924:
809:
3945:
3933:
1067:
3969:
644:
40:
3957:
1141:
There have been notable disputes over claims of a first ascent (or first free ascent), for various reasons (disputes over the style employed, issues with verifiability, accusations of bad faith and fraud), and the most notable are where a new grade milestone and/or major advancement in difficulty is
1374:
of first free ascent in traditional climbing (and an FFA that had been headpointed would be asterisked as such), leading traditional climbers eventually followed the redpointing practices of sport climbers (i.e. practicing the route over-and-over in a safe way), and dispensed with the stigma
1199:
called it "the greatest climbing feat of all time". Inconsistencies in
Maestri's account, and the lack of equipment on the route, led most to doubt his claim. Maestri further inflamed the controversy by returning in 1970 and drilling 400 bolts onto his new
749:
First alpine-style (or unsupported) ascent. In 2008, the charter of the prestigious Piolet d'Or prize was amended to focus on small teams with no support making fast, but riskier, ascents on routes that had previously been done by expeditions (called
663:
As mountaineering developed in the 20th century, the attainment of a summit by almost any means was replaced by ascents that reflected the style used and the conditions faced. In 2008, the most prestigious annual prize in mountaineering, the
1311:, his claim provoked a significant backlash from parts of the climbing community and even accusations that he never completed an FFA (the person who belayed him could not be identified to help verification). The route was repeated in 2011 by
1443:
829:
In rock climbing, the manner in which the first free ascent was achieved became important to chronicle by climbing journals and magazines. The key differentiators were the style on which the route was free climbed (e.g.
2300:
892:(as a counterpoint to a "redpoint"), to describe climbing a pre-bolted sport climbing route, but only using "traditional protection" (i.e. protection that is not permanently fixed via pre-placed bolts or pitons).
1260: (5.14d). Rouhling faced an unprecedented level of personal vilification from parts of the climbing community on whether he had actually climbed the route, as all other attempts had failed. In 2020,
1922:
1035:
is practiced by a smaller community of climbers and is a controversial area given the risks undertaken and whether such risks should be recorded and thus implicitly endorsed. Free solo climbing
2191:
1453:
783:
ascent, performed by a single climber. The first solo ascents of the alpine north faces, including the first solo winter ascents, were coveted (the winter solo "Trilogy" was completed by
2116:
2158:
1862:
2368:
584:
As all the key tops were summited, the manner in which each top was reached became important, particularly the ability to complete the ascent without artificial aid, which is called
2270:
2093:
1486:
1892:
3854:
907:
First redpoint ascent (sport climbing only). In the 1980s, climbers wanted to ascend routes that had no opportunities for traditional climbing protection, and they had to be
791:. Himalayan solo ascents are also coveted, although problems around verification are more frequent due to the more remote nature of the routes, with notable disputes such as
857:
First free ascent (traditional climbing only). Pre-1980s, the FFAs were by traditional climbing techniques. A distinction was recorded if a climber practiced the moves on a
3849:
2292:
997:, means it was done at the very first attempt, and without prior information (or beta). Climbing journals chronicle the progression of grade milestones of onsights both
1684:
1016:, means it was done at the first attempt, but with prior information (or beta). Climbing journals chronicle the progression of grade milestones for flashed routes by
1832:
1021:
1017:
1002:
998:
1279:
627:
is a more controversial aspect, given the concerns about advocating such a dangerous form of climbing. With the rise in female participation in climbing, the
1724:
2398:
3901:
2868:
2022:
1792:
3913:
1914:
1091:
955:
First repeat ascent (traditional or sport climbing). The grading of a route can be complicated as the person making the FFA had no prior information or
878:
1291:
1244:
977:
960:
912:
874:
1564:
1036:
1024:
climbers. With the availability of route beta online (e.g. videos of prior ascents), the distinction between onsight and flash ascents has diminished.
2201:
611:
As the sport of climbing developed, additional types of ascent became notable and chronicled in guidebooks and journals. In mountaineering, and
1418:
963:
for confirmation of a grade, particularly when a new grade milestone is proposed. For the highest grades, the first repeat can take years (e.g.
2856:
2336:
2124:
1986:
1955:
2058:
2150:
1854:
2358:
1185:
2260:
2083:
2841:
1476:
927:
86:
923:
3895:
3864:
600:
in the event of a fall could be used as long as they did not aid progression). Completing the FFA of a climbing route is often called
524:
59:
1884:
2890:
2885:
1351:
1341:
110:
1783:"How the World's Boldest Climbing Area Got that Way: How headpointing became a legitimate, go-to tactic on Peak District gritstone"
1603:
1531:
2462:
1164:
744:, was only summited in winter in 2021 (66 years after its first ascent) and considered a "holy grail" of mountaineering prizes.
1674:
1160:
2237:
1648:
651:
and Martin Ploug (pictured) nearing the summit of the unclimbed peak, Ren Zhong Feng (5800m), in China via their new route
2070:
A month later, Roxanna Brock teamed up with Bobbi
Bensman to do the first female free ascent (FFFA) of the route in a day.
2851:
2500:
2436:
1642:
724:
First winter ascent. The winter climbing season is between
December 21 and March 20. The first winter ascents of the
1824:
2836:
2821:
76:
1716:
1168:
2390:
2012:
1782:
3973:
3834:
1334:
712:
517:
725:
688:
672:
teams using no form of aid or support, rather than on large expedition-style teams using "siege" techniques.
570:
3764:
3141:
1554:
1329:
565:. Early 20th-century mountaineers and climbers focused on reaching the tops of iconic mountains (e.g. the
1346:
1156:
3136:
2902:
1284:
1082:
First female free ascent (abbreviated FFFA). Important female climbers emerged in the 1980s including
982:
122:
911:
with protection (but not aid), which was called sport climbing. Sport climbing has since set all new
3961:
3824:
3186:
1400:
1128:
closed the gap to the highest sport climbing grades achieved by men to within one/two notches, while
510:
2326:
1978:
1945:
1195:
summited, but that Egger who had the camera, was swept to his death by an avalanche on the descent.
