Azerbaijani nationality law

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confirmation of refugee status as a valid means for establishing when residency began. On 31 May 2017 a procedural amendment required that nationality documents conform to the stipulations of the Act on Document Duty. On 1 February 2018 an amendment to the Citizenship Act was introduced in an attempt to rectify the issue of persons who arrived in Azerbaijan after 1 January 1992 from other former Soviet republics and who had Soviet passports at that time. When these documents ceased to be recognized in 2005, those residents of Azerbaijan had no identification documents but were not officially recognized as stateless. The amendment of Article 14 allowed a court to evaluate the circumstances and establish statelessness to allow acquisition of nationality through naturalization. A change to the nationality statute, made on 1 October 2018, rearranged the provisions in Article 15, for persons who wished to restore their nationality. An amendment, made on 1 February 2019, required a national identity document to substantiate the nationality of minors under age fifteen or a certification from the Azerbaijan Service and Assessment Network and another on 1 May 2020, added a 30-day provision for notification of the authorities upon acquiring dual nationality to prevent loss of nationality.

602:, passed the "Rules for Establishment of the Citizenship of the Republic of Azerbaijan", to make provisions for the recognition of persons as Azerbaijani. It established an administrative procedure for certain persons to acquire nationality even if they lacked the necessary documents. It applied to persons who were nationals of Azerbaijan or the Azerbaijan SSR or who were born in the country prior to the 1998 Citizenship Act coming into force, but who did not gain nationality under the Act and had not left the country; children born in the country whose parent(s) had renounced Azerbaijani nationality before the child's majority; children who had not acquired Azerbaijani nationality when their parents naturalized; foreign or stateless children adopted by an Azerbaijani national; children born in the territory to unknown parents; or persons who were refugees (or forced migrants) and entered the country between 1988 and 1992. The Citizenship Act was amended again on 30 September 2015, which specified that nationality could be restored by the president under the provisions of the constitution and could be lost by a determination of the court. Other changes were made on 4 December 2015, providing that nationality could be lost for actions of religious extremism or terrorism. 594:

the legislation of the country. Those provisions could be waived for persons who had skills that could contribute to the nation, such as those who had exceptional ability in cultural performance, science, sport, or technology. On 30 May 2014, a major shift to descent in acquiring nationality from birth was introduced by an amendment to the nationality laws. Invasions of neighboring post-Soviet spaces and fear of challenges to Azerbaijani sovereignty, led to more restrictive provisions. Birth in the territory under the new law barred children from acquiring nationality if the parents were foreigners, or if one parent was a foreigner and the other was stateless. The change eliminated providing a birth certificate as adequate grounds for acquiring nationality. In addition, the amendment introduced conditions under which nationality could be lost for acquiring dual nationality without informing the state, for serving in a government or military of a foreign country, for committing actions which were construed to be harmful to the Azerbaijani state, or for acquiring nationality through fraud. These changes conflicted with the provisions of the constitution which granted unconditional jus soli and the inability of the state to deprive Azerbaijani of their nationality.

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result of the statute was that if the mother was stateless or foreign, the child, even if its father was known was unable to be a Soviet national. A decree in 1945 modified the provision slightly, determining that if the parents married the child could be recognized by its father on an equal footing as children born within the marriage. The age of the child was immaterial and their nationality became automatic, as if from birth. In 1977, the Soviet Union adopted a new constitution, which contained nationality provisions in Chapter 6, reaffirming that persons of any of the constituent states of the Union were Soviet nationals. A new nationality statute was created in 1978, which incorporated all previous legislation for acquiring nationality. It expressly prohibited both dual nationality and extradition of a Soviet national to a foreign state. The final Soviet nationality statute was adopted in 1990 and went into effect on 1 January 1991. Under its terms, children acquired nationality by being born to parents who were Soviet nationals. It was primarily notable for codifying, rather than leaving the grounds for denaturalization up to the discretion of the

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Azerbaijani. Children born anywhere to Azerbaijani nationals acquired nationality at birth. Children born in the territory or born abroad to at least one parent who was a permanent resident of Azerbaijan also automatically became nationals, as did children born in Azerbaijan whose parents were stateless or unknown. The law contained no requirements for naturalization other than the filing of an application and taking of an oath of allegiance, but specified that applications could be rejected by the President of Azerbaijan for various actions that might harm the country. Nationals could renounce their nationality, if the state agreed that it would not be against the interests of the country and could repatriate upon application. Denaturalization was based upon a decision by authorities that a national was serving in the military or government administration of a foreign nation, was permanently residing abroad for more than five years, had acted in a manner to damage state interest or security, or had acquired nationality through fraud.

170:. Documentation must be presented to confirm that the applicant meets the residency requirements, has paid any taxes due to the state, has a certificate from the Ministry of Education verifying language proficiency, and documents which confirm the current nationality. Minor children follow the nationality of their parents, thus if a parent naturalizes and the child is under fourteen years old, the child automatically becomes Azerbaijani as long as both parents agree, or in the case that one parent is stateless. Naturalization is not allowed if the person has participated in activities that could damage the state, its territory or security, or the health, morality, or public order of the country; if they have been accused of attempting to overthrow or change the systems of the state or social order; or if they have participated in terrorism or activities that would foment hostility on the basis of race, religion, or ethnic superiority. The 547:. Under its terms, the soviet republics no longer defined nationality within their borders. Instead, nationality was acquired under the specifications of the Soviet law. Soviet passports indicated with which republic a national was affiliated and change of permanent residence automatically changed the state affiliation. The 1938 nationality law did not specify that nationality was acquired at birth through a Soviet parent and made no provisions for foundlings, leaving the possibility open that a child could be born stateless. It affirmed that those who had previously acquired Soviet nationality by being subjects of the Russian Empire and those who acquired it under prior laws remained nationals unless they had previously been denaturalized. It specified that persons who were 585:

territory acquired nationality. A new nationality act was passed in 1998, which provided that those who derived nationality based on residency in 1992 must have maintained a residency in Azerbaijan through the effective date of the 1998 statute. In other words, if they had left the country, arrived after 1 January 1992, or failed to maintain their residency registration, Azerbaijani nationals could lose their nationality, if they did not apply for nationality within one year of the effective date, 30 September 1999, of the law. Article 5 provided specifically that refugees who had arrived in the territory between 1 January 1988 to 1 January 1992 became automatic nationals. However, there were no provisions for persons living in the break-away state of the

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possessions in the Caucasus had been ceded to Russia. In Russia, persons residing in the territory of the empire were known as "poddanstvo" (subjects) and were under obligation of absolute subjection to the Tsar until 1917. Subjects were neither allowed to emigrate nor naturalize in a foreign state. The policy emphasized the collective nature of the community, which was jointly responsible to pay tax, provide labor, and share in the harvest to the landlord and state. Foreigners could not enter the country without the approval of the Tsar and were restricted to reside in specific areas and wear identifying clothing.

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of 1 January 1992, anyone who was a registered resident in Azerbaijan on that date was automatically conferred nationality. Persons who were of Azerbaijani descent, who were not residing in the country on the effective date were not granted nationality. Afterward, anyone born in the territory of Azerbaijan or to at least one Azerbaijani parent acquired Azerbaijani nationality, but dual nationality was barred. On 10 December a referendum confirmed that 99.89 percent of the voters in Nagorno-Karabakh favored independence. The Soviet Union officially ended on 26 December and the

106:. Nationality describes the relationship of an individual to the state under international law, whereas citizenship is the domestic relationship of an individual within the nation. Some countries use the terms nationality and citizenship as synonyms, despite their legal distinction and the fact that they are regulated by different governmental administrative bodies. Colloquially, as in most former Soviet states, citizenship is often used as a synonym for nationality, because nationality is associated with ethnicity. 526:

parent who was a national of one of the Soviet republics was automatically a national of that republic, as well as the federation. If the parents were residing abroad at the birth of the child, the parents could choose to have Soviet nationality or other nationality. Neither marriage nor naturalization of one party automatically impacted a spouse or children; however, if both parents changed their nationality or renounced Soviet nationality children under the age of fourteen followed the parental nationality.

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military forces in their region to prevent them diluting the power of the ruler, but they managed the civilian administration over the areas for which they governed. Ethnic groups had legal autonomy to regulate their own internal conflicts. Rulers were responsible for security in the realm and management of the economy. In exchange for protection, Persian subjects paid taxes and owed loyalty to the king and his leadership. Marriage in the period was

470:, set a precedent for annexation thereafter, establishing that residents could choose which nationality they wished to have after annexation terms were agreed upon. Persons who failed to express a desire within the allotted time frame to retain their existing nationality would automatically become Russian. An update to the nationality statutes in 1899 provided that children born anywhere to Russian parents automatically became Russian. 442:, and married women, unless their spouse was Russian. Treaties and trade agreements defined the extraterritorial jurisdiction of foreigners residing in the nation and gave foreigners special privileges, like exemptions from paying taxes, the right to practice their religion, and freedom of movement. From 1721, the only requirement for naturalization of foreigners in the 455:

could choose to acquire Russian nationality within one year of reaching majority, if they had been educated and grew up in Russia. Russian women who married foreigners were no longer Russian subjects and foreign women who married Russians automatically became Russian upon solemnization of a religious marriage. In 1879, Article 7 of the

137:, birth in Azerbaijan was the primary basis for acquiring nationality. A reversal of that policy was prompted by fears of the actions of neighboring post-Soviet spaces and challenges to Azerbaijani sovereignty. If both parents of a child born in Azerbaijan are foreigners or if one parent is a foreigner and the other is 590:

nationality at birth. Naturalization required a five year residency and fluency in the Azerbaijani language, but prohibited anyone from obtaining nationality if they would pose a threat to the health of the country, public order, or state security. Marriage had no effect on nationality, nor did dual nationality.

