711:
1041:. In the immediate aftermath, a quaestor was sent to Sicily to look out for Roman interests but eventually, praetors were dispatched as well. The sources differ as to when sending a praetor became normal: Appian reports 241 BC; Solinus indicates 227 BC instead. Regardless, the change likely reflected Roman unease about Carthaginian power: quaestors could not command armies or fleets; praetors could and initially seem to have held largely garrison duties. This first province started a permanent shift in Roman thinking about
723:
4458:
1331:
147:
40:
1844:
2883:
1061:
provinces, the Roman commanders were initially not intended as administrators. However, the presence of the commander with forces sufficient to coerce compliance made him an obvious place to seek final judgement. A governor's legal jurisdiction thus grew from the demands of the provincial inhabitants for authoritative settlement of disputes.
2670:(in western Greece and southern Albania), Epirus was originally under the province of Macedonia. It was placed under Achaia in 27 BC except for its northernmost part, which remained part of Macedonia. It became a separate province under Trajan, sometime between 103 and 114 AD, and was renamed Epirus Nova (New Epirus) (imperial
1294:
had gone out of use by the end of the republic and was regardless in inferior status to a proconsul. More radically, Egypt (which was sufficiently powerful that a commander there could start a rebellion against the emperor) was commanded by an equestrian prefect, "a very low title indeed" as prefects
1079:
to try corruption cases; troubles with corruption and laws reacting to it continued through the republican era. By the end of the republic, a multitude of laws had been passed on how a governor would complete his task, requiring presence in the province, regulating how he could requisition goods from
1118:
While many of the provinces had been assigned to sitting praetors in the earlier part of the second century, with new praetorships created to fill empty provincial commands, by the start of the first century it had become uncommon for praetors to hold provincial commands during their formal annual
1315:
who were ex-consuls. The public provinces' governors normally served only one year; the imperial provinces' governors on the other hand normally served several years before rotating out. The extent to which the emperor exercised control over all the provinces increased during the imperial period:
1306:
Within the public and imperial provinces there also existed distinctions of rank. In the public provinces, the provinces of Africa and Asia were given only to ex-consuls; ex-praetors received the others. The imperial provinces eventually produced a three-tier system with prefects and procurators,
1225:
that year with his consular colleague month-by-month and announced the abolition of the triumvirate by the end of the year in accordance with promises to do so at the close of the civil wars. At the start of 27 BC, Augustus formally had a provincial command over all of Rome's provinces. That
1064:
In the absence of opportunities for conquest and with little oversight for their activities, many praetorian governors settled on extorting the provincials. This profiteering threatened Roman control by unnecessarily angering the province's subject populations and was regardless dishonourable. It
1060:
emerged, magistrates assigned to permanent provinces also came under pressures to achieve as much as possible during their terms. Whenever a military crisis occurred near some province, it was normally reassigned to one of the consuls; praetors were left with the garrison duties. In the permanent
1270:
but, due to their lack of an independent command, were unable to triumph and could be replaced by their superior (Augustus) at any time. These arrangements were likely based on the precedent of Pompey's proconsulship over the
Spanish provinces after 55 BC entirely through legates, while he
1236:
was complete. In return, at a carefully-managed meeting of the senate, he was given commands over Spain, Gaul, Syria, Cilicia, Cyprus, and Egypt to hold for ten years; these provinces contained 22 of the 28 extant Roman legions (over 80 per cent) and contained all prospective military theatres.
1088:
Prior to 123 BC, the senate assigned consular provinces as it wished, usually in its first meeting of the consular year. The specific provinces to be assigned were normally determined by lot or by mutual agreement among the commanders; only extraordinarily did the senate assign a command
1208:
an overlapping command over large portions of the
Mediterranean. The senate, which had long acted as a check on aristocratic ambitions, was unable to stop these immense commands, which culminated eventually with the reduction of the number of meaningfully-independent governors during the
1000:
in
Hispania was not accompanied by the creation of any regular administration of the area; indeed, even though two praetors were assigned to Hispania regularly from 196 BC, no systematic settlement of the region occurred for nearly thirty years and what administration occurred was
1295:
were normally low-ranking officers and equestrians were not normally part of the elite. In
Augustus' "second settlement" of 23 BC, he gave up his continual holding of the consulship in exchange for a general proconsulship – with a special dispensation from the law that nullified
2003:(central and part of northern France) province created in the territories in Gaul conquered by Julius Caesar; there is uncertainty as to whether it was created with Augustus’ first visit and the first census on Gaul or during Augustus’ visit in 16–13 (imperial proconsular province)
2357:), Augustus subdued its inhabitants, the Salassi, in 15 BC. It was incorporated into Raetia. The date of the creation of the province is uncertain. It is usually set at the date of Claudius' foundation of Forum Claudii Vallensium (Martigny), which became its capital (imperial
1459:(Record of Offices), a document dating from the early 5th century. Most data is drawn from this authentic imperial source, as the names of the areas governed and titles of the governors are given there. There are however debates about the source of some data recorded in the
1171:
In the late
Republican period, Roman authorities generally preferred that a majority of people in Rome's provinces venerated, respected, and worshipped gods from Rome proper and Roman Italy to an extent, alongside normal services done in honor of their "traditional" gods.
1047:. Instead of being a task of military expansion, it became a recurrent defensive assignment to oversee conquered territories. These defensive assignments, with few opportunities to gain glory, were less desirable and therefore became regularly assigned to the praetors.
1109:, as it was not always realistic for the senate to anticipate the theatres of war some six months in advance. Instead, the senate chose to assign consuls to permanent provinces near expected trouble spots. From 200 to 124 BC, only 22 per cent of recorded consular
1316:
Tiberius, for example, once reprimanded legates in the imperial provinces for failing to forward financial reports to the senate; by the reign of
Claudius, however, the senatorial provinces' proconsuls were regularly issued with orders directly from the emperor.
1159:. This innovation destabilised the system of assigning provincial commands, exacerbated internal political tensions, and later allowed ambitious politicians to assemble for themselves enormous commands which the senate would never have approved: the Pompeian
2786:
Many of the above provinces were under Roman military control or under the rule of Roman clients for a long time before being officially constituted as civil provinces. Only the date of the official formation of the province is marked above, not the date of
1190:
principle of annually-elected magistracies. This allowed the powerful men to amass disproportionate wealth and military power through their provincial commands, which was one of the major factors in the transition from a republic to an imperial
2258:), after the death of Ptolemy, the last king of Mauretania, in AD 40, his kingdom was annexed. It was begun by Caligula and was completed by Claudius with the defeat of the rebels. In AD 42 Claudius divided it into two provinces( imperial
1499:
made the next great changes in 534–536 by abolishing, in some provinces, the strict separation of civil and military authority that
Diocletian had established.This process was continued on a larger scale with the creation of extraordinary
2281:), it was incorporated into the empire in 16 BC. It was called a province, but it remained a client kingdom under the control of an imperial procurator. It was turned into a proper province during the reign of Claudius (41–54) (imperial
1438:, which was sometimes called 'New Rome' because it became the permanent seat of the government. In Italy itself, Rome had not been the imperial residence for some time and 286 Diocletian formally moved the seat of government to
1252:, as their commanders were still assigned by the senate on an annual basis consistent with tradition. Because no one man could command in practically all the border-regions of the empire at once, Augustus appointed subordinate
989:
saw the
Macedonian province revived, the senate settled affairs in the region by abolishing Macedonia and replacing it with four client republics. Macedonia only came under direct Roman administration in the aftermath of the
3731:
1103:, which required the senate to select the consular provinces before the consular elections and made this announcement immune from tribunician veto. The law had the effect of, over time, abolishing the temporary
2432:(between France and Italy), in 14 BC it became a nominal prefecture which was run by the ruling dynasty of the Cotii. It was named after the king, Marcus Julius Cottius. It became a province in 63 (imperial
1123:
after the end of their term. The use of prorogation was due to an insufficient number of praetors, which was for two reasons: more provinces needed commands and the increased number of permanent jury courts
718:(31 BC – AD 14), showing the empire as of 31 BC in yellow, additions to 19 BC in dark green, additions in 9 BC in light green, and additions to AD 6 in pale green. Client states in mauve.
1271:
stayed in the vicinity of Rome. In contrast, the public provinces continued to be governed by proconsuls with formally independent commands. In only three of the public provinces were there any armies:
830:
rank, perhaps as a discouragement to senatorial ambition. That exception was unique but not contrary to Roman law, as Egypt was considered
Augustus's personal property, following the tradition of the
1198:
The senate attempted to push back against these commands in many instances: it preferred to break up any large war into multiple territorially separated commands; for similar reasons, it opposed the
2529:
created the necessity to create this province, which had been a military district in Gallia
Belgica when it was restricted to the west bank of the River Rhine (imperial proconsular province).
3602:, p. 370. Drogula also notes that appointing a person of such low status would mean that he would not have the support necessary among the elite to challenge the emperor successfully.
1226:
year, in his "first settlement", he ostentatiously returned his control of them and their attached armies to the senate, likely by declaring that the task assigned to him either by the
3662:, pp. 347–48, noting also that Tiberius regularly remitted embassies from cities in the senatorial provinces to the senate to allow it "an illusion of its traditional functions".
1050:
Only around 180 BC did provinces take on a more geographically defined position when a border was established to separate the two commanders assigned to Hispania on the river
950:. In the middle and late republican authors like Plautus, Terence, and Cicero, the word referred something akin to a modern ministerial portfolio: "when... the senate assigned
2128:), Conquered in 28 BC, originally it was a military district under the province of Macedonia. The first mention of a provincial governor was for 6 AD, at the beginning of the
2068:; there is uncertainty as to whether it was created with Augustus’ first visit and the first census on Gaul or during Augustus' visit in 16–13 (imperial proconsular province)
4500:
7409:
2548:, and part of Germany west of the Rhine) originally a military district under Gallia Belgica, created when Germania Superior was created (imperial proconsular province).
1008:
In the middle republic, the administration of a territory – whether taxation or jurisdictrion – had basically no relationship with whether that place was assigned as a
5633:
920:, during the middle republic, referred not to a territory, but to a task assigned to a Roman magistrate. That task might require using the military command powers of
1375:. Each of these four defended and administered a quarter of the empire. In the 290s, Diocletian divided the empire anew into almost a hundred provinces, including
1031:
The acquisition of territories, however, through the middle republic created the recurrent task of defending and administering some place. The first "permanent"
59:
7389:
4876:
1434:, whose holders generally rotated frequently, as in the usual magistracies but without a colleague. Constantine also created a new capital, named after him as
120:
4871:
697:
2696:) seized from the Parthians and annexed by Trajan, who invaded the Parthian Empire in late 115. Given back to the Parthians by Hadrian in 118. In 198
1467:, and it seems clear that some of its own sources are earlier than others. Some scholars compare this with the list of military territories under the
1450:. During the 4th century, the administrative structure was modified several times, including repeated experiments with Eastern-Western co-emperors.
4493:
4457:
4197:
1221:
During his sixth and seventh consulships (28 and 27 BC), Augustus began a process which saw the republic return to "normality": he shared the
5997:
3681:
1919:(northern, central and eastern Spain), created with the reorganisation of the provinces in Hispania by Augustus (imperial proconsular province).
5626:
3776:
3860:
1961:
province in 11 BC, during the Pannonian War. It was dissolved and the new provinces of Dalmatia and Pannonia were created during the reign of
775:
For centuries, it was the largest administrative unit of the foreign possessions of ancient Rome. With the administrative reform initiated by
6047:
1949:
in 35–33 BC. Created as a senatorial province in 27 BC. Northern Pannonia was conquered during the Pannonian War (14–10 BC). Subdivided into
1662:
was bequeathed to Rome in 78 BC. However, it was not organised as a province. It was incorporated into the province of Creta et Cyrenae when
1163:
of 67 BC granted Pompey all land within 50 miles of the Mediterranean; Caesar's Gallic command that encompassed three normal provinces.
1290:
To make this monopolisation of military commands palatable, Augustus separated prestige from military importance and inverted it. The title
956:
to the various magistrates... what they were doing was more like allocating a portfolio than putting people in charge of geographic areas".
1953:(a new name for Illyria) and Pannonia, which were officially called Upper and Lower Illyricum respectively in 9 BC, towards the end of the
7404:
4486:
4168:
1054:. Later provinces, once campaigns were complete, were all largely defined geographically. Once this division of permanent and temporary
5656:
113:
1134:, but starting with the Spanish provinces and expanding by 167 BC, praetors were more commonly prorogued with the augmented rank
6778:
5619:
1508:
in the 640s, which replaced the older administrative arrangements entirely. Some scholars use the reorganization of the empire into
4103:
1065:
eventually drew a reaction from the senate, which reacted with laws to rein in the governors. After initial experimentation with
1647:(Gaul on this same side of the Alps, in northern Italy). It was annexed following attacks on the allied Greek city of Massalia (
1130:), each of which had a praetor as president, exacerbated this issue. Praetors during the second century were normally prorogued
6684:
690:
294:
2748:
into these two units in the north and the south respectively. Imperial provinces (proconsular and propraetorial respectively).
