259:
84:
858:
163:
175:
432:), an all-encompassing patriotic organization dominated by the Communists. Great pressure was brought to bear on citizens to turn out at the polls, and those who dared to cross out the name of the single Front-approved candidate on the ballot risked severe reprisals. Under these circumstances, elections were almost always a formality, with the Front list winning well over 99 percent of the vote. Only after the
388:
in multi-member electoral districts which correspond to the regions of each
Republic. Seats for each Republic were allocated among its electoral districts on the basis of the votes actually cast in each. Voters must choose only one political party to vote for, but they may use up to four preferential
408:
The
Federal Assembly met in regular session at least twice a year, in the spring and fall. Legislation presented to the assembly at these sessions had to be approved by both chambers and in some cases required a majority vote by both the Czech and the Slovak deputies in the Chamber of Nations.
404:
After an election each chamber met to select its own
Praesidium consisting of three to six members. Together, the chambers elected the forty-member Presidium of the Federal Assembly, which served as the legislative authority when the assembly was not in session. A joint session of the Federal
389:
votes for particular candidates of that party, which affect the final order of the candidates on the party list. To obtain seats, a party was required to obtain at least 5% of the
Republic-wide votes in either of the Republics. The allocation of seats was made
412:
Constitutionally, the
Federal Assembly was vested with great lawmaking powers, and had exclusive jurisdiction in all matters of foreign policy, fundamental matters of domestic policy, the economic plan, and supervision of the executive branch of government.
373:. The Chamber of Nations had 150 members, 75 from each republic. Deputies were selected through popular elections and served five year terms of office; all members of both houses served concurrently. However, before the
891:
420:(KSÄŚ). Czechoslovak Laws passed under Communism were drafted in advance by the Presidium of the KSÄŚ and presented to the Federal Assembly, which almost always approved them unanimously. The
448:
was appointed to add an extension. He added a modern glass, metal and stone structure around and over the top of the original building. The project was both expensive and controversial.
912:
646:
638:
651:
444:
The
Assembly building was originally a stock exchange, designed by Jaroslav Rössler and completed in 1938. The space proved insufficient, and after a design competition
1083:
698:
823:
845:
608:
895:
726:
17:
1300:
384:
The Post-Velvet
Revolution electoral law, used to elect the last two assemblies, provided that both houses of the Federal Assembly would be elected by
354:. An alternative proposal suggested transforming the Chamber of People into a unicameral Federal Assembly, and replacing the Chamber of Nations with a
1732:
1555:
1132:
793:
633:
596:
1727:
932:
1076:
916:
1255:
1029:
938:
148:
416:
Before 1989, however, as in other
Communist states, its function was largely confined to rubber-stamping measures placed before it by the
838:
1717:
926:
1686:
245:
767:
1069:
853:
1737:
1570:
1305:
1642:
831:
385:
1637:
1560:
908:
319:
113:
1034:
1622:
1604:
1315:
1270:
1197:
901:
351:
117:
365:
The
Chamber of the People reflected a system of proportional representation: in 1992 it included 99 deputies from the
1627:
1495:
1425:
1350:
1235:
740:
417:
1505:
1500:
1310:
988:
167:
1722:
1673:
1320:
920:
452:
425:
378:
307:
from 1 January 1969 until the amendment of the state constitution on 23 April 1990. From 23 April 1990 until the
1696:
1691:
1207:
1152:
1112:
1019:
397:. The remainders were then used to allocate any seats left unfilled on a republic-wide basis, again using the
1485:
1192:
1049:
1014:
308:
258:
1490:
1202:
459:
300:
1599:
1510:
1445:
1245:
1177:
1172:
1137:
994:
232:
179:
1475:
1290:
1260:
1127:
818:
1465:
1365:
1345:
1240:
1187:
1009:
370:
1578:
1405:
1385:
398:
394:
366:
1435:
1117:
972:
1632:
1617:
1520:
1400:
1325:
1285:
1280:
1250:
1212:
1182:
1162:
966:
960:
1594:
1545:
1455:
1420:
1410:
1395:
1370:
1340:
1275:
1230:
1167:
421:
322:
recognized it as "the supreme organ of state power and the sole statewide legislative body."
