1954:
1127:
1303:
2186:
3994:
1677:
1590:
93:
3333:
3975:
1806:
4076:
1478:
45:
3831:
349:
9143:
9154:
6552:
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930:
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6529:
2324:
71:
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1086:), a key Mahāyāna treatise, defines the Buddha as "the uncompounded (asamskrta), and spontaneous (anabhoga) Dharmakaya" and as "self-enlightened and self-arisen wisdom (jñana), compassion and power for the benefit of others." This ultimate awakened reality is understood and interpreted in numerous different ways by the different Mahayana schools.
1757:, it is stated, "The Buddha knows all the dharmas of the countless buddhas of the ten directions." It is also stated, "All buddhas have one body, the body of the Dharma." The concept of many bodhisattvas simultaneously working toward Buddhahood is also found among the Mahāsāṃghika tradition, and further evidence of this is given in the
1943:
A fundamental part of
Buddhism's appeal to billions of people over the past two and a half millennia is the fact that the central figure, commonly referred to by the title "Buddha", was not a god, or a special kind of spiritual being, or even a prophet or an emissary of one. On the contrary, he was a
1739:
A doctrine ascribed to the Mahāsāṃghikas is, "The power of the tathāgatas is unlimited, and the life of the buddhas is unlimited." According to Guang Xing, two main aspects of the Buddha can be seen in Mahāsāṃghika teachings: the true Buddha who is omniscient and omnipotent, and the manifested forms
1631:
In the Pāli Canon, the Buddha is depicted as someone between a human and a divine being. He has a human body that decays and dies, and he was born from human parents (though some sources depict this as a miraculous birth). The most important element of a Buddha is that they have attained the supreme
1882:
Since
Buddhas remain accessible, a Mahāyānist can direct prayers to them, as well as experience visions and revelations from them. This has been very influential in the history of Mahāyāna Buddhism. Furthermore, a Mahāyāna devotee can also aspire to be reborn in a Buddha's Pure Land or Buddha field
1176:
Mahāyāna buddhology expands the powers of a Buddha exponentially, seeing them as having unlimited lifespan and all-pervasive omniscient wisdom, as omnipotent, and as able to produce an infinite number of magical manifestations (nirmanakayas) as well as being able to produce pure lands (heaven-like
1863:
The myriad
Buddhas are also seen as active in the world, guiding all sentient beings to Buddhahood. Paul Williams writes that the Buddha in Mahāyāna is "a spiritual king, relating to and caring for the world". This view entails a kind of docetism regarding the "historical" Buddha, Shakyamuni. His
3928:
Buddhist mythology overlapped with Hindu mythology. Akshobhya, for example, acquires a fierce
Tantric form that is reminiscent of the fierce form of the Hindu god Shiva; in this form he became known by the Buddhist names Heruka, Hevajra, or Samvara. He is known in Japan in this guise as Fudō
4418:; Quote: "There are various ways of examining the Complete Path. For example, we can speak of Five Paths constituting its different levels: the Path of Accumulation, the Path of Application, the Path of Seeing, the Path of Meditation and the Path of No More Learning, or Buddhahood."
1643:
or a human, and he replies that he had eliminated the deep-rooted unconscious traits that would make him either one, and should instead be called a Buddha: one who had grown up in the world but had now gone beyond it, as a lotus grows from the water but blossoms above it, unsoiled.
1692:
branch regarded the buddhas as being characterized primarily by their supramundane (lokottara) nature. The Mahāsāṃghikas advocated the transcendental and supramundane nature of the buddhas and bodhisattvas and the fallibility of arhats. Of the 48 special theses attributed by the
3929:("Imperturbable"). The Indian god Bhairava, a fierce bull-headed divinity, was adopted by Tantric Buddhists as Vajrabhairava. Also called Yamantaka ("Slayer of Death") and identified as the fierce expression of the gentle Manjushri, he was accorded quasi-buddha rank.
