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European System of Central Banks

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The ESCB is composed of the European Central Bank and the national central banks of all 27 member states of the EU. The first section of the following list lists member states and their central banks that form the Eurosystem (plus the ECB), which set eurozone monetary policy. The second section lists
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The General Council comprises the President and the Vice-President and the governors of the NCBs of all 27 member states. The General Council performs the tasks which the ECB took over from the EMI and which, owing to the derogation of one or more member states, still have to be performed in Stage
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The executive board comprises the President, the Vice-President and four other members, all chosen from among persons of recognized standing and professional experience in monetary or banking matters. They are appointed by common accord of the governments of the member states at the level of the
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Formulate the monetary policy of the eurozone, including, as appropriate, decisions relating to intermediate monetary objectives, key interest rates, and the supply of reserves in the Eurosystem
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Implement monetary policy in accordance with the guidelines and decisions laid down by the Governing Council of the ECB and, in doing so, to give the necessary instructions to the NCBs
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of eight years (a system of staggered appointments was used for the first executive board for members other than the President in order to ensure continuity)
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The Statute of the ESCB makes provision for the following measures to ensure security of tenure for NCB governors and members of the Executive Board:
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Taking of measures relating to the establishment of the key for the ECB's capital subscription other than those already laid down in the Treaty
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Necessary preparations for irrevocably fixing the exchange rates of the currencies of the member states with a derogation against the euro
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The Governing Council comprises all the members of the executive board and the governors of the NCBs of the member states without a
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Establishment of the necessary rules for standardising the accounting and reporting of operations undertaken by the NCBs
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Adopt the guidelines and take the decisions necessary to ensure the performance of the tasks entrusted to the Eurosystem
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Removal from office is only possible in the event of incapacity or serious misconduct; in this respect the
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Execute those powers which have been delegated to it by the Governing Council of the ECB
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Minimum renewable term of office for national central bank governors of five years
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Most common name for post, also used: President, Chairman or General Secretary
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Laying-down of the conditions of employment of the members of staff of the ECB
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Authority for European Political Parties and European Political Foundations
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throughout the EU, and improve monetary and financial cooperation between
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member states and their central banks that maintain separate currencies.
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is centralized through the decision-making bodies of the ECB, namely the
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Agencies, decentralised independent bodies and joint undertakings
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and the Governing Council of the ECB (i.e., the Council of the
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Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union
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Heads of State or Government, on a recommendation from the
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Establish the necessary guidelines for their implementation
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for the eurozone and the implementation of such decisions.
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Economic and Financial Affairs configuration of the Council
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International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
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Minimum non-renewable term of office for members of the
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International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
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The General Council also contributes to: 1256:Committee on Budgetary Control of the Parliament 1433:European Institute of Innovation and Technology 535:Countries with suspended accession negotiations 5521: 7185:Central banks and currencies of the Caribbean 6990: 6713: 5644: 4614: 7195:Central banks and currencies of the Americas 7180:Central banks and currencies of Asia-Pacific 3358:Political groups of the European Parliament 1429:Decentralised independent bodies of the EU 6997: 6983: 6720: 6706: 6639:European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism 5651: 5637: 4661:and non-eurozone member states of the EU. 4621: 4607: 1532:Publications Office of the European Union 7152:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency 3955:European System of Financial Supervision 1251:Internal Audit Service of the Commission 4749:Preparation of the ECB's annual reports 4641:) is an institution that comprises the 4461:United Kingdom–European Union relations 2386:Non Euro countries relationship to Euro 7208: 7190:Central banks and currencies of Europe 7175:Central banks and currencies of Africa 7025:Basel Committee on Banking Supervision 4781:Court of Justice of the European Union 4669:The process of decision-making in the 4483:United States–European Union relations 1502:European Economic and Social Committee 7142:International Development Association 6978: 6701: 6634:European Financial Stability Facility 5825:Euro interbank offered rate (Euribor) 5632: 5623:Organisation and operation of the ECB 4746:Collection of statistical information 4506:European Union and the United Nations 4038:Foreign relations of EU member states 6026:Coins by country with