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210:
The land, its minerals, waters, and forests are the exclusive property of the state. The state owns the basic means of production in industry, construction, and agriculture; means of transport and communication; the banks; the property of state-run trade organisations and public utilities, and other
129:
The distinguishing feature of
Communism is not the abolition of property generally, but the abolition of bourgeois property. But modern bourgeois private property is the final and most complete expression of the system of producing and appropriating products, that is based on class antagonisms, on
106:
Most public property is government-provided and not charged for separately to users, but open to the public. However, it is incorrect to say that all public property can be used freely by the public. Many public goods are provided only to subsets of the population, such as care for the elderly and
118:
described private property as a fundamental social relation of bourgeois society, where it is used for appropriation of labor by capitalists. Marx considered that public property will replace the private property, as a natural historical change of a property relationship.
81:. That is, a crucial feature of public property lies in the inability of their owners to sell or grant them to others. According to Alchian, private property is that which can be transferred at the discretion of its owners, whilst public property is that which cannot.
452:
1043:
246:
That fund is the public property of the state population.What is expressed in payment of dividends to all citizens(except convicted criminals). The average value of the dividends is between $ 600 and $ 1500, for the 2020 it was $ 992.
238:
since the 1950s was working off the model of public property in the resource sector. There was almost one third of the state with huge reserves of oil. For the realization of the right onto the public property in 1976 was founded
259:
are under the exclusive legislative authority of the parliament of Canada, rather than the Queen or the local authority, according to the
Constitution Acts, 1867 and 1982, article 91.
33:
that is dedicated to public use. The term may be used either to describe the use to which the property is put, or to describe the character of its ownership (owned collectively by the
1384:
84:
Consequently, because of the absence of exchange in much of what is public property and thereby the absence of market prices reflecting its
961:
500:
123:
All property relations in the past have continually been subject to historical change consequent upon the change in historical conditions.
270:
was in a public usage of a village community for cattle breeding, growing cereals, fishing. Forest lands were used for timber extraction.
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explored what distinguishes public property from private property, concluding that a unique difference lies in the limitations put on its
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200:
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playgrounds for children. That is, the 'public' may vary and does not in fact determine its public or private nature.
53:, also called public ownership, government ownership or state property, are property interests that are vested in the
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133:
In this sense, the theory of the
Communists may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property.
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690:
20:
45:, owned by an individual person or artificial entities that represent the financial interests of persons, such as
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Both rights with respect to public and private property are in part determined by governments. The owner of a
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207:
State property, i. e. the common property of the Soviet people, is the principal form of socialist property.
89:
476:
146:
Generally, in
Marxism, private property is understood as property that is used by bourgeoisie to increase
103:
it, or temporarily use it. The difference between public and private property lies in their alienability.
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The French
Revolution, for example, abolished feudal property in favour of bourgeois property.
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state-run undertakings; most urban housing; and other property necessary for state purposes.
88:, it is difficult for a government to appraise its holdings. This can lead to problems with
1398:
732:
594:
533:
315:
243:, which included 25% of the annual fee of the incomes of private oil-producing companies.
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can control it at own discretion, whilst the state reserves the right to charge taxes and
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But "public property" itself as a separate form was not foreseen, instead there was
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526:"Constitution Acts, 1867 to 1982 – VI. Distribution Of Legislative Powers"
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or held in trust by the government for common benefit. In many
1335:
931:
549:
162:, "public property" is said to be owned by the people as a
1308:
371:
1385:
The Origin of the Family, Private
Property and the State
393:(December 1965). "Some Economics of Property Rights".
68:
1582:
16:Subset of state property for use of the public
565:
377:
350:
357:. Cambridge University Press. p. 207.
572:
558:
130:the exploitation of the many by the few.
477:"1977 Constitution of the USSR, Part I"
389:
170:, such property is said to be owned by
1583:
354:Property Law: Commentary and Materials
553:
351:Clarke, Alison; Kohler, Paul (2005).
201:1977 Constitution of the Soviet Union
136:– Marx & Engels: Library: 1848:
501:"Alaska Permanent Fund Corporation"
13:
331:Public domain in French public law
14:
1607:
429:"Communist Manifesto (Chapter 2)"
153:
69:Differences from private property
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1117:Right of way (property access)
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503:. 2014-10-06. Archived from
481:www.departments.bucknell.edu
7:
1423:Two Treatises of Government
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10:
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41:). This is in contrast to
18:
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761:
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1475:The Great Transformation
833:Labor theory of property
378:Clarke & Kohler 2005
281:Constitutional economics
257:Public Debt and Property
160:representative democracy
1044:Forest-dwelling (India)
1006:restraint on alienation
786:Common good (economics)
453:"Glossary of Terms: Pu"
296:Public good (economics)
194:
139:The Communist Manifesto
1483:Pierre-Joseph Proudhon
1257:Primitive accumulation
1112:Right of way (transit)
897:Tragedy of the commons
779:fictitious commodities
326:State-owned enterprise
216:
144:
1536:The Wealth of Nations
1516:Jean-Jacques Rousseau
1508:The Ethics of Liberty
311:Public trust doctrine
241:Alaska Permanent Fund
205:
121:
1399:Progress and Poverty
733:Common-pool resource
534:Government of Canada
530:Justice Laws website
316:Res extra commercium
90:economic calculation
19:For other uses, see
1522:The Social Contract
1210:population transfer
1127:prior-appropriation
806:homestead principle
224:means of production
174:. Examples include
168:Commonwealth realms
73:American economist
1502:Murray N. Rothbard
813:Free-rider problem
184:Crown Dependencies
1578:
1577:
1489:What Is Property?