766:. The charter was amended to de-incentivize excessive risk-taking after several winners died (e.g.
3739:
3734:
2880:
2044:
1205:
1095:
943:
808:
468:
105:
656:
4000:
3869:
3664:
3639:
3530:
3523:
2928:
2831:
2786:
2187:
2049:
1316:
1304:
1294:
1269:
1257:
1247:
822:
596:) is used where a mountain or climbing route is ascended without any artificial aid (devices for
360:
55:
1151:
First ascent of
Everest: Arguably the most famous case of an unverified first ascent is whether
3779:
3689:
3332:
3085:
2941:
2873:
2493:
1252:
1163:. Subsequent Everest expeditions have not been able to answer the question including the 1999
965:
680:
420:
98:
3839:
1755:
1272: (5.14d), a grade Rouhling has climbed on other routes, and thus his FFA became accepted.
888:
First greenpoint ascent (traditional climbing only). In the 2010s, traditional climbers used
3814:
3729:
3231:
3097:
1100:
919:" became the accepted definition for what determined a "first free ascent" in sport climbing.
889:
1577:
The
Piolets d'Or (Golden Ice Axes) were long considered to be the 'Oscars of Mountaineering'
1204:, to claim the second ascent. In 2012, yet more controversy followed when American climbers
3844:
3829:
3819:
3070:
3036:
2816:
2590:
2568:
2561:
2549:
2293:"Fred Rouhling's Akira finally repeated after 25 years by Sébastien Bouin, Lucien Martinez"
1087:
831:
194:
172:
165:
153:
8:
3719:
3537:
3516:
3419:
3361:
3356:
3315:
3290:
3213:
3119:
3041:
2953:
2694:
2471:
2331:
2265:
2232:
2196:
2017:
1950:
1787:
1679:
1598:
1559:
1513:
1448:
1299:
1237:
916:
866:
597:
430:
408:
3859:
3441:
3409:
3080:
3063:
2919:
2897:
2863:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2088:
1593:
1405:
839:
554:
490:
435:
216:
211:
206:
93:
1261:
1116:, announced by Hill to the world's climbing media by: "It goes, boys". By the 2000s,
728:
were a coveted prize, particularly the "Trilogy" of the three hardest, the Eiger, the
3995:
3949:
3932:
3874:
3669:
3597:
3572:
3558:
3551:
3366:
3268:
3168:
2948:
2619:
2544:
2486:
2432:
1638:
1522:
1517:
1410:
1117:
1113:
1070:
648:
463:
453:
223:
148:
48:
44:
23:
2452:
3809:
3744:
3724:
3699:
3684:
3451:
3429:
3305:
3048:
2684:
2424:
1125:
1109:
1013:
870:
784:
737:
733:
696:
578:
566:
495:
475:
271:
261:
115:
1444:"Climbers Make History Making First Winter Ascent of Pakistan's 'Killer Mountain'"
771:
3937:
3804:
3749:
3704:
3679:
3649:
3434:
3404:
3327:
3322:
3181:
3129:
3053:
3014:
2987:
2672:
2645:
2466:
2227:
1632:
956:
908:
869:" as the definition of an FFA, such a distinction was dropped. FFAs that set new
847:
817:
612:
485:
244:
675:
The most notable types of mountaineering first ascents that are chronicled are:
3796:
3769:
3674:
3644:
3509:
3456:
3399:
3394:
3344:
3285:
3221:
3092:
3075:
2992:
2826:
2791:
2756:
2751:
2706:
2664:
2635:
2585:
2573:
1213:
1181:
1152:
893:
853:
The most notable types of rock climbing first ascents that are chronicled are:
835:
788:
665:
562:
538:
480:
425:
370:
330:
325:
249:
234:
189:
177:
81:
2151:"Can't Keep Her Down: A Consolidated History of Women's Climbing Achievements"
754:). Multiple Piolet d'Or winners, whose ascents embodied this style, included
3989:
3759:
3659:
3604:
3565:
3464:
3414:
3389:
3300:
3153:
3009:
2975:
2796:
2771:
2650:
2640:
2597:
2580:
2524:
2363:
1414:
1232:
1227:
1190:
780:
755:
704:
585:
403:
375:
365:
345:
201:
184:
133:
3273:
2261:"Fred Rouhling's Akira Sees First Repeats Since 1995 FA, Receives Downgrade"
792:
3879:
3774:
3654:
3590:
3469:
3031:
3019:
2980:
2965:
2776:
2701:
2689:
2539:
1481:
1196:
1121:
1046:
932:
751:
684:
669:
574:
350:
278:
266:
143:
1077:(8b+ 5.14a, 300-metres, 9 pitches), on the Grand Pfad in Bern, Switzerland
779:
First solo ascent. The most dangerous form of alpine-style ascent is the
736:. The most notable first winter ascents were the Himalayan and Karakoram
3714:
3709:
3446:
3339:
3238:
3024:
2958:
2781:
2761:
2723:
2711:
2677:
1628:
1177:
1129:
1066:
759:
355:
335:
295:
283:
254:
1031:
First free solo ascent (independent of traditional or sport climbing).
