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Turks in the Balkans

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In the 2011 Bulgarian census, which did not receive a response regarding ethnicity from the total population, 588,318 people, or 8.8% of the self-appointed responders, determined their ethnicity as Turkish; while the latest census which provided answers from the entire population, the 2001 census,
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government refers to the community as "Greek Muslims" or "Hellenic Muslims" and does not specifically mention the ethnicity of the Muslims (including Turks) in Western Thrace. Traditionally, academics have suggested that the Western Thrace Turks number about 120,000–130,000, although more recent
910:
Constantin, Daniela L.; Goschin, Zizi; Dragusin, Mariana (2008). "Ethnic entrepreneurship as an integration factor in civil society and a gate to religious tolerance. A spotlight on Turkish entrepreneurs in Romania".
1818: 695:Попис становништва, домаћинстава и станова 2011. у Републици Србији: Становништво према националној припадности - „Остали“ етничке заједнице са мање од 2000 припадника и двојако изјашњени 296:
There were 28,226 Romanian Turks living in the country according to the 2011 Romanian census. However, academic estimates suggest that the community numbers between 55,000 and 80,000.
732: 1908: 1013: 81:
has minority language status in Bosnia and Herzegovina, North Macedonia, and Romania. The Ottoman Empire conquered parts of the Balkans between the 14th and 16th century.
540: 694: 234:. However, academic estimates suggest that they actually number between 170,000 and 200,000. Furthermore, about 200,000 Macedonian Turks migrated to Turkey during 1105: 1746: 159:
According to the 2001 Croatian census the Turkish minority numbered 300. More recent estimates have suggested that there are 2,000 Turks in Croatia.
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The 2002 Macedonian census stated that there were 77,959 Macedonian Turks, forming about 4% of the total population and constituting a majority in
740: 350:. However, during the 20th century it gradually fell out of favour. Today, the largest mainly Muslim Slavic ethnic group is known as the 1773: 1020: 1098: 587: 1870: 1813: 1966: 933: 881: 547: 1751: 49:
rule as well as their descendants who still live in the region today. The Turks are officially recognized as a minority in
1971: 1763: 1157: 1828: 1091: 113:
The 1991 Bosnian census found that there was a minority of 267 Turks, while the census of 2013 gave a number of 1,108.
1588: 1070: 990: 971: 952: 900: 862: 430: 1940: 1778: 1177: 331:
Historically, from the Ottoman conquest up to and including the 19th century, ethnically non-Turkish, especially
108: 1051: 708:"Population of Montenegro by sex, type of settlement, etnicity, religion and mother tongue, per municipalities" 707: 1823: 1838: 874:
Between Reality and Myth: A Corpus-based Analysis of the Stereotypic Image of Some Romanian Ethnic Minorities
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There were 104 Montenegrin Turks according to the 2011 census. The majority left their homes and migrated to
1833: 1651: 572: 1875: 1527: 1435: 1887: 1865: 1014:
Comunicat de presă privind rezultatele provizorii ale Recensământului Populaţiei şi Locuinţelor – 2011
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recorded 746,664 Turks, or 9.4% of the population. Other estimates suggests that there are 750,000.
1845: 1487: 1217: 1153: 339: 221: 1923: 1788: 1768: 1758: 1560: 1205: 1200: 311: 179: 321:
estimates suggest that the community numbers 150,000. Between 300,000 and 400,000 immigrated to
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In the 2011 census in Albania, more than 800 people registered Turkish as their first language.
1892: 1609: 1482: 1300: 103: 50: 1798: 1718: 1408: 1385: 1882: 1855: 1517: 332: 8: 1728: 1708: 1703: 1698: 1630: 1604: 1250: 1222: 474: 343: 267: 409: 1913: 1635: 1625: 1317: 1117: 379: 1661: 1555: 1545: 1502: 1258: 1066: 1047: 986: 967: 948: 929: 896: 877: 858: 767: 123: 456: 1945: 1850: 1723: 1472: 1467: 1455: 1445: 1440: 1430: 1425: 1369: 1347: 1327: 1312: 1263: 1227: 1187: 1149: 291: 281: 154: 139: 78: 28: 519: 1918: 1808: 1803: 1713: 1578: 1550: 1512: 1497: 1492: 1460: 1450: 1417: 1307: 1295: 1232: 1212: 1182: 389: 257:
There were 647 Serbian Turks living in the country according to the 2011 census.
