions. The commissioners also license and regulate brokers or agents who sell the bonds. These are known as producers; the
National Association of Surety Bond Producers (NASBP) is a trade association which represents this
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Prices are as a percentage of the penal sum (the maximum that the surety is liable for) ranging from around 1% to 5%, with the most credit-worthy contracts paying the least. The bond typically includes an indemnity agreement whereby the principal contractor or others agree to indemnify the surety if
251:
In 1908 the Surety
Association of America, now the Surety & Fidelity Association of America (SFAA), was formed to regulate the industry, promote public understanding of and confidence in the surety industry, and to provide a forum for the discussion of problems of common interest to its members.
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The principal will pay a premium (usually annually) in exchange for the bonding company's financial strength to extend surety credit. In the event of a claim, the surety will investigate it. If it turns out to be a valid claim, the surety will pay and then turn to the principal for reimbursement of
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is another type of the bond that was historically used to assure the performance of a contract. They are to be distinguished from surety bonds in that they did not require any party to act as surety—having an obligee and obligor sufficed. One historically significant type of penal bond, the penal
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The SFAA published preliminary US and
Canadian H1 surety results for the 2022 calendar year. Direct written premium totaled $ 8.6 billion and a direct loss ratio of 14.5%, highlighting strong profitability in the surety industry. The industry remains highly fragmented with over 100 companies
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Through a surety bond, the surety agrees to uphold—for the benefit of the obligee—the contractual promises (obligations) made by the principal if the principal fails to uphold its promises to the obligee. The contract is formed so as to induce the obligee to contract with the principal, i.e., to
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The NMLS ESB initiative began on
January 25, 2016, when surety bond companies and providers were able to begin the account creation process. The second phase began on September 12, 2016, when an initial group of nine state regulatory agencies began accepting ESBs for certain license types. This
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In certain situations, an electronic surety bond (ESB) can be used in lieu of a traditional paper surety bond. In 2016, the
Nationwide Multistate Licensing System and Registry (NMLS) initiated a system for the issuance, tracking, and maintenance of ESBs in support of some licenses being managed
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Losses arise when contractors do not complete their contracts, which often arises when the contractor goes out of business. Contractors often go out of business; for example, a study by BizMiner found that of 853,372 contracts in the United States in 2002, 28.5% had exited business by 2004. The
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bonds guarantee the honesty and faithful performance of those people who are elected or appointed to positions of public trust. Examples of officials sometimes requiring bonds include: notaries public, treasurers, commissioners, judges, town clerks, law enforcement officers, and credit union
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Court bonds are those bonds prescribed by statute and relate to the courts. They are further broken down into judicial bonds and fiduciary bonds. Judicial bonds arise out of litigation and are posted by parties seeking court remedies or defending against legal actions seeking court remedies.
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in French, if issued by a surety company they are called surety / bonds. They pay out cash to the limit of guaranty in the event of the default of the
Principal to uphold his obligations to the Obligee, without reference by the Obligee to the Principal and against the Obligee's sole verified
102:) fails to meet some obligation, such as fulfilling the terms of a contract. The surety bond protects the obligee against losses resulting from the principal's failure to meet the obligation. The person or company providing the promise is also known as a "surety" or as a "guarantor".
342:, allowing the surety to "step into the shoes of" the principal and use the surety's contractual rights to recover the cost of making payment or performing on the principal's behalf, even in the absence of an express agreement to that effect between the surety and the principal.
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provided by the
American Institute of Architects (AIA) and the Associated General Contractors of America (AGC) make bonding optional. If the parties agree to require bonding, additional forms such as the performance bond contract AIA Document 311 provide common terms.
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upgrades were also completed early in 2017. The types of licenses transitioning to ESBs and the implementation timelines vary by licensing agency. The NMLS plans to roll out additional state agencies and update the system with added functionality over time.
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Contractor's license bonds, which assure that a contractor (such as a plumber, electrician, or general contractor) complies with laws relating to his field. In the United States, bonding requirements may be at federal, state, or local
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Miscellaneous bonds are those that do not fit well under the other commercial surety bond classifications. They often support private relationships and unique business needs. Examples of significant miscellaneous bonds include: lost
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and in
Babylon, Persia, Assyria, Rome, Carthage, among the ancient Hebrews, and (later) in England. The Code of Hammurabi, written around 1790 BC, provides the earliest surviving known mention of suretyship in a written legal code.
