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Algerians to fill this role. The travel limitations were relaxed to allow
Algerians to travel and immigrate to France to fill the voids in the labor force. In 1912, the French desire for workers grew as the country grew while also needing additional soldiers for the military. In response, the decree was softened allowing further immigration from Algeria. Shortly afterwards, during World War I France needed more resources to assist ongoing war. France saw large waves of migration of Algerians to France in order to serve in the military and to become laborers. The war saw casualties upwards of 100,000 Algerian soldiers serving the French and a new population of Algerian immigrants into France. As the war came to an end, the French became more accepting of the Muslim people and wanted to celebrate them for their efforts and sacrifices for France.
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454:, Mr. E. Tronquois. Our discussions frequently turned towards Islam and the role of French Muslims on the field of battle. Mr. Tronquois expressed the opinion that a mosque would be a veritable commemorative monument to their heroism and their sacrifices. I explained to Mr. Tronquois the facts and points of view previously expressed and we resolved also to get to work. And in the summer of 1916 a certain number of Muslims living in Paris and their friends met several times at the headquarters of
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337:. The enclosure measured about 800 square meters, and in it the Ottomans built a structure labeled as a 'Mosque,' in order to give shelter to funerary services and the prayers for the deceased. It was thus the first mosque constructed on Parisian territory. However, it was not the first in Western Europe since the disappearance of Muslims from the south of France in the ninth century, because there was an earlier mosque that had long been used in
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759:. Jewish refugees were given papers declaring that they were Muslim and members of the mosque in order to protect them from persecution. Doctor Albert Assouline recorded some 1600 ration cards (one per person) that had been furnished by the Great Mosque of Paris for the Jews who had found refuge there. This little-known history was recounted in Karen Gray Ruelle and Deborah Durland DeSaix's,
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900:(Women in the Mosque) demanded from the administration the right to pray in the same room as men, having been excluded from it and relegated to the entrance foyer. The spokesperson of the movement, Hanane Karimi, stated, "The previous policy reflects the organization of the Muslim community along certain conventions today, that women have no place there; they have become invisible."
1027:. In order to limit the spread of the disease, France banned any gatherings over 100 people. On June 2, 2020, the mosque reopened with requirements including social distancing, capacity, and face coverings. The mosque would continue to cease and resume operations as the country would enter and exit lockdown several more times.
972:. The Institut musulman exercises the religious prerogatives in the matter of Islamic ritual sacrifice while the SFCVH is charged with overseeing the technical, administrative, and commercial aspects of control and certification of the processes of slaughter, such as electrocution and inert gas asphyxiation.
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reasons (the recent conquest and pacification of
Algeria), but also religious since Muslims were judged to be closer to Roman Catholicism than the Jews." The negative reaction of the Ministry of Justice and Religions, which debated the matter with the National Assembly, shelved the project for ten years.
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The
Institut musulman de la grande mosquée de Paris is in a religious partnership with the Société française de contrôle de la viande halal (SFCVH; French Agency for Control of Halal Meat) agreed upon to regulate the priests authorized to perform ritual slaughter in conformation with the Decree of 15
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The Grand Mosque has endured multiple
Islamophobic attacks in recent years. In 2015, a man attempted to drive a truck into the mosque, but was stopped by barriers of police officials put outside by the government to prevent racist incidents. On another occasion in 2015 a man scrawled swastikas on the
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withdrew the guardianship of the Mosque from the
Ministry and the city of Paris, an act which has since permitted Algeria to finance a third of the budget of the mosque (in 2015, this budget totalled 1.8 million euros). Even if the mosque is legally independent, it remains religiously and culturally
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The Great Mosque of Paris was funded by the French state as per the law of 19 August 1920, which accorded a subvention of 500,000 francs for the construction of a Muslim
Institute composed of a mosque, a library, and a meeting and study room. The law of 19 August 1920 did, however, infringe upon the
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blocked the implementation of the project. In 1923, however, an inter-ministerial commission of Muslim affairs discussed the work for completing a Muslim cemetery in Père
Lachaise. It concluded that it was not practical to build a mosque in the cemetery, as they were looking to build a mosque in the
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embassy in 1878 and 1885." In 1846, the Société orientale (Eastern
Society) proposed the construction "in Paris, then at Marseilles, of a cemetery, mosque, and a Muslim school (collège)." According to the historian Michel Renard, it was put forward "for philanthropic reasons, augmented by political
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The mosque also includes a traditional restaurant "Aux Portes de l'Orient" (At the Doors of the East) which serves the cuisine of the Magreb such as tagine and couscous, along with a tea room (serving mint tea, loukoum, pastries, hookah). There are also
Turkish baths (exclusively for women), shops
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On 12 December 2011, an official ceremony marked the start of the construction of a retractable roof covering the great patio facing the prayer hall of the Great Mosque. This important project, long-awaited for many years by its congregants in order to protect them during inclement weather, was an
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has put forward plans to resume this project from which the reforms which she proposes will be recommended and completed with success. The members of the
Algerian Muslim delegation in Paris who came to Paris in 1912, Dr. Benthami, Dr. Moussa, the lawyer Mr. Mokhtar Hadj Saïd, etc., recall that the
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which enabled punishments, such as being stripped of land, and discrimination towards the colonials. This decree also restricted travel of Algerians internationally and in their own country by requiring permits to travel. In 1905, a strike among the French workforce had French officials look to
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in order to examine and, if need be, critique the sketches of the architect. Among them I recall were the Emir Khaled, having come from the Front and passing through Paris; Dr. Benthami; the mufti Mokrani; Dr. Tamzali and his brother; Halil Bey; Ziane; the painter Dinet; the Countess d’Aubigny;
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The cemetery covered the tombs of Ottomans who had died in France. Little used, in 1883 it was cut down in size, but soon the building fell into disrepair, so the Ottoman government decided to finance its reconstruction and extension. In 1914, an architectural design was put forward for a more
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The Mosque maintains a positive public relations campaign in attempt to dispel common Islamic stereotypes that exist in France. Dr. Dalil Boubakeur is the official face of Islam in France and does everything in his power to provide access to his beliefs through books, interview, and is even a
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believed that the project for the Parisian mosque was one that French citizens knew "to be in accordance with their spirit and their heart’s love of their country and the respect of Islam." It was why Bourdarie did not stop lobbying for his project and undertook serious work to get the French
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Such a proposal cannot be forgotten and lost . It reflects too much the political outlook that France ought to follow towards her Muslim sons, and which should translate above all into acts of political and administrative equality and above all into gestures of sympathy and goodwill. From its
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The history of the Paris mosque is inextricably linked to France's colonization of large parts of the Muslim world over the course of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. An early, if not the first, project for a mosque in Paris is recorded as desired to be "in the Baujon district in 1842,
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The Grand Mosque plays an important role in French social society, promoting the visibility of Islam and Muslims. The mosque was assigned to Algeria in 1957 by the French Foreign Minister. The Paris Mosque serves as the head mosque for French mosques and is currently led by
815:), is, however, more skeptical about the figure of 1500 Jews saved and states that "of the 2,500 members of our organization" there "is nobody who has ever heard of it." He considers, nonetheless, that the campaign to launch an appeal to witnesses undertaken by the
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Since 1921, the Great Mosque has been under the authority of the Société des Habous et lieux saints d l'Islam, an association regulated by the Law of 1901, owner of the building following its donation by the city of Paris. In the 1980s the Minister of the Interior
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Bourdarie evoked, in his article, the contradiction between the alliance with England which worked to dominate the majority of countries in the Muslim world while the French interest was to remain "friends of the Turk according to the wishes of
781:(Association of the Female Builders of Peace), reports that, according to Albert Assouline, who appears in Birkani's film, 1600 people were saved. On the other hand, according to Alain Boyer, former official working with religions for the
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The Mosque, along with the Islamic Center, are listed in the supplementary inventory of Historic Monuments by the decree of 9 December 1983. The edifice is filed under the label of "Twentieth Century Patrimony" (Patrimoine du XXe siècle).
