1282:(阿剌兀思剔吉忽裏), who submitted to Chinggis Khan in 1203, was 'a descendant of the Shatuo-yanmen (沙陀雁門之後)' (Yuanshi 118.2923). In turn, the Xin Tangshu relates that the Shatuo (沙陀) were 'a progeny of the Chuyue, a separate tribe of the Western Tujue (西突厥別部處月種也)' (ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn ʿAṭā Malik Juvaynī 1958: vol. 1, 55–6).28 The origin of the Naiman is not well documented. However, one may speculate that the Naiman were an offshoot of the Uighurs. As to the physiognomy of the Önggüt and the Naiman, Rashīd al-Dīn relates that the former 'resembled the Mongols (bi-mughūl mānand)' (Rashīd al-Dīn Fażlallāh Hamadānī 1988: Vol. 1, 99; Rashiduddin Fazlullah 1998–99: Vol. 1, 70) and that the girls (dukhtarān) of the latter were 'renowned for their beauty and comeliness (bi-ḥusn va jamāl mashhūr bāshand)' (Rashīd al-Dīn Fażlallāh Hamadānī 1988: Vol. 1, 99; Rashiduddin Fazlullah 1998–99: Vol. 1, 70).
77:
566:
98:
1351:(In the kingdom of Tarsis there are three provinces, whose rulers have called themselves kings. the men of that country are called Uighours. They always worshipped idols, and they all still worship them, except ten families of those Kings who through the appearance of the Star came to adore the Nativity in Bethlehem of Judah. And there are still many of the great and noble of that family found among the Tartars who hold firmly to the faith of Christ.)
60:
527:
39:
1281:
The Turkic tribes that were still present in the
Mongolian steppes at the turn of the thirteenth century included the Önggüt and the Naiman. The Önggüt were probably descended from the Chuyue, the above-mentioned Western Tujue tribe. The Yuanshi states that the chief of the Önggüt, Alawusi Tijihuli
1348:
In regno Tarsae sunt tres prouinciae, quarum dominatores se reges faciunt appellari. Homines illius patriae nominant Iogour. Semper idola coluerunt, et adhuc colunt omnes, praeter decem cognationes illorum regum, qui per demonstrationem stellae uenerunt adorare natiuitatem in
Bethlehem Judae. Et
687:
in the sixteenth century. The Naiman assimilated into other ethnic groups living in
Eurasia and likely adopted the religion and culture of the dominant group. The Naimans who settled in the western khanates of the Mongol Empire all eventually converted to Islam.
577:
They also exist with considerable population among the
Kazakhs in China, Uzbekistan and Russia, the Naiman tribe populations in the Kazakhs in China is 700000 or more, mostly living in the western part of Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region of China, in the
340:). However, the term "Naiman" has Mongolian origin meaning "eight", but their titles are Turkic, and they are thought by some to be possibly Mongolized Turks. They have been described as Turkic-speaking, as well as Mongolian-speaking. Like the
379:. Kuchlug was well received there and the Khitan Khan gave him his daughter in marriage. Kuchlug soon began plotting against his new father-in-law, and after he usurped the throne, he began to persecute Muslims in the
583:
737:Очир А. Монгольские этнонимы: вопросы происхождения и этнического состава монгольских народов / д.и.н. Э. П. Бакаева, д.и.н. К. В. Орлова. — Элиста: КИГИ РАН, 2016. — 286 с. — С. 116—119. —
1412:, on page 445: "Nam ipse fuerat de progenie trium regum, qui uenerunt natiuitatem domini adorare" ("For he was a descendant of the Three Kings who came to the Nativity to adore the Lord").
3964:
1302:Муканов М. С., Этническая территория казахов в 18 – нач. 20 вв ("Ethnic territory of Kazakhs from the 18th to the beginning of the 20th century"), Almaty, 1991.
562:
of
Kazakhs, live mainly in the eastern, central and southern parts of Kazakhstan, with a population of approximately one million among Kazakhs in Kazakhstan.
1374:
3494:) Turkmen/Turkoman minorities, who mostly adhere to an Ottoman-Turkish heritage and identity. In traditional areas of Turkish settlement (i.e. former
637:
adopted the religion in the 11th century. They remained so after the Mongol conquest and were among the second wave of
Christians to enter China with
3942:
1462:
359:
The
Naimans were located to the west of the Mongols, and there were more Naimans than Mongols in the late 12th century. In 1199, Temüjin (
5126:
1155:
The
Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368: Alien Regimes and Border States, 710 -1368 v. 6
2242:
1695:
1534:
1322:
697:
582:. Naimans are also one of the major tribe among Kazakhs in the Uzbekistan, they also exist among Kazakhs in Kyrgyzstan and Russia.
3759:
367:
launched a campaign against the
Naimans. They defeated Buyirugh, a Naiman khan who ruled the mountain lineage. In 1203, the last
558:
ethnicities and are still found among them. Now, the
Naimans are one of the big tribes of modern Kazakh peoples, they belong to
3527:
775:
668:
who came to Bethlehem to adore the nativity of Our Lord". However, Kitbuqa was slain and his army decisively defeated at the
1251:"A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and y-dna Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples"
1197:
1163:
1136:
1109:
1077:
1046:
963:
912:
867:
840:
813:
762:
742:
3935:
481:, unlike "Western Turks". They were loosely controlled by the Khitan Liao and Jurchen. They were known to resemble ancient
5111:
5070:
1102:
Hidden Treasures and Intercultural Encounters. 2. Auflage: Studies on East Syriac Christianity in China and Central Asia
5106:
1455:
423:
After the collapse of the Yuan dynasty, the Naiman were eventually assimilated into Mongol, Tatar, and Kazakh tribes.
1657:
1233:
1019:
276:
1435:
530:
Ethnographic map of the Middle or Orta zhuz in Kazakhstan in the early 20th century, following M. S. Mukanov (1991).
5080:
579:
5141:
3928:
2521:
506:
664:, was a Naiman: he is recorded to have "loved and honoured the Christians, because he was of the lineage of the
3951:
5146:
1487:
1448:
1349:
adhuc multi magni et nobiles inueniunt inter Tartaros de cognatione illa, qui tenent firmiter fidem Christi.
4983:
3056:
2235:
3789:
3752:
2205:
1539:
440:
321:
3520:
3122:
1069:
2213:
Mongolized ethnic groups.Ethnic groups of Mongolian origin or with a large Mongolian ethnic component.
469:
According to Lee & Kuang, the Naiman and the Önggüt tribes were descending from the remainders of
5116:
3894:
3879:
3814:
3809:
3804:
1566:
599:
5045:
4364:
3454:
3413:
2581:
1425:
987:В поисках вымышленного царства. Трилистник птичьего полёта. 6. Прообраз героя легенды (1100≈1143)
5101:
4908:
4263:
3909:
3889:
3874:
3824:
3819:
2621:
2546:
2310:
2303:
2228:
1527:
1250:
1036:
5136:
5131:
5121:
4896:
4624:
4334:
4042:
3972:
3869:
3839:
3834:
3745:
3536:
3444:
1554:
630:
332:, Vadim Trepavlov classified them as one of Mongol tribes. Other scholars classified them as a
1153:
1126:
1097:
1063:
857:
754:
721:
4636:
4013:
3859:
3794:
3768:
3513:
3100:
2395:
2209:
1507:
1502:
830:
803:
665:
595:
776:
https://365info.kz/2016/08/kazahov-poschitali-po-rodam-samye-mnogochislennye-argyny-i-dulaty
390:
Although the Naiman Khanlig was crushed by the Mongols, they were seen in every part of the
383:. But his action was opposed by local people and he was later defeated by the Mongols under
5075:
5050:
4348:
3899:
3864:
3844:
3799:
3439:
2776:
2400:
2280:
1576:
371:, the ruler of Naimans of the steppe, was killed after a battle with Genghis Khan. His son
8:
5017:
3550:
3303:
2591:
2326:
1824:
1479:
669:
610:
417:
376:
349:
1957:
4946:
4916:
4832:
4410:
4342:
2984:
2786:
2696:
2596:
1561:
1522:
1512:
702:
304:, and were subservient to them until 1175. In the Russian and Soviet historiography of
217:
207:
118:
907:. Костанай: Костанайский региональный институт исторических исследований. p. 59.
