813:
210:
994:. Tatevosov, S. G. (SergeΔ Georgievich), Π’Π°ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ², Π‘. Π. (Π‘Π΅ΡΠ³Π΅ΠΉ ΠΠ΅ΠΎΡΠ³ΠΈΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡ), MoskovskiΔ gosudarstvennyΔ universitet im. M.V. Lomonosova. FilologicheskiΔ fakulΚΉtet., ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ Π³ΠΎΡΡΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠΌ. Π.Π. ΠΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π°. Π€ΠΈΠ»ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Ρ. Moskva: IMLI RAN. 2009.
661:, 65,534 people in Russia stated that they have command of the Altay language. Only around 10% of them speak Northern Altay varieties, while the remaining speak Southern Altay varieties. Furthermore, according to some data, only 2% of Altays fluently speak the Altay language.
726:
745:
709:(also known as Tuba language), is also often ascribed to belong to the Northern Altai group, but its relation to other languages is dubious and it may belong to
740:
721:
2040:
680:
claim to know their national language, but 1,044 people were registered as knowing
Kumandy. Kumandy has the following three sub-varieties:
2505:
1176:
2510:
270:
Northern Altai has 8 vowels, which may be long or short, and 20 consonants, plus marginal consonants that occur only in loan words.
2497:
In Russia, the
Cyrillic alphabet is officially supported. For other, non-Cyrillic alphabets, separate federal laws are required.
881:
749:
610:
2033:
999:
2536:
523:
1073:
1055:
1037:
497:
337:
730:
1169:
1657:
1652:
529:
443:
343:
849:
2541:
2500:
2026:
830:
510:
503:
479:
356:
196:
780:*/VdV/ β With a few lexical exceptions (likely borrowings), proto-Turkic intervocalic */d/ results in /j/.
304:
905:ΠΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ 2002 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°. Π’ΠΎΠΌ 13. Β«ΠΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈΒ»
2441:
1023:
617:
424:
411:
350:
317:
2531:
1716:
1162:
536:
516:
437:
310:
812:
2434:
2358:
2351:
1470:
463:
323:
774:*/ag/ β Proto-Turkic */ag/ is found in three variations throughout Northern Altay: /u/, /aw/, /aΚ/
2405:
2384:
2365:
2269:
2109:
1545:
1499:
1482:
1447:
1408:
1267:
1213:
450:
430:
417:
244:
84:
2398:
2391:
2147:
1885:
1858:
1671:
1525:
1415:
542:
388:
876:]. Jazyki mira / Rossijskaja Akademija Nauk, Institut Jazykoznanija. BiΕ‘kek: Kyrgyzstan.
2373:
2005:
1691:
1201:
658:
588:
563:
556:
1981:
915:
2215:
2122:
1821:
1647:
1383:
456:
8:
2223:
2049:
1621:
1530:
1337:
229:
2428:
2294:
2264:
2208:
2162:
1300:
1095:
1017:
970:
572:
383:
1115:
188:
2335:
2249:
1947:
1836:
1492:
1437:
1353:
1330:
1323:
1005:
995:
962:
887:
877:
710:
673:
123:
1060:ΠΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π² (ΠΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄Ρ-ΠΠΈΠΆΠΈ): Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΊ, ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
777:*/eb/ β Proto-Turkic */eb/ is found as either /yj/ or /yg/, depending on the variety
717:
claim to know their national language, and 436 people in all reported knowing Tuba.
701:
claim to speak their national language, and 539 people in all claim to know
Chelkan.