290:. There are prayer rooms, an outdoor garden, a small library, a gift shop, along with a cafe and restaurant. In all, the mosque plays an important role in promoting the visibility of Islam and Muslims in France. It is the oldest mosque in
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The mosque is open for tourists every day of the year (except for Fridays), outside of the rooms of imams and those for instruction, and the spaces reserved for reading of the Koran, prayers, and meditations by Muslims.
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A call for witnesses to the circumstances of Jews saved by the Great Mosque of Paris between 1942 and 1944 was launched on 3 April 2005, at the same time as the Medal of Justice (médaille des Justes) was awarded by
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promulgating the secular nature of the government, whose signatories had included Edouard Herriot and Aristide Briand themselves. The Great Mosque was built on the site of the former Charity Hospital (
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568:. The first stone was laid in 1922. The work was completed by Robert Fournez, Maurice Mantout and Charles Heubès based on plans by Maurice Tranchant de Lunel. The mosque was built following the
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Bourdarie was truly the father of the project for the Parisian mosque, and he worked tirelessly towards its completion. The first concept for the project was worked up by the architect
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907:, some controversies have arisen, such as those who want to give an emphyteutic lease to the Société des Habous and sacred places of Islam. In 2013, the office of the mayor of Paris
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739:(FTP; Partisan Snipers) made it their mission to secure and protect British parachutists and find them shelter. Built on caves, the Mosque permitted them to secretly reach the
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747:. The FTP also helped Jewish families or families whom they knew or at the request of friends, relocate to the Mosque while waiting for transit papers for passage to the
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The Great Mosque of Paris can accommodate up to 1,000 people, and authorizes access to women, and provides confessional rooms as well as access for handicapped persons.
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Michel Renard, « Les prémisses d’une présence musulmane et sa perception en France — Séjours musulmans et rencontres avec l’islam », dans Arkoun 2006,
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Embassy in Paris to construct a special enclosure that was reserved for the burial of Muslims in the 85th division of the Parisian Cemetery of the East, called
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Today the Grand Mosque is the largest mosque in France and the third largest in Europe. It is located in the 5th arrondissement in the Latin Quarter near the
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when the Société des Habous was charged with constructing the mosque. This association, created in 1917, had the goal of organizing an annual pilgrimage to
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988:. The mosque is a tourist destination as well as a place of prayer, and it offers guided tours. There are also large Turkish marble baths for visitors.
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and a senator; the vice-presidencies to Mr. Lucien Hubert, Senator; Marin and Prat, members of the Chamber of Deputies; and A. Brisson, the director of
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The figures concerning the number of Jews housed and saved through the Paris Mosque during this period vary considerably according to various authors.
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Lavenarde; Christian Cherfils; the deputy A. Prat, etc. Following these meetings, a committee was formed, the presidency of which was offered to Mr.
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as the leading actors. The film was criticized by the historians Michel Renard and Daniel Lefeuvre, who consider it not particularly serious.
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and Islam, recommended the erection of a mosque in Paris. Others, without a doubt, view the same construction as both desirable and possible.
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walls of the mosque. After the attacks the members of the mosque came together looking for hope and unity after the attempted vandalism.
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471:. The Interministerial Commission of Muslim Affairs, which knew of the project through Mr. Gout, had given its approval, and Mr.
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The first project for a true mosque in Paris was envisaged without success in 1895 by the Committee of French Africa set up by
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by the Nazis, the Great Mosque of Paris served as a site of resistance for Muslims living in France. The Algerians of the
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The great entrance door to the Paris Mosque is ornamented with stylized floral motifs in the most pure Islamic style.
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878:, then the Minister of the Interior in charge of Religion, gave the Grand Mosque the authority of certifying meat as
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from 12 January 1896 was, however, optimistic about this project, specifically for a mosque to be constructed on the
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Des juifs ont été sauvés par la mosquée de Paris, l'association les Bâtisseuses de paix veut rappeler les faits
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announced officially the start of procedures for the acquisition of the property of the Great Mosque of Paris.
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Entrance door of oak, with bronze hardware, surmounted by tracery in eucalyptus wood and a crescent with a star
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Hiez, David (2008-09-08), "Chapitre 4. Les conceptions du droit et de la loi dans la pensée désobéissante",
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In November 2012, a prayer room was set up in Paris by a member of the group 'Homosexual Muslims of France'
475:, former Minister of Foreign Affairs, offered his patronage, and so the project was brought directly to Mr.
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question was addressed at that moment in the course of the meetings which took place at the headquarters of
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linked to Algeria, which exercises an unwritten right to the nomination of its rector; although, in 2015,
668:, was entrusted to specialized craftsmen from North Africa using traditional materials. The 33-meter-tall
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Lettre du 28 janvier 1847 du ministère des Affaires étrangères au ministère de l’Intérieur et des Cultes.
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and insuring that the pilgrims followed regulations of security and hygiene during their travel to the
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Against the Modern World: Traditionalism and the Secret Intellectual History of the Twentieth Century
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led the first communal prayer to inaugurate the newly built mosque. On the eve of the inauguration,
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selling traditional Arab crafts, and all these establishments are open year-round to the public.
