Knowledge

Wikisource

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563: 454: 161: 2156: 293:. Wikisource is the name of the project as a whole and the name for each instance of that project (each instance usually representing a different language); multiple Wikisources make up the overall project of Wikisource. The project's aim is to host all forms of free text, in many languages, and translations. Originally conceived as an archive to store useful or important historical texts, it has expanded to become a general-content library. The project officially began on November 24, 2003, under the name 499: 147: 1153: 43: 417:. Two votes conducted to choose a successor were inconclusive, and the original logo remained until 2006. Finally, for both legal and technical reasons—because the picture's license was inappropriate for a Wikimedia Foundation logo and because a photo cannot scale properly—a stylized vector iceberg inspired by the original picture was mandated to serve as the project's logo. 371:", soon clarifying the statement with "we don't want to try to duplicate Project Gutenberg's efforts; rather, we want to complement them. Perhaps Project Sourceberg can mainly work as an interface for easily linking from Knowledge to a Project Gutenberg file, and as an interface for people to easily submit new work to PG." Initial comments were skeptical, with 1156: 1155: 1160: 1159: 1154: 622:
of texts. On Wikisource, the annotations are supplementary to the original text, which remains the primary objective of the project. By contrast, on Wikibooks the annotations are primary, with the original text as only a reference or supplement, if present at all. Annotated editions are more popular
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This system assists editors in ensuring the accuracy of texts on Wikisource. The original page scans of completed works remain available to any user so that errors may be corrected later and readers may check texts against the originals. ProofreadPage also allows greater participation, since access
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Within two weeks of the project's official start at sources.wikipedia.org, over 1,000 pages had been created, with approximately 200 of these being designated as actual articles. On January 4, 2004, Wikisource welcomed its 100th registered user. In early July, 2004 the number of articles exceeded
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adding "like Larry, I'm interested that we think it over to see what we can add to Project Gutenberg. It seems unlikely that primary sources should in general be editable by anyone — I mean, Shakespeare is Shakespeare, unlike our commentary on his work, which is whatever we want it to be."
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Project Sourceberg officially launched on November 24, 2003, when it received its own temporary URL, at sources.wikipedia.org, and all texts and discussions hosted on ps.wikipedia.org were moved to the temporary address. A vote on the project's name changed it to Wikisource on December 6, 2003.
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As of September 2024, there are Wikisource subdomains for 79 languages of which 77 are active and 2 are closed. The active sites have 6,168,394 articles and the closed sites have 13 articles. There are 4,951,425 registered users of which 2,774 are recently active.
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articles, by providing primary evidence and original source texts, and as an archive in its own right. The collection was initially focused on important historical and cultural material, distinguishing it from other digital archives like Project Gutenberg.
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extension called ProofreadPage was developed for Wikisource by developer ThomasV to improve the vetting of transcriptions by the project. This displays pages of scanned works side by side with the text relating to that page, allowing the text to be
320:. Verification was initially made offline, or by trusting the reliability of other digital libraries. Now works are supported by online scans via the ProofreadPage extension, which ensures the reliability and accuracy of the project's texts. 606:. The requirement for prior publication can also be waived in a small number of cases if the work is a source document of notable historical importance. The legal requirement for works to be licensed or free of copyright remains constant. 578:
previously published texts; including novels, non-fiction works, letters, speeches, constitutional and historical documents, laws and a range of other documents. All texts collected are either free of copyright or released under the
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The project began its activity at ps.wikipedia.org. The contributors understood the "PS" subdomain to mean either "primary sources" or Project Sourceberg. However, this resulted in Project Sourceberg occupying the subdomain of the
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As a language incubator, the wiki currently provides a home for over 30 languages that do not yet have their own language subdomains. Some of these are very active, and have built libraries with hundreds of texts (such as
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questioning the need for the project, writing "The hard question, I guess, is why we are reinventing the wheel, when Project Gutenberg already exists? We'd want to complement Project Gutenberg—how, exactly?", and
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Some individual Wikisources, each representing a specific language, now only allow works backed up with scans. While the bulk of its collection are texts, Wikisource as a whole hosts other media, from comics to film to
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over their inclusion or deletion. Project Sourceberg was suggested as a solution to this. In describing the proposed project, user The Cunctator said, "It would be to Project Gutenberg what Knowledge is to
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Bernier, Alex; Burger, Dominique; Marmol, Bruno (2010). "Wiki, a New Way to Produce Accessible Documents". In Miesenberger, Klaus; Klaus, Joachim; Zagler, Wolfgang; Karshmer, Arthur (eds.).
