466:. Some of the party's leaders were ready to accept the Bloc's programme, however the latter required that they publicly repudiate the PSM as "centrist" and "social democratic". Despite its claimed independence, the decision of the communist-dominated Bloc to forego an alliance with the socialists mirrored the Comintern ban on collaboration with social-democrats imposed on the French and English communist parties, instituted in February 1928. Nevertheless, the PSM decided not to designate candidates, and called on supporters to vote for the Bloc's list. During the campaign, the party called for unification of the trade union movement. With its campaigning severely curtailed by the PNŢ-led government, the socialists-supported Bloc was only able to obtain 1.4% of the national vote. In contrast, the PNŢ in alliance with the PSDR obtained 77.76%, resulting in 9 MP seats for the Social-Democrats. After the Bloc refused another alliance offer, the PSMR, unable to raise sufficient funds, decided not to participate in the local elections of 1930, calling the workers to
885:
351:, whose foremost representative in Romania was considered the National Liberal Party. The document further condemned PSDR's collaboration with the Peasants' Party, and criticised its position asserting social revolution would be possible in Romania only after the success of socialism in Western Europe. At the same meeting, a Committee of the Bucharest section was elected and tasked to work with militants from
315:, on the other side, only served to heighten the conflict. Consequently, the Executive Committee dissolved the leadership of the Bucharest section at the end of May. Furthermore, Ghelerter, himself a member of the Executive Committee, was expelled from the PSDR in July, accused of criticising the alliance with the Peasants' Party as well as protecting and encouraging communist elements within his section.
269:(PNL), and its ban on local collaboration with communist-influenced organisations, resulted in tensions between the central leadership and the Bucharest section. After calls to subordination issued in March–April were ignored, the direct confrontation that took place in May between
318:
On July 15, 1928, a day after the PSDR appointed a new leadership for its
Bucharest section, Ghelerter called on a meeting of his supporters. In the presence of a large number of former members of the section, as well as representatives from major industrial centres from the
410:. Nevertheless, it was never able to establish a significant presence in the territories incorporated in Romania in the aftermath of World War I. For most of its existence, its main strongholds were Bucharest and the
414:, an important industrial region in southern Romania. Soon after foundation, the PSMR was also joined by other important figures from the PSDR, the Peasant Workers' Bloc and the local trade unions, such as
202:, with PSR members which had only supported an affiliation preserving party autonomy either leaving or being expelled at the request of the Comintern. The latter group, known as "unitarian", created a new
824:
Auf der Suche nach politischen
Handlungsspielräumen: Die Diskussion um die Strategie der Partei in den regionalen und lokalen Organisationen der badischen Sozialdemokratie zwischen 1890 und 1914
206:(PS) in early 1922, after some of its leaders were freed from detention. While initially adopting the radical 1919 program of the PSR, the party toned down its rhetoric after joining the minor
1383:
234:
485:
429:
was the secretary of the party. Other key leaders of the party included
Zaharia Tănase, Vasile Anagnoste, C. Mănescu and Mihail Moraru. Geographically the party was divided in
1691:
1601:
1231:
415:
1686:
1565:
866:
387:
wreaked havoc, the party argued that the time was ripe for revolution. It also called for end to censorship and repression and advocated salary increases,
419:
1946:
950:
303:
253:(PSDR) in 1927 however meant the loss of PS’s autonomy, with decisions on electoral alliances falling within the competence of the national leadership.
1388:
299:
1951:
1580:
945:
1368:
1363:
915:
844:
282:
73:
955:
1956:
1535:
1393:
1941:
324:
237:
sections of the FPSR, the
Socialist Party of the Old Kingdom maintained a more leftist orientation, being more open to cooperation with the
1813:
1489:
1196:
930:
920:
250:
171:
1905:
1681:
1606:
1252:
970:
198:
its leadership, accused of conspiracy against state security. The supporters of the unconditional affiliation reformed themselves as the
1936:
1226:
230:
308:
287:
1752:
1742:
1459:
1378:
1287:
1282:
859:
215:
1931:
1616:
1469:
925:
398:
The party slowly expanded its territorial base, already at the end of July 1928 enrolling the support of groups of workers from
1848:
1818:
1706:
1611:
1464:
1353:
1211:
1155:
990:
935:
266:
1221:
1216:
1631:
905:
832:
577:
541:
1454:
1277:
910:
875:
481:
September 26–27, 1931, at which the name of the party was changed to the
Independent Socialist Party of Romania (P.S.I.R).
