420:
1422:—to serve for a period of five days with the sole purpose of nominating the next king of Rome. If no king were nominated at the end of five days, with the Senate's consent the interrex would appoint another Senator to succeed him for another five-day term. This process would continue until a new king was elected. Once the interrex found a suitable nominee to the kingship, he would bring the nominee before the Senate and the Senate would review him. If the Senate passed the nominee, the interrex would convene the Curiate Assembly and preside over it during the election of the king. Once the nominee was proposed to the Curiate Assembly, the citizens of Rome could either accept or reject him. If accepted, the king-elect did not immediately enter office. Two other acts still had to take place before he was invested with the full regal authority and power.
2180:
2311:
2364:. Since he was not legally responsible for his actions as a dictator, he was unquestionable. However, the power of the dictator was so absolute that Ancient Romans were hesitant in electing one, reserving this decision only to times of severe emergencies. Although this seems similar to the roles of a king, dictators of Rome were limited to serving a maximum six-month term limit. Contrary to the modern notion of a dictator as a usurper, Roman dictators were freely chosen, usually from the ranks of consuls, during turbulent periods when one-man rule proved more efficient.
65:
1815:
1075:
1877:
1984:
6706:
1708:
6695:
955:
1478:
legislation proposed by the king passed the
Curiate Assembly, the Senate could either veto it or accept it as law. The king was, by custom, to seek the advice of the Senate on major issues. However, it was left to him to decide what issues, if any, were brought before them and he was free to accept or reject their advice as he saw fit. Only the king possessed the power to convene the Senate, except during the
1750:. His work began with fortifications. He permitted men of all classes to come to Rome as citizens, including slaves and freemen without distinction. He is credited with establishing the city's religious, legal and political institutions. The kingdom was established by unanimous acclaim with him at the helm when Romulus called the citizenry to a council for the purposes of determining their government.
1370:
king laid before them. While the
Curiate Assembly had the power to pass laws that had been submitted by the king, the Senate was effectively an honorary council. It could advise the king on his action but by no means could prevent him from acting. The only thing that the king could not do without the approval of the Senate and the Curiate Assembly was to declare war against a foreign nation.
2103:
2089:
races. After that, he started the building of the temple-fortress to the god
Jupiter on the Capitoline Hill. However, before it was completed, he was killed by a son of Ancus Marcius, after 38 years as king. His reign is best remembered for introducing the Roman symbols of military and civil offices,
1477:
Under the monarchy, the Senate possessed very little power and authority as the king held most of the political power of the state and could exercise those powers without the Senate's consent. The chief function of the Senate was to serve as the king's council and be his legislative coordinator. Once
1848:
He reigned for thirty-seven years. According to the legend, Romulus vanished at age fifty-four while reviewing his troops on the Campus
Martius. He was reported to have been taken up to Mt. Olympus in a whirlwind and made a god. After initial acceptance by the public, rumours and suspicions of foul
1369:
Under the kings, the Senate and
Curiate Assembly had very little power and authority. They were not independent since they lacked the right to meet together and discuss questions of state at their own will. They could be called together only by the king and could discuss only the matters that the
1974:
According to Livy, Tullus neglected the worship of the gods until, towards the end of his reign, he fell ill and became superstitious. However, when Tullus called upon
Jupiter and begged assistance, Jupiter responded with a bolt of lightning that burned the king and his house to ashes. His reign
1832:
of young women from among the attendees. The accounts vary from 30 to 683 women taken, a significant number for a population of 3,000 Latins (and presumably for the
Sabines as well). War broke out when Romulus refused to return the captives. After the Sabines made three unsuccessful attempts to
1425:
First, it was necessary to obtain the divine will of the gods respecting his appointment by means of the auspices, since the king would serve as high priest of Rome. This ceremony was performed by an augur, who conducted the king-elect to the citadel, where he was placed on a stone seat as the
1382:
both granted him military powers and qualified him to pronounce legal judgement in all cases as the chief justice of Rome. Though he could assign pontiffs to act as minor judges in some cases, he had supreme authority in all cases brought before him, both civil and criminal. This made the king
2065:
One of his first reforms was to add 100 new members to the Senate from the conquered
Etruscan tribes, bringing the total number of senators to 200. He used the treasures Rome had acquired from the conquests to build great monuments for Rome. Among these were Rome's great sewer systems, the
2053:
birth. After immigrating to Rome, he gained favor with Ancus, who later adopted him as son. Upon ascending the throne, he waged wars against the
Sabines and Etruscans, doubling the size of Rome and bringing great treasures to the city. To accommodate the influx of population, the
1453:
According to legend, Romulus established the Senate after he founded Rome by personally selecting the most noble men (wealthy men with legitimate wives and children) to serve as a council for the city. As such, the Senate was the King's advisory council as the
1295:. The king was required to appoint the tribune upon entering office and the tribune left office upon the king's death. The tribune was second in rank to the king and also possessed the power to convene the Curiate Assembly and lay legislation before it.
1430:
upon the king. The
Curiate Assembly's previous vote only determined who was to be king, and had not by that act bestowed the necessary power of the king upon him. Accordingly, the king himself proposed to the Curiate Assembly a law granting him
1426:
people waited below. If found worthy of the kingship, the augur announced that the gods had given favourable tokens, thus confirming the king's priestly character. The second act which had to be performed was the conferral of the
2392:, flamens, pontiffs, and even the Rex Sacrorum himself. By the beginning of the 1st century BC, the Rex Sacrorum was all but forgotten, and the Pontifex Maximus given almost complete religious authority over the Roman religion.
2122:, Rome's second king of Etruscan birth, and the son of a slave. Like his father-in-law, Servius fought successful wars against the Etruscans. He used the booty to build the first wall all around the Seven Hills of Rome, the
2341:. Initially, the consuls possessed all of the king's powers in the form of two men, elected for a one-year term, who could veto each other's actions. Later, the consuls' powers were broken down further by adding other
1347:, he conducted all religious ceremonies and appointed lower religious offices and officers. It is said that Romulus himself instituted the augurs and was believed to have been the best augur of all. Likewise, King
1173:, the battle occurred in 387–6), and what remained eventually fell prey to time or to theft. With no contemporary records of the kingdom surviving, all accounts of the Roman kings must be carefully questioned.
2381:
highest religious official for the Republic. His sole task was to make the annual sacrifice to Jupiter, a privilege that had been previously reserved for the king. The Pontifex Maximus, however, was the
2158:
Servius' reforms made a big change in Roman life: voting rights based on socio-economic status, favouring elites. However, over time, Servius increasingly favoured the poor in order to gain support from
1849:
play by the patricians began to grow. In particular, some thought that members of the nobility had murdered him, dismembered his body, and buried the pieces on their land. These were set aside after an
1383:
supreme in times of both war and peace. While some writers believed there was no appeal from the king's decisions, others believed that a proposal for appeal could be brought before the king by any
1199:, the city's founder, were elected by the people of Rome to serve for life, and did not rely upon military force to gain or keep the throne. The only king to break fully with this tradition was
1967:. During Tullus's reign, the city of Alba Longa was completely destroyed and Tullus integrated its population into Rome. Tullus is attributed with constructing a new home for the Senate, the
8424:
1910:
and, after establishing peace with Rome's neighbours, closed the doors of the temple to indicate a state of peace. They remained closed for the rest of his reign. He established the
1435:, and the Curiate Assembly by voting in favor of the law would grant it. In theory, the people of Rome elected their leader, but the Senate had most of the control over the process.
8419:
2027:. Rome grew, as Ancus used diplomacy to peacefully unite smaller surrounding cities into alliance with Rome. Thus, he completed the conquest of the Latins and relocated them to the
2106:
A map of the City of the Four Regions, roughly corresponding to the city limits during the later kingdom. The division is traditionally, though probably incorrectly, attributed to
1335:, and no public business could be performed without the will of the gods made known through auspices. The people knew the king as a mediator between them and the gods (cf. Latin
1304:, who acted as the warden of the city. When the king was absent from the city, the prefect held all of the king's powers and abilities, even to the point of being bestowed with
419:
7103:
2237:, wife and daughter to powerful Roman nobles. Lucretia told her relatives about the attack, and committed suicide to avoid the dishonour of the episode. Four men, led by
1406:, the seventh and final king of Rome, judged capital criminal cases without the advice of counsellors, thereby creating fear amongst those who might think to oppose him.
1418:. Supreme power of the state would devolve to the Senate, which was responsible for finding a new king. The Senate would assemble and appoint one of its own members—the
1122:
and hills surrounding it provided easily defensible positions in the wide fertile plain surrounding them. Each of these features contributed to the success of the city.
357:
332:
318:
304:
2296:, and would cover a period during which Rome's authority and area of control extended to cover vast areas of Europe, North Africa, and West Asia. He ruled 25 years.
1042:
Little is certain about the kingdom's history as no records and few inscriptions from the time of the kings survive. The accounts of this period written during the
2000:. Much like his grandfather, Ancus did little to expand the borders of Rome and only fought wars to defend the territory. He also built Rome's first prison on the
1522:
3366:
8364:
1514:
7015:
1516:
1141:
60 BC – after 7 BC), recounts that a series of seven kings ruled the settlement in Rome's first centuries. The traditional chronology, as codified by
7096:
6955:
2408:
1944:
by adjusting it for the solar and lunar year, as well as by adding the months of January and February to bring the total number of months to twelve.
1390:
To assist the king, a council advised him during all trials, but this council had no power to control his decisions. Also, two criminal detectives (
8414:
6917:
2520:
1960:
8384:
7010:
5765:
753:
2222:. However, Tarquin's reign is remembered for his use of violence and intimidation to control Rome and his disrespect for Roman custom and the
5797:
3253:
1711:
A map of Rome in 753 BC. Colours show topography, with green lowlands and brown highlands. The Latin names of hills are included in all caps.
1339:, "bridge-builder", in this sense, between men and the gods) and thus viewed the king with religious awe. This made the king the head of the
777:
7089:
6987:
6832:
6428:
5780:
3795:
1448:
765:
228:
2928:
598:
6992:
6932:
3837:
3825:
7035:
6392:
5322:
3884:
983:
926:
8379:
6526:
2889:
2850:
2829:
2787:
2653:
2593:
2484:
1260:
of the king was held for life and protected him from ever being brought to trial for his actions. As the king was the sole owner of
6433:
3800:
2614:
2589:
2505:
1491:
7454:
6970:
6742:
5998:
5172:
3810:
1842:
1828:. To provide his citizens with wives, Romulus invited the neighbouring tribes to a festival in Rome where the Romans committed a
1458:. The Senate was composed of 300 senators, with 100 senators representing each of the three ancient tribes of Rome: the Ramnes (
5210:
5117:
3805:
3539:
1518:
7025:
6676:
5839:
5087:
3912:
3439:
3214:
3187:
3032:
2754:
1769:. To project command, he surrounded himself with attendants, in particular the twelve lictors. He created three divisions of
8399:
7756:
7474:
6473:
5748:
5556:
5177:
5052:
4205:
1955:
was as warlike as Romulus had been, completely unlike Numa as he lacked any respect for the gods. Tullus waged war against
1515:
583:
1996:
Following the mysterious death of Tullus, the Romans elected a peaceful and religious king in his place, Numa's grandson,
1474:. The king had the sole authority to appoint the senators, but this selection was done in accordance with ancient custom.
64:
8269:
8012:
7960:
5802:
5665:
3758:
2070:, which he used to drain the swamp-like area between the Seven Hills of Rome. In its place, he began construction on the
1903:
to succeed Romulus, on account of his reputation for justice and piety. The choice was accepted by the Curiate Assembly.
1583:
Established many of Rome's most important religious and political institutions; introduced twelve-month solar calendar.
1519:
8151:
7822:
6975:
6960:
6521:
6106:
5733:
5566:
5327:
3429:
931:
637:
8263:
7871:
7068:
6922:
6857:
5753:
5728:
5571:
5097:
3857:
3424:
3419:
3395:
3246:
3160:
3100:
3081:
2450:
2211:
2038:
He died a natural death, like his grandfather, after 25 years as king, marking the end of Rome's Latin–Sabine kings.
1693:
1517:
1186:
641:
1289:
to serve as both the tribune of the Ramnes tribe in Rome and as the commander of the king's personal bodyguard, the
8389:
7112:
7020:
6937:
6825:
6125:
5406:
5292:
5112:
3785:
3434:
3361:
1190:
896:
8281:
7040:
6965:
6249:
6161:
6008:
6003:
5834:
5702:
3378:
3311:
3116:
2254:
1032:
798:
267:
2179:
2163:, often at the expense of patricians. After a 44-year reign, Servius was killed in a conspiracy by his daughter
8257:
8161:
8105:
7263:
6197:
5785:
5262:
4132:
4057:
3815:
2250:
1964:
1757:
as an advisory council with the appointment of 100 of the most noble men in the community. These men he called
976:
866:
521:
2143:. He used the census to divide the population into four urban tribes based on location, thus establishing the
1012:
when the city and its territory were ruled by kings. According to tradition, the Roman Kingdom began with the
8146:
8080:
7879:
7611:
7534:
7385:
6448:
6279:
6166:
5697:
5692:
4628:
771:
713:
708:
692:
2388:
highest religious official and held most of the king's religious authority. He had the power to appoint all
6982:
6207:
6146:
6131:
5983:
5844:
5297:
4468:
4072:
3524:
3239:
2884:
2845:
2824:
2782:
2648:
2609:
2584:
2500:
2479:
2277:
2242:
2132:
1824:
901:
834:
8275:
8227:
7918:
7405:
6927:
6818:
6735:
6551:
6269:
6115:
5897:
5807:
5707:
5593:
5561:
5246:
5167:
5092:
4851:
3907:
3790:
3336:
3140:
1834:
1754:
1692:
Last King of Rome; overthrew Servius; conquered various Latin cities and established colonies; built the
1444:
1316:
947:
788:
223:
8409:
8221:
8215:
8166:
8156:
7586:
7571:
7434:
7030:
6798:
6606:
6234:
6054:
5961:
5934:
5869:
5743:
5277:
5203:
5127:
4791:
4683:
4453:
4225:
4047:
3955:
3820:
3763:
2246:
2188:
2168:
1799:, named after 30 of the Sabine women who had intervened to end the war between Romulus and Tatius. The
1687:
1403:
1200:
1134:
881:
840:
206:
1203:, the final king, who according to tradition seized power from his predecessor and ruled as a tyrant.
