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Finland
Swedish mostly has the same vocabulary as Swedish in Sweden, and there is a conscious effort to adopt neologisms from Sweden, to maintain cohesion between the two varieties. Nevertheless, there are differences, which generally fall into two categories: words now considered archaic in Sweden,
555:. Official Swedish is not supposed to be very different from Swedish as found in Sweden. There are however e.g. words regarded as archaic in Sweden, but commonly used in Finland, and terms that differ from their counterparts in Sweden, often because of slight differences in the related legislation.
343:
accent, something that can be a considerable source of frustration to most native
Swedish-speakers in Finland. Any language adopts features, especially pronunciation habits, from dominant languages it comes in touch with, but many of the traits of Finland Swedish exist also in monolingual areas and
558:
Bilingualism of municipalities is regulated by the
Language Act of 2003. If the minority has increased into at least 3,000 persons or 8% of inhabitants, then the municipality must become bilingual. If the minority has fallen below 3,000 persons and 6% of inhabitants, then the municipality becomes
327:
from
Finnish are frequently incorporated into Finland Swedish. There are also some words in Finland Swedish that would be considered slightly archaic in Sweden. Some government and public service terms that have been created in recent centuries also differ. The same is true of other new words,
264:
are practically unintelligible to
Swedish-speaking people in southern Finland (and in Sweden). Most Swedish-speaking Finns emphasize that Finland Swedish is not a separate language from the Swedish of Sweden. The Swedish dialects in Finland are considered varieties of Swedish, and the norm for
527:
Swedish is one of the two official and national languages of the
Republic of Finland, the other being Finnish. These two languages have formally equal status in nearly all legislation, though the status of Swedish in Finland has long been a subject of sociopolitical debate. The other minority
547:: traffic signs are both in Finnish and Swedish. In Siuntio, where the majority of people speak Finnish, the signs are written first in Finnish. In IngÄ, the majority language is Swedish, which is reflected in the traffic signs being written in Swedish first.
311:
has also been cited as such. However, as there are no official statistics on the mother tongue of inhabitants of Sweden, this is impossible to verify. In addition bilingualism is very common for immigrants in Sweden, so the term
711:, which distinguishes some minimal pairs in most dialects of Swedish and Norwegian, is not present in Finland Swedish (except around the parish of Snappertuna, west of Helsinki). Hence, Central Swedish
502:(in Swedish Helsingfors) became predominantly Finnish-speaking as recently as around 1900. A large and important part of the Swedish-speaking population nevertheless lives in the capital.
513:
are to be considered a kind of
Finland Swedish or not. Most Swedish-speaking Finns and linguists consider them to be closer to some of the dialects spoken in nearby parts of Sweden.
759:
from
Finnish or independently borrowed from other languages (nowadays mostly English). There are also some terms differing because of differing legislation.
288:. This regulation includes the officially stated aim of keeping Finland Swedish close to the Swedish as spoken in Sweden and strongly phrased advice against
924:
Hult, F. M.; PietikÀinen, S. (2014). "Shaping discourses of multilingualism through a language ideological debate: The case of
Swedish in Finland".
490:'s population in December 2019) living mostly in the coastal areas of southern, south-western, and western Finland. During the 20th century, the
1514:
269:
is completely applicable also for
Finland Swedish. Today, Swedish dialects are spoken in four different regions in Finland: Ostrobothnia,
843:
898:
378:
More than 17,000 Swedish-speaking Finns live in officially monolingual Finnish municipalities, and are thus not represented on the map.
