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1436:, countless eons ago there was a joyous kingdom whose sovereign had great devotion for the buddha of that time, Lokesvararaja. The king renounced his kingdom, became a monk, and vowed to reach enlightenment. He expressed his bodhicitta intention through forty-eight vows, and promised to refuse buddhahood if any of these vows were not fulfilled. With these words, the earth trembled and flowers rained down from the skies. Praises resounded and with them the prophecy that this monk would surely become a buddha. And so he did, as the Buddha Amitabha.
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1942:. It is seminal in the establishment of mandalas governing the outer, inner or secret dimensions. It is the opening and consecration of the sacred space which enfolds and supports the expanse of the pure abode. In iconography it is represented by the six-pointed star, the two interlocking offset equilateral triangles that form a symmetry. This is the 'sanctum sanctorum' (Sanskrit:
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has argued that this idea became popular because the traditional understanding of the extreme length of the bodhisattva path seemed very difficult and training under a buddha in a buddha-field (especially prepared to train bodhisattvas) was seen as a faster way to buddhahood, known as stream winning.
1443:
In his lifetime as this bodhisattva monk, Amitabha saw that countless pure realms existed for realized ones who had been victorious over the mind's delusions, but no such realm was accessible to those still struggling on the path. Among his forty-eight vows was the aspiration to create a pure realm
1203:
impure because the deluded and impure minds of sentient beings perceive it like that. As Paul
Williams explains: "The impurity that we see is the result of impure awareness, and also the Buddha's compassion in creating a world within which impure beings can grow. Thus the real way to attain a Pure
1759:
In
Chinese Buddhism, the Pure Land was commonly seen as a transcendent realm beyond the three realms (the desire realm, form realm and formless realm) into which one can be reborn after death. This view of the Pure Land as a place was defended by masters of Pure Land Buddhism like
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describe many buddha-fields. Mahayana sources hold that there are an infinite number of buddhas, each with their own buddha-field where they teach the Dharma and where sentient beings can be reborn into (due to their good karmic acts). A buddha-field is a place where
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for all those who heard his name, wished to attain that realm, established the roots of virtue, and dedicated their merit in order to be reborn there. So powerful was his intention that he swore to refuse buddhahood if it did not enable him to manifest such a realm.
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is by far the most popular among Pure Land
Buddhists. There are many old and recent Buddhist texts reporting the condition of its dying believers. Some Buddhists and followers of other religions claimed they went there and came back, and they were viewed as cults.
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Though in modern parlance
Vajrasana, Mahamudra and Padmasana may denote different asanas, and indeed other esoteric positions and doctrines, it is understood that they are also synonymous for the meditative 'seal' or 'lock' (Sanskrit:
1864:
the
Incomplete Land of Expediency, which is the 'Western paradise" of Sukhavati taught in the Amitabha sutras, and is only one of a myriad of such skillfully manifested Pure Lands in existence. This land is associated with the
1782:
states that only the deluded hope to be born in a faraway land in the west, while the wise who know their nature is empty seek the Pure Land by purifying their minds. These two views of the Pure Land led to many debates in
1994:
as that from which phenomena devoid of intrinsic nature originate. "Phenomena devoid of intrinsic nature" refers to the ten powers, the four fearlessnesses, and the other 84,000 aspects of the teachings. Their source,
1681:
followers claimed to have traveled there. The Inner Court of
Tushita was historically a popular place for Buddhists to wish to be reborn in; however, the vast majority of Pure Land Buddhists today hope to be reborn in
3709:. Shang Shung Edizioni. Second revised edition, p. 103. (Translated from the Tibetan, edited and annotated by Adriano Clemente with the help of the author. Translated from Italian into English by Andy Lukianowicz.)
1532:
tradition. According to this view, our world is just one small part of this universal Pure Land which is named: "Ocean of worlds, whose surface and inside are decorated with an arrangement of flowers" (Sanskrit:
2110:), that is the source of all the accumulation of merit, designates the manifestation of the Three Jewels (Buddha, Dharma, Sangha) and of the Three Roots (Guru, Deva, Dakini) visualised by the practitioner.
1999:, is the pure realm, the abode of all buddhas and bodhisattvas, the place of bliss, the place of birth; it is not the place that discharges blood, urine, and regenerative fluids, i.e., the vagina. Source:
198:
also contribute to the development of a Buddha-field, as can bodhisattvas who are able to travel there. These buddha-fields are therefore powerful places which are very advantageous to spiritual progress.
1843:(skill means) created by the Buddha. Once beings reach this realm, they realize that it is just mind. Real sages can see that both ideas are interconnected and thus can affirm both without any conflict.
1204:
Land is to purify one's own mind. Put another way, we are already in the Pure Land if we but knew it. Whatever the realm, if it is inhabited by people with enlightened pure minds then it is a Pure Land."
1804:) is that it is interfused with all worlds in the multiverse and indeed with all phenomena (dharmas). This view of the Buddha's Pure Land is inconceivable and all pervasive. Since for Fazang, the entire
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the
Majestic Land of True Reward, which refers to the Huayan view of a Pure Land that pervades the entire universe and is interfused with every particle and phenomenon in existence.
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has his own Pure Land which is far away and is called "Unsurpassable" (Chinese: Wúshèng 無勝). The Buddha manifests from his Pure Land into our world in order to teach the Dharma.
1768:
was widely cited by exponents of this non-dual view of the Pure Land, often called "mind-only" Pure Land (wéixīn jìngtǔ 唯心淨土). This was most commonly defended by masters of the
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Mahayana sources speak of three kinds of buddha-fields: pure, impure, and mixed. An example of an "impure" field is often this world (called Sahā – “the world to be endured"),
248:
are also predicted to attain their own Pure Lands. The relative time-flow in the Pure Lands may be different, with a day in one Pure Land being equivalent to years in another.
3127:
1261:) for five hundred years without seeing or hearing the Three Treasures. Within the closed lotus-flowers they enjoy pleasures as though they were playing in a garden or palace.
3840:
Luminous Bliss: a
Religious History of Pure Land Literature in Tibet. With an Annotated Translation and Critical Analysis of the Orgyen-ling golden short Sukhāvatīvyūha-sūtra
2740:
Prince, Tony (2014). Universal
Enlightenment, An introduction to the teachings and practices of Huayen Buddhism, pp. 222-223. . Kongting Publishing Company Ltd. Taiwan.
2727:
Dolce, Lucia (2002) 'Between
Duration and Eternity: Hermeneutics of the "Ancient Buddha" of the Lotus Sutra in Chih-I and the Nichiren.' In: Reeves, G, (ed.),
1934:) from which they dwell and which supports them, the 'Wellspring' of myriad fonts as emergent. It may be understood as an interface, portal or epiphany between the
140:
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in the east is compared by some Pure Land buddhists to Amitabha's Pure Land in the west. Bhaisajyaguru is also said to have avatars in six other Pure Lands.
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schools saw Śākyamuni's pure land as being continuous with this supposedly impure world. This pure land was called "Jakkōdo" (寂光土, Land of Tranquil Light).
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said it was prophesied that all who had taken refuge in Padmasambhava or anyone who had any sort of connection with him would be reborn in Zangdok Palri.
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206:, culminates in the arising of a purified buddha-field, which is the manifestation and reflection of a Buddha's activity. Mahayana sources state that
605:
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2753:, p. 37. Asiatische Forschungen: Monographienreihe zur Geschichte, Kultur und Sprache der Völker Ost- u. Zentralasiens, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz,
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and are understood to manifest effortlessly and spontaneously due to other activities of a Buddha and the pure qualities and the mysteries of the
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1850:(c. 1546–1623) taught a synthesis of these various ideas ideas. According to Hanshan, there are three kinds of Pure Lands (associated with the
1253:)-symbolism in Pure Land Buddhism. The final outcome of the thought was as follows: the aspirants of faith and assiduity are born transformed (
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the Eternal Land of Calm Illumination, also known as the Pure Land of mere-mind. This is the land where the Buddhas and bodhisattvas live.
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The Field of Merit is a Pure Land. Each school or sect has its own distinctive form of the tree in which the numerous lineage-holders or
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is visible within each particle in the universe, the Pure Land is therefore contained in every phenomena and is non-dual with our world.
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1189:, also state that this dualism between purity and impurity is illusory and instead state that even this world is a pure buddha-field.