1889:
in 30 BC. It was the first imperial province in that it was Augustus' own domain as the Egyptians recognised him as their new
977:
but the republic did not annex the kingdom, even as Macedonia was continuously assigned until 205 BC with the end of the
670:
4138:
3991:
3962:
3878:
3714:
3355:
1730:(to the east) were added to the small Roman possessions in Cilicia. Cilicia came fully under Roman control at the end of the
284:
106:
1426:
Although the Caesars were soon eliminated from the picture, the four administrative resorts were restored in 318 by Emperor
6898:
5936:
4564:
established after 584. After massive territorial losses in the 7th century, the remaining provinces were superseded by the
4190:
1303:, which gave him priority over the ordinary governors of the public provinces, allowing him to interfere in their affairs.
1152:
6627:
6903:
6331:
5835:
2926:
1199:
455:
6830:
5006:
3704:
3423:
1187:
277:
260:
1570:; along the southern coast of the Iberian Peninsula; part of the territories taken over from the Carthaginians in the
6716:
6664:
6573:
5155:
4076:
4055:
4034:
4015:
3919:
3741:
2292:; Claudius initiated the invasion of Britannia. Up to AD 60, the Romans controlled the area south of a line from the
683:
255:
1299:
within the city of Rome – over the imperial provinces. He also gave himself, through the senate, a general grant of
1151:, who had an allied tribune introduce a law transferring to him the already-taken province of Numidia (then held by
1147:
Also important was the assertion of popular authority over the assignment of provincial commands. This started with
7430:
6853:
6793:
6753:
6659:
6637:
6421:
6076:
6071:
5742:
2946:
2936:
2931:
1934:
in Spain), created with the reorganisation of the provinces in Hispania by Augustus (imperial proconsular province)
1244:
and the remaining provinces, largely demilitarised and confined to the older republican conquests, became known as
272:
4478:
2711:, Trajan suppressed a revolt by Assyrians in Mesopotamia and created the province. Hadrian relinquished it in 118.
6918:
6679:
5843:
5580:
4831:
4183:
2342:(Thrace, north-eastern Greece, south-eastern Bulgaria and European Turkey), it was annexed by Claudius (imperial
2304:
conquered the north of England and Scotland. Scotland was then abandoned (imperial proconsular province). In 197
970:
265:
3824:
7360:
6913:
6162:
6093:
4899:
4823:
4812:
3459:
799:(from AD 293), the largest territorial and administrative unit of the empire's territorial possessions outside
2700:
conquered a small area in the north and named it Mesopotamia. It was attacked twice by the Persians (imperial
7212:
6287:
4966:
4600:
2780:
in the territory of the former Moesia Superior after his evacuation of Dacia Trajana beyond the River Danube.
49:
7030:
6837:
6649:
6187:
6064:
5903:
5403:
4509:
4402:
3411:
2798:
2737:
2689:
1423:
of Rome (and later Constantinople) were exempt from this, and were directly subordinated to the tetrarchs.
1258:
3747:
7435:
6773:
6518:
4886:
4280:
2202:
1905:
1071:
779:, it became a third level administrative subdivision of the Roman Empire, or rather a subdivision of the
6888:
6399:
5987:
4387:
1938:
1577:
1509:
1280:
1276:
468:
4071:. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 9 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 564–98.
1823:
separated. It was legally merged into the administrative unit of Roman Italy in 42 BC by the triumvir
7088:
7060:
6878:
6642:
6394:
6007:
5083:
5025:
4836:
4310:
2741:
2451:
1950:
1096:
533:
235:
79:
5611:
3900:
1784:
in 40 BC. The territory remained the direct part of the Roman Empire except for a brief period when
7093:
6858:
6199:
5876:
5423:
5408:
5232:
4961:
4908:
4904:
4866:
4798:
4619:
4447:
4437:
4320:
4285:
4265:
4245:
2722:
2708:
2504:
2477:
2007:
1750:
1718:
was created as a province in the sense of area of military command in 102 BC in a campaign against
1711:
1531:
710:
137:
6701:
6561:
6539:
6304:
5896:
5643:
5227:
5174:
5111:
4951:
4941:
4770:
4740:
4392:
4377:
4315:
4230:
4220:
4065:
Richardson, John (1992). "The administration of the empire". In Crook, John; et al. (eds.).
3274:
2941:
2762:, this kingdom (in northern Mesopotamia, in parts of today's Iraq, Syria and Turkey) was annexed.
2632:
2251:
2210:
1901:
1773:
1587:
1427:
1272:
571:
89:
7140:
7217:
7053:
7048:
6578:
6416:
6316:
6052:
5972:
5433:
4760:
4365:
4225:
4175:
2997:
2921:
2745:
2556:
2462:
2301:
1912:
1874:
1704:
1431:
69:
4467:
Italy was never constituted as a province, instead retaining a special juridical status until
3870:
7313:
6549:
6233:
6217:
6177:
6167:
6002:
5866:
5848:
5694:
5448:
5217:
5030:
4956:
4549:
4260:
3415:
2839:
2232:
1992:; there is uncertainty as to whether it was created with Augustus’ first visit and the first
1731:
1682:
1609:
1388:
1126:
991:
982:
784:
7280:
6172:
5732:
5586:
5103:
4755:
4587:
4557:
4397:
4290:
2726:
2224:
2022:
1545:
1475:
1384:
1365:
1180:
The increasing practices of prorogation and statutorily-defined "super commands" driven by
986:
978:
213:
74:
54:
31:
2243:
with the defeat of the rebels. In AD 42, Claudius divided it into two provinces (imperial
1080:
provincial communities, limiting the number of years he could serve in the province, etc.
806:
During the republic and early empire, provinces were generally governed by politicians of
8:
7288:
7125:
6783:
6711:
6406:
6364:
6252:
6182:
6157:
5944:
5891:
5704:
5699:
5592:
5547:
5365:
5355:
5017:
4846:
4793:
4788:
4561:
4295:
4270:
2901:
2888:
2822:
1856:
1674:
1670:
1655:
1016:
at all and were not administered by Rome. The territorial province, called a "permanent"
348:
4163:
2094:); created with the reorganisation of the provinces in Hispania by Augustus (senatorial
7440:
7399:
7120:
7108:
7043:
7038:
6758:
6544:
6428:
6311:
6194:
6127:
6019:
5977:
5817:
5443:
5418:
5325:
5300:
5189:
5073:
4923:
4735:
4532:
4382:
4340:
4335:
4111:
3888:
3770:
3706:
The 'Birth'of Italy: The Institutionalization of Italy as a Region, 3rd–1st Century BCE
3389:
and provincial assignment would also create the armies that brought down the republic".
2847:
2484:
2332:
2313:
2309:
2015:
2000:
1636:
1632:
1455:
1210:
1012:
by the senate. Rome would even intervene on territorial disputes which were part of no
835:
606:
245:
94:
84:
3914:. Cambridge Ancient History. Vol. 10 (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
1548:; these two islands were taken over from the Carthaginians and annexed soon after the
7162:
7150:
6798:
6788:
6411:
6389:
6294:
6258:
6152:
6039:
6029:
6014:
5871:
5804:
5570:
5277:
5267:
5262:
5166:
5136:
4933:
4783:
4674:
4664:
4639:
4634:
4427:
4422:
4350:
4345:
4134:
4082:
4072:
4051:
4030:
4011:
3987:
3968:
3958:
3915:
3874:
3737:
3710:
3419:
3404:
3351:
2896:
2730:
2697:
2533:
2518:
2376:
2305:
2180:
2175:
and became province again after Agrippa's death in AD 44, enlarged by territories of
2129:
2087:
1970:
1966:
1916:
1852:
1742:
1690:
1567:
1560:
1556:
1284:
1076:
863:
831:
525:
518:
321:
4169:
https://web.archive.org/web/20060409205643/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-dgra/
7207:
7005:
6568:
6474:
6227:
6111:
5982:
5962:
5926:
5799:
5770:
5709:
5506:
5501:
5458:
5413:
5320:
5065:
5055:
5045:
4993:
4730:
4722:
4508:
4355:
4325:
3866:
3682:"Note sull'«anzianità di servizio» nel lessico della legislazione imperiale romana"
3266:
2906:
2594:
2395:
2184:
2106:
2083:
1893:. Its proper initial name was Alexandrea et Aegyptus. It was governed by Augustus'
1644:
1571:
1488:
847:
827:
647:
641:
634:
620:
449:
428:
373:
358:
353:
338:
222:
64:
20:
2235:, the last king of Mauretania, in AD 40, his kingdom was annexed. It was begun by
965:
were for the purpose of waging war and to command an army. However, merely that a
7394:
7379:
Used by ten or more countries or having derived terms. Historical derivations in
7255:
6883:
6586:
6489:
6433:
6370:
6341:
6326:
6106:
6101:
6059:
6024:
5824:
5789:
5764:
5486:
5476:
5383:
5335:
5290:
5209:
5131:
5116:
5035:
4778:
4682:
4654:
4629:
4611:
4240:
4128:
4066:
4045:
4005:
3981:
3952:
3909:
2814:
2773:
2652:
2410:
2399:
2372:
2152:
2144:
2137:
2133:
2121:
1785:
1701:
1613:
1603:
1539:
1038:
722:
363:
1453:
Detailed information on the arrangements during this period is contained in the
1330:
1115:
were permanent provinces; between 122 and 53 BC, this rose to 60 per cent.
6726:
6694:
6556:
6494:
6484:
6479:
6299:
6133:
6083:
6034:
5727:
5496:
5491:
5481:
5428:
5373:
5184:
5078:
5050:
5040:
4918:
4707:
4702:
4659:
4649:
4572:
and parts of Greece they survived under the themes until the early 9th century.
4330:
4250:
4001:
3399:
2858:
2644:
2640:
2636:
2601:
2552:
2522:
2458:
2350:
2297:
2049:
1807:) was occupied by Rome in the 220s BC and became considered geographically and
1800:
1435:
1371:
1156:
891:
871:
769:
761:
739:
652:
599:
443:
418:
327:
175:
7187:
2417:), created as a protectorate by Augustus, it probably became a province under
2209:(later proconsular) province, created after the death of its last client king
969:
was assigned did not mean the Romans made that territory theirs. For example,
7424:
6908:
6748:
6510:
6359:
6222:
5992:
5967:
5810:
5378:
5330:
5295:
5285:
5194:
4894:
4697:
4692:
4644:
4624:
4553:
4537:
4275:
4255:
4235:
3972:
2678:
2429:
2289:
2168:
2065:
1989:
1886:
1765:
1549:
1535:
1420:
1410:
1325:
1233:
1120:
780:
548:
398:
166:
926:
but otherwise could even be a task assigned to a junior magistrates without
7308:
7300:
7295:
7260:
6768:
6763:
6674:
6144:
5794:
5756:
5689:
5576:
5393:
5388:
5340:
5126:
5093:
5088:
4913:
4687:
4565:
4300:
3311:
2620:
2293:
2099:
1954:
1860:
1738:
1678:
1505:
1148:
1051:
811:
807:
765:
753:
461:
413:
383:
309:
184:
7202:
4086:
3290:. Formally, the presidency of one of the permanent courts was in fact the
1996:
on Gaul or during Augustus' visit in 16–13 (imperial proconsular province)
6928:
6873:
6736:
6731:
6721:
6456:
6451:
6349:
6321:
5886:
5881:
5748:
5599:
5471:
5438:
5350:
5305:
5179:
5121:
4442:
4371:
4305:
3790:
2667:
2648:
2616:
2604:, formerly the Kingdom of Nabataea, it was annexed without resistance by
2537:
2414:
2354:
2053:
1931:
1882:
1814:
1757:
1697:
1625:
1581:
1496:
1376:
818:. A later exception was the province of Egypt, which was incorporated by
800:
757:
504:
7115:
1780:(old Africa). Western Numidia was annexed and added to the province of
6815:
6354:
6209:
5908:
5466:
5310:
4712:
4541:
4468:
3231:
2866:
2855:
2582:
2384:
2061:
1439:
1393:
1363:(AD 284–305), with a western and an eastern senior emperor styled
1354:
1339:
776:
585:
315:
195:
2014:, Turkey), formerly a client kingdom, it was annexed by Augustus when
1369:, each seconded by a junior emperor (and designated successor) styled
7234:
7192:
7167:
7025:
6980:
6868:
6810:
6632:
6381:
5641:
5252:
5141:
4750:
4745:
4360:
2916:
2586:
2500:
2488:
2447:
2328:
1981:
1962:
1923:
1727:
1677:(in North-western Anatolia) was bequeathed to Rome by its last king,
1659:
1648:
1501:
1447:
1399:
1380:
1359:
1335:
1228:
1192:
1136:
823:
796:
657:
627:
493:
475:
438:
7270:
7265:
146:
39:
7020:
6990:
6820:
6743:
6654:
6466:
6244:
5954:
5598: Affected (i.e. boundaries modified, abolished or renamed) by
5345:
5315:
5237:
4946:
4861:
4569:
2777:
2759:
2660:
2526:
2496:
2473:
2274:
2240:
2236:
2172:
2125:
2011:
1946:
1927:
1878:
1824:
1809:
1681:, in 74 BC. It was organised as a Roman province at the end of the
1640:
1617:
1513:
1415:
937:
922:
819:
815:
715:
592:
482:
393:
304:
202:
7330:
7224:
7075:
3027:
1843:
7325:
7250:
7080:
7070:
7010:
6923:
6893:
6825:
6706:
5918:
5719:
5542:
5398:
5257:
5199:
4962:
Numidia (divided as Cirtensis and Militiana during the Tetrarchy)
4856:
4851:
4841:
4417:
2911:
2682:
2628:
2578:
2555:
was annexed to Syria after the death of its last ruler, tetrarch
2545:
2469:
2380:
2339:
2278:
2270:
2266:
2255:
2228:
2188:
2176:
2156:
2057:
2026:
1942:
1890:
1819:
1789:
1761:
1746:
1715:
1595:
1591:
1405:
1253:
941:
727:
578:
557:
408:
388:
4205:
3671:
Nuovo Atlante Storico De Agostini, 1997, pp. 40–41. (In Italian)
2476:, were disestablished, and merged with the imperial province of
7355:
7345:
7340:
7275:
7229:
7145:
7015:
7000:
6995:
6985:
6669:
6276:
5858:
5552:
4432:
4412:
4407:
3954:
Commanders & command in the Roman republic and early empire
3299:
3159:
2605:
2590:
2570:
2388:
2164:
2117:
2116:(on the east and south bank of the River Danube part of modern
2113:
2098:
province). The name derives from Betis, the Latin name for the
2072:
1993:
1848:
1828:
1793:
1719:
1686:
1621:
1205:
1095:(outside of sortition). But in 123 or 122 BC, the tribune
613:
403:
7100:
3808:
Laffi, Umberto (1992). "La provincia della Gallia Cisalpina".