252: 216: 194: 66: 1682: 1677: 1656: 1583: 1507: 1477: 1390: 1364: 1359: 1322: 1141: 1127: 1114: 457:
1. Stanovništvo prema etničkoj/nacionalnoj pripadnosti - detaljna klasifikacija
301: 46: 38: 999: 658: 227: 1960: 1522: 1283: 371: 1083: 1793: 1195: 1039: 239: 1001: 520:"Scientists Raise Alarm over Apocalyptic Scenario for Bulgarian Ethnicity" 487: 472: 434: 1928: 1738: 1352: 235: 199:
There are approximately 30,000 Kosovar Turks living in Kosovo, mostly in
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the Turkish minority is recognized as "Greek Muslims". Furthermore, the
1288: 262: 489: 384: 351: 231: 208: 184:
Some 5,000 Turks live in the Dodecanese islands of Rhodes and Kos.
118: 54: 1019:(Report). Romania-National Institute of Statistics. Archived from 431:"Population grouped according to ethnicity, by censuses 1961–1991" 342:. This usage is common in literature, for example in the works of 1819:
Turkish diplomats assassinated by Armenian militant organisations
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About Turkey: Geography, Economy, Politics, Religion, and Culture
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Turkish communities and minorities in the former Ottoman Empire
733:"Turks in Montenegrin town not afraid to show identity anymore" 573:"POPULATION BY ETHNICITY, BY TOWNS/MUNICIPALITIES, CENSUS 2001" 335: 322: 317: 305: 273: 247: 189: 168: 164: 74: 62: 855:
A Threat to "Stability": Human Rights Violations in Macedonia
791: 705: 1007:(Report). Republic of Macedonia – State Statistical Office. 338:
of the Balkans were referred to in the local languages as
909: 797: 570: 173: 477:. National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. p. 4. 428: 1000:
Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office (2005).
779: 818: 630: 628: 808: 806: 501: 499: 664: 361: 659:
Republic of Macedonia State Statistical Office 2005
625: 488:National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria (2001). 473:National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria (2011). 985:. The Federal Trust for Education & Research. 803: 496: 1747:Persecution of Muslims during Ottoman contraction 913:Journal for the Study of Religions and Ideologies 1958: 1002:Republic of Macedonia – State Statistical Office 1063:Destroying ethnic identity: the Turks of Greece 16:Turkish ethnic minorities living in the Balkans 1113: 1099: 492:. National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. 725: 1106: 1092: 980: 785: 1779:1956–1989 Assimilation of Bulgarian Turks 1774:Exodus of Turks from Bulgaria (1950-1951) 1012:National Institute of Statistics (2011). 1764:1944 Deportation of the Meskhetian Turks 1044:Ethnic Groups of Europe: An Encyclopedia 983:The EU and Romania: Accession and Beyond 852: 670: 242:due to persecutions and discrimination. 1060: 942: 836: 824: 812: 798:Constantin, Goschin & Dragusin 2008 699: 511: 1959: 1871:National Socialist Underground murders 1814:Maratha, Santalaris and Aloda massacre 1037: 871: 761: 634: 588:"Altepe'den Hırvat Müslümanlara moral" 505: 1087: 961: 923: 890: 774:National Institute of Statistics 2011 682: 646: 619: 607: 1752:Exodus of Muslims from Serbia (1862) 541:"Population and Housing Census 2011" 517: 449: 1038:Sosyal, Levent (2011). "Turks". In 87:Turkish communities in the Balkans 13: 706:Statistical Office of Montenegro. 14: 1983: 585: 1941:Turks in the former Soviet Union 575:. Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 407: 364: 926:Historical Dictionary of Kosovo 845: 830: 755: 688: 676: 652: 640: 613: 601: 579: 571:Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 1692:Diaspora in Post-Soviet States 564: 533: 481: 466: 429:Federal Office of Statistics. 422: 401: 1: 1839:Assassination of Galip Balkar 1829:Assassination of Orhan Gündüz 395: 1967:Ethnic groups in the Balkans 1834:Assassination of Erkut Akbay 1572:Diaspora in the Persian Gulf 410:"National Minorities in BiH" 41:who have been living in the 7: 1824:Assassination of Taha Carım 357: 10: 1988: 1972:Turkish diaspora in Europe 1888:Banya Bashi Mosque clashes 1866:1993 Solingen arson attack 981:Phinnemore, David (2006). 475:"2011 Census (Final data)" 1901: 1861:1991 Altun Kupri massacre 1737: 1691: 1670: 1644: 1619:Diaspora in South America 1618: 1597: 1571: 1539:Diaspora in North America 1538: 1415: 1403: 1378: 1338: 1274: 1241: 1165: 1136: 1124: 872:Brozba, Gabriela (2010). 86: 1846:1983 Orly Airport attack 1154:Turkish Cypriot diaspora 348:Petar II Petrović-Njegoš 340:Turks (term for Muslims) 1924:Turks in the Arab world 1789:Bloody Christmas (1963) 1759:Kirkuk Massacre of 1924 966:. Bradt Travel Guides. 943:Ergener, Reşit (2002). 891:Clogg, Richard (2002). 853:Abrahams, Fred (1996). 1893:Iraqi Turkmen genocide 1876:Murder of Enver Şimşek 1645:Diaspora in South Asia 1178:Bosnia and Herzegovina 1065:. Human Rights Watch. 1061:Whitman, Lois (1990). 962:Evans, Thammy (2010). 924:Elsie, Robert (2010). 857:. Human Rights Watch. 104:Bosnia and Herzegovina 51:Bosnia and Herzegovina 32: 1851:1989 Fergana massacre 1799:Afrikaanderwijk riots 1671:Diaspora in East Asia 1936:Turks in the Balkans 1883:2004 Cologne bombing 1856:1990 Komotini events 1784:1959 Kirkuk massacre 1589:United Arab Emirates 1125:Traditional areas of 947:. Pilgrims Process. 893:Minorities in Greece 743:on 22 September 2011 437:on 26 September 2011 312:Western Thrace Turks 1598:Diaspora in Oceania 1339:Turkish minorities 1275:Turkish minorities 1242:Turkish minorities 1166:Turkish minorities 1137:Turkish majorities: 928:. Scarecrow Press. 1914:Turkish population 1769:Gavurbağı massacre 1404:Diaspora in Africa 895:. Hurst & Co. 380:Turkish population 1954: 1953: 1399: 1398: 935:978-0-8108-7231-8 883:978-3-640-70386-9 329: 328: 268:Montenegrin Turks 1979: 1946:Turkish diaspora 1341:in North Africa: 1328:Turkmen Mountain 1244:in the Caucasus: 1134: 1133: 1108: 1101: 1094: 1085: 1084: 1076: 1057: 1034: 1032: 1031: 1025: 1018: 1008: 1006: 996: 977: 958: 939: 920: 906: 887: 868: 840: 834: 828: 822: 816: 810: 801: 795: 789: 783: 777: 771: 765: 759: 753: 752: 750: 748: 739:. Archived from 729: 723: 722: 720: 718: 712: 703: 697: 692: 686: 680: 674: 668: 662: 656: 650: 644: 638: 632: 623: 617: 611: 605: 599: 598: 596: 594: 583: 577: 576: 568: 562: 561: 559: 558: 552: 546:. Archived from 545: 537: 531: 530: 528: 526: 515: 509: 503: 494: 493: 485: 479: 478: 470: 464: 453: 447: 446: 444: 442: 433:. Archived from 426: 420: 419: 417: 416: 405: 374: 369: 368: 367: 282:Northern Dobruja 222:Macedonian Turks 180:Dodecanese Turks 84: 83: 79:Turkish language 35: 1987: 1986: 1982: 1981: 1980: 1978: 1977: 1976: 1957: 1956: 1955: 1950: 1919:Turks in Europe 1897: 1809:Tochni massacre 1804:Revival Process 1733: 1687: 1666: 1640: 1614: 1593: 1567: 1534: 1411: 1395: 1374: 1340: 1334: 1276: 1270: 1243: 1237: 1218:North Macedonia 1167: 1161: 1150:Northern Cyprus 1126: 1120: 1112: 1081: 1079: 1073: 1054: 1029: 1027: 1023: 1016: 1004: 993: 974: 955: 936: 903: 884: 876:. GRIN Verlag. 