405:
4978:
4939:
4921:
4146:
3981:
3602:
3142:
3041:
2502:
2360:
1864:
1492:
1426:
Naiman tribe of Kazakh people – from Knowledge Naiman introduction in Kazakh language
1362:
1311:
1272:
1229:
1193:
1159:
1132:
1105:
1073:
1042:
1015:
959:
908:
863:
836:
809:
758:
738:
474:
280:, the Naiman subtribe the "Güchügüd" are mentioned. According to Russian Turkologist
633:. The Naimans that adopted Nestorianism probably converted around the same time the
4996:
4973:
4926:
4843:
4754:
4521:
4511:
4455:
4444:
4129:
4093:
4001:
3607:
3582:
3449:
3095:
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2811:
2743:
2672:
2616:
2601:
2586:
2571:
2541:
2531:
2507:
2443:
2350:
2142:
1927:
1922:
1894:
1609:
1497:
1471:
1262:
684:
679:
Nestorianism declined and vanished among the Naiman soon after the collapse of the
452:
345:
337:
247:
180:
134:
122:
1151:
5033:
5007:
4968:
4883:
4850:
4837:
4588:
4506:
4159:
4098:
3996:
3849:
3712:
3623:
3597:
3459:
3066:
2977:
2816:
2796:
2701:
2691:
2677:
2606:
2566:
2561:
2526:
2427:
2381:
2355:
2173:
1979:
1874:
1403:
1352:
1223:
1187:
1009:
614:
478:
436:
317:
293:
281:
226:
222:
2005:
1615:
1402:
Citta del Vaticano, Biblioteca apostolica vaticana, 1952, p.162. Also found in
1152:
Denis C. Twitchett; Herbert Franke; John King Fairbank, eds. (26 January 1995).
983:
5055:
5038:
4864:
4809:
4668:
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4309:
4303:
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3127:
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2806:
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2536:
2467:
2294:
2259:
2251:
2158:
2010:
1917:
1748:
1571:
1544:
1370:
936:
Michael Biran. The Empire of the Kara Khitai in Eurasian History,2005, page 57.
502:
470:
444:
432:
325:
313:
297:
4822:
4703:
3264:
2662:
1267:
890:Сочинения. Том V. Работы по истории и филологии тюркских и монгольских народов
755:
D. Kassymova, Z. Kundakbayeva, U. Markus. Historical Dictionary of Kazakhstan.
569:
Map from a 1903 Polish encyclopedia showing the Naiman people living north of
5095:
4791:
4777:
4743:
4715:
4697:
4651:
4645:
4583:
4571:
4461:
4234:
4227:
4221:
4198:
4081:
4062:
4051:
3654:
3592:
3560:
3423:
3228:
3198:
3132:
3071:
2963:
2956:
2903:
2791:
2781:
2556:
2376:
2153:
2147:
2087:
2064:
2000:
1942:
1713:
1703:
1672:
1662:
1594:
1586:
1549:
1517:
1276:
657:
570:
551:
498:
486:
482:
391:
341:
333:
86:
44:
1293:
The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia, by René Grousset, p190
559:
5012:
4988:
4952:
4931:
4857:
4827:
4817:
4784:
4769:
4709:
4683:
4598:
4419:
4384:
4372:
4272:
4248:
4241:
4192:
4172:
4154:
4116:
3779:
3719:
3659:
3575:
3555:
3471:
3338:
3323:
3137:
3076:
3046:
3010:
2970:
2834:
2706:
2683:
2451:
2387:
2274:
2121:
2115:
2054:
1952:
1809:
1733:
680:
565:
448:
360:
329:
305:
285:
164:
652:
There was a tradition that the Naimans and their Christian relatives, the
4798:
4737:
4725:
4720:
4690:
4561:
4426:
4378:
4298:
4288:
4283:
4165:
4104:
4087:
4075:
4068:
4057:
4007:
3920:
3570:
3475:
3358:
3353:
3297:
2801:
2717:
2644:
2513:
2494:
2317:
2126:
2049:
1804:
1652:
1098:"Medieval Sources on the Naiman Christians and their Prince Küchlüg Khan"
642:
638:
606:
463:
368:
301:
289:
1325:, Program for Culture and Conflict Studies, US Naval Postgraduate School
300:
were part of the Naiman Khanate. They had diplomatic relations with the
5000:
4731:
4676:
4657:
4612:
4531:
4516:
4433:
4399:
4392:
4316:
4021:
3990:
3158:
2405:
2178:
2131:
1622:
1431:
see the Naiman of Kazakhs at tribal system of Kazakh people www.elim.kz
547:
543:
380:
259:
242:, were a medieval tribe originating in the territory of modern Western
155:
151:
147:
103:
3343:
2487:
4323:
4135:
4123:
3829:
3784:
3698:
3373:
3363:
3310:
3277:
3163:
2949:
2911:
2892:
2872:
2847:
2753:
2287:
1879:
1834:
1768:
1382:
1212:
Ratchnevsky, Paul. "Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy". 2000, pp.1–4.
998:
Ratchnevsky, Paul. "Genghis Khan: His Life and Legacy". 2000, pp.1–4.
626:
160:
4526:
4466:
4439:
3690:
3680:
3629:
3483:
3328:
3272:
3258:
3243:
3218:
3208:
3178:
2867:
2854:
2840:
2421:
2092:
2069:
1819:
1793:
1763:
1758:
1738:
1728:
1440:
774:Казахов посчитали по родам: самые многочисленные — аргыны и дулаты
653:
646:
634:
510:
451:, Vadim Trepavlov the origin of the Naimans was connected with the
353:
243:
234:
138:
65:
3702:
1221:
1007:
748:
526:
4876:
4578:
4566:
4556:
4496:
4486:
4481:
4476:
3884:
3664:
3418:
3368:
3318:
3292:
3248:
3238:
3193:
3188:
3173:
3090:
3036:
2999:
2994:
2887:
2877:
2862:
2711:
2480:
2434:
2345:
2220:
2136:
2079:
2059:
2044:
2031:
2025:
2020:
1994:
1912:
1907:
1884:
1869:
1859:
1851:
1773:
1753:
1743:
1708:
1667:
1642:
1632:
1599:
661:
602:
535:
473:
of Central and Eastern Mongolia, which stood not in contact with
456:
413:
372:
364:
309:
263:
255:
38:
3737:
1678:
4870:
4763:
4541:
4501:
4471:
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3393:
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3333:
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3168:
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3018:
3004:
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2897:
2725:
2639:
2183:
2163:
2037:
1989:
1984:
1971:
1932:
1788:
1778:
1723:
1718:
1637:
1604:
673:
660:. The commander of the Mongol army that invaded Syria in 1259,
555:
534:
Modern Kazakh historians claim that more than 2 million of the
409:
400:
395:
251:
539:
4890:
4618:
4593:
4551:
4278:
4110:
3706:
3685:
3649:
3491:
3388:
3348:
3253:
3213:
2931:
2926:
2758:
2473:
2189:
2098:
2015:
1947:
1829:
1814:
1798:
1647:
1627:
1430:
143:
82:
3487:
3479:
1902:
1685:
1038:
The Turks of Central Asia in History and at the Present Day
902:
384:
195:
189:
1222:
Roemer, Hans Robert; Scharlipp, Wolfgang-Ekkehard (2000).