114:
1838:
1403:
1373:
1323:
1267:
1061:
940:
852:
249:
of the PCdR – the latter having been banned by the
Romanian government in 1924. The transformation of the FPSR into the
1626:
1575:
1338:
1040:
900:
1873:
1868:
1666:
1555:
1010:
874:
1762:
1757:
1737:
1732:
1519:
1423:
1160:
980:
489:
388:
1318:
1413:
1116:
1863:
1808:
1727:
1449:
975:
455:
433:-level federations, each consisting of a number of local sections. The party organized a number of independent
1767:
1636:
1257:
1175:
1025:
1020:
1015:
1206:
1656:
1514:
1494:
1201:
241:(PCdR). Thus, the Bucharest section successfully ran in the 1925 local elections on a common list with the
90:
425:
The party was led by a
Central Executive Committee. Litman Ghelerter served as the chairman of the party.
1783:
1661:
1646:
1641:
1499:
1484:
262:
175:
1833:
1803:
1509:
1408:
1343:
1328:
1272:
1091:
1081:
238:
222:
groups that had left the original PSR in early
February, dissatisfied with the growing strength of the
199:
187:
1651:
1560:
1439:
1398:
1170:
1111:
1101:
1056:
1035:
1030:
995:
965:
395:. Moreover, it favoured land reform, expropriating lands from large landowners without compensation.
1701:
1570:
1550:
1358:
1348:
1165:
459:
242:
1843:
1479:
1292:
1858:
1711:
1676:
1671:
1621:
1540:
1297:
1076:
471:
820:
567:
1828:
1823:
1798:
1333:
1313:
1121:
1096:
1071:
1066:
270:
1878:
1793:
1747:
1504:
1474:
1444:
1180:
320:
211:
119:
347:, it called on the peasantry to follow the lead of the working class in its struggle with
8:
1910:
430:
191:
109:
1000:
960:
246:
261:
During early 1928, the PSDR decision to run on a common platform with the centre-left
1853:
985:
828:
573:
537:
332:
135:
1788:
384:
426:
295:
46:
1900:
822:
745:
728:
693:
531:
159:
1106:
278:
1585:
1005:
411:
344:
274:
1925:
1696:
821:
Hans-Joachim
Franzen; Heiner Wilharm; Herbert Heftner; Klaus P. Beer (1987).
442:
340:
1126:
467:
463:
380:
281:, representing the Executive Committee, on one side, and the local leaders
1247:
1086:
434:
407:
364:
352:
1545:
447:
392:
348:
478:
360:
309:
288:
223:
219:
167:
95:
484:
On August 24, 1933 PSIR merged with the
Socialist Party of Romania (
399:
356:
323:, the meeting adopted a manifesto authored by Ghelerter, Voitec and
1883:
747:
Documente Hunedorene din istoria mișcării revoluționare, 1920–1944
1262:
884:
879:
458:, the PSM extended an official invitation for cooperation to the
376:
163:
99:
403:
218:(FPSR). The Federation had been constituted in June 1921 by the
438:
379:
doctrines, the PSMR called for peace between Romania and the
174:, formed by a minority that opposed the cooperation with the
743:
488:), a splinter group of Social Democratic Party, forming the
805:
790:
775:
760:
726:
674:
659:
644:
716:. Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică. pp. 212–213.
634:. Editura Ştiinţifică şi Enciclopedică. pp. 211–212.
