863:
25:
1314:'they disgust me'. This features is shared with many other varieties of Spanish, including much of Latin America and the Canary Islands, as well as much of northwestern Spain, the likely origin of this velarization. This syllable-final nasal can even be deleted, leaving behind just a nasal vowel at the end of a word.
1275:, is general in most of Andalusia, and may likely be able to trace its origin to Astur-leonese settlers. That said, pockets of a distinction remain in rural parts of Huelva, Seville, and Cadiz. This merger has since spread to most of Latin American Spanish, and, in recent decades, to most of urban Peninsular Spanish.
2031:
dialects of northwestern Spain are similarly conservative, lacking leísmo, and the dominance of this more conservative direct object pronoun system in
Andalusia may be due to the presence of Asturleonese settlers in the Reconquista. Subsequent dialect levelling in newly founded Andalusian towns would
1258:
The leniting of syllable-final consonants is quite frequent in middle-class speech, and some level of lenition is sociolinguistically unmarked within
Andalusia, forming part of the local standard. That said, Andalusian speakers do tend to reduce the rate of syllable-final lenition in formal speech.
502:
Due to the large population of
Andalusia, Andalusian dialects are among the most widely spoken dialects in Spain. Within the Iberian Peninsula, other southern varieties of Spanish share some core elements of Andalusian, mainly in terms of phonetics – notably
2739:
1597:
As a result, these varieties have five vowel phonemes, each with a tense allophone (roughly the same as the normal realization in northern
Spanish; , , , , , hereafter transcribed without diacritics) and a lax allophone (, , , , ). In addition to this, a process of
1922:
is associated with rural and uncultured speech, but it has made some headway in urban speech. Because of this variation in final liquid consonants, transcriptions in this article follow the distribution found in
Standard Peninsular
2762:
1367:
suffix, this feature is common to all peninsular variants of
Spanish, while in other positions it is widespread throughout most of the southern half of Spain. Also, as occurs in most of the Spanish-speaking world, final
1404:
and some other western regions, and it was carried to Latin
America by Andalusian settlers, where it also enjoys low status. Nowadays, this characteristic is limited to rural areas in Western Andalusia and the
2206:, meaning pulling faces and gesticulating, historically associated with Muslim prayers). These can be found in older texts of Andalusi. There are some doublets of Arabic-Latinate synonyms with the
489:. Andalusian Spanish has historically been stigmatized at a national level, though this appears to have changed in recent decades, and there is evidence that the speech of Seville or the
1000:
found that many
Andalusians alternate between a variety of sibilants, with little discernible pattern. Additionally, the idea that areas of rural Andalusia at one time exclusively used
1065:
provides a map showing the different ways of pronouncing these sounds in different parts of
Andalusia. The map's information almost entirely corresponds to the results from the
485:
features. Many of these are innovations which, spreading from
Andalusia, failed to reach the higher strata of Toledo and Madrid speech and become part of the Peninsular norm of
2302:("little fried fish") is a popular dish in Andalusia, and this spelling is used in many parts of Spain when referring to this dish. For general usage, the spelling would be
990:
The pronunciation of these sounds in Andalusia differs geographically, socially, and among individual speakers, and there has also been some shift in favor of the standard
4465:
1587:, or it may instead simply be fronted. In some towns, in the mid-20th century at least, it overlapped with the quality of, or even merged with, , the lax allophone of
3991:
3251:
951:). Unless a specific dialect is transcribed, transcriptions in this article follow the standard pattern found in the syllable onset, so that the orthographic
2152:
and Old Spanish origin occur in Andalusian which are not found in other dialects in Spain (but many of these may occur in South American and, especially, in
1209:
Andalusian Spanish phonology includes a large number of other distinctive features, compared to other dialects. Many of these are innovations, especially
1383:
feature of Andalusian Spanish is the way some people retain an sound in words which had such a sound in medieval Spanish, which originally comes from
3445:
1024:
is stigmatized and usually associated with rural areas, it is worth noting that it was historically found in some large cities such as Huelva and
1376:
throughout the vocabulary is also shared with several Asturian and Cantabrian dialects, pointing to a possible Asturian origin for this feature.
1384:
2977:
1138:
as well as northern Seville province, most of southern Córdoba, including the capital, and parts of Jaén, far western Granada, very northern
1059:
are associated with education, youth, urban areas, and monitored speech. The strong influence of media and school may be driving this shift.
1523:-lenition outside Andalusia. S-aspiration is general in all of the southern half of Spain, and now becoming common in the northern half too.
3984:
3643:
3430:
Lloret, Maria-Rosa (2007), "On the Nature of Vowel Harmony: Spreading with a Purpose", in Bisetto, Antonietta; Barbieri, Francesco (eds.),
561:
890:
Most Spanish dialects in Spain differentiate, at least in pre-vocalic position, between the sounds represented in traditional spelling by
3524:
3238:
3220:
2993:
Dialectología andaluza : estudios: historia, fonética y fonología, lexicología, metodología, onomasiología y comentario filológico
980:
2846:
2298:. In other cases, the dropped "d" may be used in standard Spanish for terms closely associated with Andalusian culture. For example,
1380:
1066:
820:
1971:(without the formal connotation, as happens in other parts of Spain). For example, the standard second person plural verb forms for
1694:
may assimilate the place of articulation of the following consonant. As a result, both merge as a single voiceless consonant; Thus,
1583:, typically transcribed , differs according to a number of geographic and social factors. It may be lower than a typical word-final
1437:. This feature may be connected to northwestern settlers during the reconquista, who came from areas such as eastern Asturias where
1565:('houses') by vowel quality, whereas northern Spanish speakers would have central vowels in both words and a terminal alveolar in
1112:, as found in the rest of Peninsular Spanish, is native to the very northeastern regions of Almería, Granada and Jaén, to northern
1251:
most syllable-final consonants. A number of these features, so characteristic of Spain's south, may have ultimately originated in
3977:
89:
61:
2457:"Perception of speaker age and speaker origin in a sound change in progress: The case of /s/-aspiration in Andalusian Spanish"
2044:) is similarly typical of central Spain and not present in Andalusia, and, though not prescriptively correct according to the
4153:
3513:
3099:
2645:"Seseo, ceceo y distinción en el sociolecto alto de la ciudad de Sevilla: nuevos datos a partir de los materiales de PRESEEA"
2342:
In Andalusia, there is a movement promoting the status of Andalusian as a separate language and not as a dialect of Spanish.
3616:
3584:
Ropero Núñez, Miguel (1992): "Un aspecto de lexicología histórica marginado: los préstamos del caló" (en Cervantes Virtual)
68:
3670:
3233:
3215:
787:
406:
42:
2032:
favor the more simple grammatical system, that is, the one without leísmo. Laísmo (the substitution of indirect pronoun
4649:
2196:
origin that have become archaisms or unknown in general Spanish can be found, together with multitude of sayings: e.g.
926:
797:
3146:
2238:
Some words pronounced in the Andalusian dialects have entered general Spanish with a specific meaning. One example is
4206:
3565:
3000:
984:
108:
3611:
Morillo-Velarde Pérez, Ramon: "Un modelo de variación sintáctica dialectal: El demostrativo de realce en el andaluz"
3124:
Las hablas andaluzas y la enseñanza de la lengua. Actas de las XII Jornadas sobre la enseñanza de la lengua española
1239:
between vowels, and a number of reductions in the syllable coda, which includes occasionally merging the consonants
75:
4047:
3636:
1424:
708:
519:
1530:
can also be pronounced as , or elided entirely, before a following word that starts with a vowel sound, like for
1165:, including the capital, as of 1933, though it was in decline in many places and associated with the lower class.
1148:
is found in southern Huelva, most of Seville, including an area surrounding but not including the capital, all of
743:
396:
4172:
4000:
3471:
2356:
57:
46:
1807:
Mainly in Western Andalusia, /s/-aspiration can result in post-aspiration of following voiceless stops, as in
1113:
1073:. These sources generally highlight the most common pronunciation, in colloquial speech, in a given locality.