1008:
Roemer, Hans Robert; Scharlipp, Wolfgang-Ekkehard (2000).
958:. Москва: Институт Востоковедения РАН. 2001. p. 326.
715:
16:
12th-century tribal confederation of the Mongolian Plateau
1367:
Novus orbis regionum ac insularum veteribus incognitarum,
284:'s view, the Naiman Khanate's western border reached the
1225:
History of the Turkic Peoples in the Pre-Islamic Period
1011:
History of the Turkic Peoples in the Pre-Islamic Period
956:Этнический национализм и государственное строительство
198:
186:
645:
during the Mongol conquests where some converted to
505:
of China. The clan Naiman changed the clan name and
312:tribes. For instance, such Russian orientalists as
192:
183:
43:Location of the Naiman khanate at the start of the
789:Язык монголов Внутренней Монголии. Очерк диалектов
375:with his remaining Naiman troops then fled to the
808:. St. Martin's Publishing Group. pp. 19–20.
5093:
1338:. (New York: P. J. Kennedy and Sons, 1956) p. 37
1158:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 338–339.
1893:
1128:Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania
1124:
887:
757:— Scarecrow Press, 2012. — 362 p. — P. 191. —
672:, ensuring continued Muslim hegemony over the
497:The modern Naiman tribe is an ethnic group in
455:. Gumilev believed that they were part of the
3936:
3753:
3521:
2236:
1456:
1436:The relationship between Naimans with Khitans
1189:East Syriac Christianity in Mongol-Yuan China
786:
288:and its eastern border reached the Mongolian
1398:(1307), quoted in Ugo Monneret de Villard,
489:and their girls were known to be beautiful.
1410:De Cobila Can quinto Imperatore Tartarorum
979:
977:
975:
805:Genghis Khan: Life, Death, and Resurrection
584:See Naimans introduction in Kazakh language
3950:
3943:
3929:
3760:
3746:
3528:
3514:
2243:
2229:
1463:
1449:
1400:Le Leggende orientali sui Magi evangelici,
1249:Lee, Joo-Yup; Kuang, Shuntu (2017-10-18).
1091:
1089:
883:
881:
879:
822:
37:
1396:La flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient
1359:La flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient
1266:
1131:. Chelsea House Publishers. p. 577.
1100:. In Dietmar W. Winkler; Li Tang (eds.).
1034:
862:. Harvard University Press. p. 407.
336:from Sekiz Oghuz (means "Eight Oghuz" in
308:they were traditionally ranked among the
1248:
1061:
972:
698:List of medieval Mongol tribes and clans
564:
525:
1296:
1095:
1086:
876:
849:
835:. Oxford University Press. p. 46.
828:
733:
731:
729:
516:
5094:
950:
948:
946:
944:
942:
832:The Mongols: A Very Short Introduction
795:
233:
3924:
3741:
3509:
2224:
1444:
1181:
1179:
1177:
1175:
625:The main religion of the Naimans was
550:. Some Naimans dissimilated with the
216:
1470:
1185:
1125:Barbara A. West, ed. (19 May 2010).
1035:Czaplicka, Marie Antoinette (2001).
927:History of Mongolia, Volume II, 2003
903:Кузембайулы А., Абиль Е. А. (2006).
855:
726:
722:Үндэсний Статистикийн Хороо. Найман.
52:Regions with significant populations
5071:Unrecognized ethnic groups in China
1028:
939:
801:
462:Other scholars connected them with
250:), and are one of the 92 tribes of
13:
5127:Church of the East in Central Asia
2250:
1172:
431:According to such orientalists as
14:
5158:
3767:
1419:
683:. Mongolian Naimans converted to
408:might have been from this tribe.
277:The Secret History of the Mongols
246:(possibly during the time of the
5076:Immigrant ethnic groups in China
3535:
3486:, distinct from Levantine (i.e.
1192:. Harrassowitz. pp. 30–32.
641:. Some Nestorian Naiman fled to
580:Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture
492:
179:
96:
75:
58:
3617:Related ethnic groups and clans
1388:
1341:
1328:
1316:
1305:
1287:
1242:
1215:
1206:
1145:
1118:
1055:
1001:
992:
930:
921:
896:
546:). They originate from eastern
426:
780:
768:
1:
1041:. Adamant Media Corporation.
892:. Москва: Наука. p. 104.
708:
605:who are of Naiman origin. In
791:. Москва: Наука. p. 84.
538:population are Naimans (see
7:
856:Mote, Frederick W. (2003).
691:
620:
10:
5163:
5112:Mongolian tribes and clans
1070:Cambridge University Press
703:Southern Mongolian dialect
609:they mainly reside in the
589:
521:
269:
5107:History of Inner Mongolia
5066:
5026:
4961:
4907:
4808:
4753:
4635:
4409:
4363:
4333:
4262:
4214:
4182:
4145:
4041:
3980:
3971:
3958:
3775:
3728:
3673:
3616:
3543:
3468:
3432:
3406:
3151:
3109:
3055:
3027:
2825:
2767:
2734:
2653:
2630:
2587:Meskhetian (Ahiska) Turks
2460:
2414:
2369:
2338:
2267:
2258:
2202:
2108:
2078:
1970:
1850:
1843:
1694:
1585:
1478:
1377:, Basel, 1532, caput ii,
1268:10.1163/22105018-12340089
1065:A History of the Crusades
1062:Runciman, Steven (1987).
230:
211:
133:
128:
117:
112:
94:
73:
56:
51:
36:
27:
5046:Local ethnic nationalism
3965:recognized ethnic groups
3730:Origin is controversial.
3455:Turkish Cypriot diaspora
3123:Bulgarian Crimean Tatars
1228:. Klaus Schwarz Verlag.
1014:. Klaus Schwarz Verlag.
829:Rossabi, Morris (2012).
363:) together with an ally
28:
2612:Syrian Turkmen/Turkoman
2268:Azerbaijani communities
1357:, 1307 AD, also called
1323:Hazara tribal structure
1096:Li Tang (29 May 2009).
888:Бартольд В. В. (1968).
859:Imperial China 900-1800
507:mixed with other tribes
453:Mongol-speaking peoples
5142:Turkic peoples of Asia
5081:Historic ethnic groups
3952:Ethnic groups in China
3445:Crimean Tatar diaspora
2622:Western Thracian Turks
2557:Iraqi Turkmen/Turkoman
787:Тодаева Б. Х. (1985).
631:Nestorian Christianity
574:
531:
439:, Boris Vladimirtsov,
412:had a Naiman general,
320:, Boris Vladimirtsov,
3152:Extinct Turkic groups
3110:Turkic minorities in
3057:Turkic minorities in
3028:Turkic minorities in
2826:Turkic minorities in
2304:Georgian Azerbaijanis
1334:Cary-Elwes, Columba.
