3190:
5553:
3182:
1243:
5827:
5824:
2804:
5681:
2653:
78:
5673:
386:
346:
1006:. In most cases, these contaminations were involuntary; however, there are also reports of intentional infection. Despite this, millions of Brazilians have indigenous ancestry. In Brazilian history, the practice of "cunhadismo" was very common; it was an ancient indigenous practice of incorporating strangers into their community, through the delivery of indigenous girls as wives. In this context, many Portuguese settlers had relationships with indigenous women, whose descendants make up a large part of the current Brazilian population.
2824:
284:
472:
1220:
2637:
178:
514:
112:
1208:
2096:
304:
156:
1231:
534:
134:
2548:
492:
408:
450:
2816:
430:
2792:
869:
262:
3698:
7663:
366:
324:
222:
3863:"In Brazil the predominant European sub-component matches mostly the Portugal/West-Spain reference group while in Mexico, Colombia, Peru and Chile mostly Central/South-Spanish ancestry is inferred (Figures 1C and 2B). This differentiation matches the colonial history, Portuguese migration having concentrated in Eastern South America while the Spanish settled mainly in Central America and Western South America".
242:
200:
3636:(male lineages) in white Brazilian males, regardless of their regional source, is of European origin (>90% contribution), with a very low frequency of sub-Saharan African chromosomes and a complete absence of Amerindian contributions. These results configure a picture of strong directional mating in Brazil involving European males, on one side, and European, African and Amerindian females, on the other.
5391:
3218:
3206:
5387:
3084:"In all regions studied, the European ancestry was predominant, with proportions ranging from 60.6% in the Northeast to 77.7% in the South". The 2011 autosomal study samples came from blood donors (the lowest classes constitute the great majority of blood donors in Brazil), and also public health institutions personnel and health students.
1324:, many people who had no Oriental origin for some reason classified themselves as "Yellow" in the census. As a consequence, Piauí and other states appeared ahead of the state of São Paulo when it comes to their Yellow proportion, even though it is historically known that most Asian immigrants, mostly Japanese, settled in São Paulo.
1100:
mining. The demand for slaves did not suffer from the decline of the mining industry in the second half of the 18th century. Livestock and food production proliferated along with population growth, both heavily dependent on slave labor. The rise of coffee economy after the 1830s further expanded the
Atlantic slave trade to Brazil.
1168:. In the Brazilian 1920 census, more than 90% of foreigners were concentrated in the states of the Southeast and South regions and more than 70% were in just two regions: São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro. A large part of this immigration was encouraged by the Brazilian government and was linked to the production of
6516:
C.; Burley, Mari-Wyn; Konca, Esra; De
Oliveira, Marcelo Zagonel; Veronez, Mauricio Roberto; Rubio-Codina, Marta; Attanasio, Orazio; Gibbon, Sahra; Ray, Nicolas; Gallo, Carla; Poletti, Giovanni; Rosique, Javier; Schuler-Faccini, Lavinia; Salzano, Francisco M.; Bortolini, Maria-Cátira; et al. (2014).
3521:
nor admixture. They are very general genetic snapshots, primarily useful in examining past population group migratory patterns. Only autosomal DNA testing can reveal admixture structures, since it analyses millions of alleles from both maternal and paternal sides. Contrary to yDNA or mtDNA, which are
6515:
Ruiz-Linares, Andrés; Adhikari, Kaustubh; Acuña-Alonzo, Victor; Quinto-Sanchez, Mirsha; Jaramillo, Claudia; Arias, William; Fuentes, Macarena; Pizarro, María; Everardo, Paola; De Avila, Francisco; Gómez-Valdés, Jorge; León-Mimila, Paola; Hunemeier, Tábita; Ramallo, Virginia; Silva De
Cerqueira, Caio
6153:
Saloum De Neves Manta, Fernanda; Pereira, Rui; Vianna, Romulo; Rodolfo
Beuttenmüller De Araújo, Alfredo; Leite Góes Gitaí, Daniel; Aparecida Da Silva, Dayse; De Vargas Wolfgramm, Eldamária; Da Mota Pontes, Isabel; Ivan Aguiar, José; Ozório Moraes, Milton; Fagundes De Carvalho, Elizeu; Gusmão, Leonor
1035:
estimated, for the entire 18th century, that between 300,000 and 500,000 Portuguese arrived in Brazil. Maria Luiza
Marcilio pointed to an intermediate number: 400,000. Considering that Portugal only had 2 million inhabitants in 1700, it was a mass emigration. The reason for this mass emigration lies
756:
and duties of the
Brazilian citizen by birth, but cannot occupy some special public positions such as the Presidency of the Republic, Vice-presidency of the Republic, Minister (Secretary) of Defense, Presidency (Speaker) of the Senate, Presidency (Speaker) of the House of Representatives, Officer of
3497:
dominates in the whole of Brazil (in all regions), accounting for 65.90% of ancestry of the population, followed by the
African contribution (24.80%) and the Native American (9.3%). A more recent study, from 2013, found the following composition in São Paulo state: 61.9% European, 25.5% African and
1184:
However, many of these immigrants arrived spontaneously, without any help from the
Brazilian government, and were attracted by the increase in urban dynamism, mainly in the Southeast region, largely linked to the surplus of wealth produced by the coffee activity, giving rise to an incipient process
1009:
The
European ancestry of Brazilians is mainly Portuguese. Between 1500 and 1822, Brazil was a Portuguese colony and the number of Portuguese who emigrated to Brazil, during this period, is estimated at between 500,000 and 700,000. According to the IBGE, 100,000 Portuguese emigrated to Brazil in the
3252:
In this work we analyzed the information content of 28 ancestry-informative SNPs into multiplexed panels using three parental population sources (African, Amerindian, and
European) to infer the genetic admixture in an urban sample of the five Brazilian geopolitical regions. The SNPs assigned apart
1327:
Racial classifications in Brazil are fluid. Many Brazilians "change" their race throughout their lives. According to a study, in the analyzed period of nine months, between 2002 and 2014, 22.9% of Brazilians "changed" their race. For example, 19.6% of the people who said they were Brown in a first
1099:
Slave labor was the driving force behind the growth of the sugar economy in Brazil, and sugar was the colony's main export product, from 1600 to 1650. Gold and diamond deposits were discovered in Brazil from 1690 onwards, which generated an increase in the importation of slaves, to supply labor in
3271:
suggested little genetic differentiation only between the South and the remaining regions. Estimates of ancestry results are consistent with the heterogeneous genetic profile of Brazilian population, with a major contribution of European ancestry (0.771) followed by African (0.143) and Amerindian
5575:
Pena, Sérgio D. J.; Di Pietro, Giuliano; Fuchshuber-Moraes, Mateus; Genro, Julia Pasqualini; Hutz, Mara H.; Kehdy, Fernanda de Souza Gomes; Kohlrausch, Fabiana; Magno, Luiz Alexandre Viana; Montenegro, Raquel Carvalho; Moraes, Manoel Odorico; de Moraes, Maria Elisabete Amaral (16 February 2011).
1180:
Another model of immigration encouraged by the Brazilian government was aimed at agricultural colonization, mainly in the South of the country, where access to small rural properties for European immigrants was facilitated, mainly as a way of filling demographic voids and overcoming the constant
2967:
The populations in the North consisted of a significant proportion of Native American ancestry that was about two times higher than the African contribution. Conversely, in the Northeast, Center-West and Southeast, African ancestry was the second most prevalent. At an intrapopulation level, all
1103:
When Brazil was a Portuguese colony, the number of Africans who entered Brazil was much greater than that of Europeans. According to Historians James Horn and Philip D. Morgan, between 1500 and 1820, 605,000 Portuguese emigrated to Brazil, against 3.2 million Africans brought, a number 5 times
1172:. At the end of the 19th century, Brazil was the largest coffee producer in the world and a significant part of the financial health of the Brazilian government depended on coffee exports. After the abolition of slavery in the 1880s and fearing a shortage of workers in coffee cultivation, the
3639:
In a study from 2016, the authors investigated a set of 41 Y-SNPs in 1217 unrelated males from the five Brazilian geopolitical regions. A total of 22 haplogroups were detected in the whole Brazilian sample, revealing the three major continental origins of the current population, namely from
3080:
study (2011), with nearly 1000 samples from every major race group ("whites", "pardos" and "blacks", according to their respective proportions) all over the country found out a major European contribution, followed by a high African contribution and an important Native American component.
2858:
accounts for 62% of the heritage of the population, followed by the African (21%) and the Native American (17%). The European contribution is highest in Southern Brazil (77%), the African highest in Northeast Brazil (27%) and the Native American is the highest in Northern Brazil (32%).
3505:, found that Brazilians show widespread European ancestry with the highest levels being observed in the south. African ancestry is also widespread (except for the south) and reaches its highest values in the East of the country. Native American ancestry is highest in the north-west (
1030:
that the greatest number of Portuguese arrived in colonial Brazil. According to the IBGE, 600,000 Portuguese emigrated to Brazil, between 1701 and 1760. James Horn and Philip D. Morgan pointed to smaller numbers: 250,000 between 1700 and 1760 and 105,000 between 1760 and 1820.
693:
Anyone born abroad to a Brazilian father or a Brazilian mother, with registration of birth in a Brazilian Embassy or Consulate. Also, a person born abroad to a Brazilian father or a Brazilian mother who was not registered but who, after turning 18 years old, went to live in
4146:
4588:
Horn, James, and Philip D. Morgan. "Settlers and Slaves: European and African Migrations to Early Modern British America." In The Creation of the British Atlantic World, edited by Elizabeth Manke and Carole Shammas. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press,
2058:
São Paulo state has the largest absolute number of Whites, with 30 million Whites, followed by Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro and Paraná, while Santa Catarina, where 83% of the population was classified as White, reaches the highest percentage.
5483:
2964:, found a pred. degree of European ancestry combined with African and Native American contributions, in varying degrees. Following an increasing North to South gradient, European ancestry was the most prevalent in all urban populations (with values up to 74%).
1059:
landed in Brazil. The African ancestors of Brazilians were brought mainly from West-Central Africa. Of the total, 3,396,910 were brought from this area. The region used to be known as Congo Angola, roughly corresponding to the territories of present-day
3678:
was observed to the Central East, Southeast and South. The sample from the Northern region presented the highest Native American ancestry (8.4%), whereas the more pronounced African contribution could be observed in the Northeastern population (15.1%).
6096:
Rodrigues De Moura, Ronald; Coelho, Antonio Victor Campos; De Queiroz Balbino, Valdir; Crovella, Sergio; Brandão, Lucas André Cavalcanti (2015). "Meta-analysis of Brazilian genetic admixture and comparison with other Latin America countrieBold text".
2782:
Indigenous people constitute the fifth largest ethnic group of Brazil, with around 800,000 individuals. This is the only category of the Brazilian "racial" classification that is not based on a skin color, but rather on cultural and ethnic belonging.
1176:
began to subsidize immigration for European workers. The Brazilian government paid for ship's passage for entire immigrant families to work on coffee plantations during a period of about five years, after which they were free to work elsewhere.
3239:, show that, in Brazil, physical indicators such as skin color, color of the eyes and color of the hair have little to do with the genetic ancestry of each person, which has been shown in previous studies (regardless of census classification).
3923:
4800:
6286:
Pena, Sérgio D. J.; Di Pietro, Giuliano; Fuchshuber-Moraes, Mateus; Genro, Julia Pasqualini; Hutz, Mara H.; Kehdy, Fernanda de Souza Gomes; Kohlrausch, Fabiana; Magno, Luiz Alexandre Viana; et al. (2011). Harpending, Henry (ed.).
3272:
contributions (0.085). The described multiplexed SNP panels can be useful tool for bioanthropological studies but it can be mainly valuable to control for spurious results in genetic association studies in admixed populations".
1135:
Many Brazilians are also descendants of immigrants who arrived in the last two centuries. Brazil received more than 5 million immigrants after its independence from Portugal in 1822, most of whom arrived between 1880 and 1920.
4906:
3177:
contribution to the DNA of Brazilians, obtained with samples from the five regions of the country, has indicated that, on average, European ancestors are responsible for nearly 80% of the genetic heritage of the population.
4631:
3686:, with often a non European mtDNA (which points to a non European ancestor somewhere down the maternal line), which is explained by the women marrying newly arrived colonists, during the formation of the Brazilian people.
2054:
Although most Brazilians identify as white, brown or black, genetic studies shows that the overwhelming majority of Brazilians have some degree of a triracial admixture, having European, African and Indigenous ancestry.
4616:
Marcílio, Maria Luiza. A população do Brasil Colonial. In: BETHELL, Leslie (Org.). História de América Latina: América Latina Colonial. São Paulo: Edusp; Brasília: Fundação Alexandre de Gusmão, 1999. p. 311-338. v.
986:. With the arrival of the Portuguese in present-day Brazil, in 1500, a significant part of the indigenous population perished, mainly due to contamination by Eurasian diseases to which the Indians had no biological
6387:
De Assis Poiares, Lilian; De Sá Osorio, Paulo; Spanhol, Fábio Alexandre; Coltre, Sidnei César; Rodenbusch, Rodrigo; Gusmão, Leonor; Largura, Alvaro; Sandrini, Fabiano; Da Silva, Cláudia Maria Dornelles (2010).