4644:
3475:
1432:
1761:'feature'. This kind of devoicing is less widespread, geographically and socially, than simple assimilation.
3958:
2337:
1821:
1701:
758:
264:
4367:
1942:
1935:
1931:
1927:
1919:
1915:
1905:
1901:
1891:
1882:
1878:
1864:
1858:
1848:
1844:
1836:
1815:
1808:
1795:
1791:
1765:
1752:
1734:
1722:
1711:
1707:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1655:
1648:
1641:
1626:
1618:
1588:
1584:
1580:
1573:
1554:
1527:
1520:
1516:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1448:
1442:
1438:
1418:
1410:
1386:
1373:
1369:
1318:
1305:
1278:
1272:
1268:
1244:
1240:
1236:
1232:
1109:
1105:
1085:
1081:
976:
972:
968:
960:
948:
920:
911:
584:
580:
568:
563:
132:
4639:
3629:
1771:
576:
496:
3315:
3306:
Sociophonetically-based phonology: An Optimality Theoretic account of /s/ lenition in Salvadoran Spanish
1097:
2468:
2317:
1728:
934:
750:
676:
1282:
4348:
2958:
1914:
is always . These consonants may also be dropped in utterance-final position. Merging syllable-final
1819:
1769:
1746:
1744:
1726:
1699:
1430:
1422:
932:
924:
767:
203:
198:
183:
1519:
as occurs in the speech of all social classes within Andalusia, and is the most widespread form of
522:
dialects share some fundamental characteristics with Western Andalusian Spanish, such as the use of
4095:
3525:"The Effect of Syllable Position on Consonant Reduction (Evidence from Catalan Consonant Clusters)"
3467:
3280:
1862:
1630:
715:
690:
478:
2290:. Note that, when referring to the flamenco terms, the correct spelling drops the "d"; a flamenco
2149:
3969:
3942:
3806:
2024:
1576:
are affected by this process, although most evidence shows they are lowered to a moderate degree.
1308:
often becomes a velar nasal , including when before another word starting in a vowel, as in for
1293:
provinces), where the dorsal is retained. This aspirated pronunciation is also heard in most of
722:
683:
193:
173:
35:
82:
4145:
3330:
Dalbor, John B. (March 1980). "Observations on Present-Day Seseo and Ceceo in Southern Spain".
2371:
910:, pronounced . However, in many areas of Andalusia, the two phonemes are not distinguished and
284:
208:
3400:
1089:
4024:
3937:
3932:
3801:
3776:
2045:
2028:
1557:
fronting to , while the other vowels are lowered. Thus, in these varieties one distinguishes
1252:
844:
697:
653:
642:
269:
1290:
1281:
is usually aspirated, or pronounced , except in some eastern Andalusian sub-varieties (i.e.
1139:
4189:
4080:
3610:
3604:
3599:
3532:
1602:
may take place where tense vowels that precede a lax vowel may become lax themselves, e.g.
1414:
1180:
1044:
729:
662:
552:. Much of Latin American Spanish shares some other Andalusian characteristics too, such as
294:
1826:. This change is recent, being led by young women, and is present at least in Seville and
1149:
8:
4381:
4184:
4108:
4085:
3857:
1852:
1622:
1214:
1162:
349:
213:
4254:
3115:
Moya Corral, Juan Antonio; Baliña García, Leopoldo I.; Cobos Navarro, Ana María (2007).
4416:
4399:
4342:
4287:
4281:
4135:
4123:
4113:
4075:
4029:
3872:
3832:
3786:
3740:
3705:
3652:
3503:
3439:
Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003),
3389:
3347:
3041:
2971:
2413:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2022).
2097:
1286:
1188:
1152:
including the capital, most of Málaga, western Granada, and parts of southern Almería.
1101:
617:
470:
323:
319:
223:
591:
is also strongly similar to Western Andalusian Spanish due to its settlement history.
386:
4435:
4394:
4315:
4248:
4070:
4057:
3862:
3745:
3710:
3561:
3509:
3440:
3393:
3360:
3095:
3006:
2996:
2857:
2754:
2526:
2482:
2414:
2153:
1683:
862:
775:
622:
188:
4329:
4178:
4158:
2661:
2644:
1217:, and some of Andalusian Spanish's most distinct lenitions and mergers occur in the
1117:
1033:
402:
4481:
4430:
4361:
4224:
4214:
4118:
4103:
4019:
4004:
3902:
3867:
3842:
3837:
3749:
3715:
3701:
3666:
3594:
3541:
3454:
3416:
3381:
3339:
3256:
3116:
3087:
3033:
2656:
2516:
2472:
2361:
2145:
2056:
The standard form of the second-person plural imperative with a reflexive pronoun (
1890:'frying pan'). As briefly mentioned above, aspirated and assimilated realizations (
1614:
1482:
1176:
1172:
1093:
1039:
Above all in eastern Andalusia, but also in locations in western Andalusia such as
612:
607:
588:
486:
440:
428:
218:
178:
4513:
3796:
3605:
Gomez Solis, Felipe: Contribucion a las Historia Linguistica de Andalucia: Cordoba
3078:
Torreira, Francisco (2007). "Pre- and postaspirated stops in Andalusian Spanish".
2954:
2367:
4460:
4301:
4235:
4229:
4196:
4034:
3910:
3852:
3847:
3721:
3696:
2376:
2325:
2207:
2193:
1546:
1512:
832:
634:
627:
508:
354:
165:
3581:
Guitarte, Guillermo L. (1992): "Cecear y palabras afines" (en Cervantes Virtual)
4503:
4493:
4219:
3545:
2792:
2500:
1018:-using have in fact alternated between use of and with little pattern. While
808:
670:
338:
3459:
3438:
3385:
2567:
1896:
4633:
4618:
4065:
3781:
3554:
2995:. Pilar Carrasco, Manuel Galeote ( ed.). Málaga: Universidad de Málaga.
2904:
2861:
2758:
2530:
2486:
2266:, which are examples of the dropped "d"; in standard spelling these would be
2247:
1599:
1536:'the waves'. This can also occur at morpheme boundaries within a word, as in
1452:
1218:
1198:
156:
4129:
3372:
Herrero de Haro, Alfredo; Hajek, John (2020), "Eastern Andalusian Spanish",
3304:
3010:
1910:
1477:
A list of Andalusian lenitions and mergers in the syllable coda that affect
4554:
4268:
3771:
3421:
3404:
3276:
3091:
1959:
Many Western Andalusian speakers replace the informal second person plural
1840:
474:
345:
279:
3147:"Variación y cambio en las consonantes oclusivas del español de Andalucía"
2399:. Twenty-third edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version:
2007:
as a pronoun for animate, masculine direct objects, a phenomenon known as
4519:
3466:
2747:
Lletres asturianes: Boletín Oficial de l'Academia de la Llingua Asturiana
2714:
2702:
2690:
2615:
2521:
2504:
2156:
dialects due to the greater influence of Andalusian there). For example:
1945:('virgin') varies between and , with the latter being degeminated from .
1401:
1294:
1125:
1070:
289:
152:
4605:
2395:
Eberhard, David M., Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2020.
514:
Due to massive emigration from Andalusia to the Spanish colonies in the
4564:
4534:
3877:
3405:"A New Hypothesis on the Origin of the Eastern Andalusian Vowel System"
3338:(1). American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese: 5–19.
2796:
2477:
2456:
2313:
1877:
1634:
1478:
1184:
971:⟩. Additionally, in most regions of Andalusia which distinguish
737:
3351:
3045:
1255:
speaking areas of north-western Spain, where they can still be found.