533:
Enciclopedia partidelor politice din România, 1859–2003
443:
International Bureau of Revolutionary Socialist Parties
186:
Following the decision of the May 1922 Congress of the
1687:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
1566:
National Italo-Romanian Cultural and Economic Movement
569:
Stânga politică din România în anii crizei (1929–1933)
737:
714:
Mişcarea muncitorească din România în anii 1924–1928
632:
Mişcarea muncitorească din România în anii 1924–1928
610:
Mişcarea muncitorească din România în anii 1921–1924
595:
Mişcarea muncitorească din România în anii 1921–1924
170:
on 15 July 1928, as a leftist splinter group of the
445:. The central organ of the party was the newspaper
814:
720:
565:
83:(Renamed) Independent Socialist Party of Romania
1923:
85:Later the merged with Socialist Party of Romania
956:Federation of the Jewish Communities in Romania
795:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Dacia. pp. 152–153.
765:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Dacia. pp. 138–140.
194:(Comintern), the Romanian authorities arrested
711:
707:
705:
629:
607:
592:
561:
559:
557:
555:
553:
327:. The manifesto announced the creation of the
140:Partidul Socialist al Muncitorilor din România
27:Partidul Socialist al Muncitorilor din România
916:Christian Democratic National Peasants' Party
860:
625:
623:
621:
619:
525:
1814:Federation of Socialist Parties from Romania
1369:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1990–2001)
1364:Romanian Social Democratic Party (1927–1948)
931:Democratic Alliance of Hungarians in Romania
921:Community of the Lipovan Russians in Romania
698:. Universității București. 1977. p. 89.
523:
521:
519:
517:
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
470:by writing "Down with the terror! Long live
1682:National Democratic Hungarian-Szekler Party
1607:Bratstvo Community of Bulgarians in Romania
971:Justice and Respect in Europe for All Party
808:Electoratul din România în anii interbelici
793:Electoratul din România în anii interbelici
778:Electoratul din România în anii interbelici
763:Electoratul din România în anii interbelici
702:
675:Ion Felea; Florian Tănăsescu, eds. (1980).
660:Ion Felea; Florian Tănăsescu, eds. (1980).
645:Ion Felea; Florian Tănăsescu, eds. (1980).
572:. Editura Mica Valahie. pp. 137, 310.
550:
529:
451:, which began publishing on July 29, 1928.
1947:International Revolutionary Marxist Centre
867:
853:
810:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Dacia. p. 166.
780:. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Dacia. p. 145.
750:. Intreprinderea poligrafica. p. 471.
616:
190:(PSR) to unconditionally affiliate to the
152:Partidul Socialist Independent din România
677:Dr. L. Ghelerter. Scrieri social-politice
662:Dr. L. Ghelerter. Scrieri social-politice
647:Dr. L. Ghelerter. Scrieri social-politice
502:
474:! Long live Socialism!" on their ballot.
367:towards calling a country-wide Congress.
1952:Political parties disestablished in 1933
1738:Union of Patriots/National Popular Party
951:Democratic Union of Turkic-Muslim Tatars
695:Analele Universității București: Istorie
216:Federation of Romanian Socialist Parties
744:Ion Frățilă; Nicolae Wardegger (1971).
1924:
1819:Front of Socialist Unity and Democracy
946:Democratic Union of Slovaks and Czechs
936:Democratic Forum of Germans in Romania
148:Independent Socialist Party of Romania
1957:Political parties established in 1928
1632:General Jewish Labour Bund in Romania
1490:National Peasants' Party–Alexandrescu
1139:
848:
806:S. Cutişteanu; Gh. I. Ioniţă (1981).
791:S. Cutişteanu; Gh. I. Ioniţă (1981).
776:S. Cutişteanu; Gh. I. Ioniţă (1981).
761:S. Cutişteanu; Gh. I. Ioniţă (1981).
727:Mihail Rusenescu; Ioan Saizu (1979).
612:. Editura Politică. pp. 140–141.
597:. Editura Politică. pp. 132–133.
536:. Editura Meronia. pp. 135–136.