minting rights 5509:from the original on 6 December 2022 4511:European Union Association Agreement 4446:Switzerland–European Union relations 3343:Elections to the European Parliament 6208:French Southern and Antarctic Lands 4783:is competent to settle any disputes 4651:member states of the European Union 4416:Kazakhstan–European Union relations 1967:Nuclear power in the European Union 1542:European Personnel Selection Office 1477:European Data Protection Supervisor 1438:European Public Prosecutor's Office 13: 7020:Bank for International Settlements 6437:European Monetary Cooperation Fund 5835:European payments initiative (EPI) 5625:CVCE (Centre for European Studies) 5499:"European System of Central Banks" 4570:Convention on the Future of Europe 4501:Microstates and the European Union 4381:Australia–European Union relations 4371:Argentina–European Union relations 3319: 3315:Microstates and the European Union 2896: 2864:Non-Schengen area EU member states 2430: 1971: 604:Withdrawal from the European Union 14: 7227: 7147:International Finance Corporation 7004: 5560: 5308:Non-eurozone (outside Eurosystem) 4653:(EU). Its objective is to ensure 4548:European Coal and Steel Community 1512:European Union Military Committee 1497:European Committee of the Regions 1400:Decentralised agencies of the EU 1128:Member of the European Parliament 799:Abandoned treaties and agreements 7216:European System of Central Banks 6958: 6949: 6948: 6931:European System of Central Banks 6736: 6680: 6668: 6656: 5830:Single euro payments area (SEPA) 5733:European System of Central Banks 5607:European System of Central Banks 5600: 5586: 5574: 5461: 5438: 5415: 5392: 5362: 5339: 5315: 5285: 5262: 5239: 5216: 5193: 5170: 5147: 5126: 5103: 5080: 5057: 5033: 5010: 4987: 4964: 4941: 4918: 4895: 4865: 4842: 4818: 4635:European System of Central Banks 4581: 4456:Ukraine–European Union relations 4431:Moldova–European Union relations 4411:Iceland–European Union relations 4406:Georgia–European Union relations 4376:Armenia–European Union relations 4356: 4344: 4332: 4320: 4308: 4296: 4284: 4272: 4260: 4248: 4236: 4224: 4212: 4200: 4188: 4176: 4164: 4152: 4140: 4128: 4116: 4104: 4092: 4080: 4068: 4056: 4044: 3765: 3753: 3741: 3729: 3717: 3705: 3693: 3681: 3669: 3657: 3645: 3633: 3621: 3609: 3597: 3585: 3573: 3561: 3549: 3537: 3525: 3513: 3501: 3489: 3477: 3465: 3453: 3284: 3271: 3258: 3238: 3226: 3214: 3202: 3190: 3178: 3166: 3154: 3142: 3130: 3118: 3106: 3094: 3082: 3070: 3058: 3046: 3034: 3022: 3010: 2998: 2986: 2974: 2961: 2949: 2937: 2925: 2883: 2870: 2857:Visa policy of the Schengen Area 2826: 2813: 2800: 2787: 2766: 2753: 2740: 2727: 2714: 2701: 2688: 2675: 2662: 2649: 2636: 2623: 2610: 2597: 2584: 2571: 2558: 2545: 2532: 2519: 2506: 2493: 2480: 2467: 2454: 2359: 2347: 2335: 2323: 2311: 2299: 2287: 2260: 2230: 2218: 2206: 2194: 2182: 2170: 2158: 2146: 2134: 2122: 2110: 2098: 2086: 2074: 2062: 2050: 2038: 2026: 2014: 2002: 1951: 1938: 1916: 1903: 1890: 1877: 1864: 1851: 1838: 1825: 1812: 1799: 1786: 1773: 1760: 1747: 1734: 1721: 1708: 1695: 1682: 1669: 1656: 1643: 1630: 1617: 1604: 1591: 1578: 1537:European External Action Service 1507:Political and Security Committee 1414:European Supervisory Authorities 944: 791:European Economic Area Agreement 564: 542: 520: 508: 496: 484: 472: 460: 448: 436: 412: 399: 386: 373: 360: 347: 334: 321: 308: 295: 282: 269: 256: 243: 230: 217: 204: 191: 178: 165: 152: 139: 126: 113: 100: 87: 74: 49: 5658: 4787: 4664: 4451:Turkey–European Union relations 4441:Russia–European Union relations 4436:Norway–European Union relations 4426:Mexico–European Union relations 4391:Canada–European Union relations 4386:Brazil–European Union relations 3911:Passports of the European Union 2901:Schengen Area from January 2023 7051:Contractionary monetary policy 5547: 5491: 4421:Japan–European Union relations 4396:China–European Union relations 1552:European Administrative School 1448:European Data Protection Board 1333:European Investment Bank Group 42:Politics of the European Union 1: 6840:Oesterreichische Nationalbank 5810:Economy of the European Union 5158:Banque centrale du Luxembourg 4853:Oesterreichische Nationalbank 4811:Eurozone members (Eurosystem) 4401:European Union–NATO relations 3447:Elections in EU member states 3378:Referendums related to the EU 1373:European University Institute 1367:European University Institute 594:Germany–Netherlands relations 7056:Expansionary monetary policy 5940:2 € commemorative coins 5774:European Stability Mechanism 3938:European Banking Supervision 1976:Euratom since 1 January 2021 1423:Executive agencies of the EU 1360:European Stability Mechanism 1354:European Stability Mechanism 19:Not to be confused with the 7: 7122:International Monetary Fund 6447:European Monetary Institute 5003:François Villeroy de Galhau 4795: 4737:Economic and Monetary Union 4721:European Monetary Institute 4715:after it has consulted the 4553:European Economic Community 3943:Single Resolution Mechanism 3310:EEA National Identity cards 2847:Schengen Information System 2379:Enlargement of the eurozone 1988:Economic and Monetary Union 1444:Corporate bodies of the EU 1062:Council preparatory bodies 811:UK membership renegotiation 10: 7232: 6825:Central Bank of Luxembourg 6301:Other extant EU currencies 6147:Monetary agreement with EU 5449:Banca Națională a României 5328:(Bulgarska Narodna Banka) 1526:Inter-institutional bodies 1271:Public Prosecutor's Office 1238:European Court of Auditors 1231:European Court of Auditors 1184:Court of Justice of the EU 18: 7162: 7110: 7069: 7038: 7030:Financial Stability Board 7012: 6944: 6914: 6868: 6850:National Bank of Slovakia 6746: 6651: 6626: 6495: 6475: 6382: 6373: 6333: 6309: 6298: 6274:Countries and territories 6271: 6221: 6203:Saint Pierre and Miquelon 6182: 6145: 6032: 6025: 5973: 5945:Other commemorative coins 5890: 5883: 5850: 5797: 5769:Stability and Growth Pact 5761: 5715: 5667: 5618:ECB – The General Council 5454:Mugur Constantin Isărescu 5306: 4809: 4588:European Union portal 1191:European Court of Justice 618:Treaties and Declarations 584:Belgium–Germany relations 6936:European Investment Bank 6901:National Bank of Romania 6765:National Bank of Belgium 6627:Former fiscal provisions 6397:European Monetary System 6187:using euro per agreement 5484: 4876:National Bank of Belgium 4743:ECB's advisory functions 1471:Other independent bodies 916:Legislative institutions 889:College of Commissioners 869:Von der Leyen Commission 589:France–Germany relations 31:This article is part of 6896:National Bank of Poland 6891:Hungarian National Bank 6876:Bulgarian National Bank 6805:Central Bank of Ireland 6276:using euro unilaterally 5789:European Fiscal Compact 5326:Българска Народна Банка 5250:Národná banka Slovenska 5068:Central Bank of Ireland 2852:Visa Information System 2280:Other currencies in use 1071:Council Working Parties 6775:Central Bank of Cyprus 6770:Croatian National Bank 6503:European Currency Unit 6189:without minting rights 5685:European banking union 5301:Pablo Hernández de Cos 5046:(Trapeza