3629:
1984:(south-western France) province created in the territories in
1409:. The provinces in turn were grouped into (originally twelve)
16:
Major Roman administrative territorial entity outside of Italy
7350:
7335:
7320:
7197:
7182:
7172:
7157:
7135:
7130:
7065:
6863:
6805:
6689:
5247:
5242:
5222:
3929:
Bowman, Alan K. "Provincial administration and taxation". In
3385:, p. 311. "The use of populär legislation to manipulate
2624:
2574:
2541:
2492:
2403:
2324:
2160:
2091:
1804:
1723:
1663:
1599:
1504:
in the 580s and culminated with the adoption of the military
1443:
1240:
The provinces that were assigned to Augustus became known as
896:
876:
3075:
2521:(southern Germany) The push into southern Germany up to the
1213:
to three men and, with the end of the republic, to one man.
7177:
6443:
5781:
3454:
Eder, W (1993). "The Augustan principate as binding link".
3017:
3015:
2693:
2418:
1985:
1563:; part of the territories taken over from the Carthaginians
4556:. Empire permanently partitioned after 395. Exarchates of
4047:
Greek Terms for Roman Institutions: A Lexicon and Analysis
3617:
3605:
3545:
3518:
3247:
3195:
3183:
3171:
3147:
1904:(southern and central Greece), Augustus separated it from
1772:(new Africa) to distinguish it from the older province of
862:
had an equivalent in eastern, Greek-speaking parts of the
6975:
3569:
3557:
3535:
3533:
3219:
3135:
3111:
2803:
2681:, annexed by Trajan, who deposed its client king. In 118
1957:. Initially a senatorial province, it became an imperial
1635:(southern France); prior to its annexation it was called
1469:
1419:, who oversaw their affairs. Only the proconsuls and the
1069:
panels of inquest, various laws were passed, such as the
564:
511:
3733:
Beyond the Rubicon: Romans and Gauls in Republican Italy
3406:
Space, geography, and politics in the early Roman empire
3350:. Versailles, Kentucky: Sheridan Kentucky. p. 181.
3099:
3087:
3063:
3012:
3346:
Pearson, Patricia O'Connell; Holdren, John (May 2021).
2018:, its last king, died (imperial propraetorial province)
1379:. Their governors were hierarchically ranked, from the
3581:
3530:
3490:
3478:
3466:
3364:
3327:
3207:
3123:
2167:. Reverted to the status of client kingdom under king
2029:(30–25 BC), previously between 46–30 BC the province
1512:
in this period as one of the demarcations between the
1487:, with more mobile forces, and the later, even higher
4992:
3641:
3938:
Crook, J A. "Political history, 30 BC to AD 14". In
2878:
2465:
was deposed and Lesser Armenia was annexed to Syria.
2109:, lost after three Roman legions were routed in 9 AD
1768:
annexed Eastern Numidia and the new province called
1722:. The Romans controlled only a small area. In 74 BC
1689:, who incorporated the western part of the defeated
1602:); created after the destruction of Carthage in the
3957:. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
2655:: Porolissensis, Apulensis and Malvensis (imperial
2472:, formed into three client kingdoms established by
6958:
4586:
3403:
2406:restored the Bosporan Kingdom as a client kingdom.
2064:, part of northern France and Germany west of the
1140:; by the end of the republic, all governors acted
866:. In the Greek language, a province was called an
768:. Each province was ruled by a Roman appointed as
3048:, pp. 564–565, citing, among others, Plaut.
2619:"Trajana" (the Romanian regions of south-eastern
994:in 148 BC. Similarly, assignment of various
7422:
4206:
2992:
2990:
2988:
2986:
2808:
2792:
2454:was deposed and Commagene was annexed to Syria.
2421:when Alpes Cottiae became a province (imperial
2383:annexed, later incorporated in the province of
2191:in AD 135 and upgraded to proconsular province.
1847:The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, under
1516:and the Byzantine (or the Later Roman) period.
3345:
2984:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2976:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2968:
2966:
2832:
2635:(imperial proconsular province). Divided into
2593:were annexed to Syria after the death of king
2398:incorporated as part of the Roman province of
2033:, was abolished, and merged with the province
1838:
730:(125) showing the provinces as then organised.
5627:
5579:by the Eastern Empire in 534 as the separate
4494:
4191:
4068:The last age of the Roman Republic, 146–43 BC
3983:Imperium Romanum: politics and administration
1741:was annexed after the death of its last king
1473:, in charge of border garrisons on so-called
1119:term. Instead they generally took command as
760:that were controlled by the Romans under the
691:
114:
4130:The Penguin historical atlas of ancient Rome
3859:Badian, Ernst (2012). "Provincia/Province".
2300:. Wales was finally subdued in 78. In 78–84
1155:), allowing Marius to assume command of the
1020:in the scholarship, emerged only gradually.
7405:List of administrative divisions by country
5602:'s administrative reorganization in 534–536
4024:
3702:
3291:
2963:
2151:, created after the deposition of ethnarch
2025:. The client kingdom of Numidia under king
1965:(69–79). In 107, Pannonia was divided into
1776:, created in 146 BC, which became known as
1734:(73–63 BC), reorganised by Pompey in 63 BC.
1481:
1461:
1181:
1110:
1104:
1090:
1055:
1042:
1032:
995:
960:
951:
945:
931:
915:
747:
5634:
5620:
4501:
4487:
4198:
4184:
4064:
3908:Bowman, Alan K; et al., eds. (1996).
3775:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
3321:
3241:
3225:
3105:
3093:
3081:
3069:
3045:
3021:
2715:
2327:annexed by Claudius (in 74 AD merged with
698:
684:
121:
107:
38:
4536:. Provincial administration reformed and
3438:
2776:(most of Bulgaria and Serbia) created by
2503:which had been a part of the province of
2155:, formed initially from the territory of
1357:introduced a radical reform known as the
1256:for each of the provinces with the title
1166:
973:in 211 BC received Macedonia as his
5672:
4510:Late Roman and early Byzantine provinces
3729:
1842:
1624:), bequeathed to Rome by its last king,
1446:), while taking up residence himself in
1329:
1216:
1101:lex Sempronia de provinciis consularibus
940:and the civil jurisdiction of the urban
795:A province was the basic and, until the
721:
709:
6610:
4164:Map of the Roman Empire in the year 300
4000:
3979:
3950:
3939:
3930:
3907:
3871:10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.5393
3763:Decline of the Roman republic: Volume 2
3623:
3611:
3599:
3587:
3575:
3551:
3539:
3524:
3508:
3484:
3472:
3398:
3382:
3370:
3333:
3317:
3305:
3265:
3253:
3237:
3213:
3201:
3189:
3177:
3165:
3153:
3141:
3129:
3117:
1524:
1319:
1175:
1005:and emerged from military necessities.
7423:
4126:
4007:The constitution of the Roman republic
3928:
3858:
3709:. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG.
3659:
3647:
3635:
3563:
3287:
2804:Primary sources for lists of provinces
2316:. Imperial provinces (proconsular and
2205:(central Anatolia – Turkey); imperial
1973:– imperial provinces (proconsular and
1037:was that of Sicily, created after the
1023:
6957:
6609:
5671:
5654:
5615:
5532:
5531:
4991:
4585:
4521:
4482:
4179:
4043:
3937:
3822:
3807:
3496:
3271:The praetorship in the Roman republic
3033:
2468:AD 72 – Western mountainous parts of
1232:creating the Triumvirate or that the
959:The first commanders dispatched with
752:) were the administrative regions of
4207:Provinces of the early Roman Empire
3760:
3453:
1519:
1075:in 149 BC, which established a
930:: for example, the treasury was the
841:
826:and was ruled by a governor of only
3831:(in Italian). Enciclopedia Italiana
3789:
3754:
2927:History of the Mediterranean region
1908:(senatorial propraetorial province)
1552:, in 238 BC and 237 BC respectively
13:
3816:
2752:
2733:(imperial propraetorial province).
2440:
1311:who were ex-praetors, and legates
14:
7452:
5655:
4157:
2766:
2511:
2217:
2195:
2140:(imperial proconsular provinces).
1867:
1707:, creating the province of Syria.
1287:, only Africa retained a legion.
1186:political tactics undermined the
6422:Organized incorporated territory
4942:Africa proconsularis (Zeugitana)
4568:in c. 640–660, although in
4456:
4104:"Early imperial Roman provinces"
3911:The Augustan empire, 43 BC–AD 69
2947:Local government (ancient Roman)
2937:List of Graeco-Roman geographers
2932:Latin spelling and pronunciation
2881:
2647:. Divided into three provinces (
2132:. In 85 Moesia was divided into
1334:The new territorial division of
145:
7410:Slavic administrative divisions
4552:established after the death of
4149:Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte
3801:
3783:
3723:
3696:
3674:
3665:
3653:
3593:
3502:
3447:
3439:Hekster, Olivier; Kaizer, Ted.
3432:
3392:
3376:
3339:
3281:
3259:
2563:
1817:, but remained politically and
971:Publius Sulpicius Galba Maximus
6959:Non-English terms or loanwords
6163:Direct-controlled municipality
4900:Flaminia et Picenum Annonarium
4824:Diocese of Suburbicarian Italy
3460:University of California Press
3348:World History: Our Human Story
3039:
3036:, pp. 81, 84–86, 138–139.
2631:), conquered by Trajan in the
1796:) as a client king (30–25 BC).
1559:; along the east coast of the
1538:and annexed at the end of the
1:
6288:Special administrative region
4967:Tripolitania (Roman province)
4545:
3703:Carlà-Uhink, Filippo (2017).
2952:
2365:
2351:Alpes Atrectianae et Poeninae
1745:and added to the province of
1639:(Gallia on the other side of
1534:(Sicily) taken over from the
1343:
1083:
886:), with a governor called an
783:(in turn subdivisions of the
6188:Mountain resort municipality
6065:Intermediate school district
6048:Educational service district
5904:Regional county municipality
3441:Frontiers in the Roman world
3412:University of Michigan Press
2957:
2809:Early Roman Empire provinces
2799:List of Late Roman provinces
2793:Provinces of the late empire
2744:, Septimius Severus divided
2685:restored this client kingdom
1259:legatus Augusti pro praetore
909:
7:
6519:Autonomous territorial unit
5575: Re-established after
4887:Diocese of Annonarian Italy
4522:
4133:. Penguin. pp. 74–75.
4010:. Oxford University Press.
3865:. Oxford University Press.
3736:. Oxford University Press.
3730:Williams, J. H. C. (2020).
3456:Between republic and empire
2874:
2833:Late Roman Empire provinces
1839:Provinces of the Principate
1749:, creating the province of
1234:war on Cleopatra and Antony
1072:lex Calpurnia de repetundis
10:
7457:
6400:National capital territory
6121:Indian reserve/reservation
5988:Indian government district
5642:Designations for types of
4025:Loewenstein, Karl (1973).
3846:
2796:
2491:(reigned AD 69–79) merged
2056:south of the Rhine river,
1700:; Pompey deposed the last
1391:through those governed by
1323:
1153:Quintus Caecilius Metellus
897:
877:
854:comes from the Latin word
790:
18:
7390:Autonomous administration
7377:
7243:
6968:
6964:
6953:
6846:
6620:
6616:
6605:
6529:
6503:
6465:
6442:
6395:Federal capital territory
6380:
6340:
6275:
6243:
6208:
6143:
6120:
6092:
6008:Non-metropolitan district
5998:Local government district
5953:
5935:
5917:
5857:
5834:
5780:
5755:
5741:
5718:
5682:
5678:
5667:
5663:
5650:
5565:
5548:Quaestura exercitus (536)
5538:
5527:
5457:
5364:
5276:
5208:
5165:
5154:
5102:
5064:
5016:
5005:
5001:
4987:
4932:
4885:
4822:
4811:
4769:
4721:
4673:
4610:
4599:
4595:
4581:
4528:
4517:
4465:
4454:
4216:
3296:of the praetor-president.