1809:
A Ming Bronze of the supreme cosmic Buddha
Vairocana ("The Illuminator"). The bronze depicts the cosmic body of Vairocana (which is equal to the universe itself) and also depicts the numerous manifestations (nirmanakayas) of Vairocana (the small Buddhas covering his
6315:
Toh 175 Degé Kangyur, vol. 60 (mdo sde, ma), folios 79.a–174.b. Translated by Jens
Braarvig and David Welsh, University of Oslo under the patronage and supervision of 84000: Translating the Words of the Buddha. First published 2020. Current version v 1.0.9 (2021).
2299:
was born here. (He) both caused to be made a stone bearing a horse (?) and caused a stone pillar to be set up, (in order to show) that the
Blessed One was born here. (He) made the village of Lummini free of taxes, and paying (only) an eighth share (of the
1647:
The Pāli Canon also states that
Gautama Buddha is known as being a "teacher of the gods and humans," superior to both the gods and humans since he has attained the highest liberation, whereas the gods are still subject to anger, fear, and sorrow. In the
3585:
known as the "Five
Tathagathas": Vairocana, Aksobhya, Ratnasambhava, Amitābha, and Amoghasiddhi. Each is associated with a different consort, direction, aggregate (or, aspect of the personality), emotion, element, color, symbol, and mount.
4924:
1729:) being limitless, the length of his life being limitless, never tiring of enlightening sentient beings and awakening pure faith in them, having no sleep or dreams, no pause in answering a question, and always in meditation (
4037:). In Mahayana Buddhism, a Buddha is often also depicted with monastic robes, however some Buddhas are also depicted with different forms of clothing, such as princely or kingly attire, which can include crowns and jewels.
1361:
Some
Buddhists meditate on (or contemplate) the Buddha as having ten characteristics (Ch./Jp. 十號). These characteristics are frequently mentioned in the Pāli Canon as well as in other early Buddhist sources as well as in
1787:
statement that the Buddha's lifespan is as long as an eon (kalpa) but that he voluntarily allowed his life to end. Another early source for the Mahāsāṃghika view that a Buddha was a transcendent being is the idea of the
1796:
states that the Buddha had way more knowledge than what he taught to his disciples. The Mahāsāṃghikas took this further and argued that the Buddha knew the dharmas of innumerable other Buddhas of the ten directions.
4280:
1659:(SN 44.2), Gautama Buddha is described as the "supreme man" and the "attainer of the superlative attainment". Because he has attained the highest spiritual knowledge, the Buddha is also identified with the
1024:
needs to follow the teaching of a Buddha to attain Nirvana, and may also preach the dharma after attaining nirvana. In one instance the term buddha is also used in Theravada to refer to all who attain
6220:
1142:
The various Buddhist schools hold some varying interpretations on the nature of Buddha. All Buddhist traditions hold that a Buddha is fully awakened and has completely purified his mind of the
4087:), which are considered the signs of his nobility and his enlightenment. The exactly design and style of these features vary regionally but most often they are elements of list of thirty-two
4916:
4696:
1776:
parallel is the most ancient source for the Mahāsāṃghika view. The sutra mentions various miracles performed by the Buddha before his birth and after. The Chinese version even calls him
3352:
Buddhists venerate numerous Buddhas that are not found in early Buddhism or in Theravada Buddhism. They are generally seen as living in other realms, known as buddha-fields (Sanskrit:
4495:
Hamar, Imre (2007). "The Manifestation of the Absolute in the Phenomenal World: Nature Origination in Huayan Exegesis". Bulletin de l'École Française d'Extrême-Orient. 94: 229–250.
1333:, in which the Buddha emitted fire from the top of his body and water from his lower body simultaneously, before alternating them and then expanding them to illuminate the cosmos.
5832:
Horner, IB, ed. (1975). The minor anthologies of the Pali canon. Volume III: Buddhavaṁsa (Chronicle of Buddhas) and Cariyāpiṭaka (Basket of Conduct). London: Pali Text Society.