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is an exception, being monolingually Swedish-speaking according to international treaties. It is a matter of definition whether the
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monolingual, unless it decides to keep its bilingual status. At present, only one such municipality has done so, namely
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17:
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From the 16th century, Swedish was the main language of jurisdiction, administration and higher education in
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outside of these sectors of society, i.e. in normal, daily life. In 1809, when Finland was conquered by the
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472:
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685:
633:
629:
1596:
1524:
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640:). That should be compared to the Central Swedish , which is very close to the short vowel and is more
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in Swedish). The status is reviewed once in a decade, and enacted by a government decree issued by the
369:
1690:
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is more centralized and pronounced like , quite similar to how many speakers of English pronounce
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It is said that the municipality with the highest proportion of Swedish speakers in the world,
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In the spoken vernacular, especially among young people in Finnish-dominated areas, Finnish
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455:, Swedish remained the only official language. In 1863, both Finnish and Swedish became
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1361:
597:
111:
985:(in Swedish). Helsingfors: Schildt & Forskningscentralen för de inhemska sprÄken.
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precedes a coronal consonant does not occur in certain pairs in Finland Swedish (e.g.
177:
1618:
1425:
1332:
1084:
Ringen, Catherine; Kari Suomi (2012). "The voicing contrast in Fenno-Swedish stops".
986:
961:
878:
483:
468:
456:
421:
274:
185:
1356:
873:
Haggren, Georg; Halinen, Petri; Lavento, Mika; Raninen, Sami; Wessman, Anna (2015).
701:
1382:
1346:
1314:
1299:
1289:
1275:
1093:
933:
813:
776:
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628:), Finland Swedish is not particularly different from Central Swedish. The phoneme
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has led to large majorities of Finnish speakers in all major cities. The capital
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and some of its coastal regions. This colonisation led to the beginning of the
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stops one of voicing only. The retroflexion that occurs in many dialects when
608:
1669:
1304:
670:
464:
60:
960:. JyvÀskylÀ Studies in Humanities. Vol. 298. University of JyvÀskylÀ.
937:
712:
708:
669:. In the Ă
land Islands, its realization is similar to the velar (and often
491:
284:
Swedish as spoken in Finland is regulated by the Swedish Department of the
1062:
1481:
252:
For the most part, these dialects and the dialects spoken in Sweden are
1654:
1241:â a collection of dialect samples of Swedish including Finland Swedish
742:, which is realized as in Standard Swedish but in Finland Swedish).
308:
1639:
1476:
1322:
818:
689:
593:
479:
353:
170:
158:
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625:
471:, Finnish clearly dominated in government and society. See further:
395: Bilingual municipalities with Swedish as the majority language
389: Bilingual municipalities with Finnish as the majority language
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present in Central Standard Swedish, making the contrast between
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1113:"Finns det supradentala konsonanter Àven i finlandssvenskan?"
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varies between and on the Finnish mainland, often close to
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872:
383: Officially monolingual Finnish-speaking municipalities
344:
some are in fact preserved features of Old Swedish, as with
951:
Kolu, Jaana; Kuronen, Mikko; Palviainen, Ă
sa, eds. (2016).
424:
in the 12th to 14th centuries. Colonisation focused on the
1402:
1395:
1388:
981:
HÀllström-Reijonen, Charlotta af; Reuter, Mikael (2008).
673:) pronunciations of nearby parts of Sweden. The historic
577:
401: Monolingual Swedish-speaking municipalities (Ă
land)
1122:(in Swedish). Hallgren & Fallgren. pp. 172â177.
339:
is that Finland Swedish is simply Swedish spoken with a
950:
766:
1160:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
65:Unofficial flag of the Swedish-speakers in Finland
1667:
1083:
723:("the spirit") are both pronounced in Finland.
580:, provides two Swedish-language radio stations,
300:, which are usually incomprehensible to Swedes.
923:
692:or in all Finland Swedish dialects, close to
1260:
616:With the exception of the dialects spoken in
564:
50:
539:Border between bilingual municipalities of
1267:
1253:
1038:"Yngre man, BrÀndö: Brandlarm pÄ Nordsjön"
59:
1220:Learn how and when to remove this message
877:. Helsinki: Gaudeamus. pp. 420â421.
866:
307:(93% as of 2017), is located in Finland.
607:
534:
373:
1110:
14:
1668:
1573:Institute for the Languages of Finland
704:, in which it is a simple fricative .
