Scotch-Irish Americans

5449:"William Pattent was at worke at James Minders and one night as I was at worke Mr Matt: Scarbrough came into the house of sd Minders and sett down by me as I was at work, the sd Minder askt him if he came afoot, he made answer again and sd he did, saying that man, meaning me, calling me Rogue makes me goe afoot, also makes it his business to goe from house to house to ruinate me, my Wife and Children for ever. I made answer is it I Mr. Scarbrough(?) and he replyed and said ay you, you Rogue, for which doing ile whip you and make my Wife whipp to whipp you, and I answered if ever I have abused (you) at any time, or to any bodies hearing, I will give you full satisfaction to your own Content. (At which Scarbrough said) You Scotch Irish dogg it was you, with that he gave me a blow on the face saying it was no more sin to kill me then to kill a dogg, or any Scotch Irish dogg, giving me another blow in the face. now saying goe to yr god that Rogue and have a warrant for me and I will answer it." Wm. Patent 2233: 5370:...the character traits associated with "being Irish", in the minds of Protestant Americans, continue to resonate with the rhetoric of the American Revolution and with the emphases of evangelical Christianity. In all three contexts— Scotch-Irishness, the American Revolution, and evangelical Christianity— there is an emphasis on rugged individualism and autonomy, on having the courage to stand up for what you believe, and on opposition to hierarchical authority. The result is that...claiming an Irish identity is a way for contemporary Protestant Americans to associate themselves with the values of the American Revolution, or, if you will, a way of using ethnicity to 'be American.' 2687: 1774: 1054: 2524: 2355: 2068: 1136: 2955: 2184: 1894: 1821: 2327: 1420:, and the Congress placed a tax on whiskey (among other things) to help repay those debts. Large producers were assessed a tax of six cents a gallon. Smaller producers, many of whom were Scottish (often Scotch-Irish) descent and located in the more remote areas, were taxed at a higher rate of nine cents a gallon. These rural settlers were short of cash to begin with, and lacked any practical means to get their grain to market, other than fermenting and distilling it into relatively potable spirits. 2908: 1119: 2695: 1563:

Cultural values espousing individual autonomy and self-reliance within a strong kinship structure are related to Scotch-Irish quilting techniques. Prominent features of these quilts include: 1) blocks pieced in a repeating pattern but varied by changing figure-ground relationships and, at times, obscured by the use of same-value colors and adjacent print fabrics, 2) lack of contrasting borders, and 3) a unified all-over quilting pattern, typically the "fans" design or rows of concentric arcs.

1097: 3904: 900:, a leading Irish politician of the time). The fear this caused in Ireland unleashed a wave of massacres against Protestant English and Scottish settlers, mostly in Ulster, once the rebellion had broken out. All sides displayed extreme cruelty in this phase of the war. Around 4000 settlers were massacred and a further 12,000 may have died of privation after being driven from their homes. This, along with Irish Catholic refugees fleeing, caused Ireland's population to drop by 25%. 4024:

West maintained the characteristics of an immigrant church with Scotch-Irish roots, emphasized the Westminster standards, used only the psalms in public worship, was Sabbatarian, and was strongly abolitionist and anti-Catholic. In the 1850s it exhibited many evidences of assimilation. It showed greater ecumenical interest, greater interest in evangelization of the West and of the cities, and a declining interest in maintaining the unique characteristics of its Scotch-Irish past.

1079: 3648: 3487: 2161: 2092: 2298: 3209: 1998: 3834: 3393: 2021: 3510: 795:, a region that had seen centuries of conflict. In the near constant state of war between England and Scotland during the Middle Ages, the livelihood of the people on the borders was devastated by the contending armies. Even when the countries were not at war, tension remained high, and royal authority in one or the other kingdom was often weak. The uncertainty of existence led the people of the borders to seek security through a system of family ties, similar to the 3671: 3625: 3602: 2138: 2115: 3278: 2862: 1847: 1930: 3439: 3810: 3416: 2816: 2044: 1711:, by Kory L. Meyerink and Loretto Dennis Szucs, the following were the countries of origin for new arrivals coming to the United States before 1790. The regions marked * were part of, or ruled by, the Kingdom of Great Britain (the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after 1801). The ancestry of the 3,929,326 population in 1790 has been estimated by various sources by sampling last names in the 1790 census and assigning them a country of origin. 3140: 1789: 3694: 3255: 3857: 491: 3301: 2839: 3786: 3556: 3463: 3347: 3232: 3186: 3117: 3025: 2885: 2793: 2207: 1975: 1918: 1870: 3880: 1807: 3763: 3324: 3048: 2931: 2770: 2724: 4045: 2747: 2979: 3579: 3370: 3094: 3163: 3002: 1952: 3717: 2268: 811: 3740: 3533: 3071: 1364:

whatever name you may, only call it not an American rebellion; it is nothing more or less than a Scotch Irish Presbyterian rebellion." A British major general testified to the House of Commons that "half the rebel Continental Army were from Ireland". Mecklenburg County, North Carolina, with its large Scotch-Irish population, was to make the first declaration for independence from Britain in the

1167:, especially after 1718, were Scotch-Irish and many place names as well as the character of Northern New Englanders reflect this fact. The Scotch-Irish brought the potato with them from Ireland (although the potato originated in South America, it was not known in North America until brought over from Europe). In Maine it became a staple crop as well as an economic base. 4648:, in May 1729. Roosevelt praised "Irish Presbyterians" as "a bold and hardy race". However, he is also the man who said: "But a hyphenated American is not an American at all. This is just as true of the man who puts "native"* before the hyphen as of the man who puts German or Irish or English or French before the hyphen." (*Roosevelt was referring to " 5092:(New York: Broadway Books, 2004), front flap: 'More than 27 million Americans today can trace their lineage to the Scots, whose bloodline was stained by centuries of continuous warfare along the border between England and Scotland, and later in the bitter settlements of England's Ulster Plantation in Northern Ireland.' 681:, but resumed after 1783, with total of 100,000 arriving in America between 1783 and 1812. By that point few were young servants and more were mature craftsmen, and they settled in industrial centers, including Pittsburgh, Philadelphia and New York, where many became skilled workers, foremen and entrepreneurs as the 1554:(two rooms per floor with chimneys on both ends) was common among the gentry in Ulster. Scotch-Irish immigrants brought it over in the 18th century and it became a common floor plan in Tennessee, Kentucky, and elsewhere. Stone houses were difficult to build, and most pioneers relied on simpler log cabins. 5216:

became the customary term to describe Protestants of Irish descent. By adopting this new identity, Irish Protestants in America dissociated themselves from Irish Catholics... The famine migration of the 1840s and '50s that sent waves of poor Irish Catholics to the United States together with the rise

1147:

Scholarly estimate is that over 200,000 Scotch-Irish migrated to the Americas between 1717 and 1775. As a late-arriving group, they found that land in the coastal areas of the British colonies was either already owned or too expensive, so they quickly left for the more mountainous interior where land

925:

to defend the Scottish settlers there from the Irish rebels who had attacked them after the outbreak of the rebellion. The original intention of the Scottish army was to re-conquer Ireland, but due to logistical and supply problems, it was never in a position to advance far beyond its base in eastern

660:

has been adopted in order to maintain a distinction from the native Irish Gaels while retaining a claim to the North of Ireland). However, as one scholar observed in 1944, "in this country , where they have been called Scotch-Irish for over two hundred years, it would be absurd to give them a name by

411:

of the 1840s, that the descendants of the earlier arrivals began to commonly call themselves "Scotch-Irish" to distinguish themselves from the newer, poor, predominantly Catholic immigrants. At first, the two groups had little interaction in America, as the Scots-Irish had become settled many decades

5207:

was more widely used to identify both Catholic and Protestant Irish. As long as the Protestants comprised the majority of the emigrants, as they did until the 1830s, they were happy to be known simply as Irish. But as political and religious conflict between Catholics and Protestants both in Ireland

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After their arrival in the New World, the predominantly Presbyterian Scotch-Irish began to move further into the mountainous back-country of Virginia and the Carolinas. The establishment of many settlements in the remote back-country put a strain on the ability of the Presbyterian Church to meet the

1571:

Montgomery (2006) analyzes the pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammatical distinctions of today's residents of the mountain South and traces patterns back to their Scotch-Irish ancestors. However, Crozier (1984) suggests that only a few lexical characteristics survived Scotch-Irish assimilation into

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was strong. The area experienced two main settlement periods of Scotch-Irish. During the 1750s–1760s, second- and third-generation Scotch-Irish Americans moved from Pennsylvania, Virginia, and North Carolina. This particular group had large families, and as a group they produced goods for themselves

4137:

More than one-third of all U.S. presidents had substantial ancestral origins in the northern province of Ireland (Ulster). President Bill Clinton spoke proudly of that fact, and his own ancestral links with the province, during his two visits to Ulster. Like most U.S. citizens, most U.S. presidents

4018:

While the larger Presbyterian Church was a mix of Scotch-Irish and Yankees from New England, several smaller Presbyterian groups were composed almost entirely of Scotch-Irish, and they display the process of assimilation into the broader American religious culture. Fisk (1968) traces the history of

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The iron and steel industry developed rapidly after 1830 and became one of the dominant factors in industrial America by the 1860s. Ingham (1978) examined the leadership of the industry in its most important center, Pittsburgh, as well as smaller cities. He concludes that the leadership of the iron

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The Paxton Boys' leaders received information, which they believed credible, that "hostile" tribes were receiving information and support from the "friendly" tribe of Susquehannock (Conestoga) settled in Lancaster County, who were under the protection of the Pennsylvania government. On December 14,

608:

Some historians describe these immigrants as "Ulster Irish" or "Northern Irish". It is true that many sailed from the province of Ulster ... part of much larger flow which drew from the lowlands of Scotland, the north of England, and every side of the Irish Sea. Many scholars call these people

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in 1858. It became the Associate Reformed Synod of the West and remains centered in the Midwest. It withdrew from the parent body in 1820 because of the drift of the eastern churches toward assimilation into the larger Presbyterian Church with its Yankee traits. The Associate Reformed Synod of the

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region. The new wave of Catholic Irish settled primarily in port cities such as Boston, New York, Charleston, Chicago, Memphis and New Orleans, where large immigrant communities formed and there were an increasing number of jobs. Many of the new Irish migrants also went to the interior in the 19th

7720:

Highly influential economic interpretation; online at JSTOR through most academic libraries. Their Celtic interpretation says Scots-Irish resembled all other Celtic groups; they were warlike herders (as opposed to peaceful farmers in England), and brought this tradition to America. James Webb has

351:

according to James Leyburn, "is an Americanism, generally unknown in Scotland and Ireland, and rarely used by British historians". It became common in the United States after 1850. The term is somewhat ambiguous because some of the Scotch-Irish have little or no Scottish or Irish ancestry at all:

1529:

collected hundreds of folk songs in the region, and observed that the musical tradition of the people "seems to point to the North of England, or to the Lowlands, rather than the Highlands, of Scotland, as the country from which they originally migrated. For the Appalachian tunes...have far more

1363:

In contrast to the Scottish Highlanders, the Scotch-Irish were generally ardent supporters of American independence from Britain in the 1770s. In Pennsylvania, Virginia, and most of the Carolinas, support for the revolution was "practically unanimous". One Hessian officer said, "Call this war by

617:

Fischer prefers to speak of "borderers" (referring to the historically war-torn England-Scotland border) as the population ancestral to the "backcountry" "cultural stream" (one of the four major and persistent cultural streams from Ireland and Britain which he identifies in American history). He

3979:

had no higher education requirement for their clergy to be ordained, and these groups readily provided ministers to meet the demand of the growing Scotch-Irish settlements. By about 1810, Baptist and Methodist churches were in the majority, and the descendants of the Scotch-Irish today remain

1562:

Scotch-Irish quilters in West Virginia developed a unique interpretation of pieced-block quilt construction. Their quilts embody an aesthetic reflecting Scotch-Irish social history—the perennial condition of living on the periphery of mainstream society both geographically and philosophically.

4145:

Clinton is one of at least seventeen Chief Executives descended from emigrants to the United States from Ulster. While many of the presidents have typically Ulster-Scots surnames – Jackson, Johnson, McKinley, Wilson – others, such as Roosevelt and Cleveland, have links which are less obvious.

1399:

Just prior to the Revolution, a second stream of immigrants came directly from Ireland via Charleston. This group was forced to move into an underdeveloped area because they could not afford expensive land. Most of this group remained loyal to the Crown or neutral when the war began. Prior to

1533:

Similarly, elements of mountain folklore trace back to events in the Lowlands of Scotland. As an example, it was recorded in the early 20th century that Appalachian children were frequently warned, "You must be good or Clavers will get you." To the mountain residents, "Clavers" was simply a

1270:. The Scotch-Irish were frequently in conflict with indigenous tribes, and did most of the fighting on the frontier from New Hampshire to the Carolinas. The Scots-Irish also became the middlemen who handled trade and negotiations between indigenous tribes and the colonial governments. 1431:, the western counties engaged in a campaign of harassment of the federal tax collectors. "Whiskey Boys" also conducted violent protests in Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina, and Georgia. This civil disobedience eventually culminated in armed conflict in the 1714:

According to the Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups (Thernstrom, S 1980, "Irish," p. 528), there were 400,000 Americans of Irish birth or ancestry in 1790; half of these were descended from Ulster, and half were descended from other provinces in Ireland.

4126:, but since the 1840s it has been uncommon for a Protestant politician in America to be identified as Irish, but rather as "Scotch-Irish". In Canada, by contrast, Irish Protestants remained a cohesive political force well into the 20th century, identified with the 954:

were one-third the population of Ireland, but three-quarters of all emigrants leaving from 1700 to 1776; 70% of these Protestants were Presbyterians. Other factors contributing to the mass exodus of Ulster Scots to America during the 18th century were a series of

685:

took off in the U.S. Another half million came to America 1815 to 1845; another 900,000 came in 1851–99. While settling in the new world evolved Scotch-Irish culture, what the settlers brought is the basis of what has been and is referred to as American culture.

669:

From 1710 to 1775, over 200,000 people settled from Ulster to the original thirteen American colonies. The largest numbers went to Pennsylvania. From that base some went south into Virginia, the Carolinas and across the South, with a large concentration in the

7000:

Thompson, Joseph E., "American Policy and Northern Ireland: A Saga of Peacebuilding", Praeger (March 30, 2001), p. 2, and Howe, Stephen, "Ireland and Empire: Colonial Legacies in Irish History and Culture", Oxford University Press, USA (March 14, 2002), p.

316:

in the 1630s, many chose to immigrate to North America, where religious liberty was greater. Later attempts to force the Church of England's control over dissident Protestants in Ireland led to further waves of immigration to the transatlantic colonies.

1293:. Indigenous attacks occurred within 60 miles of Philadelphia, and in July 1763 the Pennsylvania Assembly authorized the raising of a 700-strong militia to be used only for defense. Formed into two units of rangers, the Cumberland Boys and the 906:'s figure of 37,000 Protestants massacred is far too high, perhaps by a factor of ten; certainly more recent research suggests that a much more realistic figure is roughly 4,000 deaths. In one notorious incident, the Protestant inhabitants of 3984:

in the Upper South in the 18th century. He emphasizes the high educational standards they sought, their "geotheological thought worlds" brought from the old country, and their political independence that was transferred to frontier religion.

5545:

Areas of English settlement in County Londonderry, north Armagh, south-west Antrim and Fermanagh support the assumption that most non-Presbyterian British were of English stock. In places these "English" settlers included Welsh and Manx

4883:

39th president, 1977–1981: Some of Carter's paternal ancestors originated from County Antrim, County Londonderry and County Armagh and some of his maternal ancestors originated from County Londonderry, County Down, and County Donegal.

514:. The use of "Scotch" as an adjective has been dropped in the UK and Ireland where it is now more commonly regarded as offensive, but remains in use in the U.S. in place names, names of plants, breeds of dog, a type of tape, a type of 1239:, and their Presbyterian churches. Chester, Lancaster, and Dauphin counties became their strongholds, and they built towns such as Chambersburg, Gettysburg, Carlisle, and York; the next generation moved into western Pennsylvania. 934:

in 1646. After the war was over, many of the soldiers settled permanently in Ulster. Another major influx of Scots into Ulster occurred in the 1690s, when tens of thousands of people fled a famine in Scotland to come to Ireland.

4001:

Presbyterian ministers. The college became the educational as well as religious capital of Scotch-Irish America. By 1808, loss of confidence in the college within the Presbyterian Church led to the establishment of the separate

1497:(b. Ulster; 1813–1908) left Ireland in 1823 and became the founder of the famous Mellon clan, which played a central role in banking and industries such as aluminum and oil. As Barnhisel (2005) finds, industrialists such as 5245:, Dietz Press, 2004, p. 32; "...250,000 people left for America between 1717 and 1800...20,000 were Anglo-Irish, 20,000 were Gaelic Irish, and the remainder Ulster-Scots or Scotch-Irish...", Blethen, H.T. & Wood, C.W., 5508:

This the Grahams did not grasp, and the government swept down on them with a measure for transplanting them to Ireland, where James's epoch-making Plantation of Ulster was transforming the landscape. A tax was levied on

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1763, about fifty Paxton Boys rode to Conestoga Town, near Millersville, Pennsylvania, and murdered six Conestogas. Pennsylvanian authorities placed the remaining fourteen Conestogas in protective custody in the

4477:

21st president, 1881–1885: His succession to the Presidency after the death of Garfield was the start of a quarter-century in which the White House was occupied by men of Ulster-Scots origins. His family left

1513:

Archeologists and folklorists have examined the folk culture of the Scotch-Irish in terms of material goods, such as housing, as well as speech patterns and folk songs. Much of the research has been done in

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the Associate Reformed Church in the Old Northwest from its formation by a union of Associate and Reformed Presbyterians in 1782 to the merger of this body with the Seceder Scotch-Irish bodies to form the

4917: 1207:

Most Scotch-Irish landed in Philadelphia. Without much cash, they moved to free lands on the frontier, becoming the typical western "squatters", the frontier guard of the colony, and what the historian

1170:

From 1717 for the next thirty or so years, the primary points of entry for the Ulster immigrants were Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and New Castle, Delaware. The Scotch-Irish radiated westward across the

293:, 5.39 million (1.7% of the population) reported Scottish ancestry, an additional 3 million (0.9% of the population) identified more specifically with Scotch-Irish ancestry, and many people who claim " 636:

Many have claimed that such a distinction should not be used, and that those called Scotch-Irish are simply Irish, despite having previously come from Scotland or England. Other Irish limit the term

4122:. The Irish Protestant vote in the U.S. has not been studied as much as that of the Catholic Irish. In the 1820s and 1830s, Jackson supporters emphasized his Irish background, as did supporters of 1439:

accompanied 13,000 soldiers from Carlisle to Bedford, Pennsylvania, where plans were completed to suppress the western Pennsylvania insurrection, and he returned to Philadelphia in his carriage.