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An initial wave of 14 languages was set up on August 23, 2005. The new languages did not include English, but the code en: was temporarily set to redirect to the main website (
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In practice, use of the website for multilingual coordination has not been heavy since the conversion to language domains. Nevertheless, there is some policy activity at the
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that ended May 12, 2005, supported the adoption of separate language subdomains at Wikisource by a large margin, allowing each language to host its texts on its own wiki.
1542: 1190:, has criticised the English Wikisource's project to create a user-generated translation of the Bible saying "Democratization isn't necessarily good for scholarship." 602:
A scanned source is preferred on many Wikisources and required on some. Most Wikisources will, however, accept works transcribed from offline sources or acquired from
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passed 20,000 text-units in its third month of existence, already holding more texts than did the entire project in April (before the move to language subdomains).
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On April 30, 2005, there were 2667 registered users (including 18 administrators) and almost 19,000 articles. The project passed its 96,000th edit that same day.
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on the German Wikisource. The project also accommodates translations of texts provided by its users. A significant translation on the English Wikisource is the
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As of September 2024, there are Wikisource subdomains active for 77 languages comprising a total of 6,168,394 articles and 2,774 recently active editors.
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digital library to French Wikisource. Fourteen hundred public domain French texts were added to the Wikisource library as a result via upload to the
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and its accuracy later verified independently by any other editor. Once a book, or other text, has been scanned, the raw images can be modified with
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Clicking on the portal's central images (the iceberg logo in the center and the "Wikisource" heading at the top of the page) links to a
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The idea of a project-specific coordination wiki, first realized at Wikisource, also took hold in another Wikimedia project, namely at
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To provide direct, ongoing support by a local wiki community for a dynamic multilingual portal at its Main Page, for users who go to
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The original concept for Wikisource was as storage for useful or important historical texts. These texts were intended to support
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to a physical copy of the original work is not necessary to be able to contribute to the project once images have been uploaded.
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To be a home for texts in languages without their own subdomains, each with its own local main page for self-organization.
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requested their own wikis, but a December vote on the creation of separate language domains was inconclusive. Finally, a
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The project was originally called Project Sourceberg during its planning stages (a play on words for Project Gutenberg).
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The only original pieces accepted by Wikisource are annotations and translations. Wikisource, and its sister project
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environment (Hebrew is written right-to-left). In the ensuing months, contributors in other languages including
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software to correct for page rotations and other problems. The retouched images can then be converted into a
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In 2001, there was a dispute on Knowledge regarding the addition of primary-source materials, leading to
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works. All texts held by Wikisource must have been previously published; the project does not host "
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Since Wikisource was initially called "Project Sourceberg", its first logo was a picture of an
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Languages without subdomains are locally incubated. As of September 2020, 182 languages are
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In 2011, the English Wikisource received many high-quality scans of documents from the US
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To be a multilingual coordination site for the entire Wikisource project in all languages.
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Server admin log for September 11, 2005, at 01:20 and below (September 10) at 22:49.
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During the move to language subdomains, the community requested that the main
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website derived from the difficulty of typing and editing Hebrew texts in a
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On February 14, 2008, the English Wikisource passed 100,000 text-units with
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Despite the change in name, the project did not move to its permanent URL (
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website remain a functioning wiki, in order to serve three purposes:
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The top ten Wikisource language projects by mainspace article count:
628: 615: 462: 390: 344: 325: 316:; professionally published works or historical source documents, not 1814: 1186:, a New Testament scholar and professor of religious studies at the 42: 3095: 3060: 3042: 3032: 2907: 2838: 2765: 2481: 2456: 1819: 1218: 363: 1960: 1194:, an Old Testament scholar and professor of Jewish studies at the 1121: 1115: 1081: 672: 627:
project, intended to create a new, "laissez-faire translation" of
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Personal explanation of Wikisource from a project participant
2061:[Wikimedia France sign a partnership with the BnF]. 554:
In November, 2011, 250,000 text-units milestone was passed.
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For a complete list with totals see Wikimedia Statistics:
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Annotations and translations – the difference to Wikibooks
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McDevitt-Parks, Dominic; Waldman, Robin (July 25, 2011).
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In 2010, Wikimedia France signed an agreement with the
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Detail of the Wikisource multilingual portal main page
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Ayers, Phoebe; Matthews, Charles; Yates, Ben (2008).