179:. This is a specified amount of money which is the maximum amount that the surety will be required to pay in the event of the principal's default. This allows the surety to assess the risk involved in giving the bond; the
406:(guaranty that a contractor will provide facility repair and upkeep for a specified period of time). There are also miscellaneous contract bonds that do not fall within the categories above, the most common of which are
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Individual surety bonds represent the original form of suretyship. The earliest known record of a contract of suretyship is a
Mesopotamian tablet written around 2750 BC. Evidence of individual surety bonds exists in the
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Commercial bonds represent the broad range of bond types that do not fit the classification of contract. They are generally divided into four sub-types: license and permit, court, public official, and miscellaneous.
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and state projects under "little Miller Acts". In federal government, the contract language is determined by the government. In private contracts the parties may freely contract the language and requirements.
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or permit to engage in certain business activities. These bonds function as a guaranty from a Surety to a government and its constituents (obligee) that a company (principal) will comply with an underlying
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for contractors on certain federal construction projects; in addition, many states have adopted their own "Little Miller Acts". The surety transaction will typically involve a producer; the
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and courts that exercise equitable jurisdiction; they guaranty that persons whom such courts have entrusted with the care of others' property will perform their specified duties faithfully.
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Health spa bonds, which assure that a health spa will comply with local laws relating to their field, as well as refund dues for any prepaid services in the event the spa closes.
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is in question or when there is some public or private interest that requires protection from the consequences of the principal's default or delinquency. In most
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375:, a United States trade association, provides some information for their members on these bonds. Contract bonds are not the same thing as contractor's
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371:, are a guaranty from a surety to a project's owner (obligee) that a general contractor (principal) will adhere to the provisions of a contract. The
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was passed, replacing the Heard Act. The Miller Act is the current federal law mandating the use of surety bonds on federally funded projects.
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European surety bonds can be issued by banks and surety companies. If issued by banks they are called "Bank Guaranties" in English and
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If the surety is required to pay or perform due to the principal's failure to do so, the law will usually give the surety a right of
282:(or its equivalent local laws) and is unenforceable unless it is recorded in writing and signed by the surety and by the principal.
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Biancalana, Joseph, "The Development of the Penal Bond with Conditional Defeasance", 26 J. Legal His. 103 (2005), available at
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initial rollout included agencies in Idaho, Indiana, Iowa, Massachusetts, Texas, Vermont, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming.
211:, for example, was a system of joint suretyship prevalent in Medieval England which did not rely upon the execution of bonds.
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Customs bonds, including importer entry bonds, which assure compliance with all relevant laws, as well as payment of import
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License and permit bonds are required by certain federal, state, or municipal governments as prerequisites to receiving a
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through the NMLS. This new online system speeds bond issuance and decreases paperwork, among other potential benefits.
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demonstrate the credibility of the principal and guarantee performance and completion per the terms of the agreement.
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1937:
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average failure rate of contractors in the United States from 1989 to 2002 was 14% versus 12% for other industries.
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In 1865, the Fidelity Insurance Company became the first US corporate surety company, but the venture soon failed.
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2013:
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928:"Top 100 Writers of Surety Bonds 2022 (Preliminary) - The Surety & Fidelity Association of America (SFAA)"
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The first corporate surety, the Guarantee Society of London (whose insurance business ultimately merged into
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to "step into the shoes of" the principal and recover damages to make up for the payment to the principal.
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directly writing surety bonds with new market entrants entering or reentering on a fairly common basis.
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2003:
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Tax bonds, which assure that a business owner will comply with laws relating to the remittance of
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for people accused of crimes in exchange for a fee, is all but unknown in the rest of the world".
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bonds, hazardous waste removal bonds, credit enhancement financial guaranty bonds, self–insured
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As of 2009 annual US surety bond premiums amounted to approximately $ 3.5 billion. State
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Surety bonds also occur in other situations, for example, to secure the proper performance of
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the amount paid on the claim and any legal fees incurred. In some cases, the principal has a
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A surety most typically requires a guarantor when the ability of the primary obligor, or
168:, the purpose of the bond is rendered nugatory. Thus, the surety on a bond is usually an
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passed the Heard Act, which required surety bonds on all federally funded projects. The
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and supply bonds. Bonds are typically required for federal government projects by the
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1991:
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against another party for the principal's loss, and the surety will have a right of
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may guaranty surety bonds; in 2013 the eligible contract tripled to $ 6.5 million.