613:. That expression is an Americanism, rarely used in Britain and much resented by the people to whom it was attached. "We're no Eerish bot Scoatch," one of them was heard to say in Pennsylvania. 1490:

and steel industry nationwide was "largely Scotch-Irish". Ingham finds that the Scotch-Irish held together cohesively throughout the 19th century and "developed their own sense of uniqueness".

5203:

The term had been in use during the eighteenth century to designate Ulster Presbyterians who had emigrated to the United States. From the mid-1700s through the early 1800s, however, the term

861:

onto land cleared of native Irish by private landlords chartered by James. This process was accelerated with James's official plantation in 1609, and further augmented during the subsequent

4596:, he was proud of his ancestry and addressed one of the national Scotch-Irish congresses held in the late 19th century. His second term as president was cut short by an assassin's bullet. ( 1408:

resulted in anti-British sentiment in a bitterly divided region. While many individuals chose to take up arms against the British, the British themselves forced the people to choose sides.

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An example, showing the usage of Scotch as an adjective, in the 4th edition of Encyclopædia Britannica, Edinburgh, Scotland (1800), and modernized to Scottish in the 7th edition (1829).

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roots. He describes them as being quite different from Gaelic-speaking groups such as the Scottish Highlanders or Irish (that is, Gaelic-speaking and predominantly Roman Catholic).

1148:

could be obtained less expensively. Here they lived on the first frontier of America. Early frontier life was challenging, but poverty and hardship were familiar to them. The term

308:. Many left for North America, but over 100,000 Scottish Presbyterians still lived in Ulster in 1700. Many English-born settlers of this period were also Presbyterians. When King 5712: 7209: 432:

developed in the late 19th century as a relatively recent version of the term. Two early citations include: 1) "a grave, elderly man of the race known in America as 'Scots-Irish

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Though remaining politically distinct, Scotland, England (considered at the time to include Wales, annexed in 1535), and Ireland came to be ruled by a single monarch with the

1404:'s march into the backcountry in 1780, two-thirds of the men among the Waxhaw settlement had declined to serve in the army. The British massacre of American prisoners at the 1016:

of 17th and 18th century Ireland. For this reason, up until the 19th century, and despite their common fear of Irish Catholics, there was considerable disharmony between the

989:, became the majority among the Protestant settlers in the province of Ulster. However, the Presbyterians and other dissenters, along with Catholics, were not members of the 693:, there were 400,000 U.S. residents of Irish birth or ancestry in 1790 and half of this group was descended from Ulster, and half from the other three provinces of Ireland. 1070:

2013–2017 5-Year Estimates. Counties where Scotch-Irish and American ancestry are statistically overrepresented relative to the United States as a whole are in dark orange.

3959:. These Calvinist groups mingled freely in church matters, and religious belief was more important than nationality, as these groups aligned themselves against both their 4548:

23rd president, 1889–1893: His mother, Elizabeth Irwin, had Ulster-Scots roots through her two great-grandfathers, James Irwin and William McDowell. Harrison was born in

1242:

With large numbers of children who needed their own inexpensive farms, the Scotch-Irish avoided areas already settled by Germans and Quakers and moved south, through the

1277:

leaders had made no provision for a militia, Scotch-Irish settlements were frequently destroyed and the settlers killed, captured or forced to flee after attacks by the

9089: 562:, commented in 1723 that "great numbers of Irish (who usually call themselves Scotch-Irish) have transplanted themselves and their families from the north of Ireland". 1088:

ancestry according to the U.S. Census Bureau. States where Irish ancestry is statistically overrepresented relative to the United States as a whole are in full green.

4490:, in 1815. There is now an interpretive centre, alongside the Arthur Ancestral Home, devoted to his life and times. (20th vice president of the United States, 1881; 6817: 838:

as ruler of England and Ireland. In addition to the unstable border region, James also inherited Elizabeth's conflicts in Ireland. Following the end of the Irish

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The first trickle of Scotch-Irish settlers arrived in New England. Valued for their fighting prowess as well as for their Protestant dogma, they were invited by

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28th president, 1913–1921: Of Ulster-Scots descent on both sides of the family, his roots were very strong and dear to him. He was grandson of a printer from

6252:, Oxford University Press, USA (March 14, 1989), p. 606; "...early immigration was small,...but it began to surge in 1717.", Blethen, H.T. & Wood, C.W., 5722: 4767: 4260: 1020:

and the Protestant Ascendancy in Ulster. As a result of this, many Ulster-Scots, along with Catholic native Irish, ignored religious differences to join the

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according to the Pew Research Center. States where Protestants are statistically overrepresented relative to the United States as a whole are in vivid blue.

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commander who served two terms as president. Grant visited his ancestral homeland in 1878. The home of John Simpson still stands in County Tyrone. (Acting

1387:

One exception to the high level of patriotism was the Waxhaw settlement on the lower Catawba River along the North Carolina-South Carolina boundary, where

744:

Because of the proximity of the islands of Britain and Ireland, migrations in both directions had been occurring since Ireland was first settled after the

6269:

Rev. A. L. Perry, Scotch-Irish in New England:Taken from The Scotch-Irish in America: Proceedings and Addresses of the Second Congress at Pittsburgh,1890.

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were enthusiastic supporters of the American Revolution, and thus were soon thought of as Americans, not as Scotch-Irish; and so they regarded themselves.

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Finding the coast already heavily settled, most groups of settlers from the north of Ireland moved into the "western mountains", where they populated the

1308:

In February 1764, the Paxton Boys with a few hundred backcountry settlers, primarily Scotch-Irish, marched on Philadelphia with the intent of killing the

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families to Ireland to bring peace to the Anglo-Scottish border country, and also to provide fighting men who could suppress the native Irish in Ireland.

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Major scholarly study tracing colonial roots of four groups of immigrants, Irish, English Puritans, English Cavaliers, and Quakers; see pp. 605–778.

6735: 6847: 1481:, which professes how these traits may manifest themselves in conservative voting patterns and religious affiliation that characterizes the Bible Belt. 5234: 4330: 596: 6795: 6152: 1199:. The typical migration involved small networks of related families who settled together, worshipped together, and intermarried, avoiding outsiders. 846:

in 1607, James embarked in 1609 on a systematic plantation of English and Scottish Protestant settlers to Ireland's northern province of Ulster. The

281:'s northernmost province) to the United States during the 18th and 19th centuries. Their ancestors had originally migrated to Ulster, mainly from the 5513:

to pay for their removal, "to the intent their lands may be inhabited by others of good and honest conversation". Three boat-loads of them left from

4311: 1379:

in 1780, resulting in the British abandonment of a southern campaign, and for some historians "marked the turning point of the American Revolution".

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33rd president, 1945–1953: Of Ulster-Scots descent on both sides of the family. (34th vice president of the United States, 1945; U.S. Senator from

4318: 1477:(1998), Vann argues that these traits have left their imprint on the Upland South. In 2008, Vann followed up his earlier work with a book entitled 436:" (1870); and 2) "Dr. Cochran was of stately presence, of fair and florid complexion, features which testified his Scots-Irish descent" (1884). In 9421: 6973: 4921: 4852: 4196: 1250:

from Lancaster, through Gettysburg, and down through Staunton, Virginia, to Big Lick (now Roanoke), Virginia. Here the pathway split, with the

4700: 633:: "Ulster Presbyterians – known as the 'Scotch Irish' – were already accustomed to being on the move, and clearing and defending their land." 4188: 2679:

As of 2020, the distribution of self-identified Scotch-Irish Americans across the 50 states and DC is as presented in the following table:

590:, Scotch-Irish, some few English families, and unbelieving Israelites." Its citations include examples after that into the late 19th century. 5813: 533:, quotes Mr. Patent as saying he was told by Scarbrough that "it was no more sin to kill me then to kill a dogg, or any Scotch Irish dogg". 325:

The term is first known to have been used for Scottish Catholics in Ireland. In a letter of April 14, 1573, in reference to descendants of "

9026: 8074: 4979: 4763: 4435: 4378: 4326: 4322: 555:

stance that, "They call themselves Scotch-Irish ... and the bitterest railers against the church that ever trod upon American ground."

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This term continued in usage for over a century before the earliest known American reference appeared in a Maryland affidavit in 1689–90.

9031: 5289: 4856: 4561: 4502: 4020: 8877: 7496:(1999), the best place to start—the most authoritative source, with essays by over 200 experts, covering both Catholic and Protestants. 4537: 5602: 8503: 4821: 4817: 4385: 4275: 4271: 4127: 4006:, but for many decades Presbyterian control over Princeton College continued. Meanwhile, Princeton Seminary, under the leadership of 1329: 190: 9094: 1159:

and other leaders to come over to help settle and secure the frontier. In this capacity, many of the first permanent settlements in

400:

in this case). That said, the large ethnic Scottish element in the Plantation of Ulster gave the settlements a Scottish character.

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in anti-Catholicism intensified this attitude. In no way did Irish Protestants want to be identified with these ragged newcomers.

4479: 4384:, 1865; U.S. Senator from Tennessee, 1857–1862 & 1875; 15th Governor of Tennessee, 1853–1857; U.S. House Representative from 4062: 3939:. Many of the settlers in the Plantation of Ulster had been from dissenting and non-conformist religious groups which professed 1333: 885: 9436: 7501:

The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World: 1689-1764

7046: 4825: 4720: 4192: 178: 7252: 6224: 807:, these families relied on their own strength and cunning to survive, and a culture of cattle raiding and thievery developed. 7983: 7917: 7895: 7523: 7467: 7428: 7388: 7223: 6736: 6522: 6104: 5363: 4925: 4843:

37th president, 1969–1974: The Nixon ancestors left Ulster in the mid-18th century; the Quaker Milhous family ties were with

4653: 4613: 4609: 4605: 4601: 4338: 2535:

suggests that the true number of people with some Scotch-Irish heritage in the United States is in the region of 27 million.

1736: 352:

numerous dissenter families had also been transplanted to Ulster from northern England, in particular the border counties of

304:

is used primarily in the United States, with people in Great Britain or Ireland who are of a similar ancestry identifying as

17: 5140: 9446: 7443: 4864: 1152:

has often been applied to their descendants in the mountains, carrying connotations of poverty, backwardness and violence.

1103: 174: 4608:, 1885–1887; U.S. House Representative from Ohio's 18th congressional district, 1883–1884; U.S. House Representative from 529:

is undoubtedly older. An affidavit of William Patent, dated March 15, 1689, in a case against a Mr. Matthew Scarbrough in

422: 8707: 6737:

American Council of Learned Societies. Committee on Linguistic and National Stocks in the Population of the United States

4712: 4533: 4381: 1539: 926:

Ulster. The Covenanter force remained in Ireland until the end of the civil wars but was confined to its garrison around

6938:

William L. Fisk, "The Associate Reformed Church in the Old Northwest: A Chapter in the Acculturation of the Immigrant",

6809: 7887: 7832: 7801: 7767: 7741: 7246: 6496:

Peter N. Moore (2006), "The Local Origins of Allegiance in Revolutionary South Carolina: The Waxhaws as a Case Study",

5940: 5881: 5538: 5327: 5319: 5262: 5196: 4778: 4708: 4439: 4279: 4245: 1125: 1262:

Because the Scotch-Irish settled the frontier of Pennsylvania and western Virginia, they were greatly affected by the

7851: 7655: 7640: 7625: 7610: 7595: 7538: 7508: 7486: 7403: 7373: 7299: 7281: 7266: 6892:

The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World

6057: 5614: 5501: 5097: 4751: 4661: 4617: 4565: 4491: 4447: 4407: 4084: 3998: 1110:. States where Catholics are statistically overrepresented relative to the United States as a whole are in vivid red. 6287:

Russell M. Reid, "Church Membership, Consanguineous Marriage, and Migration In a Scotch-Irish Frontier Population",

8810: 8067: 7932: 7546: 6174: 4967: 4913: 4314: 1502: 822:

indicated by a heavy black border across the island that separates six of the Ulster counties from the other three.

540:

The earliest is a report in June 1695, by Sir Thomas Laurence, Secretary of Maryland, that "In the two counties of

194: 6392:

James E. Doan, "How the Irish and Scots Became Indians: Colonial Traders and Agents and the Southeastern Tribes",

6379:(1972) pp 90-109; Toby Joyce, "'The Only Good Indian Is a Dead Indian': Sheridan, Irish-America and the Indians", 544:

and Somerset, where the Scotch-Irish are numerous, they clothe themselves by their linen and woolen manufactures."

9206: 6746: 6120: 4744: 4657: 4010:, originated a conservative theology that in large part shaped Fundamentalist Protestantism in the 20th century. 403:

Upon arrival in North America, these migrants at first usually identified simply as Irish, without the qualifier

8870: 8803: 7357: 7320: 7011: 6563:

Audrey J. Horning, "Myth, Migration, and Material Culture: Archeology and the Ulster Influence on Appalachia",

5355: 5208:

and the United States became more frequent, and as Catholic emigrants began to outnumber Protestants, the term

5026: 4704: 4431: 4264: 4103: 4066: 4033: 4003: 1388: 7072: 4110:, including three whose parents were born in Ulster. Three presidents had at least one parent born in Ulster: 9079: 8797: 7311: 6839: 6353:

Edwin Thomas Schock, Jr., "Historiography of the Conestoga Massacre through Three Centuries of Scholarship",

4941: 4820:, 1955–1961; U.S. Senate Minority Leader, 1953–1955; U.S. Senate Majority Whip, 1951–1953; U.S. Senator from 4616:, 1879–1881; U.S. House Representative from Ohio's 17th congressional district, 1877–1879; Union Army Brevet 4526: 4443: 4225: 4222: 4218: 4211: 1393: 1357: 869:

Kingdoms to collapse into civil war was Ireland where, prompted in part by the anti-Catholic rhetoric of the

182: 8720: 3980:

predominantly Baptist or Methodist. Vann (2007) shows the Scotch-Irish played a major role in defining the

910:

were taken captive and then massacred on the bridge in the town. The settlers responded in kind, as did the

9057: 8834: 8047: 7668: 7420: 6256:, North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 2005, p. 22; "Between 1718 and 1775", Griffin, Patrick, 5682: 4912:

41st president, 1989–1993: Of Ulster-Scots ancestry. (43rd vice president of the United States, 1981–1989;

4885: 4204: 2523: 1578:(1989) estimated the influence of Ulster Scots on Upland South dialects of American English to be greater. 1341: 911: 839: 5736: 4656:, in this context) (25th vice president of the United States, 1901; 33rd Governor of New York, 1899–1900; 1254:

taking settlers west into Tennessee and Kentucky, while the main road continued south into the Carolinas.

506:", including people, until the early 19th century, when it was replaced by the word "Scottish". People in 9052: 8841: 8060: 7759: 7733: 7694: 6843: 6813: 6148: 5823: 5654: 5315: 5147: 4829: 4786: 4625: 4573: 4462: 4455: 3935:

The Scotch-Irish immigrants to North America in the 18th century were initially defined in part by their

1724: 1521:

The border origin of the Scotch-Irish is supported by study of the traditional music and folklore of the

1416:

In the 1790s, the new American government assumed the debts the individual states had amassed during the

1064: 942:

throughout the 18th century (between 1717 and 1770 alone, about 250,000 settled in what would become the

541: 6810:"Table B04006 - People Reporting Ancestry - 2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, All States" 9441: 9323: 9084: 8995: 8924: 5489: 5254: 5249:, North Carolina Division of Archives and History, 2005, p. 22; "more than 100,000", Griffin, Patrick, 4957: 4771: 4294:), "Old Buck" cherished his origins: "My Ulster blood is a priceless heritage". His father was born in 2517: 1542:, called "Bloody Clavers" by the Presbyterian Scottish Lowlanders whose religion he tried to suppress. 1417: 1021: 857:

The first major influx of Scots and English into Ulster had come in 1606 during the settlement of east

7148:"Our first black president plays up his Scots-Irish heritage — and it has everything to do with Trump" 1751:

immigration quotas in the 1920s (i.e. how much of the annual immigrant quota would be allotted to the

9426: 8863: 8767: 8631: 8605: 8161: 7576:

Keller, Kenneth W. "The Origins of Ulster Scots Emigration to America: A Survey of Recent Research."

6712: 5036: 4945: 4929: 4897: 4893: 4872: 4860: 4832: 4597: 4291: 4240:

11th president, 1845–1849: His ancestors were among the first Ulster-Scots settlers, emigrating from

2237: 1783: 1747:. The government required accurate estimates of the origins of the population as basis for computing 1744: 1538:

used to keep children in line, yet unknown to them the phrase derives from the 17th century Scotsman

1465:

and to use them, helped shape the American identity. In the same year that Webb's book was released,

1067: 530: 290: 5795: 5286: 1320:. Following negotiations the Paxton Boys agreed to disperse and submit their grievances in writing. 9351: 5928: 5924: 5873: 5869: 5393:

John Sherry, "Scottish Presbyterian networks in Ulster and the Irish House of Commons, 1692–1714."

5006: 4964: 4692: 4466: 4459: 4215: 1779: 1748: 1376: 1317: 1305:

workhouse, but the Paxton Boys broke in, killing and mutilating all fourteen on December 27, 1763.

1209: 938:

A few generations after arriving in Ireland, considerable numbers of Ulster-Scots emigrated to the

6602:

Carolyn Murray-Wooley, "Stone Houses of Central Kentucky: Dwellings of Ulster Gentry, 1780-1830",

6578:

English Folk Songs from the Southern Appalachians, Comprising 122 Songs and Ballads, and 323 Tunes

4790: 661:

which they are not known here. ... Here their name is Scotch-Irish; let us call them by it."

9451: 9388: 9378: 8745: 8042: 7824: 7633:

West From Shenandoah: A Scotch-Irish Family Fights for America, 1729–1781, A Journal of Discovery

7459: 6200:"Evangelical Protestants - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics" 5238: 5118: 5069: 5016: 4794: 4774: 4665: 4621: 4569: 4451: 4229: 4200: 4055: 1365: 1302: 1025: 874: 7291:

Ireland and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History : a Multidisciplinary Encyclopedia

6742:

Report of the Committee on Linguistic and National Stocks in the Population of the United States

6145:"B04006 – PEOPLE REPORTING SINGLE ANCESTRY 2013-2017 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 888:

to raise an army manned by Irish Catholics to put down the Covenanter movement in Scotland, the

9383: 9255: 9164: 9144: 8818: 7884:

In Search of Ulster Scots Land: The Birth and Geotheological Imagings of a Transatlantic People

5046: 4747: 4393: 4366: 1479:

In Search of Ulster Scots Land: The Birth and Geotheological Imagings of a Transatlantic People

1457:(2004) to suggest that the character traits he ascribes to the Scotch-Irish such as loyalty to 1337: 889: 862: 8738: 7289: 6740: 6225:"Mainline Protestants - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics" 5932: 5918: 5863: 5668: 4290:

15th president, 1857–1861: Born in a log cabin (which has been relocated to his old school in

1763:). The final report estimated about 10% of the U.S. population in 1790 had ancestral roots in 1530:

affinity with the normal English folk-tune than with that of the Gaelic-speaking Highlander."

