2484:"'Jesus Was Turkish': The Bizarre Resurgence of Pseudo-Turkology". 22 July 2021. "Anatoly Fomenko, a renowned mathematician and member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, alleges in a series of conspiratorial books that Russian historiography is a falsification; the result of a Western conspiracy to conceal the existence of a great Turko-Slavic empire, Great Tartary. In this alternate world, Christopher Columbus, Jesus Christ, Moses and many more were all Russian, and millennia of history were faked by the Normans and Polish Jesuit priests... In the words of historians Stephen Brown and Konstantin Sheiko, far from simply occupying space on the “lunatic fringe of pseudo-academia,” Fomenko’s works have moved to a “central position in Russia’s mainstream political debates.” For example, Sergey Glazyev, a former top adviser to President Vladimir Putin and commissioner of the Eurasian Economic Union, endorsed Fomenko’s theories in 2020. Unlike Western historical myths that “belittle the role of the Russian people in the history of mankind,” Fomenko “puts the Russian world at its proper place at the center of world civilization,” Glazyev said."
1278:"Turkic countries have suffered greatly over the last century and a half. After the brutality of World War I, Turkey was set to be wiped off the map by the diktat of Western powers, a fate already shared by every other Turkic people. During Soviet rule, the traditional nomadic lifestyle of Turkic Steppe peoples was derided by official Soviet historiography as backward, uncivilized and feudal — something to be ashamed of, not proud of. On the margins of the development of global capitalism, or in the furnace of communist social and economic engineering, Turkic peoples have borne the brunt of modernity’s failures and experienced few of its successes. Ancient history, invented or otherwise, offers a refuge. Pseudo-Turkology, which places Turks at the very heart of the history of all human civilization, provides a source of unlimited pride."
3465:
3149:
318:
the publications exploded. Another was a flight of scientists from
European Russia into remote areas, which brought first class scientists to many intellectually starved outlying areas of Middle Asia. Another one was connected with the statewide efforts to re-invent the history, when a wealth of Turkological facts were found in the process of search for "correct" history. And another one was a built-up of the public interest for the forbidden subjects, that resulted that no print size could satisfy the demand.
33:
221:(1921–1926). Scientific developments allowed calibrated dating, dendrochronology, metallurgy, chemistry, textile, and other specialized disciplines which contributed to the development of the Turkological studies. Deeper study of the ancient sources allowed better understanding of economical, social, mythological and cultural forces of the sedentary and nomadic societies. Linguistic studies uncovered pre-literate symbioses and mutual influences between different peoples.
344:
235:
209:(1895). By the end of the 19th century, Turkology developed into a complex discipline that included linguistics, history, ethnology, archeology, arts and literature. In the 20th century the Turkology complex included physical anthropology, numismatics, genetics, ancient Turkic alphabetic scripts, typology, genesis, and etymology, onomastics and toponymy. The appearance of
330:
publications were culled, published photographs were retouched, private photographs were destroyed, published scientific references were erased, or publications with undesired references were destroyed. Very few of the early 20th century expedition diaries, ethnographical notes, reports and drafts for publications were ever recovered.
1227:Я. В. Васильков, М. Ю. Сорокина (eds.), Люди и судьбы. Биобиблиографический словарь востоковедов – жертв политического террора в советский период (1917–1991) ("People and Destiny. Bio-Bibliographic Dictionary of Orientalists – Victims of the political terror during the Soviet period (1917–1991)"), Петербургское Востоковедение (2003).
306:, occurring during the 1930s–1940s, on the basis of disputed Islamic writings and publications. Other cultural Scholars, such as Egyptologists and Japanologists were also subject to the political repression, in Stalin's movement to cleanse Communist Russia of ethnic minorities that posed opposition to Communism.
1073:
Historian of
Central Asia, Turkologist. Secretary of Leningrad Oriental Institute, Oriental Institute in 1931–1933, from 1935 director of Ethnography Museum. Arrested in 1937, Article 58–10, 2nd field session of the USSR Supreme Court sentenced him in 1938 to the highest measure of punishment, on the
527:
Scientist, public figure, member of
Russian parliament (1905–06), Kazakh free thinker, first researcher of Kazakh epos and folklore, author of alphabet textbook, phonetics and syntax rules, etymology of Kazakh language, was sentenced to death in 1931, spent years in concentration camps, freed in 1935
774:
Caucasologist, ethnographer, archeologist, linguist, expert on prehistoric art, professor of archeology, professor of
Georgian language, head of ethnographical department in Russian museum. Arrested in 1933, exiled to Tashkent, arrested again in 1937 and believed to have died in the Tashkent prison
1215:
encyclopedias and wrote many other works on Arabic, Turkish, Turkic, Crimean Tatar, and
Iranian history and literature, some of which were pioneering textbooks in Russian Oriental studies. Among others, he wrote histories of Turkey and their literature; monographs on Hafiz and his songs and on the
317:
by a wealth of euphemisms: "nomads, Siberians, Paleosiberians, Middle Asians, Scythians, Altaians, Tuvians", etc. that filled scientific publications. The other was "writing into a drawer", when results of the years of fruitful work were written down for future publication. When the bonds relaxed,
949:
Turkologist, Iranist. From 1934 in
Historical-Archeological Institute (History Institute), Oriental Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences. Arrested in 1936, in 1936 "Special Commission" of Leningrad Provincial Court sentenced him to 5 years of hard labor in a Far Eastern concentration camp by
918:
University, head of ethnographical department in
Russian museum, scientific secretary of state "Commission for Study of Tribal Composition of Russia's Population and neighboring Countries". Arrested in 1931 and sentenced to 10 years in BelBaltlLag concentration camp. Transferred in 1934 to forced
2472:
The influence of
Eurasianism and the Turkic rejection of Russian imperialism need to be considered if we are to make sense of Russia's post- Communist imperial imagination. Eurasianism has attracted notoriety in the West...In the 1990s, each Turkic nationality has produced its own 'pen and ink'
1266:
were of Turkic origin. Ethnic
Russian scholars have put forth similar theories with an added Turco-Slavic synthesis, in an attempt to put "the Russian world at its proper place at the center of world civilization". Many conflicting theories among Turkic peoples of Central and North Asia seek to
1257:
The linguistic field of
Turkology has been noted as particularly influenced by 'pseudo-turkologists', whose theories do not follow due diligence to properly prove Turkish origins in non-related languages. Some extreme pseudo-turkologists contend that Turkic history stretches back hundreds of
852:
and other languages), theorist in linguistics. In 1915–1921 professor in Petrograd University, in 1917–1918 E.Polivanov headed Foreign Ministry Oriental Relations department, in 1921–1926 he worked for state apparatus and taught in Tashkent University, in 1926–1929 in Moscow, in 1929–1934 in
985:
Archeologist (Volga region, Kama, Ural) and Africanist ethnographer. USSR Academy State Institute of History of Material Culture, head of Africa department of USSR Academy of Sciences Anthropology and Ethnography Institute. Arrested in 1933 ("Russian Museum Case"), died in 1935 during NKVD
329:
With the physical culling of the scholars from the society, an organized a total extermination of all their published and unpublished works took place concurrently. Their books were removed from the libraries and destroyed from private collections by an intimidated population, articles and
1123:
Turkologist and historian. Docent of Leningrad Oriental Institute, researcher in Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1938, incarcerated in local jail of the Leningrad People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs until his release in August 1939. Died during WWII blockade of Leningrad
571:, 1951), staff member of Asian Museum, Art History Institute, Leningrad State University, and Leningrad Institute of Eastern Languages. He was arrested three times, in 1922, then in 1925 as a "French spy", and again in 1941 as a "German spy", but survived to tell his story.
725:
Archeologist, researcher of history and culture of Volga region peoples. Institute for Study of USSR Peoples (Leningrad), docent in Leningrad State Historico-Linguistical Institute, USSR Academy State Institute of History of Material Culture. Arrested and executed in 1936
1242:А.А.Формозов, Русские археологи и политические репрессии 1920-1940-х гг. Институт археологии РАН, Москва, 1998 (Formozov A.A., "Russian archeologists and political repressions of the 1920-1940's", Russian Academy of Sciences Archeology Institute, Moscow, 1998)
1132:
Chairman of Eastern-Russian cultural educational society, bishop of Ufa and Menzelinsky from 1913, founder of magazine "Beyond-Volga chronist", member of the Most Holy Synod (1917), was arrested numerous times, shot to death under decision of NKVD "troyka" of
290:
On 9 August 1944 the Central Committee VKP(b), the ruling party of the USSR, published an edict prohibiting "ancientization" of Turkic history. The edict was followed by a consecutive wave of mass arrests, imprisoning and killing of the Turkology
1916:
3038:; Москва, Наука, 1974 (In Russian). Brief biographical and bibliographical compendium of more than 300 Turkologists in Russia, who contributed to the development of Turkology and education in Türkic languages from the 18th century to 1917.
682:
Historian of the literature. Director of Azarbaijan SSR Language, Literature and Arts Institute, head of the Sektor of arts in Azerbaijan branch of USSR Academy of Sciences (1934–1937). Arrested in 1937 and perished without a trace
1033:
Ethnographer, expert on peoples of Siberia and North. Worked in USSR Academy of Sciences Anthropology and Ethnography Institute, corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences. Arrested in 1921, freed after petition of M.Gorky
750:
Historian, lecturer, in 1920es worked for state government in Kazan, then scientific work in Moscow, author of two monographs on problems of Tatar revolutionary movement. Was persecuted (details unknown), after release lived in
99:(Dictionary of Turkic language). Multi-lingual dictionaries were compiled from the late 13th century for the practical application of participants in international trade and political life. One notable such dictionary is the
649:
Turkologist – ethnographer. Ethnographic department of Russian Museum, employee in "Commission for Study of Tribal Composition of Russia's Population and neighboring Countries". Arrested ca. 1933, died during interrogations
424:, scientist, journalist, translator, teacher, editor of Tatar newspapers, member of "Kurultai". Served as an envoy of Regional Government to Turkey. Persecuted by Crimean ASSR People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (
2473:
warriors. Nationalistic historians emerging from among the Chuvash, Tatars and Bashkirs have tried to connect the history of their peoples to ancient ancestors such as the Sumerians, Scythians, Egyptians, and Etruscans.
