Phosphorus - Knowledge

4732: 5169: 5046: 2691:. Upon further heating, this material crystallises. In this sense, red phosphorus is not an allotrope, but rather an intermediate phase between the white and violet phosphorus, and most of its properties have a range of values. For example, freshly prepared, bright red phosphorus is highly reactive and ignites at about 300 °C (572 °F), though it is more stable than white phosphorus, which ignites at about 30 °C (86 °F). After prolonged heating or storage, the color darkens (see infobox images); the resulting product is more stable and does not spontaneously ignite in air. 1672: 5145: 1728: 2390: 3191: 2739: 4525: 2364: 103: 6319:, and the remainder in soft tissues and extracellular fluids. The phosphorus content increases from about 0.5% by mass in infancy to 0.65–1.1% by mass in adults. Average phosphorus concentration in the blood is about 0.4 g/L; about 70% of that is organic and 30% inorganic phosphates. An adult with healthy diet consumes and excretes about 1–3 grams of phosphorus per day, with consumption in the form of inorganic phosphate and phosphorus-containing biomolecules such as 1762: 63: 89: 5358: 2036: 6599: 2402: 2376: 5206:(IFDC) report that global reserves would last for several hundred years. Phosphorus reserve figures are intensely debated. Gilbert suggest that there has been little external verification of the estimate. A 2014 review concluded that the IFDC report "presents an inflated picture of global reserves, in particular those of Morocco, where largely hypothetical and inferred resources have simply been relabeled “reserves". 3617: 75: 6547:(AI) is used instead. The current EAR for phosphorus for people ages 19 and up is 580 mg/day. The RDA is 700 mg/day. RDAs are higher than EARs so as to identify amounts that will cover people with higher-than-average requirements. RDA for pregnancy and lactation are also 700 mg/day. For people ages 1–18 years, the RDA increases with age from 460 to 1250 mg/day. As for safety, the IOM sets 4360: 5454:

towards application to crop fields on a large scale. At present, manure application could not meet the phosphorus needs of large scale agriculture. Despite that, it is still an efficient method of recycling used phosphorus and returning it to the soil. There are concerns with pathogens in manure and human excreta, but those pathogens can be eliminated via suitable treatment. However, especially in the

5682:) to receive the neutrons. As neutrons continue to pass through the silicon, more and more phosphorus atoms are produced by transmutation, and therefore the doping becomes more and more strongly n-type. NTD is a far less common doping method than diffusion or ion implantation, but it has the advantage of creating an extremely uniform dopant distribution. 6570:, the AI is set at 550 mg/day. For children ages 4–10, the AI is 440 mg/day, and for ages 11–17 it is 640 mg/day. These AIs are lower than the U.S. RDAs. In both systems, teenagers need more than adults. The European Food Safety Authority reviewed the same safety question and decided that there was not sufficient information to set a UL. 6131:, a very touch sensitive composition. The fine powder ignites immediately and provides the initial spark to set off the match head. Safety matches separate the two components of the ignition mixture until the match is struck. This is the key safety advantage as it prevents accidental ignition. Nonetheless, safety matches, invented in 1844 by 6067: 11331:, 6 March 2023, pp. 24–27. "he world's phosphorus problem resembles its carbon-dioxide problem, its plastics problem, its groundwater-use problem, its soil-erosion problem, and its nitrogen problem. The path humanity is on may lead to ruin, but, as of yet, no one has found a workable way back." (p. 27.) 5188:(a summarizing term for over 300 ores of different origin, composition, and phosphate content). "Reserves" refers to the amount assumed recoverable at current market prices and "resources" refers to estimated amounts of such a grade or quality that they have reasonable prospects for economic extraction. 4598:

encased in a very hot brick furnace to distill out the highly toxic elemental phosphorus product. Alternately, precipitated phosphates could be made from ground-up bones that had been de-greased and treated with strong acids. White phosphorus could then be made by heating the precipitated phosphates,

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Brand's process originally involved letting urine stand for days until it gave off a terrible stench. Then he boiled it down to a paste, heated this paste to a high temperature, and led the vapours through water, where he hoped they would condense to gold. Instead, he obtained a white, waxy substance

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White phosphorus exists in two crystalline forms: α (alpha) and β (beta). At room temperature, the α-form is stable. It is more common, has cubic crystal structure and at 195.2 K (−78.0 °C), it transforms into β-form, which has hexagonal crystal structure. These forms differ in terms of the

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until it is certain that all WP has been removed. Following complete removal of the particles, treat the lesions as thermal burns." As white phosphorus readily mixes with oils, any oily substances or ointments are not recommended until the area is thoroughly cleaned and all white phosphorus removed.

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For the use of phosphorus in drugs, detergents, and foodstuff, the standards of purity are high, which led to the development of the thermal process. In this process, phosphate minerals are converted to white phosphorus, which can be purified by distillation. The white phosphorus is then oxidised to

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In 2017, the USGS estimated 68 billion tons of world reserves, where reserve figures refer to the amount assumed recoverable at current market prices; 0.261 billion tons were mined in 2016. Critical to contemporary agriculture, its annual demand is rising nearly twice as fast as the growth

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and tradition, Augerinus (Αυγερινός = morning star, still in use today), Hesperus or Hesperinus (΄Εσπερος or Εσπερινός or Αποσπερίτης = evening star, still in use today) and Eosphorus (Εωσφόρος = dawnbearer, not in use for the planet after Christianity) are close homologues, and also associated with

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The manual suggests instead "a bicarbonate solution to neutralise phosphoric acid, which will then allow removal of visible white phosphorus. Particles often can be located by their emission of smoke when air strikes them, or by their phosphorescence in the dark. In dark surroundings, fragments are

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For U.S. food and dietary supplement labeling purposes, the amount in a serving is expressed as a percent of Daily Value (%DV). For phosphorus labeling purposes, 100% of the Daily Value was 1000 mg, but as of May 27, 2016, it was revised to 1250 mg to bring it into agreement with the

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in agriculture. Via this method, phosphorus in the foods consumed are excreted, and the animal or human excreta are subsequently collected and re-applied to the fields. Although this method has maintained civilizations for centuries the current system of manure management is not logistically geared

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in the 1680s ascribed it to "debilitation" of the air. In fact, this process is caused by the phosphorus reacting with oxygen in the air; in a sealed container, this process will eventually stop when all the oxygen in the container is consumed. By the 18th century, it was known that in pure oxygen,

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have been shown to reduce the rate of phosphorus depletion from farmland. These methods are still dependent on a periodic application of phosphate rock to the soil and as such methods to recycle the lost phosphorus have also been proposed. Perennial vegetation, such as grassland or forest, is much

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in 1888 (patented 1889), elemental phosphorus production switched from the bone-ash heating, to electric arc production from phosphate rock. After the depletion of world guano sources about the same time, mineral phosphates became the major source of phosphate fertiliser production. Phosphate rock

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are extensive, often commercially important, and sometimes structurally complicated. They all have acidic protons bound to oxygen atoms, some have nonacidic protons that are bonded directly to phosphorus and some contain phosphorus–phosphorus bonds. Although many oxoacids of phosphorus are formed,

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was an important early phosphate source. Phosphate mines contain fossils because phosphate is present in the fossilized deposits of animal remains and excreta. Low phosphate levels are an important limit to growth in a number of plant ecosystems. The vast majority of phosphorus compounds mined are

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does not include significant gas-phase transport. The predominant source of phosphorus in modern times is phosphate rock (as opposed to the guano that preceded it). According to some researchers, Earth's commercial and affordable phosphorus reserves are expected to be depleted in 50–100 years and

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Boyle states that Krafft gave him no information as to the preparation of phosphorus other than that it was derived from "somewhat that belonged to the body of man". This gave Boyle a valuable clue, so that he, too, managed to make phosphorus, and published the method of its manufacture. Later he

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and the most toxic of the allotropes. White phosphorus gradually changes to red phosphorus, accelerated by light and heat. Samples of white phosphorus almost always contain some red phosphorus and accordingly appear yellow. For this reason, white phosphorus that is aged or otherwise impure (e.g.,

4906:. More problematic is a "mud" containing significant amounts of white phosphorus. Production of white phosphorus is conducted in large facilities in part because it is energy intensive. The white phosphorus is transported in molten form. Some major accidents have occurred during transportation. 5430:

Integrated farming systems which use animal sources to supply phosphorus for crops do exist at smaller scales, and application of the system to a larger scale is a potential alternative for supplying the nutrient, although it would require significant changes to the widely adopted modern crop

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of the human population. The production of phosphorus may have peaked before 2011 and some scientists predict reserves will be depleted before the end of the 21st century. Phosphorus comprises about 0.1% by mass of the average rock, and consequently, the Earth's supply is vast, though dilute.

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Natural phosphorus-bearing compounds are mostly inaccessible to plants because of the low solubility and mobility in soil. Most phosphorus is very stable in the soil minerals or organic matter of the soil. Even when phosphorus is added in manure or fertilizer it can become fixed in the soil.

5268:. Many agricultural systems depend on supplies of inorganic fertilizer, which use rock phosphate. Under the food production regime in developed countries, shortages of rock phosphate could lead to shortages of inorganic fertilizer, which could in turn reduce the global food production. 4694:

were distributed in Britain to specially selected civilians within the British resistance operation, for defence; and phosphorus incendiary bombs were used in war on a large scale. Burning phosphorus is difficult to extinguish and if it splashes onto human skin it has horrific effects.

10019: 5402:, the UK organic agriculture certification and pressure group, issued a report in 2010 "A Rock and a Hard Place" encouraging more recycling of phosphorus. One potential solution to the shortage of phosphorus is greater recycling of human and animal wastes back into the environment. 5668: 3660:, are known for these reactive metals. With the transition metals as well as the monophosphides there are metal-rich phosphides, which are generally hard refractory compounds with a metallic lustre, and phosphorus-rich phosphides which are less stable and include semiconductors. 6656:, "Cupric (copper(II)) sulfate has been used by U.S. personnel in the past and is still being used by some nations. However, copper sulfate is toxic and its use will be discontinued. Copper sulfate may produce kidney and cerebral toxicity as well as intravascular hemolysis." 3402:, phosphate forms a variety of salts. These solids are polymeric, featuring P-O-M linkages. When the metal cation has a charge of 2+ or 3+, the salts are generally insoluble, hence they exist as common minerals. Many phosphate salts are derived from hydrogen phosphate (HPO 5813:

is very slow. Some of the fixed phosphorus is released again over time, sustaining wild plant growth, however, more is needed to sustain intensive cultivation of crops. Fertiliser is often in the form of superphosphate of lime, a mixture of calcium dihydrogen phosphate

2715:. It is obtained by heating white phosphorus under high pressures (about 12,000 standard atmospheres or 1.2 gigapascals). It can also be produced at ambient conditions using metal salts, e.g. mercury, as catalysts. In appearance, properties, and structure, it resembles 6759:

WP, (white phosphorus), exhibits chemoluminescence upon exposure to air and if there is any WP in the wound, covered by tissue or fluids such as blood serum, it will not glow until it is exposed to air, which requires a very dark room and dark-adapted eyes to see

6096:), and a binder. They were poisonous to the workers in manufacture, sensitive to storage conditions, toxic if ingested, and hazardous when accidentally ignited on a rough surface. Production in several countries was banned between 1872 and 1925. The international 5202:(USGS) estimated that economically extractable phosphate rock reserves worldwide are 72 billion tons, while world mining production in 2022 was 220 million tons. Assuming zero growth, the reserves would thus last for around 300 years. This broadly confirms a 2010 4422:. While the quantities were essentially correct (it took about 1,100 litres of urine to make about 60 g of phosphorus), it was unnecessary to allow the urine to rot first. Later scientists discovered that fresh urine yielded the same amount of phosphorus. 5498:

Research on phosphorus recovery methods from sewage sludge has been carried out in Sweden and Germany since around 2003, but the technologies currently under development are not yet cost effective, given the current price of phosphorus on the world market.

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production greatly increased after World War II, and remains the primary global source of phosphorus and phosphorus chemicals today. Phosphate rock remains a feedstock in the fertiliser industry, where it is treated with sulfuric acid to produce various "

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resulted from its use. (An apocryphal tale tells of a woman attempting to murder her husband with white phosphorus in his food, which was detected by the stew's giving off luminous steam). In addition, exposure to the vapours gave match workers a severe

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Most phosphorus-bearing material is for agriculture fertilisers. In this case where the standards of purity are modest, phosphorus is obtained from phosphate rock by what is called the "wet process." The minerals are treated with sulfuric acid to give

5124:. Estimates for future production vary significantly depending on modelling and assumptions on extractable volumes, but it is inescapable that future production of phosphate rock will be heavily influenced by Morocco in the foreseeable future. 5312:

in which he described many of the agricultural practices of the Incas prior to the arrival of the Spaniards and introduced the use of guano as a fertilizer. As Garcilaso described, the Incas near the coast harvested guano. In the early 1800s

10027: 6224:. This multipurpose grenade was mostly used for signaling, smoke screens, and inflammation; it could also cause severe burns and had a psychological impact on the enemy. Military uses of white phosphorus are constrained by international law. 5374:

Phosphorus can be transferred from the soil in one location to another as food is transported across the world, taking the phosphorus it contains with it. Once consumed by humans, it can end up in the local environment (in the case of

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Cossairt, Brandi M.; Cummins, Christopher C.; Head, Ashley R.; Lichtenberger, Dennis L.; Berger, Raphael J. F.; Hayes, Stuart A.; Mitzel, Norbert W.; Wu, Gang (2010-06-01). "On the Molecular and Electronic Structures of AsP3 and P4".

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In consequence, phosphorous matches were gradually replaced by safer alternatives. Around 1900 French chemists Henri Sévène and Emile David Cahen invented the modern strike-anywhere match, wherein the white phosphorus was replaced by

3682:), but the bond angles at phosphorus are closer to 90° for phosphine and its organic derivatives. Phosphine is an ill-smelling, toxic gas. Phosphorus has an oxidation number of −3 in phosphine. Phosphine is produced by hydrolysis of 9661:

Naiker, Vidhukrishnan E.; Mestry, Siddhesh; Nirgude, Tejal; Gadgeel, Arjit; Mhaske, S. T. (2023-01-01). "Recent developments in phosphorous-containing bio-based flame-retardant (FR) materials for coatings: an attentive review".

6487:, which is a condition of low levels of soluble phosphate levels in the blood serum and inside the cells. Symptoms of hypophosphatemia include neurological dysfunction and disruption of muscle and blood cells due to lack of 5344:

by boat. International commerce in guano did not start until after 1840. By the start of the 20th century guano had been nearly completely depleted and was eventually overtaken with the discovery of methods of production of

2990:(braking radiation) in dense shielding materials such as lead. Therefore, the radiation must be shielded with low density materials such as acrylic or other plastic, water, or (when transparency is not required), even wood. 5539: 5285:

US production of phosphate rock peaked in 1980 at 54.4 million metric tons. The United States was the world's largest producer of phosphate rock from at least 1900, up until 2006, when US production was exceeded by that of

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Every living cell is encased in a membrane that separates it from its surroundings. Cellular membranes are composed of a phospholipid matrix and proteins, typically in the form of a bilayer. Phospholipids are derived from

5789:) production in the second half of the 20th century. Artificial phosphate fertilisation is necessary because phosphorus is essential to all living organisms; it is involved in energy transfers, strength of root and stems, 6802:

Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04).

6590:, although proteins do not contain phosphorus. For example, milk, meat, and soya typically also have phosphorus. As a rule, if a diet has sufficient protein and calcium, the amount of phosphorus is probably sufficient. 6146:

made from phosphoric acid is used in laundry detergents in some countries, but banned for this use in others. This compound softens the water to enhance the performance of the detergents and to prevent pipe/boiler tube

5195:). By comparison, the Earth's crust contains 0.1% phosphorus by mass, and vegetation 0.03–0.2%. Although quadrillions of tons of phosphorus exist in the Earth's crust, these are currently not economically extractable. 3217:), a tetrahedral anion. Phosphate is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid, which is produced on a massive scale for use in fertilisers. Being triprotic, phosphoric acid converts stepwise to three conjugate bases: 2108:, phosphorus is never found as a free element on Earth. It has a concentration in the Earth's crust of about one gram per kilogram (compare copper at about 0.06 grams). In minerals, phosphorus generally occurs as 6116:), a non-toxic and non-pyrophoric compound that ignites under friction. For a time these safer strike-anywhere matches were quite popular but in the long run they were superseded by the modern safety match. 5494:

from waste processing plants. The struvite can be made by adding magnesium to the waste. Some companies such as Ostara in Canada and NuReSys in Belgium are already using this technique to recover phosphate.

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These compounds generally feature P–P bonds. Examples include catenated derivatives of phosphine and organophosphines. Compounds containing P=P double bonds have also been observed, although they are rare.

6046:, and in many other related products. Phosphorus is added to metallic copper during its smelting process to react with oxygen present as an impurity in copper and to produce phosphorus-containing copper ( 6637:

The white phosphorus allotrope presents a significant hazard because it ignites in the air and produces phosphoric acid residue. Chronic white phosphorus poisoning leads to necrosis of the jaw called "

2231:. Phosphate is needed to replace the phosphorus that plants remove from the soil, and its annual demand is rising nearly twice as fast as the growth of the human population. Other applications include 2779:

that both emit visible light. The reaction is slow and only very little of the intermediates are required to produce the luminescence, hence the extended time the glow continues in a stoppered jar.

3694:. Unlike ammonia, phosphine is oxidised by air. Phosphine is also far less basic than ammonia. Other phosphines are known which contain chains of up to nine phosphorus atoms and have the formula P 5515:

sense in that atoms of another element are turned into phosphorus. While the amount of phosphorus produced this way is minuscule, it is nonetheless a crucial process in semiconductor production.

3147:, were historically of importance but had only limited commercial success. As urine contains phosphorus, it has fertilising qualities which are still harnessed today in some countries, including 2711:

is the least reactive allotrope and the thermodynamically stable form below 550 °C (1,022 °F). It is also known as β-metallic phosphorus and has a structure somewhat resembling that of

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Economists have pointed out that price fluctuations of rock phosphate do not necessarily indicate peak phosphorus, as these have already occurred due to various demand- and supply-side factors.

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In 1974, the glow was explained by R. J. van Zee and A. U. Khan. A reaction with oxygen takes place at the surface of the solid (or liquid) phosphorus, forming the short-lived molecules HPO and

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Phosphorus has a concentration in the Earth's crust of about one gram per kilogram (compare copper at about 0.06 grams). It is not found free in nature, but is widely distributed in many

6491:. Too much phosphate can lead to diarrhoea and calcification (hardening) of organs and soft tissue, and can interfere with the body's ability to use iron, calcium, magnesium, and zinc. 5160:

processes, belongs to one of the nine "Earth system processes" which are known to have boundaries. As long as the boundaries are not crossed, they mark the "safe zone" for the planet.

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the burn if the patient's condition will permit removal of bits of WP (white phosphorus) that might be absorbed later and possibly produce systemic poisoning. DO NOT apply oily-based

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more efficient in its use of phosphate than arable land. Strips of grassland and/or forest between arable land and rivers can greatly reduce losses of phosphate and other nutrients.

2921:, a beta-emitter (0.25 MeV) with a half-life of 25.4 days. It is used in life-science laboratories in applications in which lower energy beta emissions are advantageous such as 9350: 9577:. Conference presentation at Nutrient Recovery and Management Conference organised by International Water Association (IWA) and Water Environment Federation (WEF) in Florida, USA 8798:"Recent revisions of phosphate rock reserves and resources: reassuring or misleading? An in-depth literature review of global estimates of phosphate rock reserves and resources" 5797:, formation of seeds and flowers, and other important factors effecting overall plant health and genetics. Heavy use of phosphorus fertilizers and their runoff have resulted in 4715:, requiring its adoption as a safer alternative for match manufacture. The toxicity of white phosphorus led to discontinuation of its use in matches. The Allies used phosphorus 4516:

Phosphorus was the 13th element to be discovered. Because of its tendency to spontaneously combust when left alone in air, it is sometimes referred to as "the Devil's element".

6551:(ULs) for vitamins and minerals when evidence is sufficient. In the case of phosphorus, the UL is 4000 mg/day. Collectively the EARs, RDAs, AIs and ULs are referred to as 13277: 6563: 4756:. Phosphoric acid is then neutralized to give various phosphate salts, which comprise fertilizers. In the wet process, phosphorus does not undergo redox. About five tons of 6566:(PRI) instead of RDA, and Average Requirement instead of EAR. AI and UL are defined the same as in the United States. For people ages 15 and older, including pregnancy and 6890:

Ellis, Bobby D.; MacDonald, Charles L. B. (2006). "Phosphorus(I) Iodide: A Versatile Metathesis Reagent for the Synthesis of Low Oxidation State Phosphorus Compounds".

2687:. Red phosphorus may be formed by heating white phosphorus to 250 °C (482 °F) or by exposing white phosphorus to sunlight. Phosphorus after this treatment is 4662:

was introduced to reduce phosphate rock. The electric furnace method allowed production to increase to the point where phosphorus could be used in weapons of war. In

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sense i.e. extracting a desired element or compound from a source without changing the atoms themselves. However, there is a process which produces phosphorus in a

3068:(a group of minerals being, generally, pentacalcium triorthophosphate fluoride (hydroxide)), is today the chief commercial source of this element. According to the 6135:

and market ready by the 1860s, did not gain consumer acceptance until the prohibition of white phosphorus. Using a dedicated striker strip was considered clumsy.

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or phosphates. Phosphoric acid in soft drinks has the potential to cause dental erosion. Phosphoric acid also has the potential to contribute to the formation of

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Peak phosphorus is a concept to describe the point in time when humanity reaches the maximum global production rate of phosphorus as an industrial and commercial

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Wang, Yuzhong; Xie, Yaoming; Wei, Pingrong; King, R. Bruce; Schaefer, Iii; Schleyer, Paul v. R.; Robinson, Gregory H. (2008). "Carbene-Stabilized Diphosphorus".

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Reducing agricultural runoff and soil erosion can slow the frequency with which farmers have to reapply phosphorus to their fields. Agricultural methods such as

5009:, calcium metaphosphate yields two-thirds of its weight of white phosphorus while one-third of the phosphorus remains in the residue as calcium orthophosphate: 8612:

Tayibi, Hanan; Choura, Mohamed; López, Félix A.; Alguacil, Francisco J.; López-Delgado, Aurora (2009). "Environmental Impact and Management of Phosphogypsum".

6514:; that is, the scarcity of phosphorus limits the rate of organism growth. An excess of phosphorus can also be problematic, especially in aquatic systems where 5841:

Processing phosphate minerals with sulfuric acid for obtaining fertiliser is so important to the global economy that this is the primary industrial market for

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Safety matches are very difficult to ignite on any surface other than a special striker strip. The strip contains non-toxic red phosphorus and the match head

4441:(1630–1703) was able to reproduce it in Sweden (1678). Later, Boyle in London (1680) also managed to make phosphorus, possibly with the aid of his assistant, 2308:

tetrahedron is also present in liquid and gaseous phosphorus up to the temperature of 800 °C (1,500 °F; 1,100 K) when it starts decomposing to

6681: 5069:. However, exact reserve quantities remain uncertain, as do the possible impacts of increased phosphate use on future generations. This is important because 1896: 9803:"Dietary and pharmacologic management to prevent recurrent nephrolithiasis in adults: A clinical practice guideline from the American College of Physicians" 6788: 12781: 9010: 2494:. It can also be generated as a transient intermediate in solution by thermolysis of organophosphorus precursor reagents. At still higher temperatures, P 5394:

In an effort to postpone the onset of peak phosphorus several methods of reducing and reusing phosphorus are in practice, such as in agriculture and in

10770:"US Navy's Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries: FM8-285: Part 2 Conventional Military Chemical Injuries" 6954: 5695:

Phosphorus compounds are used as flame retardants. Flame-retardant materials and coatings are being developed that are both phosphorus- and bio-based.

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When first isolated, it was observed that the green glow emanating from white phosphorus would persist for a time in a stoppered jar, but then cease.