605:
Being Brazilian is a civic phenomenon, rather than an ethnic one. As a result, the degree to which Brazilian citizens identify with their ancestral roots varies significantly depending on the individual, the
7507:
3249:. Brazilian population is characterized by a genetic background of three parental populations (European, African, and Brazilian Native Amerindians) with a wide degree and diverse patterns of admixture.
1297:
Between 2011 and 2020, recognitions of refugee status in Brazil by the National Committee for Refugees (Conare) were mostly to Venezuelans (46,412 recognitions), Syrians (3,594) and Congolese (1,050).
1204:
ancestry. Genetic studies have shown that Brazilians, whether classified as "brown", "white" or "black", usually have all three ancestries (European, African and indigenous), varying only in degree.
5237:
3913:
1320:
Considering that the Brazilian census is based on the racial self-declaration of the interviewees, the data may present inconsistencies. For example, in the 2010 census, especially in the state of
4858:
4796:
5365:
5854:
5053:
3229:
The variation between the regions is small, with the possible exception of the South, where the European contribution reaches nearly 90%. The results, published by the scientific magazine
6027:
5970:
3522:
focused on one single lineage (paternal or maternal) the autosomal DNA studies profile the whole ancestry of a given individual, being more accurate in describing the complex patterns of
3388:
An autosomal DNA study from 2009 found a similar profile "all the Brazilian samples (regions) lie more closely to the European group than to the African populations or to the Mestiços".
7514:
4334:
3888:
5807:
4278:
1104:
greater. However, this does not mean that over time the population of African origin remained greater than that of Portuguese origin in the same proportion, given the differences in
7493:
4913:
1328:
interview reclassified themselves as White and 8% reclassified themselves as Black in the second interview (only 72% remained Brown). These data come from the Brazilian government.
7500:
4363:
7526:
5545:
5479:
7323:
5424:
1334:
The color or racial composition of Brazilians varies significantly from region to region. For example, in the 2010 census, 83.9% of the population in the southern state of
1313:, which can be translated to White, Black, Yellow, Brown or Indigenous. The answers are based on self-declaration. According to the census manual, the Yellow category is
4393:
1331:
In the 2010 census, 47.51% of Brazilians classified themselves as White, 43.42% as Brown, 7.52% as Black, 1.10% as Yellow, 0.43% as Indigenous and 0.02% did not answer.
7651:
5457:
8012:
7534:
6727:
610:, and the specific ethnic origins in question. Most often, however, the idea of ethnicity as it is understood in the anglophone world is not popular in the country.
4562:
5336:
6002:
5651:
4248:
6764:
2975:
were highly admixed, and most of the variation in ancestry proportions was observed between individuals within each population rather than among population.
974:). Estimates of the number of Native Americans that were living in present-day Brazil in 1500 vary between 1 and 5 million. They were divided into two major
6437:
5229:
5113:
4423:
5879:
5142:
6861:
4300:
649:
6077:
6679:
5733:
4009:
5174:
4832:
4469:
3682:
In the Brazilian "white" and "pardos" the autosomal ancestry (the sum of the ancestors of a given individual) tends to be in most cases predominantly
3533:
in 2000 who analysed 247 samples (mainly identified as "white" in Brazil) who came from four of the five major geographic regions of the country, the
6389:
5361:
4940:
Balán, J. (1973) - Migrações e desenvolvimento capitalista no Brasil: ensaio de interpretação histórico-comparativa. Estudos Cebrap, São Paulo, (5).
4598:
Altman, Ida, and James Horn, eds. "To Make America": European Emigration in the Early Modern Period. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991.
5847:
5318:
6616:
Resque, Rafael; Gusmão, Leonor; Geppert, Maria; Roewer, Lutz; Palha, Teresinha; Alvarez, Luis; Ribeiro-Dos-Santos, Ândrea; Santos, Sidney (2016).
5046:
4130:
3898:
2703:
The number of Japanese Brazilians stands around 2 million descendants and the Japanese community also comprises around 50,000 Japanese nationals.
3655:
contributions (95.7% and 93.6%, respectively). The Southeastern region presented significant European (86.1%) and African (12.0%) contributions.
765:
6019:
7644:
5531:
3189:
4326:
602:, which means that it is home to people of many ethnic origins, and there is no correlation between one's stock and their Brazilian identity.
8601:
6367:
4774:
4690:
5506:
5206:
5083:
7969:
5984:
5804:
5707:
4270:
2811:, nicknamed "the Brazilian bombshell", was born in Portugal and emigrated with her family to Brazil in 1910, when she was ten months old.
7629:
7308:
6261:
3275:
It is important to note that "the samples came from free of charge paternity test takers, thus as the researchers made it explicit: "the
4035:
7977:
4089:
5792:
7637:
6750:
4359:
1200:
From 1500 to 1972, of all people who entered Brazil, 58% came from Europe, 40% from Africa and 2% from Asia. Most Brazilians have a
8193:
8002:
7992:
7982:
6518:"Admixture in Latin America: Geographic Structure, Phenotypic Diversity and Self-Perception of Ancestry Based on 7,342 Individuals"
5906:
5771:
4716:
3648:
and Africa. The genetic differences observed among regions were, however, consistent with the colonization history of the country.
8135:
6053:
5413:
5258:
2133:
Brazil have a more balanced ratio among racial groups (around 50% White, 43% Pardo, 5% Black, 1% Yellow (East Asian)/Amerindian).
8371:
8040:
6817:
4880:
3983:
6790:
828:. The main historic waves of immigration to Brazil have occurred from the 1820s well into the 1970s, most of the settlers were
8162:
8060:
7987:
7012:
6967:
4737:
Schwarcz, Lilia Moritz. Starling, Heloisa Murgel. Brasil: Uma Biografia. Companhia das Letras; Edição: 1ª (27 de abril de 2015)
4664:
3236:
4494:
Souza, Aracele Maria de; Resende, Sarah Stela; Sousa, Taís Nóbrega de; Brito, Cristiana Ferreira Alves de (14 November 2019).
4385:
8397:
8050:
7997:
7333:
6721:
6348:
4852:
4064:
3181:
2854:
A 2015 autosomal genetic study, which also analyzed data of 25 studies of 38 different Brazilian populations concluded that:
752:
after only 1 uninterrupted year living in Brazil. A foreign born person who holds Brazilian citizenship has exactly the same
5453:
712:
A foreigner can apply for Brazilian citizenship after living for four uninterrupted years in Brazil and being able to speak
8045:
7002:
6891:
5024:
8214:
6707:
4555:"Brasil: 500 anos de povoamento – Presença portuguesa: de colonizadores a imigrantes - imigração de transição (1701-1850)"
8055:
7110:
6618:"Male Lineages in Brazil: Intercontinental Admixture and Stratification of the European Background, Resque et al. (2016)"
5944:
2544:
Blacks constitute the third largest ethnic group of Brazil with around 14.5 million citizens or 7.6% of the population.
5959:
5259:
V. Bonifaz-Peña; A. V. Contreras; C. J. Struchiner; R. A. Roela; T. K. Furuya-Mazzotti; R. Chammas; et al. (2014).
4554:
8157:
5332:
4749:"A experiência afro-americana numa perspectiva comparativa: a situação atual do debate sobre a escravidão nas Américas"
8145:
8183:
6758:
6226:
4140:
3633:
3231:
1044:, which led to a period of economic prosperity not only in the Minas Gerais region, but also on the Brazilian coast.
5999:
5643:
4463:"Latin Americans show wide-spread Converso ancestry and the imprint of local Native ancestry on physical appearance"
4232:
621:
tree, designating exclusively the name of such profession, since the inhabitants of the land were, in most of them,
8596:
7194:
6952:
189:
17:
6744:
5261:"Exploring the Distribution of Genetic Markers of Pharmacogenomics Relevance in Brazilian and Mexican Populations"
4107:
3976:
1242:
7861:
6886:
6289:"The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected"
5578:"The Genomic Ancestry of Individuals from Different Geographical Regions of Brazil Is More Uniform Than Expected"
5105:
4415:
8558:
8290:
8130:
7839:
7361:
6945:
5883:
5135:
3736:
3659:
was estimated to be the main source of the male European lineages to Central-West, Southeast and South Brazil.
2839:
7474:
6222:"Genetic composition of Brazilian population samples based on a set of twenty-eight ancestry informative SNPs"
8267:
7856:
7561:
7556:
7469:
7151:
6846:
6074:
5880:"CIA data from The World Factbook's Field Listing :: Ethnic groups and Field Listing :: Population"
3776:
2088:
803:
6675:
5741:
4628:"José Moya. Canada and the Atlantic World: Borderlands and Transnationalism in the United States and Canada"
4005:
733:
8188:
7696:
7667:
7421:
7209:
7058:
6851:
6441:
6420:
5167:
4462:
2217:
1069:
959:
927:
825:
783:
777:
7659:
7298:
7105:
7078:
7068:
7053:
6972:
6810:
3440:
3339:
3027:
2911:
2740:
2600:
2502:
2423:
2298:
2130:
7915:
4821:
Pedro Carvalho de Mello. Estimativa da Longevidade de Escravos no Brasil na Segunda Metade do Seculo XIX
7416:
7246:
7161:
7146:
3279:
were free of charge, the population samples involved people of variable socioeconomic strata, although
1453:
1343:
1212:
31:
8448:
3260:
from each other and thus can be applied for ancestry estimation in a three hybrid admixed population.
2465:
Mixed-race Brazilians constitute the second largest group of Brazil, with around 84.7 million people.
686:
born parents. However, if the foreign parents were at the service of a foreign State (such as foreign
8591:
7487:
7441:
7431:
7171:
7095:
6982:
6962:
6881:
1528:
963:
749:
661:
595:
5907:"Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI"
4982:
3490:
2652:
1014:
estimate this number to be much higher at 250,000. At that time, Brazil was the largest producer of
8510:
8167:
8035:
7232:
6992:
6928:
6871:
5009:"As políticas públicas de imigração européia não-portuguesa para o Brasil – de Pombal à República*"
3456:
3424:
3355:
3323:
3043:
3011:
2927:
2895:
2750:
2730:
2610:
2590:
2512:
2492:
2433:
2413:
1121:
942:
The first inhabitants of what would become Brazil were people whose ancestry can be traced back to
6567:
Alvessilva, J; Dasilvasantos, M; Guimaraes, P; Ferreira, A; Bandelt, H; Pena, S; Prado, V (2000).
4686:
2803:
967:
8412:
8240:
8198:
7959:
7539:
7318:
6364:
6152:
5703:
5202:
5079:
4748:
3806:
3541:
colonization process (involving directional mating), as well as the recent immigrant waves (from
1019:
7898:
5981:
8538:
8262:
7328:
7278:
7156:
7100:
7063:
7043:
7038:
6803:
6220:
Lins, T. C.; Vieira, R. G.; Abreu, B. S.; Grattapaglia, D.; Pereira, R. W. (March–April 2009).
3826:
3726:
2696:(yellow) refers to East Asians. The largest group of East Asian ancestry in the country is the
1953:
1828:
1335:
791:
671:
629:
545:
145:
8402:
6221:
5848:"Censo Demográfi co 2010 Características da população e dos domicílios Resultados do universo"
5507:"De brancos para negros? Uma análise longitudinal da reclassificação racial no Enem 2010-2014"
4955:"A substituição da mão-de-obra escrava e a opção pela grande imigração no estado de São Paulo"
3537:
pool (maternal lineages) of present-day Brazilians clearly reflects the imprints of the early
617:, most of the 16th century, the word "Brazilian" was given to the Portuguese merchants of the
8553:
8548:
8453:
8407:
8250:
8070:
7366:
7293:
7141:
7073:
6940:
5312:
4969:
4844:
4031:
3746:
3721:
1141:
829:
817:
813:
799:
665:
419:
397:
273:
77:
71:
1173:
8428:
8381:
8345:
8065:
8020:
7949:
7944:
7936:
7701:
7451:
7396:
7268:
7263:
6918:
6629:
6466:
Ferreira, L. B.; Mendes-Junior, C. T.; Wiezel, C. E.; Luizon, M. R.; Simões, A. L. (2006).
