3641:
3284:
2886:
4674:
4942:(FERS). Like other federal employees, congressional retirement is funded through taxes and participants' contributions. Members of Congress under FERS contribute 1.3% of their salary into the FERS retirement plan and pay 6.2% of their salary in Social Security taxes. And like federal employees, members contribute one-third of the cost of health insurance with the government covering the other two-thirds. The size of a congressional pension depends on the years of service and the average of the highest three years of their salary. By law, the starting amount of a member's retirement annuity may not exceed 80% of their final salary. In 2018, the average annual pension for retired senators and representatives under the
3735:. The presidency remains considerably more powerful today than during the 19th century. Executive branch officials are often loath to reveal sensitive information to members of Congress because of concern that information could not be kept secret; in return, knowing they may be in the dark about executive branch activity, congressional officials are more likely to distrust their counterparts in executive agencies. Many government actions require fast coordinated effort by many agencies, and this is a task that Congress is ill-suited for. Congress is slow, open, divided, and not well matched to handle more rapid executive action or do a good job of overseeing such activity, according to one analysis.
2640:
4033:
3925:
693:
2450:
474:
164:
760:
21580:
2468:
618:
3910:
12473:
2872:
4095:
2902:
4733:... the legislative process is easy to dislike – it often generates political posturing and grandstanding, it necessarily involves compromise, and it often leaves broken promises in its trail. Also, members of Congress often appear self-serving as they pursue their political careers and represent interests and reflect values that are controversial. Scandals, even when they involve a single member, add to the public's frustration with Congress and have contributed to the institution's low ratings in opinion polls.
4665:, which smears an opponent's character without focusing on the issues. Negative advertising is seen as effective because "the messages tend to stick." These advertisements sour the public on the political process in general as most members of Congress seek to avoid blame. One wrong decision or one damaging television image can mean defeat at the next election, which leads to a culture of risk avoidance, a need to make policy decisions behind closed doors, and concentrating publicity efforts in the members' home districts.
408:
4696:, felt that elections were essential to liberty, that a bond between the people and the representatives was particularly essential, and that "frequent elections are unquestionably the only policy by which this dependence and sympathy can be effectually secured." In 2009, few Americans were familiar with leaders of Congress. The percentage of Americans eligible to vote who did, in fact, vote was 63% in 1960, but has been falling since, although there was a slight upward trend in the 2008 election.
765:
4584:
21701:
1909:
21855:
3299:
21838:
21713:
21725:
1921:
1979:
4314:
4326:
21804:
3656:
21821:
21787:
79:
12432:
21770:
3930:
3929:
3927:
21753:
2982:. Congress struggled with efficiency in the postwar era partly by reducing the number of standing congressional committees. Southern Democrats became a powerful force in many influential committees although political power alternated between Republicans and Democrats during these years. More complex issues required greater specialization and expertise, such as space flight and atomic energy policy. Senator
4653:; any candidate winning the primary will almost always be elected, and these candidates do not need to spend money on advertising. But some races can be competitive when there is no incumbent. If a seat becomes vacant in an open district, then both parties may spend heavily on advertising in these races; in California in 1992, only four of twenty races for House seats were considered highly competitive.
3931:
4777:, have suggested that the population disparity works against residents of large states and causes a steady redistribution of resources from "large states to small states". Others argue that the Connecticut Compromise was deliberately intended by the Founding Fathers to construct the Senate so that each state had equal footing not based on population, and contend that the result works well on balance.
4725:... Still, we are not exaggerating when we say that Congress is essential to American democracy. We would not have survived as a nation without a Congress that represented the diverse interests of our society, conducted a public debate on the major issues, found compromises to resolve conflicts peacefully, and limited the power of our executive, military, and judicial institutions
3928:
2455:
2454:
2451:
4905:, where members of congress or their family members have traded on stocks related to work on their committees. One 2011 study concluded that portfolios of members of congress outperformed both the market and hedge funds, which the authors suggested as evidence of insider trading. Proposed solutions include putting stocks in blind trusts to prevent future insider trading.
4607:. After each ten-year census, states are allocated representatives based on population, and officials in power can choose how to draw the congressional district boundaries to support candidates from their party. As a result, reelection rates of members of Congress hover around 90 percent, causing some critics to call them a privileged class. Academics such as Princeton's
2456:
3272:
2453:
9702:
4789:. Constituents request assistance with problems. Providing services helps members of Congress win votes and elections and can make a difference in close races. Congressional staff can help citizens navigate government bureaucracies. One academic described the complex intertwined relation between lawmakers and constituents as
4649:(when a popular president or party position has the effect of reelecting incumbents who win by "riding on the president's coattails"), although there is some evidence that the coattail effect is irregular and possibly declining since the 1950s. Some districts are so heavily Democratic or Republican that they are called a
3106:, "down-to-the-wire budget and debt crises" and "indiscriminate spending cuts", resulting in slowed economic activity and keeping up to two million people unemployed. There has been increasing public dissatisfaction with Congress, with extremely low approval ratings which dropped to 5% in October 2013.
4105:
The
Congressional Research Service, part of the Library of Congress, provides detailed, up-to-date and non-partisan research for senators, representatives, and their staff to help them carry out their official duties. It provides ideas for legislation, helps members analyze a bill, facilitates public
3747:
be banned from holding office in the future. Impeachment proceedings may not inflict more than this. A convicted party may face criminal penalties in a normal court of law. In the history of the United States, the House of
Representatives has impeached sixteen officials, of whom seven were convicted.
3101:
of media coverage. Others saw pressure to squeeze a political position into a thirty-second soundbite. A report characterized
Congress in 2013 as unproductive, gridlocked, and "setting records for futility". In October 2013, with Congress unable to compromise, the government was shut down for several
2720:
is subject to the powers of state government and national government. To protect against abuse of power, each branch of government – executive, legislative, and judicial – had a separate sphere of authority and could check other branches according to the principle of the
4598:
members of
Congress running for reelection have strong advantages over challengers. They raise more money because donors fund incumbents over challengers, perceiving the former as more likely to win, and donations are vital for winning elections. One critic compared election to Congress to receiving
4545:
and sent to the president for approval. The president may sign it making it law or veto it, perhaps returning it to
Congress with the president's objections. A vetoed bill can still become law if each house of Congress votes to override the veto with a two-thirds majority. Finally, the president may
4505:
The House reserves roll-call votes for the most formal matters, as a roll call of all 435 representatives takes quite some time; normally, members vote by using an electronic device. In the case of a tie, the motion in question fails. Most votes in the House are done electronically, allowing members
3953:
investigate specialized subjects and advise the entire
Congress about choices and trade-offs. The choice of specialty may be influenced by the member's constituency, important regional issues, prior background and experience. Senators often choose a different specialty from that of the other senator
3621:
Each territory and
Washington, D.C., elects a non-voting delegate to the U.S. House of Representatives as they have throughout congressional history. They "possess the same powers as other members of the House, except that they may not vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives".
3564:
which permit
Congress to "make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof". Broad interpretations of this clause and of
4639:
issue. Some see money as a good influence in politics since it "enables candidates to communicate with voters". Few members retire from
Congress without complaining about how much it costs to campaign for reelection. Critics contend that members of Congress are more likely to attend to the needs of
4631:
was $ 70,000 but costs have climbed. The biggest expense is television advertisements. Today's races cost more than a million dollars for a House seat, and six million or more for a Senate seat. Since fundraising is vital, "members of
Congress are forced to spend ever-increasing hours raising money
4395:
committee is in charge. Each branch has its own traditions; for example, the Senate relies heavily on the practice of getting "unanimous consent" for noncontroversial matters. House and Senate rules can be complex, sometimes requiring a hundred specific steps before a bill can become a law. Members
3787:
officials, judges, and other high officers "by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate". It confirms most presidential nominees, but rejections are not uncommon. Furthermore, treaties negotiated by the President must be ratified by a two-thirds majority vote in the Senate to take effect. As a
4012:
and this office is usually held by the most senior member of the Senate's majority party and customarily keeps this position until there is a change in party control. Accordingly, the Senate does not necessarily elect a new president pro tempore at the beginning of a new Congress. In the House and
3841:
of 1791 was the first congressional investigation of the executive branch. Investigations are conducted to gather information on the need for future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed, and to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and officials of the
3742:
executive or judicial officials for "Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors". Impeachment is a formal accusation of unlawful activity by a civil officer or government official. The Senate is constitutionally empowered and obligated to try all impeachments. A simple majority in the
3337:
Congress has authority over financial and budgetary policy through the enumerated power to "lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States". There is vast authority over budgets, although analyst Eric
3321:
creates and sets forth the structure and most of the powers of Congress. Sections One through Six describe how Congress is elected and gives each House the power to create its own structure. Section Seven lays out the process for creating laws, and Section Eight enumerates numerous powers. Section
2534:
Congress reflects us in all our strengths and all our weaknesses. It reflects our regional idiosyncrasies, our ethnic, religious, and racial diversity, our multitude of professions, and our shadings of opinion on everything from the value of war to the war over values. Congress is the government's
2525:
asserted that the "historic mission of Congress has been to maintain freedom" and insisted it was a "driving force in American government" and a "remarkably resilient institution". Congress is the "heart and soul of our democracy", according to this view, even though legislators rarely achieve the
2482:
states, "All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives." The House and Senate are equal partners in the legislative process – legislation cannot be enacted without the consent of
4934:
due to their coverage. Others have criticized the wealth of members of Congress. In January 2014, it was reported that for the first time over half of the members of Congress were millionaires. Congress has been criticized for trying to conceal pay raises by slipping them into a large bill at the
4700:
asking people if they approve of the job Congress is doing have, in the last few decades, hovered around 25% with some variation. Scholar Julian Zeliger suggested that the "size, messiness, virtues, and vices that make Congress so interesting also create enormous barriers to our understanding the
4372:
introduction. Joint resolutions are the normal way to propose a constitutional amendment or declare war. On the other hand, concurrent resolutions (passed by both houses) and simple resolutions (passed by only one house) do not have the force of law but express the opinion of Congress or regulate
4337:
Ideas for legislation can come from members, lobbyists, state legislatures, constituents, legislative counsel, or executive agencies. Anyone can write a bill, but only members of Congress may introduce bills. Most bills are not written by Congress members, but originate from the Executive branch;
4988:
privilege allows members of Congress to send official mail to constituents at government expense. Though they are not permitted to send election materials, borderline material is often sent, especially in the run-up to an election by those in close races. Some academics consider free mailings as
4407:
which have jurisdiction over a particular subject such as Agriculture or Appropriations. The House has twenty standing committees; the Senate has sixteen. Standing committees meet at least once each month. Almost all standing committee meetings for transacting business must be open to the public
4221:
speculate that a prolonged period marked by narrow majorities in both chambers of Congress has intensified partisanship in the last few decades, but that an alternation of control of Congress between Democrats and Republicans may lead to greater flexibility in policies, as well as pragmatism and
3829:
on the Supreme Court have argued that if the constitution does not say something explicitly it is unconstitutional to infer what it should, might, or could have said. Judicial review means that the Supreme Court can nullify a congressional law. It is a huge check by the courts on the legislative
3678:
To me the key to understanding it is balance. The founders went to great lengths to balance institutions against each other – balancing powers among the three branches: Congress, the president, and the Supreme Court; between the House of Representatives and the Senate; between the
4420:
session, where committee members debate the bill's merits and may offer amendments or revisions. Committees may also amend the bill, but the full house holds the power to accept or reject committee amendments. After debate, the committee votes whether it wishes to report the measure to the full
2530:; one wrote that "legislators remain ghosts in America's historical imagination." One analyst argues that it is not a solely reactive institution but has played an active role in shaping government policy and is extraordinarily sensitive to public pressure. Several academics described Congress:
4956:
reported in 2009 that lawmaker trips abroad at taxpayer expense had included spas, $ 300-per-night extra unused rooms, and shopping excursions. Some lawmakers responded that "traveling with spouses compensates for being away from them a lot in Washington" and justify the trips as a way to meet
4764:
gave every state, large and small, an equal vote in the Senate. Since each state has two senators, residents of smaller states have more clout in the Senate than residents of larger states. But since 1787, the population disparity between large and small states has grown; in 2006, for example,
3885:
Congress is split into two chambers – House and Senate – and manages the task of writing national legislation by dividing work into separate committees which specialize in different areas. Some members of Congress are elected by their peers to be officers of these
3862:
are the exception); important hearings are widely reported in the mass media and transcripts published a few months afterwards. Congress, in the course of studying possible laws and investigating matters, generates an incredible amount of information in various forms, and can be described as a
3122:
to introduce bills and resolutions, and in recent Congresses they vote in permanent and select committees, in party caucuses and in joint conferences with the Senate. They have Capitol Hill offices, staff and two annual appointments to each of the four military academies. While their votes are
4743:
An additional factor that confounds public perceptions of Congress is that congressional issues are becoming more technical and complex and require expertise in subjects such as science, engineering and economics. As a result, Congress often cedes authority to experts at the executive branch.
4371:
on the Clerk's desk. It is assigned a number and referred to a committee which studies each bill intensely at this stage. Drafting statutes requires "great skill, knowledge, and experience" and sometimes take a year or more. Sometimes lobbyists write legislation and submit it to a member for
4457:
Once a bill is approved by one house, it is sent to the other which may pass, reject, or amend it. For the bill to become law, both houses must agree to identical versions of the bill. If the second house amends the bill, then the differences between the two versions must be reconciled in a
3625:
Washington, D.C., citizens alone among U.S. territories have the right to directly vote for the President of the United States, although the Democratic and Republican political parties nominate their presidential candidates at national conventions which include delegates from the five major
4080:'s private library. One of the library's missions is to serve Congress and its staff as well as the American public. It is the largest library in the world with nearly 150 million items including books, films, maps, photographs, music, manuscripts, graphics, and materials in 470 languages.
4554:
and then the bill becomes law automatically after ten days (not counting Sundays) according to the Constitution. But if Congress is adjourned during this period, presidents may veto legislation passed at the end of a congressional session simply by ignoring it; the maneuver is known as a
9690:
4591:
Senators face reelection every six years, and representatives every two. Reelections encourage candidates to focus their publicity efforts at their home states or districts. Running for reelection can be a grueling process of distant travel and fund-raising which distracts senators and
3338:
Patashnik suggested that much of Congress's power to manage the budget has been lost when the welfare state expanded since "entitlements were institutionally detached from Congress's ordinary legislative routine and rhythm." Another factor leading to less control over the budget was a
3948:
The committee structure permits members of Congress to study a particular subject intensely. It is neither expected nor possible that a member be an expert on all subject areas before Congress. As time goes by, members develop expertise in particular subjects and their legal aspects.
6845:...two decades of unbroken Democratic Senate control from 1961 to 1980 ... Neither side lately has consistently reached the heights that Democrats did while they held unbroken control of the lower chamber from 1955 through 1994 when the party routinely won 250 seats or more.
5059:. Each member has the power to cite people for contempt but can only issue a contempt citation – the judicial system pursues the matter like a normal criminal case. If convicted in court of contempt of Congress, a person may be imprisoned for up to one year.
4492:
Voting within Congress can take many forms, including systems using lights and bells and electronic voting. Both houses use voice voting to decide most matters in which members shout "aye" or "no" and the presiding officer announces the result. The Constitution requires a
8633:
Sec. 9. (l). "The 'United States' when used in a geographical sense, means the fifty states, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands, and associated territorial waters and
11155:
5037:. The rules of the House strictly guard this privilege; a member may not waive the privilege on their own but must seek the permission of the whole house to do so. Senate rules are less strict and permit individual senators to waive the privilege as they choose.
6500:
2518:, the Congress has started and ended at noon on the third day of January of every odd-numbered year. Members of the Senate are referred to as senators; members of the House of Representatives are referred to as representatives, congressmen, or congresswomen.
3926:
3102:
weeks and risked a serious default on debt payments, causing 60% of the public to say they would "fire every member of Congress" including their own representative. One report suggested Congress posed the "biggest risk to the U.S. economy" because of its
3694:
The influence of Congress on the presidency has varied from period to period depending on factors such as congressional leadership, presidential political influence, historical circumstances such as war, and individual initiative by members of Congress.
4445:
which is a simple resolution specifying the particulars of debate – time limits, possibility of further amendments, and such. Each side has equal time and members can yield to other members who wish to speak. Sometimes opponents seek to
4454:, usually half of the total number of representatives, before discussion can begin, although there are exceptions. The house may debate and amend the bill; the precise procedures used by the House and Senate differ. A final vote on the bill follows.
3479:, although others respond that Congress did investigate the legality of presidential decisions. Political scientists Ornstein and Mann suggested that oversight functions do not help members of Congress win reelection. Congress also has the exclusive
3866:
Congress also plays a role in presidential elections. Both Houses meet in joint session on the sixth day of January following a presidential election to count the electoral votes, and there are procedures to follow if no candidate wins a majority.
2590:
The Congress of the United States serves two distinct purposes that overlap: local representation to the federal government of a congressional district by representatives and a state's at-large representation to the federal government by senators.
3041:
contributions. One source suggests post-Watergate laws amended in 1974 meant to reduce the "influence of wealthy contributors and end payoffs" instead "legitimized PACs" since they "enabled individuals to band together in support of candidates".
14226:
3870:
The main result of congressional activity is the creation of laws, most of which are contained in the United States Code, arranged by subject matter alphabetically under fifty title headings to present the laws "in a concise and usable form".
12758:
4502:, in which a clerk calls out the names of all the senators, each senator stating "aye" or "no" when their name is announced. In the Senate, the Vice President may cast the tie-breaking vote if present when the senators are equally divided.
12768:
3617:
rests with Congress. The republican form of government in territories is devolved by congressional statute to the respective territories including direct election of governors, the D.C. mayor and locally elective territorial legislatures.
3444:, and "make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof".
2452:
3894:
to help provide it with information, and members of Congress have staff and offices to assist them as well. In addition, a vast industry of lobbyists helps members write legislation on behalf of diverse corporate and labor interests.
3792:, urged her former senate colleagues to approve a nuclear arms treaty with Russia in 2010. The House of Representatives has no formal role in either the ratification of treaties or the appointment of federal officials, other than in
3005:
had a powerful effect of waking up a somewhat dormant Congress which investigated presidential wrongdoing and coverups; the scandal "substantially reshaped" relations between the branches of government, suggested political scientist
4713:... it is rich in resources" and that most members behave ethically. They contend that "Congress is easy to dislike and often difficult to defend" and this perception is exacerbated because many challengers running for Congress run
4751:
has reported Congress's approval rating among Americans at 10% or below three times. Public opinion of Congress plummeted further to 5% in October 2013 after parts of the U.S. government deemed 'nonessential government' shut down.
11763:
10318:
9387:
8844:
8807:
7346:
6938:
6358:
5650:
5546:
4429:
with a new number. Both houses have procedures under which committees can be bypassed or overruled but they are rarely used. Generally, members who have been in Congress longer have greater seniority and therefore greater power.
4294:
in 1913. Joint Sessions and Joint Meetings are traditionally presided over by the speaker of the House, except when counting presidential electoral votes when the vice president (acting as the president of the Senate) presides.
7566:
4949:
Members of Congress make fact-finding missions to learn about other countries and stay informed, but these outings can cause controversy if the trip is deemed excessive or unconnected with the task of governing. For example,
12753:
2969:
rather initiated by Congress. President Roosevelt pushed his agenda in Congress by detailing Executive Branch staff to friendly Senate committees (a practice that ended with the Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946). The
5234:
Angus King of Maine, who cruised to victory last week running as an independent, said Wednesday that he will caucus with Senate Democrats. The Senate's other independent, Bernie Sanders of Vermont, also caucuses with the
6463:
13160:
11147:
3032:
contributions. While soft money funds were not given to specific campaigns for candidates, the money often benefited candidates substantially in an indirect way and helped reelect candidates. Reforms such as the 2002
3386:
has usurped Congress's constitutionally defined task of declaring war. While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the
4255:
3 each year unless Congress decides differently. The Constitution requires Congress to meet at least once each year and forbids either house from meeting outside the Capitol without the consent of the other house.
3809:, holding that Congress could not grant unconstitutional power to the Court itself. The Constitution did not explicitly state that the courts may exercise judicial review. The notion that courts could declare laws
4106:
hearings, makes reports, consults on matters such as parliamentary procedure, and helps the two chambers resolve disagreements. It has been called the "House's think tank" and has a staff of about 900 employees.
3743:
House is required to impeach an official; a two-thirds majority in the Senate is required for conviction. A convicted official is automatically removed from office; in addition, the Senate may stipulate that the
4497:
if demanded by one-fifth of the members present or when voting to override a presidential veto. If the voice vote is unclear or if the matter is controversial, a recorded vote usually happens. The Senate uses
8261:
9470:
4177:
bills. In 2007, there were approximately 17,000 federal lobbyists in Washington, D.C. They explain to legislators the goals of their organizations. Some lobbyists represent non-profit organizations and work
11567:
3165:
Women candidates began making substantial inroads in the later 20th century, due in part to new political support mechanisms and public awareness of their underrepresentation in Congress. Recruitment and
5221:
4351:. There is little difference between a bill and a joint resolution since both are treated similarly; a joint resolution originating from the House, for example, begins "H.J.Res." followed by its number.
3679:
federal government and the states; among states of different sizes and regions with different interests; between the powers of government and the rights of citizens, as spelled out in the Bill of Rights
3512:, have described this practice as against the spirit of the Constitution. There have been concerns that presidential authority to cope with financial crises is eclipsing the power of Congress. In 2008,
3491:
are one way in which a president can "tip the balance of power between Congress and the White House a little more in favor of the executive branch", according to one account. Past presidents, including
2692:
over most decisions. Congress had executive but not legislative authority, and the federal judiciary was confined to admiralty and lacked authority to collect taxes, regulate commerce, or enforce laws.
14231:
3970:
process, can introduce bills to the House floor and effectively bypass committee input, they are exceedingly difficult to implement without committee action. Committees have power and have been called
3793:
3010:. Partisanship returned, particularly after 1994; one analyst attributes partisan infighting to slim congressional majorities which discouraged friendly social gatherings in meeting rooms such as the
14329:
13813:
5282:
2388:, so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election. Each state, regardless of population or size, has two senators, so currently, there are 100 senators for the 50 states.
3367:
with foreign nations and among the states, and coin money. Generally, the Senate and the House of Representatives have equal legislative authority, although only the House may originate revenue and
13366:
13361:
13356:
8736:
7599:
4376:. Bills may be introduced by any member of either house. The Constitution states: "All Bills for raising Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives." While the Senate cannot originate
3115:
2938:
expanded congressional power to regulate the economy. One effect of popular election of senators was to reduce the difference between the House and Senate in terms of their link to the electorate.
13338:
12748:
2994:
narrowly won the presidency and power shifted again to the Democrats who dominated both chambers of Congress from 1961 to 1980, and retained a consistent majority in the House from 1955 to 1994.
6116:"I see by a paper of last evening that even in New York a meeting of the people has taken place, at the instance of the Republican Party, and that a committee is appointed for the like purpose."
18231:
13963:
13155:
4478:
which discourages members from considering acts that increase budget deficits. If both houses agree to the version reported by the conference committee, the bill passes, otherwise it fails.
18951:
16660:
13371:
12726:
12627:
5255:
5454:
16622:
12743:
2847:
in which influential lobbies advocated for railroad subsidies and tariffs on wool. Immigration and high birth rates swelled the ranks of citizens and the nation grew at a rapid pace. The
3622:
They are assigned offices and allowances for staff, participate in debate, and appoint constituents to the four military service academies for the Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard.
3353:
without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration. The Constitution also grants Congress the exclusive power to appropriate funds, and this
19443:
14638:
13177:
12632:
12422:
4969:
3360:
4747:
Since 2006, Congress has dropped ten points in the Gallup confidence poll with only nine percent having "a great deal" or "quite a lot" of confidence in their legislators. Since 2011,
13378:
13348:
7265:
7100:"PAC Paranoia: Congress Faces Campaign Spending – Politics: Hysteria was the operative word when legislators realized they could not return home without tougher campaign finance laws"
6128:"The republican party, who wish to preserve the government in its present form, are fewer in number. They are fewer even when joined by the two, three, or half dozen anti-federalists.
5108:
4592:
representatives from paying attention to governing, according to some critics. Although others respond that the process is necessary to keep members of Congress in touch with voters.
3068:
From 1970 to 2009, the House expanded delegates, along with their powers and privileges representing U.S. citizens in non-state areas, beginning with representation on committees for
8897:
16566:
5044:
of the Constitution that "for any Speech or Debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any other Place." Accordingly, a member of Congress may not be sued in court for
4894:". Family members of active legislators have also been hired by lobbying firms, which while not allowed to lobby their family member, has drawn criticism as a conflict of interest.
4045:
3703:
made the presidency less powerful than Congress for a considerable period afterwards. The 20th and 21st centuries have seen the rise of presidential power under politicians such as
3217:, and the elimination of race-based immigration laws in the 1960s opened the possibility for Black, Asian American, Latina and other non-white women candidates to run for Congress.
3073:
2426:
11749:
10304:
9371:
8830:
8793:
7332:
6924:
6344:
5636:
5532:
16533:
12642:
5394:
Congress is composed of 541 individuals from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, the U.S. Virgin Islands, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, and Puerto Rico.
3588:
2330:
826:
396:
10562:
4721:
The rough-and-tumble world of legislating is not orderly and civil, human frailties too often taint its membership, and legislative outcomes are often frustrating and ineffective
3954:
from their state to prevent overlap. Some committees specialize in running the business of other committees and exert a powerful influence over all legislation; for example, the
17711:
16572:
13850:
13343:
5025:
applies to members during sessions and when traveling to and from sessions. The term "arrest" has been interpreted broadly, and includes any detention or delay in the course of
3124:
3091:
suggested that greater publicity undermined the power of political parties and caused "more roads to open up in Congress for individual representatives to influence decisions".
1089:
13252:
12420:
3978:
which gather information, evaluate alternatives, and identify problems. They propose solutions for consideration by the full chamber. In addition, they perform the function of
19316:
16820:
14822:
14386:
13388:
13040:
3855:
9920:"Column One – TV Blitz Fueled by a Fortune – Once obscure, Huffington now is pressing Feinstein. His well-financed rapid-response team has mounted an unprecedented ad attack"
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4013:
Senate, the actual presiding officer is generally a junior member of the majority party who is appointed so that new members become acquainted with the rules of the chamber.
16556:
14617:
14371:
13566:
12695:
11087:
5506:
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11458:"An $ 84,000 trip to Qatar and a $ 41,000 retreat in Miami: Members of Congress are going on expensive travels paid for by private groups where some bring their loved ones"
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13172:
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4908:
Some members of congress have gone on lavish trips paid for by outside groups, sometimes bringing family members, which are often legal even if in an ethical gray area.
3524:
The Constitution enumerates the powers of Congress in detail. In addition, other congressional powers have been granted, or confirmed, by constitutional amendments. The
3483:, allowing impeachment and removal of the president, federal judges and other federal officers. There have been charges that presidents acting under the doctrine of the
1998:
803:
792:
349:
8346:
4338:
interest groups often draft bills as well. The usual next step is for the proposal to be passed to a committee for review. A proposal is usually in one of these forms:
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12763:
11502:
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2272:
10245:
9902:
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4705:... Unlike the presidency, Congress is difficult to conceptualize." Other scholars suggest that despite the criticism, "Congress is a remarkably resilient institution
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19133:
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publisher. Indeed, it publishes House and Senate reports and maintains databases which are updated irregularly with publications in a variety of electronic formats.
3688:
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was characterized by strong party leadership in both houses of Congress and calls for reform; sometimes reformers said lobbyists corrupted politics. The position of
2026:
7368:
4270:
Joint sessions of the United States Congress occur on special occasions that require a concurrent resolution from House and Senate. These sessions include counting
2704:
Congress. Smaller states argued for equal representation for each state. The two-chamber structure had functioned well in state governments. A compromise plan, the
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of Johnson, Clinton, and the 2019 trial of Trump all ended in acquittal; in Johnson's case, the Senate fell one vote short of the two-thirds majority required for
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charged that Congress was not doing an adequate job of oversight in this case. There have been concerns about congressional oversight of executive actions such as
1824:
1074:
11559:
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10876:
8478:
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4828:: Lawmakers who spend serious time along the "rail of the House floor or in the Senate cloakroom ministering to the needs of their colleagues". Famous legislator
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1952:
12300:
9773:
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16375:
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2398:. for seven years for the House and nine years for the Senate, and be an inhabitant of the state which they represent. Members in both chambers may stand for
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authority and limits congressional power substantially. In 1857, for example, the Supreme Court struck down provisions of a congressional act of 1820 in its
3533:
3508:, have made public statements when signing congressional legislation about how they understand a bill or plan to execute it, and commentators, including the
3429:
wrote that "Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution," and that the "real erosion began after World War
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II." Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.
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are laws in the making. A House-originated bill begins with the letters "H.R." for "House of Representatives", followed by a number kept as it progresses.
2413:
in its legislative function. Although not legally mandated, in practice since the 19th century, Congress members are typically affiliated with one of the
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in the office of the vice president; in such a case, a majority vote in each House is required to confirm a president's nomination of a vice president.
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because of remarks made in either house, although each house has its own rules restricting offensive speeches, and may punish members who transgress.
4408:
unless the committee votes, publicly, to close the meeting. A committee might call for public hearings on important bills. Each committee is led by a
3425:
magazine in 1970, "U.S. presidents ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times." In 1993,
3158:
forestalled opportunities to run for and hold public office. The two party system and the lack of term limits favored incumbent white men, making the
2501:
cases, while the Senate decides impeachment cases. A two-thirds vote of the Senate is required before an impeached person can be removed from office.
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that a chief problem with Congress was that members focused on their future careers as lobbyists after serving – that Congress was a "
4001:
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A system of seniority, in which long-time members of Congress gained more and more power, encouraged politicians of both parties to seek long terms.
854:
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was marked by partisanship, as is the case today. It is generally easier for committees to reach accord on issues when compromise is possible. Some
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million along with concern over PAC influence in Congress. In 2009, there were 4,600 business, labor and special-interest PACs including ones for
2433:
affiliated with no party. In the case of the latter, the lack of affiliation with a political party does not mean that such members are unable to
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Racially polarized voting, racial stereotypes and lack of institutional support still prevent women of color from reaching Congress as easily as
3058:
2712:(benefiting larger states) and exactly two senators chosen by state governments (benefiting smaller states). The ratified constitution created a
2150:
1046:
11597:
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8514:"To Make the Militia a National Force: The Power of Congress Under the Constitution "for Organizing, Arming, and Disciplining" the State Troops"
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3322:
Nine is a list of powers Congress does not have, and Section Ten enumerates powers of the state, some of which may only be granted by Congress.
