6667:"In the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, and more specifically between the west and north Atlantic coasts and an imaginary line running north-south and linking Oviedo and Merida, there is a corpus of Latin inscriptions with particular characteristics of its own. This corpus contains some linguistic features that are clearly Celtic and others that in our opinion are not Celtic. The former we shall group, for the moment, under the label northwestern Hispano-Celtic. The latter are the same features found in well-documented contemporary inscriptions in the region occupied by the Lusitanians, and therefore belonging to the variety known as LUSITANIAN, or more broadly as GALLO-LUSITANIAN. As we have already said, we do not consider this variety to belong to the Celtic language family." JordĂĄn Colera 2007: p.750
11034:
2934:
2912:
3208:, arguing that the differences between the Goidelic and Brittonic languages arose after these split off from the Continental Celtic languages. Other scholars (such as Schmidt 1988) make the primary distinction between P-Celtic and Q-Celtic languages based on the replacement of initial Q by initial P in some words. Most of the Gallic and Brittonic languages are P-Celtic, while the Goidelic and Hispano-Celtic (or Celtiberian) languages are Q-Celtic. The P-Celtic languages (also called
6072:
316:
3030:
9284:
2923:
6064:
3442:. It seems likely that Celtiberian split off before Cisalpine Celtic, but the evidence for this is not robust. On the other hand, the unity of Gaulish, Goidelic, and Brittonic is reasonably secure. Schumacher (2004, p. 86) had already cautiously considered this grouping to be likely genetic, based, among others, on the shared reformation of the sentence-initial, fully inflecting relative pronoun
6195:
3542:
Eska considers a division of
TransalpineâGoidelicâBrittonic into Transalpine and Insular Celtic to be most probable because of the greater number of innovations in Insular Celtic than in P-Celtic, and because the Insular Celtic languages were probably not in great enough contact for those innovations
3243:
There are legitimate scholarly arguments for both the
Insular Celtic hypothesis and the P-/Q-Celtic hypothesis. Proponents of each schema dispute the accuracy and usefulness of the other's categories. However, since the 1970s the division into Insular and Continental Celtic has become the more widely
3227:
The distinction of Celtic into these four sub-families most likely occurred about 900 BC according to Gray and
Atkinson but, because of estimation uncertainty, it could be any time between 1200 and 800 BC. However, they only considered Gaelic and Brythonic. The controversial paper by Forster and Toth
3223:
In the P/Q classification schema, the first language to split off from Proto-Celtic was Gaelic. It has characteristics that some scholars see as archaic, but others see as also being in the
Brittonic languages (see Schmidt). In the Insular/Continental classification schema, the split of the former
3271:
The interpretation of this and further evidence is still quite contested, and the main argument for
Insular Celtic is connected with the development of verbal morphology and the syntax in Irish and British Celtic, which Schumacher regards as convincing, while he considers the P-Celtic/Q-Celtic
246:
3244:
held view (Cowgill 1975; McCone 1991, 1992; Schrijver 1995), but in the middle of the 1980s, the P-/Q-Celtic theory found new supporters (Lambert 1994), because of the inscription on the Larzac piece of lead (1983), the analysis of which reveals another common phonetical innovation
6191:
2392:
movements in the 2000s led to the reemergence of native speakers for both languages following their adoption by adults and children. By the 21st century, there were roughly one million total speakers of Celtic languages, increasing to 1.4 million speakers by 2010.
5283:
in 1707) or shared a common linguistic ancestor with
Lusitanian. Secondary evidence for this hypothesis has been found in research by biological scientists, who have identified (1) deep-rooted similarities in human DNA found precisely in both the former
5278:
with
Tartessian and Gallaecian. This is tied to a theory of an Iberian origin for the Celtic languages. It is also possible that the Q-Celtic languages alone, including Goidelic, originated in western Iberia (a theory that was first put forward by
6065:"2006 Census of Canada: Topic based tabulations: Various Languages Spoken (147), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census â 20% Sample Data"
5954:
6500:
5250:. Xavier Delamarre argues that Ligurian was a Celtic language similar to Gaulish. The Ligurian-Celtic question is also discussed by Barruol (1999). Ancient Ligurian is listed as either Celtic (epigraphic), or Para-Celtic (onomastic).
3272:
division unimportant and treats Gallo-Brittonic as an outdated theory. Stifter affirms that the Gallo-Brittonic view is "out of favour" in the scholarly community as of 2008 and the
Insular Celtic hypothesis "widely accepted".
3199:
Scholarly handling of Celtic languages has been contentious owing to scarceness of primary source data. Some scholars (such as
Cowgill 1975; McCone 1991, 1992; and Schrijver 1995) posit that the primary distinction is between
4011:
that made their way into all the daughter languages. There is often a closer match between Welsh, Breton and
Cornish on the one hand and Irish, Scottish Gaelic and Manx on the other. For a fuller list of comparisons, see the
3219:
The Breton language is Brittonic, not Gaulish, though there may be some input from the latter, having been introduced from Southwestern regions of Britain in the post-Roman era and having evolved into Breton.
6095:
5914:
5157:
Tha gach uile dhuine air a bhreith saor agus co-ionnan ann an urram 's ann an cĂČirichean. Tha iad air am breith le reusan is le cogais agus mar sin bu chĂČir dhaibh a bhith beĂČ nam measg fhĂšin ann an spiorad
5997:
5270:). Known from only five inscriptions and various place names. It is an Indo-European language and some scholars have proposed that it may be a para-Celtic language that evolved alongside Celtic or formed a
3212:) are sometimes seen (for example by Koch 1992) as a central innovating area as opposed to the more conservative peripheral Q-Celtic languages. According to Ranko Matasovic in the introduction to his 2009
5139:
SaolaĂtear gach duine den chine daonna saor agus comhionann i ndĂnit agus i gcearta. TĂĄ bua an rĂ©asĂșin agus an choinsiasa acu agus ba cheart dĂłibh gnĂomhĂș i dtreo a chĂ©ile i spiorad an bhrĂĄithreachais.
6337:
5951:
5538:
3275:
When referring only to the modern Celtic languages, since no Continental Celtic language has living descendants, "Q-Celtic" is equivalent to "Goidelic" and "P-Celtic" is equivalent to "Brittonic".
3228:
included Gaulish and put the break-up much earlier at 3200 BC ± 1500 years. They support the Insular Celtic hypothesis. The early Celts were commonly associated with the archaeological
3880:
The order is verbâsubjectâobject (VSO) in the second half. Compare this to English or French (and possibly Continental Celtic) which are normally subjectâverbâobject in word order.
5296:" of animals and plants unique to western Iberia and Ireland. Both phenomena are now generally thought to have resulted from human emigration from Iberia to Ireland, in the late
2270:, since Breton, the only living Celtic language spoken in continental Europe, is descended from the language of settlers from Britain. There are a number of extinct but attested
10485:
6450:
5148:
Ta dagh ooilley pheiagh ruggit seyr as corrym ayns ard-cheim as kiartyn. Ren Jee feoiltaghey resoon as cooinsheanse orroo as by chair daue ymmyrkey ry cheilley myr braaraghyn.
6359:
5856:
6241:
5129:
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
5185:
Genir pawb yn rhydd ac yn gydradd Ăą'i gilydd mewn urddas a hawliau. Fe'u cynysgaeddir Ăą rheswm a chydwybod, a dylai pawb ymddwyn y naill at y llall mewn ysbryd cymodlon.
9244:
5176:
Genys frank ha par yw oll tus an bys yn aga dynita hag yn aga gwiryow. Enduys yns gans reson ha kowses hag y tal dhedha omdhon an eyl orth y gila yn spyrys a vrederedh.
6032:"Table 1. Detailed Languages Spoken at Home and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over for the United States: 2006â2008 Release Date: April 2010"
6099:
5926:
3641:(modern Insular Celtic only; Old Irish and the Continental languages had three genders, although Gaulish may have merged the neuter and masculine in its later forms)
5167:
Dieub ha par en o dellezegezh hag o gwirioĂč eo ganet an holl dud. Poell ha skiant zo dezho ha dleout a reont bevañ an eil gant egile en ur spered a genvreudeuriezh.
6009:
5598:
6407:
5819:
3613:
in 1966. Irrespectively, some scholars such as Ringe, Warnow and Taylor and many others have argued in favour of an Italo-Celtic grouping in 21st century theses.
7061:
6588:
3807:
use of singulars or special forms of counted nouns, and use of a singulative suffix to make singular forms from plurals, where older singulars have disappeared
6042:
6333:
6787:
3216: : "Celtiberian...is almost certainly an independent branch on the Celtic genealogical tree, one that became separated from the others very early."
6813:
3264:"names"), that is less accidental than only one. The discovery of a third common innovation would allow the specialists to come to the conclusion of a
5971:
11067:
7650:
7751:
6126:
17:
5705:
3168:. Before the arrival of Scotti on the Isle of Man in the 9th century, there may have been a Brittonic language there. The theory of a Brittonic
6738:
6705:
2101:
2255:. The Cornish and Manx languages became extinct in modern times but have been revived. Each now has several hundred second-language speakers.
7795:
6214:
5552:
2065:
8042:
Rekonstruktion und relative Chronologie: Akten Der VIII. Fachtagung Der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, Leiden, 31 August â 4 September 1987
6907:
Rexova, K.; Frynta, D; Zrzavy, J. (2003). "Cladistic analysis of languages: Indo-European classification based on lexicostatistical data".
6174:
1263:
8331:
6302:
6147:
5624:
7257:
6440:
10970:
8942:
8913:
5658:
3037:. The third plaque is the longest text discovered in any ancient Celtic language. However, this plaque is inscribed in Latin script.
7670:
6367:
7443:
6476:
6389:
6289:
5852:
10990:
10980:
6237:
5522:
5348:. Documented by a limited number of short inscriptions (found through Northern Italy and Western Austria) in two variants of the
3665:
an interplay between the subjunctive, future, imperfect, and habitual, to the point that some tenses and moods have ousted others
5886:
11010:
10995:
10985:
7636:
The inscription of Cabeço das Fråguas revisited. Lusitanian and AlteuropÀisch populations in the West of the Iberian Peninsula
7175:
11060:
11000:
9389:
7805:
7734:
7381:
7211:
6836:
5689:
2072:
2044:
7622:
6826:
7509:"The longue durée of genetic ancestry: multiple genetic marker systems and Celtic origins on the Atlantic facade of Europe"
3082:. Modern provinces: Segovia, Burgos, Soria, Guadalajara, Cuenca, Zaragoza and Teruel. The relationship of Celtiberian with
2381:
923:
5496:
11005:
7328:
2029:
7305:
Markey, Thomas (2008). "Shared Symbolics, Genre Diffusion, Token Perception and Late Literacy in North-Western Europe".
5602:
6414:
5826:
5238:, on the Northern Mediterranean Coast straddling the southeast French and northwest Italian coasts, including parts of
2340:
lists six living Celtic languages, of which four have retained a substantial number of native speakers. These are: the
2094:
2051:
982:
5405:
4013:
10468:
10281:
8147:
8128:
8106:
8068:
8049:
8020:
7998:
7871:
7864:
Flexion und Wortbildung: Akten der V. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, Regensburg, 9.â14. September 1973
7837:
7797:
Tartessian 2: The Inscription of Mesas do Castelinho ro and the Verbal Complex. Preliminaries to Historical Phonology
7709:
7680:
7616:
7409:
7094:
7052:
6814:
https://archive.org/stream/EtymologicalDictionaryOfProtoCeltic/Etymological%20Dictionary%20of%20Proto-Celtic_djvu.txt
6655:
6631:
6579:
6529:
5761:
5736:
5579:
5532:
5352:. Its linguistic categorization is not clearly established, and it presents a confusing mixture of what appear to be
5293:
3856:
2150:
315:
3621:
Although there are many differences between the individual Celtic languages, they do show many family resemblances.
11053:
8824:
8479:
7558:"How did pygmy shrews colonize Ireland? Clues from a phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences"
6031:
3092:, also known as Western or Northwestern Hispano-Celtic, anciently spoken in the northwest of the peninsula (modern
2201:
2058:
822:
7283:
6497:
11080:
8875:
7231:
3943:
deg, ugain, deg ar hugain, deugain, hanner cant, trigain, deg a thrigain, pedwar ugain, deg a phedwar ugain, cant
3240:, though the earlier assumption of association between language and culture is now considered to be less strong.
333:
3791:
distinction by function of the two versions of BE verbs traditionally labelled substantive (or existential) and
2286:. Beyond that there is no agreement on the subdivisions of the Celtic language family. They may be divided into
8324:
8087:
7852:
7119:
7035:
7010:
1914:
1689:
1093:
6779:
10451:
2087:
1659:
928:
865:
666:
552:
11502:
11272:
10724:
8367:
7883:(2000). London; New York: Routledge. 8 vols comprising 15 texts originally published between 1706 and 1844.
7085:
Joseph F. Eska (2010) "The emergence of the Celtic languages". In Martin J. Ball and Nicole MĂŒller (eds.),
5975:
5420:
3300:
3201:
2807:
2271:
1347:
850:
661:
656:
651:
546:
8289:
5853:"Population Aged 3 Years and Over by Province County or City, Sex, Ability to Speak Irish and Census Year"
3989:
3985:
11583:
11530:
9924:
9189:
8676:
8502:
7941:
7647:
6853:
6038:
5376:
and southwest Spain). Tartessian is known by 95 inscriptions, with the longest having 82 readable signs.
5309:
5234:
3723:
use of preverbal particles to signal either subordination or illocutionary force of the following clause
3548:
2615:
2426:
1664:
1159:
860:
739:
725:
706:
6731:"Index of Celtic and Other Elements in W. J. Watson's 'The History of the Celtic Place-names of Scotland
10495:
10370:
9975:
9944:
9329:
8040:
McCone, Kim (1992). "Relative Chronologie: Keltisch". In R. Beekes; A. Lubotsky; J. Weitenberg (eds.).
8008:
7766:
3720:
frequent use of vowel mutation as a morphological device, e.g. formation of plurals, verbal stems, etc.
1002:
960:
560:
11130:
6524:(in German). Innsbruck: Institut fĂŒr Sprachen und Kulturen der UniversitĂ€t Innsbruck. pp. 84â87.
11657:
11590:
11360:
10456:
10291:
9919:
8317:
8221:
6123:
5713:
5305:
3567:
3397:
3265:
3209:
2326:
2287:
1704:
1669:
1342:
646:
10256:
8298:
7162:
6745:
6698:
6413:. Economic Affairs Division, Isle of Man Government Treasury. April 2012. p. 27. Archived from
5791:
11622:
11516:
11303:
11278:
10796:
10230:
10206:
9532:
8713:
8656:
8441:
8400:
7862:(1975). "The origins of the Insular Celtic conjunct and absolute verbal endings". In H. Rix (ed.).
5200:
5152:
3733:
3517:
3460:
3435:
3334:
3205:
2690:
2267:
2231:. All are minority languages in their respective countries, though there are continuing efforts at
1964:
1854:
1674:
1205:
1037:
988:
884:
686:
641:
636:
556:
218:
7811:
6210:
5556:
11560:
11523:
11509:
11308:
11297:
11076:
10507:
10155:
9701:
9420:
9239:
9129:
6263:
6141:
5357:
3848:
3598:
2389:
2232:
2159:
1859:
1586:
696:
691:
681:
325:
98:
7456:
Hill, E. W.; Jobling, M. A.; Bradley, D. G. (2000). "Y chromosome variation and Irish origins".
6171:
3609:
subfamily. This hypothesis fell somewhat out of favour after reexamination by American linguist
11613:
11597:
11373:
11318:
11244:
11190:
10975:
10894:
10857:
9929:
9219:
9214:
8829:
7157:
5313:
3996:
3966:
3554:
language), then it is possible that P-Celtic is a valid clade, and the top branching would be:
1849:
1821:
1605:
1507:
1273:
1119:
743:
581:
473:
412:
367:
307:
299:
7201:
11606:
11553:
11544:
11537:
11249:
11239:
11220:
11214:
10741:
10556:
10301:
10201:
9572:
9415:
9394:
8806:
8355:
5361:
5324:-Lusitanian was in fact one same language (not separate languages) of the "P" Celtic variant.
4000:
3631:
3551:
3366:
3295:
2750:
2310:
2166:
1996:
1825:
733:
729:
714:
710:
123:
7253:
6310:
6143:
5632:
3748:"have" process, with possession conveyed by a composite structure, usually BE + preposition
3278:
How the family tree of the Celtic languages is ordered depends on which hypothesis is used:
11576:
11567:
11332:
10884:
10756:
10490:
10140:
9537:
9460:
9269:
9194:
8407:
8140:
Die keltischen PrimÀrverben. Ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon
7953:
7900:
7465:
7115:
6955:
6865:
6522:
Die keltischen PrimÀrverben. Ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon
3792:
3729:
3468:
3374:
3308:
3067:
2870:
2625:
2275:
1942:
1907:
1220:
903:
855:
792:
762:
720:
700:
564:
418:
135:
5654:
5227:
3169:
1088:
8:
11385:
11342:
11090:
11033:
10771:
10640:
10570:
10551:
10530:
10463:
10286:
10160:
9980:
9965:
9960:
9914:
9889:
9562:
9455:
9440:
9254:
9073:
8868:
8818:
8708:
8701:
8684:
8450:
8414:
8303:
8097:
Schmidt, K.H. (1988). "On the reconstruction of Proto-Celtic". In G. W. MacLennan (ed.).
5368:
5254:
3745:
3581:
3572:
3527:
3508:
3476:
3410:
3382:
3339:
3316:
3133:
3089:
3083:
2863:
2787:
2672:
2566:
2489:
2357:
2263:
2248:
1215:
1210:
1106:
1030:
995:
918:
908:
767:
468:
463:
432:
186:
143:
10170:
7957:
7904:
7469:
6959:
6869:
3105:
2481:
In the Republic of Ireland, 73,803 people use Irish daily outside the education system.
11288:
10937:
10668:
10561:
10525:
10446:
10401:
10296:
10122:
10013:
9970:
9899:
9706:
9481:
9249:
9234:
9229:
9224:
9134:
8991:
8947:
8771:
8607:
8565:
8268:
8226:
7977:
7698:
7582:
7557:
7533:
7508:
7489:
6924:
6920:
6889:
6676:
6472:
6393:
6096:"Welsh language skills by local authority, gender and detailed age groups, 2011 Census"
5915:"Welsh language skills by local authority, gender and detailed age groups, 2011 Census"
3973:
3958:
3785:
3638:
3625:
3562:
3522:
3390:
3344:
3175:
3061:
2845:
2727:
2474:
2341:
2259:
1921:
1872:
1806:
1790:
1415:
1068:
807:
493:
398:
393:
191:
8142:(in German). Innsbruck: Institut fĂŒr Sprachen und Kulturen der UniversitĂ€t Innsbruck.
