876:
Once Daud was sent against the village of
Bankauli, in pargana Chaumahla, with which his employer was at feud. Along with the plunder taken on this occasion Daud obtained possession of a Jat boy seven or eight years of age, whom he caused to be circumcised and then adopted under the name of Ali
397:
At the time of the 1931 census, the total Jat Muslim population in Punjab was 2,941,395 out of the Punjab province's Muslim population of 28,490,857, Jat
Muslims thus contituting the single largest Muslim group of the province, at around 20%, followed by
294:
from 1645 to 1656. After the decline of Mughal empire, many communities rose to into revolt. One of them were Afghan
Rohillas, who had settled into Rohilkhand by then in large numbers. Their dynasty, the
703:
For instance , al - Sari b . alHakam b . Yusuf al - Zutti " was a governor of Egypt in 200-205 H./815-820 A.D. There were two other reported cases of social mobility among the Zutt people .
394:, encompassing more than modern-day West Punjab in Pakistan and East Punjab in India, as per the 1921 census 47,3% of the Jats followed Islam, 33,4% were Sikhs and 19,3% were Hindus.
1605:
696:
335:
In the plains of Punjab, there are many communities of Jat, some of whom had converted to Islam by the 18th century. Those clans that converted to Islam remained in what is now
303:, who was a Jat boy of age eight when he was adopted by the chief of the Pashtun Barech tribe, Sardar Daud Khan Rohilla. Due to the role he played in the establishment of
307:
and in the general history of
Rohillas, he gained recognition as a Rohilla chief, however, he was not Afghan by birth. Although the Rohillas lost their kingdom after the
377:
Jats, together with the
Rajputs and Gujjars, are the dominant ethnically-Punjabi and religiously-Islamic communities settled in the regions comprising eastern Pakistan.
1247:
744:
The
History of al-Ṭabarī Vol. 33: Storm and Stress along the Northern Frontiers of the ʿAbbasid Caliphate: The Caliphate of al-Muʿtaṣim A.D. 833-842/A.H. 218-227
924:
898:. A History of the Freedom Movement: Being the Story of Muslim Struggle for the Freedom of Hind-Pakistan, 1707-1947. Pakistan Historical Society. p. 304
1598:
908:
Amongst other prisoners he obtained a young Jat boy of eight years . Daud took a fancy to him and adopted him as his son and named him ' Ali
Muhammad Khan.
845:
Sadullah Khan was the son of Amir Bakhsh, a cultivator of
Chiniot. He belonged to a Jat family. He was born on Thursday, the 10th Safar 1000 A.H./1591 A.C.
1437:
186:
Jats were earliest people in the Indian subcontinent to have interacted with the
Muslims as multiple trading communities of Jats already existed in the
716:
683:...Abu Hanifa (699–767), the founder of the Hanafi school of law, who was of Jat stock, most likely descending from those early prisoners sent to Iraq.
457:. The new Cambridge history of India / general ed. Gordon Johnson 4, The evolution of contemporary South Asia. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
1591:
1377:
998:
Samma, Sahtah, Chand(Channa)....which appear, at least in the Muslim sources, to be subdivisions of the Jats or to be put on a par with the Jats.
954:
2008:
1542:
1213:
1158:
2541:
1751:
984:
934:
806:
779:
752:
726:
676:
646:
612:
577:
534:
489:
462:
976:
Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Early medieval India and the expansion of Islam 7th-11th centuries. Vol. 1
604:
Al-Hind: The Making of the Indo-Islamic World. Early medieval India and the expansion of Islam 7th-11th centuries. Vol. 1
346:
Jats had a strong presence in
Balochistan before the Baloch migrations in the medieval ages. The modern Baloch tribes of
1125:
769:
1045:
636:
343:. In Pakistan, most Jats are land-owning agriculturalists, and they form one of the numerous ethnic group in Sindh.
742:
666:
391:
241:
2551:
287:
64:
260:
and Jats lost their distinct identity in the Mesopotamia that they had previously, probably merging with the
2536:
1151:
291:
1583:
414:
In Pakistan, the Jat population is estimated to number around 21 million compared to 12 million in India.
2546:
798:
Al-Hind, The Making of the Indo-Islamic World: Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest, 11th-13th Centuries
275:
regions of Pakistan in the seventh century, the chief tribal groupings they found were the Jats and the
232:(420–438), where they acted as mercenary soldiers for caliphate. They produced prominent people such as
835:. Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University. 1992. p. 84
283:
saints of Punjab. Critically, the process of conversion was said to have been a much slower process.