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should, first of all, skillfully adorn his own mind. And why? Because to the extent that the mind of a bodhisattva is pure is his
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Avataṃsaka Buddhism in East Asia: Huayan, Kegon, Flower Ornament Buddhism ; origins and adaptation of a visual culture
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as an object of veneration when taking refuge. It is visualized internally as a part of the commencement phase of each
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Jamgön Kongtrul Lodrö Tayé (author, compiler); Elio Guarisco (translator); Ingrid McLeon (translator, editor) (2005).
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P'howa Commentary: Instructions for the Practice of Consciousness Transference as Revealed by Rigzin Longsal Nyingpo
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Pure Lands have been documented as arising due to the intention and aspiration of a bodhisattva such as the case of
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The Indian Roots of Pure Land Buddhism: Insights from the Oldest Chinese Versions of the Larger Sukhåvativyuha.
1800:
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1257:) in the lotus flowers. But those with doubts are born into the lotus-buds. They stay in the calyx of a lotus (
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Buddha Amitabha in His Pure Land of Suvakti with the eight great bodhisattvas. Central Tibet, 18th century.
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and Hindu ideas and the topological situation in India. There was a process of the development of lotus (
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3672:) of crossed-legs-with-ankles-on-highs-asana which commands the flame of kundalini to rise and unfold.
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in the east is suggested by some scholars to be the earliest Pure Land mentioned in Mahayana sutras.
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3283:. Centre for the Study of the Civilizations of Central Asia, Quaid-i-Azam University. 1983: 138.
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1156:. Some sutras say that Sakyamuni chose to come to an impure world due to his vast compassion.
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with Amitabha (Omituo) Flanked by Two Bodhisattvas (Pusa) and Reborn Souls on Lotus Blossoms.
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1764:. However, another interpretation of a Pure Land is that it is non-dual with our world. The
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1967:
1946:). It later developed into the primordial purity of the lotus which supports the mandala,
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imagery of the field which is evident iconographically, as well as in motif and metaphor:
8:
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is currently teaching at the Inner Court of Tushita, with some Buddhist Masters, such as
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1677:, have also been known to have dreamt of going to the Inner Court of Tushita. Some
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Some controversial teachings said the successors of Amitabha in Sukhāvatī would be
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Rules for Repenting and Rebirth in the Pure Land (Wangsheng Jingtu Chanyuan Yikuei)
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1959:
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1890:, but other discourse has codified that they are entwined with the theory of the
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There are some Pure Land worlds in controversial sutras and folk religion texts.
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However, not all Mahayana texts agree that Sakyamuni's world is impure. Numerous
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spontaneously arise due to the intention, aspiration, faith and devotion of the
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Numerous Mahayana sources also connect the concept of a purified buddhafield (
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3654:, p. 114. University Park and London: The Pennsylvania State University Press
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1974:, the 'source' is Vajrasana, the 'seat of enlightenment' the ancient name of
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The descriptions of Pure Land in Pure Land sutras were greatly influenced by
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Sentient beings who are reborn in these pure buddha-fields due to their good
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Nakamura (1980, 1987: p. 207) establishes the Indian background of the
174:, for the benefit and happiness of the great body of beings, men and gods."
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A Buddhist Leader in Ming China. The Life and Thought of Han-shan Te-Ch'ing
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2201:"Amitabha, the Buddha of the Western Pure Land (Sukhavati) | Central Tibet"
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The treasury of knowledge: book six, part four: Systems of Buddhist Tantra
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the whole universe is a vast pure buddha-field which has been purified by
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2013:
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titled 'Illustration of the Splendid Pure Land,' currently housed in the
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Fathoming the Mind: Inquiry and Insight in Dudjom Lingpa's Vajra Essence
2241:
T'oung Pao Second Series, Vol. 88, Fasc. 4/5 (2002), pp. 282-331, Brill.
1887:
1835:
Later Chinese thinkers similarly attempted to synthesize the two ideas.
1739:
in the taoist Pure Lands in ten directions (eight directions, up, down).
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145:
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On Pure Land Buddhism and Ch'an/Pure Land Syncretism in Medieval China.
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1935:
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1975:
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Amitayus Pure Land, from Mogao Cave, Dunhuang, Tang Dynasty (707-710)
1714:
1683:
1678:
1625:
1611:
1577:
1537:). It is also called the "Lotus Treasury World" (Chinese: 華蔵世界, Skt.
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1343:
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772:
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41:, which depicts Sukhavati, the most popular Pure Land destination in
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4117:
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The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History
2749:
Susumu, Otake, "Sakyamuni and Vairocana", in Gimello et al. (2012).
1902:– play a role: perfect teacher, teaching, retinue, place and time. (
1731:
Changle (長樂淨土) of Qinghuadadi Taiyi Jiuku Tianzun (青華大帝太乙救苦天尊) is a
1528:
Buddha. This is the view of Pure Land which is found in the Chinese
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Ascension: Connecting with the Immortal Masters and Beings of Light
2142:
and sacred tools that have consecrated, dedicated and the 'deity' (
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1839:(1535–1615) saw the Pure Land as an actual place which is a useful
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61:
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Chinese Pure Land Buddhism, Understanding a Tradition of Practice.
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124:. Pure Lands are also evident in the literature and traditions of
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4376:
4163:
3989:
3801:"Pure Lands", in Buswell, Robert E., ed. Encyclopedia of Buddhism
3707:
The Precious Vase: Instructions on the Base of Santi Maha Sangha
2615:
2138:
2119:
1963:
1947:
1895:
1851:
1779:
1761:
1662:
1557:
1246:
922:
852:
847:
744:
689:
388:
343:
237:
202:
According to Indian sources, the bodhisattva path, by ending all
4959:
4727:
3414:
2716:
Precepts, Ordinations, and Practice in Medieval Japanese Tendai,
1798:, the ultimate view of the Buddha's Pure Land (derived from the
1541:), since it is an array of billions of worlds in a lotus shape.
6352:
6337:
6173:
6035:
6015:
5790:
5452:
5332:
5322:
5257:
4885:
4841:
4826:
4816:
4786:
4710:
4593:
4361:
4233:
3977:
3972:
3853:
2179:
2166:
2150:
2098:
2070:
1828:
1795:
1791:
1736:
1732:
1673:, expressing a wish to go there. Other Buddhist monks, such as
1529:
1491:
957:
892:
862:
797:
694:
171:
125:
82:
1751:
186:
can more easily progress spiritually on the bodhisattva path.
6492:
6327:
6185:
6151:
6131:
6101:
6030:
5447:
5292:
5170:
5165:
5135:
5090:
4937:
4932:
4811:
4516:
4341:
4308:
4298:
3665:
2156:
2144:
2132:
1971:
1951:
1840:
1674:
1639:
1002:
902:
837:
313:
1658:(慧思大師) said, "Only you can know that, only I can prove you".
6362:
5155:
4821:
4318:
2086:
2027:
218:
will obtain their own buddha-fields after they attain full
3750:
2434:
1903:
1898:. The five features of Buddhahood – the attributes of the
1152:
field. Purified fields include Amitabha's buddha-field of
6020:
4556:
3685:. Ithaca, New York, USA: Snow Lion Publications. p. 399.
3620:
The Theory of Pure Land in Fazang’s Huayan wujiao zhang .
2794:
Changkya Rölpai Dorjé, Donald Lopez (translator) (2019).
2458:
Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd Edition,
2442:
Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd Edition,
2356:
Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations 2nd Edition,
1954:
of the deity. In temple siting it is the power place or '
1769:
704:
129:
19:"Buddhafield" redirects here. For the American cult, see
3835:. Japanese Journal of Religious Studies 33 (2), 217-221
2556:. Junction City, CA, USA: Pilgrims Publishing, pp.11–12
1513:
statue of Vairocana Buddha on a thousand petaled lotus.
1315:
to the Western Paradise, Taima Temple in Japan, from a
3833:
Editors’ Introduction: Pure Lands in Japanese Religion
3176:
1199:
this seemingly impure world is actually pure. It only
16:
Abode of a buddha or bodhisattva in Mahayana Buddhism
3781:
Indian Buddhism: A Survey with Bibliographical Notes
2056:
In discussing the visualisation of the Merit Field,
2020:) is a pictorial representation in tree form of the
1323:
2729:
A Buddhist Kaleidoscope: Essays on the Lotus Sutra.
