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public outcry. A poll taken in
February 2011 showed that 72 per cent of South Australians, and 79 per cent of Labor voters, were opposed to mining in Arkaroola. Following unprecedented public pressure, the South Australian government announced on 22 July 2011 that mining would be banned forever in Arkaroola, with the aim of national and
506:. Siller's Lookout is named after Bill Siller MBE, whose uranium exploration companies constructed the Ridge Top Tour track in the late 1960s. Beverley Uranium Mine, also discovered by Bill Siller's companies, is named after his wife, Beverley. The track was put in by Mr Jim Hodgekinson, an expatriate Canadian.
410:
in a variety of locations throughout the
Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary, and were ordered to suspend drilling operations. In late 2010, the government renewed the company's mineral exploration license, allowing it to resume exploratory drilling within the protected area, a decision which resulted in
362:
in 1968 after he purchased the pastoral lease. He had been involved in surveys in the area before that. He purchased the 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) pastoral lease (part of which is now held as freehold) and began the conversion to a wildlife sanctuary. In 1979 he was a trustee of the
632:
Arkaroola's record high minimum temperature is 35.5 °C (95.9 °F), which was the hottest overnight low ever recorded in
Australia (as well as Oceania and the Southern Hemisphere) from when it was recorded on 24 January 1982 until it was beaten by a 35.9 °C (96.6 °F) reading in
374:
In July 2011 South
Australian Premier Mike Rann announced a ban on mining in Arkaroola. This was followed in October 2011 by special purpose legislation prohibiting mining, mining exploration and grazing in the ranges. The South Australian government has moved to nominate the Arkaroola area for
571:, north of Arkaroola. Local granite rocks contain elevated levels of uranium that gives off heat during radioactive decay. Water percolating through fractures in the rock is heated and bubbles out at the surface as a hot spring, with gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen,
490:
The Echo Camp
Backtrack self-drive track leads through some wonderful country and then over the hills (rough) and down onto the plains east of the Flinders Ranges. This joins another track back to Arkaroola via Claude's Pass, Stubb's Waterhole,
347:
persisted sporadically and led to the development of good roads by optimistic companies. The
Arkaroola property was fenced by 1935 and a process of eradication of pests started. The land was covered with donkeys and
1156:
555:
Arkaroola has two 14-inch telescopes. Weather in the area is usually fine providing clear skies. There is little light pollution, due to the remote location and active control of the local lighting.
324:
copper mine, from 1860 to 1863. The drought of 1863 drove the miners away. Settlement didn't occur again until 1903, when rubies and sapphires were discovered. By 1910 a copper smelter was built at
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and helium. Due to the presence of radon gas, which is heavier than air, staying near the springs for a prolonged period may constitute a health hazard. Living on the floor of the springs is an
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dry. He then crawled up into the mountains. When he urinated he created the waterholes that are a feature of the area. His movement over the land created
Arkaroola Creek.
547:
Coloured leaflets about some of these trails at
Arkaroola and throughout the Flinders Ranges are available for download from the Walking Trails Support Group.
629:, and Australian Bureau of Meteorology climate classification systems. Summers are hot with occasional storms, while winters are cold and comparatively dry.
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Organised tours provide trips along the ridge top track with three lookouts that end at Siller's
Lookout, providing a view across the plains towards
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Facilities include a licensed restaurant and bar, swimming pool, small shop, service station (petrol and diesel), and a vehicle workshop.
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There are self-drive and organised tour tracks for 2-wheel drives and 4-wheel drives, ranging from beginner to advanced in difficulty.
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495:(an area where yellow-footed rock wallabies are commonly found), Welcome Pound and back to the main road to the Arkaroola Village.
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This article is about the pastoral lease and wilderness sanctuary in South
Australia. For the associated protected area, see
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There are a number of walking trails available, guided and self-guided, some are marked and described by the
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Protection of Arkaroola from mining, including Mount Gee and the Mount Painter inlier, is provided by the
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The mountain summit in the area under this name is of volcanic origin (basalt) and is popular for
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The land was always marginal for white pastoralism or agriculture and projects failed quickly.
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2014:
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402:; the Adelaide-based mining company Marathon Resources had been prospecting the area around
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Beck, Hylke E.; Zimmermann, Niklaus E.; McVicar, Tim R.; Vergopolan, Noemi; Berg, Alexis;
305:. One of their dreamtime or creation stories says that Arkaroo, a mythical monster, drank
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listing. Mining companies have since threatened legal action against the government.