865: 848: 843: 835: 831: 823: 819: 811: 804: 796: 792: 786:Phinnemore 2006 784: 780: 772: 768: 760: 756: 746: 744: 731: 730: 726: 716: 714: 710: 704: 700: 693: 689: 681: 677: 669: 665: 657: 653: 645: 641: 633: 626: 618: 614: 606: 602: 592: 590: 584: 580: 569: 565: 556: 554: 550: 543: 539: 538: 534: 524: 522: 516: 512: 504: 497: 486: 482: 471: 467: 454: 450: 440: 438: 427: 423: 414: 412: 406: 402: 398: 390:Turks in Europe 370: 365: 363: 360: 217:North Macedonia 172: 124:Bulgarian Turks 98:Current status 92:State or region 67:North Macedonia 34:Balkan Türkleri 33: 17: 12: 11: 5: 1985: 1975: 1974: 1969: 1952: 1951: 1949: 1948: 1943: 1938: 1933: 1932: 1931: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1905: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1896: 1895: 1890: 1885: 1880: 1879: 1878: 1868: 1863: 1858: 1853: 1848: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1826: 1816: 1811: 1806: 1801: 1796: 1791: 1786: 1781: 1776: 1771: 1766: 1761: 1756: 1755: 1754: 1743: 1741: 1735: 1734: 1732: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1695: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1686: 1685: 1680: 1674: 1672: 1668: 1667: 1665: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1648: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1639: 1638: 1633: 1628: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1615: 1613: 1612: 1607: 1601: 1599: 1595: 1594: 1592: 1591: 1586: 1581: 1575: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1566: 1565: 1564: 1563: 1561:South Carolina 1553: 1548: 1542: 1540: 1536: 1535: 1533: 1532: 1531: 1530: 1523:United Kingdom 1520: 1515: 1510: 1505: 1500: 1495: 1490: 1485: 1480: 1475: 1470: 1465: 1464: 1463: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1436:Czech Republic 1433: 1428: 1422: 1420: 1413: 1412: 1407: 1405: 1401: 1400: 1397: 1396: 1394: 1393: 1388: 1382: 1380: 1376: 1375: 1373: 1372: 1367: 1362: 1357: 1356: 1355: 1344: 1342: 1336: 1335: 1333: 1332: 1331: 1330: 1320: 1315: 1310: 1305: 1304: 1303: 1293: 1292: 1291: 1280: 1278: 1277:in the Levant: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1268: 1267: 1266: 1261: 1253: 1247: 1245: 1239: 1238: 1236: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1209: 1208: 1206:Western Thrace 1203: 1198: 1190: 1185: 1180: 1174: 1172: 1169:in the Balkans 1163: 1162: 1158:Mainland Turks 1140: 1138: 1131: 1122: 1121: 1115:Turkish people 1111: 1110: 1103: 1096: 1088: 1078: 1077: 1071: 1058: 1052: 1035: 1009: 997: 991: 978: 972: 959: 953: 940: 934: 921: 907: 901: 888: 882: 869: 863: 849: 847: 844: 842: 841: 829: 817: 802: 790: 778: 766: 754: 724: 698: 687: 675: 663: 651: 639: 624: 612: 600: 578: 563: 532: 510: 495: 480: 465: 448: 421: 399: 397: 394: 393: 392: 387: 382: 376: 375: 359: 356: 344:Ivan Mažuranić 327: 326: 314: 309: 302:Western Thrace 298: 297: 294: 292:Romanian Turks 289: 278: 277: 276:in the 1900s. 270: 265: 259: 258: 255: 250: 244: 243: 224: 219: 213: 212: 197: 192: 186: 185: 182: 177: 161: 160: 157: 155:Croatian Turks 152: 146: 145: 142: 140:Albanian Turks 137: 131: 130: 126: 121: 115: 114: 111: 106: 100: 99: 96: 93: 89: 88: 39:Turkish people 25:Rumelian Turks 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1984: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1962: 1947: 1944: 1942: 1939: 1937: 1934: 1930: 1927: 1926: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1906: 1904: 1900: 1894: 1891: 1889: 1886: 1884: 1881: 1877: 1874: 1873: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1862: 1859: 1857: 1854: 1852: 1849: 1847: 1844: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1825: 1822: 1821: 