1914:
Very important to all pure abodes is the 'Source' (
1374:In the North, Karmaprasiddhi or Prakuṭā, hosted by
1665:(兜率內院): Some Buddhist scriptures have noted that
1501:
1219:states: "the bodhisattva who wishes to purify his
3256:The Future Buddha Maitreya: An Iconological Study
3047:
3045:
6545:
3722:
1703:Zangdok Palri (the Copper-coloured Mountain) of
1334:The five Pure Lands of the five Tathagatas are:
1215:) with the purity of one's own mind. Hence, the
170:, is to be found, lives, exists and teaches the
116:The various traditions that focus on attaining
3042:
1544:
1535:Kusumatalagarbha-vyūhālamkāra-lokadhātusamudra
3886:
3803:. Macmillan Reference USA. pp. 703–706.
3629:) v.66 n.2 (n.144) 2018.03.20, pp. 520 - 523.
2154:are Pure Lands. According to Nirmāṇakāya (as
1129:
26:For "pure abodes" in Buddhist cosmology, see
4668:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
3823:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3440:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
3130:. Cbs.ntu.edu.tw. 2008-10-09. Archived from
2696:Pure Land: History, Tradition, and Practice,
2126:, are 'Pure Lands' and may be understood as
1424:that in fulfillment has come to be known as
3867:on Tricycle's Buddhism for Beginners Series
3726:Pure Land: History, Tradition, and Practice
3600:
3591:
3318:. Padmasambhavapureland.com. Archived from
162:defines a buddha-field as a realm where "a
3893:
3879:
2469:
1136:
1122:
251:
64:where many Buddhists aspire to be reborn.
3842:. University of Hawai‘i Press, 335 pages.
1746:
1735:Pure Land. Taiyi Jiuku Tianzun also have
52:is the concept of a celestial realm of a
3774:
2731:Tōkyō: Kosei Publishing Co, pp. 223-239.
2148:) invoked and requested to reside. Some
1877:
1810:
1750:
1548:
1505:
1466:
1306:
1294:
1282:
1270:
139:
32:
5855:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
3747:University of Hawai‘i Press / Honolulu.
3558:. Cbeta.org. 2008-08-30. Archived from
2630:. Cbeta.org. 2008-08-30. Archived from
2500:
1978:and an alternate name for mahamudra or
1790:In a similar fashion, according to the
6546:
6058:List of Buddhist architecture in China
3831:Galen, Amstutz; Blum, Mark L. (2006).
3627:Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies
3458:. Tbsn.org. 1988-12-17. Archived from
3415:用户名: 密码: 验证码: 匿名? CheckLogin(); 发表评论.
3316:"Homepage of Padmasambhava's Pureland"
2772:Nichiren Buddhism Library Dictionary.
2452:
2450:
1873:
67:The term "Pure Land" is particular to
3874:
3798:
3646:
3644:
3614:
3612:
3177:我要回應 本篇僅限會員/好友回應，請先 登入 (2006-06-11).
2366:
2364:
2350:
2348:
2346:
1958:' that was augured or divined in the
1700:is described as Maitreya's Pure Land.
1490:, Japanese Buddhist schools like the
95:, the equivalent concept is called a
2233:
2231:
2229:
2227:
2225:
1854:, the three bodies of the buddha):
1580:in several Mahayana sutras like the
1432:According to the sutra known as the
1168:Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā prajñāpāramitā
228:, Buddha's close followers, such as
135:
3252:
2718:p. 203. University of Hawaii Press.
2698:pp. 42-43. Shambhala Publications,
2447:
2382:
1986:"Source of phenomena or qualities (
13:
5845:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
3641:
3609:
2361:
2343:
14:
6585:
3846:
2798:, chapter 13. Simon and Schuster.
2796:Beautiful Adornment of Mount Meru
2222:
2007:
2003:, Toh. 1347, vol. Da, f237a3-5".
1610:Buddhas and Buddhafields such as
1324:Pure Lands of the Five Tathagatas
6526:
6516:
6515:
6073:Thai temple art and architecture
5818:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
4058:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
3924:
3911:
3901:
3852:
3723:Charles B. Jones (18 May 2021).
3231:. Suttaworld.org. Archived from
1358:In the South, Śrīmat, hosted by
277:
120:in a Pure Land have been termed
3925:
3716:
3696:
3675:
3657:
3632:
3582:
3573:
3548:
3537:from the original on 2013-09-30
3523:
3498:
3473:
3448:
3408:
3383:
3372:from the original on 2012-02-27
3358:
3347:from the original on 2016-03-04
3333:
3308:
3273:
3259:. D.K. Printworld. p. 21.
3246:
3221:
3196:
3185:from the original on 2012-02-24
3170:
3159:from the original on 2011-07-27
3145:
3128:"[不負責讀經小整理] 求生兜率天的經典記載"
3120:
3105:. Bairenyan.com. Archived from
3095:
3084:from the original on 2012-02-28
3070:
3059:from the original on 2012-03-02
3031:from the original on 2012-03-12
3017:
3006:
2981:
2970:from the original on 2012-02-27
2956:
2945:from the original on 2012-02-27
2931:
2906:
2895:from the original on 2004-12-27
2881:
2870:from the original on 2012-02-27
2850:
2839:from the original on 2012-02-27
2819:
2801:
2788:
2775:
2763:
2743:
2734:
2721:
2708:
2688:
2673:. Goon-herng.tw. Archived from
2663:
2645:
2620:
2609:
2594:. Vip.6to23.com. Archived from
2584:
2559:
2546:
2521:
2494:
2483:from the original on 2021-07-09
2463:
2409:
2307:from the original on 2012-02-27
2211:from the original on 2023-04-11
1904:Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje 2012
1502:Vairocana's universal Pure Land
168:fully and perfectly enlightened
37:Japanese copy of the Pure Land
6063:Japanese Buddhist architecture
5865:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
4945:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
4136:Places where the Buddha stayed
2552:Khadro, Chagdud (1998, 2003).
2376:
2318:
2287:
2269:
2244:
2205:The Metropolitan Museum of Art
2193:
1689:Vaidūryanirbhāsa (東方淨琉璃世界) of
1474:Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra
1230:
87:
1:
6078:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
3393:. Nsts.idv.tw. Archived from
1574:Ghanavyūha (Densely Arrayed),
1560:Heaven, over the entrance of
1278:
91:) and related traditions. In
5835:Buddhism and the Roman world
5811:Decline of Buddhism in India
5806:History of Buddhism in India
3906: Topics in
3606:Jones (2019), pp. 43, 49-50.
3588:Jones (2019), pp. 42-50, 107
1576:which is the buddhafield of
1402:
7:
5033:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
4773:
3483:. Cbeta.org. Archived from
3419:. Lhsdj.org. Archived from
3366:"《生死自在》-彌陀极樂淨土日修、遷識及睡修法門導修"
3206:. Cbeta.org. Archived from
3155:. Itgroup.blueshop.com.tw.
2531:. Cbeta.org. Archived from
2328:. Folou.com. Archived from
2254:. Cbeta.org. Archived from
2173:
1624:, the dual buddhafields of
1606:, out of which emanate all
1545:Other identified Pure Lands
1484:Under the influence of the
1381:
619:
587:
555:
532:
101:
45:, hanging scroll from 1750.
10:
6590:
6559:Tibetan Buddhist practices
5983:The unanswerable questions
3838:Halkias, Georgios (2013).
3752:Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje
3729:. Shambhala Publications.
3623:Indogaku Bukkyōgaku Kenkyū
3078:"人生理想境界的追求─中國佛教淨土思潮的演變與歸趣"
2916:. Fjdh.com. Archived from
2785:, 209. Simon and Schuster.
2694:Jones, Charles B. (2021).
2569:. Fjdh.com. Archived from
2419:. Bskk.com. Archived from
2389:. Buddhall Cultural / 全佛.
2114:
1406:
1385:
1327:
25:
18:
6511:
6463:
6378:
6293:
6068:Buddhist temples in Korea
5991:
5893:
5776:
5473:
5401:
5228:
5101:
5041:
4676:
4631:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
4542:
4534:Three planes of existence
4482:
4327:
4219:
4149:
4141:Buddha in world religions
4003:
3948:
3920:
3799:Gomez, Louis, O. (2004).
3743:Jones, Charles B. (2019)
3281:"Journal of Central Asia"
3181:. Mypaper.pchome.com.tw.
2939:"發現新世界——小兜率天——法王晉美彭措夢境經歷"
2781:Wallace, B. Alan (2018).
2047:and dharma protectors or
1919:
1909:
1287:Frontispiece of the 1718
93:Sanskrit Buddhist sources
76:
5850:Persecution of Buddhists
5071:Four stages of awakening
4452:Three marks of existence
4038:Physical characteristics
2186:
1646:, he saw the meeting of
1299:Vietnamese depiction of
105:) or more technically a
5213:Ten principal disciples
4096:(aunt, adoptive mother)
3784:. Motilal Banarsidass.