1094:
Archeologist, ethnographer of Siberia. Worked in USSR State Institute of History of Material Culture, Russian Museum, as a senior lecturer in Leningrad State University. Arrested in 1934, in prison committed suicide
312:
On the other hand, this edict brought unintended benefits to Turkology. One was the nearly immediate linguistic development of an alternate lexicon which replaced the nouns and adjectives containing the word
409:. Was arrested and incarcerated (dates unknown). After serving the term of the sentence A.Abdrahimov returned to Kazan, and was arrested again and sentenced to 10 years of hard labor in concentration camp
1145:
Historian, archeologist, scholar on W. W. Bartold's works. Arrested at the end of 1920es or early 1930es. Is known to spend the first half of 1930es in Arkhangelsk exile. Survived persecutions of the
309:
Most Oriental and other cultural scholars that had been repressed in the 1930s and 1940s (as well as their respective scientific works) were, however, officially rehabilitated in or after 1956.
1111:
Expert on Tungus-Manchurian languages, worked in Northern Peoples Institute. Arrested in 1936, was imprisoned from 1937 to 1940. After the WWII she worked in Linguistic Institute in Leningrad
1176:
Orientalist in Arabic, Persian, and Turkic, Semitic, Hebrew, and Syriac. Headed Hermitage department of Eastern Coins. Arrested in 1936, died in exile (after concentration camp) in Tashkent
734:
Archeologist, ethnographer, scholar on cultures of Central Asia and Volga region peoples. Arrested in 1935, lost leg in incarceration, released in 40es, subsequently worked in Hermitage
1188:
scientist, Turkologist, post-graduate student of Oriental Studies Institute of USSR Academy of Sciences, a lecturer in Leningrad Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1936, shot to death in
1267:
connect their peoples to a larger legacy and place in history. According to historians Konstantin Sheiko and Stephen Brown, these theories are influenced by "the Turkic rejection of
2701:
189:(1787) which included lexical materials from Tatar, Mishar, Nogai, Bashkir, and other Turkic languages. In the 19th century, Turkology was further developed by M. A. Kazembek's
512:, journalist, delegate of regional "Kurultai" (1917), persecuted by NKVD of Crimean ASSR for participation in "nationalist counterrevolutionary organization", shot to death in
536:
Historian, literary critic, publicist, editor of newspaper "Altai" (1918). Arrested, incarcerated, in 1921 escaped from a Soviet concentration camp and fled abroad. Buried in
813:
2496:
2773:"GABAIN, ANNEMARIE VON (1901–1993), German scholar who worked in the field of Central Asian (primarily Turkic) studies, first as a linguist but later as an art historian."
4471:
These are traditional areas of settlement; the Turkic group has been living in the listed country/region for centuries and should not be confused with modern diasporas.
2593:(known as Willy), German orientalist (1869–1934). From 1893 onward Bang Kaup also devoted time to research in the promising area of the Old Turkish stone inscriptions."
1236:
2189:
1233:Д.Д.Тумаркин (ed.), Репрессированные Этнографы, Вып. 1, М., Вост. лит., 2002 (Tumarkin D.D., "Prosecuted Ethnographers", Issue 1, Moscow, Oriental Literature, 2002)
1971:
1487:
1042:
Student of Oriental department in Leningrad State University, major Turkologist – linguist. Arrested in 1949, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
2375:
1868:
1021:
as "nationalist" (stood up for preservation of his national culture and language). Arrested again in 1951, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
824:
Lecturer in the Crimean Pedagogical Institute, delegate of "Kurultai", editor of "Eshil ada" and "Bilgi" magazines. Odabash was arrested in 1928 and vanished
816:, scientific secretary of Turkologists' Association. Arrested in 1937, exiled until 1940. Subsequently, worked in Oriental Institute and Leningrad University
1168:
Historian, Turkologist, academician, political figure, head of the first government of Bashkiria (1918). To avoid capture and persecution fled to Turkey.
1065:
lingo, for targeted destruction of the national educated layer in the Turkic republics of the former USSR. M.Sultan-Galiev was arrested and shot to death
4505:
2653:
1057:
One of outstanding organizers of Tatarstan state, member of Narkomnats (People's Commissariate for Nationalities) Board. The largest case fabricated by
1724:
688:
2588:
919:
labor in Belomor-Baltic Canal Combine as a hydrologist. Returned to archeology in 1945, in 1947–1954 headed excavations of famous Scythian time
1999:
969:
Turkologist, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences, in 1934–1937 director of Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1937, shot to death in 1938
3081:
2313:
4055:
4440:
911:
1208:
3422:
2698:
711:
638:
153:
historians, ambassadors and travelers, and geographers. In the 15th–17th centuries the main subject of Turkology was the study of the
2731:
1763:
2680:
4498:
4473:
3137:
2830:
2529:
2493:
937:
Archeologist, worked in Volga and Kazakhstan regions for USSR State Academy Institute of History of Material Culture. Fell under
1207:, linguist and polyglot, literary scholar, folklorist, writer, and translator. Krymsky contributed about hundred entries to the
2437:
2654:"Prof. Dr. Saadet Çağatay Hayatı ve Eserleri - EDEBİYAT / Öykü Tiyatro Deneme Yazarlarımız | Edebiyat ve Sanat Akademisi"
1216:
Turkic peoples, their languages, and literatures; and edited a collection of articles on the Crimean Tatars. In July 1941 the
958:
Turkologist-historian, a senior lecturer of Kazan (East) Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
442:
Historian, writer, teacher, journalist, archaeologist, in 1917 elected a "Kurultai" delegate, was shot to death in Simferopol
2964:
2272:
2834:
2627:
1258:
thousands of years, that every major civilization in history is of Turkic origin, and that major historical figures such as
2364:
169:. In 1533 a first hand-written primer appeared, and by 1612 a printed grammar by Jerome Megizer was published, followed by
2818:
786:
Azerbaijan writer, historian of the literature and specialist in folklore. Arrested in 1937 and perished without a trace
2262:
4491:
4163:
2465:
3115:
3054:
2796:
386:
277:
702:. The founder of the modern school of Bashkir linguistics. He proved the kinship of Turkic and Ural-Altai languages
3090:
2922:
91:
Ethnological information on Turkic tribes for the first time was systemized by the 11th-century Turkic philologist
3764:
1359:
353:
244:
3069:
2880:
4216:
2004:
1212:
1103:
Mongoloigist. Lecturer in Leningrad Oriental Institute. Arrested in 1936 or 1937 and perished without a trace
865:) and Frunze Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1937, declared to be a Japanese spy, shot to death in 1938 in
4435:
4050:
3464:
2061:
170:
1051:
4937:
4098:
2898:(1877–1966), outstanding Russian scholar of Persian history, historical geography, literature and culture."
2237:
2124:
1930:
1850:
2398:
1862:
547:
Iranist and Turkologist, corresponding member of USSR Academy of Sciences (1939), a member academician of
3130:
2046:
1578:
583:
museum, he was an organizer of ethnographical and archeological expeditions. Shot to death in Simferopol
17:
2194:
1748:
3984:
2807:
2376:
Ahatanhel Krymsky: 10 interesting facts of his life (Агатангел Крымский: 10 интересных фактов из жизни)
1679:(Siegmund, Sigismund, Freiherr von Herberstein, Gerbershtein) (1486–1566) (historian, writer, diplomat)
197:(1851). A major achievement was the deciphering at the end of the 19th century of the Early Middle Age
1880:
295:, massive creation of replacement scientists, and re-writing of history pages on an industrial scale.
51:) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and
5003:
3100:
3007:
2420:
1676:
780:
603:, a son of a peasant, a graduate of Budapest University, a Dean in University. Active participant in
1976:
1492:
4621:
3812:
3078:
2317:
2012:
1611:
1440:
963:
883:
University, from 1858 worked in Russia, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, teacher of
699:
2100:
861:(1931–1934), in 1934–1937 in Kirgiz Scientific Research Institute of Kirgiz Language and Writing (
611:, arrested in Kislovodsk, but several months earlier) and shot to death. Biography see F.D.Ashnin
4871:
4796:
3840:
3784:
3531:
3527:
3367:
3185:
3180:
1811:
791:
766:
University, associate in Russian museum, was arrested in 1920 and in 1921, in 1922 fled to exile
742:
Archeologist and ethnographer (peoples of Volga region and Urals). Arrested in 1936 and vanished
4786:
4771:
4544:
4077:
3435:
3412:
3227:
3123:
1560:
887:. Stalinists' proclaiming an ethnically German Radlov a "Pantürkist" was especially ridiculous
357:
248:
1584:
Geng Shimin 耿世民 (Turkologist, Uighurologist, Manichaeanism, linguist, archeologist, historian)
950:
infamous Article 58, in 1939 he was released because of poor health, and died on the way home
5008:
4998:
4307:
4261:
3869:
2772:
2719:
2177:
1602:
1288:
884:
608:
436:
2387:
2136:
1996:
Rochrig, F. L. O. (Roehrig) (1819–1908) (Orientalist, Turkologist, Native American linguist)
812:
Turkologist, PhD in history, professor of Leningrad University. From 1932 to 1937 worked in
405:
Turkologist, scientist, literary critic, writer, docent of Eastern Pedagogical Institute in
4836:
4460:
3523:
3242:
3197:
2677:
2666:
2544:
2214:
1960:
1670:
1572:
1422:
1386:
1301:
122:
72:
2996:
2893:
2735:
1469:
994:
Turkologist student. Arrested in 1949, imprisoned until general amnesty to the victims of
368:
259:
8:
4801:
4641:
4201:
3820:
3445:
3267:
1966:
1840:
1832:
1566:
1458:
1407:
1268:
1189:
591:
Economist, historian, bibliographer, expert on Turkey. Was incarcerated, details unknown
521:
428:) for participation in "nationalist counterrevolutionary organization", shot to death in
3021:
2869:
2638:
1463:
1274:
As journalist Luka Ivan Jukić concludes in his examination of extreme pseudo-turkology:
714:
Narkom (People's Commissar) of Education (1931). Was persecuted twice (details unknown)
4993:
4972:
4776:
4756:
4696:
4656:
4601:
4591:
4196:
4045:
4018:
3252:
3145:
2855:
1990:
1889:
1446:
1365:
1310:
1086:. Docent of Kazan Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
977:
Scientist-linguist, political figure of national movement. Was arrested and persecuted
447:
414:
182:
92:
2949:"Russia's Altai should be marked as center of Turkic world on Erdogan's map — Kremlin"
2572:
1993:(Dutch: Willem van Rubroeck, Latin: Gulielmus de Rubruquis) (traveller, ca. 1248–1252)
1239:, 1936. Archaeological studies in Soviet Russia // Eurasia septentrionalis antiqua. X.