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Central Executive Committee of the Soviet Union. Nationals could be denaturalized for obtaining dual nationality, leaving federation territory without permission, or by a court order as a punishment for crime. An amendment (Law 581) in 1925 provided that persons who had been granted amnesty for service in the

560:. These included service to a foreign state or military, failure to register with a consulate while residing abroad, and falsifying information to obtain nationality. The law also changed the final authority on nationality decisions, moving the power to approve or deny from the Presidium to the president. 571:

declared its independence from the Soviet Union, though legally it was part of Azerbaijan which was followed 18 October by an independence declaration for Azerbaijan. Under the terms of the proposed constitution, adopted with the independence declaration and awaiting approval through a plebiscite, as

563:

On 23 September 1989, the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic declared its sovereignty, meaning that Soviet legislation was subordinated to that of Azerbaijan. Subsequently, on 26 June 1990, the Azerbaijan SSR issued a Citizenship Act acknowledging that those who previously were Azerbaijani remained

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In 2008, an amendment to the naturalization procedure clarified that the five-year residency period had to be continuous from the date of issuance of the residency permit and that residency had to be both legal and permanent; that applicants had to have a legal income; and that they must comply with

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ended, when they were replaced in late 1918 by British forces. In August 1918, the Azerbaijans passed the Act on Subjecthood, which defined subjects as those who were maternally descended from an Azerbaijani. One year later, the country passed a Law on Citizenship, which bestowed blanket nationality

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From 1864, naturalization required a five-year residency. Persons who were in service of the nation, who invested funds that benefited Russia, or who had unique ability or scientific knowledge could acquire nationality with a reduced residency period. Children born to foreigners in Russian territory

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and a specialist on Russian history gives the term of six months for the Treaty of Constantinople. The treaty states, "Les habitants des localités cédées à la Russie qui voudraient fixer leur résidence hors de ces territoires seront libres de se retirer, en vendant leurs propriétés immobilières. Un

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In 2016, the constitution was amended after a plebiscite to remove Article 53 which did not allow the state to deprive Azerbaijani of their affiliation to the state, but it did not amend Article 52, the right to unconditional jus soli. On 24 June 2016 the nationality statute was amended to include

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created a unitary nationality for all inhabitants of the various socialist republics. It presumed that anyone residing within the territory prior to enactment of the statute was automatically a Soviet national, unless they were able to prove otherwise. Under its terms, a child born to at least one

555:

A 1944 change to the Family Code repealed the right of a woman to sue for the father's identity and nationality to be bestowed upon a child born out of wedlock. The 1944 decree effected all applicable codes, making acquisition of nationality for an illegitimate child derivative of its mother. The

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did not spark an independence movement among the peoples in Arran, it did mark the start of the rise of political activity and ethnic identification. Upon the collapse of the Russian Empire in 1917, however, the provincial council declared the independence of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in

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A procedural amendment of 2 July 2014, provided that conflicts in national legislation were to be resolved according to international legal standards and that the Azerbaijan Service and Assessment Network was tasked with providing the necessary certification for verifying parental affiliation to

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In 1995, the new constitution was adopted. Nationality continued to be defined by birth in the territory or to an Azerbaijani, but removed the possibility that Azerbaijani could be deprived of their nationality. Specifically, Article 52 of the constitution stated that persons born in Azerbaijani

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Each Soviet republic was allowed to determine who was eligible for naturalization in their territory. Naturalization gave them Soviet nationality, but did not automatically grant the rights of citizenship other republics. Renunciation of nationality was allowed upon obtaining permission from the

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and his religious position, meaning that religious and political principles and offices were inseparable. Leaders served as religious and administrative authorities, teaching doctrine and acting to settle disputes, maintain order, and provide economic benefits to their communities. In exchange,

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establish the nationality of a child born to Azerbaijani parents. Further changes to the nationality law were made on 30 December 2014, and included that persons fourteen and older who repatriated were required to take an oath of allegiance, as was anyone who naturalized. On 18 March 2015, the

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to acquire Azerbaijani nationality. Equal weight was given to jus soli and jus sanguinis as a means to acquire nationality. Meaning children born anywhere to nationals of Azerbaijan (Article 11) and children born in Azerbaijan to stateless (Article 12) or unknown (Article 13) parents, acquired

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in Soviet territory but were foreigners without proof of other nationality were considered to be stateless, a reversal of the previous policy that they were automatically assumed to be Soviet. As a consequence, their children would also be stateless, unless they were allowed to naturalize upon

364:, successor state to Rome, were in conflict which caused a gradual decline and the eventual collapse of the Sassanid empire in the last half of the seventh century. At that time, Arabs brought Islam to the area and annexed Arran, as they called the former territory of Caucasian Albania, to the 330:

the king had absolute authority as the administrator of his subjects and armies, the giver of law, and the supreme judge of the empire. The centralized government of the empire was divided into satrapies, or provinces, for ease of management and taxation. Local satraps had no control over the

534:

and prisoners of war who had served in the Tsarist or Red Army who were abroad and failed to register with the Soviet Federation were deprived of their nationality, but could apply to be reinstated through naturalization. The mass denaturalizations of Russian people living abroad resulted in

450:

to swearing an oath of allegiance to the Tsar. The following year a decree was issued which confirmed that sons born in Russia to foreigners in service to the Tsar were automatically subjects of Russia. Russian policy on territorial annexation up to 1860 was that all persons living in such a

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led a campaign that established Russian dominance in the Northern Caucuses, including the northern part of Arran. Though the Persians retained control over the southern regions of Arran successive wars resulted in continuous loss of territory to the Russians and by 1828 all remaining Persian

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for obtaining other nationality; for serving in the government administration or armed services of a foreign country; for committing crimes against the state or state security; for actions related to religious extremism or terrorism including recruitment; or for fraud, misrepresentation, or

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Foreigners can apply for naturalization in Azerbaijan provided that they have continuously resided in the country, being absent no more than three months, for at least five years from the issuance of a permanent residency permit or confirmation of refugee status. General provisions are that

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concealment in acquiring nationality. Loss of nationality involves a legal proceeding in Azerbaijan, rather than being a process of the operation of law. Persons who have previously lost their Azerbaijani nationality may repatriate as long as they meet the requirements to naturalize.

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In 1930, a resolution was passed specifying that all people within Soviet territory who did not prove that they were nationals of a foreign state were to be recognized as Soviet. In 1938 a new Soviet Nationality Law was passed to conform with the provisions of the

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Persons who are current residents of Azerbaijan and who were nationals of Azerbaijan or the Azerbaijan SSR or who were born in the country prior to the 1998 Citizenship Act coming into force, but who did not gain nationality under the Act and have remained in the

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subjects were committed to the leader and the defense of Islam. Women were required to have a guardian, either their father, a relative, or the sultan, who gave her in marriage. After marriage, she was required to be obedient to her husband's authority over her.

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their nationality, provided that comply with registration processes. The government may oppose if the applicant has outstanding civic obligations to the state, persons, or legal entities, or is involved in a criminal proceeding. Nationals can be

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invaded the country. Though the government attempted to form a union with Persia, it was unable to come to terms and in September signed a treaty with Russia granting Russia control over its economy, foreign affairs, and military. In 1922, the

3298: 3459:[General Official Message on Citizenship and Citizenship Immigration Law in the Republics of the Former Soviet Union] (Report) (in Dutch). The Hague, Netherlands: Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs. August 2002. 461: 751:

On 18 November 1995, the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic passed legislation defining its citizens. Though the state issues passports, it is not internationally recognized and many of its citizens travel on Armenian or Russian

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and it can be grounds for criminal prosecution. Persons who acquire another nationality are required to notify the authorities within thirty days or risk denaturalization and/or payment of fines under the Criminal Code.

95:, as amended; the Citizenship Law of Azerbaijan and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, an Azerbaijani national. 698:, noted that despite the presumption of jus sanguinis, failure to specify that the principle applied made the nationality law subject to interpretation and in conflict with other legislation, such as the Family Code. 2550: 113:, i.e. by birth to parents with Azerbaijani nationality. It can be granted to persons with an affiliation to the country, or to a permanent resident who has lived in the country for a given period of time through 685:

délai de trois ans leur sera accordé à cet effet à partir de la ratification du présent acte. Passé ce délai, les habitants qui n'auraient pas quitté le pays et vendu leurs immeubles resteront sujets Russes".