1332:

contained 56 delegate signatures. Of the signers, eight were of Irish descent. Two signers,

1297:, the militia soon exceeded their mandate and began offensive forays against Lenape villages. 1053: 8731: 8577: 8520: 8418: 8311: 8216: 7449: 6668: 6407:

Peaceable Kingdom Lost: The Paxton Boys and the Destruction of William Penn's Holy Experiment

5562: 5493: 5229: 4782: 4696: 4498: 4267: 4176: 2490: 1551: 1263: 1135: 1009: 792: 682: 601: 475:

is how people of Scots origin refer to themselves in Scotland, the traditional English usage

437: 413: 338: 153: 35: 8913: 7571: 6840:"Table B04006 - People Reporting Ancestry - 2020 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates" 9393: 9366: 8968: 8958: 8932: 8639: 8515: 8408: 8344: 8326: 8236: 8221: 7410: 7354:

American Catholics in the Protestant Imagination: Rethinking the Academic Study of Religion

6690: 5406: 5348:

American Catholics in the Protestant Imagination: Rethinking the Academic Study of Religion

4889: 4691:

circa 1640 (where his father, Richard Robert Taft, also died in 1700), before migrating to

4529: 4184: 3994: 2960: 2588: 1899: 1728: 1428: 1360:, were the sons or grandsons of Irish immigrants, and at least McKean had Ulster heritage. 1188: 1029: 994: 914:, with attacks on the Irish civilian population. Massacres of native civilians occurred at 881: 847: 548: 309: 8: 9361: 9356: 9291: 9067: 8725: 8700: 8383: 8331: 8316: 8266: 8156: 8142: 7152: 7132: 6980: 6228: 6203: 6178: 5686: 4674: 4649: 3993:

In 1746, the Scotch-Irish Presbyterians created the College of New Jersey, later renamed

2539: 2506: 2272: 1811: 1172: 1124:

U.S. states where self-identified Irish Americans are overrepresented by self-identified

1107: 1102:

U.S. states where self-identified Irish Americans are overrepresented by self-identified

843: 827: 769: 721: 678: 305: 270: 210: 42: 7866:

The Invisible Irish: Finding Protestants in the Nineteenth-Century Migrations to America

7663: 7336: 4978:

44th president, 2009–2017: Of Scots-Irish ancestry on mother's side. (U.S. Senator from

4418:

18th president, 1869–1877: The home of his maternal great-grandfather, John Simpson, at

1493:

New immigrants after 1800 made Pittsburgh a major Scotch-Irish stronghold. For example,

9335: 9286: 9271: 9266: 9233: 9191: 9169: 9062: 8659: 8525: 8493: 8488: 8478: 8468: 8452: 8423: 8413: 8393: 8373: 8287: 8246: 8211: 8127: 8097: 8083: 7953: 7711: 7414: 7340: 7332: 7175: 5910: 5855: 5308: 5273:, Genealogical Publishing Co (1944), p. 41; "300,000", Barck, O.T. & Lefler, H.T., 5031: 4996: 4808:

36th president, 1963–1969: Of Ulster-Scots ancestry with patrilineal descent traced to

4631: 4427: 4208: 4131: 3815: 1825: 1461:, extreme mistrust of governmental authority and legal strictures, and a propensity to 1401: 1224: 990: 907: 831: 800: 729: 725: 717: 671: 641: 587: 499: 408: 407:. It was not until a century later, following the surge in Irish immigration after the 242: 214: 206: 7817: 6073: 9371: 9330: 9223: 9218: 9213: 9198: 9159: 9154: 9139: 9121: 9109: 9036: 8937: 8908: 8823: 8670: 8620: 8566: 8561: 8556: 8546: 8530: 8510: 8498: 8483: 8447: 8433: 8428: 8388: 8378: 8357: 8337: 8321: 8297: 8292: 8256: 8241: 8231: 8190: 8148: 8134: 7979: 7957: 7913: 7891: 7847: 7828: 7797: 7763: 7737: 7651: 7636: 7621: 7606: 7591: 7534: 7519: 7504: 7482: 7463: 7424: 7399: 7384: 7369: 7344: 7295: 7277: 7262: 7219: 6750: 6518: 6100: 5946: 5936: 5906: 5887: 5877: 5851: 5818: 5610: 5534: 5497: 5482: 5359: 5323: 5192: 5093: 5041: 5011: 4960: 4907: 4868: 4803: 4543: 4472: 2520:, 4.3 million Americans (1.5% of the U.S. population) claimed Scotch-Irish ancestry. 2232: 1498: 1436: 1432: 1405: 1349: 1313: 1243: 1228: 1060: 1002: 998: 931: 814:

A Map of Ireland. The counties are indicated by thin black lines, including those in

776: 552: 397: 393: 313: 294: 282: 250: 246: 226: 41:

This article is about American descendants of Ulster Scots. For ancestral group, see

8352: 7990:

Novelistic approach; special attention to his people's war with English in America.

7516:

Emigrants, Sails, and Scholars: A Comprehensive Review of Scots-Irish Historiography

7287: 7114:

Cultures of the world: selections from the ten-volume encyclopedia of world cultures

7050: 6669:"U.S. Federal Census :: United States Federal Census :: US Federal Census" 5587:

Patrick Fitzgerald, "The Scotch-Irish & the Eighteenth-Century Irish Diaspora".

5113: 9308: 9303: 9298: 9074: 8990: 8963: 8903: 8898: 8886: 8757: 8612: 8585: 8551: 8473: 8282: 8251: 8226: 8185: 8166: 8107: 7993: 7945: 7703: 7685: 7453: 7324: 7238: 6175:"Catholics - Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics" 5188: 4579: 4512: 4413: 4389: 3956: 3468: 2913: 2686: 2073: 1820: 1773: 1756: 1752: 1574: 1372: 1309: 1267: 1247: 1246:, and through the Blue Ridge Mountains into Virginia. These migrants followed the 986: 897: 819: 653: 373: 368:, and the southeast of England, and others were Protestant religious refugees from 286: 147: 143: 6925:

Thomas Jefferson Wertenbaker, "The College of New Jersey and the Presbyterians",

6768: 6615:

Fawn Valentine, "Aesthetics and Ethnicity: Scotch-Irish Quilts in West Virginia",

1727:

produced official estimates of the colonial American population with roots in the

510:

refer to themselves as Scots, as a noun, or adjectivally/collectively as Scots or

9243: 9181: 9131: 8983: 8694: 8678: 8625: 8571: 8439: 8398: 8261: 8195: 8102: 7812: 7793: 7785: 7309:

Carroll, Michael P. (Winter 2006). "How the Irish Became Protestant in America".

7180: 6128: 6063:, Legacies UK history local to you, website of the BBC. Accessed 17 December 2007 5576:

The Scotch-Irish: or the Scot in North Britain, North Ireland, and North America,

5021: 4983: 4797: 4757: 4684: 4668: 4400: 4374: 4123: 3936: 2331: 1829: 1740: 1505:

constituted the "Scots-Irish Presbyterian ruling stratum of Pittsburgh society".

1353: 1251: 1085: 1017: 974: 939: 866: 559: 522: 511: 238: 31: 7598:) Short, popular chronicle; he has several similar books on geographical regions 6879:

The Scotch-Irish: or the Scot in North Britain, North Ireland, and North America

5169: 3971:

new demand for qualified, college-educated clergy. Religious groups such as the

9228: 9174: 9114: 9003: 8644: 8177: 7975: 7751: 7725: 7689: 7234: 7215: 5713:"6 times it's OK to use the word Scotch and why you don't want to get it wrong" 4951: 4848: 4726: 4637: 4506: 4495: 4362: 4344: 4299: 4285: 4249: 4160: 4150: 4119: 4115: 4111: 3653: 3492: 2617: 2611: 2600: 2552: 2326: 2302: 2166: 2097: 1760: 1216: 1184: 1180: 1033: 915: 804: 788: 752:

from Ireland colonized current southwestern Scotland as part of the Kingdom of

697: 619: 353: 218: 157: 106: 9149: 7949: 6754: 6045:

The Civil Wars: A Military History of England, Scotland, and Ireland 1638–1660

5950: 5891: 4525:

in the 1790s. He is the only president to have served non-consecutive terms. (

674:. Others headed west to western Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, and the Midwest. 418: 9410: 9313: 9104: 8942: 7969: 7927: 7905: 7879: 7328: 5914: 5859: 5646: 5531:

The Plantation of Ulster: British Settlement in an Irish Landscape, 1600–1670

5293: 5228:

Scholarly estimates vary, but here are a few: "more than a quarter-million",

4901: 4844: 4838: 4809: 4740: 4645: 4593: 4522: 4487: 4423: 4358: 4303: 4235: 4172: 4168: 4007: 3909: 3839: 3398: 3214: 2694: 2627: 2502: 2360: 2026: 2003: 1788: 1494: 1466: 1462: 1453: 1345: 1286: 1164: 1156: 1118: 1037: 951: 943: 927: 903: 851: 796: 579: 448: 381: 8037: 3943:

thought. These included mainly Lowland Scot Presbyterians, but also English

1059:

U.S. counties by percentage of population self-identifying Scotch-Irish and

536:

Leyburn cites the following as early American uses of the term before 1744.

8978: 8120: 7658:) written by academic but out of touch with scholarly literature after 1940 7551: 7435:

Literary/historical family memoir of Scotch-Irish Missouri/Oklahoma family.

4973: 4935: 4878: 4688: 4426:, is the location for an exhibition on the eventful life of the victorious 3676: 3630: 3607: 3515: 2570: 2143: 2120: 1767:, about three fifths of that total from Ulster–broken down by state below: 1424: 1290: 1220: 1096: 962:

During the course of the 17th century, the number of settlers belonging to

765: 389: 230: 114: 7442:, edited by Thomas Riggs, (3rd ed., vol. 4, Gale, 2014), pp. 87–100. 4851:. (36th vice president of the United States, 1953–1961; U.S. Senator from 4521:, he was the maternal grandson of merchant Abner Neal, who emigrated from 4179:

pays tribute to the legacy of "Old Hickory". Andrew Jackson then moved to

1525:, settled primarily by the Scotch-Irish in the 18th century. Musicologist 1078: 753: 417:

century, attracted to jobs on large-scale infrastructure projects such as

8017: 7205: 5477: 4680: 4483: 4164: 4139: 3283: 2867: 2653: 2510: 2498: 1852: 1526: 1294: 971: 892:

had threatened to invade Ireland in order to achieve "the extirpation of

870: 858: 835: 735: 705: 623: 365: 330: 326: 234: 131: 119: 7581: 7274:

Ulster and North America: Transatlantic Perspectives on the Scotch-Irish

7243:

Strangers Within the Realm: Cultural Margins of the First British Empire

7230:

Cultural discussion and commentary of Scots-Irish descendants in the US.

6789: 4392:, 1841–1843; Tennessee State Representative, 1835–1837 & 1839–1841; 4155:

7th president, 1829–1837: He was born in the predominantly Ulster-Scots

1231:

valleys, finding flat lands along the rivers and creeks to set up their

7715: 5717: 5514: 5510: 5001: 4589: 4553: 4518: 4404: 4069: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 3981: 3444: 3421: 2821: 2558: 2297: 2049: 1522: 1515: 1236: 760:

culture throughout Scotland. The Irish Gaels had previously been named

357: 123: 98: 8022: 490: 8715: 8052: 8012: 7941: 5351: 4419: 4373:, before being elected vice president. He became president following 4370: 4350: 4253: 4241: 4180: 3976: 3940: 3862: 3699: 3260: 3145: 2621: 2576: 1934: 1929: 1232: 1196: 1149: 963: 385: 222: 170: 8027: 7730:

Attack and Die: Civil War Military Tactics and the Southern Heritage

7707: 7692:(May 1975). "The Antebellum Southern Herdsman: A Reinterpretation". 7366:

The Scotch-Irish: From the North of Ireland to the Making of America

6912:

Barry Vann, "Irish Protestants and the Creation of the Bible Belt",

4044: 648:(a description many Ulster Protestants have preferred themselves to 9276: 8855: 8773: 8591: 8303: 7965: 7819:

Emigrants and Exiles: Ireland and the Irish Exodus to North America

7127: 7125: 7123: 5436:

ed. by Bell and Bradfute (Edinburgh, Scotland, 1792), 1:73/29. See

5109: 4813: 4736: 4365:. Andrew worked there as a tailor and ran a successful business in 4307: 4295: 3972: 3964: 3960: 3952: 3791: 3561: 3352: 3306: 3237: 3191: 3122: 3030: 2890: 2844: 2798: 2659: 2637: 2582: 2532: 2433: 2212: 1980: 1923: 1875: 1535: 1448: 1192: 1176: 982: 978: 967: 948:

Emigrants and Exiles: Ireland and the Irish Exodus to North America

780: 507: 377: 369: 1718: 547:

In September 1723, Rev. George Ross, Rector of Immanuel Church in

8032: 7479:

The Scotch-Irish in Northern Ireland and in the American Colonies

7288:

Byrne, James Patrick; Philip Coleman; Jason Francis King (2008).

5781: 4732: 4557: 4156: 3944: 3885: 3768: 3329: 3053: 2936: 2775: 2729: 2667: 2649: 2633: 2564: 2419: 2405: 2189: 1764: 1458: 1282: 956: 784: 745: 701: 525:

dictionaries as having first appeared in 1744, the American term

515: 278: 186: 110: 7930:(2007). "Irish protestants and the creation of the Bible belt". 7120: 6641:

Alan Crozier, "The Scotch-Irish Influence on American English",

4335:

U.S. Minister to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

2674: 2527:

Areas with greatest proportion of reported Scotch-Irish ancestry

1375:" of Virginia and North Carolina formed a militia which won the 810: 9010: 8598: 5269:, Cambridge, Mass, 1940, p. 41; "250,000", Dunaway, Wayland F. 4816:

in 1590. (37th vice president of the United States, 1961–1963;

4641: 4107: 3948: 3584: 3375: 3099: 2984: 2752: 2663: 1806: 1732: 1278: 1274: 1140: 922: 893: 815: 274: 127: 7871:

Sletcher, Michael, "Scotch-Irish", in Stanley I. Kutler, ed.,

6552:

James Laughlin, New Directions, and the Remaking of Ezra Pound

8113: 7259:

Movers: A Saga of the Scotch-Irish (The Heartland Chronicles)

5241:, USA (March 14, 1989), p. 606; "200,000", Rouse, Parke Jr., 5065: 4396: 4354: 4183:, where he began a prominent political and military career. ( 3722: 3168: 3007: 2643: 2546: 2447: 2227: 1957: 1442: 1160: 1013: 761: 757: 749: 739: 440:(or "Ullans"), Scotch-Irish Americans are referred to as the 384:). What united these different national groups was a base of 361: 102: 7781:(2005), overview and bibliographies; includes the Catholics. 7211:

Deer Hunting With Jesus: Dispatches From America's Class War

7176:"Read President Obama's Speech at the Democratic Convention" 7047:"Theodore Roosevelt's "Hyphenated Americanism" Speech, 1915" 640:

to those of native Gaelic stock, and prefer to describe the

479:

continues to be appropriate in "compounds and set phrases".

5533:(2nd ed.). Ulster Historical Foundation. p. 113. 4585: 4549: 3745: 3538: 3076: 2594: 2494: 2267: 1340:, were born in Ulster. The remaining five Irish-Americans, 7790:

Journey of Hope: The Story of Irish Immigration to America

6139: 6137: 6039: 6037: 4560:

politics which led to the White House. (U.S. Senator from

4517:

22nd and 24th president, 1885–1889 and 1893–1897: Born in

586:. (1801) 1st Ser. VII. 177: "The inhabitants are chiefly 8000:

52 (1986): 523–46 is a strong attack; rejoinder on 547−50

6060: 1084:

U.S. states by percentage of population self-identifying

1008:

Members of the Church of Ireland mostly consisted of the

7111: 6968: 6628:

Michael Montgomery, "How Scotch-Irish Is Your English?"

6459:

The American Irish and their Influence on Irish Politics

4403:, 1828–1830; Military Governor of Tennessee, 1862–1865; 4256:

and became its governor before winning the presidency. (

1012:, Protestant settlers of English descent who formed the 329:" mercenaries from Scotland who had settled in Ireland, 6966: 6964: 6962: 6960: 6958: 6956: 6954: 6952: 6950: 6948: 6134: 6043:

John Kenyon, Jane Ohlmeyer, John Morrill, eds. (1998).

6034: 4679:

27th president, 1909–1913: First known ancestor of the

7146:

Stead Sellers, Frances; Blake, Aaron (July 28, 2016).

4956:

43rd president, 2001–2009: Of Ulster-Scots ancestry. (

4940:

42nd president, 1993–2001: Of Ulster-Scots ancestry. (

3916: 3890: 3867: 3844: 3821: 3796: 3773: 3750: 3727: 3704: 3681: 3658: 3635: 3612: 3589: 3566: 3543: 3520: 3497: 3474: 3449: 3426: 3403: 3380: 3357: 3334: 3311: 3288: 3265: 3242: 3219: 3196: 3173: 3150: 3127: 3104: 3081: 3058: 3035: 3012: 2989: 2966: 2941: 2918: 2895: 2872: 2849: 2826: 2803: 2780: 2757: 2734: 2467:---- 1,000,000 2367: 2338: 2310: 2280: 2247: 2217: 2194: 2171: 2148: 2125: 2102: 2079: 2054: 2031: 2008: 1985: 1962: 1939: 1905: 1880: 1857: 768:, and eventually their name was applied to the entire 5434:

Decisions of the Court of Sessions from 1698 to 1718,

5408:

Scotch-Irish Presbyterians: From Ulster to Rockbridge

5212:

became synonymous with Irish Catholics. As a result,

4134:, although this is less evident in today's politics. 2607:

The states with the top percentages of Scotch-Irish:

775:

The origins of the Scotch-Irish lie primarily in the

7844:

A People Set Apart: The Scotch-Irish in Eastern Ohio

6945: 6593:, New York: Presbyterian Home Missions, 1906, p. 24. 5898: 5141:

Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2004–2005

1572:

American culture, although David Hackett Fischer in

1289:, and others tribes of western Pennsylvania and the 896:

out of Ireland" (according to the interpretation of

455:

usage implicitly in noting that "nobody talks about

341:

and others, who be of the Scotch-Irish race ...