4962:
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4791:
4716:
4676:
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4337:
4256:
4009:
3756:
3430:
3342:
3317:
3307:
3302:
3272:
3212:
3050:
2461:
2268:
2130:
2106:
1936:
1912:
1799:
1718:
1647:
1500:
1452:
1347:
1316:
1162:
1129:
Ukhtomsky Alexander Alekseevich, prince, bishop with chosen name Andrey, (1872–1937)
833:
719:
323:
198:
130:
2288:
1915:(1891–1938) (Founder of Altaistics, theorist in linguistics, Orientalist, polyglot)
1641:
32:
4952:
4932:
4901:
4841:
4806:
4781:
4746:
4711:
4701:
4681:
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4611:
4571:
4539:
4515:
4302:
4282:
4060:
3836:
3824:
3816:
3804:
3780:
3772:
3760:
3741:
3694:
3596:
3559:
3450:
3387:
3382:
3347:
3297:
3222:
3202:
3162:
2616:
2183:
2166:
2142:
2083:
2073:
2055:
1844:
1736:
1730:
1700:
Jalairi Kadir Galy (Djalairi, Kadyrali, Kadyr Ali, Kydyrgali) (ca 1620) (historian)
1694:
1655:
1651:
1341:
1252:
1204:
1173:
Vasmer Richard Wilhelm George (Roman Romanovich, Richard Richardovich) (1888–1938)
849:
837:
695:
158:
138:
134:
126:
110:
56:
4292:
3192:
2961:
2341:"FASMER, RICHARD RICHARDOVICH or VASMER (1858–1938), eminent Russian numismatist."
1617:
4851:
4846:
4831:
4821:
4811:
4741:
4731:
4666:
4626:
4566:
4529:
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Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status (TAKM)
4138:
4115:
4088:
3828:
3800:
3796:
3768:
3737:
3674:
3631:
3614:
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3337:
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3292:
3287:
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3257:
3247:
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3217:
3207:
3175:
3085:
3073:
2968:
2756:
2705:
2684:
2500:
2455:
2414:
2242:
2202:
2096:
1775:
1742:
1682:
1664:
1521:
1431:
1392:
1353:
1120:
927:
920:
903:
845:
841:
658:
Historian, professor (1927) in Azerbaijan University. Arrested and shot to death
118:
101:
2133:(Shokan, Chokan Chingisovich) (1835–1865) (Turkologist, ethnographer, historian)
1512:
4942:
4906:
4881:
4876:
4866:
4861:
4826:
4816:
4761:
4751:
4691:
4616:
4606:
4596:
4554:
4450:
4347:
4327:
4221:
4206:
4171:
4072:
3844:
3832:
3808:
3788:
3749:
3698:
3659:
3564:
3554:
3473:
3407:
3392:
3372:
3357:
3352:
3327:
3312:
3232:
3170:
3153:
2340:
2171:
2112:
1924:
1823:
1769:
1754:
1706:
1481:
1401:
892:
600:
292:
162:
154:
114:
106:
63:
in chronological and comparative context. This includes ethnic groups from the
60:
1596:
333:
4987:
4967:
4896:
4736:
4631:
4581:
4549:
4383:
4373:
4176:
4065:
3964:
3919:
3792:
3714:
3710:
3680:
3624:
3609:
3574:
3481:
3397:
3377:
3362:
3036:"Биобиблиографический словарь отечественных тюркологов. Дооктябрьский период"
2162:
1954:
1901:
1632:
1587:
1377:
1335:
1325:
1295:
899:
873:
299:
206:
76:
4483:
2457:
History as Therapy: Alternative History and Nationalist Imaginings in Russia
2031:(1898–1993) (Historian and orientalist, founder of the Turkology in Georgia)
762:
Turkologist-ethnographer and specialist in folklore. Professor, lecturer in
500:
Turkologist, Rector of the Moscow Oriental Studies Institute. Shot to death
4927:
4922:
4766:
4686:
4561:
4362:
4148:
3776:
3718:
3702:
3664:
3516:
3486:
1895:
1817:
1548:
1539:
1506:
1329:
1263:
1259:
1006:
580:
560:
509:
465:
166:
64:
1157:
Archeograph scientist, historian. Arrested, persecuted, and shot to death
607:"language construction", from 1924 worked in Baku. In 1937 arrested (like
4586:
4352:
4004:
3949:
3654:
3584:
2156:
2067:
2028:
2016:
1942:
1784:
1623:
1530:
1416:
1228:
579:
Ethnographer, artist, critic. From 1917 Bodaninsky was a director of the
513:
477:
319:
303:
142:
2926:
1319:(1871–1942) (Orientalist, Historian, Linguist, Philologist, Ethnographer
1313:(1927–1986) (Professor of Philology, Turkologist, Linguist, Orientalist)
528:
after petition of M.Gorky's wife, re-arrested and shot to death in 1937
4671:
4661:
4534:
4332:
4297:
4153:
4133:
4128:
4123:
3994:
3332:
1554:
1371:
1018:
1014:
907:
804:, sentenced to prison in 1937 and was eventually executed in Tashkent,
801:
429:
202:
3959:
1025:
persecutions in the middle of the 50es, freed in the middle of 1950es
1013:
writer, translator, literary critic. In the end of 1920es exiled from
4957:
4947:
4721:
4646:
4378:
4357:
4322:
4317:
4226:
4211:
4181:
4084:
4035:
3944:
3706:
3619:
3579:
3500:
3496:
3066:
2223:
2079:
1146:
1134:
1062:
1043:
1022:
995:
938:
915:
854:
763:
674:
Pedagogical Institute. Arrested in 1936 and perished without a trace
627:
604:
481:
458:
454:
146:
52:
4367:
3032:"Bibliographical dictionary of native Turkologists. Pre-USSR period"
1061:
was connected with Sultan-Galiev's name, a "sultangaleevshchina" in
4856:
4726:
4706:
4636:
4409:
4342:
4287:
4236:
4191:
4040:
4014:
3989:
3939:
3914:
3731:
3544:
3508:
3492:
2982:
2109:(1890–1970) (historian, Turkologist, leader of liberation movement)
2009:(1884–1955) (Turkologist, Arabist, Iranist, historian and linguist)
1814:(1894–1969) (academic, sinologist, historian, author, and traveler)
1545:
Eberhard Wolfram (1909–1988) (Sinologist, Philologist, Turkologist)
1362:(1898–1972) (Archaeologist, Turkologist, historian, Khazar studies)
858:
564:
556:
537:
298:
Many Turkology scholars in Russia were persecuted or imprisoned by
2948:
1322:
Ahinjanov S. M. (1939–1991) (archeologist, historian, Turkologist)
1046:
persecutions in 1956, mentally sick at release, committed suicide
4419:
4399:
4312:
3929:
3924:
3904:
3857:
3726:
3644:
3589:
3569:
3549:
3539:
3504:
2438:"'Jesus Was Turkish': The Bizarre Resurgence of Pseudo-Turkology"
2165:(1908–1983) (Orientalist, philologist, Native American linguist)
1650:(1932－1987) (linguist, philologist, Sinologist; the influence of
1201:
1083:
923:
862:
797:
421:
80:
68:
4445:
4404:
4186:
4143:
4093:
3954:
3909:
3899:
3883:
3877:
3862:
3852:
3688:
3649:
3639:
3604:
1527:
Dolgih B. O. (1904–1971) (historian, ethnographer-Sibirologist)
1010:
880:
866:
623:
548:
485:
473:
150:
3079:
International Turkology and Turkish History Research Symposium
1575:(1901–1993) (Turkologist, Sinologist, linguist, art historian)
1428:
Benzing J. (1913–2001) (Turkic and northern Eurasia languages)
326:
inflamed a surge in the new generation of Turkology scholars.
4414:
3999:
3934:
3669:
1874:
Nadelyaev, V. M. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1760:
Kormushin, I. V. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1745:(1783–1835), (Orientalist, Linguist, Historian, Ethnographer)
1383:
Baichorov S. Ya. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1350:(1867–1931) (Turkologist, ethnographer, ancient musical arts)
1185:
814:
Institute of Oriental Studies of the USSR Academy of Sciences
809:
Novichev Aron Davydovich (1902–1987) (family name Rabinovic)
752:
671:
667:
568:
469:
462:
406:
215:(1905–1927) inaugurated specialised periodicals, followed by
2037:
Shcherbak, A. M. (1926–2008) (Turkologist, runiform writing)
480:, the author of fundamental scientific works and textbooks (
364:
255:
4455:
4231:
1413:
Batmanov I. A. (Turkologist, philologist, runiform writing)
1217:
1058:
552:
489:
425:
334:
Turkology scholars persecuted in 20th-century Soviet Russia
185:
initiated a more scientific approach to Turkology with his
3110:
1837:
Ménage, V. L. (1920–2015) (British turkologist, historian)
1721:(Cantemir) (1673–1723) (historian, linguist, ethnographer)
1437:
Bidjiev Kh. Kh.-M. (1939–1999) (archeologist, Turkologist)
1220:
imprisoned him in Kostanay General Prison, where he died.