1845:
653:
Some Jat freemen became famous in the Islamic world , as for instance Abu Hanifa ( 699-767 ? )
1144:
433:
206:
796:
2386:
1562:
279:. Most Jats clans of western Punjab have traditions that they accepted Islam at the hands of
1242:
520:
237:
698:
Social Mobility in Islamic Civilization: The Classical Period: Y Muhammad Abdul Jabbar Beg
286:
During the era of Mughals there appears to be a little change in their position, with one
8:
1809:
371:
163:
1527:
340:
245:
187:
178:
onward and constitute a distinct subgroup within the diverse community of Jat people.
1287:
1122:
1051:
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930:
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802:
775:
748:
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672:
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608:
583:
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485:
458:
308:
300:
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2270:
2097:
1953:
1898:
1883:
1741:
1698:
1675:
1547:
1412:
1227:
1118:
1113:
Lodrick, Deryck O. (2009). "JATS". In Gallagher, Timothy L.; Hobby, Jeneen (eds.).
336:
171:
150:
120:
76:
60:
455:
Caste, society and politics in India from the eighteenth century to the modern age
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2207:
2013:
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428:
363:
359:
320:
296:
197:
130:
72:
569:
Encyclopedia of Medical Anthropology: Health and Illness in the World's Cultures
2510:
2348:
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2147:
2028:
1958:
1948:
1918:
1572:
1432:
1427:
1417:
1402:
1115:
Worldmark Encyclopedia of Cultures and Daily Life. Volume 3: Asia & Oceania
559:
399:
347:
324:
312:
257:
175:
2525:
2475:
2142:
1827:
1789:
1392:
1387:
1307:
1297:
587:
572:. Vol. 2. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media. pp. 777–783.
1055:
816:
544:
2531:
2500:
2343:
2217:
2182:
2162:
2064:
1784:
1665:
1618:
1614:
1613:
1397:
1257:
563:
316:
192:
1136:
529:. Translated by Gillian Beaumont. London: Anthem Press. pp. 205–206.
2411:
2371:
1963:
1799:
1713:
1708:
1670:
1477:
1462:
1292:
1262:
1252:
920:
423:
367:
315:, son of Ali Mohammed Khan, managed to become Nawab of princely state of
268:
261:
221:
1988:
1865:
1718:
1690:
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1507:
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504:
304:
276:
253:
233:
155:
104:
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2157:
1893:
1759:
1497:
1472:
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1327:
1312:
1267:
1203:
941:
Most of the contemporary sources, however, call him a Jat or an Ahir.
56:
1011:
2470:
2338:
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2197:
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2177:
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1968:
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1567:
1457:
1362:
1352:
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355:
351:
249:
229:
174:
regions of Pakistan. Jats began converting to Islam from the early
44:
2439:
2323:
2167:
2112:
2072:
1943:
1819:
1769:
1723:
1634:
1502:
1452:
1382:
1372:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1198:
891:
823:
747:. State University of New York Press. 1 July 2015. p. 7–10.
668:
Islam in South Asia: Revised, Enlarged and Updated Second Edition
2505:
2490:
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1978:
1973:
1938:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1888:
1873:
1855:
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1779:
1774:
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1442:
1422:
1367:
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1337:
1322:
1317:
1302:
1237:
1232:
1222:
1217:
1208:
1185:
272:
68:
1070:
Census of India 1921. Vol. 15, Punjab and Delhi. Pt. 1, Report
2495:
2480:
2465:
2460:
2444:
2376:
2300:
2295:
2262:
2257:
2242:
2192:
2003:
1998:
1993:
1983:
1878:
1850:
1680:
1652:
1622:
1522:
1517:
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1487:
1447:
1193:
1180:
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403:
225:
167:
159:
92:
2416:
2333:
2117:
2018:
1913:
1703:
1557:
280:
154:), are an elastic and diverse ethno-social subgroup of the
80:
22:
256:. Their power in lower Iraq broke down after the failed
1094:
Census of India 1931. Vol. 17, Punjab. Pt. 2, Tables
1035:
855:
853:
211:
1012:"When it comes to 'I do', the cult of clans matter"
18:Ethnoreligious subgroup on the Indian subcontinent
961:Kalhoras a local Sindhi tribe of Channa origin...
850:
481:Frontiers of Embedded Muslim Communities in India
2523:
926:The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780
892:Ḥusain, M.; Pakistan Historical Society (1957).