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1309:
Curtis Nyquist, A Contract Tale from the Crypt, 30 Hous. L. Rev. 1205, 1233 (1993)
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1996:
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390:(guaranty that a contractor will perform the work as specified by the contract);
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whose solvency is verified by private audit, governmental regulation, or both.
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1981:
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386:(guaranty that a contractor will enter into a contract if awarded the bid);
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Suretyship was not always accomplished through the execution of a bond.
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The Most Important Questions a Surety Can Ask about Miscellaneous Bonds
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1974:
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1252:"A Cap on the Defendant's Appeal Bond?: Punitive Damages Tort Reform"
1143:
903:
710:
705:
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695:
574:
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501:
Broker's bonds, including insurance, mortgage, and title agency bonds
489:
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241:
187:
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1404:
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755:
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403:
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270:, to perform its obligations to the obligee (counterparty) under a
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954:. The Surety & Fidelity Association of America. Archived from
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1986:
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136:: who assures the obligee that the principal can perform the task
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involves a promise by one party to assume responsibility for the
31:
394:(guaranty that a contractor will pay for services, particularly
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2333:
2078:
1969:
1964:
1910:
1581:
1093:"Bond Claim Filing for State, County and Municipal Lien Claims"
550:
129:: the primary party who will perform the contractual obligation
78:
obligation of a borrower if that borrower defaults. Usually, a
1061:"Problems of Private Claimants Under Miller Act Payment Bonds"
1059:
Gantt, Paul H.; Wallick, Robert D.; Proctor, James M. (1968).
49:
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and materials and particularly for federal projects where a
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Distinction between a suretyship arrangement and a guaranty
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duties by persons in positions of private or public trust.
75:
58:
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jurisdictions, a contract of suretyship is subject to the
46:
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1131:
482:
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If the principal defaults and the surety turns out to be
52:
893:, p. 120, published 9 January 1952, accessed 26 May 2024
885:
The Assignment of Claims Act of 1940: Assignee v. Surety
1211:"Surety bonds help businesses grow on contract success"
244:
by the US government had priority over the claim of an
1344:
618:
guaranty bonds, and wage and welfare/fringe benefit (
797:"Right Of Surety To Subrogation Against Third Party"
55:
1058:
978:"Illegal Globally, Bail for Profit Remains in U.S."
43:
27:
Promise to assume responsibility for defaulted debt
122:: the party who is the recipient of an obligation
3580:
1263:
1235:Contractor's State License Bonds: Desk Reference
1161:"The Importance of Surety Bonds in Construction"
259:
1270:. Chicago, Illinois: American Bar Association.
1254:. Washington & Lee University School of Law
507:(Employee Retirement Income Security Act) bonds
379:, which may be required as part of a license.
175:A key term in nearly every surety bond is the
2590:
1360:
376:
324:National Association of Surety Bond Producers
240:claim by a surety to percentages of payment
1011:"Q&A: The Legal Basics of Surety Bonds"
444:
428:there is a loss. In the United States, the
302:In 2008, the New York Times wrote "posting
2597:
2583:
1367:
1353:
1144:Construction Surety Bonds In Plain English
776:"Q&A The Legal Basics of Surety Bonds"
647:
435:
98:) a certain amount if a second party (the
842:
625:
373:Associated General Contractors of America
285:
2512:History of the American legal profession
592:
354:
1142:Dan Donohue and George Thomas. (1996).
847:. American Bar Association. p. 27.
333:
14:
3581:
1324:mortgage.nationwidelicensingsystem.org
1188:
1186:
975:
604:
577:. Examples of fiduciary bonds include
2578:
1348:
359:Contract bonds, used heavily in the
1183:
1159:Surety Information Office. (2009).
549:Examples of judicial bonds include
183:charged is determined accordingly.
24:
2636:Accidental death and dismemberment
498:and environmental protection bonds
234:Prairie State Bank v United States
25:
3605:
1496:Restitution and unjust enrichment
1340:
843:Gallagher, Edward Graham (2000).
2762:Directors and officers liability
2543:
2542:
2528:
1299:https://ssrn.com/abstract=918531
890:University of Chicago Law Review
330:that represents such producers.
145:statement of claim to the bank.
39:
2507:History of the legal profession
1312:
1303:
1291:
1257:
1244:
1227:
1203:
1166:
1153:
1119:. Texas Department of Insurance
1109:
1085:
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969:
1192:Donohue D., Thomas G. (1996).
944:
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896:
877:
851:
836:
818:
789:
768:
634:
528:
382:Included in this category are
114:among at least three parties:
110:A surety bond is defined as a
13:
1:
2604:
1320:"NMLS Electronic Surety Bond"
1264:O'Neal-Coble, Leslie (1994).