533:
Baryi Battal-Taimas (Saetbattalov Gabdelbaryi, 1883–1969)
2514:
1398:
Barfield T. J. (history, anthropology, and social theory)
3105:
1945:(or Jan) (1761–1815) (ethnologist, linguist, historian)
1859:
Mukhamadiev, A. (Numismatist, orientalist, philologist)
1475:
Chia-sheng, Feng (Jiasheng, Fen Tszia-shen, C. S. Feng)
821:
Odabash (Temirdjan) Abibulla Abdureshid (1891 – 1938?)
4441:
International Organization of Turkic Culture (TÜRKSOY)
3095:
2090:) (1825–1902) (Orientalist, numismatist, archeologist)
1805:
Liu Mau-tsai (Liu Guan-ying) (Sinologist, Turkologist)
800:
railroad engineer, activist, historian, member of the
655:
Gubaidullin Gaziz (Gabdulgaziz Salihovich, 1887–1937)
615:/Peoples of Asia and Africa, 1967, No 1, p. 208.
461:(1970), Turkologist, public figure, founder of modern
187:
Comparative dictionaries of all languages and dialects
2261:
Kemper, Michael; Conermann, Stephan (February 2011).
2186:(1928–1983) (Orientalist, historian, and philologist)
2159:(王国维, 1877–1927) (Sinologist, historian, philologist)
1638:
Hamilton, J. R. (linguist, Uighur and Chigil studies)
1271:" driven by a post-soviet need for nation-building.
3892:
2365:
Krymsky, Ahatanhel. Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine
1939:(1905–2000) (Turkologist, ethnographer, ethnologist)
1688:
Howorth, H. H. (1842–1923) (archeologist, historian)
2058:(1953–2005) (linguist, Altaic languages hypothesis)
1557:(1919–2007) (linguist, Turkologist, Hungarologist )
1328:(1924–2003) (archeologist, historian, investigated
2153:Velyaminov-Zernov, V. V. (1830–1904) (Turkologist)
1727:(1929–1994) (archeologist, historian, Turkologist)
1593:Giraud, M. R. (1904–1968) (philologist, historian)
941:persecution in 1938 and perished without a trace.
402:Abdrahimov Ali Rahim (Ali Shakirovich, 1892–1943)
3091:SOTA Research Centre for Turkestan and Azerbaijan
3043:"Etymological Dictionary of the Altaic Languages"
2180:(1842–1894) (archeologist, Turkologist, explorer)
1581:(1924–2007) (historian, Turkologist, Kurdologist)
1368:(1928–2002), (Orientalist, Manichaeism historian)
4985:
2099:(1842–1927) (Danish linguist, decipherer of the
1778:(1877–1955) (17-languages polyglot, Turkologist)
1542:(Philologist, Turkologist, comparative linguist)
1455:(Boodberg) (1903–1972) (Sinologist, orientalist)
1410:(1905–1995) (Turkologist, linguist, ethnologist)
707:Kudoyarov Galyautdin Gainutdinovich (189I-1966)
2260:
2076:(1921–2004) (linguist, Central Asian philology)
2034:Seydakmatov, K. (Turkologist, runiform writing)
1790:Kyzlasov, I. L. (Turkologist, runiform writing)
1165:(Validov Ahmetzaki Ahmetshakhovich, 1890–1970)
982:Schmidt Alexey Viktorovich (1884 or 1885–1935)
224:
3034:, Moscow, Science, 1974 – Кононов А.Н., ред.,
1393:Bang W. (Bang Kaup J. W., J. Kaup) (1869–1934)
1030:Shteinberg Lev (Haim) Yakovlevich (1861–1927)
974:Sharaf Galimdyan Sharafutdinovich (1896–1950)
4513:
4499:
3131:
3101:Turkish Studies Institutes, Departments Links
2040:Siemieniec-Gołaś, Ewa (Turkologist, linguist)
1091:Teploukhov Sergey Alexandrovich (1888–1934?)
4474:State with limited international recognition
2150:Velikhanly, N. M (Velikhanova) (Orientalist)
1856:Moravcsik, Gyula (1892–1972) (Byzantinology)
1246:
759:Martinovich Nikolai Nikolaevich (1883–1939)
216:
210:
3041:Starostin, Sergei/Dybo, Anna/Mudrak, Oleg,
2454:Sheiko, Konstantin; Brown, Stephen (2014).
2453:
2369:
2121:Vainberg, B. I. (archeologist, numismatist)
1820:(1880–1957) (Orientalist, runiform writing)
1509:(1801–1872, Russian language lexicographer)
1484:(1891–1974) (Orientalist, Turkish language)
1307:Adamovic M. (Uralic languages, Turkologist)
771:Miller Alexander Alexandrovich (1875–1937)
505:Baiburtly Yagya Nadji Suleiman (1876–1943)
174:
4506:
4492:
3138:
3124:
3047:"Этимологический Словарь Алтайских языков"
1691:Hulsewe, A. F. P. (1910–1993) (Sinologist)
1629:Halasi-Kun Tibor (1914–1991) (Turkologist)
497:Asfendiarov Sanjar Jafarovich (1889–1938)
367:. Please do not remove this message until
258:. Please do not remove this message until
1877:Nasilov, D. M. (Turkologist, philologist)
898:Archeologist and ethnographer, worked in
829:Polivanov Eugene Dmitrievich (1891–1938)
596:Choban-zade Bekir Vagap ogly (1893–1937)
387:Learn how and when to remove this message
278:Learn how and when to remove this message
3421:
2549:scholar of Iranian studies (1928–2002)."
2147:Vasiliev, D. D. (Türkic runiform script)
2093:Tietze, Andreas (1914–2003; Turkologist)
2025:Senigova, T. N. (Fine Arts, Turkologist)
1909:Podolak, Barbara (Turkologist, linguist)
1829:McGovern W. M. (1897–1964) (Orientalist)
1793:Lagashov, B. R. (Caucasology, philology)
1608:Golubovsky P. V. (1857–1907) (historian)
1374:(1912–1992) (Etruscologist, Orientalist)
1070:Talanov Nikolai Georgievich (1897–1938)
731:Latynin Boris Alexandrovich (1899–1967)
363:Relevant discussion may be found on the
254:Relevant discussion may be found on the
31:
2412:
2264:The Heritage of Soviet Oriental Studies
2220:Zieme, P. W. H. (Turkologist, linguist)
2211:Vásáry, István (Turkologist, historian)
2208:Zehren, E. (Orientalist, archeologist)
1733:(social anthropologist and ethnologist)
1536:Drompp M. R. (Orientalist, Turkologist)
1282:
998:persecutions in the middle of the 50es
876:(Radlov Vasily Vasilievich, 1837–1918)
781:Mirbaba ogly Usif Vesir (Chemenzemenly)
544:Bertels Eugene Edwardovich (1890–1957)
218:Mitteilungen zur Osmanischen Geschichte
27:Study of the Turkic language and people
14:
4986:
2542:
2416:Word formation in the Turkic languages
2406:
2217:(Turkologist, philologist, politician)
2022:Samolin, W. (1911–1972?) (Orientalist)
1892:(1741–1811) (naturalist, ethnographer)
1154:Vahidov Said Gabdulmannan (1887–1937)
1079:Tchernyshev Eugeny Ivanovich (1894–?)
641:field collector, Inspector, collector
302:'s political oppression movement, the
4487:
3119:
2449:
2447:
2432:
2430:
1843:(1883–1957) (Hungarian ethnographer,
1802:(1860–1930) (archaeologist, explorer)
1661:Hazai, György (Turkologist, linguist)
1434:(1777–1853) (Sinologist, orientalist)
1052:Sultan-Galiev Mirsaid Haidargalievich
747:Mansurov Gasim Gatievich (1894–1955)
646:Fielstrup Feodor Arturovich (1889–?)
576:Bodaninsky Usein Abdrefi (1877–1938)
191:Grammar of the Turkish-Tatar language
2891:
2591:BANG KAUP, JOHANN WILHELM MAX JULIUS
1948:Poucha, P. (Central Asian philology)
1781:Kurat, A. N. (historian) (1903–1971)
1518:Doblhofer E. (Historical philology,)
1478:Csirkés, Ferenc Péter (Orientalist)
1304:(1605–1664) (historian, Turkologist)
1181:Zabirov Vali Abdurahman (1897–1937)
1142:Umnyakov Ivan Ivanovich (1890–1976)
1108:Tsintsius Vera Ivanovna (1903–1981)
1074:same day shot to death in Leningrad
337:
228:
2174:(1896–1988) (Sinologist, historian)
1883:(1890–1976) (Turkologist, linguist)
1712:Jdanko, T. (Zhdanko) (ethnographer)
879:Outstanding Turkologist, graduated
694:Turkologist, linguist.Professor of
24:
3106:Turuz – Online Turkic Dictionaries
3049:), 3 vols, Leiden and Boston 2003
2444:
2427:
2358:
2338:
2064:(Philip Johan Tabbert) (1676–1747)
946:Sagidov Karim Muhamet (1888–1939)
934:Rykov Paul Sergeevich (1884–1942)
599:Outstanding Soviet Turkologist. A
25:
5020:
3060:
2770:
2586:
1933:(1835–1920) (Explorer, historian)
1865:(1705–83) (father of ethnography)
1796:Laude-Cirtautas, Ilse (Turkology)
1116:Tsovikian Horem Mkrt (1900–1942)
964:Samoylovich Alexander Nikolaevich
666:Turkologist, linguist. Docent of
105:, which contains information for
36:Turkic language map-present range
3463:
3147:
2460:. ibidem Press. pp. 58–62.