6300:
6167:
5589:
5272:
3472:
3408:
3371:
3307:
3059:
2995:
2943:
2879:
2760:
2720:
2620:
2580:
2522:
2482:
2443:
2403:
1048:
879:
853:
461:
335:
1978:
640:
to a person, usually of clear Portuguese descent, resident or whose family resided in the
8:
8489:
8458:
8433:
8330:
8272:
8245:
8230:
8140:
8025:
7922:
7893:
7436:
7411:
7303:
7283:
7224:
7115:
7085:
7048:
6935:
6901:
3821:
3811:
3796:
3711:
2828:
2679:
2342:
2126:
2108:
2067:
1853:
1235:
1161:
1026:), and this economic growth attracted many Portuguese immigrants. However, it was in the
845:
713:
599:
582:
570:
557:
503:
413:
211:
123:
6633:
6304:
6171:
5917:
5593:
5276:
4954:
1305:
In the Brazilian census, respondents must choose their color or race from 5 categories:
1080:, from which 877,033 Africans came. This region corresponds to present-day southeastern
8565:
8485:
8479:
8463:
8443:
8376:
8125:
8030:
7927:
7551:
7479:
7461:
7426:
7376:
7258:
7204:
7176:
7026:
7007:
6652:
6617:
6593:
6568:
6544:
6517:
6497:
6323:
6288:
6253:
6190:
6155:
6132:
6049:
5763:
5620:
5577:
5295:
5260:
4884:
4528:
4495:
4209:
4184:
3756:
3751:
3716:
2697:
2683:
2360:
1653:
1149:
1145:
1023:
987:
895:
841:
833:
92:
6390:"Allele frequencies of 15 STRs in a representative sample of the Brazilian population"
4233:"Who Were the Ancestors of Native Americans? A Lost People in Siberia, Scientists Say"
8500:
8350:
8340:
8255:
8152:
7954:
7604:
7597:
7391:
7353:
7214:
7129:
6987:
6957:
6923:
6838:
6830:
6754:
6717:
6657:
6598:
6549:
6489:
6412:
6328:
6257:
6245:
6195:
6124:
5625:
5607:
5300:
5136:"O Rio de Janeiro da Primeira República e a imigração portuguesa: panorama histórico"
5016:
4848:
4766:
4627:
4533:
4515:
4240:
4214:
4136:
4083:
3781:
3761:
3538:
3534:
3502:
3268:
2961:
2777:
2687:
2645:
2118:
1878:
1186:
1153:
1065:
1052:
971:
887:
849:
837:
741:
645:
607:
7199:
6501:
6136:
4761:
4656:
4511:
4132:
Um defunto estrambótico: análise e interpretação das Memórias póstumas de Brás Cubas
2100:
2063:
1753:
1553:
8570:
8505:
8495:
8438:
8355:
8335:
8305:
8099:
8084:
7754:
7719:
7386:
7381:
7288:
7181:
7166:
6866:
6647:
6637:
6588:
6580:
6539:
6529:
6479:
6404:
6318:
6308:
6235:
6185:
6175:
6114:
6106:
5615:
5597:
5290:
5280:
5168:"Soares, Carlos Eugénio Líbano. Dos fadistas e galegos: os portugueses na capoeira"
4840:
4756:
4523:
4507:
4204:
4196:
3801:
3791:
3741:
3731:
3506:
3264:
3136:
3120:
2673:
2460:
2378:
2324:
2254:
2248:
2204:
2191:
2165:
2139:
1113:
1011:
983:
883:
622:
7338:
6345:
6095:
4712:
4449:
Ribeiro, Darcy. O Povo Brasileiro, Companhia de Bolso, fourth reprint, 2008 (2008)
4057:
3501:
A 2014 autosomal DNA study, which analysed data from 1594 samples from all of the
3267:
in Brazilians with an admixture model. Pairwise estimates of F(st) among the five
2823:
2334:
8543:
8235:
7808:
7793:
7613:
7546:
7446:
7406:
7343:
7273:
6856:
6642:
6534:
6408:
6371:
6352:
6313:
6180:
6081:
6006:
5988:
5948:
5831:
5811:
5602:
5285:
5203:"A systematic scoping review of the genetic ancestry of the Brazilian population"
4496:"A systematic scoping review of the genetic ancestry of the Brazilian population"
3786:
3766:
3152:
3104:
2539:
2178:
2114:
1165:
975:
899:
891:
875:
857:
821:
787:
641:
5333:"Latino-americanos são maioria entre estrangeiros no Brasil nos últimos 10 anos"
5008:
4607:
Furtado, Celso. Formação econômica do Brasil. São Paulo: Editora Nacional, 1971.
2352:
2261:, with around 91,051,646 people, and White Brazilians make up the third largest
1350:
Percentage distribution, by color or race (%) in the Brazilian federative units
7740:
7186:
6997:
5941:
3276:
3222:
2808:
2083:
1247:
1207:
1194:
1157:
1109:
1077:
591:
183:
6514:
3242:
Ancestry informative SNPs can be useful to estimate individual and population
2636:
1219:
8585:
7618:
7371:
7090:
6468:"Genomic ancestry of a sample population from the state of São Paulo, Brazil"
5611:
5020:
4770:
4519:
4244:
3703:
3530:
3243:
2641:
2552:
2370:
2266:
2258:
1032:
947:
737:
697:
A foreigner living in Brazil who applied for and was accepted as a Brazilian
371:
117:
6438:"the impact of migrations in the constitution of Latin American populations"
5734:"Nipo-brasileiros estão mais presentes no Norte e no Centro-Oeste do Brasil"
7904:
6913:
6661:
6602:
6553:
6493:
6416:
6332:
6249:
6199:
6128:
5629:
5449:
5304:
5047:"Abasteciment Alimentar e Compras Públicas No Brasil: Um Resgate Histórico"
4537:
4218:
3977:"Comunidade Brasileira no Exterior - Estimativas referentes ao ano de 2022"
3771:
2832:
2262:
2071:
1678:
1378:
1283:
1137:
1117:
1041:
1027:
999:
795:
7566:
6156:"Revisiting the Genetic Ancestry of Brazilians Using Autosomal AIM-Indels"
4998:
Costa, Emília Viotti da. A Abolição. 9. ed. São Paulo. Editora Unesp, 2010
7401:
6386:
6119:
3194:
2144:
1628:
1338:
was classified as White, compared to only 20.9% in the northern state of
706:
683:
519:
351:
167:
7761:
6566:
4301:"What the ancient DNA discovery tells us about Native American ancestry"
2960:
An autosomal study from 2013, with nearly 1,300 samples from all of the
2079:
1903:
1603:
979:
625:, or Portuguese born in Portugal or in the territory now called Brazil.
590:. A Brazilian can also be a person born abroad to a Brazilian parent or
7814:
6876:
6484:
6467:
6240:
6110:
4103:
3918:
3816:
3257:
2972:
2969:
2122:
2095:
1778:
1201:
1105:
761:
745:
729:
725:
618:
7706:
3887:
Araujo, Gabriel (28 June 2023). Grattan, Steven; Rumney, Emma (eds.).
1728:
7910:
7571:
6713:
3683:
3652:
3518:
3494:
3174:
2855:
2843:
2547:
2028:
1260:
1230:
687:
391:
309:
7780:
1294:
In 2021, there were 60,011 people recognized as refugees in Brazil.
1259:
From 2011 to 2019, 1,085,673 immigrants came to Brazil, mostly from
962:
peoples in the current Brazilian territory dating from 16,000 BC in
7734:
6977:
6584:
6285:
5574:
4907:"Mediterraneo Economico. Procesos migratorios, economía y personas"
4271:"O "elo perdido" entre os povos asiáticos e os índios das Américas"
4200:
4183:
Carvalho-Silva, DR; Santos, FR; Rocha, J; Pena, SD (January 2001).
3656:
3641:
3523:
3254:
3246:
3198:
3170:
2815:
2796:
2791:
2316:
2306:
2075:
1315:"For the person of oriental origin: Japanese, Chinese, Korean, etc"
1276:
1264:
1056:
991:
955:
764:
in Brazil is 214 million people. The number is updated live by the
717:
633:
614:
539:
161:
139:
6795:
1803:
1578:
1503:
1428:
1321:
652:(1815–1822), however, there was confusion about the nomenclature.
7820:
7770:
7727:
7576:
6746:
The treasure of São Roque: a sidelight on the counter-reformation
6465:
3893:
3889:"Brazil census shows population growth at its slowest since 1872"
3675:
3671:
3662:
The North and the Northeast showed the highest contribution from
2003:
1928:
1403:
1339:
1268:
1093:
995:
951:
922:
916:
868:
809:
698:
637:
497:
477:
455:
267:
7712:
6068:
5552:. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). 2010.
1703:
1342:. The table below shows the color or racial distribution in the
1051:, from the mid-16th century until 1855, approximately 5 million
716:. A native person from an official Portuguese language country (
7671:
6826:
5362:"Número de novos imigrantes cresce 24,4% no Brasil em dez anos"
3912:
Figueiredo, Carolina (10 August 2023). Ferneda, Gabriel (ed.).
3663:
3645:
3542:
3210:
2668:. It says "Let's go to South America (Brazil) with the family."
2665:
2657:
2270:
1300:
1169:
1124:
of the slave population was negative, that is, there were more
1120:
and unhealthy conditions. During most of Brazil's history, the
1061:
1010:
first two centuries of colonization. Historians James Horn and
910:
753:
721:
679:
587:
435:
329:
289:
4327:"All Native Americans Descended from One Ancestral Population"
3674:
was to the Central-West, whereas a significant migration from
709:
are equal, regardless of race, ethnicity, gender or religion.
7747:
5696:
4182:
4170:
Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil, Artigo 12, I.
3667:
2661:
1478:
1272:
1224:
1190:
1129:
1125:
1089:
1081:
1073:
1015:
904:
705:
According to the Constitution, all people who hold Brazilian
247:
227:
205:
5904:
5550:
Tabela 2094 - População residente por cor ou raça e religião
4416:"População indígena no Brasil: números e motivos da redução"
6219:
3971:
3969:
3967:
3965:
3963:
3961:
3959:
3957:
3955:
3953:
3914:"Around 4.5 million Brazilians live abroad, says Itamaraty"
3651:
The Central-Western and Southern samples showed the higher
3489:
According to another autosomal DNA study from 2008, by the
3217:
2279:
Some southern Brazilian towns with a notable main ancestry
1085:
1037:
1018:
in the world (specifically the northeastern captaincies of
943:
6374:. .folha.uol.com.br (1970-01-01). Retrieved on 2012-05-19.
3951:
3949:
3947:
3945:
3943:
3941:
3939:
3937:
3935:
3933:
3205:
6615:
5454:"Censo 2010 erra ao indicar aumento de asiáticos no país"
3077:
1055:
were brought to Brazil. 40% of all slaves brought to the
1003:
5504:
4185:"The Phylogeography of Brazilian Y-Chromosome Lineages"
3930:
5230:"DNA de negros e pardos do Brasil é 60% a 80% europeu"
4837:
Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Latin American History
4559:
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)
4493:
4390:
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE)
1112:
was much higher among slaves than among the free; the
5825:
População residente por cor ou raça, situação e sexo
5740:(in Portuguese). www.japao100.com.br. Archived from
5512:. São Luís, Maranhão: 38ª. Reunião Nacional da Anped
4833:"Immigration and the Historical Formation of Brazil"
4386:"Brasil: 500 anos de povoamento – História indígena"
3693:
5842:
5840:
5227:
3632:According to a study in 2001, the vast majority of
2111:, the largest group, live in São Paulo and Paraná.
650:
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves
5793:Sources :: Indigenous Peoples in Brazil – ISA
5727:
5725:
2631:
874:The Brazilian people are multi-ethnic. First row:
5666:
4166:
4164:
8583:
5837:
5674:"Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA"
5546:"Sistema IBGE de Recuperação Automática - SIDRA"
5106:"Economia cafeeira e industrialização do Brasil"
3670:, respectively. The highest migration rate from
1116:of the children of slaves was very high, due to
636:, it was already common to assign the Brazilian
174:
5805:Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística
5722:
5077:
4797:"Expectativa de Vida e Mortalidade de Escravos"
4651:
4649:
4354:
4352:
766:Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
362:
108:
6676:"Laboratório Gene – Núcleo de Genética Médica"
6365:DNA de brasileiro é 80% europeu, indica estudo
6355:. Amigodoador.com.br. Retrieved on 2012-05-19.
6020:"Japanese-Brazilians: Straddling Two Cultures"
4881:"População estrangeira e naturalizada em 1920"
4161:
7645:
6811:
6148:
6146:
6091:
6089:
5814:. IBGE (2007-05-25). Retrieved on 2012-05-19.
5071:
3882:
3880:
3173:DNA study from 2010, a new portrayal of each
510:
342:
5644:"Brazil, the case of triracial white people"
5448:
5317:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4899:
4646:
4457:
4455:
4349:
2842:the Brazilian population as a whole to have
1301:Dispersal of races and colors in the country
76:
6281:
6279:
5935:
4584:
4582:
4580:
3209:A group of Brazilians dancing with typical
2846:, African and Native Americans components.
1140:accounted for 80% of arrivals (1.8 million
1076:. The second most important region was the
958:. There are indications of the presence of
382:
300:
7652:
7638:
6818:
6804:
6569:"The Ancestry of Brazilian mtDNA Lineages"
6143:
6086:
6042:
5532:"População Brasileira – 2010 (Censo IBGE)"
5406:
5197:
5195:
4592:
4487:
4445:
4443:
4441:
4360:"Índios - O Brasil antes do descobrimento"
4050:
4024:
3998:
3911:
3877:
3512:
3281:likely to be leaning slightly towards the
2707:Yellow (East Asian) Brazilians by region:
1254:
530:
152:
130:
6751:Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge
6651:
6641:
6592:
6543:
6533:
6483:
6322:
6312:
6239:
6215:
6213:
6211:
6209:
6189:
6179:
6118:
5905:Fran cisco Lizcano Fernández (May 2005).