1066:William & Mary Law Review
976:Liptak, Adam (Jan 29, 2008).
801:Washington and Lee Law Review
761:
430:Small Business Administration
309:
260:Reason for having a guarantor
3529:Savings and loan association
7:
2962:Insurance-linked securities
1241:. American Bar Association.
1216:The Herald Business Journal
1178:Construction Business Owner
859:"The Guarantee Society Ltd"
669:
656:
469:Specific examples include:
105:
10:
3610:
2651:Total permanent disability
2174:International legal theory
1653:International slavery laws
1648:International human rights
1643:International criminal law
510:Motor vehicle dealer bonds
462:, municipal ordinance, or
193:
3554:
3406:
3391:Health insurance coverage
3331:
3115:
2944:
2886:
2815:
2734:
2686:
2656:Business overhead expense
2621:
2612:
2522:
2499:
2389:
2227:Administration of justice
2212:
2121:
2012:
1891:
1793:
1514:
1382:
1174:"Why Do Contractors Fail"
751:Submittals (construction)
2792:Protection and indemnity
2004:Basic structure doctrine
1854:Natural and legal rights
1735:Public international law
1033:. Zurich. Archived from
778:. Cross Insurance Agency
445:License and permit bonds
3249:Explanation of benefits
2721:Variable universal life
2184:Principle of typicality
1658:International trade law
1374:
1194:"How Surety Bonds Work"
1028:"Contract Surety Bonds"
861:. Aviva. Archived from
648:Electronic surety bonds
436:Commercial surety bonds
417:Standard form contracts
402:is not available); and
296:insurance commissioners
3386:Health insurance costs
2787:Professional liability
1015:Construction Executive
626:Business service bonds
286:United States industry
94:to pay one party (the
3242:Out-of-pocket expense
3103:Workers' compensation
2757:Collateral protection
2747:Business interruption
2179:Principle of legality
1938:Delegated legislation
1638:Intellectual property
1250:Rendleman D. (2006).
845:The Law of Suretyship
726:Negotiable Instrument
593:Public official bonds
542:, bonds are filed in
355:Contract surety bonds
3465:Corpus Juris Civilis
2397:Barristers' chambers
2339:Legal representation
2277:Justice of the peace
1623:Financial regulation
1172:McIntyre M. (2007).
1009:Schubert L. (2003).
952:"About the Industry"
883:Law Review Editors,
807:(1): 112. March 1960
616:workers compensation
514:Freight broker bonds
334:Right of subrogation
218:), dates from 1840.
3524:Rochdale Principles
3519:Mutual savings bank
3514:Mutual organization
3499:Cooperative banking
3416:Mesopotamian banker
2696:Longevity insurance
2432:Election commission
2144:Expressive function
1673:Landlord–tenant law
1572:Consumer protection
605:Miscellaneous bonds
365:general contractors
3276:Insurable interest
2777:Payment protection
2678:Payment protection
2390:Legal institutions
2257:Lawsuit/Litigation
2247:Dispute resolution
2052:Catholic canon law
1760:State of emergency
1723:Will and testament
1447:Law of obligations
1400:Constitutional law
1390:Administrative law
982:The New York Times
741:Personal guarantee
86:is a promise by a
3594:Legal terminology
3576:
3575:
3421:Code of Hammurabi
3396:Vehicle insurance
3291:Replacement value
3183:Actual cash value
3147:Adverse selection
3137:Actuarial science
3111:
3110:
3043:Kidnap and ransom
3016:Extended warranty
2663:Income protection
2572:
2571:
2232:Constitutionalism
2154:Law and economics
1992:Act of parliament
1730:Product liability
1683:Legal archaeology
1608:Environmental law
1602:Entertainment law
1442:International law
1040:on April 25, 2012
865:on April 19, 2016
555:supersedeas bonds
519:Money transmitter
404:maintenance bonds
388:performance bonds
328:trade association
280:Statute of Frauds
232:held in 1896, in
201:Code of Hammurabi
170:insurance company
16:(Redirected from
3601:
3534:Social insurance
3489:Friendly society
3381:Health insurance
3209:Short rate table
2957:Catastrophe bond
2858:Lenders mortgage
2619:
2618:
2599:
2592:
2585:
2576:
2575:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2533:
2532:
2356:Question of fact
2237:Criminal justice
1567:Construction law
1562:Conflict of laws
1527:Agricultural law
1369:
1362:
1355:
1346:
1345:
1334:
1333:
1331:
1330:
1316:
1310:
1307:
1301:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1286:
1284:
1261:
1255:
1248:
1242:
1231:
1225:
1224:
1219:. Archived from
1207:
1201:
1190:
1181:
1170:
1164:
1157:
1151:
1140:
1129:
1128:
1126:
1124:
1117:"Bond Resources"
1113:
1107:
1106:
1104:
1103:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1047:
1045:
1039:
1032:
1024:
1018:
1007:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:
973:
967:
966:
964:
963:
948:
942:
941:
939:
938:
932:
924:
918:
917:
915:
914:
900:
894:
881:
875:
874:
872:
870:
855:
849:
848:
840:
834:
833:
822:
816:
815:
813:
812:
793:
787:
786:
784:
783:
772:
736:Performance bond
681:Demand guarantee
369:construction law
230:US Supreme Court
65:
64:
61:
60:
57:
54:
51:
48:
45:
21:
3609:
3608:
3604:
3603:
3602:
3600:
3599:
3598:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3572:
3550:
3546:Insurance cycle
3509:Fraternal order
3402:
3333:
3327:
3286:Proximate cause
3281:Insurance fraud
3261:General average
3220:Claims adjuster
3162:Risk management