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1999:
1979:
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Arkaroola-Mount Painter in the Northern Flinders Ranges, S.A.: The last Billion Years
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Noona, New South Wales on 18 January 2019 followed by 36.6 °C (97.9 °F) at
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170:
275:. The most common way to get there is by car, but air travel can be chartered from
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1571:"Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution"
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36:
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Arkaroola's savior Premier Mike Rann to visit area, Sunday Mail, 15 October 2011
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Climate data for Arkaroola (1991–2020 normals, 1977–2021 temperature extremes)
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that survives the warm temperatures of 62 °C and high radioactivity.
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2019:
1994:
1702:"Official records (Highest daily minimum temperatures) for Australia"
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Arkaroola is part of the 1,890 square kilometres (730 square miles)
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Belda, M; Holtanová, E; Halenka, T; Kalvová, J (4 February 2014).
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1964:
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Accommodation ranges from motel rooms to caravan and camp sites.
329:
1326:"Premier Mike Rann announces permanent protection for Arkaroola"
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1357:. Government of South Australia. 26 April 2012. Archived from
1491:. Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary. August 2018. Archived from
572:
349:
1636:"Climate classification revisited: from Köppen to Trewartha"
1633:
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on 26 January 2019, which retains the titles as of present.
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in 1857. There was a small failed settlement nearby, at the
1668:
Stern, Harvey; Hoedt, Graham; Ernst, Jeneanne (June 2000).
406:. In 2008, Marathon was found guilty of illegally dumping
442:
because it supports a population of the restricted-range
312:
The first Anglo-Europeans to visit the area was explorer
1232:. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources
259:. It is located 700 kilometres (430 miles) north of the
247:
situated on 610 square kilometres (240 square miles) of
1157:"Arkaroola Protection Area: Draft Management Plan 2015"
1794:
Rock Star: The story of Reg Sprigg – an outback legend
1518:"Walking Trails Support Group – Flinders Ranges Walks"
355:
The Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary was established by
1151:
1149:
287:. It was used as a location set for the 2002 film
1146:
543:Oppaminda Trail (length depends on starting point)
1670:"Objective classification of Australian climates"
470:4WD Touring on the Echo Camp Backtrack- Arkaroola
2465:
1278:"Green group attacks renewed mining exploration"
398:Until mid-2011, Arkaroola was under threat from
178:
1848:
1667:
1162:. Government of South Australia. Archived from
558:
436:Gammon Ranges and Arkaroola Important Bird Area
1834:
1466:. Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary. August 2018
1441:. Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary. August 2018
1416:. Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary. August 2018
1252:"Arkaroola uranium hunter on bribery charges"
613:The Arkaroola area is classified as having a
525:Bararranna Gorge Walk (6.8 km – 3.5 hrs)
352:. There was a failed health project in 1948.
516:Royal Geographical Society of Australia (SA)
482:
1764:. The Lutheran Publishing House, Adelaide.
1732:Climate statistics for Australian locations
1520:. Walking Trails Support Group. August 2018
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367:due to his work in the protection of the
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269:Vulkathunha-Gammon Ranges National Park
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1814:Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary Website
1796:. East Street Publications, Adelaide.
1822:
1774:Griselda Sprigg; Rod MacLean (2001).
461:
1708:. Bureau of Meteorology. 31 May 2022
1258:from the original on 20 October 2009
379:, and to secure its nomination for
13:
2499:South Australian Heritage Register
2479:Pastoral leases in South Australia
1754:
1675:Australian Meteorological Magazine
1384:"IBA: Gammon Ranges and Arkaroola"
1230:South Australian Heritage Register
537:Mawson Valley Trail (2.5 to 3 hrs)
388:South Australian Heritage Register
14:
2510:
2489:Wildlife sanctuaries of Australia
1807:
1390:. Birds Australia. Archived from
1304:"SA govt to ban Arkaroola mining"
1127:Australian Census 2021 QuickStats
1123:"Arkaroola (suburb and locality)"
56:
301:The area's first people are the
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1510:
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1352:"Arkaroola Protection Act 2012"
1344:
1318:
1282:Australian Broadcasting Company
1119:Australian Bureau of Statistics
585:
137:700 km (435 mi) from
1436:"Mawson – Spriggina Bush Walk"
1296:
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1218:
1209:
1200:
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597:
522:Spriggina Trail (1 to 1.5 hrs)
509:
446:as well as populations of the
332:was also discovered nearby by
241:Arkaroola Wilderness Sanctuary
1:
1206:Daily Telegraph, 22 July 2011
1104:
977:Average rainfall mm (inches)
438:(IBA), identified as such by
420:Arkaroola Protection Act 2012
1306:. Bigpond News. 23 July 2011
1254:. Independentweekly.com.au.