4895:
4917:"In Theravada Buddhism's canonical Buddhavamsa[6] the Ten Perfections (dasa pāramiyo) are (original terms in Pali): | Nexopia – Lifestyle and Community Forums"
5948:
1616:
Andrew Skilton writes that the Buddha was never historically regarded by Buddhist traditions as being merely human. Instead, he is seen as having many supranormal powers (
1208:
There is an ancient list of "six classes of superknowledge" (Pali: chalabhiññā, Skt. ṣaḍabhijña) that Buddhas have which are found in various Buddhist sources. These are:
268:, the historical founder of Buddhism, who is often simply known as "the Buddha". The title is also used for other beings who have achieved awakening and liberation (or
5025:
1740:
through which he liberates sentient beings through skillful means. For the Mahāsaṃghikas, the historical Gautama Buddha was one of these transformation bodies (Skt.
1008:
refers to one who has reached awakening (bodhi) through their own efforts and insight, without a teacher to point out the dharma. A samyaksambuddha re-discovers the
4277:
1753:
As in Mahāyāna traditions, the Mahāsāṃghikas held the doctrine of the existence of many contemporaneous buddhas throughout the ten directions. In the Mahāsāṃghika
2978:
6114:
3644:
1826:"endowed with numerous supernatural attributes and qualities". Mahāyāna cosmology also includes innumerable Buddhas who reside in innumerable buddha fields (
5403:
Xing, Guang. An Enquiry into the Origin of the Mahasamghika Buddhology Authors. The Indian International Journal of Buddhist Studies, 2004, n. 5, p. 41-51.
7293:
2128:
twenty-one more Buddhas were added to the list of seven names in the early texts. Theravada tradition maintains that there can be up to five Buddhas in a
2000:). Three are symbolized by their stupas, and four by the trees under which each respectively attained enlightenment. The tree on the extreme right is the
5911:
3003:
2953:
8208:
6683:
2928:
6217:
2824:
1976:
alternating with four trees with thrones in front of them, adored by figures both human and divine. These represent six Buddhas of the past (namely:
4737:
4791:
4033:
In Theravada Buddhism, the Buddha is always depicted as a monastic shown with hair and he is always shown wearing the simple monk's robe (called a
3790:
2745:
17:
5253:
3905:, "sky-goer") are their feminine counterparts, sometimes depicted with a heruka and sometimes as independent deities. The most prevalent wrathful
8212:
5224:
4847:
4795:
2799:
2717:
2682:
5859:
1032:
to designate an arhat, someone who depends on the teachings of a Buddha to attain Nirvana. In this broader sense it is equivalent to the arhat.
8436:
4967:
411:
5166:
1285:), which is the eradication of all negative mental states and the ending of suffering. This knowledge is the "liberation of the mind" (Pali:
1856:, which is seen as something that all beings have). This view of an immanent Buddha essence in all normal human beings is common throughout
6653:
6291:
5803:
1349:" to everyone on earth, who suddenly beholds the world as a perfect world filled with jewels and other majestic features. Likewise, in the
6363:
Nathaniel DeWitt Garson; Penetrating the Secret Essence Tantra: Context and Philosophy in the Mahayoga System of rNying-ma Tantra, page 43
5195:
4040:
It is common to depict the Buddha accompanied by other figures. In Theravada, it is common to have him flanked by his two main disciples,
3581:, Esoteric Buddhism), one finds some of the same Mahayana Buddhas along with other Buddha figures that are unique to Vajrayana. There are
4955:
3753:
1864:
life and death were a "mere appearance," like a magic show; in reality, the Buddha still exists and is constantly helping living beings.