7923:
7888:
6978:
6943:
3237:
2305:
inscriptions from the 6th century BC in the Alps. Early Continental inscriptions used
236:
11482:
11475:
11468:
11447:
11422:
11417:
11365:
11337:
11168:
10801:
10776:
10766:
10502:
10475:
10356:
10211:
10196:
10191:
10150:
10145:
10050:
9939:
9894:
9884:
9876:
9547:
9501:
9491:
9337:
9164:
9144:
9103:
8423:
8391:
8377:
8272:
8260:
8240:
8230:
8183:
8166:
8143:
8124:
8102:
8083:
8064:
8045:
8016:
7994:
7969:
7942:"Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin"
7928:
7867:
7848:
7833:
7801:
7730:
7705:
7676:
7612:
7587:
7538:
7481:
7405:
7377:
7207:
7123:
7090:
7031:
7006:
6983:
6881:
6854:"Language-tree divergence times support the Anatolian theory of Indo-European origin"
6832:
6686:
6651:
6627:
6525:
6068:
5879:
5757:
5732:
5685:
5575:
5528:
5353:
5349:
5271:
5259:
3673:
3497:
3493:
3447:
3233:
3115:
3093:
3071:
3048:, the oldest attested Celtic language (from the 6th century BC). Anciently spoken in
3045:
2306:
2302:
2298:
2279:
1935:
1901:
1893:
1837:
1831:
1813:
1784:
1763:
1749:
1741:
1511:
1372:
1312:
1294:
1235:
1230:
1225:
1192:
1187:
1016:
879:
528:
521:
514:
500:
486:
446:
425:
362:
354:
256:
159:
151:
6928:
3172:
predating Goidelic speech in Ireland has been suggested, but is not widely accepted.
2933:
2915:
Classification of Celtic languages according to Insular vs. Continental hypothesis.
2571:
562,000 (19.0% of the population of Wales) claim that they "can speak Welsh" (2011)
11400:
11352:
11231:
11199:
11175:
11104:
10830:
10791:
10746:
10733:
10653:
10535:
10480:
10165:
9985:
9904:
9716:
9496:
9435:
9325:
9204:
9199:
9169:
9139:
9093:
9055:
8689:
8664:
8632:
8613:
8574:
8550:
8492:
8468:
8252:
8216:
8206:
8178:
7961:
7918:
7908:
7577:
7569:
7528:
7520:
7493:
7473:
7310:
7167:
6973:
6963:
6916:
6873:
6005:
5922:
5207:
5171:
3602:
3489:
3229:
3165:
3161:
3149:
3034:
3007:
2803:
2775:
2620:
2518:
2373:
2369:
2314:
2224:
2221:
2174:
2121:
1929:
1879:
1696:
1502:
1390:
1330:
1307:
1250:
1245:
1182:
1169:
1164:
1154:
827:
440:
380:
373:
8777:
7142:
6648:
Vascos, Celtas e Indoeuropeos: genes y lenguas. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca
5729:
Linguistic Minorities in Multilingual Settings: Implications for Language Policies
3826:
Do not bother with son the beggar's and not will-bother son the beggar's with-you.
11461:
11433:
11161:
11154:
11147:
11140:
11118:
11111:
11045:
10873:
10811:
10751:
10714:
10686:
10648:
10613:
10593:
10376:
10366:
10351:
10238:
10045:
9909:
9672:
9527:
9486:
9476:
9320:
9259:
9179:
9174:
9159:
9154:
9067:
8732:
8626:
8586:
8487:
8293:
8116:
7981:
7727:
Celtic from the West Chapter 9: Paradigm Shift? Interpreting Tartessian as Celtic
7654:
7606:
7556:
Masheretti, S.; Rogatcheva, M. B.; GĂŒndĂŒz, I.; Fredga, K.; Searle, J. B. (2003).
7105:
6893:
6504:
6178:
6130:
5958:
5820:"cso.ie Central Statistics Office, Census 2011 â This is Ireland â see table 33a"
5430:
5410:
5162:
3610:
3187:
3145:
3097:
3021:
2965:
2899:
2885:
2715:
2660:
2652:
2590:
2380:(Goidelic), died out in modern times with their presumed last native speakers in
2365:
2349:
2213:
2205:
2186:
2162:
2010:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1950:
1886:
1865:
1843:
1428:
1317:
1240:
1149:
1082:
1023:
889:
621:
606:
596:
591:
507:
479:
93:
78:
7889:"Toward a phylogenetic chronology of ancient Gaulish, Celtic, and Indo-European"
6944:"Toward a phylogenetic chronology of ancient Gaulish, Celtic, and Indo-European"
11638:
11493:
11427:
10912:
10902:
10878:
10825:
10781:
10696:
10676:
10658:
10603:
10598:
10566:
10411:
10391:
10216:
10117:
10096:
10091:
9728:
9662:
9657:
9646:
9627:
9621:
9617:
9430:
9425:
9384:
9311:
9297:
9209:
9184:
9149:
9108:
9098:
9034:
9021:
8961:
8905:
8897:
8888:
8861:
8844:
8800:
8753:
8724:
8580:
8517:
8430:
8241:"The early Celtic epigraphic evidence and early literacy in Germanic languages"
8099:
Proceedings of the First North American Congress of Celtic Studies, Ottawa 1986
7859:
7314:
6679:
suggested that there were two Pictish languages, a pre-Indo-European one and a
5488:
5400:
5180:
5134:
3887:
3815:
3179:
3153:
3119:
2993:
2951:
2941:, where Celtic languages are spoken today, or were spoken into the modern era:
2938:
2895:
2647:
2548:
2494:
2436:
2361:
2345:
2337:
2322:
2244:
2217:
2209:
2182:
1755:
1622:
1497:
1055:
1009:
977:
913:
404:
177:
8211:
8194:
7332:
2911:
11651:
11208:
10709:
10681:
10588:
10580:
10322:
10274:
10060:
10008:
9737:
9677:
9667:
9567:
9542:
9333:
8783:
8621:
8264:
8256:
8044:. Institut fĂŒr Sprachwissenschaft der UniversitĂ€t Innsbruck. pp. 12â39.
7329:"Celtic Gods: The Gaulish and Ligurian god, Vasio (He who is given Libation)"
5796:
5415:
5337:
5143:
3798:
3669:
3439:
3183:
3137:
2979:
2827:
2702:
2599:
2499:
2377:
2228:
2015:
1479:
1395:
1112:
970:
832:
586:
7913:
7611:(in Spanish) (1st ed.). Salamanca: Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca.
7444:
Unity in Diversity, Volume 2: Cultural and Linguistic Markers of the Concept
7171:
6968:
3804:
suffixed pronominal supplements, called confirming or supplementary pronouns
3070:, also called Eastern or Northeastern Hispano-Celtic, spoken in the ancient
2192:
During the first millennium BC, Celtic languages were spoken across much of
802:
11027:
10820:
10608:
10132:
10086:
10025:
9934:
9711:
9689:
9682:
9124:
9049:
9039:
8971:
8600:
8530:
7973:
7932:
7591:
7573:
7542:
7485:
6987:
6885:
6445:
5425:
5377:
5304:
eras. Other scholars see greater linguistic affinities between Lusitanian,
5280:
5220:
5212:
3977:
3962:
3606:
2385:
2353:
2170:
1634:
1472:
946:
817:
616:
611:
601:
103:
9316:
8138:
Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta; aan de Wiel, Caroline (2004).
7127:
6520:
Schumacher, Stefan; Schulze-Thulin, Britta; aan de Wiel, Caroline (2004).
210:
10942:
10927:
10328:
10247:
10055:
10040:
10030:
10003:
9829:
9782:
9694:
9445:
9062:
8966:
8853:
8061:
Towards a Relative Chronology of Ancient and Medieval Celtic Sound Change
7425:
Ballester, X. (2004). ""PĂĄramo" o del problema del la */p/ en celtoide".
5969:
5333:
5317:
5297:
3781:
3075:
3049:
3029:
2975:
2856:
2737:
2535:
2204:. There are six living languages: the four continuously living languages
1610:
1596:
1560:
1268:
272:
86:
74:
9597:
9368:
7965:
6877:
797:
10865:
10853:
10306:
10270:
10070:
10035:
9995:
9587:
9354:
9345:
8063:. Maynooth: Department of Old and Middle Irish, St. Patrick's College.
7279:
6142:
Pole Ătudes et DĂ©veloppement Observatoire des Pratiques Linguistiques.
5706:"Irish Examiner - 2004/11/24: EU grants Irish official language status"
5321:
5301:
5275:
5216:
3711:
3544:
3434:
Eska evaluates the evidence as supporting the following tree, based on
3194:
2850:
100+, including a small number of children who are new native speakers
1573:
1487:
1365:
1130:
8299:"Labara: An Introduction to the Celtic Languages", by Meredith Richard
7227:
6624:
Lenguas y religiones prerromanas del occidente de la penĂnsula ibĂ©rica
2200:. Today, they are restricted to the northwestern fringe of Europe and
2169:. The term "Celtic" was first used to describe this language group by
10265:
9377:
8812:
8765:
8593:
8523:
8195:"An Alternative to 'Celtic from the East' and 'Celtic from the West'"
7477:
6681:
5285:
3970:
3645:
2762:
2594:
2506:
1776:
1553:
1545:
1538:
1531:
1517:
1385:
230:
204:
200:
9577:
9283:
7939:
3164:, though Pictish may be a sister language rather than a daughter of
10922:
10386:
9839:
9794:
9758:
9746:
9592:
9552:
9372:
9364:
9359:
9341:
9264:
9001:
8996:
8981:
8759:
8309:
8137:
8027:
McCone, Kim (1991). "The PIE stops and syllabic nasals in Celtic".
7524:
6756:
6724:
6519:
5373:
5372:, spoken in the southwest of the Iberia Peninsula (mainly southern
5263:
5258:, spoken in the area between the Douro and Tagus rivers of western
4004:
3981:
3715:
3662:
verbâsubjectâobject (VSO) word order (probably Insular Celtic only)
3141:
3101:
3017:
3003:
2961:
2922:
2798:
2767:
2743:
2683:
2291:
2197:
1719:
1710:
1601:
1402:
1377:
1281:
772:
348:
82:
70:
62:
54:
50:
9607:
6691:"Language in Pictland: the case against 'non-Indo-European Pictish
5972:"World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples â UK: Welsh"
3714:, replaced by a quasi-nominal verb form called the verbal noun or
245:
11326:
10932:
10907:
10786:
10761:
10396:
10361:
10334:
10261:
10243:
9834:
9770:
9399:
9029:
9006:
8696:
8669:
8511:
8384:
5341:
5328:
5289:
5247:
5239:
3601:
family, the Celtic languages have sometimes been placed with the
3402:
3324:
3157:
3123:
3111:
3057:
2947:
2757:
2642:
2637:
2585:
2540:
2511:
2283:
2240:
1769:
1733:
1726:
1524:
1144:
777:
281: Areas where Celtic languages were spoken in the Middle Ages
168:
66:
7555:
5211:
is an extinct language spoken in the first millennium BC in the
3871:
is the second person singular inflected form of the preposition
11454:
10917:
10704:
10486:
Constitutional status of Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles
10406:
10381:
10345:
10339:
10252:
10175:
10101:
10020:
9522:
9011:
8956:
8737:
8286:
5877:
3820:
NĂĄ bac le mac an bhacaigh is nĂ bhacfaidh mac an bhacaigh leat.
3127:
3079:
2891:
2707:
2697:
2604:
2530:
2525:
2252:
2193:
1492:
1446:
965:
782:
46:
7507:
McEvoy, B.; Richards, M.; Forster, P.; Bradley, D. G. (2004).
5223:. It has recently been proposed that it was a Celtic language.
3736:, interrogation, and occasionally for affirmative declarations
11440:
9806:
9612:
9557:
9450:
9044:
8986:
8976:
8934:
8884:
7845:
The Syntax of the Celtic Languages: A Comparative Perspective
7003:
Archaeology and Language: The Puzzle of Indo-European Origins
6331:
5974:. United Nations High Commission for Refugees. Archived from
5395:
5390:
5345:
5267:
4008:
3438:, though it is not always clear that the innovations are not
3053:
2989:
2819:
2610:
2580:
2318:
2236:
2178:
1591:
1465:
1459:
1441:
812:
787:
287: Areas where Celtic languages remain widely spoken today
58:
7506:
3995:
The table below has words in the modern languages that were
3961:
between the different Celtic languages is apparent in their
10065:
9602:
9582:
9517:
9350:
6685:
Celtic one. This has been challenged by some scholars. See
5452:, ed. Donald MacAulay, Cambridge University Press, 1992, 3.
5243:
2130:
1983:
8167:"Early Celticity in Slovenia and at Rhaetic MagrĂš (Schio)"
7886:
7374:
Celtic from the West Chapter 11: The Problem of Lusitanian
5195:
Several poorly-documented languages may have been Celtic.
7549:
6906:
6851:
6729:. See also the introduction by James & Taylor to the
2139:
7940:
Gray, Russell D.; Atkinson, Quintin D. (November 2003).
7608:
Indoeuropeos y no indoeuropeos en la Hispania Prerromana
5792:"Just 6.3% of GaeilgeoirĂ speak Irish on a weekly basis"
5726:
5127:
Article 1 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights:
3547:. However, if they have another explanation (such as an
2325:
came to be used for all Celtic languages. Welsh has had
7638:
Transactions of the Philological Society vol. 97 (2003)
7028:
The Atlantic Celts: Ancient People or Modern Invention?
6626:. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca. pp. 422â27.
6294:
6167:
6165:
5885:. The Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency.
7446:
Editors: Sabine Asmus and Barbara Braid. Google Books.
6824:
6192:"National Household Survey Profile, Nova Scotia, 2011"
5448:"The Celtic languages: An Overview", Donald MacAulay,
3450:
as more akin to Lepontic than to Transalpine Gaulish.
3056:. Coins with Lepontic inscriptions have been found in
2313:
scripts. Between the 4th and 8th centuries, Irish and
2247:. Welsh is the only Celtic language not classified as
9798:
7991:
The Death of the Irish Language: A Qualified Obituary
7141:
Ringe, Don; Warnow, Tandy; Taylor, Ann (March 2002).
5850:
5103:
5049:
5002:
4955:
4908:
4855:
4808:
4761:
4714:
4667:
4620:
4573:
4526:
4479:
4432:
4385:
4338:
4291:
4244:
4197:
4137:
4090:
2748:
2720:
2151:
2142:
2127:
10184:
8101:. Ottawa: Chair of Celtic Studies. pp. 231â48.
7402:
The Celts â A Very Short Introduction â see figure 7
7109:
6162:
3576:
3511:
3500:
3479:
3471:
3463:
3405:
3385:
3377:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3303:
3195:
Continental/Insular Celtic and P/Q-Celtic hypotheses
2136:
2133:
181:
171:
162:
154:
146:
138:
7843:Borsley, Robert D. & Ian Roberts (ed.) (1996).
6941:
6825:Barbour and Carmichael, Stephen and Cathie (2000).
6761:. Compare also the treatment of Pictish in Price's
5712:. Archives.tcm.ie. 24 November 2004. Archived from
3668:an impersonal or autonomous verb form serving as a
2124:
11075:
7697:
7455:
5527:. ABC-CLIO. pp. 34, 365â366, 529, 973, 1053.
5380:argues that Tartessian was also a Celtic language.
8245:NOWELE: North-Western European Language Evolution
7307:NOWELE: North-Western European Language Evolution
7140:
6303:"'South West:TeachingEnglish:British Council:BBC"
6208:
5880:"Census 2011 Key Statistics for Northern Ireland"
5625:"'South West:TeachingEnglish:British Council:BBC"
5190:
3784:constructions to express verbal tense, voice, or
3726:mutation-distinguished subordinators/relativisers
3446:into an uninflected enclitic particle. Eska sees
3224:into Gaelic and Brittonic is seen as being late.
2317:were occasionally written in an original script,
11649:
7752:"The Celts in the Iberian Peninsula:Celtiberian"
5593:
5591:
5364:argues that Rhaetian was also a Celtic language.
3775:"I have a cat", literally "there is a cat at me"
3757:"I have a cat", literally "there is a cat to me"
3657:"fifty-six" (literally "sixteen and two twenty")
7828:Ball, Martin J. & James Fife (ed.) (1993).
6948:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
6441:"How the Manx language came back from the dead"
6438:
5970:United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.
5569:
3741:pronouns positioned between particles and verbs
2301:. The earliest specimens of written Celtic are
8121:Studies in British Celtic historical phonology
5909:
5907:
11061:
9762:
8869:
8680:? (possibly independent or pre-Indo-European)
8325:
8192:
8096:
8077:
7729:. Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK. pp. 292â293.
7376:. Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK. pp. 360â361.
7110:Birnbaum, Henrik; Puhvel, Jaan, eds. (1966).
6515:
6513:
5946:
5944:
5588:
5406:A Swadesh list of the modern Celtic languages
5088:
5082:
5035:
4988:
4941:
4888:
4841:
4794:
4747:
4700:
4653:
4606:
4559:
4512:
4465:
4418:
4371:
4324:
4277:
4230:
4170:
4123:
4076:
3752:
3652:
2811:
2780:
2431:Estimated number of speakers in major cities
2095:
9750:
7988:
7143:"Indo-European and Computational Cladistics"
6852:Gray and Atkinson, RD; Atkinson, QD (2003).
5776:
5599:"Fockle ny ghaa: schoolchildren take charge"
5075:
5028:
4981:
4934:
4881:
4834:
4787:
4740:
4693:
4646:
4599:
4552:
4505:
4458:
4411:
4364:
4317:
4270:
4223:
4163:
4116:
4069:
3766:"I have a cat", literally "a cat is with me"
3122:. These were once spoken in a wide arc from
2688:
2665:
2583:: 788,000 speakers (26.7% of the population)
9810:
9774:
7800:. Oxbow Books, Oxford, UK. pp. 1â198.
7789:
7787:
7404:. Oxford University Press. pp. 51â52.
7395:
7393:
6390:"Documentation for ISO 639 identifier: glv"
5904:
5262:(a region straddling the present border of
5096:
5068:
5042:
5021:
4995:
4974:
4948:
4927:
4901:
4895:
4874:
4848:
4827:
4801:
4780:
4754:
4733:
4707:
4686:
4660:
4639:
4613:
4592:
4566:
4545:
4519:
4498:
4472:
4451:
4425:
4404:
4378:
4357:
4331:
4310:
4284:
4263:
4237:
4216:
4189:
4183:
4177:
4156:
4130:
4109:
4083:
4062:
3941:
3932:
3926:
3920:
3914:
3908:
3902:
3872:
3866:
3842:
3836:
3830:
3770:
3761:
3700:
3694:
3685:
3679:
2926:Classification of Indo-European languages.
2629:
2559:
2553:
2516:
2466:
2460:
2454:
2447:
2441:
11068:
11054:
9786:
8883:
8876:
8862:
8332:
8318:
8058:
7887:Forster, Peter; Toth, Alfred (July 2003).
7598:
7254:"Trinity College Phonetics and Speech Lab"
6544:
6510:
6392:. Sil.org. 14 January 2008. Archived from
6235:
6124:Données clés sur breton, Ofis ar Brezhoneg
6114:
5941:
5727:Christina Bratt Paulston (24 March 1994).