3157:Risk assessment
3121:
3118:
3107:
3073:Prize indemnity
2940:
2888:
2882:
2811:
2772:Over-redemption
2730:
2682:
2673:National health
2614:
2608:
2603:
2573:
2568:
2541:
2527:
2518:
2495:
2486:Political party
2459:Legal education
2447:Law enforcement
2427:Court of equity
2385:
2361:Question of law
2314:Practice of law
2294:Judicial review
2208:
2159:Legal formalism
2139:Comparative law
2134:Contract theory
2117:
2037:Legal pluralism
2008:
1997:Act of Congress
1921:Executive order
1887:
1789:
1708:Nationality law
1633:Immigration law
1557:Competition law
1510:
1378:
1373:
1343:
1338:
1337:
1328:
1326:
1318:
1317:
1313:
1308:
1304:
1296:
1292:
1282:
1280:
1278:
1262:
1258:
1249:
1245:
1232:
1228:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1191:
1184:
1171:
1167:
1158:
1154:
1148:Webcite archive
1141:
1132:
1122:
1120:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1101:
1099:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1057:
1053:
1043:
1041:
1037:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1021:
1008:
1004:
995:
993:
974:
970:
961:
959:
950:
949:
945:
936:
934:
930:
926:
925:
921:
912:
910:
902:
901:
897:
882:
878:
868:
866:
857:
856:
852:
841:
837:
830:Merriam-Webster
824:
823:
819:
810:
808:
795:
794:
790:
781:
779:
774:
773:
769:
764:
672:
659:
650:
637:
628:
607:
598:Public official
595:
571:mechanic's lien
531:
492:or other taxes.
447:
438:
400:mechanic's lien
357:
348:
336:
312:
288:
262:
196:
155:cause of action
108:
42:
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3607:
3597:
3596:
3591:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3570:
3567:List of topics
3563:
3555:
3552:
3551:
3549:
3548:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3511:
3506:
3501:
3496:
3482:
3477:
3476:
3475:
3461:
3460:
3459:
3454:
3452:Burial society
3442:
3441:
3440:
3434:§235–238; §240
3426:§100–105; §126
3418:
3412:
3410:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3393:
3388:
3383:
3378:
3376:Climate change
3368:
3366:United Kingdom
3363:
3358:
3353:
3348:
3343:
3337:
3335:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3323:
3313:
3311:Underinsurance
3308:
3303:
3301:Self-insurance
3298:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3278:
3273:
3268:
3263:
3258:
3251:
3246:
3245:
3244:
3239:
3234:
3224:
3223:
3222:
3212:
3211:
3210:
3207:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3180:
3179:
3178:
3173:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3134:
3128:
3126:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3106:
3105:
3100:
3095:
3090:
3085:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3068:Political risk
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3048:Legal expenses
3045:
3040:
3035:
3034:
3033:
3023:
3018:
3013:
3008:
3003:
2998:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2981:
2976:
2971:
2966:
2965:
2964:
2959:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2933:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2898:
2892:
2890:
2884:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2855:
2850:
2845:
2840:
2835:
2830:
2828:Builder's risk
2825:
2819:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2810:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2752:Business owner
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2718:
2716:Universal life
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2668:Long-term care
2665:
2660:
2659:
2658:
2653:
2643:
2638:
2633:
2627:
2625:
2616:
2610:
2609:
2602:
2601:
2594:
2587:
2579:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2559:
2552:
2538:
2535:Law portal
2523:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2515:
2514:
2503:
2501:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2467:
2466:
2456:
2455:
2454:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2371:Trial advocacy
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2352:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2285:
2284:
2279:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2234:
2229:
2224:
2218:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2186:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2125:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2115:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2083:
2082:
2081:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2061:
2056:
2055:
2054:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2018:
2016:
2010:
2009:
2007:
2006:
2001:
2000:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1979:
1978:
1977:
1967:
1962:
1957:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1930:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1908:
1903:
1901:Ballot measure
1897:
1895:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1880:
1878:Legal treatise
1875:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1858:
1857:
1856:
1846:
1844:Letters patent
1841:
1836:
1835:
1834:
1824:
1819:
1814:
1805:
1799:
1797:
1795:Sources of law
1791:
1790:
1788:
1787:
1782:
1780:Unenforced law
1777:
1772:
1767:
1762:
1757:
1752:
1747:
1742:
1737:
1732:
1727:
1726:
1725:
1720:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1584:
1579:
1574:
1569:
1564:
1559:
1554:
1552:Commercial law
1549:
1544:
1539:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1491:
1481:
1476:
1471:
1470:
1469:
1464:
1454:
1449:
1444:
1439:
1434:
1429:
1424:
1419:
1418:
1417:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1384:
1380:
1379:
1372:
1371:
1364:
1357:
1349:
1342:
1341:External links
1339:
1336:
1335:
1311:
1302:
1290:
1276:
1256:
1243:
1226:
1223:on 2013-12-30.
1202:
1196:. Archived at
1182:
1165:
1152:
1130:
1108:
1084:
1051:
1019:
1002:
968:
943:
919:
908:suretyinfo.org
904:"Introduction"
895:
876:
850:
835:
817:
788:
766:
765:
763:
760:
759:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
721:Loan guarantee
718:
713:
708:
703:
698:
693:
688:
683:
678:
671:
668:
658:
655:
649:
646:
636:
633:
627:
624:
606:
603:
594:
591:
544:probate courts
530:
527:
526:
525:
522:
516:
511:
508:
502:
499:
493:
486:
475:
446:
443:
437:
434:
396:subcontractors
356:
353:
347:
344:
335:
332:
318:may require a
311:
308:
287:
284:
261:
258:
195:
192:
138:
137:
130:
123:
107:
104:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3606:
3595:
3592:
3590:
3587:
3586:
3584:
3569:
3568:
3564:
3562:
3561:
3557:
3556:
3553:
3547:
3544:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3474:
3473:
3469:
3468:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3435:
3431:
3427:
3424:
3423:
3422:
3419:
3417:
3414:
3413:
3411:
3409:
3405:
3397:
3394:
3392:
3389:
3387:
3384:
3382:
3379:
3377:
3374:
3373:
3372:
3371:United States
3369:
3367:
3364:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3338:
3336:
3330:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3277:
3274:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3255:Force majeure
3252:
3250:
3247:
3243:
3240:
3238:
3235:
3233:
3230:
3229:
3228:
3225:
3221:
3218:
3217:
3216:
3213:
3208:
3206:
3205:
3201:
3200:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3177:
3176:Value of life
3174:
3172:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3129:
3127:
3125:
3120:
3114:
3104:
3101:
3099:
3096:
3094:
3091:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3066:
3064:
3061:
3059:
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:Interest rate
3036:
3032:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3024:
3022:
3019:
3017:
3014:
3012:
3009:
3007:
3004:
3002:
2999:
2995:
2992:
2990:
2987:
2986:
2985:
2982:
2980:
2977:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2963:
2960:
2958:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2950:
2949:
2947:
2943:
2937:
2934:
2932:
2929:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2919:
2917:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2906:Inland marine
2904:
2902:
2901:GAP insurance
2899:
2897:
2894:
2893:
2891:
2889:Communication
2885:
2879:
2876:
2874:
2871:
2869:
2866:
2864:
2861:
2859:
2856:
2854:
2851:
2849:
2846:
2844:
2841:
2839:
2836:
2834:
2831:
2829:
2826:
2824:
2821:
2820:
2818:
2814:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2724:
2722:
2719:
2717:
2714:
2712:
2711:Unitised fund
2709:
2707:
2704:
2702:
2701:Mortgage life
2699:
2697:
2694:
2693:
2691:
2689:
2685:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2669:
2666:
2664:
2661:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2647:
2644:
2642:
2639:
2637:
2634:
2632:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2617:
2611:
2607:
2600:
2595:
2593:
2588:
2586:
2581:
2580:
2577:
2565:
2564:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2553:
2551:
2550:
2539:
2537:
2536:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2508:
2505:
2504:
2502:
2498:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2460:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2448:
2445:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2417:Civil society
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2388:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2376:Trier of fact
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2316:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2283:
2280:
2278:
2275:
2274:
2273:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2262:Legal opinion
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2242:Court-martial
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2219:
2217:
2215:
2214:Jurisprudence
2211:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
2195:
2192:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2120:
2114:
2111:
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2103:Statutory law
2101:
2099:
2098:Socialist law
2096:
2092:
2091:Byzantine law
2089:
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2042:Religious law
2040:
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2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2015:
2014:Legal systems
2011:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
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1988:
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1982:Statutory law
1980:
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1770:Transport law
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1501:Statutory law