4585:
4544:
4527:
3621:
3114:
2419:
2321:
1827:
1550:
1409:
culture. This pronunciation represents resistance to the dropping of
1298:
469:. They include perhaps the most distinct of the southern variants of
466:
454:
379:
367:
274:
142:
4451:
3252:"La extrema izquierda andaluza reivindica el 'andalûh' en el Senado"
2423:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
2351:
2068:
in informal speech, whereas in Andalusian, and other dialects, too,
2008:
1263:
1223:
555:
547:
504:
473:, differing in many respects from northern varieties in a number of
24:
4591:
4441:
3343:
3037:
3024:
Obaid, Antonio H. (March 1973). "The Vagaries of the Spanish "S"".
2740:"El origen asturleonés de algunos fenómenos andaluces y americanos"
2251:
1843:. This means much of the phonetic distinction between intervocalic
1839:
are usually voiced, especially in male speech, and can even become
1406:
1210:
531:
515:
449:
414:
3999:
1460:
1349:('often'). This is especially common in the past participle; e.g.
1025:
4498:
4487:
3811:
3560:(2nd ed.), Biblioteca Romanica Hispanica, Editorial Gredos,
2909:
2907:
2847:"The Loss of Intervocalic and Final /d/ in the Iberian Peninsula"
2309:
2242:, ("debauchery", or "partying"), the Andalusian pronunciation of
2202:
1456:
1322:
1248:
1135:
1069:, realized in the early 1930s in Andalusia and also described in
1029:
482:
462:
410:
327:
1400:(standard Spanish 'fed up'). This also occurs in the speech of
1231:
sound like the English , velarization of word- and phrase-final
3827:
3791:
1040:
1120:, and to a small region of northern Huelva. Also according to
2568:
Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003
2515:(2). Association of Departments of Foreign Languages: 48–59.
1779:
1503:
1157:
996:. As testament to the prevalence of intra-speaker variation,
942:
916:
539:
458:
2400:
1553:
when before an underlying elided obstruent. This results in
1372:
is usually dropped. This widespread elision of intervocalic
1171:
was likewise found, in 1933, in a southern, coastal area of
3595:
Isogloss maps of phonetic variants in the Iberian Peninsula
3432:
Proceedings of the XXXIII Incontro di Grammatica Generativa
3361:"Prosodically Conditioned Articulatory Variation: A Review"
2100:
of some words may not match that of Standard Spanish, e.g.
2027:
with regards to the Latin etymology of these pronouns. The
1686:
obstruent may assimilate the voicelessness of a preceding
413:
characters. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see
3122:. In Moya Corral, Juan Antonio; Sosiński, Marcin (eds.).
2370:
is pronounced with Andalusian phonetics among Andalusian
1515:(pronounced ) or deleted. The simple aspiration of final
1134:
predominates in much of northwestern Huelva, the city of
1126:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933)
1071:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933)
3316:"Gestural syllable position effects in American English"
2715:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933
2703:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933
2691:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933
2616:
Navarro Tomás, Espinosa & Rodríguez-Castellano (1933
2278:, while the same terms in more general Spanish may be
1908:
never occurs before a vowel, even at word boundaries.
2210:
form being more common in Andalusian like Andalusian
3371:
2937:
2579:
2254:
lexicon incorporates many Andalusisms, for example,
1989:(formal), but in Western Andalusian one often hears
1851:
is in fact maintained by differences in voicing and
1197:
was also found in the Murcian villages of Perín and
1006:
has been challenged, and many speakers described as
2797:"Sobre el bilingüismo anglo-hispánico en Gibraltar"
1868:in syllable-final position, as in instead of for
511:as well as, to a lesser degree, Manchegan Spanish.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3600:Ariza, Manuel: Lingüística e historia de Andalucía
3553:
3409:Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society
3323:Producing Speech: Contemporary Issues for K Harris
3080:Segmental and Prosodic Issues in Romance Phonology
2674:
2672:
2048:, is frequently heard on Radio and TV programmes.
3446:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
3374:Journal of the International Phonetic Association
2960:En la Andalucía de la e: Dialectología pintoresca
1028:, although not in the more prestigious cities of
4631:
4569:(Portuguese-based creole with Spanish influence)
3313:
3066:
2990:
2894:
2892:
2890:
2003:Although mass media have generalised the use of
1455:to in Western Andalusia, including cities like
2669:
2642:
2626:
2624:
3551:
2844:
1621:) can be aspirated as well. Also, liquids and
1472:
1221:. Most broadly, these characteristics include
3985:
3637:
3399:
3309:(PhD). University of California, Los Angeles.
2949:
2887:
2733:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2725:
2723:
2192:('the day before yesterday'). A few words of
1990:
1984:
1978:
1972:
1966:
1960:
1785:
1777:
1756:
1738:
1537:
1531:
1464:
1395:
1362:
1356:
1350:
1344:
1338:
1332:
1326:
1309:
1192:
1166:
1143:
1129:
1054:
1048:
1019:
1013:
1007:
1001:
991:
940:
553:
545:
537:
529:
523:
490:
2621:
1876:('the'). The opposite may also happen, i.e.
3321:, in Bell-Berti, F.; Raphael, L.J. (eds.),
3226:
3208:
3144:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2011:, many Andalusians still use the normative
1900:) are also common. Neutralization of final
1572:There is disagreement as to whether or not
1545:In Eastern Andalusian dialects, as well as
3992:
3978:
3644:
3630:
2976:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
2720:
1104:, while the distinction between an apical
3617:Castilian-Andalusian phonetic transformer
3508:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3458:
3420:
2660:
2520:
2476:
2412:
2389:
1204:
1067:Linguistic Atlas of the Iberian Peninsula
923:. In other areas, the sound manifests as
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
3522:
3358:
3239:Diccionario de la Real Academia Española
3221:Diccionario de la Real Academia Española
3077:
3062:
3058:
2780:
2643:Santana Marrero, Juana (December 2016).
2450:
2448:
2446:
2444:
2442:
2406:
2246:(originally "period without work", now "
1949:
1047:, and Seville, there is a shift towards
861:
3403:; Sanders, Benjamin P. (25 June 1995).
3126:(in Spanish). Granada. pp. 275–281
3082:. Current Issues in Linguistic Theory.
2324:, is based on Andalusian Spanish, with
536:for the second person informal plural,
407:question marks, boxes, or other symbols
4632:
3651:
3429:
3329:
3314:Browman, C. P.; Goldstein, L. (1995),
3302:
2953:
2913:
2791:
2603:
2591:
2499:
1633:to the following consonant, producing
997:
448:
3973:
3625:
3501:
3275:
3202:
3190:
3178:
3023:
2925:
2898:
2881:
2832:
2820:
2737:
2678:
2630:
2555:
2543:
2439:
2433:
1421:phoneme, which derives from medieval
1142:, and the city of Almería. Likewise,
1121:
1077:
1062:
931:(a sound close, but not identical to
439:
2454:
2331:
2132:are lexicalised expressions to mean
1926:In Western Andalusian, an aspirated
1080:, the distinction between a laminal
914:is used for both, which is known as
47:adding citations to reliable sources
18:
3474:; Rodríguez-Castellano, L. (1933).
3365:U.C.L.A Working Papers in Phonetics
3281:"A vueltas con el seseo y el ceceo"
1954:
1934:can be elided due to the fact that
963:⟩, whereas the orthographic
13:
3575:
2397:Ethnologue: Languages of the World
2120:is also more frequently used than
1998:
1818:may be pronounced as an affricate
1187:, near the linguistic border with
14:
4661:
3588:
3154:Estudios de Fonética Experimental
2938:Herrero de Haro & Hajek (2020
2580:Herrero de Haro & Hajek (2020
1417:. This sound is merged with the
1161:also existed in parts of western
843:
819:
796:
786:
766:
757:
749:
742:
728:
721:
714:
707:
696:
689:
682:
675:
661:
652:
641:
3260:(in Spanish). 27 September 2021.
2991:Mondéjar Cumpián, José. (2001).