2475:
2465:
2413:
2345:
2330:
2310:
2279:
2197:
2142:
2137:
2127:
2063:
1917:
1846:
1841:
1686:
1626:
1598:
1593:
1588:
1378:
1368:
1247:
1185:
706:
694:
398:
378:
232:
133:
128:
79:
1681:
1305:
2480:
2460:
2418:
2340:
2325:
2315:
2289:
2236:
2177:
2172:
2157:
2152:
2132:
2096:
2086:
1976:
1971:
1959:
1940:
1922:
1909:
1826:
1791:
1752:
1731:
1698:
1676:
1631:
1564:
1535:
1487:
1477:
1432:
1427:
1288:
1283:
1237:
755:
580:
550:
393:
255:
248:
152:
89:
71:
1135:
214:
Map showing the locations of the
Northern and Southern Altai varieties in Russia
201:
2378:
2284:
2274:
2259:
2254:
2244:
2229:
2187:
2091:
2081:
1999:
1801:
1775:
1736:
1616:
1572:
1540:
1504:
1442:
1420:
1373:
1262:
1230:
1222:
1193:
826:
236:
145:
48:
937:
926:
2525:
2423:
2320:
2202:
2182:
2117:
1853:
1796:
1454:
1009:
966:
800:
736:
891:
2484:
2470:
2192:
2167:
172:
1662:
1293:
904:
602:
298:
286:
974:
950:
251:
is based on
Southern Altai, and is rejected by Northern Altai children.
1878:
1869:
805:
767:
331:
291:
259:
52:
2018:
1388:
1151:
Page about the
Tubalar variety with maps and grammatical information.
1131:
Page about the
Chelkan variety with maps and grammatical information.
1111:
Page about the
Kumandy variety with maps and grammatical information.
677:
491:
471:
181:
165:
766:
The following features refer to the outcome of commonly used Turkic
1154:
698:
642:
1042:ΠΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ Π§Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π²ΡΡ
Π’Π°ΡΠ°Ρ (Π’ΡΠ±Π°-ΠΠΈΠΆΠΈ): Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΊ ΠΈ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
714:
405:
247:
and the
Northern varieties are not fully mutually intelligible.
1963:
240:
38:
951:"LA CLASSIFICATION DES DIALECTES DE LA LANGUE TURQUE D'ALTAΓ"
865:[Altai language]. In Institut Jazykoznanija (ed.).
720:
Closely related to the northern varieties of Altay are the
850:Π ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΡΠ°Π΅ ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π° Π°Π·Π±ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΊΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠ°. 2006
209:
16:
Siberian Turkic language of the Altai
Republic, Russia
669:
Northern Altay consists of the following varieties:
262:, an alphabet was created for the Kumandin variety.
697:(also Kuu/Quu, Chalkandu/Shalkanduu, Lebedin). 466
2523:
955:Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
243:. Though traditionally considered one language,
1078:ΠΠΈΠ°Π»Π΅ΠΊΡ ΠΠ΅Π±Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π’Π°ΡΠ°Ρ-Π§Π°Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠ΅Π² (ΠΡΡ-ΠΠΈΠΆΠΈ)
2034:
1170:
2041:
2027:
1177:
1163:
208:
637:
635:
1072:
1054:
1036:
948:
909:
874:Languages of the world: Turkic languages
861:Baskakov, N.A. (1997). "Altaysky yazyk"
860:
2048:
2524:
761:
632:
2022:
1158:
986:
984:
796:
794:
1184:
13:
2004:Languages between parentheses are
981:
819:
791:
14:
2553:
1088:
616:
609:
587:
571:
562:
555:
541:
535:
528:
522:
515:
509:
502:
496:
478:
462:
455:
449:
442:
436:
429:
423:
416:
410:
355:
349:
342:
336:
322:
316:
309:
303:
2511:Mass media by language of Russia
2506:Knowledge in languages of Russia
1074:Baskakov, Nikolay Aleksandrovich
1056:Baskakov, Nikolay Aleksandrovich
1038:Baskakov, Nikolay Aleksandrovich
811:
1066:
1048:
1030:
942:
652:
641:Phoneme occurs only in Russian
2304:Languages with official status
2008:of the language on their left.