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Persons with exceptional skill in the arts or culture, science, sport, or technology, whose contributions may be beneficial to the country may naturalize without meeting naturalization requirements; or

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formed the Kingdom of Albania. Roman annexation of Albania occurred between the first and third centuries AD, but as Rome declined, Persia re-established vassalage over the kingdom, first through the

158:

applicants have a legal income, have sufficiency in the Azerbaijani language, and respect the laws of the country. Applications for naturalization must be submitted to the State Migration Service (

174:

is the final authority on who is admitted as a national of the country. Those who are admitted as nationals must swear that they have no civic obligations outstanding to other states and take an

552:

reaching majority. In 1939, a resolution was passed which confirmed that laws which had previously been enacted but which countered the 1938 provision for statelessness were no longer valid.

368:. Arabic rule continued through the eleventh century. In the Islamic state, subjects were defined by religious allegiance and loyalty to a ruler was as a result of his membership in the 3377: 395:, when the Mongols divided their empire in 1256. The Il Khanate returned the region to Islamic practices but with predominant Persian cultural influences, which were retained by the 456: 3043: 402:

which was dominant between 1370 and 1405. Upon the collapse of the Timurids, two successive Turkic tribes ruled the area until it was returned to Persian dominance under the

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promised restructuring of economic and political systems and ignited concerns over what would befall the territory. A joint decision was made on 1 December 1989 by the

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approximately 1.5 million stateless persons who were unable to acquire nationality in their places of residence under restrictive policies implemented globally in the

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Persons who the state deems to be of special interest or those who have rendered significant service to the nation may naturalize without meeting other requirements.

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territory automatically were conferred Russian nationality, but the rights of citizenship of these groups varied based upon ethnicity, religion, and social status.

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became independent nations. Azerbaijan's referendum on independence was held three days later on 29 December, and approved by 95 percent of the voters.

3139: 2574: 3786: 102:, formal legal membership in a nation, differ from the domestic relationship of rights and obligations between a national and the nation, known as 2628:"Deprivation of Nationality, the Country of His Nationality in Article 1A(2) of the Refugee Convention, and Non-Recognition in International Law" 3484: 4092: 3358: 742:

was signed to bring peace by representatives of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic, an internationally unrecognized state.

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became dominant in the northeastern region of the territory lasting through the sixteenth century. The Kingdom was strongly influenced by the

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Citizenship, Territoriality, and Post-Soviet Nationhood: The Politics of Birthright Citizenship in Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova

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Children between the ages of fourteen and eighteen who consent to be naturalized at the time that their parents are naturalized;

3421:[The Problem of the Conformity of Changes to the Law on Citizenship of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Constitution]. 198:

Children who did not gain Azerbaijani nationality when their parent(s) nationality changed, through an administrative procedure;

4678: 4122: 4024: 3951: 3533: 4840: 3574: 3561: 3407: 3347: 3315: 3287: 3223: 3197: 3170: 3095: 3072: 2952: 2924: 2829: 2769: 2616: 2444: 544: 3114: 2788: 2632: 506: 306:, had conquered the southern part of what is Azerbaijan. For much of the history of the territory, was ruled by successive 3991: 3419:"'Azərbaycan Respublikasının vətəndaşlığı haqqında' Qanunda edilmiş dəyişiklik- lərin Konstitusiyaya uyğunluğu məsələsi" 4708: 4377: 4064: 568: 514: 510: 4884: 4803: 4474: 3507: 501: 467: 125:

Nationality in Azerbaijan is typically acquired by birth to an Azerbaijani or later in life through naturalization.

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Algemeen Ambtsbericht Staatsburgerschaps- en Vreemdelingenwetgeving in de republieken van de voormalige Sovjet-Unie

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In 2017, Azerbaijani citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 62 countries and territories, ranking the

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for control of the territory. These struggles weakened the Safavid Empire, which then came under attack by the

205:

Refugees or forced migrants who entered the country between 1988 and 1992, through an administrative procedure;

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or unknown, the child is not considered to be Azerbaijani. Those who can acquire nationality by birth include:

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upon any former Russian subject who had been born in Azerbaijan. The statute did not permit dual nationality.

4828: 4392: 4277: 4142: 3956: 3801: 3554:"The Definitive Treaty of Peace between Russia and the Porte: Signed at Constantinople on 8th February, 1879" 3373: 3249: 573: 4698: 1649: 5049: 4402: 4362: 4127: 3761: 3131: 3067:. Area Handbook Series (first ed.). Washington, D.C.: US Government Printing Office. pp. 79–148. 2576:

A Collection of Nationality Laws of Various Countries as Contained in Constitutions, Statutes and Treaties

4919: 4874: 4793: 4788: 4768: 4713: 4703: 4397: 4317: 4252: 4049: 3936: 3886: 3756: 731: 221: 2910: 387:, which had invaded in the eleventh century from Central Asia and ended the dominance of Arab rule. The 5098: 4869: 4846: 4783: 4763: 4723: 4607: 4582: 4577: 4407: 4382: 4287: 4222: 4212: 4202: 4192: 4132: 4117: 4112: 4087: 4069: 4001: 3931: 3901: 3791: 3570: 2854: 708: 483:

1918. The Republic was backed by the Ottoman Empire and Ottoman troops remained in the territory until

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in the second century BC. Between the fourth and third centuries BC the union of tribes throughout the

92: 2689:"Soviet Citizenship Legislation and Statelessness as a Consequence of the Conflict of Nationality Law" 4738: 4622: 4597: 4552: 4547: 4497: 4422: 4372: 4347: 4342: 4312: 4267: 4257: 4217: 4187: 4177: 4167: 4082: 4059: 4034: 3971: 3891: 3816: 3781: 3751: 3746: 3741: 3682: 3476: 625: 2964:"The Issue of the Development of the Preamble to the Armenian Constitution: From Theory to Practice" 5093: 5070: 4823: 4693: 4683: 4663: 4658: 4653: 4612: 4522: 4502: 4487: 4337: 4307: 4262: 4247: 4207: 4197: 4172: 4102: 4097: 4044: 4039: 4029: 3981: 3976: 3966: 3916: 3911: 3906: 3896: 3876: 3871: 3861: 3831: 3821: 3811: 3806: 3796: 3776: 3736: 3726: 3418: 3189: 2963: 2944: 279: 67: 35: 2627: 4798: 4778: 4743: 4733: 4728: 4718: 4688: 4632: 4627: 4587: 4567: 4562: 4527: 4507: 4492: 4442: 4437: 4432: 4352: 4327: 4302: 4292: 4272: 4182: 4107: 3996: 3986: 3921: 3856: 3846: 3836: 3826: 3771: 3731: 2641: 2608: 2580: 479: 381: 171: 3526: 3188:. Bridging Tourism Theory and Practice. Vol. 10 (first ed.). Bingley, West Yorkshire: 2745: 5036: 4818: 4808: 4773: 4673: 4617: 4602: 4537: 4532: 4517: 4412: 4387: 4357: 4282: 4242: 4074: 3946: 3881: 3866: 3851: 2916: 396: 369: 3156: 4879: 4637: 4592: 4557: 4542: 4512: 4367: 4297: 4054: 3669: 3426: 3397: 3181: 3083: 3060: 2815: 2752:. Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice. Vol. 80. Cham, Switzerland: 2480: 599: 266: 2430: 2285: 2273: 5000: 4973: 4864: 4427: 3664: 3629: 615: 521:, which lasted until 1936 and was then separated into its constituent states. In 1924, the 275: 239: 159: 8: 4990: 4909: 4452: 3637: 3279: 2261: 2213: 831: 829: 681: 586: 548: 315: 3106: 414:

From the beginning of the eighteenth century, conflict emerged between the Safavids and

4889: 3610: 3594: 3339: 3010: 2890: 2874: 2821: 2775: 2541:[Thematic Official Message on Citizenship and Alien Legislation in Azerbaijan] 695: 661: 175: 826: 247: 5031: 4983: 3614: 3602: 3586: 3430: 3403: 3343: 3311: 3283: 3219: 3193: 3166: 3091: 3068: 3014: 2983: 2975: 2948: 2920: 2894: 2882: 2866: 2825: 2779: 2765: 2718: 2710: 2661: 2653: 2612: 2584: 2539:

Thematisch ambtsbericht staatsburgerschaps- en vreemdelingenwetgeving in Azerbeidzjan

2440: 723: 720: 447: 365: 341: 319: 182: 2435:. Historical Dictionaries of Europe. Vol. 77 (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: 4914: 3578: 3307: 3272:

Shaffer, Brenda (2005). Babak, Vladimir; Vaisman, Demian; Wasserman, Aryeh (eds.).