5619:
5601:
5294:
5284:
4994:
4992:
4873:
4760:
4731:
4527:
4452:
4208:
937:
488:
468:
446:
404:
258:
6397:Forensic Science International: Genetics
6276:
6017:
6011:
5731:
5228:Reinaldo José Lopes (19 February 2011).
4953:França, Thiago de Novaes (4 June 2008).
4936:
4934:
4577:
4006:"【在留外国人統計（旧登録外国人統計）統計表】 | 出入国在留管理庁"
3905:
3517:Haplogroup frequencies do not determine
3216:
3204:
3188:
3180:
2822:
2814:
2802:
2790:
2651:
2635:
2546:
2454:
2094:
1282:In 2021, Brazil was home to 1.3 million
1241:
1229:
1218:
1206:
613:After the colonization of Brazil by the
426:
320:
280:
6705:
5706:. www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/. 2013.
5192:
5160:
4948:
4946:
4661:The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database
4438:
4128:
771:
238:
218:
196:
14:
8584:
6742:
6709:The Cambridge History of Latin America
6573:The American Journal of Human Genetics
6206:
5684:from the original on 24 September 2015
5460:from the original on 18 September 2016
5356:
5354:
4989:
4952:
4845:10.1093/acrefore/9780199366439.013.894
4663:. Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
4657:"Assessing the Slave Trade: Estimates"
4129:Facioli, Valentim (25 February 2018).
4088:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
4012:from the original on 28 September 2023
3886:
2831:encountered in the Brazilian state of
7633:
6799:
6382:
6380:
6018:Gonzalez, David (25 September 2013).
5860:from the original on 13 November 2012
5486:from the original on 25 February 2023
5423:. Rio de Janeiro: IBGE. August 2019.
5394:from the original on 25 February 2023
5368:from the original on 25 February 2023
5339:from the original on 25 February 2023
4931:
4861:from the original on 18 December 2021
4777:from the original on 10 December 2022
4746:
4719:from the original on 10 December 2023
4620:
4565:from the original on 26 February 2022
4549:
4547:
4475:from the original on 14 November 2020
4178:
4176:
4070:from the original on 10 November 2023
2121:, is mostly brown, due to a stronger
1181:threats of food shortages in Brazil.
581:
8602:South American people by nationality
6346:Profile of the Brazilian blood donor
6264:from the original on 20 October 2020
6056:from the original on 13 October 2019
5774:from the original on 13 October 2019
5768:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan
5710:from the original on 4 November 2013
5442:
5430:from the original on 18 January 2024
5252:
5209:from the original on 16 January 2023
5128:
5059:from the original on 16 January 2023
5001:
4943:
4830:
4693:from the original on 8 February 2023
4667:from the original on 28 October 2023
4426:from the original on 27 January 2023
4396:from the original on 30 January 2023
4366:from the original on 16 January 2023
4337:from the original on 4 February 2023
4149:from the original on 18 January 2024
4096:
2849:
2771:
87:Regions with significant populations
6892:Sixth (New) Republic (1985–present)
6825:
6767:from the original on 31 August 2022
6730:from the original on 31 August 2022
6706:Bethell, Leslie (6 December 1984).
6030:from the original on 2 October 2013
5654:from the original on 10 August 2020
5351:
5078:Diego Antonelli (2 December 2018).
4803:from the original on 15 August 2020
2533:
2242:
24:
6377:
5180:from the original on 27 March 2023
5148:from the original on 26 March 2023
5116:from the original on 26 March 2023
5027:from the original on 26 March 2023
4634:from the original on 26 March 2023
4544:
4281:from the original on 26 March 2023
4251:from the original on 26 March 2023
4173:
2786:
2551:Slave from Brazil photographed by
2273:, also counting in total numbers.
1152:). The other 20% came mainly from
25:
8613:
6887:Military dictatorship (1964–1985)
6781:
6472:American Journal of Human Biology
6227:American Journal of Human Biology
6099:American Journal of Human Biology
3232:American Journal of Human Biology
1246:A group of Brazilians during the
844:, with significant minorities of
632:, in 1822, both in Brazil and in
594:as well as a person who acquired
7661:
6872:First (Old) Republic (1889–1930)
6682:from the original on 6 July 2011
6075:IBGE traça perfil dos imigrantes
5738:Centenário da Imigração Japonesa
5556:from the original on 5 June 2017
5505:Adriano Souza Senkevics (2017).
5480:"Japanese Immigration to Brazil"
5240:from the original on 7 June 2022
5086:from the original on 6 June 2020
4110:from the original on 8 July 2015
4038:from the original on 30 May 2024
3696:
2257:in the Americas, after only the
2086:have the largest populations of
867:
532:
512:
490:
470:
448:
428:
406:
384:
364:
344:
322:
302:
282:
260:
240:
220:
198:
176:
154:
132:
110:
6668:
6609:
6560:
6508:
6459:
6430:
6358:
6339:
5993:
5975:
5964:
5953:
5898:
5872:
5817:
5798:
5786:
5756:
5732:Bianconi, Nara (27 June 2008).
5704:"Brazil - Modern-Day Community"
5636:
5568:
5538:
5524:
5498:
5472:
5414:"Manual do Recenseador Parte 2"
5388:"Dados sobre refúgio no Brasil"
5380:
5325:
5221:
5098:
5039:
4824:
4815:
4789:
4762:10.1590/S0002-05912012000100004
4740:
4705:
4679:
4610:
4601:
4512:10.1590/1678-4685-GMB-2018-0076
4408:
4378:
4319:
4293:
4263:
4225:
4122:
3857:
3237:Catholic University of Brasília
2632:Yellow Brazilians (East Asians)
1211:Portuguese immigrant couple in
757:the Armed Forces and Diplomat.
6716:: Cambridge University Press.
6698:
4755:(in Portuguese) (45): 95–121.
4500:Genetics and Molecular Biology
3984:Ministry of External Relations
3848:
3839:
3737:European immigration to Brazil
3269:Brazilian geopolitical regions
2253:Brazil has the second largest
970:and from 12,770 BC in Ibicuí (
690:), the child is not Brazilian;
644:(1530–1815), belonging to the
13:
1:
3870:
3777:History of the Jews in Brazil
3185:A group of Brazilian females.
2556:
2265:in the world, after only the
2125:influence. The two remaining
2107:Most East Asians, especially
1307:Branca, Preta, Amarela, Parda
946:populations that crossed the
804:History of the Jews in Brazil
655:
648:. During the lifetime of the
97:
62:
6643:10.1371/journal.pone.0152573
6535:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004572
6409:10.1016/j.fsigen.2009.05.006
6314:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063
6181:10.1371/journal.pone.0075145
5603:10.1371/journal.pone.0017063
5286:10.1371/journal.pone.0112640
2640:Italian immigrant family in
2567:Black Brazilians by region:
2469:Brown Brazilians by region:
2390:White Brazilians by region:
1223:Typical dress of women from
1070:Democratic Republic of Congo
784:Indigenous peoples of Brazil
778:Race and ethnicity in Brazil
7:
7334:Water supply and sanitation
6882:Fourth Republic (1946–1964)
6857:Colonial Brazil (1500–1815)
5112:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
4422:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
4277:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
3982:(in Brazilian Portuguese).
3689:
826:Brazil's indigenous peoples
10:
8618:
6862:United Kingdom (1815–1822)
6678:. Laboratoriogene.com.br.
6080:November 19, 2012, at the
6000:Prefeitura de D. Feliciano
4747:Klein, Herbert S. (2012).
2840:Genetic studies have shown
2775:
2677:
2671:
2537:
2458:
2246:
2027:
2002:
1977:
1952:
1927:
1902:
1877:
1852:
1827:
1802:
1777:
1752:
1727:
1702:
1677:
1652:
1627:
1602:
1577:
1552:
1527:
1502:
1477:
1452:
1427:
1402:
1377:
1344:Federative units of Brazil
781:
775:
674:, a Brazilian citizen is:
659:
32:Brazilian (disambiguation)
29:
8531:
8472:
8421:
8390:
8364:
8323:
8314:
8298:
8289:
8223:
8207:
8176:
8118:
8109:
8092:
8083:
8011:
7968:
7935:
7887:
7880:
7848:
7831:
7801:
7792:
7682:
7678:
7591:
7460:
7352:
7254:
7245:
7223:
7137:
7128:
7116:President of the Republic
7034:
7025:
6909:
6900:
6837:
6351:October 28, 2011, at the
5882:. cia.gov. Archived from
4157:– via Google Books.
2664:to attract immigrants to
2278:
2149:
2138:
2117:, largely covered by the
662:Brazilian nationality law
628:However, long before the
556:
551:
529:
509:
487:
467:
445:
425:
403:
381:
361:
341:
319:
299:
279:
257:
237:
217:
195:
173:
151:
129:
107:
91:
86:
61:
56:
47:
7894:American (United States)
7039:Administrative divisions
6743:Telfer, William (1932).
6050:"Japan-Brazil relations"
5982:História de Treze Tílias
5764:"Japan-Brazil Relations"
3832:
3732:Pardo (Brown) Brazilians
2099:Ukrainian immigrants in
1122:rate of natural increase
898:Brazilians. Second row:
8597:Ethnic groups in Brazil
4331:The Scientist Magazine®
4032:"令和５年末現在における在留外国人数について"
3854:Includes Liechtenstein.
3807:Romani people in Brazil
3545:) of the last century.
3513:MtDna and y DNA studies
3498:11.6% Native American.
3263:Data was used to infer
1255:Foreign-born population
1238:, with typical clothes.
8539:Demographics of Brazil
7668:Ancestry and ethnicity
7195:Science and technology
6877:Vargas Era (1930–1946)
6026:. The New York Times.
4977:Cite journal requires
3827:Brazilians in Portugal
3727:Demographics of Brazil
3491:University of Brasília
3226:
3214:
3202:
3186:
2836:
2820:
2812:
2800:
2669:
2649:
2563:
2104:
1370:Indigenous population
1251:
1239:
1227:
1216:
938:Ancestry of Brazilians
808:Brazilians are mostly
792:Afro-Brazilian history
672:Constitution of Brazil
630:independence of Brazil
586:) are the citizens of
583:[bɾaziˈlejɾus]
574:
81:
7916:Santa Bárbara d'Oeste
6005:July 6, 2011, at the
5421:censo2022.ibge.gov.br
3747:Portuguese Brazilians
3722:Immigration to Brazil
3551:Continental Fraction
3220:
3208:
3192:
3184:
2826:
2818:
2806:
2794:
2655:
2639:
2550:
2455:Mixed-race Brazilians
2098:
1245:
1233:
1222:
1213:São José do Rio Preto
1210:
800:Immigration to Brazil
750:Brazilian nationality
734:São Tomé and Príncipe
666:Immigration to Brazil
608:region of the country
596:Brazilian citizenship
80:
7013:World Heritage Sites
6946:Environmental issues
6919:Brazilian Antarctica
5971:Ucranianos no Brasil
5795:. socioambiental.org
5236:. Folha de S.Paulo.
5080:"O Paraná germânico"
5015:(8 ed.). 2005.
4687:"Detalhes da imagem"
2795:Italian students in
2692:In Brazil, the term
2127:South Eastern states
1049:Atlantic slave trade
1036:in the discovery of
966:, from 14,200 BC in
926:, respectively) and
894:, respectively) and
772:History and overview
30:For other uses, see
7562:Syncretic Religions
7470:Freedom of religion
7152:Automotive industry
6634:2016PLoSO..1152573R
6305:2011PLoSO...617063P
6172:2013PLoSO...875145S
5923:on 24 February 2014
5853:. 8 November 2011.
5594:2011PLoSO...617063P
5277:2014PLoSO...9k2640B
4919:on 13 February 2023
4887:on 27 February 2009
4831:Moya, Jose (2020).
3822:Brazilians in Japan
3812:Brazilian Americans
3797:Japanese Brazilians
3712:Lists of Brazilians
3441:Central-West Region
3340:Central-West Region
3028:Central-West Region
2912:Central-West Region
2819:Two indigenous men.
2741:Central-West Brazil
2708:
2680:Japanese Brazilians
2601:Central-West Brazil
2568:
2503:Central-West Brazil
2470:
2424:Central-West Brazil
2391:
2205:Yellow (East Asian)
2109:Japanese Brazilians
1854:Rio Grande do Norte
1351:
1092:, and southwestern
1047:As a result of the
814:Portuguese settlers
714:Portuguese language
600:multiethnic society
44:
7697:Indigenous peoples
7522:Eastern Orthodoxy
7515:Ukrainian Catholic
7210:Telecommunications
6867:Empire (1822–1889)
6852:Indigenous peoples
6485:10.1002/ajhb.20474
6370:7 May 2021 at the
6241:10.1002/ajhb.20976
6111:10.1002/ajhb.22714
5987:2008-11-02 at the
5947:2008-08-19 at the
5830:2011-06-14 at the
5823:2008 PNAD, IBGE. "
5810:2007-08-25 at the
5082:. Revista Ideias.