1157:
200 BC), allows 243 years for their combined reigns, an average of almost 35 years. Since the work of
8394:
8333:
7616:
6786:
6636:
6402:
6325:
6289:
5307:
5272:
5267:
5147:
4240:
4195:
4122:
4042:
3990:
3980:
3932:
3279:
3130:
2046:
1629:
969:
911:
876:
871:
399:
182:
8239:
7591:
7444:
7380:
6651:
6641:
6621:
6591:
6546:
6244:
6086:
6018:
5988:
5968:
5849:
5525:
5490:
5287:
4748:
4658:
4167:
4147:
4142:
4127:
4080:
4020:
3975:
3777:
1822:
Romulus was behind one of the most notorious acts in Roman history, the incident commonly known as
1766:
1384:
1340:
1312:
891:
626:
484:
98:
1520:
1283:
The king had the power to either appoint or nominate all officials to offices. He would appoint a
1240:
The king was invested with supreme military, executive, and judicial authority through the use of
8404:
8327:
8002:
7894:
7856:
7351:
7281:
6531:
6294:
6151:
6121:
6096:
6013:
5973:
5912:
5811:
5576:
5546:
5157:
5137:
5077:
5067:
5057:
4463:
4152:
4052:
4032:
3947:
3937:
3642:
3582:
3562:
3274:
1837:
to end the war. The two peoples were united in a joint kingdom, with Romulus and the Sabine king
784:
656:
573:
20:
8359:
8287:
8233:
8181:
8171:
8007:
7950:
7621:
7058:
6728:
6229:
6217:
5993:
5978:
5670:
5312:
5162:
5152:
5102:
5082:
4896:
4871:
4836:
4718:
4443:
4090:
3852:
3383:
2669:
2442:
2148:
1668:
1252:
1158:
1142:
916:
8251:
8095:
8047:
8033:
7861:
7601:
7514:
7464:
7143:
7126:
6536:
6463:
6443:
6357:
6306:
6064:
6044:
5854:
5448:
5416:
5302:
5282:
5196:
5132:
5062:
4886:
4638:
4438:
4433:
4230:
4137:
4062:
4025:
4010:
3985:
3965:
3867:
3064:
2923:
1467:
1459:
1146:
906:
886:
808:
445:
337:
2360:. A dictator would have complete authority over civil and military matters within the Roman
2337:
In order to replace the leadership of the kings, a new office was created with the title of
2310:
2191:. He was the son of Priscus and the son-in-law of Servius, whom he and his wife had killed.
8299:
8176:
8115:
8100:
8023:
7987:
7943:
7933:
7711:
7683:
7489:
7333:
7231:
7175:
6387:
6202:
6091:
6069:
5723:
5621:
5505:
5373:
5142:
5107:
4796:
4663:
4563:
4488:
4353:
4316:
3692:
3356:
2331:
2273:
2238:
1956:
724:
515:
439:
4786:
1634:
Expanded Roman hegemony over Latium; doubled membership in the Senate to 200; drained the
8:
8321:
8052:
7955:
7938:
7928:
7783:
7706:
7529:
7524:
7459:
7359:
7269:
6882:
6671:
6661:
6616:
6382:
6347:
6342:
6059:
5680:
5616:
5536:
5072:
4921:
4723:
4593:
4543:
3862:
3459:
2111:
1923:
1664:
1166:
1091:
686:
674:
651:
553:
27:
2570:
He may have chosen this number from the number of the birds who foretold his sovereignty
2345:
that each held a small portion of the king's original powers. First among these was the
8245:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8110:
8075:
8070:
8028:
7992:
7851:
7746:
7668:
7641:
7581:
7484:
7469:
7307:
7287:
7050:
6862:
6841:
6646:
6631:
6611:
6468:
6409:
6362:
6284:
6141:
6111:
6101:
6076:
6049:
5956:
5949:
5885:
5641:
5636:
5353:
5122:
4846:
4653:
4508:
4448:
4368:
4311:
4175:
3411:
3390:
2435:
2323:
1269:
647:
587:
4761:
1906:
Numa's reign was marked by peace and religious reform. He constructed a new temple to
1893:
for one year, during which ten men chosen from the Senate governed Rome as successive
8090:
8085:
8018:
7977:
7971:
7812:
7731:
7726:
7721:
7716:
7519:
7499:
7449:
7439:
7420:
6899:
6596:
6586:
6458:
6372:
6337:
6264:
6254:
6032:
5902:
5816:
5646:
5626:
5600:
5588:
5383:
5378:
5363:
5358:
5343:
4756:
4608:
4363:
4323:
4301:
3509:
3220:
3210:
3193:
3183:
3166:
3156:
3096:
3077:
3028:
2760:
2750:
2446:
2327:
2315:
2230:
1814:
1731:
1567:
792:
602:
434:
108:
3135:
1853:
testified that Romulus had come to him in a vision and told him that he was the god
1535:'s chronology of reign-lengths. Consult particular article for details of each king.
8374:
8307:
7889:
7884:
7807:
7741:
7736:
7606:
7576:
7544:
7400:
7345:
7324:
7302:
7081:
6892:
6877:
6872:
6774:
6666:
6488:
6438:
6419:
6414:
6367:
6274:
6212:
6192:
6180:
6136:
5939:
5919:
5907:
5770:
5651:
5368:
5231:
5223:
4821:
4781:
4713:
4648:
4573:
4568:
4340:
4263:
4210:
4005:
4000:
3889:
3748:
3697:
3657:
3627:
3622:
3617:
3607:
3529:
3476:
3469:
3454:
3449:
3373:
3301:
2372:
2342:
2210:
cities. He also engaged in a series of public works, notably the completion of the
2194:
Tarquinius waged a number of wars against Rome's neighbours, including against the
2144:
2140:
1952:
1936:
1927:
1858:
1829:
1804:
1723:
1591:
1455:
1247:
1063:
1013:
408:
254:
158:
5738:
2077:
Priscus initiated great building projects, including the city's first bridge, the
1125:
The traditional version of Roman history, which has come down principally through
8369:
7830:
7798:
7793:
7773:
7636:
7596:
7566:
7549:
7509:
7494:
7479:
7410:
7395:
7312:
7292:
7165:
6887:
6792:
6576:
6566:
6561:
6556:
6453:
6377:
6239:
5758:
5656:
5541:
5441:
5348:
4916:
4728:
4708:
4668:
4603:
4553:
4548:
4423:
4373:
4281:
4115:
4095:
4015:
3464:
3289:
3022:
2319:
2119:
2001:
1983:
1850:
1654:
1570:; founder of Rome; established Roman Senate, army, first religious institutions.
1300:
1265:
1107:
828:
631:
241:
194:
7688:
1833:
invade the hill settlements of Rome, the women themselves intervened during the
1165:
destroyed many of Rome's historical records when they sacked the city after the
8313:
8209:
8203:
7803:
7778:
7651:
7646:
7631:
7626:
7561:
7556:
7539:
7504:
7297:
7275:
7219:
7158:
6947:
6768:
6709:
6656:
6626:
6571:
6478:
6352:
6299:
6259:
5929:
5924:
5775:
5675:
5631:
5583:
5531:
5485:
5453:
5411:
5388:
4971:
4613:
4348:
4296:
4268:
4215:
4200:
4180:
3995:
3970:
3927:
3917:
3743:
3717:
3647:
3632:
3597:
3557:
3318:
2389:
2357:
2305:
2285:
2219:
2082:
2078:
2024:
2020:
1968:
1941:
1911:
1900:
1643:
1578:
1348:
1344:
1099:
1069:
1051:
1043:
759:
563:
543:
478:
350:
309:
146:
48:
3224:
2102:
1074:
8353:
7997:
7835:
7339:
7185:
6780:
6581:
6222:
5792:
5458:
5317:
4503:
4473:
4388:
3922:
3899:
3712:
3567:
3552:
3499:
2764:
2289:
2288:. This new government would survive for the next 500 years until the rise of
2215:
2152:
2091:
2067:
2055:
2028:
1997:
1747:
1716:
1639:
1608:
1119:
1020:
921:
451:
170:
19:"Regal period" redirects here. For the regal period in Athenian history, see
3209:(1st Harvard ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
3197:
3170:
1742:
to the throne, they decided to build a city in the area where they had been
1327:
What is known for certain is that the king alone possessed the right to the
7370:
7225:
7205:
7002:
6867:
6849:
6751:
6699:
6506:
6311:
6081:
5685:
5551:
5500:
5475:
4981:
4841:
4286:
4235:
4190:
4185:
4037:
3847:
3733:
3677:
3672:
3444:
3328:
3262:
2368:
2350:
2338:
2281:
2267:
2223:
2207:
2164:
2059:
2016:
1838:
1746:. After killing Remus in a dispute, Romulus began building the city on the
1672:
1614:
1364:
1355:
and through them developed the foundations of the religious dogma of Rome.
1273:
1182:
1103:
1083:
1047:
1009:
959:
680:
509:
465:
383:
115:
2266:, held a negative connotation in the Latin language until the fall of the
2139:, which divided the population into five economic classes, and formed the
1470:). Within each tribe, a senator was selected from each of the tribe's ten
1228:
around the head. Of all these insignia, the most important was the purple
7923:
7788:
6601:
6541:
6511:
5864:
5495:
4776:
4398:
4220:
4110:
3504:
2349:, which removed the consuls' judicial authority from them. Next came the
2071:
2012:
1890:
1876:
1865:
1719:
1660:
1635:
1505:
1479:
1415:
1215:
1115:
1087:
821:
734:
489:
3180:
A Critical History of Early Rome: from Prehistory to the First Punic War
1868:
was maintained in the centre of Rome until the end of the Roman Empire.
5859:
5468:
5001:
4941:
4906:
4698:
4633:
4623:
4518:
4403:
4291:
3874:
3842:
3587:
3514:
3346:
3341:
2262:
1676:
1597:
1079:
814:
323:
26:
For the 5th-century "Roman kingdom" in Soissons ruled by Syagrius, see
3231:
2131:
Servius Tullius instituted a new constitution, further developing the
7190:
7063:
6810:
5031:
5026:
4986:
4911:
4881:
4861:
4738:
4678:
4588:
4538:
4533:
4458:
4418:
4306:
4276:
4085:
3960:
3753:
3637:
3612:
3491:
2744:
2160:
2023:
and established Rome's first salt works, as well as the city's first
2008:
1841:
sharing the throne. In addition to the war with the Sabines, Romulus
1482:, during which the Senate possessed the authority to convene itself.
1276:. Also, the laws that kept citizens safe from magistrates' misuse of
501:
495:
88:
7908:
7390:
7195:
7138:
6516:
6501:
6496:
6397:
5431:
5426:
4991:
4976:
4966:
4951:
4866:
4856:
4826:
4816:
4811:
4801:
4703:
4618:
4498:
4483:
4413:
4393:
4383:
4378:
4358:
4157:
3738:
3702:
3592:
3519:
3351:
2384:
2353:, which stripped from the consuls the power to conduct the census.
2293:
2234:
2124:
2032:
1989:
1931:
1895:
1882:
1854:
1743:
1419:
1242:
1170:
1130:
697:
1730:
was Rome's founder and first king. After he and his twin brother
1600:; integrated the noble Alban families into the Roman aristocracy.
1311:
The king also received the right to be the only person to appoint
7170:
7131:
6762:
5463:
5188:
5011:
5006:
4996:
4961:
4956:
4946:
4891:
4876:
4693:
4688:
4673:
4643:
4598:
4578:
4558:
4513:
4245:
4100:
3879:
3687:
3682:
3572:
2377:
2346:
2086:
2050:
1770:
1739:
1735:
1727:
1707:
1618:
1561:
1463:
1352:
1291:
1284:
1196:
134:
6720:
2681:
2679:
2011:
Hill on the western bank, and built the first bridge across the
1738:
of Alba and reinstated the king's brother and their grandfather
7678:
6156:
5021:
4901:
4831:
4771:
4766:
4733:
4493:
4478:
4428:
4408:
3830:
3707:
3602:
2367:
The king's religious powers were given to two new offices: the
2203:
2195:
2136:
1919:
1328:
1225:
1211:
1207:
1161:, modern scholarship has generally discounted this schema. The
1899:. Under popular pressure, the Senate finally chose the Sabine
1513:
7656:
7180:
7153:
5436:
5219:
4806:
4528:
4255:
3547:
2676:
2521:"Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 1, chapter 8"
2199:
1915:
1907:
1795:
1471:
1394:) were appointed by him as well as a two-man criminal court (
1332:
1162:
1111:
1028:
1024:
378:
1098:
The site of the founding of the Roman Kingdom (and eventual
8425:
States and territories disestablished in the 6th century BC
7148:
5944:
5421:
5016:
4583:
4523:
4105:
3481:
3074:
The Rise of Rome: The Making of the World's Greatest Empire
3059:
2918:
2879:
2840:
2819:
2777:
2664:
2643:
2604:
2579:
2495:
2474:
1532:
1399:
1219:
1126:
78:
3577:
2260:
Tarquin was viewed so negatively that the word for king,
1343:
and its chief executive. Having the power to control the
8420:
States and territories established in the 8th century BC
1082:
decorative plaques, 6th century BC (Roman Kingdom and
3207:
The Rise of Rome: from the Iron Age to the Punic Wars
7111:
2299:
5703:
Austrian occupation and Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia
2434:
1793:(Etruscans). He also divided the populace into 30
1765:, father, head), and their descendants became the
2206:. He also secured Rome's position as head of the
8351:
2742:
1971:, which survived for 562 years after his death.