553:Institute for the Languages of Finland
459:with equal status, and by the time of
430:Swedish-speaking population of Finland
286:Institute for the Languages of Finland
1248:
1016:"Ăldre man, BrĂ€ndö: Har Ă€tit sĂ€lkött"
27:Dialects of Swedish spoken in Finland
1274:
1158:adding citations to reliable sources
1129:
901:. History of Finland. Archived from
899:"The Era of Swedish Rule, 1150-1809"
551:Finland Swedish is regulated by the
681:sound, in modern Central Swedish a
620:along the west coast, close to the
24:
677:sound before front vowels and the
588:. The Swedish-language TV channel
576:The country's public broadcaster,
516:
505:The autonomous island province of
335:A common misconception among many
25:
1702:
1305:Ukrainian Swedish (Gammalsvenska)
1232:
370:History of Swedish-speaking Finns
1134:
926:Journal of Language and Politics
783:
769:
624:(example: the dialect spoken in
511:Swedish dialects spoken on Ă
land
482:country with a Swedish-speaking
416:Finland Swedish was a result of
316:may be deceptive in that sense.
1145:needs additional citations for
1104:
1077:
844:"Professor Catherine O. Ringen"
418:Swedish colonisation of Finland
241:, commonly also referred to as
229:and a closely related group of
1030:
1008:
999:
974:
944:
917:
891:
850:. May 11, 2011. Archived from
836:
478:Finland has since then been a
74:Western and southern coast of
13:
1:
1614:Swedish as a foreign language
829:
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532:) are regulated separately.
7:
1597:Svenska Akademiens ordlista
1515:Reformation and Renaissance
762:
239:Swedish-speaking population
10:
1707:
1098:10.1016/j.wocn.2012.02.010
726:Finland Swedish lacks the
520:
439:(which was then a part of
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1632:
1606:
1590:Svenska Akademiens ordbok
1581:
1555:
1500:
1447:
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612:Finland Swedish dialects.
473:Finland's language strife
451:and became an autonomous
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85:
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1568:Swedish Language Council
1462:Germanic parent language
1120:Svenskans beskrivning 26
571:Finnish Council of State
411:bilingual municipalities
30:Not to be confused with
1467:Proto-Germanic language
1111:Kuronen, Mikko (2003).
1005:Kielilaki 6.6.2003/423
328:notably loanwords from
1624:Swedish for immigrants
938:10.1075/jlp.13.1.01hul
848:The University of Iowa
809:Swedish-speaking Finns
613:
565:
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461:Finland's independence
413:
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1650:Swedish Sign Language
983:Finlandssvensk ordbok
954:Svenskan i Finland 16
875:Muinaisuutemme jÀljet
611:
538:
521:Further information:
496:Industrial Revolution
377:
254:mutually intelligible
1681:Languages of Finland
1492:Contemporary Swedish
1154:improve this article
1086:Journal of Phonetics
1065:. swedia.ling.gu.se/
1018:. swedia.ling.gu.se/
799:Languages of Finland
732:"fortis" and "lenis"
647:The highly variable
523:Languages of Finland
1457:Proto-Indo-European
598:Yle Teema & Fem
528:languages (such as
426:Finnish archipelago
356:in comparison with
348:in comparison with
1042:swedia.ling.gu.se/
854:on 26 October 2014
700:, except for some
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457:official languages
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1619:Mandatory Swedish
1283:National variants
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1169:"Finland Swedish"
992:978-951-50-1749-9
967:978-951-39-6828-1
719:("the duck") and
709:tonal word accent
469:Fennoman movement
463:in 1917, after a
422:Northern Crusades
275:Southwest Finland
196:
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121:East Scandinavian
16:(Redirected from
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1691:Swedish dialects
1686:Swedish language
1439:Dialect Alphabet
1338:Ăstsvenska mĂ„l:
1300:Estonian Swedish
1290:Standard Swedish
1276:Swedish language
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1063:"snabbmeny"
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721:/ÇndÉn/
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