3415:
3391:
160:
41:
195:
1306:, he has been criticized or marginalized in many later accounts of Zen history. As a result of this, he was largely ignored by Western scholars of Chan in the 20th century, most of whom worked from a Japanese perspective. Nonetheless, recent Western scholarship recognizes his importance, and he has been an enduring influential figure in the eyes of
1297:
in his writings, equating Huayan as when the teachings on the One Mind relies on doctrine (Yi Jiao) and these teachings are in the form of Chan when this Mind is directly revealed. Because he held views that conflicted with the
1250:, where his attainment was confirmed by the teacher Tiantai Dehshao. Around 952 he again moved, this time to Mount Xuědòu (雪窦山), where he served as a teacher and apparently attracted many students. He is said to have practiced
1242:, in the year 904. He would have served as an official before becoming a monk, although the exact nature of the position is disagreed upon in biographical sources. He probably became a monk around 932 under the
1285:
Yongming
Yanshou is best known for attempting to synthesize the diverse and seemingly contradictory teachings of the various schools of Buddhism that existed in China. He is often associated with
3204:
548:
1219:. This age was characterized by nearly continuous warfare and political disorder. The future of Buddhism was especially uncertain during this time due to widespread
3471:
578:
514:
1277:, and in return he ordained 36 Korean monks, who then returned home to teach. In 974 he returned to Mount Tiantai, and the following year he died.
147:
137:
2992:
534:
3476:
3461:
2331:
3486:
3318:
1227:
of the south, which was relatively stable during this time. Furthermore, unlike the trouble
Buddhism faced in the north, the ruling
1273:, from which he would take his name. Here Yanshou is said to have become very prominent. He received gifts from the King of Korea,
1660:
1212:
1167:
1090:
1395:
1362:
1335:
1269:, which the king had recently re-established. Only a year later in 961, the king relocated Yanshou to the newly constructed
3466:
3446:
1220:
1424:
The mind as the essence of words: A linguistic philosophical analysis of the classification teaching of
Yongming Yanshou
558:
2587:
2361:
1009:
573:
2382:
3456:
1417:
1191:
1107:
563:
529:
3481:
2891:
2634:
1457:
1552:
1223:. However, most of this activity took place in the north of China, while Yanshou resided in the independent
509:
3264:
2955:
2366:
2336:
1386:
Welter, Albert (2010), "Yongming
Yanshou: Scholastic as Chan Master", in Steven Heine; Dale Wright (eds.),
474:
2960:
360:
2160:
1577:
553:
3024:
2844:
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1083:
2232:
1328:
Yongming
Yanshou's Conception of Chan in the Zongjing Lu: A Special Transmission Within the Scriptures
924:
2706:
3451:
2629:
1526:
1505:
1037:
686:
283:
246:
1623:
1032:
3103:
2222:
1004:
914:
909:
1628:
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2726:
2619:
2269:
1355:
The
Meaning of Myriad Good Deeds: A Study of Yung-ming Yen-shou and the Wan-shan t'ung-kuei chi
977:
636:
596:
454:
273:
2808:
2798:
2279:
2264:
1186:
Yongming
Yanshou is first mentioned in biographical form by Zanning (贊寧) in a work called the
929:
621:
2976:
2918:
2696:
2511:
2113:
1076:
651:
2237:
1310:, Korean, and Vietnamese branches of Zen, and he is deeply revered in the Pure Land school.
919:
3239:
2767:
2546:
2341:
403:
626:
8:
3441:
3436:
3108:
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2839:
2691:
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2118:
1274:
1155:
994:
641:
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3345:
3113:
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2746:
2351:
1831:
1412:
Benn, James A (2007), Burning for the Buddha, University of Hawaii Press, pp. 104-131.
1286:
1062:
999:
423:
3246:
2665:
3361:
2950:
2711:
1751:
1567:
1450:
1413:
1391:
1358:
1331:
1135:
804:
760:
681:
524:
504:
2614:
2092:
1293:, but Pure Land largely formed after his lifetime, and he is largely concerned with
956:
850:
321:
3376:
2934:
2834:
2721:
2650:
2217:
2087:
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1856:
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1052:
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1711:
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1145:
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616:
398:
159:
73:
1531:
1307:
370:
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2701:
2356:
2315:
2310:
2139:
2123:
2004:
1947:
1876:
1826:
1806:
1547:
1266:
1251:
1228:
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809:
775:
730:
568:
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355:
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2741:
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2346:
2289:
2144:
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1851:
1846:
1816:
1801:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1741:
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278:
214:
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1841:
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1303:
1171:
941:
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676:
222:
170:
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2813:
2772:
2532:
2527:
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1952:
1716:
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1490:
1246:
teacher Ts'ui Yen. At some point he left his initial teacher and went to
720:
656:
646:
611:
519:
449:
338:
230:
40:
2416:
2227:
1423:
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3171:
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1649:
1603:
1598:
1426:. Frontiers of Philosophy in China 2 (3), 336-344 – via
897:
745:
601:
444:
408:
343:
316:
51:
3145:
326:
31:
28:
25:
22:
3366:
3232:
3040:
2736:
2437:
2186:
1999:
1978:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1593:
1500:
1231:
family heavily patronized
Buddhist and other religious institutions.