8048:

The Scotch-Irish in America (by Samuel Swett Green)

6769:"Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America" 6097:

Civil War: The Wars of the Three Kingdoms 1638–1660

2691:

Estimated Scotch-Irish American population by state

1581: 993:and were consequently legally disadvantaged by the 584:

Collections of the Massachusetts Historical Society

482: 7816: 7438:Esbenshade, Richard. "Scotch-Irish Americans." in 7145: 6355:Journal of the Lancaster County Historical Society 5481: 5307: 4671:, 1883; New York State Assembly Member, 1882–1884) 4662:New York City Police Commissioners Board president 2263: 1778:Estimated Scotch-Irish American population in the 1739:, by scholarly classification of the names of all 930:after its defeat by the native Ulster Army at the 8043:The Scotch-Irish in America (by Henry Jones Ford) 7971:Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America 7174:Drabold, Will; Villa, Lissandra (July 27, 2016). 5843: 5090:Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America 4588:, the descendant of a farmer from Conagher, near 4244:in 1680 to become a powerful political family in 1257: 1212:described as "the cutting-edge of the frontier". 388:religious beliefs, and their separation from the 337:We are given to understand that a nobleman named 9408: 7724: 7684: 6894:, Princeton University Press, 2001, pp. 164–165. 6327: 6325: 6323: 6248:"...summer of 1717...", Fischer, David Hackett, 6050: 4640:, had Ulster Scots ancestors who emigrated from 4349:17th president, 1865–1869: His grandfather left 2380: 997:, which gave full rights only to members of the 312:attempted to force these Presbyterians into the 7588:Faith & Freedom: The Scots-Irish in America 7455:Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America 6974:"Ulster-Scots and the United States Presidents" 6927:Journal of the Presbyterian Historical Society, 6302:We Who Built America: The Saga of the Immigrant 6250:Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America 5421:Calendar of Patent and Close Rolls of Chancery, 5287:2017 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates 5235:Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America 2464:500,000 (Germans, Dutch, Huguenots, Africans) 2293: 1719:1790 population of Scotch-Irish origin by state 921:In early 1642, the Covenanters sent an army to 597:Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America 7568:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups 6790:Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). 6260:, Princeton University Press, 2001, p. 1; etc. 5920:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups 5865:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups 5265:, 1962, p. 180; "225,000", Hansen, Marcus L., 4785:, 1920–1925; U.S. Army Major, 1919; U.S. Army 4321:, (1834–1845); U.S. House Representative from 4302:, Ireland. The Buchanans were originally from 691:Harvard Encyclopedia of American Ethnic Groups 629:An example of the use of the term is found in 8871: 8068: 7779:The Columbia Guide to Irish American History. 7756:Cracker Culture: Celtic Ways in the Old South 7036:, Volume 1, Kessinger Publishing, 2004, p. 77 6881:, G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1902, p. 163 6802: 6517:. New York: Penguin Press. pp. 721–725. 6508: 6506: 6409:, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 119–126. 6320: 5630: 5410:, by Angela M. Ruley 3 October 1993. Rootsweb 5380: 5378: 2675:2020 population of Scottish ancestry by state 1709:The Source: A Guidebook of American Genealogy 1550:In terms of the stone houses they built, the 959:and rising rents imposed by their landlords. 656:broke free from the United Kingdom, although 412:earlier, primarily in the backcountry of the 360:. Smaller numbers of migrants also came from 7409: 7233: 7173: 5257:, 2001, p. 1; "200,000", Leyburn, James G., 4924:, 1971–1973; U.S. House Representative from 4855:, 1950–1953; U.S. House Representative from 4824:, 1949–1961; U.S. House Representative from 4612:, 1881–1883; U.S. House Representative from 4604:, 1887–1891; U.S. House Representative from 4600:, 1892–1896; U.S. House Representative from 4325:, 1821–1823; U.S. House Representative from 4274:, 1825–1833; U.S. House Representative from 4270:, 1839–1841; U.S. House Representative from 4261:Speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives 4013: 3806: 2484: 1202: 297:" may actually be of Scotch-Irish ancestry. 7861:(2004), critical analysis of Celtic thesis. 7859:Strange Kin: Ireland and the American South 5700:The King's English: A Guide to Modern Usage 5578:G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York, 1902, p. 163 4197:Tennessee's at-large congressional district 1273:Especially in Pennsylvania, whose pacifist 9432:Scotch-Irish diaspora in the United States 8878: 8864: 8075: 8061: 7440:Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America 6897: 6862: 6576:Olive Dame Campbell & Cecil J. Sharp, 6503: 6360: 6017:The Siege of Derry.', Oxford, 1980, p. 46. 5840:, 1944, University of North Carolina Press 5751: 5702:, St. Martin's Griffin, 1999, pp. 198–199. 5651:The Southern States since the War, 1870–71 5375: 4922:10th U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations 4743:, whose former home is open to visitors. ( 3459: 2064: 1484: 1443:Influence on American culture and identity 1316:led a delegation that met the marchers at 7910:Rediscovering the South's Celtic Heritage 7494:The Encyclopedia of the Irish in America, 7396:The Scotch-Irish of Colonial Pennsylvania 6472:The Southern Highlander and his Homeland, 6315:The Scotch-Irish of Colonial Pennsylvania 5271:The Scotch-Irish of Colonial Pennsylvania 5176: 5114:"Secret GOP Weapon: The Scots Irish Vote" 4552:and served as a brigadier general in the 4327:Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district 4323:Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district 4085:Learn how and when to remove this message 2951: 1890: 1471:Rediscovering the South's Celtic Heritage 1330:United States Declaration of Independence 558:Another Church of England clergyman from 7750: 7618:The Scots-Irish in the Shenandoah Valley 6729: 6006:, HarperCollins, 1995, pp. 363, 374–376. 5904: 5528: 5438:Dictionary of the Older Scottish Tongue, 4857:California's 12th congressional district 4768:Jackson County, Missouri Presiding Judge 4310:where the ancestral home still stands. ( 2522: 1134: 940:North American colonies of Great Britain 873:in Scotland, Irish Catholics launched a 809: 700:, where they are most numerous in rural 502:" was the favored adjective for things " 489: 88:Up to 9.2% of the U.S. population (2004) 80:Estimate of Scotch-Irish Americans total 67:2,500,076 (0.7%) alone or in combination 9417:American people of Scotch-Irish descent 7774:Major exploration of cultural folkways. 7661: 7448: 7351: 7308: 7204: 7096: 6832: 6512: 5395:Parliaments, Estates and Representation 5345: 5305: 4713:1st Governor-General of the Philippines 4701:10th Chief Justice of the United States 4636:26th president, 1901–1909: His mother, 677:Transatlantic flows were halted by the 14: 9422:European diaspora in the United States 9409: 8082: 7811: 7784: 7544: 7251:Scholars analyze colonial migrations. 7099:Ancestors of Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter 6580:, G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1917, p. xviii. 6088: 6031:, St. Martin's Press, 1984, pp. 52–55. 5814:"We all can be Irish, British or both" 5811: 5775: 5645: 5058: 4386:Tennessee's 1st congressional district 4276:Tennessee's 9th congressional district 4272:Tennessee's 6th congressional district 1323: 1043: 818:in green, and the modern territory of 518:, etc., and in the term Scotch-Irish. 269:are American descendants of primarily 8859: 8056: 6094: 5849: 5802:. University of North Carolina Press. 5600: 5594: 5476: 5182: 5102: 4918:2nd U.S. Beijing Liaison Office Chief 4228:, 1802–1812; Tennessee State Militia 1817: 1803: 1798: 1737:American Council of Learned Societies 1702: 696:A separate migration brought many to 27:American descendants of Ulster Scots 8885: 7964: 7926: 7904: 7878: 6713:"United States population 1790-1990" 5838:The Scotch-Irish of Colonial America 5484:The Expansion of Elizabethan England 5108: 4942:40th & 42nd Governor of Arkansas 4399:, 1834–1838; Greeneville, Tennessee 4067:adding citations to reliable sources 4038: 1469:published his second book, entitled 1411: 1392:and for others. They generally were 756:, eventually mixing with the native 618:notes the borderers had substantial 93:Regions with significant populations 8013:The Ulster-Scots Society of America 7662:Leyburn, James G. (December 1970). 7545:Joseph, Cameron (October 6, 2009). 7541:) short overview for middle schools 6691:"United States Timeline population" 6278:Crozier 1984; Montgomery 1989, 2001 5423:as cited in Leyburn, op. cit., 329. 4826:Texas's 10th congressional district 4584:25th president, 1897–1901: Born in 4436:Commanding General of the U.S. Army 4382:vice president of the United States 4331:U.S. Minister to the Russian Empire 4032:For a more comprehensive list, see 2497:Valley. Others settled in northern 551:, wrote in reference to their anti- 72:977,075 (0.3%) "Scotch-Irish" alone 24: 7888:University of South Carolina Press 7868:(McGill-Queen's Press-MQUP, 2015). 7808:Major source of primary documents. 7566:Jones, Maldwyn A. "Scotch-Irish." 7247:University of North Carolina Press 7198: 6850:from the original on July 13, 2022 6820:from the original on July 17, 2022 6604:Journal of East Tennessee History, 6498:South Carolina Historical Magazine 6047:. Oxford University Press. p. 278. 5812:Walker, Brian M. (June 10, 2015). 5800:The Scotch-Irish: A Social History 5320:University of North Carolina Press 5310:The Scotch-Irish: A Social History 5263:University of North Carolina Press 5259:The Scotch-Irish: A Social History 4926:Texas's 7th congressional district 4614:Ohio's 16th congressional district 4610:Ohio's 17th congressional district 4606:Ohio's 20th congressional district 4602:Ohio's 18th congressional district 4097: 1743:heads of families recorded in the 1312:who had been given shelter there. 850:was seen as a way to relocate the 25: 9463: 8006: 7996:. "Celtic Mist over the South", 7531:Scots and Scotch-Irish in America 7406:), solid older scholarly history. 6914:Journal of Transatlantic Studies, 6630:Journal of East Tennessee History 5739:. Homepages.rootsweb.ancestry.com 5267:The Atlantic Migration, 1607–1860 4717:U.S. 6th Circuit Court of Appeals 4339:Pennsylvania State Representative 4163:two years after his parents left 4128:then Conservative Party of Canada 4027: 3898: 2225: 447:Twentieth-century English author 376:, and France (such as the French 289:in the 17th century. In the 2017 7933:Journal of Transatlantic Studies 7603:The Scots-Irish in the Carolinas 7381:Scotch-Irish Foodways in America 7167: 7139: 7105: 7090: 7065: 7039: 7026: 7004: 6994: 6940:Journal of Presbyterian History, 6932: 5784:: Blackstaff Press. p. 210. 4914:Director of Central Intelligence 4871:, 1943–1945; U.S. Naval Reserve 4867:, 1945–1953; U.S. Naval Reserve 4863:, 1953–1966; U.S. Naval Reserve 4859:, 1947–1950; U.S. Naval Reserve 4709:1st Provisional Governor of Cuba 4556:before embarking on a career in 4043: 3902: 3878: 3855: 3832: 3808: 3784: 3761: 3738: 3715: 3692: 3669: 3646: 3623: 3600: 3577: 3554: 3531: 3508: 3485: 3461: 3437: 3414: 3391: 3368: 3345: 3322: 3299: 3276: 3253: 3230: 3207: 3184: 3161: 3138: 3115: 3092: 3069: 3046: 3023: 3000: 2977: 2953: 2929: 2906: 2883: 2860: 2837: 2814: 2791: 2768: 2745: 2722: 2693: 2685: 2353: 2325: 2296: 2266: 2231: 2205: 2182: 2159: 2136: 2113: 2090: 2066: 2042: 2019: 1996: 1973: 1950: 1928: 1916: 1892: 1868: 1845: 1819: 1805: 1787: 1772: 1582:Number of Scotch-Irish Americans 1503:Jones and Laughlin Steel Company 1451:puts forth a thesis in his book 1117: 1095: 1077: 1052: 8018:Scotch-Irish Society of the USA 6919: 6906: 6884: 6871: 6792:"American FactFinder - Results" 6783: 6761: 6747:U.S. Government Printing Office 6705: 6683: 6661: 6648: 6635: 6622: 6609: 6596: 6583: 6570: 6557: 6544: 6531: 6490: 6477: 6464: 6451: 6438: 6425: 6412: 6399: 6386: 6369: 6347: 6334: 6307: 6294: 6281: 6272: 6263: 6242: 6217: 6192: 6167: 6113: 6099:. London: Abacus. p. 143. 6066: 6021: 6009: 5996: 5983: 5970: 5957: 5830: 5805: 5788: 5769: 5760: 5729: 5705: 5692: 5676: 5661: 5639: 5581: 5568: 5551: 5522: 5470: 5461: 5452: 5443: 5426: 5414: 5400: 5397:33.2 (2013): 120−139 at p. 121. 5387: 5339: 4892:, 1963–1967; U.S. Navy Reserve 4781:, 1925–1932; U.S. Army Reserve 4777:, 1932–1953; U.S. Army Reserve 4658:Assistant Secretary of the Navy 4564:, 1881–1887; Union Army Brevet 4534:34th Mayor of Buffalo, New York 4317:, 1845–1849; U.S. Senator from 4104:presidents of the United States 4054:needs additional citations for 2349: 2321: 2291: 2261: 1566: 880:In reaction to the proposal by 574:came in Pennsylvania in 1744: 570:says the first use of the term 7875:, (10 vols., New York, 2002).0 7873:Dictionary of American History 7648:Scotch-Irish: A Social History 7358:Johns Hopkins University Press 7321:University of California Press 7112:Melvin Ember, Carol R. Ember. 6771:. Powells.com. August 12, 2009 5607:The Irish Americans: A History 5356:Johns Hopkins University Press 5299: 5280: 5222: 5185:The Irish Americans: A History 5162: 5133: 5083: 5027:List of Scotch-Irish Americans 4946:50th Arkansas Attorney General 4752:Princeton University president 4280:Tennessee State Representative 4177:heritage centre in the village 4034:List of Scotch-Irish Americans 4004:Princeton Theological Seminary 1258:Conflict with Native Americans 1215:The Scotch-Irish moved up the 946:). According to Kerby Miller, 320: 13: 1: 9437:Scotch-Irish American history 8135:German Mennonites from Russia 8023:Ulster-Scots Language Society 7728:; Jamieson, Perry D. (1984). 7312:Religion and American Culture 7014:. Discovernorthernireland.com 5905:Blessing, Patrick J. (1980). 5529:Robinson, Philip S. (2000) . 5296:- United States Census Bureau 5052: 4944:, 1979–1981 & 1983–1992; 4538:Erie County, New York Sheriff 4438:, 1864–1869; U.S./Union Army 4191:, 1797–1798 & 1823–1825; 1139:Scotch-Irish-American boy in 76:2021 estimates, self-reported 7854:) highly detailed chronicle. 