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Adoptees of Azerbaijani nationals upon completion of a legal adoption if requested;

2841:"The Separation of State and Religion in the Development of Early Islamic Society" 4995: 3705: 3369: 3245: 2753: 2436: 423: 357: 353: 345: 337:

meaning the wife was legally incapacitated and under the control of her husband.

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Children born anywhere to at least one parent who is an Azerbaijani national; or

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Conflict and Peace in Central Eurasia: Towards Explanations and Understandings

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invaded in the thirteenth century, subjugating the Shirvanshah Kingdom to the

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Political Organization in Central Asia and Azerbaijan: Sources and Documents

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Caucasian Albania has no relationship to the European nation located on the

4952: 3086:. In Olson, James S.; Pappas, Lee Brigance; Pappas, Nicholas C. J. (eds.). 2701:(1). London: British Institute of International and Comparative Law: 1–54. 665: 653: 522: 3455: 2649: 2394: 2362: 2333: 2291: 2279: 2267: 2219: 835: 5010: 4968: 3207: 2051: 2049: 1128: 961: 712: 484: 406:

in 1501. The Safavids were the predominant power in the area until 1722.

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Directie Consulaire Zaken en Migratiebeleid Afdeling Asiel (July 2011).

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Humans have been present in the territory now known as Azerbaijan since

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Groups which were prohibited from becoming Russian subjects included

392: 295: 109:

Azerbaijani nationality is typically obtained under the principle of

3582: 3212:"Nationality and Citizenship in a Changing European and World Order" 4978: 4944: 3674: 3184:. In Correia, Antónia; Kozak, Metin; Rodrigues, Ana Isabel (eds.). 2793: 1035: 1033: 1031: 1029: 1027: 1025: 1023: 1021: 1019: 1017: 716: 497: 349: 134: 2297: 1386: 711:

over what would become of the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast.

3630:"The Referendum on Independence of the Nagorno Karabakh Republic" 2974:(1). Chişinău, Moldova: Institutul Național al Justiţiei: 46–51. 1843: 1804: 1792: 1181: 1064: 1062: 1060: 911: 909: 649: 645: 431: 3036:"23 Year[s] Later, Bishkek Protocol Remains Unfulfilled" 1910: 1908: 1906: 1600: 1598: 1596: 1014: 694:

George Ginsburgs, a professor of comparative and foreign law at

3306:. Themes in Islamic Studies. Vol. 5. Leiden, Netherlands: 3088:

An Ethnohistorical Dictionary of the Russian and Soviet Empires

2481:"Russian Scholar Calls Emigration of Jews a Game Without Rules" 2309: 435: 327: 323: 186: 3530:

Munich Graduate School for East and Southeast European Studies

3011:"Parliament Makes Changes to Law on Citizenship of Azerbaijan" 1057: 1045: 990: 978: 906: 1920: 1903: 1816: 1780: 1756: 1593: 1116: 410:

Persian, Ottoman, and Russian conflicts (18th–19th centuries)

314:

in the sixth century BC and then in the fourth century BC by

299: 3525: 1643: 789: 787: 785: 3628: 2508:

General Country of Origin Information Report for Azerbaijan

2506:

Country of Origin Information Reports Section (July 2020).

2505: 2400: 2384: 2382: 2373: 2344: 2203: 2201: 2199: 2178: 1436: 1434: 1151: 1139: 1095: 1002: 972: 951: 949: 947: 945: 943: 941: 858: 856: 847: 189:

whose parents are unknown, after an administrative process;

167: 148:

Children born in Azerbaijan, if both parents are stateless.

133:

Until the 2014 amendment changed nationality requirements,

3186:

Experiencing Persian Heritage: Perspectives and Challenges

3104: 2350: 2321: 2073: 2055: 2007: 1983: 1710: 1708: 1362: 928: 926: 924: 734:

calling for the reunification of the Armenian SSR and the

344:

collapsed, Caucasian Albania became a vassal state of the

2237: 2061: 1944: 1720: 1693: 1157: 1106: 1104: 875: 873: 871: 782: 770: 439: 2379: 2249: 2196: 2148: 2138: 2136: 1971: 1855: 1627: 1625: 1480: 1478: 1431: 1398: 1225: 1223: 1074: 938: 896: 894: 892: 890: 888: 853: 728:

Supreme Soviet of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

3300:

Women in Classical Islamic Law: A Survey of the Sources

3182:"2. Heritage Tourism in Iran: A Historical Perspective" 2160: 2109: 2036: 2034: 2019: 1961: 1959: 1891: 1705: 1683: 1681: 1679: 1499: 1497: 1495: 1493: 1453: 1451: 1449: 1273: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1254: 1252: 1250: 921: 804: 802: 298:

began settling in the region and within a century, the

3634:

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Artsakh

2789:"It's 30 Years since the Collapse of the Soviet Union" 2184: 2097: 1995: 1867: 1833: 1831: 1768: 1581: 1421: 1419: 1417: 1415: 1413: 1374: 1340: 1338: 1336: 1334: 1283: 1198: 1196: 1101: 868: 3499: 2406: 2225: 2133: 2121: 1744: 1732: 1622: 1533: 1475: 1220: 1187: 885: 3218:. Turku, Finland: Turku Law School. pp. 30–60. 3129: 3090:. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press. pp. 27–29. 2787:

Joly, Josephine; Daunt, Rebekah (13 December 2021).

2750:

Legal Traditions in Asia: History, Concepts and Laws

2569:

Flournoy, Richard W. Jr.; Hudson, Manley O. (1929).

2031: 1956: 1932: 1879: 1676: 1610: 1490: 1446: 1350: 1264: 1247: 1208: 1039: 799: 120: 2085: 1828: 1463: 1410: 1331: 1193: 579: 519:

Transcaucasian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic

473: 248:

https://en.trend.az/azerbaijan/society/3242560.html

1569: 1557: 1545: 1521: 1509: 1319: 1307: 1295: 1235: 814: 707:Beginning in 1988, Armenia and Azerbaijan were at 310:. The Median Empire was defeated in the region by 3278:. Cummings Center Series (2nd ed.). London: 1664: 1169: 5085: 3065:Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia: County Studies 2940:Russian Citizenship: From Empire to Soviet Union 2536: 2315: 2303: 1914: 1068: 1051: 996: 984: 915: 738:. The conflict did not end until 1994, when the 491: 3180:Roque, Maria Isabel; Forte, Maria João (2019). 3107:Nationality Laws of the Former Soviet Republics 2292:Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs 2002 2280:Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs 2002 2268:Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs 2002 2220:Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs 2002 836:Department of Asylum and Migration Affairs 2002 3501:"Global Ranking – Visa Restriction Index 2017" 2571:"(Russia) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics" 2568: 2456:"Azerbaijan Marks 29 Years Since Independence" 1849: 1822: 1810: 1798: 1786: 1762: 1604: 294:times. From the ninth century BC semi-nomadic 3690: 3132:Responses to Information Requests: Azerbaijan 3111:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees 2607:(3rd ed.). Haywards Heath, West Sussex: 2545:(Report) (in Dutch). The Hague, Netherlands: 4837:Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands 2846:International Journal of Middle East Studies 3665:Texts of the Azerbaijani law on citizenship 2694:International and Comparative Law Quarterly 360:. By the fourth century, the Sasanians and 55:An Act relating to Azerbaijani citizenship 3697: 3683: 3399:Azerbaijan: An Introduction to the Country 3356: 3331: 3296: 3179: 3105:Regional Bureau for Europe (1 July 1993). 2388: 2327: 2255: 2207: 2154: 2067: 1726: 1714: 1699: 1440: 1404: 1392: 1122: 1080: 1008: 955: 932: 879: 862: 793: 776: 270:Visa requirements for Azerbaijani citizens 262:Visa requirements for Azerbaijani citizens 251:https://www.azernews.az/nation/165342.html 26: 3130:Research Directorate (25 November 2016). 2968:Revista Institutului Naţional de Justiţie 2786: 2686: 2190: 2025: 2013: 2001: 1989: 1977: 1950: 1926: 1861: 1774: 3425:(in Azerbaijani) (1). Baku, Azerbaijan: 3416: 3033: 3008: 2961: 2908: 2602: 2453: 2412: 2356: 2142: 2127: 2115: 1289: 1163: 1110: 900: 808: 265: 3506:. Henley & Partners. Archived from 3359:"Report on Citizenship Law: Azerbaijan" 3271: 3232: 3154: 3136:Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada 2838: 2428: 2166: 2103: 2079: 2040: 1965: 1885: 1873: 1750: 1738: 1616: 1587: 1503: 1484: 1380: 1368: 1229: 322:(or Albanoi) and retained the Persian 5086: 3402:. Novi Ligure, Italy: Edizioni Epoké. 3081: 3058: 2478: 1938: 1687: 1457: 1356: 1277: 1258: 1214: 215: 3678: 3644:from the original on 10 December 2021 3575:American Society of International Law 3562:American Journal of International Law 3540:from the original on 19 February 2022 3487:from the original on 17 February 2022 3475: 3395: 3383:from the original on 27 December 2021 3206: 3117:from the original on 26 February 2022 2625: 2524:from the original on 27 February 2022 2489:. Allentown, Pennsylvania. p. B4 2243: 2231: 2091: 1657:American Journal of International Law 1469: 1425: 1344: 1202: 1175: 820: 680:, chair of the History Department at 545:1936 Constitution of the Soviet Union 3704: 3259:from the original on 8 February 2022 2933: 2813: 2743: 2633:International Journal of Refugee Law 1897: 1837: 1670: 1631: 1575: 1563: 1551: 1539: 1527: 1515: 1325: 1313: 1301: 1241: 507:Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic 255: 152: 2801:from the original on 9 January 2022 2454:Bayramli, Nigar (18 October 2020). 466:which was signed at the end of the 278:74th in the world according to the 233: 13: 3463:from the original on 12 March 2022 3357:Tabachnik, Maxim (January 2019b). 3327:from the original on 9 March 2022. 3142:from the original on 13 March 2022 2687:Ginsburgs, George (January 1966). 2605:Fransman's British Nationality Law 2513:(Report). The Hague, Netherlands: 569:Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast 515:Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic 511:Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic 14: 5110: 3658: 3046:from the original on 3 March 2022 2547:Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken 2515:Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken 2466:from the original on 14 June 2021 1644:Ludwig Maximilian University 2014 121:Acquiring Azerbaijani nationality 5066: 5065: 3787:Democratic Republic of the Congo 3483:. Valletta, Malta: CCLEX. 2022. 3423:Baku State University Law Review 3233:Salenko, Alexander (July 2012). 3034:Mehdiyev, Mushvig (5 May 2017). 3021:from the original on 21 May 2020 2912:A Historical Atlas of Azerbaijan 2853:(4). Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: 2839:Lapidus, Ira M. (October 1975). 2479:Blount, Donald (20 March 1986). 2432:Historical Dictionary of Armenia 2401:Information Reports Section 2020 2374:Information Reports Section 2020 2345:Information Reports Section 2020 2179:Ministry of Foreign Affairs 2018 1152:Information Reports Section 2020 1140:Information Reports Section 2020 1096:Information Reports Section 2020 973:Information Reports Section 2020 848:Information Reports Section 2020 745: 701: 580:Post-independence (1991–present) 474:War and independence (1905–1920) 4932:Birth aboard aircraft and ships 3109:(Report). Geneva, Switzerland: 3082:Pappas, Nicholas C. J. (1994). 3009:Mehdiyev, Elchin (1 May 2020). 2962:Manasyan, Anahit (April 2019). 2421: 2056:Regional Bureau for Europe 1993 688: 671: 638: 574:fifteen former Soviet republics 558:Presidium of the Supreme Soviet 4769:Federated States of Micronesia 4133:St. Vincent and the Grenadines 3670:Azerbaijani law on citizenship 3216:Law Under Exogenous Influences 736:Mountainous Region of Karabakh 621:Migration policy of Azerbaijan 238:Azerbaijan does not recognize 1: 3477:"Dual Citizenship Azerbaijan" 3374:European University Institute 3297:Spectorsky, Susan A. (2010). 3250:European University Institute 3063:. In Curtis, Glenn E. (ed.). 2429:Adalian, Rouben Paul (2010). 759: 492:Soviet Azerbaijan (1920–1991) 5050:British Overseas Territories 3534:Ludwig Maximilian University 2943:. Cambridge, Massachusetts: 764: 500:backed by supporters in the 376:From the ninth century, the 356:and then its successor, the 7: 4920:Renunciation of citizenship 3134:(Report). Ottawa, Ontario: 656:in the eastern part of the 609: 502:Azerbaijani Communist Party 446:changed from conversion to 220:Azerbaijani are allowed to 128: 98:The legal means to acquire 21:Azerbaijani Citizenship Act 10: 5115: 3571:Cambridge University Press 3332:Tabachnik, Maxim (2019a). 3214:. In Suksi, Markku (ed.). 2855:Cambridge University Press 2640:(3). Oxford, Oxfordshire: 1850:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1823:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1811:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1799:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1787:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1763:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1605:Flournoy & Hudson 1929 1188:Henley & Partners 2017 285: 259: 93:Constitution of Azerbaijan 5045: 5019: 4961: 4902: 4855: 4756: 4646: 4473: 4466: 4235: 4160: 4017: 4010: 3719: 3712: 3577:: 424–426. October 1908. 