3760:. Wisdom Publications.
2501:Shumsky, Susan (2010).
2456:Williams, Paul (2008).
2440:Williams, Paul (2008).
2354:Williams, Paul (2008).
1988:chos 'byung, dharmodaya
1192:Thus, according to the
622:Śūraṅgama Samādhi Sūtra
252:Purity of buddha-fields
5923:Buddhism and democracy
5436:Tibetan Buddhist canon
5431:Chinese Buddhist canon
4663:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
4658:Early Buddhist schools
3865:What is the Pure Land?
3650:Hsu Sung-Peng (1979),
3296:Cite journal requires
2770:Lotus Treasury World ,
2479:. p. Part 3e.2a.
2112:
2005:
1883:
1832:
1825:National Palace Museum
1756:
1747:In East Asian Buddhism
1569:
1514:
1446:
1414:Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche
1320:
1304:
1292:
1276:
652:Tathāgataguhyaka Sūtra
599:Tathāgatagarbha sūtras
153:
46:
5933:Eight Consciousnesses
4043:Life of Buddha in art
3253:Kim, Inchang (1996).
2714:Groner, Paul (2022),
2370:Nattier, Jan. (2003)
2104:
1990:). Pundarika defines
1984:
1881:
1814:
1754:
1552:
1539:Padmagarbha-lokadhātu
1520:Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra
1509:
1467:Śākyamuni's Pure Land
1430:
1328:Further information:
1310:
1298:
1286:
1243:
613:Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra
590:Saṃdhinirmocana Sūtra
534:Buddhāvataṃsaka Sūtra
519:Prajñāpāramitā sūtras
143:
36:
6410:East Asian religions
5840:Buddhism in the West
5411:Early Buddhist texts
5026:Four Right Exertions
4492:Ten spiritual realms
3985:Noble Eightfold Path
3861:at Wikimedia Commons
3638:Jones (2019), p. 52.
3597:Jones (2019), p. 51.
3579:Jones (2019), p. 48.
2941:. Buddhanet.idv.tw.
2567:"古今中外附佛外道教派、人物、伪經名单"
2507:. Red Wheel/Weiser.
1416:, in discussing the
1360:Ratnasaṃbhava Buddha
1340:Akaniṣṭha-Ghanavyūha
364:Bodhisattva Precepts
324:Transcendent Virtues
144:Tibetan painting of
111:viśuddhabuddhakṣetra
6533:Religion portal
6280:Temple of the Tooth
6159:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
5198:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
4691:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
4474:Two truths doctrine
4294:Mahapajapati Gotamī
4094:Mahapajapati Gotamī
3080:. Ccbs.ntu.edu.tw.
2889:"往生彌陀淨土、兜率淨土修持難易比較"
2326:"极乐世界四种国土详情及生因详情揭秘"
1874:In Tibetan Buddhism
1376:Amoghasiddhi Buddha
1035:Regional traditions
574:Lalitavistara Sūtra
549:Mahāsaṃnipāta Sūtra
542:Mahāratnakūṭa Sūtra
438:Prajñāpāramitā Devī
354:Non-abiding Nirvana
319:Transcendent Wisdom
69:East Asian Buddhism
43:East Asian Buddhism
6574:Pure Land Buddhism
6455:Western philosophy
6053:Dzong architecture
5875:Vipassana movement
5870:Buddhist modernism
5298:Emperor Wen of Sui
5066:Pratyekabuddhayāna
4999:Threefold Training
4801:Vipassana movement
4517:Hungry Ghost realm
4337:Avidyā (Ignorance)
4284:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
4033:Great Renunciation
4028:Eight Great Events
3910:
2813:2009-12-26 at the
2657:2013-05-06 at the
2460:p. 217. Routledge.
2444:p. 216. Routledge.
2358:p. 215. Routledge.
2295:"從凡聖同居土到常寂光淨土 陳清香"
2281:2006-10-15 at the
1884:
1833:
1757:
1570:
1515:
1321:
1305:
1293:
659:Kāraṇḍavyūha Sūtra
645:Golden Light Sutra
558:Vimalakirtinirdeśa
374:Bodhisattva stages
339:Consciousness-only
154:
122:Pure Land Buddhism
47:
21:Buddhafield (cult)
6541:
6540:
6179:Om mani padme hum
5885:Women in Buddhism
5801:Buddhist councils
5671:Western countries
5459:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
5220:Shaolin Monastery
4797:Samatha-vipassanā
4407:Pratītyasamutpāda
4211:Metteyya/Maitreya
4129:
4121:
4113:
4105:
4097:
4089:
4081:
3958:Four Noble Truths
3857:Media related to
3791:978-81-208-0272-8
3767:978-0-86171-734-7
3691:978-1-55939-210-5
3153:"云何為『兜率與西方淨土之同異』"
2759:978-3-447-06678-5
2704:978-1-61180-890-2
2514:978-1-60163-092-6
2476:The Great Chariot
2237:Sharf, Robert H.
2106:The merit field (
2053:are represented.
1794:school patriarch
1766:Vimalakīrti Sutra
1724:Dhagpa Khadro of
1707:is in the earth.
1642:was chanting the
1638:(靈鷲山釋迦淨土): While
1517:According to the
1217:Vimalakirti sutra
1146:
1145:
631:Laṅkāvatāra Sūtra
606:Śrīmālādevī Sūtra
581:Samādhirāja Sūtra
304:Mind of Awakening
270:Mahāyāna Buddhism
244:and Buddha's son
136:In Indian sources
107:pure buddha-field
62:Mahayana Buddhism
6581:
6531:
6530:
6519:
6518:
6358:Sacred languages
6206:Maya Devi Temple
6169:Mahabodhi Temple
5973:Secular Buddhism
5938:Engaged Buddhism
4778:
4626:Tibetan Buddhism
4577:Vietnamese Thiền
4176:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
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3795:
3776:Nakamura, Hajime
3771:
3754:(23 July 2012).
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3508:. Archived from
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3467:
3456:"蓮生活佛講真實佛法息災賜福經"
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3229:"藥師琉璃光七佛本願功德經卷上"
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3037:
3036:
3027:. Boder.idv.tw.
3021:
3015:
3010:
3004:
3003:
3001:
3000:
2991:. Archived from
2985:
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2473:(2014). "XIII".
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2032:Tibetan Buddhism
1921:
1906:, p. 1991)
1801:Avatamsaka sutra
1785:Chinese Buddhism
1717:in the Buddhist
1589:Tibetan Buddhism
1583:Ghanavyūha Sutra
1562:Maya Cave, Kizil
1479:Śākyamuni Buddha
1461:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
1434:Rolling of Drums
1344:Vairocana Buddha
1317:Muromachi period
1274:
1268:
1138:
1131:
1124:
913:Hongzhi Zhengjue
730:Tibetan Buddhism
638:Ghanavyūha sūtra
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498:Wrathful deities
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5860:Buddhist crisis
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5393:Thích Nhất Hạnh
5224:
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4987:Bodhisattva vow
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4372:Five hindrances
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2592:"一个青年女居士的净土亲历记"
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2010:
2001:Stainless Light
1960:sacred geometry
1956:spirit of place
1912:
1876:
1772:school. In the
1749:
1709:Dudjom Rinpoche
1661:Inner Court of
1602:buddhafield of
1598:is the supreme
1547:
1504:
1469:
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1405:
1390:
1384:
1370:Amitābha Buddha
1354:Akṣobhya Buddha
1338:In the center,
1332:
1330:Five Tathāgatas
1326:
1311:Amida welcomes
1281:
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1162:Mahayana sutras
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1018:14th Dalai Lama
953:Abhayākaragupta
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4753:Five Strengths
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4392:Mental factors
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4159:Avalokiteśvara
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3847:External links
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3703:Norbu, Namkhai
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3618:Sato, Kaion .
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3298:|journal=
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3220:
3195:
3179:"標題：云何西方淨土最殊勝"
3169:
3144:
3119:
3103:"兜率净土与十方净土之比较"
3094:
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3055:. Pss.org.tw.