2151:, meaning glow after illumination, has its origin in phosphorus, although phosphorus itself does not exhibit phosphorescence: phosphorus glows due to 11356: 11233: 11072: 10940: 6654:

US Navy's Treatment of Chemical Agent Casualties and Conventional Military Chemical Injuries: FM8-285: Part 2 Conventional Military Chemical Injuries

4637:, which usually contains calcium phosphate, was first used in 1850 to make phosphorus, and following the introduction of the electric arc furnace by 9731: 9179: 9144:. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Edinburgh on behalf of the Global Partnership on Nutrient Management and the International Nitrogen Initiative. 4731: 2115:

Elemental phosphorus was first isolated as white phosphorus in 1669. In white phosphorus, phosphorus atoms are arranged in groups of 4, written as P

9984: 5097: 4711:". When a safe process for manufacturing red phosphorus was discovered, with its far lower flammability and toxicity, laws were enacted, under the 3664:

is a naturally occurring metal-rich phosphide found in meteorites. The structures of the metal-rich and phosphorus-rich phosphides can be complex.

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doping (NTD) is an unusual doping method for special applications. Most commonly, it is used to dope silicon n-type in high-power electronics and

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Van Vuuren, D.P.; Bouwman, A.F.; Beusen, A.H.W. (2010). "Phosphorus demand for the 1970–2100 period: A scenario analysis of resource depletion".

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arise by reaction of metals with red phosphorus. The alkali metals (group 1) and alkaline earth metals can form ionic compounds containing the

2439:(self-igniting) in air; it faintly glows green and blue in the dark when exposed to oxygen. The autoxidation commonly coats samples with white 10964:

Corbridge, D. E. C. (1995) "Phosphorus: An Outline of its Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Technology" 5th Edition Elsevier: Amsterdam.

9709: 8900: 8712: 2340:. This has been illustrated by calculations of the magnetically induced currents, which sum up to 29 nA/T, much more than in the archetypical 10869: 6673: 2960: 2070: 4369:

The discovery of phosphorus, the first element to be discovered that was not known since ancient times, is credited to the German alchemist

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Phosphorus forms a wide range of sulfides, where the phosphorus can be in P(V), P(III) or other oxidation states. The three-fold symmetric P

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Schrödter, Klaus; Bettermann, Gerhard; Staffel, Thomas; Wahl, Friedrich; Klein, Thomas; Hofmann, Thomas. "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates".

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waste are generated per ton of phosphoric acid production. Annually, the estimated generation of phosphogypsum worldwide is 100 to 280 Mt.

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Organic compounds of phosphorus form a wide class of materials; many are required for life, but some are extremely toxic. Fluorophosphate

5663:{\displaystyle ^{30}\mathrm {Si} \,(n,\gamma )\,^{31}\mathrm {Si} \rightarrow \,^{31}\mathrm {P} +\beta ^{-}\;(T_{1/2}=2.62\mathrm {h} ).} 2974:

to wear lab coats, disposable gloves, and safety glasses or goggles to protect the eyes, and avoid working directly over open containers.

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additive, and the characteristic odour of combustion is garlicky. White phosphorus is insoluble in water but soluble in carbon disulfide.

8760: 8089: 7901:; Beltrán, M. T.; Fontani, F.; van der Tak, F. F. S.; Cesaroni, R.; Vasyunin, A.; Rubin, M.; Lique, F.; Marinakis, S.; Testi, L. (2019). 7740:

Neufcourt, L.; Cao, Y.; Nazarewicz, W.; Olsen, E.; Viens, F. (2019). "Neutron drip line in the Ca region from Bayesian model averaging".

5203: 5136:, the question is not settled, and researchers in different fields regularly publish different estimates of the rock phosphate reserves. 2802:(glowing due to a cold chemical reaction), not phosphorescence (re-emitting light that previously fell onto a substance and excited it). 2705:, a red/purple form is obtained. Therefore, this form is sometimes known as "Hittorf's phosphorus" (or violet or α-metallic phosphorus). 6732:

effective on November 17, 2001. In the United States, handlers of red or white phosphorus are subject to stringent regulatory controls.

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that is rich in phosphorus. Various processes have been developed to extract phosphorus from sewage sludge directly, from the ash after

10653:"Overview on Dietary Reference Values for the EU population as derived by the EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies" 9518:"Phosphorus and nitrogen losses in relation to forest, pasture and row-crop land use and precipitation distribution in the midwest usa" 8497: 7492:

Cartz, L.; Srinivasa, S.R.; Riedner, R.J.; Jorgensen, J.D.; Worlton, T.G. (1979). "Effect of pressure on bonding in black phosphorus".

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peak phosphorus to be reached in approximately 2030. Others suggest that supplies will last for several hundreds of years. As with the

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as well as amorphous forms of calcium phosphate, possibly including carbonate. Hydroxyapatite is the main component of tooth enamel.

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Match striking surface made of a mixture of red phosphorus, glue and ground glass. The glass powder is used to increase the friction.

282: 11184: 5061:. The issue was raised as a debate on whether phosphorus shortages might be imminent around 2010, which was largely dismissed after 4698:

Early matches used white phosphorus in their composition, which was dangerous due to its toxicity. Murders, suicides and accidental

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Koo, B.-C.; Lee, Y.-H.; Moon, D.-S.; Yoon, S.-C.; Raymond, J. C. (2013). "Phosphorus in the Young Supernova Remnant Cassiopeia A".

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in concentrated forms, which are not evenly distributed across the Earth. The only cost-effective production method to date is the

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and other organizations increased world estimates on available phosphorus resources, mostly in the form of additional resources in

1856: 9941:

Conley, Daniel J.; Paerl, Hans W.; Howarth, Robert W.; et al. (2009). "Controlling Eutrophication: Nitrogen and Phosphorus".

6360:. Only about 0.1% of body phosphate circulates in the blood, paralleling the amount of phosphate available to soft tissue cells. 4513:

Robert Boyle was the first to use phosphorus to ignite sulfur-tipped wooden splints, forerunners of our modern matches, in 1680.

4169:

Compounds with P-C and P-O-C bonds are often classified as organophosphorus compounds. They are widely used commercially. The PCl

10302:

Charnovitz, Steve (1987). "The Influence of International Labour Standards on the World Trading Regime. A Historical Overview".

9588:

Phosphorus Recovery from Sludge in Sweden - Possibilities to meet proposed goals in an efficient, sustainable and economical way

4393:

by evaporating urine, and in the process produced a white material that glowed in the dark and burned brilliantly. It was named

10669: 5475: 8484: 7331:

Shen, Z; Yu, JC (2016). "Nanostructured elemental photocatalysts: Development and challenges". In Yamashita, H; Li, H (eds.).

6084:

in 1830. These matches (and subsequent modifications) were made with heads of white phosphorus, an oxygen-releasing compound (

11349: 11280: 11207: 11129: 10769: 10620: 10488: 10399: 10351: 10147: 10122: 10099: 9858: 9470: 9442: 9388: 9149: 9080: 8768: 8342: 8276: 7903:"ALMA and ROSINA detections of phosphorus-bearing molecules: the interstellar thread between star-forming regions and comets" 7616: 7391: 7340: 6937: 5679: 5280: 4914:

Historically, before the development of mineral-based extractions, white phosphorus was isolated on an industrial scale from

3395:

of phosphoric acid, but several intermediates between the two are known. This waxy white solid reacts vigorously with water.

5084:

Phosphorus is a finite (limited) resource that is widespread in the Earth's crust and in living organisms but is relatively

4591:

Bone ash was the major source of phosphorus until the 1840s. The method started by roasting bones, then employed the use of

2679:

wherein one P-P bond is broken, and one additional bond is formed with the neighbouring tetrahedron resulting in chains of P

8972:

Neset, Tina-Simone S.; Cordell, Dana (2011). "Global phosphorus scarcity: identifying synergies for a sustainable future".

4401:

that glowed in the dark. Brand had discovered phosphorus. Specifically, Brand produced ammonium sodium hydrogen phosphate,

1889: 17: 10705: 7240:

Piro, N. A.; Figueroa, J. S.; McKellar, J. T.; Cummins, C. C. (2006). "Triple-Bond Reactivity of Diphosphorus Molecules".

6543:(RDAs) for phosphorus in 1997. If there is not sufficient information to establish EARs and RDAs, an estimate designated 7801: 4769:

phosphoric acid and subsequently neutralised with a base to give phosphate salts. The thermal process is conducted in a

3316:

Phosphate exhibits a tendency to form chains and rings containing P-O-P bonds. Many polyphosphates are known, including

12652: 11250: 11089: 9485: 7527:

Lange, Stefan; Schmidt, Peer & Nilges, Tom (2007). "Au3SnP7@Black Phosphorus: An Easy Access to Black Phosphorus".

4658:

industry. This used bone ash for a phosphate source, as described above. The bone-ash process became obsolete when the

274: 10652: 8456: 8011: 5387:

in the case of cities connected to sewer systems. An example of one crop that takes up large amounts of phosphorus is

3499:

Before extensive computer calculations were feasible, it was thought that bonding in phosphorus(V) compounds involved

255: 13282: 11313: 11223: 11108: 10969: 10929: 10464: 10374: 10330: 10172: 10057: 9645: 9620: 8431: 8251: 8157: 8152:

Heal, H. G. "The Inorganic Heterocyclic Chemistry of Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus" Academic Press: London; 1980.

8140: 8037: 7572: 7441: 7315: 7227: 7180: 7155: 7044: 6992: 6967: 5133: 1305: 165: 10238: 2274: 2270:

that exhibit strikingly diverse properties. The two most common allotropes are white phosphorus and red phosphorus.

11342: 10689:"Federal Register May 27, 2016 Food Labeling: Revision of the Nutrition and Supplement Facts Labels. FR page 33982" 8754: 4618:

In the 1840s, world phosphate production turned to the mining of tropical island deposits formed from bird and bat

3155:. To this end, urine can be used as a fertiliser in its pure form or part of being mixed with water in the form of 2054: 10980:; Drangert, Jan-Olof; White, Stuart (2009). "The story of phosphorus: Global food security and food for thought". 8696: 6672:

People can be exposed to phosphorus in the workplace by inhalation, ingestion, skin contact, and eye contact. The

4438: 8420:

Lewis R. Goldfrank; Neal Flomenbaum; Mary Ann Howland; Robert S. Hoffman; Neal A. Lewin; Lewis S. Nelson (2006).

7953: 7222:

Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.), Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.

6721: 6634:

as nerve agents against enemy humans. Most inorganic phosphates are relatively nontoxic and essential nutrients.

6376:

enhances the resistance of teeth to decay by the partial conversion of this mineral to the still harder material

5199: 4425:

Brand at first tried to keep the method secret, but later sold the recipe for 200 thalers to Johann Daniel Kraft

4348: 2697:

is a form of phosphorus that can be produced by day-long annealing of red phosphorus above 550 °C. In 1865,

6315:

An average adult human contains about 0.7 kg of phosphorus, about 85–90% in bones and teeth in the form of

5077:. Hence, a shortage in rock phosphate (or just significant price increases) might negatively affect the world's 2490:. This species is not stable as a solid or liquid. The dimeric unit contains a triple bond and is analogous to N 6559: 5305: 3037: 1345: 9848: 6725: 3132:

island sources of phosphate); by 1950, they were using phosphate rock mainly from Tennessee and North Africa.

13262: 12645: 6540: 4789:), mostly mined in Florida and North Africa, can be heated to 1,200–1,500 °C with sand, which is mostly 3180: 3093: 3041: 2468:

tetrahedra, but with oxygen inserted between the phosphorus atoms and at the vertices. White phosphorus is a

10818:

Skinner, H.F. (1990). "Methamphetamine synthesis via hydriodic acid/red phosphorus reduction of ephedrine".

10459:

Nelson, D. L.; Cox, M. M. "Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry" 3rd Ed. Worth Publishing: New York, 2000.

6479:, by failure to absorb phosphate, and by metabolic syndromes that draw phosphate from the blood (such as in 5708: 6548: 6055: 2963:

in the United States, and similar institutions in other developed countries require personnel working with

10948: 4173:

serves as a source of P in routes to organophosphorus(III) compounds. For example, it is the precursor to

2982:

requires special consideration. The high energy of the beta particles gives rise to secondary emission of

13257: 12915: 9807: 9188: 6729: 4626:). These became an important source of phosphates for fertiliser in the latter half of the 19th century. 3176: 3048:

AFGL 5142, to detect phosphorus-bearing molecules and how they are carried in comets to the early Earth.

2999: 2047: 1744: 28: 10280: 10113:

Roland W. Scholz; Amit H. Roy; Fridolin S. Brand; Deborah Hellums; Andrea E. Ulrich, eds. (2014-03-12).

9995: 6648:

In the past, external exposure to elemental phosphorus was treated by washing the affected area with 2%

6645:, causing severe liver damage on ingestion and may cause a condition known as "Smoking Stool Syndrome". 4373:

in 1669, although others might have discovered phosphorus around the same time. Brand experimented with

13272: 13247: 13137: 13088: 9705: 9155: 8664:

Shriver, Atkins. Inorganic Chemistry, Fifth Edition. W. H. Freeman and Company, New York; 2010; p. 379.

6685: 6677: 6536: 6197: 5049:

Annual global phosphate rock production (megatonnes per yr), 1994–2022 (data from US Geological Survey)

4164: 4039: 3124:

plant, for instance, were using phosphate rock in the 1890s and 1900s from Tennessee, Florida, and the

1265: 6842: 13267: 11027:"Peak Phosphorus: Clarifying the Key Issues of a Vigorous Debate about Long-Term Phosphorus Security" 7807:. University of Michigan Department of Occupational Safety & Environmental Health. Archived from 5999: 4317: 3018: 2232: 2138: 9119: 8223: 7980: 7588: 6804: 4377:, which contains considerable quantities of dissolved phosphates from normal metabolism. Working in 1949: 13190: 13108: 13080: 12824: 11148:

Global availability of phosphorus and its implications for global food supply: An economic overview

6552: 6105: 6011: 5264:

Rock phosphate shortages (or just significant price increases) might negatively affect the world's

4311:

words (φῶς = light, φέρω = carry), which roughly translates as light-bringer or light carrier. (In

4155:

have analogous structures. Mixed oxyhalides and oxyhydrides of phosphorus(III) are almost unknown.

3504: 3416: 3409: 2794:

were used loosely to describe substances that shine in the dark without burning. Although the term

2261: 1395: 185: 10873: 9732:"Why is phosphoric acid used in some Coca‑Cola drinks?| Frequently Asked Questions | Coca-Cola GB" 9486:

soilassociation.org - A rock and a hard place, Peak phosphorus and the threat to our food security

9416: 8928:"Phosphate rock production and depletion: Regional disaggregated modeling and global implications" 8419: 8170:

Weeks, Mary Elvira (1932). "The discovery of the elements. II. Elements known to the alchemists".

5045: 13214: 13064: 13056: 12940: 12865: 12839: 12761: 10688: 6187: 6143: 6097: 6007: 5954: 5487: 4712: 3447: 3333: 3125: 1810: 1245: 9550: 9213: 8064: 7589:"Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1956 – Presentation Speech by Professor A. Ölander (committee member)" 13132: 13100: 13072: 12977: 12910: 12829: 11176: 11147: 8927: 8421: 8135:

Mark, J. E.; Allcock, H. R.; West, R. "Inorganic Polymers" Prentice Hall, Englewood, NJ: 1992.

7307: 7075:

Simon, Arndt; Borrmann, Horst; Horakh, Jörg (1997). "On the Polymorphism of White Phosphorus".

6575: 6488: 6277: 6231: 6128: 6051: 5924: 5523: 5384: 5314: 4428: 4382: 4250: 3962: 3523: 3516: 3489: 3458: 3317: 2811: 2423: 2207: 2105: 1882: 1272: 1257: 1233: 205: 11158: 10478: 8305: 8112: 7381: 5458:

these processes are not always followed, leading to outbreaks of diseases transmitted via the

5332:. It has been reported that, at the time of its discovery, the guano on some islands was over 2719:, being black and flaky, a conductor of electricity, and has puckered sheets of linked atoms. 2431:

weapons-grade, not lab-grade WP) is also called yellow phosphorus. White phosphorus is highly

1350:

red: ≈689.2–863 K (≈416–590 °C, ≈780.8–1094 °F)

1304: 13048: 13027: 12889: 12689: 10596: 6179: 6124: 5863: 5519: 5415: 4923: 4638: 4449:

improved Brand's process by using sand in the reaction (still using urine as base material),

4080: 3530: 3337: 2475: 2333: 10190:"Phosphorus Necrosis of the Jaw: A Present-day Study: With Clinical and Biochemical Studies" 9351:"Finland's phosphorus resources are more important than ever (Geological Survey of Finland)" 8840:

Amundson, R.; Berhe, A. A.; Hopmans, J. W.; Olson, C.; Sztein, A. E.; Sparks, D. L. (2015).

8208: 6953:

Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). "Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds".

6312:, and the third hydroxyl proton has been replaced with phosphate bonded to another alcohol. 2722:

Another form, scarlet phosphorus, is obtained by allowing a solution of white phosphorus in

13178: 13166: 13116: 12900: 12766: 12751: 12668: 11385: 10989: 10559: 10253: 10112: 9887: 9269: 9043: 9011:"IFDC Report Indicates Adequate Phosphorus Resources Available to Meet Global Food Demands" 8939: 8809: 8621: 8524: 8179: 7851: 7759: 7714: 7501: 7466: 7251: 6235: 6003: 5739: 5459: 5192: 5153: 4919: 4723:

to destroy Hamburg, the place where the "miraculous bearer of light" was first discovered.

4547: 3784: 3737: 3537: 3380: 3069: 2979: 2798:

is derived from phosphorus, the reaction that gives phosphorus its glow is properly called

2684: 2440: 2337: 1784: 1708: 1660: 11325:, "Elemental Need: Phosphorus helped save our way of life – and now threatens to end it", 9574: 8: 13252: 13242: 13154: 13149: 13022: 12997: 12950: 12925: 12860: 12855: 12805: 12776: 9587: 9028: 7686: 7457:

A. Brown; S. Runquist (1965). "Refinement of the crystal structure of black phosphorus".

6741: 5971: 5941: 5889: 4543: 4433:

from Dresden. Krafft toured much of Europe with it, including England, where he met with

4083:. The phosphazenes arise by treatment of phosphorus pentachloride with ammonium chloride: 3992: 3925: 3890: 3862: 3577: 3117: 2897: 2892:

of 14.3 days, which is used routinely in life-science laboratories, primarily to produce

2868:

of phosphorus have half-lives suitable for biological scientific experiments. These are:

2865: 2040: 1839: 1405: 11270: 10993: 10257: 9891: 9273: 9047: 8943: 8813: 8625: 8528: 8183: 7855: 7763: 7726: 7718: 7505: 7470: 7255: 6280:(ATP), necessary for every cellular process that uses energy. ATP is also important for 2861:

spectroscopy a very useful analytical tool in studies of phosphorus-containing samples.

13202: 12935: 12930: 12879: 12819: 12684: 11217: 11013: 10634: 10530: 10505: 10214: 10189: 9918: 9875: 9687: 9431: 9377: 9331: 8877: 8589: 8564: 7934: 7914: 7875: 7841: 7783: 7749: 7699: 7300: 7275: 6688:(REL) of 0.1 mg/m over an 8-hour workday. At levels of 5 mg/m, phosphorus is 6652:

solution to form harmless compounds that are then washed away. According to the recent

6649: 6483:

after malnutrition) or passing too much of it into the urine. All are characterised by

6480: 6373: 6247: 6120: 6085: 5704: 5527: 4903: 4254: 4214: 4174: 4126: 4077: 3443: 3427: 3172: 2086: 1979: 1695: 1387: 1381: 10445: 6175: 6058:

is a chemical treatment applied to steel parts to improve their corrosion resistance.

3547:. The trichloride, a common reagent, is produced by chlorination of white phosphorus: 12992: 12987: 12962: 12850: 12810: 12795: 12790: 12730: 12718: 12704: 12699: 12236: 11322: 11309: 11276: 11246: 11203: 11125: 11104: 11085: 11058: 11005: 10965: 10925: 10831: 10626: 10616: 10605:

Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride

10578: 10535: 10484: 10460: 10395: 10370: 10326: 10219: 10168: 10143: 10118: 10053: 9966: 9958: 9923: 9905: 9854: 9826: 9783: 9691: 9679: 9641: 9616: 9466: 9438: 9384: 9323: 9285: 9145: 9138:

Our Nutrient World: The challenge to produce more food and energy with less pollution

9061: 8989: 8881: 8869: 8861: 8764: 8647: 8594: 8542: 8427: 8338: 8272: 8247: 8153: 8136: 8033: 7938: 7867: 7775: 7568: 7545: 7437: 7387: 7336: 7311: 7267: 7242: 7223: 7176: 7151: 7128: 7120: 7040: 6988: 6963: 6933: 6907: 6872: 6820: 6562:(EFSA) refers to the collective set of information as Dietary Reference Values, with 6289: 6217: 6205: 6168: 6132: 5835: 5802: 5766:), and the bulk of all phosphorus production is in concentrated phosphoric acids for 5209:

The countries with most phosphate rock commercial reserves (in billion metric tons):

5191:

Unprocessed phosphate rock has a concentration of 1.7–8.7% phosphorus by mass (4–20%

5148:

Phosphate rock mined in the United States, 1900–2015 (data from US Geological Survey)

4782: 4623: 4551: 4539: 3683: 3026: 2858: 2799: 2694: 2156: 1929: 1920: 1874: 1702: 1617: 1607: 892: 11001: 9281: 9236: 8951: 8307:

Dictionary of chemistry with its applications to mineralogy, physiology and the arts

7879: 7787: 7491: 7279: 6837: 6174:

Phosphoric acid made from elemental phosphorus is used in food applications such as

5144: 4611:

and other flammable gases produced during the reduction process were burnt off in a

13002: 12967: 12800: 12756: 12742: 12300: 12005: 11834: 11663: 11582: 11501: 11474: 11437: 11432: 11427: 11238: 11077: 11048: 11038: 11017: 10997: 10827: 10713: 10638: 10608: 10573: 10568: 10554: 10525: 10517: 10440: 10261: 10209: 10201: 10187: 9950: 9913: 9895: 9816: 9773: 9671: 9529: 9335: 9315: 9277: 9187:. CIM Standing Committee on Reserve Definitions. 2010. pp. 4–6. Archived from 9095: 9051: 8981: 8947: 8853: 8817: 8637: 8629: 8584: 8576: 8532: 8187: 8104: 7924: 7859: 7771: 7767: 7722: 7662: 7537: 7509: 7474: 7259: 7112: 7084: 6899: 6864: 6812: 6484: 6127:

from match head and striker strip are mixed intimately to make a small quantity of

5810: 5762:

Phosphorus is an essential plant nutrient (the most often limiting nutrient, after

5757: 5675: 5399: 5128: 4687: 4390: 4344: 4323:

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the correct spelling of the element is

3810: 3741: 3544: 3152: 2752: 2723: 2708: 2651: 2097: 2082: 1990: 1720: 1363: 1250: 128: 11242: 11197: 10773: 8633: 7608: 7062: 4902:

is a useful construction material. The fluoride is sometimes recovered for use in

3332:. For example, the industrially important pentasodium triphosphate (also known as 1340:

white: 553.7 K (280.5 °C, 536.9 °F)

12694: 11422: 11417: 11412: 11407: 11402: 11397: 11392: 11119: 10919: 9492: 7894: 7011: 6720:. For this reason, red and white phosphorus were designated by the United States 6717: 6713: 6705: 6614:

known. A wide range of organophosphorus compounds are used for their toxicity as

6544: 6507: 6281: 6043: 6027: 6019: 5907: 5715: 5671: 5419: 5411: 5376: 5157: 4891: 4753: 4716: 4608: 4532: 4442: 4312: 4063: 4019: 3745: 2795: 2790: 2755:

at which it does. Heat can be applied to drive the reaction at higher pressures.

2278: 2147: 1646: 1576: 9516:

Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Henderson, Gray S.; Jones, John R.; Hammer, David (2011).

9224: 7653:

Vanzee, Richard J.; Khan, Ahsan U. (1976). "The phosphorescence of phosphorus".