3481:dualcitizenshipreport.org 3417:Yusifova, Nərgiz (2015). 2909:Liberman, Sherri (2004). 2863:10.1017/S0020743800025344 2762:10.1007/978-3-030-43728-2 2603:Fransman, Laurie (2011). 1040:Research Directorate 2016 626:Visa policy of Azerbaijan 587:Nagorno-Karabakh Republic 567:On 2 September 1991, the 326:as governors. In ancient 73: 63: 41: 34: 25: 20: 3767:Central African Republic 3636:. Stepanakert, Artsakh: 3527:"Prof. Eric Lohr, Ph.D." 3235:"Country Report: Russia" 3190:Emerald Group Publishing 2945:Harvard University Press 1395:, pp. 64–65, 70–71. 732:Artsakh National Council 631: 457:Treaty of Constantinople 164:Dövlәt Miqrasiya Xidmәti 68:Government of Azerbaijan 36:Parliament of Azerbaijan 4865:Commonwealth of Nations 3451:(subscription required) 3161:. Leiden, Netherlands: 3155:Rezvani, Babak (2015). 3004:(subscription required) 2814:King, David C. (2006). 2739:(subscription required) 2682:(subscription required) 2642:Oxford University Press 2609:Bloomsbury Professional 2598:(subscription required) 2581:Oxford University Press 730:and Nagorno-Karabakh's 480:1905 Russian Revolution 280:Visa Restrictions Index 172:President of Azerbaijan 4679:Bosnia and Herzegovina 3446: – via 3396:Verda, Matteo (2014). 3138:. Report AZE105680.E. 3059:Nichol, James (1995). 2999: – via 2917:Rosen Publishing Group 2915:. New York, New York: 2734: – via 2677: – via 2593: – via 2579:. New York, New York: 1441:Roque & Forte 2019 370:confessional community 318:, who called the area 304:ancient Persian people 271: 163: 5062:Partially recognized. 3927:São Tomé and Príncipe 3427:Baku State University 3338:. Cham, Switzerland: 2707:10.1093/iclqaj/15.1.1 2316:Consular Affairs 2011 2304:Consular Affairs 2011 2191:Joly & Daunt 2021 1915:Consular Affairs 2011 1069:Consular Affairs 2011 1052:Consular Affairs 2011 997:Consular Affairs 2011 985:Consular Affairs 2011 916:Consular Affairs 2011 600:Cabinet of Azerbaijan 269: 5001:Second-class citizen 4974:Multiple citizenship 4443:United Arab Emirates 4077:(Kingdom of Denmark) 3280:Taylor & Francis 3042:. Baku, Azerbaijan. 3013:. Baku, Azerbaijan. 2744:Jany, János (2020). 2626:Fripp, Eric (2016). 2583:. pp. 510–515. 2462:. Baku, Azerbaijan. 1929:, pp. 9–10, 14. 652:. It was located in 616:Azerbaijani passport 509:was joined with the 276:Azerbaijani passport 91:is regulated by the 4991:Permanent residency 4910:Loss of citizenship 4885:Caribbean Community 4138:Trinidad and Tobago 4123:St. Kitts and Nevis 4025:Antigua and Barbuda 3638:Republic of Artsakh 3532:. Munich, Germany: 2756:. pp. 83–116. 2650:10.1093/ijrl/eew061 2246:, pp. 476–477. 2082:, pp. 149–150. 1900:, pp. 181–182. 1852:, pp. 514–515. 1813:, pp. 513–514. 1801:, pp. 512–513. 1661:, pp. 425–426. 1371:, pp. 363–364. 1125:, pp. 7–8, 11. 682:American University 549:permanent residents 496:In April 1920, the 378:Shirvanshah Kingdom 316:Alexander the Great 216:Loss of nationality 77:Current legislation 4065:Dominican Republic 3569:(4 Supplemental). 3340:Palgrave Macmillan 3192:. pp. 29–42. 2822:Marshall Cavendish 696:Rutgers University 662:Caucasus Mountains 272: 176:oath of allegiance 5099:Law of Azerbaijan 5081: 5080: 5055:Open border with 4898: 4897: 4752: 4751: 4231: 4230: 4151:US Virgin Islands 4078: 3802:Equatorial Guinea 3409:978-88-98014-34-7 3349:978-3-030-12881-4 3317:978-90-04-17435-1 3289:978-0-7146-4838-5 3225:978-951-29-0284-2 3199:978-1-78754-812-1 3172:978-90-04-27636-9 3097:978-0-313-27497-8 3074:978-0-7881-2813-4 3015:Trend News Agency 2954:978-0-674-06634-2 2926:978-0-8239-4497-2 2831:978-0-7614-2011-8 2771:978-3-03-043728-2 2618:978-1-84592-095-1 2446:978-0-8108-7450-3 2359:, pp. 18–19. 2306:, pp. 13–14. 2294:, pp. 18–19. 2282:, pp. 17–18. 2016:, pp. 16–17. 1992:, pp. 12–13. 1634:, pp. 39–40. 1542:, pp. 20–21. 1166:, pp. 19–20. 1154:, pp. 28–29. 1098:, pp. 29–30. 1011:, pp. 8, 10. 724:Mikhail Gorbachev 721:Russian President 468:Russo-Turkish War 448:Russian Orthodoxy 366:Abbasid Caliphate 342:Macedonian Empire 340:When Alexander's 320:Caucasian Albania 256:Visa requirements 153:By naturalization 81: 80: 5106: 5069: 5068: 4915:Denaturalization 4804:Papua New Guinea 4789:Marshall Islands 4471: 4470: 4076: 4015: 4014: 3717: 3716: 3706:Nationality laws 3699: 3692: 3685: 3676: 3675: 3653: 3651: 3649: 3625: 3623: 3621: 3558: 3549: 3547: 3545: 3522: 3520: 3518: 3513:on 8 August 2019 3512: 3505: 3496: 3494: 3492: 3472: 3470: 3468: 3452: 3445: 3443: 3441: 3413: 3392: 3390: 3388: 3382: 3363: 3353: 3328: 3326: 3308:Brill Publishers 3305: 3293: 3268: 3266: 3264: 3258: 3239: 3229: 3203: 3176: 3163:Brill Publishers 3151: 3149: 3147: 3126: 3124: 3122: 3101: 3078: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3030: 3028: 3026: 3005: 2998: 2996: 2994: 2958: 2930: 2905: 2903: 2901: 2835: 2810: 2808: 2806: 2797:. Lyon, France. 2783: 2740: 2733: 2731: 2729: 2683: 2676: 2674: 2672: 2622: 2599: 2592: 2565: 2563: 2561: 2555: 2549:. Archived from 2544: 2533: 2531: 2529: 2523: 2512: 2502: 2496: 2494: 2486:The Morning Call 2475: 2473: 2471: 2450: 2416: 2410: 2404: 2398: 2392: 2386: 2377: 2371: 2360: 2354: 2348: 2342: 2331: 2325: 2319: 2313: 2307: 2301: 2295: 2289: 2283: 2277: 2271: 2265: 2259: 2253: 2247: 2241: 2235: 2229: 2223: 2217: 2211: 2205: 2194: 2188: 2182: 2176: 2170: 2164: 2158: 2152: 2146: 2140: 2131: 2125: 2119: 2113: 2107: 2101: 2095: 2089: 2083: 2077: 2071: 2065: 2059: 2053: 2044: 2038: 2029: 2023: 2017: 2011: 2005: 1999: 1993: 1987: 1981: 1975: 1969: 1963: 1954: 1953:, pp. 9–11. 1948: 1942: 1936: 1930: 1924: 1918: 1912: 1901: 1895: 1889: 1883: 1877: 1871: 1865: 1859: 1853: 1847: 1841: 1835: 1826: 1820: 1814: 1808: 1802: 1796: 1790: 1784: 1778: 1772: 1766: 1760: 1754: 1748: 1742: 1736: 1730: 1724: 1718: 1712: 1703: 1697: 1691: 1685: 1674: 1668: 1662: 1653: 1647: 1641: 1635: 1629: 1620: 1614: 1608: 1602: 1591: 1585: 1579: 1573: 1567: 1561: 1555: 1549: 1543: 1537: 1531: 1525: 1519: 1513: 1507: 1501: 1488: 1482: 1473: 1467: 1461: 1455: 1444: 1438: 1429: 1423: 1408: 1402: 1396: 1390: 1384: 1378: 1372: 1366: 1360: 1354: 1348: 1342: 1329: 1323: 1317: 1311: 1305: 1299: 1293: 1287: 1281: 1275: 1262: 1256: 1245: 1239: 1233: 1227: 1218: 1212: 1206: 1200: 1191: 1185: 1179: 1173: 1167: 1161: 1155: 1149: 1143: 1137: 1126: 1120: 1114: 1108: 1099: 1093: 1084: 1078: 1072: 1066: 1055: 1049: 1043: 1037: 1012: 1006: 1000: 994: 988: 982: 976: 970: 959: 953: 936: 930: 919: 913: 904: 898: 883: 877: 866: 860: 851: 845: 839: 833: 824: 818: 812: 806: 797: 796:, pp. 9–10. 791: 780: 779:, pp. 8–10. 