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866:, who has served as rector since 1992. In 1993 the Institut Al-Ghazali was founded, a religious
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In a 1991 documentary, director Derri Berkani reported that during the Second World War and the
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763:, a book for ages 8–12, published in the U.S. in 2009 (also in French and Japanese editions).
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922:(Institute of Muslim Cultures), citing the 1905 Law of the separation of Church and State.
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2363:"At the Paris Great Mosque there's tranquility inside and heavily armed guards outside"
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The decision to construct the mosque resurfaced more precisely in the aftermath of the
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Allocution du ministre de la Défense à la grande mosquée de Paris – 11 novembre 2010.
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prominent building with a dome and clear "Islamic" characteristics evident, but the
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Detail of geometric motif on the north side of the minaret above the main entrance.
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The Grand Mosque of Paris: A Story of How Muslims Rescued Jews During the Holocaust
621:. Doumergue celebrated the Franco-Muslim friendship sealed by the bloodshed on the
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417:. In the meantime, Mr. Christian Cherfils, the Islamophile and author of a work on
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The Grand Mosque of Paris urged voters to "follow the path of hope" by voting for
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2159:"la Mosquée de Paris sous l'Occupation, 1940-1944 - DOSSIER - études-coloniales"
1023:
On March 13, 2020, the Grand Mosque of Paris was forced to shut down due to the
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The Great Mosque of Paris covers an area of 7,500 square meters, and comprises:
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2337:"Pourquoi la mairie de Paris renonce au projet d'un second bâtiment pour l'ICI"
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Integrating Islam: Political and Religious Challenges in Contemporary France
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A prayer room whose decoration is inspired by many parts of the Muslim world
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The contemporary mosque: architects, clients, and designs since the 1950s
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836:), about the forgotten history of the Muslim resistance fighters during
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It was inaugurated on 16 July 1926, in the presence of French President
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2323:"L'Institut des cultures d'Islam pointé en justice par un contribuable"
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1539:"Shadows and Light: Colonial Modernity and the Grand Mosquee of Paris"
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and affirmed that the Republic protected all beliefs. The Sufi Sheikh
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1492:"What Was the "Indigénat"? The 'Empire of Law' in French West Africa"
447:
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172:
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Chebel, Malek (13 March 2012). "L'histoire de la mosquée de Paris".
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refused permission of the construction of a second building for the
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2133:
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1862:"Architecture of mosques and Islamic centers in Non-Muslim context"
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418:
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797:, who had saved the lives of a hundred Jews, including the singer
637:(North African Star) and criticized the "mosque publicity stunt."
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Aerial View and Multimedia Resources of the Grand Mosque of Paris
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justified the construction of the Paris Mosque in the newspaper
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The minaret of the Great Mosque with its crenellated balustrade.
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1774:"1935 – 2005. L'hôpital Avicenne: une histoire sans frontières"
893:. The opening has been condemned by the Grand Mosque of Paris.
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1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State
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A French Prefectorial decree of 29 November 1856 permitted the
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1687:"Journal officiel de la République française. Lois et décrets"
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Association des filles et des fils de déportés juifs de France
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Buildings and structures in the 5th arrondissement of Paris
2038:"Si Kaddour Benghabrit, un juste qui mérite reconnaissance"
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2456:"La Grande mosquée de Paris future propriété de l'Algérie"
1658:, Presses universitaires du Septentrion, pp. 67–86,
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important feature of its original conception in 1922–26.
2006:"Une résistance oubliée… la mosquée de Paris 1940-1944"
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The Patio and the Andalusian Garden with jets of water.
434:" and to continue "its role within Muslim Arab power."
2215:"La piste des universités pour mieux former les imams"
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Renata Holod; Hasan-Uddin Khan; Kimberly Mims (1997).
2011:
International League against Racism and Anti-Semitism
1973:"How a Paris Mosque Sheltered Jews in the Holocaust"
1836:"1926, l'inauguration de la Grande Mosquée de Paris"
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Annexes of a restaurant, tea room, hammam, and shops
2481:"Coronavirus: the Grand Mosque of Paris shuts down"
1954:"Les FTP algériens et le sauvetage d'enfants juifs"
308:followed by a revival of similar intentions at the
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813:Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France
2386:Laurence, Jonathan; Vaïsse, Justin (2007-02-01).
962:
446:In May and June 1915, I began conferring with an
4390:
1781:Musée de l’Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris
793:to the descendants of the rector of the Mosque,
2060:
509:In 1881, the French government established the
2385:
2102:
495:, C. Farrère, and Queen Elizabeth of Belgium.
479:, president of the Council which approved it.
2702:
2564:
1927:"La Mosquée de Paris, une résistance oubliée"
1902:"Mosquée de Paris et Institut musulman - POP"
1807:
1739:
523:
341:within the boundaries of the Cemetery of the
111:
3048:Musée de Cluny – Musée national du Moyen Âge
1801:
1405:
365:
2297:"Hanane Karimi : la mosquée pour tous"
1951:
1919:
1597:. Impr. Laballery. Paris: Ed. l'Harmattan.
3128:Armenian Cathedral of St. John the Baptist
2709:
2695:
2571:
2557:
487:, who was the Director of Fine Arts under
47:
2046:(in French). May 16, 2005. Archived from
1877:
382:and the Prince d’Arenberg. An article in
302:
2421:
2271:"Guerre des sexes à la mosquée de Paris"
1970:
585:
527:
320:
4129:Suresnes American Cemetery and Memorial
2394:. Brookings Institution Press. p.
2254:
2054:
2003:
1814:. Oxford University Press. p. 86.
1592:
1536:
1011:as well as by several bus lines of the
785:, the number was closer to 500 people.
710:covering an area of 3,500 square meters
345:, but it had been destroyed during the
14:
4391:
2257:"Gay-friendly 'mosque' opens in Paris"
2235:
2115:. Film Movement Canada. Archived from
1859:
442:As Bourdarie confided in his journal:
27:Mosque in Paris, Île-de-France, France
3038:Musée national des Monuments Français
2958:Musée d'Art et d'Histoire du Judaïsme
2690:
2578:
2552:
2183:
2181:
2179:
4368:List of tourist attractions in Paris
3043:Muséum national d'histoire naturelle
2716:
1653:
1624:
1622:
1489:
1432:
1430:
1428:
1387:List of tourist attractions in Paris
2933:Cité des Sciences et de l'Industrie
2255:Banerji, Robin (30 November 2012).
1952:Bouzeghrane, Nadjia (16 May 2005).