1934:. He also established the office and duties of
1398:), which oversaw cases of treason. According to
8297:
3024:Cicero: Politics and Persuasion in Ancient Rome
2257:Tarquinius and his family from Rome in 509 BC.
1414:Whenever a king died, Rome entered a period of
1210:(attendants or servants) wielding the symbolic
1298:Another officer appointed by the king was the
1206:The insignia of the kings of Rome were twelve
7097:
6826:
6736:
5204:
3247:
2815:
2813:
2229:Tensions came to a head when the king's son,
2174:
1940:. Numa reigned for 43 years. He reformed the
1280:did not exist during the monarchical period.
977:
8365:1st-millennium BC disestablishments in Italy
7500:Patria del Friuli (Patriarchate of Aquileia)
3182:. Berkeley: University of California Press.
2049:was the fifth king of Rome and the first of
2041:
1861:, but the very likeness of the city itself.
1845:with the Fidenates and Veientes and others.
1818:Growth of the city region during the kingdom
1169:in 390 BC (according to Varro; according to
1264:in Rome at the time, he possessed ultimate
1256:at the beginning of each king's reign. The
40:
7104:
7090:
6833:
6819:
6743:
6729:
5211:
5197:
3254:
3240:
2810:
2147:. He also oversaw the construction of the
2094:, being the first Roman to celebrate one.
1696:; deposed and Roman Republic established.
1387:during a meeting of the Curiate Assembly.
984:
970:
63:
16:Period of Roman history (c. 753–c. 509 BC)
1543:
1449:Citizens' assemblies of the Roman Kingdom
3177:
3090:
2309:
2178:
2118:Priscus was succeeded by his son-in-law
2101:
1982:
1875:
1813:
1706:
1492:Structural history of the Roman military
1409:
1268:and unchecked military authority as the
1073:
8415:Lists of office-holders in ancient Rome
7455:Princely County of Gorizia and Gradisca
3261:
3150:
3071:
3020:
2395:
2187:The seventh and final king of Rome was
8385:8th-century BC establishments in Italy
8352:
6840:
2914:
2912:
2910:
2908:
2906:
2432:
1246:, formally granted to the king by the
1214:bearing axes, the right to sit upon a
1035:and the establishment of the Republic
7085:
6814:
6724:
5192:
3235:
3204:
2114:are shown in green, with Latin names.
5749:Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy
2515:
2513:
2356:The Romans instituted the idea of a
2107:
1019:753 BC, with settlements around the
2903:
2441:. New York: HarperCollins. p.
2074:. He also founded the Roman games.
1947:
1358:
1050:are thought largely to be based on
13:
5218:
3110:
2097:
1987:Ancus Marcius depicted on a 57 BC
1235:
1129:(64 or 59 BC – AD 12 or 17),
14:
8436:
8264:United Provinces of Central Italy
6750:
2510:
2326:is traditionally identified as a
2300:Public offices after the monarchy
2212:Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
1889:After Romulus died, there was an
1871:
1694:Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
1187:Constitution of the Roman Kingdom
8380:6th-century BC disestablishments
7113:List of historic states of Italy
6705:
6704:
6693:
2437:Asimov's Chronology of the World
2128:. He also reorganized the army.
1978:
1857:. He became not only one of the
1675:around the city; instituted the
1496:
1191:Magistrates of the Roman Kingdom
1110:where one could cross the river
953:
418:
355:
330:
316:
302:
8246:Provisional Government of Milan
6434:Orders, decorations, and medals
3095:. London: Thames & Hudson.
3093:Chronicle of the Roman Republic
3041:
3021:Tempest, Kathryn (2011-01-20).
3014:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2978:
2969:
2960:
2951:
2942:
2933:
2894:
2873:
2864:
2855:
2834:
2801:
2792:
2771:
2736:
2727:
2718:
2705:
2692:
2658:
2637:
2628:
2619:
2598:
2573:
2564:
2284:, marking the beginning of the
1803:formed the voting units in the
1331:on behalf of Rome as its chief
1322:
7445:City of Fiume and its District
2555:
2546:
2537:
2489:
2468:
2459:
2426:
2401:
2251:Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus
2015:. He also founded the port of
1373:
522:Praetorian prefecture of Italy
1:
7880:County of Apulia and Calabria
7386:Campagna e Marittima Province
3027:. A&C Black. p. 10.
2135:. He instituted Rome's first
1154:
1150:
1138:
1036:
1016:
1008:, was the earliest period of
632:Byzantine reconquest of Italy
3826:Frontiers and fortifications
3141:Resources in other libraries
2278:Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus
2243:Lucius Tarquinius Collatinus
2007:Ancus further fortified the
1825:The Rape of the Sabine Women
1789:(after the Sabine king) and
1006:regal period of ancient Rome
693:Mid-16th c. to early 19th c.
69:The ancient quarters of Rome
7:
8400:Former monarchies of Europe
8282:Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
8276:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
8228:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
7406:Duchy of Parma and Piacenza
6474:Water supply and sanitation
5898:Italian geographical region
5766:Monarchy and the World Wars
5708:Kingdom of the Two Sicilies
5594:War of the Sicilian Vespers
5247:Timeline of Italian history
3885:Decorations and punishments
2409:"Palatinus (Palatine Hill)"
2375:. The Rex Sacrorum was the
1835:Battle of the Lacus Curtius
1557:
1485:
1445:Senate of the Roman Kingdom
1176:
10:
8441:
8222:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
8216:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
7617:Prince-Bishopric of Trento
7587:Duchy of Modena and Reggio
7572:Duchy of Massa and Carrara
6799:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
6393:Inventions and discoveries
5803:Fall of the Fascist regime
5786:Fourth War of Independence
5744:Expedition of the Thousand
5734:Second War of Independence
4792:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
3367:historiography of the fall
3076:. New York: Random House.
3053:
2303:
2253:incited a revolution that
2247:Publius Valerius Poplicola
2189:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
2183:Map of Italy around 500 BC
2175:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
2169:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1702:
1553:Other notable information
1489:
1442:
1404:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1362:
1201:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1180:
1135:Dionysius of Halicarnassus
1067:
1061:
1000:, also referred to as the
25:
18:
8334:Free Territory of Trieste
8194:
8124:
8063:
8046:
7970:
7907:
7870:
7852:Principality of Benevento
7844:
7821:
7766:
7755:
7697:
7667:
7419:
7369:
7323:
7254:
7241:
7204:
7119:
7049:
7001:
6946:
6908:
6848:
6787:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
6758:
6689:
6487:
6333:
6324:
6188:
6179:
6167:Security and intelligence
6040:
6031:
5893:
5884:
5827:
5754:Third War of Independence
5729:First War of Independence
5716:
5609:
5518:
5399:
5336:
5255:
5239:
5230:
5173:External wars and battles
5040:
4934:
4747:
4339:
4332:
4254:
4166:
4071:
3946:
3898:
3776:
3726:
3665:
3656:
3538:
3490:
3410:
3327:
3297:
3288:
3270:
3136:Resources in your library
3091:Matyszak, Philip (2003).
3072:Everitt, Anthony (2012).
3047:Matyszak 2003, pp. 43–45.
2984:Matyszak 2003, pp. 38–39.
2870:Matyszak 2003, pp. 26–28.
2743:Le Glay, Marcel. (2009).
2733:Matyszak 2003, pp. 20–21.
2625:Matyszak 2003, pp. 19–20.
2413:www.penelope.uchicago.edu
2081:. The most famous is the
2047:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
2042:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
1880:Numa depicted on a 48 BC
1438:
1224:, red shoes, and a white
1057:
536:Romano-Barbarian Kingdoms
371:
281:
277:
264:
251:
247:
237:
216:
212:
200:
188:
176:
164:
152:
140:
128:
124:
114:
104:
94:
84:
74:
62:
57:
35:
8240:Italian United Provinces
7592:Principality of Piombino
7381:Patrimony of Saint Peter
5845:Istrian–Dalmatian exodus
5840:Institutional referendum
2798:Everitt 2012, pp. 25–26.
2724:Everitt 2012, pp. 24–25.
2634:Everitt 2012, pp. 21–22.
2552:Everitt 2012, pp. 22–23.
1914:at Rome, as well as the
1859:three major gods of Rome
1753:Romulus established the
1722:, ostensibly by the god
1250:with the passing of the
627:Italy in the Middle Ages
485:Roman expansion in Italy
8390:Ancient Italian history
8328:Italian Social Republic
8003:Principality of Taranto
7895:Principality of Taranto
7857:Principality of Salerno
7612:Bishopric of Tarantasia
7435:Bishopric of Bressanone
7352:Duchy of the Pentapolis
6368:Emigration and diaspora
5577:Guelphs and Ghibellines
5562:the Sardinian Judicates
5168:Roman–Iranian relations
3643:Optimates and populares
3205:Lomas, Kathryn (2018).
3178:Forsythe, Gary (2005).
1596:Defeated and destroyed
1308:while inside the city.
1092:Diocletian Baths Museum
835:European migrant crisis
785:Italian Social Republic
700:Italy (1801–1814)
657:Guelphs and Ghibellines
21:List of kings of Athens
8234:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
8008:Terra Sancti Benedicti
7912:(from the 9th century)
7622:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
7059:Conflict of the Orders
6250:Science and technology
6198:Italian regions by GDP
5999:Marine protected areas
5671:Grand Duchy of Tuscany
5178:Civil wars and revolts
4444:Sextus Pompeius Festus
4091:Conflict of the Orders
3450:Legislative assemblies
3153:The Beginnings of Rome
2433:Asimov, Isaac (1991).
2334:
2184:
2115:
2085:, a giant stadium for
1993:
1886:
1819:
1712:
1638:, and constructed the
1396:duumviri perduellionis
1253:Lex curiata de imperio
1159:Barthold Georg Niebuhr
1095:
1033:overthrow of the kings
518:(286 AD–476 AD)
448:(12th–6th c. BC)
442:(18th–3rd c. BC)
207:L. Tarquinius Superbus
41:
8252:Republic of San Marco
8034:Crown Colony of Malta
7862:Principality of Capua
7602:Marquisate of Saluzzo
7465:County of Santa Fiora
7127:Etruscan civilization
6449:Public administration
5557:the Holy Roman Empire
4887:Simplicius of Cilicia
4639:Quintus Curtius Rufus
3868:Siege in Ancient Rome
3477:Executive magistrates
3155:. London: Routledge.
3151:Cornell, Tim (1995).
3011:Matyszak 2003, p. 42.
3002:Matyszak 2003, p. 41.
2993:Matyszak 2003, p. 40.
2975:Matyszak 2003, p. 36.
2948:Matyszak 2003, p. 31.
2939:Matyszak 2003, p. 30.
2924:ab urbe condita libri
2900:Matyszak 2003, p. 29.
2861:Matyszak 2003, p. 25.
2807:Matyszak 2003, p. 22.
2561:Matyszak 2003, p. 17.
2525:www.perseus.tufts.edu
2465:Matyszak 2003, p. 12.
2313:
2182:
2105:
1986:
1975:lasted for 32 years.
1879:
1817:
1710:
1410:Election of the kings
1181:Further information:
1145:(116 BC – 27 BC) and
1077:
1031:, and ended with the
778:Italy in World War II
481:(509 BC–27 BC)
475:(753 BC–509 BC)
454:(8th–3rd c. BC)
446:Etruscan civilization
338:Etruscan civilization
183:L. Tarquinius Priscus
85:Common languages
8048:French Revolutionary
7988:State of the Presidi
7712:Republic of Florence
7684:Domini di Terraferma
7334:Exarchate of Ravenna
7232:Western Roman Empire
7176:Nuragic civilization
6677:World Heritage Sites
6132:Council of Ministers
5870:Coronavirus pandemic
5268:Currency and coinage
4897:Stephanus Byzantinus
4802:Eusebius of Caesaria
4664:Sidonius Apollinaris
4354:Ammianus Marcellinus
3693:Tribune of the plebs
2396:Notes and references
2332:Lucius Junius Brutus
2280:became Rome's first
2274:Lucius Junius Brutus
2255:deposed and expelled
2239:Lucius Junius Brutus
1744:abandoned as infants
1613:Established port of
1392:quaestores parricidi
1195:The kings following
872:Currency and coinage
811:(1970s–1980s)
766:Italy in World War I
677:(14th–16th c.)