7421:University of Oklahoma Press 7352:Carroll, Michael P. (2007). 5824:Independent News & Media 5689:. Retrieved 27 October 2011. 5670:Magazine of American History 5346:Carroll, Michael P. (2007). 5150:. August 26, 2004. p. 8 4501:, 1862–1863; New York Guard 4205:Military Governor of Florida 3988: 2384:U.S. Historical Populations 2350: 1735:, in collaboration with the 1382: 966:dissenting sects, including 912:Dublin Castle administration 664: 118:Historic populations in the 7: 9447:British diaspora by country 7998:Journal of Southern History 7760:University of Alabama Press 7734:University of Alabama Press 7695:Journal of Southern History 7511:) solid academic monograph. 6844:United States Census Bureau 6814:United States Census Bureau 6632:2006 77 (Supplement): 65–91 6606:2006 77 (Supplement): 50–58 5655:University of Alabama Press 5148:United States Census Bureau 4990: 4818:U.S. Senate Majority Leader 4361:around 1750 and settled in 3997:. The mission was training 3930: 3921: 3914: 3894: 3889: 3871: 3866: 3848: 3843: 3825: 3820: 3800: 3795: 3777: 3772: 3754: 3749: 3731: 3726: 3708: 3703: 3685: 3680: 3662: 3657: 3639: 3634: 3616: 3611: 3593: 3588: 3570: 3565: 3547: 3542: 3524: 3519: 3501: 3496: 3478: 3473: 3453: 3448: 3430: 3425: 3407: 3402: 3384: 3379: 3361: 3356: 3338: 3333: 3315: 3310: 3292: 3287: 3269: 3264: 3246: 3241: 3223: 3218: 3200: 3195: 3177: 3172: 3154: 3149: 3131: 3126: 3108: 3103: 3085: 3080: 3062: 3057: 3039: 3034: 3016: 3011: 2993: 2988: 2970: 2965: 2945: 2940: 2922: 2917: 2899: 2894: 2876: 2871: 2853: 2848: 2830: 2825: 2807: 2802: 2784: 2779: 2761: 2756: 2738: 2733: 2372: 2365: 2343: 2336: 2315: 2308: 2285: 2278: 2253: 2244: 2221: 2216: 2198: 2193: 2175: 2170: 2152: 2147: 2129: 2124: 2106: 2101: 2083: 2078: 2058: 2053: 2035: 2030: 2012: 2007: 1989: 1984: 1966: 1961: 1943: 1938: 1909: 1904: 1884: 1879: 1861: 1856: 1759:which remained part of the 834:, King of Scots, succeeded 10: 9468: 8732:Alabama Creoles and Cajuns 7672:. Vol. 22, no. 1 6550:Gregory Barnhisel (2005), 6541:(1978) quotes pp 7 and 228 6289:Journal of Family History, 6131:, nitakeacloserlook.gov.uk 6074:"The Rebellion of 1641-42" 5993:, Oxford, 1980, pp. 31–45. 5850:Jones, Maldwyn A. (1980). 5636:Leyburn 1962, pp. 327–334. 5306:Leyburn, James G. (1962). 5277:, New York (1958), p. 285. 5255:Princeton University Press 4721:6th U.S. Solicitor General 4705:42nd U.S. Secretary of War 4031: 4021:United Presbyterian Church 2518:United States Census, 2000 2322: 2292: 2262: 2226: 2203: 2180: 2157: 2134: 2111: 2088: 2063: 2040: 2017: 1994: 1971: 1948: 1914: 1889: 1866: 1843: 1691: 1683: 1675: 1667: 1659: 1651: 1643: 1635: 1627: 1619: 1611: 1603: 1595: 1587: 1545: 1540:John Graham of Claverhouse 1508: 1501:(b. Ulster; 1806–1882) of 1473:. As in his earlier book, 1418:American Revolutionary War 733: 715: 711: 40: 29: 9344: 9254: 9130: 9045: 9019: 8951: 8923: 8893: 8790: 8708:White Hispanic and Latino 8687: 8539: 8461: 8366: 8275: 8204: 8090: 8038:Institute of Ulster-Scots 7950:10.1080/14794010708656856 7839:Highly influential study. 7416:Red Dirt: Growing Up Okie 6591:The Southern Mountaineers 6461:, London, 1882, pp 12-13. 6002:George MacDonald Fraser, 5976:George MacDonald Fraser, 5794:James G. Leyburn (1962). 5776:Bardon, Jonathan (1992). 5609:. Bloomsbury. p. x. 5517:in 1606 and 1607 ... 5037:Ulster American Folk Park 4695:in 1675, and settling in 4292:Mercersburg, Pennsylvania 4193:U.S. House Representative 4014:Associate Reformed Church 2538:The states with the most 2485:Geographical distribution 2466: 2399: 2383: 1780:Continental United States 1592:Total Population in U.S. 1557: 1203:Pennsylvania and Virginia 1068:American Community Survey 746:retreat of the ice sheets 568:Oxford English Dictionary 531:Somerset County, Maryland 451:endorsed the traditional 442:Scotch Airish o' Amerikey 291:American Community Survey 205: 200: 168: 163: 148:American English dialects 142: 137: 97: 92: 65: 60: 8655:Scots-Irish/Ulster Scots 7721:popularized this thesis. 7337:10.1525/rac.2006.16.1.25 7329:10.1525/rac.2006.16.1.25 7133:"About the Ulster-Scots" 6485:The Winning of the West, 6029:The Plantation of Ulster 5929:Harvard University Press 5874:Harvard University Press 5559:The Plantation of Ulster 5007:Battle of Kings Mountain 4965:Texas Air National Guard 4886:76th Governor of Georgia 4693:Braintree, Massachusetts 4624:, 1862–1865; Union Army 4572:, 1862–1865; Union Army 4450:, 1861–1862; Union Army 4446:, 1862–1864; Union Army 4442:, 1864–1866; Union Army 4142:" of ancestral origins. 4130:and especially with the 4106:have ancestral links to 2542:populations as of 2020: 1749:National Origins Formula 1552:"hall-parlor" floor plan 1447:Author and U.S. Senator 1377:Battle of Kings Mountain 1318:Germantown, Philadelphia 1210:Frederick Jackson Turner 30:Not to be confused with 7825:Oxford University Press 7460:Oxford University Press 7398:(1944; reprinted 1997; 7034:The Winning Of The West 7012:"Grant Ancestral House" 6658:, Oxford, 1989, p. 653. 6654:David Hackett Fischer, 6589:Samuel Tyndale Wilson, 6300:quoted in Carl Wittke, 6258:The People with No Name 6254:From Ulster to Carolina 6058:Secrets of Lough Kernan 5967:, Oxford, 1989, p. 618. 5963:David Hackett Fischer, 5490:Charles Scribner's Sons 5251:The People with No Name 5247:From Ulster to Carolina 5239:Oxford University Press 5119:The Wall Street Journal 5070:University of Minnesota 4928:, 1967–1971; U.S. Navy 4900:, 1949–1953; U.S. Navy 4896:, 1953–1961; U.S. Navy 4795:Missouri National Guard 4789:, 1918–1919; U.S. Army 4666:New York State Assembly 4505:, 1862; New York Guard 4492:New York Port Collector 4465:, 1847–1848; U.S. Army 4458:, 1853–1854; U.S. Army 4390:Tennessee State Senator 4315:U.S. Secretary of State 4223:Tennessee State Militia 4201:Tennessee Supreme Court 2392:Immigrants Before 1790 1485:Iron and steel industry 1366:Mecklenburg Declaration 1026:Irish Rebellion of 1798 1024:and participate in the 521:Although referenced by 7912:. Overmountain Press. 7578:American Presbyterians 7547:"The Scots-Irish Vote" 7518:, Scots Press. (2013, 7492:Glazier, Michael, ed. 7450:Fischer, David Hackett 6565:Historical Archaeology 6446:Peaceable Kingdom Lost 6433:Peaceable Kingdom Lost 6420:Peaceable Kingdom Lost 6375:Ray Allen Billington, 6095:Royle, Trevor (2004). 5980:, HarperCollins, 1995. 5230:Fischer, David Hackett 5183:Dolan, Jay P. (2008). 5047:Scotch-Irish Canadians 4984:Illinois State Senator 4748:Governor of New Jersey 4683:in the United States, 4394:Greeneville, Tennessee 2528: 1144: 890:Parliament of Scotland 863:Irish Confederate Wars 823: 791:on either side of the 787:, particularly in the 615: 495: 343: 54:Scotch-Irish Americans 7411:Dunbar-Ortiz, Roxanne 6798:on February 12, 2020. 6513:Chernow, Ron (2010). 5757:Leyburn 1962, p. 330. 5601:Dolan, Jay P (2008). 5384:Leyburn 1962, p. 327. 4890:Georgia State Senator 4697:Mendon, Massachusetts 4598:39th Governor of Ohio 4499:Quartermaster General 4432:U.S. Secretary of War 4268:Governor of Tennessee 4138:are the result of a " 2526: 1523:Appalachian Mountains 1475:From Whence They Came 1264:French and Indian War 1138: 1010:Protestant Ascendancy 981:, French and Flemish 813: 793:Anglo-Scottish border 683:Industrial Revolution 652:, at least since the 606: 602:David Hackett Fischer 493: 339:Sorley Boy MacDonnell 335: 201:Related ethnic groups 56:Scots-Irish Americans 36:Irish Scottish people 18:Scotch-Irish American 9032:United Arab Emirates 8345:Norwegian Minnesotan 7777:Meagher, Timothy J. 7580:70.2 (1992): 71–80. 7514:Hammock, Stephen A. 7394:Dunaway, Wayland F. 7284:), scholarly essays. 7272:Blethen, Tyler. ed. 7032:Theodore Roosevelt, 6903:Leyburn 1962, p. 295 6868:Leyburn 1962, p. 273 6745:. Washington, D.C.: 6483:Theodore Roosevelt, 6366:Leyburn 1962, p. 228 6342:The Great Wagon Road 6331:Leyburn 1962, p. 305 6291:1988 13(4): 397–414, 6119:Alister McReynolds. 6076:. Libraryireland.com 5876:. pp. 895–908. 5836:Wayland F. Dunaway, 5243:The Great Wagon Road 5112:(October 23, 2004). 4865:Lieutenant Commander 4530:Governor of New York 4063:improve this article 3995:Princeton University 2914:District of Columbia 1030:Age of Enlightenment 875:rebellion in October 848:Plantation of Ulster 549:New Castle, Delaware 483:History of the term 8701:Non-Hispanic whites 8033:Ulster-Scots Online 8028:Ulster-Scots Agency 7153:The Washington Post 7053:on January 25, 2009 6981:Ulster-Scots Agency 6942:1968 46(3): 157–174 6929:1958 36(4): 209–216 6877:Hanna, Charles A., 6645:1984 59(4): 310–331 6567:2002 36(4): 129–149 6457:Philip H. Bagenal, 6394:New Hibernia Review 6344:, Dietz Press, 2004 6229:Pew Research Center 6204:Pew Research Center 6179:Pew Research Center 6155:on January 17, 2015 5911:Thernstrom, Stephan 5856:Thernstrom, Stephan 5778:A History of Ulster 5723:The Irish News Ltd. 5687:Ulster-Scots Agency 5683:American Presidents 5574:Hanna, Charles A., 5565:, 1984, pp. 109–128 5017:Hatfield–McCoy feud 4675:William Howard Taft 4620:, 1865; Union Army 4568:, 1865; Union Army 4377:'s assassination. ( 3967:English neighbors. 2700: 2273:Northwest Territory 1324:American Revolution 1108:Pew Research Center 1044:American settlement 865:. The first of the 844:Flight of the Earls 828:Union of the Crowns 770:Kingdom of Scotland 722:Ulster Scots people 679:American Revolution 631:A History of Ulster 306:Ulster Scots people 273:who emigrated from 271:Ulster Scots people 57: 43:Ulster Scots people 8726:French Louisianian 8128:Pennsylvania Dutch 8084:European Americans 7864:Sherling, Rankin. 7664:"The Scotch-Irish" 7646:Leyburn, James G. 7529:Johnson, James E. 7499:Griffin, Patrick. 7206:Bageant, Joseph L. 6890:Griffin, Patrick, 6470:John C. Campbell, 6377:Westward Expansion 6357:1994 96(3): 99–112 6340:Rouse, Parke Jr., 6149:U.S. Census Bureau 6127:2009-02-16 at the 5991:The Siege of Derry 5796:"The Scotch-Irish" 5725:November 17, 2017. 5591:7.3 (1999): 37–41. 5563:St. Martin's Press 5557:Robinson, Philip, 5358:. pp. 25–26. 5170:"The Scotch-Irish" 5032:Scottish Americans 4997:Lists of Americans 4830:U.S. Naval Reserve 4779:Lieutenant Colonel 4719:Judge, 1892–1900; 4632:Theodore Roosevelt 4454:, 1861; U.S. Army 4440:Lieutenant General 4246:Mecklenburg County 4203:Judge, 1798–1804; 4132:Orange Institution 2682: 2529: 2509:and north-central 2395:Population 1790–1 1800:State or Territory 1703:Population in 1790 1402:Charles Cornwallis 1223:, and then up the 1175:, as well as into 1145: 1065:U.S. Census Bureau 991:established church 824: 801:Scottish Highlands 730:English Dissenters 726:Anglo-Irish people 718:Ulster Protestants 672:Appalachian region 642:Ulster Protestants 496: 467:", and that while 409:Great Irish Famine 390:established church 333:of England wrote: 243:Scottish Americans 207:Ulster Protestants 189:, with a minority 53: 9442:Scottish diaspora 9404: 9403: 8909:Scottish diaspora 8853: 8852: 8844: 8837: 8830: 8824:White Southerners 8813: 8806: 8781: 8776: 8760: 8753: 8748: 8741: 8734: 8710: 8703: 8673: 8634: 8615: 8608: 8601: 8594: 8580: 8442: 8347: 8340: 8338:Norwegian Dakotan 8306: 8180: 8151: 8149:Hungarian Ohioans 8137: 8130: 8123: 8116: 7994:Berthoff, Rowland 7985:978-0-7679-1688-2 7919:978-1-57072-269-1 7897:978-1-57003-708-5 7857:Quinlan, Kieran. 7686:McDonald, Forrest 7669:American Heritage 7631:Lewis, Thomas A. 7570:(1980): 895–908. 7524:978-1-55932-318-5 7477:Glasgow, Maude. 7469:978-0-19-506905-1 7430:978-0-8061-3775-9 7389:978-1-4495-8842-7 7364:Chepesiuk, Ron. 7257:Baxter, Nancy M. 7239:Morgan, Philip D. 7225:978-1-921215-78-0 6916:2007 5(1): 87–106 6693:. Members.aol.com 6524:978-0-14-311996-8 6383:2005 13(6): 26–29 6106:978-0-349-11564-1 6027:Philip Robinson, 6015:Patrick Macrory, 6004:The Steel Bonnets 5989:Patrick Macrory, 5978:The Steel Bonnets 5819:Belfast Telegraph 5365:978-0-8018-8683-6 5042:Whiskey Rebellion 5012:English Americans 4961:Governor of Texas 4908:George H. W. Bush 4804:Lyndon B. Johnson 4772:U.S. Army Reserve 4618:Brigadier General 4566:Brigadier General 4544:Benjamin Harrison 4507:Engineer-in-Chief 4503:Inspector General 4473:Chester A. Arthur 4448:Brigadier General 4408:Brigadier General 4095: 4094: 4087: 3928: 3927: 2482: 2481: 2379: 2378: 1700: 1699: 1499:James H. Laughlin 1437:George Washington 1433:Whiskey Rebellion 1412:Whiskey Rebellion 1406:Battle of Waxhaws 1371:The Scots-Irish " 1350:Thomas Lynch, Jr. 1314:Benjamin Franklin 1244:Shenandoah Valley 1106:according to the 1063:according to the 1061:American ancestry 1003:Church of Ireland 999:Church of England 932:Battle of Benburb 842:in 1603, and the 689:According to the 582:Jrnl. 21 June in 553:Church of England 398:Church of Ireland 394:Church of England 374:German Palatinate 314:Church of England 295:American ancestry 283:Scottish Lowlands 256: 255: 251:American ancestry 247:English Americans 227:British Americans 179:Congregationalist 16:(Redirected from 9459: 9427:English diaspora 9098: 8904:English diaspora 8899:Cornish diaspora 8887:British diaspora 8880: 8873: 8866: 8857: 8856: 8840: 8833: 8828: 8809: 8802: 8779: 8772: 8758:Creoles of color 8756: 8751: 8746:Louisiana Creole 8744: 8737: 8730: 8706: 8699: 8669: 8630: 8611: 8604: 8597: 8590: 8576: 8438: 8367:Southeast Europe 8343: 8336: 8302: 8176: 8147: 8133: 8126: 8119: 8112: 8077: 8070: 8063: 8054: 8053: 7989: 7961: 7923: 7901: 7838: 7822: 7807: 7773: 7747: 7719: 7681: 7679: 7677: 7616:Kennedy, Billy. 7601:Kennedy, Billy. 7586:Kennedy, Billy. 7563: 7561: 7559: 7473: 7434: 7361: 7360:. pp. 1–26. 7348: 7305: 7250: 7229: 7193: 7192: 7190: 7188: 7171: 7165: 7164: 7162: 7160: 7143: 7137: 7136: 7129: 7118: 7117: 7109: 7103: 7102: 7094: 7088: 7087: 7085: 7083: 7069: 7063: 7062: 7060: 7058: 7049:. Archived from 7043: 7037: 7030: 7024: 7023: 7021: 7019: 7008: 7002: 6998: 6992: 6991: 6989: 6987: 6978: 6970: 6943: 6936: 6930: 6923: 6917: 6910: 6904: 6901: 6895: 6888: 6882: 6875: 6869: 6866: 6860: 6859: 6857: 6855: 6836: 6830: 6829: 6827: 6825: 6806: 6800: 6799: 6794:. Archived from 6787: 6781: 6780: 6778: 6776: 6765: 6759: 6758: 6733: 6727: 6726: 6724: 6722: 6717: 6709: 6703: 6702: 6700: 6698: 6687: 6681: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6671:. 