1322:
healings, elemental magic (such as manipulating fire and water), and various other supernatural phenomena, traveling to higher realms of
1837:
for example, says the lifespan of the Buddha is immeasurable. It also says that the Buddha actually achieved Buddhahood countless eons (
6761:
6496:
5901:
Paranavitana, S. (Apr. – Jun., 1962). Rummindei Pillar Inscription of Asoka, Journal of the American Oriental Society, 82 (2), 163–167
9189:
6518:
4166:, are significant to their overall meaning. The popularity of any particular mudra or asana tends to be region-specific, such as the
3796:
3759:
4879:
9184:
2842:
2121:
However, according to a text in the Theravada Buddhist tradition from a later stratum (between 1st and 2nd century BCE) called the
1725:, expounding all his teachings in a single utterance, all of his sayings being true, his physical body being limitless, his power (
9028:
8480:
6426:
5491:
994:
ideal, in which it takes aeons to reach Buddhahood, not all agree that everyone can become a Buddha, or that it must take aeons.
5952:
1889:), where they can strive towards Buddhahood in the best possible conditions. This practice is the central element of East Asian
1875:) by different scholars. There is disagreement among scholars regarding this issue, as well on the general relationship between
979:("suffering", as created by attachment to desires and distorted perception and thinking) is in the state of "no-more-Learning".
8683:
6663:
5823:
A textual and Historical Analysis of the Khuddaka Nikaya – Oliver Abeynayake Ph.D., Colombo, First Edition – 1984, p. 113.
4088:
1789:
1625:
1093:
doctrines of Mahayana Buddhism also consider Buddhahood to be a universal and innate property which is immanent in all beings.
3431:("Medicine guru") also known as "Medicine Buddha", the healing Buddha. His pure land is Vaiḍūryanirbhāsa ("Pure Beryl Light").
2385:
to hold elaborate festivals, especially during the fair weather season, paying homage to the last 28 Buddhas described in the
6467:
6436:
6406:
6245:
5886:
5751:
5694:
5532:
5503:
5478:
5447:
5112:
5084:
4992:
4889:
4820:
4767:
4731:
4690:
4652:
4612:
4577:
4534:
4439:
4411:
4373:
3649:
6032:
The minor anthologies of the Pali canon. Volume III: Buddhavaṁsa (Chronicle of Buddhas) and Cariyāpiṭaka (Basket of Conduct)
5017:
4826:
4658:
4379:
3532:
Buddha in western culture. This figure is believed to be a representation of a medieval Chinese monk who is associated with
6846:
6688:
6320:
2237:
in 249 BCE records his visit, the enlargement of a stupa dedicated to the Kanakamuni Buddha, and the erection of a pillar.
1901:
Some modern Buddhists have argued that the Buddha was just a human being, albeit a very wise one. This is a common view in
1047:, and whose awakened wisdom (buddha-jñana) is all pervasive. This view can be found in numerous Mahāyāna sources, like the
6062:
1953:
9023:
3451:
2295:
When King Devānāmpriya Priyadasin had been anointed twenty years, he came himself and worshipped (this spot) because the
1932:
tradition, who states that "Buddha was not a god. He was a human being like you and me, and he suffered just as we do."
1713:, these four groups held that the Buddha is able to know all dharmas in a single moment of the mind. Yao Zhihua writes:
8920:
8470:
6565:
2469:, Metteyya will be a successor of Gautama who will appear on Earth, achieve complete enlightenment, and teach the pure
960:
406:
363:
6766:
6043:
5837:
5722:
5561:
4346:
4315:
3569:
contains a list of one thousand and four Buddhas and discusses their deeds. Most of these are Buddhas of the future.
106:
9013:
6095:
8698:
8443:
6005:
Buddhist birth-stories; Jataka tales. The commentarial introduction entitled Nidana-Katha; the story of the lineage
4527:
The Buddha within : Tathagatagarbha doctrine according to the Shentong interpretation of the Ratnagotravibhaga
3494:
990:
practices varies from none at all to an absolute requirement, dependent on doctrine. While most schools accept the
294:
path is complete Buddhahood so that one may benefit all sentient beings by teaching them the path of cessation of
9090:
9080:
6909:
1126:
5520:
3861:) Buddha forms or semi-fierce, and may appear in sexual union with a female Buddha or as a "solitary hero". The
9035:
8688:
8490:
8381:
8326:
6899:
6392:
4240:
3545:
1613:. Thus, the Buddha is seen as a very special and unique class of persons called a "great person" (mahāpurisa).