801:. Vol. 2. Boston: Brill. pp. 241–242.
21:For historical Jat community in lower Iraq, see
866:. Atlantic Publishers & Distri. p. 118
515:
513:
979:. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 158-159.
162:and are native to the northern regions of the
1599:
1152:
1009:
771:Al-hind: The Making of the Indo-islamic World
638:Al-hind: The Making of the Indo-islamic World
323:(1701–1783) of Sindh were also probably from
895:A History of the Freedom Movement: 1707-1831
510:
505:Jat caste on Encyclopedia Britannica website
1166:
701:. University of Malaya Press. p. 171.
1606:
1592:
1159:
1145:
607:. Brill Academic Publishers. p. 156.
166:. They are found primarily throughout the
125:
956:The Temple of Sun God: Relics of the Past
551:
519:
788:
919:
714:
477:
2524:
859:
735:
557:
330:
1587:
1140:
1038:A history of Pakistan and its origins
952:
887:
885:
664:
526:A History of Pakistan and Its Origins
452:
149:
1003:
972:
959:. Sangam Publications. p. 175.
794:
767:
688:
634:
600:
39:Regions with significant populations
695:Beg, Muhammad Abdul Jabbar (1981).
694:
558:Khanna, Sunil K. (2004). "Jat". In
228:since the time of Sassanid emperor
201:
158:, who are composed of followers of
134:
13:
1036:Christophe Jaffrelot, ed. (2004).
1010:Sumaira Jajja (29 December 2013).
913:
882:
721:. McGill University. p. 132.
478:Jairath, Vinod K. (3 April 2013).
14:
2563:
966:
718:Religion and Society in Arab Sind
658:
628:
385:
220:in Persian. They were present in
1107:
1104:Accessed 8 Apr. 2024. Page 290.
1086:
1083:Accessed 8 Apr. 2024. Page 345.
1062:
1029:
946:
761:
708:
380:
327:tribe, a sub-division of Jats.
2542:Jat clans of Jammu and Kashmir
594:
498:
471:
446:
1:
665:Malik, Jamal (6 April 2020).
439:
238:Al-Sari ibn al Hakam al-Zutti
216:) in early Arab writings and
299:(1714–1774) descended from
7:
715:Maclean, Derryl N. (1984).
417:
409:
271:entered Sindh and southern
212:
10:
2568:
953:Brohī, ʻAlī Aḥmad (1998).
392:British province of Punjab
370:descend directly from the
181:
20:
2453:
2430:
2357:
2309:
2055:
2037:
1864:
1836:
1818:
1750:
1732:
1689:
1651:
1633:
1176:
1130:. Retrieved 8 April 2024.
507:Retrieved 9 November 2020
124:
103:
98:
91:
86:
55:
50:
43:
38:
1040:. London: Anthem Press.
484:. Routledge. p. 1.
190:. Jats were referred as
832:Journal of Central Asia
434:List of Punjabi Muslims
301:Nawab Ali Muhammed Khan
929:. BRILL. p. 120.
774:. BRILL. p. 157.
641:. BRILL. p. 161.
147:Punjabi pronunciation:
2552:Jat clans of Pakistan
1098:Census Reports - 1931
1074:Census Reports - 1921
671:. BRILL. p. 44.
521:Jaffrelot, Christophe
453:Bayly, Susan (2001).
288:Nawab Sa'adullah Khan
99:Related ethnic groups
795:Wink, André (2002).
768:Wink, André (1991).
635:Wink, André (1991).
290:even serving as the
2537:Jat clans of Punjab
860:Irvine, W. (1971).
372:Jats of Balochistan
331:Social organization
164:Indian subcontinent
35:
2547:Jat clans of India
921:Gommans, Jos J. L.
246:Abu Hatim al-Zutti
188:pre-Islamic Arabia
33:
2519:
2518:
1846:Gurjara-Pratihara
1581:
1580:
986:978-0-391-04125-7
973:Wink, A. (2002).
936:978-90-04-10109-8
808:978-0-391-04174-5
781:978-90-04-09249-5
754:978-0-7914-9721-0
728:978-0-315-20821-6
678:978-90-04-42271-1
648:978-90-04-09249-5
614:978-0-391-04125-7
601:Wink, A. (2002).