4237:The New York Times
3926:on 10 August 2023.
3757:Spanish Brazilians
3752:Italian Brazilians
3717:Brazilian diaspora
3526:in a given place.
3227:
3215:
3203:
3187:
2837:
2821:
2813:
2801:
2706:
2684:Chinese Brazilians
2670:
2650:
2566:
2564:
2468:
2389:
2375:Rio Grande do Sul
2105:
1654:Mato Grosso do Sul
1367:Yellow population
1349:
1252:
1240:
1228:
1217:
1174:state of São Paulo
820:immigrant groups,
748:) can request the
93:Brazilian diaspora
82:
42:
27:Citizens of Brazil
8579:
8578:
8527:
8526:
8523:
8522:
8519:
8518:
8285:
8284:
8281:
8280:
8079:
8078:
7870:
7869:
7627:
7626:
7587:
7586:
7529:
7517:
7510:
7503:
7496:
7494:Armenian Catholic
7299:Income inequality
7241:
7240:
7124:
7123:
7111:Political parties
7106:National Congress
7069:Freedom of speech
7054:Foreign relations
7021:
7020:
6723:978-0-521-24516-6
5886:on 6 January 2019
5744:on 13 August 2017
5648:Discover Magazine
4854:978-0-19-936643-9
4189:Am. J. Hum. Genet
3782:Native Brazilians
3762:German Brazilians
3630:
3629:
3503:Brazilian regions
3495:European ancestry
3487:
3486:
3386:
3385:
3235:by a team of the
3167:
3166:
3074:
3073:
2962:Brazilian regions
2958:
2957:
2856:European ancestry
2850:Autosomal studies
2829:uncontacted tribe
2778:Native Brazilians
2772:Indigenous people
2769:
2768:
2688:Korean Brazilians
2646:Rio Grande do Sul
2629:
2628:
2531:
2530:
2452:
2451:
2387:
2386:
2240:
2239:
2152:(rounded values)
2119:Amazon Rainforest
2052:
2051:
1879:Rio Grande do Sul
1364:Brown population
1361:Black population
1358:White population
1355:Federative units
1189:and expansion of
1187:industrialization
1108:. In Brazil, the
1066:Republic of Congo
976:language families
972:Rio Grande do Sul
822:enslaved Africans
768:(IBGE - Census).
742:Equatorial Guinea
670:According to the
646:Portuguese Empire
564:
563:
75:
16:(Redirected from
8609:
8592:Brazilian people
8321:
8320:
8296:
8295:
8116:
8115:
8090:
8089:
7885:
7884:
7799:
7798:
7680:
7679:
7666:
7665:
7664:
7654:
7647:
7640:
7631:
7630:
7607:
7600:
7525:
7513:
7506:
7499:
7492:
7417:National symbols
7252:
7251:
7190:
7162:Economic history
7147:Animal husbandry
7135:
7134:
7032:
7031:
6907:
6906:
6820:
6813:
6806:
6797:
6796:
6789:
6776:
6774:
6772:
6739:
6737:
6735:
6692:
6691:
6689:
6687:
6672:
6666:
6665:
6655:
6645:
6613:
6607:
6606:
6596:
6564:
6558:
6557:
6547:
6537:
6512:
6506:
6505:
6487:
6463:
6457:
6456:
6454:
6452:
6446:
6440:. Archived from
6434:
6428:
6427:
6426:on 8 April 2011.
6425:
6419:. Archived from
6394:
6384:
6375:
6362:
6356:
6343:
6337:
6336:
6326:
6316:
6283:
6274:
6273:
6271:
6269:
6243:
6217:
6204:
6203:
6193:
6183:
6150:
6141:
6140:
6122:
6093:
6084:
6072:
6066:
6065:
6063:
6061:
6046:
6040:
6039:
6037:
6035:
6015:
6009:
5997:
5991:
5979:
5973:
5968:
5962:
5957:
5951:
5939:
5933:
5932:
5930:
5928:
5922:
5916:. Archived from
5911:
5902:
5896:
5895:
5893:
5891:
5876:
5870:
5869:
5867:
5865:
5859:
5852:
5844:
5835:
5821:
5815:
5802:
5796:
5790:
5784:
5783:
5781:
5779:
5760:
5754:
5753:
5751:
5749:
5729:
5720:
5719:
5717:
5715:
5700:
5694:
5693:
5691:
5689:
5670:
5664:
5663:
5661:
5659:
5640:
5634:
5633:
5623:
5605:
5572:
5566:
5565:
5563:
5561:
5542:
5536:
5535:
5534:(in Portuguese).
5528:
5522:
5521:
5519:
5517:
5511:
5502:
5496:
5495:
5493:
5491:
5476:
5470:
5469:
5467:
5465:
5446:
5440:
5439:
5437:
5435:
5429:
5418:
5410:
5404:
5403:
5401:
5399:
5384:
5378:
5377:
5375:
5373:
5358:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5344:
5329:
5323:
5322:
5316:
5308:
5298:
5288:
5256:
5250:
5249:
5247:
5245:
5225:
5219:
5218:
5216:
5214:
5199:
5190:
5189:
5187:
5185:
5179:
5172:
5164:
5158:
5157:
5155:
5153:
5147:
5140:
5132:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5102:
5096:
5095:
5093:
5091:
5075:
5069:
5068:
5066:
5064:
5058:
5051:
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5032:
5005:
4999:
4996:
4987:
4986:
4980:
4975:
4973:
4965:
4963:
4961:
4950:
4941:
4938:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4924:
4918:
4912:. Archived from
4911:
4903:
4897:
4896:
4894:
4892:
4883:. Archived from
4877:
4871:
4870:
4868:
4866:
4828:
4822:
4819:
4813:
4812:
4810:
4808:
4793:
4787:
4786:
4784:
4782:
4764:
4744:
4738:
4735:
4729:
4728:
4726:
4724:
4713:"Bight of Benin"
4709:
4703:
4702:
4700:
4698:
4683:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4653:
4644:
4643:
4641:
4639:
4624:
4618:
4614:
4608:
4605:
4599:
4596:
4590:
4586:
4575:
4574:
4572:
4570:
4551:
4542:
4541:
4531:
4491:
4485:
4484:
4482:
4480:
4474:
4467:
4459:
4450:
4447:
4436:
4435:
4433:
4431:
4412:
4406:
4405:
4403:
4401:
4382:
4376:
4375:
4373:
4371:
4356:
4347:
4346:
4344:
4342:
4323:
4317:
4316:
4314:
4312:
4307:. 3 January 2018
4297:
4291:
4290:
4288:
4286:
4267:
4261:
4260:
4258:
4256:
4229:
4223:
4222:
4212:
4180:
4171:
4168:
4159:
4158:
4156:
4154:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4117:
4115:
4100:
4094:
4093:
4087:
4079:
4077:
4075:
4069:
4062:
4054:
4048:
4047:
4045:
4043:
4028:
4022:
4021:
4019:
4017:
4002:
3996:
3995:
3993:
3991:
3981:
3973:
3928:
3927:
3922:. Archived from
3909:
3903:
3902:
3901:on 29 June 2023.
3897:. Archived from
3884:
3864:
3861:
3855:
3852:
3846:
3845:Includes Monaco.
3843:
3802:Racial whitening
3792:Asian Brazilians
3742:White Brazilians
3706:
3701:
3700:
3699:
3548:
3547:
3507:Brazilian Amazon
3457:Southeast Region
3425:Northeast Region
3403:Native American
3391:
3390:
3356:Southeast Region
3324:Northeast Region
3302:Native American
3290:
3289:
3265:genetic ancestry
3193:German-inspired
3169:According to an
3137:Southeast Brazil
3121:Northeast Brazil
3099:Native American
3087:
3086:
3044:Southeast Region
3012:Northeast Region
2990:Native American
2978:
2977:
2928:Southeast Region
2896:Northeast Region
2874:Native American
2862:
2861:
2751:Southeast Brazil
2731:Northeast Brazil
2709:
2705:
2674:Asian Brazilians
2611:Southeast Brazil
2591:Northeast Brazil
2569:
2565:
2561:
2558:
2534:Black Brazilians
2513:Southeast Brazil
2493:Northeast Brazil
2471:
2467:
2461:Pardo Brazilians
2434:Southeast Brazil
2414:Northeast Brazil
2392:
2388:
2276:
2275:
2263:White population
2255:White population
2249:White Brazilians
2243:White Brazilians
2136:
2135:
1529:Federal District
1352:
1348:
1234:Brazilians from
1114:infant mortality
1012:Philip D. Morgan
871:
585:
580:
542:
538:
536:
535:
522:
518:
516:
515:
500:
496:
494:
493:
480:
476:
474:
473:
458:
454:
452:
451:
438:
434:
432:
431:
416:
412:
410:
409:
394:
390:
388:
387:
374:
370:
368:
367:
354:
350:
348:
347:
332:
328:
326:
325:
312:
308:
306:
305:
292:
288:
286:
285:
270:
266:
264:
263:
250:
246:
244:
243:
230:
226:
224:
223:
208:
204:
202:
201:
186:
182:
180:
179:
164:
160:
158:
157:
142:
138:
136:
135:
120:
116:
114:
113:
99:
69:
64:
57:Total population
45:
41:
21:
18:People of Brazil
8617:
8616:
8612:
8611:
8610:
8608:
8607:
8606:
8582:
8581:
8580:
8575:
8515:
8468:
8417:
8386:
8360:
8316:
8310:
8277:
8219:
8203:
8172:
8111:
8105:
8075:
8007:
7970:Central America
7964:
7931:
7876:
7866:
7850:
7849:Central Africa
7844:
7833:
7827:
7788:
7674:
7662:
7660:
7658:
7628:
7623:
7610:
7603:
7596:
7583:
7456:
7442:Science fiction
7432:Public holidays
7348:
7309:Life expectancy
7237:
7219:
7188:
7120:
7096:Law enforcement
7017:
7003:Water resources
6983:Protected areas
6896:
6833:
6824:
6788:(in Portuguese)
6787:
6784:
6779:
6770:
6768:
6761:
6733:
6731:
6724:
6712:. Vol. 2.
6701:
6696:
6695:
6685:
6683:
6674:
6673:
6669:
6628:(4): e0152573.
6614:
6610:
6565:
6561:
6528:(9): e1004572.
6513:
6509:
6464:
6460:
6450:
6448:
6444:
6436:
6435:
6431:
6423:
6392:
6385:
6378:
6372:Wayback Machine
6363:
6359:
6353:Wayback Machine
6344:
6340:
6284:
6277:
6267:
6265:
6218:
6207:
6151:
6144:
6094:
6087:
6082:Wayback Machine
6073:
6069:
6059:
6057:
6048:
6047:
6043:
6033:
6031:
6016:
6012:
6007:Wayback Machine
5998:
5994:
5989:Wayback Machine
5980:
5976:
5969:
5965:
5958:
5954:
5949:Wayback Machine
5940:
5936:
5926:
5924:
5920:
5909:
5903:
5899:
5889:
5887:
5878:
5877:
5873:
5863:
5861:
5857:
5850:
5846:
5845:
5838:
5832:Wayback Machine
5822:
5818:
5812:Wayback Machine
5803:
5799:
5791:
5787:
5777:
5775:
5762:
5761:
5757:
5747:
5745:
5730:
5723:
5713:
5711:
5702:
5701:
5697:
5687:
5685:
5672:
5671:
5667:
5657:
5655:
5642:
5641:
5637:
5573:
5569:
5559:
5557:
5544:
5543:
5539:
5530:
5529:
5525:
5515:
5513:
5509:
5503:
5499:
5489:
5487:
5478:
5477:
5473:
5463:
5461:
5447:
5443:
5433:
5431:
5427:
5416:
5412:
5411:
5407:
5397:
5395:
5386:
5385:
5381:
5371:
5369:
5360:
5359:
5352:
5342:
5340:
5331:
5330:
5326:
5310:
5309:
5271:(11): e112640.
5257:
5253:
5243:
5241:
5226:
5222:
5212:
5210:
5201:
5200:
5193:
5183:
5181:
5177:
5170:
5166:
5165:
5161:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5138:
5134:
5133:
5129:
5119:
5117:
5104:
5103:
5099:
5089:
5087:
5076:
5072:
5062:
5060:
5056:
5049:
5045:
5044:
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4239:. 5 June 2019.