695:
in particular. The 1950s saw the first ascents of most of the fourteen
3295:
3176:
3109:
2970:
2741:
2718:
2556:
1312:
1209:
1105:
993:
First onsight ascent (traditional or sport climbing). An FFA that was
971:
858:
812:
767:
763:
729:
315:
290:
160:
2045:"North America, United States, Nevada, Rainbow Wall, Various Activity"
1915:"Sonnie Trotter finds The Path 5.14 R at Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada"
3618:
3611:
3479:
3474:
3384:
3349:
3263:
3208:
3114:
3058:
2997:
2746:
2013:"Free Solo Rock Climbing and the Climbers Who Have Defined the Sport"
1083:
1041:
1032:
938:
862:
716:
708:
393:
320:
2359:"Sébastian Bouin Claims Third Ascent of Chilam Balam (5.15b), Spain"
1012:
First flash ascent (traditional or sport climbing). An FFA that was
3694:
3544:
3280:
3243:
3201:
3191:
2509:
1054:
948:
558:
542:
415:
398:
31:
1315:
who downgraded it, and further repeats reduced its grade to circa
787:
in 1977–78); one of the most famous practitioners was the
Italian
573:) by whatever means possible, often using considerable amounts of
3310:
3196:
3146:
3002:
2766:
994:
843:
700:
340:
1212:
and Peter Ortner to make the FFA, for which all four won a 2013
3158:
3124:
796:
679:
First ascent. The most notable first ascents started with the
643:
39:
1675:"Who Did It First? Style, Grades and Dispute in First Ascents"
842:), whether the free climb was done on the first attempt (e.g.
687:). In the 1930s, the focus moved to the first ascents of the
619:
is recorded, given the significantly greater difficulty. The
3907:
3754:
3226:
3104:
2936:
1756:"What Is A Redpoint In Climbing? – Climbing Jargon Explained"
692:
3908:
557:), is the first successful documented climb to the top of a
2478:
1477:"Nepalese team makes first successful winter ascent of K2"
683:
when the main alpine peaks were summited (and often using
2192:"Patagonia's Cerro Torre Gets the Chop: Maestri Unbolted"
2117:"American Woman Reaches a New Milestone in Rock Climbing"
1717:"Redpoint, Pinkpoint, and Headpoint – What Do They Mean?"
1297: (5.15c) route, when the highest grade at the time,
1250: (5.15b) route, when the highest grade at the time,
1855:"Heiko Queitsch greenpoint climbing in the Frankenjura"
1090:
and climbing journals began to chronicle milestones in
846:), and whether the climber had prior information (e.g.
741:
2084:"The 25 Greatest Moments in Yosemite Climbing History"
3850:
Federación Española de
Deportes de Montaña y Escalada
1518:"Piolets d'Or: A Short History of the Golden Ice Axe"
3902:
International
Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
3855:
Fédération française de la montagne et de l'escalade
1277:
In 2003, Spanish climber Bernabé Fernández proposed
3914:
1347:
List of first ascents of eight-thousander mountains
1208:and Jason Kruk, removed Maestri's bolts, enabling
1132:had fully closed the gap for traditional climbing.
1098:being Lynn Hill's 1993 FFA/FFFA of the 3,000-foot
1094:. In some cases, an FFFA is also an FFA, the most
2391:"Dani Andrada does fourth ascent of Chilam Balam"
703:in particular. By the 1980s, the rock spires of
638:
3987:
2457:on Didier Berthod's failed first free ascent of
2423:
1885:"Chasin the Trane greenpoint in the Frankenjura"
1631:(2001). "My Way: A Short Talk with Tomo Cesen".
581:support teams that laid "siege" to the climb.
1401:"A Climbing Award That May Be a Winner's Last"
865:", although with the post-1980s dominance of "
2494:
1946:"Trotter Chops Bolts, Sends Marathon Project"
1634:Kiss Or Kill: Confessions of a Serial Climber
1230:created a major controversy when he proposed
518:
3896:International Federation of Sport Climbing
2501:
2487:
2075:
795:'s first solo ascent of the south face of
668:, amended its focus to small light-weight
525:
511:
2081:
1370:While headpointing was once considered a
1352:List of grade milestones in rock climbing
1342:List of first ascents of mountain summits
1307: (5.15a). As with Fred Rouhling on
2258:
1979:"Onsight and Flash – What Do They Mean?"
1672:
1637:. Mountaineering Books. pp. 63–74.
1552:
1512:
1474:
1441:
1065:
922:
807:
642:
2186:
2114:
1943:
1822:
1591:
1555:"Highlights from the 23rd Piolets d'Or"
1039:are chronicled, the most notable being
3988:
2320:
2318:
2182:
2180:
2178:
2176:
2144:
2142:
2006:
2004:
1823:Oviglia, Maurizio (23 December 2012).
1780:
1750:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1742:
1627:
1165:Mallory and Irvine Research Expedition
900:(5.14a R, 2007), is a notable example.
2482:
2401:from the original on 10 February 2023
2371:from the original on 10 February 2023
2339:from the original on 10 February 2023
2221:
2219:
2148:
2010:
1976:
1895:from the original on 22 December 2022
1865:from the original on 22 December 2022
1818:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1810:
1727:from the original on 22 December 2022
1714:
1710:
1708:
1706:
1704:
1702:
1687:from the original on 10 February 2023
1668:
1666:
1651:from the original on 10 February 2023
1534:from the original on 19 February 2022
1489:from the original on 10 February 2023
1442:Bisharat, Andrew (27 February 2016).
1394:
1392:
1159:reached the summit of Everest on the
623:is also commonly noted, although the
3956:
2327:"Ondra Grabs Ascent of Chilam Balam"
2259:Corrigan, Keven (23 November 2020).
2225:
2161:from the original on 29 January 2022
2096:from the original on 4 December 2022
2025:from the original on 30 October 2022
1989:from the original on 28 January 2023
1958:from the original on 8 February 2023
1925:from the original on 8 February 2023
1623:
1621:
1606:from the original on 13 January 2020
1587:
1585:
1508:
1506:
1504:
1437:
1435:
1398:
815:making the first redpoint ascent of
3968:
2324:
2315:
2173:
2139:
2001:
1835:from the original on 4 January 2022
1795:from the original on 28 August 2023
1739:
1673:Sanzarro, Francis (22 March 2022).
1567:from the original on 1 January 2023
1136:
1112:), considered the biggest prize in
803:
13:
2417:
2216:
1807:
1699:
1663:
1475:Beaumont, Peter (6 January 2021).
