55:
150:
62:
447:
39:
330:
A small smelter was constructed at Farina in 1909 or 1910, but it closed after only a few experiments and was demolished in 1938. The mine itself closed again by 1912. All that remains of this settlement are two large boilers, some mine shafts, some dugouts and the cemetery.
307:
in drays by animals along rough tracks – a distance of about 300 kilometres (190 miles). This limiting factor affected the company's profitability. A drought in 1869 forced the closure of the mine because not enough water was available for animals that worked at the mine.
235:
from the south. Ancient mining sites give the opportunity for ecologically responsible bush camping, but no supplies are available. Walks across the crests of the mountains deliver splendid views over the
Flinders Ranges into the plains of the
311:
Another attempt was made at mining the site at the start of the 20th century. Transport was less costly this time – by dray for only 100 kilometres (62 miles) to the
87:
303:
shortly afterwards when a block of ore weighing 4 tonnes (3.9 long tons) was paraded through the streets. Copper concentrates were hauled to
54:
477:
462:
442:
390:
472:
376:
214:
280:
This area was first settled by pastoralists in the 1850s. Prospectors followed shortly after, hoping for another
80:
319:, then by train. The mine's proprietors tried to further reduce the cost of transport by instigating a
292:
A copper deposit was found, in 1859, by A. Frost and H. Gleeson. Yudnamutana was the site of an early
228:
312:
467:
428:. Adelaide: Department of Environment and Natural Resources South Australia. p. 1‑27.
316:
324:
281:
262:
8:
409:
372:
327:
in 1909. However, the rough terrain and mechanical breakdowns soon ended the scheme.
296:
387:
352:
Arkaroola-Mount
Painter in the Northern Flinders Ranges, S.A: The Last Billion Years
269:
232:
167:
394:
293:
224:
29:
456:
258:
102:
89:
423:
304:
347:
320:
38:
266:
241:
133:
300:
139:
149:
237:
154:
231:
on the edge of the wilderness sanctuary. It is accessible by
200:
191:
206:
182:
173:
265:
for millennia before the arrival of
Europeans. They were
170:
398:
424:
215:
203:
185:
179:
197:
176:
194:
188:
454:
223:) is a historic mining valley in the Northern
272:and inhabited much of the area to the south.
157:vegetation on the crests east of Yudnamutana.
227:, located at Mount Freeling, North West of
299:. First mined in 1862, it reached fame in
37:
240:. The northern pass hosts black rocks of
148:
371:, Australian Geographic, 2000, p. 147,
364:
362:
360:
455:
410:Record of the mines of South Australia
275:
132:16 km (10 mi) North West of
43:Copper smelters of Yudnamutana in 1910
354:. Lutheran Publishing House, Adelaide
341:
413:Internet Archive, Canadian Libraries
403:
381:
369:The Flinders Ranges – Glovebox Guide
357:
252:
138:700 km (435 mi) North of
61:
13:
14:
489:
436:
478:1862 establishments in Australia
166:
60:
53:
426:Flinders Ranges Heritage Survey
257:This area was inhabited by the
463:Ghost towns in South Australia
417:
1:
388:Yudnamutana, South Australia
7:
473:Far North (South Australia)
400:, Accessed 16 November 2007
10:
494:
247:
393:30 September 2007 at the
313:Central Australia Railway
287:
126:
118:
79:
48:
36:
23:
334:
18:Place in South Australia
122:1862-1865 and 1903-1912
443:History of Yudnamutana
325:Farina railway station
263:Indigenous Australians
158:
103:30.16667°S 139.28333°E
152:
108:-30.16667; 139.28333
276:European settlement
99: /
159:
448:Picture Australia
253:Indigenous people
147:
146:
485:
430:
429:
421:
415:
407:
401:
385:
379:
366:
355:
345:
284:style deposit.
270:hunter-gatherers
233:four-wheel drive
219:
213:
212:
209:
208:
205:
202:
199:
196:
193:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
172:
114:
113:
111:
110:
109:
104:
100:
97:
96:
95:
92:
64:
63:
57:
41:
32:
26:
21:
20:
493:
492:
488:
487:
486:
484:
483:
482:
468:Flinders Ranges
453:
452:
439:
434:
433:
422:
418:
408:
404:
395:Wayback Machine
386:
382:
367:
358:
346:
342:
337:
294:South Australia
290:
278:
255:
250:
225:Flinders Ranges
217:
169:
165:
107:
105:
101:
98:
93:
90:
88:
86:
85:
75:
74:
73:
72:
71:
70:
69:
65:
44:
30:South Australia
28:
27:
24:
19:
12:
11:
5:
491:
481:
480:
475:
470:
465:
451:
450:
445:
438:
437:External links
435:
432:
431:
416:
402:
380:
356:
339:
338:
336:
333:
289:
286:
277:
274:
254:
251:
249:
246:
145:
144:
143:
142:
136:
128:
124:
123:
120:
116:
115:
83:
77:
76:
67:
66:
59:
58:
52:
51:
50:
49:
46:
45:
42:
34:
33:
17:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
490:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
460:
458:
449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
427:
420:
414:
411:
406:
399:
396:
392:
389:
384:
378:
377:1-86276-044-6
374:
370:
365:
363:
361:
353:
349:
344:
340:
332:
328:
326:
322:
318:
314:
309:
306:
302:
298:
295:
285:
283:
273:
271:
268:
264:
260:
259:Adnyamathanha
245:
243:
239:
234:
230:
226:
222:
221:
211:
163:
156:
151:
141:
137:
135:
131:
130:
129:
125:
121:
117:
112:
84:
82:
78:
56:
47:
40:
35:
31:
22:
16:
425:
419:
412:
405:
397:
383:
368:
351:
348:Sprigg, R.C.
343:
329:
310:
305:Port Augusta
291:
279:
256:
161:
160:
15:
297:copper mine
216:yəd-nə-moo-
162:Yudnamutana
119:Established
106: /
81:Coordinates
68:Yudnamutana
25:Yudnamutana
457:Categories
321:road train
94:139°17′0″E
267:Stone Age
261:tribe of
242:magnetite
229:Arkaroola
134:Arkaroola
91:30°10′0″S
391:Archived
350:, 1984:
301:Adelaide
140:Adelaide
127:Location
248:History
238:outback
155:outback
153:Exotic
375:
317:Farina
288:Mining
335:Notes
282:Burra
373:ISBN
323:to
315:at
220:-nə
218:TAH
459::
359:^
244:.
201:ɑː
192:uː
210:/
207:ə
204:n
198:t
195:ˈ
189:m
186:ˌ
183:ə
180:n
177:d
174:ə
171:j
168:/
164:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.