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2030:, employed in
2014:Field of Merit
2009:
2008:Field of Merit
2006:
1911:
1908:
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1848:Hānshān Déqīng
1775:Platform Sutra
1748:
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1648:Gautama Buddha
1633:
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1468:
1465:
1457:Avalokiteśvara
1407:Main article:
1404:
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1386:Main article:
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1273:, p. 207)
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166:, a holy one,
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6295:Miscellaneous
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6286:
6285:Vegetarianism
6283:
6281:
6278:
6274:
6271:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6261:
6259:
6256:
6254:
6251:
6250:
6249:
6246:
6244:
6241:
6239:
6236:
6234:
6231:
6229:
6226:
6222:
6219:
6217:
6214:
6212:
6209:
6207:
6204:
6202:
6199:
6198:
6197:
6194:
6192:
6189:
6187:
6184:
6180:
6177:
6176:
6175:
6172:
6170:
6167:
6165:
6162:
6160:
6157:
6153:
6150:
6148:
6145:
6143:
6140:
6138:
6135:
6133:
6130:
6129:
6128:
6125:
6123:
6120:
6118:
6115:
6113:
6110:
6108:
6107:Buddha in art
6105:
6103:
6100:
6098:
6095:
6091:
6088:
6087:
6086:
6083:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6042:
6039:
6038:
6037:
6034:
6032:
6029:
6027:
6024:
6022:
6019:
6017:
6014:
6012:
6009:
6007:
6004:
6003:
6002:
5999:
5998:
5996:
5994:
5990:
5984:
5981:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5919:
5916:
5914:
5911:
5909:
5906:
5904:
5901:
5900:
5898:
5896:
5892:
5886:
5883:
5881:
5878:
5876:
5873:
5871:
5868:
5866:
5863:
5861:
5858:
5856:
5853:
5851:
5848:
5846:
5843:
5841:
5838:
5836:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5825:
5824:
5821:
5819:
5816:
5812:
5809:
5808:
5807:
5804:
5802:
5799:
5797:
5794:
5792:
5789:
5787:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5775:
5767:
5764:
5762:
5761:United States
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5737:
5734:
5732:
5729:
5727:
5724:
5722:
5719:
5717:
5714:
5712:
5709:
5707:
5704:
5702:
5699:
5697:
5694:
5692:
5689:
5687:
5684:
5682:
5679:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5672:
5669:
5665:
5662:
5660:
5657:
5656:
5655:
5652:
5648:
5645:
5644:
5643:
5640:
5636:
5633:
5631:
5628:
5627:
5626:
5623:
5621:
5618:
5616:
5613:
5611:
5608:
5606:
5603:
5601:
5598:
5596:
5593:
5588:
5584:
5581:
5579:
5576:
5574:
5571:
5570:
5569:
5566:
5564:
5561:
5559:
5556:
5554:
5551:
5549:
5546:
5544:
5541:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5531:
5529:
5526:
5524:
5521:
5519:
5516:
5514:
5511:
5509:
5506:
5504:
5501:
5499:
5496:
5494:
5491:
5489:
5486:
5484:
5481:
5480:
5478:
5476:
5472:
5466:
5463:
5461:
5460:
5456:
5454:
5451:
5449:
5446:
5444:
5443:
5439:
5437:
5434:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5414:
5412:
5409:
5408:
5406:
5404:
5400:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5374:
5371:
5369:
5366:
5364:
5361:
5359:
5356:
5354:
5351:
5349:
5346:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5324:
5321:
5319:
5318:Padmasambhava
5316:
5314:
5311:
5309:
5306:
5304:
5301:
5299:
5296:
5294:
5291:
5289:
5286:
5284:
5281:
5279:
5276:
5274:
5271:
5269:
5266:
5264:
5261:
5259:
5256:
5254:
5251:
5249:
5246:
5244:
5241:
5239:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5231:
5230:Major figures
5227:
5221:
5218:
5214:
5211:
5210:
5209:
5206:
5204:
5201:
5199:
5196:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5177:
5176:Western tulku
5174:
5173:
5172:
5169:
5167:
5164:
5162:
5159:
5157:
5154:
5152:
5149:
5147:
5144:
5142:
5139:
5137:
5134:
5132:
5129:
5127:
5124:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5109:
5108:
5106:
5104:
5100:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5073:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5048:
5046:
5044:
5040:
5034:
5031:
5027:
5024:
5023:
5022:
5019:
5015:
5012:
5010:
5007:
5005:
5002:
5001:
5000:
4997:
4993:
4990:
4988:
4985:
4983:
4980:
4978:
4977:Five precepts
4975:
4974:
4973:
4970:
4966:
4963:
4961:
4958:
4956:
4955:Dhamma vicaya
4953:
4951:
4948:
4947:
4946:
4943:
4939:
4936:
4935:
4934:
4931:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4917:
4914:
4912:
4909:
4907:
4904:
4903:
4902:
4899:
4897:
4894:
4892:
4889:
4887:
4884:
4882:
4879:
4875:
4872:
4870:
4867:
4866:
4865:
4862:
4860:
4857:
4853:
4850:
4848:
4845:
4843:
4840:
4838:
4835:
4833:
4830:
4828:
4825:
4823:
4820:
4818:
4815:
4813:
4810:
4808:
4805:
4802:
4798:
4795:
4793:
4790:
4788:
4785:
4783:
4780:
4777:
4776:
4771:
4769:
4766:
4765:
4764:
4761:
4759:
4756:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4734:
4731:
4729:
4726:
4724:
4723:Buddhābhiṣeka
4721:
4717:
4714:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4698:
4697:
4694:
4692:
4689:
4687:
4684:
4683:
4681:
4679:
4675:
4669:
4666:
4664:
4661:
4659:
4656:
4654:
4651:
4649:
4646:
4642:
4639:
4637:
4634:
4632:
4629:
4627:
4624:
4623:
4622:
4619:
4615:
4612:
4610:
4607:
4605:
4602:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4578:
4575:
4573:
4570:
4568:
4565:
4563:
4560:
4559:
4558:
4555:
4554:
4553:
4550:
4549:
4547:
4545:
4541:
4535:
4532:
4528:
4525:
4523:
4520:
4518:
4515:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4499:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4489:
4487:
4485:
4481:
4475:
4472:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4454:
4453:
4450:
4448:
4445:
4443:
4440:
4438:
4435:
4433:
4430:
4428:
4425:
4423:
4420:
4418:
4415:
4413:
4410:
4408:
4405:
4403:
4400:
4398:
4395:
4393:
4390:
4388:
4385:
4383:
4380:
4378:
4375:
4373:
4370:
4368:
4367:Enlightenment
4365:
4363:
4360:
4358:
4357:Dhamma theory
4355:
4353:
4352:Buddha-nature
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4334:
4332:
4330:
4326:
4320:
4317:
4315:
4312:
4310:
4307:
4305:
4302:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4272:
4270:
4267:
4265:
4262:
4260:
4257:
4255:
4252:
4250:
4247:
4245:
4242:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4226:
4224:
4222:
4218:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4202:
4199:
4197:
4194:
4192:
4191:Samantabhadra
4189:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4165:
4162:
4161:
4160:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4148:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4130:
4124:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4108:
4106:
4100:
4098:
4092:
4090:
4084:
4082:
4076:
4075:
4074:
4071:
4069:
4066:
4064:
4061:
4059:
4056:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3991:
3988:
3986:
3983:
3979:
3976:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3965:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3951:
3947:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3923:
3922:
3919:
3914:
3909:
3904:
3896:
3891:
3889:
3884:
3882:
3877:
3876:
3873:
3866:
3863:
3860:
3855:
3851:
3850:
3841:
3837:
3834:
3830:
3826:
3820:
3812:
3810:0-02-865718-7
3806:
3802:
3797:
3793:
3787:
3783:
3782:
3777:
3773:
3769:
3763:
3759:
3758:
3753:
3749:
3746:
3742:
3738:
3736:9781611808902
3732:
3728:
3727:
3721:
3720:
3708:
3704:
3699:
3692:
3688:
3684:
3678:
3671:
3667:
3660:
3653:
3647:
3645:
3635:
3628:
3624:
3621:
3615:
3613:
3603:
3594:
3585:
3576:
3562:on 2012-02-22
3561:
3557:
3551:
3536:
3532:
3526:
3512:on 2016-03-04
3511:
3507:
3501:
3487:on 2012-02-22
3486:
3482:
3476:
3462:on 2012-02-23
3461:
3457:
3451:
3443:
3437:
3423:on 2011-09-26
3422:
3418:
3411:
3397:on 2012-02-27
3396:
3392:
3386:
3371:
3368:. B-i-a.net.