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4058:"Archived copy"
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3986:. 2 August 2023
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3787:Afro-Brazilians
3767:Arab Brazilians
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3571:Native American
3529:According to a
3515:
3277:paternity tests
3244:biogeographical
3153:Southern Brazil
3105:Northern Brazil
2852:
2789:
2787:Genetic studies
2780:
2774:
2761:Southern Brazil
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2621:Southern Brazil
2559:
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2540:Afro-Brazilians
2536:
2523:Southern Brazil
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2444:Southern Brazil
2357:Santa Catarina
2321:Santa Catarina
2303:Santa Catarina
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2131:Central-Western
2115:Northern Brazil
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1138:Latin Europeans
950:, passing from
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858:Levantine Arabs
806:
788:Colonial Brazil
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6782:External links
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6585:10.1086/303004
6559:
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6478:(5): 702–705.
6458:
6447:on 6 July 2011
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4506:(3): 495–508.
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4420:Mundo Educação
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4172:
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4106:. Ethnologue.
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2089:Ashkenazi Jews
2084:Belo Horizonte
2068:Rio de Janeiro
2062:The cities of
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1248:FIFA World Cup
1236:Belém, Paraíba
1195:service sector
1158:Eastern Europe
1144:, 1.5 million
1110:mortality rate
1078:Bight of Benin
1053:African slaves
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776:Main article:
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598:. Brazil is a
592:legal guardian
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8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8491:
8487:
8483:
8481:
8478:
8477:
8475:
8471:
8465:
8462:
8460:
8457:
8455:
8452:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8440:
8437:
8435:
8432:
8430:
8427:
8426:
8424:
8420:
8414:
8411:
8409:
8406:
8404:
8401:
8399:
8396:
8395:
8393:
8389:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8369:
8367:
8363:
8357:
8354:
8352:
8349:
8347:
8344:
8342:
8339:
8337:
8334:
8332:
8329:
8328:
8326:
8322:
8319:
8313:
8307:
8304:
8303:
8301:
8297:
8294:
8292:
8288:
8274:
8271:
8269:
8266:
8264:
8261:
8257:
8254:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8238:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8228:
8226:
8222:
8216:
8213:
8212:
8210:
8206:
8200:
8197:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8181:
8179:
8175:
8169:
8166:
8164:
8161:
8159:
8156:
8154:
8151:
8147:
8144:
8143:
8142:
8139:
8137:
8134:
8132:
8129:
8127:
8124:
8123:
8121:
8117:
8114:
8108:
8101:
8098:
8097:
8095:
8091:
8088:
8086:
8082:
8072:
8069:
8067:
8064:
8062:
8059:
8057:
8054:
8052:
8049:
8047:
8044:
8042:
8039:
8037:
8034:
8032:
8029:
8027:
8024:
8022:
8019:
8018:
8016:
8014:
8013:South America
8010:
8004:
8001:
7999:
7996:
7994:
7991:
7989:
7986:
7984:
7981:
7979:
7976:
7975:
7973:
7971:
7967:
7961:
7958:
7956:
7953:
7951:
7948:
7946:
7943:
7942:
7940:
7938:
7934:
7929:
7926:
7924:
7921:
7917:
7914:
7912:
7909:
7907:
7906:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7896:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7888:North America
7886:
7883:
7879:
7873:
7872:
7863:
7860:
7858:
7855:
7854:
7852:
7847:
7841:
7838:
7837:
7835:
7830:
7822:
7819:
7818:
7817:
7816:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7806:
7804:
7800:
7797:
7795:
7791:
7783:
7782:
7778:
7774:
7773:
7769:
7765:
7764:
7760:
7759:
7758:
7757:
7753:
7751:
7750:
7746:
7742:
7739:
7737:
7736:
7732:
7731:
7730:
7729:
7725:
7724:
7723:
7722:
7718:
7716:
7715:
7711:
7710:
7709:
7708:
7703:
7700:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7692:
7688:
7687:
7685:
7681:
7677:
7673:
7669:
7655:
7650:
7648:
7643:
7641:
7636:
7635:
7632:
7620:
7617:
7615:
7612:
7611:
7606:
7602:
7599:
7595:
7594:
7590:
7578:
7575:
7573:
7570:
7568:
7565:
7564:
7563:
7560:
7558:
7555:
7553:
7550:
7548:
7545:
7541:
7540:Protestantism
7538:
7536:
7533:
7528:
7524:
7523:
7521:
7516:
7512:
7509:
7505:
7502:
7498:
7495:
7491:
7490:
7489:
7486:
7485:
7484:Christianity
7483:
7481:
7478:
7476:
7473:
7471:
7468:
7467:
7465:
7463:
7459:
7453:
7450:
7448:
7445:
7443:
7440:
7438:
7435:
7433:
7430:
7428:
7425:
7423:
7420:
7418:
7415:
7413:
7410:
7408:
7405:
7403:
7400:
7398:
7395:
7393:
7390:
7388:
7385:
7383:
7380:
7378:
7375:
7373:
7370:
7368:
7365:
7363:
7360:
7359:
7357:
7355:
7351:
7345:
7342:
7340:
7337:
7335:
7332:
7330:
7327:
7325:
7324:States by HDI
7322:
7320:
7319:Social issues
7317:
7315:
7312:
7310:
7307:
7305:
7302:
7300:
7297:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7270:
7267:
7265:
7262:
7260:
7257:
7256:
7253:
7250:
7248:
7244:
7234:
7231:
7230:
7228:
7226:
7222:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7206:
7203:
7201:
7198:
7196:
7193:
7191:
7185:
7183:
7180:
7178:
7175:
7173:
7170:
7168:
7165:
7163:
7160:
7158:
7155:
7153:
7150:
7148:
7145:
7143:
7140:
7139:
7136:
7133:
7131:
7127:
7117:
7114:
7112:
7109:
7107:
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7102:
7099:
7097:
7094:
7092:
7089:
7087:
7084:
7080:
7077:
7075:
7072:
7070:
7067:
7066:
7065:
7062:
7060:
7057:
7055:
7052:
7050:
7047:
7045:
7042:
7040:
7037:
7036:
7033:
7030:
7028:
7024:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6981:
6979:
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6959:
6956:
6954:
6951:
6947:
6944:
6943:
6942:
6939:
6937:
6934:
6930:
6927:
6926:
6925:
6922:
6920:
6917:
6915:
6912:
6911:
6908:
6905:
6903:
6899:
6893:
6890:
6888:
6885:
6883:
6880:
6878:
6875:
6873:
6870:
6868:
6865:
6863:
6860:
6858:
6855:
6853:
6850:
6848:
6845:
6844:
6842:
6840:
6836:
6832:
6828:
6821:
6816:
6814:
6809:
6807:
6802:
6801:
6798:
6792:
6786:
6785:
6766:
6762:
6760:9785871241141
6756:
6752:
6748:
6747:
6741:
6729:
6725:
6719:
6715:
6711:
6710:
6704:
6703:
6681:
6677:
6671:
6663:
6659:
6654:
6649:
6644:
6639:
6635:
6631:
6627:
6623:
6619:
6612:
6604:
6600:
6595:
6590:
6586:
6582:
6579:(2): 444–61.
6578:
6574:
6570:
6563:
6555:
6551:
6546:
6541:
6536:
6531:
6527:
6523:
6522:PLOS Genetics
6519:
6511:
6503:
6499:
6495:
6491:
6486:
6481:
6477:
6473:
6469:
6462:
6443:
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6418:
6414:
6410:
6406:
6402:
6398:
6391:
6383:
6381:
6373:
6369:
6366:
6361:
6354:
6350:
6347:
6342:
6334:
6330:
6325:
6320:
6315:
6310:
6306:
6302:
6299:(2): e17063.
6298:
6294:
6290:
6282:
6280:
6263:
6259:
6255:
6251:
6247:
6242:
6237:
6233:
6229:
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6216:
6214:
6212:
6210:
6201:
6197:
6192:
6187:
6182:
6177:
6173:
6169:
6166:(9): e75145.
6165:
6161:
6157:
6149:
6147:
6138:
6134:
6130:
6126:
6121:
6120:11368/2837176
6116:
6112:
6108:
6105:(5): 674–80.
6104:
6100:
6092:
6090:
6083:
6079:
6076:
6071:
6055:
6051:
6045:
6029:
6025:
6021:
6014:
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5986:
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5972:
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5919:
5915:
5908:
5901:
5885:
5881:
5875:
5856:
5849:
5843:
5841:
5833:
5829:
5826:
5820:
5813:
5809:
5806:
5801:
5794:
5789:
5773:
5769:
5765:
5759:
5743:
5739:
5735:
5728:
5726:
5709:
5705:
5699:
5683:
5679:
5675:
5669:
5653:
5649:
5645:
5639:
5631:
5627:
5622:
5617:
5613:
5609:
5604:
5599:
5595:
5591:
5588:(2): e17063.
5587:
5583:
5579:
5571:
5555:
5551:
5547:
5541:
5533:
5527:
5508:
5501:
5485:
5481:
5475:
5459:
5455:
5451:
5445:
5426:
5422:
5415:
5409:
5393:
5389:
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5367:
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5357:
5355:
5338:
5334:
5328:
5320:
5314:
5306:
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5297:
5292:
5287:
5282:
5278:
5274:
5270:
5266:
5262:
5255:
5239:
5235:
5231:
5224:
5208:
5204:
5198:
5196:
5176:
5169:
5163:
5144:
5137:
5131:
5115:
5111:
5110:Brasil Escola
5107:
5101:
5085:
5081:
5074:
5055:
5048:
5042:
5026:
5022:
5018:
5014:
5010:
5004:
4995:
4993:
4984:
4971:
4956:
4949:
4947:
4937:
4935:
4915:
4908:
4902:
4886:
4882:
4876:
4860:
4856:
4850:
4846:
4842:
4838:
4834:
4827:
4818:
4802:
4798:
4792:
4776:
4772:
4768:
4763:
4758:
4754:
4750:
4743:
4734:
4718:
4714:
4708:
4692:
4688:
4682:
4666:
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4658:
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4633:
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4604:
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4581:
4564:
4560:
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4539:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4521:
4517:
4513:
4509:
4505:
4501:
4497:
4490:
4471:
4464:
4458:
4456:
4446:
4444:
4442:
4425:
4421:
4417:
4411:
4395:
4391:
4387:
4381:
4365:
4361:
4355:
4353:
4336:
4332:
4328:
4322:
4306:
4302:
4296:
4280:
4276:
4272:
4266:
4250:
4246:
4242:
4238:
4234:
4228:
4220:
4216:
4211:
4206:
4202:
4198:
4194:
4190:
4186:
4179:
4177:
4167:
4165:
4148:
4144:
4142:9788531410833
4138:
4134:
4133:
4125:
4109:
4105:
4099:
4091:
4085:
4066:
4059:
4053:
4037:
4033:
4027:
4011:
4007:
4001:
3985:
3978:
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3968:
3966:
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3960:
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3896:
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3883:
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3860:
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3808:
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3798:
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3704:Brazil portal
3694:
3687:
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3680:
3677:
3673:
3669:
3665:
3660:
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3654:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3637:
3635:
3634:Y chromosomes
3625:
3622:
3619:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3609:
3605:
3602:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3590:
3589:
3585:
3582:
3579:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3569:
3565:
3563:Southeastern
3562:
3560:Northeastern
3559:
3556:
3553:
3550:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3540:
3536:
3532:
3531:genetic study
3527:
3525:
3520:
3510:
3508:
3504:
3499:
3496:
3492:
3482:
3479:
3476:
3474:
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3466:
3463:
3460:
3458:
3455:
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3450:
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3438:
3434:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3418:
3415:
3412:
3410:
3407:
3406:
3402:
3399:
3396:
3393:
3392:
3389:
3381:
3378:
3375:
3373:
3370:
3369:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3353:
3349:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3333:
3330:
3327:
3325:
3322:
3321:
3317:
3314:
3311:
3309:
3306:
3305:
3301:
3298:
3295:
3292:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3278:
3273:
3270:
3266:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3224:
3219:
3212:
3207:
3200:
3196:
3191:
3183:
3179:
3176:
3172:
3162:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3146:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3134:
3130:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3118:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3106:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3088:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3076:An autosomal
3069:
3066:
3063:
3061:
3058:
3057:
3053:
3050:
3047:
3045:
3042:
3041:
3037:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3025:
3021:
3018:
3015:
3013:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2989:
2986:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2965:
2963:
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2899:
2897:
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2881:
2878:
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2873:
2870:
2867:
2864:
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2860:
2857:
2847:
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2825:
2817:
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2714:
2711:
2710:
2704:
2701:
2699:
2695:
2689:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2667:
2663:
2659:
2654:
2647:
2643:
2642:Caxias do Sul
2638:
2624:
2622:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2594:
2592:
2589:
2588:
2584:
2582:
2579:
2578:
2574:
2571:
2570:
2554:
2553:Augusto Stahl
2549:
2545:
2541:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2500:
2496:
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2491:
2490:
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2484:
2481:
2480:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2466:
2462:
2447:
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2441:
2437:
2435:
2432:
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2427:
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2422:
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2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2402:
2401:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2371:Dom Feliciano
2369:
2368:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2356:
2354:
2351:
2350:
2346:
2344:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2335:Prudentópolis
2333:
2332:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2308:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2289:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2268:
2267:United States
2264:
2260:
2259:United States
2256:
2250:
2235:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2202:
2198:
2195:
2193:
2190:
2189:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2169:
2167:
2164:
2163:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2146:
2141:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2124:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2110:
2102:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:
2085:
2081:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2065:
2060:
2056:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2026:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2001:
1997:
1994:
1991:
1988:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1976:
1972:
1969:
1966:
1963:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1944:
1941:
1938:
1935:
1932:
1930:
1926:
1922:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1910:
1907:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1891:
1888:
1885:
1882:
1880:
1876:
1872:
1869:
1866:
1863:
1860:
1857:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1844:
1841:
1838:
1835:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1819:
1816:
1813:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1794:
1791:
1788:
1785:
1782:
1780:
1776:
1772:
1769:
1766:
1763:
1760:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1741:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1730:
1726:
1722:
1719:
1716:
1713:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1694:
1691:
1688:
1685:
1682:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1663:
1660:
1657:
1655:
1651:
1647:
1644:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1630:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1613:
1610:
1607:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1594:
1591:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1569:
1566:
1563:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1541:
1538:
1535:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1501:
1497:
1494:
1491:
1488:
1485:
1482:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1469:
1466:
1463:
1460:
1457:
1455:
1451:
1447:
1444:
1441:
1438:
1435:
1432:
1430:
1426:
1422:
1419:
1416:
1413:
1410:
1407:
1405:
1401:
1397:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1376:
1372:
1369:
1366:
1363:
1360:
1357:
1354:
1353:
1347:
1345:
1341:
1337:
1332:
1329:
1325:
1323:
1318:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1280:
1278:
1275:(54,182) and
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1249:
1244:
1237:
1232:
1226:
1221:
1214:
1209:
1205:
1203:
1198:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1171:
1167:
1163:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1143:
1139:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1115:
1111:
1107:
1101:
1097:
1095:
1091:
1087:
1083:
1079:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1034:
1033:Celso Furtado
1029:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1007:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
973:
969:
965:
961:
957:
953:
949:
948:Bering Strait
945:
929:
925:
924:
919:
918:
913:
912:
907:
906:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
881:
877:
870:
861:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
839:
835:
831:
827:
823:
819:
818:post-colonial
815:
811:
805:
801:
797:
793:
789:
785:
779:
769:
767:
763:
760:In 2021, the
758:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
738:Guinea Bissau
735:
731:
727:
723:
719:
715:
710:
708:
700:
696:
692:
689:
685:
682:, even if to
681:
677:
676:
675:
673:
667:
663:
653:
651:
647:
643:
639:
635:
631:
626:
624:
620:
616:
611:
609:
603:
601:
597:
593:
589:
584:
576:
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568:
559:
555:
550:
547:
544:
541:
528:
524:
521:
508:
505:
502:
499:
486:
482:
479:
466:
463:
460:
457:
444:
440:
437:
424:
421:
418:
415:
402:
399:
396:
393:
380:
376:
373:
372:French Guiana
360:
356:
353:
340:
337:
334:
331:
318:
314:
311:
298:
294:
291:
278:
275:
272:
269:
256:
252:
249:
236:
232:
229:
216:
213:
210:
207:
194:
191:
188:
185:
172:
169:
166:
163:
150:
147:
144:
141:
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125:
122:
119:
118:United States
106:
102:
94:
90:
85:
79:
73:
67:
60:
55:
51:
46:
37:
33:
19:
8544:Colonization
8413:Scandinavian
8299:By ethnicity
8189:East Indians
8146:in São Paulo
8102:(East Asian)
8093:By ethnicity
7905:Confederados
7903:
7832:West Africa
7813:
7802:By ethnicity
7779:
7771:
7762:
7755:
7748:
7733:
7726:
7720:
7713:
7705:
7690:
7689:
7329:Unemployment
7313:
7279:Demographics
7157:Central Bank
7064:Human rights
7044:Constitution
6914:Amazon basin
6769:. Retrieved
6745:
6732:. Retrieved
6708:
6684:. Retrieved
6670:
6625:
6621:
6611:
6576:
6572:
6562:
6525:
6521:
6510:
6475:
6471:
6461:
6449:. Retrieved
6442:the original
6432:
6421:the original
6403:(2): e61–3.
6400:
6396:
6360:
6341:
6296:
6292:
6268:13 September
6266:. Retrieved
6231:
6225:
6163:
6159:
6102:
6098:
6070:
6058:. Retrieved
6044:
6034:27 September
6032:. Retrieved
6023:
6013:
5995:
5977:
5966:
5955:
5937:
5925:. Retrieved
5918:the original
5914:Convergencia
5913:
5900:
5888:. Retrieved
5884:the original
5874:
5862:. Retrieved
5819:
5800:
5788:
5776:. Retrieved
5767:
5758:
5746:. Retrieved
5742:the original
5737:
5712:. Retrieved
5698:
5686:. Retrieved
5677:
5668:
5656:. Retrieved
5647:
5638:
5585:
5581:
5570:
5558:. Retrieved
5549:
5540:
5526:
5514:. Retrieved
5500:
5488:. Retrieved
5474:
5462:. Retrieved
5450:Revista Veja
5444:
5432:. Retrieved
5420:
5408:
5396:. Retrieved
5382:
5370:. Retrieved
5341:. Retrieved
5327:
5313:cite journal
5268:
5264:
5254:
5242:. Retrieved
5233:
5223:
5211:. Retrieved
5182:. Retrieved
5162:
5150:. Retrieved
5130:
5118:. Retrieved
5109:
5100:
5088:. Retrieved
5073:
5061:. Retrieved
5041:
5029:. Retrieved
5012:
5003:
4970:cite journal
4958:. Retrieved
4921:. Retrieved
4914:the original
4901:
4889:. Retrieved
4885:the original
4875:
4863:. Retrieved
4836:
4826:
4817:
4805:. Retrieved
4791:
4779:. Retrieved
4752:
4742:
4733:
4721:. Retrieved
4707:
4695:. Retrieved
4681:
4669:. Retrieved
4660:
4636:. Retrieved
4622:
4612:
4603:
4594:
4567:. Retrieved
4558:
4503:
4499:
4489:
4477:. Retrieved
4428:. Retrieved
4419:
4410:
4398:. Retrieved
4389:
4380:
4368:. Retrieved
4339:. Retrieved
4330:
4321:
4309:. Retrieved
4305:The Guardian
4304:
4295:
4283:. Retrieved
4274:
4265:
4253:. Retrieved
4236:
4227:
4195:(1): 281–6.
4192:
4188:
4151:. Retrieved
4131:
4124:
4112:. Retrieved
4098:
4072:. Retrieved
4052:
4040:. Retrieved
4026:
4014:. Retrieved
4000:
3990:19 September
3988:. Retrieved
3924:the original
3917:
3907:
3899:the original
3892:
3859:
3850:
3841:
3772:Confederados
3681:
3661:
3650:
3638:
3631:
3528:
3516:
3500:
3488:
3473:South Region
3409:North Region
3387:
3372:South Region
3308:North Region
3284:
3280:
3274:
3262:
3251:
3241:
3230:
3228:
3168:
3083:
3075:
3060:South Region
2996:North Region
2966:
2959:
2944:South Region
2880:North Region
2853:
2838:
2781:
2721:North Brazil
2702:
2693:
2691:
2581:North Brazil
2543:
2483:North Brazil
2464:
2404:North Brazil
2353:Treze Tílias
2252:
2230:Not declared
2113:
2106:
2087:
2072:Porto Alegre
2061:
2057:
2053:
1679:Minas Gerais
1333:
1330:
1326:
1319:
1314:
1310:
1306:
1304:
1296:
1293:
1289:
1288:
1284:foreign-born
1281:
1263:(142,250),
1258:
1199:
1183:
1179:
1148:and 700,000
1134:
1118:malnutrition
1102:
1098:
1046:
1042:Minas Gerais
1028:18th century
1008:
1000:yellow fever
941:
921:
915:
909:
903:
807:
796:Dutch Brazil
759:
711:
704:
669:
627:
612:
604:
566:
565:
349:
101:4.59 million
100:
65:
49:
39:Ethnic group
36:
8559:from Europe
8554:Immigration
8549:Slave trade
8315:By country
8251:Palestinian
8184:Bangladeshi
8110:By country
7978:Costa Rican
7815:quilombolas
7488:Catholicism
7402:Malandragem
7367:Archaeology
7294:Immigration
7200:Stock index
7142:Agriculture
6941:Environment
6699:Works cited
6686:29 December
6451:22 February
5960:Pomerode-SC
5942:Nova Veneza
5714:22 December
5678:ibge.gov.br
5490:25 February
5398:25 February
5372:25 February
5343:25 February
5213:25 February
5184:25 February
5152:25 February
5120:10 December
5063:25 February
5031:10 December
4960:10 December
4923:25 February
4891:10 December
4865:24 December
4807:25 February
4781:10 December
4723:23 February
4697:23 February
4671:23 February
4638:25 February
4569:10 December
4479:25 February
4430:10 December
4400:10 December
4370:25 February
4341:10 December
4311:10 December
4285:10 December
4255:10 December
3258:populations
3195:Oktoberfest
2973:populations
2765:0.5 - 0.7%
2745:0.7 - 0.8%
2735:0.3 - 0.5%
2715:Percentage
2700:community.
2575:Percentage
2560: 1865
2477:Percentage
2398:Percentage
2299:Nova Veneza
2293:Percentage
1629:Mato Grosso
1166:Middle East
964:Lagoa Santa
930:Brazilians.
810:descendants
707:citizenship
575:Brasileiros
520:Netherlands
352:Switzerland
72:2022 census
66:203 million
50:Brasileiros
8586:Categories
8566:Emigration
8454:Portuguese
8449:Macedonian
8408:Lithuanian
8372:Belarusian
8168:Vietnamese
8136:Indonesian
8071:Venezuelan
8061:Surinamese
8051:Paraguayan
8041:Ecuadorian
8003:Salvadoran
7998:Panamanian
7993:Nicaraguan
7983:Guatemalan
7702:Mixed-race
7691:Brazilians
7527:Antiochian
7452:Television
7422:Newspapers
7397:Literature
7269:Corruption
7264:Censorship
7189:(currency)
7059:Government
5560:13 January
4153:25 October
3919:CNN Brazil
3871:References
3817:Lusitanics
3539:Portuguese
2678:See also:
2284:Town name
2218:Amerindian
2192:Mixed-race
2140:Skin color
2123:Amerindian
1779:Pernambuco
1373:No answer
1279:(32,562).
1271:(57,765),
1267:(97,316),
1202:mixed race
1142:Portuguese
1106:birth rate
1020:Pernambuco
990:, such as
984:Macro-Tupi
960:indigenous
880:Portuguese
854:Ukrainians
830:Portuguese
782:See also:
762:population
746:East Timor
730:Cape Verde
726:Mozambique
656:Definition
623:indigenous
619:Brazilwood
615:Portuguese
571:Portuguese
567:Brazilians
558:Portuguese
43:Brazilians
8484:British (
8429:Bulgarian
8382:Ukrainian
8346:Hungarian
8317:or region
8194:Pakistani
8158:Malaysian
8112:or region
8066:Uruguayan
8036:Colombian
8021:Argentine
7945:Barbadian
7937:Caribbean
7911:New Texas
7899:Americana
7862:Congolese
7735:mamelucos
7572:Quimbanda
7567:Candomblé
7437:Sculpture
7412:Mythology
7362:Animation
7304:Languages
7284:Education
7225:Transport
7086:Judiciary
7049:Elections
6998:Time Zone
6973:Mountains
6936:Coastline
6902:Geography
6791:Lusotopia
6771:31 August
6734:31 August
6714:Cambridge
6258:205301927
6024:Lens Blog
5658:13 August
5612:1932-6203
5021:1677-650X
4771:0002-0591
4753:Afro-Ásia
4520:1415-4757
4245:0362-4331
4135:. EdUSP.
3566:Southern
3557:Northern
3519:phenotype
3397:European
3296:European
3175:ethnicity
3171:autosomal
3093:European
2984:European
2868:European
2725:0.5 - 1%
2343:Ukrainian
2147:in Brazil
2064:São Paulo
2029:Tocantins
1979:São Paulo
1261:Venezuela
1150:Spaniards
968:Rio Claro
842:Spaniards
688:diplomats
552:Languages
392:Australia
310:Argentina
124:1,900,000
8490:Scottish
8459:Romanian
8434:Croatian
8422:Southern
8398:Estonian
8391:Northern
8331:Austrian
8246:Lebanese
8231:Armenian
8177:Southern
8141:Japanese
8131:Filipino
8056:Peruvian
8046:Guyanese
8026:Bolivian
7988:Honduran
7960:Jamaican
7923:Canadian
7881:Americas
7840:Nigerian
7763:caiçaras
7728:caboclos
7707:mestiços
7614:Category
7552:Hinduism
7501:Maronite
7480:Buddhism
7462:Religion
7427:Painting
7377:Carnaval
7259:Abortion
7205:Taxation
7177:Industry
7101:Military
7027:Politics
7008:Wildlife
6978:Pantanal
6847:Timeline
6831:articles
6765:Archived
6728:Archived
6680:Archived
6662:27046235
6622:PLOS ONE
6603:10873790
6554:25254375
6502:10103856
6494:16917899
6417:20129458
6368:Archived
6349:Archived
6333:21359226
6293:PLOS ONE
6262:Archived
6250:19639555
6200:24073242
6160:PLOS ONE
6154:(2013).