966:
961:
882:
833:
666:
311:
238:
1613:
469:
288:
3225:
3205:
Long Scroll of the
Treatise on the Two Entrances and Four Practices
3150:
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2056:
2009:
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1608:
1262:
1235:
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971:
365:
298:
102:
91:
69:
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2447:
2411:
2025:
870:
855:
671:
3340:
1973:
1922:
1756:
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1047:
740:
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418:
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268:
3061:
194:
3335:
3077:
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1618:
1299:
1294:
1199:
1115:
1057:
1042:
892:
860:
828:
428:
293:
1208:), which was produced in 988, 12 years after Yanshou's death.
3045:
3019:
2181:
1994:
1968:
1907:
1902:
1644:
1427:
1255:
1224:
1216:
1175:
887:
845:
823:
388:
112:
1234:
He was born in either the capital city of Wuyue, modern-day
1678:
1654:
434:
1480:
1466:
1290:
1243:
209:
184:
122:
1435:
1302:tradition, which came to be the dominant school of
3428:
1221:suppression and sponsored destruction of temples
3472:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Buddhist monks
1139:
1451:
1084:
1149:
1390:, Oxford University Press, pp. 59–89,
1379:
1458:
1444:
1280:
1091:
1077:
39:
3319:Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance
2332:Buddha's Light International Association
1348:
1346:
1130:
3429:
1661:Who is the master that sees and hears?
1385:
1352:
1325:
1265:, assigned Yanshou to be the abbot of
1213:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
1168:Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
1439:
1343:
3477:Later Han (Five Dynasties) Buddhists
3462:Later Jin (Five Dynasties) Buddhists
13:
1406:
1319:
14:
3498:
3487:10th-century Chinese philosophers
2362:Dharma Realm Buddhist Association
1211:Yanshou lived largely during the
1188:Song Biographies of Eminent Monks
1010:Zen organisation and institutions
574:Anthology of the Patriarchal Hall
3414:
3413:
3390:
3389:
2383:Dharma Realm Buddhist University
549:Two Entrances and Four Practices
193:
158:
2986:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
2854:Other Rinzai or Linji lineages
1370:
1204:
1195:
1120:
1111:
564:Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment
1:
2892:Soto Zen Buddhist Association
2635:Tassajara Zen Mountain Center
1313:
322:Hakuin's Four ways of knowing
2956:Throssel Hole Buddhist Abbey
2588:Trúc Lâm Monastery of Da Lat
2367:City of Ten Thousand Buddhas
2337:Four Heavenly Kings (Taiwan)
1181:
1162:) (904–976) was a prominent
781:Yunmen Wenyan (Ummon Bun'en)
7:
3467:Liao dynasty Buddhist monks
3447:Song dynasty Buddhist monks
2961:Norwich Zen Buddhist Priory
1330:, Oxford University Press,
1261:In 960, the King of Wuyue,
361:Doctrinal background of Zen
10:
3503:
3097:Institutional organisation
3025:Buddhist initiation ritual
2845:Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-ji
2325:Contemperory Organizations
3385:
3354:
3328:
3310:
3288:
3265:Zen Mind, Beginner's Mind
3256:
3196:
3189:
3159:
3133:
3126:
3096:
3070:
3054:
3033:
3012:
3005:
2985:
2969:
2943:
2927:
2911:
2904:
2884:
2853:
2822:
2781:
2755:
2707:Zen Center of Los Angeles
2674:
2643:
2607:
2600:
2575:
2554:
2545:
2520:
2504:
2497:
2477:
2456:
2430:
2404:
2395:
2375:
2324:
2298:
2257:
2250:
2205:
2174:
2153:
2132:
2101:
2080:
2039:
2018:
1987:
1961:
1895:
1694:
1687:
1637:
1586:
1540:
1514:
1473:
1140:
761:Dongshan Liangjie (Tozan)
143:
133:
128:
118:
108:
98:
80:
62:
57:
47:
38:
18:
2630:San Francisco Zen Center
2161:Karlfried Graf Dürckheim
1506:Zen in the United States
687:Ordinary Mind Zen School
579:Transmission of the Lamp
284:Turning the light around
247:Zen in the United States
3104:Zen ranks and hierarchy
1465:
1431:(subscription required)
1353:Welter, Albert (1992),
1326:Welter, Albert (2011),
1281:Teachings and influence
1005:Zen ranks and hierarchy
978:Category: Zen Buddhists
312:Ten Ox-Herding Pictures
2756:Philip Kapleau lineage
2727:Geoffrey Shugen Arnold
2620:Zentatsu Richard Baker
2608:Shunryū Suzuki lineage
2478:Academic organizations