5110:
5056:
5009:
4962:
4915:
4862:
4815:
4768:
4721:
4674:
4627:
4580:
4533:
4486:
4439:
4392:
4345:
4298:
4251:
4204:
4144:
4097:
2861:
2838:
2832:
2102:
2088:
2066:Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
8222:2160/317fdc72-f7ad-4a66-8335-db8f5d911437
8220:
8210:
8182:
8115:
8015:. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
7922:
7912:
7847:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
7581:
7532:
7424:
7367:
7365:
7199:
7161:
6977:
6967:
6558:
6556:
6498:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
5553:"A brief history of the Cornish language"
5524:Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia
3041:Celtic is divided into various branches:
2258:Irish, Manx and Scottish Gaelic form the
2177:, who made the explicit link between the
265: Maximal Celtic expansion, c. 275 BC
7784:
7704:. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
7695:
7399:
7390:
7150:Transactions of the Philological Society
6194:. Statistics Canada. 11 September 2013.
5812:
5516:
5514:
3028:
2932:
2921:
2910:
8238:
8080:An Introduction to the Celtic Languages
7866:. Wiesbaden: Reichert. pp. 40â70.
7858:
7750:CĂłlera, Carlos JordĂĄn (16 March 2007).
7050:
7000:
6994:
6831:. Oxford University Press. p. 56.
6810:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
6621:
6577:
6146:. Office Public de la Langue Bretonne.
5756:. Cork University Press. p. 1140.
5679:
5489:"Celtic Branch | About World Languages"
3268:dialect (Schmidt 1986; Fleuriot 1986).
3214:Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic
2425:
2415:
2412:
2406:
2181:described by classical writers and the
14:
11650:
9727:
8164:
8039:
8026:
7749:
7743:
7625:from the original on 31 December 2015.
7604:
7371:
7362:
7347:
7304:
6553:
6238:"New bid to get us speaking in Gaelic"
6093:
6045:from the original on 22 September 2014
5754:Irish Writing in the Twentieth Century
5751:
5682:The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language
5541:from the original on 31 December 2015.
5499:from the original on 25 September 2017
5344:, and the Alpine regions of northeast
2262:, while Welsh, Cornish and Breton are
11049:
10959:
10851:
10630:
10432:
9864:
9644:
9295:
8932:
8857:
8313:
8287:Aberdeen University Celtic Department
7718:
7353:
7260:from the original on 12 February 2019
7203:The Celts: History, Life, and Culture
7200:Koch, John T.; Minard, Antone (201).
7181:from the original on 22 February 2006
7025:
7019:
6942:Forster, Peter; Toth, Alfred (2003).
6711:from the original on 19 February 2006
6562:
6334:"Language in England and Wales: 2011"
5892:from the original on 24 December 2012
5878:Department of Finance and Personnel.
5511:
5316:. Prominent modern linguists such as
4027:
4024:
4021:
3648:number system (counting by twenties)
2239:and Irish is an official language of
2073:Indo-European Etymological Dictionary
2045:Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture
8339:
8013:A Concise Comparative Celtic Grammar
7793:
7724:
7668:
7286:from the original on 7 February 2019
7234:from the original on 7 February 2019
6790:from the original on 10 October 2017
5952:2011-census-key-statistics-for-wales
5950:Office for National Statistics 2011
5731:. J. Benjamins Pub. Co. p. 81.
5520:
5463:The Celts: a very short introduction
3281:
3086:, in northwest Iberia, is uncertain.
10852:
8762:(Chubut Province, Argentina; Welsh)
7067:from the original on 2 October 2012
6594:from the original on 2 October 2012
6332:Equalities and Wellbeing Division.
6217:from the original on 5 October 2016
6075:from the original on 26 August 2011
5990:
3952:
2332:
2235:. Welsh is an official language in
2030:Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European
24:
8158:
6921:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2003.tb00299.x
6828:Language and nationalism in Europe
6767:Languages in Britain & Ireland
6646:Villar F., B. M. PrĂłsper. (2005).
6336:. Office for National Statistics.
6244:from the original on 10 March 2016
6098:. Welsh Government. Archived from
5574:. Tor Mark Press. pp. 20â22.
3616:
3559:Core Celtic (P-Celtic hypothesis)
2879:
2052:The Horse, the Wheel, and Language
25:
11669:
10282:Festival Interceltique de Lorient
8280:
6612:MORANDI 2004, pp. 702-703, n. 277
6479:from the original on 29 June 2010
6453:from the original on 5 March 2016
6340:from the original on 7 March 2016
6198:from the original on 13 May 2014.
6150:from the original on 5 March 2016
5859:from the original on 7 March 2016
5661:from the original on 16 July 2011
5572:The Story of the Cornish Language
3976:are often the product of regular
3898:four on fifteen and four twenties
3892:pedwar ar bymtheg a phedwar ugain
3144:. Including the living languages
2906:
250:Distribution of Celtic speakers:
11329:(unknown further classification)
11032:
9645:
9282:
8825:Scottish Gaelic-medium education
8199:Cambridge Archaeological Journal
8184:10.4312/linguistica.46.1.145-172
7358:. Thames and Hudson. p. 54.
7228:"Dictionnaires bretons parlants"
7108:, "Italo-Celtic Revisited". In:
7030:. London: British Museum Press.
6780:"What are the Celtic Languages?"
6567:. Thames and Hudson. p. 55.
6439:Sarah Whitehead (2 April 2015).
6408:"Isle of Man Census Report 2011"
6213:. National Records of Scotland.
5601:. Iomtoday.co.im. Archived from
5570:Beresford Ellis, Peter (2005) .
5360:, and uncertain other elements.
2120:
2059:Journal of Indo-European Studies
823:Bible translations into Armenian
314:
275:area; Celtic affiliation unclear
244:
8193:Sims-Williams, Patrick (2020).
7689:
7662:
7641:
7629:
7500:
7449:
7437:
7418:
7321:
7298:
7272:
7246:
7220:
7193:
7134:
7099:
7079:
7044:
6935:
6900:
6845:
6818:
6802:
6772:
6670:
6661:
6640:
6615:
6606:
6571:
6538:
6491:
6465:
6432:
6400:
6382:
6366:. 11 April 2002. Archived from
6352:
6325:
6282:
6256:
6229:
6202:
6184:
6135:
6087:
6057:
6024:
5963:
5871:
5844:
5784:
5770:
5745:
5720:
5698:
5673:
5647:
3592:
2902:(some 86,000 speakers in 2009).
2888:, Highland travellers' language
2813:Keskowethyans an Taves Kernewek
2396:
2327:a continuous literary tradition
334:List of Indo-European languages
45:Formerly widespread in much of
18:P-Celtic and Q-Celtic languages
8774:(Nova Scotia; Scottish Gaelic)
7120:University of California Press
7112:Ancient Indo-European dialects
6300:Around 2,000 fluent speakers.
6268:Office for National Statistics
5777:Ă hĂallaithe, Donncha (1999),
5684:. Cambridge University Press.
5617:
5563:
5545:
5481:
5468:
5455:
5442:
5191:Possible members of the family
3429:
13:
1:
11001:Celtic place names in Galicia
10631:
8845:extinct or ancestor languages
8239:Stifter, David (April 2020).
7881:Celtic Linguistics, 1700â1850
7821:
6549:. Giunti Editore. p. 82.
5555:. Maga Kernow. Archived from
3974:differences between languages
3096:, and the Spanish regions of
1660:Proto-Indo-European mythology
929:Paleolithic continuity theory
10433:
8943:Ancient Celtic ethnic groups
7700:The Etruscan Cities and Rome
6547:I Celti: una civiltĂ europea
5421:Continental Celtic languages
3744:lack of simple verb for the
2808:Cornish Language Partnership
2272:continental Celtic languages
1348:Northern Black Polished Ware
547:Proto-Indo-European language
7:
9925:Welsh literature in English
9865:
9296:
9022:Modern Celtic ethnic groups
8933:
6507:John T. Koch, Vol 1, p. 233
6360:"Anyone here speak Jersey?"
6309:. BBC. 2010. Archived from
6307:BBC/British Council website
6039:United States Census Bureau
5851:Central Statistics Office.
5631:. BBC. 2010. Archived from
5629:BBC/British Council website
5384:
5122:
3130:. They are now all extinct.
2616:Welsh Language Commissioner
1665:Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism
10:
11674:
9945:Scottish Gaelic literature
9330:Brigantia (ancient region)
8304:Celts and Celtic Languages
8165:Markey, Thomas L. (2006).
7893:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
7605:Villar, Francisco (2000).
7315:10.1075/nowele.54-55.01mar
6812:Leiden: Brill, 2009, p.13
6545:Percivaldi, Elena (2003).
6290:Number of Cornish speakers
6264:"Main language (detailed)"
5292:, and; (2) the so-called "
2427:Regulated by/language body
2416:Number of skilled speakers
2297:The Celtic languages have
2202:a few diaspora communities
961:Domestication of the horse
11632:
11492:
11410:
11383:
11351:
11317:
11287:
11262:
11230:
11198:
11189:
11128:
11099:
11088:
11023:
10966:
10960:
10955:
10893:
10864:
10847:
10810:
10732:
10723:
10695:
10667:
10639:
10626:
10579:
10544:
10518:
10439:
10428:
10315:
10292:Hebridean Celtic Festival
10229:
10131:
10110:
10079:
9994:
9953:
9920:Welsh-language literature
9875:
9871:
9860:
9822:
9736:
9653:
9640:
9510:
9469:
9408:
9304:
9291:
9280:
9117:
9086:
9020:
8941:
8928:
8895:
8838:
8793:
8746:
8723:
8660:? (possibly hypothetical)
8648:
8564:
8542:
8501:
8478:
8460:
8449:
8440:
8365:
8347:
8212:10.1017/S0959774320000098
7765:: 749â750. Archived from
7653:30 September 2020 at the
7372:Wodtko, Dagmar S (2010).
7354:Kruta, Venceslas (1991).
7280:"Learn Gaelic Dictionary"
7005:. London: Jonathan Cape.
6563:Kruta, Venceslas (1991).
6240:. The Press and Journal.
5855:. Government of Ireland.
5461:Cunliffe, Barry W. 2003.
5064:
5017:
4970:
4923:
4870:
4823:
4776:
4729:
4682:
4635:
4588:
4541:
4494:
4447:
4400:
4353:
4306:
4259:
4212:
4152:
4105:
4058:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4032:
3965:, especially in terms of
3940:The multiples of ten are
3288:Insular Celtic hypothesis
3074:, in the eastern part of
2862:
2826:
2774:
2749:
2714:
2689:
2659:
2547:
2517:
2435:
2430:
2418:
2413:Number of native speakers
2409:
2403:
2329:from the 6th century AD.
2299:a rich literary tradition
1670:Historical Vedic religion
947:Chalcolithic (Copper Age)
243:
229:
217:
199:
129:
119:
94:Linguistic classification
92:
39:
34:
10725:Ancient Celtic languages
8257:10.1075/nowele.00037.sti
7400:Cunliffe, Barry (2003).
6784:Celtic Studies Resources
6763:The Languages of Britain
6144:"Situation de la Langue"
5436:
3705:"is taught, one teaches"
3690:"is taught, one teaches"
3052:and in Northern-Central
2691:Ofis Publik ar Brezhoneg
2268:Insular Celtic languages
1675:Ancient Iranian religion
1038:Novotitarovskaya culture
885:Indo-European migrations
11077:Indo-European languages
10996:Gaulish words in French
10981:Celtic words in English
9240:Scottish New Zealanders
9130:Anglo-Celtic Australian
8668:? (possibly related to
8292:8 December 2008 at the
8029:Studia Celtica Japonica
7914:10.1073/pnas.1331158100
7675:. Bloomsbury Academic.
7672:Celtic Culture: A-Celti
7309:. 54â55. NOWELE: 5â62.
7172:10.1111/1467-968X.00091
7051:Stifter, David (2008).
7001:Renfrew, Colin (1987).
6969:10.1073/pnas.1331158100
6578:Stifter, David (2008).
5680:Crystal, David (2010).
5493:aboutworldlanguages.com
5294:Lusitanian distribution
4014:Swadesh list for Celtic
4003:, as well as a few old
3575:("Transalpine Celtic")
3543:to spread as part of a
3178:, including the extant
3033:The second of the four
2735:Scotland: 87,056 (2011)
1176:Northern/Eastern Steppe
9930:Early Irish literature
9811:
9799:
9787:
9775:
9763:
9751:
9220:Scotch-Irish Canadians
9215:Scotch-Irish Americans
8830:Welsh-medium education
8480:Southwestern Brittonic
8078:Russell, Paul (1995).
7669:Koch, John T. (2006).
7574:10.1098/rspb.2003.2406
6622:PrĂłsper, B.M. (2002).
6008:. 2008. Archived from
5752:Pierce, David (2000).
5521:Koch, John T. (2006).
5184:
5175:
5166:
5156:
5147:
5138:
5111:
5104:
5097:
5089:
5083:
5076:
5069:
5057:
5050:
5043:
5036:
5029:
5022:
5010:
5003:
4996:
4989:
4982:
4975:
4963:
4956:
4949:
4942:
4935:
4928:
4916:
4909:
4902:
4896:
4889:
4882:
4875:
4863:
4856:
4849:
4842:
4835:
4828:
4816:
4809:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4769:
4762:
4755:
4748:
4741:
4734:
4722:
4715:
4708:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4675:
4668:
4661:
4654:
4647:
4640:
4628:
4621:
4614:
4607:
4600:
4593:
4581:
4574:
4567:
4560:
4553:
4546:
4534:
4527:
4520:
4513:
4506:
4499:
4487:
4480:
4473:
4466:
4459:
4452:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4419:
4412:
4405:
4393:
4386:
4379:
4372:
4365:
4358:
4346:
4339:
4332:
4325:
4318:
4311:
4299:
4292:
4285:
4278:
4271:
4264:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4217:
4205:
4198:
4190:
4184:
4178:
4171:
4164:
4157:
4145:
4138:
4131:
4124:
4117:
4110:
4098:
4091:
4084:
4077:
4070:
4063:
3942:
3933:
3927:
3921:
3915:
3909:
3903:
3891:
3873:
3867:
3843:
3837:
3831:
3824:(Literal translation)
3819:
3771:
3762:
3753:
3701:
3695:
3686:
3680:
3653:
3632:inflected prepositions
3514:("Transalpine Celtic")
3038:
3026:
2930:
2919:
2839:
2833:
2812:
2781:
2740:, Canada: 1,275 (2011)
2721:
2666:
2631:Bwrdd yr Iaith Gymraeg
2630:
2560:
2554:
2467:
2461:
2455:
2448:
2442:
2352:, both descended from
2158:) are a branch of the
1647:Religion and mythology
1606:Medieval Scandinavians
897:Alternative and fringe
10557:Scottish independence
10302:Celtic Media Festival
10185:National music scenes
9416:Proto-Celtic religion
9118:Related ethnic groups
8807:Skol Veythrin Karenza
8747:Celtic-speaking areas
8672:or pre-Indo-European)
8123:. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
7989:Hindley, Reg (1990).
7832:. London: Routledge.
7794:Koch, John T (2011).
7725:Koch, John T (2010).
7696:Scullard, HH (1967).
7026:James, Simon (1999).
6808:Ranko Matasovic 2009
6503:31 March 2017 at the
6129:15 March 2012 at the
5998:"Wales and Argentina"
5362:Howard Hayes Scullard
3931:is a mutated form of
3907:is a mutated form of
3634:(Insular Celtic only)
3628:(Insular Celtic only)
3505:Core Celtic (secure)
3359:P/Q-Celtic hypothesis
3114:languages, including
3032:
2936:
2925:
2914:
1997:Indo-European studies
1360:Peoples and societies
10881:(Medieval Welsh law)
10491:Scottish nationalism
10141:Ancient Celtic music
9461:Romano-Celtic temple
9270:Welsh New Zealanders
9195:Irish New Zealanders
7830:The Celtic Languages
7087:The Celtic languages
7054:Old Celtic Languages
6751:on 20 February 2006.
6581:Old Celtic Languages
6370:on 11 September 2011
6172:2011 Scotland Census
5559:on 25 December 2008.
5450:The Celtic Languages
5332:, spoken in central
3967:actual pronunciation
2626:Welsh Language Board
904:Anatolian hypothesis
856:Proto-Indo-Europeans
763:Hittite inscriptions
308:Indo-European topics
259:area, 6th century BC
11503:Proto-Indo-European
10571:Irish republicanism
10552:Breton independence
10531:Scottish devolution
10464:Cornish nationalism
10287:Pan Celtic Festival
10161:Scottish folk music
9915:Scottish literature
9441:Celtic Christianity
9245:Scottish Travellers
9230:Scottish Argentines
9074:Scottish Travellers
8819:Bunscoill Ghaelgagh
8794:Immersive education
8059:McCone, K. (1996).
8007:Lewis, Henry &
7966:10.1038/nature02029
7958:2003Natur.426..435G
7905:2003PNAS..100.9079F
7568:(1524): 1593â1599.
7470:2000Natur.404..351H
6960:2003PNAS..100.9079F
6878:10.1038/nature02029
6870:2003Natur.426..435G
6209:Scotland's Census.
6177:4 June 2014 at the
6102:on 31 December 2015
6071:. 7 December 2010.
5957:5 June 2013 at the
5929:on 17 November 2015
5716:on 19 January 2005.
5308:(particularly with
3925:("ten"). Likewise,
3835:is the genitive of
3654:hwetek ha dew ugens
3639:grammatical genders
3626:consonant mutations
3573:Transalpine Gaulish
3509:Transalpine Gaulish
2894:, based largely on
2864:Coonceil ny Gaelgey
2782:Kernowek / Kernewek
2490:Republic of Ireland
2358:Brittonic languages
2266:. All of these are
2173:in 1707, following
1160:Multi-cordoned ware
1031:Mikhaylovka culture
919:Indigenous Aryanism
909:Armenian hypothesis
768:Hieroglyphic Luwian
11584:Proto-Indo-Iranian
11531:Proto-Balto-Slavic
11273:Continental Celtic
10562:Welsh independence
10526:Cornish devolution
10447:Breton nationalism
10297:Celtic Connections
9900:Cornish literature
9250:Ulster Protestants
9235:Scottish Canadians
9225:Scottish Americans
9135:Anglo-Irish people
8772:Cape Breton Island
8608:Early Modern Irish
8368:Continental Celtic
7122:. pp. 29â50.
6677:Kenneth H. Jackson
6420:on 5 November 2013
6211:"Standard Outputs"
6012:on 16 October 2012
5919:StatsWales website
5800:. 23 November 2017
5655:"Celtic Languages"
5478:(Heron Books 2015)
5011:toghtaney, smookal
4521:ceathair, cheithre
3959:lexical similarity
3853:⟨bh⟩
3444:*iÌŻos, *iÌŻÄ, *iÌŻod
3436:shared innovations
3301:Continental Celtic
3202:Continental Celtic
3062:Gallia Narbonensis
3039:
3027:
2931:
2928:(click to enlarge)
2920:
2917:(click to enlarge)
2574:Total speakers: â
2372:). The other two,
2342:Goidelic languages
2260:Goidelic languages
740:Proto-Indo-Iranian
726:Proto-Balto-Slavic
707:Proto-Italo-Celtic
11645:
11644:
11639:extinct languages
11258:
11257:
11185:
11184:
11043:
11042:
11019:
11018:
10951:
10950:
10843:
10842:
10839:
10838:
10802:Cisalpine Gaulish
10622:
10621:
10508:national identity
10503:Welsh nationalism
10496:national identity
10476:Irish nationalism
10424:
10423:
10420:
10419:
10357:Cornish wrestling
10225:
10224:
10146:Breton Folk music
10111:Regional cultures
9954:National cultures
9940:Gaelic literature
9895:Breton literature
9856:
9855:
9852:
9851:
9848:
9847:
9636:
9635:
9548:Chief of the Name
9421:Celtic polytheism
9338:Sub-Roman Britain
9278:
9277:
9165:Irish Australians
9145:Cornish Americans
9104:Scottish diaspora
8851:
8850:
8644:
8643:
8560:
8559:
8503:Western Brittonic
8392:Cisalpine Gaulish
7807:978-1-907029-07-3
7736:978-1-84217-410-4
7513:Am. J. Hum. Genet
7464:(6776): 351â352.