23:
3552:Zamora Vicente, Alonso (1967),
3505:Variation and change in Spanish
3472:Espinosa, Aurelio Macedonio Jr.
3325:, New York: AIP, pp. 19–33
3268:
3244:
3196:
3184:
3172:
3138:
3108:
3071:
3052:
3017:
2984:
2943:
2931:
2919:
2875:
2838:
2826:
2814:
2708:
2696:
2684:
2662:10.4067/S0718-93032016000200010
2636:
2609:
2597:
2585:
2461:Journal of Linguistic Geography
1441:had, as in Old Castile, become
1325:in most instances, for example
34:needs additional citations for
3067:Browman & Goldstein (1995)
2573:
2561:
2549:
2537:
2493:
2427:
2357:Spanish dialects and varieties
1579:The quality of word-final lax
1549:, the preceding vowel becomes
1361:('I have finished'). For the -
567:, pronunciation of historical
425:Andalusian dialects of Spanish
1:
4308:Los Llanos Colombia/Venezuela
3483:Revista de Filología Española
3367:, vol. 97, pp. 1–73
2804:Neuphilologische Mitteilungen
2505:"Which Spanish(es) to Teach?"
2382:
1872:('soul') or instead of for
979:, the distinction involves a
959:are transcribed with ⟨
874:(red), or the distinction of
579:, and merging syllable-final
3959:Andalusian language movement
3117:"La nueva africada andaluza"
2845:Estrada Arráez, Ana (2012).
2338:Andalusian language movement
2233:
2074:¡callaos ya! / ¡callaros ya!
1814:As a likely related change,
1725:('to ruin, to disrupt'), to
967:is transcribed with ⟨
906:), pronounced , and that of
866:Areas of Andalusia in which
857:
594:
562:weakening of syllable-final
7:
2856:. Special Issue III: 7–22.
2345:
2042:la pegó una bofetada a ella
1473:Coda obstruents and liquids
1227:, the pronunciation of the
1179:, and in parts of southern
10:
4666:
4598:Coastal Argentina, Uruguay
4466:spoken by Catalan speakers
3546:10.1016/j.wocn.2004.02.001
3303:Brogan, Franny D. (2018).
2950:Hualde & Sanders (1995
2469:Cambridge University Press
2455:Ruch, Hanna (April 2018).
2335:
2318:British overseas territory
2139:
1995:for the informal version.
499:within Western Andalusia.
450:[andaˈluh,ændæˈlʊ]
4650:Spanish dialects of Spain
4577:
4474:
4412:
4275:Central western Argentina
4205:
4144:
4094:
4056:
4043:
4012:
3951:
3925:
3895:
3820:
3772:Gomeran whistled language
3767:
3758:
3733:
3689:
3680:
3659:
3523:Recasens, Daniel (2004),
3476:"La frontera del andaluz"
3460:10.1017/S0025100303001373
3386:10.1017/S0025100320000146
2401:http://www.ethnologue.com
2294:is written this way, not
2091:
1938:itself is glottal. Thus,
851:
849:
838:
836:
827:
825:
814:
812:
803:
781:
779:
727:
713:
704:
695:
681:
647:
626:
621:
616:
611:
606:
393:
377:
365:
360:
335:
313:
257:
162:
148:
138:
128:
123:
3502:Penny, Ralph J. (2000).
2051:
1698:is often assimilated to
1682:In Andalusian Spanish a
16:Regional Spanish dialect
4355:Colombia-Ecuador border
3943:Valencian Sign Language
3807:Roquetas Pidgin Spanish
1201:, also near the coast.
4001:Dialects and varieties
3556:Dialectología española
3422:10.3765/bls.v21i1.1386
3145:O'Neill, Paul (2010).
3092:10.1075/cilt.282.06tor
2328:and other influences.
2084:('sit down!') becomes
2082:¡sentaos! / ¡sentaros!
2023:), which is also more
1991:
1985:
1979:
1973:
1967:
1961:
1909:
1895:
1786:
1778:
1757:
1739:
1538:
1532:
1465:
1396:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1339:
1333:
1327:
1310:
1205:Other general features
1193:
1167:
1144:
1130:
1055:
1049:
1020:
1014:
1008:
1002:
992:
941:
887:
554:
546:
538:
530:
524:
520:Latin American Spanish
491:
432:
395:This article contains
3938:Catalan Sign Language
3933:Spanish Sign Language
2966:(in Spanish). Madrid.
2738:Penny, Ralph (1991).
2076:('shut up!') becomes
2040:, as in the sentence
1950:Morphology and syntax
1743:'the attics', and to
1247:and leniting or even
1088:is native to most of
939:), which is known as
865:
4645:Culture of Andalusia
3533:Journal of Phonetics
3468:Navarro Tomás, Tomás
3401:Hualde, José Ignacio
3359:Fougeron, C (1999),
2649:Boletín de filología
2522:10.1632/adfl.41.2.48
2198:haciendo morisquetas
2160:instead of standard
2072:is used instead, so
1610:('clovers, clubs').
1606:('clover, club') vs
1415:Early Modern Spanish
1267:, or the merging of
1116:, not including the
983:, as opposed to the
886:(white) predominate.
505:Extremaduran Spanish
295:Early Modern Spanish
58:"Andalusian Spanish"
43:improve this article
3915:Catalan / Valencian
3821:Immigrant languages
3681:Regional / minority
3660:Official / national
3441:"Castilian Spanish"
3290:(in Spanish): 41–58
1511:occur) are usually
1175:around the city of
1155:Outside Andalusia,
601:
600:Consonant phonemes
518:and elsewhere, all
265:Proto-Indo-European
4640:Andalusian Spanish
4242:Chiloé Archipelago
3653:Languages of Spain
2478:10.1017/jlg.2018.4
1690:, while that same
1542:being pronounced .
1469:('s/he listens').
1394:'stuffed, full' →
1118:provincial capital
1053:. Higher rates of
987:of most of Spain.
888:
599:
471:peninsular Spanish
441:[andaˈluθ]
324:Eastern Andalusian
320:Western Andalusian
229:Andalusian Spanish
224:Peninsular Spanish
124:Andalusian Spanish
4627:
4626:
4613:
4599:
4570:
4560:
4550:
4540:
4523:
4457:
4447:
4408:
4407:
4389:
4388:Coastal Argentina
4375:
4356:
4337:
4323:
4309:
4295:
4276:
4262:
4261:Central Argentina
4243:
4168:
3967:
3966:
3891:
3890:
3887:
3886:
3724:
3515:978-0-521-78045-2
3101:978-90-272-4797-1
2332:Language movement
2154:Caribbean Spanish
1483:liquid consonants
1413:that occurred in
1229:⟨j⟩
965:⟨s⟩
957:⟨c⟩
953:⟨z⟩
908:⟨s⟩
904:⟨i⟩
900:⟨e⟩
896:⟨c⟩
892:⟨z⟩
855:
854:
577:glottal fricative
573:⟨j⟩
421:
420:
403:rendering support
399:phonetic symbols.