tis Ellados) 4929:Central Bank of Cyprus 4906:Hrvatska narodna banka 4647:national central banks 4565:Western European Union 3933:European banking union 3869:European Single Market 3438:2024 (latest election) 3325: 3324:European Economic Area 2913:European Economic Area 2902: 2436: 1977: 1403:Single market agencies 824:Executive institutions 764:Treaties of succession 455:Bosnia and Herzegovina 7170:List of central banks 7102:Sovereign wealth fund 7097:Open market operation 6926:European Central Bank 6886:Danmarks Nationalbank 6835:De Nederlandsche Bank 6830:Central Bank of Malta 6674:European Union portal 6223:Potential adoption by 6213:Akrotiri and Dhekelia 5960:Europa coin programme 5723:European Central Bank 5680:Capital Markets Union 5613:European Central Bank 5373:Danmarks Nationalbank 5204:De Nederlandsche Bank 5181:Central Bank of Malta 4830:European Central Bank 4643:European Central Bank 3950:Capital Markets Union 3862:Free Trade Agreements 3323: 2900: 2434: 1975: 1284:European Central Bank 1245:Other auditory bodies 1225:Auditory institutions 1178:Judicial institutions 923:Legislative procedure 805:European Constitution 729:Treaties of accession 6496:Preceding currencies 6462:European debt crisis 5852:International status 5609:at Wikimedia Commons 5535:on 14 September 2008 5426:Narodowy Bank Polski 4713:Council of Ministers 4542:European Communities 3982:Enhanced cooperation 3353:European foundations 2970:(provisional member) 1519:EU/ESA Space Council 1386:Unified Patent Court 1380:Unified Patent Court 1166:National parliaments 1056:Directorates-general 7046:Capital requirement 6881:Czech National Bank 6780:Deutsche Bundesbank 6477:Previous EU members 6391:Snake in the tunnel 5842:Euro Currency Index 5505:. 1 February 2015. 5403:Magyar Nemzeti Bank 5350:Česká národní banka 5044:Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος 5021:Deutsche Bundesbank 4934:Crystalla Giorkatzi 4717:European Parliament 4021:Ext. Action Service 4006:High Representative 3972:European Federation 3846:Policies and issues 3305:EEA Joint Committee 2435:Eurozone since 2015 1457:Joint undertakings 1081:European Parliament 862:European Commission 685:Treaty of Amsterdam 673:Single European Act 625:Schuman Declaration 579:Special territories 557:Applicant countries 429:Candidate countries 6686:Numismatics portal 6508:Austrian schilling 6185:Non-EU territories 5860:Proposed eurobonds 4560:European Community 4491:Common Travel Area 3977:Multi-speed Europe 3834:Fundamental Rights 3385:European elections 3326: 2903: 2437: 1978: 1482:European Ombudsman 959:July–December 2024 785:Schengen Agreement 697:Berlin Declaration 667:Solemn Declaration 637:Europe Declaration 7203: 7202: 6972: 6971: 6906:Sveriges Riksbank 6845:Banco de Portugal 6820:Bank of Lithuania 6758: 6695: 6694: 6647: 6646: 6593:Portuguese escudo 6369: 6368: 6178: 6177: 6021: 6020: 5950:Identifying marks 5805:Economy of Europe 5762:Fiscal provisions 5605:Media related to 5482: 5481: 5472:Sveriges Riksbank 5227:Banco de Portugal 5141:Gediminas Šimkus 5050:Yannis Stournaras 4835:Christine Lagarde 4675:Governing Council 4649:(NCBs) of all 27 4631: 4630: 3999:Foreign relations 1932:Associated states 1547:Anti-Fraud Office 1266:Anti-Fraud Office 1201:Advocates General 1047:Secretary-General 931:Council of the EU 899:Secretary-General 679:Maastricht Treaty 16:EU executive body 7223: 7127:World Bank Group 6999: 6992: 6985: 6976: 6975: 6962: 6952: 6951: 6869:Outside Eurozone 6855:Bank of Slovenia 6795:Banque de France 6753:(Members of the 6752: 6741: 6740: 6722: 6715: 6708: 6699: 6698: 6684: 6672: 6660: 6598:Sammarinese lira 6588:Monégasque franc 6578:Luxembourg franc 6573:Lithuanian litas 6442:Delors Committee 6431: 6425: 6420: 6414: 6409: 6403: 6380: 6379: 6346:Hungarian forint 6313: 6307: 6306: 6198:Saint Barthélemy 6030: 6029: 5888: 5887: 5865:Reserve currency 5653: 5646: 5639: 5630: 5629: 5604: 5591: 5590: 5589: 5579: 5578: 5577: 5570: 5554: 5551: 5545: 5544: 5542: 5540: 5531:. Archived from 5525: 5519: 5518: 5516: 5514: 5495: 5467: 5465: 5464: 5444: 5442: 5441: 5421: 5419: 5418: 5398: 5396: 5395: 5386: 5368: 5366: 5365: 5345: 5343: 5342: 5321: 5319: 5318: 5291: 5289: 5288: 5268: 5266: 5265: 5245: 5243: 5242: 5222: 5220: 5219: 5199: 5197: 5196: 5176: 5174: 5173: 5153: 5151: 5150: 5132: 5130: 5129: 5109: 5107: 5106: 5086: 5084: 5083: 5073:Gabriel Makhlouf 5063: 5061: 5060: 5039: 5037: 5036: 5016: 5014: 5013: 4998:Banque de France 4993: 4991: 4990: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4947: 4945: 4944: 4924: 4922: 4921: 4901: 4899: 4898: 4889: 4871: 4869: 4868: 4848: 4846: 4845: 4823: 4822: 4796: 4623: 4616: 4609: 4586: 4585: 4584: 4361: 4360: 4349: 4348: 4337: 4336: 4325: 4324: 4313: 4312: 4301: 4300: 4289: 4288: 4277: 4276: 4265: 4264: 4253: 4252: 4241: 4240: 4229: 4228: 4217: 4216: 4205: 4204: 4193: 4192: 4181: 4180: 4169: 4168: 4157: 4156: 4145: 4144: 4133: 4132: 4121: 4120: 4109: 4108: 4097: 4096: 4085: 4084: 4073: 4072: 4061: 4060: 4049: 4048: 3967:Supranationalism 3874:Area of FS&J 3770: 3769: 3758: 3757: 3746: 3745: 3734: 3733: 3722: 3721: 3710: 3709: 3698: 3697: 3686: 3685: 3674: 3673: 3662: 3661: 3650: 3649: 3638: 3637: 3626: 3625: 3614: 3613: 3602: 3601: 3590: 3589: 3578: 3577: 3566: 3565: 3554: 3553: 3542: 3541: 3530: 3529: 3518: 3517: 3506: 3505: 3494: 3493: 3482: 3481: 3470: 3469: 3458: 3457: 3348:European parties 3289: 3288: 3287: 3276: 3275: 3274: 3263: 3262: 3261: 3243: 3242: 3231: 3230: 3219: 3218: 3207: 3206: 3195: 3194: 3183: 3182: 3171: 3170: 3159: 3158: 3147: 3146: 3135: 3134: 3123: 3122: 3111: 3110: 3099: 3098: 3087: 3086: 3075: 3074: 3063: 3062: 3051: 3050: 3039: 3038: 3027: 3026: 3015: 3014: 3003: 3002: 2991: 2990: 2979: 2978: 2966: 2965: 2954: 2953: 2942: 2941: 2930: 2929: 2888: 2887: 2886: 2875: 2874: 2873: 2831: 2830: 2829: 2818: 2817: 2816: 2805: 2804: 2803: 2792: 2791: 2790: 2771: 2770: 2769: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2745: 2744: 2743: 2732: 2731: 2730: 2719: 2718: 2717: 2706: 2705: 2704: 2693: 2692: 2691: 2680: 2679: 2678: 2667: 2666: 2665: 2654: 2653: 2652: 2641: 2640: 2639: 2628: 2627: 2626: 2615: 2614: 2613: 2602: 2601: 2600: 2589: 2588: 2587: 2576: 2575: 2574: 2563: 2562: 2561: 2550: 2549: 2548: 2537: 2536: 2535: 2524: 2523: 2522: 2511: 2510: 2509: 2498: 2497: 2496: 2485: 2484: 2483: 2472: 2471: 2470: 2459: 2458: 2457: 2364: 2363: 2352: 2351: 2340: 2339: 2330:Hungarian forint 2328: 2327: 2316: 2315: 2304: 2303: 2292: 2291: 2265: 2264: 2235: 2234: 2223: 2222: 2211: 2210: 2199: 2198: 2187: 2186: 2175: 2174: 2163: 2162: 2151: 2150: 2139: 2138: 2127: 2126: 2115: 2114: 2103: 2102: 2091: 2090: 2079: 2078: 2067: 2066: 2055: 2054: 2043: 2042: 2031: 2030: 2019: 2018: 2007: 2006: 1995:Eurozone members 1956: 1955: 1954: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1921: 1920: 1919: 1908: 1907: 1906: 1895: 1894: 1893: 1882: 1881: 1880: 1869: 1868: 1867: 1856: 1855: 1854: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1830: 1829: 1828: 1817: 1816: 1815: 1804: 1803: 1802: 1791: 1790: 1789: 1778: 1777: 1776: 