2376:Academic organizations
2270:East Mountain Teaching
1624:Three Mysterious Gates
1159:
1150:
637:Plum Village Tradition
597:East Mountain Teaching
559:The Awakening of Faith
455:Prostration (Buddhism)
274:Original enlightenment
3457:Chinese Zen Buddhists
2977:Shinzan Miyamae Roshi
2919:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
2823:Soen Nakagawa lineage
2512:Nine mountain schools
2114:Hugo Enomiya-Lassalle
1422:Wu, Zhongwei (2007),
1238:, or a suburb of it,
1215:, in the independent
791:Dahui Zonggao (Tahui)
771:Linji Yixuan (Rinzai)
766:Xuefeng Yicun (Seppo)
751:Shitou Xiqian (Kisen)
652:Kwan Um School of Zen
535:Mahaparinirvana Sutra
505:Prajñaparamita sutras
499:Indian Mahayana texts
3482:Later Zhou Buddhists
3279:Three Pillars of Zen
3240:The Gateless Barrier
3006:Hierarchy and titles
2768:Rochester Zen Center
2342:Dharma Drum Mountain
1629:Four Ways of Knowing
1609:Sudden Enlightenment
1515:Doctrinal background
404:Bodhisattva Precepts
3160:Main Rinzai Temples
3109:Dharma transmission
2944:Other Sōtō lineages
2928:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
2861:Kyozan Joshu Sasaki
2840:Zen Studies Society
2809:Gudō Wafu Nishijima
2799:Kōbun Chino Otogawa
2782:Other Sōtō lineages
2692:Robert Baker Aitken
2644:Kōdō Sawaki lineage
2280:Five Houses of Chán
2265:Five Houses of Chán
1527:East Asian Yogācāra
1275:Gwangjong of Goryeo
995:Dharma transmission
642:Order of Interbeing
622:Five Houses of Chán
366:Representation-only
317:Five ranks of Tozan
3346:Pure Land Buddhism
3311:Cultural influence
3114:Zen lineage charts
2747:Kanzeon Zen Center
2583:Vạn Hạnh Monastery
2521:Contemporary sects
2352:Tzu Chi Foundation
1832:Liangshan Yuanguan
1541:Influential Sutras
1287:Pure Land Buddhism
1205:song gaoseng zhuan
1160:Vĩnh Minh Diên Thọ
1141:永明延寿 or Yōmyō Enju
1131:Yung-ming Yen-shou
1063:Pure Land Buddhism
1000:Zen lineage charts
424:Walking meditation
3424:
3423:
3362:Heinrich Dumoulin
3355:Academic research
3306:
3305:
3185:
3184:
3134:Main Sōtō Temples
3122:
3121:
3001:
3000:
2951:Houn Jiyu-Kennett
2900:
2899:
2712:White Plum Asanga
2596:
2595:
2541:
2540:
2493:
2492:
2469:Ningen Zen Kyodan
2457:Lay organizations
2391:
2390:
2246:
2245:
2133:White Plum Asanga
1752:Dongshan Liangjie
1568:Vimalakirti Sutra
1553:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
1397:978-0-19-536764-5
1364:978-0-8204-1796-7
1337:978-0-19-976031-2
1256:silent meditation
1101:
1100:
805:Zhongfeng Mingben
746:Mazu Daoyi (Baso)
682:White Plum Asanga
525:Vimalakirti Sutra
515:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
510:Lankavatara Sutra
339:Bodhisattva ideal
153:
152:
88:(aged 71–72)
3494:
3417:
3416:
3393:
3392:
3377:William Bodiford
3194:
3193:
3131:
3130:
3010:
3009:
2935:Taisen Deshimaru
2909:
2908:
2835:Eido Tai Shimano
2722:John Daido Loori
2675:Yasutani lineage
2605:
2604:
2552:
2551:
2547:Vietnamese Thiền
2505:Historical sects
2502:
2501:
2405:Historical sects
2402:
2401:
2258:Historical sects
2255:
2254:
2206:Vietnamese Thiền
1872:Tiantong Zongjue
1867:Zhenxie Qingliao
1857:Hongzhi Zhengjue
1787:Dongshan Shouchu
1767:Nanyang Huizhong
1762:Baizhang Huaihai
1737:Baizhang Huaihai
1692:
1691:
1573:Avatamsaka Sutra
1501:Vietnamese Thiền
1460:
1453:
1446:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1401:
1400:
1383:
1377:
1374:
1368:
1367:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1323:
1206:
1197:
1166:monk during the
1153:
1143:
1142:
1132:
1122:
1121:Yǒngmíng Yánshòu
1113:
1104:Yongming Yanshou
1093:
1086:
1079:
904:Thiền in Vietnam
786:Yongming Yanshou
530:Avatamsaka Sutra
299:Sudden awakening
197:
187:
179:
175:
169:
162:
155:
154:
87:
43:
20:Yongming Yanshou
16:
15:
3502:
3501:
3497:
3496:
3495:
3493:
3492:
3491:
3452:Wuyue Buddhists
3427:
3426:
3425:
3420:
3381:
3350:
3329:Related schools
3324:
3302:
3284:
3252:
3181:
3155:
3118:
3092:
3066:
3050:
3029:
2997:
2981:
2965:
2939:
2923:
2896:
2880:
2876:Keido Fukushima
2849:
2818:
2804:Gyokuko Carlson
2794:Dainin Katagiri
2777:
2751:
2732:Zen Peacemakers
2717:Bernie Glassman
2682:Hakuun Yasutani
2670:
2666:Shōhaku Okumura
2639:
2592:
2571:
2537:
2516:
2489:
2473:
2452:
2426:
2387:
2371:
2320:
2294:
2275:Hongzhou school
2242:
2233:Thích Nhất Hạnh
2201:
2170:
2149:
2128:
2109:Hakuun Yasutani
2097:
2076:
2072:Keido Fukushima
2035:
2019:Traditional Zen
2014:
1983:
1957:
1891:
1882:Tiantong Rujing
1862:Wansong Xingxiu
1837:Dayang Jingxuan
1812:Yunyan Tansheng
1797:Qingyuan Xingsi
1727:Nanyue Huairang
1712:Jianzhi Sengcan
1683:
1633:
1582:
1578:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
1536:
1510:
1469:
1464:
1430:
1409:
1407:Further reading
1404:
1398:
1384:
1380:
1375:
1371:
1365:
1351:
1344:
1338:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1283:
1271:Yongming Temple
1252:seated chanting
1184:
1151:Yǒngmyǒng Yǒnsu
1097:
1068:
1067:
1028:
1027:Related schools
1020:
1019:
990:
982:
981:
947:Hakuun Yasutani
925:Thích Nhất Hạnh
710:
705:
697:
696:
692:Zen Peacemakers
617:Hongzhou school
592:
584:
583:
554:Śūraṅgama Sūtra
495:
485:
484:
480:Zen calligraphy
399:Bodhisattva vow
394:Six Perfections
384:
376:
375:
307:
265:
260:
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205:
185:
177:
171:
167:
94:
89:
85:
84:January 29, 976
76:
67:
34:
21:
12:
11:
5:
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3449:
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3386:
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3325:
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3322:
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3312:
3308:
3307:
3304:
3303:
3301:
3300:
3292:
3290:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3275:
3272:The Way of Zen
3268:
3260:
3258:
3254:
3253:
3251:
3250:
3243:
3236:
3229:
3222:
3215:
3212:Platform Sutra
3208:
3200:
3198:
3191:
3190:Zen literature
3187:
3186:
3183:
3182:
3180:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3163:
3161:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3153:
3148:
3143:
3137:
3135:
3128:
3124:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3094:
3093:
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3090:
3085:
3080:
3074:
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3065:
3064:
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3051:
3049:
3048:
3043:
3037:
3035:
3031:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3022:
3016:
3014:
3007:
3003:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2996:
2995:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2979:
2973:
2971:
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2966:
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2958:
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2931:
2929:
2925:
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2913:
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2901:
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2886:
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2881:
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2878:
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2857:
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2819:
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2811:
2806:
2801:
2796:
2791:
2785:
2783:
2779:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2770:
2765:
2763:Philip Kapleau
2759:
2757:
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2744:
2739:
2734:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2702:Taizan Maezumi
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2672:
2671:
2669:
2668:
2663:
2661:Kōshō Uchiyama
2658:
2653:
2647:
2645:
2641:
2640:
2638:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2615:Shunryū Suzuki
2611:
2609:
2602:
2598:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2585:
2579:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2569:
2564:
2558:
2556:
2549:
2543:
2542:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2522:
2518:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2508:
2506:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2487:
2481:
2479:
2475:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2466:
2460:
2458:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2445:
2440:
2434:
2432:
2428:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2408:
2406:
2399:
2393:
2392:
2389:
2388:
2386:
2385:
2379:
2377:
2373:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2357:Chung Tai Shan