5726:

and jams, providing a tangy or sour taste. The phosphoric acid also serves as a

3190: 2389: 13010: 12771: 11365: 11327: 9675: 8841: 8580: 7379: 6515: 6369: 6081: 5798: 5790: 5735: 5380: 5346: 5185: 5105: 4643: 4634: 4524: 4308: 3392: 3061: 3045: 2987: 2738: 2672: 2557: 2215: 2101: 1967: 1748: 1712: 1415: 1299: 297: 10794: 10746: 9801:

Qaseem, A; Dallas, P; Forciea, MA; Starkey, M; et al. (4 November 2014).

7478: 1671: 13236: 12459: 11188: 11081: 11062: 11009: 9962: 9909: 9683: 9289: 9065: 8865: 7898: 7808: 7124: 7088: 6824: 6324: 6320: 6308:

with two of the glycerol hydroxyl (OH) protons replaced by fatty acids as an

6183: 5842: 5479: 5440: 5337: 5329: 5265: 5246: 5127:

Means of commercial phosphorus production besides mining are few because the

5078: 4973:

Monocalcium phosphate is then dehydrated to the corresponding metaphosphate:

4927: 4757: 3661: 3481: 3160: 3121: 3073: 2975: 2905: 2901: 2885: 2873: 2436: 2093: 1974: 1954: 1678: 1335: 1319: 1215: 1062: 10428: 9954: 9900: 9100: 8857: 7929: 7902: 7863: 7263: 5526:. It is based on the conversion of the Si isotope into phosphorus atoms by 2363: 12513: 12342: 12047: 11447: 11380: 10977: 10630: 10539: 10223: 9970: 9927: 9830: 9787: 9778: 9761: 9575:

Phosphorus recovery from wastewater – state-of-the-art and future potential

9327: 9056: 8993: 8873: 8822: 8797: 8651: 8598: 8546: 8108: 7871: 7779: 7549: 7529: 7271: 7132: 6911: 6876: 6623: 6519: 6495: 6476: 6377: 6285: 6209: 6190:. Phosphates are used to improve the characteristics of processed meat and 6089: 5727: 5483: 5455: 5379:

which is still widespread on a global scale) or in rivers or the ocean via

5238: 5234: 5054: 4720: 4683: 4667: 4434: 4386: 4370: 4363: 4117:(RO), a family of polymers is produced with potentially useful properties. 3213:

The most prevalent compounds of phosphorus are derivatives of phosphate (PO

3010: 2956: 2854: 2747: 2550: 2483: 2211: 1861: 1827: 1104: 971: 745: 102: 10894: 10600: 10582: 8674: 6987:. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. 6816: 6665: 5340:

people as a source of fertilizer by mining it and transporting it back to

4898:

P, resulting from iron impurities in the mineral precursors. The silicate

4670:

and tracer bullets. A special incendiary bullet was developed to shoot at

12567: 12531: 12522: 12432: 12414: 12405: 11442: 8228: 7954:"Astronomers reveal interstellar thread of one of life's building blocks" 6661: 6327:; and excretion almost exclusively in the form of phosphate ions such as 6221: 6161: 6066: 6015: 5794: 5767: 5445:

The oldest method of recycling phosphorus is through the reuse of animal

5322: 5093: 5070: 4802: 4786: 4663: 4654:

White phosphorus was first made commercially in the 19th century for the

3708: 3621: 3571: 2577: 2341: 2244: 1802: 1146: 1118: 1111: 1041: 1027: 1020: 11177:

Phosphorus Cycle – Terrestrial Phosphorus Cycle, Transport of Phosphorus

10205: 7666: 7018:

1777, 592–600. from Henry Marshall Leicester and Herbert S. Klickstein,

5357: 4038:

The PN molecule is considered unstable, but is a product of crystalline

3320:. Polyphosphates arise by dehydration of hydrogen phosphates such as HPO 12637: 12576: 12504: 12477: 12450: 12110: 12092: 12065: 11896: 11887: 11053: 10706:"Daily Value Reference of the Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD)" 10339: 9876:"Eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems: Bistability and soil phosphorus" 9081:"Planetary boundaries: exploring the safe operating space for humanity" 9029:"Recent revisions of phosphate rock reserves and resources: a critique" 8774: 8642: 8485:"Scientists warn of lack of vital phosphorus as biofuels raise demands" 6805:"Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)" 6784: 6638: 6627: 6619: 6615: 6611: 6598: 6499: 6213: 6100:, ratified in 1906, prohibited the use of white phosphorus in matches. 5770: 5751: 5531: 5395: 5325: 5074: 4708: 3566:

The trifluoride is produced from the trichloride by halide exchange. PF

3465: 2893: 2853:

is stable and is therefore present at 100% abundance. The half-integer

2545: 2293: 2228: 1153: 1097: 1076: 1055: 794: 780: 759: 631: 624: 88: 62: 11101:

The Shocking history of Phosphorus: A biography of the Devil's Element

11043: 11026: 10747:"CBRNE – Incendiary Agents, White Phosphorus (Smoking Stool Syndrome)" 10265: 9534: 9517: 8985: 7541: 7170: 7116: 6903: 6868: 6586:

The main food sources for phosphorus are the same as those containing

1727: 13124: 12676: 12585: 12558: 12549: 12396: 12378: 12369: 12360: 12146: 12056: 12029: 11977: 11923: 11905: 11869: 11849: 11788: 11725: 11669: 11608: 11597: 11516: 11467: 11457: 11452: 10521: 10115:

Sustainable Phosphorus Management: A Global Transdisciplinary Roadmap

9821: 9802: 9599: 9397: 9181:

CIM DEFINITION STANDARDS - For Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves

8492: 8191: 7526: 7513: 6709: 6567: 6511: 6148: 6023: 5782: 5731: 5423: 5290:. In 2019, the US produced 10 percent of the world's phosphate rock. 5242: 5181: 4774: 4679: 4612: 4592: 3720: 3667: 3649: 3645: 3641: 3637: 3109: 3030: 3014: 2955:

ingested, inhaled, or absorbed is readily incorporated into bone and

2889: 2688: 2540: 2535: 2432: 2267: 2240: 2236: 2191: 2180: 2160: 2152: 2109: 2019: 1996: 1934: 1796: 1652: 1238: 1160: 1139: 1132: 1013: 999: 992: 985: 822: 752: 731: 694: 652: 638: 610: 592: 548: 499: 455: 411: 402: 342: 179: 10795:"CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards - Phosphorus (yellow)" 9319: 9235:

American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2007, abstract #V33A-1161.

8713:"Phosphate Rock Statistics and Information | U.S. Geological Survey" 8537: 8512: 7145: 6227:

P and P are used as radioactive tracers in biochemical laboratories.

5490:. This includes the extraction of phosphorus rich materials such as 5172:

Global distribution of commercial reserves of rock phosphate in 2016

4437:. The secret—that the substance was made from urine—leaked out, and 12540: 12441: 12324: 12306: 12281: 12272: 12245: 12218: 12182: 12173: 12155: 12083: 12074: 11968: 11840: 11806: 11716: 11707: 11698: 11689: 11644: 11563: 11545: 11480: 9463:

The Great Guano Rush: Entrepreneurs and American Overseas Expansion

7958: 7919: 7754: 7698:

Audi, G.; Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S. (2017).

6642: 6305: 6201: 6178:, and as a starting point for food grade phosphates. These include 5763: 5719: 5491: 5085: 5058: 5006: 4915: 4704: 4675: 4671: 4600: 4585: 4114: 3140: 2817: 2784: 2727: 2716: 2712: 2629: 2223: 2172: 2164: 1172: 1125: 1048: 957: 943: 927: 920: 899: 878: 850: 843: 829: 773: 766: 687: 585: 562: 492: 485: 478: 471: 439: 379: 365: 317: 10612: 10607:. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. pp. 146–189. 10476: 10325:. Post Falls Idaho US: Pyrotechnica Publications. pp. 74–84. 9118:, Global Status of Phosphorus Conference, Malmö, Sweden (based on 7846: 7239: 6574:

RDA. A table of the old and new adult daily values is provided at

6014:. Organophosphorus compounds have many applications, including in 4445:. Godfrey later made a business of the manufacture of phosphorus. 2422:

White phosphorus is the least stable, the most reactive, the most

2401: 12622: 12617: 12612: 12607: 12495: 12486: 12468: 12423: 12351: 12333: 12263: 12209: 12191: 12164: 12137: 12119: 12101: 12011: 11941: 11914: 11878: 11860: 11824: 11815: 11797: 11779: 11678: 11617: 11507: 11462: 11334: 11121:

The 13th Element: The Sordid Tale of Murder, Fire, and Phosphorus

10506:"Refeeding syndrome: what it is, and how to prevent and treat it" 10503: 10188:

Hughes, J. P. W; Baron, R.; Buckland, D. H.; et al. (1962).

7892: 6587: 6316: 6093: 5463: 5450: 5328:

to Europe after having discovered it on islands off the coast of

5250: 5222: 5210: 5117: 5101: 5066: 5057:. The term is used in an equivalent way to the better-known term 4595: 4378: 4046:

PN is considered unstable, and phosphorus nitride halogens like F

3732: 3101: 3089: 3085: 3081: 3077: 3065: 3057: 2698: 2606: 2427: 2345: 2176: 2168: 2132: 1357: 1191: 1184: 1090: 1083: 1069: 1034: 978: 964: 913: 871: 857: 836: 815: 801: 787: 717: 666: 645: 617: 603: 576: 569: 555: 541: 462: 418: 335: 9306:

Gilbert, Natasha (8 October 2009). "The disappearing nutrient".

8332: 7101: 6680:) in the workplace at 0.1 mg/m over an 8-hour workday. The 6080:

The first striking match with a phosphorus head was invented by

3616: 3588:(also called tetraphosphorus hexoxide) is the anhydride of P(OH) 2978:

personal, clothing, and surface contamination is also required.

2675:

is polymeric in structure. It can be viewed as a derivative of P

2375: 2273:

For both pure and applied uses, the most important allotrope is

1330:

red: ∼860 K (∼590 °C, ∼1090 °F)

27:

This article is about the chemical element. For other uses, see

12387: 12315: 12200: 12128: 12038: 12020: 11986: 11950: 11932: 11761: 11752: 11743: 11635: 11588: 11554: 11536: 11491: 10050:

Industrial Minerals & Rocks: Commodities, Markets, and Uses

9433:

The World's Greatest Fix: A History of Nitrogen and Agriculture

8677:. Memorial University of Newfoundland and the C.R.B. Foundation 6801: 6701: 6631: 6276:. Living cells use phosphate to transport cellular energy with 6268:. Phosphorus plays a major role in the structural framework of 6191: 5846: 5446: 5258: 5254: 5230: 5089: 4699: 4691: 4604: 4359: 4332: 4210: 3399: 3156: 3148: 3097: 2941: 2701:

discovered that when phosphorus was recrystallised from molten

2469: 2120: 1761: 1599: 1328: (44.15 °C, 111.5 °F) 1325: 1199: 1006: 950: 864: 808: 738: 724: 701: 673: 659: 527: 520: 513: 432: 395: 372: 358: 326: 74: 6930:

Selected Values of the Crystallographic Properties of Elements

6288:

are the main structural components of all cellular membranes.

6123:, an oxygen-releasing compound. When struck, small amounts of 5670:

In practice, the silicon is typically placed near or inside a

3543:. These materials are moisture sensitive, hydrolysing to give 146: 12601: 12290: 11995: 11653: 11527: 10350:

sfn error: no target: CITEREFSchrödterBettermannStaffelWahl (

9135:

Sutton, M.A.; Bleeker, A.; Howard, C.M.; et al. (2013).

9134: 6607: 6309: 6075: 6047: 6039: 5742:, especially in those who have had kidney stones previously. 5362: 5318: 5299: 5287: 5226: 5218: 5214: 5152:

The peak phosphorus concept is connected with the concept of

5121: 5113: 5109: 4778: 4736: 4655: 4619: 4528: 4374: 4304: 3507:

indicates that this bonding involves only s- and p-orbitals.

3477: 3144: 3136: 3129: 3105: 2983: 2219: 2142: 1312: 934: 708: 446: 351: 10281:"Industrial disease due to certain poisonous fumes or gases" 9515: 7380:

Egon Wiberg; Nils Wiberg; Arnold Frederick Holleman (2001).

7333:

Nanostructured Photocatalysts: Advanced Functional Materials

6475:

In medicine, phosphate deficiency syndrome may be caused by

3592:, the minor tautomer of phosphorous acid. The structure of P 3072:, about 50 percent of the global phosphorus reserves are in 12254: 12227: 11770: 11734: 11572: 11262:

The Story of 100 years of Phosphorus Making: 1851–1951

8925: 7739: 6689: 6503: 6293: 6265: 5723: 5341: 5062: 4899: 4584:) is found in bones by obtaining elemental phosphorus from 3434:

is a colourless solid which has an ionic formulation of PCl

3113: 3022: 2702: 2187: 2155:

of the white (but not red) phosphorus—a process now called

1278: 906: 885: 534: 506: 386: 149: 11230: 10345: 10140:

Encyclopedia and Handbook of Materials, Parts and Finishes

9800: 9660: 8926:

Walan, P.; Davidsson, S.; Johansson, S.; Höök, M. (2014).

7074: 4603:

in an iron pot, and distilling off phosphorus vapour in a

3336:, STPP) is produced industrially by the megatonne by this 2751:

phosphorus does not glow at all; there is only a range of

137: 11959: 11374: 11145: 10087: 10077: 10075: 10073: 10071: 10069: 9403: 8839: 8611: 6273: 6269: 5722:) is used to acidify foods and beverages such as various 5388: 5365:, once one of the world's major sources of phosphate rock 4343:

compounds, phosphorus forms phosphorous compounds (e.g.,

3736:

only nine are commercially important, and three of them,

2922: 2277:, often abbreviated WP. White phosphorus is a soft, waxy 2203: 2199: 680: 196:

white, red and violet are waxy, black is metallic-looking

9241: 9027:

Edixhoven, J. D.; Gupta, J.; Savenije, H. H. G. (2014).

6539:(IOM) updated Estimated Average Requirements (EARs) and 5352: 5163: 3515:

All four symmetrical trihalides are well known: gaseous

11275:. Texts in Inorganic Chemistry. Vol. 3. Pergamon. 10671:

Tolerable Upper Intake Levels For Vitamins And Minerals

9379:

The Omnivore's Dilemma: A Natural History of Four Meals

9259: 5096:, but only a few countries have significant commercial 10117:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 175. 10066: 9586:

Hultman, B., Levlin, E., Plaza, E., Stark, K. (2003).

9026: 8795: 8303: 8266: 7150:(illustrated ed.). CRC Press, 1992. p. 399. 4773:

which is energy intensive. Presently, about 1,000,000

3464:

is not known. The pentachloride and pentafluoride are

2119:. White phosphorus emits a faint glow when exposed to 10595: 9640:. Electrochemical Society Proceedings. Vol. 98. 9253: 8796:

Edixhoven, J.D.; Gupta, J.; Savenije, H.H.G. (2013).

8513:"Be persuasive. Be brave. Be arrested (if necessary)" 8069: 7146:

Welford C. Roberts; William R. Hartley (1992-06-16).

6682:

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

6200:, called "WP" (slang term "Willie Peter") is used in 5542: 5180:

is dependent on knowing the total world's commercial

4331:

is the adjectival form of the P valence: so, just as

4209:

Treatment of phosphorus trihalides with alcohols and

2336:

or cluster bonding, that is the electrons are highly

2218:. Elemental phosphorus was first isolated from human 166: 152: 143: 140: 134: 13278:

Chemical elements with body-centered cubic structure

11181:

Continents to the Ocean, The Marine Phosphorus Cycle

11161:. Nlm.nih.gov (2011-11-07). Retrieved on 2011-11-19. 11159:

Phosphorus in diet: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia

11146:

Heckenmüller, M.; Narita, D.; Klepper, G. (2014). "

10976: 9573:

Sartorius, C., von Horn, J., Tettenborn, F. (2011).

8835: 8833: 8738: 8563:

Geeson, Michael B.; Cummins, Christopher C. (2020).

7034: 5730:. Soft drinks containing phosphoric acid, including 2355:

Crystalline structures of some phosphorus allotropes

2096:

15. Elemental phosphorus exists in two major forms,

11070:Diskowski, Herbert; Hofmann, Thomas. "Phosphorus". 10504:Mehanna H. M.; Moledina J.; Travis J. (June 2008). 10408: 10047: 9706:"Current EU approved additives and their E Numbers" 8446:

The White Phosphorus Matches Prohibition Act, 1908.