1820: 1817: 1815: 1812: 1810: 1807: 1805: 1802: 1800: 1797: 1795: 1792: 1790: 1787: 1785: 1782: 1780: 1777: 1775: 1772: 1770: 1767: 1765: 1762: 1760: 1757: 1753: 1750: 1749: 1748: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1740: 1736: 1730: 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1696: 1694: 1690: 1684: 1681: 1679: 1676: 1675: 1673: 1669: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1649: 1647: 1643: 1637: 1634: 1632: 1629: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1621: 1617: 1611: 1608: 1606: 1603: 1602: 1600: 1596: 1590: 1587: 1585: 1582: 1580: 1577: 1576: 1574: 1570: 1562: 1559: 1558: 1557: 1556:United States 1554: 1552: 1549: 1547: 1544: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1529: 1526: 1525: 1524: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1514: 1511: 1509: 1506: 1504: 1501: 1499: 1496: 1494: 1491: 1489: 1486: 1484: 1483:Liechtenstein 1481: 1479: 1476: 1474: 1471: 1469: 1466: 1462: 1459: 1458: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1419: 1414: 1410: 1406: 1402: 1392: 1389: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1381: 1379:Other regions 1377: 1371: 1368: 1366: 1363: 1361: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1350: 1349: 1346: 1345: 1343: 1337: 1329: 1326: 1325: 1324: 1321: 1319: 1316: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1306: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1297: 1294: 1290: 1287: 1286: 1285: 1282: 1281: 1279: 1273: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1257: 1256: 1254: 1252: 1249: 1248: 1246: 1240: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1202: 1199: 1197: 1194: 1193: 1191: 1189: 1186: 1184: 1181: 1179: 1176: 1175: 1173: 1170: 1164: 1159: 1155: 1151: 1147: 1143: 1139: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1123: 1119: 1116: 1109: 1104: 1102: 1097: 1095: 1090: 1089: 1086: 1082: 1074: 1072:0-929692-70-5 1068: 1064: 1059: 1055: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1040:Cole, Jeffrey 1036: 1026:on 2019-08-02 1022: 1015: 1010: 1003: 998: 994: 992:1-903403-78-2 988: 984: 979: 975: 973:1-84162-297-4 969: 965: 960: 956: 954:0-9710609-6-7 950: 946: 941: 937: 931: 927: 922: 918: 914: 908: 904: 902:1-85065-706-8 898: 894: 889: 885: 879: 875: 870: 866: 864:1-56432-170-3 860: 856: 851: 850: 838: 833: 826: 821: 814: 809: 807: 799: 794: 787: 782: 775: 770: 763: 758: 742: 738: 737:Today's Zaman 734: 728: 709: 702: 696: 691: 684: 679: 672: 671:Abrahams 1996 667: 660: 655: 648: 643: 636: 631: 629: 621: 616: 609: 604: 589: 582: 574: 567: 553:on 2012-12-24 549: 542: 536: 521: 514: 507: 502: 500: 491: 490:"2001 Census" 484: 476: 469: 462: 458: 452: 436: 432: 425: 411: 404: 400: 391: 388: 386: 383: 381: 378: 377: 373: 372:Turkey portal 362: 355: 353: 349: 345: 341: 337: 334: 324: 319: 315: 313: 310: 307: 303: 300: 299: 295: 293: 290: 287: 283: 280: 279: 275: 271: 269: 266: 264: 261: 260: 256: 254: 253:Serbian Turks 251: 249: 246: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 223: 220: 218: 215: 214: 210: 206: 202: 198: 196: 195:Kosovan Turks 193: 191: 188: 187: 183: 181: 178: 175: 170: 166: 163: 162: 158: 156: 153: 151: 148: 147: 143: 141: 138: 136: 133: 132: 127: 125: 122: 120: 117: 116: 112: 110: 109:Bosnian Turks 107: 105: 102: 101: 97: 94: 91: 90: 85: 82: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 48: 44: 40: 36: 30: 26: 22: 1935: 1794:Akritas plan 1719:Turkmenistan 1416:Diaspora in 1409:South Africa 1386:Saudi Arabia 1168: 1080: 1062: 1046:. ABC-CLIO. 1043: 1028:. Retrieved 1021:the original 982: 963: 944: 925: 919:(20): 28–41. 