1765: 1764: 1763: 1752: 1751: 1750: 1739: 1738: 1737: 1726: 1725: 1724: 1713: 1712: 1711: 1700: 1699: 1698: 1687: 1686: 1685: 1674: 1673: 1672: 1661: 1660: 1659: 1648: 1647: 1646: 1635: 1634: 1633: 1622: 1621: 1620: 1609: 1608: 1607: 1596: 1595: 1594: 1583: 1582: 1581: 1426:Euratom agencies 1051:Thérèse Blanchet 949: 948: 852:List of meetings 830:European Council 703:Treaty of Lisbon 569: 568: 547: 546: 525: 524: 513: 512: 501: 500: 489: 488: 477: 476: 465: 464: 453: 452: 441: 440: 417: 416: 415: 404: 403: 402: 391: 390: 389: 378: 377: 376: 365: 364: 363: 352: 351: 350: 339: 338: 337: 326: 325: 324: 313: 312: 311: 300: 299: 298: 287: 286: 285: 274: 273: 272: 261: 260: 259: 248: 247: 246: 235: 234: 233: 222: 221: 220: 209: 208: 207: 196: 195: 194: 183: 182: 181: 170: 169: 168: 157: 156: 155: 144: 143: 142: 131: 130: 129: 118: 117: 116: 105: 104: 103: 92: 91: 90: 79: 78: 77: 53: 28: 27: 7231: 7230: 7226: 7225: 7224: 7222: 7221: 7220: 7206: 7205: 7204: 7199: 7158: 7113: 7106: 7077:Capital control 7065: 7034: 7008: 7003: 6973: 6968: 6940: 6918:EU institutions 6916: 6915:Banking-related 6910: 6864: 6790:Bank of Finland 6785:Bank of Estonia 6751: 6742: 6735: 6726: 6696: 6691: 6643: 6622: 6608:Slovenian tolar 6491: 6480: 6478: 6471: 6457:Black Wednesday 6427: 6423: 6416: 6412: 6405: 6401: 6365: 6329: 6311: 6303: 6294: 6278: 6275: 6267: 6226: 6225:other countries 6224: 6217: 6191: 6188: 6186: 6174: 6141: 6017: 5969: 5879: 5846: 5820:Euro calculator 5793: 5757: 5711: 5663: 5657: 5597: 5587: 5585: 5575: 5573: 5565: 5563: 5558: 5557: 5552: 5548: 5538: 5536: 5527: 5526: 5522: 5512: 5510: 5497: 5496: 5492: 5487: 5462: 5460: 5439: 5437: 5416: 5414: 5408:György Matolcsy 5393: 5391: 5380: 5363: 5361: 5346:Czech Republic 5340: 5338: 5316: 5314: 5296:Banco de España 5286: 5284: 5273:Banka Slovenije 5263: 5261: 5240: 5238: 5217: 5215: 5194: 5192: 5186:Edward Scicluna 5171: 5169: 5163:Gaston Reinesch 5148: 5146: 5137:Lietuvos bankas 5127: 5125: 5104: 5102: 5081: 5079: 5058: 5056: 5034: 5032: 5011: 5009: 4988: 4986: 4965: 4963: 4942: 4940: 4919: 4917: 4896: 4894: 4883: 4866: 4864: 4858:Robert Holzmann 4843: 4841: 4817: 4790: 4774:Executive Board 4687:monetary policy 4679:Executive Board 4667: 4655:price stability 4627: 4598: 4594:Other countries 4582: 4580: 4575: 4574: 4537: 4529: 4528: 4515: 4487: 4367: 4355: 4343: 4331: 4319: 4307: 4295: 4283: 4271: 4259: 4247: 4235: 4223: 4211: 4199: 4187: 4175: 4163: 4151: 4139: 4127: 4115: 4103: 4091: 4079: 4067: 4055: 4043: 4040: 4035: 4017: 4009: 4001: 3991: 3990: 3921:Pro-Europeanism 3847: 3839: 3838: 3787: 3777: 3776: 3764: 3752: 3740: 3728: 3716: 3704: 3692: 3680: 3668: 3656: 3644: 3632: 3620: 3608: 3596: 3584: 3572: 3560: 3548: 3536: 3524: 3512: 3500: 3488: 3476: 3464: 3452: 3449: 3444: 3443: 3442: 3387: 3382: 3363:Spitzenkandidat 3338: 3328: 3327: 3301: 3296: 3285: 3283: 3272: 3270: 3259: 3257: 3254: 3249: 3237: 3225: 3213: 3201: 3189: 3177: 3165: 3153: 3141: 3129: 3117: 3105: 3093: 3081: 3069: 3057: 3045: 3033: 3021: 3009: 2997: 2985: 2973: 2960: 2948: 2936: 2924: 2921: 2915: 2905: 2904: 2884: 2882: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2861: 2842:Prüm Convention 2838: 2827: 2825: 2814: 2812: 2801: 2799: 2788: 2786: 2783: 2778: 2767: 2765: 2754: 2752: 2741: 2739: 2728: 2726: 2715: 2713: 2702: 2700: 2689: 2687: 2676: 2674: 2663: 2661: 2650: 2648: 2637: 2635: 2624: 2622: 2611: 2609: 2598: 2596: 2585: 2583: 2572: 2570: 2559: 2557: 2546: 2544: 2533: 2531: 2520: 2518: 2507: 2505: 2494: 2492: 2481: 2479: 2468: 2466: 2455: 2453: 2449: 2439: 2438: 2429: 2428: 2388: 2383: 2370: 2358: 2346: 2334: 2322: 2310: 2298: 2286: 2283: 2276: 2274: 2267:Paschal Donohoe 2259: 2251: 2244: 2242: 2229: 2217: 2205: 2193: 2181: 2169: 2157: 2145: 2133: 2121: 2109: 2097: 2085: 2073: 2061: 2049: 2037: 2025: 2013: 2001: 1998: 1990: 1980: 1979: 1963: 1952: 1950: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1929: 1928: 1917: 1915: 1904: 1902: 1891: 1889: 1878: 1876: 1865: 1863: 1852: 1850: 1839: 1837: 1826: 1824: 1813: 1811: 1800: 1798: 1787: 1785: 1774: 1772: 1761: 1759: 1748: 1746: 1735: 1733: 1722: 1720: 1709: 1707: 1696: 1694: 1683: 1681: 1670: 1668: 1657: 1655: 1644: 1642: 1631: 1629: 1618: 1616: 1605: 1603: 1592: 1590: 1579: 1577: 1573: 1571:Euratom members 1567: 1557: 1556: 1528: 1523: 1493: 1490:Advisory bodies 1486: 1473: 1468: 1397: 1390: 1382: 1377: 1369: 1364: 1356: 1351: 1344:Investment Fund 1339:Investment Bank 1335: 1329: 1321: 1320: 1286: 1276: 1275: 1247: 1242: 1234: 1226: 1218: 1217: 1187: 1179: 1171: 1170: 1169: 1162: 1146:Vice Presidents 1090: 1084: 1077: 1033: 1032: 1031: 969: 964: 963: 962: 955: 943: 941: 934: 927: 918: 908: 907: 884:Vice Presidents 865: 858: 833: 825: 817: 816: 801: 796: 781: 776: 775: 766: 761: 760: 731: 726: 725: 720: 631:Treaty of Paris 620: 610: 609: 608: 575: 563: 560: 553: 541: 538: 531: 519: 507: 503:North Macedonia 495: 483: 471: 459: 447: 435: 432: 425: 424: 413: 411: 400: 398: 387: 385: 374: 372: 361: 359: 348: 346: 335: 333: 322: 320: 309: 307: 296: 294: 283: 281: 270: 268: 257: 255: 244: 242: 231: 229: 218: 216: 205: 203: 192: 190: 179: 177: 166: 164: 153: 151: 140: 138: 127: 125: 114: 112: 101: 99: 88: 86: 75: 73: 68: 44: 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 7229: 7219: 7218: 7201: 7200: 7198: 7197: 7192: 7187: 7182: 7177: 7172: 7166: 7164: 7160: 7159: 7157: 7156: 7155: 7154: 7149: 7144: 7139: 7134: 7124: 7118: 7116: 7108: 7107: 7105: 7104: 7099: 7094: 7092:Money creation 7089: 7087:Interest rates 7084: 7079: 7073: 7071: 7070:Implementation 7067: 7066: 7064: 7063: 7058: 7053: 7048: 7042: 7040: 7036: 7035: 7033: 7032: 7027: 7022: 7016: 7014: 7010: 7009: 7002: 7001: 6994: 6987: 6979: 6970: 6969: 6967: 6966: 6964:European Union 6956: 6945: 6942: 6941: 6939: 6938: 6933: 6928: 6922: 6920: 6912: 6911: 6909: 6908: 6903: 6898: 6893: 6888: 6883: 6878: 6872: 6870: 6866: 6865: 6863: 6862: 6857: 6852: 6847: 6842: 6837: 6832: 6827: 6822: 6817: 6815:Bank of Latvia 6812: 6807: 6802: 6800:Bank of Greece 6797: 6792: 6787: 6782: 6777: 6772: 6767: 6761: 6759: 6744: 6743: 6733:European Union 6725: 6724: 6717: 6710: 6702: 6693: 6692: 6690: 6689: 6677: 6665: 6652: 6649: 6648: 6645: 6644: 6642: 6641: 6636: 6630: 6628: 6624: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6615: 6613:Spanish peseta 6610: 6605: 6600: 6595: 6590: 6585: 6580: 6575: 6570: 6565: 6560: 6555: 6550: 6545: 6540: 6538:Finnish markka 6535: 6533:Estonian kroon 6530: 6525: 6520: 6515: 6510: 6505: 6499: 6497: 6493: 6492: 6490: 6489: 6487:United Kingdom 6483: 6481: 6476: 6473: 6472: 6470: 6469: 6464: 6459: 6454: 6449: 6444: 6439: 6434: 6433: 6432: 6421: 6410: 6394: 6386: 6384: 6377: 6371: 6370: 6367: 6366: 6364: 6363: 6358: 6353: 6348: 6343: 6337: 6335: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6327: 6322: 6316: 6314: 6304: 6299: 6296: 6295: 6293: 6292: 6287: 6281: 6279: 6272: 6269: 6268: 6266: 6265: 6260: 6255: 6250: 6245: 6240: 6238:Czech Republic 6235: 6229: 6227: 6222: 6219: 6218: 6216: 6215: 6210: 6205: 6200: 6194: 6192: 6183: 6180: 6179: 6176: 6175: 6173: 6172: 6167: 6162: 6157: 