8012:"You Need Phosphorus to Live—and We're Running Out" 7697: 7456: 3611: 3013:, which confirmed that this element is produced in 131: 10320: 9940: 9430: 9376: 8285: 7637: 7635: 7633: 7299: 6252:Inorganic phosphorus in the form of the phosphate 5834:O) produced reacting sulfuric acid and water with 5662: 5184:reserves and resources, especially in the form of 4542:recognized phosphorus as an element in 1777 after 2742:White phosphorus exposed to air glows in the dark. 9850:Nutrient Dynamics for Sustainable Crop Production 8901:"USGS, Phosphate Rock Statistics and Information" 8830: 8748: 8746: 8333:Robert B. Heimann; Hans D. Lehmann (2015-03-10). 7907:Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 7700:"The NUBASE2016 evaluation of nuclear properties" 7335:. Switzerland: Springer. pp. 295–312 (301). 7171:Marie-Thérèse Averbuch-Pouchot; A. Durif (1996). 3644:ion, P. These compounds react with water to form 2186:Phosphorus is an element essential to sustaining 1779: = 0.43755 nm (at 20 °C) 13234: 10895:"21 USC, Chapter 13 (Controlled Substances Act)" 10843: 10841: 10555:"Calcium, Phosphorus and Human Bone Development" 10236: 10162: 9638:High Resistivity NTD Production and Applications 9116:Phosphorus a Limited Resource – Closing the Loop 9079:Rockström, J.; Steffen, K.; et al. (2009). 9078: 8426:. McGraw-Hill Professional. pp. 1486–1489. 8090:"Chemical Bonding in Higher Main Group Elements" 6923: 6921: 6160:Phosphates are used to make special glasses for 5336:deep. The guano had previously been used by the 4781:) of elemental phosphorus is produced annually. 10389: 10098:sfn error: no target: CITEREFDiskowskiHofmann ( 9880:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 9867: 8752: 8403: 8401: 8399: 8351: 8028:Klein, Cornelis and Cornelius S. Hurlbut, Jr., 7630: 5502: 5486:of the sewage sludge or from other products of 5293: 4890:Side products from the thermal process include 4660:submerged-arc furnace for phosphorus production 1735: = 1.869 nm (at 20 °C) 11234:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 11073:Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 10364: 10278: 9120:USGS Phosphate Rock Statistics and Information 8974:Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 8743: 8734: 8732: 8701:. New York: D. Appleton & Co. p. 411. 8384: 8267:Baccini, Peter; Paul H. Brunner (2012-02-10). 8087: 7831: 7431: 7406: 7006: 7004: 6889: 6854: 6676:(OSHA) has set the phosphorus exposure limit ( 6296:. Biochemists commonly use the abbreviation "P 5507:The above routes refer to "production" in the 4829:product, being volatile, is readily isolated: 4303:in Ancient Greece was the name for the planet 1352:violet: 893 K (620 °C, 1148 °F) 12653: 11350: 11306:Albright & Wilson. The Last 50 years 10838: 10817: 10497: 10477:Bernhardt, Nancy E.; Kasko, Artur M. (2008). 9551:"Sewage Industry Fights Phosphorus Pollution" 9498: 9237:Mass and Composition of the Continental Crust 8842:"Soil and human security in the 21st century" 8789: 8562: 8372: 8224:"Experts Warn of Impending Phosphorus Crisis" 7945: 7360: 7358: 7356: 7354: 7352: 7297: 7218: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7095: 6962:(86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. 6918: 6674:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 6038:Phosphorus is also an important component in 5845:and the greatest industrial use of elemental 5005:When ignited to a white heat (~1300 °C) with 4158: 4066:. For example, compounds of the formula (PNCl 3446:geometry when molten or in the vapour phase. 2961:Occupational Safety and Health Administration 2055: 1262: 11165: 11069: 11024: 10862: 10137: 10093: 9934: 9635: 9247: 9022: 9020: 8971: 8895: 8893: 8891: 8396: 8390: 8042: 7981:"Phosphate Rock: Statistics and Information" 7562: 7412: 7364: 7210: 7208: 7206: 7204: 7202: 7200: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7192: 7058: 7056: 6708:, which is a reagent effective for reducing 6498:for plants, which is studied extensively in 4347:) and P valence phosphoric compounds (e.g., 3632: 3051: 3029:could be up to 100 times higher than in the 3009:In 2013, astronomers detected phosphorus in 2502:Properties of some allotropes of phosphorus 2194:, compounds containing the phosphate ion, PO 1670: 11025:Cordell, Dana; White, Stuart (2011-10-24). 10314: 9664:Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 9005: 9003: 8761:International Fertilizer Development Center 8756:World Phosphate Rock Reserves and Resources 8729: 8314: 8218: 8216: 7567:(2 ed.). CRC Press, 2003. p. 11. 7035:A. Holleman; N. Wiberg (1985). "XV 2.1.3". 7001: 6952: 6932:. Materials Park, Ohio: ASM International. 5204:International Fertilizer Development Center 3426:is a colourless gas and the molecules have 2130: 2124: 2123:—hence a name, taken from Greek mythology, 12660: 12646: 11357: 11343: 10301: 9301: 9299: 8694: 8337:. John Wiley & Sons, 2015. p. 4. 7691: 7678: 7676: 7652: 7349: 7016:Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences 6530: 6171:) is used in the production of fine china. 5966:Manufacturing of additives and pesticides 5621: 4042:decomposition at 1100 K. Similarly, H 2415:relative orientations of the constituent P 2062: 2048: 1897: 1890: 1760: 1726: 184:white, red, violet, black and others (see 36:Chemical element with atomic number 15 (P) 11259: 11052: 11042: 10963: 10572: 10529: 10480:Nutrition for the Middle Aged and Elderly 10444: 10429:"Enzymatic Synthesis of Acetyl Phosphate" 10239:"A history of the match industry. Part 9" 10213: 10081: 10020:"Managing Phosphorus for Crop Production" 9917: 9899: 9873: 9820: 9777: 9708:. Foods Standards Agency. 14 March 2012. 9533: 9456: 9454: 9130: 9128: 9099: 9055: 9017: 8919: 8905:Phosphate Rock Statistics and Information 8888: 8821: 8641: 8588: 8536: 8407: 8378: 8320: 8310:. Rich. Griffin and Company. p. 416. 8075: 8048: 7928: 7918: 7845: 7753: 7733: 7386:. Academic Press. pp. 683–684, 689. 7375: 7373: 7293: 7291: 7289: 7189: 7148:Drinking Water Health Advisory: Munitions 7053: 6927: 5596: 5577: 5560: 5405: 4113:When the chloride groups are replaced by 3678:) are structural analogues of ammonia (NH 2320:molecules. The nature of bonding in this 12667: 10710:Dietary Supplement Label Database (DSLD) 10589: 10552: 10285:Archives of the Public Health Laboratory 9759: 9000: 8510: 8478: 8476: 8335:Bioceramic Coatings for Medical Implants 8244:The Story of Alchemy and Early Chemistry 8241: 8213: 8009: 7886: 7105:Journal of the American Chemical Society 6857:Journal of the American Chemical Society 6795: 6690:immediately dangerous to life and health 6597: 6470: 6363: 6065: 6033: 5998:White phosphorus is widely used to make 5356: 5167: 5143: 5044: 4730: 4523: 4358: 3615: 3189: 2737: 12457: 11196:Sommers, Michael A. (2007-08-15). 11195: 11150:". Kiel Working Paper no. 1897. 10681: 10426: 10230: 9992:United States Department of Agriculture 9846: 9794: 9698: 9404:Heckenmüller, Narita & Klepper 2014 9305: 9296: 7682: 7673: 7432:Hammond, C. R. (2000). "The Elements". 7030: 7028: 6695: 4381:, Brand attempted to create the fabled 3496:), which is approximately tetrahedral. 3088:. 85% of Earth's known reserves are in 14: 13235: 12511: 12340: 12045: 11303: 11174: 11157: 11117: 11098: 10917: 10764: 10762: 10734: 10677:, European Food Safety Authority, 2006 10414: 10321:Alexander P. Hardt (2001). "Matches". 10163:Joseph R. Davisz, ed. (January 2001). 9842: 9840: 9610: 9460: 9451: 9374: 9368: 9348: 9125: 8605: 8565:"Let's Make White Phosphorus Obsolete" 8413: 8291: 8204: 7641: 7427: 7425: 7423: 7421: 7370: 7330: 7286: 7068: 6985:CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 6026:, extraction agents, nerve agents and 5826:), and calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 5476:enhanced biological phosphorus removal 5073:is a key ingredient in many inorganic 3453:is an unstable solid formulated as PBr 12641: 12565: 12529: 12520: 12430: 12412: 12403: 11338: 11264:. Oldbury: Albright & Wilson Ltd. 11166:Parkes, G. D.; Mellor, J. W. (1939). 10938: 9548: 9504: 9428: 9422: 8965: 8932:Resources, Conservation and Recycling 8558: 8556: 8482: 8473: 8246:. New York: Dover. pp. 418–419. 8169: 8005: 8003: 8001: 7999: 7997: 7893:Rivilla, V. M.; Drozdovskaya, M. N.; 7450: 7175:. World Scientific, 1996. p. 3. 6982: 6956:CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 6785:"Standard Atomic Weights: Phosphorus" 5919:Manufacture of phosphate fertilisers 5474:Sewage treatment plants that have an 5353:Phosphorus conservation and recycling 5281:Phosphate mining in the United States 5164:Estimates of world phosphate reserves 4519: 4139:is used in strike-anywhere matches. P 3305: 2008: 2005: 1983: 1978: 1966: 1963: 12574: 12502: 12475: 12448: 12108: 12090: 12063: 11894: 11885: 10887: 10291:. Manchester University Press: 1–21. 9760:Moynihan, P. J. (23 November 2002). 8198: 7973: 7565:Synthesis of Carbon-Phosphorus Bonds 7025: 7020:A Source Book in Chemistry 1400–1900 6660:seen as luminescent spots. Promptly 6222:M34 White Phosphorus US hand grenade 5773:, containing as much as 70% to 75% P 4909: 4678:over Britain (hydrogen being highly 2929:The high-energy beta particles from 2733: 12583: 12556: 12547: 12394: 12376: 12367: 12358: 12144: 12054: 12027: 11975: 11921: 11903: 11867: 11847: 11786: 11723: 11624: 11606: 11595: 11514: 11268: 11168:Mellor's Modern Inorganic Chemistry 10939:Burns, Melinda (10 February 2010). 10759: 10390:David A. Atwood, ed. (2013-02-19). 9837: 9762:"Dietary advice in dental practice" 9712:from the original on 21 August 2013 8753:Van Kauwenbergh, Steven J. (2010). 8614:Journal of Environmental Management 8423:Goldfrank's toxicologic emergencies 8357: 8060: 7951: 7418: 6300:" to refer to inorganic phosphate. 6284:, a key regulatory event in cells. 6264:is required for all known forms of 6220:. It is also a part of an obsolete 5993: 5176:The accurate determination of peak 4707:of the bones of the jaw, known as " 3608:without the terminal oxide groups. 3060:, usually as phosphates. Inorganic 2214:, complex compounds fundamental to 1535: 1458: 24: 12538: 12439: 12322: 12304: 12279: 12270: 12243: 12216: 12171: 12153: 12081: 12072: 11966: 11838: 11804: 11714: 11696: 11687: 11667: 11642: 11364: 11297: 10910: 10167:. ASM International. p. 181. 9742:from the original on 2 August 2021 9636:Schmidt, P. E.; Vedde, J. (1998). 9615:. Wiley-Interscience. p. 32. 9600:http://nrl.mit.edu/facilities/ntds 8739:Cordell, Drangert & White 2009 8553: 8222:Schmundt, Hilmar (21 April 2010), 8010:Philpott, Tom (March–April 2013). 7994: 6241: 6138: 5902:Animal food additive, toothpowder 5690: 5650: 5604: 5588: 5585: 5556: 5553: 5040: 4763: 4076:exist mainly as rings such as the 3510: 3488:. The most important oxyhalide is 2250: 1631:3rd: 2914.1 kJ/mol 1625:1st: 1011.8 kJ/mol 1410:white: 23.824 J/(mol·K) 25: 13294: 12493: 12484: 12466: 12421: 12331: 12261: 12234: 12207: 12189: 12180: 12162: 12135: 12117: 12099: 12009: 11939: 11912: 11876: 11822: 11813: 11795: 11777: 11705: 11676: 11615: 11561: 11543: 11505: 11478: 10048:Jessica Elzea Kogel, ed. (2006). 9375:Pollan, Michael (11 April 2006). 8511:Grantham, Jeremy (Nov 12, 2012). 8032:, Wiley, 1985, 20th ed., p. 360, 7655:The Journal of Physical Chemistry 7434:Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 7037:Lehrbuch der Anorganischen Chemie 4629: 3674:) and its organic derivatives (PR 3143:and (in the latter 19th century) 12385: 12349: 12313: 12198: 12126: 12036: 12018: 11948: 11930: 11858: 11759: 11750: 11741: 11586: 11489: 10811: 10787: 10739: 10728: 10698: 10662: 10645: 10546: 10483:. Nova Publishers. p. 171. 10470: 10453: 10420: 10392:Radionuclides in the Environment 10383: 10358: 10295: 10272: 10181: 10156: 10131: 10106: 10041: 10012: 9977: 9753: 9724: 9654: 9629: 9611:Baliga, B. Jayant (1987-03-10). 9604: 9593: 9580: 9567: 9542: 9509: 8271:. MIT Press, 2012. p. 288. 8269:Metabolism of the Anthroposphere 6753: 6700:Phosphorus can reduce elemental 6502:to understand plant uptake from 6154: 5781:. That led to large increase in 5698: 5469: 5434: 5274: 4690:made of phosphorus dissolved in 4397:("miraculous bearer of light"). 3612:Phosphorus(I) and phosphorus(II) 3185: 2888:-emitter (1.71 MeV) with a 2400: 2388: 2374: 2362: 2332:tetrahedron can be described by 2198:. Phosphates are a component of 2159:. Phosphorus is classified as a 2035: 2034: 1628:2nd: 1907 kJ/mol 1503: 1426: 127: 101: 87: 73: 61: 12288: 11993: 11984: 11651: 11633: 11552: 11534: 11269:Toy, Arthur D. F. (1975). 11118:Emsley, John (7 January 2002). 11002:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.10.009 10394:. John Wiley & Sons, 2013. 10367:Special Warfare Special Weapons 9549:Tweed, Katherine (2009-11-01). 9479: 9409: 9342: 9282:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.04.004 9229: 9218: 9206: 9172: 9108: 9072: 8952:10.1016/j.resconrec.2014.10.011 8705: 8688: 8667: 8658: 8504: 8449: 8440: 8363: 8326: 8304:Thomson, Robert Dundas (1870). 8297: 8260: 8235: 8163: 8146: 8129: 8081: 8054: 8022: 7825: 7794: 7646: 7619:from the original on 2009-02-21 7601: 7581: 7556: 7520: 7485: 7324: 7233: 7164: 7139: 7012:Memoir on Combustion in General 6766: 6722:Drug Enforcement Administration 6581: 6054:resistance than normal copper. 5685: 5200:United States Geological Survey 5104:(including reserves located in 4666:, it was used in incendiaries, 4649: 4349:phosphoric acids and phosphates 3624:, a derivative of phosphorus(I) 3503:orbitals. Computer modeling of 3277: 3245: 1789:white: 0.236 W/(m⋅K) 12252: 12225: 11768: 11732: 11570: 11525: 11260:Threlfall, Richard E. (1951). 10820:Forensic Science International 9874:Carpenter, Stephen R. (2005). 7772:10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.062502 6976: 6946: 6883: 6848: 6831: 6777: 6593: 6560:European Food Safety Authority 6541:Recommended Dietary Allowances 6368:The main component of bone is 5884:Baking powder and fertilisers 5654: 5622: 5592: 5573: 5561: 4746: 3748:, are particularly important. 3194:The tetrahedral structure of P 3036:In 2020, astronomers analysed 2129:meaning 'light-bearer' (Latin 1822: cm/mol (293 K) 1791:black: 12.1 W/(m⋅K) 1612:Pauling scale: 2.19 13: 1: 11957: 11243:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3 11222:: CS1 maint: date and year ( 10553:Anderson, John J. B. (1996). 10446:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)43172-9 10246:Journal of Chemical Education 9461:Skaggs, Jimmy M. (May 1995). 8698:Manual of chemical technology 8634:10.1016/j.jenvman.2009.03.007 8172:Journal of Chemical Education 7727:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001 7173:Topics in Phosphate Chemistry 7039:(33rd ed.). de Gruyter. 7022:(New York: McGraw Hill, 1952) 6771: 6549:tolerable upper intake levels 6042:production, in the making of 6006:and two phosphorus sulfides, 5745: 5139: 4726: 3570:is toxic because it binds to 3181:Category:Phosphorus compounds 3064:, which is partially made of 2993: 2857:and high abundance of P make 2255: 1811:Molar magnetic susceptibility 1400:white: 51.9 kJ/mol 1374:violet: 2.36 g/cm 10832:10.1016/0379-0738(90)90104-7 10574:10.1093/jn/126.suppl_4.1153S 10369:. Chicago: Emperor's Press. 7436:(81st ed.). CRC press. 6525: 6056:Phosphate conversion coating 5503:Neutron transmutation doping 5294:Exhaustion of guano reserves 4922:in bone ash is converted to 4735:Mining of phosphate rock in 4354: 4294: 4249:Similar reactions occur for 3166: 2820:of phosphorus, ranging from 1769: = 0.33137 nm 7: 11272:The Chemistry of Phosphorus 10982:Global Environmental Change 10304:International Labour Review 10138:Mel Schwartz (2016-07-06). 9808:Annals of Internal Medicine 9437:. Oxford University Press. 9262:Global Environmental Change 8695:Von Wagner, Rudolf (1897). 8483:Lewis, Leo (23 June 2008). 7563:Robert Engel (2003-12-18). 7494:Journal of Chemical Physics 6928:Arblaster, John W. (2018). 6735: 6564:Population Reference Intake 6494:Phosphorus is an essential 6292:salts assist in stiffening 5949:Manufacture of plasticiser 5703:Phosphorus is an essential 5369: 4318:Phosphorus-the-morning-star 4120: 4062:PN oligomerise into cyclic 4033: 3726: 3707:. The highly flammable gas 3177:Category:Phosphate minerals 3070:US Geological Survey (USGS) 3025:ratio in material from the 3004: 3000:Category:Phosphate minerals 2805: 2498:dissociates into atomic P. 2104:, but because it is highly 1871:Recognised as an element by 1801:white, red, violet, black: 1774: = 1.0477 nm 1376:black: 2.69 g/cm 29:Phosphorus (disambiguation) 10: 13299: 11856: 11685: 11604: 11523: 11487: 11389: 10052:. SME, 2006. p. 964. 9676:10.1007/s11998-022-00685-z 8759:. Muscle Shoals, AL, USA: 8581:10.1021/acscentsci.0c00332 8097:Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl 6809:Pure and Applied Chemistry 6726:List I precursor chemicals 6686:Recommended exposure limit 6678:Permissible exposure limit 6610:are among the most potent 6537:U.S. Institute of Medicine 6245: 6073: 6061: 6000:organophosphorus compounds 5755: 5749: 5438: 5297: 5278: 4599:mixed with ground coal or 4289: 4165:organophosphorus compounds 4162: 4159:Organophosphorus compounds 4124: 3170: 2997: 2809: 2259: 2233:organophosphorus compounds 1239:group 15 (pnictogens) 600: 468: 408: 348: 323: 26: 13041: 12675: 12599: 12299: 12004: 11833: 11662: 11581: 11500: 11473: 11466: 11461: 11456: 11451: 11446: 11441: 11436: 11431: 11426: 11421: 11416: 11411: 11406: 11401: 11396: 11391: 11384: 11379: 11372: 11308:. Studley: Brewin Books. 11170:. Longman's Green and Co. 11124:. John Wiley & Sons. 10237:Crass, M. F. Jr. (1941). 9853:. Springer. p. 217. 7479:10.1107/S0365110X65004140 6553:Dietary Reference Intakes 6506:systems. Phosphorus is a 5707:for humans listed in the 5156:. Phosphorus, as part of 4443:Ambrose Godfrey-Hanckwitz 3633:Phosphides and phosphines 3092:with smaller deposits in 3052:Crust and organic sources 3019:supernova nucleosynthesis 2125: 2033: 2029: 2002: 1973: 1960: 1919: 1916: 1912: 1908: 1881: 1870: 1855: 1850: 1838: 1826: 1809: 1795: 1783: 1755: 1739: 1719: 1701: 1691: 1686: 1669: 1659: 1645: 1616: 1606: 1575: 1570: 1493: 1414: 1404: 1394: 1380: 1372:red: ≈2.2–2.34 g/cm 1356: 1344: 1334: 1318: 1298: 1293: 1285: 1271: 1256: 1244: 1232: 1213: 1190: 303: 295: 291: 280: 273: 269: 265: 220: 204: 200: 192: 178: 122: 117: 50: 13283:Peak resource production 11082:10.1002/14356007.a19_505 10918:Beatty, Richard (2000). 10567:(4 Suppl): 1153S–1158S. 10165:Copper and Copper Alloys 9522:Journal of Water Science 9248:Cordell & White 2011 8391:Parkes & Mellor 1939 8242:Stillman, J. M. (1960). 7748:(6): 062502–1–062502–6. 7413:Parkes & Mellor 1939 7365:Parkes & Mellor 1939 7089:10.1002/cber.19971300911 6747: 6106:phosphorus sesquisulfide 6012:phosphorus sesquisulfide 5709:Dietary Reference Intake 4307:and is derived from the 3522:, the yellowish liquids 3505:molecular orbital theory 3422:are common compounds. PF 3135:Organic sources, namely 2262:Allotropes of phosphorus 186:Allotropes of phosphorus 11237:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 11076:. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. 10365:Dockery, Kevin (1997). 10279:Oliver, Thomas (1906). 10094:Diskowski & Hofmann 9955:10.1126/science.1167755 9901:10.1073/pnas.0503959102 9214:Phosphorus Soil Samples 9212:U.S. Geological Survey 9101:10.5751/ES-03180-140232 8858:10.1126/science.1261071 8675:"ERCO and Long Harbour" 8088:Kutzelnigg, W. (1984). 7952:ESO (15 January 2020). 7864:10.1126/science.1243823 7742:Physical Review Letters 7302:Semiconductor materials 7264:10.1126/science.1129630 6843:Encyclopædia Britannica 6641:". White phosphorus is 6531:Dietary recommendations 6188:sodium tripolyphosphate 6144:Sodium tripolyphosphate 6050:) alloys with a higher 6008:phosphorus pentasulfide 5809:Therefore, the natural 5734:, are sometimes called 5524:semiconductor detectors 5488:sewage sludge treatment 5385:sewage treatment plants 4918:. In this process, the 4713:Berne Convention (1906) 4646:" fertiliser products. 4550:, in 1769, showed that 4213:gives phosphites, e.g. 3334:sodium tripolyphosphate 2266:Phosphorus has several 10924:. Marshall Cavendish. 9779:10.1038/sj.bdj.4801628 9766:British Dental Journal 9465:. St. Martin's Press. 9415:US Geological Survey, 9114:Arno Rosemarin (2016) 9057:10.5194/esd-5-491-2014 8823:10.5194/esd-5-491-2014 8109:10.1002/anie.198402721 7298:Berger, L. I. (1996). 6983:Weast, Robert (1984). 6603: 6576:Reference Daily Intake 6278:adenosine triphosphate 6071: 6052:hydrogen embrittlement 5664: 5406:Agricultural practices 5366: 5315:Alexander von Humboldt 5173: 5149: 5050: 4739: 4536: 4531:mining in the Central 4366: 4251:phosphorus oxychloride 4111: 3963:tripolyphosphoric acid 3625: 3490:phosphorus oxychloride 3210: 3044:data from the massive 2812:Isotopes of phosphorus 2743: 2131: 1883:Isotopes of phosphorus 1834:red: 11 GPa 1707:α-white: 1675: 1273:Electron configuration 206:Standard atomic weight 11304:Podger, Hugh (2002). 11152:Accessed 11 May 2020. 11103:. London: MacMillan. 11099:Emsley, John (2000). 10597:Institute of Medicine 9429:Leigh, G. J. (2004). 9225:Abundance of Elements 9036:Earth System Dynamics 8802:Earth System Dynamics 7930:10.1093/mnras/stz3336 7306:. CRC Press. p. 6817:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 6601: 6471:Phosphorus deficiency 6364:Bone and teeth enamel 6236:n-type semiconductors 6180:monocalcium phosphate 6069: 6034:Metallurgical aspects 6002:through intermediate 5855:Widely used compounds 5665: 5431:fertilizing methods. 5360: 5279:Further information: 5171: 5147: 5048: 4924:monocalcium phosphate 4771:submerged-arc furnace 4734: 4639:James Burgess Readman 4527: 4362: 4085: 4081:hexachlorophosphazene 3619: 3578:Phosphorus(III) oxide 3338:condensation reaction 3193: 2959:. For these reasons, 2782:Since its discovery, 2741: 2482:at 1100 K gives 2476:Thermal decomposition 2334:spherical aromaticity 2137:), referring to the " 1674: 1586:, −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, 13263:Polyatomic nonmetals 12669:Phosphorus compounds 10941:"The Story of P(ee)" 10776:on November 22, 2005 10735:"Phosphorus in diet" 10560:Journal of Nutrition 10427:Lipmann, D. (1944). 10024:Penn State Extension 9847:Etesami, H. (2019). 9613:Modern Power Devices 9013:. 22 September 2010. 8763:(IFDC). p. 60. 8030:Manual of Mineralogy 6696:US DEA List I status 6602:Phosphorus explosion 6194:, and in toothpaste. 6004:phosphorus chlorides 5801:(overenrichment) of 5540: 5306:Garcilaso de la Vega 5193:phosphorus pentoxide 5154:planetary boundaries 4920:tricalcium phosphate 4894:, a crude form of Fe 4548:Carl Wilhelm Scheele 4395:phosphorus mirabilis 3926:polyphosphoric acids 3904: = 3,4,6) 3891:metaphosphoric acids 3834:metaphosphorous acid 3785:hypophosphorous acid 3738:hypophosphorous acid 3719:) is an analogue of 3444:trigonal bipyramidal 3428:trigonal bipyramidal 3381:Phosphorus pentoxide 3151:, using methods for 3120:in the UK and their 3021:. The phosphorus-to- 2866:radioactive isotopes 2685:van der Waals forces 2683:molecules linked by 2441:phosphorus pentoxide 2041:Category: Phosphorus 1844:7723-14-0 (red) 1785:Thermal conductivity 1743:black: 1661:Van der Waals radius 1495:Vapour pressure 1417:Vapour pressure 1396:Heat of vaporisation 18:Phosphorus compounds 10994:2009GEC....19..292C 10849:"66 FR 52670—52675" 10258:1941JChEd..18..428C 10206:10.1136/oem.19.2.83 9949:(5917): 1014–1015. 9892:2005PNAS..10210002C 9886:(29): 10002–10005. 9736:www.coca-cola.co.uk 9555:Scientific American 9349:Ahokas, K. (2015). 9274:2010GEC....20..428V 9194:on 14 February 2019 9088:Ecology and Society 9048:2014ESD.....5..491E 8944:2014RCR....93..178W 8814:2014ESD.....5..491E 8626:2009JEnvM..90.2377T 8569:ACS Central Science 8529:2012Natur.491..303G 8184:1932JChEd...9...11W 7856:2013Sci...342.1346K 7764:2019PhRvL.122f2502N 7719:2017ChPhC..41c0001A 7667:10.1021/j100561a021 7506:1979JChPh..71.1718C 7471:1965AcCry..19..684B 7383:Inorganic chemistry 7256:2006Sci...313.1276P 6892:Inorganic Chemistry 6742:Hubbert peak theory 6518:sometimes leads to 6129:Armstrong's mixture 5932:Manufacture of POCl 5793:, the expansion of 5100:. The top five are 4544:Johan Gottlieb Gahn 4383:philosopher's stone 3993:pyrophosphoric acid 3940: = 1-6) 3863:hypophosphoric acid 3468:. With fluoride, PF 3118:Albright and Wilson 3046:star-forming region 2940:penetrate skin and 2816:There are 22 known 2503: 1618:Ionisation energies 1406:Molar heat capacity 1294:Physical properties 1286:Electrons per shell 287:5.2 (silicon = 100) 94:Dark red and violet 55:Forms of phosphorus 47: 13258:Reactive nonmetals 11323:Kolbert, Elizabeth 11187:July 13, 2011, at 11175:Ruttenberg, K. C. 9985:"Soil Phosphorous" 9491:2010-12-23 at the 8410:, pp. 167–185 8393:, p. 718–720. 7415:, pp. 721–722 7077:Chemische Berichte 6684:(NIOSH) has set a 6650:copper(II) sulfate 6604: 6481:refeeding syndrome 6374:Water fluoridation 6248:Calcium metabolism 6212:as smoke pots and 6121:potassium chlorate 6086:potassium chlorate 6072: 5803:aquatic ecosystems 5660: 5528:neutron absorption 5367: 5361:Phosphate mine on 5310:Comentarios Reales 5174: 5150: 5134:timing of peak oil 5051: 4904:water fluoridation 4853:+ 30 CO + 18 CaSiO 4740: 4537: 4520:Bone ash and guano 4367: 4255:triphenylphosphate 4215:triphenylphosphite 4175:triphenylphosphine 4127:phosphorus sulfide 4040:phosphorus nitride 3626: 3211: 3173:Phosphorus halides 3126:Îles du Connétable 3017:as a byproduct of 2900:, e.g. for use in 2744: 2501: 1846:12185-10-3 (white) 1709:body-centred cubic 1692:Natural occurrence 1682: 1676: 1324:white: 317.3 1197: 1180: 296:Phosphorus in the 39: 13273:Pyrotechnic fuels 13248:Chemical elements 13230: 13229: 12635: 12634: 12628: 12627: 12594: 12593: 11282:978-1-4831-4741-3 11209:978-1-4042-1960-1 11131:978-0-471-44149-6 11044:10.3390/su3102027 11037:(10): 2027–2049. 10951:on 7 January 2012 10851:. 17 October 2001 10622:978-0-309-06403-3 10490:978-1-60456-146-3 10401:978-1-118-63269-7 10266:10.1021/ed018p428 10149:978-1-138-03206-4 10124:978-94-007-7250-2 9860:978-981-13-8660-2 9535:10.7202/1006477ar 9472:978-0-312-12339-0 9444:978-0-19-516582-1 9390:978-1-59420-082-3 9383:. Penguin Press. 9314:(7265): 716–718. 9151:978-1-906698-40-9 8986:10.1002/jsfa.4650 8852:(6235): 1261071. 8777:on 19 August 2018 8770:978-0-88090-167-3 8381:, pp. 81–101 8344:978-3-527-68400-7 8278:978-0-262-30054-4 7707:Chinese Physics C 7661:(20): 2240–2242. 7542:10.1021/ic062192q 7393:978-0-12-352651-9 7342:978-3-319-26077-8 7117:10.1021/ja102580d 7111:(24): 8459–8465. 6939:978-1-62708-155-9 6904:10.1021/ic060186o 6869:10.1021/ja807828t 6290:Calcium phosphate 6218:tracer ammunition 6169:calcium phosphate 6167:Bone-ash (mostly 6133:Gustaf Erik Pasch 5991: 5990: 5836:calcium phosphate 5674:(most commonly a 5422:, and the use of 4910:Historical routes 4783:Calcium phosphate 4688:Molotov cocktails 4684:World War II 4624:Guano Islands Act 4552:calcium phosphate 4540:Antoine Lavoisier 4432: 4031: 4030: 3814:(phosphonic acid) 3684:calcium phosphide 3600:is like that of P 3442:, but adopts the 3116:, and elsewhere. 3027:supernova remnant 3011:Cassiopeia A 2859:phosphorus-31 NMR 2800:chemiluminescence 2753:partial pressures 2734:Chemiluminescence 2695:Violet phosphorus 2670: 2669: 2157:chemiluminescence 2076: 2075: 2025: 2024: 1875:Antoine Lavoisier 1797:Magnetic ordering 1756:Lattice constants 1740:Crystal structure 1703:Crystal structure 1677: 1665:180 pm 1608:Electronegativity 1571:Atomic properties 1565: 1564: 1488: 1487: 1386:white: 0.66 1370:white: 1.823 g/cm 1346:Sublimation point 1209: 1208: 1205: 1204: 1195: 1178: 1168: 1167: 894:Mercury (element) 281:in the 41:Phosphorus, 16:(Redirected from 13290: 13268:Dietary minerals 13033: 12983: 12973: 12946: 12921: 12906: 12896: 12885: 12875: 12846: 12835: 12714: 12662: 12655: 12648: 12639: 12638: 12604: 12603: 12590: 12588: 12581: 12579: 12572: 12570: 12563: 12561: 12554: 12552: 12545: 12543: 12536: 12534: 12527: 12525: 12518: 12516: 12509: 12507: 12500: 12498: 12491: 12489: 12482: 12480: 12473: 12471: 12464: 12462: 12455: 12453: 12446: 12444: 12437: 12435: 12428: 12426: 12419: 12417: 12410: 12408: 12401: 12399: 12392: 12390: 12383: 12381: 12374: 12372: 12365: 12363: 12356: 12354: 12347: 12345: 12338: 12336: 12329: 12327: 12320: 12318: 12311: 12309: 12295: 12293: 12286: 12284: 12277: 12275: 12268: 12266: 12259: 12257: 12250: 12248: 12241: 12239: 12232: 12230: 12223: 12221: 12214: 12212: 12205: 12203: 12196: 12194: 12187: 12185: 12178: 12176: 12169: 12167: 12160: 12158: 12151: 12149: 12142: 12140: 12133: 12131: 12124: 12122: 12115: 12113: 12106: 12104: 12097: 12095: 12088: 12086: 12079: 12077: 12070: 12068: 12061: 12059: 12052: 12050: 12043: 12041: 12034: 12032: 12025: 12023: 12016: 12014: 12000: 11998: 11991: 11989: 11982: 11980: 11973: 11971: 11964: 11962: 11955: 11953: 11946: 11944: 11937: 11935: 11928: 11926: 11919: 11917: 11910: 11908: 11901: 11899: 11892: 11890: 11883: 11881: 11874: 11872: 11865: 11863: 11854: 11852: 11845: 11843: 11829: 11827: 11820: 11818: 11811: 11809: 11802: 11800: 11793: 11791: 11784: 11782: 11775: 11773: 11766: 11764: 11757: 11755: 11748: 11746: 11739: 11737: 11730: 11728: 11721: 11719: 11712: 11710: 11703: 11701: 11694: 11692: 11683: 11681: 11674: 11672: 11658: 11656: 11649: 11647: 11640: 11638: 11631: 11629: 11622: 11620: 11613: 11611: 11602: 11600: 11593: 11591: 11577: 11575: 11568: 11566: 11559: 11557: 11550: 11548: 11541: 11539: 11532: 11530: 11521: 11519: 11512: 11510: 11496: 11494: 11485: 11483: 11375: 11359: 11352: 11345: 11336: 11335: 11319: 11292: 11290: 11289: 11265: 11256: 11227: 11221: 11213: 11192: 11171: 11162: 11154: 11153: 11142: 11140: 11138: 11114: 11095: 11066: 11056: 11046: 11021: 10973: 10960: 10958: 10956: 10947:. Archived from 10935: 10905: 10904: 10902: 10901: 10891: 10885: 10884: 10882: 10881: 10872:. Archived from 10866: 10860: 10859: 10857: 10856: 10845: 10836: 10835: 10815: 10809: 10808: 10806: 10805: 10791: 10785: 10784: 10782: 10781: 10772:. Archived from 10766: 10757: 10756: 10754: 10753: 10743: 10737: 10732: 10726: 10725: 10723: 10721: 10712:. Archived from 10702: 10696: 10695: 10693: 10685: 10679: 10678: 10676: 10666: 10660: 10659: 10657: 10649: 10643: 10642: 10593: 10587: 10586: 10576: 10550: 10544: 10543: 10533: 10522:10.1136/bmj.a301 10516:(7659): 1495–8. 10501: 10495: 10494: 10474: 10468: 10457: 10451: 10450: 10448: 10424: 10418: 10412: 10406: 10405: 10387: 10381: 10380: 10362: 10356: 10355: 10343: 10337: 10336: 10318: 10312: 10311: 10299: 10293: 10292: 10276: 10270: 10269: 10243: 10234: 10228: 10227: 10217: 10185: 10179: 10178: 10160: 10154: 10153: 10135: 10129: 10128: 10110: 10104: 10103: 10091: 10085: 10079: 10064: 10063: 10045: 10039: 10038: 10036: 10035: 10026:. Archived from 10016: 10010: 10009: 10007: 10006: 10000: 9994:. Archived from 9989: 9981: 9975: 9974: 9938: 9932: 9931: 9921: 9903: 9871: 9865: 9864: 9844: 9835: 9834: 9824: 9822:10.7326/M13-2908 9798: 9792: 9791: 9781: 9757: 9751: 9750: 9748: 9747: 9728: 9722: 9721: 9719: 9717: 9702: 9696: 9695: 9658: 9652: 9651: 9633: 9627: 9626: 9608: 9602: 9597: 9591: 9584: 9578: 9571: 9565: 9564: 9562: 9561: 9546: 9540: 9539: 9537: 9513: 9507: 9502: 9496: 9483: 9477: 9476: 9458: 9449: 9448: 9436: 9426: 9420: 9413: 9407: 9401: 9395: 9394: 9382: 9372: 9366: 9365: 9363: 9362: 9353:. Archived from 9346: 9340: 9339: 9303: 9294: 9293: 9257: 9251: 9245: 9239: 9233: 9227: 9222: 9216: 9210: 9204: 9203: 9201: 9199: 9193: 9186: 9176: 9170: 9169: 9167: 9166: 9160: 9154:. Archived from 9143: 9132: 9123: 9112: 9106: 9105: 9103: 9085: 9076: 9070: 9069: 9059: 9033: 9024: 9015: 9014: 9007: 8998: 8997: 8969: 8963: 8962: 8960: 8958: 8923: 8917: 8916: 8914: 8912: 8897: 8886: 8885: 8837: 8828: 8827: 8825: 8793: 8787: 8786: 8784: 8782: 8773:. Archived from 8750: 8741: 8736: 8727: 8726: 8724: 8723: 8709: 8703: 8702: 8692: 8686: 8685: 8683: 8682: 8671: 8665: 8662: 8656: 8655: 8645: 8620:(8): 2377–2386. 8609: 8603: 8602: 8592: 8560: 8551: 8550: 8540: 8508: 8502: 8501: 8500:on 23 July 2011. 8496:. Archived from 8489: 8480: 8471: 8470: 8468: 8467: 8461: 8457:"Phosphate Rock" 8453: 8447: 8444: 8438: 8437: 8417: 8411: 8405: 8394: 8388: 8382: 8376: 8370: 8369:US patent 417943 8367: 8361: 8355: 8349: 8348: 8330: 8324: 8323:, pp. 49–66 8318: 8312: 8311: 8301: 8295: 8289: 8283: 8282: 8264: 8258: 8257: 8239: 8233: 8220: 8211: 8202: 8196: 8195: 8192:10.1021/ed009p11 8167: 8161: 8150: 8144: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8124: 8123: 8117: 8111:. Archived from 8094: 8085: 8079: 8073: 8067: 8058: 8052: 8046: 8040: 8026: 8020: 8019: 8007: 7992: 7991: 7989: 7988: 7977: 7971: 7970: 7968: 7966: 7949: 7943: 7942: 7932: 7922: 7890: 7884: 7883: 7849: 7840:(6164): 1346–8. 7829: 7823: 7822: 7820: 7819: 7813: 7806: 7798: 7792: 7791: 7757: 7737: 7731: 7730: 7704: 7695: 7689: 7680: 7671: 7670: 7650: 7644: 7639: 7628: 7627: 7625: 7624: 7605: 7599: 7598: 7596: 7595: 7585: 7579: 7578: 7560: 7554: 7553: 7524: 7518: 7517: 7514:10.1063/1.438523 7500:(4): 1718–1721. 7489: 7483: 7482: 7459:Acta Crystallogr 7454: 7448: 7447: 7429: 7416: 7410: 7404: 7403: 7401: 7400: 7377: 7368: 7362: 7347: 7346: 7328: 7322: 7321: 7305: 7295: 7284: 7283: 7250:(5791): 1276–9. 7237: 7231: 7220: 7187: 7186: 7168: 7162: 7161: 7143: 7137: 7136: 7099: 7093: 7092: 7083:(9): 1235–1240. 7072: 7066: 7060: 7051: 7050: 7032: 7023: 7008: 6999: 6998: 6980: 6974: 6973: 6961: 6950: 6944: 6943: 6925: 6916: 6915: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6852: 6846: 6835: 6829: 6828: 6799: 6793: 6792: 6781: 6761: 6757: 6485:hypophosphatemia 6466: 6465: 6464: 6455: 6453: 6452: 6444: 6443: 6435: 6434: 6424: 6423: 6422: 6413: 6411: 6410: 6402: 6401: 6393: 6392: 6359: 6358: 6357: 6347: 6346: 6345: 6337: 6336: 6263: 6262: 6261: 6230:Phosphorus is a 6206:incendiary bombs 6204:applications as 6198:White phosphorus 6098:Berne Convention 6020:flame retardants 5994:Organophosphorus 5852: 5851: 5811:phosphorus cycle 5758:Phosphorus cycle 5678:e.g. the one at 5676:research reactor 5669: 5667: 5666: 5661: 5653: 5642: 5641: 5637: 5620: 5619: 5607: 5602: 5601: 5591: 5583: 5582: 5559: 5551: 5550: 5460:fecal–oral route 5400:Soil Association 5335: 5129:phosphorus cycle 4879:+ 10 C → 6 CaSiO 4828: 4827: 4826: 4816: 4815: 4814: 4800: 4799: 4798: 4717:incendiary bombs 4664:World War I 4583: 4582: 4581: 4573: 4572: 4564: 4563: 4509: 4508: 4507: 4497: 4496: 4495: 4487: 4486: 4476: 4475: 4474: 4464: 4463: 4462: 4426: 4421: 4420: 4419: 4411: 4410: 4345:phosphorous acid 4064:polyphosphazenes 3811:phosphorous acid 3751: 3750: 3742:phosphorous acid 3652:, for example Na 3545:phosphorous acid 3536:, and the solid 3252: = 7.25×10 3153:reuse of excreta 2973: 2971: 2970: 2954: 2952: 2951: 2939: 2937: 2936: 2920: 2918: 2917: 2883: 2880: 2879: 2852: 2850: 2849: 2841: 2839: 2838: 2830: 2828: 2827: 2778: 2777: 2776: 2768: 2767: 2726:to evaporate in 2724:carbon disulfide 2709:Black phosphorus 2652:Refractive index 2592: 2585: 2504: 2500: 2463: 2462: 2461: 2453: 2452: 2404: 2392: 2378: 2366: 2356: 2331: 2330: 2329: 2319: 2318: 2317: 2307: 2306: 2305: 2292: 2291: 2290: 2275:white phosphorus 2190:largely through 2163:, together with 2136: 2128: 2127: 2098:white phosphorus 2083:chemical element 2064: 2057: 2050: 2038: 2037: 2016: 2011: 1993: 1986: 1946: 1914: 1913: 1904: 1899: 1892: 1866: 1821: 1819: 1764: 1730: 1721:Lattice constant 1687:Other properties 1597: 1591: 1585: 1577:Oxidation states 1543: 1539: 1511: 1507: 1500: 1499: 1466: 1462: 1434: 1430: 1423: 1422: 1367: 1309: 1308: 1264: 1225: 1224: 1163: 1156: 1149: 1142: 1135: 1128: 1121: 1114: 1107: 1100: 1093: 1086: 1079: 1072: 1065: 1058: 1051: 1044: 1037: 1030: 1023: 1016: 1009: 1002: 995: 988: 981: 974: 967: 960: 953: 946: 937: 930: 923: 916: 909: 902: 895: 888: 881: 874: 867: 860: 853: 846: 839: 832: 825: 818: 811: 804: 797: 790: 783: 776: 769: 762: 755: 748: 741: 734: 727: 720: 711: 704: 697: 690: 683: 676: 669: 662: 655: 648: 641: 634: 627: 620: 613: 606: 595: 588: 579: 572: 565: 558: 551: 544: 537: 530: 523: 516: 509: 502: 495: 488: 481: 474: 465: 458: 449: 442: 435: 428: 421: 414: 405: 398: 389: 382: 375: 368: 361: 354: 345: 338: 329: 320: 314: 313: 309: 308: 305: 304: 253: 251: 244: 243: 240: 236: 233: 230: 216: 174: 169: 161: 159: 158: 155: 154: 151: 148: 145: 142: 139: 136: 133: 105: 91: 77: 65: 48: 46: 38: 21: 13298: 13297: 13293: 13292: 13291: 13289: 13288: 13287: 13233: 13232: 13231: 13226: 13222: 13218: 13210: 13206: 13198: 13194: 13186: 13182: 13174: 13170: 13162: 13158: 13145: 13141: 13128: 13120: 13112: 13104: 13096: 13092: 13084: 13076: 13068: 13060: 13052: 13042:Other compounds 13037: 13032: 13028: 13018: 13014: 13006: 12982: 12978: 12972: 12968: 12958: 12954: 12945: 12941: 12920: 12916: 12905: 12901: 12894: 12890: 12884: 12880: 12874: 12870: 12866: 12844: 12840: 12834: 12830: 12814: 12785: 12746: 12738: 12734: 12726: 12722: 12713: 12709: 12705: 12671: 12666: 12636: 12631: 12630: 12629: 12595: 12586: 12584: 12577: 12575: 12568: 12566: 12559: 12557: 12550: 12548: 12541: 12539: 12532: 12530: 12523: 12521: 12514: 12512: 12505: 12503: 12496: 12494: 12487: 12485: 12478: 12476: 12469: 12467: 12460: 12458: 12451: 12449: 12442: 12440: 12433: 12431: 12424: 12422: 12415: 12413: 12406: 12404: 12397: 12395: 12388: 12386: 12379: 12377: 12370: 12368: 12361: 12359: 12352: 12350: 12343: 12341: 12334: 12332: 12325: 12323: 12316: 12314: 12307: 12305: 12291: 12289: 12282: 12280: 12273: 12271: 12264: 12262: 12255: 12253: 12246: 12244: 12237: 12235: 12228: 12226: 12219: 12217: 12210: 12208: 12201: 12199: 12192: 12190: 12183: 12181: 12174: 12172: 12165: 12163: 12156: 12154: 12147: 12145: 12138: 12136: 12129: 12127: 12120: 12118: 12111: 12109: 12102: 12100: 12093: 12091: 12084: 12082: 12075: 12073: 12066: 12064: 12057: 12055: 12048: 12046: 12039: 12037: 12030: 12028: 12021: 12019: 12012: 12010: 11996: 11994: 11987: 11985: 11978: 11976: 11969: 11967: 11960: 11958: 11951: 11949: 11942: 11940: 11933: 11931: 11924: 11922: 11915: 11913: 11906: 11904: 11897: 11895: 11888: 11886: 11879: 11877: 11870: 11868: 11861: 11859: 11850: 11848: 11841: 11839: 11825: 11823: 11816: 11814: 11807: 11805: 11798: 11796: 11789: 11787: 11780: 11778: 11771: 11769: 11762: 11760: 11753: 11751: 11744: 11742: 11735: 11733: 11726: 11724: 11717: 11715: 11708: 11706: 11699: 11697: 11690: 11688: 11679: 11677: 11670: 11668: 11654: 11652: 11645: 11643: 11636: 11634: 11627: 11625: 11618: 11616: 11609: 11607: 11598: 11596: 11589: 11587: 11573: 11571: 11564: 11562: 11555: 11553: 11546: 11544: 11537: 11535: 11528: 11526: 11517: 11515: 11508: 11506: 11492: 11490: 11481: 11479: 11368: 11363: 11316: 11300: 11298:Further reading 11295: 11287: 11285: 11283: 11253: 11215: 11214: 11210: 11202:. Rosen Group. 