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958:on 2009-04-26
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864:
860:
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846:
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831:
827:
826:"frankpledge"
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792:
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709:
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704:
702:
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697:
694:
692:
691:Fidelity bond
689:
687:
684:
682:
679:
677:
674:
673:
667:
663:
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645:
642:
632:
623:
621:
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602:
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579:administrator
576:
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520:
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512:
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461:
457:
452:
442:
433:
431:
425:
421:
418:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
393:
392:payment bonds
389:
385:
380:
378:
377:license bonds
374:
370:
367:as a part of
366:
362:
352:
343:
341:
331:
329:
326:(NASBP) is a
325:
321:
317:
307:
305:
300:
297:
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283:
281:
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273:
269:
268:
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255:
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3504:Credit union
3470:
3463:
3444:
3316:Underwriting
3271:Insurability
3253:
3232:Co-insurance
3202:
3198:Cancellation
2989:Catastrophic
2974:Climate risk
2802:Trade credit
2796:
2561:
2554:
2540:
2526:
2299:Jurisdiction
2267:Legal remedy
2222:Adjudication
2122:Legal theory
1960:Ratification
1955:Promulgation
1926:Proclamation
1906:Codification
1839:Human rights
1827:Divine right
1817:Constitution
1785:Women in law
1703:Military law
1698:Marriage law
1693:Maritime law
1592:Election law
1532:Aviation law
1522:Abortion law
1474:Property law
1410:Criminal law
1327:. Retrieved
1323:
1314:
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1293:
1281:. Retrieved
1266:
1259:
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1221:the original
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1111:
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1035:the original
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994:. Retrieved
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971:
960:. Retrieved
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946:
935:. Retrieved
933:. Surety.org
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863:the original
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800:
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361:construction
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95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
71:
67:
35:
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3539:Trade union
3494:Cooperative
3167:Uncertainty
3026:Index-based
2994:Multi-peril
2952:Reinsurance
2911:Public auto
2816:Residential
2471:Legislature
2402:Bureaucracy
2199:Rule of man
2194:Rule of law
2169:Libertarian
2032:Chinese law
1933:Legislation
1883:Regulations
1871:Law reports
1849:Natural law
1745:Reparations
1740:Refugee law
1663:Jurimetrics
1604:(Media law)
1542:Banking law
1537:Amnesty law
1515:Disciplines
1452:Private law
716:Lien waiver
635:Penal bonds
620:trade union
573:bonds, and
529:Court bonds
496:Reclamation
408:subdivision
340:subrogation
320:surety bond
226:US Congress
209:Frankpledge
159:subrogation
80:surety bond
68:surety bond
3583:Categories
3334:by country
3332:Insurance
3306:Total loss
3227:Deductible
3188:Cash value
3132:Act of God
3117:Insurance
3031:Parametric
3011:Expatriate
2887:Transport/
2853:Landlords'
2838:Earthquake
2726:Whole life
2646:Disability
2464:Law school
2344:Prosecutor
2282:Magistrate
2069:Jewish law
2027:Common law
1948:Rulemaking
1943:Regulation
1893:Law making
1832:Divine law
1808:Legal code
1755:Sports law
1678:Law of war
1628:Health law
1613:Family law
1597:Energy law
1547:Bankruptcy
1484:Punishment
1479:Public law
1329:2017-02-24
1123:August 13,
1102:2015-11-23
1044:August 13,
996:2018-08-13
962:2009-07-17
937:2023-08-09
913:2016-03-23
869:August 13,
811:2016-03-21
782:2016-03-21
762:References
731:Penal bond
676:Co-signing
641:penal bond
612:securities
575:bail bonds
567:injunction
559:attachment
464:regulation
412:Miller Act
316:Miller Act
310:Miller Act
276:common law
254:Miller Act
236:, that an
18:Guarantors
3480:Syndicate
3446:Collegium
3341:Australia
3296:Risk pool
3266:Indemnity
3237:Copayment
3171:Knightian
3083:Terrorism
3053:Liability
2921:Satellite
2782:Pollution
2706:Term life
2615:insurance
2613:Types of
2606:Insurance
2442:Judiciary
2437:Executive
2412:The bench
2349:Solicitor
2324:Barrister
2204:Sociology
2189:Pseudolaw
2129:Anarchist
2086:Roman law
2074:Parsi law
2059:Hindu law
2047:Canon law
2022:Civil law
1975:Concordat
1866:Precedent
1775:Trust law
1750:Space law
1587:Drugs law
1457:Procedure
1395:Civil law
1079:0043-5589
991:1553-8095
711:Insurance
706:Indemnity
701:Guarantee
696:Fiduciary
622:) bonds.