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7474:... saying if they had the chance to vote to defeat and replace every single member of Congress, including their own representative, they would
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and is facilitated by Congress's subpoena power. Some critics have charged that Congress has in some instances failed to do an adequate job of
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among the three branches of the federal government. Its authors expected the greater power to lie with Congress as described in Article One.
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2831:, which lasted from 1861 to 1865, which resolved the slavery issue and unified the nation under federal authority but weakened the power of
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Scott, Walter (April 25, 2010). "Personality Parade column:Q. Does Congress pay for its own health care?". New York, NY: Parade. p. 2.
8416:
3119:
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11132:., pp. 48–49, notes that members will also regularly appear at local events in their home district, and will maintain offices in the home
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and other forms of structural racism made it virtually impossible for women of color to reach Congress prior to 1965. The passage of the
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1945:
1657:
1079:
12306:
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11284:
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When the Constitution was ratified in 1787, the ratio of the populations of large states to small states was roughly twelve to one. The
4619:; while these are not intended for electioneering, this rule is often skirted by borderline election-related mailings during campaigns.
4139:. It helps Congress estimate revenue inflows from taxes and helps the budgeting process. It makes projections about such matters as the
3162:– in which a woman temporarily took over a seat vacated by the death of her husband – the most common path to Congress for white women.
3095:
suggested that media prominence led to a greater emphasis on the negative and sensational side of Congress, and referred to this as the
21364:
20403:
19918:
19913:
19903:
19276:
19005:
18253:
16300:
16147:
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10554:
10135:"Radio, Radio – New Democratic ads attacking House Republicans in the lead-up to the 2010 midterm elections don't tell the whole story"
8958:
6187:
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4387:
Each chamber determines its own internal rules of operation unless specified in the Constitution or prescribed by law. In the House, a
3846:
people to testify when investigating issues over which it has the power to legislate. Witnesses who refuse to testify may be cited for
3130:
On January 6, 2021, the Congress gathered to confirm the election of Joe Biden, when supporters of the outgoing president Donald Trump
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votes, recent Congresses have not allowed for that, and they cannot vote when the House is meeting as the House of Representatives.
2843:
dominance of Congress. During this time, lobbying activity became more intense, particularly during the administration of President
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19908:
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of the minority party. Witnesses and experts can present their case for or against a bill. Then, a bill may go to what is called a
4231:
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2329:, as President of the Senate, has a vote in the Senate only when casting a tie-breaking vote. The House of Representatives has six
2110:
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in 1970. In 1971, a delegate for the District of Columbia was authorized, and in 1972 new delegate positions were established for
2394:
requires that members of Congress must be at least 25 years old for the House and at least 30 years old for the U.S. Senate, be a
2352:
established that there be 435 representatives, and the Uniform Congressional Redistricting Act requires that they be elected from
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20947:
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10808:"Presidential Power to the People – Author Dana D. Nelson on why democracy demands that the next president be taken down a notch"
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then it is rejected. If amendments are extensive, sometimes a new bill with amendments built in will be submitted as a so-called
3880:
3054:
2965:'s election in 1932 marked a shift in government power towards the executive branch. Numerous New Deal initiatives came from the
2294:
1968:
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704:
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controlled both houses of Congress for many years. During this time, Republicans and conservative southern Democrats formed the
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affect only the House and Senate and accordingly are not presented to the president. In the House, they begin with "H.Con.Res."
4125:
3994:
who does not normally preside over debates but serves as the majority party's leader. In the Senate, the vice president is the
3788:
result, presidential arm-twisting of senators can happen before a key vote; for example, President Obama's secretary of state,
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12156:"HISTORY – The Framers' Real Motives (book review) Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution book by Woody Holton"
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9354:
8770:
8647:
8354:
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6154:
5755:"History – The Framers' Real Motives (book review) Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution book by Woody Holton"
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continue to change, the internal structure of Congress is important to understand along with its interactions with so-called
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of the Senate, House, and Presidency. Since 1980, the Democrats have held the Presidency for four terms, but because of the
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Lobbyists represent diverse interests and often seek to influence congressional decisions to reflect their clients' needs.
3649:
3441:
3261:
3224:. Senate elections, which require victories in statewide electorates, have been particularly difficult for women of color.
3069:
2815:
2391:
2010:
1814:
814:
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4526:
and can change their votes during the last five minutes if they choose; in addition, paper ballots are used occasionally (
3738:
The Constitution concentrates removal powers in the Congress by empowering and obligating the House of Representatives to
2762:
jostled for power in the early years as political parties became pronounced. With the passage of the Constitution and the
2539:... Congress is essentially charged with reconciling our many points of view on the great public policy issues of the day.
2135:
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4155:. The speaker of the House and the Senate's president pro tempore jointly appoint the CBO director for a four-year term.
3834:
decision. At the same time, the Supreme Court can extend congressional power through its constitutional interpretations.
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reduced the power of defeated and retiring members of Congress to wield influence despite their lack of accountability.
89:
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such as "Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled
4152:
3199:
3150:
Various social and structural barriers have prevented women from gaining seats in Congress. In the early 20th century,
2931:
2912:
By the beginning of the 20th century, party structures and leadership emerged as key organizers of Senate proceedings.
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2180:
2084:
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1872:
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20530:
20398:
20320:
20297:
20257:
20121:
20111:
19988:
19963:
19870:
19850:
19328:
19118:
18844:
18226:
17782:
17471:
17435:
17304:
17256:
17176:
17112:
17032:
17000:
16968:
16810:
14913:
14631:
14485:
14241:
13728:
13237:
13187:
12690:
12325:
12234:
12211:
12190:
12105:
12084:
12040:
12020:
11997:
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11251:
11058:
10936:
10907:
10312:
9381:
9304:
9259:
9157:
8838:
8801:
7760:
7340:
7303:
6932:
6866:
6389:
6352:
6270:
6223:
The People's Lobby: Organizational Innovation and the Rise of Interest-Group Politics in the United States, 1890–1925
6079:
5936:
5644:
5582:
5540:
5500:
5348:
5304:
4717:
Congress, which is an "old form of American politics" that further undermines Congress's reputation with the public:
4673:
3660:
2654:
2155:
1993:
1867:
1862:
1857:
1760:
1735:
1696:
1587:
1530:
1495:
1210:
712:
661:
130:
12990:
10220:
8574:
4964:, changes to congressional pay may not take effect before the next election to the House of the Representatives. In
4333:
with committee members sitting in the tiers of raised chairs and those testifying and audience members sitting below
4040:
The Library of Congress was established by an act of Congress in 1800. It is primarily housed in three buildings on
21810:
21622:
21529:
21147:
21142:
20952:
20614:
20560:
20545:
20447:
20282:
19758:
19711:
19706:
19608:
19535:
19235:
19000:
18529:
17695:
17663:
17615:
17320:
17128:
17064:
17048:
16952:
16920:
14936:
14785:
14760:
14499:
14298:
14118:
13931:
12675:
11915:"How To Clean Up The Mess From Inside The System, A Plea – And A Plan – To Reform Campaign Finance Before It's Too"
10159:
9284:
5093:
4485:) be present before doing business in each house. The rules of each house assume that a quorum is present unless a
4400:
3887:
3584:
3062:
2971:
2422:
2418:
2395:
1806:
1791:
1767:
1682:
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1482:
1477:
516:
498:
461:
432:
360:
337:
314:
291:
265:
12126:
10015:
9660:"5 keys to who will control Congress: How immigration, gas, Medicare, Iraq and scandal could affect midterm races"
8665:
8221:"Presidential Authority to Conduct Warrantless Electronic Surveillance to Gather Foreign Intelligence Information"
8220:
7577:
2483:
both chambers. The Constitution grants each chamber some unique powers. The Senate ratifies treaties and approves
21922:
21315:
20962:
20648:
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20378:
20287:
20178:
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18886:
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16936:
14780:
14517:
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13052:
12587:
12523:
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4943:
2041:
1819:
1670:
1612:
1567:
1395:
1054:
98:
11337:
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10732:
10416:
8701:"The very structure of the Constitution gives us profound insights about what the founders thought was important
2639:
21927:
21399:
21338:
21333:
20849:
20794:
20754:
20631:
20305:
20252:
20168:
20158:
20126:
20055:
20043:
19998:
19885:
19783:
19645:
19565:
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19341:
19198:
18901:
18859:
18802:
18576:
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17985:
17583:
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14744:
14725:
14708:
14422:
14410:
14293:
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11942:
11657:
11640:
9207:
5781:
5376:
4846:
4399:
Each bill goes through several stages in each house including consideration by a committee and advice from the
4384:, it has the power to amend or reject them. Congress has sought ways to establish appropriate spending levels.
4099:
4089:
3974:. Legislative, oversight, and internal administrative tasks are divided among about two hundred committees and
3955:
3034:
2484:
2341:
2221:
2077:
1637:
1632:
1132:
1112:
935:
901:
11825:
9765:
4832:
in the mid-19th century was described as an "issue entrepreneur" who looked for issues to serve his ambitions.
21569:
21514:
21499:
21454:
21127:
20834:
20383:
20247:
20163:
20094:
20065:
20003:
19893:
19865:
19509:
18881:
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17599:
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17499:
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14790:
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14088:
13788:
13546:
13472:
13227:
13182:
12494:
10038:
9558:
8197:
6961:
4388:
4201:
Congress has alternated between periods of constructive cooperation and compromise between parties, known as
4164:
3748:
Another resigned before the Senate could complete the trial. Only three presidents have ever been impeached:
3696:
3379:
3288:
3019:
3015:
2681:
2510:
can also refer to a particular meeting of the legislature. A Congress covers two years; the current one, the
2410:
2246:
2175:
1617:
1602:
1320:
725:
680:
231:
12245:
9799:
8705:... the Founders thought that the Legislative Branch was going to be the great branch of government." —Hon.
7424:
4587:
In this example, the more even distribution is on the left and the gerrymandering is presented on the right.
21602:
21549:
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20678:
20671:
20604:
20467:
20350:
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20116:
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19898:
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19803:
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19311:
19244:
19101:
19057:
18985:
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18824:
18635:
18499:
18328:
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18044:
17643:
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15113:
15108:
15103:
15098:
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15088:
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14135:
13756:
13556:
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12581:
12577:
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2803:
2763:
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2373:
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1059:
951:
155:
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12985:
11528:
10774:
9977:
9869:
9320:
7442:... Down-to-the-wire budget and debt crises, indiscriminate spending cuts and a 16-day government shutdown
6236:"Party in Power – Congress and Presidency – A Visual Guide to the Balance of Power in Congress, 1945–2008"
4816:: These are lawmakers who "never met a voter they didn't like" and provide excellent constituent services.
42:
21564:
21464:
21424:
21241:
21152:
21087:
20887:
20819:
20814:
20779:
20599:
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20365:
20267:
20190:
20072:
19968:
19793:
19778:
19716:
19351:
19306:
19113:
18995:
18849:
17631:
17483:
17375:
17355:
17236:
17224:
17188:
15614:
15609:
15604:
15599:
15594:
15589:
15584:
15579:
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15569:
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15543:
15538:
15533:
15528:
15523:
15518:
15513:
15502:
15497:
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15477:
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15462:
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15446:
15441:
15436:
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15411:
15406:
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15390:
15385:
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15365:
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15345:
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15319:
15314:
15309:
15304:
15299:
15294:
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15278:
15273:
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15258:
15253:
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15243:
15238:
15233:
15222:
15217:
15212:
15207:
15202:
15197:
15192:
15187:
15182:
15177:
15052:
15047:
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15037:
15032:
15027:
15022:
15017:
15012:
15001:
14730:
14555:
14439:
14152:
13477:
13199:
13062:
12055:
11737:
Simpson, G. R. (October 22, 1992). "Surprise! Top Frankers Also Have the Stiffest Challenges". Roll Call.
11658:"Congress Travels More, Public Pays: Lawmakers Ramp Up Taxpayer-Financed Journeys; Five Days in Scotland"
11024:"Our Undemocratic Constitution: Where the Constitution Goes Wrong (And How We the People can Correct It)"
10607:
10582:
10469:
9919:
9659:
6287:
4887:
4121:
4115:
4032:
3561:
3452:
3331:
3138:
supporters occupied Congress until D.C police evacuated the area. The event was the first time since the
2783:
2669:
2380:
results, provided that each state has at least one congressional representative. Each senator is elected
2349:
2145:
2031:
1892:
1706:
1490:
1415:
1360:
1325:
17:
10704:
10529:
10098:
6239:
21691:
21519:
21489:
21434:
21414:
21117:
20932:
20902:
20769:
20503:
20373:
20205:
20185:
20173:
19983:
19973:
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19560:
19173:
19163:
18690:
18685:
18675:
18670:
18192:
17563:
17403:
14996:
14991:
14986:
14981:
14976:
14971:
14966:
14961:
14956:
14775:
14560:
13487:
13148:
7672:
7195:
7099:
5842:
5177:
do not caucus with the Democrats, but are "formally aligned with the Democrats for committee purposes".
4865:
4568:
3303:
3179:
3065:. From 2007 to 2008, 175 members of Congress received "half or more of their campaign cash" from PACs.
3023:
2661:
1400:
1305:
21844:
11027:
10838:
3536:(1870) gave Congress authority to enact legislation to enforce rights of African Americans, including
3205:
Women of color faced additional challenges that made their ascension to Congress even more difficult.
21539:
21494:
21404:
21107:
21007:
20987:
20882:
20829:
20082:
19388:
19193:
19188:
18750:
18204:
17659:
17627:
17507:
17300:
17220:
17172:
17108:
17028:
16996:
16984:
16964:
16948:
14837:
14550:
14454:
12456:
11589:
10749:
10650:
9594:
7164:
7065:
5843:"James Madison and the Federal Constitutional Convention of 1787 – Engendering a National Government"
4857:
3777:
3411:'s military move into Panama in 1903 did not get congressional approval. In the early days after the
3214:
2897:, have only been able to freely legislate in two years. The Republicans have been similarly disabled.
2767:
2677:
1365:
1355:
1350:
1330:
271:
38:
21793:
12127:
Huckabee, David C. – Analyst in American National Government – Government Division (March 8, 1995).
11050:
10076:
8044:
7983:
7138:
6776:
6623:
4946:(CSRS) was $ 75,528, while those who retired under FERS, or in combination with CSRS, was $ 41,208.
4076:, but the library's collections were restored and expanded when Congress authorized the purchase of
21220:
21047:
21027:
20195:
19575:
19545:
19540:
19530:
19296:
19252:
19093:
18854:
18640:
18504:
18318:
18258:
17679:
17611:
17547:
17292:
17124:
17076:
17060:
17020:
16932:
15630:
14693:
14130:
12980:
8919:
5158:
3614:
3509:
3396:
3392:
3323:
2430:
2348:. The members of the House of Representatives are elected for the two-year term of a Congress. The
2322:
1430:
1280:
1195:
720:
108:
11529:"A Petition to Remove Health Care Subsidies From Members of Congress Has Nearly 500000 Signatures"
10512:
10446:
9737:
9448:
8074:
8014:
7957:
7920:
7003:
6902:
6806:
6746:
6713:
6683:
6653:
6593:
6560:
6530:
6427:
6261:
Davidson, Roger H.; Oleszek, Walter J.; Lee, Frances E.; Schickler, Eric; Curry, James M. (2022).
5902:
4729:... The popularity of Congress ebbs and flows with the public's confidence in government generally
3516:
called the Capitol building a "tomb for the antiquated idea that the legislative branch matters".
3487:
have assumed important legislative and budgetary powers that should belong to Congress. So-called
2729:
the legislature since there were two separate chambers. The new government became active in 1789.
21662:
21637:
21077:
20759:
19689:
19425:
19183:
18150:
17651:
17407:
17284:
16988:
14892:
14680:
14624:
14434:
14044:
13875:
13733:
13723:
13513:
13440:
13057:
7831:
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5041:
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4952:
4802:
4413:
4373:
4206:
3476:
3464:
3456:
3240:
2923:
2697:
2216:
2170:
1315:
1310:
1185:
94:
9691:"Toward a more democratic Congress? Our imperfect democratic constitution: the critics examined"
8408:
104:
21776:
21409:
21274:
21259:
21162:
21042:
20967:
20927:
20922:
20892:
20824:
20804:
20687:
20141:
19491:
19301:
19281:
19083:
18733:
18680:
18665:
18509:
18197:
17595:
17387:
17371:
17196:
14905:
14666:
14584:
14427:
12135:
11133:
9535:
9296:
8218:
5572:
5073:
5022:
5002:
4761:
4283:
2975:
2736:
suggested there were four main congressional eras, with considerable overlap, and included the
2705:
2606:
2544:
2527:
2353:
2241:
1796:
1405:
1370:
1275:
1250:
21349:
16638:
12390:
11280:
5338:
3186:
began recruiting, training and funding women candidates. Watershed political moments like the
21612:
21509:
21504:
21484:
21479:
21236:
21187:
21097:
21062:
21052:
21037:
21012:
20982:
20917:
20872:
20809:
20340:
20023:
19138:
18695:
18660:
18655:
18598:
18581:
18311:
17774:
17735:
17675:
17539:
17451:
17427:
17411:
17268:
17140:
14532:
13748:
13675:
13588:
13583:
13092:
12095:
11959:
11938:
11879:
10099:"Decision '92 – Special Voters' Guide to State and Local Elections – The Congressional Races"
8682:
5996:
5797:
5777:
5098:
4692:
4678:
4433:
A bill which reaches the floor of the full house can be simple or complex and begins with an
4065:
3838:
3732:
3712:
3645:
3159:
3139:
2962:
2310:
1390:
1340:
1295:
1285:
1270:
1260:
1245:
1225:
1200:
1190:
1180:
1037:
625:
67:
21627:
9288:
8950:
7722:
6171:
2824:
in 1803, effectively giving the Supreme Court a power to nullify congressional legislation.
692:
21705:
21524:
21439:
21429:
21112:
21102:
21092:
21082:
21022:
20937:
20907:
20784:
20692:
19820:
19694:
19585:
18963:
18395:
18375:
18323:
18273:
18214:
18145:
17667:
17467:
17363:
17332:
17252:
17244:
17068:
16896:
14736:
14492:
14349:
14140:
14050:
13987:
13921:
13870:
13445:
13109:
12562:
12452:
11875:
5056:
4973:
4697:
4662:
4643:
Elections are influenced by many variables. Some political scientists speculate there is a
4061:
3847:
3664:
3570:
3548:
under the law. Generally militia forces are controlled by state governments, not Congress.
3171:
2939:
2860:
2856:
2722:
2325:'s appointment. Congress has 535 voting members: 100 senators and 435 representatives. The
2306:
1913:
1410:
1385:
1290:
1230:
1205:
1175:
1165:
835:
581:
549:
443:
416:
193:
11960:"Federalist No. 15 – The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union"
11364:"These 97 Members of Congress Reported Trades in Companies Influenced by Their Committees"
7563:
5798:"Federalist No. 15 – The Insufficiency of the Present Confederation to Preserve the Union"
4470:
to limit budget bills. Both houses use a budget enforcement mechanism informally known as
2599:
8:
21588:
21182:
21172:
21032:
20977:
20799:
20789:
20764:
20232:
20148:
19958:
19674:
19359:
18990:
18187:
17743:
17727:
17691:
17555:
17523:
17491:
17443:
17316:
17044:
16940:
16916:
14842:
14449:
14400:
14162:
14113:
13798:
13665:
12100:. Hauppauge, New York: Novinka Books, an imprint of Nova Science Publishers. p. 21.
11629:
9225:
9049:
8709:
5014:
4682:, which argued in favor of a strong connection between citizens and their representatives
4242:
4027:
3936:
3891:
3610:
3339:
3225:
3151:
2487:
2461:
2385:
2326:
2206:
2125:
1345:
1300:
1240:
1215:
1170:
617:
11116:(Washington, D.C.: The Brookings Institution, 1963), p. 55; cf. pp. 50–55, 64–66, 75–84.
8158:
7596:"The US Capitol has been stormed before – when British troops burned Washington in 1814"
7406:... if they had the chance to vote to defeat and replace every single member of Congress
5040:
The Constitution guarantees absolute freedom of debate in both houses, providing in the
21057:
21002:
19472:
19460:
19178:
19168:
19145:
19128:
18524:
18268:
18263:
18135:
17339:
17156:
14832:
14522:
13860:
13778:
13718:
13598:
12602:
12353:
12275:
12201:
12073:
12009:
11178:
10673:
10340:
6492:
5371:
4616:
4404:
4279:
4275:
4214:
4053:
3967:
3818:
3805:
3704:
3488:
3408:
3375:
3363:
on the executive branch. Congress can borrow money on the credit of the United States,
3355:
3276:
3026:
or PACs could make substantive donations to congressional candidates via such means as
2954:
2828:
2820:
2787:
2779:
2576:
2514:, began on January 3, 2023, and will end on January 3, 2025. Since the adoption of the
2231:
2226:
2190:
2165:
2056:
2036:
1540:
1375:
1255:
1220:
12472:
11691:"Constitutional Amendments – Amendment 27 – "Financial Compensation for the Congress""
10271:"Campaign on Television People May Dislike Attack Ads, but the Messages Tend to Stick"
7896:
7438:
the biggest risk to the world's largest economy may be its own elected representatives
4661:
Since members of Congress must advertise heavily on television, this usually involves
3087:
In the late 20th century, the media became more important in Congress's work. Analyst
759:
473:
21579:
21474:
20972:
20215:
19371:
18723:
18221:
18140:
18125:
17603:
17579:
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17379:
17204:
17092:
14602:
14566:
14545:
14002:
13738:
13685:
13645:
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13317:
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12279:
12267:
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12223:
12207:
12186:
12180:
12101:
12080:
12036:
12016:
11993:
11753:
11405:
11371:
11247:
11054:
10903:
10308:
9377:
9350:
9300:
9289:
9153:
8954:
8834:
8797:
8509:
7756:
7728:
7673:"Here are the 4 congresswomen known as 'The Squad' targeted by Trump's racist tweets"
7336:
7299:
6928:
6862:
6496:
6484:
6385:
6348:
6266:
6150:
6142:
6075:
5932:
5640:
5578:
5536:
5496:
5344:
5187:
5018:
4489:
demonstrates the contrary and debate often continues despite the lack of a majority.
4218:
3822:
3497:
3484:
3311:
3195:
3134:. The session of Congress ended prematurely, and Congress representatives evacuated.
3007:
3002:
2894:
2871:
2733:
2665:
2650:
2406:
1550:
1420:
1380:
1335:
1235:
1137:
1032:
163:
16841:
12350:
11747:
10302:
9369:
8828:
8791:
8601:
7515:
Americans' faith in Congress lower than all major institutions – ever
7330:
6922:
6342:
5634:
5573:
Julian E. Zelizer; Joanne Barrie Freeman; Jack N. Rakove; Alan Taylor, eds. (2004).
5530:
4367:
Representatives introduce a bill while the House is in session by placing it in the
2901:
21607:
21122:
20131:
19978:
19684:
19504:
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17571:
17276:
14364:
13763:
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13432:
12257:
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11794:
11715:
10965:
10008:"Campaign Finance Groups Praise Rep. Welch for Cosponsoring Fair Elections Now Act"
8440:"U.S. Seeks Expanded Power to Seize Firms Goal Is to Limit Risk to Broader Economy"
8219:
Elizabeth B. Bazan and Jennifer K. Elsea, legislative attorneys (January 5, 2006).
6476:
5997:"U.S. Constitution: Article I (section 8 paragraph 3) – Article Text – Annotations"
5248:"Senate group eyes Social Security changes as Biden hits Republicans over benefits"
4774:
4434:
4287:
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3183:
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3155:
3088:
2950:
2844:
2799:
2775:
2755:
2617:
2414:
2314:
1142:
629:
20703:
10674:"Congress and the Public: Congressional Job Approval Ratings Trend (1974–present)"
8762:
8644:
4396:
sometimes turn to outside experts to learn about proper congressional procedures.
21729:
21386:
21310:
21072:
19840:
19616:
19514:
19286:
18586:
18519:
18288:
18209:
18155:
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17475:
17343:
17308:
17260:
17228:
17180:
17116:
17036:
17004:
16972:
14579:
13529:
13437:
11883:
11636:
11503:"This chart shows why members of Congress really should earn more than $ 172,000"
8729:"Impeachment: The Past; Johnson's Trial: 2 Bitter Months for a Still-Torn Nation"
8715:
8689:
8669:
8651:
7581:
7570:
7521:
7498:
7463:
7431:
7395:
7375:
6422:
6125:
6113:
5334:
5170:
4898:
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4645:
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4304:
4271:
4247:
4174:
4094:
3909:
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3789:
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2522:
2438:
2318:
1925:
1545:
1027:
1010:
1000:
943:
879:
806:
11978:
11000:
9108:
9018:
6044:
4922:
Some critics complain congressional pay is high compared with a median American
2543:
Congress is constantly changing and is constantly in flux. In recent times, the
2467:
20310:
20210:
19593:
18728:
18718:
18713:
18708:
18380:
18243:
18177:
17699:
17619:
17324:
17132:
17052:
16956:
16924:
14673:
13845:
13768:
13695:
11837:
11362:
Parlapiano, Alicia; Playford, Adam; Kelly, Kate; Uz, Ege (September 13, 2022).
10208:
5162:
5151:
4608:
4604:
4291:
4202:
4170:
4069:
3749:
3724:
3708:
3700:
3602:
3557:
3513:
3505:
3327:
3097:
3045:
From 1974 to 1984, PACs grew from 608 to 3,803 and donations leaped from $ 12.5
2472:
2337:
1844:
1771:
21254:
11864:
11307:
6480:
6464:"Blending Powers: Hamilton, FDR, and the Backlash That Shaped Modern Congress"
4000:
president of the Senate. In addition, the Senate elects an officer called the
2609:
are maintained by the Center for Legislative Archives, which is a part of the
21906:
21888:
21875:
21305:
21300:
21017:
20864:
19291:
18591:
18400:
18035:
17347:
17164:
17084:
13997:
13823:
13603:
13410:
12271:
11409:
11375:
10578:
9220:
6488:
5174:
4822:: Legislators who "burnish a reputation for policy expertise and leadership".
4806:
4542:
4363:
concern only the House or only the Senate and begin with "H.Res." or "S.Res."
4245:", one for each year; Congress has occasionally been called into an extra or
4140:
3914:
3769:
3720:
3716:
3537:
3493:
3307:
3271:
3236:
3206:
2998:
2919:
chairmen remained influential in both houses until the reforms of the 1970s.
2832:
2807:
2771:
2685:
2548:
2185:
2051:
926:
868:
846:
795:
764:
633:
407:
356:
310:
261:
12385:. University of Chicago Press: Chicago. (Equal representation in the Senate)
2905:
The 200th anniversary of Congress anniversary in 1989, which was honored by
20735:
19598:
19570:
18625:
17587:
17212:
17100:
14868:
14092:
13992:
13640:
13635:
11795:"Rules Of The Senate | U.S. Senate Committee on Rules & Administration"
10530:"Informed Opinions on Today's Topics – Looking for Answers to Voter Apathy"
9411:"Walter Oleszek: A Hill Staffer's Guide to Congressional History and Habit"
9252:
4786:
4210:
4057:
4041:
3918:
3757:
3753:
3501:
3468:
3404:
3229:
3221:
3135:
3103:
2979:
2298:
1022:
1005:
993:
857:
784:
333:
287:
181:
12134:. Congressional Research Service – The Library of Congress. Archived from
11987:
4603:
at a university. Another advantage for representatives is the practice of
4466:
committee that includes senators and representatives sometimes by using a
4450:
a bill which means to change part of it. Generally, discussion requires a
4064:; and multiple overseas offices. The Library had mostly law books when it
3378:, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the
2688:
body with equal representation among the states in which each state had a
21157:
20738:
19875:
19406:
18743:
18645:
18385:
18248:
18004:
17459:
17148:
13841:
13793:
13700:
13655:
12515:
12440:
was created from a revision of this article dated 4 August 2006
12262:
11432:"Stock ban proposed for Congress to stop insider trading among lawmakers"
9349:(32 ed.). Bethesda, MD: Columbia Books. November 2007. p. 949.
9253:"The Congressional Research Service and the American Legislative Process"
5052:
4748:
4636:
4600:
4556:
4486:
4409:
4073:
3826:
3761:
3606:
3597:, the federal district and national capital, and the U.S. territories of
3541:
3400:
3388:
3228:
became the first woman of color to reach the Senate in 1993. The second,
2987:
2966:
2556:
2377:
2290:
2211:
1015:
21724:
10382:
9528:"The U.S. Congress – Votes Database – Members of Congress / Robert Byrd"
4926:. Others have countered that congressional pay is consistent with other
2766:, the anti-federalist movement was exhausted. Some activists joined the
1920:
21717:
20997:
20746:
18738:
18544:
18370:
18365:
18283:
15670:
11870:
7128:
5279:"Sanders calls Sinema 'corporate Democrat' who 'sabotaged' legislation"
5143:
4930:. Another criticism is that members of Congress are insulated from the
4871:
4829:
4766:
4595:
4535:
3996:
3831:
3783:
The Senate has an important check on the executive power by confirming
3412:
3350:
3028:
2836:
2713:
2709:
2584:
2564:
2560:
2369:
2236:
12383:
Sizing Up the Senate: The Unequal Consequences of Equal Representation
9048:. U.S. Government Printing Office Access. May 25, 2010. Archived from
8662:
7574:
7369:
Unproductive Congress: How stalemates became the norm in Washington DC
3886:
committees. Further, Congress has ancillary organizations such as the
3436:
Congress can establish post offices and post roads, issue patents and
3279:, which authorizes it to tax citizens, spend money, and print currency
2778:
were forming about 1790–1791 to oppose policies of Treasury Secretary
21594:
20227:
20220:
14064:
13670:
11308:"Republic, Lost: How Money Corrupts Congress – and a Plan to Stop It"
10342:
Lobbying: influencing decision making with transparency and integrity
6265:(18th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage CQ Press. pp. 161–162.
4883:
4875:
4650:
4538:
for another. Congressional votes are recorded on an online database.