666:Three Kings of Orient
656:, descended from the
573:in eastern Kazakhstan
568:
529:
5147:Tribal confederacies
3470:Central Asian (i.e.
3440:Azerbaijani diaspora
2777:Iranian Azerbaijanis
2415:Turkmen communities
2311:Western Azerbaijanis
2281:Iranian Azerbaijanis
540:Modern Kazakh tribes
517:Among Turkic peoples
350:Nestorian Christians
348:, many of them were
3551:Tatar confederation
2461:Turkish communities
2327:Javanshir Qizilbash
1394:Hayton of Corycus,
1383:English translation
1375:Johannes Huttichius
1336:China and the Cross
670:Battle of Ain Jalut
611:Sheikh Ali District
477:groups West of the
418:Battle of Ain Jalut
377:Kara-Khitan Khanate
24:
2985:Siberian Bukharans
2787:Chaharmahali Turks
2768:Turkic minorities
2735:Turkic minorities
2654:Turkic minorities
2370:Kyrgyz communities
2339:Kazakh communities
2206:Donghu and Xianbei
1562:Mongolian nobility
1513:Slab Grave culture
1354:De Tartaris Liber,
905:История Казахстана
802:Man, John (2013).
575:
532:
416:, who died in the
22:
5089:
5088:
4258:
4257:
3918:
3917:
3735:
3734:
3603:Astrakhan Khanate
3503:
3502:
3402:
3401:
3313:
3306:
3267:
3143:Tatars of Romania
3116:
3085:
3042:Mongolian Kazakhs
3013:
2987:
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2857:
2850:
2843:
2720:
2686:
2597:Palestinian Turks
2592:Montenegrin Turks
2516:
2497:
2490:
2483:
2476:
2446:
2437:
2430:
2390:
2361:Mongolian Kazakhs
2329:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2297:
2290:
2283:
2218:
2217:
2198:
2197:
1966:
1965:
1493:Mongolian Plateau
1405:De Tartaris Liber
1363:Hayton of Corycus
1312:"Kazakh shezhire"
1199:978-3-447-06580-1
1186:Tang, Li (2011).
1165:978-0-521-24331-5
1138:978-1-4381-1913-7
1111:978-3-643-50045-8
1079:978-0-521-34770-9
1048:978-1-4021-6332-6
965:978-5-89282-193-3
914:978-9965-612-06-0
869:978-0-674-01212-7
842:978-0-19-993935-0
815:978-1-4668-6156-5
763:978-0-8108-7983-6
743:978-5-903833-93-1
441:Ilya Petrushevsky
322:Ilya Petrushevsky
235:[nɑjˈmɑn]
218:[ˈnɛːmɴ̩]
171:
170:
5154:
5117:Southern Mongols
4947:Tajiks (Pamiris)
3978:
3977:
3945:
3938:
3931:
3922:
3921:
3762:
3755:
3748:
3739:
3738:
3583:Chagatai Khanate
3530:
3523:
3516:
3507:
3506:
3450:Turkish diaspora
3309:
3302:
3263:
3114:
3096:Karategin Uzbeks
3081:
3009:
2983:
2976:
2969:
2962:
2955:
2948:
2943:Astrakhan Tatars
2941:
2906:
2853:
2846:
2839:
2812:Iranian Turkmens
2744:Crimean Karaites
2716:
2682:
2582:Macedonian Turks
2547:Dodecanese Turks
2512:
2493:
2486:
2479:
2472:
2444:Iranian Turkmens
2442:
2433:
2426:
2386:
2325:
2316:
2309:
2302:
2293:
2286:
2279:
2265:
2264:
2245:
2238:
2231:
2222:
2221:
1895:Southern Mongols
1891:
1890:
1848:
1847:
1498:Mongol heartland
1472:Mongolic peoples
1465:
1458:
1451:
1442:
1441:
1413:
1392:
1386:
1345:
1339:
1332:
1326:
1320:
1314:
1309:
1303:
1300:
1294:
1291:
1285:
1284:
1270:
1246:
1240:
1239:
1219:
1213:
1210:
1204:
1203:
1183:
1170:
1169:
1149:
1143:
1142:
1122:
1116:
1115:
1093:
1084:
1083:
1059:
1053:
1052:
1032:
1026:
1025:
1005:
999:
996:
990:
981:
970:
969:
952:
937:
934:
928:
925:
919:
918:
900:
894:
893:
885:
874:
873:
853:
847:
846:
826:
820:
819:
799:
793:
792:
784:
778:
772:
766:
752:
746:
735:
724:
719:
685:Tibetan Buddhism
248:Uyghur Khaganate
237:
232:
220:
215:
214:
205:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
185:
135:Tibetan Buddhism
102:
100:
99:
81:
79:
78:
64:
62:
61:
41:
31:
25:
21:
5162:
5161:
5157:
5156:
5155:
5153:
5152:
5151:
5092:
5091:
5090:
5085:
5062:
5034:Han nationalism
5022:
4969:African Chinese
4957:
4903:
4804:
4749:
4631:
4589:Sichuan Mongols
4405:
4359:
4329:
4254:
4210:
4178:
4141:
4037:
3967:
3954:
3949:
3919:
3914:
3850:Muhammad Khwaja
3771:
3766:
3736:
3731:
3724:
3669:
3612:
3598:Crimean Khanate
3539:
3534:
3504:
3499:
3464:
3460:Kazakh diaspora
3428:
3398:
3147:
3113:
3111:
3105:
3067:Afghan Turkmens
3058:
3051:
3029:
3023:
2978:Siberian Tatars
2902:
2827:
2821:
2817:Iranian Kazakhs
2797:Khorasani Turks
2769:
2763:
2736:
2730:
2673:Chinese Kazakhs
2655:
2649:
2632:
2631:Turkic peoples
2626:
2527:Bulgarian Turks
2503:Abkhazian Turks
2456:
2428:Afghan Turkmens
2410:
2365:
2356:Iranian Kazakhs
2351:Chinese Kazakhs
2334:
2254:
2249:
2219:
2214:
2212:
2194:
2174:Sichuan Mongols
2104:
2074:
1980:Altai Uriankhai
1962:
1889:
1839:
1696:Medieval tribes
1690:
1581:
1567:Writing systems
1535:Medieval tribes
1474:
1469:
1422:
1417:
1416:
1393:
1389:
1379:De Regno Tarsae
1346:
1342:
1333:
1329:
1321:
1317:
1310:
1306:
1301:
1297:
1292:
1288:
1247:
1243:
1236:
1220:
1216:
1211:
1207:
1200:
1184:
1173:
1166:
1150:
1146:
1139:
1123:
1119:
1112:
1094:
1087:
1080:
1060:
1056:
1049:
1033:
1029:
1022:
1006:
1002:
997:
993:
982:
973:
966:
954:
953:
940:
935:
931:
926:
922:
915:
901:
897:
886:
877:
870:
854:
850:
843:
827:
823:
816:
800:
796:
785:
781:
773:
769:
753:
749:
736:
727:
720:
716:
711:
694:
623:
615:Parwan Province
592:
524:
519:
495:
479:Altai Mountains
437:Grigory Potanin
429:
318:Grigory Potanin
310:Mongol-speaking
294:Altai Mountains
282:Nikolai Aristov
272:
212:
182:
178:
163:
159:
142:
97:
95:
76:
74:
59:
57:
47:
32:
29:
20:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5160:
5150:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5134:
5129:
5124:
5119:
5114:
5109:
5104:
5102:Mongol peoples
5087:
5086:
5084:
5083:
5078:
5073:
5067:
5064:
5063:
5061:
5060:
5059:
5058:
5056:Zhonghua minzu
5048:
5043:
5042:
5041:
5030:
5028:
5024:
5023:
5021:
5020:
5015:
5010:
5005:
4993:
4992:
4991:
4981:
4976:
4971:
4965:
4963:
4959:
4958:
4956:
4955:
4950:
4943:
4936:
4935:
4934:
4924:
4919:
4913:
4911:
4905:
4904:
4902:
4901:
4900:
4899:
4887:
4880:
4873:
4868:
4861:
4854:
4847:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4814:
4812:
4806:
4805:
4803:
4802:
4795:
4788:
4781:
4774:
4773:
4772:
4759:
4757:
4751:
4750:
4748:
4747:
4740:
4735:
4728:
4723:
4718:
4713:
4706:
4701:
4694:
4687:
4680:
4673:
4672:
4671:
4666:
4654:
4649:
4641:
4639:
4633:
4632:
4630:
4629:
4628:
4627:
4615:
4610:
4603:
4602:
4601:
4596:
4591:
4586:
4581:
4576:
4575:
4574:
4569:
4564:
4559:
4554:
4549:
4539:
4534:
4529:
4524:
4519:
4514:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4452:
4447:
4442:
4437:
4430:
4423:
4415:
4413:
4407:
4406:
4404:
4403:
4396:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4375:
4369:
4367:
4361:
4360:
4358:
4357:
4352:
4345:
4339:
4337:
4331:
4330:
4328:
4327:
4320:
4313:
4306:
4301:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4281:
4276:
4268:
4266:
4260:
4259:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4252:
4245:
4238:
4231:
4224:
4218:
4216:
4212:
4211:
4209:
4208:
4201:
4196:
4188:
4186:
4180:
4179:
4177:
4176:
4169:
4162:
4157:
4151:
4149:
4143:
4142:
4140:
4139:
4132:
4127:
4120:
4113:
4108:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4084:
4079:
4072:
4065:
4060:
4055:
4047:
4045:
4039:
4038:
4036:
4035:
4030:
4025:
4018:
4017:
4016:
4004:
3999:
3994:
3986:
3984:
3975:
3969:
3968:
3959:
3956:
3955:
3948:
3947:
3940:
3933:
3925:
3916:
3915:
3913:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3897:
3892:
3887:
3882:
3877:
3872:
3867:
3862:
3857:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3776:
3773:
3772:
3765:
3764:
3757:
3750:
3742:
3733:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3725:
3723:
3722:
3717:
3710:
3688:
3683:
3677:
3675:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3647:
3642:
3637:
3632:
3627:
3620:
3618:
3614:
3613:
3611:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3588:Timurid Empire
3585:
3580:
3579:
3578:
3568:
3566:Kazakh Khanate
3563:
3558:
3553:
3547:
3545:
3541:
3540:
3533:
3532:
3525:
3518:
3510:
3501:
3500:
3469:
3466:
3465:
3463:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3436:
3434:
3430:
3429:
3427:
3426:
3421:
3416:
3410:
3408:
3404:
3403:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3391:
3386:
3381:
3379:Yenisei Kyrgyz
3376:
3371:
3366:
3361:
3356:
3351:
3346:
3341:
3336:
3331:
3326:
3321:
3316:
3315:
3314:
3307:
3295:
3290:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3256:
3251:
3246:
3241:
3236:
3231:
3226:
3221:
3216:
3211:
3206:
3201:
3196:
3191:
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3140:
3135:
3130:
3128:Finnish Tatars
3125:
3119:
3117:
3107:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3098:
3093:
3088:
3087:
3086:
3074:
3069:
3063:
3061:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3049:
3044:
3039:
3033:
3031:
3025:
3024:
3022:
3021:
3016:
3015:
3014:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2974:
2967:
2960:
2953:
2946:
2934:
2929:
2924:
2919:
2914:
2909:
2908:
2907:
2895:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2859:
2858:
2851:
2844:
2831:
2829:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2749:Crimean Tatars
2746:
2740:
2738:
2732:
2731:
2729:
2728:
2723:
2722:
2721:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2692:Chinese Uzbeks
2689:
2688:
2687:
2678:Chinese Kyrgyz
2675:
2670:
2668:Chinese Tatars
2665:
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2636:
2634:
2628:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2619:
2617:Tunisian Turks
2614:
2609:
2604:
2602:Romanian Turks
2599:
2594:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2572:Lebanese Turks
2569:
2564:
2559:
2554:
2552:Egyptian Turks
2549:
2544:
2539:
2534:
2532:Croatian Turks
2529:
2524:
2519:
2518:
2517:
2508:Algerian Turks
2505:
2500:
2499:
2498:
2491:
2484:
2477:
2464:
2462:
2458:
2457:
2455:
2454:
2449:
2448:
2447:
2440:
2439:
2438:
2418:
2416:
2412:
2411:
2409:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2382:Chinese Kyrgyz
2379:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2331:
2330:
2323:
2322:
2321:
2307:
2300:
2299:
2298:
2291:
2271:
2269:
2262:
2256:
2255:
2252:Turkic peoples
2248:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2225:
2216:
2215:
2203:
2200:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2193:
2192:
2187:
2181:
2176:
2171:
2161:
2156:
2151:
2145:
2140:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2112:
2110:
2106:
2105:
2103:
2102:
2096:
2090:
2084:
2082:
2076:
2075:
2073:
2072:
2067:
2062:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2042:
2041:
2040:
2029:
2023:
2018:
2013:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1992:
1987:
1982:
1976:
1974:
1968:
1967:
1964:
1963:
1961:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1918:Eastern Dorbet
1915:
1910:
1905:
1899:
1897:
1888:
1887:
1882:
1877:
1872:
1867:
1862:
1856:
1854:
1845:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1837:
1832:
1827:
1822:
1817:
1812:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1776:
1771:
1766:
1761:
1756:
1751:
1746:
1741:
1736:
1731:
1726:
1721:
1716:
1711:
1706:
1700:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1683:
1682:
1681:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1619:
1618:
1607:
1602:
1597:
1591:
1589:
1583:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1574:
1572:Soyombo symbol
1569:
1564:
1559:
1558:
1557:
1552:
1545:Nomadic empire
1542:
1537:
1532:
1531:
1530:
1528:Proto-Mongolic
1520:
1515:
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1484:
1482:
1476:
1475:
1468:
1467:
1460:
1453:
1445:
1439:
1438:
1433:
1428:
1421:
1420:External links
1418:
1415:
1414:
1387:
1371:Simon Grynaeus
1340:
1327:
1315:
1304:
1295:
1286:
1261:(2): 197–239.
1241:
1234:
1214:
1205:
1198:
1171:
1164:
1144:
1137:
1117:
1110:
1104:. Lit Verlag.