536:Fiduciary
460:state law
384:bid bonds
267:principal
248:/lender.
238:equitable
188:fiduciary
177:penal sum
166:insolvent
127:principal
100:principal
92:guarantor
3589:Sureties
3560:Category
3438:§275–277
3356:Pakistan
3204:Pro rata
3093:War risk
3058:No-fault
2969:Casualty
2926:Shipping
2896:Aviation
2873:Renters'
2868:Property
2863:Mortgage
2833:Contents
2807:Umbrella
2767:Fidelity
2735:Business
2631:Accident
2549:Category
2491:Tribunal
2476:Military
2319:Attorney
2289:Judgment
2149:Feminist
2064:Jain law
1861:Case law
1582:Cyberlaw
1489:Corporal
1467:Criminal
1437:Evidence
1427:Doctrine
1405:Contract
1233:(2006).
756:Testator
670:See also
657:Timeline
583:guardian
563:replevin
272:contract
246:assignee
242:retained
142:Cautions
112:contract
106:Overview
72:guaranty
3485:Benefit
3472:Digesta
3408:History
3142:Actuary
3098:Weather
3088:Tuition
3078:Takaful
3006:Deposit
2936:Vehicle
2563:Outline
2500:History
2407:The bar
2381:Verdict
2329:Counsel
2309:Justice
2164:History
1987:Statute
1803:Charter
1765:Tax law
1713:Probate
1198:Webcite
686:Estreat
589:bonds.
587:trustee
569:bonds,
565:bonds,
561:bonds,
553:bonds,
540:probate
456:statute
451:license
299:group.
194:History
181:premium
120:obligee
96:obligee
32:finance
3361:Serbia
3321:Profit
3193:Broker
3119:policy
2931:Travel
2916:Marine
2823:Boiler
2797:Surety
2641:Dental
2623:Health
2481:Police
2452:Agency
2334:Lawyer
2079:Sharia
1970:Treaty
1965:Repeal
1911:Decree
1822:Custom
1718:Estate
1668:Labour
1432:Equity
1283:16 May
1274:
1077:
989:
585:, and
551:appeal
479:duties
474:level.
134:surety
88:surety
84:surety
36:surety
3457:Guild
3351:India
3346:China
3215:Claim
3021:Group
3001:Cyber
2979:Crime
2945:Other
2878:Title
2843:Flood
2556:Index
2422:Court
2366:Trial
2272:Judge
2113:Yassa
1916:Edict
1462:Civil
1415:Crime
1239:p. xv
1097:zlien
1073:(4).
1038:(PDF)
1031:(PDF)
931:(PDF)
538:, or
521:bonds
505:ERISA
490:sales
483:taxes
216:Aviva
70:, or
3430:§234
3152:Risk
3122:and
2984:Crop
2848:Home
2742:Bond
2688:Life
2304:Jury
2252:Fiqh
2108:Xeer
1506:Tort
1422:Deed
1285:2016
1272:ISBN
1125:2012
1075:ISSN
1046:2012
987:ISSN
871:2012
639:The
481:and
314:The
304:bail
132:the
125:the
118:the
76:debt
34:, a
3124:law
3063:Pet
1376:Law
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82:or
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