2659:provinces). Abandoned by
2375:(the eastern half of the
1897:, Alexandreae et Aegypti.
1643:) to distinguish it from
1479:, and the higher ranking
1188:republican constitutional
1097:Gaius Sempronius Gracchus
895:
875:
534:Senatus consultum ultimum
429:Extraordinary magistrates
80:Environmental determinism
6200:Specialized municipality
5877:Consolidated city-county
5424:Palaestina III Salutaris
4620:Alpes Poeninae et Graiae
4246:Alpes Graiae et Poeninae
3980:Lintott, Andrew (1993).
3812:(in Italian) (80): 5–23.
3638:, pp. 346, 369–370.
3308:, pp. 229–330, 341.
3168:, pp. 256–257, 263.
2569:AD 100 – Territories of
2387:(probably under Emperor
2037:, creating the province
138:Politics of ancient Rome
19:Not to be confused with
7431:Ancient Roman provinces
6562:Military exclusion zone
6540:Exclusive economic zone
6305:National capital region
5897:Non-metropolitan county
5644:administrative division
5591: Placed under the
4952:Mauretania Caesariensis
4771:Diocese of the Britains
4393:Mauretania Caesariensis
3275:Oxford University Press
2942:List of historical maps
2716:Under Septimius Severus
2461:, its last client king
2450:, its last client king
2308:divided Britannia into
2254:, (western and central
2252:Mauretania Caesariensis
726:The Roman Empire under
90:Quantitative revolution
6579:Self-administered zone
6417:Incorporated territory
6284:Administrative region
6053:Local service district
5973:Congressional district
5434:Phoenice II Libanensis
5137:Macedonia II Salutaris
4550:praetorian prefectures
4512:(4th–7th centuries AD)
4366:Hispania Tarraconensis
4127:Scarre, Chris (1995).
4044:Mason, Hugh J (1974).
4027:The Governance of Rome
3951:Drogula, Fred (2015).
3823:Aurigemma, Salvatore.
3292:
3052:, 156, 158, 474; Ter.
2922:History of cartography
2557:Aristobulus of Chalcis
2463:Aristobulus of Chalcis
2231:); after the death of
2149:procuratorial province
1913:Hispania Tarraconensis
1864:
1705:Philip II Philoromaeus
1580:was annexed after the
1482:
1462:
1432:praetorian prefectures
1413:, headed usually by a
1350:
1217:Early imperial period
1182:
1167:Late Republican period
1111:
1105:
1091:
1056:
1043:
1033:
996:
961:
952:
946:
932:
916:
748:
743:
731:
719:
295:Political institutions
70:History of cartography
6550:Special economic zone
6234:Praetorian prefecture
6218:Autonomous prefecture
6178:Regional municipality
6168:District municipality
6003:Metropolitan district
5867:Administrative county
5849:Residential community
5695:Local government area
5156:Praetorian prefecture
5031:Noricum mediterraneum
5007:Praetorian prefecture
4957:Mauretania Sitifensis
4852:Picenum Suburbicarium
4813:Praetorian prefecture
4601:Praetorian prefecture
4548: 293. Permanent
3761:Long, George (1866).
2840:Laterculus Veronensis
2725:, was separated from
2239:and was completed by
2041:(except territory of
1941:, Augustus conquered
1859:are shaded pink, and
1846:
1831:'s unpublished acts (
1827:as a ratification of
1732:Third Mithridatic War
1683:Third Mithridatic War
1666:was annexed in 66 BC.
1483:Comites rei militaris
1333:
1324:Further information:
1127:quaestiones perpetuae
992:Fourth Macedonian War
987:Third Macedonian Wars
810:rank, usually former
725:
713:
7141:Njësi administrative
6173:Neutral municipality
6112:Subdivision of India
5844:Autonomous community
5733:Metropolitan borough
5673:Common English terms
5587:Diocese of Illyricum
5581:Prefecture of Africa
5336:Galatia II Salutaris
5104:Diocese of Macedonia
4994:Eastern Roman Empire
4756:Mauretania Tingitana
4588:Western Roman Empire
4398:Mauretania Tingitana
4291:Corsica and Sardinia
4231:Africa proconsularis
4050:. Toronto: Hakkert.
3511:, p. 354; Aug.
2998:"Le province romane"
2727:Africa Proconsularis
2225:Mauretania Tingitana
2120:, the north part of
2039:Africa Proconsularis
2023:Africa Proconsularis
1999:27 BC or 16–13 BC –
1980:27 BC or 16–13 BC –
1881:after his defeat of
1857:senatorial provinces
1546:Sardinia and Corsica
1525:Republican provinces
1385:Africa Proconsularis
1320:Late imperial period
1250:senatorial provinces
1176:Transition to empire
979:First Macedonian War
785:imperial prefectures
374:Ordinary magistrates
75:Historical geography
32:History of geography
6784:Autonomous republic
6712:Enclave and exclave
6611:Other English terms
6407:Dependent territory
6253:Autonomous province
6183:Resort municipality
6158:County municipality
5945:Overseas department
5892:Metropolitan county
5705:Unincorporated area
5593:Quaestura exercitus
5366:Diocese of the East
5356:Pontus Polemoniacus
5018:Diocese of Pannonia
4847:Lucania et Bruttium
4794:Maxima Caesariensis
4789:Flavia Caesariensis
4296:Crete and Cyrenaica
4271:Bithynia and Pontus
4114:on 26 December 2016
3797:. Vol. 41. 36.
3626:, pp. 360–363.
3614:, pp. 358–359.
3566:, pp. 346–347.
3554:, pp. 355–356.
3527:, pp. 354–355.
3324:, pp. 573–574.
3277:. pp. 626–627.
3256:, pp. 299–300.
3204:, pp. 279–281.
3192:, pp. 275–276.
3180:, pp. 266–268.
3156:, pp. 253–254.
3120:, pp. 242–245.
3084:, pp. 566–567.
2902:Classical antiquity
2889:Ancient Rome portal
2540:south of the River
2353:(between Italy and
1675:Kingdom of Bithynia
1656:Crete and Cyrenaica
1262:. These lieutenant
822:after the death of
714:Roman Empire under
7436:Historical regions
7400:Electoral district
6717:Federal dependency
6545:Free economic zone
6429:Overseas territory
6312:Development region
6195:Rural municipality
6128:Indian reservation
6020:Municipal district
5978:Electoral district
5818:Free imperial city
5444:Syria II Salutaris
5301:Armenian Satrapies
5074:Dacia Mediterranea
4996:(395–c. 640)
4924:Venetia et Histria
4832:Apulia et Calabria
4533:Notitia Dignitatum
4383:Lycia et Pamphylia
4361:Hispania Lusitania
4341:Gallia Narbonensis
4336:Gallia Lugdunensis
3942:, pp. 70–112.
3933:, pp. 344–70.
3825:"Gallia Cisalpina"
3578:, pp. 356–57.
3144:, pp. 250–51.
2848:Notitia dignitatum
2485:Lycia et Pamphylia
2333:Lycia et Pamphylia
2314:Britannia Inferior
2310:Britannia Superior
2001:Gallia Lugdunensis
1865:
1855:are shaded green,
1853:imperial provinces
1671:Bithynia et Pontus
1637:Gallia Transalpina
1633:Gallia Narbonensis
1456:Notitia Dignitatum
1428:Constantine I
1351:
1347: AD 300
1283:; after Augustus'
1242:imperial provinces
981:. Even though the
836:Hellenistic period
732:
720:
607:Triumvir monetalis
541:Titles and honours
95:Critical geography
85:Regional geography
7418:
7417:
7373:
7372:
7369:
7368:
6949:
6948:
6945:
6944:
6941:
6940:
6937:
6936:
6601:
6600:
6597:
6596:
6515:Territorial unit
6412:Federal territory
6390:Capital territory
6295:Autonomous region
6259:Overseas province
6153:City municipality
6044:Service district
6040:Sanitary district
6030:Regional district
6015:Military district
5872:Autonomous county
5805:Incorporated city
5609:
5608:
5571:Septem Provinciae
5561:
5560:
5533:Other territories
5523:
5522:
5519:
5518:
5515:
5514:
5306:Armenia III (536)
5278:Diocese of Pontus
5268:Phrygia Salutaris
5263:Phrygia Pacatiana
5167:Diocese of Thrace
5150:
5149:
4983:
4982:
4979:
4978:
4975:
4974:
4934:Diocese of Africa
4807:
4806:
4675:Diocese of Vienne
4665:Maxima Sequanorum
4577:
4576:
4476:
4475:
4428:Pannonia Superior
4423:Pannonia Inferior
4351:Germania Superior
4346:Germania Inferior
4210:
4140:978-0-14-051329-5
3993:978-0-415-09375-0
3964:978-1-4696-2314-6
3880:978-0-19-938113-5
3716:978-3-11-054478-7
3499:, pp. 76–77.
3357:978-1-60153-123-0
2897:Ancient geography
2788:
2731:Septimius Severus
2698:Septimius Severus
2534:Germania Inferior
2519:Germania Superior
2377:Kingdom of Pontus
2306:Septimius Severus
2088:Hispania Ulterior
1971:Pannonia Inferior
1967:Pannonia Superior
1917:Hispania Citerior
1863:are shaded gray.
1751:Cilicia et Cyprus
1743:Ptolemy of Cyprus
1693:into it in 63 BC.
1691:Kingdom of Pontus
1568:Hispania Ulterior
1561:Iberian Peninsula
1557:Hispania Citerior
1520:List of provinces
1430:, in the form of
1336:tetrarchic system
1211:triumviral period
864:Greco-Roman world
858:. The Latin term
842:Republican period
781:imperial dioceses
708:
707:
526:Quaestio perpetua
519:Senatus consultum
322:Roman citizenship
131:
130:
7448:
7006:Regierungsbezirk
6966:
6965:
6955:
6954:
6618:
6617:
6607:
6606:
6569:Free speech zone
6475:Charter township
6228:Super-prefecture
6072:Special district
5983:Federal district
5963:Capital district
5927:Overseas country
5800:Independent city
5771:Imperial capital
5710:Unorganized area
5680:
5679:
5669:
5668:
5665:
5664:
5652:
5651:
5636:
5629:
5622:
5613:
5612:
5585: Later the
5569: Later the
5529:
5528:
5507:Thebais Inferior
5502:Thebais Superior
5459:Diocese of Egypt
5449:Theodorias (528)
5311:Armenia IV (536)
5163:
5162:
5066:Diocese of Dacia
5056:Valeria ripensis
5014:
5013:
5003:
5002:
4989:
4988:
4872:Tuscia et Umbria
4820:
4819:
4723:Diocese of Spain
4608:
4607:
4597:
4596:
4583:
4582:
4547:
4530:As found in the
4519:
4518:
4503:
4496:
4489:
4480:
4479:
4460:
4356:Hispania Baetica
4326:Gallia Aquitania
4208:
4200:
4193:
4186:
4177:
4176:
4152:
4144:
4123:
4121:
4119:
4110:. Archived from
4090:
4061:
4040:
4021:
3997:
3976:
3943:
3934:
3925:
3904:
3898:
3894:
3892:
3884:
3841:
3840:
3838:
3836:
3820:
3814:
3813:
3805:
3799:
3798:
3787:
3781:
3780:
3774:
3766:
3758:
3752:
3751:
3746:. Archived from
3727:
3721:
3720:
3700:
3694:
3693:
3691:
3689:
3678:
3672:
3669:
3663:
3657:
3651:
3645:
3639:
3633:
3627:
3621:
3615:
3609:
3603:
3597:
3591:
3585:
3579:
3573:
3567:
3561:
3555:
3549:
3543:
3537:
3528:
3522:
3516:
3506:
3500:
3494:
3488:
3482:
3476:
3470:
3464:
3463:
3451:
3445:
3444:
3436:
3430:
3429:
3409:
3396:
3390:
3380:
3374:
3368:
3362:
3361:
3343:
3337:
3331:
3325:
3315:
3309:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3285:
3279:
3278:
3267:Brennan, T Corey
3263:
3257:
3251:
3245:
3235:
3229:
3223:
3217:
3211:
3205:
3199:
3193:
3187:
3181:
3175:
3169:
3163:
3157:
3151:
3145:
3139:
3133:
3127:
3121:
3115:
3109:
3103:
3097:
3091:
3085:
3079:
3073:
3067:
3061:
3043:
3037:
3031:
3025:
3019:
3010:
3009:
3007:
3005:
2994:
2907:Early world maps
2891:
2886:
2885:
2884:
2785:
2595:Herod Agrippa II
2396:Bosporan Kingdom
2379:) together with
2273:, north-eastern
2185:Syria Palaestina
2107:Germania Antiqua
2084:Hispania Baetica
1877:, taken over by
1645:Gallia Cisalpina
1572:Second Punic War
1497:Justinian I
1490:magistri militum
1485:
1465:
1348:
1345:
1185:
1114:
1108:
1094:
1059:
1046:
1036:
999:
964:
955:
949:
947:urbana provincia
935:
919:
901:
900:
899:
881:
880:
879:
751:
700:
693:
686:
642:Pontifex maximus
635:Princeps senatus
621:Magister militum
456:Consular tribune
450:Magister equitum
278:Augustan reforms
149:
133:
132:
123:
116:
109:
65:Age of Discovery
42:
28:
27:
21:Province of Rome
7456:
7455:
7451:
7450:
7449:
7447:
7446:
7445:
7421:
7420:
7419:
7414:
7395:Census division
7365:
7239:
6960:
6933:
6884:Imperial Circle
6842:
6612:
6593:
6587:Free-trade zone
6525:
6499:
6490:Survey township
6461:
6438:
6434:Union territory
6376:
6371:Sovereign state
6336:
6327:Overseas region
6271:
6239:
6204:
6139:
6130:(United States)
6116:
6107:Police division
6102:Census division
6088:
6060:School district
6025:Police district
5949:
5931:
5913:
5853:
5830:
5825:Royal free city
5790:Autonomous city
5776:
5765:Federal capital
5751:
5737:
5714:
5674:
5659:
5646:
5640:
5610:
5605:
5557:
5534:
5511:
5487:Augustamnica II
5453:
5360:
5272:
5210:Diocese of Asia
5204:
5157:
5146:
5132:Macedonia Prima
5098:
5060:
5036:Noricum ripense
5008:
4997:
4971:
4928:
4881:
4814:
4803:
4765:
4717:
4683:Alpes Maritimae
4669:
4655:Lugdunensis III
4612:Diocese of Gaul
4602:
4591:
4590:(395–476)
4573:
4540:established by
4524:
4513:
4507:
4477:
4472:
4461:
4452:
4413:Moesia Superior
4408:Moesia Inferior
4241:Alpes Maritimae
4212:
4204:
4160:
4155:
4147:
4141:
4117:
4115:
4102:
4093:
4079:
4058:
4037:
4018:
4002:Lintott, Andrew
3994:
3965:
3922:
3896:
3895:
3886:
3885:
3881:
3849:
3844:
3834:
3832:
3829:www.treccani.it
3821:
3817:
3806:
3802:
3795:Historia Romana
3788:
3784:
3768:
3767:
3759:
3755:
3750:on 22 May 2020.