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2328:
2326:
2322:
2321:
2319:
2318:
2316:Guiyang school
2313:
2311:Caodong school
2308:
2302:
2300:
2296:
2295:
2293:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2261:
2259:
2252:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2243:
2241:
2240:
2238:Thích Thanh Từ
2235:
2230:
2225:
2223:Trần Nhân Tông
2220:
2215:
2209:
2207:
2203:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2194:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2176:
2172:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2157:
2155:
2151:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2142:
2140:Taizan Maezumi
2136:
2134:
2130:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2124:Philip Kapleau
2121:
2116:
2111:
2105:
2103:
2099:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2093:Shunryū Suzuki
2090:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2036:
2034:
2033:
2028:
2022:
2020:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1991:
1989:
1988:Modern Guiyang
1985:
1984:
1982:
1981:
1976:
1971:
1965:
1963:
1962:Modern Caodong
1959:
1958:
1956:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1893:
1892:
1890:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:Xuedou Zhijian
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1834:
1829:
1827:Tongan Guanzhi
1824:
1819:
1814:
1809:
1807:Yaoshan Weiyan
1804:
1799:
1794:
1789:
1784:
1779:
1774:
1769:
1764:
1759:
1754:
1749:
1744:
1739:
1734:
1729:
1724:
1719:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1698:
1696:
1695:Classical Chan
1689:
1685:
1684:
1682:
1681:
1676:
1671:
1666:
1665:
1664:
1652:
1647:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1634:
1632:
1631:
1626:
1621:
1616:
1611:
1606:
1601:
1596:
1590:
1588:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1570:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1548:Zen scriptures
1544:
1542:
1538:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1516:
1512:
1511:
1509:
1508:
1503:
1498:
1493:
1488:
1483:
1477:
1475:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1440:
1434:
1433:
1420:
1408:
1405:
1403:
1402:
1396:
1378:
1376:Zongmi on Chan
1369:
1363:
1342:
1336:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1282:
1279:
1267:Lingyin Temple
1183:
1180:
1099:
1098:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1081:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1065:
1060:
1055:
1050:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1021:
1018:
1017:
1015:Zen Narratives
1012:
1007:
1002:
997:
991:
988:
987:
984:
983:
975:
974:
969:
964:
959:
957:Shunryū Suzuki
954:
952:Taizan Maezumi
949:
944:
933:
932:
930:Thích Thiên-Ân
927:
922:
920:Thích Thanh Từ
917:
915:Trần Nhân Tông
912:
910:Trần Thái Tông
901:
900:
895:
890:
885:
874:
873:
868:
863:
858:
853:
848:
837:
836:
831:
826:
813:
812:
810:Hanshan Deqing
807:
798:Post-classical
794:
793:
788:
783:
778:
773:
768:
763:
758:
753:
748:
743:
738:
733:
728:
723:
706:
703:
702:
699:
698:
695:
694:
689:
684:
679:
674:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
634:
629:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
593:
590:
589:
586:
585:
582:
581:
576:
571:
569:Platform Sutra
566:
561:
556:
551:
538:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
496:
491:
490:
487:
486:
483:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
460:Buddhist chant
457:
452:
447:
442:
437:
432:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
385:
382:
381:
378:
377:
374:
373:
368:
363:
358:
356:Zen and Sutras
347:
346:
341:
330:
329:
324:
319:
314:
302:
301:
296:
291:
286:
281:
276:
271:
261:
258:
257:
254:
253:
250:
249:
244:
236:
228:
220:
212:
206:
203:
202:
199:
198:
190:
189:
181:
180:
164:
163:
151:
150:
148:Tiantai Deshao
145:
141:
140:
138:Tiantai Deshao
135:
131:
130:
129:Senior posting
126:
125:
120:
116:
115:
110:
106:
105:
100:
96:
95:
90:
82:
78:
77:
68:
64:
60:
59:
55:
54:
49:
45:
44:
36:
35:
19:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3499:
3488:
3485:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3473:
3470:
3468:
3465:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
3453:
3450:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3438:
3435:
3434:
3432:
3412:
3411:
3407:
3405:
3404:
3403:Zen Buddhists
3400:
3398:
3397:
3388:
3387:
3384:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3357:
3353:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3327:
3321:
3320:
3316:
3315:
3313:
3309:
3299:
3298:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3280:
3276:
3274:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3266:
3262:
3261:
3259:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3244:
3242:
3241:
3237:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3228:
3227:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3216:
3214:
3213:
3209:
3207:
3206:
3202:
3201:
3199:
3195:
3192:
3188:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3164:
3162:
3158:
3152:
3149:
3147:
3144:
3142:
3139:
3138:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3115:
3112:
3110:
3107:
3105:
3102:
3101:
3099:
3095:
3089:
3086:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3075:
3073:
3069:
3063:
3060:
3059:
3057:
3053:
3047:
3044:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3036:
3032:
3026:
3023:
3021:
3018:
3017:
3015:
3011:
3008:
3004:
2994:
2993:Kaishin Inshu
2991:
2990:
2988:
2984:
2978:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2968:
2962:
2959:
2957:
2954:
2952:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2942:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2930:
2926:
2920:
2917:
2916:
2914:
2910:
2907:
2903:
2893:
2890:
2889:
2887:
2883:
2877:
2874:
2872:
2869:
2867:
2864:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2856:
2852:
2846:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2830:Soen Nakagawa
2828:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2815:
2812:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2789:Sōyū Matsuoka
2787:
2786:
2784:
2780:
2774:
2771:
2769:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2745:
2743:
2742:Dennis Merzel
2740:
2738:
2735:
2733:
2730:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2708:
2705:
2703:
2700:
2698:
2695:
2693:
2690:
2688:
2685:
2683:
2680:
2679:
2677:
2673:
2667:
2664:
2662:
2659:
2657:
2654:
2652:
2649:
2648:
2646:
2642:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2606:
2603:
2599:
2589:
2586:
2584:
2581:
2580:
2578:
2574:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2559:
2557:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2544:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2523:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2509:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2480:
2476:
2470:
2467:
2465:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2455:
2449:
2446:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2435:
2433:
2429:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2415:
2413:
2410:
2409:
2407:
2403:
2400:
2398:
2394:
2384:
2381:
2380:
2378:
2374:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2347:Fo Guang Shan
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2323:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2297:
2291:
2290:Yunmen school
2288:
2286:
2283:
2281:
2278:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2253:
2249:
2239:
2236:
2234:
2231:
2229:
2226:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2214:
2211:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2188:
2185:
2183:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2173:
2167:
2164:
2162:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2146:
2145:Dennis Merzel
2143:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2135:
2131:
2125:
2122:
2120:
2119:Robert Aitken
2117:
2115:
2112:
2110:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2100:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2067:Soen Nakagawa
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2047:Imakita Kosen
2045:
2044:
2042:
2040:Modern Rinzai
2038:
2032:
2029:
2027:
2024:
2023:
2021:
2017:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1986:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1966:
1964:
1960:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1913:Nan Huai-Chin
1911:
1909:
1906:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:Modern Lingji
1894:
1888:
1885:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1852:Danxia Zichun
1850:
1848:
1847:Furong Daokai
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1828:
1825:
1823:
1820:
1818:
1817:Yunju Daoying
1815:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1802:Shitou Xiqian
1800:
1798:
1795:
1793:
1790:
1788:
1785:
1783:
1782:Yunmen Wenyan
1780:
1778:
1777:Xuefeng Yicun
1775:
1773:
1772:Dahui Zonggao
1770:
1768:
1765:
1763:
1760:
1758:
1755:
1753:
1750:
1748:
1745:
1743:
1742:Huangbo Xiyun
1740:
1738:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1728:
1725:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1715:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1690:
1686:
1680:
1677:
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1662:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1655:Koan practice
1653:
1651:
1648:
1646:
1643:
1642:
1640:
1636:
1630:
1627:
1625:
1622:
1620:
1617:
1615:
1612:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1602:
1600:
1597:
1595:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1585:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1569:
1566:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1558:Diamond Sutra
1556:
1554:
1551:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1533:
1530:
1528:
1525:
1523:
1522:Buddha-nature
1520:
1519:
1517:
1513:
1507:
1504:
1502:
1499:
1497:
1494:
1492:
1489:
1487:
1486:Chan Buddhism
1484:
1482:
1479:
1478:
1476:
1474:Main articles
1472:
1468:
1461:
1456:
1454:
1449:
1447:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1429:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1411:
1410:
1399:
1393:
1389:
1382:
1373:
1366:
1360:
1356:
1349:
1347:
1339:
1333:
1329:
1322:
1318:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1301:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1278:
1276:
1272:
1268:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1248:Mount Tiantai
1245:
1241:
1237:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:Wuyue kingdom
1222:
1218:
1217:Wuyue kingdom
1214:
1209:
1207:
1201:
1193:
1189:
1179:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1137:
1133:
1127:
1123:
1117:
1109:
1105:
1094:
1089:
1087:
1082:
1080:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1071:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1049:
1046:
1044:
1041:
1039:
1036:
1034:
1031:
1030:
1024:
1023:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1001:
998:
996:
993:
992:
986:
985:
980:
979:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
939:
938:
937:
931:
928:
926:
923:
921:
918:
916:
913:
911:
908:
907:
906:
905:
899:
896:
894:
891:
889:
886:
884:
881:
880:
879:
878:
877:Seon in Korea
872:
869:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
847:
844:
843:
842:
841:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
821:
820:
819:
818:
811:
808:
806:
803:
802:
801:
800:
799:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
777:
774:
772:
769:
767:
764:
762:
759:
757:
754:
752:
749:
747:
744:
742:
739:
737:
736:Huineng (Enō)
734:
732:
729:
727:
724:
722:
719:
718:
717:
716:
715:
709:
708:Chán in China
701:
700:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
678:
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662:Rinzai school
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607:Oxhead school
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542:Chinese texts
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279:Buddha-nature
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263:The "essence"
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204:Main articles
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3408:
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3396:Zen Buddhism
3394:
3372:Steven Heine
3317:
3295:
3277:
3270:
3263:
3245:
3238:
3231:
3224:
3217:
3210:
3203:
2970:Zendo Kyodan
2912:Sanbo Kyodan
2905:European Zen
2871:Shodo Harada
2697:John Tarrant
2687:Sanbo Kyodan
2625:Mel Weitsman
2555:Extant sects
2485:Kyoto School
2464:Sanbo Kyodan
2431:Extant sects
2397:Japanese Zen
2306:Linji school
2299:Extant sects
2285:Fayan school