3367:
3361:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3322:on 2012-02-13
3321:
3317:
3311:
3303:
3290:
3282:
3276:
3268:
3266:9788124600825
3262:
3258:
3257:
3249:
3235:on 2012-01-11
3234:
3230:
3224:
3210:on 2012-02-22
3209:
3205:
3199:
3184:
3180:
3173:
3158:
3154:
3148:
3134:on 2011-08-13
3133:
3129:
3123:
3109:on 2011-07-07
3108:
3104:
3098:
3083:
3079:
3073:
3058:
3054:
3053:"極樂淨土與兜率淨土說略"
3048:
3046:
3030:
3026:
3020:
3014:
3009:
2995:on 2014-12-26
2994:
2990:
2984:
2969:
2965:
2959:
2944:
2940:
2934:
2920:on 2012-02-27
2919:
2915:
2909:
2894:
2890:
2884:
2866:
2859:
2853:
2835:
2828:
2822:
2816:
2812:
2809:
2804:
2797:
2791:
2784:
2778:
2771:
2766:
2760:
2756:
2752:
2746:
2737:
2730:
2724:
2717:
2711:
2705:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2677:on 2012-04-13
2676:
2672:
2666:
2660:
2656:
2653:
2648:
2634:on 2012-02-22
2633:
2629:
2623:
2617:
2612:
2598:on 2004-05-19
2597:
2593:
2587:
2573:on 2011-12-14
2572:
2568:
2562:
2555:
2549:
2535:on 2012-02-22
2534:
2530:
2524:
2516:
2510:
2506:
2505:
2497:
2482:
2478:
2477:
2472:
2466:
2459:
2453:
2451:
2443:
2437:
2423:on 2012-02-27
2422:
2418:
2412:
2398:
2396:9789579949316
2392:
2388:
2387:
2379:
2373:
2367:
2365:
2357:
2351:
2349:
2347:
2332:on 2012-03-02
2331:
2327:
2321:
2303:
2296:
2290:
2284:
2280:
2277:
2272:
2258:on 2012-01-02
2257:
2253:
2247:
2240:
2234:
2232:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2196:
2192:
2181:
2178:
2177:
2171:
2169:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2158:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2146:
2141:
2140:
2135:
2134:
2130:, as are all
2129:
2125:
2124:sand mandalas
2122:, especially
2121:
2111:
2109:
2103:
2101:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2089:
2088:
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2054:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2045:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2024:
2019:
2015:
2004:
2002:
1998:
1993:
1989:
1983:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1969:
1966:' (Sanskrit:
1965:
1961:
1957:
1953:
1949:
1945:
1941:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1925:
1917:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1880:
1868:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1856:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1844:
1842:
1838:
1837:Yúnqī Zhūhóng
1830:
1826:
1822:
1821:Ding Guanpeng
1818:
1813:
1809:
1807:
1803:
1802:
1797:
1793:
1788:
1786:
1781:
1778:for example,
1777:
1776:
1771:
1767:
1763:
1753:
1744:
1738:
1734:
1730:
1727:
1723:
1720:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1706:
1705:Padmasambhava
1702:
1699:
1695:
1692:
1691:Bhaisajyaguru
1688:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1657:
1653:
1649:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1634:
1631:
1627:
1626:Mahāvairocana
1623:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1596:
1590:
1586:
1584:
1579:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1567:
1563:
1559:
1555:
1551:
1542:
1540:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1521:
1512:
1508:
1499:
1497:
1493:
1489:
1488:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1475:
1464:
1462:
1458:
1453:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1429:
1427:
1423:
1422:Lokeśvararāja
1419:
1415:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1394:
1389:
1377:
1373:
1371:
1367:
1364:In the West,
1363:
1361:
1357:
1355:
1351:
1348:In the East,
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1335:
1331:
1318:
1314:
1309:
1303:in Pure Land.
1302:
1297:
1290:
1285:
1272:
1271:Nakamura 1980
1262:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1248:
1242:
1240:
1239:
1228:
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1205:
1202:
1198:
1196:
1190:
1188:
1187:
1182:
1181:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1164:
1163:
1157:
1155:
1151:
1139:
1134:
1132:
1127:
1125:
1120:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1109:
1106:
1104:
1101:
1099:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1089:
1086:
1084:
1081:
1079:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1061:
1059:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1047:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1032:
1031:
1024:
1021:
1019:
1016:
1014:
1011:
1009:
1006:
1004:
1001:
999:
996:
994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
981:
979:
976:
974:
971:
969:
968:Sakya Pandita
966:
964:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
944:
941:
939:
936:
934:
931:
929:
926:
924:
921:
919:
916:
914:
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908:Dahui Zonggao
906:
904:
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748:
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743:
741:
740:Fo Guang Shan
738:
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723:
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708:
706:
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691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
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677:
674:
673:Major schools
669:
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488:Samantabhadra
486:
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443:Bhaiṣajyaguru
441:
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424:
421:
419:
416:
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412:
408:
403:
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395:
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384:Luminous mind
382:
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309:Buddha-nature
307:
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242:Maudgalyāyana
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70:
65:
63:
59:
55:
51:
44:
40:
39:Taima Mandala
35:
29:
22:
6473:Bodhisattvas
6393:Christianity
6388:Baháʼí Faith
6253:Dharmachakra
6243:Prayer wheel
6233:Prayer beads
6001:Architecture
5880:969 Movement
5664:Saudi Arabia
5642:Central Asia
5635:South Africa
5457:
5440:
5373:Panchen Lama
5278:Buddhapālita
4874:Satipatthana
4869:Mindful Yoga
4782:Recollection
4696:Brahmavihara
4567:Japanese Zen
4562:Chinese Chan
4522:Animal realm
4329:Key concepts
4151:Bodhisattvas
3963:Three Jewels
3839:
3800:
3780:
3756:
3744:
3725:
3717:Bibliography
3706:
3698:
3682:
3677:
3659:
3651:
3634:
3626:
3622:
3602:
3593:
3584:
3575:
3564:. Retrieved
3560:the original
3550:
3539:. Retrieved
3531:"北斗古佛消災延壽妙經"
3525:
3514:. Retrieved
3510:the original
3500:
3489:. Retrieved
3485:the original
3475:
3464:. Retrieved
3460:the original
3450:
3425:. Retrieved
3421:the original
3410:
3399:. Retrieved
3395:the original
3385:
3374:. Retrieved
3360:
3349:. Retrieved
3335:
3324:. Retrieved
3320:the original
3310:
3289:cite journal
3275:
3255:
3248:
3237:. Retrieved
3233:the original
3223:
3212:. Retrieved
3208:the original
3198:
3187:. Retrieved
3172:
3161:. Retrieved
3147:
3136:. Retrieved
3132:the original
3122:
3111:. Retrieved
3107:the original
3097:
3086:. Retrieved
3072:
3061:. Retrieved
3033:. Retrieved
3019:
3008:
2997:. Retrieved
2993:the original
2983:
2972:. Retrieved
2966:. Bfnn.org.
2958:
2947:. Retrieved
2933:
2922:. Retrieved
2918:the original
2908:
2897:. Retrieved
2883:
2872:. Retrieved
2852:
2841:. Retrieved
2821:
2803:
2795:
2790:
2782:
2777:
2765:
2750:
2745:
2736:
2728:
2723:
2715:
2710:
2695:
2690:
2679:. Retrieved
2675:the original
2665:
2647:
2636:. Retrieved
2632:the original
2622:
2611:
2600:. Retrieved
2596:the original
2586:
2575:. Retrieved
2571:the original
2561:
2553:
2548:
2537:. Retrieved
2533:the original
2523:
2503:
2496:
2485:. Retrieved
2475:
2465:
2457:
2441:
2436:
2425:. Retrieved
2421:the original
2411:
2400:. Retrieved
2385:
2383:洪緣音 (1995).