1930census.com 6665: 6659: 6652: 6646: 6639: 6633: 6626: 6620: 6613: 6607: 6600: 6594: 6587: 6581: 6574: 6568: 6561: 6555: 6548: 6542: 6535: 6529: 6528: 6510: 6501: 6494: 6488: 6481: 6475: 6468: 6462: 6455: 6449: 6442: 6436: 6429: 6423: 6416: 6410: 6403: 6397: 6390: 6384: 6373: 6367: 6364: 6358: 6351: 6345: 6338: 6332: 6329: 6318: 6311: 6305: 6298: 6292: 6285: 6279: 6276: 6270: 6267: 6261: 6246: 6240: 6239: 6237: 6235: 6221: 6215: 6214: 6212: 6210: 6196: 6190: 6189: 6187: 6185: 6171: 6165: 6164: 6162: 6160: 6151:. Archived from 6141: 6132: 6117: 6111: 6110: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6083: 6081: 6070: 6064: 6054: 6048: 6041: 6032: 6025: 6019: 6013: 6007: 6000: 5994: 5987: 5981: 5974: 5968: 5961: 5955: 5954: 5902: 5896: 5895: 5847: 5841: 5834: 5828: 5827: 5809: 5803: 5792: 5786: 5785: 5773: 5767: 5766:Fischer, p. 618. 5764: 5758: 5755: 5749: 5748: 5746: 5744: 5733: 5727: 5726: 5709: 5703: 5696: 5690: 5680: 5674: 5665: 5659: 5658: 5643: 5637: 5634: 5628: 5627: 5625: 5623: 5598: 5592: 5585: 5579: 5572: 5566: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5526: 5520: 5519: 5487: 5474: 5468: 5465: 5459: 5456: 5450: 5447: 5441: 5430: 5424: 5418: 5412: 5404: 5398: 5391: 5385: 5382: 5373: 5372: 5343: 5337: 5336: 5313: 5303: 5297: 5284: 5278: 5275:Colonial America 5226: 5220: 5219: 5189:Bloomsbury Press 5180: 5174: 5173: 5166: 5160: 5159: 5157: 5155: 5145: 5137: 5131: 5130: 5128: 5126: 5106: 5100: 5087: 5081: 5080: 5078: 5076: 5062: 4968:First Lieutenant 4654:American Indians 4580:William McKinley 4513:Grover Cleveland 4414:Ulysses S. Grant 4090: 4083: 4079: 4076: 4070: 4047: 4039: 3957:German Palatines 3918: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3892: 3884: 3882: 3881: 3869: 3861: 3859: 3858: 3846: 3838: 3836: 3835: 3823: 3818: 3814: 3812: 3811: 3798: 3790: 3788: 3787: 3775: 3767: 3765: 3764: 3752: 3744: 3742: 3741: 3729: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3706: 3698: 3696: 3695: 3683: 3675: 3673: 3672: 3660: 3652: 3650: 3649: 3637: 3629: 3627: 3626: 3614: 3606: 3604: 3603: 3591: 3583: 3581: 3580: 3568: 3560: 3558: 3557: 3545: 3537: 3535: 3534: 3522: 3514: 3512: 3511: 3499: 3491: 3489: 3488: 3476: 3471: 3467: 3465: 3464: 3451: 3443: 3441: 3440: 3428: 3420: 3418: 3417: 3405: 3397: 3395: 3394: 3382: 3374: 3372: 3371: 3359: 3351: 3349: 3348: 3336: 3328: 3326: 3325: 3313: 3305: 3303: 3302: 3290: 3282: 3280: 3279: 3267: 3259: 3257: 3256: 3244: 3236: 3234: 3233: 3221: 3213: 3211: 3210: 3198: 3190: 3188: 3187: 3175: 3167: 3165: 3164: 3152: 3144: 3142: 3141: 3129: 3121: 3119: 3118: 3106: 3098: 3096: 3095: 3083: 3075: 3073: 3072: 3060: 3052: 3050: 3049: 3037: 3029: 3027: 3026: 3014: 3006: 3004: 3003: 2991: 2983: 2981: 2980: 2968: 2963: 2959: 2957: 2956: 2943: 2935: 2933: 2932: 2920: 2912: 2910: 2909: 2897: 2889: 2887: 2886: 2874: 2866: 2864: 2863: 2851: 2843: 2841: 2840: 2828: 2820: 2818: 2817: 2805: 2797: 2795: 2794: 2782: 2774: 2772: 2771: 2759: 2751: 2749: 2748: 2736: 2728: 2726: 2725: 2701: 2699: 2698: 2697: 2690: 2689: 2681: 2603:– 113,008 (2.4%) 2597:– 123,572 (1.1%) 2591:– 124,186 (1.3%) 2585:– 140,769 (1.8%) 2579:– 153,073 (2.4%) 2573:– 163,836 (1.3%) 2567:– 170,880 (0.9%) 2561:– 247,530 (0.7%) 2555:– 274,149 (2.9%) 2549:– 287,393 (1.1%) 2493:regions and the 2381: 2369: 2359: 2357: 2356: 2340: 2330: 2329: 2312: 2306: 2301: 2300: 2282: 2276: 2271: 2270: 2249: 2242: 2238:1790 Census Area 2236: 2235: 2219: 2211: 2209: 2208: 2196: 2188: 2186: 2185: 2173: 2165: 2163: 2162: 2150: 2142: 2140: 2139: 2127: 2119: 2117: 2116: 2104: 2096: 2094: 2093: 2081: 2076: 2072: 2070: 2069: 2056: 2048: 2046: 2045: 2033: 2025: 2023: 2022: 2010: 2002: 2000: 1999: 1987: 1979: 1977: 1976: 1964: 1956: 1954: 1953: 1941: 1933: 1932: 1922: 1920: 1919: 1907: 1902: 1898: 1896: 1895: 1882: 1874: 1872: 1871: 1859: 1851: 1849: 1848: 1824: 1823: 1810: 1809: 1796: 1795: 1793: 1792: 1791: 1777: 1776: 1757:Northern Ireland 1755:, as opposed to 1753:Irish Free State 1586: 1585: 1373:Overmountain Men 1310:Moravian Indians 1248:Great Wagon Road 1121: 1099: 1081: 1056: 1028:, in support of 987:German Palatines 898:Richard Bellings 886:Thomas Wentworth 820:Northern Ireland 783:and in northern 654:Irish Free State 435: 287:Northern England 77: 61:Total population 58: 52: 21: 9467: 9466: 9462: 9461: 9460: 9458: 9457: 9456: 9407: 9406: 9405: 9400: 9340: 9250: 9126: 9092: 9041: 9015: 8947: 8919: 8918: 8889: 8884: 8854: 8849: 8786: 8768:French Canadian 8695:White Americans 8688:Other Europeans 8683: 8632:Irish Traveller 8535: 8462:Southern Europe 8457: 8362: 8276:Northern Europe 8271: 8200: 8162:Liechtensteiner 8086: 8081: 8009: 7986: 7920: 7898: 7842:Porter, Lorle. 7835: 7804: 7794:Chronicle Books 7770: 7752:McWhiney, Grady 7744: 7726:McWhiney, Grady 7708:10.2307/2206011 7690:McWhiney, Grady 7675: 7673: 7557: 7555: 7470: 7431: 7302: 7241:, eds. (2012). 7235:Bailyn, Bernard 7226: 7201: 7199:Further reading 7196: 7186: 7184: 7172: 7168: 7158: 7156: 7144: 7140: 7131: 7130: 7121: 7116:. p. 1129. 7110: 7106: 7095: 7091: 7081: 7079: 7071: 7070: 7066: 7056: 7054: 7045: 7044: 7040: 7031: 7027: 7017: 7015: 7010: 7009: 7005: 6999: 6995: 6985: 6983: 6976: 6972: 6971: 6946: 6937: 6933: 6924: 6920: 6911: 6907: 6902: 6898: 6889: 6885: 6876: 6872: 6867: 6863: 6853: 6851: 6838: 6837: 6833: 6823: 6821: 6808: 6807: 6803: 6788: 6784: 6774: 6772: 6767: 6766: 6762: 6734: 6730: 6720: 6718: 6715: 6711: 6710: 6706: 6696: 6694: 6689: 6688: 6684: 6674: 6672: 6667: 6666: 6662: 6653: 6649: 6643:American Speech 6640: 6636: 6627: 6623: 6614: 6610: 6601: 6597: 6588: 6584: 6575: 6571: 6562: 6558: 6549: 6545: 6539:The Iron Barons 6536: 6532: 6525: 6511: 6504: 6495: 6491: 6482: 6478: 6469: 6465: 6456: 6452: 6443: 6439: 6430: 6426: 6417: 6413: 6404: 6400: 6396:1999 3(3): 9–19 6391: 6387: 6381:History Ireland 6374: 6370: 6365: 6361: 6352: 6348: 6339: 6335: 6330: 6321: 6312: 6308: 6299: 6295: 6286: 6282: 6277: 6273: 6268: 6264: 6247: 6243: 6233: 6231: 6223: 6222: 6218: 6208: 6206: 6198: 6197: 6193: 6183: 6181: 6173: 6172: 6168: 6158: 6156: 6143: 6142: 6135: 6129:Wayback Machine 6118: 6114: 6107: 6093: 6089: 6079: 6077: 6072: 6071: 6067: 6055: 6051: 6042: 6035: 6026: 6022: 6014: 6010: 6001: 5997: 5988: 5984: 5975: 5971: 5962: 5958: 5943: 5903: 5899: 5884: 5848: 5844: 5835: 5831: 5810: 5806: 5793: 5789: 5774: 5770: 5765: 5761: 5756: 5752: 5742: 5740: 5735: 5734: 5730: 5711: 5710: 5706: 5698:Kingsley Amis, 5697: 5693: 5681: 5677: 5666: 5662: 5644: 5640: 5635: 5631: 5621: 5619: 5617: 5599: 5595: 5589:History Ireland 5586: 5582: 5573: 5569: 5556: 5552: 5541: 5527: 5523: 5504: 5475: 5471: 5467:Leyburn p. 331. 5466: 5462: 5457: 5453: 5448: 5444: 5431: 5427: 5419: 5415: 5405: 5401: 5392: 5388: 5383: 5376: 5366: 5344: 5340: 5330: 5316:Chapel Hill, NC 5304: 5300: 5285: 5281: 5227: 5223: 5199: 5181: 5177: 5168: 5167: 5163: 5153: 5151: 5143: 5139: 5138: 5134: 5124: 5122: 5107: 5103: 5088: 5084: 5074: 5072: 5064: 5063: 5059: 5055: 5022:Irish Americans 4993: 4930:Lieutenant J.G. 4898:Lieutenant J.G. 4894:Lieutenant J.G. 4873:Lieutenant J.G. 4758:Harry S. Truman 4685:Robert Taft Sr. 4669:Minority Leader 4375:Abraham Lincoln 4216:U.S. Volunteers 4124:James Knox Polk 4100: 4098:U.S. presidents 4091: 4080: 4074: 4071: 4060: 4048: 4037: 4030: 4016: 3991: 3937:Presbyterianism 3933: 3903: 3901: 3879: 3877: 3856: 3854: 3833: 3831: 3809: 3807: 3785: 3783: 3762: 3760: 3739: 3737: 3716: 3714: 3693: 3691: 3670: 3668: 3647: 3645: 3624: 3622: 3601: 3599: 3578: 3576: 3555: 3553: 3532: 3530: 3509: 3507: 3486: 3484: 3462: 3460: 3438: 3436: 3415: 3413: 3392: 3390: 3369: 3367: 3346: 3344: 3323: 3321: 3300: 3298: 3277: 3275: 3254: 3252: 3231: 3229: 3208: 3206: 3185: 3183: 3162: 3160: 3139: 3137: 3116: 3114: 3093: 3091: 3070: 3068: 3047: 3045: 3024: 3022: 3001: 2999: 2978: 2976: 2954: 2952: 2930: 2928: 2907: 2905: 2884: 2882: 2861: 2859: 2838: 2836: 2815: 2813: 2792: 2790: 2769: 2767: 2746: 2744: 2723: 2721: 2692: 2684: 2683: 2677: 2487: 2354: 2352: 2332:Spanish America 2324: 2295: 2265: 2230: 2206: 2204: 2183: 2181: 2160: 2158: 2137: 2135: 2114: 2112: 2091: 2089: 2067: 2065: 2043: 2041: 2020: 2018: 1997: 1995: 1974: 1972: 1951: 1949: 1927: 1917: 1915: 1893: 1891: 1869: 1867: 1846: 1844: 1818: 1804: 1786: 1771: 1770: 1721: 1705: 1584: 1569: 1560: 1548: 1511: 1487: 1445: 1414: 1385: 1358:Charles Carroll 1354:Edward Rutledge 1326: 1260: 1252:Wilderness Road 1205: 1133: 1132: 1131: 1130: 1129: 1122: 1113: 1112: 1111: 1100: 1091: 1090: 1089: 1082: 1073: 1072: 1071: 1057: 1046: 1022:United Irishmen 918:and elsewhere. 840:Nine Years' War 803:. Known as the 742: 732: 716:Main articles: 714: 667: 560:Lewes, Delaware 523:Merriam-Webster 488: 433: 323: 239:Irish Americans 151: 130:, and northern 117: 87: 82: 75: 74: 69: 55: 51: 46: 39: 32:Irish Americans 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 9465: 9455: 9454: 9452:Irish diaspora 9449: 9444: 9439: 9434: 9429: 9424: 9419: 9402: 9401: 9399: 9398: 9397: 9396: 9391: 9386: 9376: 9375: 9374: 9369: 9364: 9359: 9348: 9346: 9342: 9341: 9339: 9338: 9333: 9328: 9327: 9326: 9318: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9306: 9296: 9295: 9294: 9289: 9281: 9280: 9279: 9274: 9269: 9260: 9258: 9252: 9251: 9249: 9248: 9247: 9246: 9241: 9236: 9231: 9226: 9221: 9211: 9210: 9209: 9201: 9196: 9195: 9194: 9186: 9185: 9184: 9179: 9178: 9177: 9167: 9162: 9157: 9152: 9147: 9136: 9134: 9128: 9127: 9125: 9124: 9119: 9118: 9117: 9112: 9107: 9099: 9087: 9082: 9077: 9072: 9071: 9070: 9065: 9055: 9049: 9047: 9043: 9042: 9040: 9039: 9034: 9029: 9023: 9021: 9017: 9016: 9014: 9013: 9008: 9007: 9006: 8998: 8993: 8988: 8987: 8986: 8981: 8973: 8972: 8971: 8961: 8955: 8953: 8949: 8948: 8946: 8945: 8940: 8935: 8929: 8927: 8921: 8920: 8917: 8916: 8914:Welsh diaspora 8911: 8906: 8901: 8895: 8894: 8891: 8890: 8883: 8882: 8875: 8868: 8860: 8851: 8850: 8848: 8847: 8846: 8845: 8838: 8831: 8821: 8816: 8815: 8814: 8807: 8794: 8792: 8788: 8787: 8785: 8784: 8783: 8782: 8777: 8765: 8764: 8763: 8762: 8761: 8754: 8742: 8735: 8723: 8718: 8713: 8712: 8711: 8704: 8691: 8689: 8685: 8684: 8682: 8681: 8676: 8675: 8674: 8662: 8657: 8652: 8647: 8642: 8637: 8636: 8635: 8623: 8618: 8617: 8616: 8609: 8602: 8595: 8583: 8582: 8581: 8569: 8564: 8559: 8554: 8549: 8543: 8541: 8540:Western Europe 8537: 8536: 8534: 8533: 8528: 8523: 8518: 8513: 8508: 8507: 8506: 8496: 8491: 8486: 8481: 8476: 8471: 8465: 8463: 8459: 8458: 8456: 8455: 8450: 8445: 8444: 8443: 8431: 8426: 8421: 8416: 8411: 8406: 8401: 8396: 8391: 8386: 8381: 8376: 8370: 8368: 8364: 8363: 8361: 8360: 8355: 8350: 8349: 8348: 8341: 8329: 8324: 8319: 8314: 8309: 8308: 8307: 8295: 8290: 8285: 8279: 8277: 8273: 8272: 8270: 8269: 8264: 8259: 8254: 8249: 8244: 8239: 8234: 8229: 8224: 8219: 8214: 8208: 8206: 8205:Eastern Europe 8202: 8201: 8199: 8198: 8193: 8188: 8183: 8182: 8181: 8169: 8164: 8159: 8154: 8153: 8152: 8140: 8139: 8138: 8131: 8124: 8117: 8105: 8100: 8094: 8092: 8091:Central Europe 8088: 8087: 8080: 8079: 8072: 8065: 8057: 8051: 8050: 8045: 8040: 8035: 8030: 8025: 8020: 8015: 8008: 8007:External links 8005: 8004: 8003: 8002: 8001: 7984: 7976:Broadway Books 7962: 7924: 7918: 7902: 7896: 7876: 7869: 7862: 7855: 7840: 7834:978-0195051872 7833: 7809: 7803:978-0811827836 7802: 7788:, ed. (2001). 7782: 7775: 7769:978-0817304584 7768: 7748: 7743:978-0817302290 7742: 7722: 7682: 7659: 7644: 7629: 7614: 7599: 7584: 7574: 7564: 7542: 7527: 7512: 7497: 7490: 7475: 7468: 7446: 7436: 7429: 7407: 7392: 7377: 7362: 7349: 7306: 7300: 7285: 7270: 7255: 7231: 7224: 7216:Broadway Books 7200: 7197: 7195: 7194: 7166: 7138: 7119: 7104: 7089: 7073:"John Johnson" 7064: 7038: 7025: 7003: 6993: 6944: 6931: 6918: 6905: 6896: 6883: 6870: 6861: 6831: 6801: 6782: 6760: 6728: 6704: 6682: 6660: 6647: 6634: 6621: 6608: 6595: 6582: 6569: 6556: 6543: 6530: 6523: 6502: 6489: 6476: 6463: 6450: 6448:, pp. 161−171. 6437: 6435:, pp. 130–146. 6424: 6411: 6398: 6385: 6368: 6359: 6346: 6333: 6319: 6306: 6293: 6280: 6271: 6262: 6241: 6216: 6191: 6166: 6133: 6112: 6105: 6087: 6065: 6049: 6033: 6020: 6008: 5995: 5982: 5969: 5956: 5942:978-0674375123 5941: 5915:Handlin, Oscar 5913:; Orlov, Ann; 5897: 5883:978-0674375123 5882: 5860:Handlin, Oscar 5858:; Orlov, Ann; 5852:"Scotch-Irish" 5842: 5829: 5804: 5787: 5768: 5759: 5750: 5737:"Ancestry.com" 5728: 5704: 5691: 5675: 5660: 5657:. p. 239. 