1085:
1078:
1054:
1047:
1027:
1020:
1000:
991:
971:
964:
938:
929:
920:
913:
895:
875:
868:
848:
841:
821:
814:
794:
779:
767:
747:
725:
713:
712:
710:
707:
706:
705:
700:
693:
690:
622:
619:
591:
588:
523:
520:
518:
515:
503:Inner Mongolia
494:
491:
471:Turkic peoples
445:Nicholas Poppe
433:Vasily Bartold
428:
425:
326:Nicholas Poppe
314:Vasily Bartold
298:Altai Republic
271:
268:
169:
168:
131:
130:
126:
125:
115:
114:
110:
109:
106:
92:
91:
89:
71:
70:
68:
54:
53:
49:
48:
42:
34:
33:
18:
15:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5159:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5137:Kyrgyz tribes
5135:
5133:
5132:Kazakh tribes
5130:
5128:
5125:
5123:
5122:Hazara tribes
5120:
5118:
5115:
5113:
5110:
5108:
5105:
5103:
5100:
5099:
5097:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
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5057:
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5049:
5047:
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5040:
5037:
5036:
5035:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5025:
5019:
5016:
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5011:
5009:
5006:
5004:
5002:
4998:
4994:
4990:
4987:
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4982:
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4930:
4929:
4928:
4925:
4923:
4920:
4918:
4915:
4914:
4912:
4910:
4909:Indo-European
4906:
4898:
4895:
4894:
4893:
4892:
4888:
4886:
4885:
4881:
4879:
4878:
4874:
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4779:
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4758:
4756:
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4714:
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4707:
4705:
4702:
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4695:
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4688:
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4609:
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4604:
4600:
4597:
4595:
4592:
4590:
4587:
4585:
4582:
4580:
4577:
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4572:Upper Mongols
4570:
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4565:
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4560:
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4287:
4285:
4282:
4280:
4277:
4275:
4274:
4270:
4269:
4267:
4265:
4264:Austroasiatic
4261:
4251:
4250:
4246:
4244:
4243:
4239:
4237:
4236:
4232:
4230:
4229:
4225:
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3808:
3806:
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3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3777:
3774:
3770:
3769:Hazara tribes
3763:
3758:
3756:
3751:
3749:
3744:
3743:
3740:
3727:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3715:
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3684:
3682:
3679:
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3676:
3672:
3666:
3663:
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3656:
3655:Mughal people
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3643:
3641:
3638:
3636:
3633:
3631:
3628:
3625:
3622:
3621:
3619:
3615:
3609:
3608:Kazan Khanate
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3594:
3593:Mughal Empire
3591:
3589:
3586:
3584:
3581:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3572:
3569:
3567:
3564:
3562:
3561:Uzbek Khanate
3559:
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3498:territories).
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3409:
3405:
3395:
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3390:
3387:
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3227:
3225:
3222:
3220:
3217:
3215:
3212:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3199:Black Klobuks
3197:
3195:
3192:
3190:
3187:
3185:
3182:
3180:
3177:
3175:
3172:
3170:
3167:
3165:
3162:
3160:
3157:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3144:
3141:
3139:
3136:
3134:
3131:
3129:
3126:
3124:
3121:
3120:
3118:
3115:(exc. Russia)
3108:
3102:
3101:Afghan Kyrgyz
3099:
3097:
3094:
3092:
3089:
3084:
3080:
3079:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3064:
3062:
3060:
3054:
3048:
3045:
3043:
3040:
3038:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3026:
3020:
3017:
3012:
3008:
3007:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2986:
2982:
2981:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2965:
2961:
2958:
2957:Mishar Tatars
2954:
2951:
2947:
2944:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2933:
2930:
2928:
2925:
2923:
2920:
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2915:
2913:
2910:
2905:
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2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
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2810:
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2800:
2798:
2795:
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2757:
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2733:
2727:
2724:
2719:
2715:
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2710:
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2703:
2700:
2698:
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2676:
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2664:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2637:
2635:
2633:in Uzbekistan
2629:
2623:
2620:
2618:
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2607:Serbian Turks
2605:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:Kosovan Turks
2565:
2563:
2562:Israeli Turks
2560:
2558:
2555:
2553:
2550:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2542:Cypriot Turks
2540:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2528:
2525:
2523:
2522:Bosnian Turks
2520:
2515:
2511:
2510:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2492:
2489:
2485:
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2424:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2417:
2413:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2396:Afghan Kyrgyz
2394:
2389:
2385:
2384:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2359:
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2328:
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2211:
2207:
2201:
2191:
2188:
2185:
2182:
2180:
2177:
2175:
2172:
2169:
2168:Yunnan Mongol
2165:
2162:
2160:
2157:
2155:
2152:
2149:
2146:
2144:
2141:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2100:
2097:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2081:
2077:
2071:
2068:
2066:
2065:Upper Mongols
2063:
2061:
2058:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2034:
2033:
2030:
2027:
2024:
2022:
2019:
2017:
2014:
2012:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1975:
1973:
1969:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1914:
1911:
1909:
1906:
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1901:
1900:
1898:
1896:
1892:
1886:
1883:
1881:
1878:
1876:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1866:
1863:
1861:
1858:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1849:
1846:
1844:Ethnic groups
1842:
1836:
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1828:
1826:
1823:
1821:
1818:
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1730:
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1722:
1720:
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1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1704:Khamag Mongol
1702:
1701:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1684:
1680:
1676:
1675:
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1611:
1608:
1606:
1603:
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1598:
1596:
1593:
1592:
1590:
1588:
1587:Proto-Mongols
1584:
1578:
1575:
1573:
1570:
1568:
1565:
1563:
1560:
1556:
1553:
1551:
1550:Mongol Empire
1548:
1547:
1546:
1543:
1541:
1538:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1525:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1518:Ordos culture
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
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1437:
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1423:
1411:
1408:, caput XXX,
1407:
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1397:
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1384:
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1368:
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1360:
1356:
1355:
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1337:
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1308:
1299:
1290:
1283:
1278:
1274:
1269:
1264:
1260:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1237:
1235:3-87997-283-4
1231:
1227:
1226:
1218:
1209:
1201:
1195:
1191:
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1178:
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1129:
1121:
1113:
1107:
1103:
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1092:
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1081:
1075:
1071:
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1058:
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1039:
1031:
1023:
1021:3-87997-283-4
1017:
1013:
1012:
1004:
995:
988:
986:
985:Гумилёв Л. Н.