2378:
2371:
2355:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:the original
2320:
2309:. Retrieved
2289:
2271:
2260:. Retrieved
2256:the original
2246:
2238:
2213:. Retrieved
2204:
2195:
2182:in Mandaeism
2165:
2161:
2155:
2149:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2118:
2108:tshogs zhing
2107:
2105:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2075:
2069:
2062:Three Jewels
2055:
2048:
2042:
2040:
2035:
2021:
2018:tshogs zhing
2017:
2011:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1987:
1985:
1968:vāstu śāstra
1940:Sambhogakaya
1931:
1930:; Sanskrit:
1927:
1913:
1900:Sambhogakāya
1892:saṃbhogakāya
1885:
1845:
1834:
1819:painting by
1817:Qing dynasty
1806:Dharma realm
1799:
1789:
1773:
1765:
1758:
1742:
1656:Nanyue Huisi
1652:bodhisattvas
1643:
1636:Vulture Peak
1600:Saṃbhogakāya
1592:
1581:
1573:
1538:
1534:
1518:
1516:
1485:
1483:
1477:states that
1472:
1470:
1454:
1447:
1442:
1439:
1433:
1431:
1412:
1391:
1368:, hosted by
1352:, hosted by
1342:, hosted by
1333:
1288:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1244:
1236:
1234:
1225:buddhakṣetra
1224:
1221:buddhakṣetra
1220:
1216:
1213:buddhakṣetra
1212:
1208:
1206:
1200:
1193:
1191:
1186:Lotus Sutras
1184:
1178:
1172:
1166:
1160:
1158:
1147:
1008:D. T. Suzuki
813:Buddhapālita
657:
650:
643:
636:
629:
620:
611:
604:
597:
589:
579:
572:
565:
556:
547:
540:
525:
517:
411:Bodhisattvas
378:
344:Three bodies
223:
208:bodhisattvas
201:
193:
184:bodhisattvas
176:
157:
155:
115:
110:
106:
102:buddhakṣetra
97:buddha-field
96:
86:
66:
49:
48:
6318:Dharma talk
6147:Asalha Puja
5943:Eschatology
5746:Switzerland
5726:New Zealand
5654:Middle East
5563:Philippines
5483:Afghanistan
5288:Bodhidharma
5273:Buddhaghosa
5193:Householder
5103:Monasticism
5056:Bodhisattva
4911:Prostration
4864:Mindfulness
4792:Anapanasati
4775:Kammaṭṭhāna
4572:Korean Seon
4512:Asura realm
4507:Human realm
4447:Ten Fetters
4402:Parinirvana
4304:Uppalavanna
4269:Mahākaccana
4254:Mahākassapa
4186:Kṣitigarbha
4181:Ākāśagarbha
4078:Suddhodāna
4023:Four sights
3950:Foundations
3625:(印度學佛教學研究,
3481:"佛說北斗七星延命經"
2858:"兜率內院疑點之回應"
2827:"兜率內院疑點之探討"
2417:"诸佛净土的时间长短"
2276:淨土思想之考察 釋聖嚴
2162:nirmanakaya
2128:Nirmāṇakāya
2082:Three Roots
1970:). In yoga
1944:garbha gṛha
1928:chos 'byung
1867:nirmanakaya
1846:Similarly,
1726:Vajrayogini
1644:Lotus Sutra
1622:Garbhadhatu
1608:Nirmāṇakāya
1593:Ghanavyūha
1487:Lotus Sutra
1418:Mind Stream
1301:Ksitigarbha
1255:anupapāduka
1231:Iconography
1227:purified."
1195:Vimalakirti
1180:Vimalakirti
1174:Lankavatara
1150:Sakyamuni's
1046:Han Chinese
868:Amoghavajra
843:Bodhidharma
833:Candrakīrti
828:Dharmakīrti
823:Bhāvaviveka
778:Ashvaghosha
767:Key figures
526:Lotus Sūtra
483:Ākāśagarbha
478:Kṣitigarbha
468:Vajrasattva
359:One Vehicle
294:Bodhisattva
234:Mahākāśyapa
225:Lotus Sutra
204:defilements
188:Jan Nattier
177:The Indian
99:(Sanskrit:
58:bodhisattva
28:Pure Abodes
6554:Pure lands
6548:Categories
6435:Psychology
6415:Gnosticism
6403:Comparison
6398:Influences
6380:Comparison
6263:Bhavacakra
6221:Kushinagar
6196:Pilgrimage
6142:Māgha Pūjā
6097:Bodhi Tree
5913:Buddhology
5903:Abhidharma
5895:Philosophy
5828:Menander I
5696:Costa Rica
5647:Uzbekistan
5488:Bangladesh
5442:Dhammapada
5426:Pali Canon
5388:Ajahn Chah
5368:Dalai Lama
5268:Kumārajīva
5263:Vasubandhu
5238:The Buddha
5146:Zen master
5081:Sakadagami
5061:Buddhahood
4992:Pratimokṣa
4807:Shikantaza
4763:Meditation
4738:Deity yoga
4609:Madhyamaka
4502:Deva realm
4397:Mindstream
4347:Bodhicitta
4259:Aṅgulimāla
4126:Devadatta
4102:Yaśodharā
4005:The Buddha
3995:Middle Way
3566:2011-12-31
3541:2012-12-07
3516:2012-12-07
3491:2011-12-31
3466:2011-12-31
3427:2011-12-31
3401:2011-12-31
3376:2011-12-31
3351:2015-01-01
3326:2011-12-31
3239:2011-12-31
3214:2011-12-31
3189:2011-12-31
3163:2011-12-31
3138:2011-12-31
3113:2011-12-31
3088:2011-12-31
3063:2011-12-31
3035:2011-12-31
2999:2014-12-26
2989:"天佛院遊記(下)"
2974:2011-12-31
2949:2011-12-31
2924:2011-12-31
2899:2012-12-07
2874:2011-12-31
2843:2011-12-31
2681:2011-12-31
2638:2011-12-31
2602:2011-12-31
2577:2011-12-31
2539:2011-12-31
2487:2021-07-09
2471:Longchenpa
2427:2011-12-31
2402:2011-12-31
2336:2011-12-31
2311:2011-12-31
2262:2011-12-31
2215:2023-04-11
2160:) theory,
2060:links the
2050:dharmapala
2044:vidyadhara
1997:dharmodaya
1992:dharmodaya
1936:Dharmakaya
1932:dharmodaya
1770:Chan / Zen
1721:teachings.
1719:Kalachakra
1628:Buddha in
1618:Vajradhatu
1604:Vajradhara
1313:Chûjô-hime
1279:Pure Lands
1259:garbhāvāsa
1209:pariśuddha
988:Longchenpa
983:Tsongkhapa
898:Mazu Daoyi
883:Shāntideva
808:Sthiramati
803:Vasubandhu
793:Kumārajīva
750:Fa Gu Shan
680:Mādhyamaka
428:Adi-Buddha
418:Shakyamuni
379:Pure Lands
334:Two truths
299:Buddhahood
220:buddhahood
6569:Vajrayana
6503:Festivals
6483:Buddhists
6445:Theosophy
6248:Symbolism
6238:Hama yumi
6211:Bodh Gaya
5978:Socialism
5953:Evolution
5928:Economics
5766:Venezuela
5681:Australia
5676:Argentina
5600:Sri Lanka
5595:Singapore
5513:Indonesia
5475:Countries
5416:Tripiṭaka
5378:Ajahn Mun
5253:Nagarjuna
5248:Aśvaghoṣa
5131:Anagārika
5126:Śrāmaṇerī
5121:Śrāmaṇera
5116:Bhikkhunī
5076:Sotāpanna
4965:Passaddhi
4906:Offerings
4881:Nekkhamma
4758:Iddhipada
4678:Practices
4648:Theravada
4621:Vajrayana
4614:Yogachara
4584:Pure Land
4497:Six Paths
4484:Cosmology
4264:Anuruddha
4239:Sāriputta
4229:Kaundinya
4221:Disciples
4196:Vajrapāṇi
4048:Footprint
4013:Tathāgata
3859:Pure land
3819:cite book
3705:(2001).
3506:"佛說八陽神咒經"
3341:"蓮師刹土雲遊記"
3204:"藥師如來本願經"
2914:"日本弥勒行者考"
2628:"《悲華經》卷3"
2080:with the
1980:padmasana
1976:Bodh Gaya
1920:ཆོས་འབྱུང
1715:Shambhala
1696:The city
1684:Sukhavati
1679:Yiguandao
1632:Buddhism.
1612:Sukhāvati
1595:Akaniṣṭha
1578:Vairocana
1526:Vairocana
1449:Sukhāvatī
1409:Sukhavati
1403:Sukhavati
1397:Akshobhya
1366:Sukhāvatī
1154:Sukhavati
1103:Indonesia
1013:Sheng-yen
788:Lokakṣema
773:Nāgārjuna
725:Vajrayāna
715:Pure Land
463:Vajrapāṇi
448:Vairocana
433:Akshobhya
329:Emptiness
288:Teachings
230:Śāriputra
222:. In the
216:Manjushri
164:tathagata
159:Mahavastu
152:, c. 1700
150:Sukhavati
50:Pure Land
6564:Mahayana
6521:Category
6450:Violence
6420:Hinduism
6368:Sanskrit
6323:Hinayana
6308:Amitābha
6268:Swastika
6137:Uposatha
6127:Holidays
6112:Calendar
5958:Humanism
5796:Kanishka
5786:Timeline
5610:Thailand
5578:Kalmykia
5573:Buryatia
5558:Pakistan
5543:Mongolia
5538:Maldives
5533:Malaysia
5498:Cambodia
5363:Shamarpa
5358:Nichiren
5308:Xuanzang
5243:Nagasena
5161:Rinpoche
4891:Pāramitā
4733:Devotion
4653:Navayana
4641:Dzogchen
4604:Nichiren
4552:Mahayana
4544:Branches
4422:Saṅkhāra
4171:Mañjuśrī
4128:(cousin)
4120:(cousin)
4088:(mother)
4080:(father)
4068:Miracles
4018:Birthday
3935:Glossary
3908:Buddhism
3778:(1980).