1712:"Historique de la Mosquée de Paris"
817:Association des Bâtisseuses de Paix
779:Association des Bâtisseuses de Paix
724:
317:The First "Mosque" at Père-Lachaise
24:
2424:"A Muslim in the Middle in France"
2176:
498:
491:from 1912 onwards and a friend of
25:
4435:
4124:Mémorial de la France combattante
3839:Parc de la Butte-du-Chapeau-Rouge
2938:Galerie nationale du Jeu de Paume
2527:
1619:
1425:
941:prominent social justice figure.
851:
469:Annales politiques et littéraires
4043:Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye
2652:
2592:
2505:"Paris Mosque to Reopen Tuesday"
2238:Au Cœur de l'Histoire Sur Europe
1361:
1347:
1328:
1319:
1307:
1295:
1279:
1267:
1255:
1243:
1231:
1219:
1207:
1192:
1183:
1163:
1154:
1145:
1133:
1121:
1109:
1097:
1085:
1073:
1061:
1049:
1037:
110:
103:
3028:Musée national Eugène Delacroix
2509:International Quran News Agency
2497:
2473:
2448:
2422:Sciolino, Elaine (2003-04-21).
2415:
2379:
2355:
2329:
2315:
2289:
2263:
2248:
2229:
2207:
2151:
2126:
2085:
2030:
1997:
1971:Sciolino, Elaine (2011-10-03).
1964:
1945:
1931:Bibliothèque municipale de Lyon
1894:
1853:
1828:
1766:
1704:
1679:
1664:10.4000/books.septentrion.15829
1647:
1630:"Quand l'Europe aimait l'Islam"
1408:"Mosquées et laïcité en France"
1377:Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes
944:
874:and Muslim chaplains. In 1994,
783:French Ministry of the Interior
651:
581:
505:Mosque of the Bois de Vincennes
3547:Place des Émeutes-de-Stonewall
2534:Official website of the mosque
2410:Dr. Dalil Boubakeur interview.
2163:etudescoloniales.canalblog.com
2004:Berkani, Derri (9 July 2009).
1866:Alexandria Engineering Journal
1586:
1577:
1530:
1496:The Journal of African History
1483:
1463:
1454:
1399:
970:French Minister of Agriculture
963:Halal control and traceability
633:held the first meeting of the
13:
1:
4414:1926 establishments in France
4171:Sèvres – Cité de la céramique
4141:Musée de l'air et de l'espace
3083:Palais de la Légion d'Honneur
3033:Musée national Gustave Moreau
2639:Uthman Mosque of Villeurbanne
2066:"The Holocaust's Arab Heroes"
1543:The Yale Journal of Criticism
1392:
1214:Interior garden and fountain.
913:Institut des cultures d'Islam
903:During the administration of
822:The Franco-Moroccan director
648:, which is still used today.
439:government to listen to him.
4199:Bastille Day military parade
3697:Rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré
3163:Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle
3088:Musée de la Légion d'honneur
3023:Musée National d'Art Moderne
2963:Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris
2739:Arc de Triomphe du Carrousel
999:The mosque is accessed from
896:In December 2013, the group
623:Western Front in World War I
7:
3218:Saint-Gervais-Saint-Protais
2189:"The Great Mosque of Paris"
1860:Farrag, Engy (2017-12-01).
1406:La-Croix.com (2009-11-30).
1340:
1018:
736:Francs-Tireurs et Partisans
251:www.grandemosqueedeparis.fr
53:The Paris Mosque, with its
10:
4440:
3915:Porte de La Chapelle Arena
3238:Saint-Pierre de Montmartre
3113:Alexander Nevsky Cathedral
3095:Musée de la Vie romantique
2624:Great Mosque of Strasbourg
2367:Public Radio International
2217:(in French). 17 March 2017
2110:"Press kit about Free Men"
1537:Bayoumi, Moustafa (2000).
1286:The minaret seen from the
1030:
975:
898:Les Femmes dans la Mosquée
826:made a 2011 film entitled
562:Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital
524:Construction and financing
502:
485:Maurice Tranchant de Lunel
297:
282:and is one of the largest
178:Maurice Tranchant de Lunel
4419:Mosques completed in 1926
4360:
4247:
4189:
4003:
3958:
3930:Stade Pierre de Coubertin
3877:
3780:
3425:Boulevard de la Madeleine
3398:
3286:
3213:Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois
3103:
2953:Musée des Arts et Métiers
2948:Musée des Arts décoratifs
2897:
2724:
2661:
2650:
2599:
2590:
2091:Assmaâ Rakho Mom, «
1879:10.1016/j.aej.2017.08.001
1593:Barbier, Maurice (1995).
1508:10.1017/S0021853709990090
366:1895 and 1915–16 projects
249:
244:
236:
225:
220:
212:
204:
191:
183:
171:
166:
127:
98:
84:
79:
67:
62:
46:
39:
32:
4146:Musée Fragonard d'Alfort
4107:Walt Disney Studios Park
4028:Château de Fontainebleau
3940:Stade Sébastien Charléty
3895:Halle Georges Carpentier
3869:Coulée verte René-Dumont
3844:Parc des Buttes Chaumont
3687:Rue des Francs-Bourgeois
3228:Saint-Jean de Montmartre
3173:Notre-Dame-des-Victoires
2978:Musée de la Cinémathèque
2943:Louis Vuitton Foundation
2644:Great Mosque of Toulouse
2634:Sunna Mosque of Besançon
1752:. Rizzoli. p. 228.
1476:1324 (12 January 1896),
1288:rue du Puits-de-l'Ermite
1170:Détail d'une arche avec
432:Suleiman the Magnificent
4013:Basilica of Saint-Denis
3824:Parc Clichy-Batignolles
3430:Boulevard de Sébastopol
2165:(in French). 2011-10-09
1906:www.pop.culture.gouv.fr
1656:La désobéissance civile
1636:(in French). 2016-05-31
1382:Saint Petersburg Mosque
986:Institut de Monde Arabe
807:, the President of the
268:Grande Mosquée de Paris
41:Grande Mosquée de Paris
4090:Paris La Défense Arena
4038:Château de Rambouillet
3981:Père Lachaise Cemetery
3945:Vélodrome de Vincennes
3795:Jardin d'Acclimatation
3762:Saint-Germain-des-Prés
3542:Place de la République
3233:Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis
3208:Saint-Germain-des-Prés
3003:Musée Jacquemart-André
2918:Bibliothèque nationale
2341:Le Monde des Religions
1808:Mark Sedgwick (2009).
1555:10.1353/yale.2000.0015
1490:Mann, Gregory (2009).