980:
978:
976:
967:
961:
957:
951:
949:
947:
945:
943:
933:
924:
916:
910:
906:
899:
891:
884:
882:
880:
871:
865:
861:
860:
852:
844:
838:
834:
833:
825:
817:
811:
807:
806:
798:
790:
783:
777:
771:
764:
760:
756:
751:
744:
740:
734:
732:
730:
723:
718:
714:
704:
701:
699:
696:
695:
689:
686:
682:
677:
675:
671:
667:
663:
659:
658:Biblical Magi
655:
650:
648:
644:
640:
636:
632:
628:
618:
616:
612:
608:
604:
601:
597:
587:
585:
581:
572:
571:Lake Balkhash
567:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
528:
514:
512:
508:
504:
500:
499:Naiman Banner
493:Among Mongols
490:
488:
484:
480:
476:
472:
467:
465:
460:
458:
454:
450:
446:
442:
438:
434:
424:
421:
419:
415:
411:
407:
403:
402:
397:
393:
392:Mongol Empire
388:
386:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
357:
355:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
334:Turkic people
331:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
296:and southern
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
278:
267:
265:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
236:
228:
224:
219:
209:
203:
176:
166:
162:
157:
153:
149:
145:
140:
136:
132:
127:
124:
120:
116:
111:
107:
105:
93:
90:
88:
87:Naiman Banner
84:
72:
69:
67:
55:
50:
46:
45:Mongol Empire
40:
35:
26:
4995:
4989:Kaifeng Jews
4945:
4938:
4889:
4882:
4875:
4863:
4856:
4849:
4842:
4797:
4790:
4783:
4776:
4762:
4742:
4730:
4708:
4696:
4689:
4682:
4675:
4656:
4644:
4617:
4605:
4536:
4454:
4432:
4425:
4418:
4398:
4391:
4377:
4347:
4335:Austronesian
4322:
4315:
4308:
4271:
4247:
4240:
4233:
4226:
4203:
4191:
4171:
4164:
4134:
4122:
4115:
4103:
4086:
4074:
4067:
4050:
4043:Lolo-Burmese
4020:
4006:
3989:
3973:Sino-Tibetan
3960:
3854:
3790:Bache Ghulam
3713:
3660:Aimaq people
3639:
3576:Budjak Horde
3556:Golden Horde
3537:Turco-Mongol
3287:
3138:Lipka Tatars
3011:Tozhu Tuvans
2971:Volga Tatars
2684:Akto Turkmen
2577:Libyan Turks
2537:Cretan Turks
2452:Akto Turkmen
2401:Tajik Kyrgyz
2388:Akto Turkmen
2275:Azerbaijanis
2210:Turco-Mongol
2167:
1937:
1783:
1555:Turco-Mongol
1540:Modern clans
1409:
1404:
1399:
1395:
1390:
1378:
1366:
1358:
1353:
1347:
1343:
1335:
1330:
1318:
1307:
1298:
1289:
1280:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1224:
1217:
1208:
1188:
1154:
1147:
1127:
1120:
1101:
1064:
1057:
1037:
1030:
1010:
1003:
994:
984:
955:
932:
923:
904:
898:
889:
858:
851:
831:
824:
804:
797:
788:
782:
770:
750:
717:
681:Yuan dynasty
678:
651:
624:
593:
576:
533:
496:
468:
461:
449:Lev Gumilyov
430:
427:Ethnic roots
422:
399:
389:
361:Genghis Khan
358:
330:Lev Gumilyov
306:Central Asia
302:Kara-Khitans
286:Irtysh River
275:
273:
239:
174:
172:
165:Nestorianism
19:Ethnic group
4833:Fuyu Kyrgyz
3571:Nogai Horde
3359:Toquz Oghuz
3298:Oghuz Turks
3265:Sir-Kıvchak
3059:Afghanistan
2802:Qarai Turks
2718:Tor Uyghurs
2697:Fuyu Kyrgyz
2645:Karakalpaks
2514:Kouloughlis
2318:Karapapakhs
2055:Sart Kalmyk
1805:Qara Khitai
643:Kara Khitai
639:Kublai Khan
607:Afghanistan
594:There is a
464:Sekiz Oghuz
369:Tayang khan
290:Tamir River
258:and in the
238:), meaning
5096:Categories
5039:chauvinism
5018:Pakistanis
5001:Chaoxianzu
4613:Sogwo Arig
4532:Muumyangan
4517:Khishigten
4365:Hmong-Mien
4317:Vietnamese
3961:Underlined
3895:Sheikh Ali
3880:Qara Baghi
3815:Dai Mirdad
3810:Dai Khitai
3805:Dai Chopan
3720:Tug banner
2406:Van Kyrgyz
2288:Shahsevans
2204:See also:
2179:Sogwo Arig
1369:edited by
1255:Inner Asia
709:References
600:Sheikh Ali
560:Middle Juz
548:Kazakhstan
544:Middle Juz
485:and later
404:("queen")
381:Hami Oases
260:middle juz
156:Kyrgyzstan
152:Uzbekistan
148:Kazakhstan
104:Kazakhstan
4917:Armenians
4838:Ili Turks
4434:Dongxiang
4130:Qixingmin
4014:subgroups
4002:Chuanqing
3963:: the 56
3830:Daizinyat
3785:Attarwala
3699:Ergenekon
3433:Diasporas
3374:Xueyantuo
3364:Uriankhai
3311:Pechenegs
3304:Turkomans
3278:Kutrigurs
2950:Kryashens
2912:Kumandins
2893:Karachays
2873:Besermyan
2848:Telengits
2754:Krymchaks
2737:in Crimea
2702:Ili Turks
2295:Küresünni
2132:Dongxiang
1880:Khotogoid
1865:Dariganga
1835:Uriankhai
1810:Qara'unas
1769:Khongirad
1523:Languages
1381:, p.420.
1277:2210-5018
627:shamanism
420:in 1260.
398:'s great
354:Buddhists
254:, modern
240:The Eight
208:Mongolian
161:Shamanism
113:Languages
5008:Macanese
4979:Japanese
4940:Russians
4922:Iranians
4818:Altaians
4755:Tungusic
4527:Khuuchid
4522:Khorchin
4512:Kharchin
4467:Abaganar
4440:Hamnigan
4411:Mongolic
4343:Filipino
4160:Gyalrong
3910:Uruzgani
3905:Turkmani
3890:Qataghan
3875:Qalandar
3825:Daizangi
3820:Daikundi
3691:Tengrism
3681:Kurultai
3630:Keraites
3484:Turkmens
3472:Turkmeni
3329:Saragurs
3273:Kurykans
3259:Kipchaks
3244:Keraites
3229:Göktürks
3219:Dughlats
3209:Dingling
3179:Berendei
3030:Mongolia
3000:Tofalars
2964:Nağaybäk
2868:Bashkirs
2855:Tubalars
2841:Chelkans
2835:Altaians
2656:in China
2488:Tahtacıs
2481:Muhacirs
2422:Turkmens
2093:Hamnigan
2070:Zakhchin
1958:Üzemchin
1928:Khorchin
1923:Kharchin
1820:Taichiud
1794:Olkhonud
1729:Borjigin
1577:Religion
1488:Timeline
692:See also
654:Keraites
647:Buddhism
635:Keraites
621:Religion
511:Mongolia
406:Töregene
365:Ong khan
344:and the
244:Mongolia
167:(Former)
139:Mongolia
129:Religion
119:Mongolic
66:Mongolia
5027:Related
4997:Koreans
4974:Indians
4927:Nepalis
4897:Western
4877:Uyghurs
4778:Manchus
4669:Tai Nua
4664:Tai Lue
4637:Kra–Dai
4625:Eastern
4607:Monguor
4579:Onnigud