3744:
3728:
3724:
3717:
3701:
3697:
3687:
3685:
3680:
3679:
3675:
3670:
3666:
3658:
3654:
3646:
3642:
3634:
3630:
3622:
3618:
3610:
3606:
3598:
3594:
3586:
3582:
3574:
3570:
3562:
3558:
3550:
3546:
3538:
3531:
3523:
3519:
3507:
3503:
3495:
3491:
3483:
3479:
3471:
3467:
3452:
3448:
3437:
3433:
3426:
3400:Nicolet, Claude
3397:
3393:
3381:
3377:
3369:
3365:
3358:
3344:
3340:
3332:
3328:
3322:Richardson 1992
3320:, p. 304;
3316:
3312:
3304:
3300:
3286:
3282:
3264:
3260:
3252:
3248:
3242:Richardson 1992
3240:, p. 298;
3236:
3232:
3226:Richardson 1992
3224:
3220:
3212:
3208:
3200:
3196:
3188:
3184:
3176:
3172:
3164:
3160:
3152:
3148:
3140:
3136:
3128:
3124:
3116:
3112:
3106:Richardson 1992
3104:
3100:
3094:Richardson 1992
3092:
3088:
3082:Richardson 1992
3080:
3076:
3070:Richardson 1992
3068:
3064:
3046:Richardson 1992
3044:
3040:
3032:
3028:
3022:Richardson 1992
3020:
3013:
3003:
3001:
2996:
2995:
2964:
2960:
2955:
2887:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2835:
2811:
2806:
2801:
2795:
2774:Dacia Aureliana
2769:
2755:
2753:Under Caracalla
2718:
2653:Marcus Aurelius
2566:
2514:
2443:
2441:Under Vespasian
2411:Alpes Maritimae
2400:Moesia Inferior
2368:
2220:
2198:
2153:Herod Archelaus
2138:Moesia Inferior
2134:Moesia Superior
2122:North Macedonia
2043:Western Numidia
1870:
1841:
1614:Attalid kingdom
1612:, formerly the
1604:Third Punic War
1540:First Punic War
1527:
1522:
1346:
1328:
1322:
1219:
1178:
1169:
1086:
1077:permanent court
1039:First Punic War
1029:
912:
844:
834:of the earlier
793:
736:Roman provinces
704:
675:
671:Other countries
662:
531:
488:
423:
368:
333:
289:
266:Sullan republic
231:
227:
218:
209:
205:
198:
188:
179:
170:
140:
127:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
7454:
7444:
7443:
7438:
7433:
7416:
7415:
7413:
7412:
7407:
7402:
7397:
7392:
7387:
7378:
7375:
7374:
7371:
7370:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7358:
7353:
7348:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7317:
7316:
7311:
7303:
7298:
7293:
7292:
7291:
7283:
7278:
7273:
7268:
7263:
7258:
7253:
7247:
7245:
7241:
7240:
7238:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7221:
7220:
7210:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7185:
7180:
7175:
7170:
7165:
7160:
7155:
7154:
7153:
7143:
7138:
7133:
7128:
7123:
7118:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7103:
7098:
7097:
7096:
7091:
7083:
7078:
7073:
7068:
7063:
7058:
7057:
7056:
7051:
7046:
7041:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7008:
7003:
6998:
6993:
6988:
6983:
6978:
6972:
6970:
6962:
6961:
6951:
6950:
6947:
6946:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6938:
6935:
6934:
6932:
6931:
6926:
6921:
6916:
6911:
6906:
6901:
6896:
6891:
6886:
6881:
6876:
6871:
6866:
6861:
6856:
6850:
6848:
6844:
6843:
6841:
6840:
6835:
6834:
6833:
6823:
6818:
6813:
6808:
6803:
6802:
6801:
6791:
6786:
6781:
6776:
6771:
6766:
6761:
6756:
6751:
6746:
6741:
6740:
6739:
6729:
6724:
6719:
6714:
6709:
6704:
6699:
6698:
6697:
6687:
6682:
6677:
6672:
6667:
6662:
6657:
6652:
6647:
6646:
6645:
6635:
6630:
6624:
6622:
6614:
6613:
6603:
6602:
6599:
6598:
6595:
6594:
6592:
6591:
6590:
6589:
6581:
6576:
6571:
6566:
6565:
6564:
6557:Exclusion zone
6554:
6553:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6536:Economic zone
6533:
6531:
6527:
6526:
6524:
6523:
6522:
6521:
6513:
6507:
6505:
6501:
6500:
6498:
6497:
6495:Urban township
6492:
6487:
6485:Paper township
6482:
6480:Civil township
6477:
6471:
6469:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6459:
6454:
6448:
6446:
6440:
6439:
6437:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6414:
6409:
6404:
6403:
6402:
6397:
6386:
6384:
6378:
6377:
6375:
6374:
6367:
6362:
6357:
6352:
6346:
6344:
6338:
6337:
6335:
6334:
6329:
6324:
6319:
6314:
6309:
6308:
6307:
6300:Capital region
6297:
6292:
6291:
6290:
6281:
6279:
6273:
6272:
6270:
6269:
6266:Roman province
6262:
6255:
6249:
6247:
6241:
6240:
6238:
6237:
6230:
6225:
6220:
6214:
6212:
6206:
6205:
6203:
6202:
6197:
6192:
6191:
6190:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6149:
6147:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6137:
6134:Indian reserve
6131:
6124:
6122:
6118:
6117:
6115:
6114:
6109:
6104:
6098:
6096:
6090:
6089:
6087:
6086:
6084:Urban district
6081:
6080:
6079:
6069:
6068:
6067:
6057:
6056:
6055:
6050:
6042:
6037:
6035:Rural district
6032:
6027:
6022:
6017:
6012:
6011:
6010:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5980:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5959:
5957:
5951:
5950:
5948:
5947:
5941:
5939:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5929:
5923:
5921:
5915:
5914:
5912:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5900:
5899:
5889:
5884:
5879:
5874:
5869:
5863:
5861:
5855:
5854:
5852:
5851:
5846:
5840:
5838:
5832:
5831:
5829:
5828:
5821:
5814:
5807:
5802:
5797:
5792:
5786:
5784:
5778:
5777:
5775:
5774:
5767:
5761:
5759:
5753:
5752:
5747:
5745:
5739:
5738:
5736:
5735:
5730:
5728:County borough
5724:
5722:
5716:
5715:
5713:
5712:
5707:
5702:
5697:
5692:
5686:
5684:
5676:
5675:
5661:
5660:
5648:
5647:
5639:
5638:
5631:
5624:
5616:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5596:
5589:
5583:
5573:
5566:
5563:
5562:
5559:
5558:
5556:
5555:
5550:
5545:
5539:
5536:
5535:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5517:
5516:
5513:
5512:
5510:
5509:
5504:
5499:
5497:Libya Inferior
5494:
5492:Libya Superior
5489:
5484:
5482:Augustamnica I
5479:
5474:
5469:
5463:
5461:
5455:
5454:
5452:
5451:
5446:
5441:
5436:
5431:
5426:
5421:
5416:
5411:
5406:
5401:
5396:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5370:
5368:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5348:
5343:
5338:
5333:
5328:
5323:
5318:
5313:
5308:
5303:
5298:
5293:
5288:
5282:
5280:
5274:
5273:
5271:
5270:
5265:
5260:
5255:
5250:
5245:
5240:
5238:Lycaonia (370)
5235:
5230:
5225:
5220:
5214:
5212:
5206:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5197:
5192:
5187:
5182:
5177:
5171:
5169:
5160:
5152:
5151:
5148:
5147:
5145:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5108:
5106:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5096:
5091:
5086:
5081:
5079:Dacia Ripensis
5076:
5070:
5068:
5062:
5061:
5059:
5058:
5053:
5048:
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5022:
5020:
5011:
4999:
4998:
4985:
4984:
4981:
4980:
4977:
4976:
4973:
4972:
4970:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4930:
4929:
4927:
4926:
4921:
4916:
4911:
4902:
4897:
4891:
4889:
4883:
4882:
4880:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4828:
4826:
4817:
4809:
4808:
4805:
4804:
4802:
4801:
4796:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4775:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4764:
4763:
4758:
4753:
4748:
4743:
4741:Carthaginensis
4738:
4733:
4727:
4725:
4719:
4718:
4716:
4715:
4710:
4708:Novempopulania
4705:
4703:Narbonensis II
4700:
4695:
4690:
4685:
4679:
4677:
4671:
4670:
4668:
4667:
4662:
4660:Lugdunensis IV
4657:
4652:
4650:Lugdunensis II
4647:
4642:
4637:
4632:
4627:
4622:
4616:
4614:
4605:
4593:
4592:
4579:
4578:
4575:
4574:
4529:
4526:
4525:
4515:
4514:
4506:
4505:
4498:
4491:
4483:
4474:
4473:
4466:
4463:
4462:
4455:
4453:
4451:
4450:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4430:
4425:
4420:
4415:
4410:
4405:
4400:
4395:
4390:
4385:
4380:
4375:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4331:Gallia Belgica
4328:
4323:
4318:
4313:
4308:
4303:
4298:
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4273:
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4251:Arabia Petraea
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4217:
4214:
4213:
4203:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4180:
4172:
4171:
4166:
4159:
4158:External links
4156:
4154:
4153:
4145:
4139:
4124:
4099:
4098:
4097:
4092:
4091:
4077:
4062:
4056:
4041:
4035:
4022:
4016:
3998:
3992:
3977:
3963:
3947:
3946:
3945:
3944:
3935:
3920:
3905:
3897:|website=
3879:
3855:
3854:
3853:
3852:Modern sources
3848:
3845:
3843:
3842:
3815:
3800:
3782:
3753:
3742:
3722:
3715:
3695:
3673:
3664:
3652:
3650:, p. 347.
3640:
3628:
3616:
3604:
3592:
3590:, p. 364.
3580:
3568:
3556:
3544:
3542:, p. 355.
3529:
3517:
3501:
3489:
3487:, p. 309.
3477:
3475:, p. 114.
3465:
3446:
3431:
3425:978-0472100965
3424:
3391:
3375:
3373:, p. 307.
3363:
3356:
3338:
3336:, p. 306.
3326:
3310:
3298:
3280:
3258:
3246:
3244:, p. 573.
3230:
3228:, p. 573.
3218:
3216:, p. 292.
3206:
3194:
3182:
3170:
3158:
3146:
3134:
3132:, p. 247.
3122:
3110:
3108:, p. 570.
3098:
3096:, p. 567.
3086:
3074:
3072:, p. 565.
3062:
3038:
3026:
3024:, p. 564.
3011:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2950:
2949:
2944:
2939:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2904:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2876:
2873:
2872:
2871:
2863:
2859:Polemii Silvii
2852:
2844:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2829:
2820:
2810:
2807:
2805:
2802:
2794:
2791:
2790:
2789:
2782:
2781:
2768:
2767:Under Aurelian
2765:
2764:
2763:
2754:
2751:
2750:
2749:
2742:Syria Phoenice
2734:
2717:
2714:
2713:
2712:
2705:
2686:
2675:
2664:
2645:Antoninus Pius
2641:Dacia Inferior
2637:Dacia Superior
2613:
2598:
2565:
2562:
2561:
2560:
2549:
2530:
2523:Agri Decumates
2513:
2512:Under Domitian
2510:
2509:
2508:
2481:
2466:
2459:Lesser Armenia
2455:
2442:
2439:
2438:
2437:
2426:
2407:
2392:
2367:
2364:
2363:
2362:
2347:
2336:
2321:
2320:respectively).