1044:À l'entrée principale.
768:Annie-Paule Derczansky
607:
600:Abdelqader Bin Ghabrit
564:) and adjacent to the
533:
481:
423:
326:
303:Genesis of the project
267:
129:Geographic coordinates
4352:World Heritage Centre
4342:Paris Zoological Park
4057:Gardens of Versailles
3971:Montparnasse Cemetery
3849:Parc Georges-Brassens
3652:Rue de la Ferronnerie
3253:Saint-Vincent-de-Paul
3203:Saint-François-Xavier
3193:Saint-Étienne-du-Mont
3168:Notre-Dame-de-Lorette
3148:Synagogue de Nazareth
3013:Musée Marmottan Monet
2998:Maison de Victor Hugo
2855:Philharmonie de Paris
2604:Grand Mosque of Paris
2122:on February 21, 2014.
968:December 1994 of the
891:Ludovic-Mohamed Zahed
795:Si Kaddour Benghabrit
743:, a tributary of the
644:donated the mosque's
635:Etoile nord-africaine
589:
531:
444:
405:
324:
272:Great Mosque of Paris
270:), also known as the
260:Grand Mosque of Paris
35:Grand Mosque of Paris
4325:Montmartre Funicular
4305:Moulin de la Galette
4075:Château de Vincennes
4033:Château de Malmaison
4023:Château de Chantilly
3950:Vincennes Hippodrome
3900:Longchamp Hippodrome
3814:Jardin du Luxembourg
3552:Place des États-Unis
3532:Place de la Concorde
3527:Place de la Bastille
3073:Musée du Quai Branly
3053:Musée de l'Orangerie
2614:Great Mosque of Évry
2609:Great Mosque of Lyon
2485:www.sortiraparis.com
1719:mosquee-de-paris.org
870:for the training of
811:(Association of the
731:occupation of France
672:was inspired by the
658:el-Qaraouyyîn Mosque
408:foundation in 1906,
278:, is located in the
151:48.84194°N 2.35500°E
4156:Parc de Saint-Cloud
3966:Montmartre Cemetery
3935:Stade Roland Garros
3772:Viaduc d'Austerlitz
3662:Rue de la Sourdière
3562:Place des Victoires
3557:Place des Pyramides
3287:Hôtels particuliers
3158:Notre-Dame de Paris
3133:Chapelle expiatoire
3105:Religious buildings
3018:Musée de Montmartre
2071:The Washington Post
2064:(October 8, 2006).
1068:Entrance to garden.
777:, President of the
292:Metropolitan France
147: /
4285:Fountains in Paris
4270:Café des 2 Moulins
4224:Paris Fashion Week
4209:Fête de la Musique
4191:Culture and events
4119:Fort Mont-Valérien
3987:Oscar Wilde's tomb
3890:Auteuil Hippodrome
3829:Parc de Belleville
3819:Parc André-Citroën
3667:Rue de Montmorency
3607:Pont de Bir-Hakeim
3597:Pont Alexandre III
3587:Place Saint-Michel
3572:Place du Carrousel
3537:Place de la Nation
3460:Galerie Véro-Dodat
3440:Canal Saint-Martin
3223:Tour Saint-Jacques
3118:American Cathedral
2879:Porte Saint-Martin
2808:Institut de France
2676:Mosques by country
2428:The New York Times
2018:on 2 February 2010
1977:The New York Times
1526:– via JSTOR.
1015:(47, 67, and 89).
1003:from the stations
1001:Paris Métro Line 7
982:Jardin des Plantes
819:to be "positive."
608:
566:Jardin des plantes
534:
372:Théophile Delcassé
360:Jardin des Plantes
327:
280:5th arrondissement
119:Shown within Paris
4386:
4385:
4347:Pyramide inversée
4048:Château de Sceaux
4005:Région parisienne
3802:Bois de Vincennes
3782:Parks and gardens
3577:Place du Châtelet
3410:Avenue de l'Opéra
3399:Bridges, streets,
3383:Palais de la Cité
3378:Palais de Justice
3361:Luxembourg Palace
3326:Hôtel de Pontalba
3321:Hôtel de la Païva
3301:Hôtel de Beauvais
2983:Musée Cognacq-Jay
2889:Tour Montparnasse
2874:Porte Saint-Denis
2794:Gare Saint-Lazare
2789:Gare Montparnasse
2769:Gare d'Austerlitz
2684:
2683:
2195:. 12 October 2010
2050:on April 6, 2010.
1821:978-0-19-539601-0
1025:COVID-19 pandemic
1009:Censier-Daubenton
828:Les hommes libres
753:Mediterranean Sea
703:A conference room
674:Al-Zaytuna Mosque
604:Muhammad al-Muqri
544:for residents of
456:La Revue indigène
436:La Revue indigène
415:La Revue indigène
410:La Revue indigène
401:La Revue indigène
347:French Revolution
256:
255:
156:48.84194; 2.35500
33:مسجد باريس الكبير
16:(Redirected from
4431:
4399:Mosques in Paris
4234:Republican Guard
4136:France Miniature
4097:Disneyland Paris
4067:, including the
4018:Château d'Écouen
3920:Stade Jean Bouin
3905:Parc des Princes
3864:Tuileries Garden
3790:Bois de Boulogne
3747:Rue Saint-Honoré
3692:Rue des Lombards
3682:Rue de Vaugirard
3672:Rue de Richelieu
3647:Rue d'Argenteuil
3567:Place des Vosges
3475:Galerie Vivienne
3455:Covered passages
3435:Canal de l'Ourcq
3366:Petit Luxembourg
3336:Hôtel de Soubise
3311:Hôtel de Crillon
3306:Hôtel de Charost
3273:Temple du Marais
2968:Maison de Balzac
2866:Flame of Liberty
2744:Arènes de Lutèce
2718:Tourism in Paris
2711:
2704:
2697:
2688:
2687:
2656:
2596:
2573:
2566:
2559:
2550:
2549:
2544:MSNBC's coverage
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2501:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2491:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2468:
2467:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2419:
2413:
2412:
2393:
2383:
2377:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2359:
2353:
2352:
2350:
2348:
2333:
2327:
2326:
2319:
2313:
2312:
2310:
2308:
2293:
2287:
2286:
2284:
2282:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2252:
2246:
2245:
2233:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2211:
2205:
2204:
2202:
2200:
2185:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2155:
2149:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2130:
2124:
2123:
2121:
2114:
2106:
2100:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2078:
2058:
2052:
2051:
2034:
2028:
2027:
2025:
2023:
2014:. Archived from
2001:
1995:
1994:
1992:
1991:
1968:
1962:
1961:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1940:
1938:
1933:. March 23, 2017
1923:
1917:
1916:
1914:
1913:
1898:
1892:
1891:
1881:
1857:
1851:
1850:
1848:
1847:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1805:
1799:
1798:
1796:
1795:
1789:
1783:. Archived from
1778:
1770:
1764:
1763:
1743:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1727:
1721:. Archived from
1716:
1708:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1683:
1677:
1676:
1651:
1645:
1644:
1642:
1641:
1626:
1617:
1616:
1590:
1584:
1581:
1575:
1574:
1534:
1528:
1527:
1487:
1481:
1479:
1475:
1467:
1461:
1458:
1452:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1434:
1423:
1422:
1420:
1419:
1403:
1371:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1352:
1351:
1350:
1332:
1323:
1311:
1299:
1283:
1271:
1259:
1247:
1235:
1223:
1211:
1196:
1187:
1167:
1158:
1149:
1137:
1125:
1113:
1101:
1089:
1077:
1065:
1053:
1041:
921:
905:Bertrand Delanoë
846:Michael Lonsdale
824:Ismaël Ferroukhi
776:
751:or to cross the
725:Second World War
656:Inspired by the
619:Yusef of Morocco
612:Gaston Doumergue
596:Gaston Doumergue
538:Battle of Verdun
358:district of the
162:
161:
159:
158:
157:
152:
148:
145:
144:
143:
140:
114:
113:
107:
51:
30:
29:
21:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4433:
4432:
4430:
4429:
4428:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4356:
4295:Les Deux Magots
4265:Bateaux Mouches
4243:
4185:
4181:Vaux-le-Vicomte
4176:Stade de France
4102:Disneyland Park
3999:
3995:Picpus Cemetery
3954:
3910:Piscine Molitor
3873:
3859:Parc Montsouris
3776:
3757:Rue Sainte-Anne
3752:Rue Saint-Denis
3742:Rue des Rosiers
3737:Rue Pastourelle
3717:Rue Montorgueil
3642:Rue Charlemagne
3582:Place du Tertre
3420:Avenue George V
3402:
3400:
3394:
3316:Hôtel d'Estrées
3288:
3282:
3263:Sainte-Clotilde
3258:Sainte-Chapelle
3143:Grand Synagogue
3123:American Church
3099:
3008:Musée du Louvre
2973:Musée Bourdelle
2928:Centre Pompidou
2901:
2893:
2734:Arc de Triomphe
2720:
2715:
2685:
2680:
2671:Islam in France
2657:
2648:
2629:Ibn Sina Mosque
2597:
2586:
2577:
2530:
2525:
2524:
2514:
2512:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2489:
2487:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2465:
2463:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2440:
2438:
2420:
2416:
2406:
2384:
2380:
2371:
2369:
2361:
2360:
2356:
2346:
2344:
2335:
2334:
2330:
2321:
2320:
2316:
2306:
2304:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2280:
2278:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2253:
2249:
2234:
2230:
2220:
2218:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2198:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2177:
2168:
2166:
2157:
2156:
2152:
2143:
2141:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2119:
2112:
2108:
2107:
2103:
2090:
2086:
2076:
2074:
2062:Satloff, Robert
2059:
2055:
2036:
2035:
2031:
2021:
2019:
2002:
1998:
1989:
1987:
1969:
1965:
1950:
1946:
1936:
1934:
1925:
1924:
1920:
1911:
1909:
1900:
1899:
1895:
1858:
1854:
1845:
1843:
1842:. 3 August 2016
1834:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1806:
1802:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1776:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1760:
1744:
1740:
1731:
1729:
1725:
1714:
1710:
1709:
1705:
1696:
1694:
1685:
1684:
1680:
1674:
1652:
1648:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1620:
1605:
1591:
1587:
1582:
1578:
1535:
1531:
1488:
1484:
1480:3 sur Gallica.
1477:
1473:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1455:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1437:
1435:
1426:
1417:
1415:
1404:
1400:
1395:
1367:
1362:
1360:
1353:
1348:
1346:
1343:
1336:
1333:
1324:
1315:
1312:
1303:
1300:
1291:
1284:
1275:
1274:Interior Court.
1272:
1263:
1260:
1251:
1248:
1239:
1236:
1227:
1224:
1215:
1212:
1203:
1197:
1188:
1179:
1168:
1159:
1150:
1141:
1138:
1129:
1126:
1117:
1114:
1105:
1102:
1093:
1092:Interior Court.
1090:
1081:
1080:Interior Court.
1078:
1069:
1066:
1057:
1054:
1045:
1042:
1033:
1021:
978:
965:
947:
927:Emmanuel Macron
915:
864:Dalil Boubakeur
854:
805:Serge Klarsfeld
770:
727:
654:
642:Fuad I of Egypt
584:
574:style, and its
526:
507:
501:
499:First World War
493:Rudyard Kipling
450:, a student of
395:The journalist
368:
355:First World War
319:
305:
300:
155:
153:
149:
146:
141:
138:
136:
134:
133:
123:
122:
121:
120:
117:
116:
115:
58:
42:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4437:
4427:
4426:
4421:
4416:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4384:
4383:
4381:
4380:
4378:Paris syndrome
4375:
4370:
4364:
4362:
4358:
4357:
4355:
4354:
4349:
4344:
4339:
4337:Paris syndrome
4334:
4329:
4328:
4327:
4322:
4312:
4307:
4302:
4297:
4292:
4287:
4282:
4280:Folies Bergère
4277:
4272:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4255:Axe historique
4251:
4249:
4245:
4244:
4242:
4241:
4236:
4231:
4226:
4221:
4219:Paris Air Show
4216:
4211:
4206:
4204:Dîner en Blanc
4201:
4195:
4193:
4187:
4186:
4184:
4183:
4178:
4173:
4168:
4166:La Roche-Guyon
4163:
4158:
4153:
4148:
4143:
4138:
4133:
4132:
4131:
4126:
4116:
4111:
4110:
4109:
4104:
4094:
4093:
4092:
4087:
4077:
4072:
4069:Fresh pavilion
4050:
4045:
4040:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4009:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3978:
3976:Passy Cemetery
3973:
3968:
3962:
3960:
3956:
3955:
3953:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3925:Stade Pershing
3922:
3917:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3881:
3879:
3875:
3874:
3872:
3871:
3866:
3861:
3856:
3851:
3846:
3841:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3811:
3810:
3809:
3799:
3798:
3797:
3786:
3784:
3778:
3777:
3775:
3774:
3769:
3764:
3759:
3754:
3749:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3729:
3724:
3719:
3714:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3689:
3684:
3679:
3674:
3669:
3664:
3659:
3657:Rue de la Paix
3654:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3624:
3622:Port du Louvre
3619:
3614:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3594:
3589:
3584:
3579:
3574:
3569:
3564:
3559:
3554:
3549:
3544:
3539:
3534:
3529:
3524:
3522:Place Dauphine
3519:
3514:
3509:
3504:
3499:
3494:
3493:
3492:
3487:
3482:
3477:
3472:
3467:
3462:
3452:
3450:Champs-Élysées
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3406:
3404:
3401:areas, squares
3396:
3395:
3393:
3392:
3387:
3386:
3385:
3375:
3373:Palais Bourbon
3370:
3369:
3368:
3358:
3356:Hôtel Matignon
3353:
3348:
3346:Hôtel de Ville
3343:
3341:Hôtel de Sully
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3303:
3298:
3292:
3290:
3284:
3283:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3268:Sainte-Trinité
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3230:
3225:
3220:
3215:
3210:
3205:
3200:
3198:Saint-Eustache
3195:
3190:
3188:Saint-Augustin
3185:
3183:Saint Ambroise
3180:
3175:
3170:
3165:
3160:
3155:
3150:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3125:
3120:
3115:
3109:
3107:
3101:
3100:
3098:
3097:
3092:
3091:
3090:
3080:
3075:
3070:
3065:
3060:
3055:
3050:
3045:
3040:
3035:
3030:
3025:
3020:
3015:
3010:
3005:
3000:
2995:
2990:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2965:
2960:
2955:
2950:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2925:
2920:
2915:
2909:
2907:
2895:
2894:
2892:
2891:
2886:
2881:
2876:
2871:
2870:
2869:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2842:
2840:Opéra Bastille
2837:
2832:
2827:
2825:Louvre Pyramid
2822:
2817:
2810:
2805:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2714:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2691:
2682:
2681:
2679:
2678:
2673:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2651:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2641:
2636:
2631:
2626:
2621:
2619:Mosque al-Nour
2616:
2611:
2606:
2600:
2598:
2591:
2588:
2587:
2576:
2575:
2568:
2561:
2553:
2547:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2529:
2528:External links
2526:
2523:
2522:
2511:. May 30, 2020
2496:
2472:
2447:
2414:
2404:
2378:
2354:
2328:
2314:
2288:
2262:
2247:
2228:
2206:
2175:
2150:
2125:
2101:
2099:, 8 June 2008.
2097:SaphirNews.com
2084:
2053:
2029:
1996:
1963:
1944:
1918:
1893:
1872:(4): 613–620.
1852:
1827:
1820:
1800:
1765:
1759:978-0847820436
1758:
1738:
1703:
1678:
1672:
1646:
1618:
1603:
1585:
1576:
1549:(2): 267–292.
1529:
1482:
1462:
1453:
1424:
1397:
1396:
1394:
1391:
1390:
1389:
1384:
1379:
1373:
1372:
1358:
1342:
1339:
1338:
1337:
1334:
1327:
1325:
1318:
1316:
1313:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1294:
1292:
1285:
1278:
1276:
1273:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1254:
1252:
1249:
1242:
1240:
1238:Moorish decor.
1237:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1206:
1204:
1198:
1191:
1189:
1182:
1180:
1169:
1162:
1160:
1153:
1151:
1144:
1142:
1140:Rue Daubenton.
1139:
1132:
1130:
1128:Rue Daubenton.
1127:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1096:
1094:
1091:
1084:
1082:
1079:
1072:
1070:
1067:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1036:
1032:
1029:
1020:
1017:
977:
974:
964:
961:
952:Gaston Deferre
946:
943:
876:Charles Pasqua
853:
852:Modern history
850:
726:
723:
715:
714:
711:
704:
701:
698:
691:
653:
650:
640:In 1929, King
627:Ahmad al-Alawi
583:
580:
578:is 33 m high.
525:
522:
500:
497:
489:Hubert Lyautey
397:Paul Bourdarie
367:
364:
318:
315:
304:
301:
299:
296:
274:or simply the
254:
253:
247:
246:
242:
241:
238:
237:Minaret height
234:
233:
230:
223:
222:
221:Specifications
218:
217:
214:
210:
209:
206:
205:Groundbreaking
202:
201:
195:
189:
188:
185:
181:
180:
175:
169:
168:
164:
163:
131:
125:
124:
118:
109:
108:
102:
101:
100:
99:
96:
95:
86:
82:
81:
77:
76:
71:
65:
64:
60:
59:
52:
44:
43:
40:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4436:
4425:
4424:Grand mosques
4422:
4420:
4417:
4415:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4400:
4397:
4396:
4394:
4379:
4376:
4374:
4371:
4369:
4366:
4365:
4363:
4359:
4353:
4350:
4348:
4345:
4343:
4340:
4338:
4335:
4333:
4330:
4326:
4323:
4321:
4318:
4317:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4306:
4303:
4301:
4298:
4296:
4293:
4291:
4288:
4286:
4283:
4281:
4278:
4276:
4273:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4260:Bateau-Lavoir
4258:
4256:
4253:
4252:
4250:
4246:
4240:
4237:
4235:
4232:
4230:
4227:
4225:
4222:
4220:
4217:
4215:
4212:
4210:
4207:
4205:
4202:
4200:
4197:
4196:
4194:
4192:
4188:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4154:
4152:
4149:
4147:
4144:
4142:
4139:
4137:
4134:
4130:
4127:
4125:
4122:
4121:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4099:
4098:
4095:
4091:
4088:
4086:
4083:
4082:
4081:
4078:
4076:
4073:
4070:
4066:
4065:Petit Trianon
4062:
4061:Grand Trianon
4058:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4044:
4041:
4039:
4036:
4034:
4031:
4029:
4026:
4024:
4021:
4019:
4016:
4014:
4011:
4010:
4008:
4006:
4002:
3996:
3993:
3989:
3988:
3984:
3983:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3972:
3969:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3961:
3957:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3901:
3898:
3896:
3893:
3891:
3888:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3880:
3876:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3860:
3857:
3855:
3852:
3850:
3847:
3845:
3842:
3840:
3837:
3835:
3834:Parc de Bercy
3832:
3830:
3827:
3825:
3822:
3820:
3817:
3815:
3812:
3808:
3805:
3804:
3803:
3800:
3796:
3793:
3792:
3791:
3788:
3787:
3785:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3770:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3758:
3755:
3753:
3750:
3748:
3745:
3743:
3740:
3738:
3735:
3733:
3732:Rue Mondétour
3730:
3728:
3727:Rue Rambuteau
3725:
3723:
3722:Rue Radziwill
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3693:
3690:
3688:
3685:
3683:
3680:
3678:
3677:Rue de Rivoli
3675:
3673:
3670:
3668:
3665:
3663:
3660:
3658:
3655:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3637:Rue Bonaparte
3635:
3633:
3630:
3628:
3625:
3623:
3620:
3618:
3615:
3613:
3612:Pont des Arts
3610:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3593:
3592:Place Vendôme
3590:
3588:
3585:
3583:
3580:
3578:
3575:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3563:
3560:
3558:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3548:
3545:
3543:
3540:
3538:
3535:
3533:
3530:
3528:
3525:
3523:
3520:
3518:
3515:
3513:
3510:
3508:
3505:
3503:
3500:
3498:
3497:Latin Quarter
3495:
3491:
3488:
3486:
3483:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3466:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3457:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3445:Champ de Mars