5647:Somers, Robert 5638: 5629: 5615: 5593: 5580: 5567: 5550: 5540:978-1903688007 5539: 5521: 5502: 5469: 5460: 5451: 5442: 5432:H. Dalrymple, 5425: 5413: 5399: 5386: 5374: 5364: 5338: 5329:978-0807842591 5328: 5322:. p. xi. 5298: 5292:2020-02-13 at 5279: 5221: 5198:978-1596914193 5197: 5175: 5161: 5132: 5101: 5082: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5050: 5049: 5044: 5039: 5034: 5029: 5024: 5019: 5014: 5009: 5004: 4999: 4992: 4989: 4988: 4987: 4976: 4971: 4963:, 1995–2000); 4954: 4952:George W. Bush 4949: 4938: 4933: 4910: 4905: 4881: 4876: 4849:County Kildare 4841: 4836: 4806: 4801: 4791:1st Lieutenant 4760: 4755: 4729: 4727:Woodrow Wilson 4724: 4687:, was born in 4677: 4672: 4638:Mittie Bulloch 4634: 4629: 4582: 4577: 4546: 4541: 4515: 4510: 4496:New York Guard 4475: 4470: 4467:2nd Lieutenant 4416: 4411: 4363:North Carolina 4347: 4345:Andrew Johnson 4342: 4300:County Donegal 4288: 4286:James Buchanan 4283: 4252:. He moved to 4250:North Carolina 4238: 4233: 4161:South Carolina 4153: 4151:Andrew Jackson 4120:Chester Arthur 4116:James Buchanan 4112:Andrew Jackson 4099: 4096: 4093: 4092: 4075:September 2020 4051: 4049: 4042: 4029: 4028:Notable people 4026: 4015: 4012: 3990: 3987: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3925: 3920: 3913: 3897: 3896: 3893: 3888: 3874: 3873: 3870: 3865: 3851: 3850: 3847: 3842: 3828: 3827: 3824: 3819: 3803: 3802: 3799: 3794: 3780: 3779: 3776: 3771: 3757: 3756: 3753: 3748: 3734: 3733: 3730: 3725: 3711: 3710: 3707: 3702: 3688: 3687: 3684: 3679: 3665: 3664: 3661: 3656: 3654:South Carolina 3642: 3641: 3638: 3633: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3610: 3596: 3595: 3592: 3587: 3573: 3572: 3569: 3564: 3550: 3549: 3546: 3541: 3527: 3526: 3523: 3518: 3504: 3503: 3500: 3495: 3493:North Carolina 3481: 3480: 3477: 3472: 3456: 3455: 3452: 3447: 3433: 3432: 3429: 3424: 3410: 3409: 3406: 3401: 3387: 3386: 3383: 3378: 3364: 3363: 3360: 3355: 3341: 3340: 3337: 3332: 3318: 3317: 3314: 3309: 3295: 3294: 3291: 3286: 3272: 3271: 3268: 3263: 3249: 3248: 3245: 3240: 3226: 3225: 3222: 3217: 3203: 3202: 3199: 3194: 3180: 3179: 3176: 3171: 3157: 3156: 3153: 3148: 3134: 3133: 3130: 3125: 3111: 3110: 3107: 3102: 3088: 3087: 3084: 3079: 3065: 3064: 3061: 3056: 3042: 3041: 3038: 3033: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3010: 2996: 2995: 2992: 2987: 2973: 2972: 2969: 2964: 2948: 2947: 2944: 2939: 2925: 2924: 2921: 2916: 2902: 2901: 2898: 2893: 2879: 2878: 2875: 2870: 2856: 2855: 2852: 2847: 2833: 2832: 2829: 2824: 2810: 2809: 2806: 2801: 2787: 2786: 2783: 2778: 2764: 2763: 2760: 2755: 2741: 2740: 2737: 2732: 2718: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2676: 2673: 2672: 2671: 2657: 2647: 2641: 2631: 2625: 2618:South Carolina 2615: 2612:North Carolina 2605: 2604: 2601:South Carolina 2598: 2592: 2586: 2580: 2574: 2568: 2562: 2556: 2553:North Carolina 2550: 2486: 2483: 2480: 2479: 2476: 2473: 2469: 2468: 2465: 2462: 2458: 2457: 2454: 2451: 2444: 2443: 2440: 2437: 2430: 2429: 2426: 2423: 2416: 2415: 2412: 2409: 2402: 2401: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2390: 2386: 2385: 2377: 2376: 2371: 2364: 2348: 2347: 2342: 2335: 2320: 2319: 2314: 2307: 2303:French America 2290: 2289: 2284: 2277: 2260: 2259: 2252: 2243: 2224: 2223: 2220: 2215: 2201: 2200: 2197: 2192: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2169: 2167:South Carolina 2155: 2154: 2151: 2146: 2132: 2131: 2128: 2123: 2109: 2108: 2105: 2100: 2098:North Carolina 2086: 2085: 2082: 2077: 2061: 2060: 2057: 2052: 2038: 2037: 2034: 2029: 2015: 2014: 2011: 2006: 1992: 1991: 1988: 1983: 1969: 1968: 1965: 1960: 1946: 1945: 1942: 1937: 1912: 1911: 1908: 1903: 1887: 1886: 1883: 1878: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1855: 1841: 1840: 1837: 1833: 1832: 1815: 1814: 1802: 1761:United Kingdom 1729:Irish province 1720: 1717: 1704: 1701: 1698: 1697: 1694: 1690: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1681: 1678: 1674: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1665: 1662: 1658: 1657: 1654: 1650: 1649: 1646: 1642: 1641: 1638: 1634: 1633: 1630: 1626: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1617: 1614: 1610: 1609: 1606: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1594: 1593: 1590: 1583: 1580: 1568: 1565: 1559: 1556: 1547: 1544: 1510: 1507: 1486: 1483: 1444: 1441: 1413: 1410: 1384: 1381: 1325: 1322: 1259: 1256: 1217:Delaware River 1204: 1201: 1185:South Carolina 1181:North Carolina 1123: 1116: 1115: 1114: 1101: 1094: 1093: 1092: 1083: 1076: 1075: 1074: 1058: 1051: 1050: 1049: 1048: 1047: 1045: 1042: 916:Rathlin Island 830:in 1603, when 805:Border Reivers 789:Border Country 713: 710: 666: 663: 592: 591: 564: 563: 556: 545: 487: 481: 463:, ... or 457:butterscottish 354:Northumberland 322: 319: 254: 253: 203: 202: 198: 197: 169:Predominantly 166: 165: 161: 160: 140: 139: 135: 134: 107:North Carolina 95: 94: 90: 89: 63: 62: 49: 26: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9464: 9453: 9450: 9448: 9445: 9443: 9440: 9438: 9435: 9433: 9430: 9428: 9425: 9423: 9420: 9418: 9415: 9414: 9412: 9395: 9392: 9390: 9387: 9385: 9382: 9381: 9380: 9377: 9373: 9370: 9368: 9365: 9363: 9360: 9358: 9355: 9354: 9353: 9350: 9349: 9347: 9343: 9337: 9334: 9332: 9329: 9325: 9322: 9321: 9319: 9315: 9312: 9310: 9307: 9305: 9302: 9301: 9300: 9297: 9293: 9290: 9288: 9285: 9284: 9282: 9278: 9275: 9273: 9270: 9268: 9265: 9264: 9262: 9261: 9259: 9257: 9256:South America 9253: 9245: 9242: 9240: 9237: 9235: 9232: 9230: 9227: 9225: 9222: 9220: 9217: 9216: 9215: 9214:United States 9212: 9208: 9205: 9204: 9202: 9200: 9197: 9193: 9190: 9189: 9187: 9183: 9180: 9176: 9173: 9172: 9171: 9168: 9166: 9163: 9161: 9158: 9156: 9153: 9151: 9148: 9146: 9143: 9142: 9141: 9138: 9137: 9135: 9133: 9132:North America 9129: 9123: 9120: 9116: 9113: 9111: 9108: 9106: 9103: 9102: 9100: 9096: 9091: 9088: 9086: 9083: 9081: 9078: 9076: 9073: 9069: 9066: 9064: 9061: 9060: 9059: 9056: 9054: 9051: 9050: 9048: 9044: 9038: 9035: 9033: 9030: 9028: 9025: 9024: 9022: 9018: 9012: 9009: 9005: 9002: 9001: 8999: 8997: 8994: 8992: 8989: 8985: 8982: 8980: 8977: 8976: 8974: 8970: 8967: 8966: 8965: 8962: 8960: 8957: 8956: 8954: 8950: 8944: 8941: 8939: 8936: 8934: 8931: 8930: 8928: 8926: 8922: 8915: 8912: 8910: 8907: 8905: 8902: 8900: 8897: 8896: 8892: 8888: 8881: 8876: 8874: 8869: 8867: 8862: 8861: 8858: 8843: 8839: 8836: 8832: 8827: 8826: 8825: 8822: 8820: 8817: 8812: 8811:San Francisco 8808: 8805: 8801: 8800: 8799: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8789: 8778: 8775: 8771: 8770: 8769: 8766: 8759: 8755: 8750: 8749: 8747: 8743: 8740: 8736: 8733: 8729: 8728: 8727: 8724: 8722: 8719: 8717: 8714: 8709: 8705: 8702: 8698: 8697: 8696: 8693: 8692: 8690: 8686: 8680: 8677: 8672: 8668: 8667: 8666: 8663: 8661: 8658: 8656: 8653: 8651: 8648: 8646: 8643: 8641: 8640:Luxembourgian 8638: 8633: 8629: 8628: 8627: 8624: 8622: 8619: 8614: 8610: 8607: 8603: 8600: 8596: 8593: 8589: 8588: 8587: 8584: 8579: 8575: 8574: 8573: 8570: 8568: 8565: 8563: 8560: 8558: 8555: 8553: 8550: 8548: 8545: 8544: 8542: 8538: 8532: 8529: 8527: 8524: 8522: 8519: 8517: 8514: 8512: 8509: 8505: 8502: 8501: 8500: 8497: 8495: 8492: 8490: 8487: 8485: 8482: 8480: 8477: 8475: 8472: 8470: 8467: 8466: 8464: 8460: 8454: 8451: 8449: 8446: 8441: 8440:Alaskan Serbs 8437: 8436: 8435: 8432: 8430: 8427: 8425: 8422: 8420: 8417: 8415: 8412: 8410: 8407: 8405: 8402: 8400: 8397: 8395: 8392: 8390: 8387: 8385: 8382: 8380: 8377: 8375: 8372: 8371: 8369: 8365: 8359: 8356: 8354: 8351: 8346: 8342: 8339: 8335: 8334: 8333: 8330: 8328: 8325: 8323: 8320: 8318: 8315: 8313: 8310: 8305: 8301: 8300: 8299: 8296: 8294: 8291: 8289: 8286: 8284: 8281: 8280: 8278: 8274: 8268: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8255: 8253: 8250: 8248: 8245: 8243: 8240: 8238: 8235: 8233: 8230: 8228: 8225: 8223: 8220: 8218: 8215: 8213: 8210: 8209: 8207: 8203: 8197: 8194: 8192: 8189: 8187: 8184: 8179: 8175: 8174: 8173: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8163: 8160: 8158: 8155: 8150: 8146: 8145: 8144: 8141: 8136: 8132: 8129: 8125: 8122: 8118: 8115: 8111: 8110: 8109: 8106: 8104: 8101: 8099: 8096: 8095: 8093: 8089: 8085: 8078: 8073: 8071: 8066: 8064: 8059: 8058: 8055: 8049: 8046: 8044: 8041: 8039: 8036: 8034: 8031: 8029: 8026: 8024: 8021: 8019: 8016: 8014: 8011: 8010: 7999: 7995: 7992: 7991: 7987: 7981: 7977: 7973: 7972: 7967: 7963: 7959: 7955: 7951: 7947: 7943: 7939: 7935: 7934: 7929: 7925: 7921: 7915: 7911: 7907: 7903: 7899: 7893: 7889: 7885: 7881: 7877: 7874: 7870: 7867: 7863: 7860: 7856: 7853: 7852:1-887932-75-5 7849: 7845: 7841: 7836: 7830: 7826: 7821: 7820: 7814: 7813:Miller, Kerby 7810: 7805: 7799: 7795: 7791: 7787: 7786:Miller, Kerby 7783: 7780: 7776: 7771: 7765: 7761: 7757: 7753: 7749: 7745: 7739: 7735: 7731: 7727: 7723: 7717: 7713: 7709: 7705: 7702:(2): 147–66. 7701: 7697: 7696: 7691: 7687: 7683: 7671: 7670: 7665: 7660: 7657: 7656:0-8078-4259-1 7653: 7649: 7645: 7642: 7641:0-471-31578-8 7638: 7634: 7630: 7627: 7626:1-898787-79-4 7623: 7619: 7615: 7612: 7611:1-84030-011-6 7608: 7604: 7600: 7597: 7596:1-84030-061-2 7593: 7589: 7585: 7583: 7579: 7575: 7573: 7569: 7565: 7554: 7553: 7548: 7543: 7540: 7539:0-8225-1022-7 7536: 7532: 7528: 7525: 7521: 7517: 7513: 7510: 7509:0-691-07462-3 7506: 7502: 7498: 7495: 7491: 7488: 7487:0-7884-0945-X 7484: 7480: 7476: 7471: 7465: 7461: 7457: 7456: 7451: 7447: 7445: 7441: 7437: 7432: 7426: 7422: 7418: 7417: 7412: 7408: 7405: 7404:0-8063-0850-8 7401: 7397: 7393: 7390: 7386: 7382: 7379:Drymon, M. M. 7378: 7375: 7374:0-7864-0614-3 7371: 7367: 7363: 7359: 7355: 7350: 7346: 7342: 7338: 7334: 7330: 7326: 7322: 7318: 7314: 7313: 7307: 7303: 7301:9781851096145 7297: 7293: 7292: 7286: 7283: 7282:0-8173-0823-7 7279: 7275: 7271: 7269:) Novelistic. 7268: 7267:0-9617367-1-2 7264: 7260: 7256: 7254: 7248: 7244: 7240: 7236: 7232: 7227: 7221: 7217: 7213: 7212: 7207: 7203: 7202: 7183: 7182: 7177: 7170: 7155: 7154: 7149: 7142: 7134: 7128: 7126: 7124: 7115: 7108: 7101:. p. 74. 7100: 7097:Jeff Carter. 7093: 7078: 7074: 7068: 7052: 7048: 7042: 7035: 7029: 7013: 7007: 6997: 6982: 6975: 6969: 6967: 6965: 6963: 6961: 6959: 6957: 6955: 6953: 6951: 6949: 6941: 6935: 6928: 6922: 6915: 6909: 6900: 6893: 6887: 6880: 6874: 6865: 6849: 6845: 6841: 6835: 6819: 6815: 6811: 6805: 6797: 6793: 6786: 6770: 6764: 6756: 6752: 6748: 6744: 6743: 6738: 6732: 6714: 6708: 6692: 6686: 6670: 6664: 6657: 6656:Albion's Seed 6651: 6644: 6638: 6631: 6625: 6619:1994 15: 7-44 6618: 6612: 6605: 6599: 6592: 6586: 6579: 6573: 6566: 6560: 6553: 6547: 6540: 6537:John Ingham, 6534: 6526: 6520: 6516: 6509: 6507: 6500:107(1): 26–41 6499: 6493: 6486: 6480: 6473: 6467: 6460: 6454: 6447: 6441: 6434: 6428: 6421: 6415: 6408: 6405:Kevin Kenny, 6402: 6395: 6389: 6382: 6378: 6372: 6363: 6356: 6350: 6343: 6337: 6328: 6326: 6324: 6316: 6310: 6304:(1939) p. 51. 6303: 6297: 6290: 6284: 6275: 6266: 6259: 6255: 6251: 6245: 6230: 6226: 6220: 6205: 6201: 6195: 6180: 6176: 6170: 6154: 6150: 6146: 6140: 6138: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6121:"Scots-Irish" 6116: 6108: 6102: 6098: 6091: 6075: 6069: 6062: 6059: 6053: 6046: 6040: 6038: 6030: 6024: 6018: 6012: 6005: 5999: 5992: 5986: 5979: 5973: 5966: 5965:Albion's Seed 5960: 5952: 5948: 5944: 5938: 5934: 5930: 5926: 5925:Cambridge, MA 5922: 5921: 5916: 5912: 5908: 5901: 5893: 5889: 5885: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5870:Cambridge, MA 5867: 5866: 5861: 5857: 5853: 5846: 5839: 5833: 5825: 5821: 5820: 5815: 5808: 5801: 5797: 5791: 5783: 5779: 5772: 5763: 5754: 5738: 5732: 5724: 5720: 5719: 5714: 5708: 5701: 5695: 5688: 5684: 5679: 5673: 5671: 5664: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5642: 5633: 5618: 5616:9781608190102 5612: 5608: 5604: 5597: 5590: 5584: 5577: 5571: 5564: 5560: 5554: 5547: 5542: 5536: 5532: 5525: 5518: 5516: 5512: 5505: 5503:9780684130637 5499: 5495: 5491: 5486: 5485: 5479: 5473: 5464: 5458:Leyburn p xi. 5455: 5446: 5439: 5435: 5429: 5422: 5417: 5411: 5409: 5403: 5396: 5390: 5381: 5379: 5371: 5367: 5361: 5357: 5353: 5349: 5342: 5335: 5331: 5325: 5321: 5317: 5312: 5311: 5302: 5295: 5294:archive.today 5291: 5288: 5283: 5276: 5272: 5268: 5264: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5244: 5240: 5237: 5236: 5231: 5225: 5218: 5215: 5211: 5206: 5200: 5194: 5191:. p. x. 5190: 5186: 5179: 5171: 5165: 5149: 5142: 5136: 5121: 5120: 5115: 5111: 5105: 5099: 5098:0-7679-1688-3 5095: 5091: 5086: 5071: 5067: 5061: 5057: 5048: 5045: 5043: 5040: 5038: 5035: 5033: 5030: 5028: 5025: 5023: 5020: 5018: 5015: 5013: 5010: 5008: 5005: 5003: 5000: 4998: 4995: 4994: 4985: 4982:, 2005–2008; 4981: 4977: 4975: 4972: 4969: 4966: 4962: 4959: 4955: 4953: 4950: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4937: 4934: 4931: 4927: 4923: 4920:, 1974–1975; 4919: 4916:, 1976–1977; 4915: 4911: 4909: 4906: 4903: 4899: 4895: 4891: 4888:, 1971–1975; 4887: 4882: 4880: 4877: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4845:County Antrim 4842: 4840: 4839:Richard Nixon 4837: 4834: 4831: 4828:, 1937–1949; 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4811: 4810:Dumfriesshire 4807: 4805: 4802: 4799: 4796: 4793:, 1917–1918; 4792: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4773: 4770:, 1927–1935; 4769: 4766:, 1935–1945; 4765: 4761: 4759: 4756: 4753: 4750:, 1911–1913; 4749: 4746: 4742: 4741:County Tyrone 4738: 4734: 4730: 4728: 4725: 4722: 4718: 4715:, 1901–1903; 4714: 4710: 4707:, 1904–1908; 4706: 4703:, 1921–1930; 4702: 4698: 4694: 4690: 4686: 4682: 4678: 4676: 4673: 4670: 4667: 4664:, 1895–1897; 4663: 4660:, 1897–1898; 4659: 4655: 4651: 4647: 4646:County Antrim 4643: 4639: 4635: 4633: 4630: 4627: 4623: 4619: 4615: 4611: 4607: 4603: 4599: 4595: 4594:County Antrim 4591: 4587: 4583: 4581: 4578: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4545: 4542: 4539: 4535: 4532:, 1883–1885; 4531: 4528: 4524: 4523:County Antrim 4520: 4516: 4514: 4511: 4508: 4504: 4500: 4497: 4494:, 1871–1878; 4493: 4489: 4488:County Antrim 4485: 4481: 4476: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4464: 4461: 4457: 4453: 4449: 4445: 4444:Major General 4441: 4437: 4434:, 1867–1868; 4433: 4429: 4425: 4424:County Tyrone 4421: 4417: 4415: 4412: 4409: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4395: 4391: 4388:, 1843–1853; 4387: 4383: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4368: 4364: 4360: 4359:County Antrim 4356: 4352: 4348: 4346: 4343: 4340: 4337:, 1853–1856; 4336: 4333:, 1832–1833; 4332: 4329:, 1823–1831; 4328: 4324: 4320: 4316: 4313: 4309: 4305: 4304:Stirlingshire 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4287: 4284: 4281: 4278:, 1833–1839; 4277: 4273: 4269: 4266: 4263:, 1835–1839; 4262: 4259: 4255: 4251: 4247: 4243: 4239: 4237: 4236:James K. Polk 4234: 4231: 4227: 4226:Major General 4224: 4221:, 1812–1814; 4220: 4219:Major General 4217: 4214:, 1814–1821; 4213: 4212:Major General 4210: 4206: 4202: 4199:, 1796–1797; 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4178: 4174: 4173:County Antrim 4170: 4169:Carrickfergus 4166: 4162: 4158: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4148: 4147: 4143: 4141: 4135: 4133: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4117: 4113: 4109: 4105: 4089: 4086: 4078: 4068: 4064: 4058: 4057: 4052:This section 4050: 4046: 4041: 4040: 4035: 4025: 4022: 4011: 4009: 4008:Charles Hodge 4005: 4000: 3996: 3986: 3983: 3978: 3974: 3968: 3966: 3962: 3958: 3954: 3950: 3946: 3942: 3938: 3924: 3919: 3912: 3911: 3910:United States 3899: 3887: 3876: 3875: 3864: 3853: 3852: 3841: 3840:West Virginia 3830: 3829: 3817: 3805: 3804: 3793: 3782: 3781: 3770: 3759: 3758: 3747: 3736: 3735: 3724: 3713: 3712: 3701: 3690: 3689: 3678: 3667: 3666: 3655: 3644: 3643: 3632: 3621: 3620: 3609: 3598: 3597: 3586: 3575: 3574: 3563: 3552: 3551: 3540: 3529: 3528: 3517: 3506: 3505: 3494: 3483: 3482: 3470: 3458: 3457: 3446: 3435: 3434: 3423: 3412: 3411: 3400: 3399:New Hampshire 3389: 3388: 3377: 3366: 3365: 3354: 3343: 3342: 3331: 3320: 3319: 3308: 3297: 3296: 3285: 3274: 3273: 3262: 3251: 3250: 3239: 3228: 3227: 3216: 3215:Massachusetts 3205: 3204: 3193: 3182: 3181: 3170: 3159: 3158: 3147: 3136: 3135: 3124: 3113: 3112: 3101: 3090: 3089: 3078: 