931:
920:
898:
854:
843:
676:(also Qubandy/Quwandy). 1,862
1:
784:
365:
254:Northern Altai is written in
831:Endangered Languages Project
664:
265:
7:
657:According to data from the
10:
2558:
870:Π―Π·ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°: ΡΡΡΠΊΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈ
371:Northern Altai consonants
2495:
2453:
2303:
2072:
2056:
1990:
1958:
1933:
1908:
1867:
1814:
1784:
1768:
1761:
1745:
1724:
1715:
1640:
1609:
1581:
1563:
1518:
1463:
1401:
1361:
1352:
1314:
1276:
1255:
1246:
1221:
1212:
1192:
570:
534:
435:
273:
207:
195:
179:
163:
158:
142:
117:
68:
58:
44:
34:
26:
21:
949:BASKAKOV, N. A. (1958).
916:ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΡ Β«ΠΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΒ»
869:
862:
2537:Agglutinative languages
1934:Disputed classification
235:dialects spoken in the
1022:: CS1 maint: others (
938:Russian census figures
927:Russian census figures
279:Northern Altai vowels
228:is the several tribal
1693:Old Anatolian Turkish
992:Tubalarskie ΔtiοΈ uοΈ‘dy
741:Lower Chulym dialect
2542:Languages of Russia
2501:Languages of Russia
2075:of federal subjects
2050:Languages of Russia
1622:Chaharmahali Turkic
1096:"ΠΡΠΌΠ°Π½Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ"
770:in Northern Altay.
762:Linguistic features
659:2002 Russian Census
372:
280:
27:ΡΣ±Π½Π΄Σ±ΠΊ Π°Π»ΡΠ°ΠΉ ΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ,
1140:ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
1120:ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
1100:ΠΠ°Π»ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΈ Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ
370:
278:
258:. In 2006, in the
64:57,000 (2010)
2519:
2518:
2487:
2442:Southern Yukaghir
2435:Northern Yukaghir
2112:
2105:
2016:
2015:
2000:extinct languages
1904:
1903:
1900:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1810:
1809:
1711:
1710:
1658:South Azerbaijani
1653:North Azerbaijani
1559:
1558:
1348:
1347:
1116:"Π§Π΅Π»ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ"
883:978-5-655-01214-1
809:(25th ed., 2022)
711:Kipchak languages
628:
627:
363:
362:
219:
218:
29:tΓΌndΓΌk altay tili
2549:
2532:Turkic languages
2479:
2476:Mongolian script
2466:Cyrillic Braille
2444:
2437:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2239:
2232:
2218:
2211:
2108:
2101:
2057:Federal language
2043:
2036:
2029:
2020:
2019:
1766:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1722:
1721:
1589:Khorasani Turkic
1579:
1578:
1359:
1358:
1253:
1252:
1219:
1218:
1186:Turkic languages
1179:
1172:
1165:
1156:
1155:
1150:
1148:
1147:
1130:
1128:
1127:
1110:
1108:
1107:
1082:
1081:
1080:. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°: ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
1070:
1064:
1063:
1062:. ΠΠΎΡΠΊΠ²Π°: ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
1052:
1046:
1045:
1044:. Moscow: ΠΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°.