6151: 6149: 6143: 6142: 6140: 6139: 6134: 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6054: 6049: 6044: 6038: 6036: 6027: 6023: 6022: 6019: 6018: 6016: 6015: 6010: 6005: 6000: 5995: 5990: 5985: 5979: 5977: 5971: 5970: 5968: 5967: 5962: 5957: 5952: 5947: 5942: 5937: 5932: 5927: 5922: 5917: 5912: 5907: 5902: 5896: 5894: 5885: 5881: 5880: 5878: 5877: 5875:World currency 5872: 5867: 5862: 5856: 5854: 5848: 5847: 5845: 5844: 5839: 5838: 5837: 5827: 5822: 5817: 5812: 5807: 5801: 5799: 5795: 5794: 5792: 5791: 5786: 5781: 5779:Euro Plus Pact 5776: 5771: 5765: 5763: 5759: 5758: 5756: 5755: 5750: 5745: 5740: 5735: 5730: 5725: 5719: 5717: 5716:Administration 5713: 5712: 5710: 5709: 5702: 5697: 5692: 5687: 5682: 5677: 5671: 5669: 5665: 5664: 5656: 5655: 5648: 5641: 5633: 5627: 5626: 5620: 5615: 5610: 5596: 5595: 5583: 5581:European Union 5562: 5561:External links 5559: 5556: 5555: 5546: 5520: 5489: 5488: 5486: 5483: 5480: 5479: 5474: 5469: 5457: 5456: 5451: 5446: 5434: 5433: 5431:Adam Glapiński 5428: 5423: 5411: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5388: 5387: 5375: 5370: 5358: 5357: 5352: 5347: 5335: 5334: 5329: 5323: 5311: 5310: 5304: 5303: 5298: 5293: 5281: 5280: 5275: 5270: 5258: 5257: 5252: 5247: 5235: 5234: 5229: 5224: 5212: 5211: 5206: 5201: 5189: 5188: 5183: 5178: 5166: 5165: 5160: 5155: 5143: 5142: 5139: 5134: 5122: 5121: 5119:Mārtiņš Kazāks 5116: 5114:Latvijas Banka 5111: 5099: 5098: 5093: 5091:Banca d'Italia 5088: 5076: 5075: 5070: 5065: 5053: 5052: 5047: 5041: 5029: 5028: 5023: 5018: 5006: 5005: 5000: 4995: 4983: 4982: 4980:Erkki Liikanen 4977: 4972: 4960: 4959: 4954: 4949: 4937: 4936: 4931: 4926: 4914: 4913: 4908: 4903: 4891: 4890: 4878: 4873: 4861: 4860: 4855: 4850: 4838: 4837: 4832: 4827: 4814: 4813: 4807: 4806: 4803: 4800: 4789: 4786: 4785: 4784: 4777: 4770: 4763: 4762: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750: 4747: 4744: 4732: 4731: 4728: 4708: 4707: 4704: 4701: 4666: 4663: 4645:(ECB) and the 4629: 4628: 4626: 4625: 4618: 4611: 4603: 4600: 4599: 4597: 4596: 4590: 4577: 4576: 4573: 4572: 4567: 4562: 4557: 4556: 4555: 4550: 4538: 4536:Defunct bodies 4535: 4534: 4531: 4530: 4527: 4526: 4521: 4514: 4513: 4508: 4503: 4498: 4486: 4485: 4480: 4479: 4478: 4473: 4458: 4453: 4448: 4443: 4438: 4433: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4413: 4408: 4403: 4398: 4393: 4388: 4383: 4378: 4373: 4366: 4365: 4353: 4341: 4329: 4317: 4305: 4293: 4281: 4269: 4257: 4245: 4233: 4221: 4209: 4197: 4185: 4173: 4161: 4149: 4137: 4125: 4113: 4111:Czech Republic 4101: 4089: 4077: 4065: 4053: 4036: 4034: 4033: 4031:Defence Policy 4028: 4026:Foreign Policy 4023: 4016: 4015: 4003: 4002: 3997: 3996: 3993: 3992: 3989: 3988: 3987: 3986: 3985: 3984: 3974: 3969: 3959: 3958: 3957: 3947: 3946: 3945: 3940: 3930: 3929: 3928: 3926:Euroscepticism 3923: 3918: 3913: 3903: 3902: 3901: 3896: 3891: 3886: 3878: 3877: 3876: 3866: 3865: 3864: 3854: 3848: 3845: 3844: 3841: 3840: 3837: 3836: 3831: 3829:Recommendation 3826: 3821: 3816: 3811: 3810: 3809: 3804: 3788: 3783: 3782: 3779: 3778: 3775: 3774: 3762: 3750: 3738: 3726: 3714: 3702: 3690: 3678: 3666: 3654: 3642: 3630: 3618: 3606: 3594: 3582: 3570: 3558: 3546: 3534: 3522: 3520:Czech Republic 3510: 3498: 3486: 3474: 3462: 3445: 3441: 3440: 3435: 3430: 3425: 3420: 3415: 3410: 3405: 3400: 3395: 3389: 3388: 3383: 3381: 3380: 3375: 3370: 3368:Constituencies 3365: 3360: 3355: 3350: 3345: 3339: 3334: 3333: 3330: 3329: 3318: 3317: 3312: 3307: 3297: 3295: 3294: 3281: 3268: 3252:Non-EU members 3250: 3248: 3247: 3235: 3223: 3211: 3199: 3187: 3175: 3163: 3151: 3139: 3127: 3115: 3103: 3091: 3079: 3067: 3055: 3043: 3031: 3019: 3007: 2995: 2993:Czech Republic 2983: 2971: 2958: 2946: 2934: 2917: 2916: 2911: 2910: 2907: 2906: 2895: 2894: 2880: 2862: 2860: 2859: 2854: 2849: 2844: 2837: 2836: 2823: 2810: 2797: 2781:Non-EU members 2779: 2777: 2776: 2763: 2750: 2737: 2724: 2711: 2698: 2685: 2672: 2659: 2646: 2633: 2620: 2607: 2594: 2581: 2568: 2555: 2542: 2529: 2516: 2514:Czech Republic 2503: 2490: 2477: 2464: 2450: 2445: 2444: 2441: 2440: 2427: 2426: 2421: 2416: 2411: 2406: 2401: 2396: 2390: 2389: 2384: 2382: 2381: 2376: 2369: 2368: 2356: 2344: 2332: 2320: 2308: 2296: 2277: 2272: 2271: 2270: 2269: 2245: 2240: 2239: 2227: 2215: 2203: 2191: 2179: 2167: 2155: 2143: 2131: 2119: 2107: 2095: 2083: 2071: 2059: 2047: 2035: 2023: 2011: 1992: 1991: 1986: 1985: 1982: 1981: 1970: 1969: 1962: 1961: 1959:United Kingdom 1948: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1913: 1900: 1887: 1874: 1861: 1848: 1835: 1822: 1809: 1796: 1783: 1770: 1757: 1744: 1731: 1718: 1705: 1692: 1679: 1666: 1653: 1651:Czech Republic 1640: 1627: 1614: 1601: 1588: 1574: 1569: 1568: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1555: 1554: 1549: 1544: 1539: 1534: 1524: 1522: 1521: 1516: 1515: 1514: 1504: 1499: 1487: 1485: 1484: 1479: 1469: 1467: 1466: 1465: 1464: 1463:of the Euratom 1461: 1455: 1454: 1453: 1450: 1442: 1441: 1440: 1435: 1427: 1424: 1421: 1420: 1419: 1416: 1410: 1407: 1404: 1391: 1389: 1388: 1378: 1376: 1375: 1365: 1363: 1362: 1352: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1341: 1331: 1330: 1327: 1326: 1323: 1322: 1319: 1318: 1317: 1316: 1311: 1309:Euro banknotes 1306: 1301: 1287: 1282: 1281: 1278: 1277: 1274: 1273: 1268: 1263: 1258: 1253: 1243: 1241: 1240: 1228: 1227: 1224: 1223: 1220: 1219: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1203: 1198: 1181: 1180: 1177: 1176: 1173: 1172: 1163: 1161: 1160: 1155: 1154: 1153: 1148: 1138: 1132: 1131: 1130: 1125: 1115: 1103:Largest groups 1100: 1078: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1073: 1068: 1060: 1059: 1058: 1053: 1039: 1030: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 993: 992: 982: 977: 971: 970: 967:Configurations 965: 956: 942: 935: 928: 926: 925: 919: 914: 913: 910: 909: 906: 905: 896: 891: 886: 881: 871: 859: 857: 856: 855: 854: 849: 827: 826: 823: 822: 819: 818: 815: 814: 808: 797: 795: 794: 788: 779:Other treaties 777: 767: 762: 732: 727: 721: 719: 718: 717: 716: 711: 700: 694: 691:Treaty of Nice 688: 682: 676: 670: 664: 658: 655:Euratom Treaty 652: 649:Treaty of Rome 646: 640: 634: 628: 621: 616: 615: 612: 611: 607: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 581: 574: 573: 554: 552: 551: 532: 530: 529: 517: 505: 493: 481: 469: 457: 445: 426: 423: 422: 409: 396: 383: 370: 357: 344: 331: 318: 305: 292: 279: 266: 253: 240: 227: 214: 201: 188: 175: 162: 149: 147:Czech Republic 136: 123: 110: 97: 84: 70: 69: 63: 62: 59: 58: 55: 54: 46: 45: 40: 37: 36: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7228: 7217: 7214: 7213: 7211: 7196: 7193: 7191: 7188: 7186: 7183: 7181: 7178: 7176: 7173: 7171: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7161: 7153: 7150: 7148: 7145: 7143: 7140: 7138: 7135: 7133: 7130: 7129: 7128: 7125: 7123: 7120: 7119: 7117: 7115: 7112:Bretton Woods 7109: 7103: 7100: 7098: 7095: 7093: 7090: 7088: 7085: 7083: 7082:Discount rate 7080: 7078: 7075: 7074: 7072: 7068: 7062: 7061:Basel Accords 7059: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7049: 7047: 7044: 7043: 