559:Paralana radioactive springs
550:
386:Arkaroola was listed on the
7:
2494:Far North (South Australia)
1792:Kristin Weidenbach (2008).
1197:. Accessed 6 February 2018.
837:Mean daily minimum °C (°F)
767:Mean daily maximum °C (°F)
540:Arkaroola Waterhole (4 hrs)
239:is the common name for the
70:Location in South Australia
10:
2515:
1776:DUNE is a four-letter word
1093:
647:
639:Wanaaring, New South Wales
615:subtropical desert climate
608:
531:Surveyor's Cairn (40 mins)
369:yellow-footed rock-wallaby
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15:
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528:Acacia Ridge (4 to 5 hrs)
483:Road loops and 4WD tracks
424:Arkaroola Protection Area
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316:in 1840 and the surveyor
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79:
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18:Arkaroola Protection Area
2474:Towns in South Australia
1486:"Acacia Ridge Bush Walk"
1414:"Arkaroola – Activities"
1332:. Adelaide. 23 July 2011
429:
534:Griselda Hill (1.5 hrs)
25:Town in South Australia
1760:Reg C. Sprigg (1984).
1595:10.1038/sdata.2018.214
1461:"Bararranna Bush Walk"
479:
471:
444:short-tailed grasswren
440:BirdLife International
381:World Heritage listing
377:National Heritage list
233:
103:30.31167°S 139.33611°E
1736:Bureau of Meteorology
1546:. 3 October 2002. ABC
1096:Bureau of Meteorology
635:Borrona Downs Station
504:Beverley Uranium Mine
477:
469:
456:cinnamon quail-thrush
228:
2255:Tourism/conservation
1169:on 24 September 2015
697:Record high °C (°F)
452:chirruping wedgebill
422:, which created the
261:Adelaide city centre
139:Adelaide city centre
108:-30.31167; 139.33611
1587:2018NatSD...580214B
1569:(30 October 2018).
1498:on 26 February 2019
1047:Average rainy days
907:Record low °C (°F)
621:) according to the
365:World Wildlife Fund
345:Uranium exploration
158:Federal division(s)
146:State electorate(s)
99: /
1284:. 21 December 2010
565:geothermal springs
480:
472:
462:Tourist activities
338:Antarctic explorer
267:, adjacent to the
245:wildlife sanctuary
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2341:
2340:
2106:Commonwealth Hill
1770:978-0-959096-60-6
1101:
1100:
408:radioactive waste
390:on 27 July 2012.
277:Parafield Airport
223:
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2297:Hallelujah Hills
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1643:Climate Research
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1121:(28 June 2022).
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493:Bararranna Gorge
478:Typical lodgings
285:Aldinga Airfield
281:Adelaide Airport
263:in the Northern
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2484:Flinders Ranges
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2250:
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1985:Mount Nor' West
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1854:South Australia
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1780:Wakefield Press
1757:
1755:Further reading
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1655:10.3354/cr01204
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1575:Scientific Data
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1540:"Extreme Slime"
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567:are located on
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448:pied honeyeater
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396:
375:listing on the
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265:Flinders Ranges
257:South Australia
210:
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193:Annual rainfall
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37:South Australia
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2171:Myrtle Springs
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2050:Welbourne Hill
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1997:
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1982:
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1930:Cordillo Downs
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1808:External links
1806:
1805:
1804:
1802:978-1921037290
1790:
1788:978-1459643680
1772:
1756:
1753:
1750:
1749:
1719:
1706:Daily Extremes
1693:
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1626:
1557:
1531:
1509:
1477:
1452:
1427:
1405:
1394:on 6 July 2011
1375:
1343:
1330:The Advertiser
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413:World Heritage
400:uranium mining
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334:Douglas Mawson
298:
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273:Mawson Plateau
253:pastoral lease
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2383:Granite Downs
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2186:Old Koomooloo
2184:
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2018:
2016:
2015:Pandie Pandie
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1925:Clifton Hills
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1364:on 2 May 2012
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592:rock climbing
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188:Mean min temp
186:
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183:Mean max temp
181:
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176:
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132:
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84:
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78:
51:
42:
38:
29:
23:
19:
2403:Lake Torrens
2388:Haddon Downs
2277:Boolcoomatta
2266:
2161:Mount Victor
2101:Collinsville
2096:Carriewerloo
2035:Stuart Creek
1940:De Rose Hill
1915:Blanchewater
1910:Billa Kalina
1793:
1782:, Mile End.