1034:
1028:
1027:
1021:
1013:
988:
979:
978:
946:
940:
935:
929:
924:
918:
913:
907:
902:
896:
895:
867:Tyurkskie yazyki
858:
852:
847:
841:
840:
838:
837:
827:"Northern Altai"
823:
817:
816:
815:
798:
753:
734:
707:Tubalar language
674:Kumandin dialect
646:
639:
620:
613:
591:
575:
566:
559:
545:
539:
532:
526:
519:
513:
506:
500:
482:
466:
459:
453:
446:
440:
433:
427:
420:
414:
373:
369:
359:
353:
346:
340:
326:
320:
313:
307:
281:
277:
212:
191:
175:
168:
148:
74:
19:
18:
2557:
2556:
2552:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2547:
2546:
2522:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2491:
2449:
2440:
2433:
2404:
2397:
2390:
2383:
2364:
2359:Southern Khanty
2357:
2352:Northern Khanty
2350:
2299:
2235:
2228:
2214:
2207:
2173:Karachay-Balkar
2074:
2073:State languages
2068:
2052:
2047:
2017:
2012:
2011:
1986:
1954:
1929:
1892:
1863:
1806:
1780:
1757:
1741:
1707:
1700:Ottoman Turkish
1636:
1605:
1577:
1555:
1514:
1472:Fergana Kipchak
1459:
1428:Karachay-Balkar
1397:
1344:
1310:
1272:
1242:
1208:
1188:
1183:
1145:
1143:
1134:
1125:
1123:
1114:
1105:
1103:
1094:
1091:
1086:
1085:
1071:
1067:
1053:
1049:
1035:
1031:
1015:
1014:
1002:
990:
989:
982:
947:
943:
936:
932:
925:
921:
914:
910:
903:
899:
884:
871:
864:
859:
855:
848:
844:
835:
833:
825:
824:
820:
810:
799:
792:
787:
764:
756:Chulym language
743:
724:
722:Kondoma dialect
695:Chelkan dialect
667:
655:
650:
649:
640:
633:
368:
276:
268:
215:
187:
171:
164:
149:
144:
113:
90:Siberian Turkic
75:
72:Language family
70:
61:
60:Native speakers
51:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2555:
2545:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2517:
2516:
2514:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2496:
2493:
2492:
2490:
2489:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2457:
2455:
2451:
2450:
2448:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2438:
2426:
2421:
2416:
2411:
2410:
2409:
2406:Southern Mansi
2402:
2395:
2388:
2385:Northern Mansi
2376:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2366:Eastern Khanty
2362:
2355:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2300:
2298:
2297:
2292:
2287:
2282:
2277:
2272:
2267:
2262:
2257:
2252:
2247:
2242:
2241:
2240:
2233:
2221:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2200:
2195:
2190:
2185:
2180:
2175:
2170:
2165:
2160:
2155:
2150:
2145:
2140:
2135:
2130:
2125:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:Southern Altai
2106:
2103:Northern Altai
2094:
2089:
2084:
2078:
2076:
2070:
2069:
2067:
2066:
2060:
2058:
2054:
2053:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2031:
2023:
2014:
2013:
2010:
2009:
2002:
1992:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1968:
1966:
1956:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1945:
1937:
1935:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1891:
1890:
1883:
1875:
1873:
1865:
1864:
1862:
1861:
1856:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1832:Northern Altai
1829:
1824:
1818:
1816:
1812:
1811:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1804:
1799:
1794:
1788:
1786:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1778:
1772:
1770:
1763:
1756:
1755:
1749:
1747:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1739:
1734:
1728:
1726:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1704:
1703:
1696:
1684:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1660:
1655:
1644:
1642:
1638:
1637:
1635:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1613:
1611:
1607:
1606:
1604:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1591:
1585:
1583:
1576:
1575:
1569:
1567:
1561:
1560:
1557:
1556:
1554:
1553:
1552:
1551:
1546:Siberian Tatar
1543:
1538:
1533:
1528:
1526:Dobrujan Tatar
1522:
1520:
1516:
1515:
1513:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1500:Siberian Tatar
1497:
1496:
1495:
1490:
1483:Southern Altai
1480:
1475:
1467:
1465:
1461:
1460:
1458:
1457:
1452:
1449:Mamluk-Kipchak
1445:
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1418:
1413:
1410:Armeno-Kipchak
1405:
1403:
1399:
1398:
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1365:
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1271:
1270:
1268:Southern Uzbek
1265:
1263:Northern Uzbek
1259:
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1250:
1244:
1243:
1241:
1240:
1235:
1227:
1225:
1216:
1210:
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1207:
1206:
1198:
1196:
1194:Proto-language
1190:
1189:
1182:
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1167:
1159:
1153:
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1132:
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1090:
1089:External links
1087:
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882:
863:ΠΠ»ΡΠ°ΠΉΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ·ΡΠΊ
853:
842:
818:
801:Northern Altai
789:
788:
786:
783:
782:
781:
778:
775:
763:
760:
703:
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692:
691:
690:
689:Starobardinian
687:
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245:Southern Altai
237:Altai Republic
226:Northern Altay
222:Northern Altai
217:
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205:
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202:Northern Altai
199:
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159:Language codes
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146:Writing system
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101:Northern Altai
97:Yenisei Turkic
94:South Siberian
78:
76:
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66:
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62:
59:
56:
55:
49:Altai Republic
46:
42:
41:
36:
35:Native to
32:
31:
24:
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22:Northern Altai
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2554:
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2509:
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2485:Kalmyk script
2482:
2481:Buryat script
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2399:Eastern Mansi
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2392:Western Mansi
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2148:Crimean Tatar
2146:
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1921:
1919:
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1911:
1907:
1889:
1888:
1887:Orkhon Turkic
1884:
1882:
1881:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1871:
1866:
1860:
1859:Western Yugur
1857:
1855:
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1214:Common Turkic
1211:
1205:
1204:
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1199:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1180:
1175:
1173:
1168:
1166:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1141:
1137:
1136:"Π’ΡΠ±Π°Π»Π°ΡΡΠΊΠΈΠΉ"
1133:
1121:
1117:
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1001:9785920803504
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737:Shor language
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723:
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389:Post-alveloar
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297:
296:
293:
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288:
285:
283:
282:
271:
263:
261:
257:
252:
250:
249:Written Altai
246:
242:
238:
234:
231:
227:
223:
211:
206:
203:
200:
198:
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190:
186:
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135:
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127:
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121:
120:
116:
102:
99:
98:
96:
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88:
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85:Common Turkic
83:
82:
81:
77:
73:
67:
63:
57:
54:
50:
47:
43:
40:
37:
33:
30:
25:
20:
2471:Latin script
2374:Komi-Permyak
2102:
1995:
1948:
1941:
1923:
1886:
1879:
1868:
1831:
1699:
1692:
1663:
1550:Tobol-Irtysh
1471:
1448:
1421:
1409:
1389:
1384:Mishar Tatar
1338:
1331:
1324:
1315:
1231:
1203:Proto-Turkic
1202:
1144:. Retrieved
1142:(in Russian)
1139:
1124:. Retrieved
1122:(in Russian)
1119:
1104:. Retrieved
1102:(in Russian)
1099:
1077:
1068:
1059:
1050:
1041:
1032:
991:
958:
954:
944:
933:
922:
911:
900:
873:
866:
856:
845:
834:. Retrieved
821:
804:
765:
719:
704:
668:
656:
653:Demographics
269:
253:
225:
221:
220:
180:
100:
28:
2260:Yakut/Sakha
2123:Azerbaijani
1822:Fuyu Kyrgyz
1664:Ajem-Turkic
1648:Azerbaijani
961:(1): 9β15.
744: [
725: [
603:Approximant
2526:Categories
1880:Old Uyghur
1682:Karapapakh
1531:Karakalpak
1339:Karakhanid
1332:Khorezmian
1146:2022-05-31
1126:2022-05-31
1106:2022-05-31
836:2021-07-15
806:Ethnologue
785:References
768:isoglosses
366:Consonants
260:Altay kray
53:Altai Krai
2295:Ukrainian
2265:Tabasaran
2163:Kabardian
2006:varieties
1998:indicate
1982:QoqmonΔaq
1390:Old Tatar
1301:Ili Turki
1018:cite book
1010:613983309
967:0001-6446
678:Kumandins
665:Varieties
643:loanwords
492:Fricative
472:Affricate
266:Phonology
182:Glottolog
166:ISO 639-3
2461:Cyrillic
2429:Yukaghir
2336:Karelian
2250:Ossetian
1949:Pecheneg
1746:Southern
1725:Northern
1717:Siberian
1610:Southern
1599:Trukhmen
1493:Telengit
1438:Krymchak
1379:Nagaibak
1325:Chagatai
1076:(1985).
1058:(1972).
1040:(1966).