7383:978-1-84217-410-4
7213:978-1-59884-964-6
6954:(15): 9079â9084.
6864:(6965): 435â439.
6838:978-0-19-823671-9
6687:Katherine Forsyth
6313:on 8 January 2010
6069:Statistics Canada
6041:. 27 April 2010.
6002:Wales.com website
5691:978-0-521-73650-3
5635:on 8 January 2010
5350:Etruscan alphabet
5272:dialect continuum
5118:
5117:
4997:caith(eamh) tobac
3861:⟨b⟩
3498:Cisalpine Gaulish
3448:Cisalpine Gaulish
3426:
3425:
3234:Hallstatt culture
3104:and northwestern
3094:Northern Portugal
3072:Iberian Peninsula
3035:Botorrita plaques
2877:
2876:
2423:
2368:, descended from
2222:revived languages
2165:, descended from
2112:
2111:
1373:Anatolian peoples
1343:Painted Grey Ware
1231:Nordic Bronze Age
880:Kurgan hypothesis
833:Old Irish glosses
798:Gaulish epigraphy
293:
292:
257:Hallstatt culture
160:Cisalpine Gaulish
16:(Redirected from
11665:
11658:Celtic languages
11591:Proto-Indo-Aryan
11196:
11195:
11097:
11096:
11070:
11063:
11056:
11047:
11046:
11036:
10957:
10956:
10849:
10848:
10831:Galwegian Gaelic
10730:
10729:
10628:
10627:
10536:Welsh devolution
10430:
10429:
10182:
10181:
10171:Sean-nĂłs singing
10166:Welsh folk music
10156:Irish folk music
10123:Highland culture
9905:Irish literature
9885:Arthurian Legend
9873:
9872:
9862:
9861:
9814:
9802:
9790:
9778:
9766:
9754:
9734:
9733:
9725:
9724:
9702:Neo-Christianity
9642:
9641:
9573:Gaelic astrology
9533:Celtic festivals
9436:Celtic mythology
9409:Ancient religion
9326:Iron Age Britain
9293:
9292:
9286:
9265:Welsh Argentines
9205:Irish Uruguayans
9200:Irish Travellers
9170:Irish Brazilians
9160:Irish Argentines
9140:Breton Americans
9094:Cornish diaspora
9056:Irish Travellers
8930:
8929:
8922:Celtic languages
8878:
8871:
8864:
8855:
8854:
8633:Galwegian Gaelic
8614:Classical Gaelic
8575:Classical Gaelic
8469:Common Brittonic
8458:
8457:
8447:
8446:
8341:Celtic languages
8334:
8327:
8320:
8311:
8310:
8276:
8234:
8224:
8214:
8188:
8186:
8153:
8134:
8117:Schrijver, Peter
8112:
8093:
8074:
8055:
8036:
8004:
7985:
7952:(6965): 435â39.
7936:
7926:
7916:
7877:
7816:
7815:
7814:on 23 July 2011.
7810:. Archived from
7791:
7782:
7781:
7779:
7777:
7771:
7756:
7747:
7741:
7740:
7722:
7716:
7715:
7703:
7693:
7687:
7686:
7666:
7660:
7645:
7639:
7633:
7627:
7626:
7602:
7596:
7595:
7585:
7553:
7547:
7546:
7536:
7504:
7498:
7497:
7478:10.1038/35006158
7453:
7447:
7441:
7435:
7434:
7422:
7416:
7415:
7397:
7388:
7387:
7369:
7360:
7359:
7351:
7345:
7344:
7342:
7340:
7331:. Archived from
7325:
7319:
7318:
7302:
7296:
7295:
7293:
7291:
7276:
7270:
7269:
7267:
7265:
7250:
7244:
7243:
7241:
7239:
7224:
7218:
7217:
7197:
7191:
7190:
7188:
7186:
7180:
7165:
7147:
7138:
7132:
7131:
7106:Watkins, Calvert
7103:
7097:
7083:
7077:
7076:
7074:
7072:
7066:
7059:
7048:
7042:
7041:
7023:
7017:
7016:
6998:
6992:
6991:
6981:
6971:
6939:
6933:
6932:
6904:
6898:
6897:
6849:
6843:
6842:
6822:
6816:
6806:
6800:
6799:
6797:
6795:
6776:
6770:
6765:(1984) with his
6760:
6752:
6750:
6744:. Archived from
6743:
6734:
6728:
6720:
6718:
6716:
6710:
6703:
6694:
6674:
6668:
6665:
6659:
6650:. pgs. 333â350.
6644:
6638:
6637:
6619:
6613:
6610:
6604:
6603:
6601:
6599:
6593:
6586:
6575:
6569:
6568:
6560:
6551:
6550:
6542:
6536:
6535:
6517:
6508:
6495:
6489:
6488:
6486:
6484:
6469:
6463:
6462:
6460:
6458:
6436:
6430:
6429:
6427:
6425:
6419:
6412:
6404:
6398:
6397:
6396:on 28 July 2011.
6386:
6380:
6379:
6377:
6375:
6356:
6350:
6349:
6347:
6345:
6329:
6323:
6322:
6320:
6318:
6298:
6292:
6286:
6280:
6279:(UK 2021 Census)
6278:
6276:
6274:
6260:
6254:
6253:
6251:
6249:
6236:Alison Campsie.
6233:
6227:
6226:
6224:
6222:
6206:
6200:
6199:
6188:
6182:
6181:, Table QS211SC.
6169:
6160:
6159:
6157:
6155:
6139:
6133:
6122:
6118:
6112:
6111:
6109:
6107:
6091:
6085:
6084:
6082:
6080:
6061:
6055:
6054:
6052:
6050:
6036:
6028:
6022:
6021:
6019:
6017:
6006:Welsh Government
5994:
5988:
5987:
5985:
5983:
5967:
5961:
5948:
5939:
5938:
5936:
5934:
5925:. Archived from
5923:Welsh Government
5911:
5902:
5901:
5899:
5897:
5891:
5884:
5875:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5864:
5848:
5842:
5841:
5839:
5837:
5831:
5825:. Archived from
5824:
5816:
5810:
5809:
5807:
5805:
5788:
5782:
5781:
5774:
5768:
5767:
5749:
5743:
5742:
5724:
5718:
5717:
5702:
5696:
5695:
5677:
5671:
5670:
5668:
5666:
5651:
5645:
5644:
5642:
5640:
5621:
5615:
5614:
5612:
5610:
5595:
5586:
5585:
5567:
5561:
5560:
5549:
5543:
5542:
5518:
5509:
5508:
5506:
5504:
5485:
5479:
5472:
5466:
5459:
5453:
5446:
5306:Old Gallo-Italic
5114:
5107:
5100:
5092:
5086:
5079:
5072:
5060:
5053:
5046:
5039:
5032:
5025:
5013:
5006:
4999:
4992:
4985:
4983:mogediñ, butuniñ
4978:
4966:
4959:
4952:
4945:
4938:
4931:
4919:
4912:
4905:
4899:
4892:
4885:
4878:
4866:
4859:
4852:
4845:
4838:
4831:
4819:
4812:
4805:
4798:
4791:
4784:
4772:
4765:
4758:
4751:
4744:
4737:
4725:
4718:
4711:
4704:
4697:
4690:
4678:
4671:
4664:
4657:
4650:
4643:
4631:
4624:
4617:
4610:
4603:
4596:
4584:
4577:
4570:
4563:
4556:
4549:
4537:
4530:
4523:
4516:
4509:
4502:
4490:
4483:
4476:
4469:
4462:
4455:
4448:mouth of a river
4443:
4436:
4429:
4422:
4415:
4408:
4401:lip (anatomical)
4396:
4389:
4382:
4375:
4368:
4361:
4349:
4342:
4335:
4328:
4321:
4314:
4302:
4295:
4288:
4281:
4274:
4267:
4255:
4248:
4241:
4234:
4227:
4220:
4208:
4201:
4193:
4187:
4181:
4174:
4167:
4160:
4148:
4141:
4134:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4101:
4094:
4087:
4080:
4073:
4066:
4019:
4018:
3997:inherited direct
3991:
3987:
3969:. Moreover, the
3953:Comparison table
3945:
3936:
3930:
3924:
3918:
3912:
3906:
3876:
3870:
3862:
3854:
3846:
3840:
3834:
3774:
3765:
3763:Mae cath gyda fi
3756:
3704:
3698:
3689:
3683:
3656:
3603:Italic languages
3578:
3513:
3502:
3490:Cisalpine Celtic
3486:Nuclear Celtic?
3481:
3473:
3465:
3407:
3387:
3379:
3329:
3321:
3313:
3305:
3282:
3230:Urnfield culture
3170:Ivernic language
3166:Common Brittonic
3106:Castile and LeĂłn
3015:
3001:
2987:
2973:
2959:
2945:
2867:
2866:
2842:
2836:
2815:
2804:Akademi Kernewek
2784:
2754:
2753:
2751:BĂČrd na GĂ idhlig
2724:
2694:
2693:
2669:
2633:
2624:(previously the
2621:Welsh Government
2563:
2557:
2522:
2521:
2519:Foras na Gaeilge
2484:Total speakers:
2470:
2464:
2458:
2451:
2445:
2421:
2401:
2400:
2376:(Brittonic) and
2370:Common Brittonic
2333:Living languages
2175:Paul-Yves Pezron
2154:
2149:
2148:
2145:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2116:Celtic languages
2104:
2097:
2090:
1945:
1938:
1924:
1917:
1910:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1875:
1868:
1793:
1779:
1772:
1758:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1713:
1548:
1541:
1534:
1527:
1520:
1503:Germanic peoples
1493:Hellenic peoples
1482:
1475:
1468:
1391:Mycenaean Greeks
1380:
1308:Thraco-Cimmerian
1206:Globular Amphora
1183:Abashevo culture
1122:
1115:
1085:
1040:
1033:
1026:
1019:
1012:
1005:
998:
991:
828:Tocharian script
531:
524:
517:
510:
503:
496:
489:
482:
449:
435:
428:
421:
407:
383:
376:
357:
318:
295:
294:
286:
280:
270:
264:
254:
248:
239:
225:
213:
183:
173:
164:
156:
148:
140:
32:
31:
21:
11673:
11672:
11668:
11667:
11666:
11664:
11663:
11662:
11648:
11647:
11646:
11641:
11628:
11623:Proto-Tocharian
11517:Proto-Anatolian
11494:Proto-languages
11488:
11406:
11379:
11361:Latino-Faliscan
11347:
11313:
11283:
11254:
11226:
11181:
11124:
11084:
11074:
11044:
11039:
11015:
10962:
10947:
10889:
10885:Early Scots law
10874:Early Irish law
10860:
10835:
10812:Scottish Gaelic
10806:
10747:Proto-Brittonic
10719:
10715:Beurla Reagaird
10691:
10687:Scottish Gaelic
10663:
10635:
10618:
10614:Columba Project
10594:Celtic Congress
10575:
10540:
10514:
10435:
10416:
10377:Gaelic handball
10367:Gaelic football
10352:Cornish hurling
10311:
10221:
10180:
10127:
10106:
10092:Gaelic clothing
10075:
9990:
9949:
9910:Manx literature
9867:
9844:
9823:Other claimants
9818:
9723:
9673:Celtic Congress
9649:
9632:
9528:Celtic calendar
9506:
9465:
9404:
9300:
9287:
9274:
9260:Welsh Americans
9180:Irish Catholics
9175:Irish Canadians
9155:Irish Americans
9113:
9087:Celtic diaspora
9082:
9016:
8945:
8937:
8924:
8891:
8882:
8852:
8847:
8834:
8789:
8742:
8733:Beurla Reagaird
8719:
8657:Ancient Belgian
8640:
8627:Scottish Gaelic
8587:Primitive Irish
8556:
8538:
8497:
8474:
8453:
8436:
8361:
8343:
8338:
8294:Wayback Machine
8283:
8161:
8159:Further reading
8156:
8150:
8131:
8109:
8090:
8071:
8052:
8009:Holger Pedersen
8001:
7899:(15): 9079â84.
7874:
7860:Cowgill, Warren
7824:
7819:
7808:
7792:
7785:
7775:
7773:
7772:on 24 June 2011
7769:
7754:
7748:
7744:
7737:
7723:
7719:
7712:
7694:
7690:
7683:
7667:
7663:
7655:Wayback Machine
7648:Callaica_Nomina
7646:
7642:
7634:
7630:
7619:
7603:
7599:
7562:Proc. R. Soc. B
7554:
7550:
7505:
7501:
7454:
7450:
7442:
7438:
7423:
7419:
7412:
7398:
7391:
7384:
7370:
7363:
7352:
7348:
7338:
7336:
7327:
7326:
7322:
7303:
7299:
7289:
7287:
7278:
7277:
7273:
7263:
7261:
7252:
7251:
7247:
7237:
7235:
7226:
7225:
7221:
7214:
7198:
7194:
7184:
7182:
7178:
7163:10.1.1.139.6014
7145:
7139:
7135:
7104:
7100:
7084:
7080:
7070:
7068:
7064:
7057:
7049:
7045:
7038:
7024:
7020:
7013:
6999:
6995:
6940:
6936:
6905:
6901:
6850:
6846:
6839:
6823:
6819:
6807:
6803:
6793:
6791:
6778:
6777:
6773:
6754:
6748:
6741:
6737:
6732:
6722:
6714:
6712:
6708:
6701:
6697:
6692:
6675:
6671:
6666:
6662:
6645:
6641:
6634:
6620:
6616:
6611:
6607:
6597:
6595:
6591:
6584:
6576:
6572:
6561:
6554:
6543:
6539:
6532:
6518:
6511:
6505:Wayback Machine
6496:
6492:
6482:
6480:
6471:
6470:
6466:
6456:
6454:
6437:
6433:
6423:
6421:
6417:
6410:
6406:
6405:
6401:
6388:
6387:
6383:
6373:
6371:
6364:The Independent
6358:
6357:
6353:
6343:
6341:
6330:
6326:
6316:
6314:
6301:
6299:
6295:
6287:
6283:
6272:
6270:
6262:
6261:
6257:
6247:
6245:
6234:
6230:
6220:
6218:
6207:
6203:
6190:
6189:
6185:
6179:Wayback Machine
6170:
6163:
6153:
6151:
6140:
6136:
6131:Wayback Machine
6120:
6119:
6115:
6105:
6103:
6092:
6088:
6078:
6076:
6063:
6062:
6058:
6048:
6046:
6034:
6030:
6029:
6025:
6015:
6013:
5996:
5995:
5991:
5981:
5979:
5968:
5964:
5959:Wayback Machine
5949:
5942:
5932:
5930:
5913:
5912:
5905:
5895:
5893:
5889:
5882:
5876:
5872:
5862:
5860:
5849:
5845:
5835:
5833:
5829:
5822:
5818:
5817:
5813:
5803:
5801:
5790:
5789:
5785:
5775:
5771:
5764:
5750:
5746:
5739:
5725:
5721:
5704:
5703:
5699:
5692:
5678:
5674:
5664:
5662:
5653:
5652:
5648:
5638:
5636:
5623:
5622:
5618:
5608:
5606:
5597:
5596:
5589:
5582:
5568:
5564:
5551:
5550:
5546:
5535:
5519:
5512:
5502:
5500:
5487:
5486:
5482:
5474:Alice Roberts,
5473:
5469:
5460:
5456:
5447:
5443:
5439:
5431:Language family
5411:Celtic Congress
5387:
5219:valleys of the
5201:Ancient Belgian
5193:
5153:Scottish Gaelic
5125:
3963:core vocabulary
3955:
3860:
3852:
3619:
3617:Characteristics
3611:Calvert Watkins
3595:
3590:
3568:Gallo-Brittonic
3540:
3432:
3427:
3419:
3353:
3266:Gallo-Brittonic
3238:La TĂšne culture
3210:Gallo-Brittonic
3197:
3188:Scottish Gaelic
3156:, and the lost
3025:
3013:
3011:
2999:
2997:
2985:
2983:
2971:
2969:
2966:Scottish Gaelic
2957:
2955:
2943:
2909:
2900:Hiberno-English
2886:Beurla Reagaird
2882:
2880:Mixed languages
2806:
2766:
2761:
2736:
2716:Scottish Gaelic
2706:
2701:
2651:
2646:
2641:
2623:
2618:
2603:
2598:
2591:Chubut Province
2589:
2584:
2579:
2539:
2534:
2529:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2480:
2420:
2399:
2350:Scottish Gaelic
2335:
2214:Scottish Gaelic
2163:language family