2298:Severn Estuary
2286:
2263:
2248:
2219:
2218:Under Claudius
2216:
2215:
2214:
2197:
2196:Under Tiberius
2194:
2193:
2192:
2141:
2110:
2103:
2080:
2069:
2050:Gallia Belgica
2046:
2019:
2004:
1997:
1978:
1977:respectively).
1935:
1920:
1909:
1898:
1869:
1868:Under Augustus
1866:
1840:
1837:
1801:Cisalpine Gaul
1798:
1797:
1754:
1735:
1708:
1694:
1685:(73–63 BC) by
1667:
1652:
1629:
1606:
1584:
1574:
1564:
1553:
1542:
1526:
1523:
1521:
1518:
1436:Constantinople
1338:, promoted by
1321:
1318:
1301:imperium maius
1266:probably held
1218:
1215:
1177:
1174:
1168:
1165:
1157:Jugurthine War
1085:
1082:
1028:
1022:
911:
908:
843:
840:
792:
789:
764:and later the
762:Roman Republic
706:
705:
703:
702:
695:
688:
680:
677:
676:
674:
673:
667:
664:
663:
661:
660:
655:
650:
645:
638:
631:
624:
617:
610:
603:
600:Vigintisexviri
596:
589:
582:
575:
568:
561:
553:
552:
551:
543:
542:
538:
537:
530:
529:
522:
515:
508:
500:
497:
496:
490:
489:
487:
486:
479:
472:
465:
458:
453:
446:
441:
435:
432:
431:
425:
424:
422:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
380:
377:
376:
370:
369:
367:
366:
361:
356:
351:
345:
342:
341:
335:
334:
332:
331:
328:Cursus honorum
324:
319:
312:
307:
301:
298:
297:
291:
290:
288:
287:
282:
281:
280:
270:
269:
268:
258:
252:
249:
248:
242:
241:
240:
239:
230:
229:
220:
210:
208:
207:
200:
199:27 BC – AD 284
192:
191:
190:
189:27 BC – AD 395
181:
176:Roman Republic
172:
160:
159:
155:
154:
151:
150:
142:
141:
136:
129:
128:
126:
125:
118:
111:
103:
100:
99:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
44:
43:
35:
34:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
7453:
7442:
7439:
7437:
7434:
7432:
7429:
7428:
7426:
7411:
7408:
7406:
7403:
7401:
7398:
7396:
7393:
7391:
7388:
7385:
7384:
7382:
7376:
7362:
7359:
7357:
7354:
7352:
7349:
7347:
7344:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7306:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7297:
7294:
7290:
7287:
7286:
7284:
7282:
7279:
7277:
7274:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7262:
7259:
7257:
7254:
7252:
7249:
7248:
7246:
7242:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7219:
7216:
7215:
7214:
7211:
7209:
7206:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7184:
7181:
7179:
7176:
7174:
7171:
7169:
7166:
7164:
7161:
7159:
7156:
7152:
7149:
7148:
7147:
7144:
7142:
7139:
7137:
7134:
7132:
7129:
7127:
7124:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
7110:
7107:
7106:
7104:
7102:
7099:
7095:
7092:
7090:
7087:
7086:
7085:Kommun/Kunta
7084:
7082:
7079:
7077:
7074:
7072:
7069:
7067:
7064:
7062:
7059:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7036:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7007:
7004:
7002:
6999:
6997:
6994:
6992:
6989:
6987:
6984:
6982:
6979:
6977:
6974:
6973:
6971:
6967:
6963:
6956:
6952:
6930:
6927:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6910:
6909:Roman diocese
6907:
6905:
6902:
6900:
6897:
6895:
6892:
6890:
6887:
6885:
6882:
6880:
6877:
6875:
6872:
6870:
6867:
6865:
6862:
6860:
6857:
6855:
6852:
6851:
6849:
6845:
6839:
6836:
6832:
6829:
6828:
6827:
6824:
6822:
6819:
6817:
6814:
6812:
6809:
6807:
6804:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6795:
6792:
6790:
6787:
6785:
6782:
6780:
6777:
6775:
6772:
6770:
6767:
6765:
6762:
6760:
6757:
6755:
6752:
6750:
6749:Neighbourhood
6747:
6745:
6742:
6738:
6735:
6734:
6733:
6730:
6728:
6725:
6723:
6720:
6718:
6715:
6713:
6710:
6708:
6705:
6703:
6700:
6696:
6693:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6686:
6683:
6681:
6678:
6676:
6673:
6671:
6668:
6666:
6663:
6661:
6658:
6656:
6653:
6651:
6648:
6644:
6641:
6640:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
6628:Alpine resort
6626:
6625:
6623:
6619:
6615:
6608:
6604:
6588:
6585:
6584:
6582:
6580:
6577:
6575:
6572:
6570:
6567:
6563:
6560:
6559:
6558:
6555:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6538:
6537:
6535:
6534:
6532:
6528:
6520:
6517:
6516:
6514:
6512:
6511:Regional unit
6509:
6508:
6506:
6502:
6496:
6493:
6491:
6488:
6486:
6483:
6481:
6478:
6476:
6473:
6472:
6470:
6468:
6464:
6458:
6455:
6453:
6450:
6449:
6447:
6445:
6441:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6423:
6420:
6419:
6418:
6415:
6413:
6410:
6408:
6405:
6401:
6398:
6396:
6393:
6392:
6391:
6388:
6387:
6385:
6383:
6379:
6373:
6372:
6368:
6366:
6363:
6361:
6360:Federal state
6358:
6356:
6353:
6351:
6348:
6347:
6345:
6343:
6339:
6333:
6330:
6328:
6325:
6323:
6320:
6318:
6315:
6313:
6310:
6306:
6303:
6302:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6289:
6286:
6285:
6283:
6282:
6280:
6278:
6274:
6268:
6267:
6263:
6261:
6260:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6248:
6246:
6242:
6236:
6235:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6224:
6223:Subprefecture
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6207:
6201:
6198:
6196:
6193:
6189:
6186:
6185:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6150:
6148:
6146:
6142:
6135:
6132:
6129:
6126:
6125:
6123:
6119:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6099:
6097:
6095:
6091:
6085:
6082:
6078:
6075:
6074:
6073:
6070:
6066:
6063:
6062:
6061:
6058:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6045:
6043:
6041:
6038:
6036:
6033:
6031:
6028:
6026:
6023:
6021:
6018:
6016:
6013:
6009:
6006:
6005:
6004:
6001:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5993:Land district
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5968:City district
5966:
5964:
5961:
5960:
5958:
5956:
5952:
5946:
5943:
5942:
5940:
5938:
5934:
5928:
5925:
5924:
5922:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5907:
5905:
5902:
5898:
5895:
5894:
5893:
5890:
5888:
5885:
5883:
5880:
5878:
5875:
5873:
5870:
5868:
5865:
5864:
5862:
5860:
5856:
5850:
5847:
5845:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5837:
5833:
5827:
5826:
5822:
5820:
5819:
5815:
5813:
5812:
5811:Imperial city
5808:
5806:
5803:
5801:
5798:
5796:
5793:
5791:
5788:
5787:
5785:
5783:
5779:
5773:
5772:
5768:
5766:
5763:
5762:
5760:
5758:
5754:
5750:
5746:
5744:
5740:
5734:
5731:
5729:
5726:
5725:
5723:
5721:
5717:
5711:
5708:
5706:
5703:
5701:
5698:
5696:
5693:
5691:
5688:
5687:
5685:
5681:
5677:
5670:
5666:
5662:
5658:
5657:English terms
5653:
5649:
5645:
5637:
5632:
5630:
5625:
5623:
5618:
5617:
5614:
5601:
5597:
5594:
5590:
5588:
5584:
5582:
5578:
5574:
5572:
5568:
5567:
5564:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5540:
5537:
5530:
5526:
5508:
5505:
5503:
5500:
5498:
5495:
5493:
5490:
5488:
5485:
5483:
5480:
5478:
5475:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5462:
5460:
5456:
5450:
5447:
5445:
5442:
5440:
5437:
5435:
5432:
5430:
5427:
5425:
5422:
5420:
5419:Palaestina II
5417:
5415:
5412:
5410:
5407:
5405:
5402:
5400:
5397:
5395:
5392:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5371:
5369:
5367:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5352:
5349:
5347:
5344:
5342:
5339:
5337:
5334:
5332:
5329:
5327:
5326:Cappadocia II
5324:
5322:
5319:
5317:
5314:
5312:
5309:
5307:
5304:
5302:
5299:
5297:
5296:Armenia Maior
5294:
5292:
5289:
5287:
5284:
5283:
5281:
5279:
5275:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5234:
5231:
5229:
5226:
5224:
5221:
5219:
5216:
5215:
5213:
5211:
5207:
5201:
5198:
5196:
5193:
5191:
5188:
5186:
5183:
5181:
5178:
5176:
5173:
5172:
5170:
5168:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5153:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5133:
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5109:
5107:
5105:
5101:
5095:
5092:
5090:
5087:
5085:
5082:
5080:
5077:
5075:
5072:
5071:
5069:
5067:
5063:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5004:
5000:
4995:
4990:
4986:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4935:
4931:
4925:
4922:
4920:
4917:
4915:
4912:
4910:
4906:
4903:
4901:
4898:
4896:
4895:Alpes Cottiae
4893:
4892:
4890:
4888:
4884:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4829:
4827:
4825:
4821:
4818:
4816:
4810:
4800:
4797:
4795:
4792:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4774:
4772:
4768:
4762:
4761:Tarraconensis
4759:
4757:
4754:
4752:
4749:
4747:
4744:
4742:
4739:
4737:
4734:
4732:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4720:
4714:
4711:
4709:
4706:
4704:
4701:
4699:
4698:Narbonensis I
4696:
4694:
4693:Aquitanica II
4691:
4689:
4686:
4684:
4681:
4680:
4678:
4676:
4672:
4666:
4663:
4661:
4658:
4656:
4653:
4651:
4648:
4646:
4645:Lugdunensis I
4643:
4641:
4638:
4636:
4633:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4621:
4618:
4617:
4615:
4613:
4609:
4606:
4604:
4598:
4594:
4589:
4584:
4580:
4571:
4567:
4563:
4559:
4555:
4554:Constantine I
4551:
4543:
4539:
4535:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4516:
4511:
4504:
4499:
4497:
4492:
4490:
4485:
4484:
4481:
4470:
4464:
4459:
4449:
4446:
4444:
4441:
4439:
4436:
4434:
4431:
4429:
4426:
4424:
4421:
4419:
4416:
4414:
4411:
4409:
4406:
4404:
4401:
4399:
4396:
4394:
4391:
4389:
4386:
4384:
4381:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4373:
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4236:Alpes Cottiae
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4218:
4215:
4211:
4201:
4196:
4194:
4189:
4187:
4182:
4181:
4178:
4174:
4170:
4167:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4150:
4146:
4142:
4136:
4132:
4131:
4125:
4113:
4109:
4105:
4101:
4100:
4096:Other sources
4095:
4094:
4088:
4084:
4080:
4078:0-521-85073-8
4074:
4070:
4069:
4063:
4059:
4057:9780888660138
4053:
4049:
4048:
4042:
4038:
4036:90-247-1458-3
4032:
4028:
4023:
4019:
4017:0-19-815068-7
4013:
4009:
4008:
4003:
3999:
3995:
3989:
3986:. Routledge.
3985:
3984:
3978:
3974:
3970:
3966:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3949:
3948:
3941:
3940:CAH 10 (1996)
3936:
3932:
3931:CAH 10 (1996)
3927:
3926:
3923:
3921:0-521-26430-8
3917:
3913:
3912:
3906:
3902:
3890:
3882:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3863:
3857:
3856:
3851:
3850:
3830:
3826:
3819:
3811:
3804:
3796:
3792:
3786:
3778:
3772:
3764:
3757:
3749:
3745:
3743:9780198153009
3739:
3735:
3734:
3726:
3718:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3699:
3683:
3677:
3668:
3661:
3656:
3649:
3644:
3637:
3632:
3625:
3620:
3613:
3608:
3601:
3596:
3589:
3584:
3577:
3572:
3565:
3560:
3553:
3548:
3541:
3536:
3534:
3526:
3521:
3514:
3510:
3505:
3498:
3493:
3486:
3481:
3474:
3469:
3462:. p. 98.