4325:
4313:
4129:
3744:
3451:
One of Congress's foremost non-legislative functions is the power to
3437:
2676:, referring to the new nation as the "United States of America". The
2595:
1978:
909:
21712:
15660:
11914:
10134:
9833:
7226:
4583:
3655:
3298:
78:
18410:
18360:
14639:
First Reading of the Emancipation Proclamation of President Lincoln
14057:
13508:
12006:
11979:
Bacon, Donald C.; Davidson, Roger H.; Keller, Morton, eds. (1995).
10380:
5216:
5034:
4985:
4970:
United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit
4615:
Senators and representatives enjoy free mailing privileges, called
4179:
3843:
3419:
described the American response as a "police action". According to
3382:, and to make rules for the military. Some critics charge that the
3175:
2958:
2580:
2506:
2381:
14897:
12371:(Legislative procedure, informal practices, and other information)
12027:(Legislative procedure, informal practices, and other information)
8868:"Clinton Presses Senate to Ratify Nuclear Arms Treaty with Russia"
7573:, Congressional Research Service; U.S. House of Representatives, "
7258:"Campaign Finance; Problems in the PAC's: Study Finds Frustration"
6993:
5109:
United States Congress Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction
3966:
Committees write legislation. While procedures, such as the House
3287:
Congress authorizes defense spending, such as the purchase of the
3178:
moved into electoral politics. Beginning in the 1970s, donors and
21192:
13578:
12351:
Smith, Steven S.; Roberts, Jason M.; Vander Wielen, Ryan (2007).
11748:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
10303:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
9370:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
9295:. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. p.
8829:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
8792:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
7331:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
6923:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
6343:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5635:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5531:
Steven S. Smith; Jason M. Roberts; Ryan J. Vander Wielen (2006).
5166:
5155:
5045:
5030:
5006:
4843:
United States House of Representatives § Salary and benefits
4770:
4377:
4046:
National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped
3982:
by monitoring the executive branch and investigating wrongdoing.
3851:
3842:
other branches. Committees may hold hearings, and, if necessary,
2607:
historical records of the House of Representatives and the Senate
2491:
14935:
12129:"Reelection rate of House Incumbents 1790–1990 Summary (page 2)"
10968:. Connecticut Judicial Branch: Law Libraries. January 10, 2010.
8468:
7129:
Walter Isaacson; Evan Thomas; other bureaus (October 25, 1982).
3674:
explained how Congress functions within the federal government:
3589:
Non-voting members of the United States House of Representatives
3569:, the enumerated power to regulate commerce, in rulings such as
2990:
and conducted televised hearings. In 1960, Democratic candidate
2471:
In 1868, this committee of representatives prosecuted President
21379:
16668:
14444:
14039:
11990:
Decision in Philadelphia: The Constitutional Convention of 1787
11430:
Vitali, Ali; Tsirkin, Julie; Talbot, Haley (February 8, 2022).
9834:"At What Cost? – Sen. John Warner and Congress's money culture"
9763:
9376:(Fourth ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 17–18.
9324:
6311:
5963:
5749:"References about weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation".
5026:
5010:
4482:
3727:. Congress restricted presidential power with laws such as the
12153:
12075:
Congressional Elections: Campaigning at Home and in Washington
11484:"US Lawmakers Resume Globe Trotting Paid by Special Interests"
9408:
9150:
Partners and Rivals: Representation in U.S. Senate Delegations
8251:
8190:"Bush claims executive privilege in Valerie Plame Wilson case"
7224:
5343:(3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 203.
5212:"Maine Independent Angus King To Caucus With Senate Democrats"
4785:
A major role for members of Congress is providing services to
4282:, normally given as an annual speech, is modeled on Britain's
4143:
as well as likely costs of legislation. It prepares an annual
2786:
or the Jeffersonian Republican Party and began the era of the
2460:
An overview of the United States legislative process from the
21735:
14618:
Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
6288:"Cleaning Up House: Reforms to Empower U.S. House Committees"
5752:
5742:
5147:
5089:
Elections in the United States § Congressional elections
5079:
Current members of the United States House of Representatives
3939:
video explaining the committees of the United States Congress
3448:
gives Congress the power to admit new states into the Union.
2646:
Scene at the Signing of the Constitution of the United States
2475:
in his impeachment trial, but the Senate did not convict him.
11338:"Family Ties Bind Federal Lawmakers to Lobbyists - CBS News"
9105:"Tying It All Together: Learn about the Legislative Process"
7982:. Teachingamericanhistory.org. June 29, 1950. Archived from
7690:
7614:
5994:
5709:"Information about the Archives of the United States Senate"
5190:, except when referring to a specific session of Congress.
4290:
but personally delivered as a spoken oration beginning with
4135:
It was created as an independent non-partisan agency by the
3821:, for example, mentioned and expounded upon the doctrine in
3636:
U.S. Congress in relation to the president and Supreme Court
3349:
in 1913 extended congressional power of taxation to include
2700:
which proposed a revised constitution with a two-chamber or
13690:
12466:
8437:
6830:"Why power in Congress is now so precarious | CNN Politics"
6260:
6210:
The "Spider Web": Congress and Lobbying in the Age of Grant
4628:
3598:
3326:
have granted Congress additional powers. Congress also has
2689:
2559:
changes recorded by the census and includes more women and
1834:
12389:
Some information in this article has been provided by the
12203:
How Congress Evolves: Social Bases of Institutional Change
11988:
Collier, Christopher & Collier, James Lincoln (1986).
11148:"Two Democrats in Senate race stress constituent services"
10805:
8252:
Linda P. Campbell & Glen Elsasser (October 20, 1991).
7564:
Delegates to the U.S. Congress: history and current status
7457:
NBC/WSJ poll: 60 percent say fire every member of Congress
7389:
NBC/WSJ poll: 60 percent say fire every member of Congress
6994:
Susan Tifft; Richard Homik; Hays Corey (August 20, 1984).
6312:
David B. Rivkin Jr. & Lee A. Casey (August 22, 2009).
5964:
David B. Rivkin Jr. & Lee A. Casey (August 22, 2009).
5887:
4635:
The Supreme Court has treated campaign contributions as a
3990:
At the start of each two-year session, the House elects a
2616:
Congress is directly responsible for the governing of the
2317:
U.S. Senators and U.S. Representatives are chosen through
13411:
Powers, privileges, procedure, committees, history, media
12483:
11361:
10692:
10492:
10132:
10121:
9978:"'08 Campaign costs nearing $ 2 Billion. Is it worth it?"
9856:
7702:
7626:
4481:
The Constitution specifies that a majority of members (a
3142:
that the United States Congress was forcefully occupied.
1839:
12478:
11655:
11560:"Half of Congress Members Are Millionaires, Report Says"
10381:
Alexander Hamilton or James Madison (February 8, 1788).
9499:
9107:. United States House of Representatives. Archived from
7854:
7509:
7507:
7225:
Michael Isikoff & Dina Fine Maron (March 21, 2009).
4709:... its place in the political process is not threatened
4137:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
3729:
Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974
3194:
created momentum for women candidates, resulting in the
2814:, empowered the courts by establishing the principle of
2716:
with two overlapping power centers so that each citizen
2437:
with members of the political parties. Members can also
7645:
Vogelstein, Rachel; Bro, Alexandra (November 9, 2018).
7030:"Campaign spending in congress races soars to new high"
4640:
heavy campaign contributors than to ordinary citizens.
2907:
United States Congress Bicentennial commemorative coins
646:
12347:. (History, representation, and legislative procedure)
10350:
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
9766:"Campaign spending up in U.S. congressional elections"
9592:
9283:
8920:"Decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott Case"
8469:
George F. Will – op-ed columnist (December 21, 2008).
7423:
Andy Sullivan of Reuters, NBC News, October 17, 2013,
6149:(5th ed.). New York: Wolters Kluwer. p. 37.
6119:
Thomas Jefferson to President Washington, May 23, 1792
4656:
4559:, and cannot be overridden by the adjourned Congress.
3854:. Most committee hearings are open to the public (the
3114:
In 2009, Congress authorized another delegate for the
2664:
was a gathering of representatives from twelve of the
21689:
16871:
12049:
12015:(10th ed.). Congressional Quarterly (CQ) Press.
11656:
Brody Mullins & T.W. Farnam (December 17, 2009).
11237:
11235:
11086:
Labunski, Richard; Schwartz, Dan (October 18, 2007).
10806:
interview by David Schimke (September–October 2008).
10470:"Confident Clinton Lends Hand to Congress Candidates"
10133:
Brooks Jackson & Justin Bank (February 5, 2009).
9870:"Gloves Come Off in Attack Ads by Harman, Kuykendall"
9363:
9245:
9166:
8894:"Constitutional Interpretation the Old Fashioned Way"
8720:
8683:
2016 Presidential primaries, caucuses and conventions
8438:
Binyamin Appelbaum & David Cho (March 24, 2009).
7861:"References about congressional war declaring power".
7746:
7744:
7504:
7289:
7287:
7285:
7283:
5922:
5920:
5679:"Post Politics Hour: Weekend Review and a Look Ahead"
5630:
5628:
5626:
5568:
5566:
5564:
4801:
One way to categorize lawmakers, according to former
4196:
2516:
Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution
14541:
List of artwork at the United States Capitol complex
12154:
Maier, Pauline (book reviewer) (November 18, 2007).
11981:
Encyclopedia of the United States Congress (4 vols.)
11590:"A Quiet Raise – Congressional Pay – special report"
11179:"Incumbents battle association with stimulus, Obama"
11021:
10750:"Bush, Congress at record low ratings: Reuters poll"
10725:"Congress' Approval Rating at Lowest Point for Year"
10671:
10409:"Congress' Approval Rating at Lowest Point for Year"
10298:
10296:
9764:
Barbara Borst, Associated Press (October 29, 2006).
8785:
7538:"White House: Republicans Will 'Do the Right Thing'"
6962:"Political Attack Ads Already Popping Up on the Web"
6918:
6916:
6914:
6912:
5624:
5622:
5620:
5618:
5616:
5614:
5612:
5610:
5608:
5606:
5484:
5482:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5474:
5472:
4989:
giving incumbents a big advantage over challengers.
4182:
for issues in which they are personally interested.
3850:, and those who testify falsely may be charged with
3123:
constitutional when Congress authorizes their House
2563:. While power balances among the different parts of
2321:, though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a
20733:
12298:
12007:Davidson, Roger H. & Walter J. Oleszek (2006).
11741:
11429:
10891:
10649:. Associated Press. January 9, 2008. Archived from
9099:
9097:
9095:
9093:
9091:
9089:
9087:
7324:
7063:
6857:Bruce J. Schulman (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5753:Pauline Maier (book reviewer) (November 18, 2007).
5526:
5524:
4755:
3593:Constitutional responsibility for the oversight of
3440:, fix standards of weights and measures, establish
21913:Legislative branch of the United States government
14087:
12352:
12313:
12246:"Women's Underrepresentation in the U.S. Congress"
12222:
12178:
12072:
12054:. The Oklahoma City Journal Record. Archived from
12008:
11957:
11863:
11232:
11026:. Widener University School of Law. Archived from
10900:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
10869:"Voter Turnout Rate Said to Be Highest Since 1968"
10839:"Politics In, Voter Apathy Out Amid Heavy Turnout"
10160:"Union helps non-profit groups pay for attack ads"
9653:
9651:
9147:
9085:
9083:
9081:
9079:
9077:
9075:
9073:
9071:
9069:
9067:
9040:
9038:
9036:
9009:
9007:
8567:
8542:
8536:
7980:"The President's News Conference of June 29, 1950"
7753:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
7741:
7296:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
7294:Michael Schudson (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
7280:
6859:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
6850:
6462:
6382:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
6373:
6072:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5929:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5917:
5795:
5575:"The American Congress: The Building of Democracy"
5561:
5051:Obstructing the work of Congress is a crime under
4274:after a presidential election and the president's
4173:and their members sometimes write legislation and
4149:An Analysis of the President's Budgetary Proposals
3683:... No one part of government dominates the other.
2978:. Democrats maintained control of Congress during
12199:
12070:
12052:"Waging campaigns against incumbents in Oklahoma"
11651:
11649:
11241:
10937:"Americans' Confidence in Institutions Stays Low"
10897:
10467:
10293:
10157:
9409:Partnership for Public Service (March 29, 2009).
8822:
8187:
7893:"Obama revelling in U.S. power unseen in decades"
6909:
6856:
6733:
6731:
5603:
5469:
5444:
5442:
5440:
5438:
5436:
5434:
5432:
5430:
5428:
5426:
5424:
5422:
4918:Salaries of members of the United States Congress
4441:..." Consideration of a bill requires, itself, a
4083:
1090:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court of Review
21904:
19439:Native American recognition in the United States
14660:George Washington and the Revolutionary War Door
14227:Emergency Planning, Preparedness, and Operations
12317:The American Congress: The Building of Democracy
12030:
11085:
11048:
10990:
9730:"Time Essay: Campaign Costs: Floor, Not Ceiling"
9559:"An amendment is needed to fix the primary mess"
9017:. GPO Access. September 28, 2005. Archived from
8599:
8245:
7486:
7484:
7455:Domenico Montanaro, NBC News, October 10, 2013,
7387:Domenico Montanaro, NBC News, October 10, 2013,
7293:
7255:
7097:
6380:David E. Kyvig (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
6336:
6228:
6107:James Madison to Thomas Jefferson, March 2, 1794
6070:Eric Patashnik (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5927:David E. Kyvig (2004). Julian E. Zelizer (ed.).
5521:
5448:
5420:
5418:
5416:
5414:
5412:
5410:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5402:
5305:"Sinema Trashes Dems: 'Old Dudes Eating Jell-O'"
5124:United States presidents and control of Congress
5104:Radio and Television Correspondents' Association
4862:Supreme Court of the United States § Ethics
2855:became extremely powerful under leaders such as
93:, potentially preventing the article from being
12220:
12182:Congressional Procedures and the Policy Process
11201:
11170:
11139:
10960:
10958:
10747:
10552:
10039:"Democrats Battle Over a Safe Seat in Congress"
9648:
9588:
9586:
9584:
9556:
9520:
9493:
9463:
9433:
9402:
9199:
9197:
9195:
9064:
9033:
9004:
8912:
8865:
8859:
8593:
8502:
8409:"Obama Undercuts Whistle-Blowers, Senator Says"
8313:
8150:
8125:
8119:
8004:
7823:
7786:
7784:
7532:
7530:
7196:"Beer PAC aims to put Congress under influence"
5676:
5577:. Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. xiii–xiv.
5488:
4847:United States Senate § Salary and benefits
4578:
3958:has considerable influence over House affairs.
3342:belief that balanced budgets were unnecessary.
3243:, which came with her role as the first female
14898:Articles related to the United States Congress
11736:
11646:
11088:"Time for a Second Constitutional Convention?"
10966:"Roger Sherman and The Connecticut Compromise"
10637:
10635:
10235:
10207:
9975:
9892:
9827:
9825:
9793:
9791:
9759:
9757:
9755:
9724:
9722:
9720:
8796:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 18–19.
8406:
8375:
8156:
8089:
8059:
7865:
7793:
7750:
7165:"PACs spent record $ 416M on federal election"
7158:
7156:
7093:
7091:
7023:
7021:
6989:
6987:
6769:"National Affairs: Judgments & Prophecies"
6728:
6379:
6069:
6047:. U.S. Constitution Online. October 10, 2009.
5926:
5327:
4938:Members elected since 1984 are covered by the
4109:
2725:. Furthermore, there were checks and balances
2620:, the current seat of the federal government.
2526:prestige or name recognition of presidents or
2441:at any time, although this is quite uncommon.
21365:
20719:
19836:Greenhouse gas emissions by the United States
18020:
16857:
16654:
15646:
14921:
12531:
11939:"The Constitution and the Idea of Compromise"
11176:
10984:
10836:
10799:
10772:
10577:
9682:
8645:Dependencies and Areas of Special Sovereignty
8493:
8316:"Alito Once Made Case For Presidential Power"
7944:
7942:
7940:
7890:
7644:
7481:
7059:
7057:
7055:
6959:
5871:. The Charters of Freedom. October 10, 2009.
5845:. The Library of Congress – American memory.
5840:
5778:"The Constitution and the Idea of Compromise"
5399:
5372:"Membership of the 116th Congress: A Profile"
5161:with the Democratic Party; independent Sens.
4627:In 1971, the cost of running for Congress in
4044:, but also includes several other sites: the
3037:limited campaign donations but did not limit
2957:and strong control by Democrats and historic
2480:Article One of the United States Constitution
2266:
1946:
21275:Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992)
12381:Lee, Frances and Bruce Oppenheimer. (1999).
12359:(5th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
12345:The U.S. Congress: A Very Short Introduction
11272:
11210:"Wolf's Decisive Win Surprised Even the GOP"
11145:
11042:
10955:
10902:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. xiv–xv.
10583:"Congress Must Now Make Own Painful Choices"
10376:
10374:
10268:
10128:"References about prevalence of attack ads".
9942:
9797:
9623:
9581:
9550:
9192:
8656:
8344:
7832:"Senate Passes Detainee Bill Sought by Bush"
7829:
7781:
7755:. Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. 671–2.
7724:American Epic: Reading the U.S. Constitution
7527:
7425:Washington: the biggest risk to U.S. economy
7193:
7066:"Cost of Congressional Campaigns Skyrockets"
6447:
6445:
5816:
5734:Thomas Paine (1982). Kramnick, Isaac (ed.).
5733:
5672:
5670:
5668:
3551:
3014:. Congress began reasserting its authority.
2611:National Archives and Records Administration
21380:National legislative bodies of the Americas
16670:Lists of acts of the United States Congress
14688:Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way
12243:
11630:Retirement Benefits for Members of Congress
11582:
11299:
11207:
11079:
11015:
10861:
10830:
10665:
10632:
10608:"As U.S. Economy Flows, Voter Vitriol Ebbs"
10527:
10505:"The Congress: Makings of the 72nd (Cont.)"
10461:
10439:"The Congress: Makings of the 72nd (Cont.)"
10431:
10401:
10262:
10182:
10091:
10061:
10036:
10030:
10000:
9969:
9917:
9822:
9788:
9752:
9717:
9617:
9221:"General Information – Library of Congress"
9123:
8979:
8973:
8726:
8431:
8400:
8369:
8338:
8307:
8282:
8276:
8212:
7708:
7696:
7632:
7620:
7249:
7218:
7187:
7162:
7153:
7122:
7088:
7018:
6984:
6169:
6147:Constitutional Law: Principles and Policies
6141:
6037:
5957:
5861:
5834:
5084:Current members of the United States Senate
4851:
4780:
4266:Joint session of the United States Congress
2986:exploited the fear of communism during the
389:435 representatives
23:
21372:
21358:
20726:
20712:
18034:
18027:
18013:
16864:
16850:
16661:
16647:
15653:
15639:
14928:
14914:
12545:
12538:
12524:
12471:
12376:How Congress Works and Why You Should Care
12050:Francis-Smith, Janice (October 22, 2008).
11752:. Cambridge University Press. p. 79.
10605:
10307:. Cambridge University Press. p. 21.
9657:
8833:. Cambridge University Press. p. 19.
8756:
8754:
8181:
8029:
7998:
7937:
7335:. Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
7052:
6953:
6927:. Cambridge University Press. p. 58.
6827:
6706:"Business & Finance: Turn of the Tide"
6580:
6578:
6347:. Cambridge University Press. p. 38.
6305:
5535:. Cambridge University Press. p. 23.
5492:How Congress works and why you should care
4903:2020 congressional insider trading scandal
4773:. Critics, such as constitutional scholar
4573:
2922:Important structural changes included the
2708:, was adopted with representatives chosen
2273:
2259:
1953:
1939:
162:
113:reliable, independent, third-party sources
59:Bicameral legislature of the United States
24:
19449:Federally recognized Alaska Native tribes
12261:
11335:
10371:
9945:"Democrats Chase Votes With a Safety Net"
9867:
9321:"Congressional Budget Office – About CBO"
9213:
8462:
7492:Approval of Congress Matches All-Time Low
6861:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 638.
6442:
5988:
5931:. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 362.
5665:
5276:
5114:United States Congressional Baseball Game
5021:in debate. This constitutionally derived
4972:ruled that the amendment does not affect
4897:Members of congress have been accused of
4309:List of United States federal legislation
4050:National Audio-Visual Conservation Center
3578:
3467:the other branches of government. In the
3170:for women candidates were rare until the
3001:program to fight poverty and hunger. The
2602:subsequent elections exceeds 90 percent.
2384:in their state for a six-year term, with
131:Learn how and when to remove this message
21918:1789 establishments in the United States
14874:United States Capitol cornerstone laying
12448:, and does not reflect subsequent edits.
12431:
12302:Chapter seven, Treatise on Twelve Lights
12093:
11750:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
11395:
11310:. Google, YouTube, The Huffington Post.
10705:"Congress' Approval Rating Jumps to 31%"
10699:"References about low approval ratings".
10672:Gallup Poll/Newsweek (October 8, 2009).
10305:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
10238:"Coming Soon: Personalized Campaign Ads"
10158:Fredreka Schouten (September 19, 2008).
9258:. Congressional Research Service. 2008.
8831:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
8794:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
8545:"Red State Anxiety and The Constitution"
8543:Stephen Herrington (February 25, 2010).
8159:"House committee subpoenas Rice on Iraq"
7670:
7381:
7333:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
6925:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
6739:"The Congress: Effort toward Efficiency"
6345:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
5727:
5637:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
5533:"The American Congress (Fourth Edition)"
4672:
4582:
4541:After passage by both houses, a bill is
4412:who belongs to the majority party and a
4324:
4312:
4298:
4241:A term of Congress is divided into two "
4232:Procedures of the United States Congress
4093:
4031:
3923:
3908:
3654:
3639:
3297:
3282:
3270:
2900:
2884:
2870:
2638:
2466:
2448:
107:by replacing them with more appropriate
32:This is an accepted version of this page
19500:List of counties and county equivalents
15663:United States congressional delegations
13641:Majority of the majority (Hastert Rule)
12601:
11244:"Congress on display, Congress at work"
11128:35 (September 3, 1977): 1855. English,
11114:The Congressman, His Work as He Sees It
11053:. Oxford University Press. p. 60.
10875:. Associated Press. December 15, 2008.
9593:Joseph A. Califano Jr. (May 27, 1988).
8874:from the original on September 14, 2010
8751:
8508:
7064:Jeffrey H. Birnbaum (October 3, 2004).
6575:
6515:
6285:
4286:, was written by most presidents after
3881:Structure of the United States Congress
3799:In 1803, the Supreme Court established
2802:'s election to the presidency marked a
2598:seek re-election, and their historical
2295:federal government of the United States
1085:Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court
1075:Multidistrict Litigation Judicial Panel
674:This article is part of a series on the
90:too closely associated with the subject
14:
21905:
16890:United States House of Representatives
13118:Caucuses of the United States Congress
11823:
11805:from the original on December 30, 2017
11685:
11683:
11557:
11501:Lee, Timothy B. (September 19, 2013).
11306:Lessig, Lawrence (November 16, 2011).
11305:
11278:
10934:
10748:John Whitesides (September 19, 2007).
10468:Jonathan Peterson (October 21, 1996).
9831:
9688:
9557:Larry J. Sabato (September 26, 2007).
9233:from the original on February 24, 2014
8948:
8760:
8097:"The proceedings of congress.; senate"
7367:Mark Murray, NBC News, June 30, 2013,
7256:Richard L. Berke (February 14, 1988).
7027:
6895:"The House: New Faces and New Strains"
6791:
6460:
6238:. Uspolitics.about.com. Archived from
6007:from the original on February 12, 2010
5333:
5069:Caucuses of the United States Congress
4622:
4036:Library of Congress Jefferson Building
4021:
3661:impeachment trial of President Clinton
3629:
3118:. These six members of Congress enjoy
3080:. In 1978, an additional delegate for
2934:decisions based on the Constitution's
2303:United States House of Representatives
21353:
21285:Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920)
20707:
18008:
17993:Lists of past U.S. state legislatures
16845:
16642:
15634:
14909:
14896:
14086:
13409:
12600:
12519:
12166:from the original on January 14, 2021
12114:from the original on January 14, 2021
11966:from the original on January 14, 2021
11945:from the original on January 14, 2021
11925:from the original on January 14, 2021
11890:from the original on January 14, 2021
11844:from the original on January 25, 2021
11766:from the original on January 14, 2021
11668:from the original on January 14, 2021
11618:
11600:from the original on January 14, 2021
11570:from the original on January 14, 2021
11539:from the original on January 14, 2021
11481:
11314:from the original on December 5, 2013
11287:from the original on January 20, 2013
11279:Lessig, Lawrence (February 8, 2010).
11260:from the original on January 14, 2021
11220:from the original on January 14, 2021
11189:from the original on January 14, 2021
11158:from the original on January 14, 2021
11126:Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report
11067:from the original on January 14, 2021
11022:Robert Justin Lipkin (January 2007).
10991:Cass R. Sunstein (October 26, 2006).
10972:from the original on January 17, 2010
10943:from the original on January 14, 2021
10916:from the original on October 19, 2017
10879:from the original on October 14, 2017
10849:from the original on October 14, 2017
10818:from the original on January 15, 2013
10785:from the original on January 14, 2021
10775:"Poll: Congress' job approval at 31%"
10760:from the original on January 14, 2021
10711:from the original on January 14, 2021
10618:from the original on January 14, 2021
10593:from the original on January 14, 2021
10565:from the original on October 10, 2017
10540:from the original on January 14, 2021
10480:from the original on January 14, 2021
10389:from the original on January 14, 2021
10321:from the original on January 14, 2021
10281:from the original on January 14, 2021
10248:from the original on January 14, 2021
10195:from the original on January 14, 2021
10170:from the original on January 14, 2021
10145:from the original on January 14, 2021
10109:from the original on January 14, 2021
10049:from the original on January 14, 2021
9988:from the original on January 14, 2021
9955:from the original on January 14, 2021
9930:from the original on January 14, 2021
9905:from the original on January 14, 2021
9880:from the original on January 14, 2021
9844:from the original on January 14, 2021
9810:from the original on January 14, 2021
9776:from the original on January 14, 2021
9670:from the original on January 14, 2021
9636:from the original on January 14, 2021
9605:from the original on January 14, 2021
9569:from the original on January 14, 2021
9508:from the original on January 14, 2021
9421:from the original on January 14, 2021
9390:from the original on January 14, 2021
9180:from the original on January 14, 2021
8992:from the original on January 14, 2021
8961:from the original on January 14, 2021
8930:from the original on January 14, 2021
8900:from the original on January 14, 2021
8847:from the original on January 14, 2021
8810:from the original on January 14, 2021
8773:from the original on January 14, 2021
8739:from the original on January 14, 2021
8602:"The Case for a Federalism Amendment"
8450:from the original on January 14, 2021
8419:from the original on January 14, 2021
8388:from the original on January 14, 2021
8326:from the original on January 14, 2021
8254:"Supreme Court Slugfests A Tradition"
8233:from the original on February 5, 2012
8169:from the original on January 14, 2021
8067:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7950:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7913:"The Law: The President's War Powers"
7878:from the original on January 14, 2021
7769:from the original on October 19, 2017
7647:"The 'Year of the Woman' goes global"
7540:. Voice of America. October 9, 2013.
7349:from the original on January 14, 2021
7312:from the original on October 19, 2017
7268:from the original on January 14, 2021
7237:from the original on January 14, 2021
7206:from the original on January 14, 2021
7175:from the original on January 14, 2021
7110:from the original on January 14, 2021
7076:from the original on January 14, 2021
7040:from the original on January 14, 2021
6972:from the original on January 14, 2021
6941:from the original on January 14, 2021
6875:from the original on October 19, 2017
6676:"Before the G.O.P. Lay a Forked Road"
6668:
6616:"The Vice Presidency: Undeclared War"
6503:from the original on November 4, 2021
6398:from the original on October 19, 2017
6361:from the original on January 14, 2021
6324:from the original on October 29, 2020
6286:Fromkin, Lauren (February 15, 2024).
6190:from the original on January 14, 2021
6088:from the original on October 19, 2017
6051:from the original on January 14, 2021
5995:Founding Fathers via FindLaw (1787).
5976:from the original on October 29, 2020
5945:from the original on October 19, 2017
5804:from the original on January 14, 2021
5784:from the original on January 14, 2021
5765:from the original on January 14, 2021
5689:from the original on January 14, 2021
5653:from the original on January 14, 2021
5591:from the original on October 19, 2017
5549:from the original on January 14, 2021
5509:from the original on January 14, 2021
5384:from the original on January 14, 2021
5277:Schonfeld, Zach (December 11, 2022).
5224:from the original on December 8, 2020
4562:
4391:guides legislation; in the Senate, a
3905:United States congressional committee
3018:became a big factor despite the 1971
2630:History of the United States Congress
2409:and first met in 1789, replacing the
2344:are held every even-numbered year on
1445:Elections in the District of Columbia
21742:
10553:Daniel Brumberg (October 30, 2008).
10511:. September 22, 1930. Archived from
10445:. September 22, 1930. Archived from
10236:Samantha Gross (September 7, 2007).
10069:"The Congress: An Idea on the March"
8949:Waxman, Matthew (November 4, 2018).
8761:Greene, Richard (January 19, 2005).
8295:from the original on August 31, 2010
7842:from the original on January 3, 2020
7720:
7593:
7227:"Congress – Follow the Bailout Cash"
7098:Richard E. Cohen (August 12, 1990).
6828:Brownstein, Ronald (June 20, 2023).
5875:from the original on October 9, 2016
5715:from the original on January 6, 2014
5315:from the original on October 8, 2023
5285:from the original on August 31, 2023
5258:from the original on August 31, 2023
5180:
4769:had seventy times the population of
4550:neither signing nor vetoing the bill
4403:. Most legislation is considered by
4331:U.S. Committee on Financial Services
4251:. A new session commences on January
3650:United States Supreme Court building
3442:Courts inferior to the Supreme Court
3262:Powers of the United States Congress
3145:
2696:Government powerlessness led to the
2392:Article One of the U.S. Constitution
1815:United States and the United Nations
1047:Inferior Courts of the United States
72:
12749:Expelled, censured, and reprimanded
12286:from the original on April 24, 2021
11680:
11526:
11500:
11455:
11336:Attkisson, Sharyl (June 25, 2010).
10773:Seung Min Kim (February 18, 2009).
10731:. September 2, 2009. Archived from
10680:from the original on August 7, 2013
10415:. September 2, 2009. Archived from
10359:from the original on April 11, 2019
9798:Dan Froomkin (September 15, 1997).
9689:Macedo, Stephen (August 11, 2008).
9441:"Blacks: Confronting the President"
8866:Charles Wolfson (August 11, 2010).