4567:Torghut
4557:Khoshut
4547:Dzungar
4537:Naimans
4507:Khalkha
4497:Jalaids
4487:Chahars
4482:Buryats
4477:Baarins
4456:Mongols
4445:Kangjia
4349:Gaoshan
4205:Tibetan
4184:Tibetic
4147:Qiangic
4094:Laomian
4033:Waxiang
4028:Longjia
3982:Sinitic
3885:Qarlugh
3870:Poladha
3840:Jaghori
3835:Jaghatu
3674:Culture
3665:Hazaras
3640:Naimans
3496:Ottoman
3480:Iranian
3476:Afghani
3424:Mughals
3419:Hazaras
3369:Utigurs
3344:Türgesh
3319:Onogurs
3293:Nushibi
3288:Naimans
3249:Khazars
3239:Karluks
3194:Chigils
3189:Bulgars
3174:Barsils
3112:Europe
3091:Ansarlu
3037:Khotons
2995:Teleuts
2888:Dolgans
2883:Chuvash
2878:Chulyms
2863:Balkars
2807:Qashqai
2792:Khalajs
2770:in Iran
2712:Uyghurs
2435:Ansarlu
2346:Kazakhs
2260:Peoples
2159:Monguor
2143:Kangjia
2080:Buryats
2060:Torghut
2045:Myangad
2021:Khoshut
2011:Dzungar
1995:Chantuu
1885:Sartuul
1875:Khalkha
1870:Eljigin
1860:Darkhad
1852:Mongols
1774:Manghud
1759:Katagan
1744:Eljigin
1739:Dughlat
1668:Didouyu
1643:Tuyuhun
1633:Kumo Xi
1616:Yujiulü
1600:Xianbei
1480:History
662:Kitbuqa
613:of the
603:Hazaras
590:Hazaras
522:Kazakhs
487:Mongols
475:Iranian
457:Khitans
414:Ketbuqa
373:Kuchlug
346:Uyghurs
342:Khitans
270:History
264:Kazakhs
262:of the
256:Mongols
213:ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ
108:940.000
30:ᠨᠠᠶᠢᠮᠠᠨ
5013:Nivkhs
4962:Others
4953:Wakhis
4884:Uzbeks
4871:Tuvans
4851:Kyrgyz
4844:Kazakh
4810:Turkic
4792:Oroqen
4764:Evenks
4744:Zhuang
4716:Qabiao
4698:Maonan
4652:Buyang
4646:Bouyei
4542:Oirats
4502:Jaruud
4492:Gorlos
4472:Aohans
4450:Khatso
4355:Utsuls
4310:Ta'ang
4235:Jingpo
4228:Derung
4215:Others
4199:Sherpa
4099:Laopin
4082:Kucong
4052:Achang
3997:Caijia
3860:Nekpai
3855:Naiman
3795:Behsud
3695:Tengri
3645:Merkit
3635:Barlas
3544:States
3492:Syrian
3414:Abdals
3407:Others
3394:Yabaku
3384:Yueban
3334:Shatuo
3324:Sabirs
3283:Merkit
3234:Kangly
3224:Esegel
3204:Cumans
3184:Bulaqs
3169:Basmyl
3133:Gagauz
3083:Timuri
3077:Aimaqs
3072:Afshar
3019:Yakuts
3005:Tuvans
2937:Tatars
2932:Soyots
2922:Nogais
2917:Kumyks
2904:Koibal
2898:Khakas
2828:Russia
2782:Afshar
2726:Yugurs
2640:Uzbeks
2495:Yörüks
2377:Kyrgyz
2164:Khatso
2154:Moghol
2148:Mughal
2137:Hazara
2038:Buzava
2036:incl.
2032:Kalmyk
2026:Khoton
2006:Dörbet
2001:Choros
1985:Baatud
1972:Oirats
1938:Naiman
1933:Jaruud
1913:Chahar
1908:Baarin
1784:Naiman
1779:Merkit
1764:Kerait
1754:Jalair
1749:Gorlos
1734:Chonos
1719:Barlas
1709:Baarin
1677:incl.
1673:Khitan
1663:Shiwei
1638:Murong
1614:incl.
1610:Rouran
1605:Wuhuan
1595:Donghu
1508:Rulers
1503:States
1275:
1232:
1196:
1162:
1135:
1108:
1076:
1045:
1018:
962:
911:
866:
839:
812:
761:
741:
674:Levant
552:Kyrgyz
536:Kazakh
410:Hulegu
401:khatun
396:Ogedei
338:Turkic
292:. The
252:Uzbeks
231:Найман
227:Kyrgyz
223:Kazakh
175:Naiman
123:Turkic
101:
80:
63:
23:Naiman
5051:Minzu
4932:Daman
4891:Yugur
4865:Tatar
4858:Salar
4828:Dolan
4799:Sibes
4785:Nanai
4770:Solon
4710:Mulao
4684:Gelao
4619:Yugur
4594:Sunud
4584:Ordos
4552:Khoid
4462:Abaga
4420:Bonan
4385:Hmong
4373:Gejia
4304:Pakan
4284:Kunge
4279:Bolyu
4273:Blang
4249:Tujia
4242:Lhoba
4193:Monpa
4173:Qiang
4155:Baima
4117:Nakhi
4111:Mosuo
3900:Tatar
3865:Pashi
3845:Maska
3800:Dahla
3780:Aimaq
3707:Erlik
3703:Ülgen
3686:Kumis
3650:Ongud
3624:Avars
3488:Iraqi
3389:Yagma
3354:Torks
3349:Tuhsi
3339:Tiele
3254:Kimek
3214:Duolu
3047:Dukha
2927:Shors
2759:Urums
2707:Salar
2474:Gajal
2468:Turks
2190:Yugur
2184:Tuvan
2122:Bonan
2116:Aimaq
2109:Other
2099:Soyot
2088:Barga
2016:Khoid
1990:Bayad
1948:Tumed
1943:Ordos
1830:Tumed
1825:Tatar
1815:Sunud
1799:Ongud
1789:Oirat
1724:Bayad
1714:Barga
1648:Tuoba
1628:Yuwen
1361:, by
596:tribe
556:Uzbek
483:Tujue
144:Islam
83:China
4984:Jews
4823:Äynu
4738:Yang
4726:Shan
4704:Nùng
4677:Dong
4599:Urad
4562:Olot
4427:Daur
4379:Miao
4299:Mang
4289:Khmu
4222:Deng
4166:Pumi
4105:Lisu
4088:Lahu
4076:Jino
4069:Hani
4063:Bisu
4058:Akha
3714:Deel
3490:and
3478:and
3159:Alat
2663:Äynu
2127:Daur
2050:Olot
1953:Urad
1903:Asud
1686:Zubu
1679:Yelü
1658:Tufa
1653:Qifu
1623:Duan
1373:and
1273:ISSN
1230:ISBN
1194:ISBN
1160:ISBN
1133:ISBN
1106:ISBN
1074:ISBN
1043:ISBN
1016:ISBN
960:ISBN
909:ISBN
864:ISBN
837:ISBN
810:ISBN
759:ISBN
739:ISBN
629:and
554:and
385:Jebe
225:and
173:The
4732:Sui
4721:Rau
4658:Dai
4400:Yao
4393:She
4294:Lai
4022:Hui
4008:Han
3991:Bai
1365:in
1263:doi
598:of
542:or
509:in
352:or
274:In
5098::
4691:Li
4324:Wa
4136:Yi
4124:Nu
3705:,
3701:,
3697:,
3482:)
3474:,
3164:Az
2208:·
2186:**
2150:**
2139:**
2118:**
1279:.
1271:.
1259:19
1257:.
1253:.
1174:^
1088:^
1072:.
1068:.
974:^
941:^
878:^
728:^
676:.
649:.
617:.
586:.
513:.
501:,
466:.
459:.
447:,
443:,
435:,
394:.
387:.
356:.
328:,
324:,
316:,
266:.
229::
221:;
210::
206:;
190:aɪ
154:,
150:,
121:,
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5003:)
4999:(
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3937:t
3930:v
3761:e
3754:t
3747:v
3709:)
3693:(
3626:*
3529:e
3522:t
3515:v
2244:e
2237:t
2230:v
2170:)
2166:(
2101:*
2095:*
2028:*
1997:*
1801:*
1464:e
1457:t
1450:v
1385:.
1265::
1238:.
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1168:.
1141:.
1114:.
1082:.
1051:.
1024:.
989:.
968:.
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872:.
845:.
818:.
765:.
745:.
202:/
199:n
196:ə
193:m
187:n
184:ˈ
181:/
177:(
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146:(
141:)
137:(
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