1775:
1761:
1740:. Retrieved
1731:
1722:
1710:. Retrieved
1705:
1696:
1684:. Retrieved
1679:
1673:
1663:
1646:
1642:
1629:
1578:
1574:
1560:
1548:. Retrieved
1543:
1534:
1522:. Retrieved
1512:
1500:. Retrieved
1493:the original
1480:
1468:. Retrieved
1455:
1443:. Retrieved
1430:
1418:. Retrieved
1408:
1396:. Retrieved
1392:the original
1387:
1378:
1366:. Retrieved
1359:the original
1346:
1334:. Retrieved
1329:
1320:
1308:. Retrieved
1298:
1286:. Retrieved
1272:
1260:. Retrieved
1246:
1234:. Retrieved
1229:
1220:
1211:
1202:
1190:
1171:. Retrieved
1164:the original
1130:. Retrieved
1126:
1113:
631:
618:
612:
604:
601:
589:
586:The Pinnacle
577:extremophile
562:
554:
546:
515:
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497:
492:
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486:
433:
419:
417:
397:
385:
373:
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342:
311:
300:
288:
240:
236:
235:
229:
192:
187:
182:
22:
2433:Taylorville
2408:Merty Merty
2326:Viticulture
2307:Taylorville
2241:Woolundunga
2121:Holowiliena
2030:Roxby Downs
1975:Moolawatana
1890:Angorichina
1880:Alton Downs
1728:"Arkaroola"
1649:(1): 1–13.
1524:5 September
1502:5 September
1470:5 September
1445:5 September
1420:5 September
1236:13 February
1226:"Arkaroola"
1173:9 September
598:The Village
510:Bushwalking
326:Yudnamutana
322:Yudnamutana
314:Edward Eyre
290:The Tracker
106: /
94:139°20′10″E
81:Coordinates
2468:Categories
2453:Witchelina
2413:Oraparinna
2368:Boolgunnia
2363:Booborowie
2358:Balcanoona
2312:Witchelina
2302:Kalamurina
2141:Merna Mora
2126:Kappawanta
2025:Quinyambie
2010:Murnpeowie
2005:Mungeranie
1960:Innamincka
1945:Dulkaninna
1905:Arckaringa
1900:Anna Creek
1738:. May 2022
1682:(2): 87–96
1581:: 180214.
1550:8 December
1105:References
500:Lake Frome
360:Reg Sprigg
307:Lake Frome
119:Population
91:30°18′42″S
2443:The Twins
2378:Dalhousie
2267:Arkaroola
2231:Wirrealpa
2221:Wilkatana
2211:Warrioota
2201:Redcliffe
2151:Moolooloo
2131:Ketchowla
2091:Bundaleer
2086:Bulgunnia
2055:Wilkatana
2040:Todmorden
2020:Parakylia
2000:Mundowdna
1995:Muloorina
1980:Mount Eba
1885:Andamooka
1875:Allandale
1603:2052-4463
1368:25 August
1195:Arkaroola
1049:(≥ 0.2mm)
627:Trewartha
580:algal mat
563:Paralana
551:Astronomy
404:Mount Gee
357:geologist
336:, famous
237:Arkaroola
230:Arkaroola
209:254.3 mm
63:Arkaroola
32:Arkaroola
2423:Paralana
2282:Calperum
2236:Wooltana
2226:Winnowie
2166:Munduney
2156:Moonaree
2071:Angepena
1955:Etadunna
1850:Stations
1621:30375988
1544:Catalyst
1256:Archived
1094:Source:
762:(113.9)
757:(113.9)
752:(112.1)
747:(104.2)
717:(100.2)
712:(106.2)
707:(112.1)
702:(113.5)
569:Wooltana
502:and the
271:and the
255:land in
249:freehold
204:11.6 °C
199:25.7 °C
134:Location
2448:Yadnina
2398:Kanyaka
2393:Hiltaba
2373:Canowie
2333:Banrock
2317:Yubalia
2292:Gluepot
2272:Bon Bon
2216:Wilgena
2196:Puttapa
2191:Oulnina
2181:Nonning
2176:Nilpena
2146:Mikkira
2136:Kirkala
2116:Edeowie
2111:Corunna
2081:Beltana