1389:
14:
4012:
3865:South African Climbing Federation
2446:
2303:from the original on 22 June 2022
2273:from the original on 22 June 2022
2240:from the original on 22 June 2022
2228:"The Other Side of Fred Rouhling"
2149:Walsh, Megan (14 November 2017).
1618:
1582:
1553:Boermans, Menno (14 April 2015).
1501:
1432:
1330:List of first ascents in the Alps
1145:
959:. The first repeat is therefore
3967:
3955:
3944:
3943:
3931:
2837:IFSC World Championships winners
2115:Bishart, Andrew (1 March 2017).
1977:Pardy, Aaron (2 November 2022).
1944:Lambert, Erik (31 August 2007).
1825:"The evolution of free climbing"
1781:Huttom, Mike (3 November 2022).
1715:Pardy, Aaron (5 November 2022).
1220:
1169:2007 Altitude Everest expedition
569:) and climbing routes (e.g. the
38:
16:Mountaineering and climbing term
2383:
2351:
2285:
2252:
2108:
2061:from the original on 2023-02-11
2037:
1970:
1937:
1907:
1877:
1847:
1774:
1421:from the original on 2021-11-30
1375:associated with headpointing.
1364:
3835:British Mountaineering Council
1546:
1468:
1335:First ascent of the Matterhorn
639:In mountaineering and alpinism
1:
2325:Fox, Amanda (13 April 2011).
2011:Osius, Alison (4 June 2022).
1382:
1049:'s first free solo ascent of
726:great north faces of the Alps
689:great north faces of the Alps
588:. In free climbing, the term
571:great north faces of the Alps
2508:
1592:Parnell, Ian (1 July 2006).
1399:Levy, Michael (2021-11-29).
1045:, the Oscar-winning film of
7:
1594:"Victors of the Unwinnable"
1323:
1268:and estimated its grade at
635:) has also become notable.
561:or the top of a particular
10:
4017:
825: (5.15d) sport climb.
3927:
3888:
3825:Appalachian Mountain Club
3795:
3788:
3632:
3582:
3501:
3494:
3377:
3256:
3167:
2927:
2918:
2911:
2809:
2734:
2663:
2628:
2532:
2523:
2516:
2082:Editorial (1 June 2016).
1264:made the first repeat of
1092:female first free ascents
1061:
975:), or even decades (e.g.
850:) on that first attempt.
3740:Mountain Safety Research
3735:Mountain Equipment Co-op
1357:
1226:In 1995, French climber
629:first female free ascent
3870:South Tyrol Alpine Club
3665:Eastern Mountain Sports
3531:Canadian Alpine Journal
3524:American Alpine Journal
2787:Roof and tunnel hacking
2431:. Cassell Illustrated.
2050:American Alpine Journal
1161:1924 Everest expedition
1073:on the FFA and FFFA of
937:makes the first repeat
915:in rock climbing. The "
719:also had first ascents.
3690:Holubar Mountaineering
3502:Magazines and journals
2832:IFSC World Cup winners
2453:Peter Mortimer's film
1078:
951:
873:are notable, for both
826:
681:golden age of alpinism
660:
625:first free solo ascent
3815:Alpine Club of Canada
3725:Marmot Mountain Works
3680:GERRY Mountain Sports
1069:
926:
811:
740:, where the hardest,
646:
3845:Club Alpino Italiano
3830:Austrian Alpine Club
3820:American Alpine Club
2397:. 16 November 2015.
2299:. 23 November 2020.
1514:McDonald, Bernadette
1088:Catherine Destivelle
832:traditional climbing
821:, the world's first
577:, and/or with large
3840:Club Alpin Français
3214:Mountaineering boot
2827:Piolet d'Or winners
2226:Ward, Pete (2004).
2204:on 10 February 2023
2197:National Geographic
2190:(29 January 2012).
2121:National Geographic
1891:. 7 November 2011.
1456:on 10 February 2023
1449:National Geographic
617:first winter ascent
615:in particular, the
82:Piolet d'Or winners
3860:German Alpine Club
2465:2008-09-04 at the
2127:on January 4, 2022
1921:. 23 August 2007.
1829:PlanetMountain.com
1406:The New York Times
1079:
952:
840:free solo climbing
827:
661:
604:(or more latterly
3983:
3982:
3923:
3922:
3875:Swiss Alpine Club
3628:
3627:
3583:Non-fiction films
3559:Planinski Vestnik
3552:Himalayan Journal
3490:
3489:
3252:
3251:
2881:Historical events
2852:Eight-thousanders
2805:
2804:
2659:
2658:
2057:(73): 228. 1999.
1861:. 3 August 2012.