267:
1470:
1460:
1450:
1440:
1380:
1295:
1265:
1142:
424:
principle extended to elections as well. Voters were presented with a single list from the
8:
1540:
1530:
1390:
1335:
1157:
1147:
1122:
771:
614:
590:
1415:
1360:
377:— and thus, in all but the last two assemblies — there was only one party to vote for,
83:
1330:
1044:
684:
670:
620:
433:
374:
339:
1480:
1024:
390:
355:
223:
1061:
1668:
1430:
794:"Pragerův federál provokuje dodnes (Prague Federal Building still controversial)"
712:
562:
531:
500:
330:
The
Federal Assembly was divided into two equal chambers, the Chamber of People (
292:
63:
458:
Prager's design has since been copied elsewhere, for example in what is now the
451:
Between 1995 and 2008, The Federal Assembly Building housed the headquarters of
857:
552:
521:
490:
342:, proposals were made to rename the two chambers into the Chamber of Deputies (
304:
284:
162:
75:
49:
1612:
1711:
1663:
1658:
1375:
1222:
1039:
874:
584:
1093:
445:
1515:
1096:
602:
312:
1355:
1104:
393:– first, seats were allocated within each electoral district using the
101:
174:
27:
Legislature of Czechoslovakia from 1969 to its dissolution in 1992
1550:
567:
Federálne zhromaĹľdenie ÄŚeskej a Slovenskej FederatĂvnej Republiky
334:; other translation House of People) and the Chamber of Nations (
643:
List of chairmen of the Chamber of the Nations (Czechoslovakia)
505:
Federálne zhromaždenie Československej socialistickej republiky
271:
647:
List of chairmen of the Chamber of the People (Czechoslovakia)
536:
Federálne zhromaĹľdenie ÄŚesko-slovenskej federatĂvnej republiky
455:. As of 2015, it houses the Federal Assembly National Museum.
639:
List of chairmen of the Chamber of Deputies of Czechoslovakia
557:
Federálnà shromážděnà České a Slovenské Federativnà Republiky
495:
Federálnà shromážděnà Československé socialistické republiky
350:) respectively, restoring the chamber names used during the
652:
List of chairmen of the National Assembly of Czechoslovakia
526:
Federálnà shromážděnà Československé federativnà republiky
311:
on 31 December 1992, it functioned as the state's federal
713:"Law on Elections to the Czechoslovak Federal Assembly"
578:
381:, and it was impossible to give a preferential vote.
338:; other translation House of Nations). Following the
1091:
405:Assembly selected its chairman and vice chairman.
1709:
819:Joint Czech-Slovak Digital Parliamentary Library
738:
634:List of chairmen of the Senate of Czechoslovakia
796:(in Czech). Portal of Prague. 26 February 2011
1077:
839:
765:
1633:Yugoslavia (1931–1939, 1945–1963, 1974–1992)
325:
229:Direct non-competitive elections (1969–1990)
55:
41:
1084:
1070:
846:
832:
257:
699:"FS ČSFR 1990-1992, tisk 1071, část č. 1"
685:"FS ČSFR 1990-1992, tisk 1212, část č. 1"
671:"FS ČSFR 1990-1992, tisk 1071, část č. 1"
548:the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
1733:1992 disestablishments in Czechoslovakia
719:
180:National Council of the Slovak Republic
14:
1710:
770:. Prague Daily Monitor. Archived from
436:did the Assembly assume actual power.
386:party-list proportional representation
1728:1969 establishments in Czechoslovakia
1643:Ottoman Empire (1876–1878, 1908–1920)
1065:
827:
611:December 12, 1989 – December 28, 1989
517:the Czechoslovak Federative Republic
739:Raymond Johnston (22 October 2015).
605:December 9, 1971 – November 29, 1989
486:the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic
36:Czech and Slovak Federative Republic
1030:German occupation of Czechoslovakia
599:October 15, 1969 – December 9, 1971
320:1960 Constitution of Czechoslovakia
24:
18:Chamber of Nations (Czechoslovakia)
766:Kristina Alda (1 September 2009).
727:POLITIKA: ÄŚesko a volby prezidentĹŻ
579:Presidents of the Federal Assembly
25:
1749:
1718:Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia)
812:
623:June 25, 1992 – December 31, 1992
617:December 28, 1989 – June 25, 1992
593:April 28, 1969 – October 15, 1969
587:January 30, 1969 – April 28, 1969
418:Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
1687:National unicameral legislatures
1301:Democratic Republic of the Congo
989:Parliament of the Czech Republic
856:
173:
168:Parliament of the Czech Republic
161:
82:
1674:List of legislatures by country
892:Revolutionary National Assembly
729:, NeviditelnĂ˝ pes, 19. 12. 2007
465:
453:Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
1738:Defunct bicameral legislatures
1600:Confederate States (1862–1865)
1020:Constitution of Czechoslovakia
961:Parliament of Carpatho-Ukraine
854:Parliaments of Czechoslovakia
786:
759:
732:
705:
691:
677:
663:
13:
1:
1050:Dissolution of Czechoslovakia
1015:Czechoslovak National Council
939:National Assembly (Communist)
933:Constituent National Assembly
657:
309:dissolution of Czechoslovakia
266:Federal Assembly (originally
995:National Council of Slovakia
907:None in the German-occupied
460:Bank of Georgia headquarters
301:highest organ of state power
7:
806:Includes gallery of images.
