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54:, thus preventing destabilizing accumulations. Participating states seek, through their national policies, to ensure that transfers of these items do not contribute to the development or enhancement of military capabilities which undermine these goals, and are not diverted to support such capabilities".
359:
The purpose of the amendments was to prevent
Western technology companies from selling surveillance technology to governments known to abuse human rights. However, some technology companies have expressed concerns that the scope of the controls may be too broad, limiting security researchers' ability
348:
In
December 2013, the list of export restricted technologies was amended to include Internet-based surveillance systems. New technologies placed under the export control regime include "intrusion software"—software designed to defeat a computer or network's protective measures so as to extract data
403:, along with restrictions for quantum computers with more qubits and higher error rates. The same restrictions quickly popped up in the UK, France, Spain and the Netherlands. They offered few explanations for this action, but all of them are Wassenaar states, and the restrictions seem related to
339:
joined as the 42nd participating state on 7 December 2017. "Wassenaar
Arrangement participating states reviewed the progress of a number of current membership applications and agreed at the plenary meeting to admit India which will become the Arrangement's 42nd participating state as soon as the
65:(CoCom). The Wassenaar Arrangement is considerably less strict than CoCom, focusing primarily on the transparency of national export control regimes and not granting veto power to individual members over organizational decisions. A Secretariat for administering the agreement is located in
50:. According to the Wassenaar Arrangement document, it was "established to contribute to regional and international security and stability by promoting transparency and greater responsibility in transfers of conventional arms and
1729:
220:
The types of item B, C, D and E typically refer to the type A items, but there are many exceptions, e.g. some materials may be controlled, even though there is no specific good referred to.
340:
necessary procedural arrangements for joining the WA are completed", the grouping said in a statement. India's application was supported by Russia, the United States, France and
Germany.
72:
Every six months member countries exchange information on deliveries of conventional arms to non-Wassenaar members that fall under eight broad weapons categories: battle tanks,
234:
1858:
329:
The
Arrangement is open on a global and non-discriminatory basis to prospective adherents that comply with the agreed criteria. Admission of new members requires the
1493:"Statement Issued by the Plenary Chair on 2017 Outcomes of the Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies"
62:
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298:
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1625:
1730:"Mysterious quantum computing restrictions spread across multiple nations — UK cites national security risks and refuses to elaborate"
223:
The
Wassenaar Arrangement List's categories are typically processed, and merged with other sources, e.g. Category 5.A.2 maps on to US
1396:
103:
The outline of the arrangement is set out in a document entitled "Guidelines & Procedures, including the
Initial Elements". The
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1903:
2073:
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1651:
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1988:
185:
Basic List has two nested subsections—Sensitive and Very
Sensitive. Items of the Very Sensitive List include materials for
1853:
1390:
1754:
1838:
251:
111:) and the "Munitions List". The Basic List is composed of ten categories based on increasing levels of sophistication:
39:
1418:"Wassenaar Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies - Basic Documents"
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2018:
2003:
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Within each of the categories, there are 5 types of controlled item. These are approximately as follows:
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1958:
1953:
1943:
73:
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In order for an item to be placed on the lists, member states must take into account the following
36:
Wassenaar
Arrangement on Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies
1602:
1384:
350:
285:
259:
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Maintain non-proliferation policies and appropriate national policies, including adherence to:
47:
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107:
is broken into two parts, the "List of Dual-Use Goods and
Technologies" (also known as the
69:, Austria. Like CoCom, however, it is not a treaty, and therefore is not legally binding.
8:
811:
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51:
20:
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1678:"Canada Gazette, Part 2, Volume 158, Number 13: Order Amending the Export Control List"
389:
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80:, military aircraft, military helicopters, warships, missiles or missile systems, and
404:
400:
380:
of participating nations and do little to curb threats from non-participant nations.
377:
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26:
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Government of Canada, Public Works and Government Services Canada (19 June 2024).
314:
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E – Technology used typically for the development, production or use of the goods
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1319:
582:
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criticised the agreement for the restrictions it will place on activities like
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D – Software used typically for the development, production or use of the goods
179:
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1578:"Google says controversial export proposal would make the world 'less secure'"
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1704:"Multiple nations enact mysterious export controls on quantum computers"
1472:. Vol. 1: Founding Documents. Wassenaar Arrangement. December 2016
1435:"The Wassenaar Arrangement at a Glance | Arms Control Association"
925:
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189:—i.e., equipment that could be used for submarine detection, advanced
898:
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1399: – United States law preventing export of military technologies
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The 42 states that have been participating since December 2017 are:
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Be a producer or exporter of arms or sensitive industrial equipment
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1652:"The international rules that have the security world on alert"
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Ability to make a clear and objective specification of the item
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B – Plant, test equipment etc. for the production of the goods
1463:"Guidelines & Procedures, including the Initial Elements"
1219:
952:
858:
831:
798:
336:
230:
The Munitions List has 22 categories, which are not labeled.