1886:Ogel, B. (1923–1989) (Philology)
1197:Ahatanhel Krymsky (1871 – 1942)
626:writer and scientist. Killed in
342:
233:
4446:Parliamentary Assembly (TURKPA)
3015:
3001:
2990:
2976:
2955:
2941:
2915:
2885:
2874:
2863:
2849:
2823:
2812:
2801:
2790:
2764:
2750:
2724:
2713:
2692:
2671:
2660:
2646:
2632:
2621:
2610:
2580:
2566:
2536:
2522:
2508:
2487:
2478:
2049:, Marek (linguist, etymologist)
1967:Räsänen, Martti (Ryasyanen, M.)
1772:(anthropologist, archaeologist)
437:Aqçoqraqlı Osman Nuri-Asan oğlu
176:Thesaurus Linguarum Orientalium
145:, Turkology was centred around
2896:MINORSKY, Vladimir Fed'orovich
2392:
2381:
2332:
2306:
2281:
2254:
1963:(1873–1950) (Altaic languages)
1927:(1897–1991) (linguist-Altaist)
1906:Pletneva, S. A. (archeologist)
1766:, W. (1872–1944) (Orientalist)
1703:Jankowski Henryk (turkologist)
1003:Sheikhzade Maksud (1908–1967)
588:Cherman Timofei Pavlovich (?)
508:Principal in Türkic school in
448:Akhatov Gabdulkhay Khuramovich
161:, and the Turkic languages of
13:
1:
4436:Organization of Turkic States
3096:ATON at Texas Tech University
2248:
2043:Smirnova, O. I. (numismatist)
1917:Поливанов, Евгений Дмитриевич
991:Serov Anton Mikhailovich (?)
739:Leibovich Eugene Solomon (?)
720:Khudyakov Michael Georgievich
195:Grammar of the Yakut language
2902:Encyclopædia Iranica on line
2345:Encyclopædia Iranica on line
2238:Institute of Turkish Studies
2019:) (Orientalist, Turkologist)
225:Persecution in Soviet Russia
7:
3111:Turklib – Turkistan Library
2597:Encyclopædia Iranica online
2553:Encyclopædia Iranica online
2231:
1984:Rasovsky, D. A. (historian)
1425:(Uralic and Altaic Studies)
955:Saifi Fatyh Kameletdin (?)
369:conditions to do so are met
260:conditions to do so are met
10:
5025:
3067:İstanbul Kültür University
2127:(Orientalist, philologist)
2115:(1907–1976) (archeologist)
2052:Stachowski, St. (linguist)
1987:Rémi-Giraud, S. (linguist)
1808:Lubotsky, A. (philologist)
1715:Johanson, L. (Turkologist)
1563:(1931–2000) (archeologist)
1298:(1905–1977) (ethnographer)
1286:
1250:
86:
4915:
4522:
4469:
4428:
4392:
4275:
4249:
4162:
4114:
4107:
4028:
3977:
3472:
3461:
3161:
2951:. Tass. 21 November 2021.
2421:Columbia University Press
2199:(1903–1970) (Turkologist)
2087:
1981:(1899–1984) (Turkologist)
1853:(1877–1966) (Orientalist)
1709:(1907–2002) (Turkologist)
1599:(1886–1924) (Sociologist)
1524:(1920–2003) (Turkologist)
1503:(1721–1800) (Orientalist)
1419:(Sinologist, orientalist)
1404:(1869–1930) (Orientalist)
1389:(1899–1996) (Orientalist)
1380:(1877–1965) (Orientalist)
1356:(1847–1903) (Orientalist)
1247:Pseudoscientific theories
691:Giniyatovich (1911-1968)
613:"Bekir Choban-zade Vagap"
4051:Timeline of the Göktürks
2499:11 February 2012 at the
2413:Frankle, Elanor (1948).
2226:(1932–2006) (Sinologist)
2125:Vaissière, Étienne de la
2118:Tremblay, X. (philology)
1898:(1878–1945) (Sinologist)
1749:Köprülü, M. F. (Koprulu)
1685:(1845–1927) (Sinologist)
1614:(1854–1921) (Sinologist)
1569:(philologist, historian)
1472:(1865–1918) (Sinologist)
1449:(1833–1901) (Sinologist)
893:Rudenko Sergey Ivanovich
874:Radloff Fridrich Wilhelm
700:Bashkir State University
635:A. A. Divay (1855–1933)
2967:5 February 2009 at the
2062:von Strahlenberg, P. J.
1951:Puech, H.-C. (linguist)
1787:(Tibetology, Religions)
1667:(1913–2005) (Mongolist)
1590:(1737–1794) (historian)
1395:(Turkologist, linguist)
1338:(1898–1976) (historian)
792:Mukhamedzhan Tynyshpaev
193:(1839), O. N. Betlingk
97:Dīwān ul-Lughat it-Turk
3765:Bosnia and Herzegovina
3084:29 August 2006 at the
3030:Kononov A.N., editor,
2190:Zajączkowski, Ananiasz
2015:(1880–1938, killed in
1871:(1860–1937) (linguist)
1863:Müller, G. F. (Miller)
1826:(Markwart) (1864–1930)
1812:Maenchen-Helfen, O. J.
1644:(1917–2004) (linguist)
1561:Fedorov-Davydov, G. A.
1533:(1835–1909) (linguist)
1515:(1895–1979) (linguist)
1443:(Orientalist, Arabist)
1280:
832:Linguist-Orientalist (
217:
211:
175:
123:bilingual dictionaries
37:
4262:Proto-Turkic language
3893:Extinct Turkic groups
2683:20 March 2009 at the
2378:. Avdet. 24 June 2015
2017:Stalinist repressions
1289:Category:Turkologists
1276:
1251:Further information:
885:Alexander Samoylovich
609:Alexander Samoylovich
35:
4461:World Turks Qurultai
3072:29 June 2014 at the
2929:on 24 September 2005
2777:Encyclopædia Iranica
2771:Zieme, Peter Zieme.
2704:16 July 2011 at the
2543:Sundermann, Werner.
2515:Professor G. Akhatov
1624:Gumilev, L. (Arslan)
1302:Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur
1283:List of Turkologists
710:Publicist, teacher,
670:language faculty in
620:Cholpan (1897–1937)
212:Türkische Bibliothek
171:F. Mesgnien-Meninski
73:Turks in the Balkans
4938:Culture by location
4202:Karachay-Cherkessia
2757:Saray-al-mahrusa.ru
2720:Eurasianhistory.com
2547:ASMUSSEN, Jes Peter
2528:Krymsky, Ahatanhel
2101:Orkhon inscriptions
1739:(political science)
1677:von Herberstein, S.
1269:Russian imperialism
1039:Sidorov Alexey (?)
468:and creator of the
356:of this section is
247:of this section is
179:published in 1680.
55:of people speaking
4973:Vernacular culture
4697:Germanic languages
4393:Traditional sports
4197:Kabardino-Balkaria
3817:Meskhetia (Ahiska)
2320:on 7 December 2021
2215:Zhirinovsky, V. V.
2167:Stig Wikander (sv)
2107:Togan, Zeki Velidi
2070:(Altaic languages)
2013:Samoilovich, A. N.
1991:William of Rubruck
1612:de Groot, J. J. M.
1501:de Guignes, Joseph
1344:(runiform writing)
415:Ayvazov Asan Sabri
93:Mahmud al-Kashgari
38:
4981:
4980:
4963:Political culture
4481:
4480:
4257:Old Turkic script
4245:
4244:
4056:Timeline 500–1300
3973:
3972:
3459:
3458:
3318:Kipchak languages
3273:Karamanli Turkish
3022:elte.academia.edu
2837:on 3 October 2008
2738:on 7 October 2008
2274:978-1-136-83854-5
2143:Vandewalle, Johan
2131:Valihanov, Chokan
2088:Tizengauzen, V.G.
1737:Kitsikis, Dimitri
1695:Ismagulov, Orazak
1648:Hashimoto Mantaro
1447:Bretschneider, E.
1317:Ahatanhel Krymsky
1224:
1223:
1163:Validi-Togan Zaki
679:Huluflu Veli (?)
663:Hakim Nigmat (?)
397:
396:
389:
288:
287:
280:
121:. There are also
16:(Redirected from
5016:
5004:Cultural studies
4953:Official culture
4933:Cultural studies
4622:Central European
4516:cultural studies
4508:
4501:
4494:
4485:
4484:
4303:Tibetan Buddhism
4283:Turkic mythology
4164:Autonomous areas
4116:Sovereign states
4112:
4111:
3890:
3889:
3872:
3847:
3744:
3721:
3683:
3634:
3599:
3560:Crimean Karaites
3534:
3511:
3467:
3419:
3418:
3298:Khorasani Turkic
3152:
3151:
3150:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3117:
3116:
3024:
3019:
3013:
3012:
3005:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2987:
2980:
2974:
2973:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2945:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2925:. Archived from
2919:
2913:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2892:Bosworth, C. E.
2889:
2883:
2881:Northwestern.edu
2878:
2872:
2867:
2861:
2860:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2844:
2842:
2833:. Archived from
2827:
2821:
2816:
2810:
2805:
2799:
2794:
2788:
2787:
2785:
2783:
2768:
2762:
2761:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2745:
2743:
2734:. Archived from
2728:
2722:
2717:
2711:
2710:
2696:
2690:
2689:
2675:
2669:
2664:
2658:
2657:
2650:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2630:
2625:
2619:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2603:
2584:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2564:
2563:
2561:
2559:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2491:
2485:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2451:
2442:
2441:
2434:
2425:
2424:
2410:
2404:
2403:
2396:
2390:
2385:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2362:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2339:Ivanov, Anatol.