627:
439:
233:proportional representation
57:Federálne zhromaždenie ČSFR
10:
1754:
1605:Czechoslovakia (1920–1939)
43:Federálnà shromážděnà ČSFR
1682:
1651:
1638:FR Yugoslavia (1992–2003)
1587:
1569:
1529:
1221:
1103:
1010:Origins of Czechoslovakia
1003:
981:
953:
927:Interim National Assembly
884:
866:
371:Slovak Socialist Republic
369:and 51 deputies from the
326:Constitution and practice
265:
256:
251:
239:
221:
216:
187:
154:
144:
136:
128:
123:
109:
95:
90:
81:
73:
32:
1623:Soviet Union (1938–1991)
1556:Northern Mariana Islands
768:"Changing the structure"
399:Hagenbach-Bischoff quota
395:Hagenbach-Bischoff quota
367:Czech Socialist Republic
358:-style Federal Council (
973:Slovak National Council
956:Subnational parliaments
268:stock exchange building
202:300 members (1990–1992)
191:350 members (1969–1990)
34:Federal Assembly of the
1723:Karel Prager buildings
1133:Bosnia and Herzegovina
967:Czech National Council
741:"The Federal Assembly"
566:
556:
535:
525:
504:
494:
297:Federálne zhromaždenie
296:
288:
207:150 Chamber of Nations
195:150 Chamber of Nations
56:
42:
1697:National upper houses
1692:National lower houses
1595:Venezuela (1811-1999)
1306:Republic of the Congo
422:democratic centralist
289:FederálnĂ shromáždÄ›nĂ
210:150 Chamber of People
198:200 Chamber of People
887:National parliaments
74:Legislative body in
1613:Estonia (1938–1940)
1496:Trinidad and Tobago
1236:Antigua and Barbuda
1035:1948 Communist coup
546:Federal Assembly of
515:Federal Assembly of
484:Federal Assembly of
344:Poslanecká sněmovna
231:Direct competitive
1618:Serbia (1901–1903)
1316:Dominican Republic
745:#ThrowbackThursday
346:) and the Senate (
114:Chamber of Nations
1705:
1704:
1628:Texas (1836–1845)
1533:other territories
1321:Equatorial Guinea
1059:
1058:
1045:Velvet Revolution
913:National Assembly
902:National Assembly
774:on 15 August 2020
576:
575:
434:Velvet Revolution
375:Velvet Revolution
340:Velvet revolution
318:Chapter 3 of the
277:
276:
155:Succeeded by
149:National Assembly
118:Chamber of People
16:(Redirected from
1745:
1086:
1079:
1072:
1063:
1062:
1025:Munich Agreement
945:Federal Assembly
861:
860:
848:
841:
834:
825:
824:
807:
805:
803:
801:
790:
784:
783:
781:
779:
763:
757:
756:
754:
752:
736:
730:
725:Karel HvĂžďala:
723:
717:
716:
709:
703:
702:
695:
689:
688:
681:
675:
674:
667:
615:Alexander DubÄŤek
609:Stanislav Kukrál
591:Alexander DubÄŤek
470:
469:
281:Federal Assembly
261:
178:
177:
166:
165:
145:Preceded by
140:31 December 1992
86:
68:
67:
59:
53:
45:
30:
29:
21:
1753:
1752:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1701:
1678:
1669:Multicameralism
1647:
1583:
1565:
1532:
1525:
1217:
1099:
1090:
1060:
1055:
1054:
999:
986:
977:
958:
949:
909:Bohemia-Moravia
889:
880:
871:
862:
855:
852:
815:
810:
799:
797:
792:
791:
787:
777:
775:
764:
760:
750:
748:
737:
733:
724:
720:
711:
710:
706:
697:
696:
692:
683:
682:
678:
669:
668:
664:
660:
630:
581:
560:
547:
529:
516:
498:
485:
468:
442:
352:Interwar period
336:Sněmovna národů
328:
242:
230:
226:
203:
192:
172:
160:
116:
105:
104:
69:
61:
54:
47:
40:
38:
37:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1751:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1703:
1702:
1700:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1661:
1655:
1653:
1649:
1648:
1646:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1582:
1581:
1575:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1564:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1541:American Samoa
1537:
1535:
1527:
1526:
1524:
1523:
1518:
1513:
1508:
1506:United Kingdom
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1478:
1473:
1468:
1463:
1458:
1453:
1448:
1443:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1413:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1323:
1318:
1313:
1311:Czech Republic
1308:
1303:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1283:
1278:
1273:
1268:
1263:
1258:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1227:
1225:
1219:
1218:
1216:
1215:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1175:
1170:
1165:
1160:
1155:
1150:
1145:
1140:
1135:
1130:
1125:
1120:
1115:
1109:
1107:
1101:
1100:
1089:
1088:
1081:
1074:
1066:
1057:
1056:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1027:
1022:
1017:
1012:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
998:
997:(1993–present)
992:
991:(1993–present)
982:
979:
978:
976:
970:
964:
954:
951:
950:
948:
942:
936:
930:
924:
905:
899:
885:
882:
881:
879:
878:
867:
864:
863:
851:
850:
843:
836:
828:
822:
821:
814:
813:External links
811:
809:
808:
785:
758:
731:
718:
704:
690:
676:
661:
659:
656:
655:
654:
649:
644:
641:
636:
629:
626:
625:
624:
618:
612:
606:
600:
594:
588:
580:
577:
574:
573:
570:
549:
543:
542:
539:
518:
512:
511:
508:
487:
481:
480:
477:
474:
467:
464:
441:
438:
430:Národnà fronta
426:National Front
379:National Front
360:Federálnà rada
327:
324:
305:Czechoslovakia
275:
274:
263:
262:
254:
253:
249:
248:
243:
240:
237:
236:
227:
222:
219:
218:
214:
213:
212:
211:
208:
200:
199:
196:
189:
185:
184:
183:
182:
170:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
138:
134:
133:
132:1 January 1969
130:
126:
125:
121:
120:
111:
107:
106:
100:
99:
97:
93:
92:
88:
87:
79:
78:
76:Czechoslovakia
71:
70:
39:
33:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1750:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1716:
1715:
1713:
1698:
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1681:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1665:
1664:Tricameralism
1662:
1660:
1659:Unicameralism
1657:
1656:
1654:
1650:
1644:
1641:
1639:
1636:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1624:
1621:
1619:
1616:
1614:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1603:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1586:
1580:
1577:
1576:
1574:
1572:
1571:Non-UN states
1568:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1531:Dependent and
1528:
1522:
1519:
1517:
1514:
1512:
1509:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1482:
1479:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1469:
1467:
1464:
1462:
1459:
1457:
1454:
1452:
1449:
1447:
1444:
1442:
1439:
1437:
1434:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1322:
1319:
1317:
1314:
1312:
1309:
1307:
1304:
1302:
1299:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1289:
1287:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1277:
1274:
1272:
1269:
1267:
1264:
1262:
1259:
1257:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1220:
1214:
1213:United States
1211:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1201:
1199:
1196:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1179:
1176:
1174:
1171:
1169:
1166:
1164:
1161:
1159:
1156:
1154:
1151:
1149:
1146:
1144:
1141:
1139:
1136:
1134:
1131:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:
1119:
1116:
1114:
1111:
1110:
1108:
1106:
1102:
1098:
1095:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1073:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1040:Prague Spring
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1026:
1023:
1021:
1018:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1007:
1002:
996:
993:
990:
987:
985:
980:
974:
971:
968:
965:
962:
959:
957:
952:
946:
943:
940:
937:
934:
931:
928:
925:
922:
918:
914:
910:
906:
903:
900:
897:
893:
890:
888:
883:
876:
875:Bohemian Diet
873:
872:
870:
865:
859:
849:
844:
842:
837:
835:
830:
829:
826:
820:
817:
816:
795:
789:
773:
769:
762:
747:. Prague Post
746:
742:
735:
728:
722:
714:
708:
700:
694:
686:
680:
672:
666:
662:
653:
650:
648:
645:
642:
640:
637:
635:
632:
631:
622:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
604:
601:
598:
597:Dalibor Hanes
595:
592:
589:
586:
585:Peter Colotka
583:
582:
571:
568:
564:
558:
554:
550:
545:
544:
540:
537:
533:
527:
523:
519:
514:
513:
509:
506:
502:
496:
492:
488:
483:
482:
478:
475:
472:
471:
463:
461:
456:
454:
449:
447:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
414:
410:
406:
402:
400:
396:
392:
391:in two stages
387:
382:
380:
376:
372:
368:
363:
361:
357:
353:
349:
345:
341:
337:
333:
332:Sněmovna lidu
323:
321:
316:
314:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
273:
269:
264:
260:
255:
252:Meeting place
250:
247:
246:5–6 June 1992
244:
241:Last election
238:
234:
228:
225:
224:Voting system
220:
215:
209:
206:
205:
204:
197:
194:
193:
190:
186:
181:
176:
171:
169:
164:
159:
158:
157:
153:
150:
147:
143:
139:
135:
131:
127:
122:
119:
115:
112:
108:
103:
98:
94:
89:
85:
80:
77:
72:
65:
58:
51:
44:
31:
19:
1607:
1501:Turkmenistan
1476:South Africa
1097:legislatures
984:Succeeded by
983:
955:
944:
921:Slovak State
886:
868:
798:. Retrieved
788:
776:. Retrieved
772:the original
761:
749:. Retrieved
744:
734:
721:
707:
693:
679:
665:
621:Michal Kováč
476:Native name
466:Name changes
462:in Tbilisi.