1942:Defunct socialist parties in Romania
335:, opposed to any collaboration with
1839:National Liberal Ecologist Alliance
1384:Social Democratic Party of Bukovina
1374:Romanian Socialist Democratic Party
1324:Democratic National Salvation Front
1268:National Democratic Christian Party
1062:Alliance for the Union of Romanians
991:Renewing Romania's European Project
730:Viața politică în România 1922–1928
688:
686:
679:. Editura Politică. pp. 90–91.
664:. Editura Politică. pp. 85–87.
649:. Editura Politică. pp. 74–77.
339:parties, seen as supporters of the
13:
1197:Alliance of Liberals and Democrats
251:Social Democratic Party of Romania
210:in August 1922, to constitute the
132:Socialist Workers Party of Romania
49:, Vasile Anagnoste, Zaharia Tănase
24:Socialist Workers Party of Romania
14:
1968:
1937:1933 disestablishments in Romania
1869:Social Democratic Pole of Romania
1556:National-Christian Defense League
1733:Ecologist Union of Romania Party
1470:Democratic Peasants' Party–Stere
1404:Social Protection People's Party
1394:Social Democratic Workers' Party
1227:National Liberal Party–Tătărescu
911:Bulgarian Union of Banat–Romania
883:
733:. Editura Politică. p. 136.
683:
462:, calling for the creation of a
389:collective bargaining agreements
1465:Democratic Peasants' Party–Lupu
1414:Socialist Party of Transylvania
1354:People's Party – Dan Diaconescu
1222:National Liberal Party–Câmpeanu
1217:National Liberal Party–Brătianu
799:
784:
769:
754:
437:. In 1929 the party joined the
1932:1928 establishments in Romania
1864:Romanian Democratic Convention
1809:Democratic Group of the Centre
1667:Jewish National People's Party
1288:Progressive Conservative Party
668:
653:
638:
601:
586:
385:world financial crisis of 1929
343:. Affirming its commitment to
26:
1:
1753:Party of Young Free Democrats
1743:National Reconstruction Party
1637:Group of Transylvanian Saxons
1520:Transylvanian Peasants' Party
1319:Communist Party (Nepeceriști)
1258:Conservative-Democratic Party
1176:Romanian National Unity Party
1016:Social Liberal Humanist Party
495:
370:
256:
181:
1763:Republican Party (1990–1993)
1758:Republican Party (1993–2004)
1617:Democratic Union of the Roma
1202:Free and Independent Faction
1156:Democratic Nationalist Party
926:Cultural Union of Ruthenians
375:Expressing its adherence to
7:
1784:Alliance for Romanian Unity
1662:Jewish Democratic Committee
1612:Cultural Union of Albanians
1450:Bessarabian Peasants' Party
1140:
166:. The party was founded in
10:
1973:
1834:Justice and Truth Alliance
1804:Christian Liberal Alliance
1460:Democratic Peasants' Party
1344:Party of Social Solidarity
1329:Democratic Party of Labour
1283:People's Party (2005–2006)
1273:National Renaissance Front
906:Association of Macedonians
566:Marin C. Stănescu (2002).
477:PSMR held a conference in
239:Communist Party of Romania
204:Socialist Party of Romania
188:Socialist Party of Romania
1906:List of political parties
1896:
1849:People's Democratic Front
1776:
1768:Transylvania–Banat League
1720:
1594:
1561:National Fascist Movement
1528:
1515:Socialist Peasants' Party
1455:Democratic Agrarian Party
1432:
1399:Socialist Party of Labour
1306:
1278:People's Party (1918–1938
1240:
1189:
1171:National Union from Banat
1148:
1135:
1112:Romanian Nationhood Party
1102:National Rebirth Alliance
1057:Alliance for the Homeland
1049:
996:Romanian Nationhood Party
893:
265:(PNŢ) against the ruling
200:Socialist Communist Party
105:
89:
79:
69:
61:
53:
41:
33:
21:
1707:Ukrainian Workers' Party
1702:Ukrainian National Party
1647:Hungarian People's Union
1642:Hungarian People's Party
1602:Autonomous Swabian Party
1576:National Socialist Party
1571:National Romanian Fascio
1551:National Christian Party
1485:National Peasants' Party
1379:Romanian Socialist Party
1359:Romanian Communist Party
1339:National Salvation Front
1117:Romanian Socialist Party
941:Democratic Turkish Union
827:. P. Lang. p. 136.