7041: 7037: 7031: 7028: 7026: 7023: 7021: 7018: 7017: 7015: 7011: 7007: 7006:Central banks 7000: 6995: 6993: 6988: 6986: 6981: 6980: 6977: 6965: 6961: 6957: 6955: 6954:Central banks 6947: 6946: 6943: 6937: 6934: 6932: 6929: 6927: 6924: 6923: 6921: 6919: 6913: 6907: 6904: 6902: 6899: 6897: 6894: 6892: 6889: 6887: 6884: 6882: 6879: 6877: 6874: 6873: 6871: 6867: 6861: 6860:Bank of Spain 6858: 6856: 6853: 6851: 6848: 6846: 6843: 6841: 6838: 6836: 6833: 6831: 6828: 6826: 6823: 6821: 6818: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6810:Bank of Italy 6808: 6806: 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6783: 6781: 6778: 6776: 6773: 6771: 6768: 6766: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6756: 6750: 6745: 6739: 6734: 6730: 6729:Central banks 6723: 6718: 6716: 6711: 6709: 6704: 6703: 6700: 6688: 6687: 6683: 6678: 6676: 6675: 6671: 6666: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6654: 6653: 6650: 6640: 6637: 6635: 6632: 6631: 6629: 6625: 6619: 6616: 6614: 6611: 6609: 6606: 6604: 6603:Slovak koruna 6601: 6599: 6596: 6594: 6591: 6589: 6586: 6584: 6581: 6579: 6576: 6574: 6571: 6569: 6566: 6564: 6561: 6559: 6556: 6554: 6553:Greek drachma 6551: 6549: 6546: 6544: 6541: 6539: 6536: 6534: 6531: 6529: 6528:Dutch guilder 6526: 6524: 6523:Cypriot pound 6521: 6519: 6518:Croatian kuna 6516: 6514: 6513:Belgian franc 6511: 6509: 6506: 6504: 6501: 6500: 6498: 6494: 6488: 6485: 6484: 6482: 6474: 6468: 6465: 6463: 6460: 6458: 6455: 6453: 6450: 6448: 6445: 6443: 6440: 6438: 6435: 6430: 6422: 6419: 6411: 6408: 6400: 6399: 6398: 6395: 6392: 6388: 6387: 6385: 6381: 6378: 6376: 6372: 6362: 6361:Swedish krona 6359: 6357: 6354: 6352: 6349: 6347: 6344: 6342: 6339: 6338: 6336: 6332: 6326: 6323: 6321: 6320:Bulgarian lev 6318: 6317: 6315: 6308: 6305: 6302: 6297: 6291: 6288: 6286: 6283: 6282: 6280: 6277: 6270: 6264: 6261: 6259: 6256: 6254: 6251: 6249: 6246: 6244: 6241: 6239: 6236: 6234: 6231: 6230: 6228: 6220: 6214: 6211: 6209: 6206: 6204: 6201: 6199: 6196: 6195: 6193: 6190: 6181: 6171: 6168: 6166: 6163: 6161: 6158: 6156: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6148: 6144: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6053: 6050: 6048: 6045: 6043: 6040: 6039: 6037: 6035: 6031: 6028: 6024: 6014: 6011: 6009: 6006: 6004: 6001: 5999: 5996: 5994: 5991: 5989: 5986: 5984: 5981: 5980: 5978: 5976: 5972: 5966: 5963: 5961: 5958: 5956: 5953: 5951: 5948: 5946: 5943: 5941: 5938: 5936: 5933: 5931: 5928: 5926: 5923: 5921: 5918: 5916: 5913: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5901: 5898: 5897: 5895: 5893: 5889: 5886: 5884:Denominations 5882: 5876: 5873: 5871: 5868: 5866: 5863: 5861: 5858: 5857: 5855: 5853: 5849: 5843: 5840: 5836: 5833: 5832: 5831: 5828: 5826: 5823: 5821: 5818: 5816: 5813: 5811: 5808: 5806: 5803: 5802: 5800: 5796: 5790: 5787: 5785: 5782: 5780: 5777: 5775: 5772: 5770: 5767: 5766: 5764: 5760: 5754: 5751: 5749: 5746: 5744: 5741: 5739: 5736: 5734: 5731: 5729: 5728:ECB president 5726: 5724: 5721: 5720: 5718: 5714: 5708: 5707: 5706:Euro-Skulptur 5703: 5701: 5698: 5696: 5693: 5691: 5688: 5686: 5683: 5681: 5678: 5676: 5673: 5672: 5670: 5666: 5661: 5654: 5649: 5647: 5642: 5640: 5635: 5634: 5631: 5624: 5621: 5619: 5616: 5614: 5611: 5608: 5603: 5599: 5598: 5594: 5584: 5582: 5572: 5571: 5568: 5550: 5534: 5530: 5524: 5508: 5504: 5500: 5494: 5490: 5478: 5475: 5473: 5470: 5459: 5458: 5455: 5452: 5450: 5447: 5436: 5435: 5432: 5429: 5427: 5424: 5413: 5412: 5409: 5406: 5404: 5401: 5390: 5389: 5384: 5379: 5376: 5374: 5371: 5360: 5359: 5356: 5353: 5351: 5348: 5337: 5336: 5333: 5332:Dimitar Radev 5330: 5327: 5324: 5313: 5312: 5309: 5305: 5302: 5299: 5297: 5294: 5283: 5282: 5279: 5278:Boštjan Vasle 5276: 5274: 5271: 5260: 5259: 5256: 5255:Peter Kažimír 5253: 5251: 5248: 5237: 5236: 5233: 5232:Mário Centeno 5230: 5228: 5225: 5214: 5213: 5210: 5207: 5205: 5202: 5191: 5190: 5187: 5184: 5182: 5179: 5168: 5167: 5164: 5161: 5159: 5156: 5145: 5144: 5140: 5138: 5135: 5124: 5123: 5120: 5117: 5115: 5112: 5101: 5100: 5097: 5096:Ignazio Visco 5094: 5092: 5089: 5078: 5077: 5074: 5071: 5069: 5066: 5055: 5054: 5051: 5048: 5045: 5042: 5031: 5030: 5027: 5026:Joachim Nagel 5024: 5022: 5019: 5008: 5007: 5004: 5001: 4999: 4996: 4985: 4984: 4981: 4978: 4976: 4975:Suomen Pankki 4973: 4962: 4961: 4958: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4939: 4938: 4935: 4932: 4930: 4927: 4916: 4915: 4912: 4909: 4907: 4904: 4893: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4881:Pierre Wunsch 4879: 4877: 4874: 4863: 4862: 4859: 4856: 4854: 4851: 4840: 4839: 4836: 4833: 4831: 4828: 4826: 4821: 4816: 4815: 4812: 4808: 4804: 4802:Central Bank 4801: 4798: 4797: 4794: 4782: 4778: 4775: 4771: 4768: 4767: 4766: 4760: 4757: 4754: 4751: 4748: 4745: 4742: 4741: 4740: 4738: 4729: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4705: 4702: 4699: 4698: 4697: 4695: 4690: 4688: 4684: 4680: 4676: 4672: 4662: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4640: 4636: 4624: 4619: 4617: 4612: 4610: 4605: 4604: 4602: 4601: 4595: 4592: 4591: 4589: 4579: 4578: 4571: 4568: 4566: 4563: 4561: 4558: 4554: 4551: 4549: 4546: 4545: 4543: 4540: 4539: 4533: 4532: 4525: 4522: 4520: 4517: 4516: 4512: 4509: 4507: 4504: 4502: 4499: 4496: 4492: 4489: 4488: 4484: 4481: 4477: 4474: 4472: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4462: 4459: 4457: 4454: 4452: 4449: 4447: 4444: 4442: 4439: 4437: 4434: 4432: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4422: 4419: 4417: 4414: 4412: 4409: 4407: 4404: 4402: 4399: 4397: 4394: 4392: 4389: 4387: 4384: 4382: 4379: 4377: 4374: 4372: 4369: 4368: 4364: 4359: 4354: 4352: 4347: 4342: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4328: 4323: 4318: 4316: 4311: 4306: 4304: 4299: 4294: 4292: 4287: 4282: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4268: 4263: 4258: 4256: 4251: 4246: 4244: 4239: 4234: 4232: 4227: 4222: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4208: 4203: 4198: 4196: 4191: 4186: 4184: 4179: 4174: 4172: 4167: 4162: 4160: 4155: 4150: 4148: 4143: 4138: 4136: 4131: 4126: 4124: 4119: 4114: 4112: 4107: 4102: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4088: 4083: 4078: 4076: 4071: 4066: 4064: 4059: 4054: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4041: 4039: 4032: 4029: 4027: 4024: 4022: 4019: 4018: 4014: 4013:Josep Borrell 4011: 4010: 4008: 4007: 4000: 3995: 3994: 3983: 3980: 3979: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3964: 3963: 3960: 3956: 3953: 3952: 3951: 3948: 3944: 3941: 3939: 3936: 3935: 3934: 3931: 3927: 3924: 3922: 3919: 3917: 3914: 3912: 3909: 3908: 3907: 3904: 3900: 3897: 3895: 3892: 3890: 3887: 3885: 3882: 3881: 3879: 3875: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3867: 3863: 3860: 3859: 3858: 3857:Customs Union 3855: 3853: 3850: 3849: 3843: 3842: 3835: 3832: 3830: 3827: 3825: 3822: 3820: 3817: 3815: 3812: 3808: 3805: 3802: 3801:ECJ Case 6/64 3798: 3795: 3794: 3793: 3790: 3789: 3786: 3781: 3780: 3773: 3768: 3763: 3761: 3756: 3751: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3737: 3732: 3727: 3725: 3720: 