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A personal perspective on the history of Wikisource
2059:"Wikimédia France signe un partenariat avec la BnF" 1590: 599:" books or documents produced by its contributors. 1321: 1319: 1298: 3373: 581:Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License 1951:For an automatic list of local main pages, see 1586: 1584: 515:2,400, and more than 500 users had registered. 420:The first prominent use of Wikisource's slogan— 308:The project holds works that are either in the 1756:. Amsterdam University Press. pp. 34–35. 1509:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1476:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1443:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1413:"Primary sources Pedia, or Project Sourceberg" 1198:, identified errors in the translation of the 1176:has criticised Wikisource, and sister project 2682: 2646:Artificial intelligence in Wikimedia projects 2216: 1440: 1410: 566:Wikisource inclusion criteria expressed as a 2115:National Archives and Records Administration 2036:(in French). NetMediaEurope. April 8, 2010. 1973: 1780:Knowledge Reader's Guide: The Missing Manual 1581: 1278: 1276: 1274: 1230:National Archives and Records Administration 1206: 330:National Archives and Records Administration 3316:Comparison of Android ebook reader software 2195:Early discussions and plans for the project 2149: 1808: 1806: 1804: 1593:Computers Helping People with Special Needs 1406: 1404: 1188:University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1144:does not serve as its multilingual portal. 2689: 2675: 2223: 2209: 2154: 2065:(in French). April 7, 2010. Archived from 1381: 1379: 1377: 1375: 482:file and uploaded to either Wikisource or 218: 1776: 1719:"What is Wikisource?—What do we exclude?" 1646:. 14 February 2008. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1271: 1128:, who based it upon the Knowledge portal. 502:A student doing proof reading during her 127:Learn how and when to remove this message 30:For linking to or citing Wikisource, see 2230: 1997: 1801: 1630:at Wikisource.org. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1536: 1401: 1151: 561: 497: 452: 350: 3392:Internet properties established in 2003 3311:Comparison of iOS ebook reader software 2001:Knowledge: The Company and Its Founders 1871:"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - March 29" 1812: 1747: 1745: 1743: 1372: 14: 3374: 3336:International Digital Publishing Forum 1470: 639: 63:Please improve this article by adding 2670: 2204: 1896:"Server Admin Log/Archive 7 - June 2" 1503: 457:The ProofreadPage extension in action 1846:Server admin log for August 23, 2005 1815:"God's Word, According to Knowledge" 1751: 1740: 1360:from the original on 31 October 2013 36: 3382:Aggregation-based digital libraries 1827:from the original on April 16, 2009 1618:at MediaWiki. Retrieved 2011-09-29. 1124:was created on August 26, 2005, by 557: 24: 3291:Academic journal publishing reform 1998:Anderson, Jennifer Joline (2011). 1813:Philips, Matthew (June 14, 2008). 1397:Data:Knowledge statistics/data.tab 1294:Data:Knowledge statistics/meta.tab 574:Wikisource collects and stores in 408: 25: 3418: 2253:Knowledge community (Wikipedians) 2136: 1933:from the original on 13 July 2011 1075: 1955:; for a formatted list, see the 1395:. Retrieved September 2024 from 1354:"Transcribe | Citizen Archivist" 1292:. Retrieved September 2024 from 1209:Bibliothèque nationale de France 159: 145: 41: 2592:Monkey selfie copyright dispute 2121:from the original on 2011-09-13 2098: 2080: 2051: 2040:from the original on 2011-10-08 2022: 1991: 1980:from the original on 2010-08-12 1966: 1945: 1902:from the original on 2015-04-02 1888: 1877:from the original on 2015-04-02 1863: 1851: 1839: 1783:. O'Reilly Media, Inc. p.  1770: 1729:from the original on 2011-07-09 1711: 1700:from the original on 2011-07-13 1678: 1667:from the original on 2008-01-17 1649: 1633: 1621: 1609: 1570:from the original on 2013-11-10 1556: 1545:from the original on 2013-10-15 1519:from the original on 2022-04-09 1486:from the original on 2022-04-09 1453:from the original on 2018-11-20 1423:from the original on 2016-03-14 1566:. Wikisource.org. 2005-08-27. 