3461:
3457:
3450:
3442:
3435:
3427:
3421:
3417:
3413:
3408:
3407:
3401:
3395:
3388:
3384:
3379:
3372:
3367:
3359:
3353:
3349:
3342:
3335:
3330:
3323:
3319:
3314:
3307:
3302:
3294:
3289:
3284:
3276:
3272:
3268:
3262:
3255:
3250:
3243:
3239:
3234:
3227:
3222:
3215:
3210:
3203:
3198:
3191:
3186:
3179:
3174:
3167:
3162:
3155:
3150:
3143:
3138:
3131:
3126:
3119:
3114:
3107:
3102:
3095:
3090:
3083:
3078:
3071:
3066:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3042:
3035:
3030:
3023:
3018:
3016:
2999:
2993:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2985:
2983:
2981:
2979:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2971:
2969:
2967:
2962:
2948:
2945:
2943:
2940:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
2918:
2915:
2913:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2903:
2900:
2898:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2879:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2853:
2851:(ca. 400–420)
2850:
2849:
2845:
2842:
2841:
2837:
2836:
2827:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2813:
2812:
2800:
2784:
2783:
2779:
2775:
2771:
2770:
2761:
2757:
2756:
2747:
2743:
2739:
2735:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2719:
2710:
2706:
2703:
2702:praefectorial
2699:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2672:procuratorial
2669:
2666:AD 103/114 –
2665:
2662:
2658:
2657:procuratorial
2654:
2650:
2646:
2642:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2611:
2610:propraetorial
2607:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2584:
2580:
2576:
2572:
2568:
2567:
2558:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2535:
2531:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2515:
2506:
2502:
2498:
2495:, annexed by
2494:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2479:
2475:
2471:
2467:
2464:
2460:
2456:
2453:
2449:
2445:
2444:
2435:
2434:procuratorial
2431:
2430:Alpes Cottiae
2427:
2424:
2423:procuratorial
2420:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2405:
2401:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2374:
2370:
2369:
2360:
2359:procuratorial
2356:
2352:
2348:
2345:
2344:procuratorial
2341:
2337:
2334:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2318:propraetorial
2315:
2311:
2307:
2303:
2299:
2295:
2291:
2287:
2284:
2283:propraetorial
2280:
2276:
2272:
2268:
2264:
2261:
2260:procuratorial
2257:
2253:
2249:
2246:
2245:procuratorial
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2222:
2221:
2212:
2208:
2207:propraetorial
2204:
2200:
2199:
2190:
2186:
2182:
2178:
2174:
2170:
2169:Herod Agrippa
2166:
2162:
2158:
2154:
2150:
2146:
2142:
2139:
2135:
2131:
2127:
2123:
2119:
2115:
2111:
2108:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2096:propraetorial
2093:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2078:
2077:procuratorial
2074:
2070:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2047:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2002:
1998:
1995:
1991:
1990:Julius Caesar
1988:conquered by
1987:
1983:
1979:
1976:
1975:propraetorial
1972:
1968:
1964:
1960:
1959:propraetorial
1956:
1952:
1948:
1945:and southern
1944:
1940:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1918:
1914:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1888:
1887:Cleopatra VII
1884:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1871:
1862:
1861:client states
1858:
1854:
1850:
1845:
1836:
1834:
1833:Acta Caesaris
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1803:(in northern
1802:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1766:Julius Caesar
1763:
1759:
1755:
1752:
1748:
1744:
1740:
1736:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1709:
1706:
1703:
1702:Seleucid king
1699:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1665:
1661:
1657:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1642:
1638:
1634:
1630:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1616:, in western
1615:
1611:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1551:
1550:Mercenary War
1547:
1543:
1541:
1537:
1536:Carthaginians
1533:
1529:
1528:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1507:
1503:
1498:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1486:
1484:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1471:
1466:
1464:
1458:
1457:
1451:
1449:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1421:urban prefect
1418:
1417:
1412:
1408:
1407:
1402:
1401:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1367:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1326:Roman diocese
1317:
1314:
1310:
1304:
1302:
1298:
1293:
1288:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1238:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1224:
1214:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1196:
1194:
1189:
1184:
1173:
1164:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1145:
1143:
1139:
1138:
1133:
1129:
1128:
1122:
1121:promagistrate
1116:
1113:
1107:
1102:
1098:
1093:
1081:
1078:
1074:
1073:
1068:
1062:
1058:
1053:
1048:
1045:
1040:
1035:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1004:
998:
993:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
968:
963:
957:
954:
948:
943:
939:
934:
929:
925:
924:
918:
907:
905:
893:
889:
885:
873:
869:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
839:
837:
833:
829:
825:
821:
817:
813:
809:
804:
802:
798:
788:
786:
782:
778:
773:
771:
767:
763:
759:
755:
750:
745:
741:
737:
729:
724:
717:
712:
701:
696:
694:
689:
687:
682:
681:
679:
678:
672:
669:
668:
666:
665:
659:
656:
654:
651:
649:
646:
644:
643:
639:
637:
636:
632:
630:
629:
625:
623:
622:
618:
616:
615:
611:
609:
608:
604:
602:
601:
597:
595:
594:
590:
588:
587:
583:
581:
580:
576:
574:
573:
569:
567:
566:
562:
560:
559:
555:
554:
550:
547:
546:
545:
544:
540:
539:
536:
535:
528:
527:
523:
521:
520:
516:
514:
513:
509:
507:
506:
502:
501:
499:
498:
495:
492:
491:
485:
484:
480:
478:
477:
473:
471:
470:
466:
464:
463:
459:
457:
454:
452:
451:
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
436:
434:
433:
430:
427:
426:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
399:Promagistrate
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
381:
379:
378:
375:
372:
371:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
346:
344:
343:
340:
337:
336:
330:
329:
325:
323:
320:
318:
317:
313:
311:
308:
306:
303:
302:
300:
299:
296:
293:
292:
286:
283:
279:
276:
275:
274:
271:
267:
264:
263:
262:
259:
257:
254:
253:
251:
250:
247:
244:
243:
238:
237:
233:
232:
226:
225:
221:
217:
216:
212:
211:
204:
201:
197:
194:
193:
187:
186:
182:
178:
177:
173:
169:
168:
167:Roman Kingdom
164:
163:
162:
161:
157:
156:
153:
152:
148:
144:
143:
139:
135:
134:
124:
119:
117:
112:
110:
105:
104:
102:
101:
96:
93:
91:
88:
86:
83:
81:
78:
76:
73:
71:
68:
66:
63:
61:
58:
56:
53:
51:
48:
47:
46:
45:
41:
37:
36:
33:
30:
29:
26:
22:
7380:
7301:Maalaiskunta
7261:Heerlijkheid
7101:Län (Sweden)
6769:Protectorate
6764:Principality
6685:Constituency
6574:Neutral zone
6369:
6265:
6264:
6257:
6232:
6145:Municipality
5823:
5816:
5809:
5795:Charter city
5769:
5700:Special area
5690:Insular area
5553:Spania (552)
5414:Palaestina I
5394:Euphratensis
5341:Helenopontus
5321:Cappadocia I
5228:Hellespontus
5127:Epirus Vetus
5094:Praevalitana
5009:of Illyricum
4799:Valentia (?)
4784:Britannia II
4688:Aquitanica I
4566:theme system
4531:
4370:
4173:
4151:(in German).
4148:
4129:
4116:. Retrieved
4112:the original
4107:
4067:
4046:
4029:. Springer.
4026:
4006:
3982:
3953:
3910:
3861:
3833:. Retrieved
3828:
3818:
3809:
3803:
3794:
3791:Cassius, Dio
3785:
3762:
3756:
3748:the original
3732:
3725:
3705:
3698:
3686:. Retrieved
3684:(in Italian)
3676:
3667:
3655:
3643:
3631:
3624:Drogula 2015
3619:
3612:Drogula 2015
3607:
3600:Drogula 2015
3595:
3588:Drogula 2015
3583:
3576:Drogula 2015
3571:
3559:
3552:Drogula 2015
3547:
3540:Drogula 2015
3525:Drogula 2015
3520:
3512:
3509:Drogula 2015
3504:
3492:
3485:Drogula 2015
3480:
3473:Lintott 1999
3468:
3455:
3449:
3443:. p. 8.
3440:
3434:
3405:
3394:
3386:
3383:Drogula 2015
3378:
3371:Drogula 2015
3366:
3347:
3341:
3334:Drogula 2015
3329:
3318:Drogula 2015
3313:
3306:Drogula 2015
3301:
3283:
3270:
3261:
3254:Drogula 2015
3249:
3238:Drogula 2015
3233:
3221:
3214:Drogula 2015
3209:
3202:Drogula 2015
3197:
3190:Drogula 2015
3185:
3178:Drogula 2015
3173:
3166:Drogula 2015
3161:
3154:Drogula 2015
3149:
3142:Drogula 2015
3137:
3130:Drogula 2015
3125:
3118:Drogula 2015
3113:
3101:
3089:
3077:
3065:
3057:
3056:, 516; Cic.
3053:
3049:
3041:
3029:
3002:. Retrieved
3000:(in Italian)
2865:
2854:
2846:
2838:
2823:
2815:
2701:
2671:
2656:
2651:) in 166 by
2621:Transylvania
2609:
2564:Under Trajan
2452:Antiochus IV
2433:
2422:
2358:
2343:
2317:
2294:River Humber
2282:
2277:and part of
2259:
2244:
2206:
2171:in AD 41 by
2148:
2130:Batonian War
2100:Guadalquivir
2095:
2076:
2042:
2038:
2035:Africa Vetus
2034:
2030:
1974:
1958:
1955:Batonian War
1894:
1832:
1818:
1808:
1799:
1781:
1778:Africa Vetus
1777:
1769:
1764:– Algeria),
1679:Nicomedes IV
1628:, in 133 BC.
1598:and western
1590:(modern-day
1506:theme system
1495:
1489:
1480:
1474:
1468:
1460:
1454:
1452:
1425:
1414:
1404:
1398:
1392:
1370:
1364:
1358:
1353:The emperor
1352:
1313:pro praetore
1312:
1309:pro praetore
1308:
1305:
1300:
1296:
1292:pro praetore
1291:
1289:
1267:
1263:
1257:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1239:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1200:
1197:
1179:
1170:
1160:
1149:Gaius Marius
1146:
1141:
1135:
1132:pro praetore
1131:
1125:
1117:
1100:
1092:extra sortem
1087:
1070:
1066:
1063:
1049:
1030:
1025:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1007:
1002:
974:
966:
958:
927:
921:
913:
903:
887:
883:
867:
859:
855:
851:
845:
805:
794:
774:
766:Roman Empire
754:Ancient Rome
735:
733:
640:
633:
626:
619:
612:
605:
598:
591:
584:
577:
570:
563:
556:
532:
524:
517:
510:
503:
481:
474:
467:
460:
448:
326:
314:
310:Collegiality
246:Constitution
234:
223:
214:
185:Roman Empire
183:
174:
165:
50:Graeco-Roman
25:
7296:Landskommun
7188:Savivaldybė
7054:Switzerland
7049:South Tyrol
6929:Viceroyalty
6722:Governorate
6680:Condominium
6583:Trade zone
6457:Market town
6452:Census town
6350:Proto-state
6322:Microregion
5887:County town
5882:County seat
5749:Half-canton
5600:Justinian I
5472:Aegyptus II
5404:Mesopotamia
5351:Paphlagonia
5180:Haemimontus
5158:of the East
5122:Epirus Nova
5046:Pannonia II
4779:Britannia I
4640:Germania II
4471:'s reforms.
4403:Mesopotamia
3688:20 November
3660:Bowman 1996
3648:Bowman 1996
3636:Bowman 1996
3564:Bowman 1996
3414:. pp.
3288:Badian 2012
3004:20 November
2738:Syria Coele
2690:Mesopotamia
2668:Epirus Nova
2649:Tres Daciae
2633:Dacian Wars
2575:Trachonitis
2538:Netherlands
2532:AD 83/84 –
2517:AD 83/84 –
2415:French Alps
2402:. In 68 AD
2355:Switzerland
2265:AD 41/53 –
2147:, imperial
2124:, northern
2054:Netherlands
2031:Africa Nova
1932:Extremadura
1883:Mark Antony
1815:Roman Italy
1782:Africa Nova
1770:Africa Nova
1758:Africa Nova
1626:Attalus III
1582:Achaean War
1400:correctores
1377:Roman Italy
1285:Balkan wars
1204:which gave
1201:lex Gabinia
1161:lex Gabinia
1142:pro consule
1137:pro consule
1099:passed the
801:Roman Italy
758:Roman Italy
505:Mos maiorum
285:Late Empire
228:AD 395–1453
7425:Categories
7244:Historical
7208:Shahrestān
7151:Autonomous
6899:Presidency
6847:Historical
6816:Suzerainty
6799:Autonomous
6643:Autonomous
6365:Free state
6355:City-state
6317:Mesoregion
6210:Prefecture
5937:Department
5577:reconquest
5467:Aegyptus I
5429:Phoenice I
5384:Cilicia II
5291:Armenia II
5041:Pannonia I
4713:Viennensis
4635:Germania I
4630:Belgica II
4570:Asia Minor
4542:Diocletian
4469:Diocletian
4281:Cappadocia
4108:Livius.org
3835:14 October
3497:Crook 1996
3387:provinciae
3034:Mason 1974
2953:References
2867:Synecdemus
2856:Laterculus
2797:See also:
2704:province).
2674:province).
2643:in 158 by
2608:(imperial
2583:Gaulanitis
2544:, part of
2436:province).
2385:Cappadocia
2366:Under Nero
2361:province).
2346:province).
2285:province).
2262:province).
2247:province).