975:23682215
892:42579926
739:and the
715:Tubalars
699:Chelkans
540:
527:
514:
501:
454:
441:
428:
415:
384:Alveolar
354:
341:
321:
308:
256:Cyrillic
230:moribund
189:nort2686
153:Cyrillic
118:Dialects
2454:Scripts
2331:Finnish
2311:Chukchi
2280:Tsakhur
2224:Mordvin
2143:Chuvash
2138:Chechen
2128:Bashkir
2064:Russian
1996:Italics
1964:pidgins
1960:Creoles
1918:Chuvash
1842:Chelkan
1837:Kumandy
1815:Yenisei
1687:Turkish
1641:Western
1632:Sonqori
1627:Qashqai
1617:Afshari
1594:Turkmen
1582:Eastern
1369:Bashkir
1354:Kipchak
1277:Eastern
1256:Western
754:of the
735:of the
683:TuraΔak
406:Plosive
134:Tubalar
129:Chelkan
124:Kumandy
2419:Selkup
2414:Nenets
2346:Khanty
2341:Kazakh
2326:Evenki
2316:Dolgan
2290:Udmurt
2237:Moksha
2216:Meadow
2198:Lezgin
2178:Khakas
2168:Kalmyk
2158:Ingush
2153:Dargwa
2133:Buryat
2087:Adyghe
1977:Kurbet
1972:Hezhou
1942:Khazar
1924:Bulgar
1827:Khakas
1792:Dukhan
1769:Steppe
1753:Chulym
1732:Dolgan
1677:Gagauz
1536:Kazakh
1505:Baraba
1488:Teleut
1478:Kyrgyz
1464:Kyrgyz
1433:Karaim
1362:Bulgar
1289:Khoton
1284:Uyghur
1248:Karluk
1238:Khalaj
1008:
998:
973:
965:
890:
880:
829:. ELP
713:. 408
686:Solton
399:Uvular
379:Labial
274:Vowels
241:Russia
233:Turkic
80:Turkic
45:Region
39:Russia
2379:Mansi
2285:Tuvan
2275:Tatar
2255:Rutul
2245:Nogai
2230:Erzya
2188:Kumyk
2097:Altai
2092:Aghul
2082:Abaza
1910:Oghur
1802:Soyot
1785:Taiga
1776:Tuvan
1762:Sayan
1737:Yakut
1573:Salar
1565:Oghuz
1541:Nogai
1519:Nogai
1443:Kumyk
1422:Cuman
1402:Cuman
1374:Tatar
971:JSTOR
872:[
752:]
733:]
581:Trill
551:Nasal
394:Velar
287:Front
2424:Veps
2321:Even
2209:Hill
2203:Mari
2183:Komi
2118:Avar
1962:and
1854:Shor
1847:Tuba
1797:Tofa
1455:Urum
1306:Γynu
1232:Argu
1223:Argu
1024:link
1006:OCLC
996:ISBN
963:ISSN
888:OCLC
878:ISBN
705:The
299:High
292:Back
2270:Tat
2193:Lak
1870:Old
1509:Tom
1316:Old
1294:Lop
803:at
332:Low
239:of
224:or
197:ELP
173:atv
2528::
2483:,
1138:.
1118:.
1098:.
1020:}}
1016:{{
1004:.
983:^
969:.
957:.
953:.
886:.
793:^
758:.
750:tr
748:;
746:ru
731:tr
729:;
727:ru
634:^
480:ts
444:dΚ
2488:)
2478:(
2042:e
2035:t
2028:v
1178:e
1171:t
1164:v
1149:.
1129:.
1109:.
1026:)
1012:.
977:.
959:8
894:.
839:.
645:.
618:j
611:l
589:r
573:Ε
564:n
557:m
543:Ι£
537:x
530:Κ
524:Κ
517:z
511:s
504:v
498:f
464:q
457:Ι‘
451:k
438:c
431:d
425:t
418:b
412:p
357:o
351:a
344:ΓΈ
338:e
324:u
318:Ι―
311:y
305:i
136:?
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