2336:
2330:
2329:
2327:
2325:
2316:. Archived from
2310:
2304:
2303:
2301:
2299:
2285:
2279:
2278:
2258:
2198:
2178:Yadrintsev, N.V.
2172:Wittfogel, K. A.
2097:Thomsen, Vilhelm
2089:
2080:von Tiesenhausen
2008:
1980:
1921:
1913:Polivanov, E. D.
1757:(Dialectologist)
1725:Khalikov, A. Kh.
1697:(anthropologist)
1656:Mandarin Chinese
1652:Altaic languages
1579:Gasratjan, M. A.
1496:
1432:Bichurin, N. Ya.
1342:Amanjolov, A. S.
1253:Pseudo-Turkology
1209:Brockhaus, Efron
696:Bashkir language
399:
398:
392:
385:
381:
378:
372:
346:
345:
338:
283:
276:
272:
269:
263:
237:
236:
229:
220:
214:
201:inscriptions by
178:
159:Turkish language
57:Turkic languages
21:
5024:
5023:
5019:
5018:
5017:
5015:
5014:
5013:
4984:
4983:
4982:
4977:
4911:
4872:Southeast Asian
4797:Native American
4518:
4512:
4482:
4477:
4472:
4465:
4424:
4388:
4271:
4241:
4158:
4139:Northern Cyprus
4103:
4089:Altai Mountains
4024:
3969:
3888:
3868:
3813:North Macedonia
3755:
3736:
3693:
3679:
3675:Siberian Tatars
3630:
3615:Khorasani Turks
3595:
3522:
3491:
3468:
3455:
3417:
3338:Ottoman Turkish
3258:Karachay-Balkar
3157:
3148:
3146:
3144:
3086:Wayback Machine
3074:Wayback Machine
3063:
3027:
3020:
3016:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2991:
2985:
2981:
2977:
2971:
2969:Wayback Machine
2960:
2956:
2947:
2946:
2942:
2932:
2930:
2921:
2920:
2916:
2906:
2904:
2890:
2886:
2879:
2875:
2868:
2864:
2858:
2856:Liveinternet.ru
2854:
2850:
2840:
2838:
2829:
2828:
2824:
2817:
2813:
2806:
2802:
2795:
2791:
2781:
2779:
2769:
2765:
2759:
2755:
2751:
2741:
2739:
2730:
2729:
2725:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2706:Wayback Machine
2697:
2693:
2687:
2685:Wayback Machine
2676:
2672:
2667:sabanciuniv.edu
2665:
2661:
2652:
2651:
2647:
2641:
2637:
2633:
2626:
2622:
2615:
2611:
2601:
2599:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2571:
2567:
2557:
2555:
2541:
2537:
2531:
2527:
2523:
2517:
2513:
2509:
2503:
2501:Wayback Machine
2492:
2488:
2483:
2479:
2468:
2452:
2445:
2440:. 22 July 2021.
2436:
2435:
2428:
2411:
2407:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2386:
2382:
2374:
2370:
2363:
2359:
2349:
2347:
2337:
2333:
2323:
2321:
2312:
2311:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2287:
2286:
2282:
2275:
2259:
2255:
2251:
2243:Ottoman studies
2234:
2229:
2192:
2074:Tenishev, E. R.
2002:
1974:
1961:Ramstedt, G. H.
1919:
1851:Minorsky, V. F.
1841:Mészáros, Gyula
1833:Mélikoff, Irène
1755:Korkmaz, Zeynep
1490:
1488:Čaušević, Ekrem
1459:Çağatay, Saadet
1441:Bosworth, C. E.
1408:Baskakov, N. A.
1366:Asmussen, J. P.
1296:Abramzon, S. M.
1291:
1285:
1255:
1249:
1202:Ukrainian-Tatar
1100:Tsedenishe (?)
986:interrogations
928:Altai Mountains
914:, professor in
689:Keyekbaev Jalil
522:Baytusyn Akhmet
393:
382:
376:
373:
362:
347:
343:
336:
284:
273:
267:
264:
253:
238:
234:
227:
173:'s four-volume
102:Codex Cumanicus
89:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
5022:
5012:
5011:
5006:
5001:
4996:
4979:
4978:
4976:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4943:Ethnic studies
4940:
4935:
4930:
4925:
4919:
4917:
4913:
4912:
4910:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4787:Middle Eastern
4784:
4779:
4774:
4772:Latin American
4769:
4764:
4759:
4754:
4749:
4744:
4739:
4734:
4729:
4724:
4719:
4714:
4709:
4704:
4699:
4694:
4689:
4684:
4679:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4659:
4654:
4649:
4644:
4639:
4634:
4629:
4624:
4619:
4614:
4609:
4604:
4599:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4579:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4558:
4557:
4552:
4547:
4545:Asian American
4537:
4532:
4526:
4524:
4520:
4519:
4511:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4488:
4479:
4478:
4470:
4467:
4466:
4464:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4451:Turkic Academy
4448:
4443:
4438:
4432:
4430:
4426:
4425:
4423:
4422:
4417:
4412:
4407:
4402:
4396:
4394:
4390:
4389:
4387:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4365:
4360:
4355:
4350:
4348:Khalwati order
4345:
4340:
4335:
4330:
4328:Bektashi Order
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4305:
4300:
4295:
4290:
4285:
4279:
4277:
4273:
4272:
4270:
4269:
4264:
4259:
4253:
4251:
4247:
4246:
4243:
4242:
4240:
4239:
4234:
4229:
4224:
4219:
4214:
4209:
4207:Karakalpakstan
4204:
4199:
4194:
4189:
4184:
4179:
4174:
4172:Altai Republic
4168:
4166:
4160:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4151:
4146:
4141:
4136:
4131:
4126:
4120:
4118:
4109:
4105:
4104:
4102:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4082:
4081:
4080:
4073:Nomadic empire
4070:
4069:
4068:
4063:
4058:
4048:
4043:
4038:
4032:
4030:
4026:
4025:
4023:
4022:
4012:
4007:
4002:
3997:
3992:
3987:
3981:
3979:
3975:
3974:
3971:
3970:
3968:
3967:
3962:
3957:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3896:
3894:
3887:
3886:
3881:
3875:
3874:
3873:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3849:
3848:
3841:Western Thrace
3747:
3746:
3745:
3729:
3724:
3723:
3722:
3686:
3685:
3684:
3672:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3636:
3635:
3622:
3617:
3612:
3607:
3602:
3601:
3600:
3587:
3582:
3577:
3572:
3567:
3565:Crimean Tatars
3562:
3557:
3552:
3547:
3542:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3514:
3513:
3512:
3484:
3478:
3476:
3470:
3469:
3462:
3460:
3457:
3456:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3416:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3370:
3368:Siberian Tatar
3365:
3360:
3355:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3330:
3325:
3320:
3315:
3310:
3305:
3300:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3189:
3188:
3183:
3173:
3167:
3165:
3159:
3158:
3143:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3120:
3114:
3113:
3108:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3076:
3062:
3061:External links
3059:
3058:
3057:
3039:
3026:
3025:
3014:
3000:
2989:
2975:
2962:Kunstkamera.ru
2954:
2940:
2923:"Getcited.org"
2914:
2884:
2873:
2862:
2848:
2822:
2811:
2800:
2789:
2763:
2749:
2723:
2712:
2691:
2670:
2659:
2645:
2631:
2620:
2609:
2579:
2565:
2535:
2521:
2507:
2486:
2477:
2467:978-3838265650
2466:
2443:
2426:
2405:
2391:
2380:
2368:
2357:
2331:
2305:
2280:
2273:
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2240:
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2228:
2227:
2221:
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2209:
2206:
2200:
2187:
2181:
2175:
2169:
2160:
2154:
2151:
2148:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2116:
2113:Sergey Tolstov
2110:
2104:
2094:
2091:
2077:
2071:
2065:
2059:
2053:
2050:
2044:
2041:
2038:
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2032:
2026:
2023:
2020:
2010:
1997:
1994:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1969:
1964:
1958:
1952:
1949:
1946:
1940:
1937:Potapov, L. P.
1934:
1931:Potanin, G. N.
1928:
1922:
1910:
1907:
1904:
1902:Peskov, Dmitry
1899:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1878:
1875:
1872:
1866:
1860:
1857:
1854:
1848:
1847:, Turkologist)
1838:
1835:
1830:
1827:
1821:
1815:
1809:
1806:
1803:
1800:von Le Coq, A.
1797:
1794:
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1782:
1779:
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1671:Henning, W. B.
1668:
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1645:
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1627:
1621:
1615:
1609:
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1576:
1573:von Gabain, A.
1570:
1564:
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1464:Castrén, M. A.
1461:
1456:
1453:Budberg, P. A.
1450:
1444:
1438:
1435:
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1426:
1420:
1414:
1411:
1405:
1402:Bartold, W. W.
1399:
1396:
1390:
1384:
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1375:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1354:Aristov, N. A.
1351:
1348:Anokhin, A. V.
1345:
1339:
1333:
1326:Akishev, K. A.
1323:
1320:
1314:
1311:Akhatov G. Kh.