916: 912: 892: 873: 854: 846:Bibliography 837:Whitman 1990 832: 825:Ergener 2002 820: 813:Whitman 1990 793: 781: 769: 757: 747:21 September 745:. Retrieved 741:the original 736: 727: 717:21 September 715:. Retrieved 701: 690: 678: 666: 654: 642: 615: 603: 591:. Retrieved 581: 566: 555:. Retrieved 548:the original 535: 523:. Retrieved 513: 483: 468: 461:Popis.gov.ba 460: 451: 439:. Retrieved 435:the original 424: 413:. Retrieved 403: 333:South Slavic 330: 325:since 1923. 240:World War II 24: 21:Balkan Turks 20: 18: 1929:Kouloughlis 1739:Turkophobia 1652:Afghanistan 1610:New Zealand 1518:Switzerland 1488:Netherlands 1353:Kouloughlis 762:Brozba 2010 713:. p. 7 635:Sosyal 2011 593:9 September 506:Sosyal 2011 236:World War I 228:Centar Župa 176:(in Greece) 1961:Categories 1729:Uzbekistan 1709:Kyrgyzstan 1704:Kazakhstan 1699:Azerbaijan 1289:Turkmeneli 1251:Azerbaijan 1223:Montenegro 1201:Dodecanese 1130:settlement 1118:by country 1053:1598843028 1030:2012-02-02 683:Evans 2010 647:Evans 2010 620:Elsie 2010 608:Clogg 2002 557:2013-11-02 518:Novinite. 441:16 October 415:2013-12-29 396:References 263:Montenegro 45:since the 37:) are the 1636:Venezuela 1626:Argentina 1605:Australia 1318:Palestine 1264:Meskhetia 964:Macedonia 95:Community 1902:See also 1662:Pakistan 1503:Portugal 1259:Abkhazia 1255:Georgia 1183:Bulgaria 1146:Muhacirs 385:Muhacirs 358:See also 352:Bosniaks 232:Plasnica 209:Pristina 119:Bulgaria 55:Bulgaria 1724:Ukraine 1473:Ireland 1468:Hungary 1456:Germany 1446:Finland 1441:Denmark 1431:Belgium 1426:Austria 1370:Tunisia 1348:Algeria 1313:Lebanon 1228:Romania 1192:Greece 1188:Croatia 1128:Turkish 1042:(ed.). 586:Zaman. 525:21 July 336:Muslims 286:Romania 205:Prizren 201:Mamusha 150:Croatia 135:Albania 71:Romania 59:Croatia 47:Ottoman 43:Balkans 29:Turkish 1714:Russia 1631:Brazil 1579:Kuwait 1551:Mexico 1546:Canada 1528:London 1513:Sweden 1498:Poland 1493:Norway 1461:Berlin 1451:France 1418:Europe 1308:Jordan 1296:Israel 1233:Serbia 1213:Kosovo 1142:Turkey 1069:  1050:  989:  970:  951:  932:  899:  880:  861:  827:, 106. 788:, 157. 685:, 228. 622:, 276. 408:OSCE. 323:Turkey 306:Greece 274:Turkey 248:Serbia 207:, and 190:Kosovo 169:Greece 165:Rhodes 75:Greece 69:, and 63:Kosovo 1683:Japan 1678:China 1657:India 1584:Qatar 1508:Spain 1478:Italy 1391:Yemen 1365:Libya 1360:Egypt 1323:Syria 1196:Crete 1024:(PDF) 1017:(PDF) 1005:(PDF) 764:, 48. 711:(PDF) 673:, 53. 661:, 34. 649:, 11. 637:, 368 610:, 84. 551:(PDF) 544:(PDF) 508:, 369 318:Greek 73:; in 1301:Jews 1284:Iraq 1067:ISBN 1048:ISBN 987:ISBN 968:ISBN 949:ISBN 930:ISBN 897:ISBN 878:ISBN 859:ISBN 839:, 2. 815:, i. 800:, 59 776:, 10 749:2011 719:2011 595:2011 527:2011 443:2011 346:and 316:The 304:(in 284:(in 238:and 230:and 167:(in 19:The 1148:), 459:". 174:Kos 23:or 1963:: 1156:, 915:. 805:^ 735:. 627:^ 498:^ 354:. 211:. 203:, 171:) 65:, 61:, 57:, 53:, 31:: 1171:: 1160:) 1152:( 1144:( 1107:e 1100:t 1093:v 1075:. 1056:. 1033:. 995:. 976:. 957:. 938:. 917:7 905:. 886:. 867:. 751:. 721:. 597:. 560:. 529:. 463:. 455:" 445:. 418:. 308:) 288:) 27:(

Index

Turkish
Turkish people
Balkans
Ottoman
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Kosovo
North Macedonia
Romania
Greece
Turkish language
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnian Turks
Bulgaria
Bulgarian Turks
Albania
Albanian Turks
Croatia
Croatian Turks
Rhodes
Greece
Kos
Dodecanese Turks
Kosovo
Kosovan Turks
Mamusha
Prizren
Pristina
North Macedonia

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