1530: 1497: 1464: 1434: 448: 13: 1: 2162:Knowledge:List of Wikisources 1264: 1223:optical character recognition 544:Six Months at the White House 493: 65:secondary or tertiary sources 27:Free online library on a wiki 2656:Knowledge for World Heritage 2577:WikiConference North America 1595:. Springer. pp. 22–24. 1537:Starling, Tim (2004-07-23). 1441:The Cunctator (2001-10-16). 1411:The Cunctator (2001-10-16). 1328:. No Starch Press. pp.  1248:– non-profit digital library 1147: 634: 355:The original Wikisource logo 7: 3306:Comparison of ebook readers 2598:Wikimedia Foundation v. NSA 2294:Rosie Stephenson-Goodknight 1642:discussion on Scriptorium. 1239: 10: 3423: 2696: 2525:List of Wikimedia chapters 2167:Wikisource:For Wikipedians 549:Francis Bicknell Carpenter 521:On November 27, 2005, the 338: 29: 3283: 3221: 3138: 3129: 2995: 2857: 2764: 2757: 2704: 2614: 2512: 2417: 2312: 2261: 2245: 2238: 1207: 261: 243: 235: 227: 213: 205: 195: 184: 172: 153: 144: 3331:iBooks Author Conference 2179:Danny Wool on Wikisource 1777:Broughton, John (2008). 1616:Proofread Page extension 1192:Richard Elliott Friedman 3028:Atlantis Word Processor 2968:OverDrive Media Console 2779:Barnes & Noble Nook 2440:Censorship of Knowledge 1921:"Wikisource Statistics" 1234:Wikimedian in residence 618:, has the capacity for 604:other digital libraries 531:first Wikisource Portal 405:) until July 23, 2004. 191:(77 active sub-domains) 2870:Adobe Digital Editions 2636:Wikimedian of the Year 2320:Hampton Lintorn-Catlin 1169: 571: 547:, a memoir by painter 511: 508:New Law College (Pune) 458: 424:—was at the project's 403:http://wikisource.org/ 356: 249:; 20 years ago 247:November 24, 2003 52:relies excessively on 3397:Multilingual websites 3326:Electronic publishing 2069:on September 29, 2011 1196:University of Georgia 1172:Knowledge co-founder 1167: 1116:http://wikisource.org 565: 528:On May 10, 2006, the 501: 456: 354: 2824:Plastic Logic Reader 2651:Google and Knowledge 2572:WikiConference India 2232:Wikimedia Foundation 2183:Wikimedia Foundation 1752:Boot, Peter (2009). 1694:Wikimedia Foundation 1661:Wikimedia Foundation 434:list of translations 291:Wikimedia Foundation 200:Wikimedia Foundation 32:Knowledge:Wikisource 3361:Semantic publishing 3351:Reflowable document 3151:Amazon Kindle Store 1976:. Wikiversity.org. 1953:Category:Main Pages 1657:"Mission statement" 1324:How Knowledge Works 640:Language subdomains 426:multilingual portal 262:Current status 141: 3407:Wikimedia projects 3161:Barnes & Noble 2829:PocketBook eReader 2729:Kindle File Format 2630:Knowledge Monument 2520:Wikimedia movement 2502:Abstract Knowledge 2435:List of Wikipedias 2279:Dariusz Jemielniak 2274:Lisa Seitz-Gruwell 2092:Knowledge Signpost 1644:English Wikisource 1170: 620:annotated editions 572: 523:English Wikisource 512: 459: 357: 295:Project Sourceberg 289:, operated by the 139: 3369: 3368: 3279: 3278: 3249:Project Gutenberg 3208:Sony Reader Store 3156:Baen Free Library 3146:Apple Books Store 3091:Oxygen XML Editor 3071:iStudio Publisher 3057:Help & Manual 2991: 2990: 2918:Google Play Books 2884: 2664: 2663: 2452:Wikimedia Commons 2413: 2412: 2335:Florence Devouard 2284:Rebecca MacKinnon 2191:by Angela Beesley 2015:978-1-61714-812-5 2004:. 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1017:794,454 1014:201,253 1006:Italian 980:246,276 952:775,942 949:400,926 946:252,928 924:109,244 912:467,692 904:Chinese 890:149,240 878:551,805 847:628,950 844:575,734 822:123,058 810:623,306 802:Russian 768:English 702:Language 244:Launched 239:Optional 3284:Related 3131:Vendors 3038:Calibre 3008:AbiWord 2996:Editing 2948:Lucifox 2913:Foliate 2903:Calibre 2849:Tablets 2784:Bookeen 2766:Devices 2758:Reading 2724:CBR/CBZ 2706:Formats 2615:Related 2555:Ukraine 2430:history 2262:Current 1330:435–436 1215:Gallica 1126:ThomasV 1108:Volapük 1060:68,175 1048:84,213 1040:Arabic 1026:73,641 992:40,615 972:Hebrew 958:18,088 870:French 856:84,564 836:German 828:33,028 794:16,210 754:38,371 734:Polish 504:project 415:iceberg 393:of the 369:Nupedia 339:History 252: ( 101:scholar 3259:Canada 3181:Google 2963:Okular 2938:Lector 2928:Kitabu 2875:Aldiko 2698:Ebooks 2545:Polska 2540:Israel 2239:People 2197:(Meta) 2012:  1791:  1760:  1640:"100K" 1599:  1336:  1252:Libgen 1066:4,043 896:3,663 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