3067: 3066: 3055: 3044: 3043: 3032: 3021: 3020: 3009: 2998: 2997: 2986: 2975: 2974: 2962: 2950: 2949: 2938: 2927: 2926: 2915: 2904: 2903: 2892: 2881: 2880: 2869: 2858: 2857: 2846: 2835: 2834: 2823: 2812: 2811: 2800: 2789: 2788: 2777: 2766: 2765: 2754: 2743: 2742: 2731: 2720: 2719: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2702: 2696: 2688: 2680: 2669: 2665: 2661: 2658: 2655: 2651: 2648: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2635: 2632: 2629: 2628:West Virginia 2626: 2623: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2609: 2608: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2587: 2584: 2581: 2578: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2566: 2563: 2560: 2557: 2554: 2551: 2548: 2545: 2544: 2543: 2541: 2536: 2534: 2525: 2521: 2519: 2514: 2512: 2508: 2504: 2503:The Carolinas 2500: 2496: 2492: 2477: 2474: 2471: 2470: 2463: 2460: 2459: 2455: 2452: 2449: 2446: 2445: 2441: 2438: 2435: 2432: 2431: 2427: 2424: 2421: 2418: 2417: 2413: 2410: 2407: 2404: 2403: 2398: 2394: 2391: 2388: 2387: 2382: 2375: 2370: 2363: 2362: 2361:United States 2346: 2341: 2334: 2333: 2328: 2318: 2313: 2305: 2304: 2299: 2288: 2283: 2275: 2274: 2269: 2258: 2257: 2251: 2250: 2241: 2240: 2239: 2234: 2214: 2202: 2191: 2179: 2168: 2156: 2145: 2133: 2122: 2110: 2099: 2087: 2075: 2062: 2051: 2039: 2028: 2027:New Hampshire 2016: 2005: 2004:Massachusetts 1993: 1982: 1970: 1959: 1947: 1936: 1931: 1925: 1913: 1901: 1888: 1877: 1865: 1854: 1842: 1838: 1835: 1834: 1831: 1827: 1822: 1816: 1813: 1808: 1801: 1797: 1794: 1790: 1785: 1781: 1775: 1768: 1766: 1762: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1730: 1726: 1725:Census Bureau 1716: 1712: 1710: 1707:According to 1695: 1692: 1687: 1684: 1679: 1676: 1671: 1668: 1663: 1660: 1655: 1652: 1647: 1644: 1639: 1636: 1631: 1628: 1623: 1620: 1615: 1612: 1607: 1604: 1599: 1596: 1591: 1588: 1579: 1577: 1576: 1575:Albion's Seed 1564: 1555: 1553: 1543: 1541: 1537: 1531: 1528: 1524: 1519: 1517: 1506: 1504: 1500: 1496: 1495:Thomas Mellon 1491: 1482: 1480: 1476: 1472: 1468: 1467:Barry A. Vann 1464: 1460: 1456: 1455: 1454:Born Fighting 1450: 1440: 1438: 1434: 1430: 1426: 1421: 1419: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1397: 1395: 1390: 1380: 1378: 1374: 1369: 1367: 1361: 1359: 1355: 1351: 1347: 1346:Thomas McKean 1343: 1339: 1335: 1334:George Taylor 1331: 1321: 1319: 1315: 1311: 1306: 1304: 1298: 1296: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1271: 1269: 1268:Pontiac's War 1265: 1255: 1253: 1249: 1245: 1240: 1238: 1234: 1230: 1226: 1222: 1218: 1213: 1211: 1200: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1168: 1166: 1165:New Hampshire 1162: 1158: 1157:Cotton Mather 1153: 1151: 1142: 1137: 1127: 1120: 1109: 1105: 1098: 1087: 1080: 1069: 1066: 1062: 1055: 1041: 1039: 1035: 1031: 1027: 1023: 1019: 1018:Presbyterians 1015: 1011: 1006: 1004: 1000: 996: 992: 988: 984: 980: 976: 975:Presbyterians 973: 969: 965: 960: 958: 953: 949: 945: 944:United States 941: 936: 933: 929: 928:Carrickfergus 924: 919: 917: 913: 909: 905: 904:William Petty 901: 899: 895: 891: 887: 883: 878: 876: 872: 868: 864: 860: 855: 853: 852:Border Reiver 849: 845: 841: 837: 833: 829: 821: 817: 812: 808: 806: 802: 798: 794: 790: 786: 782: 778: 773: 771: 767: 763: 759: 755: 751: 747: 741: 737: 731: 727: 723: 719: 709: 707: 703: 699: 694: 692: 687: 684: 680: 675: 673: 662: 659: 655: 651: 647: 643: 639: 634: 632: 627: 625: 621: 614: 612: 605: 603: 599: 598: 589: 585: 581: 577: 576: 575: 573: 569: 561: 557: 554: 550: 546: 543: 539: 538: 537: 534: 532: 528: 524: 519: 517: 513: 509: 505: 501: 492: 486: 480: 478: 474: 470: 466: 465:Scottish pine 462: 458: 454: 450: 449:Kingsley Amis 445: 443: 439: 431: 426: 424: 420: 415: 410: 406: 401: 399: 395: 391: 387: 383: 382:Davy Crockett 380:ancestors of 379: 375: 371: 367: 363: 359: 355: 350: 349:Scotch-Irish, 346: 342: 340: 334: 332: 328: 318: 315: 311: 307: 303: 298: 296: 292: 288: 284: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 260: 252: 248: 244: 240: 236: 232: 228: 224: 220: 216: 212: 208: 204: 199: 196: 192: 188: 184: 180: 176: 172: 167: 162: 159: 155: 149: 145: 141: 136: 133: 129: 125: 121: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 91: 85: 81: 78: 73: 68: 64: 59: 48: 44: 37: 33: 19: 9239:Scotch-Irish 9238: 9165:Scotch-Irish 9145:Anglo-Indian 8933:South Africa 8654: 8578:Jersey Dutch 8121:German Texan 7997: 7970: 7937: 7931: 7909: 7883: 7872: 7865: 7858: 7843: 7818: 7789: 7778: 7755: 7729: 7699: 7693: 7674:. 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L. 5472: 5463: 5454: 5445: 5437: 5433: 5428: 5420: 5416: 5407: 5402: 5394: 5389: 5369: 5347: 5341: 5333: 5309: 5301: 5282: 5274: 5270: 5266: 5258: 5250: 5246: 5242: 5233: 5224: 5214:Scotch-Irish 5213: 5209: 5204: 5202: 5184: 5178: 5164: 5152:. Retrieved 5135: 5125:September 7, 5123:. Retrieved 5117: 5104: 5089: 5085: 5073:. Retrieved 5060: 4986:, 1997–2004) 4974:Barack Obama 4970:, 1968–1974) 4948:, 1977–1979) 4936:Bill Clinton 4932:, 1942–1945) 4904:, 1946–1949) 4879:Jimmy Carter 4875:, 1942–1943) 4835:, 1940–1964) 4800:, 1905–1911) 4754:, 1902–1910) 4723:, 1890–1892) 4689:County Louth 4540:, 1871–1873) 4509:, 1861–1863) 4469:, 1843–1853) 4410:, 1862–1865) 4341:, 1814–1816) 4319:Pennsylvania 4282:, 1823–1825) 4232:, 1801–1802) 4185:U.S. Senator 4144: 4136: 4101: 4081: 4072: 4061:Please help 4056:verification 4053: 4017: 3992: 3969: 3934: 3922: 3915: 3900: 3677:South Dakota 3631:Rhode Island 3608:Pennsylvania 3516:North Dakota 2714: 2709: 2704: 2678: 2606: 2571:Pennsylvania 2540:Scotch-Irish 2537: 2530: 2515: 2488: 2373: 2366: 2351: 2344: 2337: 2323: 2316: 2309: 2294: 2286: 2279: 2264: 2255: 2254: 2246: 2245: 2229: 2228: 2144:Rhode Island 2121:Pennsylvania 1799: 1769: 1722: 1713: 1708: 1706: 1573: 1570: 1567:Language use 1561: 1549: 1532: 1520: 1512: 1492: 1488: 1478: 1474: 1470: 1452: 1446: 1435:. President 1425:Pennsylvania 1422: 1415: 1398: 1386: 1370: 1362: 1327: 1307: 1299: 1291:Ohio Country 1281:(Delaware), 1272: 1261: 1241: 1221:Bucks County 1214: 1206: 1169: 1154: 1146: 1007: 972:Northumbrian 961: 947: 937: 920: 902: 879: 856: 825: 774: 743: 695: 690: 688: 676: 668: 657: 649: 645: 637: 635: 630: 628: 624:Scandinavian 616: 611:Scotch-Irish 610: 607: 600:, historian 595: 593: 583: 572:Scotch-Irish 571: 567: 565: 535: 527:Scotch-Irish 526: 520: 503: 497: 485:Scotch-Irish 484: 476: 472: 468: 464: 460: 456: 453:Scotch-Irish 452: 446: 441: 438:Ulster-Scots 429: 427: 404: 402: 348: 347: 344: 336: 324: 302:Scotch-Irish 301: 299: 266: 262: 259:Scotch-Irish 258: 257: 211:Ulster Scots 195:Episcopalian 175:Presbyterian 154:Ulster Scots 152:Historical: 115:Pennsylvania 83: 79: 71: 70: 66: 50:Ethnic group 47: 9379:New Zealand 9150:Anglo-Métis 9093: [ 9020:Middle East 8804:Los Angeles 8521:Sammarinese 8504:before 1880 8419:Montenegrin 8312:Greenlandic 8217:Azerbaijani 7966:Webb, James 7928:Vann, Barry 7906:Vann, Barry 7880:Vann, Barry 7676:October 19, 7558:October 19, 7444:Online free 6854:October 30, 6824:October 30, 6617:Uncoverings 5440:s.v. toung. 5110:Webb, James 5075:October 12, 5066:"IPUMS USA" 4681:Taft family 4484:Cullybackey 4367:Greeneville 4165:Boneybefore 4140:melting pot 3284:Mississippi 2868:Connecticut 2654:Mississippi 2531:The author 2511:Nova Scotia 2499:New England 2491:Appalachian 1853:Connecticut 1784:1790 Census 1745:1790 Census 1527:Cecil Sharp 1342:George Read 1338:James Smith 1295:Paxton Boys 1237:grist mills 1225:Susquehanna 1173:Alleghenies 1126:Protestants 1034:egalitarian 952:Protestants 871:Covenanters 836:Elizabeth I 797:clan system 736:Gallowglass 706:Nova Scotia 504:of Scotland 430:Scots-Irish 414:Appalachian 366:Isle of Man 331:Elizabeth I 327:gallowglass 321:Terminology 263:Scots-Irish 215:Anglo-Irish 132:New England 120:Upper South 9411:Categories 9263:Argentina 9203:Nicaragua 9000:Sri Lanka 8798:California 8516:Portuguese 8409:Macedonian 8327:Lithuanian 8237:Circassian 8222:Belarusian 7944:: 87–106. 6755:1086749050 6675:August 27, 6515:Washington 5951:1038430174 5931:. p. 5892:1038430174 5718:Irish News 5672:1884 p 258 5622:August 13, 5515:Workington 5511:Cumberland 5492:. p. 5146:(Report). 5053:References 5002:Appalachia 4869:Lieutenant 4853:California 4699:in 1680. ( 4590:Ballymoney 4554:Union Army 4519:New Jersey 4405:Union Army 3982:Bible Belt 3977:Methodists 3963:Irish and 3816:Washington 3445:New Mexico 3422:New Jersey 2822:California 2715:Percentage 2559:California 2478:3,929,326 2414:2,100,000 2050:New Jersey 1782:as of the 1696:5,308,483 1688:3,929,326 1680:2,780,400 1672:2,418,000 1664:2,240,000 1656:1,485,634 1648:1,046,000 1516:Appalachia 1233:log cabins 1229:Cumberland 1038:republican 1032:-inspired 995:Penal Laws 977:, English 734:See also: 588:High-Dutch 542:Dorchester 498:The word " 428:The usage 358:Cumberland 124:Appalachia 99:California 84:27,000,000 9352:Australia 9320:Paraguay 8969:Hong Kong 8835:Louisiana 8791:By region 8716:Melungeon 8671:Wisconsin 8384:Bulgarian 8332:Norwegian 8317:Icelandic 8267:Ukrainian 8157:Kashubian 8143:Hungarian 7958:143386272 7942:Routledge 7345:145240474 7323:: 25–54. 6313:Dunaway, 5649:(1965) . 5603:"Preface" 5480:(1972) . 5352:Baltimore 4861:Commander 4833:Commander 4650:nativists 4428:Civil War 4420:Dergenagh 4371:Tennessee 4351:Mounthill 4254:Tennessee 4242:Coleraine 4209:U.S. Army 4189:Tennessee 4181:Tennessee 3999:New Light 3989:Princeton 3953:Huguenots 3951:, French 3941:Calvinist 3917:2,937,156 3863:Wisconsin 3700:Tennessee 3261:Minnesota 3146:Louisiana 2622:Tennessee 2577:Tennessee 1463:bear arms 1383:Loyalists 1368:of 1775. 1303:Lancaster 1197:Tennessee 1150:hillbilly 1104:Catholics 983:Huguenots 964:Calvinist 908:Portadown 882:Charles I 754:Dál Riata 665:Migration 658:Ulstermen 604:asserts: 580:W. MARSHE 423:railroads 386:Calvinist 310:Charles I 300:The term 267:Americans 223:Huguenots 191:Methodist 171:Calvinist 138:Languages 9389:Scottish 9367:Scottish 9309:Scottish 9292:Scottish 9272:Scottish 9234:Scottish 9192:Scottish 9188:Jamaica 9170:Scottish 9110:Scottish 9080:Portugal 9068:Scottish 9011:Thailand 8996:Pakistan 8984:Scottish 8938:Zimbabwe 8842:Maryland 8829:Arkansas 8660:Scottish 8613:Huguenot 8606:Canadian 8526:Sicilian 8494:Galician 8489:Corsican 8479:Canarian 8469:Asturian 8453:Yugoslav 8424:Romanian 8414:Moldovan 8394:Croatian 8374:Albanian 8288:Estonian 8247:Georgian 8212:Armenian 8172:Silesian 8098:Austrian 7968:(2004). 7908:(2004). 7882:(2008). 7815:(1988). 7754:(1989). 7452:(1989). 7413:(2006). 7208:(2007). 7077:Geneanet 7057:July 12, 6986:July 12, 6848:Archived 6818:Archived 6739:(1932). 6125:Archived 5917:(eds.). 5862:(eds.). 5290:Archived 4991:See also 4980:Illinois 4814:Scotland 4798:Corporal 4764:Missouri 4737:Strabane 4711:, 1906; 4536:, 1882; 4401:Alderman 4308:Scotland 4296:Ramelton 4207:, 1821; 4159:area of 3973:Baptists 3965:Anglican 3961:Catholic 3945:Puritans 3931:Religion 3792:Virginia 3562:Oklahoma 3469:New York 3353:Nebraska 3307:Missouri 3238:Michigan 3192:Maryland 3123:Kentucky 3031:Illinois 2891:Delaware 2845:Colorado 2799:Arkansas 2660:Kentucky 2638:Virginia 2583:Virginia 2533:Jim Webb 2461:Other -5 2442:150,000 2434:Scotland 2428:300,000 2213:Virginia 2074:New York 1981:Maryland 1924:Kentucky 1876:Delaware 1640:434,600 1632:270,000 1624:250,900 1616:200,000 1536:bogeyman 1449:Jim Webb 1394:Patriots 1389:Loyalism 1235:, their 1193:Kentucky 1177:Virginia 979:Baptists 968:Scottish 957:droughts 950:(1988), 877:, 1641. 832:James VI 781:Scotland 777:Lowlands 512:Scottish 508:Scotland 473:Scottish 461:hopscots 378:Huguenot 370:Flanders 164:Religion 9384:English 9362:English 9357:Cornish 9345:Oceania 9336:Uruguay 9324:English 9304:English 9287:English 9283:Brazil 9267:English 9224:English 9219:Cornish 9207:English 9160:English 9155:Cornish 9105:English 9101:Russia 9063:English 9058:Germany 9004:Burgher 8979:English 8959:Myanmar 8774:Acadian 8739:Isleños 8665:Walloon 8650:Occitan 8621:Frisian 8592:Acadian 8567:English 8562:Cornish 8557:British 8547:Belgian 8531:Spanish 8511:Maltese 8499:Italian 8484:Catalan 8448:Turkish 8434:Serbian 8429:Slovene 8404:Kosovan 8389:Cypriot 8379:Bosnian 8358:Swedish 8322:Latvian 8304:Findian 8298:Finnish 8293:Faroese 8257:Russian 8242:Cossack 8232:Chechen 8191:Sorbian 7846:(1999; 7716:2206011 7650:(1999; 7635:(2003; 7620:(1996; 7605:(1997; 7590:(1999; 7533:(1985, 7503:(2001; 7481:(1998; 7276:(1997; 7261:(1986; 7187:July 1, 7159:July 1, 7082:July 1, 7018:June 4, 6775:May 26, 6721:June 4, 6697:June 4, 6487:(1906). 6444:Kenny, 6431:Kenny, 6418:Kenny, 6234:June 3, 6209:June 3, 6184:June 3, 6159:June 3, 6080:June 4, 6056:Staff, 5907:"Irish" 5782:Belfast 5743:June 4, 5154:June 6, 4787:Captain 4775:Colonel 4735:, near 4733:Dergalt 4652:", not 4628:, 1862) 4626:Captain 4622:Colonel 4576:, 1862) 4574:Captain 4570:Colonel 4562:Indiana 4558:Indiana 4482:, near 4463:Captain 4456:Captain 4452:Colonel 4353:, near 4230:Colonel 4167:, near 4157:Waxhaws 3949:Quakers 3886:Wyoming 3797:122,569 3769:Vermont 3728:249,798 3705:140,265 3659:114,048 3613:140,542 3544:107,534 3498:242,897 3330:Montana 3054:Indiana 2967:117,791 2961:Georgia 2942:161,840 2937:Florida 2827:207,590 2776:Arizona 2730:Alabama 2668:Wyoming 2650:Alabama 2634:Montana 2589:Georgia 2565:Florida 2516:In the 2507:Georgia 2475:950,000 2456:10,000 2425:142,000 2420:Ireland 2411:230,000 2406:England 2389:Nation 2368:190,662 2248:190,075 2190:Vermont 2130:11.00% 1910:11.50% 1900:Georgia 1765:Ireland 1608:50,000 1546:Housing 1509:Customs 1429:Georgia 1283:Shawnee 1189:Georgia 1040:goals. 799:in the 785:England 764:by the 758:Pictish 712:Origins 702:Ontario 646:British 620:English 516:whiskey 279:Ireland 219:English 187:Quakers 183:Baptist 144:English 111:Florida 9199:Mexico 9175:Quebec 9140:Canada 9122:Turkey 9090:Sweden 9053:France 9046:Europe 9037:Turkey 9027:Cyprus 8975:India 8925:Africa 8819:Hawaii 8586:French 8552:Breton 8474:Basque 8283:Danish 8252:Kalmyk 8227:Lezgin 8186:Slovak 8167:Polish 8108:German 7982: 7956: 7916: 7894: 7850: 7831: 7800: 7766: 7740: 7714: 7654: 7639: 7624: 7609: 7594: 7582:online 7572:online 7537: 7522: 7507: 7485: 7466: 7427: 7402: 7387: 7383:(2009; 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Scotch-Irish Americans

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