1523:Himalayan Journal
1118:Josune Bereziartu
1114:big wall climbing
1071:Josune Bereziartu
896:'s greenpoint of
738:eight-thousanders
697:eight-thousanders
649:Kristoffer Szilas
621:first solo ascent
590:first free ascent
567:eight-thousanders
535:
534:
116:Eight-thousanders
106:Historical events
60:Red Rocks, Nevada
49:first free ascent
45:Jonathan Siegrist
4008:
3971:
3970:
3959:
3958:
3947:
3946:
3935:
3793:
3792:
3745:Outdoor Research
3499:
3498:
2925:
2924:
2916:
2915:
2886:Grade milestones
2695:Expedition style
2530:
2529:
2521:
2520:
2503:
2496:
2489:
2480:
2479:
2475:(Issue 17, 2006)
2442:
2425:Stephen Venables
2411:
2410:
2408:
2406:
2387:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2376:
2355:
2349:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2322:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2289:
2283:
2282:
2280:
2278:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2245:
2223:
2214:
2213:
2211:
2209:
2200:. Archived from
2184:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2166:
2146:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2123:. Archived from
2112:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2101:
2079:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2066:
2041:
2035:
2034:
2032:
2030:
2008:
1999:
1998:
1996:
1994:
1983:Gripped Magazine
1974:
1968:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1941:
1935:
1934:
1932:
1930:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1902:
1900:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1851:
1845:
1844:
1842:
1840:
1820:
1805:
1804:
1802:
1800:
1778:
1772:
1771:
1769:
1767:
1762:. 2 October 2020
1752:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1721:Gripped Magazine
1712:
1697:
1696:
1694:
1692:
1670:
1661:
1660:
1658:
1656:
1625:
1616:
1615:
1613:
1611:
1589:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1572:
1550:
1544:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1510:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1472:
1466:
1465:
1463:
1461:
1452:. Archived from
1439:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1396:
1376:
1368:
1288:
1241:
1202:Compressor Route
1194:
1176:First ascent of
1142:being proposed:
1137:Notable disputes
1126:Ashima Shiraishi
1037:grade milestones
986:
944:Separate Reality
936:
913:grade milestones
871:grade milestones
804:In rock climbing
785:Ivano Ghirardini
734:Grandes Jorasses
713:Torres del Paine
647:Danish climbers
579:expedition style
549:(abbreviated to
527:
520:
513:
272:Expedition style
111:Grade milestones
42:
19:
18:
4016:
4015:
4011:
4010:
4009:
4007:
4006:
4005:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3979:
3919:
3884:
3784:
3650:Cascade Designs
3624:
3578:
3486:
3373:
3248:
3182:Abalakov thread
3163:
2907:
2801:
2730:
2655:
2624:
2608:Deep-water solo
2512:
2507:
2467:Wayback Machine
2449:
2439:
2420:
2418:Further reading
2415:
2414:
2404:
2402:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2374:
2372:
2357:
2356:
2352:
2342:
2340:
2323:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2291:
2290:
2286:
2276:
2274:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2241:
2224:
2217:
2207:
2205:
2185:
2174:
2164:
2162:
2147:
2140:
2130:
2128:
2113:
2109:
2099:
2097:
2080:
2076:
2064:
2062:
2043:
2042:
2038:
2028:
2026:
2009:
2002:
1992:
1990:
1975:
1971:
1961:
1959:
1942:
1938:
1928:
1926:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1898:
1896:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1868:
1866:
1853:
1852:
1848:
1838:
1836:
1821:
1808:
1798:
1796:
1779:
1775:
1765:
1763:
1754:
1753:
1740:
1730:
1728:
1713:
1700:
1690:
1688:
1671:
1664:
1654:
1652:
1645:
1626:
1619:
1609:
1607:
1590:
1583:
1570:
1568:
1551:
1547:
1537:
1535:
1511:
1502:
1492:
1490:
1473:
1469:
1459:
1457:
1440:
1433:
1424:
1422:
1397:
1390:
1385:
1380:
1379:
1369:
1365:
1360:
1326:
1290:as the world's
1282:
1262:Sébastien Bouin
1243:as the world's
1235:
1223:
1188:
1184:claimed he and
1148:
1139:
1064:
980:
930:
806:
641:
613:alpine climbing
531:
502:
440:
380:
302:
228:
212:Deep-water solo
127:
63:
17:
12:
11:
5:
4014:
4004:
4003:
4001:Mountaineering
3998:
3981:
3980:
3978:
3977:
3965:
3953:
3941:
3928:
3925:
3924:
3921:
3920:
3918:
3917:
3911:
3905:
3899:
3892:
3890:
3886:
3885:
3883:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3801:
3799:
3790:
3786:
3785:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3770:The North Face
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3742:
3737:
3732:
3727:
3722:
3717:
3712:
3707:
3702:
3700:Sierra Designs
3697:
3692:
3687:
3682:
3677:
3675:Frostline Kits
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3636:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3626:
3625:
3623:
3622:
3615:
3608:
3601:
3594:
3586:
3584:
3580:
3579:
3577:
3576:
3569:
3566:Rock & Ice
3562:
3555:
3548:
3541:
3534:
3527:
3520:
3513:
3510:Alpine Journal
3505:
3503:
3496:
3492:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3444:
3439:
3438:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3400:Climbing route
3397:
3392:
3387:
3381:
3379:
3375:
3374:
3372:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3359:
3354:
3353:
3352:
3345:Simul-climbing
3342:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3330:
3320:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3298:
3293:
3288:
3286:Front pointing
3283:
3278:
3277:
3276:
3271:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3235:
3234:
3229:
3224:
3222:Avalanche cord
3216:
3211:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3194:
3189:
3187:Bottled oxygen
3184:
3179:
3173:
3171:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3161:
3156:
3151:
3150:
3149:
3139:
3134:
3133:
3132:
3127:
3117:
3112:
3107:
3102:
3101:
3100:
3090:
3089:
3088:
3078:
3073:
3068:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3051:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3034:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3017:
3007:
3006:
3005:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2984:
2983:
2978:
2973:
2963:
2962:
2961:
2951:
2946:
2945:
2944:
2933:
2931:
2922:
2913:
2909:
2908:
2906:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2894:
2893:
2888:
2878:
2877:
2876:
2871:
2861:
2860:
2859:
2854:
2846:
2845:
2844:
2842:IFSC victories
2839:
2834:
2829:
2819:
2813:
2811:
2807:
2806:
2803:
2802:
2800:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2754:
2749:
2744:
2738:
2736:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2727:
2726:
2716:
2715:
2714:
2709:
2699:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2682:
2681:
2680:
2669:
2667:
2665:Mountaineering
2661:
2660:
2657:
2656:
2654:
2653:
2648:
2643:
2638:
2632:
2630:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2610:
2605:
2595:
2594:
2593:
2588:
2578:
2577:
2576:
2566:
2565:
2564:
2554:
2553:
2552:
2542:
2536:
2534:
2527:
2518:
2514:
2513:
2506:
2505:
2498:
2491:
2483:
2477:
2476:
2448:
2447:External links
2445:
2444:
2443:
2438:978-1844037582
2437:
2419:
2416:
2413:
2412:
2382:
2364:Rock & Ice
2350:
2314:
2297:PlanetMountain
2284:
2251:
2215:
2188:Roberts, David
2172:
2138:
2107:
2074:
2036:
2000:
1969:
1936:
1919:PlanetMountain
1906:
1889:PlanetMountain
1876:
1859:PlanetMountain
1846:
1806:
1773:
1738:
1698:
1662:
1644:978-0898867633
1643:
1617:
1581:
1545:
1500:
1467:
1431:
1387:
1386:
1384:
1381:
1378:
1377:
1362:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1355:
1354:
1349:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1320:
1319: (5.15a).