2076:Arcoona
1970:Macumba
1965:Lambina
1935:Cowarie
1920:Clayton
1861:Current
1612:6207062
1583:Bibcode
1398:23 June
1388:Birdata
1336:23 July
1310:23 July
1288:15 July
1132:28 June
1042:(9.33)
1037:(1.11)
1032:(0.83)
1027:(0.85)
1022:(0.57)
1017:(0.46)
1012:(0.57)
1007:(0.62)
1002:(0.55)
997:(0.41)
992:(0.69)
987:(1.51)
982:(1.16)
972:(21.2)
967:(45.1)
962:(40.6)
957:(33.8)
952:(29.1)
947:(24.3)
942:(21.2)
937:(22.3)
932:(28.4)
927:(33.8)
922:(42.3)
917:(48.9)
912:(50.7)
902:(53.1)
897:(64.6)
892:(60.3)
887:(52.9)
882:(46.8)
877:(40.5)
872:(37.8)
867:(40.1)
862:(44.6)
857:(52.3)
852:(60.8)
847:(67.3)
842:(69.3)
832:(78.9)
827:(91.2)
822:(86.9)
817:(81.1)
812:(74.8)
807:(66.7)
802:(62.8)
797:(62.8)
792:(68.9)
787:(78.1)
782:(86.4)
777:(92.1)
772:(95.0)
742:(99.5)
737:(89.2)
732:(80.6)
727:(81.9)
722:(86.0)
609:Climate
330:uranium
297:History
2428:Pekina
2353:Aroona
2346:Former
2262:Arkaba
2246:Yardea
1950:Eringa
1895:Anlaby
1868:Cattle
1800:
1786:
1768:
1742:31 May
1712:31 May
1686:31 May
1619:
1609:
1601:
1138:
653:Month
623:Köppen
394:Mining
350:camels
232:plane.
151:Stuart
2418:Paney
2206:Talia
2064:Sheep
1990:Mulka
1639:(PDF)
1496:(PDF)
1489:(PDF)
1464:(PDF)
1439:(PDF)
1362:(PDF)
1355:(PDF)
1262:1 May
1167:(PDF)
1160:(PDF)
1040:236.9
692:Year
637:near
573:radon
430:Birds
211:10 in
206:53 °F
201:78 °F
1798:ISBN
1784:ISBN
1766:ISBN
1744:2022
1714:2022
1688:2022
1617:PMID
1599:ISSN
1552:2012
1526:2018
1504:2018
1472:2018
1447:2018
1422:2018
1400:2011
1370:2013
1338:2011
1312:2011
1290:2015
1264:2013
1238:2016
1175:2015
1134:2022
1086:3.0
1083:3.0
1080:3.2
1077:2.9
1074:3.3
1071:3.5
1068:3.3
1065:2.9
1062:2.4
1059:2.4
1056:2.9
1053:3.2
1035:28.2
1030:21.2
1025:21.7
1020:14.4
1015:11.6
1010:14.5
1005:15.8
1000:13.9
995:10.4
990:17.4
985:38.4
980:29.4
970:−6.0
950:−1.6
945:−4.3
940:−6.0
935:−5.4
930:−2.0
910:10.4
900:11.7
895:18.1
890:15.7
885:11.6
855:11.3
850:16.0
845:19.6
840:20.7
830:26.1
825:32.9
820:30.5
815:27.3
810:23.8
805:19.3
800:17.1
795:17.1
790:20.5
785:25.6
780:30.2
775:33.4
770:35.0
760:45.5
755:45.5
750:44.5
745:40.1
740:37.5
735:31.8
730:27.0
725:27.7
720:30.0
715:37.9
710:41.2
705:44.5
700:45.3
689:Dec
686:Nov
683:Oct
680:Sep
677:Aug
674:Jul
671:Jun
668:May
665:Apr
662:Mar
659:Feb
656:Jan
454:and
328:and
251:and
243:, a
163:Grey
127:2021
122:32 (
1852:of
1651:doi
1607:PMC
1591:doi
1089:36
965:7.3
960:4.8
955:1.0
925:1.0
920:5.7
915:9.4
880:8.2
875:4.7
870:3.2
865:4.5
860:7.0
619:BWh
283:or
124:SAL
2470::
1778:.
1734:.
1730:.
1704:.
1680:49
1678:.
1672:.
1647:59
1645:.
1641:.
1615:.
1605:.
1597:.
1589:.
1577:.
1573:.
1542:.
1386:.
1328:.
1280:.
1228:.
1193:.
1183:^
1148:^
1125:.
625:,
594:.
518:.
458:.
450:,
426:.
383:.
371:.
340:.
293:.
279:,
1842:e
1835:t
1828:v
1746:.
1716:.
1690:.
1657:.
1653::
1623:.
1593::
1585::
1579:5
1554:.
1528:.
1506:.
1474:.
1449:.
1424:.
1402:.
1372:.
1340:.
1314:.
1292:.
1266:.
1240:.
1177:.
1136:.
617:(
129:)
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