8600:Randy E. Barnett (April 23, 2009).
8524:from the original on April 30, 2011
8376:Dana D. Nelson (October 11, 2008).
8314:Christopher Lee (January 2, 2006).
8264:from the original on April 29, 2011
8188:James Gerstenzang (July 16, 2008).
7866:Dana D. Nelson (October 11, 2008).
7830:Kate Zernike (September 28, 2006).
7811:from the original on August 1, 2020
6901:. November 18, 1974. Archived from
6805:. November 17, 1958. Archived from
6775:. November 15, 1954. Archived from
6712:. November 16, 1942. Archived from
6682:. November 16, 1942. Archived from
6652:. November 11, 1940. Archived from
6592:. November 21, 1938. Archived from
6559:. November 16, 1936. Archived from
6553:"Political Notes: Democratic Drift"
6529:. November 14, 1932. Archived from
6426:. November 17, 1930. Archived from
5677:Perry Bacon Jr. (August 31, 2009).
5136:
5119:United States congressional hearing
5099:Oath of office § United States
4940:Federal Employees Retirement System
4657:Television and negative advertising
4016:
3780:indicated his removal from office.
3471:, critics including Representative
3245:Vice President of the United States
3070:Puerto Rico's resident commissioner
919:Vice President of the United States
56:
12418:
12336:
11324:(see 30:13 minutes into the video)
10837:Guy Gugliotta (November 3, 2004).
10075:. January 11, 1963. Archived from
9918:Dave Lesher (September 12, 1994).
9893:Shanto Iyengar (August 12, 2008).
9626:"GOP exits to cost party millions"
9477:. December 3, 1861. Archived from
9265:from the original on July 18, 2009
9046:"Congressional Reports: Main Page"
8378:"The 'unitary executive' question"
8226:. Congressional Research Service.
8126:David S. Broder (March 18, 2007).
8005:Michael Kinsley (March 15, 1993).
7868:"The 'unitary executive' question"
7602:from the original on April 7, 2021
7544:from the original on March 5, 2016
7466:. Retrieved October 10, 2013, "...
7434:. Retrieved October 18, 2013, "...
7398:. Retrieved October 10, 2013, "...
5869:"The Founding Fathers: New Jersey"
5449:John V. Sullivan (July 24, 2007).
5340:Garner's Dictionary of Legal Usage
4809:, is by their general motivation:
4534:by red). One member cannot cast a
4197:Partisanship versus bipartisanship
4147:with a mid-year update and writes
3943:
3455:and oversee the executive branch.
3374:Congress has an important role in
2653:presiding over the signing of the
2340:, commencing every other January.
983:Supreme Court of the United States
691:
57:
21939:
18845:Director of National Intelligence
16873:Legislatures of the United States
14632:Progress of Civilization Pediment
14486:Congressional Pictorial Directory
13339:By length of service historically
12501:Legislature of the United States
12399:
11398:"Not-So-Representative Investors"
11208:Amy Gardner (November 27, 2008).
11177:Daniel Malloy (August 22, 2010).
10643:"Congress gets $ 4,100 pay raise"
10555:"America's Re-emerging Democracy"
9943:Howard Kurtz (October 28, 1998).
9800:"Campaign Finance – Introduction"
9500:United States government (2010).
8896:. Center For Individual Freedom.
8672:webpage. Viewed January 26, 2013.
8612:from the original on July 2, 2015
8555:from the original on July 2, 2010
8407:Charlie Savage (March 16, 2009).
8157:Thomas Ferraro (April 25, 2007).
7594:Ward, Matthew (January 8, 2021).
7194:Thomas Frank (October 29, 2006).
7028:clymer, Adam (October 29, 1992).
6799:"The Congress: Ahead of the Wind"
6523:"The Congress: Democratic Senate"
6461:Farley, Bill (January 25, 2021).
5453:. U.S. House of Representatives.
4259:
4222:civility within the institution.
4153:Senate's Appropriations Committee
3560:deriving from the Constitution's
2655:Constitution of the United States
2336:Congress convenes for a two-year
713:Constitution of the United States
21853:
21836:
21819:
21802:
21785:
21768:
21751:
21723:
21711:
21699:
21578:
21545:Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
21329:National unicameral legislatures
20943:Democratic Republic of the Congo
19001:Government Accountability Office
14500:Official Congressional Directory
14119:Gov. Accountability Office (GAO)
12430:
11856:
11817:
11787:
11778:
11730:
11721:
11708:
11623:
11612:
11558:Lipton, Eric (January 9, 2014).
11551:
11520:
11494:
11475:
11449:
11423:
11389:
11355:
11329:
11146:Robert Preer (August 15, 2010).
11119:
11106:
10928:
10606:Janet Hook (December 22, 1997).
10333:
10269:Howard Kurtz (January 6, 2008).
9976:James Oliphant (April 9, 2008).
9895:"Election 2008: The Advertising"
9705:from the original on May 1, 2011
9339:
9313:
9277:
9141:
9132:
8951:"Remembering St. Clair's Defeat"
8942:
8886:
8695:
8675:
8637:
8624:
8581:from the original on May 1, 2011
8481:from the original on May 1, 2011
8138:from the original on May 1, 2011
8128:"Congress's Oversight Offensive"
7671:Sullivan, Kate (July 16, 2019).
6960:Nick Anderson (March 30, 2004).
6622:. March 20, 1939. Archived from
5849:from the original on May 4, 2015
5457:from the original on May 5, 2020
5094:List of United States Congresses
4756:Smaller states and bigger states
4401:Government Accountability Office
4280:constitutionally mandated report
4209:and fierce infighting, known as
4205:, and periods of deep political
3888:Government Accountability Office
3585:Territories of the United States
3330:derived from the Constitution's
2405:The Congress was created by the
2301:, composed of a lower body, the
1977:
1919:
1907:
1158:Elections by State and Territory
763:
758:
616:
472:
406:
88:may rely excessively on sources
77:
21316:List of legislatures by country
14309:Sergeant at Arms and Doorkeeper
13156:Arab and Middle Eastern members
13053:Bipartisan Legal Advisory Group
12588:Lists of United States Congress
12035:. Manchester University Press.
11482:House, Billy (March 18, 2023).
11396:Schwartz, John (July 9, 2011).
11281:"How to Get Our Democracy Back"
11242:William T. Blanco, ed. (2000).
11051:"Our Undemocratic Constitution"
10898:Julian E. Zelizer, ed. (2004).
9534:. June 17, 2010. Archived from
9447:. April 5, 1971. Archived from
9291:Economics: Principles in Action
9015:"Congressional Hearings: About"
8727:Susan Sachs (January 7, 1999).
8345:Dan Froomkin (March 10, 2009).
8103:. June 28, 1862. Archived from
8037:"Time Essay: Where's Congress?"
8007:"The Case for a Big Power Swap"
7972:
7727:. New York: Oxford. p. 9.
7714:
7664:
7638:
7587:
7556:
7449:
7417:
7361:
6887:
6821:
6761:
6698:
6638:
6608:
6545:
6454:
6410:
6279:
6254:
6215:
6202:
6163:
6135:
6100:
6063:
6028:
6019:
5901:. March 9, 1931. Archived from
5825:
5738:. Penguin Classics. p. 21.
5701:
4944:Civil Service Retirement System
4611:have proposed solutions to fix
3837:The congressional inquiry into
3665:Chief Justice William Rehnquist
3319:Article One of the Constitution
3198:and the election of members of
3188:confirmation of Clarence Thomas
3109:
2866:
2793:
2634:
2360:. It is also required that the
1820:United Nations Security Council
1723:District of Columbia Government
21242:Confederate States (1862–1865)
20644:Separation of church and state
18860:National Reconnaissance Office
18803:President of the United States
17986:List of U.S. state legislators
14411:Congressional Research Service
14158:Congr. Workplace Rights (OCWR)
13161:Asian Pacific American members
12097:Reelection Rates of Incumbents
11641:Congressional Research Service
11090:. Policy Today. Archived from
10183:Ruth Marcus (August 8, 2007).
10014:. May 19, 2009. Archived from
9868:Jean Merl (October 18, 2000).
9832:Thomas, Evan (April 4, 2008).
9736:. May 17, 1971. Archived from
9287:; Sheffrin, Steven M. (2003).
9208:Congressional Research Service
9152:. Princeton University Press.
8073:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
8043:. May 22, 1972. Archived from
7956:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
7919:. June 1, 1970. Archived from
6745:. May 21, 1965. Archived from
5639:. Cambridge University Press.
5377:Congressional Research Service
5364:
5297:
5270:
5240:
5204:
4668:
4100:Congressional Research Service
4090:Congressional Research Service
4084:Congressional Research Service
3956:House Ways and Means Committee
3860:Senate intelligence committees
3519:
3035:Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act
2402:an unlimited number of times.
936:United States Attorney General
902:President of the United States
62:For the current Congress, see
13:
1:
16623:Lists of former House members
14646:Surrender of General Burgoyne
14003:Old Brick Capitol (1815–1819)
13166:Asian Pacific American Caucus
12759:Lost re-election in a primary
12495:Congress of the Confederation
12479:U.S. House of Representatives
11906:
11527:Lui, Kevin (March 17, 2017).
10935:Norman, Jim (June 13, 2016).
10707:. Gallup. February 17, 2009.
10528:Maki Becker (June 17, 1994).
10383:"The Federalist Paper No. 52"
10185:"Attack Ads You'll Be Seeing"
9624:Brian Kalish (May 19, 2008).
8980:Frank Askin (July 21, 2007).
8283:Eric Cantor (July 30, 2009).
7891:Steve Holland (May 1, 2009).
7163:John Fritze (March 2, 2009).
6170:Van Alstyne, William (1969).
4992:
4836:
4796:
4225:
4165:Lobbying in the United States
3913:The second committee room at
3898:
3413:North Korean invasion of 1950
3359:is one of Congress's primary
3266:
3172:second-wave feminism movement
3020:Federal Election Campaign Act
2930:, ratified on April 8, 1913.
2926:of senators according to the
2876:
2682:Congress of the Confederation
2411:Congress of the Confederation
2247:Common good constitutionalism
1080:Alien Terrorist Removal Court
232:Congress of the Confederation
19006:Government Publishing Office
18474:Technological and industrial
14653:Surrender of Lord Cornwallis
14596:The Apotheosis of Washington
14330:Chief Administrative Officer
14168:Gov. Publishing Office (GPO)
12299:Struble, Robert Jr. (2007).
12225:The Congressional Experience
10499:"References about diffname".
10037:John Balzar (May 24, 2006).
9863:"References about diffname".
9695:Boston University Law Review
8982:"Congress's Power To Compel"
7895:. Reuters UK. Archived from
7298:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
6384:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
6074:. Houghton Mifflin Company.
5495:. Indiana University Press.
5197:
4957:officials in other nations.
4805:political science professor
4579:Citizens and representatives
4192:United States Capitol Police
3874:
2875:The United States Congress,
2804:peaceful transition of power
2354:single-member constituencies
1070:Court of International Trade
281:Senate president pro tempore
156:118th United States Congress
64:118th United States Congress
7:
20478:Women's reproductive health
19444:Federally recognized tribes
19307:Public utilities commission
19211:Public Health Service Corps
19114:Code of Federal Regulations
18996:Congressional Budget Office
18850:Central Intelligence Agency
18756:Water supply and sanitation
18183:Declaration of Independence
14818:Health and Fitness Facility
14610:Declaration of Independence
13379:Killed or wounded in office
13200:Congressional Jewish Caucus
13173:Hispanic and Latino members
12378:, Indiana University Press.
12343:Ritchie, Donald A. (2022).
12314:Zelizer, Julian E. (2004).
12206:. Oxford University Press.
12179:Oleszek, Walter J. (2004).
12094:Huckabee, David C. (2003).
11958:Alexander Hamilton (1788).
10676:. The Gallup Organization.
9148:Schiller, Wendy J. (2000).
8692:, viewed September 3, 2015.
5796:Alexander Hamilton (1788).
5062:
4738:Smith, Roberts & Wielen
4236:
4158:
4145:Economic and Budget Outlook
4122:Congressional Budget Office
4116:Congressional Budget Office
4110:Congressional Budget Office
3772:resigned from office after
3562:Necessary and Proper Clause
3332:Necessary and Proper Clause
3215:Voting Rights Act that year
3180:political action committees
3024:Political action committees
2997:Congress enacted Johnson's
2810:, 4th chief justice of the
2784:Democratic-Republican Party
2674:Declaration of Independence
2670:Second Continental Congress
2521:Scholar and representative
2444:
2350:Reapportionment Act of 1929
2141:Right to keep and bear arms
10:
21944:
21247:Czechoslovakia (1920–1939)
19656:Red states and blue states
19561:City commission government
19556:Council–manager government
14232:Interparliamentary Affairs
14153:Congr. Budget Office (CBO)
13789:Riddick's Senate Procedure
13216:Gender and sexual identity
12244:Sanbonmatsu, Kira (2020).
12200:Polsby, Nelson W. (2004).
12071:Herrnson, Paul S. (2004).
12033:The United States Congress
11838:10.4135/cqresrre1952042500
11246:. University of Michigan.
9658:Susan Page (May 9, 2006).
9347:Washington Representatives
8763:"Kings in the White House"
8668:November 11, 2017, at the
7584:", viewed January 9, 2015.
7580:November 11, 2017, at the
6996:"Taking an Ax to the PACs"
6112:November 14, 2017, at the
4997:Members of Congress enjoy
4979:
4974:cost-of-living adjustments
4915:
4866:McDonnell v. United States
4855:
4840:
4613:gerrymandering in the U.S.
4569:U.S. Congress and citizens
4566:
4522:. Members insert a voting
4302:
4263:
4229:
4189:
4162:
4113:
4087:
4072:forces in 1814 during the
4025:
3985:
3902:
3878:
3803:of federal legislation in
3687:The Constitution provides
3663:in 1999, presided over by
3633:
3582:
3306:, investigating President
3304:Senate Watergate Committee
3259:
3192:2016 presidential election
2839:(1877–1901) was marked by
2662:First Continental Congress
2627:
2623:
2490:while the House initiates
2376:every ten years using the
2151:Criminal procedural rights
662:United States Constitution
61:
21658:Saint Pierre and Miquelon
21587:
21576:
21385:
21324:
21293:
21280:FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003)
21229:
21211:
21171:
20863:
20745:
20665:
20491:
20364:
20296:
19949:
19945:
19936:
19884:
19749:
19740:
19636:
19607:
19584:
19523:
19490:
19481:
19424:
19412:Comparison of governments
19387:
19350:
19327:
19243:
19223:
19154:
19092:
19014:
18937:
18795:
18786:
18782:
18773:
18495:
18486:
18431:
18391:Post-Cold War (1991–2008)
18232:drafting and ratification
18205:Articles of Confederation
18118:
18052:
18043:
17980:
17792:
17710:
16906:
16879:
16793:
16767:
16676:
16618:
16582:
16532:
15669:
14944:
14903:
14861:
14838:Old Supreme Court Chamber
14803:
14753:
14718:
14707:
14551:Congressional Prayer Room
14531:
14468:
14399:
14317:
14266:
14259:
14214:
14188:
14181:
14104:
14100:
14082:
14032:
13998:Congress Hall (1790–1800)
13949:
13940:
13914:
13832:
13711:
13522:
13496:
13420:
13416:
13405:
13344:Current members by wealth
13331:
13279:
13263:
13215:
13126:
13108:
13101:
13075:
13028:
12944:
12937:
12777:
12769:Elected but did not serve
12719:
12656:
12620:
12613:
12609:
12596:
12553:
12506:
12499:
12491:
12031:English, Ross M. (2003).
11941:. PBS. October 10, 2009.
11727:English (2003), pp. 24–25
11635:October 14, 2022, at the
11049:Sanford Levinson (2006).
9323:. Cbo.gov. Archived from
9204:Committee Types and Roles
9129:English (2003), pp. 46–47
8714:October 14, 2007, at the
8688:January 14, 2021, at the
7801:"Congress and the Dollar"
7569:January 14, 2021, at the
7524:. Retrieved June 13, 2013
7520:January 14, 2021, at the
7501:. Retrieved June 13, 2013
7497:January 14, 2021, at the
7462:January 14, 2021, at the
7430:January 14, 2021, at the
7394:January 14, 2021, at the
7378:. Retrieved June 30, 2013
7374:January 14, 2021, at the
6481:10.1017/S089803062000024X
6469:Journal of Policy History
6418:"The Congress: 72nd Made"
6124:January 14, 2021, at the
6045:"The Convention Timeline"
5780:. PBS. October 10, 2009.
5186:Congress does not take a
4858:Revolving door (politics)
4185:
4048:in Washington, D.C.; the
3778:House Judiciary Committee
3552:Implicit, commerce clause
3324:Constitutional amendments
3255:
2942:reforms according to the
2768:Anti-Administration Party
2678:Articles of Confederation
2569:intermediary institutions
2555:House seats according to
2425:, and only rarely with a
2305:, and an upper body, the
1511:List of political parties
660:
655:
644:
639:
624:
615:
610:
594:
578:
562:
546:
541:
480:
471:
414:
405:
375:
370:
347:
324:
301:
278:
252:
247:
237:
227:
208:
203:
189:
175:
170:
161:
154:
147:
21668:Turks and Caicos Islands
21265:Soviet Union (1938–1991)
21198:Northern Mariana Islands
20431:Prescription drug prices
19551:Mayor–council government
19541:Coterminous municipality
19531:Consolidated city-county
19297:Agriculture commissioner
18947:House of Representatives
18855:National Security Agency
18505:Contiguous United States
17751:Northern Mariana Islands
16557:Northern Mariana Islands
14937:United States congresses
14131:Architect of the Capitol
13993:Federal Hall (1789–1790)
13134:African-American members
12558:House of Representatives
12504:March 4, 1789 – present
12391:Senate Historical Office
12374:Hamilton, Lee H. (2004)
12221:Price, David E. (2000).
12011:Congress and Its Members
11962:. FoundingFathers.info.
11826:"Congressional Immunity"
9504:. United States Senate.
6586:"The Congress: The 76th"
6263:Congress and Its Members
5895:"The Presidency: Vetoes"
5800:. FoundingFathers.info.
5489:Lee H. Hamilton (2004).
5129:
5005:in all cases except for
4962:Twenty-seventh Amendment
4852:Outside income and gifts
4781:Members and constituents
4632:for their re-election."
3961:
3615:Northern Mariana Islands
3510:American Bar Association
3459:is usually delegated to
3239:became the first female
3116:Northern Mariana Islands
2535:most representative body
2222:Political process theory
1914:United States portal
1426:Northern Mariana Islands
774:House of Representatives
634:United States of America
598:House of Representatives
566:House of Representatives
483:House of Representatives
198:House of Representatives
66:. For the building, see
39:latest accepted revision
20516:Criticism of government
19861:Social welfare programs
19454:State-recognized tribes
18439:Outline of U.S. history
18151:Continental Association
16628:List of former senators
14681:Washington at Princeton
14625:Apotheosis of Democracy
14045:Congressional Quarterly
13734:Executive communication
13724:Blue slip (U.S. Senate)
13681:Suspension of the rules
13207:Native American members
12633:By shortness of service
11983:. Simon & Schuster.
11662:The Wall Street Journal
11183:Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
8643:U.S. State Department,
8606:The Wall Street Journal
7751:Eric Patashnik (2004).
7513:Carrie Dann, NBC News,
7470:60 percent of Americans
7402:60 percent of Americans
7131:"Running with the PACs"
6314:"Illegal Health Reform"
5966:"Illegal Health Reform"
5822:English (2003), pp. 5–6
5451:"How Our Laws Are Made"
5042:Speech or Debate Clause
4999:parliamentary privilege
4953:The Wall Street Journal
4878:told Harvard professor
4803:University of Rochester
4574:Advantage of incumbency
4530:indicated by green and
4213:. The period after the
3774:impeachment proceedings
3477:warrantless wiretapping
3457:Congressional oversight
3250:
3241:President of the Senate
2924:direct popular election
2748:(1910s–1960s), and the
2668:. On July 4, 1776, the
2362:congressional districts
2217:Substantive due process
1643:Individualist anarchism
815:Congressional districts
342:since October 25, 2023
319:since January 20, 2021
255:President of the Senate
21923:Bicameral legislatures
21738:United States Congress
21618:British Virgin Islands
20775:Bosnia and Herzegovina
20578:Environmental movement
20421:Health insurance costs
20316:Educational attainment
19841:Federal Reserve System
19799:Science and technology
19302:Insurance commissioner
18840:Intelligence Community
18535:minor outlying islands
18298:Civil rights movement
16881:United States Congress
14848:Webster Page Residence
14823:House Recording Studio
14667:Revolutionary War Door
14428:Register of Copyrights
14009:Biographical Directory
13478:"Necessary and Proper"
13018:Policy Committee Chair
12996:Policy Committee Chair
12547:United States Congress
12426:
12406:Listen to this article
12305:. TeLL. Archived from
11865:"Contempt of Congress"
11784:Davidson (2006), p. 17
11134:congressional district
10213:"Ads, Ads Everywhere!"
10211:(September 20, 2006).
9471:"News from Washington"
8650:June 21, 2022, at the
8499:Davidson (2006), p. 19
8471:"Making Congress Moot"
8347:"Playing by the Rules"
7790:Davidson (2006), p. 18
7721:Epps, Garrett (2013).
6646:"Congress: New Houses"
6221:Elisabeth S. Clemens,
6208:Margaret S. Thompson,
5841:James Madison (1787).
5074:Congressional Archives
4928:branches of government
4911:
4762:Connecticut Compromise
4741:
4683:
4588:
4468:reconciliation process
4355:Concurrent Resolutions
4334:
4322:
4284:Speech from the Throne
4102:
4037:
3940:
3921:
3813:was envisioned by the
3760:in 2019 and 2021. The
3685:
3667:
3652:
3579:Territorial government
3315:
3295:
3280:
3152:women's domestic roles
3125:Committee of the Whole
2976:Conservative Coalition
2909:
2898:
2889:A historical graph of
2882:
2816:judicial review in law
2706:Connecticut Compromise
2657:
2541:
2528:Supreme Court justices
2476:
2464:
2287:United States Congress
2242:Strict constructionism
2146:Right to trial by jury
2136:Freedom of association
1780:Diplomatic missions of
1658:Political polarization
1128:Presidential elections
752:United States Congress
696:
365:since January 3, 2023
304:Senate Majority Leader
296:since January 3, 2023
149:United States Congress
21928:National legislatures
21889:38.88972°N 77.00889°W
21535:Saint Kitts and Nevis
21339:National upper houses
21334:National lower houses
21237:Venezuela (1811-1999)
20948:Republic of the Congo
20404:Immigrant health care
19919:Transportation safety
19914:Transportation policy
19904:Public transportation
18974:President pro tempore
18830:Executive departments
18599:National Park Service
18254:Territorial evolution
17794:Legislative elections
14173:Technology Assessment
13594:Dear Colleague letter
13589:Continuing resolution
13584:Concurrent resolution
13063:Republican Conference
13003:Republican Conference
12964:President pro tempore
12696:Born outside the U.S.
12425:
12355:The American Congress
11824:Brewer, F.M. (1952).
11030:on September 25, 2009
9373:The American Congress
9176:. U.S. Senate. 2010.
8631:Executive Order 13423
7490:Wall Street Journal,
6905:on December 22, 2008.
6451:English (2003), p. 14
6430:on September 30, 2008
6172:"A Critical Guide to
5220:. November 14, 2012.
4719:
4693:The Federalist Papers
4679:The Federalist Papers
4676:
4586:
4328:
4316:
4299:Bills and resolutions
4097:
4035:
4002:president pro tempore
3934:
3912:
3733:War Powers Resolution
3713:Franklin D. Roosevelt
3676:
3658:
3646:United States Capitol
3643:
3572:McCulloch v. Maryland
3407:, although President
3301:
3286:
3274:
3140:Burning of Washington
3132:attacked the building
2953:ushered in President
2928:Seventeenth Amendment
2904:
2888:
2874:
2818:in the landmark case
2806:between the parties.
2782:; it soon became the
2642:
2600:likelihood of winning
2532:
2470:
2459:
2311:United States Capitol
855:President Pro Tempore
695:
626:United States Capitol
350:House Majority Leader
68:United States Capitol
20573:Environmental issues
20238:Political ideologies
20137:Indigenous languages
19337:List of legislatures
19134:separation of powers
18835:Independent agencies
18761:World Heritage Sites
18396:September 11 attacks
18319:Spanish–American War
18259:Mexican–American War
18215:Confederation period
18146:Continental Congress
17721:District of Columbia
16897:United States Senate
16547:District of Columbia
14737:Mountains and Clouds
14493:Congressional Record
14350:Floor Services Chief
14237:Law Revision Counsel
13988:Continental Congress
13483:Power of enforcement
13446:Contempt of Congress
13349:From multiple states
13302:Mormon (LDS) members
13110:Congressional caucus
12754:Served a single term
12686:Expelled or censured
12628:By length of service
12457:More spoken articles
12320:. Houghton Mifflin.
12263:10.1162/daed_a_01772
11992:. Ballantine Books.
11921:. October 28, 1996.
11799:www.rules.senate.gov
11718:156 (D.C. Cir. 1994)
11094:on November 20, 2009
10735:on September 5, 2009
10419:on September 5, 2009
10105:. October 25, 1992.
9740:on December 21, 2008
9595:"PAC's Remain a Pox"
9538:on November 10, 2010
9451:on December 21, 2008
8512:(January 17, 1916).
7986:on December 26, 2010
7598:. The Conversation.
6749:on February 20, 2008
6563:on December 15, 2008
6034:English (2003), p. 8
6025:English (2003), p. 7
5831:Collier (1986), p. 5
5057:contempt of Congress
4826:Power in the chamber
4698:Public opinion polls
4663:negative advertising
4460:conference committee
4421:house. If a bill is
4219:political scientists
4062:Fort Meade, Maryland
4060:facility located in
3972:independent fiefdoms
3848:contempt of Congress
3534:Fifteenth Amendments
3397:Spanish–American War
3393:Mexican–American War
2861:Joseph Gurney Cannon
2853:Speaker of the House
2732:Political scientist
2723:separation of powers
2680:in 1781 created the
2618:District of Columbia
2497:The House initiates
2307:United States Senate
2191:Comprehensible rules
2161:Freedom from slavery
2121:Freedom of the press
2065:Government structure
2027:Separation of powers
1971:of the United States
1784:in the United States
1524:Political ideologies
1148:Presidential primary
327:Speaker of the House
21894:38.88972; -77.00889
21885: /
21555:Trinidad and Tobago
21395:Antigua and Barbuda
21255:Estonia (1938–1940)
21138:Trinidad and Tobago
20878:Antigua and Barbuda
20416:Health care finance
19909:Rail transportation
19675:Imperial presidency
19397:State constitutions
19342:List of legislators
19292:Auditor/Comptroller
19265:Lieutenant governor
18991:Library of Congress
18882:Diplomatic Security
18525:Indian reservations
18188:American Revolution
17783:U.S. Virgin Islands
16821:U.S. Forest Service
16610:Southwest Territory
16595:Northwest Territory
16567:U.S. Virgin Islands
14939:(and year convened)
14761:Building Commission
14242:Legislative Counsel
14163:Library of Congress
14124:Comptroller General
14114:Congressional staff
13799:Senatorial courtesy
13188:Hispanic Conference
12603:Members and leaders
12160:The Washington Post
11878:. January 1, 1957.
11594:The Washington Post
11507:The Washington Post
11456:Leonard, Kimberly.
11214:The Washington Post
10993:"It Could Be Worse"
10873:The Washington Post
10843:The Washington Post
10653:on January 14, 2021
10559:The Washington Post
10275:The Washington Post
10242:The Washington Post
10223:on January 14, 2021
10217:The Washington Post
10189:The Washington Post
10018:on January 22, 2010
9949:The Washington Post
9899:The Washington Post
9804:The Washington Post
9532:The Washington Post
9481:on October 10, 2017
9415:The Washington Post
9327:on December 5, 2010
9226:Library of Congress
8986:The Washington Post
8707:John Charles Thomas
8549:The Huffington Post
8475:The Washington Post
8444:The Washington Post
8357:on January 14, 2021
8351:The Washington Post
8320:The Washington Post
8289:The Washington Post
8132:The Washington Post
8107:on October 10, 2017
7575:The House Explained
7070:The Washington Post
7006:on October 29, 2010
6809:on January 31, 2011
6716:on October 14, 2010
6686:on October 14, 2010
6656:on October 14, 2010
6533:on October 27, 2010
6318:The Washington Post
6242:on November 1, 2012
5970:The Washington Post
5759:The Washington Post
5683:The Washington Post
5188:grammatical article
5015:breach of the peace
5003:freedom from arrest
4966:Boehner v. Anderson
4623:Expensive campaigns
4617:franking privileges
4405:standing committees
4382:appropriation bills
4028:Library of Congress
4022:Library of Congress
3937:Library of Congress
3892:Library of Congress
3689:checks and balances
3630:Checks and balances
3611:U.S. Virgin Islands
3369:appropriation bills
3347:Sixteenth Amendment
3226:Carol Moseley Braun
3074:U.S. Virgin Islands
3063:real estate brokers
2944:Twentieth Amendment
2744:(1830s–1900s), the
2740:(1780s–1820s), the
2462:Library of Congress
2327:U.S. vice president
2207:Living Constitution
2126:Freedom of assembly
2111:Freedom of religion
1926:Politics portal
1761:Department of State
1436:U.S. Virgin Islands
239:New session started
29:Page version status
21460:Dominican Republic
21260:Serbia (1901–1903)
20958:Dominican Republic
20526:affirmative action
20499:Capital punishment
20458:Poverty and health
20453:Physician shortage
20426:Health care prices
20356:Standard of living
20039:standard of living
19846:Financial position
19473:Hawaiian home land
19461:Indian reservation
19434:Tribal sovereignty
19277:Secretary of state
19146:United States Code
19062:Territorial courts
19034:Associate Justices
18919:Inspector generals
18406:War in Afghanistan
18269:Reconstruction era
18136:Stamp Act Congress
17712:Other legislatures
16908:State legislatures
14950:
14833:Old Senate Chamber
14699:VP Bust Collection
14523:United States Code
14455:Jefferson Building
14148:Cap. Guide Service
14015:Divided government
13932:Seal of the Senate
13896:Select and special
13861:Discharge petition
13814:Tie-breaking votes
13779:Recess appointment
13719:Advice and consent
13599:Discharge petition
13542:Appropriation bill
13451:Declaration of war
12643:Non-voting members
12427:
12309:on April 14, 2016.