119:
118:
111:
93:
4657:
4611:
4597:
4568:
4559:(mixed language)
4558:
4548:
4538:
4517:
4455:
4445:
4387:
4373:
4354:
4335:
4321:
4307:
4293:
4274:
4260:
4241:
4162:
4054:
4053:
3994:
3987:
3980:
3971:
3970:
3765:
3764:
3720:
3687:
3686:
3671:a.k.a. Castilian
3646:
3639:
3632:
3623:
3622:
3570:
3559:
3548:
3529:
3519:
3498:
3496:
3494:
3480:
3463:
3462:
3435:
3434:, pp. 15–35
3426:
3424:
3396:
3368:
3355:
3326:
3320:
3310:
3299:
3297:
3295:
3285:
3262:
3261:
3257:Libertad Digital
3248:
3242:
3230:
3224:
3212:
3206:
3200:
3194:
3188:
3182:
3176:
3170:
3169:
3167:
3165:
3151:
3142:
3136:
3135:
3133:
3131:
3121:
3112:
3106:
3105:
3075:
3069:
3056:
3050:
3049:
3021:
3015:
3014:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2975:
2967:
2965:
2947:
2941:
2935:
2929:
2923:
2917:
2911:
2902:
2896:
2885:
2879:
2873:
2872:
2870:
2868:
2851:
2842:
2836:
2830:
2824:
2818:
2812:
2811:
2801:
2789:
2778:
2777:
2775:
2773:
2767:
2761:. Archived from
2744:
2735:
2718:
2712:
2706:
2700:
2694:
2688:
2682:
2676:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2640:
2634:
2628:
2619:
2613:
2607:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2583:
2577:
2571:
2565:
2559:
2553:
2547:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2524:
2497:
2491:
2490:
2480:
2452:
2437:
2431:
2425:
2424:
2410:
2404:
2393:
2362:Standard Spanish
2168:('to drizzle'),
2116:('the bedbug').
1994:
1988:
1982:
1976:
1970:
1965:with the formal
1964:
1955:Subject pronouns
1944:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1921:
1917:
1907:
1903:
1893:
1884:
1880:
1866:
1860:
1850:
1846:
1838:
1825:
1817:
1810:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1775:
1768:may also become
1767:
1760:
1754:
1750:
1742:
1736:
1732:
1724:
1713:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1678:
1671:
1664:
1658:('I acquired'),
1657:
1650:
1643:
1628:
1620:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1556:
1541:
1535:
1529:
1522:
1518:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1468:
1450:
1444:
1440:
1436:
1428:
1420:
1412:
1399:
1393:
1388:
1375:
1371:
1366:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1342:
1336:
1330:
1320:
1313:
1307:
1280:
1274:
1270:
1246:
1242:
1238:
1235:to , elision of
1234:
1230:
1196:
1170:
1147:
1133:
1111:
1107:
1087:
1083:
1058:
1052:
1023:
1017:
1011:
1005:
995:
978:
974:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
938:
930:
922:
913:
909:
905:
901:
897:
893:
847:
823:
800:
790:
770:
761:
753:
746:
732:
725:
718:
711:
700:
693:
686:
679:
665:
656:
645:
602:
598:
589:Canarian Spanish
586:
582:
574:
570:
565:
559:
551:
544:, and a lack of
543:
535:
527:
494:
487:standard Spanish
453:) are spoken in
452:
447:
443:
438:
389:
370:
350:Spanish alphabet
341:
168:
134:
121:
120:
114:
107:
103:
100:
94:
92:
51:
27:
19:
4665:
4664:
4660:
4659:
4658:
4656:
4655:
4654:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4623:
4612:Central America
4573:
4470:
4414:
4404:
4294:Coastal Ecuador
4201:
4140:
4096:Central America
4090:
4045:
4039:
4013:Africa and Asia
4008:
3998:
3968:
3963:
3947:
3921:
3883:
3816:
3760:
3754:
3729:
3682:
3676:
3655:
3650:
3591:
3578:
3576:Further reading
3573:
3568:
3527:
3516:
3492:
3490:
3478:
3318:
3293:
3291:
3283:
3271:
3266:
3265:
3250:
3249:
3245:
3231:
3227:
3213:
3209:
3201:
3197:
3189:
3185:
3177:
3173:
3163:
3161:
3149:
3143:
3139:
3129:
3127:
3119:
3113:
3109:
3102:
3076:
3072:
3063:Fougeron (1999)
3057:
3053:
3022:
3018:
3003:
2989:
2985:
2969:
2968:
2963:
2948:
2944:
2936:
2932:
2924:
2920:
2912:
2905:
2897:
2888:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2864:
2849:
2843:
2839:
2831:
2827:
2819:
2815:
2799:
2793:Lipski, John M.
2790:
2781:
2771:
2769:
2768:on 22 June 2013
2765:
2742:
2736:
2721:
2713:
2709:
2701:
2697:
2689:
2685:
2677:
2670:
2641:
2637:
2629:
2622:
2614:
2610:
2602:
2598:
2590:
2586:
2578:
2574:
2566:
2562:
2554:
2550:
2542:
2538:
2501:Lipski, John M.
2498:
2494:
2453:
2440:
2432:
2428:
2411:
2407:
2394:
2390:
2385:
2377:Andalusi Arabic
2348:
2340:
2334:
2326:British English
2304:pescadito frito
2236:
2222:('bedroom') or
2200:(from the word
2194:Andalusi Arabic
2142:
2094:
2054:
2021:le quiero mucho
2017:lo quiero mucho
2001:
1999:Object pronouns
1983:(informal) and
1957:
1952:
1853:post-aspiration
1547:Murcian Spanish
1489:Syllable-final
1475:
1391:
1228:
1207:
1100:, and northern
964:
956:
952:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
860:
597:
572:
509:Murcian Spanish
492:norma sevillana
445:
436:
401:Without proper
385:
366:
355:Spanish Braille
353:
342:
337:
309:
260:
253:
199:Western Romance
184:Latino-Faliscan
169:
166:Language family
164:
115:
104:
98:
95:
52:
50:
40:
28:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4663:
4653:
4652:
4647:
4642:
4625:
4624:
4622:
4621:
4616:
4615:
4614:
4602:
4601:
4600:
4581:
4579:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4571:
4561:
4551:
4541:
4531:
4524:
4510:
4509:
4508:
4507:
4506:
4504:Tetuani Ladino
4494:Judaeo-Spanish
4491:
4484:
4478:
4476:
4472:
4471:
4469:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4448:
4438:
4433:
4428:
4422:
4420:
4410:
4409:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4402:
4397:
4392:
4391:
4390:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4364:
4359:
4358:
4357:
4345:
4340:
4339:
4338:
4326:
4325:
4324:
4312:
4311:
4310:
4298:
4297:
4296:
4284:
4279:
4278:
4277:
4265:
4264:
4263:
4251:
4246:
4245:
4244:
4232:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4211:
4209:
4203:
4202:
4200:
4199:
4194:
4193:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4175:
4170:
4150:
4148:
4142:
4141:
4139:
4138:
4133:
4126:
4121:
4116:
4111:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4092:
4091:
4089:
4088:
4083:
4078:
4073:
4068:
4062:
4060:
4051:
4041:
4040:
4038:
4037:
4032:
4027:
4022:
4016:
4014:
4010:
4009:
3997:
3996:
3989:
3982:
3974:
3965:
3964:
3962:
3961:
3955:
3953:
3949:
3948:
3946:
3945:
3940:
3935:
3929:
3927:
3926:Sign languages
3923:
3922:
3920:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3908:
3905:
3899:
3897:
3896:Standard forms
3893:
3892:
3889:
3888:
3885:
3884:
3882:
3881:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3845:
3840:
3835:
3830:
3824:
3822:
3818:
3817:
3815:
3814:
3809:
3804:
3799:
3794:
3789:
3784:
3779:
3774:
3768:
3762:
3756:
3755:
3753:
3752:
3743:
3737:
3735:
3731:
3730:
3728:
3727:
3726:
3725:
3713:
3708:
3699:
3693:
3691:
3684:
3678:
3677:
3675:
3674:
3663:
3661:
3657:
3656:
3649:
3648:
3641:
3634:
3626:
3620:
3619:
3614:
3608:
3602:
3597:
3590:
3589:External links
3587:
3586:
3585:
3582:
3577:
3574:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3549:
3540:(3): 435–453,
3520:
3514:
3499:
3485:(in Spanish).
3464:
3453:(2): 255–259,
3436:
3427:
3397:
3369:
3356:
3344:10.2307/340806
3327:
3311:
3300:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3264:
3263:
3243:
3225:
3207:
3195:
3183:
3171:
3137:
3107:
3100:
3070:
3059:Recasens (2004
3051:
3038:10.2307/339038
3016:
3001:
2983:
2955:Alonso, Dámaso
2952::429), citing
2942:
2930:
2918:
2903:
2886:
2874:
2837:
2825:
2813:
2806:(in Spanish).