457:
450:
446:Karel Prager
443:
429:
415:
411:
407:
403:
383:
364:
359:
347:
343:
335:
331:
329:
317:
280:
278:
201:
1608:(1969–1992)
1561:Puerto Rico
1551:Isle of Man
1466:Saint Lucia
1446:Philippines
1426:Netherlands
1366:Ivory Coast
1208:Switzerland
1198:South Sudan
898:) (1918–20)
877:(1861–1918)
869:Predecessor
778:30 November
751:30 November
603:Alois Indra
313:legislature
235:(1990–1992)
129:Established
1712:Categories
1588:Historical
1579:Somaliland
1516:Uzbekistan
1486:Tajikistan
1406:Madagascar
1386:Kazakhstan
1005:See also:
658:References
572:1990–1992
510:1969–1990
299:) was the
1351:Indonesia
1118:Australia
1113:Argentina
1094:bicameral
1092:National
975:(1969–92)
969:(1969–92)
963:(1938-39)
947:(1969–92)
941:(1948–68)
935:(1946–48)
929:(1945–46)
923:(1939–45)
919:) in the
904:(1920–39)
356:Bundesrat
217:Elections
137:Disbanded
102:Bicameral
1521:Zimbabwe
1491:Thailand
1471:Slovenia
1441:Paraguay
1326:Eswatini
1296:Colombia
1286:Cameroon
1281:Cambodia
1251:Barbados
1183:Pakistan
1163:Malaysia
1153:Ethiopia
800:24 March
628:See also
440:Building
1652:Related
1546:Bermuda
1511:Uruguay
1456:Romania
1421:Namibia
1416:Myanmar
1411:Morocco
1401:Liberia
1396:Lesotho
1371:Jamaica
1356:Ireland
1341:Grenada
1276:Burundi
1271:Bolivia
1256:Belarus
1246:Bahrain
1241:Bahamas
1231:Algeria
1223:Unitary
1193:Somalia
1178:Nigeria
1128:Belgium
1123:Austria
1105:Federal
715:. 1990.
124:History
1461:Rwanda
1451:Poland
1381:Jordan
1331:France
1266:Bhutan
1261:Belize
1188:Russia
1168:Mexico
1143:Canada
1138:Brazil
563:Slovak
532:Slovak
501:Slovak
293:Slovak
272:Prague
110:Houses
64:Slovak
60:
46:
1481:Spain
1436:Palau
1391:Kenya
1376:Japan
1361:Italy
1346:Haiti
1336:Gabon
1291:Chile
1203:Sudan
1173:Nepal
1158:India
1148:Egypt
553:Czech
541:1990
522:Czech
491:Czech
479:Year
473:Name
348:Senát
285:Czech
188:Seats
50:Czech
1431:Oman
802:2014
780:2015
753:2015
279:The
96:Type
91:Type
362:).
303:of
270:),
1714::
917:sk
911:;
896:cs
743:.
569:)
565::
555::
538:)
534::
524::
507:)
503::
493::
401:.
315:.
295::
291:,
287::
1085:e
1078:t
1071:v
915:(
894:(
847:e
840:t
833:v
804:.
782:.
755:.
701:.
687:.
673:.
561:(
559:)
551:(
530:(
528:)
520:(
499:(
497:)
489:(
428:(
283:(
66:)
62:(
52:)
48:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
.svg)