1274:
1273:
1256:, was only at
1253:Action Directe
1222:
1219:
1218:
1217:
1206:Hayden Kennedy
1182:Cesare Maestri
1173:
1172:
1153:George Mallory
1147:
1146:Mountaineering
1144:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1133:
1096:famous example
1063:
1060:
1059:
1058:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1025:
1007:
1006:
990:
989:
966:Action Directe
921:
920:
904:
903:
902:
901:
894:Sonnie Trotter
883:
882:
836:sport climbing
805:
802:
801:
800:
789:Walter Bonatti
776:
775:
746:
745:
721:
720:
640:
637:
563:climbing route
539:mountaineering
533:
532:
530:
529:
522:
515:
507:
504:
503:
501:
500:
499:
498:
493:
488:
478:
473:
472:
471:
466:
456:
450:
447:
446:
442:
441:
439:
438:
433:
428:
426:Simul climbing
423:
418:
413:
412:
411:
401:
396:
390:
387:
386:
382:
381:
379:
378:
373:
368:
363:
358:
353:
348:
343:
338:
333:
328:
323:
318:
312:
309:
308:
304:
303:
301:
300:
299:
298:
288:
287:
286:
276:
275:
274:
269:
259:
258:
257:
252:
241:
238:
237:
235:mountaineering
230:
229:
227:
226:
221:
220:
219:
214:
209:
199:
198:
197:
192:
182:
181:
180:
170:
169:
168:
158:
157:
156:
146:
140:
137:
136:
129:
128:
126:
125:
120:
119:
118:
113:
103:
102:
101:
91:
90:
89:
87:IFSC victories
84:
73:
70:
69:
65:
64:
43:
35:
34:
28:
27:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4013:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3993:
3991:
3976:
3975:
3966:
3964:
3963:
3954:
3952:
3951:
3942:
3940:
3939:
3934:
3930:
3929:
3926:
3915:
3912:
3909:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3897:
3894:
3893:
3891:
3889:International
3887:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3871:
3868:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3856:
3853:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3802:
3800:
3798:
3794:
3791:
3789:Organizations
3787:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3736:
3733:
3731:
3728:
3726:
3723:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3711:
3708:
3706:
3703:
3701:
3698:
3696:
3693:
3691:
3688:
3686:
3683:
3681:
3678:
3676:
3673:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3660:Early Winters
3658:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3640:Black Diamond
3638:
3637:
3635:
3631:
3621:
3620:
3616:
3614:
3613:
3609:
3607:
3606:
3605:The Dawn Wall
3602:
3600:
3599:
3595:
3593:
3592:
3588:
3587:
3585:
3581:
3575:
3574:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3563:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3554:
3553:
3549:
3547:
3546:
3542:
3540:
3539:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3526:
3525:
3521:
3519:
3518:
3514:
3512:
3511:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3500:
3497:
3493:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3465:Bachar ladder
3463:
3462:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3415:Climbing wall
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3390:Approach shoe
3388:
3386:
3383:
3382:
3380:
3376:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3351:
3348:
3347:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3334:
3331:
3329:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3294:
3292:
3289:
3287:
3284:
3282:
3279:
3275:
3272:
3270:
3267:
3266:
3265:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3245:
3242:
3240:
3237:
3233:
3230:
3228:
3225:
3223:
3220:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3172:
3170:
3166:
3160:
3157:
3155:
3152:
3148:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3131:
3128:
3126:
3123:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3116:
3113:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3099:
3096:
3095:
3094:
3091:
3087:
3084:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3077:
3074:
3072:
3069:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
3056:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3047:
3043:
3040:
3039:
3038:
3035:
3033:
3030:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3016:
3013:
3012:
3011:
3010:Climbing rope
3008:
3004:
3001:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2982:
2979:
2977:
2974:
2972:
2969:
2968:
2967:
2964:
2960:
2957:
2956:
2955:
2952:
2950:
2947:
2943:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2917:
2914:
2910:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2892:
2891:First ascents
2889:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2882:
2879:
2875:
2872:
2870:
2867:
2866:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2855:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2814:
2812:
2808:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2760:
2758:
2755:
2753:
2750:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2740:
2739:
2737:
2733:
2725:
2722:
2721:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2704:
2703:
2700:
2696:
2693:
2691:
2688:
2687:
2686:
2683:
2679:
2676:
2675:
2674:
2671:
2670:
2668:
2666:
2662:
2652:
2649:
2647:
2644:
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2525:Rock climbing
2522:
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1255:
1254:
1249:
1246:
1242:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1228:Fred Rouhling
1225:
1224:
1221:Rock climbing
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1192:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1157:Andrew Irvine
1154:
1150:
1149:
1143:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1102:
1097:
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1080:
1076:
1072:
1068:
1056:
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1023:
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984:
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968:
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946:
945:
940:
934:
929:
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918:
914:
910:
906:
905:
899:
895:
891:
890:greenpointing
887:
886:
885:
884:
880:
876:
872:
868:
864:
860:
856:
855:
854:
851:
849:
845:
841:
837:
833:
824:
820:
819:
814:
810:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:solo climbing
778:
777:
773:
772:Hansjörg Auer
769:
765:
761:
757:
756:Marko Prezelj
753:
748:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
723:
722:
718:
714:
710:
706:
705:Trango Towers
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
677:
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658:
654:
650:
645:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
603:
599:
595:
592:(abbreviated
591:
587:
586:free climbing
582:
580:
576:
572:
568:
564:
560:
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528:
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134:rock climbing
131:
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41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
25:
21:
20:
3972:
3960:
3948:
3936:
3880:USA Climbing
3780:Wild Country
3775:Therm-a-Rest
3617:
3610:
3603:
3596:
3591:The Alpinist
3589:
3571:
3564:
3557:
3550:
3543:
3536:
3529:
3522:
3515:
3508:
3470:Campus board
3425:First ascent
3424:
3169:Ice and snow
2966:Belay device
2817:Alpine clubs
2777:Ropes course
2690:Alpine style
2470:
2458:
2455:First Ascent
2454:
2429:First Ascent
2428:
2427:(May 2014).