1308:
1305:
1299:
1292:
1284:
1281:
1248:
1245:
1244:
1243:
1240:
1234:
1231:
1229:online edition
1222:
1221:
1198:
1194:
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1182:
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1101:
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1071:
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1004:
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988:
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983:
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978:
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951:
947:
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826:
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795:
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787:
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756:
755:
748:
744:
743:
740:
736:
735:
732:
728:
727:
723:
716:
715:
712:Tatarstan ASSR
708:
704:
703:
692:
685:
684:
680:
676:
675:
664:
660:
659:
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652:
651:
647:
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631:
621:
617:
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545:
541:
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451:
444:
443:
440:
433:
432:
418:
411:
410:
403:
395:
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350:
348:
341:
335:
332:
293:intelligentsia
286:
285:
241:
239:
232:
226:
223:
163:Eastern Europe
155:Ottoman Empire
88:
85:
61:Turkic peoples
49:Turkic studies
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5021:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5000:
4997:
4995:
4992:
4991:
4989:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4968:Super culture
4966:
4964:
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4951:
4949:
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4944:
4941:
4939:
4936:
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4920:
4918:
4914:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
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4858:
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4853:
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4778:
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4708:
4705:
4703:
4700:
4698:
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4693:
4690:
4688:
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4683:
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4678:
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4608:
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4429:Organizations
4427:
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4408:
4406:
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4384:Vattisen Yaly
4382:
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4177:Bashkortostan
4175:
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4066:Turkification
4064:
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3716:
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3708:
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3700:
3696:
3692:
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3690:
3687:
3682:
3681:Baraba Tatars
3678:
3677:
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3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
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3471:
3466:
3452:
3449:
3447:
3444:
3442:
3439:
3437:
3436:Common Turkic
3434:
3432:
3429:
3428:
3426:
3424:
3420:
3414:
3413:Western Yugur
3411:
3409:
3406:
3404:
3401:
3399:
3396:
3394:
3391:
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3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3228:Crimean Tatar
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
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3169:
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3141:
3136:
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3122:
3121:
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3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
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3092:
3089:
3087:
3083:
3080:
3077:
3075:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3056:
3055:90-04-13153-1
3052:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3037:
3033:
3029:
3028:
3023:
3018:
3009:
3004:
2998:
2993:
2984:
2979:
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2924:
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2826:
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2798:
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2774:
2767:
2758:
2753:
2737:
2733:
2727:
2721:
2716:
2707:
2703:
2700:
2695:
2688:(in Croatian)
2686:
2682:
2679:
2674:
2668:
2663:
2655:
2649:
2640:
2639:Elbrusoid.org
2635:
2629:
2624:
2618:
2613:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2583:
2574:
2573:Elbrusoid.org
2569:
2554:
2550:
2548:
2539:
2530:
2525:
2516:
2511:
2502:
2498:
2495:
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2400:
2395:
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2384:
2377:
2372:
2366:
2361:
2346:
2342:
2335:
2319:
2315:
2314:"VLIB.iue.it"
2309:
2294:
2290:
2289:"Great Purge"
2284:
2276:
2270:
2267:. Routledge.
2266:
2265:
2257:
2253:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2236:
2235:
2225:
2222:
2219:
2216:
2213:
2210:
2207:
2205:(Philologist)
2204:
2201:
2196:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2179:
2176:
2173:
2170:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2158:
2155:
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2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
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2114:
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2105:
2102:
2098:
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2092:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2075:
2072:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2060:
2057:
2056:Starostin, S.
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2006:
2001:
2000:Rossi, Ettore
1998:
1995:
1992:
1989:
1986:
1983:
1978:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1953:
1950:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1929:
1926:
1923:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1905:
1903:
1900:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1890:Pallas, P. S.
1888:
1885:
1882:
1881:Németh, Gyula
1879:
1876:
1873:
1870:
1867:
1864:
1861:
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1771:
1770:Kradin, N. N.
1768:
1765:
1762:
1759:
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1634:
1633:Gustav Haloun
1631:
1628:
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1598:
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1544:
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1538:
1535:
1532:
1529:
1526:
1523:
1520:
1517:
1514:
1513:Dilaçar, Agop
1511:
1508:
1507:Dal, Vladimir
1505:
1502:
1499:
1497:(Turkologist)
1494:
1489:
1486:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1471:
1470:Chavannes, E.
1468:
1465:
1462:
1460:
1457:
1454:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1442:
1439:
1436:
1433:
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1421:
1418:
1415:
1412:
1409:
1406:
1403:
1400:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:Bailey, H. W.
1385:
1382:
1379:
1376:
1373:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1361:
1360:Artamonov, M.
1358:
1355:
1352:
1349:
1346:
1343:
1340:
1337:
1334:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1321:
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1312:
1309:
1306:
1303:
1300:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1265:
1261:
1254:
1241:
1238:
1237:Tallgren A.M.
1235:
1232:
1230:
1226:
1225:
1219:
1214:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1191:
1187:
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1136:
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1128:
1127:
1122:
1118:
1115:
1114:
1110:
1107:
1106:
1102:
1099:
1098:
1093:
1090:
1089:
1085:
1082:Historian of
1081:
1078:
1077:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1064:
1060:
1056:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1045:
1041:
1038:
1037:
1032:
1029:
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1020:
1016:
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1005:
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997:
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965:
962:
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948:
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940:
936:
933:
932:
929:
925:
922:
917:
913:
909:
905:
901:
900:Transbaikalia
897:
894:
891:
890:
886:
882:
878:
875:
872:
871:
868:
864:
860:
857:(1929–1931),
856:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
828:
827:
823:
820:
819:
815:
811:
808:
807:
803:
799:
796:
794:(1879–1937?)
793:
790:
789:
785:
782:
779:
778:
773:
770:
769:
765:
761:
758:
757:
754:
749:
746:
745:
741:
738:
737:
733:
730:
729:
724:
721:
718:
717:
713:
709:
706:
705:
701:
697:
693:
690:
687:
686:
681:
678:
677:
673:
669:
665:
662:
661:
657:
654:
653:
648:
645:
644:
640:
637:
634:
633:
630:persecutions
629:
625:
622:
619:
618:
614:
610:
606:
602:
601:Crimean Tatar
598:
595:
594:
590:
587:
586:
582:
578:
575:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
543:
542:
539:
535:
532:
531:
526:
523:
520:
519:
516:imprisonment
515:
511:
507:
504:
503:
499:
496:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
460:
456:
452:
449:
446:
445:
441:
438:
435:
434:
431:
427:
423:
419:
416:
413:
412:
408:
404:
401:
400:
391:
388:
380:
370:
366:
360:
359:
355:
349:
340:
339:
331:
327:
325:
321:
316:
310:
307:
305:
301:
296:
294:
282:
279:
271:
261:
257:
251:
250:
246:
240:
231:
230:
222:
219:
213:
208:
207:W. W. Radloff
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
180:
177:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
104:
103:
98:
94:
84:
82:
78:
74:
70:
66:
62:
58:
54:
50:
46:
42:
34:
30:
19:
5009:Turkologists
4999:Area studies
4928:Area studies
4923:Anthropology
4886:
4837:Scandinavian
4767:Kremlinology
4687:Filipinology
4363:Qalandariyya
4338:Christianity
4266:
4149:Turkmenistan
4087: /
4078:Turco-Mongol
3517:Azerbaijanis
3046:
3042:
3035:
3031:
3017:
3011:(in Russian)
3008:Vostlit.info
3003:
2997:Blogspot.com
2992:
2986:(in Russian)
2978:
2972:(in Russian)
2957:
2943:
2931:. Retrieved
2927:the original
2917:
2905:. Retrieved
2901:
2895:
2887:
2876:
2865:
2859:(in Russian)
2851:
2839:. Retrieved
2835:the original
2831:"Sektam.net"
2825:
2814:
2803:
2792:
2780:. Retrieved
2776:
2766:
2760:(in Russian)
2752:
2740:. Retrieved
2736:the original
2726:
2715:
2709:(in Russian)
2694:
2673:
2662:
2648:
2642:(in Russian)
2634:
2623:
2612:
2600:. Retrieved
2596:
2590:
2582:
2576:(in Russian)
2568:
2556:. Retrieved
2552:
2546:
2538:
2532:(in English)
2524:
2518:(in Russian)
2510:
2504:(in Russian)
2489:
2480:
2471:
2456:
2423:. p. 2.
2415:
2408:
2402:(in Russian)
2394:
2383:
2371:
2360:
2348:. Retrieved
2344:
2334:
2322:. Retrieved
2318:the original
2308:
2296:. Retrieved
2292:
2283:
2263:
2256:
2184:Yudin, V. P.
2163:Wikander, S.
2068:Tekin, Talât
1943:Potocki, Yan
1925:Poppe, N. N.
1920:(in Russian)
1869:Munkacsi, B.
1824:Marquart, J.
1818:Malov, S. E.
1776:Küner, N. V.
1743:Klaproth, J.
1731:Khazanov, A.
1719:Kantemir, D.
1642:Harmatta, J.
1618:Grousset, R.
1549:Erdal Marcel
1423:Beckwith, C.
1330:Issyk Kurgan
1277:
1273:
1264:Genghis Khan
1260:Jesus Christ
1256:
1054:(1892–1940)
966:(1880–1938)
895:(1885–1969)
783:(1887–1943)
722:(1894–1936)
612:
581:Bakhchysarai
561:Turkmenistan
524:(1873–1937)
510:Bakhchysarai
466:dialectology
450:(1927–1986)
439:(1878–1938)
417:(1878–1938)
383:
374:
352:
328:
324:O.Suleimenov
314:
311:
308:
297:
289:
274:
265:
243:
194:
190:
186:
183:P. S. Pallas
181:
167:Western Asia
100:
96:
90:
48:
44:
40:
39:
29:
4802:New Zealand
4642:Circumpolar
4587:Assyriology
4353:Malamatiyya
4005:Pan-Turkism
3985:Grey Wolves
3950:Oghuz Turks
3870:Afghanistan
3655:Qarai Turks
3585:Karakalpaks
3353:Sakha/Yakut
3243:Fuyü Gïrgïs
3198:Azerbaijani
2819:Archive.org
2797:NYtimes.com
2732:"Umass.edu"
2494:KRSU.edu.kg
2388:pdf IHST.ru
2324:26 November
2193: [
2157:Wang Guowei
2139:(1832–1913)
2137:Vambery, A.