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3407:
3405:
3403:and waterways
3397:
3391:
3388:
3384:
3381:
3380:
3379:
3376:
3374:
3371:
3367:
3364:
3363:
3362:
3359:
3357:
3354:
3352:
3351:Hôtel Lambert
3349:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3331:Hôtel de Sens
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3309:
3307:
3304:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Élysée Palace
3294:
3293:
3291:
3285:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3271:
3269:
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3251:
3249:
3248:Saint-Sulpice
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3231:
3229:
3226:
3224:
3221:
3219:
3216:
3214:
3211:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3181:
3179:
3176:
3174:
3171:
3169:
3166:
3164:
3161:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3149:
3146:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3110:
3108:
3106:
3102:
3096:
3093:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3081:
3079:
3076:
3074:
3071:
3069:
3068:Musée Picasso
3066:
3064:
3063:Musée Pasteur
3061:
3059:
3058:Musée d'Orsay
3056:
3054:
3051:
3049:
3046:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3014:
3011:
3009:
3006:
3004:
3001:
2999:
2996:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2986:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2964:
2961:
2959:
2956:
2954:
2951:
2949:
2946:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2929:
2926:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2910:
2908:
2905:
2900:
2896:
2890:
2887:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2877:
2875:
2872:
2868:
2867:
2863:
2862:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2845:Opéra Garnier
2843:
2841:
2838:
2836:
2833:
2831:
2830:Luxor Obelisk
2828:
2826:
2823:
2821:
2820:Les Invalides
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2797:
2795:
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2774:Gare de l'Est
2772:
2770:
2767:
2765:
2762:
2760:
2757:
2755:
2752:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2740:
2737:
2735:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2727:
2723:
2719:
2712:
2707:
2705:
2700:
2698:
2693:
2692:
2689:
2677:
2674:
2672:
2669:
2667:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2655:
2645:
2642:
2640:
2637:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2625:
2622:
2620:
2617:
2615:
2612:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2601:
2595:
2589:
2585:
2581:
2574:
2569:
2567:
2562:
2560:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2532:
2531:
2510:
2506:
2500:
2486:
2482:
2476:
2461:
2457:
2451:
2437:
2433:
2429:
2425:
2418:
2411:
2407:
2405:9780815751526
2401:
2397:
2392:
2391:
2382:
2368:
2364:
2358:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2325:. 2015-11-04.
2324:
2318:
2302:
2298:
2292:
2276:
2272:
2266:
2258:
2251:
2243:
2239:
2232:
2216:
2210:
2194:
2190:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2139:
2135:
2129:
2118:
2111:
2105:
2098:
2094:
2088:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2063:
2057:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2039:
2033:
2017:
2013:
2012:
2007:
2000:
1986:
1982:
1978:
1974:
1967:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1932:
1929:(in French).
1928:
1922:
1907:
1903:
1897:
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3602:Pont d'Iéna
3517:Place Diana
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3289:and palaces
3078:Musée Rodin
2913:Army Museum
2860:Place Diana
2515:December 6,
2343:(in French)
2303:(in French)
2301:Les Inrocks
2259:. BBC News.
2199:14 December
2193:Islami City
2140:(in French)
1908:(in French)
1414:(in French)
1262:Restaurant.
1250:Restaurant.
1005:Place Monge
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842:Tahar Rahim
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463:, mayor of
154: /
69:Affiliation
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3959:Cemeteries
3507:Montmartre
3243:Saint-Roch
3178:Sacré-Cœur
2923:Carnavalet
2490:2021-12-06
2466:2019-05-05
2441:2019-11-08
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1697:2019-05-05
1640:2019-05-05
1604:2738430635
1595:La laïcité
1418:2018-12-14
1393:References
791:Yad Vashem
503:See also:
139:48°50′31″N
4320:entrances
3767:Trocadéro
3632:Rue Basse
3617:Pont Neuf
3502:Le Marais
3470:Panoramas
2754:Catacombs
2726:Landmarks
2436:0362-4331
2095: »,
1985:0362-4331
1888:1110-0168
1613:464292394
1571:162364577
1563:1080-6636
1524:146745985
1470:La Presse
1172:entrelacs
749:Free Zone
700:A library
512:indigénat
461:É Herriot
448:architect
428:Francis I
385:La Presse
380:Bonaparte
339:Marseille
213:Completed
142:2°21′18″E
4290:La Ruche
4239:Solidays
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2850:Panthéon
2666:Category
2134:"Rue 89"
2043:El Watan
1958:El Watan
1634:Slate.fr
1516:25622051
1451:573–582.
1440:partie,
1412:La Croix
1341:See also
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1176:rinceaux
1019:COVID-19
984:and the
868:seminary
697:(school)
666:zelliges
419:Napoléon
310:Moroccan
85:Location
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840:, with
757:Maghreb
755:to the
708:gardens
695:Madrasa
678:Tunisia
670:minaret
590:Sultan
576:minaret
571:Moorish
517:Algeria
452:Girault
331:Ottoman
298:History
284:mosques
245:Website
227:Minaret
198:Moorish
55:minaret
2749:Bourse
2584:France
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2281:5 May
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2138:L'Obs
2120:(PDF)
2113:(PDF)
2022:5 May
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1777:(PDF)
1726:(PDF)
1715:(PDF)
1567:S2CID
1520:S2CID
1512:JSTOR
1442:chap.
920:]
880:halal
872:imams
860:mufti
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745:Seine
706:Arab
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550:Hejaz
542:Mecca
343:Turks
200:style
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