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Non-proliferation policies, such as (where applicable) the
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C – Materials typically from which the goods can be created
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on the sale of quantum computers containing more than 34
1525:"Wassenaar Arrangement decides to make India its member"
1449:"Wassenaar Arrangement | Nuclear Threat Initiative"
87:
There are 42 participating states including many former
63:
Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls
244:
Ability to effectively control the export of the goods
1859:
Treaties establishing intergovernmental organizations
1675:
115:
Category 1 – Special Materials and Related Equipment
1551:"India becomes member of key export control regime"
376:. They argue that the restrictions will weaken the
1423:. Wassenaar Arrangement Secretariat. January 2015.
360:to identify and correct security vulnerabilities.
299:Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
1626:"Cyber industry assails anti-hacking regulations"
241:Foreign availability outside participating states
30:Participating states of the Wassenaar Arrangement
1825:
1603:"Wassenaar rules are not the right direction"
1844:International organisations based in Austria
227:5A002, and EU control classification 5A002.
1557:. Indo-Asian News Service. 8 December 2017
1397:International Traffic in Arms Regulations
372:, sharing information about threats, and
269:
25:
1757:. Wassenaar Arrangement. Archived from
1701:
1649:
1623:
1605:. Facebook Public Affairs. 28 July 2015
1575:
1531:. Press Trust of India. 8 December 2017
1491:Falconi, Jean-Louis (7 December 2017).
1490:
383:
16:1996 multilateral export control regime
1826:
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1864:Treaties entered into force in 1996
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1391:Defense Security Cooperation Agency
13:
343:
40:multilateral export control regime
14:
2090:
1777:
1576:Brandom, Russell (20 July 2015).
1505:from the original on 6 March 2019
388:In May, 2024, Canada implemented
290:Missile Technology Control Regime
264:Missile Technology Control Regime
204:A – Physical goods and components
1702:Sparkes, Matthew (3 July 2024).
1650:Brandom, Russell (22 May 2015).
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105:list of restricted technologies
95:) countries, including Russia.
52:dual-use goods and technologies
2069:Treaties of the United Kingdom
1904:Treaties of the Czech Republic
1624:Bennett, Cory (21 July 2015).
1595:
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274:Admission requires states to:
1:
2074:Treaties of the United States
1849:Organisations based in Vienna
1728:Grimm, Dallin (6 July 2024).
1403:
418:
303:Biological Weapons Convention
1803:Resources in other libraries
7:
1989:Treaties of the Netherlands
1378:
413:protection from competition
307:Chemical Weapons Convention
57:It is the successor to the
10:
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1854:Treaties concluded in 1995
1393: – US military agency
349:or information—as well as
74:armoured fighting vehicles
18:
1839:Export and import control
1798:Resources in your library
1498:. Wassenaar Arrangement.
1387: – United States law
322:Maintain fully effective
2034:Treaties of South Africa
331:consensus of all members
19:Not to be confused with
2054:Treaties of Switzerland
2039:Treaties of South Korea
1994:Treaties of New Zealand
1385:Arms Export Control Act
309:and, where applicable,
286:Nuclear Suppliers Group
260:Nuclear Suppliers Group
78:large-calibre artillery
1974:Treaties of Luxembourg
1755:"Participating States"
270:Admission requirements
250:Controlled by another
142:Category 5 – Part 2 –
136:Category 5 – Part 1 –
48:The Hague, Netherlands
31:
1969:Treaties of Lithuania
1874:Treaties of Australia
1869:Treaties of Argentina
1834:Arms control treaties
1789:Wassenaar Arrangement
1613:– via Facebook.
29:
2029:Treaties of Slovenia
2024:Treaties of Slovakia
2009:Treaties of Portugal
1889:Treaties of Bulgaria
409:quantum cryptography
384:Quantum Technologies
354:network surveillance
144:Information Security
120:Materials Processing
2064:Treaties of Ukraine
2014:Treaties of Romania
1949:Treaties of Ireland
1939:Treaties of Hungary
1929:Treaties of Germany
1919:Treaties of Finland
1914:Treaties of Estonia
1909:Treaties of Denmark
1899:Treaties of Croatia
1884:Treaties of Belgium
1879:Treaties of Austria
398:controlled NOT gate
390:export restrictions
374:bug bounty programs
370:penetration testing
84:and light weapons.
21:Wassenaar Agreement
2059:Treaties of Turkey
2049:Treaties of Sweden
2019:Treaties of Russia
2004:Treaties of Poland
1999:Treaties of Norway
1984:Treaties of Mexico
1964:Treaties of Latvia
1934:Treaties of Greece
1924:Treaties of France
1894:Treaties of Canada
187:stealth technology
138:Telecommunications
32:
2044:Treaties of Spain
1979:Treaties of Malta
1959:Treaties of Japan
1954:Treaties of Italy
1944:Treaties of India
1784:Library resources
1555:Business Standard
405:national security
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1815:Official website
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1778:External links
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1761:on 27 May 2012
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419:Membership
292:, and the
195:jet engine
180:Propulsion
160:Navigation
109:Basic List
82:small arms
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1582:The Verge
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356:systems.
262:, or the
176:Aerospace
132:Computers
44:Wassenaar
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1500:Archived
1379:See also
1375:member.
1167:Slovenia
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378:security
366:Facebook
235:criteria
164:Avionics
59:Cold War
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