1282:human trafficking
1267:Regulatory taking
1142:
1141:
887:Right to property
391:Alchian, Armen A.
199:According to the
57:, rather than an
1603:
1596:Public economics
1555:
1554:
1459:John Stuart Mill
1379:Friedrich Engels
1360:Frédéric Bastiat
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1205:Forced migration
1173:Collectivization
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796:First possession
769:Bundle of rights
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457:www.marxists.org
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286:Municipalization
220:social ownership
97:private property
75:Armen A. Alchian
43:private property
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1290:husband-selling
1227:Illegal logging
1222:Illegal fishing
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1138:
1049:Freedom to roam
1022:
935:(agrarian land)
908:
865:Property rights
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676:Estate (landed)
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291:Nationalization
276:
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255:In Canada, the
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180:Crown copyright
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51:State ownership
27:Public property
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21:Public Property
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855:Natural rights
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401:(4): 816–829.
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364:978-0521614894
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321:Social capital
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158:In the modern
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154:Crown property
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67:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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1556:Categories:
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1497:David Ricardo
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1464:Elinor Ostrom
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1262:Privatization
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1193:Expropriation
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870:primogeniture
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851:
850:Legal plunder
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826:
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819:
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811:
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802:
801:appropriation
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791:Excludability
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507:on 2014-10-06
506:
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412:
408:
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380:, p. 40.
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343:
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301:Public sector
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230:United States
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1591:Property law
1563:Property law
1534:
1520:
1506:
1487:
1473:
1469:Karl Polanyi
1449:
1445:Marcel Mauss
1435:
1421:
1412:David Harvey
1397:
1393:Henry George
1383:
1374:Ronald Coase
1364:
1349:
1295:wife selling
1277:bride buying
1215:repatriation
1197:
1148:Disposession
1102:
991:Property law
966:
962:Forest types
932:
924:
913:Applications
843:rent-seeking
828:Gift economy
686:Intellectual
634:
537:. Retrieved
529:
520:
509:. Retrieved
505:the original
495:
484:. Retrieved
480:
471:
460:. Retrieved
456:
447:
436:. Retrieved
432:
423:
398:
394:
385:
373:
353:
346:
306:Public space
266:
256:
254:
245:
233:
217:
214:– Article 11
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157:
145:
137:
135:
132:
128:
125:
122:
114:
105:
94:
83:
79:alienability
72:
47:corporations
26:
25:
1437:Das Kapital
1324:progressive
1314:inheritance
1237:Land reform
1011:real estate
986:Land tenure
974:Inheritance
902:anticommons
838:Law of rent
818:Game theory
748:Information
728:Common land
625:Cooperative
395:Il Politico
268:Common land
263:Common land
142:: Chapter 2
101:nationalize
63:communities
1585:Categories
1568:by country
1530:Adam Smith
1417:John Locke
1081:indigenous
1076:aboriginal
996:alienation
691:indigenous
681:Intangible
595:Collective
539:2013-11-14
511:2020-12-19
486:2020-12-19
462:2020-12-19
438:2020-12-19
338:References
176:Crown land
111:In Marxism
59:individual
35:population
1431:Karl Marx
1232:Land Back
1183:Enclosure
1166:biopiracy
1104:Bergregal
1086:squatting
860:Ownership
774:Commodity
753:Knowledge
664:By nature
620:Customary
610:Community
407:0032-325X
172:the Crown
116:Karl Marx
1558:Property
1451:The Gift
1350:key work
1345:Scholars
1329:property
1286:spousal
1252:Poaching
1188:Eviction
1132:riparian
1093:Littoral
1001:easement
979:executor
950:literary
875:usufruct
823:Georgism
703:Tangible
698:Personal
605:Communal
588:By owner
581:Property
415:43206327
274:See also
190:Examples
31:property
1366:The Law
1272:Slavery
1098:Mineral
1066:Hunting
1059:pannage
1054:Grazing
1039:Fishing
925:Acequia
892:Rivalry
880:women's
738:Digital
720:Commons
655:Unowned
630:Private
222:of the
164:commons
148:capital
1247:Piracy
1199:Farhud
1027:Rights
968:Huerta
940:Estate
762:Theory
743:Global
645:Social
635:Public
600:Common
413:
405:
361:
251:Canada
236:Alaska
182:, and
1336:Theft
1122:Water
1016:title
945:legal
933:Ejido
671:Croft
650:State
615:Crown
411:JSTOR
86:value
55:state
39:state
37:of a
1319:poll
1302:wage
1071:Land
955:real
708:real
640:Self
403:ISSN
359:ISBN
195:USSR
1309:Tax
1034:Air
234:In
61:or
29:is
1587::
532:.
528:.
479:.
455:.
431:.
409:.
399:30
397:.
226:.
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186:.
178:,
150:.
92:.
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49:.
1352:)
1348:(
1150:/
573:e
566:t
559:v
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