579:978-0-387-29905-1
536:978-1-84331-030-3
491:978-1-136-19680-5
464:978-0-521-79842-6
309:first Rohilla War
248:, the founder of
210:
151:[d͡ʒəʈːᵊ]
137:), also spelled
110:
109:
2559:
1752:Scheduled Castes
1699:Yaduvanshi Ahirs
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337:Pakistani Punjab
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1135:
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1128:
1121:. pp. 418–419.
1112:
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1100:, 1933., 1933.
1091:
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629:
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560:Ember, Carol R.
556:
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429:Punjabi Muslims
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297:Rohilla dynasty
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1127:978-1414448916
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877:Muhammad Khan.
849:
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734:
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647:
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523:, ed. (2002).
509:
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564:Ember, Melvin
561:
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242:emir of Egypt
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58:
54:
49:
46:
42:
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28:
24:
16:
1785:Mazhabi Sikh
1114:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1088:
1077:
1073:
1064:
1037:
1031:
1019:. Retrieved
1015:
1005:
997:
990:. Retrieved
975:
968:
960:
955:
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940:
925:
915:
907:
900:. Retrieved
894:
875:
868:. Retrieved
863:Later Mughal
862:
844:
837:. Retrieved
831:
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797:
790:
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763:
743:
737:
717:
710:
702:
697:
690:
682:
667:
660:
652:
637:
630:
618:. Retrieved
603:
596:
568:
553:
525:
500:
480:
473:
454:
448:
413:
396:
389:
381:Demographics
376:
345:
334:
292:Grand Vizier
285:
266:
252:sub-sect of
217:
191:
185:
176:Medieval era
142:
138:
117:Musalman Jat
116:
112:
111:
30:Ethnic group
27:
15:
2372:Mair Rajput
1714:Hindu Ghosi
1478:Sandhawalia
1117:(2nd ed.).
424:Sindhi Jats
262:Marsh Arabs
222:Mesopotamia
2526:Categories
1989:Sial tribe
1021:9 November
440:References
402:(12%) and
305:Rohilkhand
277:Med people
264:of Iraq.
254:Qarmatians
234:Abu Hanifa
156:Jat people
135:مسلمان جاٽ
113:Jat Muslim
105:Jat people
34:Jat Muslim
2238:Sabharwal
2158:Khukhrain
1894:Chaudhary
1760:Ad-Dharmi
1742:Khandowya
1328:Jhajharia
1243:Chudasama
1204:Bhalothia
588:473757308
341:Partition
311:in 1774,
207:romanized
126:جٹ مسلمان
75:(and its
63:(and its
57:Khariboli
51:Languages
2471:Bakarwal
2432:Tarkhans
2329:Chhibber
2198:Mehrotra
2188:Malhotra
2178:Mahendru
2133:Kandhari
2078:Bhandari
2024:Warraich
1969:Randhawa
1909:Dhankhar
1810:Ravidasi
1734:Chauhans
1627:Punjabis
1568:Warraich
1458:Randhawa
1408:Makhdoom
1388:Langrial
1363:Khangura
1353:Kasaniya
1348:Kalwania
1333:Jhanjhar
1056:56646546
992:2 August
923:(1995).
817:48837811
620:2 August
566:(eds.).
545:61512448
418:See also
410:Pakistan
356:Lanjwani
352:Gurchani
321:Kalhoras
250:Baqliyya
230:Bahram V
202:الزُّطِّ
87:Religion
77:dialects
65:dialects
45:Pakistan
2440:Panesar
2392:Chauhan
2387:Rathore
2359:Rajputs
2324:Bhimwal
2168:Khullar
2148:Khattar
2113:Gambhir
2073:Bhambri
2057:Khatris
1944:Khokhar
1838:Gurjars
1820:Gakhars
1770:Bazigar
1765:Balmiki
1724:Ranghar
1719:Aharwar
1635:Agrawal
1625:of the
1563:Vaghela
1528:Solanki
1503:Sheoran
1498:Shokeen
1453:Pilania
1383:Khokhar
1373:Khatkar
1288:Ghumman
1283:Dhindsa
1278:Dhillon
1273:Dhaulya
1248:Chauhan
1199:Bargoti
902:30 July
870:30 July
839:30 July
406:(10%).