2779:
2749:(in Spanish).
2719:
2707:
2695:
2683:
2668:
2655:(2): 255–280.
2651:(in Spanish).
2635:
2620:
2618::235, 241–242)
2608:
2596:
2584:
2572:
2560:
2548:
2536:
2492:
2438:
2426:
2405:
2387:
2386:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2347:
2344:
2336:Main article:
2333:
2330:
2300:pescaíto frito
2235:
2232:
2144:Many words of
2141:
2138:
2108:('the heat'),
2093:
2090:
2053:
2050:
2000:
1997:
1977:('to go') are
1956:
1953:
1951:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1924:
1863:pronounced as
1856:
1833:
1832:
1831:
1804:
1803:
1790:occur) before
1762:
1680:
1595:
1594:
1593:
1592:
1577:
1561:('house') and
1543:
1524:
1474:
1471:
1206:
1203:
985:apico-alveolar
859:
856:
853:
852:
850:
848:
841:
839:
837:
835:
829:
828:
826:
824:
817:
815:
813:
811:
805:
804:
802:
793:
791:
784:
782:
780:
778:
772:
771:
764:
762:
755:
747:
740:
734:
733:
726:
719:
712:
705:
703:
701:
694:
687:
680:
673:
667:
666:
659:
657:
650:
648:
646:
639:
637:
631:
630:
625:
620:
615:
610:
605:
596:
593:
419:
418:
405:, you may see
391:
390:
383:
375:
374:
371:
363:
362:
361:Language codes
358:
357:
343:
339:Writing system
336:
333:
332:
331:
330:
315:
311:
310:
308:
307:
306:
305:
304:
303:
302:
301:
300:
299:
298:
297:
263:
261:
258:
255:
254:
252:
251:
250:
249:
248:
247:
246:
245:
244:
243:
242:
241:
240:
239:
238:
237:
236:
235:
234:
233:
232:
231:
172:
170:
163:
160:
159:
150:
146:
145:
140:
136:
135:
130:
126:
125:
117:
116:
31:
29:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4662:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4643:
4641:
4638:
4637:
4635:
4620:
4617:
4610:
4609:
4608:
4607:
4603:
4596:
4595:
4594:
4593:
4588:
4587:
4583:
4582:
4580:
4576:
4567:
4566:
4562:
4557:
4556:
4552:
4547:
4546:
4542:
4537:
4536:
4532:
4530:
4529:
4525:
4521:
4516:
4515:
4511:
4505:
4502:
4501:
4500:
4497:
4496:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4489:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4479:
4477:
4473:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4456:(Extremadura)
4454:
4453:
4449:
4444:
4443:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4423:
4421:
4418:
4411:
4401:
4398:
4396:
4393:
4386:
4385:
4384:
4383:
4379:
4372:
4371:
4370:
4369:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4353:
4352:
4351:
4350:
4346:
4344:
4341:
4334:
4333:
4332:
4331:
4327:
4320:
4319:
4318:
4317:
4313:
4306:
4305:
4304:
4303:
4299:
4292:
4291:
4290:
4289:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4273:
4272:
4271:
4270:
4266:
4259:
4258:
4257:
4256:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4240:
4239:
4238:
4237:
4233:
4231:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4212:
4210:
4208:
4207:South America
4204:
4198:
4195:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4180:
4176:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4161:
4157:
4156:
4155:
4154:United States
4152:
4151:
4149:
4147:
4146:North America
4143:
4137:
4134:
4132:
4131:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4110:
4107:
4105:
4102:
4101:
4099:
4097:
4093:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4077:
4074:
4072:
4069:
4067:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4052:
4049:
4048:Interamerican
4042:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4025:Equatoguinean
4023:
4021:
4018:
4017:
4015:
4011:
4006:
4002:
3995:
3990:
3988:
3983:
3981:
3976:
3975:
3972:
3960:
3957:
3956:
3954:
3950:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3930:
3928:
3924:
3917:
3914:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3894:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3834:
3831:
3829:
3826:
3825:
3823:
3819:
3813:
3810:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3798:
3795:
3793:
3790:
3788:
3785:
3783:
3780:
3778:
3775:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3757:
3751:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3738:
3736:
3732:
3723:
3719:
3718:
3717:
3714:
3712:
3709:
3707:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3694:
3692:
3688:
3685:
3679:
3672:
3668:
3665:
3664:
3662:
3658:
3654:
3647:
3642:
3640:
3635:
3633:
3628:
3627:
3624:
3618:
3615:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3603:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3593:
3592:
3583:
3580:
3579:
3569:
3567:9788424911157
3563:
3558:
3557:
3550:
3547:
3543:
3539:
3535:
3534:
3526:
3521:
3517:
3511:
3507:
3506:
3500:
3488:
3484:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3465:
3461:
3456:
3452:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3433:
3428:
3423:
3418:
3414:
3410:
3406:
3402:
3398:
3395:
3391:
3387:
3383:
3379:
3375:
3370:
3366:
3362:
3357:
3353:
3349:
3345:
3341:
3337:
3333:
3328:
3324:
3317:
3312:
3308:
3307:
3301:
3289:
3282:
3278:
3277:Alvar, Manuel
3274:
3273:
3259:
3258:
3253:
3247:
3240:
3236:
3235:
3229:
3222:
3218:
3217:
3211:
3204:
3199:
3192:
3187:
3180:
3175:
3159:
3155:
3148:
3141:
3125:
3118:
3111:
3103:
3097:
3093:
3089:
3085:
3081:
3074:
3068:
3064:
3061::436) citing
3060:
3055:
3047:
3043:
3039:
3035:
3031:
3027:
3020:
3012:
3008:
3004:
3002:84-95073-20-X
2998:
2994:
2987:
2979:
2973:
2962:
2961:
2956:
2951:
2946:
2939:
2934:
2927:
2922:
2915:
2910:
2908:
2900:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2883:
2878:
2863:
2859:
2855:
2854:Dialectologia
2848:
2841:
2834:
2829:
2822:
2817:
2810:(3): 414–427.
2809:
2805:
2798:
2794:
2788:
2786:
2784:
2764:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2748:
2741:
2734:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2726:
2724:
2716:
2711:
2704:
2699:
2692:
2687:
2680:
2675:
2673:
2663:
2658:
2654:
2650:
2646:
2639:
2632:
2627:
2625:
2617:
2612:
2605:
2600:
2593:
2588:
2581:
2576:
2569:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2545:
2540:
2532:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2514:
2510:
2509:ADFL Bulletin
2506:
2502:
2496:
2488:
2484:
2479:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2445:
2443:
2435:
2430:
2422:
2421:
2420:Glottolog 4.6
2416:
2409:
2402:
2398:
2392:
2388:
2378:
2375:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2349:
2343:
2339:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2231:
2229:
2226:for standard
2225:
2221:
2217:
2214:for standard
2213:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2199:
2195:
2191:
2187:
2183:
2179:
2176:('slipper'),
2175:
2171:
2167:
2163:
2159:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2107:
2103:
2099:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2079:
2078:¡callarse ya!
2075:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2049:
2047:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2006:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1981:
1980:vosotros vais
1975:
1969:
1963:
1941:
1925:
1913:
1912:
1899:
1898:
1889:
1885:
1875:
1871:
1867:
1857:
1854:
1842:
1835:Intervocalic
1834:
1829:
1823:
1813:
1812:
1811:pronounced .