2029:Sergi Jikia
2003: [
1975: [
1972:Rasonyi, L.
1957:(1837–1918)
1955:Radloff, W.
1896:Pelliot, P.
1845:Orientalist
1785:Kvaerne, P.
1751:(1890–1966)
1707:Jarring, G.
1673:(1908–1967)
1665:Heissig, W.
1635:(1898–1951)
1626:(1912–1992)
1620:(1885–1952)
1605:(historian)
1567:Frye, R. N.
1540:Dybo, A. V.
1522:Doerfer, G.
1491: [
1482:Clauson, G.
1466:(1813–1852)
1417:Bazin Louis
1336:Altheim, F.
1205:Orientalist
1119:Ethnically
1007:Azerbaijani
698:faculty in
514:Arkhangelsk
478:phraseology
453:Scientist,
320:L.N.Gumilev
304:Great Purge
143:Middle Ages
133:as well as
18:Turkologist
4988:Categories
4777:Macedonian
4757:Kartvelian
4672:Eskimology
4662:Egyptology
4657:East Asian
4602:Belarusian
4592:Australian
4535:Albanology
4333:Burkhanism
4298:Aiyy Faith
4217:Nakhchivan
4154:Uzbekistan
4134:Kyrgyzstan
4129:Kazakhstan
4124:Azerbaijan
3995:Burkhanism
3821:Montenegro
3785:Dodecanese
3446:Old Uyghur
3431:Old Turkic
3333:Old Turkic
3268:Karakalpak
2587:Zieme, P.
2249:References
2203:Zakiev, M.
2047:Stachowski
1603:Golden, P.
1597:Gökalp, Z.
1588:Gibbon, E.
1551:(linguist)
1531:Donner, O.
1372:Ayda Adile
1287:See also:
1137:province.
1019:Uzbekistan
1015:Azerbaijan
908:Kazakhstan
802:Alash Orda
430:Simferopol
354:neutrality
245:neutrality
203:V. Thomsen
4994:Turkology
4958:Philology
4948:Ethnology
4892:Ukrainian
4887:Turkology
4792:Mongolian
4722:Hispanism
4717:Hungarian
4677:Ethiopian
4647:Coptology
4577:Aromanian
4514:Regional
4379:Zahediyeh
4374:Safaviyya
4323:Bayramiye
4318:Batiniyya
4293:Shamanism
4276:Religions
4267:Turkology
4227:Tatarstan
4212:Khakassia
4182:Chuvashia
4108:Locations
4085:Tian Shan
4061:Migration
4036:Turkestan
4019:Hungarian
4010:Turkesism
3707:Kryashens
3695:Astrakhan
3620:Krymchaks
3580:Karachays
3501:Telengits
3497:Kumandins
3423:Alphabets
3253:Ili Turki
3163:Languages
2870:Tibet.com
2224:Zuev, Yu.
1683:Hirth, F.
1378:Bacot, J.
1147:Stalinist
1135:Yaroslavl
1063:Stalinist
1044:Stalinist
1023:Stalinist
996:Stalinist
939:Stalinist
916:Petrograd
912:Bashkiria
855:Samarkand
764:Petrograd
628:Stalinist
605:Stalinist
567:Academy (
563:, 1951),
559:Academy (
555:, 1944),
551:Academy (
482:Tatarstan
459:philology
455:professor
377:June 2020
365:talk page
268:June 2020
256:talk page
147:Byzantine
141:. In the
53:ethnology
45:Turcology
41:Turkology
4902:Yugoslav
4857:Sinology
4842:Scottish
4807:Oriental
4782:Mandaean
4747:Japanese
4727:Indology
4712:Hellenic
4702:Hawaiian
4682:European
4652:Croatian
4612:Canadian
4572:Armenian
4540:American
4343:Hurufism
4288:Tengrism
4237:Xinjiang
4192:Gagauzia
4041:Mongolia
4015:Turanism
3990:Kemalism
3978:Politics
3940:Kipchaks
3920:Göktürks
3915:Dughlats
3769:Bulgaria
3757:Abkhazia
3732:Turkmens
3715:Nağaybäk
3545:Bashkirs
3509:Tubalars
3493:Chelkans
3487:Altaians
3441:Cyrillic
3343:Pecheneg
3308:Krymchak
3213:Chagatai
3186:Southern
3181:Northern
3082:Archived
3070:Archived
2983:Rulex.ru
2965:Archived
2702:Archived
2681:Archived
2497:Archived
2232:See also
1555:Eren, H.
1192:in 1937
1121:Armenian
859:Tashkent
834:Japanese
639:Bashkurt
565:Damascus
557:Ashgabat
538:Istanbul
358:disputed
249:disputed
157:and the
131:Armenian
75:and the
67:in East
4916:Related
4852:Serbian
4847:Semitic
4832:Russian
4822:Romance
4812:Pacific
4742:Italian
4732:Iranian
4707:Hebraic
4667:English
4637:Chinese
4627:Chicano
4567:Aramaic
4530:African
4420:Chovgan
4400:Kyz kuu
4313:Alevism
4250:Studies
4046:History
4029:Origins
3960:Türgesh
3930:Khazars
3925:Karluks
3905:Bulgars
3880:(Sakha)
3858:Uyghurs
3837:Tunisia
3825:Romania
3805:Lebanon
3773:Croatia
3761:Algeria
3750:Turkish
3742:Iranian
3727:Tofalar
3699:Chinese
3660:Qashqai
3645:Naimans
3590:Kazakhs
3570:Dolgans
3555:Chuvash
3550:Chulyms
3540:Balkars
3532:Georgia
3528:Armenia
3505:Teleuts
3482:Afshars
3474:Peoples
3451:Persian
3388:Turkmen
3383:Turkish
3348:Qashqai
3303:Kipchak
3223:Chuvash
3203:Bashkir
2678:FFZG.hr
2399:IHST.ru
2298:19 June
2293:HISTORY
2084:Russian
1764:Kotwicz
1190:Solovki
1149:period
1084:Tataria
1009:, then
926:in the
924:kurgans
921:Pazyryk
838:Chinese
422:Crimean
139:Russian
135:Kipchak
127:Kipchak
111:Persian
95:in the
87:History
81:Moldova
71:to the
69:Siberia
4907:Zhuang
4882:Taiwan
4877:Syriac
4867:Somali
4862:Slavic
4827:Romani
4817:Polish
4762:Korean
4752:Jewish
4692:German
4617:Celtic
4607:Bengal
4597:Balkan
4555:Latino
4410:Kokpar
4405:Jereed
4368:Rifaʽi
4358:Qadiri
4187:Crimea
4144:Turkey
4094:Otuken
3955:Shatuo
3945:K'o-sa
3910:Cumans
3900:Bulaqs
3884:Yugurs
3878:Yakuts
3863:Uzbeks
3853:Tuvans
3829:Serbia
3801:Kosovo
3797:Israel
3781:Cyprus
3738:Afghan
3711:Mishar
3689:Tatars
3650:Nogais
3640:Kumyks
3625:Kyrgyz
3610:Khalaj
3605:Khakas
3575:Gagauz
3403:Uyghur
3323:Kyrgyz
3293:Khazar
3288:Khalaj
3283:Khakas
3278:Kazakh
3263:Karaim
3248:Gagauz
3238:Dolgan
3218:Chulym
3208:Bulgar
3171:Afshar
3156:topics
3154:Turkic
3053:
2841:1 July
2808:RIN.ru
2742:14 May
2699:NSC.ru
2628:MPG.de
2617:BU.edu
2464:
2271:
2082:, W. (
1213:Granat
1211:, and
881:Berlin
867:Moscow
863:Frunze
850:Turkic
846:Korean
842:Dungan
798:Kazakh
549:Tehran
486:Russia
474:school
300:Stalin
199:Orkhon
119:German
117:, and
77:Gagauz
4897:Welsh
4737:Irish
4632:Czech
4582:Asian
4550:Black
4523:Local
4415:Jigit
4308:Islam
4222:Sakha
4000:Jadid
3935:Kimek
3845:Yemen
3833:Syria
3809:Libya
3789:Egypt
3777:Crete
3719:Volga
3703:Lipka
3670:Shors
3665:Salar
3632:China
3597:China
3408:Uzbek
3393:Tuvan
3373:Tatar
3358:Salar
3328:Nogai
3313:Kumyk
3233:Cuman
3176:Altai
2933:4 May
2907:6 May
2782:6 May
2602:6 May
2558:6 May
2350:6 May
2197:]
2007:]
1979:]
1495:]
1186:Tatar
1011:Uzbek
904:Altai
753:Murom
672:Kazan
668:Tatar
624:Uzbek
569:Syria
470:Kazan
463:Tatar
407:Kazan
151:Greek
115:Latin
107:Cuman
65:Sakha
4562:Arab
4232:Tuva
4099:Oğuz
3965:Uzes
3793:Iraq
3524:Iran
3398:Urum
3378:Tofa
3363:Shor
3193:Äynu
3051:ISBN
2935:2008
2909:2012
2843:2008
2784:2012
2744:2008
2604:2012
2560:2012
2462:ISBN
2352:2012
2326:2008
2300:2020
2269:ISBN
1262:and
1218:NKVD
1059:NKVD
910:and
553:Iran
490:USSR
426:NKVD
351:The
322:and
315:Türk
242:The
205:and
165:and
137:and
129:and
125:for
59:and
43:(or
3867:in
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3629:in
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3521:in
1654:on
1017:to
476:of
457:of
79:in
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3835:,
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3530:,
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3507:,
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2900:.
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2470:.
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2419:.
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2291:.
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2086::
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