2403:. Retrieved
2394:
2385:
2373:. Retrieved
2362:
2353:
2341:. Retrieved
2330:
2305:. Retrieved
2296:
2287:
2275:. Retrieved
2264:
2254:
2242:. Retrieved
2231:
2206:. Retrieved
2202:the original
2195:
2163:. Retrieved
2154:
2129:. Retrieved
2125:the original
2120:
2110:
2098:. Retrieved
2087:
2077:
2069:
2063:. Retrieved
2054:
2048:
2039:
2027:. Retrieved
2016:
1991:. Retrieved
1982:
1972:
1960:. Retrieved
1949:
1939:
1927:. Retrieved
1918:
1909:
1897:. Retrieved
1888:
1879:
1867:. Retrieved
1858:
1849:
1837:. Retrieved
1828:
1797:. Retrieved
1786:
1776:
1764:. Retrieved
1759:
1729:. Retrieved
1720:
1689:. Retrieved
1678:
1653:. Retrieved
1633:
1629:Twight, Mark
1608:. Retrieved
1597:
1576:
1569:. Retrieved
1558:
1548:
1536:. Retrieved
1527:
1521:
1491:. Retrieved
1482:The Guardian
1480:
1470:
1458:. Retrieved
1454:the original
1447:
1423:. Retrieved
1404:
1371:
1366:
1308:
1298:
1280:Chilam Balam
1278:
1265:
1251:
1231:
1201:
1197:Lionel Terry
1140:
1122:Angela Eiter
1099:
1074:
1050:
1047:Alex Honnold
1040:
1033:Free soloing
976:
970:
964:
942:
897:
863:headpointing
852:
828:
816:
752:alpine style
685:aid climbing
674:
670:alpine-style
662:
652:
632:
628:
624:
620:
616:
610:
605:
601:
593:
589:
583:
575:aid climbing
550:
547:first ascent
546:
536:
459:First ascent
458:
361:Roof hacking
351:Rock hopping
267:Alpine style
52:
3974:WikiProject
3810:Alpine Club
3805:Access Fund
3715:Lowe Alpine
3710:La Sportiva
3447:Fall factor
3340:Self-arrest
3316:Redpointing
3239:Snow anchor
2993:Boulder mat
2942:Daisy chain
2912:Terminology
2903:Terminology
2782:Rooftopping
2724:Hillwalking
2712:Dry-tooling
2678:Via ferrata
2591:Traditional
2569:Competition
2550:Multi-pitch
2533:Disciplines
2459:Cobra Crack
2405:10 February
2029:26 November
1899:22 December
1869:22 December
1799:13 February
1731:21 December
1372:lesser form
1300:Realization
1283: [
1236: [
1214:Piolet d'Or
1189: [
1180:: In 1959,
1178:Cerro Torre
1130:Beth Rodden
981: [
931: [
867:redpointing
760:Mick Fowler
666:Piolet d'Or
653:Lost to Ice
608:) a route.
555:guide books
409:Redpointing
385:Key actions
356:Rooftopping
307:Other types
296:Hillwalking
284:Dry-tooling
255:Via ferrata
195:Traditional
173:Competition
154:Multi-pitch
123:Terminology
3990:Categories
3598:El Capitan
3362:Traversing
3311:Onsighting
3291:Glissading
3274:Dülfersitz
3269:Australian
3232:Transeiver
3177:Alpenstock
3110:Portaledge
3098:Copperhead
3037:Descenders
2971:Auto belay
2762:Commercial
2742:Buildering
2719:Scrambling
2629:Rock types
2620:Top roping
2557:Bouldering
2375:8 February
2343:9 February
2208:8 February
2165:29 January
2131:20 January
2100:4 December
2065:2023-02-11
1993:8 February
1962:8 February
1929:8 February
1691:8 February
1655:10 January
1493:9 February
1460:8 February
1425:2021-11-30
1383:References
1313:Adam Ondra
1292:first-ever
1245:first-ever
1210:David Lama
1186:Toni Egger
1167:, and the
1106:El Capitan
972:Jumbo Love
961:chronicled
941:ascent of
909:pre-bolted
861:, called "
813:Adam Ondra
793:Tomo Česen
768:David Lama
764:Ueli Steck
732:, and the
730:Matterhorn
691:, and the
657:TD M4, WI4
598:protection
436:Techniques
431:Traversing
336:Commercial
316:Buildering
291:Scrambling
224:Top roping
161:Bouldering
3750:Patagonia
3633:Companies
3619:Hard Grit
3612:Free Solo
3480:MoonBoard
3475:Hangboard
3461:Training
3410:Guidebook
3385:Ape index
3350:Rope team
3264:Abseiling
3209:Ice screw
3115:Quickdraw
2998:Carabiner
2920:Equipment
2898:Technique
2864:Equipment
2747:Canyoning
2685:Himalayan
2613:Rope solo
2603:Free solo
1839:4 January
1766:1 January
1610:2 January
1571:1 January
1538:2 January
1415:0362-4331
1303:, was at
1084:Lynn Hill
1051:Freerider
1042:Free Solo
1005:climbers.