3535:Archived
3436:cite web
3417:"道教净土概论"
3391:"太乙救苦天尊"
3370:Archived
3345:Archived
3183:Archived
3157:Archived
3082:Archived
3057:Archived
3029:Archived
3025:"四禪淨土遊記"
2968:Archived
2964:"虛雲和尚年譜"
2943:Archived
2893:Archived
2865:Archived
2834:Archived
2811:Archived
2671:"觀音淨土遊記"
2655:Archived
2616:《極樂世界遊記》
2481:Archived
2302:Archived
2279:Archived
2209:Archived
2174:See also
2120:Mandalas
2058:Namkha'i
2026:and the
2023:triratna
2016:(Wylie:
1938:and the
1888:Amitābha
1698:Ketumati
1671:Xuanzang
1667:Maitreya
1568:, China.
1566:Xinjiang
1554:Maitreya
1511:Ming era
1496:Nichiren
1426:Amitābha
1393:Abhirati
1388:Abhirati
1382:Abhirati
1350:Abhirati
1269:Hajime (
1267:Nakamura
1264:—
1098:Malaysia
1093:Mongolia
933:Nichiren
858:Xuanzang
783:Āryadeva
735:Dzogchen
720:Nichiren
685:Yogācāra
473:Maitreya
453:Mañjuśrī
423:Amitabha
261:a series
259:Part of
146:Amitabha
6498:Temples
6478:Buddhas
6440:Science
6430:Judaism
6425:Jainism
6343:Lineage
6303:Abhijñā
6273:Thangka
6216:Sarnath
6201:Lumbini
6122:Funeral
6117:Cuisine
5993:Culture
5968:Reality
5918:Creator
5908:Atomism
5778:History
5751:Ukraine
5711:Germany
5630:Senegal
5620:Vietnam
5548:Myanmar
5348:Shinran
5338:Karmapa
5313:Shandao
5283:Dignāga
5208:Śrāvaka
5188:Donchee
5183:Kappiya
5141:Sayadaw
5111:Bhikkhu
5086:Anāgāmi
5043:Nirvana
5009:Samadhi
4896:Paritta
4837:Tonglen
4832:Mandala
4787:Smarana
4768:Mantras
4716:Upekkha
4686:Bhavana
4636:Shingon
4589:Tiantai
4442:Tathātā
4432:Śūnyatā
4427:Skandha
4417:Saṃsāra
4412:Rebirth
4387:Kleshas
4377:Indriya
4279:Subhūti
4164:Guanyin
4118:Ānanda
4110:Rāhula
3990:Nirvana
3930:Outline
2652:觀音淨土的呼喚
2529:"阿閦佛國經"
2139:thangka
2115:Mandala
2036:sadhana
1964:geodesy
1950:or the
1948:thangka
1916:Tibetan
1896:trikaya
1852:trikaya
1780:Huineng
1762:Shandao
1737:Avatars
1663:Tushita
1654:there.
1630:Shingon
1558:Tushita
1319:scroll.
1247:Brahmin
1201:appears
1073:Tibetan
1068:Vietnam
998:Hanshan
973:Dolpopa
923:Shinran
853:Shandao
848:Huineng
818:Dignāga
745:Tzu Chi
710:Shingon
690:Tiantai
407:Buddhas
389:Dharani
238:Subhuti
118:rebirth
73:Chinese
6493:Sutras
6488:Suttas
6353:Siddhi
6338:Koliya
6313:Brahmā
6228:Poetry
6174:Mantra
6164:Kasaya
6036:Pagoda
6016:Kyaung
6011:Vihāra
6006:Temple
5948:Ethics
5791:Ashoka
5741:Sweden
5736:Poland
5731:Norway
5721:Mexico
5706:France
5691:Canada
5686:Brazil
5625:Africa
5605:Taiwan
5568:Russia
5493:Bhutan
5453:Vinaya
5333:Naropa
5323:Saraha
5258:Asanga
5014:Prajñā
4923:Refuge
4886:Nianfo
4847:Tertön
4842:Tantra
4827:Ganana
4817:Tukdam
4743:Dhyāna
4711:Mudita
4706:Karuṇā
4599:Risshū
4594:Huayan
4527:Naraka
4467:Anattā
4462:Dukkha
4457:Anicca
4362:Dharma
4314:Channa
4249:Ānanda
4234:Assaji
4201:Skanda
4104:(wife)
4073:Family
4053:Relics
3978:Sangha
3973:Dharma
3968:Buddha
3807:
3788:
3764:
3733:
3689:
3670:bandha
3263:
3013:彌勒淨土遊記
2757:
2702:
2511:
2393:
2252:"大寶積經"
2180:Tarwan
2167:sangha
2151:namkha
2099:Dakini
2077:Sangha
2071:Dharma
2066:Buddha
1910:Source
1829:Taipei
1796:Fazang
1792:Huayan
1733:Taoist
1530:Huayan
1492:Tendai
1183:, and
1088:Bhutan
1053:Taiwan
993:Hakuin
963:Atisha
958:Nāropā
943:Virūpa
893:Wohnyo
873:Saichō
863:Fazang
798:Asanga
700:Huayan
695:Tendai
246:Rāhula
172:Dharma
126:Taoism
88:Jìngtǔ
85::
83:pinyin
75::
54:buddha
6465:Lists
6333:Kalpa
6328:Iddhi
6191:Music
6186:Mudra
6152:Vassa
6132:Vesak
6102:Budai
6048:Candi
6031:Stupa
5963:Logic
5716:Italy
5615:Tibet
5553:Nepal
5523:Korea
5518:Japan
5508:India
5503:China
5448:Sutra
5403:Texts
5353:Dōgen
5343:Hōnen
5328:Atiśa
5293:Zhiyi
5203:Achar
5171:Tulku
5166:Geshe
5151:Rōshi
5136:Ajahn
5091:Arhat
5051:Bodhi
5021:Vīrya
4938:Sacca
4933:Satya
4928:Sādhu
4916:Music
4859:Merit
4852:Terma
4812:Zazen
4748:Faith
4701:Mettā
4382:Karma
4342:Bardo
4309:Asita
4299:Khema
4289:Upāli
4274:Nanda
4112:(son)
4086:Māyā
4063:Films
3940:Index
3666:mudra
3556:"悲華經"
2868:(PDF)
2861:(PDF)
2837:(PDF)
2830:(PDF)
2386:菩薩的淨土
2305:(PDF)
2298:(PDF)
2187:Notes
2157:tulku
2145:yidam
2133:murti
1972:asana
1952:murti
1924:Wylie
1841:upaya
1675:Xuyun
1640:Zhiyi
1251:padma
1238:padma
1083:Newar
1078:Nepal
1063:Korea
1058:Japan
1041:China
1003:Taixu
928:Dōgen
918:Hōnen
903:Jinul
878:Kūkai
838:Zhiyi
210:like
196:karma
6363:Pāḷi
6348:Māra
6258:Flag
5659:Iran
5583:Tuva
5528:Laos
5156:Lama
5004:Śīla
4972:Śīla
4960:Pīti
4950:Sati
4901:Puja
4822:Koan
4728:Dāna
4319:Yasa
4206:Tārā
3825:link
3805:ISBN
3786:ISBN
3762:ISBN
3731:ISBN
3687:ISBN
3442:link
3302:help
3261:ISBN
2808:灵山一会
2755:ISBN
2700:ISBN
2509:ISBN
2391:ISBN
2096:and
2093:Deva
2087:Guru
2074:and
2028:guru
2012:The
1962:of '
1650:and
1620:and
1494:and
1471:The
1459:and
1108:West
493:Tara
409:and
214:and
156:The
128:and
6085:Art
6021:Wat
4557:Zen
2084:of
2064:of
1587:In
1556:in
1420:of
1395:of
705:Zen
148:in
130:Bon
113:).
60:in
56:or
6550::
5587:ru
3821:}}
3817:{{
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