12229:. Westview Press.
11564:The New York Times
11535:. Washington D.C.
11402:The New York Times
11368:The New York Times
11112:Charles L. Clapp,
10515:on August 27, 2013
10449:on August 27, 2013
9599:The New York Times
9475:The New York Times
9285:O'Sullivan, Arthur
8924:The New York Times
8733:The New York Times
8681:The Green Papers,
8577:. CBS News. 2010.
8518:The New York Times
8510:Kincaid, J. Leslie
8413:The New York Times
8285:"Obama's 32 Czars"
8101:The New York Times
8077:on August 22, 2013
8017:on August 13, 2013
7960:on August 22, 2013
7923:on August 22, 2013
7899:on January 3, 2011
7836:The New York Times
7262:The New York Times
7034:The New York Times
6596:on August 26, 2010
6174:Marbury v. Madison
6143:Chemerinsky, Erwin
5905:on August 12, 2013
5311:. March 23, 2023.
5142:Independent Sens.
4932:health care market
4820:Good public policy
4684:
4589:
4563:Public interaction
4361:Simple resolutions
4335:
4323:
4276:State of the Union
4103:
4054:Culpeper, Virginia
4038:
4010:for the time being
3968:discharge petition
3941:
3922:
3839:St. Clair's Defeat
3819:Alexander Hamilton
3806:Marbury v. Madison
3705:Theodore Roosevelt
3668:
3653:
3556:Congress also has
3489:signing statements
3409:Theodore Roosevelt
3356:power of the purse
3316:
3296:
3281:
3277:power of the purse
3160:widow's succession
3012:Board of Education
2955:Franklin Roosevelt
2910:
2899:
2883:
2821:Marbury v. Madison
2788:First Party System
2780:Alexander Hamilton
2698:Convention of 1787
2658:
2643:The 1940 portrait
2577:civic associations
2477:
2465:
2396:citizen of the U.S
2331:non-voting members
2309:. It meets in the
2227:Judicial restraint
2186:Right to candidacy
2073:Legislative branch
1969:Constitutional law
1768:Secretary of State
1138:Off-year elections
1120:National Elections
827:Non-voting members
705:Federal government
697:
397:non-voting members
382:535 voting members
212:March 4, 1789
35:
21687:
21686:
21681:
21680:
21673:US Virgin Islands
21347:
21346:
21270:Texas (1836–1845)
21175:other territories
20963:Equatorial Guinea
20701:
20700:
20661:
20660:
20657:
20656:
20627:National security
20336:Income inequality
20216:Statue of Liberty
20019:income inequality
19932:
19931:
19924:Trucking industry
19736:
19735:
19732:
19731:
19663:Foreign relations
19651:Electoral College
19632:
19631:
19420:
19419:
19372:District attorney
19219:
19218:
19046:Courts of appeals
18769:
18768:
18482:
18481:
18423:COVID-19 pandemic
18376:Feminist Movement
18222:American frontier
18141:Thirteen Colonies
18002:
18001:
16839:
16838:
16801:African-Americans
16636:
16635:
16600:Orleans Territory
15628:
15627:
15623:
15622:
14890:
14889:
14886:
14885:
14882:
14881:
14799:
14798:
14603:Statue of Freedom
14567:Statue of Freedom
14546:Brumidi Corridors
14518:Statutes at Large
14472:Publishing Office
14395:
14394:
14255:
14254:
14078:
14077:
14074:
14073:
14028:
14027:
13976:election disputes
13964:speaker elections
13927:Mace of the House
13774:Presiding Officer
13739:Executive session
13686:Unanimous consent
13646:Multiple referral
13631:Lame-duck session
13401:
13400:
13397:
13396:
13327:
13326:
13127:Ethnic and racial
13071:
13070:
13058:Democratic Caucus
12981:Democratic Caucus
12933:
12932:
12514:
12513:
12507:Succeeded by
12423:
12366:978-0-521-19704-5
12141:on April 29, 2011
11643:, August 8, 2019.
10612:Los Angeles Times
10587:Los Angeles Times
10534:Los Angeles Times
10474:Los Angeles Times
10103:Los Angeles Times
10043:Los Angeles Times
9982:Los Angeles Times
9924:Los Angeles Times
9874:Los Angeles Times
9356:978-1-880873-55-7
9111:on April 20, 2011
9052:on August 7, 2010
9021:on August 9, 2010
8926:. March 6, 1851.
8382:Los Angeles Times
8200:on August 1, 2008
8194:Los Angeles Times
7872:Los Angeles Times
7734:978-0-19-938971-1
7141:on April 29, 2011
7104:Los Angeles Times
6966:Los Angeles Times
6626:on April 29, 2011
6292:Bipartisan Policy
6156:978-1-4548-4947-6
5254:. March 3, 2023.
5019:freedom of speech
4901:, such as in the
4349:Joint resolutions
3932:
3823:Federalist No. 78
3794:filling a vacancy
3498:George H. W. Bush
3485:unitary executive
3365:regulate commerce
3314:from 1973 to 1974
3312:Watergate scandal
3291:Bon Homme Richard
3211:voter suppression
3196:Year of the Woman
3168:financial support
3156:inability to vote
3146:Women in Congress
3008:Bruce J. Schulman
3003:Watergate Scandal
2895:Senate filibuster
2734:Julian E. Zelizer
2714:federal structure
2666:Thirteen Colonies
2651:George Washington
2573:political parties
2457:
2415:two major parties
2407:U.S. Constitution
2283:
2282:
2131:Right to petition
2116:Freedom of speech
2103:Individual rights
2057:Tiers of scrutiny
2032:Individual rights
1963:
1962:
1802:Visa requirements
1754:Foreign relations
1653:Political culture
1593:Constitutionalism
1471:Political parties
1456:List of Elections
1143:Primary elections
1133:Midterm elections
1055:Courts of appeals
683:
668:
667:
141:
140:
133:
47:20 September 2024
26:
16:(Redirected from
21935:
21900:
21899:
21897:
21896:
21895:
21890:
21886:
21883:
21882:
21881:
21878:
21866:
21858:
21857:
21856:
21849:
21848:from Wikiversity
21841:
21840:
21839:
21832:
21824:
21823:
21822:
21815:
21807:
21806:
21805:
21798:
21790:
21789:
21788:
21781:
21773:
21772:
21771:
21764:
21756:
21755:
21754:
21744:
21728:
21727:
21716:
21715:
21704:
21703:
21702:
21695:
21653:Saint Barthélemy
21633:Falkland Islands
21582:
21387:Sovereign states
21374:
21367:
21360:
21351:
21350:
20728:
20721:
20714:
20705:
20704:
20681:
20674:
20561:African American
20443:Health insurance
20331:Household income
20201:National symbols
20132:American English
20105:Federal holidays
20014:household income
19947:
19946:
19943:
19942:
19747:
19746:
19685:Anti-Americanism
19609:Special district
19536:Independent city
19505:County executive
19488:
19487:
19282:Attorney general
19241:
19240:
19230:Federal District
18813:Executive Office
18793:
18792:
18784:
18783:
18780:
18779:
18540:populated places
18520:federal enclaves
18515:federal district
18493:
18492:
18356:American Century
18339:Great Depression
18334:Roaring Twenties
18294:Women's suffrage
18173:Halifax Resolves
18166:Founding Fathers
18161:military history
18126:Pre-colonial era
18050:
18049:
18029:
18022:
18015:
18006:
18005:
17995:
17988:
17973:
17966:
17959:
17952:
17945:
17938:
17931:
17924:
17917:
17910:
17903:
17896:
17889:
17882:
17875:
17868:
17861:
17854:
17847:
17840:
17833:
17826:
17819:
17812:
17805:
17785:
17778:
17762:
17746:
17739:
17723:
17703:
17687:
17671:
17655:
17639:
17623:
17607:
17591:
17575:
17559:
17543:
17527:
17511:
17495:
17479:
17463:
17447:
17431:
17415:
17399:
17383:
17367:
17351:
17335:
17328:
17312:
17296:
17280:
17264:
17248:
17232:
17216:
17200:
17184:
17168:
17152:
17136:
17120:
17104:
17088:
17072:
17056:
17040:
17024:
17008:
16992:
16976:
16960:
16944:
16928:
16899:
16892:
16866:
16859:
16852:
16843:
16842:
16663:
16656:
16649:
16640:
16639:
16590:Dakota Territory
15655:
15648:
15641:
15632:
15631:
14947:
14946:
14930:
14923:
14916:
14907:
14906:
14894:
14893:
14716:
14715:
14533:Capitol Building
14507:U.S. Gov. Manual
14460:Madison Building
14423:Copyright Office
14387:Sergeant at Arms
14345:Floor Operations
14264:
14263:
14186:
14185:
14102:
14101:
14084:
14083:
13947:
13946:
13764:Morning business
13651:House procedures
13614:Joint resolution
13418:
13417:
13407:
13406:
13287:Buddhist members
13106:
13105:
12942:
12941:
12764:Switched parties
12711:Switched parties
12648:Unseated members
12638:Youngest members
12618:
12617:
12611:
12610:
12598:
12597:
12540:
12533:
12526:
12517:
12516:
12492:Preceded by
12489:
12488:
12475:
12470:
12469:
12467:Official website
12447:
12445:
12434:
12433:
12424:
12414:
12412:
12407:
12370:
12358:
12331:
12310:
12295:
12293:
12291:
12265:
12240:
12228:
12217:
12196:
12175:
12173:
12171:
12150:
12148:
12146:
12140:
12133:
12123:
12121:
12119:
12090:
12078:
12067:
12065:
12063:
12046:
12026:
12014:
12003:
11984:
11975:
11973:
11971:
11954:
11952:
11950:
11934:
11932:
11930:
11900:
11899:
11897:
11895:
11867:
11860:
11854:
11853:
11851:
11849:
11821:
11815:
11814:
11812:
11810:
11791:
11785:
11782:
11776:
11775:
11773:
11771:
11745:
11739:
11738:
11734:
11728:
11725:
11719:
11712:
11706:
11705:
11703:
11701:
11687:
11678:
11677:
11675:
11673:
11653:
11644:
11627:
11621:
11620:
11616:
11610:
11609:
11607:
11605:
11586:
11580:
11579:
11577:
11575:
11555:
11549:
11548:
11546:
11544:
11524:
11518:
11517:
11515:
11513:
11498:
11492:
11491:
11479:
11473:
11472:
11470:
11468:
11462:Business Insider
11453:
11447:
11446:
11444:
11442:
11427:
11421:
11420:
11418:
11416:
11393:
11387:
11386:
11384:
11382:
11359:
11353:
11352:
11350:
11348:
11333:
11327:
11326:
11321:
11319:
11303:
11297:
11296:
11294:
11292:
11276:
11270:
11269:
11267:
11265:
11239:
11230:
11229:
11227:
11225:
11205:
11199:
11198:
11196:
11194:
11174:
11168:
11167:
11165:
11163:
11143:
11137:
11123:
11117:
11110:
11104:
11103:
11101:
11099:
11083:
11077:
11076:
11074:
11072:
11046:
11040:
11039:
11037:
11035:
11019:
11013:
11012:
11010:
11008:
11003:on July 30, 2010
10999:. Archived from
10997:The New Republic
10988:
10982:
10981:
10979:
10977:
10962:
10953:
10952:
10950:
10948:
10932:
10926:
10925:
10923:
10921:
10895:
10889:
10888:
10886:
10884:
10865:
10859:
10858:
10856:
10854:
10834:
10828:
10827:
10825:
10823:
10803:
10797:
10794:
10792:
10790:
10769:
10767:
10765:
10744:
10742:
10740:
10720:
10718:
10716:
10700:
10696:
10690:
10689:
10687:
10685:
10669:
10663:
10662:
10660:
10658:
10639:
10630:
10627:
10625:
10623:
10602:
10600:
10598:
10581:(July 8, 1986).
10574:
10572:
10570:
10549:
10547:
10545:
10524:
10522:
10520:
10500:
10496:
10490:
10489:
10487:
10485:
10465:
10459:
10458:
10456:
10454:
10435:
10429:
10428:
10426:
10424:
10405:
10399:
10398:
10396:
10394:
10378:
10369:
10368:
10366:
10364:
10358:
10347:
10337:
10331:
10330:
10328:
10326:
10300:
10291:
10290:
10288:
10286:
10266:
10260:
10257:
10255:
10253:
10232:
10230:
10228:
10219:. Archived from
10204:
10202:
10200:
10179:
10177:
10175:
10154:
10152:
10150:
10129:
10125:
10119:
10118:
10116:
10114:
10095:
10089:
10088:
10086:
10084:
10065:
10059:
10058:
10056:
10054:
10034:
10028:
10027:
10025:
10023:
10004:
9998:
9997:
9995:
9993:
9973:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9960:
9939:
9937:
9935:
9914:
9912:
9910:
9889:
9887:
9885:
9864:
9860:
9854:
9853:
9851:
9849:
9829:
9820:
9819:
9817:
9815:
9795:
9786:
9785:
9783:
9781:
9761:
9750:
9749:
9747:
9745:
9726:
9715:
9714:
9712:
9710:
9686:
9680:
9679:
9677:
9675:
9655:
9646:
9645:
9643:
9641:
9621:
9615:
9614:
9612:
9610:
9590:
9579:
9578:
9576:
9574:
9554:
9548:
9547:
9545:
9543:
9524:
9518:
9517:
9515:
9513:
9497:
9491:
9490:
9488:
9486:
9467:
9461:
9460:
9458:
9456:
9437:
9431:
9430:
9428:
9426:
9406:
9400:
9399:
9397:
9395:
9367:
9361:
9360:
9343:
9337:
9336:
9334:
9332:
9317:
9311:
9310:
9294:
9281:
9275:
9274:
9272:
9270:
9264:
9257:
9249:
9243:
9242:
9240:
9238:
9217:
9211:
9201:
9190:
9189:
9187:
9185:
9170:
9164:
9163:
9145:
9139:
9136:
9130:
9127:
9121:
9120:
9118:
9116:
9101:
9062:
9061:
9059:
9057:
9042:
9031:
9030:
9028:
9026:
9011:
9002:
9001:
8999:
8997:
8977:
8971:
8970:
8968:
8966:
8946:
8940:
8939:
8937:
8935:
8916:
8910:
8909:
8907:
8905:
8890:
8884:
8883:
8881:
8879:
8863:
8857:
8856:
8854:
8852:
8826:
8820:
8819:
8817:
8815:
8789:
8783:
8782:
8780:
8778:
8758:
8749:
8748:
8746:
8744:
8724:
8718:
8704:
8699:
8693:
8679:
8673:
8660:
8654:
8641:
8635:
8628:
8622:
8621:
8619:
8617:
8597:
8591:
8590:
8588:
8586:
8571:
8565:
8564:
8562:
8560:
8540:
8534:
8533:
8531:
8529:
8506:
8500:
8497:
8491:
8490:
8488:
8486:
8466:
8460:
8459:
8457:
8455:
8435:
8429:
8428:
8426:
8424:
8404:
8398:
8397:
8395:
8393:
8373:
8367:
8366:
8364:
8362:
8353:. Archived from
8342:
8336:
8335:
8333:
8331:
8311:
8305:
8304:
8302:
8300:
8280:
8274:
8273:
8271:
8269:
8249:
8243:
8242:
8240:
8238:
8232:
8225:
8216:
8210:
8209:
8207:
8205:
8196:. Archived from
8185:
8179:
8178:
8176:
8174:
8154:
8148:
8147:
8145:
8143:
8123:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8112:
8093:
8087:
8086:
8084:
8082:
8063:
8057:
8056:
8054:
8052:
8033:
8027:
8026:
8024:
8022:
8013:. Archived from
8002:
7996:
7995:
7993:
7991:
7976:
7970:
7969:
7967:
7965:
7946:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7928:
7908:
7906:
7904:
7887:
7885:
7883:
7862:
7858:
7852:
7851:
7849:
7847:
7827:
7821:
7820:
7818:
7816:
7807:. May 30, 2008.
7797:
7791:
7788:
7779:
7778:
7776:
7774:
7748:
7739:
7738:
7718:
7712:
7709:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7706:
7700:
7699:, p. 44-45.
7697:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7694:
7688:
7687:
7685:
7683:
7668:
7662:
7661:
7659:
7657:
7642:
7636:
7633:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7630:
7624:
7623:, p. 42-43.
7621:Sanbonmatsu 2020
7618:
7612:
7611:
7609:
7607:
7591:
7585:
7560:
7554:
7553:
7551:
7549:
7534:
7525:
7511:
7502:
7488:
7479:
7477:
7473:
7469:
7453:
7447:
7445:
7441:
7437:
7421:
7415:
7413:
7409:
7405:
7401:
7385:
7379:
7365:
7359:
7358:
7356:
7354:
7328:
7322:
7321:
7319:
7317:
7291:
7278:
7277:
7275:
7273:
7253:
7247:
7246:
7244:
7242:
7222:
7216:
7215:
7213:
7211:
7191:
7185:
7184:
7182:
7180:
7160:
7151:
7150:
7148:
7146:
7137:. Archived from
7126:
7120:
7119:
7117:
7115:
7095:
7086:
7085:
7083:
7081:
7061:
7050:
7049:
7047:
7045:
7025:
7016:
7015:
7013:
7011:
7002:. Archived from
6991:
6982:
6981:
6979:
6977:
6957:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6946:
6920:
6907:
6906:
6891:
6885:
6884:
6882:
6880:
6854:
6848:
6847:
6842:
6840:
6825:
6819:
6818:
6816:
6814:
6795:
6789:
6788:
6786:
6784:
6765:
6759:
6758:
6756:
6754:
6735:
6726:
6725:
6723:
6721:
6702:
6696:
6695:
6693:
6691:
6672:
6666:
6665:
6663:
6661:
6642:
6636:
6635:
6633:
6631:
6612:
6606:
6605:
6603:
6601:
6582:
6573:
6572:
6570:
6568:
6549:
6543:
6542:
6540:
6538:
6519:
6513:
6512:
6510:
6508:
6466:
6458:
6452:
6449:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6435:
6414:
6408:
6407:
6405:
6403:
6377:
6371:
6370:
6368:
6366:
6340:
6334:
6333:
6331:
6329:
6309:
6303:
6302:
6300:
6298:
6283:
6277:
6276:
6258:
6252:
6251:
6249:
6247:
6232:
6226:
6219:
6213:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6197:
6195:
6180:Duke Law Journal
6167:
6161:
6160:
6139:
6133:
6131:
6104:
6098:
6097:
6095:
6093:
6067:
6061:
6060:
6058:
6056:
6041:
6035:
6032:
6026:
6023:
6017:
6016:
6014:
6012:
5992:
5986:
5985:
5983:
5981:
5961:
5955:
5954:
5952:
5950:
5924:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5910:
5891:
5885:
5884:
5882:
5880:
5865:
5859:
5858:
5856:
5854:
5838:
5832:
5829:
5823:
5820:
5814:
5813:
5811:
5809:
5793:
5791:
5789:
5774:
5772:
5770:
5750:
5746:
5740:
5739:
5731:
5725:
5724:
5722:
5720:
5705:
5699:
5698:
5696:
5694:
5674:
5663:
5662:
5660:
5658:
5632:
5601:
5600:
5598:
5596:
5570:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5554:
5528:
5519:
5518:
5516:
5514:
5486:
5467:
5466:
5464:
5462:
5446:
5397:
5396:
5391:
5389:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5357:
5335:Garner, Bryan A.
5331:
5325:
5324:
5322:
5320:
5301:
5295:
5294:
5292:
5290:
5274:
5268:
5267:
5265:
5263:
5244:
5238:
5237:
5231:
5229:
5208:
5191:
5184:
5178:
5140:
5055:and is known as
4891:
4775:Sanford Levinson
4739:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4712:
4708:
4704:
4688:Founding Fathers
4553:
4549:
4500:roll-call voting
4440:
4435:enacting formula
4254:
4078:Thomas Jefferson
4017:Support services
3933:
3815:founding fathers
3811:unconstitutional
3682:
3595:Washington, D.C.
3546:equal protection
3481:power of removal
3432:
3384:executive branch
3376:national defense
3202:, respectively.
3120:floor privileges
3089:Michael Schudson
3052:
3049:million to $ 120
3048:
2988:Second Red Scare
2972:Democratic Party
2951:Great Depression
2881:
2878:
2845:Ulysses S. Grant
2800:Thomas Jefferson
2776:Thomas Jefferson
2760:anti-federalists
2752:(1970–present).
2750:contemporary era
2718:as an individual
2538:
2494:-raising bills.
2458:
2423:Republican Party
2419:Democratic Party
2401:
2315:Washington, D.C.
2275:
2268:
2261:
2171:Equal protection
2156:Right to privacy
2095:Local government
2090:State government
2078:Executive branch
1981:
1965:
1964:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1924:
1923:
1912:
1911:
1910:
1731:District Council
1714:Local government
1598:Environmentalism
962:Executive Office
957:Federal agencies
767:
762:
682:Politics of the
681:
670:
669:
651:
648:
630:Washington, D.C.
620:
605:November 5, 2024
589:November 5, 2024
573:November 8, 2022
557:November 8, 2022
535:
533:
520:
515:
502:
497:
485:political groups
476:
465:
460:
447:
442:
436:
431:
419:political groups
410:
272:January 20, 2021
228:Preceded by
223:
221:
216:
166:
145:
144:
136:
129:
125:
122:
116:
81:
73:
21:
21943:
21942:
21938:
21937:
21936:
21934:
21933:
21932:
21903:
21902:
21893:
21891:
21887:
21884:
21879:
21876:
21874:
21872:
21871:
21869:
21865:from Wikivoyage
21859:
21854:
21852:
21842:
21837:
21835:
21825:
21820:
21818:
21814:from Wikisource
21808:
21803:
21801:
21791:
21786:
21784:
21774:
21769:
21767:
21757:
21752:
21750:
21747:
21743:sister projects
21740:at Knowledge's
21734:
21722:
21710:
21700:
21698:
21690:
21688:
21683:
21682:
21677:
21592:
21583:
21574:
21381:
21378:
21348:
21343:
21320:
21311:Multicameralism
21289:
21225:
21207:
21174:
21167:
20859:
20741:
20732:
20702:
20697:
20684:
20677:
20670:
20653:
20639:Opioid epidemic
20556:Native American
20536:intersex rights
20487:
20483:Life expectancy
20473:Medical deserts
20463:Race and health
20360:
20346:Personal income
20292:
20196:National anthem
20029:personal income
19994:Economic issues
19928:
19880:
19728:
19628:
19617:School district
19603:
19586:Minor divisions
19580:
19519:
19477:
19416:
19402:Statutory codes
19383:
19346:
19323:
19233:
19228:
19215:
19150:
19107:civil liberties
19088:
19079:Other tribunals
19058:District courts
19010:
18969:current members
18952:current members
18933:
18867:Law enforcement
18765:
18478:
18427:
18418:Great Recession
18289:Progressive Era
18279:Native genocide
18210:Perpetual Union
18198:Treaty of Paris
18156:United Colonies
18114:
18039:
18033:
18003:
17998:
17991:
17984:
17976:
17969:
17962:
17955:
17948:
17941:
17934:
17927:
17920:
17913:
17906:
17899:
17892:
17885:
17878:
17871:
17864:
17857:
17850:
17843:
17836:
17829:
17822:
17815:
17808:
17801:
17788:
17781:
17765:
17749:
17742:
17726:
17719:
17706:
17690:
17674:
17658:
17642:
17626:
17610:
17594:
17578:
17562:
17546:
17530:
17514:
17498:
17482:
17466:
17450:
17434:
17418:
17402:
17386:
17370:
17354:
17338:
17331:
17315:
17299:
17283:
17267:
17251:
17235:
17219:
17203:
17187:
17171:
17155:
17139:
17123:
17107:
17091:
17075:
17059:
17043:
17027:
17011:
16995:
16979:
16963:
16947:
16931:
16915:
16902:
16895:
16888:
16875:
16870:
16840:
16835:
16789:
16763:
16672:
16667:
16637:
16632:
16614:
16578:
16528:
15665:
15659:
15629:
15624:
15619:
15563:
15507:
15451:
15395:
15339:
15283:
15227:
15171:
15118:
15062:
15006:
14940:
14934:
14899:
14891:
14878:
14857:
14805:
14795:
14749:
14710:
14703:
14580:Hall of Columns
14527:
14471:
14464:
14402:
14391:
14372:Parliamentarian
14313:
14304:Parliamentarian
14251:
14210:
14177:
14106:
14096:
14089:Capitol Complex
14070:
14024:
14020:Party divisions
13936:
13910:
13828:
13712:Senate-specific
13707:
13562:Closed sessions
13530:Act of Congress
13518:
13492:
13488:Taxing/spending
13412:
13393:
13384:Party switchers
13353:Died in office
13323:
13275:
13259:
13228:Equality Caucus
13211:
13183:Hispanic Caucus
13122:
13097:
13067:
13024:
12929:
12773:
12715:
12652:
12605:
12592:
12549:
12544:
12510:
12503:
12497:
12465:
12464:
12461:
12460:
12449:
12443:
12441:
12438:This audio file
12435:
12428:
12419:
12416:
12410:
12409:
12405:
12402:
12397:
12367:
12339:
12337:Further reading
12334:
12328:
12289:
12287:
12237:
12214:
12193:
12169:
12167:
12144:
12142:
12138:
12131:
12117:
12115:
12108:
12087:
12061:
12059:
12058:on May 10, 2010
12043:
12023:
12000:
11969:
11967:
11948:
11946:
11937:
11928:
11926:
11913:
11909:
11904:
11903:
11893:
11891:
11862:
11861:
11857:
11847:
11845:
11822:
11818:
11808:
11806:
11793:
11792:
11788:
11783:
11779:
11769:
11767:
11760:
11746:
11742:
11735:
11731:
11726:
11722:
11713:
11709:
11699:
11697:
11689:
11688:
11681:
11671:
11669:
11654:
11647:
11637:Wayback Machine
11628:
11624:
11617:
11613:
11603:
11601:
11588:
11587:
11583:
11573:
11571:
11556:
11552:
11542:
11540:
11525:
11521:
11511:
11509:
11499:
11495:
11480:
11476:
11466:
11464:
11454:
11450:
11440:
11438:
11428:
11424:
11414:
11412:
11394:
11390:
11380:
11378:
11360:
11356:
11346:
11344:
11342:www.cbsnews.com
11334:
11330:
11317:
11315:
11304:
11300:
11290:
11288:
11277:
11273:
11263:
11261:
11254:
11240:
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11206:
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11192:
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11175:
11171:
11161:
11159:
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11140:
11124:
11120:
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11107:
11097:
11095:
11084:
11080:
11070:
11068:
11061:
11047:
11043:
11033:
11031:
11020:
11016:
11006:
11004:
10989:
10985:
10975:
10973:
10964:
10963:
10956:
10946:
10944:
10933:
10929:
10919:
10917:
10910:
10896:
10892:
10882:
10880:
10867:
10866:
10862:
10852:
10850:
10835:
10831:
10821:
10819:
10804:
10800:
10788:
10786:
10763:
10761:
10738:
10736:
10723:
10714:
10712:
10703:
10698:
10697:
10693:
10683:
10681:
10670:
10666:
10656:
10654:
10641:
10640:
10633:
10621:
10619:
10596:
10594:
10568:
10566:
10543:
10541:
10518:
10516:
10503:
10498:
10497:
10493:
10483:
10481:
10466:
10462:
10452:
10450:
10437:
10436:
10432:
10422:
10420:
10407:
10406:
10402:
10392:
10390:
10379:
10372:
10362:
10360:
10356:
10345:
10339:
10338:
10334:
10324:
10322:
10315:
10301:
10294:
10284:
10282:
10267:
10263:
10251:
10249:
10226:
10224:
10198:
10196:
10173:
10171:
10148:
10146:
10127:
10126:
10122:
10112:
10110:
10097:
10096:
10092:
10082:
10080:
10067:
10066:
10062:
10052:
10050:
10035:
10031:
10021:
10019:
10006:
10005:
10001:
9991:
9989:
9974:
9970:
9958:
9956:
9933:
9931:
9908:
9906:
9883:
9881:
9862:
9861:
9857:
9847:
9845:
9830:
9823:
9813:
9811:
9796:
9789:
9779:
9777:
9762:
9753:
9743:
9741:
9728:
9727:
9718:
9708:
9706:
9687:
9683:
9673:
9671:
9656:
9649:
9639:
9637:
9622:
9618:
9608:
9606:
9591:
9582:
9572:
9570:
9555:
9551:
9541:
9539:
9526:
9525:
9521:
9511:
9509:
9498:
9494:
9484:
9482:
9469:
9468:
9464:
9454:
9452:
9439:
9438:
9434:
9424:
9422:
9407:
9403:
9393:
9391:
9384:
9368:
9364:
9357:
9345:
9344:
9340:
9330:
9328:
9319:
9318:
9314:
9307:
9282:
9278:
9268:
9266:
9262:
9255:
9251:
9250:
9246:
9236:
9234:
9219:
9218:
9214:
9210:, April 1, 2003
9202:
9193:
9183:
9181:
9172:
9171:
9167:
9160:
9146:
9142:
9137:
9133:
9128:
9124:
9114:
9112:
9103:
9102:
9065:
9055:
9053:
9044:
9043:
9034:
9024:
9022:
9013:
9012:
9005:
8995:
8993:
8978:
8974:
8964:
8962:
8947:
8943:
8933:
8931:
8918:
8917:
8913:
8903:
8901:
8892:
8891:
8887:
8877:
8875:
8864:
8860:
8850:
8848:
8841:
8827:
8823:
8813:
8811:
8804:
8790:
8786:
8776:
8774:
8759:
8752:
8742:
8740:
8725:
8721:
8716:Wayback Machine
8702:
8700:
8696:
8690:Wayback Machine
8680:
8676:
8670:Wayback Machine
8661:
8657:
8652:Wayback Machine
8642:
8638:
8629:
8625:
8615:
8613:
8598:
8594:
8584:
8582:
8573:
8572:
8568:
8558:
8556:
8541:
8537:
8527:
8525:
8507:
8503:
8498:
8494:
8484:
8482:
8467:
8463:
8453:
8451:
8436:
8432:
8422:
8420:
8405:
8401:
8391:
8389:
8374:
8370:
8360:
8358:
8343:
8339:
8329:
8327:
8312:
8308:
8298:
8296:
8281:
8277:
8267:
8265:
8258:Chicago Tribune
8250:
8246:
8236:
8234:
8230:
8223:
8217:
8213:
8203:
8201:
8186:
8182:
8172:
8170:
8155:
8151:
8141:
8139:
8124:
8120:
8110:
8108:
8095:
8094:
8090:
8080:
8078:
8065:
8064:
8060:
8050:
8048:
8047:on May 21, 2013
8035:
8034:
8030:
8020:
8018:
8003:
7999:
7989:
7987:
7978:
7977:
7973:
7963:
7961:
7948:
7947:
7938:
7926:
7924:
7911:
7902:
7900:
7881:
7879:
7860:
7859:
7855:
7845:
7843:
7828:
7824:
7814:
7812:
7799:
7798:
7794:
7789:
7782:
7772:
7770:
7763:
7749:
7742:
7735:
7719:
7715:
7707:
7703:
7695:
7691:
7681:
7679:
7669:
7665:
7655:
7653:
7643:
7639:
7631:
7627:
7619:
7615:
7605:
7603:
7592:
7588:
7582:Wayback Machine
7571:Wayback Machine
7562:Palmer, Betsy.