11151: 11136: 11134: 11132: 11111: 11092: 10954: 10952: 10932: 10913: 10911:General sources 10908: 10899: 10897: 10893: 10892: 10888: 10879: 10877: 10868: 10867: 10863: 10854: 10852: 10847: 10846: 10839: 10816: 10812: 10803: 10801: 10793: 10792: 10788: 10779: 10777: 10768: 10767: 10760: 10751: 10749: 10745: 10744: 10740: 10733: 10729: 10719: 10717: 10716:on 7 April 2020 10704: 10703: 10699: 10691: 10687: 10686: 10682: 10674: 10668: 10667: 10663: 10655: 10651: 10650: 10646: 10623: 10594: 10590: 10551: 10547: 10502: 10498: 10491: 10475: 10471: 10458: 10454: 10425: 10421: 10413: 10409: 10402: 10388: 10384: 10377: 10363: 10359: 10349: 10346:Schrödter et al 10344: 10340: 10333: 10319: 10315: 10300: 10296: 10277: 10273: 10241: 10235: 10231: 10194:Br. J. Ind. Med 10186: 10182: 10175: 10161: 10157: 10150: 10136: 10132: 10125: 10111: 10107: 10097: 10092: 10088: 10080: 10067: 10060: 10046: 10042: 10033: 10031: 10018: 10017: 10013: 10004: 10002: 9998: 9987: 9983: 9982: 9978: 9939: 9935: 9872: 9868: 9861: 9845: 9838: 9799: 9795: 9772:(10): 563–568. 9758: 9754: 9745: 9743: 9730: 9729: 9725: 9715: 9713: 9704: 9703: 9699: 9659: 9655: 9648: 9634: 9630: 9623: 9609: 9605: 9598: 9594: 9585: 9581: 9572: 9568: 9559: 9557: 9547: 9543: 9514: 9510: 9503: 9499: 9493:Wayback Machine 9484: 9480: 9473: 9459: 9452: 9445: 9427: 9423: 9414: 9410: 9402: 9398: 9391: 9373: 9369: 9360: 9358: 9347: 9343: 9320:10.1038/461716a 9304: 9297: 9258: 9254: 9246: 9242: 9234: 9230: 9223: 9219: 9211: 9207: 9197: 9195: 9191: 9184: 9178: 9177: 9173: 9164: 9162: 9158: 9152: 9141: 9133: 9126: 9113: 9109: 9083: 9077: 9073: 9031: 9025: 9018: 9009: 9008: 9001: 8970: 8966: 8956: 8954: 8938:(12): 178–187. 8924: 8920: 8910: 8908: 8899: 8898: 8889: 8838: 8831: 8794: 8790: 8780: 8778: 8771: 8751: 8744: 8737: 8730: 8721: 8719: 8711: 8710: 8706: 8693: 8689: 8680: 8678: 8673: 8672: 8668: 8663: 8659: 8610: 8606: 8561: 8554: 8538:10.1038/491303a 8509: 8505: 8487: 8481: 8474: 8465: 8463: 8459: 8455: 8454: 8450: 8445: 8441: 8434: 8418: 8414: 8406: 8397: 8389: 8385: 8377: 8373: 8368: 8364: 8356: 8352: 8345: 8331: 8327: 8319: 8315: 8302: 8298: 8290: 8286: 8279: 8265: 8261: 8254: 8240: 8236: 8221: 8214: 8203: 8199: 8168: 8164: 8151: 8147: 8134: 8130: 8121: 8119: 8115: 8092: 8086: 8082: 8074: 8070: 8059: 8055: 8047: 8043: 8027: 8023: 8008: 7995: 7986: 7984: 7979: 7978: 7974: 7964: 7962: 7950: 7946: 7891: 7887: 7830: 7826: 7817: 7815: 7811: 7804: 7802:"Phosphorus-32" 7800: 7799: 7795: 7738: 7734: 7702: 7696: 7692: 7681: 7674: 7651: 7647: 7640: 7631: 7622: 7620: 7613:Lateral Science 7607: 7606: 7602: 7593: 7591: 7587: 7586: 7582: 7575: 7561: 7557: 7536:(10): 4028–35. 7525: 7521: 7490: 7486: 7455: 7451: 7444: 7430: 7419: 7411: 7407: 7398: 7396: 7394: 7378: 7371: 7363: 7350: 7343: 7329: 7325: 7318: 7296: 7287: 7238: 7234: 7221: 7190: 7183: 7169: 7165: 7158: 7144: 7140: 7100: 7096: 7073: 7069: 7061: 7054: 7047: 7033: 7026: 7009: 7002: 6995: 6981: 6977: 6970: 6959: 6951: 6947: 6940: 6926: 6919: 6898:(17): 6864–74. 6888: 6884: 6863:(45): 14970–1. 6853: 6849: 6836: 6832: 6800: 6796: 6783: 6782: 6778: 6774: 6769: 6764: 6758: 6754: 6750: 6738: 6718:methamphetamine 6714:pseudoephedrine 6706:hydroiodic acid 6698: 6596: 6584: 6545:Adequate Intake 6533: 6528: 6508:limiting factor 6473: 6463: 6461: 6460: 6459: 6457: 6451: 6448: 6447: 6446: 6442: 6439: 6438: 6437: 6433: 6430: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6421: 6419: 6418: 6417: 6415: 6409: 6406: 6405: 6404: 6400: 6397: 6396: 6395: 6391: 6388: 6387: 6386: 6384: 6366: 6356: 6353: 6352: 6351: 6349: 6344: 6341: 6340: 6339: 6335: 6332: 6331: 6330: 6328: 6299: 6282:phosphorylation 6260: 6257: 6256: 6255: 6253: 6250: 6244: 6242:Biological role 6210:smoke-screening 6157: 6141: 6139:Water softening 6115: 6111: 6092:, or sometimes 6078: 6064: 6044:phosphor bronze 6036: 6028:water treatment 5996: 5983: 5979: 5975: 5962: 5958: 5945: 5936:and pesticides 5935: 5928: 5915: 5911: 5897: 5893: 5879: 5875: 5871: 5867: 5833: 5829: 5825: 5821: 5817: 5788: 5780: 5776: 5760: 5754: 5748: 5736:phosphate sodas 5716:phosphoric acid 5701: 5693: 5691:Flame retardant 5688: 5672:nuclear reactor 5649: 5633: 5629: 5625: 5615: 5611: 5603: 5597: 5595: 5584: 5578: 5576: 5552: 5546: 5543: 5541: 5538: 5537: 5505: 5478:step produce a 5472: 5443: 5437: 5420:contour tilling 5412:no-till farming 5408: 5377:open defecation 5372: 5355: 5333: 5321:as a source of 5308:wrote the book 5302: 5296: 5283: 5277: 5166: 5142: 5043: 5041:Peak phosphorus 5036: 5032: 5028: 5024: 5020: 5016: 5000: 4996: 4992: 4988: 4984: 4980: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4957: 4953: 4949: 4945: 4941: 4937: 4912: 4897: 4892:ferrophosphorus 4886: 4882: 4878: 4874: 4870: 4866: 4860: 4856: 4852: 4848: 4844: 4840: 4836: 4825: 4822: 4821: 4820: 4818: 4813: 4810: 4809: 4808: 4806: 4797: 4794: 4793: 4792: 4790: 4766: 4764:Thermal process 4754:phosphoric acid 4749: 4729: 4652: 4632: 4609:Carbon monoxide 4580: 4577: 4576: 4575: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4566: 4562: 4559: 4558: 4557: 4555: 4533:Chincha Islands 4522: 4506: 4503: 4502: 4501: 4499: 4494: 4491: 4490: 4489: 4485: 4482: 4481: 4480: 4478: 4473: 4470: 4469: 4468: 4466: 4461: 4458: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4418: 4415: 4414: 4413: 4409: 4406: 4405: 4404: 4402: 4357: 4313:Greek mythology 4297: 4292: 4284: 4280: 4276: 4272: 4268: 4264: 4244: 4240: 4236: 4232: 4228: 4224: 4204: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4184: 4172: 4167: 4161: 4154: 4150: 4146: 4142: 4138: 4134: 4129: 4123: 4108: 4102: 4094: 4090: 4075: 4069: 4061: 4057: 4053: 4049: 4045: 4036: 4020:phosphoric acid 4015: 4011: 3989: 3985: 3981: 3959: 3955: 3951: 3921: 3915: 3887: 3881: 3859: 3855: 3851: 3831: 3813: 3807: 3803: 3781: 3777: 3754:Oxidation state 3746:phosphoric acid 3729: 3718: 3714: 3706: 3699: 3693: 3689: 3681: 3677: 3673: 3659: 3655: 3635: 3614: 3607: 3603: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3569: 3562: 3558: 3554: 3541: 3534: 3527: 3520: 3513: 3511:Phosphorus(III) 3495: 3487: 3475: 3471: 3462: 3456: 3451: 3441: 3437: 3433: 3425: 3420: 3413: 3405: 3390: 3386: 3375: 3371: 3367: 3363: 3359: 3355: 3351: 3347: 3331: 3327: 3323: 3312: = 3.98×10 3311: 3304: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3284: = 6.31×10 3283: 3276: 3272: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3251: 3244: 3240: 3236: 3232: 3228: 3224: 3216: 3209: 3205: 3201: 3197: 3188: 3183: 3169: 3054: 3007: 3002: 2996: 2969: 2967: 2966: 2965: 2964: 2950: 2948: 2947: 2946: 2945: 2935: 2933: 2932: 2931: 2930: 2916: 2914: 2913: 2912: 2911: 2878: 2876: 2875: 2874: 2872: 2848: 2846: 2845: 2844: 2843: 2837: 2835: 2834: 2833: 2832: 2826: 2824: 2823: 2822: 2821: 2814: 2808: 2796:phosphorescence 2791:phosphorescence 2775: 2772: 2771: 2770: 2766: 2763: 2762: 2761: 2759: 2736: 2682: 2678: 2590: 2583: 2531: 2497: 2493: 2489: 2481: 2467: 2460: 2457: 2456: 2455: 2451: 2448: 2447: 2446: 2444: 2418: 2412: 2411: 2410: 2409: 2408: 2405: 2397: 2396: 2393: 2384: 2383: 2382: 2379: 2371: 2370: 2367: 2358: 2357: 2354: 2328: 2325: 2324: 2323: 2321: 2316: 2313: 2312: 2311: 2309: 2304: 2301: 2300: 2299: 2297: 2289: 2286: 2285: 2284: 2282: 2279:molecular solid 2264: 2258: 2253: 2251:Characteristics 2197: 2148:phosphorescence 2118: 2068: 2043: 2014: 2009: 1989: 1984: 1944: 1937: 1930:abundance 1903: 1885: 1864: 1845: 1833: 1817: 1815: 1790: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1731: 1647:Covalent radius 1641: 1598:(a mildly 1593: 1587: 1581: 1566: 1541: 1509: 1489: 1464: 1432: 1375: 1373: 1371: 1361: 1351: 1329: 1302: 1218: 1214: 1183: 1181: 1177: 1175: 1169: 1161: 1154: 1147: 1140: 1133: 1126: 1119: 1112: 1105: 1098: 1091: 1084: 1077: 1070: 1063: 1056: 1049: 1042: 1035: 1028: 1021: 1014: 1007: 1000: 993: 986: 979: 972: 965: 958: 951: 944: 935: 928: 921: 914: 907: 900: 893: 886: 879: 872: 865: 858: 851: 844: 837: 830: 823: 816: 809: 802: 795: 788: 781: 774: 767: 760: 753: 746: 739: 732: 725: 718: 709: 702: 695: 688: 681: 674: 667: 660: 653: 646: 639: 632: 625: 618: 611: 604: 593: 586: 577: 570: 563: 556: 549: 542: 535: 528: 521: 514: 507: 500: 493: 486: 479: 472: 463: 456: 447: 440: 433: 426: 419: 412: 403: 396: 387: 380: 373: 366: 359: 352: 343: 336: 327: 318: 261: 249: 247: 241: 238: 234: 231: 228: 226: 214: 208: 167: 163: 130: 126: 113: 112: 111: 110: 109: 106: 97: 96: 95: 92: 83: 82: 81: 78: 70: 69: 66: 57: 56: 44: 40: 37: 32: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 13296: 13286: 13285: 13280: 13275: 13270: 13265: 13260: 13255: 13250: 13245: 13228: 13227: 13225: 13224: 13220: 13216: 13212: 13208: 13204: 13200: 13196: 13192: 13188: 13184: 13180: 13176: 13172: 13168: 13164: 13160: 13156: 13152: 13147: 13143: 13139: 13135: 13130: 13126: 13122: 13118: 13114: 13110: 13106: 13102: 13098: 13094: 13090: 13086: 13082: 13078: 13074: 13070: 13066: 13062: 13058: 13054: 13050: 13045: 13043: 13039: 13038: 13036: 13035: 13030: 13025: 13020: 13016: 13012: 13008: 13004: 13000: 12995: 12990: 12985: 12980: 12975: 12970: 12965: 12960: 12956: 12952: 12948: 12943: 12938: 12933: 12928: 12923: 12918: 12913: 12908: 12903: 12898: 12892: 12887: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12868: 12863: 12858: 12853: 12848: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12808: 12803: 12798: 12793: 12788: 12783: 12779: 12774: 12769: 12764: 12759: 12754: 12749: 12744: 12740: 12736: 12732: 12728: 12724: 12720: 12716: 12711: 12707: 12702: 12697: 12692: 12687: 12681: 12679: 12673: 12672: 12665: 12664: 12657: 12650: 12642: 12633: 12632: 12626: 12625: 12620: 12615: 12610: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12596: 12592: 12591: 12582: 12573: 12564: 12555: 12546: 12537: 12528: 12519: 12510: 12501: 12492: 12483: 12474: 12465: 12456: 12447: 12438: 12429: 12420: 12411: 12402: 12393: 12384: 12375: 12366: 12357: 12348: 12339: 12330: 12321: 12312: 12303: 12297: 12296: 12287: 12278: 12269: 12260: 12251: 12242: 12233: 12224: 12215: 12206: 12197: 12188: 12179: 12170: 12161: 12152: 12143: 12134: 12125: 12116: 12107: 12098: 12089: 12080: 12071: 12062: 12053: 12044: 12035: 12026: 12017: 12008: 12002: 12001: 11992: 11983: 11974: 11965: 11956: 11947: 11938: 11929: 11920: 11911: 11902: 11893: 11884: 11875: 11866: 11857: 11855: 11846: 11837: 11831: 11830: 11821: 11812: 11803: 11794: 11785: 11776: 11767: 11758: 11749: 11740: 11731: 11722: 11713: 11704: 11695: 11686: 11684: 11675: 11666: 11660: 11659: 11650: 11641: 11632: 11623: 11614: 11605: 11603: 11594: 11585: 11579: 11578: 11569: 11560: 11551: 11542: 11533: 11524: 11522: 11513: 11504: 11498: 11497: 11488: 11486: 11477: 11471: 11470: 11465: 11460: 11455: 11450: 11445: 11440: 11435: 11430: 11425: 11420: 11415: 11410: 11405: 11400: 11395: 11390: 11388: 11383: 11378: 11373: 11370: 11369: 11366:Periodic table 11362: 11361: 11354: 11347: 11339: 11333: 11332: 11328:The New Yorker 11320: 11314: 11299: 11296: 11294: 11293: 11281: 11266: 11257: 11252:978-3527306732 11251: 11228: 11208: 11193: 11172: 11163: 11155: 11143: 11130: 11115: 11109: 11096: 11091:978-3527306732 11090: 11067: 11031:Sustainability 11022: 10988:(2): 292–305. 10974: 10961: 10936: 10930: 10914: 10912: 10909: 10907: 10906: 10886: 10861: 10837: 10826:(2): 123–134. 10810: 10786: 10758: 10738: 10727: 10697: 10680: 10661: 10644: 10621: 10588: 10545: 10496: 10489: 10469: 10452: 10419: 10407: 10400: 10382: 10375: 10357: 10338: 10331: 10313: 10310:(5): 565, 571. 10294: 10271: 10252:(9): 428–431. 10229: 10180: 10173: 10155: 10148: 10130: 10123: 10105: 10086: 10082:Threlfall 1951 10065: 10058: 10040: 10011: 9976: 9933: 9866: 9859: 9836: 9793: 9752: 9723: 9697: 9670:(1): 113–139. 9653: 9646: 9628: 9621: 9603: 9592: 9579: 9566: 9541: 9528:(3): 269–281. 9508: 9497: 9478: 9471: 9450: 9443: 9421: 9417:Phosphate Rock 9408: 9396: 9389: 9367: 9341: 9295: 9268:(3): 428–439. 9252: 9240: 9228: 9217: 9205: 9171: 9150: 9124: 9107: 9071: 9042:(2): 491–507. 9016: 8999: 8964: 8918: 8907:. January 2023 8887: 8829: 8808:(2): 491–507. 8788: 8769: 8742: 8728: 8704: 8687: 8666: 8657: 8604: 8575:(6): 848–860. 8552: 8503: 8472: 8448: 8439: 8432: 8412: 8408:Threlfall 1951 8395: 8383: 8379:Threlfall 1951 8371: 8362: 8350: 8343: 8325: 8321:Threlfall 1951 8313: 8296: 8284: 8277: 8259: 8252: 8234: 8212: 8197: 8162: 8145: 8128: 8103:(4): 272–295. 8080: 8076:Corbridge 1995 8068: 8053: 8049:Threlfall 1951 8041: 8021: 7993: 7972: 7944: 7885: 7824: 7793: 7732: 7690: 7672: 7645: 7629: 7600: 7580: 7573: 7555: 7519: 7484: 7465:(4): 684–685. 7449: 7442: 7417: 7405: 7392: 7369: 7348: 7341: 7323: 7316: 7285: 7232: 7188: 7181: 7163: 7156: 7138: 7094: 7067: 7052: 7045: 7024: 7000: 6993: 6975: 6968: 6945: 6938: 6917: 6882: 6847: 6830: 6794: 6775: 6773: 6770: 6768: 6765: 6763: 6762: 6751: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6744: 6737: 6734: 6730:21 CFR 1310.02 6697: 6694: 6595: 6592: 6583: 6580: 6532: 6529: 6527: 6524: 6516:eutrophication 6472: 6469: 6468: 6467: 6462: 6449: 6440: 6431: 6420: 6407: 6398: 6389: 6370:hydroxyapatite 6365: 6362: 6354: 6342: 6333: 6297: 6258: 6243: 6240: 6239: 6238: 6228: 6225: 6195: 6172: 6165: 6156: 6153: 6140: 6137: 6113: 6109: 6082:Charles Sauria 6074:Main article: 6063: 6060: 6035: 6032: 5995: 5992: 5989: 5988: 5985: 5981: 5977: 5973: 5968: 5967: 5964: 5960: 5956: 5951: 5950: 5947: 5943: 5938: 5937: 5933: 5930: 5926: 5921: 5920: 5917: 5913: 5909: 5904: 5903: 5900: 5895: 5891: 5886: 5885: 5882: 5877: 5873: 5869: 5865: 5860: 5859: 5856: 5831: 5827: 5823: 5819: 5815: 5799:eutrophication 5791:photosynthesis 5786: 5778: 5774: 5750:Main article: 5747: 5744: 5700: 5697: 5692: 5689: 5687: 5684: 5659: 5656: 5652: 5648: 5645: 5640: 5636: 5632: 5628: 5624: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5606: 5600: 5594: 5590: 5587: 5581: 5575: 5572: 5569: 5566: 5563: 5558: 5555: 5549: 5545: 5504: 5501: 5471: 5468: 5439:Main article: 5436: 5433: 5407: 5404: 5381:sewage systems 5371: 5368: 5354: 5351: 5347:superphosphate 5298:Main article: 5295: 5292: 5276: 5273: 5186:phosphate rock 5165: 5162: 5158:biogeochemical 5141: 5138: 5106:Western Sahara 5094:phosphate rock 5071:rock phosphate 5042: 5039: 5038: 5037: 5034: 5030: 5026: 5022: 5018: 5014: 5003: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4982: 4978: 4971: 4970: 4967: 4963: 4959: 4955: 4951: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4911: 4908: 4895: 4888: 4887: 4884: 4880: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4861: 4858: 4854: 4850: 4846: 4842: 4838: 4834: 4823: 4811: 4795: 4787:phosphate rock 4777:(910,000 4765: 4762: 4748: 4745: 4728: 4725: 4651: 4648: 4644:superphosphate 4635:Phosphate rock 4631: 4630:Phosphate rock 4628: 4578: 4569: 4560: 4521: 4518: 4511: 4510: 4504: 4492: 4483: 4471: 4459: 4439:Johann Kunckel 4416: 4407: 4356: 4353: 4296: 4293: 4291: 4288: 4287: 4286: 4282: 4278: 4274: 4270: 4266: 4262: 4247: 4246: 4242: 4238: 4234: 4230: 4226: 4222: 4207: 4206: 4202: 4198: 4194: 4190: 4186: 4182: 4170: 4163:Main article: 4160: 4157: 4152: 4148: 4144: 4140: 4136: 4132: 4125:Main article: 4122: 4119: 4104: 4100: 4092: 4088: 4071: 4067: 4059: 4055: 4051: 4047: 4043: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4028: 4025: 4022: 4016: 4013: 4009: 4006: 4002: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3990: 3987: 3983: 3979: 3976: 3972: 3971: 3968: 3965: 3960: 3957: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3942: 3941: 3936:acids, salts ( 3934: 3928: 3923: 3917: 3913: 3910: 3906: 3905: 3898: 3893: 3888: 3883: 3879: 3876: 3872: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3860: 3857: 3853: 3849: 3846: 3842: 3841: 3838: 3835: 3832: 3829: 3826: 3822: 3821: 3818: 3815: 3808: 3805: 3801: 3798: 3794: 3793: 3790: 3787: 3782: 3779: 3775: 3772: 3768: 3767: 3764: 3763:Acidic protons 3761: 3758: 3755: 3728: 3725: 3716: 3712: 3701: 3695: 3691: 3687: 3679: 3675: 3671: 3657: 3653: 3634: 3631: 3613: 3610: 3605: 3601: 3597: 3593: 3589: 3585: 3581: 3567: 3564: 3563: 3560: 3556: 3552: 3539: 3532: 3525: 3518: 3512: 3509: 3493: 3485: 3473: 3469: 3460: 3454: 3449: 3439: 3435: 3431: 3423: 3418: 3411: 3403: 3393:acid anhydride 3388: 3384: 3378: 3377: 3373: 3369: 3365: 3361: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3329: 3325: 3321: 3314: 3313: 3309: 3302: 3298: 3294: 3290: 3286: 3285: 3281: 3274: 3270: 3266: 3262: 3258: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3242: 3238: 3234: 3230: 3226: 3222: 3214: 3207: 3203: 3199: 3195: 3187: 3184: 3168: 3165: 3062:phosphate rock 3053: 3050: 3006: 3003: 2995: 2992: 2988:Bremsstrahlung 2968: 2949: 2934: 2927: 2926: 2915: 2909: 2906:Southern blots 2902:Northern blots 2877: 2847: 2836: 2825: 2810:Main article: 2807: 2804: 2773: 2764: 2735: 2732: 2680: 2676: 2673:Red phosphorus 2668: 2667: 2664: 2661: 2659: 2657: 2654: 2648: 2647: 2644: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2633: 2626: 2625: 2622: 2619: 2616: 2613: 2610: 2603: 2602: 2599: 2596: 2594: 2587: 2580: 2574: 2573: 2570: 2567: 2565: 2562: 2560: 2558:Pearson symbol 2554: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2524: 2523: 2520: 2517: 2514: 2511: 2508: 2495: 2491: 2487: 2479: 2465: 2458: 2449: 2416: 2406: 2399: 2398: 2394: 2387: 2386: 2385: 2380: 2373: 2372: 2368: 2361: 2360: 2359: 2353: 2352: 2351: 2350: 2326: 2314: 2302: 2287: 2260:Main article: 2257: 2254: 2252: 2249: 2195: 2141:", the planet 2116: 2102:red phosphorus 2074: 2073: 2067: 2066: 2059: 2052: 2044: 2031: 2030: 2027: 2026: 2023: 2022: 2017: 2012: 2007: 2004: 2000: 1999: 1994: 1987: 1982: 1977: 1971: 1970: 1965: 1962: 1958: 1957: 1952: 1947: 1942: 1932: 1927: 1924: 1923: 1918: 1917:Main isotopes 1910: 1909: 1906: 1905: 1902: 1901: 1894: 1886: 1879: 1878: 1872: 1868: 1867: 1859: 1853: 1852: 1848: 1847: 1842: 1836: 1835: 1830: 1824: 1823: 1813: 1807: 1806: 1799: 1793: 1792: 1787: 1781: 1780: 1759: 1757: 1753: 1752: 1741: 1737: 1736: 1725: 1723: 1717: 1716: 1705: 1699: 1698: 1693: 1689: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1679:Spectral lines 1667: 1666: 1663: 1657: 1656: 1649: 1643: 1642: 1640: 1639: 1632: 1629: 1626: 1622: 1620: 1614: 1613: 1610: 1604: 1603: 1579: 1573: 1572: 1568: 1567: 1563: 1562: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1550: 1547: 1544: 1531: 