2152:
2123:
2119:
2108:
2079:
2078:
2011:Marija Gimbutas
1999:
1989:
1988:
1980:Winter solstice
1970:Horse sacrifice
1941:
1934:
1920:
1913:
1906:
1892:
1885:
1878:
1871:
1864:
1817:
1802:
1789:
1775:
1768:
1754:
1745:
1732:
1725:
1718:
1709:
1700:
1679:
1648:
1640:
1639:
1582:
1569:
1544:
1537:
1530:
1523:
1516:
1478:
1471:
1464:
1455:
1437:
1424:
1411:
1382:
1376:
1361:
1353:
1352:
1326:
1303:
1290:
1278:
1259:
1201:
1178:
1140:
1133:
1127:
1118:
1111:
1102:
1100:Northern Europe
1081:
1077:
1064:
1051:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1001:
994:
987:
983:Steppe cultures
956:
949:
942:
934:
933:
924:Baltic homeland
898:
894:
890:Eurasian nomads
874:
870:
846:
838:
837:
808:Runic epigraphy
803:Latin epigraphy
758:
750:
749:
687:Proto-Anatolian
671:
626:
622:Thraco-Illyrian
607:Graeco-Phrygian
597:Graeco-Armenian
592:Graeco-Albanian
571:
549:
536:
527:
520:
513:
506:
499:
492:
485:
478:
445:
431:
424:
417:
403:
379:
372:
353:
338:
330:
328:
289:
288:
284:
282:
278:
276:
268:
266:
262:
260:
252:
235:
224:50= (phylozone)
223:
209:
180:(unclassified)
79:Chubut Province
41:
28:
27:Language family
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
11671:
11661:
11660:
11643:
11642:
11633:
11630:
11629:
11627:
11626:
11619:
11618:
11617:
11603:
11602:
11601:
11594:
11580:
11577:Proto-Hellenic
11573:
11572:
11571:
11561:Proto-Germanic
11557:
11550:
11549:
11548:
11541:
11527:
11524:Proto-Armenian
11520:
11513:
11510:Proto-Albanian
11506:
11498:
11496:
11490:
11489:
11487:
11486:
11479:
11472:
11465:
11458:
11451:
11444:
11437:
11430:
11425:
11420:
11414:
11412:
11408:
11407:
11405:
11404:
11397:
11391:
11389:
11381:
11380:
11378:
11377:
11370:
11369:
11368:
11357:
11355:
11349:
11348:
11346:
11345:
11340:
11335:
11330:
11323:
11321:
11315:
11314:
11312:
11311:
11306:
11304:North Germanic
11301:
11293:
11291:
11285:
11284:
11282:
11281:
11279:Insular Celtic
11276:
11268:
11266:
11260:
11259:
11256:
11255:
11253:
11252:
11247:
11242:
11236:
11234:
11228:
11227:
11225:
11224:
11217:
11212:
11209:Dnieper Baltic
11204:
11202:
11193:
11187:
11186:
11183:
11182:
11180:
11179:
11172:
11165:
11158:
11151:
11144:
11136:
11134:
11126:
11125:
11123:
11122:
11115:
11108:
11100:
11094:
11086:
11085:
11073:
11072:
11065:
11058:
11050:
11041:
11040:
11038:
11037:
11030:
11024:
11021:
11020:
11017:
11016:
11014:
11013:
11008:
11003:
10998:
10993:
10988:
10983:
10978:
10973:
10967:
10964:
10963:
10953:
10952:
10949:
10948:
10946:
10945:
10940:
10935:
10930:
10925:
10920:
10915:
10910:
10905:
10903:Gaelic warfare
10899:
10897:
10891:
10890:
10888:
10887:
10882:
10879:Cyfraith Hywel
10876:
10870:
10868:
10862:
10861:
10845:
10844:
10841:
10840:
10837:
10836:
10834:
10833:
10828:
10826:Deeside Gaelic
10823:
10817:
10815:
10808:
10807:
10805:
10804:
10799:
10797:Hispano-Celtic
10794:
10789:
10784:
10779:
10774:
10769:
10764:
10759:
10754:
10752:Proto-Goidelic
10749:
10744:
10738:
10736:
10727:
10721:
10720:
10718:
10717:
10712:
10707:
10701:
10699:
10693:
10692:
10690:
10689:
10684:
10679:
10673:
10671:
10665:
10664:
10662:
10661:
10656:
10651:
10645:
10643:
10637:
10636:
10624:
10623:
10620:
10619:
10617:
10616:
10611:
10606:
10604:Celtic society
10601:
10599:Celtic Revival
10596:
10591:
10585:
10583:
10577:
10576:
10574:
10573:
10567:United Ireland
10564:
10559:
10554:
10548:
10546:
10542:
10541:
10539:
10538:
10533:
10528:
10522:
10520:
10516:
10515:
10513:
10512:
10511:
10510:
10500:
10499:
10498:
10488:
10483:
10478:
10473:
10472:
10471:
10461:
10460:
10459:
10454:
10443:
10441:
10437:
10436:
10426:
10425:
10422:
10421:
10418:
10417:
10415:
10414:
10412:Welsh handball
10409:
10404:
10399:
10394:
10392:Highland games
10389:
10384:
10379:
10374:
10364:
10359:
10354:
10349:
10342:
10337:
10332:
10325:
10319:
10317:
10313:
10312:
10310:
10309:
10304:
10299:
10294:
10289:
10284:
10279:
10278:
10277:
10268:
10259:
10250:
10235:
10233:
10227:
10226:
10223:
10222:
10220:
10219:
10214:
10209:
10204:
10199:
10194:
10188:
10186:
10179:
10178:
10173:
10168:
10163:
10158:
10153:
10148:
10143:
10137:
10135:
10129:
10128:
10126:
10125:
10120:
10118:Gaelic culture
10114:
10112:
10108:
10107:
10105:
10104:
10099:
10097:Highland dress
10094:
10089:
10083:
10081:
10077:
10076:
10074:
10073:
10068:
10063:
10061:Pictish stones
10058:
10053:
10048:
10043:
10038:
10033:
10028:
10023:
10018:
10017:
10016:
10006:
10000:
9998:
9992:
9991:
9989:
9988:
9983:
9978:
9973:
9968:
9963:
9957:
9955:
9951:
9950:
9948:
9947:
9942:
9937:
9932:
9927:
9922:
9917:
9912:
9907:
9902:
9897:
9892:
9887:
9881:
9879:
9869:
9868:
9858:
9857:
9854:
9853:
9850:
9849:
9846:
9845:
9843:
9842:
9837:
9832:
9826:
9824:
9820:
9819:
9817:
9816:
9804:
9792:
9780:
9768:
9756:
9743:
9741:
9731:
9722:
9721:
9720:
9719:
9714:
9704:
9699:
9698:
9697:
9687:
9686:
9685:
9680:
9675:
9665:
9663:Celtic nations
9660:
9658:Celtic Revival
9654:
9651:
9650:
9638:
9637:
9634:
9633:
9631:
9630:
9625:
9615:
9610:
9605:
9600:
9595:
9590:
9585:
9580:
9575:
9570:
9565:
9560:
9555:
9550:
9545:
9540:
9535:
9530:
9525:
9520:
9514:
9512:
9508:
9507:
9505:
9504:
9499:
9494:
9489:
9484:
9479:
9473:
9471:
9467:
9466:
9464:
9463:
9458:
9453:
9448:
9443:
9438:
9433:
9431:Celtic Animism
9428:
9426:Celtic deities
9423:
9418:
9412:
9410:
9406:
9405:
9403:
9402:
9397:
9392:
9387:
9385:Cisalpine Gaul
9382:
9381:
9380:
9375:
9357:
9348:
9323:
9314:
9312:Gaelic Ireland
9308:
9306:
9302:
9301:
9289:
9288:
9281:
9279:
9276:
9275:
9273:
9272:
9267:
9262:
9257:
9252:
9247:
9242:
9237:
9232:
9227:
9222:
9217:
9212:
9210:Manx Americans
9207:
9202:
9197:
9192:
9187:
9185:Irish Chileans
9182:
9177:
9172:
9167:
9162:
9157:
9152:
9150:English people
9147:
9142:
9137:
9132:
9127:
9121:
9119:
9115:
9114:
9112:
9111:
9109:Welsh diaspora
9106:
9101:
9099:Irish diaspora
9096:
9090:
9088:
9084:
9083:
9081:
9080:
9079:
9078:
9077:
9076:
9065:
9060:
9059:
9058:
9042:
9037:
9032:
9026:
9024:
9018:
9017:
9015:
9014:
9009:
9004:
8999:
8994:
8989:
8984:
8979:
8974:
8969:
8964:
8959:
8953:
8951:
8939:
8938:
8926:
8925:
8906:Celtic studies
8898:Celtic nations
8896:
8893:
8892:
8881:
8880:
8873:
8866:
8858:
8849:
8848:
8839:
8836:
8835:
8833:
8832:
8827:
8822:
8816:
8810:
8804:
8797:
8795:
8791:
8790:
8788:
8787:
8781:
8775:
8769:
8763:
8757:
8754:Lower Brittany
8750:
8748:
8744:
8743:
8741:
8740:
8735:
8729:
8727:
8721:
8720:
8718:
8717:
8714:Paleo-Hispanic
8705:
8693:
8681:
8673:
8661:
8652:
8650:
8646:
8645:
8642:
8641:
8639:
8638:
8637:
8636:
8624:
8619:
8618:
8617:
8604:
8597:
8590:
8578:
8570:
8568:
8562:
8561:
8558:
8557:
8555:
8554:
8546:
8544:
8540:
8539:
8537:
8536:
8535:
8534:
8527:
8515:
8507:
8505:
8499:
8498:
8496:
8495:
8490:
8484:
8482:
8476:
8475:
8473:
8472:
8464:
8462:
8455:
8444:
8442:Insular Celtic
8438:
8437:
8435:
8434:
8427:
8420:
8419:
8418:
8411:
8401:Hispano-Celtic
8397:
8396:
8395:
8381:
8373:
8371:
8363:
8362:
8360:
8359:
8351:
8349:
8345:
8344:
8337:
8336:
8329:
8322:
8314:
8308:
8307:
8301:
8296:
8282:
8281:External links
8279:
8278:
8277:
8251:(1): 123â152.
8236:
8190:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8154:
8148:
8135:
8129:
8113:
8107:
8094:
8088:
8075:
8069:
8056:
8050:
8037:
8024:
8005:
7999:
7986:
7937:
7884:
7878:
7872:
7856:
7841:
7825:
7823:
7820:
7818:
7817:
7806:
7783:
7742:
7735:
7717:
7710:
7688:
7681:
7661:
7640:
7628:
7617:
7597:
7548:
7525:10.1086/424697
7519:(4): 693â702.
7499:
7448:
7436:
7417:
7410:
7389:
7382:
7361:
7346:
7335:on 18 May 2013
7320:
7297:
7271:
7245:
7219:
7212:
7192:
7133:
7098:
7078:
7060:. p. 11.
7043:
7036:
7018:
7011:
6993:
6934:
6915:(2): 120â127.
6899:
6844:
6837:
6817:
6801:
6771:
6669:
6660:
6639:
6632:
6614:
6605:
6587:. p. 12.
6570:
6552:
6537:
6530:
6509:
6490:
6475:. Ethnologue.
6464:
6431:
6399:
6381:
6351:
6324:
6293:
6281:
6255:
6228:
6201:
6183:
6161:
6134:
6113:
6086:
6056:
6023:
5989:
5978:on 20 May 2011
5962:
5940:
5903:
5870:
5843:
5832:on 25 May 2013
5811:
5783:
5769:
5762:
5744:
5737:
5719:
5710:Irish Examiner
5697:
5690:
5672:
5657:. Ethnologue.
5646:
5616:
5605:on 4 July 2009
5587:
5580:
5562:
5544:
5533:
5510:
5480:
5467:
5454:
5440:
5438:
5435:
5434:
5433:
5428:
5423:
5418:
5413:
5408:
5403:
5401:Celts (modern)
5398:
5393:
5386:
5383:
5382:
5381:
5365:
5325:
5251:
5231:
5224:
5204:
5192:
5189:
5188:
5187:
5178:
5169:
5160:
5150:
5141:
5124:
5121:
5116:
5115:
5108:
5101:
5094:
5080:
5073:
5066:
5062:
5061:
5054:
5047:
5040:
5033:
5026:
5019:
5015:
5014:
5007:
5000:
4993:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4968:
4967:
4960:
4953:
4946:
4939:
4932:
4925:
4921:
4920:
4913:
4910:fiacaill, deud
4906:
4893:
4886:
4879:
4872:
4868:
4867:
4860:
4853:
4846:
4839:
4832:
4825:
4821:
4820:
4813:
4810:reult, rionnag
4806:
4799:
4792:
4785:
4778:
4774:
4773:
4766:
4759:
4752:
4745:
4738:
4731:
4727:
4726:
4719:
4716:bianne, leachd
4712:
4709:bainne, leacht
4705:
4698:
4691:
4684:
4680:
4679:
4672:
4665:
4658:
4651:
4644:
4637:
4633:
4632:
4625:
4618:
4611:
4604:
4597:
4590:
4586:
4585:
4578:
4571:
4564:
4557:
4550:
4543:
4539:
4538:
4531:
4524:
4517:
4510:
4503:
4496:
4492:
4491:
4484:
4477:
4470:
4463:
4456:
4449:
4445:
4444:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4416:
4409:
4402:
4398:
4397:
4390:
4383:
4376:
4369:
4362:
4355:
4351:
4350:
4343:
4336:
4329:
4322:
4315:
4308:
4304:
4303:
4296:
4289:
4282:
4275:
4268:
4261:
4257:
4256:
4249:
4242:
4235:
4228:
4221:
4214:
4210:
4209:
4202:
4195:
4175:
4168:
4161:
4154:
4150:
4149:
4142:
4135:
4128:
4121:
4114:
4107:
4103:
4102:
4095:
4088:
4081:
4074:
4067:
4060:
4056:
4055:
4052:
4046:
4040:
4037:
4034:
4030:
4029:
4026:
4023:
3954:
3951:
3950:
3949:
3948:
3947:
3938:
3919:("five") plus
3894:
3884:
3883:
3882:
3881:
3878:
3864:
3847:the result of
3822:
3809:
3808:
3805:
3802:
3795:
3789:
3778:
3777:
3776:
3767:
3758:
3754:Yma kath dhymm
3742:
3739:
3738:
3737:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3708:
3707:
3706:
3699:"I teach" vs.
3691:
3684:"I teach" vs.
3666:
3663:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3642:
3635:
3629:
3618:
3615:
3594:
3591:
3589:
3588:
3587:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3565:
3556:
3539:
3538:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3534:
3533:
3532:
3531:
3530:
3525:
3518:Insular Celtic
3515:
3503:
3484:
3483:
3482:
3474:
3461:Hispano-Celtic
3452:
3440:areal features
3431:
3428:
3424:
3423:
3418:
3417:
3416:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3408:
3395:
3394:
3393:
3388:
3380:
3363:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3349:
3348:
3347:
3342:
3335:Insular Celtic
3332:
3331:
3330:
3322:
3314:
3292:
3280:
3206:Insular Celtic
3196:
3193:
3192:
3191:
3173:
3131:
3109:
3087:
3065:
3012:
2998:
2984:
2970:
2956:
2942:
2939:Celtic nations
2908:
2907:Classification
2905:
2904:
2903:
2889:
2881:
2878:
2875:
2874:
2868:
2859:
2854:
2851:
2848:
2843:
2830:
2824:
2823:
2817:
2801:
2796:
2793:
2790:
2785:
2778:
2772:
2771:
2755:
2746:
2741:
2733:
2732:57,375 (2011)
2730:
2725:
2718:
2712:
2711:
2695:
2686:
2681:
2678:
2675:
2670:
2663:
2657:
2656:
2635:
2613:
2608:
2572:
2569:
2564:
2551:
2545:
2544:
2523:
2514:
2503:
2495:United Kingdom
2482:
2477:
2472:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2429:
2424:
2422:(still spoken)
2419:Area of origin
2417:
2414:
2411:
2408:
2405:
2398:
2395:
2390:Revitalisation
2388:respectively.