2227:(northern
2203:Cappadocia
2183:; renamed
2090:(southern
2075:(imperial
2062:Luxembourg
1895:praefectus
1594:, eastern
1502:Exarchates
1440:Mediolanum
1394:consulares
1381:proconsuls
1355:Diocletian
1340:Diocletian
1112:provinciae
1106:provinciae
1084:Assignment
1057:provinciae
1024:Permanent
997:provinciae
962:provinciae
953:provinciae
914:The Latin
828:equestrian
814:or former
808:senatorial
777:Diocletian
749:provinciae
586:Praefectus
494:Public law
349:Centuriate
339:Assemblies
316:Auctoritas
219:AD 395–476
206:AD 284–641
196:Principate
171:753–509 BC
7441:Provinces
7285:Landskap
7281:Län/Lääni
7235:Vingtaine
7203:Seniūnija
7193:Selsoviet
7168:Poblacion
7105:Landskap
7035:Gemeinde
7026:Freguesia
6981:Apskritis
6904:Residency
6869:Exarchate
6811:Sultanate
6702:Eldership
6633:Bailiwick
6382:Territory
6332:Subregion
6077:in the US
5909:Viscounty
5836:Community
5379:Cilicia I
5331:Galatia I
5286:Armenia I
5253:Pamphylia
5185:Moesia II
5142:Thessalia
4919:Raetia II
4751:Lusitania
4746:Gallaecia
4736:Balearica
4625:Belgica I
4388:Macedonia
4276:Britannia
3973:905949529
3899:ignored (
3889:cite book
3862:provincia
3810:Athenaeum
3771:cite book
3765:. London.
3402:(1991) .
3293:provincia
2958:Citations
2917:Geography
2870:(ca. 520)
2862:(ca. 430)
2843:(ca. 310)
2828:(ca. 140)
2826:(Ptolemy)
2824:Geography
2819:(ca. 100)
2787:conquest.
2772:AD 271 –
2758:AD 214 –
2736:AD 194 –
2721:AD 193 –
2707:AD 116 –
2688:AD 116 –
2677:AD 114 –
2615:AD 107 –
2612:province)
2600:AD 106 –
2587:Auranitis
2501:Pamphylia
2489:Vespasian
2448:Commagene
2425:province)
2409:AD 63? –
2349:AD 47? –
2329:Pamphylia
2290:Britannia
2269:(central
2211:Archelaus
2086:; former
2079:province)
2010:(central
1982:Aquitania
1963:Vespasian
1939:Illyricum
1924:Lusitania
1915:; former
1906:Macedonia
1788:restored
1760:(Eastern
1728:Pamphylia
1660:Cyrenaica
1649:Marseille
1631:120 BC –
1608:129 BC –
1586:146 BC –
1578:Macedonia
1576:147 BC –
1566:197 BC –
1555:197 BC –
1544:237 BC –
1530:241 BC –
1448:Nicomedia
1406:praesides
1360:tetrarchy
1281:Macedonia
1277:Illyricum
1229:lex Titia
1193:autocracy
1183:popularis
1044:provincia
1034:provincia
1026:provincia
1018:provincia
1014:provincia
1010:provincia
975:provincia
967:provincia
933:provincia
917:provincia
910:Emergence
860:provincia
856:provincia
824:Cleopatra
797:Tetrarchy
744:provincia
628:Imperator
476:Decemviri
469:Triumviri
439:Corrector
180:509–27 BC
7386:See also
7121:Maakunta
7116:Località
7061:Gemeente
7021:Frazione
6991:Barangay
6821:Townland
6759:Precinct
6744:Muftiate
6695:District
6655:Cadastre
6467:Township
6245:Province
6136:(Canada)
6094:Division
5955:District
5346:Honorias
5316:Bithynia
5089:Moesia I
5084:Dardania
5026:Dalmatia
4947:Byzacena
4914:Raetia I
4862:Sardinia
4837:Campania
4815:of Italy
4538:dioceses
4311:Dalmatia
4226:Aegyptus
4209:(117 AD)
4118:26 March
4004:(1999).
3269:(2000).
3060:, 26.63.
2875:See also
2816:Germania
2778:Aurelian
2760:Osrhoene
2661:Aurelian
2551:AD 92 –
2527:Domitian
2497:Claudius
2483:AD 74 –
2474:Augustus
2457:AD 72 –
2446:AD 72 –
2428:AD 63 –
2413:(on the
2394:AD 63 –
2371:AD 62 –
2338:AD 46 –
2331:to form
2323:AD 43 –
2302:Agricola
2288:AD 43 –
2275:Slovenia
2250:AD 42 –
2241:Claudius
2237:Caligula
2223:AD 42 –
2201:AD 17 –
2173:Claudius
2126:Bulgaria
2112:AD 6? –
2082:14 BC –
2071:15 BC –
2048:22 BC –
2021:25 BC –
2012:Anatolia
2006:25 BC –
1951:Dalmatia
1947:Pannonia
1937:27 BC –
1928:Portugal
1922:27 BC –
1911:27 BC –
1900:27 BC –
1879:Augustus
1875:Aegyptus
1873:30 BC –
1825:Augustus
1813:part of
1810:de facto
1792:(son of
1786:Augustus
1756:46 BC –
1737:58 BC –
1710:63 BC –
1696:63 BC –
1669:63 BC –
1654:67 BC –
1641:the Alps
1620:(now in
1618:Anatolia
1514:Dominate
1442:(modern
1416:vicarius
1411:dioceses
1366:Augustus
1307:legates
1297:imperium
1268:imperium
944:was the
938:quaestor
928:imperium
923:imperium
904:eparchos
884:eparchia
852:province
820:Augustus
816:praetors
770:governor
756:outside
716:Augustus
658:Tetrarch
648:Augustus
593:Vicarius
572:Officium
483:Interrex
444:Dictator
419:Governor
394:Quaestor
359:Plebeian
305:Imperium
261:Republic
236:Timeline
203:Dominate
7381:italics
7341:Satrapy
7326:Pargana
7251:Commote
7109:Finland
7089:Finland
7081:Kampong
7071:Hromada
7044:Germany
7039:Austria
7011:Comarca
6969:Current
6924:Tithing
6894:Monthon
6879:Hundred
6826:Village
6779:Regency
6774:Quarter
6707:Emirate
6675:Commune
6665:Circuit
6621:Current
5919:Country
5757:Capital
5720:Borough
5543:Taurica
5477:Arcadia
5439:Syria I
5409:Osroene
5399:Isauria
5258:Pisidia
5233:Islands
5200:Thracia
5195:Scythia
5190:Rhodope
4909:Aemilia
4905:Liguria
4877:Valeria
4867:Sicilia
4857:Samnium
4842:Corsica
4731:Baetica
4603:of Gaul
4558:Ravenna
4523:History
4448:Thracia
4438:Sicilia
4418:Noricum
4321:Galatia
4286:Cilicia
4266:Assyria
4256:Armenia
3847:Sources
2912:Ecumene
2723:Numidia
2709:Assyria
2683:Hadrian
2679:Armenia
2663:in 271.
2629:Oltenia
2579:Batanea
2553:Chalcis
2546:Belgium
2505:Galatia
2478:Cilicia
2470:Cilicia
2381:Colchis
2340:Thracia
2296:to the
2279:Bavaria
2271:Austria
2267:Noricum
2256:Algeria
2233:Ptolemy
2229:Morocco
2189:Hadrian
2177:Galilee
2157:Samaria
2143:AD 6 –
2105:7 BC –
2058:Belgium
2027:Juba II
2016:Amyntas
2008:Galatia
1943:Illyria
1891:pharaoh
1851:(117);
1820:de jure
1790:Juba II
1762:Numidia
1747:Cilicia
1716:Cilicia
1712:Cilicia
1596:Algeria
1592:Tunisia
1532:Sicilia
1510:themata
1476:limites
1463:Notitia
1403:to the
1254:legates
942:praetor
898:ἔπαρχος
878:ἐπαρχίᾱ
868:eparchy
848:English
812:consuls
791:History
728:Hadrian
579:Praeses
558:Legatus
549:Emperor
409:Tribune
389:Praetor
354:Curiate
256:Kingdom
224:Eastern
215:Western
158:Periods
60:Islamic
55:Chinese
7356:Syssel
7346:Socken
7314:Greece
7289:Sweden
7276:Korale
7271:Köping
7266:Komunë
7230:Tehsil
7146:Oblast
7094:Sweden
7016:Comune
7001:Bezirk
6996:Bashki
6986:Bakhsh
6859:Barony
6854:Agency
6831:Summer
6794:Sector
6789:Riding
6754:Parish
6727:Hamlet
6670:Colony
6660:Circle
6638:Banner
6277:Region
5859:County
5743:Canton
5595:in 536
5389:Cyprus
5374:Arabia
5175:Europa
5112:Achaea
4562:Africa
4433:Raetia
4378:Iudaea
4372:Italia
4316:Epirus
4301:Cyprus
4221:Achaia
4137:
4087:121060
4085:
4075:
4054:
4033:
4014:
3990:
3971:
3961:
3918:
3877:
3740:
3713:
3422:
3418:, 15.
3354:
2627:, and
2623:, the
2606:Trajan
2602:Arabia
2591:Paneas
2571:Iturea
2499:, and
2389:Trajan
2373:Pontus
2181:Peraea
2165:Idumea
2163:, and
2145:Judaea
2118:Serbia
2114:Moesia
2102:River.
2073:Raetia
1994:census
1902:Achaia
1849:Trajan
1829:Caesar
1794:Juba I
1774:Africa
1739:Cyprus
1720:piracy
1687:Pompey
1673:; the
1622:Turkey
1588:Africa
1372:caesar
1279:, and
1273:Africa
1264:legati
1246:public
1223:fasces
1206:Pompey
1067:ad hoc
1052:Baetis
1003:ad hoc
983:Second
888:eparch
746:, pl.
653:Caesar
614:Lictor
414:Censor
404:Aedile
384:Consul
364:Tribal
273:Empire
7351:Subah
7336:Rreth
7331:Plasă
7321:Pagus
7309:Egypt
7305:Nome
7225:Sýsla
7218:China
7198:Sitio
7183:Raion
7173:Purok
7163:Ostān
7158:Okrug
7136:Mukim
7131:Muban
7126:Megye
7076:Județ
7066:Gmina
6919:Tenth
6889:March
6864:Burgh
6806:Shire
6737:Royal
6732:Manor
6690:Duchy
6650:Block
6342:State
5248:Lydia
5243:Lycia
5223:Caria
5117:Creta
5051:Savia
4443:Syria
4306:Dacia
3058:Cael.
3054:Haut.
3050:Capt.
2746:Syria
2625:Banat
2617:Dacia
2542:Rhine
2493:Lycia
2404:Galba
2325:Lycia
2161:Judea
2092:Spain
2066:Rhine
1805:Italy
1724:Lycia
1698:Syria
1664:Crete
1600:Libya
1470:duces
1444:Milan
936:of a
892:Greek
872:Greek
850:word
832:kings
740:Latin
7361:Zhou
7178:Qark
6914:Seat
6874:Hide
6838:Ward
6530:Zone
6504:Unit
6444:Town
5782:City
5683:Area
5218:Asia
4560:and
4261:Asia
4135:ISBN
4120:2020
4083:OCLC
4073:ISBN
4052:ISBN
4031:ISBN
4012:ISBN
3988:ISBN
3969:OCLC
3959:ISBN
3916:ISBN
3901:help
3875:ISBN
3837:2014
3777:link
3738:ISBN
3711:ISBN
3690:2021
3420:ISBN
3352:ISBN
3006:2021
2740:and
2694:Iraq
2639:and
2589:and
2419:Nero
2312:and
2179:and
2136:and
1986:Gaul
1969:and
1930:and
1885:and
1726:and
1610:Asia
1397:and
1389:Asia
1387:and
985:and
846:The
734:The
7256:Gau
7213:Sum
6976:Amt
4907:et
3867:doi
3515:34.
2729:by
2525:by
2187:by
1835:).
1383:of
1349:).
1248:or
906:).
787:).
565:Dux
512:Ius
462:Rex
7427::
7383:.
7031:Fu
4546:c.
4544:,
4106:.
4081:.
3967:.
3893::
3891:}}
3887:{{
3873:.
3827:.
3793:.
3773:}}
3769:{{
3532:^
3513:RG
3458:.
3410:.
3273:.
3014:^
2965:^
2585:,
2581:,
2577:,
2573:,
2487:.
2391:).
2335:).
2159:,
2060:,
2045:).
1714:;
1658:;
1651:).
1493:.
1344:c.
1275:,
1195:.
1144:.
902:,
894::
882:,
874::
838:.
803:.
772:.
742::
5635:e
5628:t
5621:v
4502:e
4495:t
4488:v
4199:e
4192:t
4185:v
4143:.
4122:.
4089:.
4060:.
4039:.
4020:.
3996:.
3975:.
3924:.
3903:)
3883:.
3869::
3839:.
3779:)
3719:.
3692:.
3428:.
3416:1
3360:.
3008:.
2692:(
2597:.
2559:.
2536:(
2507:.
2480:.
2213:.
2052:(
1926:(
1753:.
1342:(
1124:(
890:(
870:(
738:(
699:e
692:t
685:v
122:e
115:t
108:v
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.