1806:
1805:
1801:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1773:
1763:
1759:
1748:
1741:
1730:
1721:
1717:
1703:
1685:
1681:
1675:
1668:
1661:
1654:
1647:
1640:
1636:
1632:
1624:
1616:
1613:
1612:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1600:vowel harmony
1578:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1548:
1544:
1540:
1534:
1525:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1505:
1488:
1487:
1486:
1484:
1480:
1470:
1467:
1462:
1458:
1454:
1453:deaffrication
1446:
1434:
1426:
1416:
1408:
1403:
1398:
1390:, i.e. Latin
1389:
1382:
1377:
1365:
1359:
1353:
1347:
1341:
1335:
1329:
1324:
1317:Intervocalic
1315:
1312:
1302:
1300:
1297:and parts of
1296:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1276:
1266:
1265:
1260:
1256:
1254:
1253:Astur-leonese
1250:
1226:
1225:
1220:
1219:syllable coda
1216:
1212:
1202:
1200:
1199:Torre-Pacheco
1195:
1190:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1169:
1164:
1160:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1137:
1132:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1079:
1076:According to
1074:
1072:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1057:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1035:
1031:
1027:
1022:
1016:
1010:
1004:
999:
998:Dalbor (1980)
994:
988:
986:
982:
955:and the soft
945:
944:
936:
928:
919:
918:
885:
881:
877:
873:
869:
864:
846:
842:
840:
834:
831:
830:
822:
818:
816:
810:
807:
806:
799:
794:
792:
789:
785:
783:
777:
774:
773:
769:
765:
763:
760:
756:
752:
748:
745:
741:
739:
736:
735:
731:
724:
720:
717:
710:
706:
702:
699:
692:
688:
685:
678:
674:
672:
669:
668:
664:
660:
658:
655:
651:
649:
644:
640:
638:
636:
633:
632:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
603:
592:
590:
578:
566:
558:
557:
550:
549:
542:
541:
534:
533:
526:
521:
517:
512:
510:
506:
500:
498:
493:
488:
484:
480:
479:morphological
476:
472:
468:
464:
460:
456:
451:
442:
434:
430:
426:
416:
412:
408:
404:
400:
398:
392:
388:
384:
382:
381:
376:
372:
369:
364:
359:
356:
351:
347:
344:
340:
334:
329:
325:
321:
318:
317:
316:
312:
296:
293:
292:
291:
288:
287:
286:
285:Proto-Romance
283:
282:
281:
278:
277:
276:
273:
272:
271:
268:
267:
266:
262:
256:
230:
227:
226:
225:
222:
221:
220:
217:
216:
215:
212:
211:
210:
207:
206:
205:
204:Ibero-Romance
202:
201:
200:
197:
196:
195:
194:Italo-Western
192:
191:
190:
187:
186:
185:
182:
181:
180:
177:
176:
175:
174:Indo-European
171:
167:
161:
158:
157:Gibraltarians
154:
151:
147:
144:
141:
137:
131:
129:Pronunciation
127:
122:
113:
110:
102:
91:
88:
84:
81:
77:
74:
70:
67:
63:
60: –
59:
55:
54:Find sources:
48:
44:
38:
37:
32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
4604:
4590:
4584:
4563:
4555:Media Lengua
4553:
4543:
4533:
4526:
4512:
4486:
4450:
4440:
4425:
4380:
4374:Coastal Peru
4366:
4347:
4336:Paisa Region
4328:
4314:
4300:
4286:
4267:
4253:
4234:
4190:Sabine River
4177:
4164:
4159:
4128:
4081:Puerto Rican
4007:by continent
3802:Erromintxela
3759:Unrecognised
3555:
3537:
3531:
3504:
3491:. Retrieved
3489:(3): 225–277
3486:
3482:
3450:
3444:
3431:
3412:
3408:
3377:
3373:
3364:
3335:
3331:
3322:
3305:
3292:. Retrieved
3287:
3269:Bibliography
3255:
3246:
3232:
3228:
3214:
3210:
3198:
3186:
3174:
3162:. Retrieved
3157:
3153:
3140:
3128:. Retrieved
3123:
3110:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3054:
3032:(1): 60–67.
3029:
3025:
3019:
2992:
2986:
2959:
2945:
2933:
2921:
2914:Lloret (2007
2877:
2865:. Retrieved
2853:
2840:
2828:
2816:
2807:
2803:
2770:. Retrieved
2763:the original
2750:
2746:
2710:
2698:
2686:
2652:
2648:
2638:
2611:
2604:Brogan (2018
2599:
2592:Dalbor (1980
2587:
2575:
2563:
2551:
2539:
2512:
2508:
2495:
2464:
2460:
2429:
2418:
2408:
2396:
2391:
2341:
2308:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2263:
2259:
2255:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2227:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2201:
2197:
2189:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2173:
2169:
2165:
2161:
2157:
2143:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2121:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2105:
2101:
2095:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2061:
2057:
2055:
2041:
2037:
2033:
2029:Asturleonese
2025:conservative
2020:
2019:(instead of
2016:
2012:
2004:
2002:
1992:ustedes vais
1958:
1939:
1887:
1873:
1869:
1849:/sp//st//sk/
1841:approximants
1799:
1740:los desvanes
1719:
1715:
1673:
1666:
1659:
1652:
1645:
1638:
1627:/bdɡptkfsxθ/
1607:
1603:
1596:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1508:
1502:
1476:
1447:
1381:conservative
1378:
1316:
1303:
1277:
1262:
1261:
1257:
1222:
1208:
1156:
1154:
1122:Penny (2000)
1078:Penny (2000)
1075:
1063:Penny (2000)
1061:
1038:
989:
915:
889:
883:
879:
875:
871:
867:
513:
501:
495:enjoys high
475:phonological
424:
422:
394:
378:
280:Vulgar Latin
270:Proto-Italic
228:
209:West Iberian
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
4520:Para-Romani
4382:Rioplatense
4322:Zulia State
4185:New Mexican
4173:Californian
4109:Costa Rican
4086:Trinidadian
3690:Co-official
3380:: 135–156,
3203:Penny (2000
3191:Penny (2000
3179:Penny (2000
3130:25 February
2926:Penny (2000
2899:Penny (2000
2882:Penny (2000
2833:Penny (2000
2821:Penny (2000
2772:20 November
2679:Penny (2000
2631:Alvar (1972
2556:Penny (2000
2544:Penny (2000
2434:Penny (2000
2248:work strike
2230:('jewel').
2184:('kid') or
2180:instead of
2172:instead of
2134:a lot of...
1986:ustedes van
1845:/p/,/t/,/k/
1837:/p/,/t/,/k/
1679:('traits').
1644:('pearl'),
1526:Word-final
1402:Extremadura
1337:('heavy'),
1311:me dan asco
1304:Word-final
1295:Extremadura
575:sound as a
528:instead of
409:instead of
290:Old Spanish
259:Early forms
153:Andalusians
4634:Categories
4565:Papiamento
4535:Palenquero
4426:Andalusian
4417:Peninsular
4400:Venezuelan
4343:Paraguayan
4288:Equatorial
4282:Ecuadorian
4136:Salvadoran
4124:Nicaraguan
4114:Guatemalan
4076:Panamanian
4030:Philippine
3858:Portuguese
3787:Cantabrian
3734:Recognised
3493:19 October
3415:(1): 426.
3294:19 October
3164:17 January
2867:25 January
2415:"Castilic"
2383:References
2314:vernacular
2220:dormitorio
2216:habitación
2158:chispenear
2114:la chinche
2110:el chinche
2086:¡sentarse!
1787:distinción
1716:desbaratar
1672:('from'),
1665:('same'),
1651:('meat'),
1635:gemination
1631:assimilate
1623:obstruents
1509:distinción
1485:includes:
1451:undergoes
1352:he acabado
1185:Torrevieja
1096:, most of
1092:, eastern
1056:distinción
1050:distinción
993:distinción
738:Continuant
437:pronounced
99:March 2009
69:newspapers
4586:Cocoliche
4545:Chavacano
4528:Spanglish
4446:(Galicia)
4436:Castilian
4395:Uruguayan
4316:Maracucho
4249:Colombian
4071:Dominican
4058:Caribbean
3873:Ukrainian
3833:Bulgarian
3777:Estremeñu
3761:languages
3741:Aragonese
3706:Valencian
3683:languages
3394:229484009
3181::126–127)
3086:: 67–82.