774: 753: 749: 743: 740:Bishkek Protocol 705: 699: 692: 686: 675: 669: 646:Balkan peninsula 642: 465: 362:Byzantine Empire 296:Scythian peoples 246:Changed in 2020 240:dual nationality 234:Dual nationality 30: 18: 17: 5114: 5113: 5109: 5108: 5107: 5105: 5104: 5103: 5094:Nationality law 5084: 5083: 5082: 5077: 5041: 5015: 4996:Right of return 4957: 4894: 4857: 4851: 4814:Solomon Islands 4748: 4714:Northern Cyprus 4709:North Macedonia 4642: 4477: 4462: 4227: 4156: 4006: 3708: 3703: 3661: 3656: 3647: 3645: 3619: 3617: 3583:10.2307/2212671 3556: 3543: 3541: 3516: 3514: 3510: 3503: 3490: 3488: 3466: 3464: 3450: 3439: 3437: 3410: 3386: 3384: 3380: 3370:Badia Fiesolana 3361: 3350: 3324: 3318: 3303: 3290: 3262: 3260: 3256: 3246:Badia Fiesolana 3237: 3226: 3200: 3173: 3145: 3143: 3120: 3118: 3098: 3075: 3061:"2. Azerbaijan" 3049: 3047: 3024: 3022: 3003: 2992: 2990: 2955: 2927: 2899: 2897: 2832: 2804: 2802: 2772: 2754:Springer Nature 2738: 2727: 2725: 2681: 2670: 2668: 2619: 2597: 2559: 2557: 2556:on 22 June 2012 2553: 2542: 2527: 2525: 2521: 2510: 2492: 2490: 2469: 2467: 2447: 2437:Scarecrow Press 2424: 2419: 2411: 2407: 2399: 2395: 2389:Tabachnik 2019b 2387: 2380: 2372: 2363: 2355: 2351: 2343: 2334: 2330:, pp. 7–8. 2328:Tabachnik 2019b 2326: 2322: 2314: 2310: 2302: 2298: 2290: 2286: 2278: 2274: 2266: 2262: 2256:Tabachnik 2019b 2254: 2250: 2242: 2238: 2230: 2226: 2218: 2214: 2208:Tabachnik 2019b 2206: 2197: 2189: 2185: 2177: 2173: 2165: 2161: 2155:Tabachnik 2019b 2153: 2149: 2141: 2134: 2126: 2122: 2114: 2110: 2102: 2098: 2090: 2086: 2078: 2074: 2068:Tabachnik 2019a 2066: 2062: 2054: 2047: 2039: 2032: 2024: 2020: 2012: 2008: 2000: 1996: 1988: 1984: 1980:, pp. 3–4. 1976: 1972: 1964: 1957: 1949: 1945: 1937: 1933: 1925: 1921: 1913: 1904: 1896: 1892: 1884: 1880: 1876:, pp. 5–6. 1872: 1868: 1864:, pp. 2–3. 1860: 1856: 1848: 1844: 1836: 1829: 1821: 1817: 1809: 1805: 1797: 1793: 1785: 1781: 1773: 1769: 1761: 1757: 1749: 1745: 1737: 1733: 1727:Tabachnik 2019a 1725: 1721: 1715:Tabachnik 2019b 1713: 1706: 1700:Tabachnik 2019a 1698: 1694: 1686: 1677: 1669: 1665: 1654: 1650: 1642: 1638: 1630: 1623: 1615: 1611: 1603: 1594: 1590:, pp. 3–4. 1586: 1582: 1574: 1570: 1562: 1558: 1550: 1546: 1538: 1534: 1526: 1522: 1514: 1510: 1502: 1491: 1483: 1476: 1468: 1464: 1456: 1447: 1439: 1432: 1424: 1411: 1405:Spectorsky 2010 1403: 1399: 1393:Spectorsky 2010 1391: 1387: 1379: 1375: 1367: 1363: 1355: 1351: 1343: 1332: 1324: 1320: 1312: 1308: 1300: 1296: 1288: 1284: 1276: 1265: 1257: 1248: 1240: 1236: 1228: 1221: 1213: 1209: 1201: 1194: 1186: 1182: 1174: 1170: 1162: 1158: 1150: 1146: 1138: 1129: 1123:Tabachnik 2019b 1121: 1117: 1109: 1102: 1094: 1087: 1081:Tabachnik 2019b 1079: 1075: 1067: 1058: 1050: 1046: 1038: 1015: 1009:Tabachnik 2019b 1007: 1003: 995: 991: 983: 979: 971: 962: 956:Tabachnik 2019b 954: 939: 933:Tabachnik 2019b 931: 922: 914: 907: 899: 886: 880:Tabachnik 2019b 878: 869: 865:, pp. 1–2. 863:Tabachnik 2019b 861: 854: 846: 842: 834: 827: 819: 815: 807: 800: 794:Tabachnik 2019b 792: 783: 777:Tabachnik 2019b 775: 771: 767: 762: 757: 756: 750: 746: 706: 702: 693: 689: 676: 672: 643: 639: 634: 612: 582: 494: 476: 459: 424:Peter the Great 412: 358:Sasanian Empire 354:Parthian Empire 346:Seleucid Empire 312:Cyrus the Great 308:Persian Empires 288: 264: 258: 236: 218: 155: 131: 123: 88:nationality law 64:Enacted by 59: 56: 51: 50: 12: 11: 5: 5112: 5102: 5101: 5096: 5079: 5078: 5076: 5075: 5063: 5060: 5053: 5046: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5023: 5021: 5017: 5016: 5014: 5013: 5008: 5003: 4998: 4993: 4988: 4987: 4986: 4976: 4971: 4965: 4963: 4959: 4958: 4956: 4955: 4950: 4949: 4948: 4941: 4934: 4927:Naturalization 4924: 4923: 4922: 4917: 4906: 4904: 4900: 4899: 4896: 4895: 4893: 4892: 4887: 4882: 4880:Nordic Council 4877: 4872: 4870:European Union 4867: 4861: 4859: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4844: 4833:American Samoa 4826: 4821: 4816: 4811: 4806: 4801: 4796: 4791: 4786: 4781: 4776: 4771: 4766: 4760: 4758: 4754: 4753: 4750: 4749: 4747: 4746: 4744:United Kingdom 4741: 4736: 4731: 4726: 4721: 4716: 4711: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4691: 4686: 4681: 4676: 4671: 4666: 4661: 4656: 4650: 4648: 4647:Rest of Europe 4644: 4643: 4641: 4640: 4635: 4630: 4625: 4620: 4615: 4610: 4605: 4600: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4580: 4575: 4570: 4565: 4560: 4555: 4550: 4545: 4540: 4535: 4530: 4525: 4520: 4515: 4513:Czech Republic 4510: 4505: 4500: 4495: 4490: 4484: 4482: 4475:European Union 4468: 4464: 4463: 4461: 4460: 4455: 4450: 4445: 4440: 4435: 4430: 4425: 4420: 4415: 4410: 4405: 4400: 4395: 4390: 4385: 4380: 4375: 4370: 4365: 4360: 4355: 4350: 4345: 4340: 4335: 4330: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4310: 4305: 4300: 4295: 4290: 4285: 4280: 4275: 4270: 4265: 4260: 4255: 4250: 4245: 4239: 4237: 4233: 4232: 4229: 4228: 4226: 4225: 4220: 4215: 4210: 4205: 4200: 4195: 4190: 4185: 4180: 4175: 4170: 4164: 4162: 4158: 4157: 4155: 4154: 4140: 4135: 4130: 4125: 4120: 4115: 4110: 4105: 4100: 4095: 4090: 4085: 4080: 4072: 4067: 4062: 4057: 4052: 4047: 4042: 4037: 4032: 4027: 4021: 4019: 4012: 4008: 4007: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3992:Western Sahara 3989: 3984: 3979: 3974: 3969: 3964: 3959: 3954: 3949: 3944: 3939: 3934: 3929: 3924: 3919: 3914: 3909: 3904: 3899: 3894: 3889: 3884: 3879: 3874: 3869: 3864: 3859: 3854: 3849: 3844: 3839: 3834: 3829: 3824: 3819: 3814: 3809: 3804: 3799: 3794: 3789: 3784: 3782:Congo Republic 3779: 3774: 3769: 3764: 3759: 3754: 3749: 3744: 3739: 3734: 3729: 3723: 3721: 3714: 3710: 3709: 3702: 3701: 3694: 3687: 3679: 3673: 3672: 3667: 3660: 3659:External links 3657: 3655: 3654: 3626: 3550: 3523: 3497: 3473: 3453: 3414: 3408: 3393: 3354: 3348: 3329: 3316: 3294: 3288: 3269: 3230: 3224: 3204: 3198: 3177: 3171: 3152: 3127: 3102: 3096: 3079: 3073: 3056: 3031: 3006: 2959: 2953: 2931: 2925: 2906: 2836: 2830: 2811: 2784: 2770: 2741: 2684: 2623: 2617: 2600: 2566: 2534: 2503: 2499:Newspapers.com 2476: 2451: 2445: 2425: 2423: 2420: 2418: 2417: 2405: 2393: 2378: 2361: 2349: 2332: 2320: 2308: 2296: 2284: 2272: 2260: 2248: 2236: 2234:, p. 477. 2224: 2212: 2195: 2183: 2171: 2169:, p. 150. 2159: 2147: 2132: 2120: 2108: 2096: 2084: 2072: 2070:, p. 105. 2060: 2045: 2030: 2026:Ginsburgs 1966 2018: 2014:Ginsburgs 1966 2006: 2002:Ginsburgs 1966 1994: 1990:Ginsburgs 1966 1982: 1978:Ginsburgs 1966 1970: 1955: 1951:Ginsburgs 1966 1943: 1931: 1927:Ginsburgs 1966 1919: 1902: 1890: 1878: 1866: 1862:Ginsburgs 1966 1854: 1842: 1840:, p. 148. 1827: 1825:, p. 514. 1815: 1803: 1791: 1789:, p. 512. 1779: 1775:Ginsburgs 1966 1767: 1765:, p. 511. 1755: 1743: 1731: 1729:, p. 200. 1719: 1704: 1702:, p. 155. 1692: 1675: 1663: 1648: 1636: 1621: 1609: 1607:, p. 510. 1592: 1580: 1568: 1556: 1544: 1532: 1520: 1508: 1489: 1474: 1462: 1445: 1430: 1409: 1397: 1385: 1383:, p. 364. 