1049:
9005:
8703:
8386:
6678:
6511:
3873:, lit. "blood drinker") are enlightened masculine beings who adopt fierce forms to help beings. They include
3467:. His pure land is known as the Padmagarbhalokadhātu (the lotus treasury world) and also as "Densely Arrayed
2154:
has up to 1,000 Buddhas, with the Buddhas Gotama and Metteyya also being the fourth and fifth Buddhas of the
889:
584:
1867:
Because of this transcendental view, Mahāyāna Buddhologies have sometimes been compared to various types of
1302:
8588:
8460:
8431:
8133:
2454:
1783:
Similarly, the idea that the lifespan of a Buddha is limitless is also based on ancient ideas, such as the
1780:, which suggests the idea that the Buddha was already awakened before descending down to earth to be born.
1020:
also reaches nirvana through his own efforts, but is unable or unwilling to teach the dharma to others. An
983:
834:
609:
569:
1652:(MN 18), Buddha is described in powerful terms as the Lord of the Dhamma and the bestower of immortality.
8279:
8188:
7658:
7303:
6816:
6711:
6265:
4192:(Wish-Granting) mudra is common among standing statues of the Buddha, particularly when coupled with the
4053:
4004:
Buddhas are frequently represented in the form of statues and paintings. Commonly seen postures include:
3941:
3638:
3489:
3274:
1559:
1353:, the Buddha shakes the earth and shines a beam of light which illuminates thousands of "buddha-fields".
7823:
6000:
3544:
also contain long lists of Buddhas which are used in different ways. One popular list of Buddhas is the
1224:), such as walking on water and through walls; flight, becoming invisible and creating mind made bodies.
257:(Sanskrit: samyaksaṃbodhi; "full, complete awakening") and is interpreted in many different ways across
9128:
8608:
8084:
7570:
6693:
6526:
6446:
Silk, Jonathan A.; von Hinüber, Oskar; Eltschinger, Vincent; Bowring, Richard; Radich, Michael (2019),
5996:
5924:
5245:
4026:
The emaciated Buddha, which shows Siddhartha Gautama during his extreme ascetic practice of starvation.
3265:
2579:
1936:
1235:
which extends in the human realm as well as into the other realms, like the realms of the gods (devas).
1060:) framework. In this framework, the historical Buddha or other Buddhas who appear human are understood
8018:
5706:
5216:
4854:
2475:. The prophecy of the arrival of Metteyya is found in the canonical literature of all Buddhist sects (
1918:
9018:
8831:
8821:
8693:
7676:
7256:
7017:
6992:
4181:
3460:
3098:
2459:
2185:
1101:
709:
195:
183:
7042:
4603:. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp.
519:
9123:
8475:
8289:
8267:
8260:
8163:
7696:
7316:
7132:
7077:
6698:
6504:
5158:
4215:
714:
664:
5686:
3199:
2206:
2170:
2087:
1993:
1814:
Mahāyāna Buddhism generally follows the Mahāsāṃghika ideal of the Buddha being a transcendent and
9060:
9040:
8371:
8351:
8108:
7838:
7082:
5462:
3993:
3878:
2487:), and is accepted by most Buddhists as a statement about an event that will take place when the
1964:(1st century BCE/CE). Six Buddhas of the past are represented, together with the current Buddha,
1485:
According to various Buddhist texts, upon reaching Buddhahood each Buddha performs various acts (
874:
38:
6283:
5934:
5795:
5047:
Manuel de bouddhisme — Philosophie, pratique et histoire. Tome I, Bouddhisme ancien et Theravāda
1717:
In their view, the Buddha is equipped with the following supernatural qualities: transcendence (
1114:
9070:
8910:
8578:
8548:
8321:
8272:
8113:
8061:
8056:
7818:
7639:
7536:
7288:
7283:
7032:
6382:
5187:
4604:
4595:
953:
689:
674:
654:
579:
574:
489:
396:
251:) is the condition and state of a buddha. This highest spiritual state of being is also termed
7400:
4953:
4307:
4301:
3565:
2229:
is on the fragment of the pillar still partly buried in the ground. The inscription made when
2138:
has had four Buddhas, with the current Buddha, Gotama, being the fourth and the future Buddha
2030:
9075:
9045:
8626:
8558:
8391:
8306:
8301:
8225:
8220:
8138:
6668:
4567:
4338:
4332:
4225:
2555:
2362:
1689:
1605:
Buddhist tradition generally sees the Buddha as a supreme person who is neither a God in the
1173:. However, the early texts contain explicit repudiations of making this claim of the Buddha.