3715: 3713: 3708: 3703: 3701: 3696: 3691: 3689: 3684: 3679: 3677: 3672: 3667: 3665: 3660: 3655: 3653: 3648: 3643: 3641: 3636: 3631: 3629: 3624: 3619: 3617: 3612: 3607: 3605: 3600: 3595: 3593: 3588: 3583: 3581: 3576: 3571: 3569: 3564: 3559: 3557: 3552: 3547: 3545: 3540: 3535: 3533: 3528: 3523: 3521: 3516: 3511: 3509: 3504: 3499: 3497: 3492: 3487: 3485: 3480: 3475: 3473: 3468: 3463: 3461: 3456: 3451: 3450: 3448: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3429: 3426: 3424: 3421: 3419: 3416: 3414: 3411: 3409: 3406: 3404: 3401: 3399: 3396: 3394: 3391: 3390: 3386: 3379: 3376: 3374: 3373:Apportionment 3371: 3369: 3366: 3364: 3361: 3359: 3356: 3354: 3351: 3349: 3346: 3344: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3332: 3331: 3322: 3316: 3313: 3311: 3308: 3306: 3303: 3302: 3300: 3293: 3282: 3280: 3279:Liechtenstein 3269: 3267: 3256: 3255: 3253: 3246: 3241: 3236: 3234: 3229: 3224: 3222: 3217: 3212: 3210: 3205: 3200: 3198: 3193: 3188: 3186: 3181: 3176: 3174: 3169: 3164: 3162: 3157: 3152: 3150: 3145: 3140: 3138: 3133: 3128: 3126: 3121: 3116: 3114: 3109: 3104: 3102: 3097: 3092: 3090: 3085: 3080: 3078: 3073: 3068: 3066: 3061: 3056: 3054: 3049: 3044: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3030: 3025: 3020: 3018: 3013: 3008: 3006: 3001: 2996: 2994: 2989: 2984: 2982: 2977: 2972: 2969: 2964: 2959: 2957: 2952: 2947: 2945: 2940: 2935: 2933: 2928: 2923: 2922: 2920: 2914: 2909: 2908: 2899: 2892: 2881: 2879: 2868: 2867: 2865: 2858: 2855: 2853: 2850: 2848: 2845: 2843: 2840: 2839: 2835: 2824: 2822: 2811: 2809: 2808:Liechtenstein 2798: 2796: 2785: 2784: 2782: 2775: 2764: 2762: 2751: 2749: 2738: 2736: 2725: 2723: 2712: 2710: 2699: 2697: 2686: 2684: 2673: 2671: 2660: 2658: 2647: 2645: 2634: 2632: 2621: 2619: 2608: 2606: 2595: 2593: 2582: 2580: 2569: 2567: 2556: 2554: 2543: 2541: 2530: 2528: 2517: 2515: 2504: 2502: 2491: 2489: 2478: 2476: 2465: 2463: 2452: 2451: 2448: 2447:Schengen Area 2443: 2442: 2433: 2425: 2422: 2420: 2417: 2415: 2412: 2410: 2407: 2405: 2402: 2400: 2397: 2395: 2392: 2391: 2387: 2380: 2377: 2375: 2372: 2371: 2367: 2366:Swedish krona 2362: 2357: 2355: 2350: 2345: 2343: 2338: 2333: 2331: 2326: 2321: 2319: 2314: 2309: 2307: 2302: 2297: 2295: 2294:Bulgarian lev 2290: 2285: 2284: 2282: 2281: 2275: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2257: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2249: 2243: 2238: 2233: 2228: 2226: 2221: 2216: 2214: 2209: 2204: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2190: 2185: 2180: 2178: 2173: 2168: 2166: 2161: 2156: 2154: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2130: 2125: 2120: 2118: 2113: 2108: 2106: 2101: 2096: 2094: 2089: 2084: 2082: 2077: 2072: 2070: 2065: 2060: 2058: 2053: 2048: 2046: 2041: 2036: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2010: 2005: 2000: 1999: 1997: 1996: 1989: 1984: 1983: 1974: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1960: 1949: 1947: 1936: 1935: 1933: 1925: 1914: 1912: 1901: 1899: 1888: 1886: 1875: 1873: 1862: 1860: 1849: 1847: 1836: 1834: 1823: 1821: 1810: 1808: 1797: 1795: 1784: 1782: 1771: 1769: 1758: 1756: 1745: 1743: 1732: 1730: 1719: 1717: 1706: 1704: 1693: 1691: 1680: 1678: 1667: 1665: 1654: 1652: 1641: 1639: 1628: 1626: 1615: 1613: 1602: 1600: 1589: 1587: 1576: 1575: 1572: 1566: 1561: 1560: 1553: 1550: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1533: 1530: 1529: 1527: 1520: 1517: 1513: 1510: 1509: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1495: 1494: 1492: 1491: 1483: 1480: 1478: 1475: 1474: 1472: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1456: 1451: 1449: 1446: 1445: 1443: 1439: 1436: 1434: 1431: 1430: 1428: 1425: 1422: 1417: 1415: 1411: 1409:AFSC agencies 1408: 1406:CFSP agencies 1405: 1402: 1401: 1399: 1398: 1396: 1395: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1368: 1361: 1358: 1357: 1355: 1348:EIB Institute 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1336: 1334: 1325: 1324: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1296: 1295: 1292: 1289: 1288: 1285: 1280: 1279: 1272: 1269: 1267: 1264: 1262: 1259: 1257: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1246: 1239: 1236: 1235: 1233: 1232: 1222: 1221: 1214: 1213:General Court 1211: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1192: 1189: 1188: 1186: 1185: 1175: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1159: 1156: 1152: 1149: 1147: 1144: 1143: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1133: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1122:Iratxe García 1119: 1116: 1113: 1112:Manfred Weber 1109: 1106: 1105: 1104: 1101: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1091: 1088: 1083: 1082: 1072: 1069: 1067: 1064: 1063: 1061: 1057: 1054: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1044: 1043: 1040: 1038: 1035: 1034: 1028: 1025: 1023: 1020: 1018: 1015: 1013: 1010: 1008: 1005: 1003: 1000: 998: 995: 991: 988: 987: 986: 983: 981: 978: 976: 973: 972: 968: 960: 954: 953: 947: 940: 939: 933: 932: 924: 921: 920: 917: 912: 911: 904: 900: 897: 895: 894:Civil Service 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 879: 878:Von der Leyen 875: 872: 870: 867: 866: 864: 863: 853: 850: 848: 845: 844: 842: 838: 835: 834: 832: 831: 821: 820: 812: 809: 806: 803: 802: 800: 792: 789: 786: 783: 782: 780: 774: 770: 765: 759: 755: 751: 747: 743: 739: 735: 730: 724: 715: 712: 710: 707: 706: 704: 701: 698: 695: 692: 689: 686: 683: 680: 677: 674: 671: 668: 665: 662: 661:Merger Treaty 659: 656: 653: 650: 647: 644: 641: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 623: 622: 619: 614: 613: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 585: 582: 580: 577: 576: 572: 567: 562: 561: 559: 558: 550: 545: 540: 539: 537: 536: 528: 523: 518: 516: 511: 506: 504: 499: 494: 492: 487: 482: 480: 475: 470: 468: 463: 458: 456: 451: 446: 444: 439: 434: 433: 431: 430: 421: 410: 408: 397: 395: 384: 382: 371: 369: 358: 356: 345: 343: 332: 330: 319: 317: 306: 304: 293: 291: 280: 278: 267: 265: 254: 252: 241: 239: 228: 226: 215: 213: 202: 200: 189: 187: 176: 174: 163: 161: 150: 148: 137: 135: 124: 122: 111: 109: 98: 96: 85: 83: 72: 71: 66: 65:Member states 61: 60: 57: 56: 52: 48: 47: 43: 39: 38: 34: 30: 29: 26: 22: 6930: 6679: 6667: 6662:Money portal 6655: 6618:Vatican lira 6583:Maltese lira 6568:Latvian lats 6563:Italian lira 6543:French franc 6356:Romanian leu 6351:Polish złoty 6341:Czech koruna 6325:Danish krone 6170:Vatican City 5955:Starter kits 5732: 5704: 5549: 5537:. Retrieved 5533:the original 5523: 5511:. Retrieved 5502: 5493: 5477:Erik Thedéen 5307: 5200:Netherlands 4957:Madis Müller 4911:Boris Vujčić 4810: 4791: 4788:Member banks 4764: 4733: 4709: 4691: 4668: 4665:Organization 4638: 4634: 4632: 4544:(1958–1993) 4037: 4004: 3884:Agricultural 3807:Subsidiarity 3446: 3384: 3298: 3251: 2918: 2863: 2780: 2385: 2354:Romanian leu 2342:Polish złoty 2318:Danish krone 2306:Czech koruna 2278: 2273: 2254: 2246: 2241: 1993: 1931: 1570: 1525: 1488: 1470: 1392: 1379: 1366: 1353: 1332: 1328:Other bodies 1298: 1244: 1229: 1182: 1164: 1079: 966: 951: 936: 929: 860: 