7561:
7557:
7547:
7545:
7536:
7535:
7528:
7522:Wayback Machine
7512:
7505:
7499:Wayback Machine
7489:
7482:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7464:Wayback Machine
7454:
7450:
7443:
7439:
7435:
7432:Wayback Machine
7422:
7418:
7411:
7407:
7403:
7399:
7396:Wayback Machine
7386:
7382:
7376:Wayback Machine
7366:
7362:
7352:
7350:
7343:
7329:
7325:
7315:
7313:
7306:
7292:
7281:
7271:
7269:
7254:
7250:
7240:
7238:
7223:
7219:
7209:
7207:
7192:
7188:
7178:
7176:
7161:
7154:
7144:
7142:
7127:
7123:
7113:
7111:
7096:
7089:
7079:
7077:
7062:
7053:
7043:
7041:
7026:
7019:
7009:
7007:
6992:
6985:
6975:
6973:
6958:
6954:
6944:
6942:
6935:
6921:
6910:
6893:
6892:
6888:
6878:
6876:
6869:
6855:
6851:
6838:
6836:
6826:
6822:
6812:
6810:
6797:
6796:
6792:
6782:
6780:
6767:
6766:
6762:
6752:
6750:
6737:
6736:
6729:
6719:
6717:
6704:
6703:
6699:
6689:
6687:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6659:
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6129:
6126:Wayback Machine
6117:
6114:Wayback Machine
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5711:. U.S. Senate.
5707:
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5227:
5225:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5200:
5195:
5194:
5185:
5181:
5171:Joe Manchin III
5141:
5137:
5132:
5065:
5027:law enforcement
4995:
4982:
4920:
4914:
4899:insider trading
4889:
4880:Lawrence Lessig
4870:Representative
4868:
4854:
4849:
4839:
4799:
4783:
4758:
4740:
4737:
4730:
4726:
4722:
4710:
4706:
4702:
4671:
4659:
4646:coattail effect
4625:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4565:
4551:
4547:
4438:
4389:Rules Committee
4319:Act of Congress
4311:
4305:Act of Congress
4301:
4272:electoral votes
4268:
4262:
4252:
4248:special session
4239:
4234:
4228:
4199:
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4188:
4167:
4161:
4128:which provides
4118:
4112:
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4030:
4024:
4019:
3988:
3964:
3946:
3944:Specializations
3924:
3907:
3901:
3883:
3877:
3801:judicial review
3790:Hillary Clinton
3697:The impeachment
3680:
3672:Lee H. Hamilton
3670:Representative
3638:
3632:
3591:
3583:Main articles:
3581:
3567:Commerce Clause
3554:
3522:
3473:Henry A. Waxman
3430:
3427:Michael Kinsley
3269:
3264:
3258:
3253:
3232:, won in 2013.
3148:
3112:
3093:Norman Ornstein
3050:
3046:
2992:John F. Kennedy
2984:Joseph McCarthy
2936:commerce clause
2879:
2869:
2849:Progressive Era
2796:
2637:
2632:
2626:
2581:interest groups
2536:
2523:Lee H. Hamilton
2449:
2447:
2399:
2386:terms staggered
2319:direct election
2279:
2085:Judicial branch
2011:Judicial review
1970:
1959:
1930:
1918:
1908:
1906:
1898:
1897:
1849:
1831:
1811:
1792:Nationality law
1788:
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1440:
1162:
1154:
1124:
1115:
1105:
1104:
1099:Other tribunals
1094:
1060:District courts
1042:
977:
967:
966:
948:
944:Merrick Garland
896:
886:
885:
880:Mitch McConnell
877:Minority Leader
866:Majority Leader
831:
807:Hakeem Jeffries
804:Minority Leader
793:Majority Leader
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243:January 3, 2023
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215:(235 years ago)
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21831:from Wikibooks
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21797:from Wikiquote
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20311:American Dream
20308:
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20278:Transportation
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20211:Mount Rushmore
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19831:Federal budget
19828:
19823:
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19806:
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19791:
19786:
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19769:Communications
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19690:exceptionalism
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19668:foreign policy
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19365:Chief justices
19360:Supreme courts
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19199:National Guard
19196:
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19109:
19102:Bill of Rights
19098:
19096:
19090:
19089:
19087:
19086:
19081:
19076:
19075:
19074:
19072:list of judges
19069:
19067:list of courts
19055:
19054:
19053:
19051:list of judges
19043:
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19031:
19020:
19018:
19012:
19011:
19009:
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19003:
18998:
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18986:Capitol Police
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18907:Secret Service
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18820:Vice President
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18604:National Parks
18596:
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18557:Extreme points
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18244:Federalist Era
18241:
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18237:Bill of Rights
18234:
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18178:Lee Resolution
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16342:South Carolina
16339:
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16332:
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16223:North Carolina
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14828:Senate chamber
14825:
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14813:Botanic Garden
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14766:office lottery
14763:
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14674:Columbus Doors
14670:
14663:
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14606:
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14592:
14590:Visitor Center
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14480:Public Printer
14476:
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14450:Adams Building
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13971:Senate history
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13846:ranking member
13838:
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13809:Standing Rules
13806:
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13784:Reconciliation
13781:
13776:
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13769:Nuclear option
13766:
13761:
13758:Senate Journal
13754:
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13696:Line-item veto
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13661:Reconciliation
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13552:Budget process
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13473:Naturalization
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13312:Quaker members
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13297:Jewish members
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13093:Gerrymandering
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12400:External links
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10352:(OECD). 2012.
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10209:Chris Cillizza
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10079:on May 1, 2011
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9519:
9502:"Recent Votes"
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9138:English, p. 46
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7448:
7416:
7410:... they would
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6779:on May 1, 2011
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5163:Kyrsten Sinema
5152:Bernie Sanders
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4609:Stephen Macedo
4605:gerrymandering
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4572:
4567:Main article:
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4414:ranking member
4393:Standing Rules
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4300:
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4264:Main article:
4261:
4260:Joint sessions
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4230:Main article:
4227:
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4203:bipartisanship
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4190:Main article:
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4126:federal agency
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3903:Main article:
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3750:Andrew Johnson
3725:George W. Bush
3709:Woodrow Wilson
3701:Andrew Johnson
3648:seen from the
3634:Main article:
3631:
3628:
3603:American Samoa
3580:
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3558:implied powers
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3514:George F. Will
3506:George W. Bush
3328:implied powers
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3260:Main article:
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3082:American Samoa
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2833:states' rights
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2764:Bill of Rights
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2628:Main article:
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2545:American South
2512:118th Congress
2473:Andrew Johnson
2446:
2443:
2439:switch parties
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1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1608:Libertarianism
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1583:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1561:Traditionalist
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1527:
1522:
1521:
1518:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1505:
1504:
1503:
1498:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1474:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1461:
1460:
1449:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:American Samoa
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1361:South Carolina
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1326:North Carolina
1323:
1318:
1313:
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1203:
1198:
1193:
1188:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1161:
1160:
1153:
1152:
1151:
1150:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1123:
1122:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1103:
1102:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1057:
1051:
1050:
1041:
1040:
1035:
1030:
1025:
1019:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1003:
997:
996:
987:
986:
978:
973:
972:
969:
968:
965:
964:
959:
954:
947:
946:
940:
939:
931:
930:
923:
922:
914:
913:
906:
905:
897:
892:
891:
888:
887:
884:
883:
873:
872:
862:
861:
851:
850:
840:
839:
830:
829:
823:
822:
811:
810:
800:
799:
789:
788:
778:
777:
756:
755:
747:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
728:
723:
717:
716:
708:
703:
702:
699:
698:
688:
687:
677:
676:
666:
665:
658:
657:
653:
652:
642:
641:
637:
636:
622:
621:
613:
612:
608:
607:
602:
595:
592:
591:
586:
579:
576:
575:
570:
563:
560:
559:
554:
547:
544:
543:
539:
538:
537:
536:
522:
521:
507:Minority (211)
504:
503:
490:Majority (220)
487:
481:
478:
477:
469:
468:
467:
466:
449:
448:
437:
421:
415:
412:
411:
403:
402:
400:
399:
393:
391:
390:
387:
383:
379:
377:
373:
372:
368:
367:
355:
353:
348:
345:
344:
332:
330:
325:
322:
321:
309:
307:
302:
299:
298:
286:
284:
279:
276:
275:
260:
258:
253:
250:
249:
245:
244:
241:
238:
235:
234:
229:
225:
224:
210:
206:
205:
201:
200:
191:
187:
186:
180:
179:
177:
173:
172:
168:
167:
159:
158:
152:
151:
148:
139:
138:
85:
83:
76:
58:
36:
30:
27:
25:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
21940:
21929:
21926:
21924:
21921:
21919:
21916:
21914:
21911:
21910:
21908:
21901:
21898:
21864:
21863:
21862:Travel guides
21851:
21847:
21846:
21834:
21830:
21829:
21817:
21813:
21812:
21800:
21796:
21795:
21783:
21780:from Wikinews
21779:
21778:
21766:
21762:
21761:
21749:
21748:
21745:
21739:
21731:
21726:
21721:
21719:
21714:
21709:
21707:
21706:United States
21697:
21696:
21693:
21674:
21671:
21669:
21666:
21664:
21661:
21659:
21656:
21654:
21651:
21649:
21646:
21644:
21641:
21639:
21636:
21634:
21631:
21629:
21626:
21624:
21621:
21619:
21616:
21614:
21611:
21609:
21606:
21604:
21601:
21600:
21598:
21596:
21590:
21586:
21581:
21571:
21568:
21566:
21563:
21561:
21560:United States
21558:
21556:
21553:
21551:
21548:
21546:
21543:
21541:
21538:
21536:
21533:
21531:
21528:
21526:
21523:
21521:
21518:
21516:
21513:
21511:
21508:
21506:
21503:
21501:
21498:
21496:
21493:
21491:
21488:
21486:
21483:
21481:
21478:
21476:
21473:
21471:
21468:
21466:
21463:
21461:
21458:
21456:
21453:
21451:
21448:
21446:
21443:
21441:
21438:
21436:
21433:
21431:
21428:
21426:
21423:
21421:
21418:
21416:
21413:
21411:
21408:
21406:
21403:
21401:
21398:
21396:
21393:
21392:
21390:
21388:
21384:
21375:
21370:
21368:
21363:
21361:
21356:
21355:
21352:
21340:
21337:
21335:
21332:
21330:
21327:
21326:
21323:
21317:
21314:
21312:
21309:
21307:
21306:Tricameralism
21304:
21302:
21301:Unicameralism
21299:
21298:
21296:
21292:
21286:
21283:
21281:
21278:
21276:
21273:
21271:
21268:
21266:
21263:
21261:
21258:
21256:
21253:
21251:
21248:
21245:
21243:
21240:
21238:
21235:
21234:
21232:
21228:
21222:
21219:
21218:
21216:
21214:
21213:Non-UN states
21210:
21204:
21201:
21199:
21196:
21194:
21191:
21189:
21186:
21184:
21181:
21180:
21178:
21176:
21173:Dependent and
21170:
21164:
21161:
21159:
21156:
21154:
21151:
21149:
21146:
21144:
21141:
21139:
21136:
21134:
21131:
21129:
21126:
21124:
21121:
21119:
21116:
21114:
21111:
21109:
21106:
21104:
21101:
21099:
21096:
21094:
21091:
21089:
21086:
21084:
21081:
21079:
21076:
21074:
21071:
21069:
21066:
21064:
21061:
21059:
21056:
21054:
21051:
21049:
21046:
21044:
21041:
21039:
21036:
21034:
21031:
21029:
21026:
21024:
21021:
21019:
21016:
21014:
21011:
21009:
21006:
21004:
21001:
20999:
20996:
20994:
20991:
20989:
20986:
20984:
20981:
20979:
20976:
20974:
20971:
20969:
20966:
20964:
20961:
20959:
20956:
20954:
20951:
20949:
20946:
20944:
20941:
20939:
20936:
20934:
20931:
20929:
20926:
20924:
20921:
20919:
20916:
20914:
20911:
20909:
20906:
20904:
20901:
20899:
20896:
20894:
20891:
20889:
20886:
20884:
20881:
20879:
20876:
20874:
20871:
20870:
20868:
20866:
20862:
20856:
20855:United States
20853:
20851:
20848:
20846:
20843:
20841:
20838:
20836:
20833:
20831:
20828:
20826:
20823:
20821:
20818:
20816:
20813:
20811:
20808:
20806:
20803:
20801:
20798:
20796:
20793:
20791:
20788:
20786:
20783:
20781:
20778:
20776:
20773:
20771:
20768:
20766:
20763:
20761:
20758:
20756:
20753:
20752:
20750:
20748:
20744:
20740:
20737:
20729:
20724:
20722:
20717:
20715:
20710:
20709:
20706:
20694:
20691:
20689:
20686:
20685:
20680:
20676:
20673:
20669:
20668:
20664:
20650:
20647:
20645:
20642:
20640:
20637:
20633:
20630:
20629:
20628:
20625:
20621:
20618:
20617:
20616:
20613:
20611:
20608:
20606:
20603:
20601:
20598:
20596:
20593:
20591:
20588:
20584:
20581:
20579:
20576:
20575:
20574:
20571:
20569:
20568:Energy policy
20566:
20562:
20559:
20557:
20554:
20552:
20549:
20547:
20544:
20542:
20539:
20537:
20534:
20532:
20529:
20527:
20524:
20523:
20522:
20519:
20517:
20514:
20510:
20509:incarceration
20507:
20506:
20505:
20502:
20500:
20497:
20496:
20494:
20490:
20484:
20481:
20479:
20476:
20474:
20471:
20469:
20466:
20464:
20461:
20459:
20456:
20454:
20451:
20449:
20446:
20444:
20441:
20439:
20436:
20432:
20429:
20427:
20424:
20422:
20419:
20418:
20417:
20414:
20410:
20407:
20405:
20402:
20400:
20397:
20395:
20394:Prenatal care
20392:
20390:
20389:Birth control
20387:
20385:
20382:
20381:
20380:
20377:
20375:
20372:
20371:
20369:
20367:
20363:
20357:
20354:
20352:
20349:
20347:
20344:
20342:
20339:
20337:
20334:
20332:
20329:
20327:
20326:Homeownership
20324:
20322:
20319:
20317:
20314:
20312:
20309:
20307:
20304:
20303:
20301:
20299:
20295:
20289:
20286:
20284:
20281:
20279:
20276:
20274:
20271:
20269:
20266:
20264:
20261:
20259:
20256:
20254:
20251:
20249:
20246:
20244:
20241:
20239:
20236:
20234:
20231:
20229:
20226:
20222:
20219:
20217:
20214:
20212:
20209:
20207:
20204:
20203:
20202:
20199:
20197:
20194:
20192:
20189:
20187:
20184:
20180:
20177:
20175:
20172:
20170:
20167:
20165:
20162:
20160:
20157:
20156:
20155:
20152:
20150:
20147:
20143:
20140:
20138:
20135:
20133:
20130:
20129:
20128:
20125:
20123:
20120:
20118:
20115:
20113:
20110:
20106:
20103:
20102:
20101:
20098:
20096:
20093:
20089:
20086:
20085:
20084:
20081:
20079:
20076:
20074:
20071:
20067:
20064:
20062:
20059:
20058:
20057:
20054:
20050:
20049:working class
20047:
20045:
20042:
20040:
20037:
20035:
20032:
20030:
20027:
20025:
20022:
20020:
20017:
20015:
20012:
20010:
20009:homeownership
20007:
20005:
20002:
20000:
19997:
19996:
19995:
19992:
19990:
19987:
19985:
19982:
19980:
19977:
19975:
19972:
19970:
19967:
19965:
19962:
19960:
19957:
19956:
19954:
19952:
19948:
19944:
19941:
19939:
19935:
19925:
19922:
19920:
19917:
19915:
19912:
19910:
19907:
19905:
19902:
19900:
19897:
19895:
19892:
19891:
19889:
19887:
19883:
19877:
19874:
19872:
19869:
19867:
19864:
19862:
19859:
19857:
19854:
19852:
19849:
19847:
19844:
19842:
19839:
19837:
19834:
19832:
19829:
19827:
19824:
19822:
19819:
19815:
19812:
19810:
19807:
19805:
19802:
19800:
19797:
19795:
19792:
19790:
19789:Manufacturing
19787:
19785:
19782:
19780:
19777:
19775:
19772:
19770:
19767:
19765:
19762:
19760:
19757:
19756:
19755:
19752:
19751:
19748:
19745:
19743:
19739:
19725:
19722:
19718:
19717:Third parties
19715:
19713:
19710:
19708:
19705:
19704:
19703:
19700:
19696:
19693:
19691:
19688:
19686:
19683:
19682:
19681:
19678:
19676:
19673:
19669:
19666:
19665:
19664:
19661:
19657:
19654:
19652:
19649:
19648:
19647:
19644:
19642:
19639:
19638:
19635:
19623:
19620:
19619:
19618:
19615:
19614:
19612:
19610:
19606:
19600:
19597:
19595:
19592:
19591:
19589:
19587:
19583:
19577:
19574:
19572:
19569:
19567:
19564:
19562:
19559:
19557:
19554:
19552:
19549:
19547:
19544:
19542:
19539:
19537:
19534:
19532:
19529:
19528:
19526:
19522:
19516:
19513:
19511:
19508:
19506:
19503:
19501:
19498:
19497:
19495:
19493:
19489:
19486:
19484:
19480:
19474:
19471:
19467:
19464:
19463:
19462:
19459:
19455:
19452:
19450:
19447:
19445:
19442:
19441:
19440:
19437:
19435:
19432:
19431:
19429:
19427:
19423:
19413:
19410:
19408:
19405:
19403:
19400:
19398:
19395:
19394:
19392:
19390:
19386:
19378:
19375:
19374:
19373:
19370:
19366:
19363:
19362:
19361:
19358:
19357:
19355:
19353:
19349:
19343:
19340:
19338:
19335:
19334:
19332:
19330:
19326:
19318:
19315:
19314:
19313:
19310:
19308:
19305:
19303:
19300:
19298:
19295:
19293:
19290:
19288:
19285:
19283:
19280:
19278:
19275:
19271:
19268:
19267:
19266:
19263:
19259:
19256:
19255:
19254:
19251:
19250:
19248:
19246:
19242:
19239:
19237:
19231:
19226:
19222:
19212:
19209:
19207:
19204:
19200:
19197:
19195:
19192:
19190:
19187:
19185:
19182:
19180:
19177:
19175:
19172:
19170:
19167:
19166:
19165:
19162:
19161:
19159:
19157:
19153:
19147:
19144:
19140:
19137:
19135:
19132:
19130:
19127:
19125:
19122:
19121:
19120:
19117:
19115:
19112:
19108:
19105:
19104:
19103:
19100:
19099:
19097:
19095:
19091:
19085:
19084:U.S. attorney
19082:
19080:
19077:
19073:
19070:
19068:
19065:
19064:
19063:
19059:
19056:
19052:
19049:
19048:
19047:
19044:
19040:
19037:
19035:
19032:
19030:
19029:Chief Justice
19027:
19026:
19025:
19024:Supreme Court
19022:
19021:
19019:
19017:
19013:
19007:
19004:
19002:
18999:
18997:
18994:
18992:
18989:
18987:
18984:
18980:
18977:
18975:
18972:
18970:
18967:
18966:
18965:
18962:
18958:
18955:
18953:
18950:
18949:
18948:
18945:
18944:
18942:
18940:
18936:
18930:
18929:Public policy
18927:
18925:
18924:Civil service
18922:
18920:
18917:
18913:
18910:
18908:
18905:
18903:
18900:
18898:
18895:
18893:
18890:
18888:
18885:
18883:
18880:
18878:
18875:
18873:
18870:
18869:
18868:
18865:
18861:
18858:
18856:
18853:
18851:
18848:
18846:
18843:
18842:
18841:
18838:
18836:
18833:
18831:
18828:
18826:
18823:
18821:
18818:
18814:
18811:
18809:
18806:
18805:
18804:
18801:
18800:
18798:
18794:
18791:
18789:
18785:
18781:
18778:
18776:
18772:
18762:
18759:
18757:
18754:
18752:
18749:
18745:
18742:
18740:
18737:
18735:
18732:
18730:
18727:
18725:
18722:
18720:
18717:
18715:
18712:
18710:
18707:
18706:
18705:
18701:
18697:
18694:
18692:
18689:
18687:
18684:
18682:
18679:
18677:
18674:
18672:
18669:
18667:
18664:
18662:
18659:
18657:
18654:
18652:
18649:
18647:
18644:
18642:
18639:
18637:
18634:
18632:
18629:
18627:
18624:
18622:
18619:
18617:
18614:
18613:
18612:
18609:
18605:
18602:
18601:
18600:
18597:
18593:
18592:Sierra Nevada
18590:
18588:
18585:
18583:
18580:
18578:
18575:
18573:
18570:
18569:
18568:
18565:
18563:
18560:
18558:
18555:
18553:
18550:
18546:
18543:
18541:
18538:
18536:
18533:
18531:
18530:insular zones
18528:
18526:
18523:
18521:
18518:
18516:
18513:
18511:
18508:
18506:
18503:
18502:
18501:
18498:
18497:
18494:
18491:
18489:
18485:
18475:
18472:
18470:
18467:
18465:
18462:
18460:
18457:
18455:
18452:
18450:
18447:
18445:
18442:
18440:
18437:
18436:
18434:
18430:
18424:
18421:
18419:
18416:
18412:
18409:
18407:
18404:
18403:
18402:
18401:War on Terror
18399:
18397:
18394:
18392:
18389:
18387:
18384:
18382:
18381:LGBT Movement
18379:
18377:
18374:
18372:
18369:
18367:
18364:
18362:
18359:
18357:
18354:
18350:
18347:
18346:
18345:
18342:
18340:
18337:
18335:
18332:
18330:
18327:
18325:
18322:
18320:
18317:
18313:
18310:
18308:
18305:
18303:
18300:
18299:
18297:
18295:
18292:
18290:
18287:
18285:
18282:
18280:
18277:
18275:
18272:
18270:
18267:
18265:
18262:
18260:
18257:
18255:
18252:
18250:
18247:
18245:
18242:
18238:
18235:
18233:
18230:
18229:
18228:
18225:
18223:
18220:
18216:
18213:
18211:
18208:
18207:
18206:
18203:
18199:
18196:
18194:
18191:
18190:
18189:
18186:
18184:
18181:
18179:
18176:
18174:
18171:
18167:
18164:
18162:
18159:
18157:
18154:
18152:
18149:
18147:
18144:
18142:
18139:
18137:
18134:
18133:
18132:
18129:
18127:
18124:
18123:
18121:
18117:
18111:
18108:
18106:
18103:
18101:
18098:
18096:
18093:
18091:
18088:
18086:
18083:
18081:
18078:
18076:
18073:
18071:
18068:
18066:
18063:
18061:
18058:
18057:
18055:
18051:
18048:
18046:
18042:
18037:
18036:United States
18030:
18025:
18023:
18018:
18016:
18011:
18010:
18007:
17994:
17990:
17987:
17983:
17982:
17979:
17972:
17968:
17965:
17961:
17958:
17954:
17951:
17947:
17944:
17940:
17937:
17933:
17930:
17926:
17923:
17919:
17916:
17912:
17909:
17905:
17902:
17898:
17895:
17891:
17888:
17884:
17881:
17877:
17874:
17870:
17867:
17863:
17860:
17856:
17853:
17849:
17846:
17842:
17839:
17835:
17832:
17828:
17825:
17821:
17818:
17814:
17811:
17807:
17804:
17800:
17799:
17797:
17795:
17791:
17784:
17780:
17776:
17772:
17768:
17764:
17760:
17756:
17752:
17748:
17745:
17741:
17737:
17733:
17729:
17725:
17722:
17718:
17717:
17715:
17713:
17709:
17701:
17697:
17693:
17689:
17685:
17681:
17677:
17673:
17669:
17665:
17661:
17660:West Virginia
17657:
17653:
17649:
17645:
17641:
17637:
17633:
17629:
17625:
17621:
17617:
17613:
17609:
17605:
17601:
17597:
17593:
17589:
17585:
17581:
17577:
17573:
17569:
17565:
17561:
17557:
17553:
17549:
17545:
17541:
17537:
17533:
17529:
17525:
17521:
17517:
17513:
17509:
17505:
17501:
17497:
17493:
17489:
17485:
17481:
17477:
17473:
17469:
17465:
17461:
17457:
17453:
17449:
17445:
17441:
17437:
17433:
17429:
17425:
17421:
17417:
17413:
17409:
17405:
17401:
17397:
17393:
17389:
17385:
17381:
17377:
17373:
17369:
17365:
17361:
17357:
17356:New Hampshire
17353:
17349:
17345:
17341:
17337:
17334:
17330:
17326:
17322:
17318:
17314:
17310:
17306:
17302:
17298:
17294:
17290:
17286:
17282:
17278:
17274:
17270:
17266:
17262:
17258:
17254:
17250:
17246:
17242:
17238:
17237:Massachusetts
17234:
17230:
17226:
17222:
17218:
17214:
17210:
17206:
17202:
17198:
17194:
17190:
17186:
17182:
17178:
17174:
17170:
17166:
17162:
17158:
17154:
17150:
17146:
17142:
17138:
17134:
17130:
17126:
17122:
17118:
17114:
17110:
17106:
17102:
17098:
17094:
17090:
17086:
17082:
17078:
17074:
17070:
17066:
17062:
17058:
17054:
17050:
17046:
17042:
17038:
17034:
17030:
17026:
17022:
17018:
17014:
17010:
17006:
17002:
16998:
16994:
16990:
16986:
16982:
16978:
16974:
16970:
16966:
16962:
16958:
16954:
16950:
16946:
16942:
16938:
16934:
16930:
16926:
16922:
16918:
16914:
16913:
16911:
16909:
16905:
16898:
16894:
16891:
16887:
16886:
16884:
16882:
16878:
16874:
16867:
16862:
16860:
16855:
16853:
16848:
16847:
16844:
16832:
16829:
16827:
16824:
16822:
16819:
16817:
16814:
16812:
16809:
16807:
16804:
16802:
16799:
16798:
16796:
16792:
16786:
16783:
16781:
16778:
16776:
16773:
16772:
16770:
16766:
16760:
16757:
16755:
16752:
16750:
16747:
16745:
16742:
16740:
16737:
16735:
16732:
16730:
16727:
16725:
16722:
16720:
16717:
16715:
16712:
16710:
16707:
16705:
16702:
16700:
16697:
16695:
16692:
16690:
16687:
16685:
16682:
16681:
16679:
16675:
16671:
16664:
16659:
16657:
16652:
16650:
16645:
16644:
16641:
16629:
16626:
16624:
16621:
16620:
16617:
16611:
16608:
16606:
16603:
16601:
16598:
16596:
16593:
16591:
16588:
16587:
16585:
16581:
16574:
16570:
16568:
16565:
16563:
16560:
16558:
16555:
16553:
16550:
16548:
16545:
16543:
16540:
16539:
16537:
16535:
16531:
16523:
16520:
16518:
16515:
16514:
16513:
16510:
16506:
16503:
16501:
16498:
16497:
16496:
16493:
16489:
16486:
16484:
16481:
16480:
16479:
16478:West Virginia
16476:
16472:
16469:
16467:
16464:
16463:
16462:
16459:
16455:
16452:
16450:
16447:
16446:
16445:
16442:
16438:
16435:
16433:
16430:
16429:
16428:
16425:
16421:
16418:
16416:
16413:
16412:
16411:
16408:
16404:
16401:
16399:
16396:
16395:
16394:
16391:
16387:
16384:
16382:
16379:
16378:
16377:
16374:
16370:
16367:
16365:
16362:
16361:
16360:
16357:
16353:
16350:
16348:
16345:
16344:
16343:
16340:
16336:
16333:
16331:
16328:
16327:
16326:
16323:
16319:
16316:
16314:
16311:
16310:
16309:
16306:
16302:
16299:
16297:
16294:
16293:
16292:
16289:
16285:
16282:
16280:
16277:
16276:
16275:
16272:
16268:
16265:
16263:
16260:
16259:
16258:
16255:
16251:
16248:
16246:
16243:
16242:
16241:
16238:
16234:
16231:
16229:
16226:
16225:
16224:
16221:
16217:
16214:
16212:
16209:
16208:
16207:
16204:
16200:
16197:
16195:
16192:
16191:
16190:
16187:
16183:
16180:
16178:
16175:
16174:
16173:
16170:
16166:
16163:
16161:
16158:
16157:
16156:
16155:New Hampshire
16153:
16149:
16146:
16144:
16141:
16140:
16139:
16136:
16132:
16129:
16127:
16124:
16123:
16122:
16119:
16115:
16112:
16110:
16107:
16106:
16105:
16102:
16098:
16095:
16093:
16090:
16089:
16088:
16085:
16081:
16078:
16076:
16073:
16072:
16071:
16068:
16064:
16061:
16059:
16056:
16055:
16054:
16051:
16047:
16044:
16042:
16039:
16038:
16037:
16034:
16030:
16027:
16025:
16022:
16021:
16020:
16019:Massachusetts
16017:
16013:
16010:
16008:
16005:
16004:
16003:
16000:
15996:
15993:
15991:
15988:
15987:
15986:
15983:
15979:
15976:
15974:
15971:
15970:
15969:
15966:
15962:
15959:
15957:
15954:
15953:
15952:
15949:
15945:
15942:
15940:
15937:
15936:
15935:
15932:
15928:
15925:
15923:
15920:
15919:
15918:
15915:
15911:
15908:
15906:
15903:
15902:
15901:
15898:
15894:
15891:
15889:
15886:
15885:
15884:
15881:
15877:
15874:
15872:
15869:
15868:
15867:
15864:
15860:
15857:
15855:
15852:
15851:
15850:
15847:
15843:
15840:
15838:
15835:
15834:
15833:
15830:
15826:
15823:
15821:
15818:
15817:
15816:
15813:
15809:
15806:
15804:
15801:
15800:
15799:
15796:
15792:
15789:
15787:
15784:
15783:
15782:
15779:
15775:
15772:
15770:
15767:
15766:
15765:
15762:
15758:
15755:
15753:
15750:
15749:
15748:
15745:
15741:
15738:
15736:
15733:
15732:
15731:
15728:
15724:
15721:
15719:
15716:
15715:
15714:
15711:
15707:
15704:
15702:
15699:
15698:
15697:
15694:
15690:
15687:
15685:
15682:
15681:
15680:
15677:
15676:
15674:
15672:
15668:
15664:
15656:
15651:
15649:
15644:
15642:
15637:
15636:
15633:
15616:
15613:
15611:
15608:
15606:
15603:
15601:
15598:
15596:
15593:
15591:
15588:
15586:
15583:
15581:
15578:
15576:
15573:
15571:
15568:
15567:
15565:
15560:
15557:
15555:
15552:
15550:
15547:
15545:
15542:
15540:
15537:
15535:
15532:
15530:
15527:
15525:
15522:
15520:
15517:
15515:
15512:
15511:
15509:
15504:
15501:
15499:
15496:
15494:
15491:
15489:
15486:
15484:
15481:
15479:
15476:
15474:
15471:
15469:
15466:
15464:
15461:
15459:
15456:
15455:
15453:
15448:
15445:
15443:
15440:
15438:
15435:
15433:
15430:
15428:
15425:
15423:
15420:
15418:
15415:
15413:
15410:
15408:
15405:
15403:
15400:
15399:
15397:
15392:
15389:
15387:
15384:
15382:
15379:
15377:
15374:
15372:
15369:
15367:
15364:
15362:
15359:
15357:
15354:
15352:
15349:
15347:
15344:
15343:
15341:
15336:
15333:
15331:
15328:
15326:
15323:
15321:
15318:
15316:
15313:
15311:
15308:
15306:
15303:
15301:
15298:
15296:
15293:
15291:
15288:
15287:
15285:
15280:
15277:
15275:
15272:
15270:
15267:
15265:
15262:
15260:
15257:
15255:
15252:
15250:
15247:
15245:
15242:
15240:
15237:
15235:
15232:
15231:
15229:
15224:
15221:
15219:
15216:
15214:
15211:
15209:
15206:
15204:
15201:
15199:
15196:
15194:
15191:
15189:
15186:
15184:
15181:
15179:
15176:
15175:
15173:
15168:
15167:
15163:
15161:
15158:
15156:
15153:
15151:
15148:
15146:
15143:
15141:
15138:
15136:
15133:
15131:
15128:
15126:
15123:
15122:
15120:
15115:
15112:
15110:
15107:
15105:
15102:
15100:
15097:
15095:
15092:
15090:
15087:
15085:
15082:
15080:
15077:
15075:
15072:
15070:
15067:
15066:
15064:
15059:
15056:
15054:
15051:
15049:
15046:
15044:
15041:
15039:
15036:
15034:
15031:
15029:
15026:
15024:
15021:
15019:
15016:
15014:
15011:
15010:
15008:
15003:
15000:
14998:
14995:
14993:
14990:
14988:
14985:
14983:
14980:
14978:
14975:
14973:
14970:
14968:
14965:
14963:
14960:
14958:
14955:
14954:
14952:
14949:
14948:
14943:
14938:
14931:
14926:
14924:
14919:
14917:
14912:
14911:
14908:
14902:
14895:
14875:
14872:
14870:
14867:
14866:
14864:
14860:
14854:
14851:
14849:
14846:
14844:
14841:
14839:
14836:
14834:
14831:
14829:
14826:
14824:
14821:
14819:
14816:
14814:
14811:
14810:
14808:
14802:
14792:
14789:
14787:
14784:
14782:
14779:
14777:
14774:
14772:
14769:
14767:
14764:
14762:
14759:
14758:
14756:
14752:
14746:
14743:
14739:
14738:
14734:
14733:
14732:
14729:
14727:
14724:
14723:
14721:
14717:
14714:
14712:
14706:
14700:
14697:
14695:
14692:
14690:
14689:
14685:
14683:
14682:
14678:
14676:
14675:
14671:
14669:
14668:
14664:
14662:
14661:
14657:
14655:
14654:
14650:
14648:
14647:
14643:
14641:
14640:
14636:
14634:
14633:
14629:
14627:
14626:
14622:
14620:
14619:
14615:
14613:
14611:
14607:
14605:
14604:
14600:
14598:
14597:
14593:
14591:
14588:
14586:
14585:Statuary Hall
14583:
14581:
14578:
14576:
14573:
14569:
14568:
14564:
14563:
14562:
14559:
14557:
14554:
14552:
14549:
14547:
14544:
14542:
14539:
14538:
14536:
14534:
14530:
14524:
14521:
14519:
14516:
14514:
14511:
14509:
14508:
14504:
14502:
14501:
14497:
14495:
14494:
14490:
14488:
14487:
14483:
14481:
14478:
14477:
14475:
14473:
14467:
14461:
14458:
14456:
14453:
14451:
14448:
14446:
14443:
14441:
14440:Poet Laureate
14438:
14436:
14433:
14429:
14426:
14425:
14424:
14421:
14417:
14414:
14413:
14412:
14409:
14408:
14406:
14404:
14398:
14388:
14385:
14383:
14382:Reading Clerk
14380:
14378:
14375:
14373:
14370:
14366:
14363:
14362:
14361:
14358:
14356:
14353:
14351:
14348:
14346:
14343:
14341:
14338:
14336:
14333:
14331:
14328:
14326:
14323:
14322:
14320:
14316:
14310:
14307:
14305:
14302:
14300:
14297:
14295:
14292:
14290:
14287:
14285:
14282:
14280:
14277:
14275:
14272:
14271:
14269:
14265:
14262:
14258:
14248:
14245:
14243:
14240:
14238:
14235:
14233:
14230:
14228:
14225:
14223:
14222:Congr. Ethics
14220:
14219:
14217:
14213:
14207:
14204:
14202:
14199:
14197:
14194:
14193:
14191:
14187:
14184:
14180:
14174:
14171:
14169:
14166:
14164:
14161:
14159:
14156:
14154:
14151:
14149:
14146:
14142:
14139:
14138:
14137:
14134:
14132:
14129:
14125:
14122:
14121:
14120:
14117:
14115:
14112:
14111:
14109:
14103:
14099:
14094:
14090:
14085:
14081:
14067:
14066:
14062:
14060:
14059:
14055:
14053:
14052:
14048:
14046:
14043:
14041:
14038:
14037:
14035:
14031:
14021:
14018:
14016:
14013:
14011:
14010:
14006:
14004:
14001:
13999:
13996:
13994:
13991:
13989:
13986:
13982:
13979:
13977:
13974:
13973:
13972:
13969:
13965:
13962:
13960:
13957:
13956:
13955:
13954:House history
13952:
13951:
13948:
13945:
13943:
13939:
13933:
13930:
13928:
13925:
13923:
13920:
13919:
13917:
13913:
13907:
13906:Subcommittees
13904:
13902:
13899:
13897:
13894:
13892:
13891:List (Senate)
13889:
13887:
13884:
13882:
13879:
13877:
13874:
13872:
13869:
13867:
13864:
13862:
13859:
13857:
13854:
13852:
13849:
13847:
13843:
13840:
13839:
13837:
13835:
13831:
13825:
13824:Treaty Clause
13822:
13820:
13817:
13815:
13812:
13810:
13807:
13805:
13802:
13800:
13797:
13795:
13792:
13790:
13787:
13785:
13782:
13780:
13777:
13775:
13772:
13770:
13767:
13765:
13762:
13760:
13759:
13755:
13753:
13752:
13747:
13745:
13742:
13740:
13737:
13735:
13732:
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13725:
13722:
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13710:
13702:
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13697:
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13689:
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13647:
13644:
13642:
13639:
13637:
13634:
13632:
13629:
13625:
13622:
13621:
13620:
13619:Joint session
13617:
13615:
13612:
13610:
13607:
13605:
13604:Enrolled bill
13602:
13600:
13597:
13595:
13592:
13590:
13587:
13585:
13582:
13580:
13577:
13573:
13570:
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13563:
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13512:
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13507:
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13501:
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13489:
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13467:
13464:
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13447:
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13439:
13436:
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13423:
13419:
13415:
13408:
13404:
13390:
13387:
13385:
13382:
13380:
13377:
13373:
13370:
13368:
13365:
13363:
13360:
13358:
13355:
13354:
13352:
13350:
13347:
13345:
13342:
13340:
13337:
13336:
13334:
13330:
13320:
13319:
13315:
13313:
13310:
13308:
13305:
13303:
13300:
13298:
13295:
13293:
13292:Hindu members
13290:
13288:
13285:
13284:
13282:
13278:
13272:
13269:
13268:
13266:
13262:
13254:
13253:current House
13251:
13249:
13248:Issues Caucus
13246:
13244:
13241:
13239:
13236:
13235:
13233:
13229:
13226:
13225:
13224:
13221:
13220:
13218:
13214:
13208:
13205:
13201:
13198:
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13193:
13189:
13186:
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13179:
13176:
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13150:
13147:
13145:
13142:
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13137:
13136:
13135:
13132:
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13129:
13125:
13119:
13116:
13115:
13113:
13111:
13107:
13104:
13100:
13094:
13091:
13089:
13088:Apportionment
13086:
13084:
13081:
13080:
13078:
13074:
13064:
13061:
13059:
13056:
13054:
13051:
13049:
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13039:
13038:
13037:
13034:
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13031:
13027:
13019:
13016:
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13011:
13009:
13006:
13005:
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12997:
12994:
12992:
12989:
12987:
12984:
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12979:
12977:
12974:
12970:
12967:
12966:
12965:
12962:
12958:
12955:
12954:
12953:
12950:
12949:
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12943:
12940:
12936:
12926:
12923:
12921:
12918:
12916:
12913:
12911:
12908:
12906:
12903:
12901:
12898:
12896:
12893:
12891:
12888:
12886:
12883:
12881:
12878:
12876:
12873:
12871:
12868:
12866:
12863:
12861:
12858:
12856:
12853:
12851:
12848:
12846:
12843:
12841:
12838:
12836:
12833:
12831:
12828:
12826:
12823:
12821:
12818:
12816:
12813:
12811:
12808:
12806:
12803:
12801:
12798:
12796:
12793:
12791:
12788:
12786:
12783:
12782:
12780:
12776:
12770:
12767:
12765:
12762:
12760:
12757:
12755:
12752:
12750:
12747:
12745:
12742:
12740:
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12722:
12718:
12712:
12709:
12707:
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12699:
12697:
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12692:
12689:
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12684:
12682:
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12670:
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12641:
12639:
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12629:
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12625:
12623:
12619:
12616:
12612:
12608:
12604:
12599:
12595:
12589:
12586:
12583:
12580: →
12579:
12576: ←
12575:
12571:
12569:
12568:Joint session
12566:
12564:
12561:
12559:
12556:
12555:
12552:
12548:
12541:
12536:
12534:
12529:
12527:
12522:
12521:
12518:
12502:
12496:
12490:
12485:
12482:
12480:
12477:
12474:
12468:
12463:
12462:
12458:
12454:
12439:
12393:
12392:
12387:
12384:
12380:
12377:
12373:
12368:
12362:
12357:
12356:
12349:
12346:
12342:
12341:
12329:
12327:0-618-17906-2
12323:
12319:
12318:
12312:
12308:
12304:
12303:
12297:
12285:
12281:
12277:
12273:
12269:
12264:
12259:
12255:
12251:
12247:
12242:
12238:
12236:0-8133-1157-8
12232:
12227:
12226:
12219:
12215:
12213:0-19-516195-5
12209:
12205:
12204:
12198:
12194:
12192:0-87187-477-6
12188:
12184:
12183:
12177:
12165:
12161:
12157:
12152:
12145:September 20,
12137:
12130:
12125:
12118:September 27,
12113:
12109:
12107:1-59033-509-0
12103:
12099:
12098:
12092:
12088:
12086:1-56802-826-1
12082:
12077:
12076:
12069:
12062:September 20,
12057:
12053:
12048:
12044:
12042:0-7190-6309-4
12038:
12034:
12029:
12024:
12022:0-87187-325-7
12018:
12013:
12012:
12005:
12001:
11999:0-394-52346-6
11995:
11991:
11986:
11982:
11977:
11965:
11961:
11956:
11944:
11940:
11936:
11929:September 20,
11924:
11920:
11916:
11912:
11911:
11889:
11885:
11881:
11877:
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11872:
11866:
11859:
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11839:
11835:
11831:
11827:
11820:
11809:September 30,
11804:
11800:
11796:
11790:
11781:
11770:September 11,
11765:
11761:
11759:9781139446990
11755:
11751:
11744:
11733:
11724:
11717:
11711:
11696:
11695:Ronald Reagan
11692:
11686:
11684:
11667:
11663:
11659:
11652:
11650:
11642:
11638:
11634:
11631:
11626:
11615:
11599:
11595:
11591:
11585:
11569:
11565:
11561:
11554:
11538:
11534:
11533:Time Magazine
11530:
11523:
11508:
11504:
11497:
11489:
11485:
11478:
11463:
11459:
11452:
11437:
11433:
11426:
11411:
11407:
11403:
11399:
11392:
11377:
11373:
11369:
11365:
11358:
11343:
11339:
11332:
11325:
11313:
11309:
11302:
11286:
11282:
11275:
11264:September 11,
11259:
11255:
11253:0-472-08711-8
11249:
11245:
11238:
11236:
11224:September 11,
11219:
11215:
11211:
11204:
11193:September 11,
11188:
11184:
11180:
11173:
11162:September 11,
11157:
11153:
11149:
11142:
11135:
11131:
11127:
11122:
11115:
11109:
11098:September 20,
11093:
11089:
11082:
11066:
11062:
11060:9780195345612
11056:
11052:
11045:
11034:September 20,
11029:
11025:
11018:
11002:
10998:
10994:
10987:
10971:
10967:
10961:
10959:
10942:
10938:
10931:
10920:September 11,
10915:
10911:
10909:0-618-17906-2
10905:
10901:
10894:
10878:
10874:
10870:
10864:
10848:
10844:
10840:
10833:
10822:September 20,
10817:
10813:
10809:
10802:
10784:
10780:
10776:
10771:
10759:
10755:
10751:
10746:
10734:
10730:
10726:
10722:
10710:
10706:
10702:
10701:
10695:
10679:
10675:
10668:
10657:September 28,
10652:
10648:
10644:
10638:
10636:
10617:
10613:
10609:
10604:
10592:
10588:
10584:
10580:
10579:Karen Tumulty
10576:
10564:
10560:
10556:
10551:
10539:
10535:
10531:
10526:
10514:
10510:
10506:
10502:
10501:
10495:
10479:
10475:
10471:
10464:
10448:
10444:
10440:
10434:
10418:
10414:
10410:
10404:
10388:
10384:
10377:
10375:
10355:
10351:
10344:
10343:
10336:
10325:September 11,
10320:
10316:
10314:9781139446990
10310:
10306:
10299:
10297:
10285:September 30,
10280:
10276:
10272:
10265:
10252:September 30,
10247:
10243:
10239:
10234:
10227:September 30,
10222:
10218:
10214:
10210:
10206:
10199:September 30,
10194:
10190:
10186:
10181:
10174:September 30,
10169:
10165:
10161:
10156:
10149:September 30,
10144:
10140:
10136:
10131:
10130:
10124:
10113:September 30,
10108:
10104:
10100:
10094:
10083:September 30,
10078:
10074:
10070:
10064:
10053:September 30,
10048:
10044:
10040:
10033:
10017:
10013:
10009:
10003:
9987:
9983:
9979:
9972:
9959:September 30,
9954:
9950:
9946:
9941:
9934:September 30,
9929:
9925:
9921:
9916:
9909:September 30,
9904:
9900:
9896:
9891:
9884:September 30,
9879:
9875:
9871:
9866:
9865:
9859:
9843:
9839:
9835:
9828:
9826:
9809:
9805:
9801:
9794:
9792:
9775:
9771:
9767:
9760:
9758:
9756:
9739:
9735:
9731:
9725:
9723:
9721:
9709:September 20,
9704:
9700:
9696:
9692:
9685:
9674:September 11,
9669:
9665:
9661:
9654:
9652:
9635:
9631:
9627:
9620:
9604:
9600:
9596:
9589:
9587:
9585:
9573:September 20,
9568:
9564:
9560:
9553:
9542:September 11,
9537:
9533:
9529:
9523:
9512:September 11,
9507:
9503:
9496:
9485:September 11,
9480:
9476:
9472:
9466:
9455:September 11,
9450:
9446:
9442:
9436:
9425:September 11,
9420:
9416:
9412:
9405:
9394:September 11,
9389:
9385:
9383:9781139446990
9379:
9375:
9374:
9366:
9358:
9352:
9348:
9342:
9326:
9322:
9316:
9308:
9306:0-13-063085-3
9302:
9298:
9293:
9292:
9286:
9280:
9261:
9254:
9248:
9232:
9228:
9227:
9222:
9216:
9209:
9205:
9200:
9198:
9196:
9184:September 12,
9179:
9175:
9169:
9161:
9159:0-691-04887-8
9155:
9151:
9144:
9135:
9126:
9110:
9106:
9100:
9098:
9096:
9094:
9092:
9090:
9088:
9086:
9084:
9082:
9080:
9078:
9076:
9074:
9072:
9070:
9068:
9056:September 11,
9051:
9047:
9041:
9039:
9037:
9025:September 11,
9020:
9016:
9010:
9008:
8996:September 28,
8991:
8987:
8983:
8976:
8960:
8956:
8952:
8945:
8934:September 11,
8929:
8925:
8921:
8915:
8904:September 15,
8899:
8895:
8889:
8878:September 11,
8873:
8869:
8862:
8851:September 11,
8846:
8842:
8840:9781139446990
8836:
8832:
8825:
8814:September 11,
8809:
8805:
8803:9781139446990
8799:
8795:
8788:
8772:
8768:
8764:
8757:
8755:
8743:September 11,
8738:
8734:
8730:
8723:
8717:
8713:
8710:
8708:
8698:
8691:
8687:
8684:
8678:
8671:
8667:
8664:
8659:
8653:
8649:
8646:
8640:
8632:
8627:
8616:September 11,
8611:
8607:
8603:
8596:
8585:September 11,
8580:
8576:
8570:
8559:September 11,
8554:
8550:
8546:
8539:
8528:September 11,
8523:
8519:
8515:
8511:
8505:
8496:
8485:September 28,
8480:
8476:
8472:
8465:
8454:September 28,
8449:
8445:
8441:
8434:
8418:
8414:
8410:
8403:
8387:
8383:
8379:
8372:
8356:
8352:
8348:
8341:
8325:
8321:
8317:
8310:
8299:September 28,
8294:
8290:
8286:
8279:
8268:September 11,
8263:
8259:
8255:
8248:
8237:September 28,
8229:
8222:
8215:
8199:
8195:
8191:
8184:
8173:September 11,
8168:
8164:
8160:
8153:
8142:September 11,
8137:
8133:
8129:
8122:
8111:September 11,
8106:
8102:
8098:
8092:
8081:September 11,
8076:
8072:
8068:
8062:
8051:September 28,
8046:
8042:
8038:
8032:
8021:September 28,
8016:
8012:
8008:
8001:
7985:
7981:
7975:
7964:September 28,
7959:
7955:
7951:
7945:
7943:
7941:
7927:September 28,
7922:
7918:
7914:
7910:
7903:September 28,
7898:
7894:
7889:
7877:
7873:
7869:
7864:
7863:
7857:
7846:September 11,
7841:
7837:
7833:
7826:
7815:September 11,
7810:
7806:
7802:
7796:
7787:
7785:
7773:September 11,
7768:
7764:
7762:0-618-17906-2
7758:
7754:
7747:
7745:
7736:
7730:
7726:
7725:
7717:
7711:, p. 42.
7710:
7705:
7698:
7693:
7678:
7674:
7667:
7652:
7648:
7641:
7635:, p. 45.
7634:
7629:
7622:
7617:
7601:
7597:
7590:
7583:
7579:
7576:
7572:
7568:
7565:
7559:
7543:
7539:
7533:
7531:
7523:
7519:
7516:
7510:
7508:
7500:
7496:
7493:
7487:
7485:
7465:
7461:
7458:
7452:
7433:
7429:
7426:
7420:
7397:
7393:
7390:
7384:
7377:
7373:
7370:
7364:
7353:September 11,
7348:
7344:
7342:9781139446990
7338:
7334:
7327:
7316:September 11,
7311:
7307:
7305:0-618-17906-2
7301:
7297:
7290:
7288:
7286:
7284:
7267:
7263:
7259:
7252:
7236:
7232:
7228:
7221:
7205:
7201:
7197:
7190:
7174:
7170:
7166:
7159:
7157:
7140:
7136:
7132:
7125:
7109:
7105:
7101:
7094:
7092:
7075:
7071:
7067:
7060:
7058:
7056:
7039:
7035:
7031:
7024:
7022:
7005:
7001:
6997:
6990:
6988:
6976:September 30,
6971:
6967:
6963:
6956:
6945:September 11,
6940:
6936:
6934:9781139446990
6930:
6926:
6919:
6917:
6915:
6913:
6904:
6900:
6896:
6890:
6879:September 11,
6874:
6870:
6868:0-618-17906-2
6864:
6860:
6853:
6846:
6835:
6831:
6824:
6808:
6804:
6800:
6794:
6778:
6774:
6770:
6764:
6753:September 11,
6748:
6744:
6740:
6734:
6732:
6715:
6711:
6707:
6701:
6685:
6681:
6677:
6671:
6655:
6651:
6647:
6641:
6625:
6621:
6617:
6611:
6595:
6591:
6587:
6581:
6579:
6562:
6558:
6554:
6548:
6532:
6528:
6524:
6518:
6502:
6498:
6494:
6490:
6486:
6482:
6478:
6474:
6470:
6465:
6457:
6448:
6446:
6429:
6425:
6424:
6419:
6413:
6402:September 11,
6397:
6393:
6391:0-618-17906-2
6387:
6383:
6376:
6365:September 11,
6360:
6356:
6354:9781139446990
6350:
6346:
6339:
6328:September 28,
6323:
6319:
6315:
6308:
6293:
6289:
6282:
6274:
6272:9781071836859
6268:
6264:
6257:
6246:September 17,
6241:
6237:
6231:
6224:
6218:
6211:
6205:
6189:
6185:
6181:
6177:
6175:
6166:
6158:
6152:
6148:
6144:
6138:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6115:
6111:
6108:
6103:
6092:September 11,
6087:
6083:
6081:0-618-17906-2
6077:
6073:
6066:
6050:
6046:
6040:
6031:
6022:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5991:
5975:
5971:
5967:
5960:
5949:September 11,
5944:
5940:
5938:0-618-17906-2
5934:
5930:
5923:
5921:
5909:September 11,
5904:
5900:
5896:
5890:
5874:
5870:
5864:
5848:
5844:
5837:
5828:
5819:
5803:
5799:
5783:
5779:
5764:
5760:
5756:
5745:
5737:
5730:
5714:
5710:
5704:
5693:September 20,
5688:
5684:
5680:
5673:
5671:
5669:
5657:September 11,
5652:
5648:
5646:9781139446990
5642:
5638:
5631:
5629:
5627:
5625:
5623:
5621:
5619:
5617:
5615:
5613:
5611:
5609:
5607:
5595:September 11,
5590:
5586:
5584:0-618-17906-2
5580:
5576:
5569:
5567:
5565:
5553:September 11,
5548:
5544:
5542:9781139446990
5538:
5534:
5527:
5525:
5513:September 11,
5508:
5504:
5502:0-253-34425-5
5498:
5494:
5493:
5485:
5483:
5481:
5479:
5477:
5475:
5473:
5456:
5452:
5445:
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5441:
5439:
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5433:
5431:
5429:
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5425:
5423:
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5419:
5417:
5415:
5413:
5411:
5409:
5407:
5405:
5403:
5395:
5383:
5380:. p. 4.
5379:
5378:
5373:
5367:
5352:
5350:9780195384208
5346:
5342:
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5336:
5330:
5314:
5310:
5306:
5300:
5284:
5280:
5273:
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5243:
5236:
5223:
5219:
5218:
5213:
5207:
5203:
5189:
5183:
5176:
5175:West Virginia
5172:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5157:
5153:
5149:
5145:
5139:
5135:
5125:
5122:
5120:
5117:
5115:
5112:
5110:
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5102:
5100:
5097:
5095:
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5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
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5072:
5070:
5067:
5066:
5060:
5058:
5054:
5049:
5047:
5043:
5038:
5036:
5032:
5031:court summons
5028:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5004:
5000:
4990:
4987:
4977:
4975:
4971:
4967:
4963:
4958:
4955:
4954:
4947:
4945:
4941:
4936:
4935:last minute.
4933:
4929:
4925:
4919:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4900:
4895:
4893:
4885:
4881:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4863:
4859:
4848:
4844:
4831:
4827:
4824:
4821:
4818:
4815:
4812:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4807:Richard Fenno
4804:
4794:
4792:
4788:
4778:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4763:
4753:
4750:
4745:
4734:
4718:
4716:
4699:
4695:
4694:
4690:, writing in
4689:
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4675:
4666:
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4597:
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4570:
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4537:
4533:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4503:
4501:
4496:
4495:recorded vote
4490:
4488:
4484:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4472:pay-as-you-go
4469:
4465:
4461:
4455:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4436:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4419:
4415:
4411:
4406:
4402:
4397:
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4390:
4385:
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4379:
4375:
4370:
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4359:
4356:
4353:
4350:
4347:
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4340:
4339:
4332:
4327:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4306:
4296:
4293:
4289:
4285:
4281:
4278:address. The
4277:
4273:
4267:
4257:
4250:
4249:
4244:
4233:
4223:
4220:
4216:
4212:
4208:
4204:
4193:
4183:
4181:
4176:
4172:
4166:
4156:
4154:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4141:national debt
4138:
4133:
4132:to Congress.
4131:
4130:economic data
4127:
4123:
4117:
4107:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4081:
4079:
4075:
4071:
4067:
4063:
4059:
4055:
4051:
4047:
4043:
4034:
4029:
4014:
4011:
4007:
4003:
3999:
3998:
3993:
3983:
3981:
3977:
3976:subcommittees
3973:
3969:
3959:
3957:
3952:
3938:
3920:
3916:
3915:Congress Hall
3911:
3906:
3896:
3893:
3889:
3882:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3861:
3857:
3853:
3849:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3833:
3828:
3824:
3820:
3816:
3812:
3808:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3795:
3791:
3786:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3771:
3770:Richard Nixon
3767:
3763:
3759:
3755:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3734:
3730:
3726:
3722:
3721:Ronald Reagan
3718:
3717:Richard Nixon
3714:
3710:
3706:
3702:
3698:
3692:
3690:
3684:
3675:
3673:
3666:
3662:
3657:
3651:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3627:
3626:territories.