894:
884:
839:
272:), such as the other human Buddhas who achieved enlightenment before Gautama; members of the
7691:
1676:
982:
There is a broad spectrum of opinion on the nature of Buddhahood, its universality, and the
9098:
9065:
9050:
8568:
8465:
8411:
8296:
8235:
8203:
8198:
8183:
8168:
8158:
8123:
8036:
7728:
7651:
6954:
6894:
6643:
6610:
6560:
6261:
4220:
4210:
2378:
2366:
2291:, visited the place in 3rd-century BCE and identified it as the birth-place of the Buddha.
2018:
1186:
1065:
1013:
904:
864:
859:
824:
669:
549:
457:
442:
386:
358:
308:
hold intentions to help all sentient beings achieve enlightenment; this contrasts with the
8938:
7553:
7422:
7348:
7224:
6962:
3842:, the most popular female Buddha in Tibetan Buddhism, who comes in many forms and colors.
1709:, 20 points concern the supramundane nature of buddhas and bodhisattvas. According to the
1155:
1078:
8:
8905:
8784:
8618:
8593:
8583:
8543:
8520:
8403:
8376:
8336:
8255:
8245:
8173:
8100:
7531:
7388:
7169:
7147:
7099:
6919:
6719:
6575:
6555:
6027:
5743:
3373:
2374:
2310:
2249:
1857:
1818:
being with unlimited spiritual powers. Guang Xing describes the Buddha in Mahāyāna as an
1698:
973:
Buddhahood is the state of an awakened being, who, having found the path of cessation of
914:
869:
807:
747:
684:
629:
624:
379:
368:
258:
6879:
6806:
3914:
2603:
2437:
8968:
8873:
8715:
8678:
8673:
8603:
8553:
8500:
8495:
8366:
8361:
8356:
8346:
8331:
8316:
8311:
8250:
8230:
8193:
8118:
7923:
7624:
7548:
7426:
7368:
7209:
7109:
7037:
7012:
6658:
6588:
6340:
6240:. Vol. 2 (1st ed.). Delhi, India: New Bharatiya Book Corporation. p. 6.
5928:
5778:
5776:
5638:
5458:
4785:
4119:
4048:. In Mahayana Buddhism, it is more common to have him surrounded by bodhisattvas, like
3846:
3623:
3412:
3243:
3007:
2853:
2653:
2531:
2440:. The fourth Buddha, Dīpankara, is especially important, as he was the Buddha who gave
1902:
1890:
1633:
1542:
1520:
1323:
1260:
1104:), while the Mahayana tradition additionally has many Buddhas of celestial origin (see
1025:
899:
879:
819:
814:
702:
604:
597:
524:
514:
421:
191:
8767:
6431:(1st ed.). Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. 106, 776.
6272:. Calcutta, India: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing. pp. 70–8.
6270:
Report of Tours in the Gangetic Provinces from Badaon to Bihar, in 1875–76 and 1877–78
5767:
4403:
The Dharma: That Illuminates All Beings Impartially Like the Light of the Sun and Moon
4079:
A Buddha's head, showing an uṣṇīṣa at the top of the head and an ūrṇā between the eyes
3890:
3141:
1985:
1769:
1589:
1492:
The Mahayana tradition generally follows the list of "Twelve Great Buddha Acts" (Skt.