995:onsighted
939:free solo
928:Heinz Zak
881:climbers.
844:onsighted
717:Patagonia
709:Karakorum
445:Key terms
394:Abseiling
321:Canyoning
262:Himalayan
233:Types of
217:Rope solo
207:Free solo
132:Types of
94:Equipment
51:(FFA) of
3996:Climbing
3950:Category
3797:National
3695:JanSport
3670:Five Ten
3545:Desnivel
3538:Climbing
3517:Alpinist
3442:Exposure
3420:Chipping
3367:Tyrolean
3357:Spotting
3328:Crevasse
3306:Flashing
3296:Jumaring
3281:Belaying
3244:Snowshoe
3202:Ice tool
3192:Crampons
3042:Figure-8
2954:Ascender
2822:Climbers
2562:Highball
2545:Big wall
2510:Climbing
2472:Alpinist
2463:Archived
2399:Archived
2369:Archived
2367:. 2014.
2337:Archived
2332:Climbing
2301:Archived
2271:Archived
2266:Climbing
2238:Archived
2233:Climbing
2159:Archived
2155:Climbing
2094:Archived
2059:Archived
2023:Archived
2018:Climbing
1987:Archived
1956:Archived
1951:Alpinist
1923:Archived
1893:Archived
1863:Archived
1833:Archived
1793:Archived
1788:Climbing
1725:Archived
1685:Archived
1680:Climbing
1649:Archived
1604:Archived
1599:Alpinist
1565:Archived
1560:Alpinist
1532:Archived
1516:(2017).
1487:Archived
1419:Archived
1324:See also
1075:Yeah Man
1055:Yosemite
978:Open Air
949:Yosemite
917:redpoint
898:The Path
859:top rope
659:, 1300m)
559:mountain
543:climbing
416:Jumaring
399:Belaying
166:Highball
149:Big wall
77:Climbers
53:Spectrum
32:Climbing
24:a series
22:Part of
3962:Commons
3916:(UIMLA)
3910:(UIAGM)
3301:Leading
3218:Rescue
3197:Ice axe
3147:Camalot
3081:Lanyard
3064:Skyhook
3049:Harness
3020:Dynamic
3003:Maillon
2976:Glasses
2857:Everest
2848:Deaths
2767:Parkour
2395:Climber
2307:22 June
2277:22 June
2244:22 June
2089:Outside
1760:Climber
1155:and/or
1110:5.14a/b
1014:flashed
818:Silence
707:in the
701:Everest
655:(grade
606:sending
602:freeing
404:Leading
341:Parkour
47:on the
3938:Portal
3904:(UIAA)
3898:(IFSC)
3730:Millet
3720:Mammut
3685:Grivel
3655:Deuter
3573:Summit
3457:Guides
3452:Grades
3323:Rescue
3257:Action
3159:Tricam
3125:Grigri
3071:Hammer
3025:Static
2981:Gloves
2949:Anchor
2869:Brands
2673:Alpine
2435:
1641:
1413:
1124:, and
1062:Gender
1022:female
1003:female
879:female
797:Lhotse
770:, and
762:, and
711:, and
699:, and
454:Anchor
245:Alpine
3755:Petzl
3705:Kelty
3495:Media
3430:Pitch
3395:Clean
3378:Other
3227:RECCO
3154:Shoes
3142:SLCDs
3137:Sling
3105:Piton
3054:Hooks
3032:Chalk
2959:Croll
2937:Aider
2874:Knots
2810:Lists
2792:Slide
2757:Grass
2752:Crane
2735:Other
2707:Mixed
2636:Crack
2586:Sport
2574:Speed
2517:Types
1358:Notes
1309:Akira
1287:]
1266:Akira
1240:]
1233:Akira
1193:]
985:]
935:]
838:, or
693:Eiger
496:Pitch
491:Guide
481:Route
476:Grade
371:Slide
331:Grass
326:Crane
250:Mixed
190:Sport
178:Speed
99:Knots
68:Lists
56:5.14c
3645:CAMP
3435:Topo
3405:Beta
3333:Self
3130:Revo
3120:SLDs
3059:Fifi
3015:Cord
2988:Bolt
2929:Rock
2797:Tree
2772:Pole
2651:Slab
2646:Roof
2641:Face
2598:Solo
2581:Free
2433:ISBN
2407:2023
2377:2023
2345:2023
2309:2022
2279:2022
2246:2022
2210:2023
2167:2022
2133:2022
2102:2022
2031:2022
1995:2023
1964:2023
1931:2023
1901:2022
1871:2022
1841:2022
1801:2023
1768:2022
1733:2022
1693:2023
1657:2023
1639:ISBN
1612:2023
1573:2023
1540:2023
1495:2023
1462:2023
1411:ISSN
1101:Nose
1086:and
1020:and
1018:male
1001:and
999:male
957:beta
877:and
875:male
848:beta
633:FFFA
631:(or
545:, a
541:and
486:Beta
469:FFFA
376:Tree
366:Rope
346:Pole
202:Solo
185:Free
3765:REI
3760:Rab
3093:Nut
3086:PAC
3076:Hex
2702:Ice
2540:Aid
1317:9a+
1305:9a+
1295:9b+
1104:on
1053:in
969:or
947:in
715:in
594:FFA
553:in
537:In
464:FFA
279:Ice
144:Aid
3992::
2469:,
2393:.
2361:.
2335:.
2329:.
2317:^
2295:.
2269:.
2263:.
2236:.
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2175:^
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2141:^
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2047:.
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1954:.
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1758:.
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1575:.
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1520:.
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1485:.
1479:.
1446:.
1434:^
1417:.
1409:.
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1391:^
1285:fr
1270:9a
1258:9a
1248:9b
1238:fr
1191:it
1120:,
988:).
983:de
933:de
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823:9c
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