6137:25051722
6129:25820814
6078:Archived
6060:19 March
6054:Archived
6028:Archived
6003:Archived
5985:Archived
5945:Archived
5855:Archived
5828:Archived
5808:Archived
5778:3 August
5772:Archived
5748:3 August
5708:Archived
5688:3 August
5682:Archived
5652:Archived
5630:21359226
5582:PLOS ONE
5554:Archived
5484:Archived
5458:Archived
5425:Archived
5392:Archived
5366:Archived
5337:Archived
5305:25419701
5265:PLOS ONE
5238:Archived
5207:Archived
5175:Archived
5143:Archived
5114:Archived
5084:Archived
5054:Archived
5025:Archived
4859:Archived
4801:Archived
4775:Archived
4717:Archived
4691:Archived
4665:Archived
4632:Archived
4563:Archived
4538:31188926
4470:Archived
4424:Archived
4394:Archived
4364:Archived
4335:Archived
4279:Archived
4249:Archived
4219:11090340
4147:Archived
4108:Archived
4104:"Brazil"
4084:cite web
4065:Archived
4036:Archived
4010:Archived
3690:See also
3684:European
3657:Portugal
3653:European
3611:European
3524:ancestry
3400:African
3299:African
3255:parental
3247:ancestry
3213:clothes.
3199:Blumenau
3096:African
2987:African
2871:African
2844:European
2835:in 2009.
2797:Campinas
2698:Japanese
2660:used in
2361:Austrian
2317:Pomerode
2080:Brasília
2076:Curitiba
1904:Rondônia
1604:Maranhão
1454:Amazonas
1311:Indígena
1290:Refugees
1286:people.
1277:Colombia
1265:Paraguay
1193:and the
1164:and the
1146:Italians
1057:Americas
992:smallpox
988:immunity
980:Macro-Jê
956:Americas
896:Japanese
846:Japanese
834:Italians
718:Portugal
634:Portugal
540:Suriname
162:Paraguay
140:Portugal
8486:English
8480:Belgian
8473:Western
8464:Spanish
8444:Italian
8403:Latvian
8377:Russian
8365:Eastern
8324:Central
8273:Turkish
8263:Iranian
8224:Western
8208:Central
8126:Chinese
8119:Eastern
8031:Chilean
7955:Haitian
7928:Mexican
7857:Angolan
7821:Kalunga
7781:sararás
7772:mulatos
7756:juçaras
7749:cafuzos
7714:ainokos
7598:Outline
7577:Umbanda
7557:Judaism
7508:Melkite
7392:Cuisine
7354:Culture
7339:Welfare
7247:Society
7215:Tourism
7172:Exports
7130:Economy
6988:Regions
6963:Islands
6958:Geology
6924:Climate
6839:History
6653:4821637
6630:Bibcode
6594:1287189
6545:4177621
6324:3040205
6301:Bibcode
6191:3779230
6168:Bibcode
5864:12 July
5621:3040205
5590:Bibcode
5296:4242606
5273:Bibcode
4529:6905439
4210:1234928
4114:21 July
3894:Reuters
3676:Germany
3672:Lebanon
3642:America
3591:African
3554:Brazil
3493:(UnB),
3394:Region
3376:87.70%
3363:14.10%
3360:79.90%
3350:11.80%
3347:18.70%
3344:65.90%
3331:13.60%
3328:77.40%
3318:10.70%
3315:18.20%
3312:71.10%
3293:Region
3160:10.30%
3157:79.50%
3144:17.30%
3141:74.20%
3128:29.30%
3125:60.10%
3115:18.50%
3112:10.50%
3109:68.80%
3090:Region
2981:Region
2865:Region
2807:Singer
2694:amarela
2517:35.69%
2339:Paraná
2307:Italian
2199:43.80%
2173:48.43%
2004:Sergipe
1929:Roraima
1729:Paraíba
1404:Alagoas
1340:Roraima
1269:Bolivia
1215:(1887).
1154:Germany
1094:Nigeria
996:measles
954:to the
952:Siberia
923:caboclo
888:Italian
838:Germans
699:citizen
694:Brazil;
684:foreign
638:gentile
560:(99.7%)
498:Bolivia
478:Belgium
456:Uruguay
414:Ireland
295:133,170
274:160,000
268:Germany
253:165,000
233:157,000
212:211,840
190:220,000
168:254,000
146:360,000
8571:Racism
8501:French
8351:Polish
8341:German
8291:Europe
8268:Jewish
8256:Syrian
8215:Afghan
8199:Romani
8153:Korean
8100:Yellow
7794:Africa
7721:pardos
7683:Brazil
7672:Brazil
7619:Portal
7475:Baháʼí
7447:Sports
7387:Comics
7382:Cinema
7314:People
7289:Health
7182:Mining
7167:Energy
6993:Rivers
6829:
6827:Brazil
6757:
6720:
6660:
6650:
6601:
6591:
6552:
6542:
6500:
6492:
6415:
6331:
6321:
6256:
6248:
6198:
6188:
6135:
6127:
5927:26 May
5628:
5618:
5610:
5464:4 June
5303:
5293:
5090:12 May
5019:
4851:
4769:
4536:
4526:
4518:
4243:
4217:
4207:
4139:
4074:31 May
4042:31 May
4016:31 May
3664:France
3646:Europe
3543:Europe
3477:81.5%
3464:32.0%
3461:60.7%
3451:12.0%
3448:21.7%
3445:66.3%
3435:10.0%
3432:23.3%
3429:66.7%
3419:18.1%
3416:21.3%
3413:60.6%
3382:5.20%
3379:7.70%
3366:6.10%
3334:8.90%
3211:Gaucho
3163:9.40%
3147:7.30%
3131:8.90%
2712:Region
2686:, and
2666:Brazil
2658:poster
2648:, 1901
2615:7.91%
2572:Region
2527:17.3%
2507:50.6%
2497:62.7%
2487:71.2%
2474:Region
2428:41.7%
2418:28.8%
2408:23.5%
2395:Region
2379:Polish
2325:German
2287:State
2271:Russia
2236:0.07%
2225:0.28%
2196:38.45%
2186:6.84%
2170:53.74%
2101:Paraná
1754:Paraná
1170:coffee
1130:births
1126:deaths
1062:Angola
928:Native
917:mulato
911:cafuzo
884:German
840:, and
802:, and
754:rights
744:, and
722:Angola
680:Brazil
588:Brazil
546:30,000
537:
525:76,500
517:
504:56,500
495:
483:40,000
475:
462:59,090
453:
441:45,000
436:Mexico
433:
420:80,000
411:
398:46,630
389:
377:91,500
369:
357:64,000
336:90,000
330:France
327:
315:90,320
307:
290:Canada
287:
265:
245:
225:
203:
181:
159:
137:
115:
103:(2022)
8506:Irish
8496:Dutch
8439:Greek
8356:Swiss
8336:Czech
8306:White
8241:Iraqi
7950:Cuban
7809:Black
7605:Index
7547:Islam
7407:Music
7344:Youth
7274:Crime
7187:Real
6498:S2CID
6445:(PDF)
6424:(PDF)
6393:(PDF)
6254:S2CID
6133:S2CID
5921:(PDF)
5910:(PDF)
5890:9 May
5858:(PDF)
5851:(PDF)
5516:9 May
5510:(PDF)
5434:5 May
5428:(PDF)
5417:(PDF)
5244:6 May
5178:(PDF)
5171:(PDF)
5146:(PDF)
5139:(PDF)
5057:(PDF)
5050:(PDF)
4917:(PDF)
4910:(PDF)
4589:2005.
4473:(PDF)
4466:(PDF)
4275:Super
4068:(PDF)
4061:(PDF)
3980:(PDF)
3833:Notes
3668:Italy
3535:mtDNA
3483:9.2%
3480:9.3%
3467:7.3%
3285:group
3283:pardo
2970:urban
2755:1.1%
2662:Japan
2625:3.6%
2605:5.7%
2595:8.1%
2585:6.2%
2233:0.71%
2222:0.43%
2212:1.1%
2209:0.45%
2183:6.21%
2179:Black
2166:White
2160:2008
2039:63.6
2033:24.5
2014:61.8
2008:27.7
1989:29.4
1983:63.7
1964:12.6
1958:83.9
1945:11.2
1939:60.9
1933:20.9
1914:55.8
1889:10.6
1883:83.2
1864:52.8
1858:40.8
1839:39.6
1836:12.1
1833:47.4
1814:64.3
1808:24.2
1804:Piauí
1789:55.5
1783:36.5
1764:25.4
1758:70.1
1739:52.9
1733:39.7
1714:69.9
1708:21.6
1689:44.6
1683:45.1
1664:44.1
1658:46.8
1639:52.8
1633:37.2
1614:66.9
1608:21.9
1589:50.3
1583:41.4
1579:Goiás
1564:48.7
1558:42.1
1539:48.6
1533:41.8
1514:62.3
1508:31.6
1504:Ceará
1489:59.5
1479:Bahia
1458:21.2
1439:65.7
1433:23.8
1429:Amapá
1414:60.8
1389:66.9
1383:23.3
1322:Piauí
1273:Haiti
1225:Bahia
1191:trade
1162:Japan
1128:than
1090:Benin
1082:Ghana
1074:Gabon
1024:Bahia
1016:sugar
944:Asian
905:pardo
900:Black
876:White
850:Poles
248:Spain
228:Italy
206:Japan
8488:and
8236:Arab
8163:Thai
8085:Asia
7372:Arts
7074:LGBT
6773:2022
6755:ISBN
6736:2022
6718:ISBN
6688:2011
6658:PMID
6599:PMID
6550:PMID
6490:PMID
6453:2016
6413:PMID
6329:PMID
6270:2020
6246:PMID
6196:PMID
6125:PMID
6062:2022
6036:2013
5929:2016
5892:2011
5866:2014
5780:2016
5750:2016
5716:2013
5690:2016
5660:2020
5626:PMID
5608:ISSN
5562:2019
5518:2022
5492:2023
5466:2015
5436:2022
5400:2023
5374:2023
5345:2023
5319:link
5301:PMID
5246:2022
5215:2023
5186:2023
5154:2023
5122:2022
5092:2020
5065:2023
5033:2022
5017:ISSN
4983:help
4962:2022
4925:2023
4893:2022
4867:2021
4849:ISBN
4809:2023
4783:2022
4767:ISSN
4725:2023
4699:2023
4673:2023
4640:2023
4571:2022
4534:PMID
4516:ISSN
4481:2023
4432:2022
4402:2022
4372:2023
4343:2022
4313:2022
4287:2022
4257:2022
4241:ISSN
4215:PMID
4155:2020
4137:ISBN
4116:2015
4090:link
4076:2024
4044:2024
4018:2024
3992:2023
3666:and
3626:66%
3606:12%
3586:22%
3253:the
3070:11%
3067:15%
3064:74%
3054:12%
3051:27%
3048:61%
3038:16%
3035:26%
3032:58%
3022:16%
3019:28%
3016:56%
3006:32%
3003:17%
3000:51%
2954:11%
2951:12%
2948:77%
2938:10%
2935:23%
2932:67%
2922:12%
2919:24%
2916:64%
2906:15%
2903:27%
2900:58%
2890:32%
2887:16%
2884:51%
2833:Acre
2448:78%
2438:56%
2383:90%
2365:60%
2347:70%
2329:90%
2311:95%
2269:and
2157:2000
2145:race
2129:and
2082:and
2045:0.9
2036:9.1
2020:0.3
2017:1.3
2011:8.9
1995:0.1
1992:1.4
1986:5.4
1970:0.3
1967:0.4
1961:2.9
1923:0.1
1920:0.9
1917:1.4
1911:6.8
1895:0.3
1892:0.3
1886:5.5
1870:0.1
1867:1.1
1861:5.2
1845:0.1
1842:0.8
1820:0.1
1817:2.1
1811:9.3
1795:0.6
1786:6.4
1770:0.2
1767:1.2
1761:3.1
1745:0.5
1742:1.2
1736:5.6
1720:0.5
1717:0.9
1704:Pará
1695:0.2
1686:9.2
1670:2.9
1667:1.2
1661:4.9
1645:1.4
1642:1.2
1636:7.4
1620:0.5
1617:1.1
1611:9.6
1595:0.1
1592:1.7
1586:6.5
1570:0.3
1567:0.6
1561:8.3
1545:0.3
1542:1.7
1536:7.6
1520:0.2
1517:1.2
1511:4.6
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1492:1.2
1470:4.8
1467:0.9
1461:4.1
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1436:8.4
1420:0.4
1417:1.1
1411:6.6
1395:2.1
1386:5.7
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1072:and
1038:gold
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982:and
920:and
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