1373: 1361: 1349: 1330: 1318: 1306: 1294: 1282: 1263: 1246: 1234: 1219: 1207: 1192: 1180: 1168: 1156: 1144: 1127: 1115: 1100: 1085: 1073: 1056: 1044: 1013: 1001: 989: 977: 960: 937: 920: 905: 884: 867: 852: 840: 825: 813: 798: 781: 768: 766: 763: 761: 758: 755: 754: 744: 700: 687: 670: 636: 635: 633: 630: 629: 628: 623: 618: 611: 608: 581: 578: 537:interwar years 493: 490: 475: 472: 444:Russian Empire 420:Russian Empire 416:Ottoman Empire 411: 408: 404:Safavid Empire 400:Timurid Empire 287: 284: 260:Main article: 257: 254: 235: 232: 217: 214: 213: 212: 209: 206: 203: 199: 196: 193: 190: 154: 151: 150: 149: 146: 130: 127: 122: 119: 115:naturalization 79: 78: 71: 70: 65: 61: 60: 58: 57: 54: 44: 43: 42: 39: 38: 32: 31: 23: 22: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5111: 5100: 5097: 5095: 5092: 5091: 5089: 5074: 5073: 5064: 5061: 5058: 5057:Schengen Area 5054: 5051: 5048: 5047: 5044: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5009: 5007: 5006:Statelessness 5004: 5002: 4999: 4997: 4994: 4992: 4989: 4985: 4982: 4981: 4980: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4970: 4967: 4966: 4964: 4960: 4954: 4951: 4947: 4946: 4942: 4940: 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4121: 4119: 4116: 4114: 4111: 4109: 4106: 4104: 4101: 4099: 4096: 4094: 4091: 4089: 4086: 4084: 4081: 4079: 4073: 4071: 4068: 4066: 4063: 4061: 4058: 4056: 4053: 4051: 4048: 4046: 4043: 4041: 4038: 4036: 4033: 4031: 4028: 4026: 4023: 4022: 4020: 4016: 4013: 4009: 4003: 4000: 3998: 3995: 3993: 3990: 3988: 3985: 3983: 3980: 3978: 3975: 3973: 3970: 3968: 3965: 3963: 3960: 3958: 3955: 3953: 3950: 3948: 3945: 3943: 3940: 3938: 3935: 3933: 3930: 3928: 3925: 3923: 3920: 3918: 3915: 3913: 3910: 3908: 3905: 3903: 3900: 3898: 3895: 3893: 3890: 3888: 3885: 3883: 3880: 3878: 3875: 3873: 3870: 3868: 3865: 3863: 3860: 3858: 3855: 3853: 3850: 3848: 3845: 3843: 3842:Guinea-Bissau 3840: 3838: 3835: 3833: 3830: 3828: 3825: 3823: 3820: 3818: 3815: 3813: 3810: 3808: 3805: 3803: 3800: 3798: 3795: 3793: 3790: 3788: 3785: 3783: 3780: 3778: 3775: 3773: 3770: 3768: 3765: 3763: 3760: 3758: 3755: 3753: 3750: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3738: 3735: 3733: 3730: 3728: 3725: 3724: 3722: 3718: 3715: 3711: 3707: 3700: 3695: 3693: 3688: 3686: 3681: 3680: 3677: 3671: 3668: 3666: 3663: 3662: 3643: 3639: 3635: 3631: 3627: 3616: 3612: 3608: 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3588: 3584: 3580: 3576: 3572: 3568: 3565:(in French). 3564: 3563: 3555: 3551: 3539: 3536:. July 2014. 3535: 3531: 3528: 3524: 3509: 3502: 3498: 3486: 3482: 3478: 3474: 3462: 3458: 3454: 3449: 3436: 3432: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3415: 3411: 3405: 3401: 3400: 3394: 3379: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3366:cadmus.eui.eu 3360: 3355: 3351: 3345: 3341: 3337: 3336: 3330: 3323: 3319: 3313: 3309: 3302: 3301: 3295: 3291: 3285: 3281: 3277: 3276: 3270: 3255: 3251: 3247: 3243: 3242:cadmus.eui.eu 3236: 3231: 3227: 3221: 3217: 3213: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3195: 3191: 3187: 3183: 3178: 3174: 3168: 3164: 3160: 3159: 3153: 3141: 3137: 3133: 3128: 3116: 3112: 3108: 3103: 3099: 3093: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3076: 3070: 3066: 3062: 3057: 3045: 3041: 3037: 3032: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3007: 3002: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2973: 2969: 2965: 2960: 2956: 2950: 2946: 2942: 2941: 2936: 2932: 2928: 2922: 2918: 2914: 2913: 2907: 2896: 2892: 2888: 2884: 2880: 2876: 2872: 2868: 2864: 2860: 2856: 2852: 2848: 2847: 2842: 2837: 2833: 2827: 2823: 2820:. Singapore: 2819: 2818: 2812: 2800: 2796: 2795: 2790: 2785: 2781: 2777: 2773: 2767: 2763: 2759: 2755: 2751: 2747: 2746:"Persian Law" 2742: 2737: 2724: 2720: 2716: 2712: 2708: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2695: 2690: 2685: 2680: 2667: 2663: 2659: 2655: 2651: 2647: 2643: 2639: 2635: 2634: 2629: 2624: 2620: 2614: 2610: 2606: 2601: 2596: 2590: 2586: 2582: 2578: 2577: 2572: 2567: 2552: 2548: 2540: 2535: 2520: 2516: 2509: 2504: 2500: 2488: 2487: 2482: 2477: 2465: 2461: 2457: 2452: 2448: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2433: 2427: 2426: 2414: 2413:Mehdiyev 2020 2409: 2403:, p. 27. 2402: 2397: 2390: 2385: 2383: 2376:, p. 29. 2375: 2370: 2368: 2366: 2358: 2357:Yusifova 2015 2353: 2347:, p. 26. 2346: 2341: 2339: 2337: 2329: 2324: 2318:, p. 14. 2317: 2312: 2305: 2300: 2293: 2288: 2281: 2276: 2270:, p. 17. 2269: 2264: 2257: 2252: 2245: 2240: 2233: 2228: 2222:, p. 16. 2221: 2216: 2209: 2204: 2202: 2200: 2192: 2187: 2180: 2175: 2168: 2163: 2156: 2151: 2144: 2143:Bayramli 2020 2139: 2137: 2129: 2128:Mehdiyev 2017 2124: 2118:, p. 49. 2117: 2116:Manasyan 2019 2112: 2106:, p. 59. 2105: 2100: 2094:, p. 34. 2093: 2088: 2081: 2076: 2069: 2064: 2057: 2052: 2050: 2042: 2037: 2035: 2028:, p. 18. 2027: 2022: 2015: 2010: 2003: 1998: 1991: 1986: 1979: 1974: 1967: 1962: 1960: 1952: 1947: 1941:, p. B4. 1940: 1935: 1928: 1923: 1916: 1911: 1909: 1907: 1899: 1894: 1887: 1882: 1875: 1870: 1863: 1858: 1851: 1846: 1839: 1834: 1832: 1824: 1819: 1812: 1807: 1800: 1795: 1788: 1783: 1776: 1771: 1764: 1759: 1753:, p. 52. 1752: 1747: 1741:, p. 18. 1740: 1735: 1728: 1723: 1716: 1711: 1709: 1701: 1696: 1690:, p. 91. 1689: 1684: 1682: 1680: 1672: 1667: 1660: 1658: 1652: 1645: 1640: 1633: 1628: 1626: 1618: 1613: 1606: 1601: 1599: 1597: 1589: 1584: 1578:, p. 28. 1577: 1572: 1566:, p. 17. 1565: 1560: 1554:, p. 16. 1553: 1548: 1541: 1536: 1530:, p. 14. 1529: 1524: 1518:, p. 12. 1517: 1512: 1505: 1500: 1498: 1496: 1494: 1487:, p. 17. 1486: 1481: 1479: 1472:, p. 23. 1471: 1466: 1460:, p. 89. 1459: 1454: 1452: 1450: 1443:, p. 32. 1442: 1437: 1435: 1428:, p. 22. 1427: 1422: 1420: 1418: 1416: 1414: 1407:, p. 89. 1406: 1401: 1394: 1389: 1382: 1377: 1370: 1365: 1359:, p. 28. 1358: 1353: 1347:, p. 21. 1346: 1341: 1339: 1337: 1335: 1328:, p. 98. 1327: 1322: 1316:, p. 85. 1315: 1310: 1304:, p. 84. 1303: 1298: 1292:, p. 17. 1291: 1290:Liberman 2004 1286: 1280:, p. 88. 1279: 1274: 1272: 1270: 1268: 1261:, p. 27. 1260: 1255: 1253: 1251: 1244:, p. 22. 1243: 1238: 1232:, p. 16. 1231: 1226: 1224: 1217:, p. 87. 1216: 1211: 1205:, p. 20. 1204: 1199: 1197: 1189: 1184: 1177: 1172: 1165: 1164:Yusifova 2015 1160: 1153: 1148: 1142:, p. 30. 1141: 1136: 1134: 1132: 1124: 1119: 1113:, p. 19. 1112: 1111:Yusifova 2015 1107: 1105: 1097: 1092: 1090: 1083:, p. 11. 1082: 1077: 1071:, p. 18. 1070: 1065: 1063: 1061: 1054:, p. 17. 1053: 1048: 1041: 1036: 1034: 1032: 1030: 1028: 1026: 1024: 1022: 1020: 1018: 1010: 1005: 999:, p. 21. 998: 993: 987:, p. 20. 986: 981: 975:, p. 28. 974: 969: 967: 965: 958:, p. 10. 957: 952: 950: 948: 946: 944: 942: 934: 929: 927: 925: 918:, p. 16. 917: 912: 910: 903:, p. 18. 902: 901:Yusifova 2015 897: 895: 893: 891: 889: 881: 876: 874: 872: 864: 859: 857: 850:, p. 25. 849: 844: 837: 832: 830: 823:, p. 34. 822: 817: 810: 809:Fransman 2011 805: 803: 795: 790: 788: 786: 778: 773: 769: 748: 741: 737: 733: 729: 725: 722: 718: 714: 710: 704: 697: 691: 683: 679: 674: 667: 663: 659: 658:Transcaucasus 655: 651: 647: 641: 637: 627: 624: 622: 619: 617: 614: 613: 607: 603: 601: 595: 591: 588: 577: 575: 570: 565: 561: 559: 553: 550: 546: 540: 538: 533: 527: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 503: 499: 489: 486: 481: 471: 469: 463: 458: 452: 449: 445: 441: 437: 433: 428: 425: 421: 417: 407: 405: 401: 398: 394: 390: 389:Mongol Empire 386: 385:Seljuk Empire 383: 382:Turko-Persian 379: 374: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 351: 347: 343: 338: 336: 335: 329: 325: 321: 317: 313: 309: 305: 301: 297: 293: 283: 281: 277: 268: 263: 253: 252: 249: 244: 241: 231: 228: 227:denaturalized 223: 210: 207: 204: 200: 197: 194: 191: 188: 184: 181: 180: 179: 177: 173: 169: 165: 161: 147: 144: 143: 142: 140: 136: 126: 118: 116: 112: 111:jus sanguinis 107: 105: 101: 96: 94: 90: 89: 86: 76: 72: 69: 66: 62: 53: 52: 49: 48: 40: 37: 33: 29: 24: 19: 16: 5071: 5037:Soviet Union 5032:Ancient Rome 5027:Nazi Germany 4953:Repatriation 4943: 4936: 4903:By procedure 4668: 4438:Turkmenistan 4393:Saudi Arabia 3957:South Africa 3942:Sierra Leone 3747:Burkina Faso 3713:By continent 3646:. 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