3623:
3619:
3616:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3596:
3590:
3586:
3576:
3574:
3573:
3568:
3563:
3559:
3549:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3538:voting rights
3535:
3531:
3527:
3517:
3515:
3511:
3507:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3494:Ronald Reagan
3490:
3486:
3482:
3478:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3449:
3447:
3443:
3439:
3434:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3390:
3385:
3381:
3377:
3372:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3358:
3357:
3352:
3348:
3343:
3341:
3335:
3333:
3329:
3325:
3320:
3313:
3309:
3305:
3300:
3294:
3292:
3285:
3278:
3273:
3263:
3248:
3246:
3242:
3238:
3237:Kamala Harris
3233:
3231:
3227:
3223:
3218:
3216:
3212:
3208:
3207:Jim Crow laws
3203:
3201:
3197:
3193:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3173:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3153:
3143:
3141:
3137:
3133:
3128:
3126:
3121:
3117:
3107:
3105:
3104:brinksmanship
3100:
3099:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3066:
3064:
3060:
3056:
3043:
3040:
3036:
3031:
3030:
3025:
3021:
3017:
3013:
3009:
3004:
3000:
2999:Great Society
2995:
2993:
2989:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2973:
2968:
2964:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2945:
2941:
2937:
2933:
2932:Supreme Court
2929:
2925:
2920:
2918:
2913:
2908:
2903:
2896:
2892:
2891:party control
2887:
2873:
2864:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2850:
2846:
2842:
2838:
2834:
2830:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2817:
2813:
2812:Supreme Court
2809:
2808:John Marshall
2805:
2801:
2791:
2789:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2773:
2772:James Madison
2769:
2765:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2751:
2747:
2746:committee era
2743:
2739:
2738:formative era
2735:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2711:
2710:by population
2707:
2703:
2699:
2694:
2691:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2663:
2656:
2652:
2648:
2647:
2641:
2631:
2621:
2619:
2614:
2612:
2608:
2603:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2586:
2582:
2578:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2562:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2546:
2540:
2531:
2529:
2524:
2519:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2502:
2500:
2495:
2493:
2489:
2486:
2481:
2474:
2469:
2463:
2442:
2440:
2436:
2432:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2403:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2334:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2276:
2271:
2269:
2264:
2262:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2233:
2230:
2228:
2225:
2223:
2220:
2218:
2215:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2197:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2181:Voting rights
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2157:
2154:
2152:
2149:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2139:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2127:
2124:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2106:
2102:
2101:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2086:
2083:
2082:
2079:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2070:
2069:
2068:
2064:
2063:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:Equal footing
2050:
2048:
2047:Republicanism
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2024:
2023:
2022:
2018:
2017:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1997:
1995:
1992:
1991:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1984:
1980:
1976:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1956:
1951:
1949:
1944:
1942:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1927:
1922:
1917:
1915:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1901:
1894:
1891:
1889:
1888:Latin America
1886:
1884:
1881:
1879:
1876:
1874:
1871:
1869:
1866:
1864:
1861:
1859:
1856:
1854:
1851:
1850:
1846:
1843:
1841:
1838:
1836:
1833:
1832:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1816:
1813:
1812:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1781:
1778:
1777:
1773:
1769:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1759:
1758:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1742:
1739:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1728:
1725:
1724:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1712:
1711:
1708:
1705:
1702:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1628:Republicanism
1626:
1624:
1623:Protectionism
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1579:
1578:Progressivism
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1532:
1529:
1528:
1525:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1493:
1492:
1491:Third parties
1489:
1488:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1475:
1472:
1467:
1466:
1459:
1457:
1452:
1451:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1401:West Virginia
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1306:New Hampshire
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1266:Massachusetts
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1163:
1159:
1156:
1155:
1149:
1146:
1145:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1121:
1118:
1117:
1114:
1109:
1108:
1101:
1100:
1096:
1095:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1065:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1029:
1026:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
992:
991:Chief Justice
989:
988:
985:
984:
980:
979:
976:
971:
970:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
949:
945:
942:
941:
938:
937:
933:
932:
928:
927:Kamala Harris
925:
924:
921:
920:
916:
915:
911:
908:
907:
904:
903:
899:
898:
895:
890:
889:
881:
878:
875:
874:
870:
869:Chuck Schumer
867:
864:
863:
859:
856:
853:
852:
848:
847:Kamala Harris
845:
842:
841:
838:
837:
833:
832:
828:
825:
824:
820:
816:
813:
812:
808:
805:
802:
801:
797:
796:Steve Scalise
794:
791:
790:
786:
783:
780:
779:
776:
775:
771:
770:
768:
766:
761:
754:
753:
749:
748:
745:
740:
739:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
715:
714:
710:
709:
706:
701:
700:
694:
690:
689:
686:
685:United States
679:
678:
675:
672:
671:
663:
659:
654:
650:
643:
638:
635:
631:
627:
623:
619:
614:
611:Meeting place
609:
606:
603:
599:
593:
590:
587:
583:
577:
574:
571:
567:
561:
558:
555:
551:
545:
540:
529:
528:
527:
526:
518:
511:
510:
509:
508:
500:
493:
492:
491:
488:
484:
479:
475:
470:
463:
456:
455:
454:
453:
452:Minority (49)
445:
438:
434:
427:
426:
425:
424:Majority (51)
422:
418:
413:
409:
404:
398:
394:
388:
385:
384:
381:
380:
378:
374:
369:
362:
358:
357:Steve Scalise
354:
351:
346:
339:
335:
331:
328:
323:
316:
312:
311:Chuck Schumer
308:
305:
300:
293:
289:
285:
282:
277:
273:
267:
263:
262:Kamala Harris
259:
256:
251:
246:
242:
236:
233:
230:
226:
211:
207:
202:
199:
195:
192:
188:
183:
178:
174:
169:
165:
160:
157:
153:
146:
143:
135:
132:
124:
114:
110:
106:
100:
96:
92:
91:
86:This article
84:
80:
75:
74:
69:
65:
48:
44:
40:
33:
28:
19:
21870:
21860:
21843:
21826:
21809:
21792:
21775:
21763:from Commons
21758:
21737:
21663:Sint Maarten
21589:Dependencies
21559:
21143:Turkmenistan
21118:South Africa
20854:
20739:legislatures
20610:Human rights
20590:Gun politics
20541:Islamophobia
20531:antisemitism
20399:Hospice care
20341:Middle class
20321:Homelessness
20298:Social class
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20122:Human rights
20112:Homelessness
20024:middle class
19989:Demographics
19964:Architecture
19871:Unemployment
19851:Labor unions
19599:Town meeting
19576:City council
19571:City manager
19312:State police
19174:Marine Corps
19164:Armed Forces
19139:civil rights
19119:Constitution
18938:
18691:Southwestern
18686:Southeastern
18676:Northwestern
18671:Northeastern
18636:Mid-Atlantic
18626:Great Plains
18344:World War II
18227:Constitution
18131:Colonial era
18110:2008–present
17548:South Dakota
17516:Rhode Island
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13886:List (House)
13881:List (Joint)
13851:Of the Whole
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13749:Jefferson's
13636:Magic minute
13389:Slave owners
13372:2000–present
13318:Sikh members
13316:
13223:LGBT members
13149:Black Caucus
12925:118th (2023)
12920:117th (2021)
12915:116th (2019)
12910:115th (2017)
12905:114th (2015)
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3380:armed forces
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334:Mike Johnson
288:Patty Murray
142:
127:
118:
103:Please help
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37:This is the
31:
21892: /
21648:Puerto Rico
21595:territories
21540:Saint Lucia
21470:El Salvador
21250:(1969–1992)
21203:Puerto Rico
21193:Isle of Man
21108:Saint Lucia
21088:Philippines
21068:Netherlands
21008:Ivory Coast
20850:Switzerland
20840:South Sudan
20615:Immigration
20546:LGBT rights
20448:Food safety
20283:Video games
19876:Wall Street
19856:Public debt
19759:Agriculture
19695:nationalism
19407:Uniform act
19329:Legislative
19236:Territorial
19194:Coast Guard
19189:Space Force
18939:Legislative
18734:Red (South)
18724:Mississippi
18646:New England
18582:Appalachian
18552:Earthquakes
18449:Discoveries
18444:Demographic
18386:Vietnam War
18329:World War I
18324:Imperialism
18274:Indian Wars
18249:War of 1812
17767:Puerto Rico
17285:Mississippi
17013:Connecticut
16826:Immigration
16816:Environment
16677:By congress
16605:Philippines
16562:Puerto Rico
16070:Mississippi
15781:Connecticut
14843:Power Plant
14435:Law Library
14136:Cap. Police
14105:Legislative
13794:Senate hold
13701:Pocket veto
13676:Sponsorship
13656:Quorum call
13456:Impeachment
12830:99th (1985)
12825:98th (1983)
12820:97th (1981)
12815:96th (1979)
12810:95th (1977)
12805:94th (1975)
12800:93rd (1973)
12795:92nd (1971)
12790:91st (1969)
12785:90th (1967)
12778:New members
12484:U.S. Senate
12170:October 10,
11970:October 10,
11949:October 10,
11848:January 16,
11574:January 11,
11071:January 10,
11007:January 10,
10976:January 10,
10812:Utne Reader
9701:: 609–628.
8663:House Learn
7548:October 10,
6813:October 10,
6783:October 10,
6720:October 10,
6690:October 10,
6660:October 10,
6630:October 10,
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5769:October 10,
5356:October 22,
5053:federal law
4884:Farm League
4749:Gallup poll
4701:institution
4669:Perceptions
4637:free speech
4601:life tenure
4557:pocket veto
4487:quorum call
4124:(CBO) is a
4074:War of 1812
4006:Pro tempore
3768:. In 1974,
3607:Puerto Rico
3542:due process
3520:Enumeration
3453:investigate
3401:World War I
3389:War of 1812
3275:Congress's
2967:White House
2880: 1915
2857:Thomas Reed
2756:Federalists
2557:demographic
2499:impeachment
2427:third party
2400:re-election
2378:U.S. census
2366:apportioned
2291:legislature
2232:Purposivism
2212:Originalism
2176:Citizenship
2166:Due process
2037:Rule of law
1893:Arab League
1807:Visa policy
1683:Territorial
1496:Libertarian
1431:Puerto Rico
1281:Mississippi
1196:Connecticut
744:Legislature
664:, article I
444:Independent
18:US Congress
21907:Categories
21877:38°53′23″N
21794:Quotations
21643:Montserrat
21445:Costa Rica
21230:Historical
21221:Somaliland
21158:Uzbekistan
21128:Tajikistan
21048:Madagascar
21028:Kazakhstan
20649:Xenophobia
20438:Disability
20379:Healthcare
20288:Visual art
20233:Philosophy
20179:television
20169:newspapers
20159:journalism
20149:Literature
20061:attainment
19712:Republican
19707:Democratic
19680:Ideologies
19641:Corruption
19206:NOAA Corps
19129:preemption
19124:federalism
18739:Rio Grande
18641:Midwestern
18621:West Coast
18616:East Coast
18459:Inventions
18371:Space Race
18366:Korean War
18349:home front
18284:Gilded Age
17644:Washington
17388:New Mexico
17372:New Jersey
16981:California
16571:Proposed (
16461:Washington
16189:New Mexico
16172:New Jersey
15747:California
15166:119 (2025)
15160:118 (2023)
15155:117 (2021)
15150:116 (2019)
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15084:104 (1995)
15079:103 (1993)
15074:102 (1991)
15069:101 (1989)
15058:100 (1987)
14806:facilities
14513:Serial Set
14401:Library of
14377:Postmaster
14340:Doorkeeper
14201:Historical
13856:Conference
13834:Committees
13819:Traditions
13744:Filibuster
13497:Privileges
13271:Physicians
13264:Occupation
13013:Vice-Chair
12614:Membership
12453:Audio help
12444:2006-08-04
11907:References
11884:1296619169
11876:The Jurist
11871:HeinOnline
10939:. Gallup.
10883:October 1,
10853:October 1,
10789:October 1,
10764:October 1,
10739:October 1,
10715:October 1,
10684:October 8,
10622:October 1,
10597:October 1,
10569:October 1,
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10423:October 1,
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10022:October 1,
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9848:October 1,
9814:October 1,
9780:October 1,
9744:October 1,
9640:October 1,
9609:October 2,
8777:October 7,
8634:airspace."
8575:"Timeline"
8423:October 4,
8392:October 4,
8361:October 4,
8330:October 4,
8204:October 4,
7882:October 4,
7272:October 2,
7241:October 2,
7210:October 2,
7179:October 2,
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7114:October 2,
7080:October 1,
7044:October 2,
7010:October 2,
6434:October 5,
5719:January 6,
5319:August 31,
5289:August 31,
5262:August 31,
5235:Democrats.
5144:Angus King
4993:Protection
4916:See also:
4872:Jim Cooper
4856:See also:
4841:See also:
4837:Privileges
4830:Henry Clay
4814:Reelection
4797:Motivation
4791:home style
4767:California
4686:Prominent
4546:do nothing
4536:proxy vote
4427:clean bill
4303:See also:
4226:Procedures
4056:; a large
3997:ex officio
3951:Committees
3899:Committees
3832:Dred Scott
3766:conviction
3613:, and the
3530:Fourteenth
3526:Thirteenth
3465:overseeing
3461:committees
3438:copyrights
3039:soft money
3029:soft money
2961:policies.
2841:Republican
2837:Gilded Age
2686:unicameral
2596:incumbents
2585:mass media
2583:, and the
2565:government
2561:minorities
2374:population
2237:Textualism
2042:Federalism
2019:Principles
1999:Amendments
1685:government
1671:Federalism
1613:Monarchism
1568:Liberalism
1483:Republican
1478:Democratic
1396:Washington
1316:New Mexico
1311:New Jersey
1186:California
534:Vacant (4)
525:Vacant (4)
517:Democratic
499:Republican
462:Republican
433:Democratic
248:Leadership
220:1789-03-04
105:improve it
95:verifiable
21880:77°0′32″W
21845:Resources
21828:Textbooks
21638:Greenland
21570:Venezuela
21515:Nicaragua
21485:Guatemala
21400:Argentina
20993:Indonesia
20760:Australia
20755:Argentina
20736:bicameral
20734:National
20632:Terrorism
20409:Rationing
20306:Affluence
20253:Sexuality
20221:Uncle Sam
20127:Languages
20056:Education
19999:affluence
19959:Americana
19886:Transport
19784:Insurance
19774:Companies
19754:By sector
19646:Elections
19287:Treasurer
19245:Executive
19184:Air Force
19156:Uniformed
18979:President
18796:Executive
18567:Mountains
18500:Territory
18488:Geography
18312:1954–1968
18307:1896–1954
18302:1865–1896
18264:Civil War
18105:1991–2008
18100:1980–1991
18095:1964–1980
18090:1945–1964
18085:1917–1945
18080:1865–1917
18075:1849–1865
18070:1815–1849
18065:1789–1815
18060:1776–1789
18053:By period
17676:Wisconsin
17564:Tennessee
17269:Minnesota
17189:Louisiana
16806:Education
16780:1901–2001
16775:1789–1901
16495:Wisconsin
16376:Tennessee
16053:Minnesota
15968:Louisiana
15661:Lists of
15615:90 (1967)
15610:89 (1965)
15605:88 (1963)
15600:87 (1961)
15595:86 (1959)
15590:85 (1957)
15585:84 (1955)
15580:83 (1953)
15575:82 (1951)
15570:81 (1949)
15559:80 (1947)
15554:79 (1945)
15549:78 (1943)
15544:77 (1941)
15539:76 (1939)
15534:75 (1937)
15529:74 (1935)
15524:73 (1933)
15519:72 (1931)
15514:71 (1929)
15503:70 (1927)
15498:69 (1925)
15493:68 (1923)
15488:67 (1921)
15483:66 (1919)
15478:65 (1917)
15473:64 (1915)
15468:63 (1913)
15463:62 (1911)
15458:61 (1909)
15447:60 (1907)
15442:59 (1905)
15437:58 (1903)
15432:57 (1901)
15427:56 (1899)
15422:55 (1897)
15417:54 (1895)
15412:53 (1893)
15407:52 (1891)
15402:51 (1889)
15391:50 (1887)
15386:49 (1885)
15381:48 (1883)
15376:47 (1881)
15371:46 (1879)
15366:45 (1877)
15361:44 (1875)
15356:43 (1873)
15351:42 (1871)
15346:41 (1869)
15335:40 (1867)
15330:39 (1865)
15325:38 (1863)
15320:37 (1861)
15315:36 (1859)
15310:35 (1857)
15305:34 (1855)
15300:33 (1853)
15295:32 (1851)
15290:31 (1849)
15279:30 (1847)
15274:29 (1845)
15269:28 (1843)
15264:27 (1841)
15259:26 (1839)
15254:25 (1837)
15249:24 (1835)
15244:23 (1833)
15239:22 (1831)
15234:21 (1829)
15223:20 (1827)
15218:19 (1825)
15213:18 (1823)
15208:17 (1821)
15203:16 (1819)
15198:15 (1817)
15193:14 (1815)
15188:13 (1813)
15183:12 (1811)
15178:11 (1809)
15053:99 (1985)
15048:98 (1983)
15043:97 (1981)
15038:96 (1979)
15033:95 (1977)
15028:94 (1975)
15023:93 (1973)
15018:92 (1971)
15013:91 (1969)
15002:10 (1807)
14781:Longworth
14711:buildings
14694:VP's Room
14355:Historian
14294:Librarian
14289:Historian
14274:Secretary
14260:Employees
14065:Roll Call
13876:Oversight
13804:Seniority
13671:Saxbe fix
13609:Expulsion
13523:Procedure
13461:Inquiries
13441:(Dormant)
13433:Copyright
13428:Article I
13367:1950–1999
13362:1900–1949
13357:1790–1899
13076:Districts
12991:Secretary
12952:President
12732:seniority
12706:Appointed
12669:seniority
12280:209487865
12272:0011-5266
12256:: 40–55.
11488:Bloomberg
11410:0362-4331
11376:0362-4331
11136:or state.
10779:USA Today
10647:USA Today
10363:March 30,
10164:USA Today
9770:USA Today
9664:USA Today
9630:USA TODAY
9563:USA Today
9115:April 20,
7606:March 15,
7200:USA TODAY
7169:USA Today
6497:231694131
6489:0898-0306
5198:Citations
5035:subpoenas
4876:Tennessee
4651:safe seat
4596:Incumbent
4374:procedure
4321:from 1960
4288:Jefferson
4215:Civil War
4066:was burnt
3980:oversight
3875:Structure
3756:in 1999,
3752:in 1868,
3745:defendant
3340:Keynesian
3235:In 2021,
3200:The Squad
3176:activists
2963:Roosevelt
2940:Lame duck
2917:Committee
2829:Civil War
2798:In 1800,
2702:bicameral
2504:The term
2358:districts
2342:Elections
2299:bicameral
1797:Passports
1692:Governors
1638:Anarchism
1633:Socialism
1406:Wisconsin
1371:Tennessee
1276:Minnesota
1251:Louisiana
1113:Elections
1028:Kavanaugh
1011:Sotomayor
975:Judiciary
910:Joe Biden
894:Executive
844:President
542:Elections
371:Structure
182:Bicameral
109:citations
21730:Politics
21603:Anguilla
21550:Suriname
21525:Paraguay
21500:Honduras
21455:Dominica
21440:Colombia
21410:Barbados
21163:Zimbabwe
21133:Thailand
21113:Slovenia
21083:Paraguay
20968:Eswatini
20938:Colombia
20928:Cameroon
20923:Cambodia
20893:Barbados
20825:Pakistan
20805:Malaysia
20795:Ethiopia
20688:Category
20384:Abortion
20248:Religion
20206:Columbia
20164:internet
20100:Holidays
20095:Folklore
20066:literacy
20004:eviction
19894:Aviation
19866:Taxation
19821:Currency
19814:by state
19724:Scandals
19594:Township
19352:Judicial
19253:Governor
19016:Judicial
18902:Marshals
18775:Politics
18729:Missouri
18719:Columbia
18714:Colorado
18709:Arkansas
18702:Longest
18681:Southern
18666:Northern
18510:counties
18464:Military
18454:Economic
18432:By topic
18411:Iraq War
18361:Cold War
18119:By event
17628:Virginia
17468:Oklahoma
17404:New York
17333:Nebraska
17301:Missouri
17253:Michigan
17221:Maryland
17173:Kentucky
17109:Illinois
17029:Delaware
16997:Colorado
16965:Arkansas
16794:By topic
16583:Obsolete
16573:Cherokee
16444:Virginia
16274:Oklahoma
16206:New York
16121:Nebraska
16087:Missouri
16036:Michigan
16002:Maryland
15951:Kentucky
15883:Illinois
15798:Delaware
15764:Colorado
15730:Arkansas
14997:9 (1805)
14992:8 (1803)
14987:7 (1801)
14982:6 (1799)
14977:5 (1797)
14972:4 (1795)
14967:3 (1793)
14962:2 (1791)
14957:1 (1789)
14612:painting
14403:Congress
14325:Chaplain
14279:Chaplain
14058:Politico
14051:The Hill
13901:Standing
13866:Hearings
13842:Chairman
13514:Immunity
13509:Franking
13504:Salaries
13438:Commerce
13280:Religion
12701:Resigned
12455: ·
12290:April 6,
12284:Archived
12250:Daedalus
12164:Archived
12112:Archived
11964:Archived
11943:Archived
11923:Archived
11919:Newsweek
11888:Archived
11880:ProQuest
11842:Archived
11830:CQ Press
11803:Archived
11764:Archived
11666:Archived
11633:Archived
11598:Archived
11596:. 1998.
11568:Archived
11537:Archived
11436:NBC News
11312:Archived
11285:Archived
11258:Archived
11218:Archived
11187:Archived
11156:Archived
11065:Archived
10970:Archived
10947:June 14,
10941:Archived
10914:Archived
10877:Archived
10847:Archived
10816:Archived
10783:Archived
10758:Archived
10709:Archived
10678:Archived
10616:Archived
10591:Archived
10563:Archived
10538:Archived
10478:Archived
10387:Archived
10354:Archived
10319:Archived
10279:Archived
10246:Archived
10193:Archived
10168:Archived
10143:Archived
10139:Newsweek
10107:Archived
10047:Archived
9986:Archived
9953:Archived
9928:Archived
9903:Archived
9878:Archived
9842:Archived
9838:Newsweek
9808:Archived
9774:Archived
9703:Archived
9668:Archived
9634:Archived
9603:Archived
9567:Archived
9506:Archived
9419:Archived
9388:Archived
9269:July 25,
9260:Archived
9231:Archived
9178:Archived
8990:Archived
8959:Archived
8928:Archived
8898:Archived
8872:Archived
8845:Archived
8808:Archived
8771:Archived
8767:BBC News
8737:Archived
8712:Archived
8686:Archived
8666:Archived
8648:Archived
8610:Archived
8579:Archived
8553:Archived
8522:Archived
8479:Archived
8448:Archived
8417:Archived
8386:Archived
8324:Archived
8293:Archived
8262:Archived
8228:Archived
8167:Archived
8136:Archived
7876:Archived
7840:Archived
7809:Archived
7767:Archived
7600:Archived
7578:Archived
7567:Archived
7542:Archived
7518:Archived
7495:Archived
7460:Archived
7428:Archived
7392:Archived
7372:Archived
7347:Archived
7310:Archived
7266:Archived
7235:Archived
7231:Newsweek
7204:Archived
7173:Archived
7108:Archived
7074:Archived
7038:Archived
6970:Archived
6939:Archived
6873:Archived
6507:March 2,
6501:Archived
6396:Archived
6359:Archived
6322:Archived
6188:Archived
6186:(1): 1.
6145:(2015).
6122:Archived
6110:Archived
6086:Archived
6049:Archived
6005:Archived
5974:Archived
5943:Archived
5873:Archived
5847:Archived
5802:Archived
5782:Archived
5763:Archived
5713:Archived
5687:Archived
5651:Archived
5589:Archived
5547:Archived
5507:Archived
5455:Archived
5388:March 5,
5382:Archived
5337:(2011).
5313:Archived
5309:POLITICO
5283:Archived
5256:Archived
5252:NBC News
5222:Archived
5217:Politico
5063:See also
5023:immunity
4986:franking
4736:—
4543:enrolled
4506:to vote
4448:recommit
4243:sessions
4237:Sessions
4180:pro bono
4159:Lobbying
4151:for the
3890:and the
3844:subpoena
3731:and the
3528:(1865),
3310:and the
3267:Overview
3190:and the
3154:and the
3016:Lobbying
2959:New Deal
2571:such as
2507:Congress
2445:Overview
2382:at-large
2323:governor
2297:. It is
1994:Articles
1986:Overview
1618:Populism
1603:Feminism
1391:Virginia
1341:Oklahoma
1321:New York
1296:Nebraska
1286:Missouri
1271:Michigan
1261:Maryland
1246:Kentucky
1226:Illinois
1201:Delaware
1191:Colorado
1181:Arkansas
726:Taxation
647:congress
600:election
584:election
568:election
552:election
121:May 2024
43:reviewed
21692:Portals
21628:Curaçao
21613:Bermuda
21565:Uruguay
21505:Jamaica
21480:Grenada
21465:Ecuador
21420:Bolivia
21405:Bahamas
21294:Related
21188:Bermuda
21153:Uruguay
21098:Romania
21063:Namibia
21058:Myanmar
21053:Morocco
21043:Liberia
21038:Lesotho
21013:Jamaica
20998:Ireland
20983:Grenada
20918:Burundi
20913:Bolivia
20898:Belarus
20888:Bahrain
20883:Bahamas
20873:Algeria
20865:Unitary
20835:Somalia
20820:Nigeria
20770:Belgium
20765:Austria
20747:Federal
20672:Outline
20620:illegal
20605:Smoking
20468:Obesity
20351:Poverty
20273:Theater
20263:Society
20117:Housing
20078:Fashion
20034:poverty
19979:Cuisine
19951:Culture
19938:Society
19899:Driving
19826:Exports
19804:Tourism
19764:Banking
19742:Economy
19702:Parties
19546:Charter
19510:Sheriff
18957:Speaker
18825:Cabinet
18788:Federal
18696:Western
18661:Eastern
18656:Central
18651:Pacific
18611:Regions
18562:Islands
18045:History
17692:Wyoming
17612:Vermont
17317:Montana
17125:Indiana
17061:Georgia
17045:Florida
16949:Arizona
16917:Alabama
16831:Tariffs
16768:By year
16512:Wyoming
16427:Vermont
16104:Montana
15900:Indiana
15832:Georgia
15815:Florida
15713:Arizona
15679:Alabama
14862:Related
14791:Rayburn
14786:O'Neill
14745:Russell
14726:Dirksen
14575:Rotunda
14416:reports
14284:Curator
14247:Library
14206:Library
14196:Curator
14182:Offices
14107:offices
13981:memoirs
13959:memoirs
13942:History
13729:Classes
13579:Cloture
13557:Censure
13332:Related
13048:Leaders
13036:Speaker
12976:Leaders
12938:Leaders
12727:Members
12691:Classes
12664:Members
12621:Members
12509:Current
12442: (
12413:minutes
11700:May 17,
11639:(PDF).
11543:May 22,
11512:May 17,
11467:May 15,
11441:May 15,
11415:May 15,
11381:May 15,
11347:May 15,
11130:op. cit
10754:Reuters
10729:Reuters
10413:Reuters
10012:Reuters
8965:May 22,
8955:Lawfare
8163:Reuters
7682:May 17,
7656:May 17,
6839:May 17,
6297:May 17,
6001:FindLaw
5167:Arizona
5156:Vermont
5046:slander
5007:treason
4980:Postage
4960:By the
4771:Wyoming
4715:against
4524:ID card
4516:present
4418:mark-up
4378:revenue
4070:British
3992:speaker
3986:Officer
3852:perjury
3785:Cabinet
3776:in the
3740:impeach
3293:(CV-31)
3174:, when
3055:lawyers
2624:History
2492:revenue
2421:or the
2293:of the
2289:is the
2006:History
1536:history
1411:Wyoming
1386:Vermont
1291:Montana
1231:Indiana
1211:Georgia
1206:Florida
1176:Arizona
1166:Alabama
1038:Jackson
1033:Barrett
1023:Gorsuch
952:Cabinet
782:Speaker
640:Website
218: (
209:Founded
204:History
99:neutral
21593:other
21520:Panama
21510:Mexico
21490:Guyana
21475:France
21430:Canada
21425:Brazil
21415:Belize
21103:Rwanda
21093:Poland
21023:Jordan
20973:France
20908:Bhutan
20903:Belize
20830:Russia
20810:Mexico
20785:Canada
20780:Brazil
20693:Portal
20600:Hunger
20551:racism
20492:Issues
20366:Health
20268:Sports
20228:People
20073:Family
20044:wealth
19969:Cinema
19794:Mining
19779:Energy
19524:Cities
19492:County
19426:Tribal
18964:Senate
18808:powers
18704:rivers
18577:ranges
18545:states
18469:Postal
17484:Oregon
17340:Nevada
17157:Kansas
17077:Hawaii
16933:Alaska
16811:Energy
16534:Others
16291:Oregon
16138:Nevada
15934:Kansas
15849:Hawaii
15696:Alaska
15671:States
14853:Subway
14771:Cannon
14719:Senate
14709:Office
14445:THOMAS
14267:Senate
14189:Senate
14040:C-SPAN
13922:Gavels
13871:Markup
13751:Manual
13572:Senate
13421:Powers
13238:Senate
13234:Women
13139:Senate
13102:Groups
12945:Senate
12744:Former
12681:Former
12657:Senate
12563:Senate
12363:
12324:
12278:
12270:
12233:
12210:
12189:
12104:
12083:
12039:
12019:
11996:
11882:
11756:
11408:
11374:
11250:
11057:
10906:
10311:
9380:
9353:
9303:
9156:
8837:
8800:
8703:
7759:
7731:
7476:
7472:
7468:
7444:
7440:
7436:
7412:
7408:
7404:
7400:
7339:
7302:
6931:
6865:
6495:
6487:
6388:
6351:
6269:
6225:(1997)
6212:(1985)
6153:
6130:
6078:
5935:
5643:
5581:
5539:
5499:
5347:
5159:caucus
5017:, and
5013:, and
5011:felony
4968:, the
4924:income
4892:Street
4890:
4864:, and
4845:, and
4731:
4727:
4723:
4711:
4707:
4703:
4552:
4548:
4483:quorum
4464:ad hoc
4452:quorum
4439:
4423:tabled
4369:hopper
4292:Wilson
4253:
4186:Police
4008:means
3762:trials
3723:, and
3681:
3609:, the
3544:, and
3504:, and
3431:
3417:Truman
3403:, and
3395:, the
3391:, the
3361:checks
3256:Powers
3061:, and
3051:
3047:
2835:. The
2727:within
2553:gained
2537:
2435:caucus
2417:, the
2370:states
2368:among
2199:Theory
1873:Canada
1853:Russia
1707:Courts
1573:Modern
1556:Social
1551:Paleo-
1346:Oregon
1301:Nevada
1241:Kansas
1216:Hawaii
1171:Alaska
1001:Thomas
836:Senate
731:Policy
582:Senate
550:Senate
532:
514:
496:
459:
441:
430:
417:Senate
359: (
313: (
290: (
270:since
264: (
194:Senate
190:Houses
21811:Texts
21760:Media
21608:Aruba
21495:Haiti
21435:Chile
21123:Spain
21078:Palau
21033:Kenya
21018:Japan
21003:Italy
20988:Haiti
20978:Gabon
20933:Chile
20845:Sudan
20815:Nepal
20800:India
20790:Egypt
20679:Index
20504:Crime
20374:Aging
20191:Names
20186:Music
20174:radio
20154:Media
19984:Dance
19974:Crime
19809:Trade
19566:Mayor
19515:Clerk
19483:Local
19225:State
18744:Yukon
18587:Rocky
18572:peaks
17580:Texas
17205:Maine
17093:Idaho
16759:118th
16754:117th
16749:116th
16744:115th
16739:114th
16734:113th
16729:112th
16724:111th
16719:110th
16714:109th
16709:108th
16704:107th
16699:106th
16694:105th
16689:104th
16393:Texas
15985:Maine
15866:Idaho
14804:Other
14754:House
14556:Crypt
14365:Board
14360:Pages
14335:Clerk
14318:House
14299:Pages
14215:House
14141:Board
14033:Media
13915:Items
13666:Rider
13567:House
13466:Trial
13243:House
13144:House
13029:House
13008:Chair
12986:Chair
12720:House
12582:119th
12578:118th
12574:117th
12276:S2CID
12139:(PDF)
12132:(PDF)
10357:(PDF)
10346:(PDF)
9263:(PDF)
9256:(PDF)
8231:(PDF)
8224:(PDF)
6493:S2CID
5148:Maine
5130:Notes
4476:paygo
4462:, an
4410:chair
4343:Bills
3962:Power
3856:House
3308:Nixon
3182:like
3136:Trump
2770:that
2594:Most
2551:have
1868:Japan
1863:India
1858:China
1736:Mayor
1679:State
1541:Black
1501:Green
1376:Texas
1256:Maine
1221:Idaho
1016:Kagan
1006:Alito
596:Next
580:Next
564:Last
548:Last
519:(211)
501:(220)
376:Seats
21777:News
21530:Peru
21450:Cuba
21073:Oman
20243:Race
20088:list
20083:Flag
19622:list
19466:list
19377:list
19317:list
19270:list
19258:list
19234:and
19179:Navy
19169:Army
19039:list
18751:Time
18631:Gulf
17971:2024
17964:2023
17957:2022
17950:2021
17943:2020
17936:2019
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