512:(27 BC–286 AD)
440:Nuragic civilization
8322:Free State of Fiume
8270:Kingdom of Sardinia
8013:Neapolitan Republic
7961:Kingdom of Sardinia
7956:Republic of Sassari
7784:Catepanate of Italy
7707:Republic of Cospaia
7530:Duchy of Montferrat
7525:March of Montferrat
7460:County of Guastalla
7360:Exarchate of Africa
6976:reforms of Augustus
6801:(535–510 BC/509 BC)
6208:Automotive industry
6147:Metropolitan cities
5693:Early Modern period
5666:Kingdom of Sardinia
5617:Italian city-states
5073:Distinguished women
4724:Velleius Paterculus
4564:Nicolaus Damascenus
4544:Marcellus Empiricus
3933:Republican currency
2966:Everitt 2012, p. 28
2957:Everitt 2012, p. 30
2749:. Wiley-Blackwell.
2214:, and works on the
2141:Centuriate Assembly
2112:seven hills of Rome
2031:, thus forming the
1688:Tarquinius Superbus
1167:Battle of the Allia
675:Italian Renaissance
652:Italian city-states
268:Monarchy overthrown
28:Kingdom of Soissons
8152:Lucca and Piombino
8029:Malta Protectorate
7993:Duke of San Donato
7747:Republic of Ancona
7669:Republic of Venice
7582:Duchy of Mirandola
7470:Duchy of Guastalla
7308:Duchy of Tridentum
7288:Duchy of Benevento
7255:Barbarian kingdoms
6842:Roman Constitution
6270:Telecommunications
5637:Maritime republics
4847:Phlegon of Tralles
4654:Seneca the Younger
4128:Naming conventions
3858:Personal equipment
3391:Later Roman Empire
2543:Everitt 2012, p. .
2335:
2324:Capitoline Museums
2185:
2116:
1994:
1887:
1820:
1805:popular assemblies
1713:
1630:Tarquinius Priscus
1270:commander-in-chief
1096:
648:Maritime republics
634:(6th–8th c.)
588:Carolingian Empire
202:• 534–509 BC
190:• 578–534 BC
178:• 616–578 BC
166:• 640–616 BC
154:• 672–640 BC
142:• 715–672 BC
130:• 753–716 BC
8410:Lists of monarchs
8347:
8346:
8343:
8342:
8190:
8189:
8157:Massa and Carrara
8042:
8041:
8019:Hospitaller Malta
7978:Kingdom of Naples
7972:Kingdom of Sicily
7903:
7902:
7813:Duchy of Sorrento
7732:Republic of Genoa
7727:Republic of Siena
7722:Republic of Massa
7717:Republic of Lucca
7450:County of Gorizia
7440:Corsican Republic
7421:Holy Roman Empire
7079:
7078:
7026:(post Diocletian)
7016:(post Diocletian)
6971:reforms of Caesar
6808:
6807:
6718:
6717:
6685:
6684:
6320:
6319:
6255:Southern question
6175:
6174:
6107:Political parties
6055:Foreign relations
6027:
6026:
5880:
5879:
5601:Kingdom of Naples
5589:Kingdom of Sicily
5186:
5185:
5148:Pontifices maximi
4930:
4929:
4787:Diogenes Laërtius
4609:Pliny the Younger
4364:Asconius Pedianus
4324:Romance languages
4196:Civil engineering
3938:Imperial currency
3811:Political control
3772:
3771:
3406:
3405:
3216:978-0-674-65965-0
3189:978-0-520-94029-1
3117:Library resources
3034:978-1-4411-5482-8
2756:978-1-4051-8327-7
2746:A history of Rome
2316:Capitoline Brutus
2231:Sextus Tarquinius
2035:class of Romans.
1851:esteemed nobleman
1700:
1699:
1568:Romulus and Remus
1508:
1341:national religion
994:
993:
841:COVID-19 pandemic
837:(2014–2016)
831:(2007–2009)
825:(1992–2001)
817:(1986–1992)
795:(1943–1945)
793:Italian Civil War
780:(1940–1945)
774:(1922–1943)
768:(1914–1918)
762:(1882–1960)
756:(1861–1946)
728:(1815–1871)
689:(1545–1648)
683:(1494–1559)
644:in southern Italy
612:
611:
603:Holy Roman Empire
435:Prehistoric Italy
392:
391:
367:
366:
363:
362:
343:
342:
109:Elective monarchy
8432:
8395:Former countries
8308:Kingdom of Italy
8295:
8294:
8061:
8060:
7890:County of Sicily
7885:County of Aversa
7808:Byzantine Sicily
7794:Theme of Lucania
7764:
7763:
7742:Republic of Pisa
7737:Republic of Noli
7607:Duchy of Spoleto
7577:Duchy of Merania
7475:Kingdom of Italy
7401:Duchy of Ferrara
7346:Duchy of Perugia
7325:Byzantine Empire
7303:Duchy of Spoleto
7270:Ostrogothic rule
7252:
7251:
7120:Pre-Roman period
7106:
7099:
7092:
7083:
7082:
6966:reforms of Sulla
6835:
6828:
6821:
6812:
6811:
6775:Tullus Hostilius
6745:
6738:
6731:
6722:
6721:
6708:
6707:
6700:Italy portal
6697:
6696:
6637:National symbols
6331:
6330:
6186:
6185:
6038:
6037:
5891:
5890:
5771:Kingdom of Italy
5698:Napoleonic Italy
5237:
5236:
5213:
5206:
5199:
5190:
5189:
5138:Magistri equitum
5053:Cities and towns
5046:
4972:Constantinopolis
4782:Diodorus Siculus
4714:Valerius Maximus
4649:Seneca the Elder
4569:Nonius Marcellus
4337:
4336:
3890:Hippika gymnasia
3853:Infantry tactics
3759:Consular tribune
3749:Magister equitum
3698:Military tribune
3663:
3662:
3623:Pontifex maximus
3618:Princeps senatus
3608:Magister militum
3374:Byzantine Empire
3295:
3294:
3256:
3249:
3242:
3233:
3232:
3228:
3201:
3174:
3106:
3087:
3048:
3045:
3039:
3038:
3018:
3012:
3009:
3003:
3000:
2994:
2991:
2985:
2982:
2976:
2973:
2967:
2964:
2958:
2955:
2949:
2946:
2940:
2937:
2931:
2916:
2901:
2898:
2892:
2877:
2871:
2868:
2862:
2859:
2853:
2838:
2832:
2817:
2808:
2805:
2799:
2796:
2790:
2775:
2769:
2768:
2740:
2734:
2731:
2725:
2722:
2716:
2709:
2703:
2696:
2690:
2683:
2674:
2662:
2656:
2641:
2635:
2632:
2626:
2623:
2617:
2602:
2596:
2577:
2571:
2568:
2562:
2559:
2553:
2550:
2544:
2541:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2531:
2517:
2508:
2493:
2487:
2472:
2466:
2463:
2457:
2456:
2440:
2430:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2405:
2373:Pontifex Maximus
2241:, and including
2167:and her husband
2062:were populated.
1961:Fidenae and Veii
1953:Tullus Hostilius
1948:Tullus Hostilius
1937:pontifex maximus
1726:, the legendary
1659:Established the
1592:Tullus Hostilius
1544:
1503:
1466:), and Luceres (
1456:Council of State
1359:Chief Legislator
1286:tribunus celerum
1248:Curiate Assembly
1156:
1152:
1140:
1086:), found in the
1064:Founding of Rome
1038:
1023:along the river
1018:
986:
979:
972:
960:Italy portal
958:
957:
956:
687:Catholic revival
540:
539:
422:
412:
394:
393:
359:
358:
347:
346:
334:
333:
320:
319:
306:
305:
299:
298:
283:
282:
255:Founding of Rome
229:Roman Assemblies
159:Tullus Hostilius
67:
52:
44:
33:
32:
8440:
8439:
8435:
8434:
8433:
8431:
8430:
8429:
8350:
8349:
8348:
8339:
8293:
8196:
8195:Post-Napoleonic
8186:
8120:
8056:
8050:
8038:
7980:
7976:
7975:(1130–1816) and
7974:
7966:
7911:
7899:
7866:
7840:
7831:Emirate of Bari
7817:
7804:Theme of Sicily
7799:Duchy of Naples
7774:Duchy of Amalfi
7759:
7751:
7699:
7698:Other Republics
7693:
7671:
7663:
7657:County of Tenda
7637:County of Savoy
7597:Duchy of Reggio
7567:Duchy of Mantua
7495:March of Friuli
7427:
7425:
7423:
7415:
7411:Duchy of Urbino
7396:Duchy of Castro
7373:
7365:
7319:
7313:Duchy of Tuscia
7293:Duchy of Friuli
7256:
7247:
7245:
7243:
7237:
7216:(753 BC–509 BC)
7200:
7115:
7110:
7080:
7075:
7045:
6997:
6942:
6904:
6844:
6839:
6809:
6804:
6793:Servius Tullius
6754:
6749:
6719:
6714:
6694:
6681:
6652:Public holidays
6483:
6429:Life expectancy
6316:
6171:
6087:Law enforcement
6023:
5876:
5823:
5812:Social Republic
5776:Colonial Empire
5759:Capture of Rome
5712:
5605:
5514:
5407:Ancient peoples
5395:
5332:
5293:Historic states
5251:
5226:
5217:
5187:
5182:
5044:
5042:
5036:
4926:
4762:Aëtius of Amida
4743:
4729:Verrius Flaccus
4709:Valerius Antias
4669:Silius Italicus
4604:Pliny the Elder
4549:Marcus Aurelius
4424:Cornelius Nepos
4374:Aurelius Victor
4328:
4250:
4162:
4096:Secessio plebis
4067:
3942:
3894:
3768:
3722:
3652:
3534:
3486:
3402:
3323:
3284:
3266:
3260:
3217:
3190:
3163:
3147:
3146:
3145:
3125:
3124:
3120:
3113:
3111:Further reading
3103:
3084:
3065:Ab Urbe Condita
3056:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3035:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3001:
2997:
2992:
2988:
2983:
2979:
2974:
2970:
2965:
2961:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2943:
2938:
2934:
2917:
2904:
2899:
2895:
2885:Ab urbe condita
2878:
2874:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2856:
2846:Ab urbe condita
2839:
2835:
2825:Ab urbe condita
2818:
2811:
2806:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2783:Ab urbe condita
2776:
2772:
2757:
2741:
2737:
2732:
2728:
2723:
2719:
2713:Life of Romulus
2710:
2706:
2697:
2693:
2687:Life of Romulus
2684:
2677:
2670:Ab urbe condita
2663:
2659:
2649:Ab urbe condita
2642:
2638:
2633:
2629:
2624:
2620:
2610:Ab urbe condita
2603:
2599:
2585:Ab urbe condita
2578:
2574:
2569:
2565:
2560:
2556:
2551:
2547:
2542:
2538:
2529:
2527:
2519:
2518:
2511:
2501:Ab urbe condita
2494:
2490:
2480:Ab urbe condita
2473:
2469:
2464:
2460:
2453:
2431:
2427:
2417:
2415:
2407:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2308:
2302:
2177:
2149:Temple of Diana
2145:Tribal Assembly
2133:citizen classes
2120:Servius Tullius
2108:Servius Tullius
2100:
2098:Servius Tullius
2044:
2002:Capitoline Hill
1981:
1950:
1874:
1809:Comitia Curiata
1705:
1669:Temple of Diana
1655:Servius Tullius
1617:; defeated the
1523:
1521:
1499:
1494:
1488:
1451:
1443:Main articles:
1441:
1412:
1376:
1367:
1361:
1351:instituted the
1325:
1301:praefectus urbi
1266:executive power
1238:
1236:Chief Executive
1193:
1179:
1084:Etruscan period
1072:
1066:
1060:
1014:city's founding
990:
954:
952:
950:
941:
940:
939:
937:
897:Historic states
861:
853:
852:
829:Great Recession
760:Colonial Empire
749:
741:
740:
739:
720:
670:
662:
661:
622:
614:
613:
537:
529:
528:
468:
458:
457:
430:
410:
403:
388:
356:
331:
317:
303:
270:
257:
233:
203:
195:Servius Tullius
191:
179:
167:
155:
143:
131:
70:
53:
46:
38:
31:
24:
17:
12:
11:
5:
8438:
8428:
8427:
8422:
8417:
8412:
8407:
8405:Latial culture
8402:
8397:
8392:
8387:
8382:
8377:
8372:
8367:
8362:
8345:
8344:
8341:
8340:
8338:
8337:
8331:
8325:
8319:
8318:
8317:
8314:Italian Empire
8304:
8302:
8292:
8291:
8285:
8279:
8273:
8267:
8261:
8258:Roman Republic
8255:
8249:
8243:
8237:
8231:
8225:
8219:
8213:
8210:Duchy of Lucca
8207:
8204:Duchy of Genoa
8200:
8198:
8192:
8191:
8188:
8187:
8185:
8184:
8179:
8174:
8169:
8164:
8159:
8154:
8149:
8144:
8139:
8134:
8128:
8126:
8122:
8121:
8119:
8118:
8113:
8108:
8103:
8098:
8093:
8088:
8083:
8078:
8073:
8067:
8065:
8058:
8044:
8043:
8040:
8039:
8037:
8036:
8031:
8026:
8021:
8016:
8010:
8005:
8000:
7995:
7990:
7984:
7982:
7968:
7967:
7965:
7964:
7958:
7953:
7948:
7947:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7926:
7915:
7913:
7905:
7904:
7901:
7900:
7898:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7876:
7874:
7868:
7867:
7865:
7864:
7859:
7854:
7848:
7846:
7842:
7841:
7839:
7838:
7833:
7827:
7825:
7819:
7818:
7816:
7815:
7810:
7801:
7796:
7791:
7786:
7781:
7779:Duchy of Gaeta
7776:
7770:
7768:
7761:
7757:Southern Italy
7753:
7752:
7750:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7703:
7701:
7700:(c. 1000–1797)
7695:
7694:
7692:
7691:
7686:
7681:
7675:
7673:
7665:
7664:
7662:
7661:
7660:
7659:
7654:
7652:County of Nice
7649:
7647:Duchy of Aosta
7644:
7639:
7634:
7627:Savoyard state
7624:
7619:
7614:
7609:
7604:
7599:
7594:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7574:
7569:
7564:
7562:Duchy of Milan
7559:
7557:Duchy of Ivrea
7554:
7553:
7552:
7547:
7542:
7537:
7532:
7527:
7522:
7517:
7512:
7507:
7502:
7497:
7492:
7487:
7482:
7472:
7467:
7462:
7457:
7452:
7447:
7442:
7437:
7431:
7429:
7417:
7416:
7414:
7413:
7408:
7403:
7398:
7393:
7388:
7383:
7377:
7375:
7367:
7366:
7364:
7363:
7357:
7356:
7355:
7349:
7343:
7330:
7328:
7321:
7320:
7318:
7317:
7316:
7315:
7310:
7305:
7300:
7298:Duchy of Ivrea
7295:
7290:
7279:
7273:
7267:
7264:Odoacer's rule
7260:
7258:
7249:
7239:
7238:
7236:
7235:
7229:
7228:(27 BC–395 AD)
7223:
7222:(509 BC–27 BC)
7220:Roman Republic
7217:
7210:
7208:
7202:
7201:
7199:
7198:
7193:
7188:
7183:
7178:
7173:
7168:
7163:
7162:
7161:
7159:Cisalpine Gaul
7151:
7146:
7141:
7136:
7135:
7134:
7123:
7121:
7117:
7116:
7109:
7108:
7101:
7094:
7086:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7073:
7072:
7071:
7061:
7055:
7053:
7047:
7046:
7044:
7043:
7038:
7033:
7028:
7023:
7018:
7013:
7007:
7005:
6999:
6998:
6996:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6979:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6958:
6952:
6950:
6948:Roman Republic
6944:
6943:
6941:
6940:
6935:
6930:
6925:
6920:
6914:
6912:
6906:
6905:
6903:
6902:
6897:
6896:
6895:
6890:
6885:
6880:
6870:
6865:
6860:
6854:
6852:
6846:
6845:
6838:
6837:
6830:
6823:
6815:
6806:
6805:
6803:
6802:
6796:
6790:
6784:
6778:
6772:
6769:Numa Pompilius
6766:
6759:
6756:
6755:
6748:
6747:
6740:
6733:
6725:
6716:
6715:
6713:
6712:
6702:
6690:
6687:
6686:
6683:
6682:
6680:
6679:
6674:
6669:
6664:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6634:
6629:
6624:
6619:
6614:
6609:
6604:
6599:
6594:
6589:
6584:
6579:
6574:
6569:
6564:
6559:
6554:
6549:
6544:
6539:
6534:
6529:
6524:
6519:
6514:
6509:
6504:
6499:
6493:
6491:
6485:
6484:
6482:
6481:
6476:
6471:
6466:
6461:
6456:
6451:
6446:
6441:
6436:
6431:
6426:
6425:
6424:
6423:
6422:
6407:
6406:
6405:
6395:
6390:
6385:
6380:
6375:
6370:
6365:
6360:
6355:
6350:
6345:
6340:
6334:
6328:
6322:
6321:
6318:
6317:
6315:
6314:
6309:
6304:
6303:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6282:
6277:
6272:
6267:
6262:
6260:Stock exchange
6257:
6252:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6232:
6227:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6189:
6183:
6177:
6176:
6173:
6172:
6170:
6169:
6164:
6162:Municipalities
6159:
6154:
6149:
6144:
6139:
6134:
6129:
6122:Prime Minister
6119:
6109:
6104:
6099:
6094:
6089:
6084:
6079:
6074:
6073:
6072:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6041:
6035:
6029:
6028:
6025:
6024:
6022:
6021:
6016:
6011:
6009:Regional parks
6006:
6004:National parks
6001:
5996:
5991:
5986:
5981:
5976:
5971:
5966:
5965:
5964:
5954:
5953:
5952:
5947:
5942:
5932:
5927:
5922:
5917:
5916:
5915:
5913:Climate change
5905:
5900:
5894:
5888:
5882:
5881:
5878:
5877:
5875:
5874:
5873:
5872:
5867:
5862:
5857:
5852:
5847:
5842:
5831:
5829:
5825:
5824:
5822:
5821:
5820:
5819:
5814:
5805:
5800:
5795:
5790:
5789:
5788:
5778:
5773:
5763:
5762:
5761:
5756:
5751:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5720:
5718:
5714:
5713:
5711:
5710:
5705:
5700:
5695:
5690:
5689:
5688:
5678:
5676:Duchy of Savoy
5673:
5668:
5663:
5662:
5661:
5660:
5659:
5654:
5649:
5644:
5634:
5629:
5624:
5613:
5611:
5607:
5606:
5604:
5603:
5598:
5597:
5596:
5586:
5584:Lombard League
5581:
5580:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5559:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5522:
5520:
5516:
5515:
5513:
5512:
5511:
5510:
5509:
5508:
5506:Western Empire
5498:
5493:
5491:Roman conquest
5488:
5483:
5473:
5472:
5471:
5466:
5461:
5456:
5451:
5446:
5445:
5444:
5439:
5434:
5429:
5424:
5419:
5412:Italic peoples
5403:
5401:
5397:
5396:
5394:
5393:
5392:
5391:
5386:
5381:
5376:
5371:
5366:
5361:
5356:
5351:
5340:
5338:
5334:
5333:
5331:
5330:
5325:
5320:
5315:
5310:
5305:
5300:
5295:
5290:
5285:
5280:
5275:
5270:
5265:
5259:
5257:
5253:
5252:
5250:
5249:
5243:
5241:
5234:
5228:
5227:
5216:
5215:
5208:
5201:
5193:
5184:
5183:
5181:
5180:
5175:
5170:
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5125:
5120:
5115:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5095:
5090:
5085:
5080:
5075:
5070:
5065:
5060:
5055:
5049:
5047:
5038:
5037:
5035:
5034:
5029:
5024:
5019:
5014:
5009:
5004:
4999:
4994:
4989:
4984:
4979:
4974:
4969:
4964:
4959:
4954:
4949:
4944:
4938:
4936:
4932:
4931:
4928:
4927:
4925:
4924:
4919:
4914:
4909:
4904:
4899:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4879:
4874:
4869:
4864:
4859:
4854:
4849:
4844:
4839:
4834:
4829:
4824:
4819:
4814:
4809:
4804:
4799:
4794:
4789:
4784:
4779:
4774:
4769:
4764:
4759:
4753:
4751:
4745:
4744:
4742:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4676:
4671:
4666:
4661:
4656:
4651:
4646:
4641:
4636:
4631:
4626:
4621:
4616:
4614:Pomponius Mela
4611:
4606:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4571:
4566:
4561:
4556:
4551:
4546:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4521:
4516:
4511:
4506:
4501:
4496:
4491:
4486:
4481:
4476:
4471:
4466:
4461:
4456:
4451:
4446:
4441:
4436:
4431:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4396:
4391:
4386:
4381:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4349:Aelius Donatus
4345:
4343:
4334:
4330:
4329:
4327:
4326:
4321:
4320:
4319:
4317:Ecclesiastical
4314:
4309:
4304:
4299:
4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4271:
4266:
4260:
4258:
4252:
4251:
4249:
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4203:
4198:
4193:
4188:
4183:
4178:
4172:
4170:
4164:
4163:
4161:
4160:
4155:
4150:
4145:
4140:
4135:
4130:
4125:
4120:
4119:
4118:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4088:
4083:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4068:
4066:
4065:
4060:
4058:Toys and games
4055:
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4029:
4028:
4018:
4013:
4008:
4003:
3998:
3993:
3988:
3983:
3978:
3973:
3968:
3963:
3958:
3952:
3950:
3944:
3943:
3941:
3940:
3935:
3930:
3925:
3920:
3915:
3910:
3904:
3902:
3896:
3895:
3893:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3871:
3870:
3865:
3860:
3855:
3850:
3840:
3835:
3834:
3833:
3823:
3818:
3813:
3808:
3803:
3798:
3793:
3788:
3782:
3780:
3774:
3773:
3770:
3769:
3767:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3730:
3728:
3724:
3723:
3721:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3669:
3667:
3660:
3654:
3653:
3651:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3598:Vigintisexviri
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3558:Cursus honorum
3555:
3550:
3544:
3542:
3536:
3535:
3533:
3532:
3527:
3522:
3517:
3512:
3507:
3502:
3496:
3494:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3473:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3457:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3416:
3414:
3408:
3407:
3404:
3403:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3398:
3388:
3387:
3386:
3381:
3371:
3370:
3369:
3364:
3357:Western Empire
3354:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3333:
3331:
3325:
3324:
3322:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3304:
3298:
3292:
3286:
3285:
3283:
3282:
3277:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3259:
3258:
3251:
3244:
3236:
3230:
3229:
3215:
3202:
3188:
3175:
3161:
3144:
3143:
3138:
3133:
3127:
3126:
3115:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3108:
3107:
3101:
3088:
3082:
3069:
3055:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3040:
3033:
3013:
3004:
2995:
2986:
2977:
2968:
2959:
2950:
2941:
2932:
2902:
2893:
2872:
2863:
2854:
2833:
2809:
2800:
2791:
2770:
2755:
2735:
2726:
2717:
2704:
2691:
2675:
2657:
2636:
2627:
2618:
2597:
2572:
2563:
2554:
2545:
2536:
2509:
2488:
2467:
2458:
2451:
2425:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2390:vestal virgins
2306:Roman Republic
2304:Main article:
2301:
2298:
2286:Roman Republic
2220:Circus Maximus
2176:
2173:
2099:
2096:
2083:Circus Maximus
2079:Pons Sublicius
2043:
2040:
2021:Tyrrhenian Sea
1980:
1977:
1969:Curia Hostilia
1949:
1946:
1942:Roman calendar
1912:Vestal Virgins
1901:Numa Pompilius
1873:
1872:Numa Pompilius
1870:
1830:mass abduction
1704:
1701:
1698:
1697:
1690:
1685:
1681:
1680:
1661:Servian Tribes
1657:
1652:
1648:
1647:
1644:Circus Maximus
1632:
1627:
1623:
1622:
1611:
1606:
1602:
1601:
1594:
1589:
1585:
1584:
1581:
1579:Numa Pompilius
1576:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1554:
1551:
1548:
1542:
1541:
1540:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1498:
1495:
1490:Main article:
1487:
1484:
1440:
1437:
1411:
1408:
1375:
1372:
1363:Main article:
1360:
1357:
1349:Numa Pompilius
1345:Roman calendar
1324:
1321:
1272:of all of the
1237:
1234:
1178:
1175:
1133:(46–120), and
1070:Latial culture
1062:Main article:
1059:
1056:
1052:oral tradition
1002:Roman monarchy
992:
991:
989:
988:
981:
974:
966:
963:
962:
943:
942:
935:
934:
929:
924:
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
879:
874:
869:
863:
862:
859:
858:
855:
854:
851:
850:
849:
848:
838:
832:
826:
818:
806:
796:
781:
775:
769:
763:
757:
750:
747:
746:
743:
742:
738:
737:
731:
730:
729:
719:
718:
717:
716:
711:
703:
702:
701:
695:
690:
684:
678:
671:
668:
667:
664:
663:
660:
659:
654:
645:
635:
629:
623:
620:
619:
616:
615:
610:
609:
608:962–1801
606:
595:
594:
591:
580:
579:
576:
570:
569:
566:
560:
559:
556:
550:
549:
546:
538:
535:
534:
531:
530:
527:
526:
525:
524:
516:Western Empire
513:
507:
506:
505:
492:
487:
476:
469:
464:
463:
460:
459:
456:
455:
449:
443:
437:
431:
428:
427:
424:
423:
415:
414:
405:
404:
397:
390:
389:
387:
386:
381:
375:
373:
369:
368:
365:
364:
361:
360:
353:
351:Roman Republic
344:
341:
340:
335:
327:
326:
321:
313:
312:
310:Latial culture
307:
295:
294:
289:
279:
278:
275:
274:
271:
265:
262:
261:
258:
252:
249:
248:
245:
244:
239:
238:Historical era
235:
234:
232:
231:
226:
220:
218:
214:
213:
210:
209:
204:
201:
198:
197:
192:
189:
186:
185:
180:
177:
174:
173:
168:
165:
162:
161:
156:
153:
150:
149:
147:Numa Pompilius
144:
141:
138:
137:
132:
129:
126:
125:
122:
121:
118:
112:
111:
106:
102:
101:
99:Roman religion
96:
92:
91:
86:
82:
81:
76:
72:
71:
68:
60:
59:
55:
54:
39:
36:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8437:
8426:
8423:
8421:
8418:
8416:
8413:
8411:
8408:
8406:
8403:
8401:
8398:
8396:
8393:
8391:
8388:
8386:
8383:
8381:
8378:
8376:
8373:
8371:
8368:
8366:
8363:
8361:
8360:Roman Kingdom
8358:
8357:
8355:
8335:
8332:
8329:
8326:
8323:
8320:
8315:
8312:
8311:
8309:
8306:
8305:
8303:
8301:
8296:
8289:
8286:
8283:
8280:
8277:
8274:
8271:
8268:
8265:
8262:
8259:
8256:
8253:
8250:
8247:
8244:
8241:
8238:
8235:
8232:
8229:
8226:
8223:
8220:
8217:
8214:
8211:
8208:
8205:
8202:
8201:
8199:
8193:
8183:
8180:
8178:
8175:
8173:
8170:
8168:
8165:
8163:
8160:
8158:
8155:
8153:
8150:
8148:
8145:
8143:
8140:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8129:
8127:
8123:
8117:
8114:
8112:
8109:
8107:
8104:
8102:
8099:
8097:
8094:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8084:
8082:
8079:
8077:
8074:
8072:
8069:
8068:
8066:
8062:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8045:
8035:
8032:
8030:
8027:
8025:
8022:
8020:
8017:
8014:
8011:
8009:
8006:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7998:Duchy of Sora
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7985:
7983:
7979:
7973:
7969:
7962:
7959:
7957:
7954:
7952:
7949:
7945:
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7925:
7922:
7921:
7920:
7917:
7916:
7914:
7910:
7906:
7896:
7893:
7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
7881:
7878:
7877:
7875:
7873:
7869:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7853:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7843:
7837:
7836:Muslim Sicily
7834:
7832:
7829:
7828:
7826:
7824:
7820:
7814:
7811:
7809:
7805:
7802:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7792:
7790:
7787:
7785:
7782:
7780:
7777:
7775:
7772:
7771:
7769:
7765:
7762:
7758:
7754:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7733:
7730:
7728:
7725:
7723:
7720:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7704:
7702:
7696:
7690:
7687:
7685:
7682:
7680:
7677:
7676:
7674:
7670:
7666:
7658:
7655:
7653:
7650:
7648:
7645:
7643:
7640:
7638:
7635:
7633:
7630:
7629:
7628:
7625:
7623:
7620:
7618:
7615:
7613:
7610:
7608:
7605:
7603:
7600:
7598:
7595:
7593:
7590:
7588:
7585:
7583:
7580:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7551:
7548:
7546:
7543:
7541:
7538:
7536:
7533:
7531:
7528:
7526:
7523:
7521:
7518:
7516:
7513:
7511:
7508:
7506:
7503:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7481:
7478:
7477:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7466:
7463:
7461:
7458:
7456:
7453:
7451:
7448:
7446:
7443:
7441:
7438:
7436:
7433:
7432:
7430:
7422:
7418:
7412:
7409:
7407:
7404:
7402:
7399:
7397:
7394:
7392:
7389:
7387:
7384:
7382:
7379:
7378:
7376:
7372:
7368:
7361:
7358:
7353:
7350:
7347:
7344:
7341:
7340:Duchy of Rome
7338:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7331:
7329:
7326:
7322:
7314:
7311:
7309:
7306:
7304:
7301:
7299:
7296:
7294:
7291:
7289:
7286:
7285:
7283:
7280:
7277:
7274:
7271:
7268:
7265:
7262:
7261:
7259:
7253:
7250:
7240:
7233:
7230:
7227:
7224:
7221:
7218:
7215:
7214:Roman Kingdom
7212:
7211:
7209:
7207:
7203:
7197:
7194:
7192:
7189:
7187:
7186:Magna Graecia
7184:
7182:
7179:
7177:
7174:
7172:
7169:
7167:
7164:
7160:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7152:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7133:
7130:
7129:
7128:
7125:
7124:
7122:
7118:
7114:
7107:
7102:
7100:
7095:
7093:
7088:
7087:
7084:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7056:
7054:
7052:
7051:Miscellaneous
7048:
7042:
7039:
7037:
7034:
7032:
7029:
7027:
7024:
7022:
7019:
7017:
7014:
7012:
7009:
7008:
7006:
7004:
7000:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6977:
6974:
6972:
6969:
6967:
6964:
6963:
6962:
6959:
6957:
6954:
6953:
6951:
6949:
6945:
6939:
6936:
6934:
6931:
6929:
6926:
6924:
6921:
6919:
6916:
6915:
6913:
6911:
6910:Roman Kingdom
6907:
6901:
6898:
6894:
6891:
6889:
6886:
6884:
6881:
6879:
6876:
6875:
6874:
6871:
6869:
6866:
6864:
6861:
6859:
6856:
6855:
6853:
6851:
6847:
6843:
6836:
6831:
6829:
6824:
6822:
6817:
6816:
6813:
6800:
6797:
6794:
6791:
6788:
6785:
6782:
6781:Ancus Marcius
6779:
6776:
6773:
6770:
6767:
6764:
6761:
6760:
6757:
6753:
6752:Kings of Rome
6746:
6741:
6739:
6734:
6732:
6727:
6726:
6723:
6711:
6703:
6701:
6692:
6691:
6688:
6678:
6675:
6673:
6670:
6668:
6665:
6663:
6660:
6658:
6655:
6653:
6650:
6648:
6645:
6643:
6640:
6638:
6635:
6633:
6630:
6628:
6625:
6623:
6620:
6618:
6615:
6613:
6610:
6608:
6605:
6603:
6600:
6598:
6595:
6593:
6590:
6588:
6585:
6583:
6580:
6578:
6575:
6573:
6570:
6568:
6565:
6563:
6560:
6558:
6555:
6553:
6550:
6548:
6545:
6543:
6540:
6538:
6535:
6533:
6530:
6528:
6525:
6523:
6520:
6518:
6515:
6513:
6510:
6508:
6505:
6503:
6500:
6498:
6495:
6494:
6492:
6490:
6486:
6480:
6477:
6475:
6472:
6470:
6467:
6465:
6462:
6460:
6457:
6455:
6452:
6450:
6447:
6445:
6442:
6440:
6437:
6435:
6432:
6430:
6427:
6421:
6418:
6417:
6416:
6413:
6412:
6411:
6408:
6404:
6401:
6400:
6399:
6396:
6394:
6391:
6389:
6386:
6384:
6381:
6379:
6376:
6374:
6371:
6369:
6366:
6364:
6361:
6359:
6356:
6354:
6351:
6349:
6346:
6344:
6341:
6339:
6336:
6335:
6332:
6329:
6327:
6323:
6313:
6310:
6308:
6305:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6287:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6278:
6276:
6273:
6271:
6268:
6266:
6263:
6261:
6258:
6256:
6253:
6251:
6248:
6246:
6243:
6241:
6238:
6236:
6233:
6231:
6228:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6215:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6191:
6190:
6187:
6184:
6182:
6178:
6168:
6165:
6163:
6160:
6158:
6155:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6127:
6123:
6120:
6117:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6093:
6090:
6088:
6085:
6083:
6080:
6078:
6075:
6071:
6068:
6067:
6066:
6063:
6061:
6058:
6056:
6053:
6051:
6048:
6046:
6043:
6042:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6030:
6020:
6017:
6015:
6012:
6010:
6007:
6005:
6002:
6000:
5997:
5995:
5992:
5990:
5987:
5985:
5982:
5980:
5977:
5975:
5972:
5970:
5967:
5963:
5960:
5959:
5958:
5955:
5951:
5948:
5946:
5943:
5941:
5938:
5937:
5936:
5933:
5931:
5928:
5926:
5923:
5921:
5918:
5914:
5911:
5910:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5899:
5896:
5895:
5892:
5889:
5887:
5883:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5855:Years of Lead
5853:
5851:
5850:Economic Boom
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5837:
5836:
5833:
5832:
5830:
5826:
5818:
5815:
5813:
5809:
5806:
5804:
5801:
5799:
5796:
5794:
5793:Fascist Italy
5791:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5782:
5779:
5777:
5774:
5772:
5769:
5768:
5767:
5764:
5760:
5757:
5755:
5752:
5750:
5747:
5745:
5742:
5740:
5739:Niçard exodus
5737:
5735:
5732:
5730:
5727:
5726:
5725:
5722:
5721:
5719:
5715:
5709:
5706:
5704:
5701:
5699:
5696:
5694:
5691:
5687:
5684:
5683:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5672:
5669:
5667:
5664:
5658:
5655:
5653:
5650:
5648:
5645:
5643:
5640:
5639:
5638:
5635:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5625:
5623:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5608:
5602:
5599:
5595:
5592:
5591:
5590:
5587:
5585:
5582:
5578:
5575:
5573:
5570:
5568:
5565:
5563:
5560:
5558:
5555:
5553:
5550:
5548:
5545:
5543:
5540:
5538:
5535:
5533:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5524:
5523:
5521:
5517:
5507:
5504:
5503:
5502:
5499:
5497:
5494:
5492:
5489:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5477:
5474:
5470:
5467:
5465:
5462:
5460:
5459:Magna Graecia
5457:
5455:
5452:
5450:
5447:
5443:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5433:
5430:
5428:
5425:
5423:
5420:
5418:
5415:
5414:
5413:
5410:
5409:
5408:
5405:
5404:
5402:
5398:
5390:
5387:
5385:
5382:
5380:
5377:
5375:
5372:
5370:
5367:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5355:
5352:
5350:
5347:
5346:
5345:
5342:
5341:
5339:
5335:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5260:
5258:
5254:
5248:
5245:
5244:
5242:
5238:
5235:
5233:
5229:
5225:
5221:
5214:
5209:
5207:
5202:
5200:
5195:
5194:
5191:
5179:
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5124:
5121:
5119:
5116:
5114:
5111:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5094:
5091:
5089:
5086:
5084:
5081:
5079:
5076:
5074:
5071:
5069:
5066:
5064:
5061:
5059:
5056:
5054:
5051:
5050:
5048:
5039:
5033:
5030:
5028:
5025:
5023:
5020:
5018:
5015:
5013:
5010:
5008:
5005:
5003:
5000:
4998:
4995:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4975:
4973:
4970:
4968:
4965:
4963:
4960:
4958:
4955:
4953:
4950:
4948:
4945:
4943:
4940:
4939:
4937:
4933:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4913:
4910:
4908:
4905:
4903:
4900:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4880:
4878:
4875:
4873:
4870:
4868:
4865:
4863:
4860:
4858:
4855:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4803:
4800:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4778:
4775:
4773:
4770:
4768:
4765:
4763:
4760:
4758:
4755:
4754:
4752:
4750:
4746:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4692:
4690:
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4675:
4672:
4670:
4667:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4650:
4647:
4645:
4642:
4640:
4637:
4635:
4632:
4630:
4627:
4625:
4622:
4620:
4617:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
4575:
4572:
4570:
4567:
4565:
4562:
4560:
4557:
4555:
4552:
4550:
4547:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4520:
4517:
4515:
4512:
4510:
4507:
4505:
4504:Julius Paulus
4502:
4500:
4497:
4495:
4492:
4490:
4487:
4485:
4482:
4480:
4477:
4475:
4472:
4470:
4467:
4465:
4462:
4460:
4457:
4455:
4452:
4450:
4447:
4445:
4442:
4440:
4439:Fabius Pictor
4437:
4435:
4432:
4430:
4427:
4425:
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4395:
4392:
4390:
4387:
4385:
4382:
4380:
4377:
4375:
4372:
4370:
4367:
4365:
4362:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4338:
4335:
4331:
4325:
4322:
4318:
4315:
4313:
4310:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4298:
4295:
4293:
4290:
4288:
4285:
4283:
4280:
4278:
4275:
4274:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4261:
4259:
4257:
4253:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4176:Amphitheatres
4174:
4173:
4171:
4169:
4165:
4159:
4156:
4154:
4151:
4149:
4146:
4144:
4141:
4139:
4136:
4134:
4131:
4129:
4126:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4114:
4113:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4092:
4089:
4087:
4084:
4082:
4079:
4078:
4076:
4074:
4070:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4027:
4024:
4023:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4012:
4009:
4007:
4004:
4002:
3999:
3997:
3994:
3992:
3989:
3987:
3984:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3962:
3959:
3957:
3954:
3953:
3951:
3949:
3945:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3913:Deforestation
3911:
3909:
3906:
3905:
3903:
3901:
3897:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3881:
3878:
3876:
3873:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3863:Siege engines
3861:
3859:
3856:
3854:
3851:
3849:
3846:
3845:
3844:
3841:
3839:
3836:
3832:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3824:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3814:
3812:
3809:
3807:
3804:
3802:
3799:
3797:
3796:Establishment
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3783:
3781:
3779:
3775:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3731:
3729:
3727:Extraordinary
3725:
3719:
3716:
3714:
3713:Promagistrate
3711:
3709:
3706:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3694:
3691:
3689:
3686:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3655:
3649:
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
3614:
3611:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3579:
3576:
3574:
3571:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3559:
3556:
3554:
3551:
3549:
3546:
3545:
3543:
3541:
3537:
3531:
3528:
3526:
3523:
3521:
3518:
3516:
3513:
3511:
3508:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:Twelve Tables
3498:
3497:
3495:
3493:
3489:
3483:
3480:
3478:
3475:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3452:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3417:
3415:
3413:
3409:
3397:
3394:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3385:
3382:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3375:
3372:
3368:
3365:
3363:
3360:
3359:
3358:
3355:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3334:
3332:
3330:
3326:
3320:
3317:
3313:
3310:
3309:
3308:
3305:
3303:
3300:
3299:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3287:
3281:
3278:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3269:
3264:
3257:
3252:
3250:
3245:
3243:
3238:
3237:
3234:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3199:
3195:
3191:
3185:
3181:
3176:
3172:
3168:
3164:
3162:0-415-01596-0
3158:
3154:
3149:
3148:
3142:
3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3128:
3123:
3122:Roman Kingdom
3118:
3104:
3102:9780500287637
3098:
3094:
3089:
3085:
3083:9780679645160
3079:
3075:
3070:
3067:
3066:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3044:
3036:
3030:
3026:
3025:
3017:
3008:
2999:
2990:
2981:
2972:
2963:
2954:
2945:
2936:
2930:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2913:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2897:
2891:
2887:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2867:
2858:
2852:
2848:
2847:
2842:
2837:
2831:
2827:
2826:
2821:
2816:
2814:
2804:
2795:
2789:
2785:
2784:
2779:
2774:
2766:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2748:
2747:
2739:
2730:
2721:
2715:Book I ch. 28
2714:
2708:
2702:Book I ch. 16
2701:
2695:
2688:
2682:
2680:
2672:
2671:
2666:
2661:
2655:
2651:
2650:
2645:
2640:
2631:
2622:
2616:
2612:
2611:
2606:
2601:
2595:
2591:
2587:
2586:
2581:
2576:
2567:
2558:
2549:
2540:
2526:
2522:
2516:
2514:
2507:
2503:
2502:
2497:
2492:
2486:
2482:
2481:
2476:
2471:
2462:
2454:
2452:0-06-270036-7
2448:
2444:
2439:
2438:
2429:
2414:
2410:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2391:
2387:
2386:
2380:
2379:
2374:
2370:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2321:
2318:, an ancient
2317:
2312:
2307:
2297:
2295:
2291:
2290:Julius Caesar
2287:
2283:
2279:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2264:
2258:
2256:
2252:
2248:
2244:
2240:
2236:
2232:
2227:
2225:
2221:
2217:
2216:Cloaca Maxima
2213:
2209:
2205:
2201:
2197:
2192:
2190:
2181:
2172:
2170:
2166:
2162:
2156:
2154:
2153:Aventine Hill
2150:
2146:
2142:
2138:
2134:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2113:
2109:
2104:
2095:
2093:
2092:Roman triumph
2088:
2084:
2080:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2068:Cloaca Maxima
2063:
2061:
2060:Caelian hills
2057:
2052:
2048:
2039:
2036:
2034:
2030:
2029:Aventine Hill
2026:
2022:
2018:
2014:
2010:
2005:
2003:
1999:
1998:Ancus Marcius
1992:
1991:
1985:
1979:Ancus Marcius
1976:
1972:
1970:
1966:
1962:
1958:
1954:
1945:
1943:
1939:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1921:
1917:
1913:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1885:
1884:
1878:
1869:
1867:
1866:Romulus's hut
1864:A replica of
1862:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1816:
1812:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1792:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1776:
1774:
1768:
1764:
1760:
1756:
1751:
1749:
1748:Palatine Hill
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1725:
1721:
1718:
1717:Vestal Virgin
1709:
1695:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1640:Cloaca Maxima
1637:
1633:
1631:
1628:
1625:
1624:
1620:
1616:
1612:
1610:
1609:Ancus Marcius
1607:
1604:
1603:
1599:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1577:
1574:
1573:
1569:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1545:
1536:
1534:
1531:Dates follow
1529:
1528:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1509:
1507:
1501:
1500:
1497:Kings of Rome
1493:
1483:
1481:
1475:
1473:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1446:
1436:
1434:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1381:
1371:
1366:
1356:
1354:
1350:
1346:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1330:
1320:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1293:
1288:
1287:
1281:
1279:
1275:
1274:Roman legions
1271:
1267:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1244:
1233:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1222:
1218:, the purple
1217:
1213:
1209:
1204:
1202:
1198:
1192:
1188:
1184:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1164:
1160:
1148:
1147:Fabius Pictor
1144:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1123:
1121:
1120:Palatine Hill
1117:
1113:
1109:
1106:) included a
1105:
1101:
1093:
1090:, now in the
1089:
1085:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1065:
1055:
1053:
1049:
1045:
1040:
1034:
1030:
1026:
1022:
1021:Palatine Hill
1015:
1011:
1010:Roman history
1007:
1003:
999:
998:Roman Kingdom
987:
982:
980:
975:
973:
968:
967:
965:
964:
961:
951:
949:
945:
944:
938:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
873:
870:
868:
865:
864:
857:
856:
846:
842:
839:
836:
833:
830:
827:
824:
823:
819:
816:
813:
812:
810:
809:Years of Lead
807:
804:
800:
797:
794:
790:
786:
782:
779:
776:
773:
770:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
751:
745:
744:
736:
733:
732:
727:
726:
722:
721:
715:
712:
710:
707:
706:
705:
704:
699:
696:
694:
691:
688:
685:
682:
679:
676:
673:
672:
666:
665:
658:
655:
653:
649:
646:
643:
639:
636:
633:
630:
628:
625:
624:
618:
617:
607:
604:
600:
597:
596:
593:774–962
592:
589:
585:
582:
581:
578:568–774
577:
575:
572:
571:
568:435–534
567:
565:
562:
561:
558:493–553
557:
555:
552:
551:
548:476–493
547:
545:
542:
541:
533:
532:
523:
520:
519:
517:
514:
511:
508:
504:
503:
498:
497:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
482:
480:
477:
474:
471:
470:
467:
462:
461:
453:
452:Magna Graecia
450:
447:
444:
441:
438:
436:
433:
432:
426:
425:
421:
417:
416:
413:
407:
406:
401:
396:
395:
385:
382:
380:
377:
376:
374:
372:Today part of
370:
354:
352:
349:
348:
345:
339:
336:
329:
328:
325:
322:
315:
314:
311:
308:
301:
300:
297:
296:
293:
290:
288:
285:
284:
280:
276:
272:
269:
263:
259:
256:
250:
246:
243:
240:
236:
230:
227:
225:
222:
221:
219:
215:
211:
208:
205:
199:
196:
193:
187:
184:
181:
175:
172:
171:Ancus Marcius
169:
163:
160:
157:
151:
148:
145:
139:
136:
133:
127:
123:
119:
117:
113:
110:
107:
103:
100:
97:
93:
90:
87:
83:
80:
77:
73:
66:
61:
58:753 BC–509 BC
56:
50:
43:
37:Roman Kingdom
34:
29:
22:
8310:(1861–1946)
8288:Papal States
8116:Transpadania
7689:Stato da Màr
7371:Papal States
7282:Lombard rule
7246:Early Modern
7234:(395–476 AD)
7226:Roman Empire
7213:
7206:Ancient Rome
7021:Constitution
7003:Roman Empire
6961:Constitution
6923:Constitution
6909:
6863:Constitution
6850:Ancient Rome
6795:(578–535 BC)
6789:(616–579 BC)
6783:(642–617 BC)
6777:(673–642 BC)
6771:(717–673 BC)
6765:(753–717 BC)
6537:Architecture
6507:Quattrocento
6464:Social class
6444:Prostitution
6358:Demographics
6280:Trade unions
6223:Central Bank
6065:Human rights
6045:Constitution
5828:Contemporary
5798:World War II
5686:Italian Wars
5610:Early modern
5552:Papal States
5530:Italy under
5480:
5476:Ancient Rome
5118:Institutions
4982:Leptis Magna
4935:Major cities
4842:Philostratus
4629:Quadrigarius
4449:Rufus Festus
4312:Contemporary
4033:Romanization
3956:Architecture
3563:Collegiality
3412:Constitution
3306:
3263:Ancient Rome
3206:
3179:
3152:
3131:Online books
3121:
3092:
3073:
3063:
3043:
3023:
3016:
3007:
2998:
2989:
2980:
2971:
2962:
2953:
2944:
2935:
2922:
2896:
2883:
2875:
2866:
2857:
2844:
2836:
2823:
2803:
2794:
2781:
2773:
2745:
2738:
2729:
2720:
2712:
2707:
2699:
2694:
2686:
2668:
2660:
2647:
2639:
2630:
2621:
2608:
2600:
2583:
2575:
2566:
2557:
2548:
2539:
2528:. Retrieved
2524:
2499:
2491:
2478:
2470:
2461:
2436:
2428:
2416:. Retrieved
2412:
2403:
2383:
2376:
2369:Rex Sacrorum
2366:
2361:
2358:dictatorship
2355:
2336:
2272:
2268:Roman Empire
2261:
2259:
2228:
2224:Roman Senate
2193:
2186:
2157:
2130:
2123:
2117:
2076:
2064:
2045:
2037:
2017:Ostia Antica
2006:
1995:
1988:
1973:
1951:
1935:
1905:
1894:
1888:
1881:
1863:
1847:
1839:Titus Tatius
1823:
1821:
1808:
1800:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1762:
1758:
1752:
1736:King Amulius
1734:had deposed
1714:
1667:; built the
1530:
1502:
1476:
1452:
1432:
1427:
1424:
1413:
1395:
1391:
1389:
1379:
1377:
1368:
1365:Leges regiae
1336:
1326:
1323:Chief Priest
1310:
1305:
1299:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1282:
1277:
1261:
1257:
1251:
1241:
1239:
1229:
1220:
1205:
1194:
1183:King of Rome
1124:
1097:
1041:
1005:
1001:
997:
995:
946:
936:
844:
843:(2020–
820:
802:
801:(1946–
725:Risorgimento
723:
681:Italian Wars
669:Early modern
500:
494:
472:
466:Ancient Rome
384:Vatican City
292:Succeeded by
291:
286:
8336:(1947–1954)
8330:(1943–1945)
8324:(1920–1924)
8316:(1882–1960)
8300:unification
8290:(1814–1870)
8284:(1815–1866)
8278:(1816–1861)
8272:(1814–1860)
8266:(1859–1860)
8260:(1849–1850)
8254:(1848–1849)
8236:(1815–1859)
8230:(1814–1859)
8224:(1814–1859)
8218:(1814–1829)
8212:(1815–1847)
8206:(1815–1848)
8096:Parthenopea
8057:(1792–1815)
8015:(1647–1648)
7981:(1282–1816)
7963:(1324–1861)
7924:Agugliastra
7789:Longobardia
7426:independent
7276:Vandal rule
7041:Magistrates
6993:Magistrates
6938:Magistrates
6900:Magistrates
6602:Italophilia
6562:Coat of arm
6512:Cinquecento
6388:Immigration
6338:Aristocracy
6203:Agriculture
6097:Nationality
6070:LGBT rights
5984:Earthquakes
5865:Mani pulite
5781:World War I
5724:Unification
5717:Late modern
5681:Renaissance
5526:Middle Ages
5519:Middle Ages
5496:Roman Italy
5263:Citizenship
5113:Geographers
4797:Dioscorides
4777:Cassius Dio
4399:Cassiodorus
4302:Renaissance
3908:Agriculture
3880:Auxiliaries
3821:Engineering
3658:Magistrates
3510:Citizenship
3505:Mos maiorum
3440:Late Empire
2343:magistrates
2072:Roman Forum
2013:Tiber River
1891:interregnum
1720:Rhea Silvia
1715:Son of the
1636:Roman Forum
1480:interregnum
1462:), Tities (
1416:interregnum
1378:The king's
1374:Chief Judge
1216:curule seat
1114:in central
1088:Roman Forum
1027:in central
867:Citizenship
822:Mani pulite
735:Young Italy
554:Ostrogothic
490:Roman Italy
409:History of
287:Preceded by
217:Legislature
8354:Categories
8167:Pontecorvo
8125:Monarchies
8111:Subalpinia
8076:Cispadania
8071:Cisalpinia
8053:Napoleonic
7760:(774–1139)
7672:(697–1797)