2972:cite book
2928::125–126)
2901::122–125)
2884::121–122)
2862:2013-2247
2759:0212-0534
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2717::258–260)
2705::227–229)
2693::241–242)
2681::118–120)
2558::129–130)
2531:0148-7639
2487:2049-7547
2471:: 40–55.
2366:The cant
2322:Gibraltar
2234:Influence
2174:zapatilla
2162:lloviznar
2146:Mozarabic
2126:La mar de
1943:/ˈbirxen/
1828:Antequera
1802:('lift').
1798:), as in
1737:, as in
1720:effaratar
1714:), as in
1513:aspirated
1479:obstruent
1358:he acabao
1299:Cantabria
1211:lenitions
1189:Valencian
1177:Cartagena
870:(green),
858:Sibilants
595:Phonology
467:Gibraltar
455:Andalusia
380:Glottolog
368:ISO 639-3
275:Old Latin
214:Castilian
149:Ethnicity
143:Andalusia
4606:Malespín
4592:Lunfardo
4549:(creole)
4539:(creole)
4482:Standard
4442:Castrapo
4431:Canarian
4368:Ribereño
4362:Peruvian
4255:Cordobés
4225:Bolivian
4215:Amazonic
4119:Honduran
4104:Belizean
4044:Americas
4020:Canarian
3952:See also
3918:Galician
3907:Asturian
3863:Romanian
3746:Asturian
3711:Galician
3332:Hispania
3288:Románica
3279:(1972).
3026:Hispania
3011:48640468
2957:(1956).
2795:(1986).
2606::16, 84)
2503:(2009).
2346:See also
2296:cantador
2288:bailarín
2280:cantante
2276:bailador
2268:cantador
2252:flamenco
2250:"). The
2190:anteayer
2166:chispear
2106:el calor
2102:la calor
2015:, as in
1962:vosotros
1923:Spanish.
1881:becomes
1800:ascensor
1755:, as in
1629:) often
1608:tréboles
1539:nosotros
1533:las olas
1407:flamenco
1355:becomes
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1183:such as
1181:Alicante
1009:ceceante
949:/θeˈθeo/
921:/seˈseo/
898:(before
618:Alveolar
532:vosotros
516:Americas
497:prestige
415:Help:IPA
387:anda1279
314:Dialects
4578:Extinct
4499:Haketia
4488:Llanito
4461:Murcian
4349:Pastuso
4302:Llanero
4236:Chilote
4230:Chilean
4197:Mexican
4165:Chicano
4130:Pachuco
4035:Saharan
4005:Spanish
3903:Spanish
3868:Russian
3843:Italian
3838:English
3812:Tarifit
3750:Leonese
3722:Aranese
3716:Occitan
3702:Catalan
3667:Spanish
3237:in the
3219:in the
3160:: 11–41
2916::24–25)
2808:LXXXVII
2316:of the
2310:Llanito
2292:cantaor
2272:tocador
2264:bailaor
2256:cantaor
2203:morisco
2170:babucha
2140:Lexicon
2130:tela de
1968:ustedes
1930:before
1911:el otro
1861:may be
1809:/resto/
1776:(where
1751:before
1733:before
1712:/sb/→→→
1706:before
1653:adquirí
1637:; e.g.
1615:Liquids
1501:(where
1466:escucha
1463:, e.g.
1457:Seville
1340:a menúo
1291:Almería
1287:Granada
1249:eliding
1215:mergers
1163:Badajoz
1136:Seville
1114:Córdoba
1094:Granada
1090:Almería
1034:Córdoba
1030:Seville
981:laminal
776:Lateral
623:Palatal
571:or the
525:ustedes
483:lexical
463:Melilla
433:andaluz
429:Spanish
411:Unicode
328:Llanito
219:Spanish
189:Romance
83:scholar
4452:Castúo
4413:Europe
4269:Cuyano
4220:Andean
4179:Isleño
3911:Basque
3880:, etc.
3853:German
3848:French
3828:Arabic
3792:Darija
3697:Basque
3564:
3512:
3392:
3352:340806
3350:
3234:Huelga
3216:Juerga
3098:
3046:339038
3044:
3009:
2999:
2860:
2757:
2529:
2485:
2372:Romani
2352:Castúo
2312:, the
2286:, and
2284:músico
2274:, and
2262:, and
2260:tocaor
2244:huelga
2240:juerga
2224:alhaja
2212:alcoba
2208:Arabic
2182:chaval
2178:chavea
2150:Romani
2122:el mar
2118:La mar
2098:gender
2092:Gender
2009:leísmo
1940:virgen
1888:sartén
1886:(e.g.
1816:-/st/-
1764:Final
1684:voiced
1674:rasgos
1604:trébol
1392:fartvs
1385:Latin
1334:pesado
1323:elided
1264:Yeísmo
1224:yeísmo
1173:Murcia
1140:Málaga
1102:Huelva
1041:Huelva
613:Dental
608:Labial
556:yeísmo
548:leísmo
465:, and
446:local:
179:Italic
139:Region
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78:
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4619:Bozal
4475:Other
4330:Paisa
4066:Cuban
3528:(PDF)
3479:(PDF)
3390:S2CID
3348:JSTOR
3319:(PDF)
3284:(PDF)
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3120:(PDF)
3042:JSTOR
2964:(PDF)
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2066:-aros
2064:, or
2060:) is
2052:Verbs
2036:with
1897:carne
1824:]
1820:[
1796:/sθ/→
1780:ceceo
1774:]
1770:[
1758:rasgo
1749:]
1745:[
1731:]
1727:[
1704:]
1700:[
1667:desde
1660:mismo
1646:carne
1639:perla
1574:/i,u/
1567:casas
1563:casas
1504:ceceo
1461:Cádiz
1397:harto
1328:pesao
1271:into
1194:Ceceo
1168:Seseo
1158:seseo
1150:Cádiz
1145:ceceo
1131:seseo
1045:Jerez
1026:Cádiz
1021:ceceo
1015:ceceo
1003:ceceo
943:ceceo
937:]
933:[
929:]
925:[
917:seseo
872:ceceo
868:seseo
833:Trill
635:Nasal
628:Velar
540:seseo
459:Ceuta
346:Latin
90:JSTOR
76:books
4589:and
4514:Caló
4160:Caló
3797:Caló
3782:Fala
3562:ISBN
3510:ISBN
3495:2022
3296:2022
3166:2022
3132:2009
3096:ISBN
3065:and
3007:OCLC
2997:ISBN
2978:link
2869:2022
2858:ISSN
2774:2022
2755:ISSN
2633::50)
2527:ISSN
2483:ISSN
2368:Caló
2228:joya
2188:for
2128:and
2112:not
2104:not
2096:The
2080:and
2062:-aos
1918:and
1904:and
1894:for
1870:alma
1847:and
1619:/rl/
1559:casa
1497:and
1481:and
1459:and
1449:/tʃ/
1429:and
1379:One
1343:for
1331:for
1283:Jaén
1243:and
1213:and
1124:and
1108:and
1098:Jaén
1084:and
1032:and
975:and
902:and
894:and
882:and
809:Flap
671:Stop
583:and
507:and
481:and
423:The
62:news
4003:of
3542:doi
3455:doi
3417:doi
3382:doi
3340:doi
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3088:doi
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3034:doi
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2320:of
2218:or
2164:or
2070:-se
2046:RAE
1936:/x/
1932:/x/
1928:/r/
1920:/l/
1916:/ɾ/
1906:/l/
1902:/ɾ/
1883:/l/
1879:/r/
1865:/r/
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1792:/θ/
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1735:/d/
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1012:or
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