2338:SIL Ethnologue
2334:
2331:
2245:European Union
2233:revitalisation
2220:, and the two
2110:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2062:
2055:
2048:
2040:
2039:
2033:
2032:
2026:
2025:
2019:
2018:
2013:
2007:
2006:
2000:
1995:
1994:
1991:
1990:
1987:
1986:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1965:Fire sacrifice
1961:
1960:
1954:
1953:
1948:
1947:
1946:
1939:
1927:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1911:
1899:
1898:
1897:
1890:
1883:
1876:
1869:
1857:
1852:
1847:
1810:
1809:
1797:
1796:
1795:
1794:
1782:
1781:
1780:
1773:
1761:
1760:
1759:
1756:Zoroastrianism
1738:
1737:
1730:
1723:
1716:
1715:
1714:
1693:
1692:
1686:
1685:
1678:
1677:
1672:
1667:
1662:
1656:
1655:
1649:
1646:
1645:
1642:
1641:
1638:
1637:
1626:
1625:
1623:Medieval India
1614:
1613:
1608:
1599:
1594:
1589:
1577:
1576:
1564:
1563:
1557:
1556:
1551:
1550:
1549:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1521:
1505:
1500:
1498:Italic peoples
1495:
1490:
1485:
1484:
1483:
1476:
1469:
1450:
1449:
1444:
1432:
1431:
1419:
1418:
1406:
1405:
1399:
1398:
1393:
1388:
1383:
1369:
1368:
1362:
1359:
1358:
1355:
1354:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1334:
1333:
1321:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1298:
1297:
1285:
1284:
1277:
1276:
1274:Gandhara grave
1271:
1266:
1254:
1253:
1248:
1243:
1238:
1233:
1228:
1223:
1218:
1213:
1208:
1196:
1195:
1190:
1185:
1173:
1172:
1167:
1162:
1157:
1152:
1147:
1135:
1134:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1120:Middle Dnieper
1116:
1097:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1075:Eastern Europe
1072:
1071:
1059:
1058:
1046:
1045:
1044:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1020:
1013:
1006:
1003:DnieperâDonets
999:
992:
980:
978:Kurgan culture
975:
974:
973:
963:
951:
950:
943:
940:
939:
936:
935:
932:
931:
926:
921:
916:
914:Beech argument
911:
906:
900:
899:
893:
892:
887:
882:
876:
875:
869:
868:
863:
858:
853:
847:
844:
843:
840:
839:
836:
835:
830:
825:
820:
815:
810:
805:
800:
795:
790:
785:
780:
775:
770:
765:
759:
756:
755:
752:
751:
748:
747:
737:
723:
718:
704:
697:Proto-Germanic
694:
692:Proto-Armenian
689:
684:
682:Proto-Albanian
678:
677:
670:
669:
664:
659:
654:
649:
644:
639:
633:
632:
625:
624:
619:
614:
609:
604:
599:
594:
589:
584:
578:
577:
570:
569:
568:
567:
543:
542:
535:
534:
533:
532:
525:
518:
511:
504:
497:
490:
483:
471:
466:
460:
459:
453:
452:
451:
450:
438:
437:
436:
429:
422:
410:
409:
408:
396:
391:
386:
385:
384:
377:
365:
360:
359:
358:
345:
344:
337:
336:
329:
324:
323:
320:
319:
311:
310:
304:
303:
291:
290:
283:
277:
267:
261:
251:
249:
241:
240:
233:
227:
226:
221:
215:
214:
207:
197:
196:
195:
194:
189:
184:
174:
165:
157:
149:
141:
131:
127:
126:
121:
120:Proto-language
117:
116:
115:
114:
113:
112:
96:
90:
89:
43:
37:
36:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
11670:
11659:
11656:
11655:
11653:
11640:
11636:
11631:
11625:
11624:
11620:
11616:
11615:
11614:Proto-Romance
11611:
11610:
11609:
11608:
11604:
11600:
11599:
11598:Proto-Iranian
11595:
11593:
11592:
11588:
11587:
11586:
11585:
11581:
11579:
11578:
11574:
11570:
11569:
11565:
11564:
11563:
11562:
11558:
11556:
11555:
11551:
11547:
11546:
11542:
11540:
11539:
11535:
11534:
11533:
11532:
11528:
11526:
11525:
11521:
11519:
11518:
11514:
11512:
11511:
11507:
11505:
11504:
11500:
11499:
11497:
11495:
11491:
11485:
11484:
11480:
11478:
11477:
11473:
11471:
11470:
11466:
11464:
11463:
11459:
11457:
11456:
11452:
11450:
11449:
11445:
11443:
11442:
11438:
11436:
11435:
11431:
11429:
11426:
11424:
11421:
11419:
11416:
11415:
11413:
11409:
11403:
11402:
11398:
11396:
11393:
11392:
11390:
11388:
11387:
11382:
11376:
11375:
11371:
11367:
11364:
11363:
11362:
11359:
11358:
11356:
11354:
11350:
11344:
11341:
11339:
11336:
11334:
11331:
11328:
11325:
11324:
11322:
11320:
11316:
11310:
11309:West Germanic
11307:
11305:
11302:
11300:
11299:
11298:East Germanic
11295:
11294:
11292:
11290:
11286:
11280:
11277:
11275:
11274:
11270:
11269:
11267:
11265:
11261:
11251:
11248:
11246:
11243:
11241:
11238:
11237:
11235:
11233:
11229:
11223:
11222:
11218:
11216:
11213:
11211:
11210:
11206:
11205:
11203:
11201:
11197:
11194:
11192:
11188:
11178:
11177:
11173:
11171:
11170:
11166:
11164:
11163:
11159:
11157:
11156:
11152:
11150:
11149:
11145:
11143:
11142:
11138:
11137:
11135:
11133:
11132:
11127:
11121:
11120:
11116:
11114:
11113:
11109:
11107:
11106:
11102:
11101:
11098:
11095:
11093:
11092:
11087:
11082:
11078:
11071:
11066:
11064:
11059:
11057:
11052:
11051:
11048:
11035:
11031:
11029:
11026:
11025:
11022:
11012:
11011:â in Portugal
11009:
11007:
11004:
11002:
10999:
10997:
10994:
10992:
10991:â in Galician
10989:
10987:
10984:
10982:
10979:
10977:
10974:
10972:
10969:
10968:
10965:
10958:
10954:
10944:
10941:
10939:
10936:
10934:
10931:
10929:
10926:
10924:
10921:
10919:
10916:
10914:
10911:
10909:
10906:
10904:
10901:
10900:
10898:
10896:
10892:
10886:
10883:
10880:
10877:
10875:
10872:
10871:
10869:
10867:
10863:
10859:
10855:
10850:
10846:
10832:
10829:
10827:
10824:
10822:
10819:
10818:
10816:
10813:
10809:
10803:
10800:
10798:
10795:
10793:
10790:
10788:
10785:
10783:
10780:
10778:
10775:
10773:
10770:
10768:
10765:
10763:
10760:
10758:
10755:
10753:
10750:
10748:
10745:
10743:
10740:
10739:
10737:
10735:
10731:
10728:
10726:
10722:
10716:
10713:
10711:
10708:
10706:
10703:
10702:
10700:
10698:
10694:
10688:
10685:
10683:
10680:
10678:
10675:
10674:
10672:
10670:
10666:
10660:
10657:
10655:
10652:
10650:
10647:
10646:
10644:
10642:
10638:
10634:
10629:
10625:
10615:
10612:
10610:
10607:
10605:
10602:
10600:
10597:
10595:
10592:
10590:
10589:Celtic League
10587:
10586:
10584:
10582:
10581:Pan-Celticism
10578:
10572:
10568:
10565:
10563:
10560:
10558:
10555:
10553:
10550:
10549:
10547:
10543:
10537:
10534:
10532:
10529:
10527:
10524:
10523:
10521:
10517:
10509:
10506:
10505:
10504:
10501:
10497:
10494:
10493:
10492:
10489:
10487:
10484:
10482:
10479:
10477:
10474:
10470:
10467:
10466:
10465:
10462:
10458:
10457:reunification
10455:
10453:
10450:
10449:
10448:
10445:
10444:
10442:
10438:
10431:
10427:
10413:
10410:
10408:
10405:
10403:
10400:
10398:
10395:
10393:
10390:
10388:
10385:
10383:
10380:
10378:
10375:
10372:
10368:
10365:
10363:
10360:
10358:
10355:
10353:
10350:
10348:
10347:
10343:
10341:
10338:
10336:
10333:
10331:
10330:
10326:
10324:
10321:
10320:
10318:
10314:
10308:
10305:
10303:
10300:
10298:
10295:
10293:
10290:
10288:
10285:
10283:
10280:
10276:
10272:
10269:
10267:
10263:
10260:
10258:
10254:
10251:
10249:
10245:
10242:
10241:
10240:
10237:
10236:
10234:
10232:
10228:
10218:
10215:
10213:
10210:
10208:
10205:
10203:
10200:
10198:
10195:
10193:
10190:
10189:
10187:
10183:
10177:
10174:
10172:
10169:
10167:
10164:
10162:
10159:
10157:
10154:
10152:
10149:
10147:
10144:
10142:
10139:
10138:
10136:
10134:
10130:
10124:
10121:
10119:
10116:
10115:
10113:
10109:
10103:
10100:
10098:
10095:
10093:
10090:
10088:
10085:
10084:
10082:
10078:
10072:
10071:Triple spiral
10069:
10067:
10064:
10062:
10059:
10057:
10054:
10052:
10049:
10047:
10044:
10042:
10039:
10037:
10034:
10032:
10029:
10027:
10024:
10022:
10019:
10015:
10012:
10011:
10010:
10007:
10005:
10002:
10001:
9999:
9997:
9993:
9987:
9984:
9982:
9979:
9977:
9974:
9972:
9969:
9967:
9964:
9962:
9959:
9958:
9956:
9952:
9946:
9943:
9941:
9938:
9936:
9933:
9931:
9928:
9926:
9923:
9921:
9918:
9916:
9913:
9911:
9908:
9906:
9903:
9901:
9898:
9896:
9893:
9891:
9890:Bardic Poetry
9888:
9886:
9883:
9882:
9880:
9878:
9874:
9870:
9863:
9859:
9841:
9838:
9836:
9833:
9831:
9828:
9827:
9825:
9821:
9813:
9808:
9805:
9801:
9796:
9793:
9789:
9784:
9781:
9777:
9772:
9769:
9765:
9760:
9757:
9753:
9748:
9745:
9744:
9742:
9739:
9738:Celtic League
9735:
9732:
9730:
9726:
9718:
9715:
9713:
9710:
9709:
9708:
9705:
9703:
9700:
9696:
9693:
9692:
9691:
9688:
9684:
9681:
9679:
9678:Celtic League
9676:
9674:
9671:
9670:
9669:
9668:Pan-Celticism
9666:
9664:
9661:
9659:
9656:
9655:
9652:
9648:
9643:
9639:
9629:
9626:
9623:
9619:
9616:
9614:
9611:
9609:
9606:
9604:
9601:
9599:
9596:
9594:
9591:
9589:
9586:
9584:
9581:
9579:
9576:
9574:
9571:
9569:
9568:Gaelicisation
9566:
9564:
9561:
9559:
9556:
9554:
9551:
9549:
9546:
9544:
9543:Celticisation
9541:
9539:
9536:
9534:
9531:
9529:
9526:
9524:
9521:
9519:
9516:
9515:
9513:
9509:
9503:
9500:
9498:
9495:
9493:
9490:
9488:
9485:
9483:
9480:
9478:
9475:
9474:
9472:
9468:
9462:
9459:
9457:
9454:
9452:
9449:
9447:
9444:
9442:
9439:
9437:
9434:
9432:
9429:
9427:
9424:
9422:
9419:
9417:
9414:
9413:
9411:
9407:
9401:
9398:
9396:
9393:
9391:
9388:
9386:
9383:
9379:
9376:
9374:
9370:
9366:
9363:
9362:
9361:
9358:
9356:
9352:
9351:Iron Age Gaul
9349:
9347:
9343:
9339:
9335:
9334:Roman Britain
9331:
9327:
9324:
9322:
9318:
9315:
9313:
9310:
9309:
9307:
9303:
9299:
9294:
9290:
9285:
9271:
9268:
9266:
9263:
9261:
9258:
9256:
9253:
9251:
9248:
9246:
9243:
9241:
9238:
9236:
9233:
9231:
9228:
9226:
9223:
9221:
9218:
9216:
9213:
9211:
9208:
9206:
9203:
9201:
9198:
9196:
9193:
9191:
9190:Irish Mexican
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9176:
9173:
9171:
9168:
9166:
9163:
9161:
9158:
9156:
9153:
9151:
9148:
9146:
9143:
9141:
9138:
9136:
9133:
9131:
9128:
9126:
9123:
9122:
9120:
9116:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9095:
9092:
9091:
9089:
9085:
9075:
9071:
9070:
9069:
9066:
9064:
9061:
9057:
9053:
9052:
9051:
9048:
9047:
9046:
9043:
9041:
9038:
9036:
9033:
9031:
9028:
9027:
9025:
9023:
9019:
9013:
9010:
9008:
9005:
9003:
9000:
8998:
8995:
8993:
8990:
8988:
8985:
8983:
8980:
8978:
8975:
8973:
8970:
8968:
8965:
8963:
8960:
8958:
8955:
8954:
8952:
8949:
8944:
8940:
8936:
8931:
8927:
8923:
8919:
8915:
8914:Celtic tribes
8911:
8907:
8903:
8899:
8894:
8890:
8886:
8879:
8874:
8872:
8867:
8865:
8860:
8859:
8856:
8846:
8842:
8837:
8831:
8828:
8826:
8823:
8820:
8817:
8814:
8811:
8808:
8805:
8802:
8799:
8798:
8796:
8792:
8785:
8784:Y Fro Gymraeg
8782:
8779:
8778:GĂ idhealtachd
8776:
8773:
8770:
8767:
8764:
8761:
8758:
8755:
8752:
8751:
8749:
8745:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8731:
8730:
8728:
8726:
8722:
8715:
8711:
8710:
8706:
8703:
8699:
8698:
8694:
8691:
8687:
8686:
8682:
8679:
8678:
8674:
8671:
8667:
8666:
8662:
8659:
8658:
8654:
8653:
8651:
8647:
8635:
8634:
8630:
8629:
8628:
8625:
8623:
8620:
8616:
8615:
8610:
8609:
8605:
8603:
8602:
8598:
8596:
8595:
8591:
8589:
8588:
8584:
8583:
8582:
8579:
8577:
8576:
8572:
8571:
8569:
8567:
8563:
8553:
8552:
8548:
8547:
8545:
8541:
8533:
8532:
8528:
8526:
8525:
8521:
8520:
8519:
8516:
8514:
8513:
8509:
8508:
8506:
8504:
8500:
8494:
8491:
8489:
8486:
8485:
8483:
8481:
8477:
8471:
8470:
8466:
8465:
8463:
8461:Reconstructed
8459:
8456:
8452:
8448:
8445:
8443:
8439:
8433:
8432:
8428:
8426:
8425:
8421:
8417:
8416:
8412:
8410:
8409:
8405:
8404:
8403:
8402:
8398:
8394:
8393:
8389:
8388:
8387:
8386:
8382:
8380:
8379:
8375:
8374:
8372:
8370:
8369:
8364:
8358:
8357:
8353:
8352:
8350:
8348:Reconstructed
8346:
8342:
8335:
8330:
8328:
8323:
8321:
8316:
8315:
8312:
8305:
8302:
8300:
8297:
8295:
8291:
8288:
8285:
8284:
8274:
8270:
8266:
8262:
8258:
8254:
8250:
8246:
8242:
8237:
8232:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8213:
8208:
8205:(3): 511â29.
8204:
8200:
8196:
8191:
8185:
8180:
8177:(1): 145â72.
8176:
8172:
8168:
8163:
8162:
8151:
8149:3-85124-692-6
8145:
8141:
8136:
8132:
8130:90-5183-820-4
8126:
8122:
8118:
8114:
8110:
8108:0-09-693260-0
8104:
8100:
8095:
8091:
8085:
8081:
8076:
8072:
8070:0-901519-40-5
8066:
8062:
8057:
8053:
8051:3-85124-613-6
8047:
8043:
8038:
8034:
8030:
8025:
8022:
8021:3-525-26102-0
8018:
8014:
8010:
8006:
8002:
8000:0-415-04339-5
7996:
7993:. Routledge.
7992:
7987:
7983:
7979:
7975:
7971:
7967:
7963:
7959:
7955:
7951:
7947:
7943:
7938:
7934:
7930:
7925:
7920:
7915:
7910:
7906:
7902:
7898:
7894:
7890:
7885:
7882:
7879:
7875:
7873:3-920153-40-5
7869:
7865:
7861:
7857:
7854:
7850:
7846:
7842:
7839:
7838:0-415-01035-7
7835:
7831:
7827:
7826:
7813:
7809:
7803:
7799:
7798:
7790:
7788:
7768:
7764:
7760:
7753:
7746:
7738:
7732:
7728:
7721:
7713:
7711:9780801403736
7707:
7702:
7701:
7692:
7684:
7682:9781851094400
7678:
7674:
7673:
7665:
7659:
7656:
7652:
7649:
7644:
7637:
7632:
7624:
7620:
7618:84-7800-968-X
7614:
7610:
7609:
7601:
7593:
7589:
7584:
7579:
7575:
7571:
7567:
7563:
7559:
7552:
7544:
7540:
7535:
7530:
7526:
7522:
7518:
7514:
7510:
7503:
7495:
7491:
7487:
7483:
7479:
7475:
7471:
7467:
7463:
7459:
7452:
7445:
7440:
7432:
7428:
7427:Studi Celtici
7421:
7413:
7411:0-19-280418-9
7407:
7403:
7396:
7394:
7385:
7379:
7375:
7368:
7366:
7357:
7350:
7334:
7330:
7324:
7316:
7312:
7308:
7301:
7285:
7281:
7275:
7259:
7255:
7249:
7233:
7229:
7223:
7215:
7209:
7205:
7204:
7196:
7177:
7173:
7169:
7164:
7159:
7156:(1): 59â129.
7155:
7151:
7144:
7137:
7129:
7125:
7121:
7117:
7113:
7107:
7102:
7096:
7095:9781138969995
7092:
7089:. Routledge.
7088:
7082:
7063:
7056:
7055:
7047:
7039:
7033:
7029:
7022:
7014:
7008:
7004:
6997:
6989:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6961:
6957:
6953:
6949:
6945:
6938:
6930:
6926:
6922:
6918:
6914:
6910:
6903:
6895:
6891:
6887:
6883:
6879:
6875:
6871:
6867:
6863:
6859:
6855:
6848:
6840:
6834:
6830:
6829:
6821:
6815:
6811:
6805:
6789:
6785:
6781:
6775:
6768:
6764:
6758:
6747:
6740:
6736:
6726:
6707:
6700:
6696:
6688:
6684:
6683:
6678:
6673:
6664:
6657:
6656:84-7800-530-7
6653:
6649:
6643:
6635:
6633:84-7800-818-7
6629:
6625:
6618:
6609:
6590:
6583:
6582:
6574:
6566:
6559:
6557:
6548:
6541:
6533:
6531:3-85124-692-6
6527:
6523:
6516:
6514:
6506:
6502:
6499:
6494:
6478:
6474:
6468:
6452:
6448:
6447:
6442:
6435:
6416:
6409:
6403:
6395:
6391:
6385:
6369:
6365:
6361:
6355:
6339:
6335:
6328:
6312:
6308:
6304:
6297:
6291:
6285:
6269:
6265:
6259:
6243:
6239:
6232:
6216:
6212:
6205:
6197:
6193:
6187:
6180:
6176:
6173:
6168:
6166:
6149:
6145:
6138:
6132:
6128:
6125:
6117:
6101:
6097:
6090:
6074:
6070:
6066:
6060:
6044:
6040:
6033:
6027:
6011:
6007:
6003:
5999:
5993:
5977:
5973:
5966:
5960:
5956:
5953:
5947:
5945:
5928:
5924:
5920:
5916:
5910:
5908:
5888:
5881:
5874:
5858:
5854:
5847:
5828:
5821:
5815:
5799:
5798:
5797:TheJournal.ie
5793:
5787:
5780:
5773:
5765:
5763:1-85918-208-9
5759:
5755:
5748:
5740:
5738:1-55619-347-5
5734:
5730:
5723:
5715:
5711:
5707:
5701:
5693:
5687:
5683:
5676:
5660:
5656:
5650:
5634:
5630:
5626:
5620:
5604:
5600:
5594:
5592:
5583:
5581:0-85025-371-3
5577:
5573:
5566:
5558:
5554:
5548:
5540:
5536:
5534:9781851094400
5530:
5526:
5525:
5517:
5515:
5498:
5494:
5490:
5484:
5477:
5471:
5464:
5458:
5451:
5445:
5441:
5432:
5429:
5427:
5424:
5422:
5419:
5417:
5416:Celtic League
5414:
5412:
5409:
5407:
5404:
5402:
5399:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5388:
5379:
5375:
5371:
5370:
5366:
5363:
5359:
5358:Indo-European
5355:
5351:
5347:
5343:
5339:
5335:
5331:
5330:
5326:
5323:
5319:
5315:
5311:
5307:
5303:
5299:
5295:
5291:
5287:
5282:
5277:
5273:
5269:
5265:
5261:
5257:
5256:
5252:
5249:
5245:
5241:
5237:
5236:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5225:
5222:
5218:
5214:
5210:
5209:
5205:
5203:
5202:
5198:
5197:
5196:
5186:
5182:
5179:
5177:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5164:
5161:
5159:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5145:
5142:
5140:
5136:
5133:
5132:
5131:
5130:
5120:
5113:
5109:
5106:
5102:
5099:
5095:
5091:
5085:
5081:
5078:
5074:
5071:
5067:
5065:time, weather
5063:
5059:
5055:
5052:
5048:
5045:
5041:
5038:
5034:
5031:
5027:
5024:
5020:
5016:
5012:
5008:
5005:
5001:
4998:
4994:
4991:
4987:
4984:
4980:
4977:
4973:
4969:
4965:
4961:
4958:
4954:
4951:
4947:
4944:
4940:
4937:
4933:
4930:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4914:
4911:
4907:
4904:
4898:
4894:
4891:
4887:
4884:
4880:
4877:
4873:
4869:
4865:
4861:
4858:
4854:
4851:
4847:
4844:
4840:
4837:
4833:
4830:
4826:
4822:
4818:
4814:
4811:
4807:
4804:
4800:
4797:
4793:
4790:
4786:
4783:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4767:
4764:
4760:
4757:
4753:
4750:
4746:
4743:
4739:
4736:
4732:
4728:
4724:
4720:
4717:
4713:
4710:
4706:
4703:
4699:
4696:
4692:
4689:
4685:
4681:
4677:
4673:
4670:
4666:
4663:
4659:
4656:
4652:
4649:
4645:
4642:
4638:
4634:
4630:
4626:
4623:
4619:
4616:
4612:
4609:
4605:
4602:
4598:
4595:
4591:
4587:
4583:
4579:
4576:
4572:
4569:
4565:
4562:
4558:
4555:
4551:
4548:
4544:
4540:
4536:
4532:
4529:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4511:
4508:
4504:
4501:
4497:
4493:
4489:
4485:
4482:
4478:
4475:
4471:
4468:
4464:
4461:
4457:
4454:
4450:
4446:
4442:
4438:
4435:
4431:
4428:
4424:
4421:
4417:
4414:
4410:
4407:
4403:
4399:
4395:
4391:
4388:
4384:
4381:
4377:
4374:
4370:
4367:
4363:
4360:
4356:
4352:
4348:
4344:
4341:
4337:
4334:
4330:
4327:
4323:
4320:
4316:
4313:
4309:
4305:
4301:
4297:
4294:
4290:
4287:
4283:
4280:
4276:
4273:
4269:
4266:
4262:
4258:
4254:
4250:
4247:
4243:
4240:
4236:
4233:
4229:
4226:
4222:
4219:
4215:
4211:
4207:
4203:
4200:
4196:
4192:
4186:
4180:
4176:
4173:
4169:
4166:
4162:
4159:
4155:
4151:
4147:
4143:
4140:
4136:
4133:
4129:
4126:
4122:
4119:
4115:
4112:
4108:
4104:
4100:
4096:
4093:
4089:
4086:
4082:
4079:
4075:
4072:
4068:
4065:
4061:
4057:
4053:
4051:
4047:
4045:
4031:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4010:
4006:
4002:
3998:
3993:
3983:
3979:
3975:
3972:
3968:
3964:
3960:
3944:
3939:
3935:
3929:
3923:
3917:
3911:
3905:
3901:
3900:
3899:
3895:
3893:
3889:
3886:
3885:
3879:
3875:
3869:
3865:
3858:
3850:
3845:
3839:
3833:
3829:
3828:
3827:
3823:
3821:
3817:
3814:
3813:
3812:
3806:
3803:
3800:
3799:demonstrative
3796:
3794:
3790:
3787:
3783:
3779:
3773:
3768:
3764:
3759:
3755:
3750:
3749:
3747:
3743:
3740:
3735:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3724:
3722:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3709:
3703:
3697:
3692:
3688:
3682:
3677:
3676:
3675:
3671:
3667:
3664:
3661:
3655:
3650:
3649:
3647:
3643:
3640:
3636:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3614:
3612:
3608:
3604:
3600:
3599:Indo-European
3583:
3580:
3574:
3571:
3570:
3569:
3566:
3564:
3561:
3560:
3558:
3557:
3555:
3553:
3550:
3546:
3529:
3526:
3524:
3521:
3520:
3519:
3516:
3510:
3507:
3506:
3504:
3499:
3495:
3491:
3488:
3487:
3485:
3478:
3475:
3470:
3467:
3466:
3462:
3459:
3458:
3457:
3454:
3453:
3451:
3449:
3445:
3441:
3437:
3422:
3412:
3409:
3404:
3401:
3400:
3399:
3396:
3392:
3389:
3384:
3381:
3376:
3373:
3372:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3364:
3362:
3360:
3355:
3346:
3343:
3341:
3338:
3337:
3336:
3333:
3326:
3323:
3318:
3315:
3310:
3307:
3306:
3302:
3299:
3298:
3297:
3294:
3293:
3291:
3289:
3284:
3283:
3279:
3276:
3273:
3269:
3267:
3263:
3259:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3241:
3239:
3235:
3231:
3225:
3221:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3207:
3203:
3189:
3185:
3181:
3177:
3174:
3171:
3167:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3151:
3147:
3143:
3139:
3138:Great Britain
3135:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3121:
3118:and possibly
3117:
3113:
3110:
3107:
3103:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:and south of
3077:
3073:
3069:
3066:
3063:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3036:
3031:
3023:
3019:
3009:
3005:
2995:
2991:
2981:
2977:
2967:
2963:
2953:
2949:
2940:
2935:
2929:
2924:
2918:
2913:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2883:
2872:
2869:
2865:
2860:
2858:
2855:
2852:
2849:
2847:
2844:
2841:
2835:
2831:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2809:
2805:
2802:
2800:
2797:
2794:
2791:
2789:
2786:
2783:
2779:
2777:
2773:
2769:
2764:
2759:
2756:
2752:
2747:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2719:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2696:
2692:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2671:
2668:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2636:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2614:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2600:United States
2596:
2592:
2587:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2556:
2552:
2550:
2546:
2542:
2537:
2532:
2527:
2524:
2520:
2515:
2513:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2501:
2500:United States
2496:
2491:
2487:
2483:
2479:40,000â80,000
2478:
2476:
2473:
2471:
2469:
2463:
2457:
2450:
2444:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2402:
2394:
2391:
2387:
2383:
2379:
2375:
2371:
2367:
2363:
2359:
2355:
2351:
2347:
2343:
2339:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2320:
2316:
2312:
2311:Paleohispanic
2308:
2304:
2300:
2295:
2293:
2289:
2285:
2281:
2277:
2273:
2269:
2265:
2261:
2256:
2254:
2250:
2246:
2242:
2238:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2215:
2211:
2207:
2203:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2188:
2184:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2164:
2161:
2160:Indo-European
2157:
2156:
2147:
2117:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2082:
2075:
2074:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2063:
2061:
2060:
2056:
2054:
2053:
2049:
2047:
2046:
2042:
2041:
2038:
2035:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2027:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2017:
2016:J. P. Mallory
2014:
2012:
2009:
2008:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1998:
1993:
1992:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1959:
1956:
1955:
1952:
1949:
1944:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1932:
1931:
1928:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1905:
1904:
1903:
1900:
1895:
1891:
1888:
1884:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1870:
1867:
1863:
1862:
1861:
1858:
1856:
1853:
1851:
1848:
1845:
1842:
1839:
1836:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1818:
1816:
1815:
1808:
1805:
1804:
1803:
1801:
1792:
1788:
1787:
1786:
1783:
1778:
1774:
1771:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1762:
1757:
1753:
1752:
1751:
1748:
1747:
1746:
1744:
1743:
1735:
1731:
1728:
1724:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1708:
1707:
1706:
1703:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1691:
1688:
1687:
1684:
1681:
1680:
1676:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1658:
1657:
1654:
1653:Reconstructed
1651:
1650:
1644:
1643:
1636:
1633:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1624:
1621:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1593:
1590:
1588:
1585:
1584:
1583:
1581:
1575:
1572:
1571:
1570:
1568:
1562:
1559:
1558:
1555:
1552:
1547:
1543:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1519:
1515:
1514:
1513:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1481:
1480:Insular Celts
1477:
1474:
1470:
1467:
1463:
1462:
1461:
1458:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1448:
1445:
1443:
1440:
1439:
1438:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1417:
1414:
1413:
1412:
1410:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:Indo-Iranians
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1379:
1374:
1371:
1370:
1367:
1364:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1338:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1327:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1296:
1293:
1292:
1291:
1289:
1283:
1280:
1279:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1258:
1252:
1249:
1247:
1244:
1242:
1239:
1237:
1234:
1232:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1222:
1219:
1217:
1214:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1204:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1194:
1191:
1189:
1186:
1184:
1181:
1180:
1179:
1177:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1142:
1141:
1139:
1138:Pontic Steppe
1132:
1129:
1128:
1121:
1117:
1114:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1105:
1104:
1103:
1101:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1079:
1078:
1076:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1065:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1050:
1039:
1035:
1032:
1028:
1027:
1025:
1021:
1018:
1014:
1011:
1007:
1004:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
986:
985:
984:
981:
979:
976:
972:
971:Kurgan stelae
969:
968:
967:
964:
962:
959:
958:
957:
955:
954:Pontic Steppe
948:
945:
944:
938:
937:
930:
927:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
901:
896:
895:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
877:
872:
871:
867:
864:
862:
859:
857:
854:
852:
849:
848:
842:
841:
834:
831:
829:
826:
824:
821:
819:
816:
814:
811:
809:
806:
804:
801:
799:
796:
794:
791:
789:
786:
784:
781:
779:
776:
774:
771:
769:
766:
764:
761:
760:
754:
753:
745:
744:Proto-Iranian
741:
738:
735:
731:
727:
724:
722:
719:
716:
712:
708:
705:
702:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
685:
683:
680:
679:
676:
673:
672:
668:
665:
663:
660:
658:
655:
653:
650:
648:
645:
643:
640:
638:
635:
634:
631:
628:
627:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
588:
587:Daco-Thracian
585:
583:
580:
579:
576:
573:
572:
566:
562:
558:
554:
551:
550:
548:
545:
544:
541:
540:Reconstructed
538:
537:
530:
526:
523:
519:
516:
512:
509:
505:
502:
498:
495:
491:
488:
484:
481:
477:
476:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
461:
458:
455:
454:
448:
444:
443:
442:
439:
434:
430:
427:
423:
420:
416:
415:
414:
411:
406:
402:
401:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
382:
378:
375:
371:
370:
369:
366:
364:
361:
356:
352:
351:
350:
347:
346:
343:
340:
339:
335:
332:
331:
327:
322:
321:
317:
313:
312:
309:
306:
305:
301:
297:
296:
274:
258:
247:
242:
238:
234:
232:
228:
222:
220:
216:
212:
208:
206:
202:
198:
193:
190:
188:
185:
179:
175:
170:
166:
161:
158:
153:
150:
145:
142:
137:
134:
133:
132:
128:
125:
122:
118:
111:
108:
107:
105:
102:
101:
100:
99:Indo-European
97:
95:
91:
88:
84:
80:
76:
72:
68:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
44:
38:
33:
30:
19:
11634:
11621:
11612:
11607:Proto-Italic
11605:
11596:
11589:
11582:
11575:
11566:
11559:
11554:Proto-Celtic
11552:
11545:Proto-Slavic
11543:
11538:Proto-Baltic
11536:
11529:
11522:
11515:
11508:
11501:
11481:
11474:
11467:
11460:
11453:
11446:
11439:
11432:
11399:
11394:
11384:
11374:Osco-Umbrian
11372:
11319:Indo-Iranian
11296:
11271:
11263:
11245:South Slavic
11219:
11207:
11191:Balto-Slavic
11174:
11167:
11160:
11153:
11146:
11139:
11129:
11117:
11110:
11103:
11089:
11028:Celts portal
10986:â in Spanish
10821:Arran Gaelic
10742:Proto-Celtic
10710:Bungi Creole
10632:
10609:Celtic unity
10545:Independence
10344:
10327:
10151:Gaelic music
10087:Celtic Dress
10036:High crosses
10026:Celtic cross
10004:Bell shrines
9935:Irish annals
9717:Neo-Druidism
9712:Celtic Wicca
9683:Celtic union
9647:Modern Celts
9538:Celtic women
9446:Celtic Rites
9395:Transylvania
9255:Ulster Scots
9125:Anglo-Celtic
8972:Celtiberians
8921:
8917:
8909:
8901:
8889:modern Celts
8840:
8712:? (possibly
8707:
8700:? (possibly
8695:
8688:? (possibly
8683:
8675:
8663:
8655:
8631:
8612:
8606:
8601:Middle Irish
8599:
8592:
8585:
8573:
8549:
8531:Middle Welsh
8529:
8522:
8510:
8467:
8429:
8422:
8413:
8406:
8399:
8390:
8383:
8376:
8366:
8356:Proto-Celtic
8354:
8340:
8248:
8244:
8202:
8198:
8174:
8170:
8139:
8120:
8098:
8079:
8060:
8041:
8032:
8028:
8012:
7990:
7949:
7945:
7896:
7892:
7880:
7863:
7844:
7829:
7812:the original
7796:
7774:. Retrieved
7767:the original
7762:
7758:
7745:
7726:
7720:
7699:
7691:
7671:
7664:
7657:
7643:
7635:
7631:
7607:
7600:
7565:
7561:
7551:
7516:
7512:
7502:
7461:
7457:
7451:
7439:
7430:
7426:
7420:
7401:
7373:
7355:
7349:
7337:. Retrieved
7333:the original
7323:
7306:
7300:
7288:. Retrieved
7274:
7262:. Retrieved
7248:
7236:. Retrieved
7222:
7206:. ABC-CLIO.
7202:
7195:
7183:. Retrieved
7153:
7149:
7136:
7111:
7101:
7086:
7081:
7069:. Retrieved
7053:
7046:
7027:
7021:
7002:
6996:
6951:
6947:
6937:
6912:
6908:
6902:
6861:
6857:
6847:
6827:
6820:
6809:
6804:
6794:18 September
6792:. Retrieved
6783:
6774:
6766:
6762:
6746:the original
6730:
6713:. Retrieved
6690:
6680:
6672:
6663:
6647:
6642:
6623:
6617:
6608:
6596:. Retrieved
6580:
6573:
6564:
6546:
6540:
6521:
6493:
6481:. Retrieved
6467:
6455:. Retrieved
6446:The Guardian
6444:
6434:
6422:. Retrieved
6415:the original
6402:
6394:the original
6384:
6372:. Retrieved
6368:the original
6363:
6354:
6342:. Retrieved
6327:
6315:. Retrieved
6311:the original
6306:
6296:
6284:
6271:. Retrieved
6267:
6258:
6246:. Retrieved
6231:
6219:. Retrieved
6204:
6186:
6152:. Retrieved
6137:
6116:
6104:. Retrieved
6100:the original
6094:StatsWales.
6089:
6077:. Retrieved
6059:
6047:. Retrieved
6026:
6014:. Retrieved
6010:the original
6001:
5992:
5980:. Retrieved
5976:the original
5965:
5931:. Retrieved
5927:the original
5918:
5894:. Retrieved
5873:
5861:. Retrieved
5846:
5834:. Retrieved
5827:the original
5814:
5802:. Retrieved
5795:
5786:
5778:
5772:
5753:
5747:
5728:
5722:
5714:the original
5709:
5700:
5681:
5675:
5663:. Retrieved
5649:
5637:. Retrieved
5633:the original
5628:
5619:
5607:. Retrieved
5603:the original
5571:
5565:
5557:the original
5547:
5523:
5503:18 September
5501:. Retrieved
5492:
5483:
5475:
5470:
5462:
5457:
5449:
5444:
5426:Italo-Celtic
5378:John T. Koch
5367:
5327:
5314:Old European
5281:Edward Lhuyd
5253:
5233:
5226:
5221:Central Alps
5213:Val Camonica
5206:
5199:
5194:
5158:brĂ thaireil.
5128:
5126:
5119:
5018:(to) whistle
4049:
4043:
4001:Proto-Celtic
3994:
3978:sound change
3956:
3897:
3896:(Literally)
3825:
3810:
3788:distinctions
3782:periphrastic
3746:imperfective
3674:intransitive
3620:
3607:Italo-Celtic
3605:in a common
3596:
3593:Italo-Celtic
3541:
3455:
3443:
3433:
3420:
3367:Proto-Celtic
3358:
3356:
3296:Proto-Celtic
3287:
3285:
3277:
3274:
3270:
3261:
3260:, Old Welsh
3257:
3253:
3249:
3245:
3242:
3226:
3222:
3218:
3213:
3198:
3136:, spoken in
3040:
2927:
2916:
2575:
2505:
2485:
2453:
2397:Demographics
2354:Middle Irish
2336:
2323:Latin script
2296:
2257:
2196:and central
2191:
2171:Edward Lhuyd
2167:Proto-Celtic
2115:
2113:
2071:
2064:
2057:
2050:
2043:
2037:Publications
2036:
2022:
2003:
1957:
1840:
1834:
1828:
1822:Paleo-Balkan
1812:
1811:
1799:
1798:
1740:
1739:
1695:
1694:
1682:
1652:
1635:Greater Iran
1628:
1627:
1616:
1615:
1579:
1578:
1566:
1565:
1508:Paleo-Balkan
1473:Celtiberians
1452:
1451:
1434:
1433:
1421:
1420:
1408:
1407:
1336:
1335:
1323:
1322:
1300:
1299:
1287:
1286:
1256:
1255:
1198:
1197:
1175:
1174:
1137:
1136:
1099:
1098:
1074:
1073:
1061:
1060:
1048:
1047:
989:BugâDniester
953:
952:
818:Gothic Bible
734:Proto-Baltic
730:Proto-Slavic
715:Proto-Italic
711:Proto-Celtic
674:
629:
617:Italo-Celtic
612:Indo-Hittite
602:Graeco-Aryan
575:Hypothetical
574:
539:
474:Paleo-Balkan
456:
413:Indo-Iranian
388:
368:Balto-Slavic
341:
219:Linguasphere
167:Transalpine
130:Subdivisions
124:Proto-Celtic
109:
104:Italo-Celtic
49:and central
42:distribution
29:
11568:Proto-Norse
11395:Tocharian A
11250:West Slavic
11240:East Slavic
11221:West Baltic
11215:East Baltic
10943:Trimarcisia
10928:GallĂłglaigh
10757:Celtiberian
10481:Isle of Man
10440:Nationalism
10329:Bataireacht
10248:Calan Gaeaf
10207:Isle of Man
10051:Leaf-crowns
10041:Insular art
10014:Dragonesque
9976:Isle of Man
9830:Nova Scotia
9783:Isle of Man
9707:Neopaganism
9456:Monasticism
8967:Caledonians
8454:(Brythonic)
8408:Celtiberian
8171:Linguistica
8082:. Longman.
7071:19 December
6723:(27.8
6598:19 December
6121:(in French)
5933:13 November
5334:Switzerland
5318:Ellis Evans
5298:Paleolithic
4594:rhif, nifer
4427:liopa, beol
4380:teach, tigh
3913:, which is
3797:bifurcated
3772:TĂĄ cat agam
3712:infinitives
3597:Within the
3469:Celtiberian
3430:Eska (2010)
3375:Celtiberian
3309:Celtiberian
3076:Old Castile
3068:Celtiberian
3050:Switzerland
2976:Isle of Man
2857:Isle of Man
2738:Nova Scotia
2492:: 1,774,437
2407:Native name
2276:Celtiberian
2243:and of the
2189:languages.