1530: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1498: 1491: 1490: 1486: 1485: 1482: 1479: 1476: 1473: 1470: 1467: 1454: 1453: 1450: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1421: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1402: 1401: 1398: 1392: 1391: 1384: 1382:Heat of fusion 1378: 1377: 1368: 1354: 1353: 1348: 1342: 1341: 1338: 1332: 1331: 1322: 1316: 1315: 1310: 1296: 1295: 1291: 1290: 1287: 1283: 1282: 1275: 1269: 1268: 1260: 1254: 1253: 1248: 1242: 1241: 1236: 1230: 1229: 1226: 1211: 1210: 1207: 1206: 1203: 1202: 1188: 1187: 1170: 1166: 1165: 1158: 1151: 1144: 1137: 1130: 1123: 1116: 1109: 1102: 1095: 1088: 1081: 1074: 1067: 1060: 1053: 1046: 1039: 1032: 1025: 1018: 1011: 1004: 997: 990: 983: 976: 969: 962: 955: 948: 940: 939: 932: 925: 918: 911: 904: 897: 890: 883: 876: 869: 862: 855: 848: 841: 834: 827: 820: 813: 806: 799: 792: 785: 778: 771: 764: 757: 750: 743: 736: 729: 722: 714: 713: 706: 699: 692: 685: 678: 671: 664: 657: 650: 643: 636: 629: 622: 615: 608: 601: 599: 597: 590: 582: 581: 574: 567: 560: 553: 546: 539: 532: 525: 518: 511: 504: 497: 490: 483: 476: 469: 467: 460: 452: 451: 444: 437: 430: 423: 416: 409: 407: 400: 392: 391: 384: 377: 370: 363: 356: 349: 347: 340: 332: 331: 324: 322: 312: 301: 300: 298:periodic table 293: 292: 289: 288: 285: 278: 277: 271: 270: 267: 266: 263: 262: 260: 259: 245: 223: 221: 218: 217: 212: 202: 201: 198: 197: 194: 190: 189: 182: 176: 175: 124: 120: 119: 115: 114: 107: 100: 99: 98: 93: 86: 85: 84: 79: 72: 71: 67: 60: 59: 58: 54: 53: 52: 51: 42: 35: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 13295: 13284: 13281: 13279: 13276: 13274: 13271: 13269: 13266: 13264: 13261: 13259: 13256: 13254: 13251: 13249: 13246: 13244: 13241: 13240: 13238: 13223: 13213: 13211: 13201: 13199: 13189: 13187: 13177: 13175: 13165: 13163: 13153: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13136: 13134: 13131: 13129: 13123: 13121: 13115: 13113: 13107: 13105: 13099: 13097: 13087: 13085: 13079: 13077: 13071: 13069: 13063: 13061: 13055: 13053: 13047: 13046: 13044: 13040: 13034: 13026: 13024: 13021: 13019: 13009: 13007: 13001: 12999: 12996: 12994: 12991: 12989: 12986: 12984: 12976: 12974: 12966: 12964: 12961: 12959: 12949: 12947: 12939: 12937: 12934: 12932: 12929: 12927: 12924: 12922: 12914: 12912: 12909: 12907: 12899: 12897: 12888: 12886: 12878: 12876: 12864: 12862: 12859: 12857: 12854: 12852: 12849: 12847: 12838: 12836: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12809: 12807: 12804: 12802: 12799: 12797: 12794: 12792: 12789: 12787: 12780: 12778: 12775: 12773: 12770: 12768: 12765: 12763: 12760: 12758: 12755: 12753: 12750: 12748: 12741: 12739: 12729: 12727: 12717: 12715: 12703: 12701: 12698: 12696: 12693: 12691: 12688: 12686: 12683: 12682: 12680: 12678: 12674: 12670: 12663: 12658: 12656: 12651: 12649: 12644: 12643: 12640: 12624: 12621: 12619: 12616: 12614: 12611: 12609: 12606: 12605: 12598: 12589: 12580: 12571: 12562: 12553: 12544: 12535: 12526: 12517: 12508: 12499: 12490: 12481: 12472: 12463: 12454: 12445: 12436: 12427: 12418: 12409: 12400: 12391: 12382: 12373: 12364: 12355: 12346: 12337: 12328: 12319: 12310: 12302: 12298: 12294: 12285: 12276: 12267: 12258: 12249: 12240: 12231: 12222: 12213: 12204: 12195: 12186: 12177: 12168: 12159: 12150: 12141: 12132: 12123: 12114: 12105: 12096: 12087: 12078: 12069: 12060: 12051: 12042: 12033: 12024: 12015: 12007: 12003: 11999: 11990: 11981: 11972: 11963: 11954: 11945: 11936: 11927: 11918: 11909: 11900: 11891: 11882: 11873: 11864: 11853: 11844: 11836: 11832: 11828: 11819: 11810: 11801: 11792: 11783: 11774: 11765: 11756: 11747: 11738: 11729: 11720: 11711: 11702: 11693: 11682: 11673: 11665: 11661: 11657: 11648: 11639: 11630: 11621: 11612: 11601: 11592: 11584: 11580: 11576: 11567: 11558: 11549: 11540: 11531: 11520: 11511: 11503: 11499: 11495: 11484: 11476: 11472: 11469: 11464: 11459: 11454: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11424: 11419: 11414: 11409: 11404: 11399: 11394: 11387: 11382: 11377: 11376: 11371: 11367: 11360: 11355: 11353: 11348: 11346: 11341: 11340: 11337: 11330: 11329: 11324: 11321: 11317: 11315:1-85858-223-7 11311: 11307: 11302: 11301: 11284: 11278: 11274: 11273: 11267: 11263: 11258: 11254: 11248: 11244: 11240: 11236: 11235: 11229: 11225: 11219: 11211: 11205: 11201: 11200: 11194: 11190: 11189:archive.today 11186: 11182: 11178: 11173: 11169: 11164: 11160: 11156: 11149: 11144: 11133: 11127: 11123: 11122: 11116: 11112: 11110:0-333-76638-5 11106: 11102: 11097: 11093: 11087: 11083: 11079: 11075: 11074: 11068: 11064: 11060: 11055: 11050: 11045: 11040: 11036: 11032: 11028: 11023: 11019: 11015: 11011: 11007: 11003: 10999: 10995: 10991: 10987: 10983: 10979: 10978:Cordell, Dana 10975: 10971: 10970:0-444-89307-5 10967: 10962: 10950: 10946: 10945:Miller-McCune 10942: 10937: 10933: 10931:0-7614-0946-7 10927: 10923: 10922: 10916: 10915: 10896: 10890: 10876:on 2009-05-03 10875: 10871: 10870:"21 cfr 1309" 10865: 10850: 10844: 10842: 10833: 10829: 10825: 10821: 10814: 10800: 10796: 10790: 10775: 10771: 10765: 10763: 10748: 10742: 10736: 10731: 10715: 10711: 10707: 10701: 10690: 10684: 10673: 10672: 10665: 10654: 10648: 10640: 10636: 10632: 10628: 10624: 10618: 10614: 10613:10.17226/5776 10610: 10606: 10602: 10598: 10592: 10584: 10580: 10575: 10570: 10566: 10562: 10561: 10556: 10549: 10541: 10537: 10532: 10527: 10523: 10519: 10515: 10511: 10507: 10500: 10492: 10486: 10482: 10481: 10473: 10466: 10465:1-57259-153-6 10462: 10456: 10447: 10442: 10438: 10434: 10430: 10423: 10416: 10411: 10403: 10397: 10393: 10386: 10378: 10376:1-883476-00-3 10372: 10368: 10361: 10353: 10347: 10342: 10334: 10332:0-929388-06-2 10328: 10324: 10317: 10309: 10305: 10298: 10290: 10286: 10282: 10275: 10267: 10263: 10259: 10255: 10251: 10247: 10240: 10233: 10225: 10221: 10216: 10211: 10207: 10203: 10199: 10195: 10191: 10184: 10176: 10174:0-87170-726-8 10170: 10166: 10159: 10151: 10145: 10142:. CRC Press. 10141: 10134: 10126: 10120: 10116: 10109: 10101: 10095: 10090: 10083: 10078: 10076: 10074: 10072: 10070: 10061: 10059:0-87335-233-5 10055: 10051: 10044: 10030:on 2020-10-20 10029: 10025: 10021: 10015: 10001:on 2020-10-28 9997: 9993: 9986: 9980: 9972: 9968: 9964: 9960: 9956: 9952: 9948: 9944: 9937: 9929: 9925: 9920: 9915: 9911: 9907: 9902: 9897: 9893: 9889: 9885: 9881: 9877: 9870: 9862: 9856: 9852: 9851: 9843: 9841: 9832: 9828: 9823: 9818: 9815:(9): 659–67. 9814: 9810: 9809: 9804: 9797: 9789: 9785: 9780: 9775: 9771: 9767: 9763: 9756: 9741: 9737: 9733: 9727: 9711: 9707: 9701: 9693: 9689: 9685: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9669: 9665: 9657: 9649: 9647:9781566772075 9643: 9639: 9632: 9624: 9622:0-471-81986-7 9618: 9614: 9607: 9601: 9596: 9589: 9583: 9576: 9570: 9556: 9552: 9545: 9536: 9531: 9527: 9523: 9519: 9512: 9506: 9501: 9494: 9490: 9487: 9482: 9474: 9468: 9464: 9457: 9455: 9446: 9440: 9435: 9434: 9425: 9418: 9412: 9405: 9400: 9392: 9386: 9381: 9380: 9371: 9357:on 2019-05-06 9356: 9352: 9345: 9337: 9333: 9329: 9325: 9321: 9317: 9313: 9309: 9302: 9300: 9291: 9287: 9283: 9279: 9275: 9271: 9267: 9263: 9256: 9249: 9244: 9238: 9232: 9226: 9221: 9215: 9209: 9190: 9183: 9182: 9175: 9161:on 2016-11-04 9157: 9153: 9147: 9140: 9139: 9131: 9129: 9121: 9117: 9111: 9102: 9097: 9093: 9089: 9082: 9075: 9067: 9063: 9058: 9053: 9049: 9045: 9041: 9037: 9030: 9023: 9021: 9012: 9006: 9004: 8995: 8991: 8987: 8983: 8979: 8975: 8968: 8953: 8949: 8945: 8941: 8937: 8933: 8929: 8922: 8906: 8902: 8896: 8894: 8892: 8883: 8879: 8875: 8871: 8867: 8863: 8859: 8855: 8851: 8847: 8843: 8836: 8834: 8824: 8819: 8815: 8811: 8807: 8803: 8799: 8792: 8776: 8772: 8766: 8762: 8758: 8757: 8749: 8747: 8740: 8735: 8733: 8718: 8714: 8708: 8700: 8699: 8691: 8676: 8670: 8661: 8653: 8649: 8644: 8639: 8635: 8631: 8627: 8623: 8619: 8615: 8608: 8600: 8596: 8591: 8586: 8582: 8578: 8574: 8570: 8566: 8559: 8557: 8548: 8544: 8539: 8534: 8530: 8526: 8523:(7424): 303. 8522: 8518: 8514: 8507: 8499: 8495: 8494: 8486: 8479: 8477: 8458: 8452: 8443: 8435: 8433:0-07-143763-0 8429: 8425: 8424: 8416: 8409: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8392: 8387: 8380: 8375: 8366: 8359: 8354: 8346: 8340: 8336: 8329: 8322: 8317: 8309: 8308: 8300: 8293: 8288: 8280: 8274: 8270: 8263: 8255: 8253:0-7661-3230-7 8249: 8245: 8238: 8231: 8230: 8225: 8219: 8217: 8210: 8206: 8201: 8193: 8189: 8185: 8181: 8177: 8173: 8166: 8159: 8158:0-12-335680-6 8155: 8149: 8142: 8141:0-13-465881-7 8138: 8132: 8118:on 2020-04-16 8114: 8110: 8106: 8102: 8098: 8091: 8084: 8077: 8072: 8066: 8062: 8057: 8050: 8045: 8039: 8038:0-471-80580-7 8035: 8031: 8025: 8017: 8013: 8006: 8004: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7982: 7976: 7961: 7960: 7955: 7948: 7940: 7936: 7931: 7926: 7921: 7916: 7913:: 1180–1198. 7912: 7908: 7904: 7900: 7896: 7889: 7881: 7877: 7873: 7869: 7865: 7861: 7857: 7853: 7848: 7843: 7839: 7835: 7828: 7814:on 2016-05-28 7810: 7803: 7797: 7789: 7785: 7781: 7777: 7773: 7769: 7765: 7761: 7756: 7751: 7747: 7743: 7736: 7728: 7724: 7720: 7716: 7713:(3): 030001. 7712: 7708: 7701: 7694: 7688: 7684: 7679: 7677: 7668: 7664: 7660: 7656: 7649: 7643: 7638: 7636: 7634: 7618: 7614: 7610: 7604: 7590: 7584: 7576: 7574:0-203-99824-3 7570: 7566: 7559: 7551: 7547: 7543: 7539: 7535: 7532: 7531: 7523: 7515: 7511: 7507: 7503: 7499: 7495: 7488: 7480: 7476: 7472: 7468: 7464: 7460: 7453: 7445: 7443:0-8493-0481-4 7439: 7435: 7428: 7426: 7424: 7422: 7414: 7409: 7395: 7389: 7385: 7384: 7376: 7374: 7367:, p. 717 7366: 7361: 7359: 7357: 7355: 7353: 7344: 7338: 7334: 7327: 7319: 7317:0-8493-8912-7 7313: 7309: 7304: 7303: 7294: 7292: 7290: 7281: 7277: 7273: 7269: 7265: 7261: 7257: 7253: 7249: 7245: 7244: 7236: 7229: 7228:0-7506-3365-4 7225: 7219: 7217: 7215: 7213: 7211: 7209: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7201: 7199: 7197: 7195: 7193: 7184: 7182:981-02-2634-9 7178: 7174: 7167: 7159: 7157:0-87371-754-6 7153: 7149: 7142: 7134: 7130: 7126: 7122: 7118: 7114: 7110: 7106: 7098: 7090: 7086: 7082: 7078: 7071: 7064: 7059: 7057: 7048: 7046:3-11-012641-9 7042: 7038: 7031: 7029: 7021: 7017: 7013: 7007: 7005: 6996: 6994:0-8493-0464-4 6990: 6986: 6979: 6971: 6969:0-8493-0486-5 6965: 6958: 6957: 6949: 6941: 6935: 6931: 6924: 6922: 6913: 6909: 6905: 6901: 6897: 6893: 6886: 6878: 6874: 6870: 6866: 6862: 6858: 6851: 6845: 6844: 6839: 6834: 6826: 6822: 6818: 6814: 6810: 6806: 6798: 6790: 6786: 6780: 6776: 6756: 6752: 6743: 6740: 6739: 6733: 6731: 6727: 6723: 6719: 6715: 6711: 6707: 6703: 6693: 6691: 6687: 6683: 6679: 6675: 6670: 6667: 6663: 6657: 6655: 6651: 6646: 6644: 6640: 6635: 6633: 6629: 6625: 6621: 6617: 6613: 6609: 6600: 6591: 6589: 6579: 6577: 6571: 6569: 6565: 6561: 6556: 6554: 6550: 6546: 6542: 6538: 6523: 6521: 6517: 6513: 6509: 6505: 6501: 6497: 6492: 6490: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6383: 6382: 6381: 6379: 6375: 6371: 6361: 6326: 6325:phospholipids 6322: 6321:nucleic acids 6318: 6313: 6311: 6307: 6301: 6295: 6291: 6287: 6286:Phospholipids 6283: 6279: 6275: 6271: 6267: 6249: 6237: 6233: 6229: 6226: 6223: 6219: 6215: 6211: 6207: 6203: 6199: 6196: 6193: 6189: 6185: 6184:baking powder 6181: 6177: 6173: 6170: 6166: 6163: 6159: 6158: 6155:Miscellaneous 6152: 6150: 6145: 6136: 6134: 6130: 6126: 6122: 6117: 6107: 6101: 6099: 6095: 6091: 6087: 6083: 6077: 6068: 6059: 6057: 6053: 6049: 6045: 6041: 6031: 6029: 6025: 6021: 6017: 6013: 6009: 6005: 6001: 5986: 5984: 5970: 5969: 5965: 5963: 5953: 5952: 5948: 5946: 5940: 5939: 5931: 5929: 5923: 5922: 5918: 5916: 5906: 5905: 5901: 5899: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5881: 5862: 5861: 5857: 5854: 5853: 5850: 5848: 5844: 5843:sulfuric acid 5839: 5837: 5812: 5806: 5804: 5800: 5796: 5792: 5784: 5772: 5769: 5765: 5759: 5753: 5743: 5741: 5740:kidney stones 5737: 5733: 5729: 5725: 5721: 5717: 5712: 5710: 5706: 5699:Food additive 5696: 5683: 5681: 5677: 5673: 5657: 5646: 5643: 5638: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5616: 5612: 5608: 5598: 5579: 5570: 5567: 5564: 5547: 5544: 5535: 5533: 5529: 5525: 5521: 5520:transmutation 5516: 5514: 5510: 5500: 5496: 5493: 5489: 5485: 5481: 5480:sewage sludge 5477: 5470:Sewage sludge 5467: 5465: 5461: 5457: 5452: 5448: 5442: 5441:Excreta reuse 5435:Excreta reuse 5432: 5428: 5425: 5421: 5417: 5413: 5403: 5401: 5398:systems. The 5397: 5392: 5390: 5386: 5382: 5378: 5364: 5359: 5350: 5348: 5343: 5339: 5331: 5330:South America 5327: 5324: 5320: 5316: 5311: 5307: 5301: 5291: 5289: 5282: 5275:United States 5272: 5269: 5267: 5266:food security 5262: 5260: 5256: 5252: 5248: 5247:United States 5244: 5240: 5236: 5232: 5228: 5224: 5220: 5216: 5212: 5207: 5205: 5201: 5198:In 2023, the 5196: 5194: 5189: 5187: 5183: 5179: 5170: 5161: 5159: 5155: 5146: 5137: 5135: 5130: 5125: 5123: 5119: 5115: 5111: 5107: 5103: 5099: 5095: 5091: 5087: 5082: 5080: 5079:food security 5076: 5072: 5068: 5064: 5060: 5056: 5047: 5012: 5011: 5010: 5008: 4976: 4975: 4974: 4933: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4928:sulfuric acid 4925: 4921: 4917: 4907: 4905: 4901: 4893: 4862: 4832: 4831: 4830: 4804: 4788: 4784: 4780: 4776: 4772: 4761: 4759: 4758:phosphogypsum 4755: 4744: 4738: 4733: 4724: 4722: 4718: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4701: 4696: 4693: 4689: 4685: 4681: 4677: 4673: 4669: 4668:smoke screens 4665: 4661: 4657: 4647: 4645: 4640: 4636: 4627: 4625: 4621: 4616: 4614: 4610: 4606: 4602: 4597: 4594: 4589: 4587: 4553: 4549: 4545: 4541: 4534: 4530: 4526: 4517: 4514: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4446: 4444: 4440: 4436: 4430: 4423: 4398: 4396: 4392: 4388: 4384: 4380: 4376: 4372: 4365: 4361: 4352: 4350: 4346: 4342: 4338: 4334: 4330: 4326: 4321: 4319: 4314: 4310: 4306: 4302: 4260: 4259: 4258: 4256: 4252: 4220: 4219: 4218: 4216: 4212: 4180: 4179: 4178: 4176: 4166: 4156: 4128: 4118: 4116: 4110: 4107: 4098: 4084: 4082: 4079: 4074: 4065: 4041: 4026: 4023: 4021: 4017: 4007: 4004: 4003: 3999: 3996: 3994: 3991: 3977: 3974: 3973: 3969: 3966: 3964: 3961: 3947: 3944: 3943: 3939: 3935: 3932: 3929: 3927: 3924: 3920: 3911: 3908: 3907: 3903: 3899: 3897: 3894: 3892: 3889: 3886: 3877: 3874: 3873: 3869: 3866: 3864: 3861: 3847: 3844: 3843: 3839: 3836: 3833: 3827: 3824: 3823: 3819: 3816: 3812: 3809: 3799: 3796: 3795: 3791: 3788: 3786: 3783: 3773: 3770: 3769: 3765: 3762: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3752: 3749: 3747: 3743: 3739: 3734: 3724: 3722: 3710: 3704: 3698: 3685: 3669: 3665: 3663: 3662:Schreibersite 3651: 3647: 3643: 3639: 3630: 3623: 3618: 3609: 3579: 3575: 3573: 3550: 3549: 3548: 3546: 3542: 3535: 3528: 3521: 3508: 3506: 3502: 3497: 3491: 3483: 3482:isoelectronic 3479: 3467: 3463: 3452: 3445: 3430:geometry. PCl 3429: 3421: 3414: 3407: 3401: 3396: 3394: 3382: 3343: 3342: 3341: 3339: 3335: 3319: 3308: 3288: 3287: 3280: 3256: 3255: 3248: 3220: 3219: 3218: 3192: 3186:Phosphorus(V) 3182: 3178: 3174: 3164: 3162: 3161:sewage sludge 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3142: 3138: 3133: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3122:Niagara Falls 3119: 3115: 3111: 3107: 3103: 3099: 3095: 3091: 3087: 3083: 3079: 3076:nations like 3075: 3071: 3067: 3063: 3059: 3049: 3047: 3043: 3039: 3034: 3032: 3028: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3001: 2991: 2989: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2962: 2958: 2957:nucleic acids 2943: 2924: 2910: 2907: 2903: 2899: 2895: 2891: 2887: 2882: 2871: 2870: 2869: 2867: 2862: 2860: 2856: 2819: 2813: 2803: 2801: 2797: 2793: 2792: 2787: 2786: 2780: 2756: 2754: 2749: 2740: 2731: 2729: 2725: 2720: 2718: 2714: 2710: 2706: 2704: 2700: 2696: 2692: 2690: 2686: 2674: 2665: 2662: 2660: 2658: 2655: 2653: 2650: 2649: 2645: 2642: 2639: 2637: 2634: 2631: 2628: 2627: 2623: 2620: 2617: 2614: 2611: 2608: 2605: 2604: 2600: 2597: 2595: 2588: 2581: 2579: 2576: 2575: 2571: 2568: 2566: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2556: 2555: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2529: 2526: 2525: 2521: 2518: 2515: 2512: 2509: 2506: 2505: 2499: 2485: 2477: 2473: 2471: 2442: 2438: 2434: 2429: 2425: 2420: 2419:tetrahedra. 2403: 2391: 2377: 2365: 2349: 2347: 2343: 2339: 2335: 2295: 2280: 2276: 2271: 2269: 2263: 2248: 2246: 2242: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2225: 2221: 2217: 2213: 2212:phospholipids 2209: 2205: 2201: 2193: 2189: 2184: 2182: 2178: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2162: 2158: 2154: 2150: 2149: 2144: 2140: 2135: 2134: 2122: 2113: 2111: 2107: 2103: 2099: 2095: 2094:atomic number 2091: 2088: 2084: 2080: 2072: 2069: | 2065: 2060: 2058: 2053: 2051: 2046: 2045: 2042: 2032: 2028: 2021: 2018: 2013: 2001: 1998: 1995: 1992: 1988: 1985:14.269 d 1981: 1976: 1972: 1969: 1959: 1956: 1955:product 1953: 1951: 1948: 1941: 1936: 1933: 1931: 1928: 1926: 1925: 1922: 1915: 1911: 1907: 1900: 1895: 1893: 1888: 1887: 1884: 1880: 1876: 1873: 1869: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1854: 1849: 1843: 1841: 1837: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1814: 1812: 1808: 1804: 1800: 1798: 1794: 1788: 1786: 1782: 1778: 1773: 1768: 1763: 1758: 1754: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1738: 1734: 1729: 1724: 1722: 1718: 1714: 1710: 1706: 1704: 1700: 1697: 1694: 1690: 1685: 1681:of phosphorus 1680: 1673: 1668: 1664: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1650: 1648: 1644: 1637: 1633: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1623: 1621: 1619: 1615: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1596: 1590: 1584: 1580: 1578: 1574: 1569: 1560: 1557: 1554: 1551: 1548: 1545: 1538: 1533: 1532: 1528: 1525: 1522: 1519: 1516: 1513: 1506: 1502: 1501: 1496: 1492: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1474: 1471: 1468: 1461: 1456: 1455: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1442: 1439: 1436: 1429: 1425: 1424: 1420: (white) 1419: 1418: 1413: 1409: 1407: 1403: 1399: 1397: 1393: 1389: 1385: 1383: 1379: 1369: 1365: 1359: 1355: 1349: 1347: 1343: 1339: 1337: 1336:Boiling point 1333: 1327: 1323: 1321: 1320:Melting point 1317: 1314: 1311: 1307: 1301: 1297: 1292: 1288: 1284: 1280: 1276: 1274: 1270: 1267: 1261: 1259: 1255: 1252: 1251:period 3 1249: 1247: 1243: 1240: 1237: 1235: 1231: 1227: 1222: 1217: 1216:Atomic number 1212: 1201: 1193: 1189: 1186: 1174: 1171: 1164: 1159: 1157: 1152: 1150: 1145: 1143: 1138: 1136: 1131: 1129: 1124: 1122: 1117: 1115: 1110: 1108: 1103: 1101: 1096: 1094: 1089: 1087: 1082: 1080: 1075: 1073: 1068: 1066: 1064:Rutherfordium 1061: 1059: 1054: 1052: 1047: 1045: 1040: 1038: 1033: 1031: 1026: 1024: 1019: 1017: 1012: 1010: 1005: 1003: 998: 996: 991: 989: 984: 982: 977: 975: 970: 968: 963: 961: 956: 954: 949: 947: 942: 941: 938: 933: 931: 926: 924: 919: 917: 912: 910: 905: 903: 898: 896: 891: 889: 884: 882: 877: 875: 870: 868: 863: 861: 856: 854: 849: 847: 842: 840: 835: 833: 828: 826: 821: 819: 814: 812: 807: 805: 800: 798: 793: 791: 786: 784: 779: 777: 772: 770: 765: 763: 758: 756: 751: 749: 744: 742: 737: 735: 730: 728: 723: 721: 716: 715: 712: 707: 705: 700: 698: 693: 691: 686: 684: 679: 677: 672: 670: 665: 663: 658: 656: 651: 649: 644: 642: 637: 635: 630: 628: 623: 621: 616: 614: 609: 607: 602: 598: 596: 591: 589: 584: 583: 580: 575: 573: 568: 566: 561: 559: 554: 552: 547: 545: 540: 538: 533: 531: 526: 524: 519: 517: 512: 510: 505: 503: 498: 496: 491: 489: 484: 482: 477: 475: 470: 466: 461: 459: 454: 453: 450: 445: 443: 438: 436: 431: 429: 424: 422: 417: 415: 410: 406: 401: 399: 394: 393: 390: 385: 383: 378: 376: 371: 369: 364: 362: 357: 355: 350: 346: 341: 339: 334: 333: 330: 325: 321: 316: 315: 311: 310: 307: 306: 302: 299: 294: 290: 286: 284: 283:Earth's crust 279: 276: 272: 268: 264: 257: 246: 225: 224: 222: 219: 211: 207: 203: 199: 195: 191: 187: 183: 181: 177: 172: 171: 157: 125: 123:Pronunciation 121: 116: 104: 90: 76: 64: 49: 34: 30: 19: 11626: 11326: 11305: 11286:. Retrieved 11271: 11261: 11232: 11198: 11180: 11167: 11135:. Retrieved 11120: 11100: 11071: 11034: 11030: 10985: 10981: 10953:. Retrieved 10949:the original 10944: 10920: 10898:. Retrieved 10889: 10878:. Retrieved 10874:the original 10864: 10853:. Retrieved 10823: 10819: 10813: 10802:. Retrieved 10798: 10789: 10778:. Retrieved 10774:the original 10750:. Retrieved 10741: 10730: 10718:. Retrieved 10714:the original 10709: 10700: 10683: 10670: 10664: 10647: 10604: 10601:"Phosphorus" 10591: 10564: 10558: 10548: 10513: 10509: 10499: 10479: 10472: 10455: 10436: 10432: 10422: 10410: 10391: 10385: 10366: 10360: 10341: 10323:Pyrotechnics 10322: 10316: 10307: 10303: 10297: 10288: 10284: 10274: 10249: 10245: 10232: 10200:(2): 83–99. 