400:Rajputs
390:In the
364:Zardari
360:Kolachi
240:, the
213:Az-Zutt
209::
182:History
121:Punjabi
61:Punjabi
2511:Shaikh
2506:Sayyid
2491:Kumhar
2486:Kamboj
2454:Others
2422:Wattoo
2407:Jamwal
2402:Jaswal
2397:Minhas
2382:Janjua
2377:Bhatti
2367:Jarral
2291:Vadera
2286:Trehan
2281:Thapar
2276:Tandon
2271:Talwar
2248:Sehgal
2233:Roshan
2223:Oberoi
2218:Nayyar
2213:Narula
2203:Nagpal
2173:Madhok
2153:Khosla
2143:Khanna
2138:Kapoor
2128:Kakkar
2123:Gujral
2108:Duggal
2103:Dhawan
2098:Chopra
2093:Chadha
2088:Bindra
2083:Bhasin
2069:Bhamba
2047:Labana
2039:Labana
2009:Tiwana
1979:Sekhon
1974:Sandhu
1964:Ranjha
1939:Kharal
1934:Kahlon
1929:Jaswal
1924:Grewal
1904:Chohan
1899:Cheema
1889:Buttar
1884:Bhutta
1874:Aulakh
1856:Baisla
1828:Kayani
1795:Mirasi
1780:Khatik
1775:Chamar
1676:Kardar
1661:Rayeen
1653:Arains
1643:Bansal
1623:tribes
1543:Tiwana
1493:Sehdev
1483:Sandhu
1463:Ranjha
1443:Panwar
1438:Parmar
1428:Mirdha
1423:Minhas
1393:Langah
1378:Khaira
1368:Kharal
1358:Katewa
1338:Kahlon
1323:Jewlia
1318:Jaswal
1308:Guhila
1303:Grewal
1298:Gondal
1263:Dahiya
1253:Chopra
1238:Chilka
1233:Chhina
1228:Cheema
1223:Bhatti
1218:Battar
1214:Bhangu
1209:Buttar
1190:Ansari
1186:Aulakh
1171:people
1102:JSTOR.
1054:
1044:
983:
933:
815:
805:
778:
751:
725:
675:
645:
611:
586:
576:
543:
533:
488:
461:
348:Babbar
339:after
325:Channa
319:. The
317:Rampur
273:Punjab
244:, and
218:Jat-an
198:Arabic
172:Punjab
131:Sindhi
73:Sindhi
69:Lahnda
2501:Sansi
2496:Saini
2481:Dogar
2476:Bania
2466:Bagga
2461:Arora
2445:Sohal
2344:Mohan
2301:Vohra
2296:Vadra
2263:Sodhi
2258:Sethi
2243:Sahni
2208:Nanda
2193:Mehra
2183:Makan
2163:Kohli
2065:Anand
2014:Uppal
2004:Sohal
1999:Sodhi
1994:Sipra
1984:Sidhu
1954:Malhi
1879:Bajwa
1851:Bhati
1790:Mochi
1709:Ghosi
1704:Ahirs
1691:Ahirs
1681:Ramay
1553:Uppal
1548:Tomar
1538:Tarar
1533:Sunda
1523:Sohal
1518:Sipra
1513:Sidhu
1488:Sagoo
1448:Pannu
1418:Malik
1413:Malhi
1258:Dabas
1194:Bajwa
1181:Atwal
1079:JSTOR
404:Arain
368:Dodai
269:Arabs
267:When
226:Syria
168:Sindh
160:Islam
93:Islam
2417:Raja
2412:Rana
2349:Vaid
2334:Datt
2319:Bali
2267:Soni
2253:Seth
2228:Puri
2118:Ghai
2029:Wyne
2019:Virk
1959:Noon
1949:Maan
1919:Gill
1914:Deol
1866:Jats
1671:Mehr
1666:Mian
1621:and
1573:Wyne
1558:Virk
1508:Sial
1473:Sahu
1468:Sahi
1433:Noon
1403:Maan
1398:Lali
1313:Hans
1293:Gill
1268:Dara
1123:ISBN
1119:Gale
1052:OCLC
1042:ISBN
1023:2020
994:2022
981:ISBN
931:ISBN
904:2022
872:2022
841:2022
813:OCLC
803:ISBN
776:ISBN
749:ISBN
723:ISBN
673:ISBN
643:ISBN
622:2022
609:ISBN
584:OCLC
574:ISBN
541:OCLC
531:ISBN
486:ISBN
459:ISBN
366:and
281:Sufi
224:and
193:Zuṭṭ
170:and
143:Jutt
139:Jatt
81:Urdu
79:) •
67:) •
23:Zutt
2532:Jat
2339:Lau
1800:Nat
1343:Kak
1169:Jat
1096:.”
1072:.”
141:or
115:or
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.