7374:(754–1870)
7336:(584–751)
7284:(568–774)
7069:Obligation
7036:Assemblies
6988:Assemblies
6933:Assemblies
6883:Centuriate
6873:Assemblies
6672:Traditions
6662:Television
6647:Philosophy
6612:Literature
6552:Cathedrals
6522:Settecento
6383:Healthcare
6348:Corruption
6343:Censorship
6102:Parliament
6060:Government
5860:Maxi Trial
5808:Resistance
5537:Ostrogoths
5469:Messapians
5354:Villanovan
5344:Prehistory
5337:Prehistory
5002:Mediolanum
4942:Alexandria
4907:Themistius
4872:Porphyrius
4699:Tertullian
4634:Quintilian
4624:Propertius
4519:Lactantius
4469:Fulgentius
4404:Censorinus
4226:Sanitation
4211:Metallurgy
4168:Technology
4133:Demography
4081:Patricians
4048:Spectacles
4006:Literature
4001:Hairstyles
3838:Technology
3588:Praefectus
3540:Government
3530:Litigation
3515:Auctoritas
3460:Centuriate
3347:Principate
3342:Pax Romana
3302:Foundation
3225:1015274849
2530:2015-12-09
2320:Roman bust
1957:Alba Longa
1918:, and the
1896:interreges
1785:(Romans),
1771:horsemen (
1767:patricians
1684:534–509 BC
1677:Compitalia
1651:578–534 BC
1626:616–578 BC
1605:640–616 BC
1598:Alba Longa
1588:672–640 BC
1575:715–672 BC
1558:753–716 BC
1313:patricians
1230:toga picta
1221:toga picta
1080:terracotta
1078:Shards of
1068:See also:
815:Maxi Trial
698:Napoleonic
324:Alba Longa
105:Government
8142:Guastalla
8132:Benevento
8064:Republics
7919:Judicates
7767:Byzantine
7424:and other
7362:(585–698)
7354:(554–752)
7348:(554–752)
7342:(533–751)
7327:(584–751)
7278:(435–534)
7272:(493–553)
7266:(476–493)
7257:(476–774)
7191:Iapygians
7064:Roman law
6632:Mythology
6607:Libraries
6527:Ottocento
6469:Terrorism
6410:Languages
6363:Education
6285:Transport
6235:Companies
6142:Provinces
6112:President
6077:Judiciary
6050:Elections
5962:Volcanoes
5957:Volcanism
5950:Apennines
5935:Mountains
5903:Peninsula
5886:Geography
5817:Civil War
5542:Byzantium
5449:Etruscans
5384:Canegrate
5379:Golasecca
5364:Rinaldone
5359:Terramare
5349:Neolithic
5158:Quaestors
5088:Empresses
5078:Dynasties
5068:Dictators
5043:and other
5032:Volubilis
5027:Vindobona
4987:Londinium
4912:Theodoret
4882:Procopius
4862:Polyaenus
4837:Pausanias
4739:Vitruvius
4684:Symmachus
4679:Suetonius
4589:Petronius
4574:Obsequens
4539:Macrobius
4534:Lucretius
4459:Frontinus
4434:Eutropius
4419:Columella
4369:Augustine
4359:Appuleius
4307:Neo-Latin
4282:Classical
4273:Versions
4181:Aqueducts
4123:Patronage
4043:Sexuality
4016:Mythology
3991:Education
3981:Cosmetics
3806:Campaigns
3801:Structure
3754:Decemviri
3613:Imperator
3312:overthrow
2765:760889060
2711:Plutarch
2685:Plutarch
2322:from the
2161:plebeians
2009:Janiculum
1843:waged war
1779:centuries
1777:, called
1665:centuries
1468:Etruscans
1385:patrician
789:Partisans
544:Odoacer's
502:Optimates
496:Populares
95:Religion
89:Old Latin
8101:Piedmont
7951:Oristano
7944:Logudoro
7934:Cagliari
7909:Sardinia
7642:Piedmont
7391:Holy See
7242:Medieval
7196:Picentes
7139:Samnites
6893:Plebeian
6710:Category
6597:Internet
6587:Folklore
6517:Seicento
6502:Trecento
6497:Duecento
6459:Religion
6420:Regional
6398:Italians
6373:Gambling
6265:Taxation
6092:Military
6033:Politics
5835:Republic
5622:Florence
5547:Lombards
5486:Republic
5432:Samnites
5427:Picentes
5369:Apennine
5328:Railways
5308:Military
5256:By topic
5240:Overview
5224:articles
5163:Tribunes
5153:Praetors
5103:Generals
5083:Emperors
4992:Lugdunum
4977:Eboracum
4967:Carthage
4952:Aquileia
4867:Polybius
4857:Plutarch
4827:Libanius
4817:Josephus
4812:Herodian
4704:Tibullus
4619:Priscian
4594:Phaedrus
4554:Manilius
4499:Jordanes
4484:Hydatius
4414:Claudian
4394:Catullus
4384:Boëthius
4379:Ausonius
4297:Medieval
4269:Alphabet
4241:Theatres
4216:Numerals
4201:Concrete
4191:Circuses
4158:Bagaudae
4148:Adoption
4143:Marriage
4116:Assembly
4021:Religion
3996:Folklore
3976:Clothing
3971:Calendar
3928:Currency
3918:Commerce
3816:Strategy
3778:Military
3764:Triumvir
3744:Dictator
3739:Interrex
3718:Governor
3703:Quaestor
3666:Ordinary
3648:Province
3638:Tetrarch
3628:Augustus
3593:Vicarius
3583:Officium
3520:Imperium
3470:Plebeian
3430:Republic
3352:Dominate
3319:Republic
3280:Timeline
3198:70728478
3171:31515793
2418:17 April
2385:de facto
2371:and the
2362:imperium
2328:portrait
2294:Augustus
2235:Lucretia
2233:, raped
2218:and the
2202:and the
2125:pomerium
2090:and the
2056:Aventine
2051:Etruscan
2033:plebeian
2025:aqueduct
1990:denarius
1963:and the
1932:Quirinus
1920:flamines
1883:denarius
1855:Quirinus
1673:new wall
1663:and the
1642:and the
1566:Myth of
1486:Military
1433:imperium
1428:imperium
1420:interrex
1380:imperium
1353:pontiffs
1337:pontifex
1306:imperium
1278:imperium
1262:imperium
1258:imperium
1243:imperium
1177:Monarchy
1171:Polybius
1131:Plutarch
1100:Republic
1046:and the
1044:Republic
1039:509 BC.
948:Timeline
912:Military
860:By topic
799:Republic
783:Fascist
754:Monarchy
709:Republic
621:Medieval
599:Germanic
584:Frankish
479:Republic
400:a series
398:Part of
242:Iron Age
8375:750s BC
8182:Corsica
8172:Tuscany
8137:Etruria
8086:Liguria
7939:Gallura
7929:Arborea
7845:Lombard
7545:Tuscany
7535:Trieste
7171:Ligures
7132:Etruria
7011:History
6956:History
6918:History
6878:Curiate
6858:History
6763:Romulus
6667:Theatre
6642:Palaces
6622:Museums
6592:Gardens
6577:Fashion
6567:Cuisine
6547:Castles
6489:Culture
6439:Poverty
6415:Italian
6326:Society
6307:Welfare
6275:Tourism
6245:Exports
6213:Banking
6193:Economy
6181:Economy
6137:Regions
6019:Valleys
5989:Islands
5969:Beaches
5940:Prealps
5920:Geology
5908:Climate
5572:Normans
5532:Odoacer
5481:Kingdom
5464:Ligures
5400:Ancient
5374:Nuragic
5323:Postage
5298:Judaism
5288:Genetic
5278:Fashion
5273:Economy
5232:History
5133:Legions
5093:Fiction
5063:Consuls
5058:Climate
5012:Ravenna
5007:Pompeii
4997:Lutetia
4962:Bononia
4957:Berytus
4947:Antioch
4922:Zosimus
4917:Zonaras
4892:Sozomen
4877:Priscus
4852:Photius
4694:Terence
4689:Tacitus
4674:Statius
4659:Servius
4644:Sallust
4599:Plautus
4579:Orosius
4559:Martial
4514:Juvenal
4489:Hyginus
4474:Gellius
4333:Writers
4264:History
4246:Thermae
4236:Temples
4186:Bridges
4153:Slavery
4101:Equites
4073:Society
4053:Theatre
4026:Deities
3986:Cuisine
3966:Bathing
3948:Culture
3923:Finance
3900:Economy
3791:Borders
3786:History
3688:Tribune
3683:Praetor
3573:Legatus
3568:Emperor
3455:Curiate
3425:Kingdom
3420:History
3396:History
3379:decline
3337:History
3307:Kingdom
3290:History
3275:Outline
3054:Sources
2788:1:17–18
2700:Ab Urbe
2654:1:14–15
2378:de jure
2347:praetor
2282:consuls
2151:on the
2087:chariot
2019:on the
1965:Sabines
1924:Jupiter
1791:Luceres
1773:equites
1740:Numitor
1728:Romulus
1703:Romulus
1619:Sabines
1562:Romulus
1464:Sabines
1315:to the
1292:celeres
1208:lictors
1197:Romulus
1004:or the
932:Railway
927:Postage
902:Judaism
892:Genetic
882:Fashion
877:Economy
845:present
803:present
772:Fascism
714:Kingdom
642:Normans
574:Lombard
473:Kingdom
266:•
253:•
135:Romulus
75:Capital
8370:509 BC
8248:(1848)
8242:(1831)
8197:states
8162:Naples
7872:Norman
7679:Dogado
7550:Verona
7515:Mantua
7510:Istria
7490:Finale
7480:Ancona
7428:states
7248:states
7166:Veneti
7144:Latins
7031:Senate
6983:Senate
6928:Senate
6888:Tribal
6868:Senate
6698:
6572:Design
6557:Cinema
6532:Anthem
6454:Racism
6403:People
6378:Health
6240:Energy
6230:Brands
6157:Comune
6152:Cities
6014:Rivers
5974:Canals
5657:Amalfi
5642:Venice
5501:Empire
5442:Veneti
5417:Latins
5389:Latial
5222:
5143:Nomina
5128:Legacy
5108:Gentes
5045:topics
5041:Lists
5022:Smyrna
4902:Strabo
4832:Lucian
4822:Julian
4772:Arrian
4767:Appian
4757:Aelian
4734:Vergil
4509:Justin
4494:Jerome
4479:Horace
4464:Fronto
4454:Florus
4429:Ennius
4409:Cicero
4389:Caesar
4287:Vulgar
4111:Tribes
4038:Romans
3848:Legion
3831:castra
3708:Aedile
3678:Censor
3673:Consul
3633:Caesar
3603:Lictor
3525:Status
3465:Tribal
3445:Senate
3435:Empire
3329:Empire
3265:topics
3223:
3213:
3196:
3186:
3169:
3159:
3119:about
3099:
3080:
3031:
2763:
2753:
2673:, 1.21
2615:1:9–13
2449:
2351:censor
2339:consul
2249:, and
2204:Rutuli
2196:Volsci
2165:Tullia
2137:census
2110:. The
1801:curiae
1796:curiae
1787:Tities
1783:Ramnes
1761:(from
1759:patres
1755:Senate
1671:and a
1504:Years
1472:curiae
1460:Latins
1439:Senate
1329:augury
1317:Senate
1226:diadem
1212:fasces
1189:, and
1153:270 –
1118:. The
1104:Empire
1094:, Rome
1058:Origin
1048:Empire
748:Modern
564:Vandal
510:Empire
402:on the
273:509 BC
260:753 BC
224:Senate
120:
45:
8298:Post-
8147:Italy
8091:Lucca
8081:Italy
7632:Savoy
7540:Turin
7520:Milan
7505:Ivrea
7181:Umbri
7154:Celts
6657:Sport
6627:Music
6617:Media
6479:Women
6353:Crime
6218:Banks
5994:Lakes
5979:Caves
5930:Flora
5925:Fauna
5647:Genoa
5632:Milan
5627:Siena
5567:Arabs
5454:Celts
5437:Umbri
5313:Music
5283:Flags
5220:Italy
4807:Galen
4749:Greek
4719:Varro
4529:Lucan
4341:Latin
4256:Latin
4231:Ships
4221:Roads
4206:Domes
4138:Women
4086:Plebs
4011:Music
3553:Forum
3548:Curia
2698:Livy
2208:Latin
2200:Gabii
1916:Salii
1908:Janus
1763:pater
1732:Remus
1615:Ostia
1333:augur
1163:Gauls
1143:Varro
1116:Italy
1112:Tiber
1029:Italy
1025:Tiber
917:Music
887:Flags
638:Islam
429:Early
411:Italy
379:Italy
49:Latin
8177:Elba
8106:Rome
8055:eras
8051:and
8024:Gozo
7823:Arab
7806:and
7485:Ceva
7149:Osci
6582:Flag
6312:Wine
6300:road
6295:rail
6126:List
6116:List
5945:Alps
5810:and
5652:Pisa
5422:Osci
5318:Name
5303:LGBT
5123:Laws
5098:Film
5017:Roma
4584:Ovid
4524:Livy
4292:Late
4106:Gens
4063:Wine
3875:Navy
3843:Army
3482:SPQR
3384:fall
3362:fall
3221:OCLC
3211:ISBN
3194:OCLC
3184:ISBN
3167:OCLC
3157:ISBN
3097:ISBN
3078:ISBN
3060:Livy
3029:ISBN
2919:Livy
2890:1:31
2880:Livy
2851:1:20
2841:Livy
2830:1:19
2820:Livy
2778:Livy
2761:OCLC
2751:ISBN
2689:29.7
2665:Livy
2644:Livy
2605:Livy
2580:Livy
2496:Livy
2485:1.49
2475:Livy
2447:ISBN
2420:2021
2314:The
2292:and
2276:and
2058:and
1930:and
1928:Mars
1922:for
1724:Mars
1550:King
1547:Year
1533:Livy
1447:and
1400:Livy
1127:Livy
1108:ford
1102:and
996:The
922:Name
907:LGBT
791:and
650:and
640:and
499:and
116:King
79:Rome
42:Roma
7244:and
6542:Art
6290:air
6082:Law
4277:Old
3961:Art
3734:Rex
3578:Dux
3492:Law
2590:1:8
2506:1:8
2330:of
2263:rex
1811:).
8356::
3219:.
3192:.
3165:.
3062:,
2927:,
2921:,
2905:^
2888:,
2882:,
2849:,
2843:,
2828:,
2822:,
2812:^
2786:,
2780:,
2759:.
2678:^
2667:,
2652:,
2646:,
2613:,
2607:,
2594:13
2592:,
2588:,
2582:,
2523:.
2512:^
2504:,
2498:,
2483:,
2477:,
2445:.
2443:69
2411:.
2270:.
2245:,
2226:.
2198:,
2171:.
2155:.
2004:.
1959:,
1926:,
1781::
1679:.
1646:.
1621:.
1506:BC
1402:,
1319:.
1232:.
1185:,
1155:c.
1151:c.
1139:c.
1054:.
1037:c.
1017:c.
787:,
7105:e
7098:t
7091:v
6834:e
6827:t
6820:v
6744:e
6737:t
6730:v
6128:)
6124:(
6118:)
6114:(
5212:e
5205:t
5198:v
3255:e
3248:t
3241:v
3227:.
3200:.
3173:.
3105:.
3086:.
3068:.
3037:.
2929:I
2767:.
2533:.
2455:.
2422:.
1807:(
1775:)
1149:(
1137:(
985:e
978:t
971:v
847:)
805:)
605:)
601:(
590:)
586:(
51:)
47:(
30:.
23:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