10197: 10193: 10183: 10164: 10158: 10139: 10133: 10114: 10108: 10089: 10049: 10043: 10032:. Retrieved 10028:the original 10023: 10014: 10003:. Retrieved 9996:the original 9991: 9979: 9946: 9942: 9936: 9883: 9879: 9869: 9849: 9812: 9806: 9796: 9769: 9765: 9755: 9744:. 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Retrieved 8113:the original 8100: 8096: 8083: 8071: 8056: 8051:, p. 51 8044: 8029: 8024: 8016:Mother Jones 8015: 7985:. Retrieved 7975: 7963:. Retrieved 7957: 7947: 7910: 7906: 7888: 7837: 7833: 7827: 7816:. Retrieved 7809:the original 7796: 7745: 7741: 7735: 7710: 7706: 7693: 7683:Sommers 2007 7658: 7654: 7648: 7621:. Retrieved 7612: 7609:"Phosphorus" 7603: 7592:. Retrieved 7583: 7564: 7558: 7533: 7530:Inorg. Chem. 7528: 7522: 7497: 7493: 7487: 7462: 7458: 7452: 7433: 7408: 7397:. Retrieved 7382: 7332: 7326: 7301: 7247: 7241: 7235: 7172: 7166: 7147: 7141: 7108: 7104: 7097: 7080: 7076: 7070: 7065:. ptable.com 7036: 7019: 7015: 6984: 6978: 6955: 6948: 6929: 6895: 6891: 6885: 6860: 6856: 6850: 6841: 6833: 6808: 6797: 6779: 6767:Bibliography 6755: 6699: 6671: 6658: 6653: 6647: 6636: 6630:, etc.) and 6624:insecticides 6605: 6585: 6582:Food sources 6572: 6557: 6534: 6520:algal blooms 6496:macromineral 6493: 6477:malnutrition 6474: 6378:fluorapatite 6367: 6314: 6302: 6251: 6162:sodium lamps 6142: 6118: 6102: 6090:lead dioxide 6079: 6037: 6016:plasticisers 5997: 5840: 5807: 5761: 5728:preservative 5713: 5702: 5694: 5686:Applications 5536: 5534:as follows: 5517: 5512: 5508: 5506: 5497: 5484:incineration 5473: 5456:Global South 5444: 5429: 5409: 5393: 5373: 5323:agricultural 5309: 5303: 5284: 5270: 5263: 5239:South Africa 5235:Saudi Arabia 5208: 5197: 5190: 5177: 5175: 5151: 5126: 5083: 5055:raw material 5052: 5004: 4972: 4913: 4889: 4849:+ 30 C → 3 P 4767: 4750: 4741: 4721:World War II 4697: 4653: 4650:Incendiaries 4633: 4617: 4590: 4538: 4515: 4512: 4447: 4435:Robert Boyle 4424: 4399: 4394: 4387:distillation 4385:through the 4371:Hennig Brand 4368: 4364:Robert Boyle 4340: 4336: 4328: 4324: 4322: 4300: 4298: 4253:, affording 4248: 4208: 4185:+ 6 Na + 3 C 4168: 4130: 4112: 4105: 4096: 4086: 4072: 4037: 4027:acid, salts 4000:acid, salts 3937: 3930: 3918: 3901: 3895: 3884: 3870:acid, salts 3820:acid, salts 3792:acid, salts 3730: 3702: 3696: 3666: 3636: 3627: 3576: 3565: 3514: 3500: 3498: 3408: 3397: 3379: 3315: 3306: 3301:O + PO 3278: 3246: 3212: 3134: 3055: 3035: 3033:in general. 3008: 2928: 2896:DNA and RNA 2894:radiolabeled 2863: 2855:nuclear spin 2815: 2789: 2783: 2781: 2757: 2748:Robert Boyle 2745: 2721: 2707: 2693: 2671: 2551:Orthorhombic 2530:Body-centred 2484:diphosphorus 2474: 2426:, the least 2421: 2413: 2281:composed of 2272: 2265: 2245:nerve agents 2227:consumed as 2185: 2146: 2139:Morning Star 2114: 2089: 2078: 2077: 2010:25.35 d 1939: 1865: (1669) 1862:Hennig Brand 1832:white: 5 GPa 1828:Bulk modulus 1776: 1771: 1766: 1745:orthorhombic 1732: 1711:(bcc) ( 1594: 1588: 1582: 1536: 1504: 1494: 1459: 1427: 1416: 1220: 1106:Darmstadtium 973:Protactinium 747:Praseodymium 425: 209: 33: 11054:10453/31261 10799:www.cdc.gov 10433:J Biol Chem 8643:10261/45241 8292:Emsley 2002 8229:Der Spiegel 8205:Beatty 2000 8065:p. 389 7899:Caselli, P. 7895:Altwegg, K. 7642:Emsley 2000 6612:neurotoxins 6594:Precautions 6214:smoke bombs 6176:soft drinks 5987:Detergents 5795:plant roots 5771:fertilisers 5768:agriculture 5714:Food-grade 5317:introduced 5075:fertilizers 5033:+ 10 CO + P 5021:+ 10 C → Ca 4883:+ 10 CO + P 4805:to produce 4747:Wet process 4613:flare stack 4477:+ 10 C → 2 4329:phosphorous 4327:. The word 3731:Phosphorus 3709:diphosphine 3622:diphosphene 3572:haemoglobin 3466:Lewis acids 3398:With metal 2925:sequencing. 2601:Cmce No.64 2598:P2/c No.13 2578:Space group 2348:(11 nA/T). 2338:delocalized 2229:fertilisers 2145:. The term 1803:diamagnetic 1651:107±3 1529:100 k 1497: (red) 1452:100 k 1362:(near 1281:] 3s 3p 1148:Livermorium 1120:Copernicium 1113:Roentgenium 1043:Mendelevium 1029:Einsteinium 1022:Californium 13253:Pnictogens 13243:Phosphorus 13237:Categories 12677:Phosphides 11288:2013-10-22 11199:Phosphorus 11137:3 February 10955:2 February 10921:Phosphorus 10900:2009-05-05 10880:2009-05-05 10855:2009-05-05 10804:2015-11-21 10780:2009-05-05 10752:2009-05-05 10415:Ruttenberg 10034:2020-08-17 10005:2020-08-17 9746:2021-08-31 9560:2024-06-21 9505:Burns 2010 9361:2017-04-01 9165:2015-05-12 8980:(1): 2–6. 8722:2023-04-09 8681:2009-06-06 8466:2017-03-20 8122:2009-05-24 7987:2009-06-06 7965:16 January 7920:1911.11647 7818:2010-11-18 7755:1901.07632 7687:p. 25 7623:2009-05-05 7594:2009-05-05 7399:2011-11-19 6838:Phosphorus 6772:References 6639:phossy jaw 6632:weaponised 6628:fungicides 6620:herbicides 6616:pesticides 6512:ecosystems 6500:edaphology 6246:See also: 6024:pesticides 5756:See also: 5752:Fertiliser 5746:Fertiliser 5718:(additive 5532:beta decay 5449:and human 5424:windbreaks 5396:sanitation 5326:fertilizer 5178:phosphorus 5140:Background 4845:F + 18 SiO 4775:short tons 4727:Production 4709:phossy jaw 4700:poisonings 4682:). During 4622:(see also 4498:+ 10 CO + 4325:phosphorus 4301:Phosphorus 4273:OH → OP(OC 3766:Compounds 3650:phosphides 3638:Phosphides 3171:See also: 3015:supernovae 2998:See also: 2994:Occurrence 2976:Monitoring 2546:Monoclinic 2437:pyrophoric 2294:tetrahedra 2268:allotropes 2256:Allotropes 2241:pesticides 2237:detergents 2192:phosphates 2079:Phosphorus 2071:references 1840:CAS Number 1696:primordial 1526:10 k 1449:10 k 1196:phosphorus 1155:Tennessine 1099:Meitnerium 1078:Seaborgium 1057:Lawrencium 796:Dysprosium 782:Gadolinium 761:Promethium 633:Technetium 626:Molybdenum 427:Phosphorus 193:Appearance 180:Allotropes 118:Phosphorus 68:Waxy white 11218:cite book 11063:2071-1050 11010:0959-3780 10439:: 55–70. 9963:0036-8075 9910:0027-8424 9692:253349703 9684:1935-3804 9290:0959-3780 9094:(2): 32. 9066:2190-4987 8957:9 October 8911:9 January 8882:206562728 8866:0036-8075 8493:The Times 8209:p. 7 8178:(1): 11. 7939:208290964 7847:1312.3807 7125:0002-7863 7063:Abundance 6825:1365-3075 6710:ephedrine 6666:ointments 6568:lactation 6526:Nutrition 6216:, and in 6149:corrosion 5783:phosphate 5732:Coca-Cola 5617:− 5613:β 5593:→ 5571:γ 5416:terracing 5334:30 meters 5243:Australia 5182:phosphate 4680:flammable 4676:Zeppelins 4593:fire clay 4535:, c. 1860 4355:Discovery 4337:sulfurous 4299:The name 4295:Etymology 4233:OH → P(OC 4058:PN, and I 3721:hydrazine 3668:Phosphine 3646:phosphine 3642:phosphide 3620:A stable 3391:) is the 3167:Compounds 3110:Tennessee 3031:Milky Way 2980:Shielding 2890:half-life 2785:phosphors 2689:amorphous 2541:Amorphous 2536:Triclinic 2527:Symmetry 2513:white(β) 2510:white(α) 2433:flammable 2344:molecule 2181:moscovium 2161:pnictogen 2153:oxidation 2110:phosphate 2085:; it has 1935:half-life 1857:Discovery 1523:1 k 1446:1 k 1162:Oganesson 1141:Moscovium 1134:Flerovium 1015:Berkelium 1001:Americium 994:Plutonium 987:Neptunium 824:Ytterbium 754:Neodymium 733:Lanthanum 696:Tellurium 654:Palladium 640:Ruthenium 612:Zirconium 594:Strontium 550:Germanium 501:Manganese 457:Potassium 413:Aluminium 404:Magnesium 344:Beryllium 275:Abundance 215:°(P) 80:Light red 11185:Archived 10631:23115811 10599:(1997). 10540:18583681 10224:14449812 9971:19229022 9928:15972805 9831:25364887 9788:12481178 9740:Archived 9710:Archived 9489:Archived 9328:19812648 8994:21969145 8874:25954014 8652:19406560 8599:32607432 8547:23151541 8358:Toy 1975 8061:Toy 1975 7959:Phys.org 7880:35593706 7872:24337291 7788:73508148 7780:30822058 7617:Archived 7550:17439206 7280:27740669 7272:16946068 7133:20515032 6912:16903744 6877:18937460 6736:See also 6555:(DRIs). 6510:in many 6306:glycerol 6202:military 6125:abrasion 5764:nitrogen 5518:Neutron 5509:chemical 5492:struvite 5462:such as 5370:Overview 5304:In 1609 5098:reserves 5059:peak oil 5007:charcoal 4966:+ 2 CaSO 4916:bone ash 4705:necrosis 4674:-filled 4672:hydrogen 4601:charcoal 4586:bone ash 4389:of some 4341:sulfuric 4205:+ 6 NaCl 4193:Cl → P(C 4121:Sulfides 4115:alkoxide 4034:Nitrides 3733:oxoacids 3727:Oxoacids 3648:. Other 3480:that is 3472:forms PF 3141:bone ash 3058:minerals 3005:Universe 2944:and any 2818:isotopes 2806:Isotopes 2728:sunlight 2717:graphite 2713:graphite 2630:Band gap 2424:volatile 2342:aromatic 2224:bone ash 2173:antimony 2165:nitrogen 2126:Φωσφόρος 2106:reactive 1534:at 1457:at 1303:at 1127:Nihonium 1050:Nobelium 959:Actinium 945:Francium 929:Astatine 922:Polonium 901:Thallium 880:Platinum 852:Tungsten 845:Tantalum 831:Lutetium 775:Europium 768:Samarium 689:Antimony 587:Rubidium 564:Selenium 494:Chromium 487:Vanadium 480:Titanium 473:Scandium 441:Chlorine 381:Fluorine 367:Nitrogen 319:Hydrogen 256:abridged 12623:p-block 12618:d-block 12613:f-block 12608:s-block 11179:, from 11018:1450932 10990:Bibcode 10658:. 2017. 10639:8768378 10583:8642449 10531:2440847 10254:Bibcode 10215:1038164 9943:Science 9919:1177388 9888:Bibcode 9716:22 July 9419:, 2021. 9336:4419892 9270:Bibcode 9198:5 April 9044:Bibcode 8940:Bibcode 8846:Science 8810:Bibcode 8781:7 April 8622:Bibcode 8590:7318074 8525:Bibcode 8180:Bibcode 7852:Bibcode 7834:Science 7760:Bibcode 7715:Bibcode 7502:Bibcode 7467:Bibcode 7252:Bibcode 7243:Science 6840:at the 6791:. 2013. 6760:clearly 6662:debride 6588:protein 6317:apatite 6094:nitrate 6062:Matches 5711:(DRI). 5705:mineral 5513:nuclear 5464:cholera 5451:excreta 5251:Finland 5223:Algeria 5211:Morocco 5118:Algeria 5102:Morocco 5067:Morocco 5013:3 Ca(PO 4989:→ Ca(PO 4875:+ 6 SiO 4857:+ 2 CaF 4596:retorts 4379:Hamburg 4290:History 4285:+ 3 HCl 4245:+ 3 HCl 4211:phenols 4109:+ 4 HCl 4095:Cl → 1/ 4018:(ortho) 3900:salts ( 3757:Formula 3559:→ 4 PCl 3492:, (POCl 3484:with SF 3400:cations 3273:O + HPO 3102:Florida 3090:Morocco 3086:Tunisia 3082:Algeria 3078:Morocco 3074:Amazigh 3066:apatite 2942:corneas 2842:. Only 2699:Hittorf 2656:1.8244 2609:(g/cm) 2607:Density 2519:violet 2346:benzene 2296:. This 2177:bismuth 2169:arsenic 2133:Lucifer 1851:History 1747: ( 1638:) 1358:Density 1289:2, 8, 5 1266:p-block 1192:silicon 1092:Hassium 1085:Bohrium 1071:Dubnium 1036:Fermium 980:Uranium 966:Thorium 915:Bismuth 873:Iridium 859:Rhenium 838:Hafnium 817:Thulium 803:Holmium 789:Terbium 719:Caesium 668:Cadmium 647:Rhodium 619:Niobium 605:Yttrium 578:Krypton 571:Bromine 557:Arsenic 543:Gallium 464:Calcium 420:Silicon 337:Lithium 254: ( 170:-fər-əs 162: 11312: 11279: 11249: 11206: 11128: 11107: 11088: 11061: 11016: 11008: 10968: 10928: 10720:16 May 10637: 10629: 10619: 10581: 10538: 10528: 10487: 10463: 10398: 10373: 10329: 10222: 10212: 10171: 10146: 10121: 10056: 9969: 9961: 9926: 9916: 9908: 9857: 9829: 9786: 9690: 9682: 9644: 9619: 9495:, 2010 9469: 9441: 9387: 9334: 9326: 9308:Nature 9288: 9148: 9064: 8992: 8880: 8872: 8864: 8767: 8650: 8597: 8587: 8545: 8517:Nature 8462:. USGS 8430: 8341: 8275: 8250: 8156: 8139: 8036: 7983:. USGS 7937: 7878: 7870: 7786: 7778: 7571: 7548: 7440: 7390: 7339: 7314: 7278: 7270: 7226: 7179: 7154: 7131: 7123: 7043: 6991: 6966: 6936: 6910: 6875: 6823: 6728:under 6702:iodine 6608:esters 6232:dopant 6208:, for 6192:cheese 5847:sulfur 5447:manure 5259:Jordan 5255:Russia 5231:Brazil 5090:mining 5086:scarce 4954:→ Ca(H 4817:. The 4801:, and 4692:petrol 4605:retort 4412:)NaHPO 4335:forms 4333:sulfur 4078:trimer 4054:PN, Br 4050:PN, Cl 3970:salts 3840:salts 3744:, and 3555:+ 6 Cl 3457:Brand 3372:+ 2 H 3360:→ Na 3352:+ NaH 3179:, and 3157:sewage 3149:Sweden 3098:Russia 3042:ROSINA 2984:X-rays 2898:probes 2612:1.828 2532:cubic 2522:black 2470:napalm 2395:Violet 2243:, and 2222:, and 2210:, and 2179:, and 2121:oxygen 2087:symbol 2039: 2006:trace 1968:stable 1877:(1777) 1805: 1655: 1602:oxide) 1600:acidic 1592:, +4, 1540: 1508: 1463: 1431: 1390: 1388:kJ/mol 1360: 1263: 1246:Period 1200:sulfur 1008:Curium 952:Radium 866:Osmium 810:Erbium 740:Cerium 726:Barium 703:Iodine 675:Indium 661:Silver 529:Copper 522:Nickel 515:Cobalt 434:Sulfur 397:Sodium 374:Oxygen 360:Carbon 328:Helium 248:30.974 227:30.973 160: 11014:S2CID 10692:(PDF) 10675:(PDF) 10656:(PDF) 10635:S2CID 10242:(PDF) 9999:(PDF) 9988:(PDF) 9688:S2CID 9332:S2CID 9192:(PDF) 9185:(PDF) 9159:(PDF) 9142:(PDF) 9084:(PDF) 9032:(PDF) 8878:S2CID 8488:(PDF) 8460:(PDF) 8116:(PDF) 8093:(PDF) 7935:S2CID 7915:arXiv 7876:S2CID 7842:arXiv 7812:(PDF) 7805:(PDF) 7784:S2CID 7750:arXiv 7703:(PDF) 7276:S2CID 7010:cf. " 6960:(PDF) 6789:CIAAW 6748:Notes 6643:toxic 6310:ester 6294:bones 6076:Match 6048:CuOFP 6040:steel 5890:CaHPO 5814:(Ca(H 5724:colas 5363:Nauru 5338:Moche 5319:guano 5300:Guano 5288:China 5261:0.8. 5257:0.6, 5253:1.0, 5249:1.0, 5245:1.1, 5241:1.4, 5237:1.4, 5233:1.6, 5229:1.8, 5227:Syria 5225:2.2, 5221:2.8, 5219:Egypt 5217:3.2, 5215:China 5122:Syria 5114:Egypt 5110:China 4997:+ 2 H 4946:+ 2 H 4926:with 4737:Nauru 4656:match 4620:guano 4529:Guano 4391:salts 4375:urine 4309:Greek 4305:Venus 4265:+ 3 C 4225:+ 3 C 4147:and P 4099:(NPCl 3912:H(HPO 3478:anion 3476:, an 3324:and H 3297:O ⇌ H 3269:O ⇌ H 3237:O + H 3233:O ⇌ H 3202:and P 3145:guano 3137:urine 3130:guano 3106:Idaho 3094:China 2646:0.34 2632:(eV) 2624:2.69 2621:2.36 2618:~2.2 2615:1.88 2593:No.2 2569:mP84 2564:aP24 2507:Form 2428:dense 2407:Black 2369:White 2220:urine 2216:cells 2143:Venus 2081:is a 1980:trace 1964:100% 1921:Decay 1816:−20.8 1713:cI232 1313:solid 1300:Phase 1277:[ 1258:Block 1234:Group 936:Radon 710:Xenon 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6348:and 6323:and 6272:and 6266:life 6186:and 6182:for 6010:and 5942:POCl 5864:Ca(H 5858:Use 5720:E338 5647:2.62 5530:and 5383:and 5342:Peru 5213:50, 5120:and 5063:USGS 4977:Ca(H 4900:slag 4863:2 Ca 4833:4 Ca 4803:coke 4785:(as 4546:and 4465:+ 2 4455:NaPO 4339:and 4261:OPCl 4091:+ NH 3878:(HPO 3760:Name 3686:, Ca 3529:and 3415:and 3344:2 Na 3114:Utah 3084:and 3040:and 3038:ALMA 3023:iron 2986:via 2886:beta 2884:, a 2864:Two 2788:and 2703:lead 2666:2.4 2663:2.6 2643:1.5 2640:1.8 2635:2.1 2572:oS8 2516:red 2478:of P 2464:): P 2435:and 2188:life 2100:and 2092:and 2063:edit 2056:talk 2049:view 1950:mode 1636:more 1561:704 1558:635 1555:576 1552:529 1549:489 1546:455 1520:100 1510:(Pa) 1484:549 1481:453 1478:388 1475:342 1472:307 1469:279 1443:100 1433:(Pa) 1364:r.t. 908:Lead 887:Gold 536:Zinc 508:Iron 388:Neon 13081:PCl 13073:PCl 13065:PBr 13057:PBr 13049:PBr 13029:ZrP 13023:ZrP 13003:ZnP 12998:YbP 12988:TmP 12979:ThP 12969:SnP 12963:TbP 12942:SmP 12936:SmP 12931:ScP 12926:PuP 12917:PrP 12911:PrP 12902:PtP 12881:OsP 12861:NpP 12856:NdP 12851:NbP 12831:MoP 12825:MoP 12820:LuP 12806:LaP 12801:InP 12796:HoP 12791:HfP 12777:FeP 12772:AuP 12767:GdP 12762:EuP 12757:ErP 12752:DyP 12700:BiP 12690:AsP 12685:AlP 11239:doi 11078:doi 11049:hdl 11039:doi 10998:doi 10828:doi 10609:doi 10569:doi 10565:126 10526:PMC 10518:doi 10514:336 10510:BMJ 10441:doi 10437:155 10308:126 10262:doi 10210:PMC 10202:doi 9951:doi 9947:323 9914:PMC 9896:doi 9884:102 9817:doi 9813:161 9774:doi 9770:193 9672:doi 9530:doi 9316:doi 9312:461 9278:doi 9096:doi 9052:doi 8982:doi 8948:doi 8854:doi 8850:348 8818:doi 8638:hdl 8630:doi 8585:PMC 8577:doi 8533:doi 8521:491 8188:doi 8105:doi 7925:doi 7911:492 7860:doi 7838:342 7768:doi 7746:122 7723:doi 7663:doi 7538:doi 7510:doi 7475:doi 7260:doi 7248:313 7113:doi 7109:132 7085:doi 7081:130 6900:doi 6865:doi 6861:130 6813:doi 6724:as 6716:to 6712:or 6704:to 6489:ATP 6436:(PO 6394:(PO 6350:HPO 6274:RNA 6270:DNA 6234:in 5925:PCl 5894:·2H 5830:·2H 5785:(PO 5680:MIT 5389:soy 5108:), 5092:of 5081:. 5025:(PO 4938:(PO 4867:(PO 4837:(PO 4791:SiO 4719:in 4565:(PO 4488:SiO 4467:SiO 4403:(NH 4351:). 4320:). 4221:PCl 4181:PCl 4087:PCl 3828:HPO 3670:(PH 3580:, P 3531:PBr 3524:PCl 3448:PBr 3438:PCl 3410:PCl 3406:). 3348:HPO 3318:ATP 3293:+ H 3289:HPO 3265:+ H 3229:+ H 3159:or 2923:DNA 2904:or 2831:to 2586:3m 2486:, P 2381:Red 2235:in 2208:ATP 2204:RNA 2200:DNA 2183:. 1943:1/2 1749:oS8 1542:(K) 1517:10 1465:(K) 1440:10 1306:STP 682:Tin 242:005 239:000 232:998 229:761 168:FOS 13239:: 13221:10 13150:PO 13133:PN 13125:PH 13117:PI 13109:PF 13101:PF 13093:Cl 13011:Zn 12993:YP 12951:Sr 12891:Ru 12867:Np 12841:Mo 12811:Li 12782:Fe 12743:Cu 12731:Cd 12719:Ca 12706:Cs 12695:BP 12587:Og 12578:Ts 12569:Lv 12560:Mc 12551:Fl 12542:Nh 12533:Cn 12524:Rg 12515:Ds 12506:Mt 12497:Hs 12488:Bh 12479:Sg 12470:Db 12461:Rf 12452:Lr 12443:No 12434:Md 12425:Fm 12416:Es 12407:Cf 12398:Bk 12389:Cm 12380:Am 12371:Pu 12362:Np 12344:Pa 12335:Th 12326:Ac 12317:Ra 12308:Fr 12292:Rn 12283:At 12274:Po 12265:Bi 12256:Pb 12247:Tl 12238:Hg 12229:Au 12220:Pt 12211:Ir 12202:Os 12193:Re 12175:Ta 12166:Hf 12157:Lu 12148:Yb 12139:Tm 12130:Er 12121:Ho 12112:Dy 12103:Tb 12094:Gd 12085:Eu 12076:Sm 12067:Pm 12058:Nd 12049:Pr 12040:Ce 12031:La 12022:Ba 12013:Cs 11997:Xe 11979:Te 11970:Sb 11961:Sn 11952:In 11943:Cd 11934:Ag 11925:Pd 11916:Rh 11907:Ru 11898:Tc 11889:Mo 11880:Nb 11871:Zr 11851:Sr 11842:Rb 11826:Kr 11817:Br 11808:Se 11799:As 11790:Ge 11781:Ga 11772:Zn 11763:Cu 11754:Ni 11745:Co 11736:Fe 11727:Mn 11718:Cr 11700:Ti 11691:Sc 11680:Ca 11655:Ar 11646:Cl 11619:Si 11610:Al 11599:Mg 11590:Na 11574:Ne 11518:Be 11509:Li 11493:He 11468:18 11463:17 11458:16 11453:15 11448:14 11443:13 11438:12 11433:11 11428:10 11245:. 11220:}} 11216:{{ 11183:. 11084:. 11057:. 11047:. 11033:. 11029:. 11012:. 11004:. 10996:. 10986:19 10984:. 10943:. 10840:^ 10824:48 10822:. 10797:. 10761:^ 10708:. 10633:. 10625:. 10615:. 10603:. 10577:. 10563:. 10557:. 10534:. 10524:. 10512:. 10508:. 10435:. 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