2251:Chinese Chán
2102:Sanbo Kyodan
2062:D. T. Suzuki
2031:Hakuin Ekaku
1887:Xueting Fuyu
1842:Touzi Yiqing
1822:Tongan Daopi
1792:Yuanwu Keqin
1747:Linji Yixuan
1496:Japanese Zen
1387:
1381:
1372:
1354:
1327:
1321:
1304:Japanese Zen
1284:
1260:
1233:
1210:
1203:
1187:
1185:
1172:Song Dynasty
1154:;
1144:;
1129:
1119:
1103:
1102:
976:
942:D. T. Suzuki
935:
934:
903:
902:
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866:Hakuin Ekaku
840:Zen in Japan
839:
838:
817:Contemporary
816:
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814:
797:
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785:
713:
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711:
707:
677:Sanbo Kyodan
672:Ōbaku school
627:Tibetan Chan
541:
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186:Zen Buddhism
172:
3219:Xinxin Ming
2885:Pan-lineage
2866:Omori Sogen
2814:Brad Warner
2773:Toni Packer
2651:Kōdō Sawaki
2533:Jogye Order
2528:Taego Order
2498:Korean Seon
2175:Korean Seon
2166:Muhō Noelke
2088:Kōdō Sawaki
2081:Modern Sōtō
2052:Soyen Shaku
1953:Shi Yinshun
1717:Dayi Daoxin
1702:Bodhidharma
1563:Heart Sūtra
1491:Korean Seon
1388:Zen Masters
1357:, P. Lang,
989:Institution
936:Western Zen
721:Bodhidharma
667:Sōtō school
657:Taego Order
647:Jogye Order
612:Heze school
520:Lotus Sutra
327:One Vehicle
239:Vietnamese
144:Predecessor
109:Nationality
86:(976-01-29)
52:Chán master
3442:976 deaths
3437:904 births
3431:Categories
3297:Zen at War
3247:Shōbōgenzō
3172:Daitoku-ji
3167:Myōshin-ji
3088:Zen master
3034:Attendants
2567:Wu Yantong
2192:Seongcheol
2154:German Zen
1732:Mazu Daoyi
1707:Dazu Huike
1650:Shikantaza
1604:Five Ranks
1599:Shikantaza
1418:0824823710
1314:References
1170:and early
1156:Vietnamese
1126:Wade–Giles
898:Seongcheol
602:Sanjiejiao
591:Traditions
475:Zen poetry
445:Samu (Zen)
409:Shikantaza
350:Background
344:Buddhahood
333:The "goal"
3410:Zen texts
3367:Masao Abe
3233:Denkoroku
3177:Tōfuku-ji
3041:Jikijitsu
2737:Joko Beck
2213:Pháp Hiền
2187:Seungsahn
2000:Hsuan Hua
1979:Sheng-yen
1943:Wei Chueh
1938:Cheng Yen
1933:Hsing Yun
1928:Sheng-yen
1594:Ten Bulls
1587:Teachings
1182:Biography
967:Seungsahn
962:Hsuan Hua
883:Taego Bou
834:Sheng-yen
714:Classical
383:Practices
371:Emptiness
259:Teachings
223:Japanese
3289:Critical
3226:Sandokai
3151:Antai-ji
3141:Eihei-ji
2656:Antai-ji
2562:Trúc Lâm
2417:Fuke-shū
2228:Pháp Loa
2218:Vạn Hạnh
2057:Sokei-an
2010:Chuanyin
1918:Yuanying
1674:Zazenkai
1638:Practice
1263:Qian Chu
1236:Hangzhou
1164:Buddhist
1136:Japanese
972:Sokei-an
632:Trúc Lâm
215:Chinese
173:a series
103:Buddhism
99:Religion
92:Hangzhou
70:Hangzhou
58:Personal
3341:Tiantai
3197:Classic
3146:Sōji-ji
3127:Temples
3071:Teacher
2601:USA Zen
2422:Niō Zen
2005:Yicheng
1974:Dongchu
1948:Yicheng
1923:Benhuan
1757:Huineng
1722:Hongren
1688:Persons
1669:Sesshin
1532:Śūnyatā
1308:Chinese
1192:Chinese
1108:Chinese
1053:Shingon
1048:Tiantai
756:Huangbo
741:Shenhui
731:Shenxiu
726:Hongren
704:Persons
440:Hua Tou
419:Dhāraṇī
414:Sesshin
305:The way
269:No-mind
231:Korean
168:Part of
134:Teacher
3336:Huayan
3257:Modern
3078:Sensei
3055:Priest
3013:Novice
2576:Temple
2443:Rinzai
2197:Daewon
1619:Satori
1614:Kenshō
1416:
1394:
1361:
1334:
1300:Rinzai
1295:Huayan
1240:Yuhang
1202::
1200:pinyin
1194::
1146:Korean
1128::
1118::
1116:pinyin
1110::
1058:Tendai
1043:Huayan
1038:Wéishí
1033:Sānlùn
893:Daewon
861:Bankei
851:Bassui
829:Xu Yun
776:Zongmi
470:Kyōgai
450:Ōryōki
429:Nianfo
294:Satori
289:Kenshō
119:School
74:Yuhang
3083:Rōshi
3046:Jisha
3020:Unsui
2448:Ōbaku
2412:Nōnin
2182:Jinul
2026:Dōgen
1995:Xuyun
1969:Xuyun
1908:Taixu
1903:Xuyun
1645:Zazen
1428:JSTOR
1176:China
888:Jinul
871:Dōgen
856:Ikkyū
846:Eisai
824:Taixu
389:Zazen
241:Thiền
113:Wuyue
48:Title
3062:Oshō
2438:Sōtō
1679:Ango
1414:ISBN
1392:ISBN
1359:ISBN
1332:ISBN
1289:and
1254:and
1229:Qian
1196:宋高僧傳
1112:永明延壽
435:Koan
431:Chan
233:Seon
217:Chan
123:Chán
81:Died
63:Born
1481:Zen
1467:Zen
1291:Zen
1244:Zen
1174:in
225:Zen
210:Zen
72:or
66:904
3433::
1345:^
1258:.
1198:;
1178:.
1158::
1148::
1138::
1134:;
1124:;
1114:;
178:on
1663:"
1659:"
1459:e
1452:t
1445:v
1190:(
1106:(
1092:e
1085:t
1078:v
32:壽
29:延
26:明
23:永
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