1915:Continental
1908:Anglo-Saxon
1611:Middle Ages
1561:Middle Ages
1416:Indo-Aryans
1409:Indo-Aryans
1216:Bell Beaker
1211:Corded ware
1107:Corded ware
996:Sredny Stog
941:Archaeology
721:Proto-Greek
701:Proto-Norse
136:Celtiberian
87:Nova Scotia
75:Isle of Man
11333:Indo-Aryan
11006:â in Italy
10908:Ceathairne
10772:Gallaecian
10402:Road bowls
10307:Eisteddfod
10275:Calan Awst
10271:Lughnasadh
9877:Literature
9740:definition
9563:Clan chief
9355:Roman Gaul
9346:Hen Ogledd
9072:including
9054:including
8780:(Scotland)
8756:(Brittany)
8709:Tartessian
8685:Lusitanian
8415:Gallaecian
8089:0582100828
7853:0521481600
7822:References
7658:ilg.usc.es
7290:6 February
7264:6 February
7238:6 February
7037:0714121657
7012:0224024957
6909:Cladistics
6755:(172
6715:20 January
6317:9 February
6016:23 January
5639:9 February
5369:Tartessian
5322:Gallaecian
5320:, believe
5302:Mesolithic
5276:sprachbund
5255:Lusitanian
5217:Valtellina
5030:c'hwibanat
4971:(to) smoke
4005:borrowings
3811:Examples:
3552:substratum
3545:sprachbund
3477:Gallaecian
3383:Gallaecian
3317:Gallaecian
3256:/ Gaulish
3236:, and the
3090:Gallaecian
3084:Gallaecian
2356:) and the
2274:, such as
2249:endangered
2023:Institutes
1943:Lithuanian
1697:Indo-Aryan
1683:Historical
1617:Indo-Aryan
1574:Tocharians
1488:Cimmerians
1366:Bronze Age
1257:South Asia
1131:Bronze Age
1069:Afanasievo
873:Mainstream
637:Vocabulary
557:Sound laws
419:Indo-Aryan
273:Lusitanian
144:Gallaecian
40:Geographic
11637:indicate
11386:Tocharian
11343:Nuristani
11091:Anatolian
10938:Redshanks
10913:Ceithearn
10641:Brittonic
10633:Languages
10266:Calan Mai
10257:GƔyl Fair
10231:Festivals
10046:Interlace
9470:Mythology
9378:Gallaecia
8992:Galatians
8843:indicate
8813:Gaelscoil
8809:(Cornish)
8768:(Ireland)
8766:Gaeltacht
8702:Tyrsenian
8594:Old Irish
8524:Old Welsh
8451:Brittonic
8273:219024967
8265:0108-8416
8231:216484936
7356:The Celts
7158:CiteSeerX
6565:The Celts
6374:19 August
6079:3 January
6049:2 January
5609:18 August
5476:The Celts
5300:or early
5286:Lusitania
5093:"weather"
4964:tuitt(ym)
4957:tuit(eam)
4924:(to) fall
4789:steredenn
4194:"hound")
4071:gwenanenn
4048:Scottish
4028:Goidelic
4025:Brittonic
3849:affection
3801:structure
3786:aspectual
3730:particles
3646:vigesimal
3582:Brittonic
3528:Brittonic
3411:Brittonic
3371:Q-Celtic
3340:Brittonic
3134:Brittonic
2788:Brittonic
2763:Edinburgh
2673:Brittonic
2667:Brezhoneg
2595:Argentina
2588:: 150,000
2567:Brittonic
2561:Y Gymraeg
2543:: 14,086
2528:: 184,140
2507:Gaeltacht
2502:: 18,000
2486:1,887,437
2264:Brittonic
1958:Practices
1777:Yarsanism
1587:Albanians
1567:East Asia
1554:Scythians
1546:Phrygians
1539:Paeonians
1532:Illyrians
1518:Thracians
1435:East Asia
1386:Armenians
1313:Hallstatt
1295:Chernoles
1236:Terramare
1226:Trzciniec
1193:Sintashta
1188:Andronovo
1089:CernavodÄ
1062:East Asia
1017:Khvalynsk
757:Philology
667:Particles
553:Phonology
494:Liburnian
469:Tocharian
464:Anatolian
433:Nuristani
326:Languages
231:Glottolog
201:ISO 639-2
187:Brittonic
11652:Category
11483:Thracian
11476:Phrygian
11469:Paeonian
11448:Illyrian
11423:Armenian
11418:Albanian
11289:Germanic
11169:Pisidian
10923:Gaesatae
10814:dialects
10777:Lepontic
10767:Galatian
10669:Goidelic
10519:Autonomy
10434:Politics
10387:Rounders
10239:Calendar
10212:Scotland
10197:Cornwall
10192:Brittany
10080:Clothing
10031:Knotwork
10009:Brooches
9981:Scotland
9966:Cornwall
9961:Brittany
9840:Y Wladfa
9795:Scotland
9759:Cornwall
9747:Brittany
9598:SeanchaĂ
9593:Tanistry
9553:Derbfine
9482:Scottish
9373:Brittany
9369:Domnonée
9365:Armorica
9360:Britonia
9342:Dumnonia
9317:DĂĄlriata
9002:Lepontii
8997:Helvetii
8982:Gallaeci
8803:(Breton)
8760:Y Wladfa
8677:Ligurian
8566:Goidelic
8424:Lepontic
8378:Galatian
8290:Archived
8119:(1995).
8035:: 37â69.
8011:(1989).
7974:14647380
7933:12837934
7759:E-Keltoi
7651:Archived
7623:Archived
7592:12908980
7543:15309688
7486:10746711
7433:: 45â56.
7284:Archived
7258:Archived
7232:Archived
7176:Archived
7116:Berkeley
7062:Archived
6988:12837934
6929:84085451
6886:14647380
6788:Archived
6706:Archived
6682:Pritenic
6589:Archived
6501:Archived
6477:Archived
6473:"Shelta"
6451:Archived
6338:Archived
6242:Archived
6215:Archived
6196:Archived
6175:Archived
6148:Archived
6127:Archived
6073:Archived
6043:Archived
5955:Archived
5887:Archived
5857:Archived
5836:27 April
5804:14 April
5659:Archived
5539:Archived
5497:Archived
5385:See also
5374:Portugal
5354:Etruscan
5310:Ligurian
5264:Portugal
5235:Ligurian
5123:Examples
5087:"time",
5023:chwibanu
4936:kouezhañ
4917:feeackle
4857:an-diugh
4730:you (sg)
4218:pysgodyn
4092:seillean
4078:gwenenen
4064:gwenynen
3982:lenition
3971:phonetic
3859:form of
3832:bhacaigh
3751:Cornish
3734:negation
3716:verbnoun
3702:mĂșintear
3651:Cornish
3563:Goidelic
3523:Goidelic
3494:Lepontic
3398:P-Celtic
3391:Goidelic
3345:Goidelic
3252:(Gaelic
3176:Goidelic
3142:Brittany
3116:Galatian
3102:Asturias
3046:Lepontic
3018:Brittany
3004:Cornwall
2962:Scotland
2846:Goidelic
2799:Cornwall
2770:: 1,397
2768:Aberdeen
2744:Scotland
2728:Goidelic
2722:GĂ idhlig
2710:: 4,000
2705:: 40,000
2684:Brittany
2680:356,000
2677:206,000
2655:: 7,190
2650:: 18,490
2645:: 45,085
2640:: 54,504
2607:: 2,200
2538:: 57,318
2533:: 37,614
2497:: 95,000
2475:Goidelic
2456:Gaelainn
2449:Gaedhilg
2410:Grouping
2404:Language
2303:Lepontic
2292:Q-Celtic
2288:P-Celtic
2280:Galatian
2198:Anatolia
2004:Scholars
1902:Germanic
1873:Scottish
1838:Thracian
1832:Illyrian
1826:Albanian
1814:European
1807:Armenian
1791:Ossetian
1785:Scythian
1770:Yazidism
1720:Buddhism
1711:Hinduism
1602:Norsemen
1512:Anatolia
1429:Iranians
1422:Iranians
1403:Iron Age
1378:Hittites
1331:Colchian
1324:Caucasus
1282:Iron Age
1251:Lusatian
1246:Urnfield
1170:Srubnaya
1165:Poltavka
1155:Catacomb
1094:Cucuteni
1049:Caucasus
866:Religion
851:Homeland
793:Behistun
773:Linear B
662:Numerals
657:Pronouns
582:Balkanic
529:Thracian
522:Phrygian
515:Paeonian
501:Messapic
487:Illyrian
399:Hellenic
394:Germanic
363:Armenian
355:Albanian
349:Albanoid
300:a series
298:Part of
237:celt1248
192:Goidelic
152:Lepontic
83:Y Wladfa
71:Brittany
63:Scotland
55:Cornwall
53:; today
51:Anatolia
11635:Italics
11455:Moesian
11441:Getaean
11401:Kuchean
11366:Romance
11338:Iranian
11327:Badeshi
11176:Sidetic
11105:Hittite
10976:Deities
10933:Hobelar
10895:Warfare
10858:Warfare
10792:Pictish
10787:Cumbric
10762:Gaulish
10734:Extinct
10654:Cornish
10452:history
10397:Hurling
10371:Ladies'
10362:Curling
10335:Camogie
10262:Beltane
10244:Samhain
10202:Ireland
9971:Ireland
9866:Culture
9835:England
9771:Ireland
9729:Nations
9628:Coinage
9618:Warfare
9511:Society
9502:Cornish
9492:British
9400:Galatia
9390:Balkans
9298:Studies
9035:Cornish
9030:Bretons
9007:Noricum
8962:Britons
8935:Peoples
8841:Italics
8815:(Irish)
8786:(Wales)
8697:Rhaetic
8670:Rhaetic
8665:Camunic
8649:Unknown
8551:Pictish
8543:Pictish
8512:Cumbric
8493:Cornish
8385:Gaulish
7954:Bibcode
7901:Bibcode
7776:16 June
7583:1691416
7534:1182057
7494:4414538
7466:Bibcode
7339:4 March
6956:Bibcode
6866:Bibcode
6769:(2000).
6739:"Etext"
6699:"Etext"
6483:9 March
6457:6 March
6344:6 March
6273:31 July
6248:6 March
6221:6 March
6154:6 March
6106:6 March
5896:6 March
5863:6 March
5665:9 March
5465:. pg.48
5342:Austria
5329:Rhaetic
5290:Ireland
5248:Corsica
5240:Tuscany
5228:Ivernic
5208:Camunic
5172:Cornish
5044:feadĂĄil
5037:hwibana
5004:smocadh
4950:tit(im)
4897:fiacail
4817:rollage
4763:thu, tu
4756:tĂș, thĂș
4723:bainney
4622:Ă ireamh
4575:oidhche
4528:ceithir
4474:inbhear
4099:shellan
4050:Gaelic
4044:Gaelic
4039:Cornish
4022:English
3992:or Ă).
3928:phedwar
3910:pymtheg
3904:bymtheg
3857:lenited
3855:is the
3780:use of
3670:passive
3403:Gaulish
3325:Gaulish
3162:Pictish
3158:Cumbric
3150:Cornish
3124:Belgium
3112:Gaulish
3098:Galicia
3058:Noricum
3008:Cornish
2948:Ireland
2871:Douglas
2776:Cornish
2765:: 3,220
2760:: 5,726
2758:Glasgow
2700:: 7,000
2648:Newport
2643:Swansea
2638:Cardiff
2602:: 2,500
2597:: 5,000
2586:England
2576:947,700
2555:Cymraeg
2541:Belfast
2512:Ireland
2468:Gaeilic
2462:Gaeilig
2443:Gaeilge
2374:Cornish
2315:Pictish
2284:Gaulish
2241:Ireland
2225:Cornish
1936:Latvian
1894:Cornish
1764:Kurdish
1750:Persian
1742:Iranian
1734:Sikhism
1727:Jainism
1690:Hittite
1629:Iranian
1525:Dacians
1318:Jastorf
1241:Tumulus
1221:ĂnÄtice
1150:Yamnaya
1145:Chariot
1083:Usatovo
1024:Yamnaya
861:Society
845:Origins
778:Rigveda
630:Grammar
457:Extinct
447:Romance
426:Iranian
169:Gaulish
85:), and
67:Ireland
11462:Mysian
11434:Dacian
11411:Others
11353:Italic
11264:Celtic
11232:Slavic
11200:Baltic
11162:Milyan
11155:Lycian
11148:Luwian
11141:Carian
11119:Palaic
11112:Lydian
10971:Tribes
10918:Fianna
10705:Shelta
10649:Breton
10469:status
10407:Shinty
10382:Gouren
10346:Cnapan
10340:Cammag
10253:Imbolc
10176:Carnyx
10102:Tartan
10021:Carnyx
9788:Mannin
9764:Kernow
9752:Breizh
9622:Gaelic
9578:FĂĄinne
9523:Brehon
9497:Breton
9451:Druids
9305:Places
9012:Volcae
8957:Belgae
8918:·
8916:
8910:·
8908:
8902:·
8900:
8821:(Manx)
8738:Shelta
8690:Italic
8488:Breton
8271:
8263:
8229:
8146:
8127:
8105:
8086:
8067:
8048:
8019:
7997:
7980:
7972:
7946:Nature
7931:
7924:166441
7921:
7870:
7851:
7836:
7804:
7733:
7708:
7679:
7615:
7590:
7580:
7541:
7531:
7492:
7484:
7458:Nature
7408:
7380:
7210:
7185:12 May
7160:
7128:716409
7126:
7093:
7034:
7009:
6986:
6979:166441
6976:
6927:
6892:
6884:
6858:Nature
6835:
6753:
6721:
6654:
6630:
6528:
6424:9 June
5982:23 May
5779:Cuisle
5760:
5735:
5688:
5578:
5531:
5312:) and
5260:Iberia
5163:Breton
5112:emshyr
5105:aimsir
5098:aimsir
4976:ysmygu
4929:cwympo
4843:hedhyw
4829:heddiw
4803:réalta
4796:steren
4688:llaeth
4629:earroo
4615:uimhir
4589:number
4514:peswar
4500:pedwar
4481:inbhir
4406:gwefus
4340:gobhar
4333:gabhar
4253:yeeast
4185:gadhar
4042:Irish
4036:Breton
3980:(i.e.
3934:pedwar
3851:; the
3841:. The
3838:bacach
3793:copula
3769:Irish
3760:Welsh
3696:mĂșinim
3693:Irish
3687:dysgir
3681:dysgaf
3678:Welsh
3456:Celtic
3421:
3262:enuein
3258:anuana
3232:, the
3186:, and
3152:, and
3146:Breton
3128:Turkey
3080:Aragon
3022:Breton
3016:
3014:
3002:
3000:
2988:
2986:
2974:
2972:
2960:
2958:
2946:
2944:
2892:Shelta
2873:: 507
2853:1,823
2840:Gailck
2822:: 118
2795:2,000
2708:Nantes
2698:Rennes
2661:Breton
2653:Bangor
2605:Canada
2578:(2011)
2531:Galway
2526:Dublin
2366:Breton
2321:, but
2307:Italic
2253:UNESCO
2206:Breton
2194:Europe
2187:Breton
1951:Slavic
1930:Baltic
1880:Breton
1860:Celtic
1844:Dacian
1800:Others
1580:Europe
1453:Europe
1447:Yuezhi
1301:Europe
1288:Steppe
1199:Europe
1056:Maykop
1010:Samara
966:Kurgan
783:Avesta
565:Ablaut
561:Accent
508:Mysian
480:Dacian
441:Italic
389:Celtic
381:Slavic
374:Baltic
342:Extant
285:
279:
271:
269:
263:
255:
253:
110:Celtic
73:, the
47:Europe
35:Celtic
11428:Greek
11131:Luwic
10961:Lists
10782:Noric
10697:Mixed
10677:Irish
10659:Welsh
10323:Bando
10316:Sport
10217:Wales
10133:Music
10066:Torcs
10056:Mazes
9986:Wales
9812:Cymru
9807:Wales
9690:Music
9613:Vates
9608:TĂșath
9558:Druid
9487:Welsh
9477:Irish
9068:Scots
9050:Irish
9045:Gaels
9040:Welsh
8987:Gauls
8977:Gaels
8948:Names
8920:
8912:
8904:
8885:Celts
8801:Diwan
8725:Mixed
8581:Irish
8518:Welsh
8431:Noric
8306:(PDF)
8269:S2CID
8227:S2CID
7982:42340
7978:S2CID
7770:(PDF)
7755:(PDF)
7490:S2CID
7179:(PDF)
7146:(PDF)
7065:(PDF)
7058:(PDF)
6925:S2CID
6894:42340
6890:S2CID
6749:(PDF)
6742:(PDF)
6709:(PDF)
6702:(PDF)
6592:(PDF)
6585:(PDF)
6418:(PDF)
6411:(PDF)
6035:(xls)
5890:(PDF)
5883:(PDF)
5830:(PDF)
5823:(PDF)
5437:Notes
5396:Celts
5391:Ogham
5346:Italy
5338:Tyrol
5268:Spain
5181:Welsh
5135:Irish
5090:kewer
5084:amser
5077:amzer
5070:amser
4943:kodha
4871:tooth
4850:inniu
4836:hiziv
4824:today
4782:seren
4695:laezh
4636:three
4608:niver
4601:niver
4568:oĂche
4542:night
4535:kiare
4507:pevar
4488:inver
4441:meill
4420:gweus
4413:gweuz
4387:taigh
4354:house
4347:goayr
4326:gaver
4265:llawn
4179:madra
4146:mooar
4085:beach
4054:Manx
4033:Welsh
4009:Latin
4007:from
3999:from
3988:into
3888:Welsh
3816:Irish
3248:>
3180:Irish
3154:Welsh
3120:Noric
3054:Italy
2994:Welsh
2990:Wales
2952:Irish
2896:Irish
2834:Gaelg
2820:Truro
2703:Brest
2611:Wales
2581:Wales
2549:Welsh
2437:Irish
2362:Welsh
2346:Irish
2319:Ogham
2237:Wales
2218:Welsh
2210:Irish
2183:Welsh
2179:Celts
1922:Norse
1887:Welsh
1866:Irish
1855:Roman
1850:Greek
1705:Vedic
1597:Slavs
1592:Balts
1466:Gauls
1460:Celts
1442:Wusun
1337:India
1113:Baden
813:Ogham
788:Homer
675:Other
652:Nouns
647:Verbs
405:Greek
178:Noric
59:Wales
11081:list
10856:and
10682:Manx
10569:and
9800:Alba
9776:Ăire
9695:Rock
9603:Sept
9583:Fili
9518:Bard
9321:Alba
9063:Manx
8887:and
8622:Manx
8261:ISSN
8144:ISBN
8125:ISBN
8103:ISBN
8084:ISBN
8065:ISBN
8046:ISBN
8017:ISBN
7995:ISBN
7970:PMID
7929:PMID
7868:ISBN
7849:ISBN
7834:ISBN
7802:ISBN
7778:2010
7731:ISBN
7706:ISBN
7677:ISBN
7613:ISBN
7588:PMID
7539:PMID
7482:PMID
7406:ISBN
7378:ISBN
7341:2015
7292:2019
7266:2019
7240:2019
7208:ISBN
7187:2019
7124:OCLC
7091:ISBN
7073:2012
7032:ISBN
7007:ISBN
6984:PMID
6882:PMID
6833:ISBN
6796:2017
6717:2006
6652:ISBN
6628:ISBN
6600:2012
6526:ISBN
6485:2010
6459:2016
6426:2014
6376:2011
6346:2016
6319:2010
6288:See
6275:2023
6250:2016
6223:2016
6156:2016
6108:2016
6081:2011
6051:2011
6018:2012
5984:2010
5935:2015
5898:2016
5865:2016
5838:2012
5806:2020
5758:ISBN
5733:ISBN
5686:ISBN
5667:2010
5641:2010
5611:2011
5576:ISBN
5529:ISBN
5505:2017
5288:and
5266:and
5246:and
5244:Elba
5215:and
5144:Manx
5051:fead
4990:megi
4903:déad
4890:dans
4883:dant
4876:dant
4777:star
4702:leth
4683:milk
4676:tree
4495:four
4467:aber
4460:aber
4453:aber
4434:bile
4394:thie
4319:gavr
4312:gafr
4307:goat
4300:lane
4279:leun
4272:leun
4260:full
4246:iasg
4239:iasc
4232:pysk
4225:pesk
4213:fish
4125:meur
4118:meur
4111:mawr
3957:The
3916:pump
3868:leat
3732:for
3637:two
3254:ainm
3246:-nm-
3204:and
3184:Manx
3160:and
3140:and
3060:and
2980:Manx
2937:The
2898:and
2828:Manx
2619:The
2536:Cork
2386:1974
2384:and
2382:1777
2378:Manx
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2309:and
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2229:Manx
2227:and
2216:and
2185:and
2155:-tik
2114:The
1984:Yule
1975:Sati
1264:BMAC
642:Root
176:(?)
10866:Law
10854:Law
9996:Art
9588:Law
8253:doi
8217:hdl
8207:doi
8179:doi
7962:doi
7950:426
7919:PMC
7909:doi
7897:100
7578:PMC
7570:doi
7566:270
7529:PMC
7521:doi
7474:doi
7462:404
7311:doi
7168:doi
7154:100
6974:PMC
6964:doi
6952:100
6917:doi
6874:doi
6862:426
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4582:oie
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4373:chi
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4286:lĂĄn
4206:coo
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4139:mĂČr
4132:mĂłr
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