331:as a party dedicated to
329:Socialist Workers' Party
263:National Peasants' Party
176:National Peasants' Party
1874:Social Democratic Union
1510:Radical Peasants' Party
1480:National Agrarian Party
1419:Socialist Workers Party
1389:Social Democratic Party
1293:Romanian National Party
1082:People's Movement Party
1041:Union of the Ukrainians
1011:Social Democratic Party
901:Association of Italians
712:M. C. Stănescu (1981).
630:M. C. Stănescu (1981).
608:M. C. Stănescu (1971).
593:M. C. Stănescu (1971).
454:In preparation for the
208:Social Democratic Party
172:Social Democratic Party
74:Social Democratic Party
1859:Right Romania Alliance
1844:National Union PSD+PUR
1712:Union of Romanian Jews
1692:People's Council Party
1541:Crusade of Romanianism
1424:United Socialist Party
1212:National Liberal Party
1207:Liberal Union–Brătianu
1161:Democratic Union Party
1077:Nation People Together
981:National Liberal Party
490:United Socialist Party
267:National Liberal Party
139:
1829:Hungarian German Bloc
1824:Green Ecologist Party
1799:Centre Right Alliance
1627:German People's Party
1349:Peasant Workers' Bloc
1314:Banat Socialist Party
1122:The Right Alternative
1097:Greater Romania Party
1067:Greater Romania Party
460:Peasant Workers' Bloc
456:1928 general election
243:Peasant Workers' Bloc
146:), later renamed the
1879:Social Liberal Union
1794:Centre Left Alliance
1748:Party of Free Change
1500:Peasants' Party–Lupu
1475:League Against Usury
1445:Agrarian Union Party
1263:Constitutional Party
1181:United Romania Party
530:Ioan Scurtu (2003).
212:Romanian Old Kingdom
1911:Politics of Romania
1728:Ecological Movement
976:League of Albanians
341:class-based society
192:Third International
110:Politics of Romania
1253:Conservative Party
1050:Extraparliamentary
1026:Union of Croatians
1021:Union of Armenians
1001:Save Romania Union
961:Force of the Right
422:or Iancu Iliescu.
416:Constantin Mănescu
393:8 hour working day
247:front organization
1919:
1918:
1892:
1891:
1854:Red Quadrilateral
1657:Italian Community
1505:Ploughmen's Front
1298:Vlad Țepeș League
986:Party of the Roma
876:Political parties
834:978-3-631-47735-9
579:978-973-85884-1-7
543:978-973-8200-54-8
468:cancel their vote
333:social revolution
128:
127:
115:Political parties
80:Succeeded by
1964:
1143:
1137:
1136:
888:
887:
869:
862:
855:
846:
845:
839:
838:
818:
812:
811:
803:
797:
796:
788:
782:
781:
773:
767:
766:
758:
752:
751:
741:
735:
734:
724:
718:
717:
709:
700:
699:
690:
681:
680:
672:
666:
665:
657:
651:
650:
642:
636:
635:
627:
614:
613:
605:
599:
598:
590:
584:
583:
563:
548:
547:
527:
314:
311:
300:Vasile Anagnoste
293:
290:
271:Lothar Rădăceanu
45:Leon Ghelerter,
19:
18:
1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1961:
1922:
1921:
1920:
1915:
1901:Portal:Politics
1888:
1789:Alliance PSD+PC
1772:
1716:
1652:Hungarian Union
1595:Ethnic minority
1590:
1581:Romanian Action
1524:
1495:Peasants' Party
1440:Agrarian League
1428:
1409:Socialist Party
1302:
1236:
1185:
1144:
1141:
1131:
1092:Ecologist Party
1045:
889:
882:
873:
843:
842:
835:
819:
815:
804:
800:
789:
785:
774:
770:
759:
755:
742:
738:
725:
721:
710:
703:
692:
691:
684:
673:
669:
658:
654:
643:
639:
628:
617:
606:
602:
591:
587:
580:
564:
551:
544:
528:
503:
498:
420:Dumitru Gănescu
373:
306:
285:
259:
214:section of the
184:
160:political party
124:
98:
84:
70:Split from
57:15 July 1928
29:
28:
25:
17:
16:Political party
12:
11:
5:
1970:
1960:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1939:
1934:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1903:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1887:
1886:
1881:
1876:
1871:
1866:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1846:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1821:
1816:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1715:
1714:
1709:
1704:
1699:
1694:
1689:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1664:
1659:
1654:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1604:
1598:
1596:
1592:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1586:Romanian Front
1583:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1563:
1558:
1553:
1548:
1543:
1538:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1525:
1523:
1522:
1517:
1512:
1507:
1502:
1497:
1492:
1487:
1482:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1452:
1447:
1442:
1436:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1427:
1426:
1421:
1416:
1411:
1406:
1401:
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1351:
1346:
1341:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1310:
1308:
1304:
1303:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1290:
1285:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1265:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1237:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1219:
1214:
1209:
1204:
1199:
1193:
1191:
1187:
1186:
1184:
1183:
1178:
1173:
1168:
1166:National Party
1163:
1158:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1129:
1124:
1119:
1114:
1109:
1104:
1099:
1094:
1089:
1084:
1079:
1074:
1069:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1051:
1047:
1046:
1044:
1043:
1038:
1036:Union of Serbs
1033:
1031:Union of Poles
1028:
1023:
1018:
1013:
1008:
1006:S.O.S. Romania
1003:
998:
993:
988:
983:
978:
973:
968:
966:Hellenic Union
963:
958:
953:
948:
943:
938:
933:
928:
923:
918:
913:
908:
903:
897:
895:
891:
890:
872:
871:
864:
857:
849:
841:
840:
833:
813:
798:
783:
768:
753:
736:
719:
701:
682:
667:
652:
637:
615:
600:
585:
578:
549:
542:
500:
499:
497:
494:
412:Prahova Valley
372:
369:
345:class struggle
304:Zaharia Tănase
283:Leon Ghelerter
275:Ilie Moscovici
258:
255:
183:
180:
126:
125:
123:
122:
117:
112:
106:
103:
102:
93:
87:
86:
81:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
63:
59:
58:
55:
51:
50:
43:
39:
38:
35:
31:
30:
23:
22:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1969:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1938:
1935:
1933:
1930:
1929:
1927:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1898:
1895:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1877:
1875:
1872:
1870:
1867:
1865:
1862:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1852:
1850:
1847:
1845:
1842:
1840:
1837:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1827:
1825:
1822:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1800:
1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
1785:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1713:
1710:
1708:
1705:
1703:
1700:
1698:
1697:Swabian Group
1695:
1693:
1690:
1688:
1685:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1663:
1660:
1658:
1655:
1653:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1608:
1605:
1603:
1600:
1599:
1597:
1593:
1587:
1584:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1562:
1559:
1557:
1554:
1552:
1549:
1547:
1544:
1542:
1539:
1537:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1527:
1521:
1518:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1508:
1506:
1503:
1501:
1498:
1496:
1493:
1491:
1488:
1486:
1483:
1481:
1478:
1476:
1473:
1471:
1468:
1466:
1463:
1461:
1458:
1456:
1453:
1451:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1435:
1431:
1425:
1422:
1420:
1417:
1415:
1412:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1402:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1350:
1347:
1345:
1342:
1340:
1337:
1335:
1332:
1330:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1311:
1309:
1305:
1299:
1296:
1294:
1291:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1279:
1276:
1274:
1271:
1269:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1243:
1239:
1233:
1232:Radical Party
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1218:
1215:
1213:
1210:
1208:
1205:
1203:
1200:
1198:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1179:
1177:
1174:
1172:
1169:
1167:
1164:
1162:
1159:
1157:
1154:
1153:
1151:
1147:
1138:
1134:
1128:
1125:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1048:
1042:
1039:
1037:
1034:
1032:
1029:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1019:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
992:
989:
987:
984:
982:
979:
977:
974:
972:
969:
967:
964:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
947:
944:
942:
939:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
912:
909:
907:
904:
902:
899:
898:
896:
894:Parliamentary
892:
886:
881:
877:
870:
865:
863:
858:
856:
851:
850:
847:
836:
830:
826:
825:
817:
809:
802:
794:
787:
779:
772:
764:
757:
749:
748:
740:
732:
731:
723:
715:
708:
706:
697:
696:
689:
687:
678:
671:
663:
656:
648:
641:
633:
626:
624:
622:
620:
611:
604:
596:
589:
581:
575:
571:
570:
562:
560:
558:
556:
554:
545:
539:
535:
534:
526:
524:
522:
520:
518:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
506:
501:
493:
491:
487:
482:
480:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
452:
450:
449:
444:
440:
436:
432:
428:
427:Ștefan Voitec
423:
421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
396:
394:
390:
386:
382:
378:
368:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
330:
326:
322:
316:
312:
305:
301:
297:
296:Ştefan Voitec
291:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
254:
252:
248:
244:
240:
236:
232:
231:Transylvanian
227:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
193:
189:
179:
177:
173:
169:
165:
161:
157:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
121:
118:
116:
113:
111:
108:
107:
104:
101:
97:
94:
92:
88:
82:
78:
75:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
47:Ştefan Voitec
44:
40:
36:
32:
20:
1677:Magyar Party
1672:Jewish Party
1622:German Party
1536:Citizen Bloc
1418:
1241:Conservative
1127:Volt Romania
1107:Noua Dreaptă
823:
816:
807:
801:
792:
786:
777:
771:
762:
756:
746:
739:
729:
722:
713:
694:
676:
670:
661:
655:
646:
640:
631:
609:
603:
594:
588:
568:
532:
483:
476:
464:united front
453:
446:
435:trade unions
424:
397:
381:Soviet Union
374:
336:
328:
317:
279:Ioan Flueraş
260:
228:
207:
203:
195:
185:
155:
151:
147:
143:
131:
129:
34:Abbreviation
1334:Labor Party
1248:Civic Force
1149:Nationalist
1087:PRO Romania
1072:Green Party
486:C. Popovici
325:Petre Zissu
321:Old Kingdom
307: [
286: [
229:Unlike the
1926:Categories
1546:Iron Guard
496:References
448:Proletarul
371:Activities
349:capitalism
257:Foundation
182:Background
1777:Alliances
1529:Far-right
1307:Left-wing
383:. As the
337:bourgeois
226:faction.
224:communist
220:reformist
168:Bucharest
158:), was a
120:Elections
96:Socialism
62:Dissolved
1884:USR PLUS
1433:Agrarian
408:Ploieşti
391:and the
365:Botoşani
353:Ploieşti
310:Wikidata
289:Wikidata
235:Bukovina
196:en masse
136:Romanian
91:Ideology
42:Founders
1190:Liberal
1142:Defunct
880:Romania
479:Câmpina
441:-based
377:Marxist
361:Câmpina
164:Romania
100:Marxism
54:Founded
831:
576:
540:
431:county
400:Galaţi
363:, and
357:Galaţi
302:, and
277:, and
1721:Other
472:Bujor
439:Paris
313:]
292:]
829:ISBN
574:ISBN
538:ISBN
406:and
404:Iaşi
245:, a
233:and
156:PSIR
144:PSMR
130:The
65:1933
37:PSMR
878:in
162:in
1928::
704:^
685:^
618:^
552:^
504:^
492:.
418:,
402:,
359:,
355:,
298:,
294:,
273:,
178:.
154:,
142:,
138::
868:e
861:t
854:v
837:.
582:.
546:.
150:(
134:(
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