828: 798: 778: 763: 728: 643:Spaak Report 555: 533: 427: 25: 6558:Irish pound 6548:German Mark 6452:Enlargement 6117:Netherlands 5753:Euro summit 5381: [ 5154:Luxembourg 4884: [ 4279:Netherlands 3962:Integration 3906:Citizenship 3688:Netherlands 3161:Netherlands 2919:EEA members 2834:Switzerland 2683:Netherlands 2189:Netherlands 1946:Switzerland 1833:Netherlands 1137:(2019–2024) 1135:9th session 1042:Secretariat 813:(2015–2016) 329:Netherlands 6755:Eurosystem 6467:Withdrawal 6290:Montenegro 6165:San Marino 6107:Luxembourg 6013:500 € 6008:200 € 6003:100 € 5738:Eurosystem 5513:6 December 5378:Lars Rohde 5355:Aleš Michl 5209:Klaas Knot 5133:Lithuania 4952:Eesti Pank 4694:derogation 4671:Eurosystem 4255:Luxembourg 3814:Regulation 3664:Luxembourg 3137:Luxembourg 2657:Luxembourg 2165:Luxembourg 1807:Luxembourg 1418:SRM bodies 1314:Euro coins 1158:Conference 938:Presidency 714:Article 50 491:Montenegro 303:Luxembourg 21:Eurosystem 6102:Lithuania 5998:50 € 5993:20 € 5988:10 € 5975:Banknotes 5965:Euro mint 5870:Petroeuro 5748:Eurogroup 5690:Euro sign 5322:Bulgaria 5269:Slovenia 5246:Slovakia 5223:Portugal 4805:Governor 4735:Three of 4243:Lithuania 3894:Fisheries 3880:Policies 3819:Directive 3652:Lithuania 3336:Elections 3125:Lithuania 2893:(Opt-out) 2644:Lithuania 2255:President 2248:Eurogroup 2153:Lithuania 1794:Lithuania 1460:of the EU 1291:President 1094:President 990:Eurogroup 903:Juhansone 874:President 837:President 709:Article 7 290:Lithuania 7210:Category 7039:Policies 6749:Eurozone 6479:and euro 6233:Bulgaria 6132:Slovenia 6127:Slovakia 6122:Portugal 6034:Eurozone 5983:5 € 5935:2 € 5930:1 € 5784:Six pack 5700:Language 5695:Eurozone 5507:Archived 5445:Romania 5399:Hungary 5369:Denmark 5064:Ireland 5017:Germany 4971:Finland 4948:Estonia 4902:Croatia 4872:Belgium 4849:Austria 4825:Eurozone 4677:and the 4659:eurozone 4339:Slovenia 4327:Slovakia 4303:Portugal 4075:Bulgaria 3916:Identity 3899:Regional 3824:Decision 3748:Slovenia 3736:Slovakia 3712:Portugal 3484:Bulgaria 3221:Slovenia 3209:Slovakia 3185:Portugal 2956:Bulgaria 2748:Slovenia 2735:Slovakia 2709:Portugal 2488:Bulgaria 2394:Bulgaria 2225:Slovenia 2213:Slovakia 2201:Portugal 1898:Slovenia 1885:Slovakia 1859:Portugal 1612:Bulgaria 1151:Quaestor 997:AGRIFISH 723:Opt-outs 394:Slovenia 381:Slovakia 355:Portugal 108:Bulgaria 33:a series 6747:Within 6731:of the 6383:General 6375:History 6258:Romania 6248:Hungary 6243:Denmark 6155:Andorra 6087:Ireland 6077:Germany 6067:Finland 6062:Estonia 6052:Croatia 6047:Belgium 6042:Austria 5798:Economy 5668:General 5567:Portals 5539:25 July 5468:Sweden 5422:Poland 5110:Latvia 5040:Greece 4994:France 4925:Cyprus 4495:Ireland 4465:History 4315:Romania 4207:Ireland 4195:Hungary 4171:Germany 4147:Finland 4135:Estonia 4123:Denmark 4087:Croatia 4063:Belgium 4051:Austria 3797:Primacy 3724:Romania 3616:Ireland 3604:Hungary 3580:Germany 3556:Finland 3544:Estonia 3532:Denmark 3496:Croatia 3472:Belgium 3460:Austria 3266:Iceland 3197:Romania 3089:Ireland 3077:Hungary 3053:Germany 3029:Finland 3017:Estonia 3005:Denmark 2968:Croatia 2944:Belgium 2932:Austria 2891:Ireland 2795:Iceland 2722:Romania 2605:Hungary 2579:Germany 2553:Finland 2540:Estonia 2527:Denmark 2501:Croatia 2475:Belgium 2462:Austria 2424:Romania 2409:Hungary 2404:Denmark 2399:Czechia 2117:Ireland 2093:Germany 2069:Finland 2057:Estonia 2033:Croatia 2021:Belgium 2009:Austria 1872:Romania 1755:Ireland 1742:Hungary 1716:Germany 1690:Finland 1677:Estonia 1664:Denmark 1625:Croatia 1599:Belgium 1586:Austria 1565:Euratom 1294:Lagarde 1206:Rulings 1196:Members 1118:S&D 1098:Metsola 1087:Members 1066:COREPER 952:Hungary 847:Parties 843:(ALDE) 705:(2007) 527:Ukraine 479:Moldova 467:Georgia 443:Albania 368:Romania 251:Ireland 238:Hungary 212:Germany 186:Finland 173:Estonia 160:Denmark 121:Croatia 95:Belgium 82:Austria 7114:system 7013:Global 6426:  6415:  6404:  6285:Kosovo 6263:Sweden 6253:Poland 6160:Monaco 6097:Latvia 6082:Greece 6072:France 6057:Cyprus 5743:Ecofin 5662:topics 5503:hnb.hr 5466:  5443:  5420:  5397:  5367:  5344:  5320:  5292:Spain 5290:  5267:  5244:  5221:  5198:  5177:Malta 5175:  5152:  5131:  5108:  5087:Italy 5085:  5062:  5038:  5015:  4992:  4969:  4946:  4923:  4900:  4870:  4847:  4799:State 4476:Brexit 4363:Sweden 4291:Poland 4231:Latvia 4183:Greece 4159:France 4099:Cyprus 3889:Energy 3852:Budget 3792:Acquis 3772:Sweden 3700:Poland 3640:Latvia 3592:Greece 3568:France 3508:Cyprus 3299:Topics 3292:Norway 3290:  3277:  3264:  3245:Sweden 3173:Poland 3113:Latvia 3065:Greece 3041:France 2981:Cyprus 2889:  2878:Cyprus 2876:  2832:  2821:Norway 2819:  2806:  2793:  2774:Sweden 2772:  2759:  2746:  2733:  2720:  2707:  2696:Poland 2694:  2681:  2668:  2655:  2642:  2631:Latvia 2629:  2616:  2603:  2592:Greece 2590:  2577:  2566:France 2564:  2551:  2538:  2525:  2512:  2499:  2486:  2473:  2460:  2419:Sweden 2414:Poland 2374:ERM II 2141:Latvia 2105:Greece 2081:France 2045:Cyprus 1957:  1944:  1924:Sweden 1922:  1909:  1896:  1883:  1870:  1857:  1846:Poland 1844:  1831:  1818:  1805:  1792:  1781:Latvia 1779:  1766:  1753:  1740:  1729:Greece 1727:  1714:  1703:France 1701:  1688:  1675:  1662:  1649:  1638:Cyprus 1636:  1623:  1610:  1597:  1584:  1141:Bureau 1037:Voting 1007:COMPET 985:ECOFIN 841:Michel 807:(2004) 793:(1992) 787:(1985) 699:(2007) 693:(2001) 687:(1997) 681:(1992) 675:(1986) 669:(1983) 663:(1965) 657:(1957) 651:(1957) 645:(1956) 639:(1951) 633:(1951) 627:(1950) 571:Kosovo 549:Turkey 515:Serbia 420:Sweden 418:  405:  392:  379:  366:  353:  342:Poland 340:  327:  314:  301:  288:  277:Latvia 275:  262:  249:  236:  225:Greece 223:  210:  199:France 197:  184:  171:  158:  145:  134:Cyprus 132:  119:  106:  93:  80:  7163:Lists 6334:Other 6137:Spain 6112:Malta 6092:Italy 5892:Coins 5815:Eonia 5593:Banks 5485:Notes 5385:] 4888:] 4351:Spain 4267:Malta 4219:Italy 3760:Spain 3676:Malta 3628:Italy 3233:Spain 3149:Malta 3101:Italy 2761:Spain 2670:Malta 2618:Italy 2237:Spain 2177:Malta 2129:Italy 1911:Spain 1820:Malta 1768:Italy 1412:ESFS 1002:EPSCO 880:(EPP) 407:Spain 316:Malta 264:Italy 6310:ERM 5660:Euro 5541:2016 5515:2022 4683:euro 4639:ESCB 4633:The 3433:2019 3428:2014 3423:2009 3418:2004 3413:1999 3408:1994 3403:1989 3398:1984 3393:1979 1299:ESCB 1017:ENVI 773:2020 769:1984 758:2011 754:2005 750:2003 746:1994 742:1985 738:1979 734:1972 599:EU 3 67:(27) 6429:EMU 6424:III 6418:ERM 6407:ECU 5925:50c 5920:20c 5915:10c 4524:G20 3785:Law 1304:EMU 1108:EPP 1027:EYC 1022:JHA 1012:TTE 980:FAC 975:GAC 7212:: 6413:II 6312:II 5910:5c 5905:2c 5900:1c 5501:. 5383:de 4886:nl 4519:G7 4467:) 1096:: 1049:: 961:) 901:: 876:: 839:: 771:, 756:, 752:, 748:, 744:, 740:, 736:, 35:on 6998:e 6991:t 6984:v 6757:) 6721:e 6714:t 6707:v 6402:I 6393:" 6389:" 5652:e 5645:t 5638:v 5569:: 5543:. 5517:. 4637:( 4622:e 4615:t 4608:v 4497:) 4493:( 4463:( 3803:) 3799:( 1124:) 1120:( 1114:) 1110:( 1089:) 1085:( 957:( 23:.

Index

Eurosystem
a series
Politics of the European Union

Member states
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia

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