1039:
meanwhile, a Buddha is seen as a transcendent being who has extensive powers, such as
986:
among the various schools of Buddhism. The level to which this manifestation requires
9146:
9108:
8804:
8789:
8752:
8737:
8510:
8426:
8341:
8178:
8143:
8128:
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7845:
7526:
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6583:
6473:
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5833:
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5690:
5642:
5567:
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5528:
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5474:
5443:
5108:
5080:
4998:
4988:
4885:
4816:
4773:
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4727:
4686:
4648:
4608:
4573:
4530:
4435:
4407:
4369:
4342:
4311:
4034:
3948:. Some historical figures are also seen as Buddhas, such as the Buddhist philosopher
3822:
3468:
3396:
3337:
3332:
3170:
2774:
2471:
2296:
2264:
2222:
1989:
1922:
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1341:
1271:
1151:
1009:
946:
844:
829:
634:
509:
452:
416:
401:
332:
222:
8090:
6884:
6784:
5773:
4063:
The Buddha may also be depicted with various accessories, such as a victory banner (
4057:
3716:
3376:. They are sometimes called "celestial Buddhas" since they are not from this earth.
3083:
1977:
1841:) ago and has already been teaching the Dharma through his numerous manifestations (
9179:
8794:
8747:
8742:
8598:
8563:
8538:
8533:
8284:
8240:
8153:
7828:
7484:
7477:
7261:
7251:
7137:
6801:
6673:
6459:
5682:
5628:
5387:
The Concept of the Buddha: Its Evolution from Early Buddhism to the Trikaya Theory.
5374:
The Concept of the Buddha: Its Evolution from Early Buddhism to the Trikaya Theory.
5343:
The Concept of the Buddha: Its Evolution from Early Buddhism to the Trikaya Theory.
4563:
4496:
4230:
3898:
3866:
3557:
3464:
3445:
3361:
3127:
2628:
2370:
1876:
1568:
A Buddha must die and pass into Nirvana, demonstrating liberation and impermanence.
1461:
The tenth epithet is sometimes listed as "The World Honored Enlightened One" (Skt.
1330:
1016:
to awakening on their own, and then teaches these to others after his awakening. A
909:
854:
784:
774:
639:
244:
129:
83:
7873:
4812:
Archaeological and Visual Sources of Meditation in the Ancient Monasteries of Kuča
3974:
2903:
1702:
287:, known as the "Buddha of the future who will attain awakening at a future time."
9158:
9103:
9055:
8983:
8853:
8651:
8631:
8573:
8485:
8148:
8046:
7893:
7629:
7612:
7597:
7575:
7127:
6997:
6831:
6811:
6396:
6324:
6224:
6066:
5876:
4959:
4810:
4721:
4680:
4642:
4429:
4401:
4363:
4284:
4235:
3839:
3663:
3582:
3541:
3521:
3280:
3185:
2409:
2350:
2001:
1640:
1363:
1336:
934:
849:
649:
559:
504:
273:
100:
7903:
7057:
7047:
6317:
5666:
The Three Bodies of the Buddha: The Origin and Development of the Trikaya Theory
5492:"From Japanese Buddhist sect to global citizenship: Soka Gakkai past and future"
5414:
The Three Bodies of the Buddha: The Origin and Development of the Trikaya Theory
3112:
2057:
1981:
1096:
Most Buddhists do not consider Gautama Buddha to have been the only Buddha. The
1029:
499:
9113:
8816:
8666:
8448:
8028:
8008:
7928:
7617:
7607:
7541:
7378:
6864:
6727:
6059:
5714:
5100:
4205:
4045:
4009:
3998:
3850:
3702:
3614:
3500:
3257:
3228:
3214:
3156:
2878:
2466:
2433:
2400:
2396:
2150:(fortunate aeon). In some Sanskrit and northern Buddhist traditions however, a
2099:
2093:
1997:
1965:
1805:
1773:
1017:
794:
724:
679:
537:
53:
5633:
5616:
3834:
Painting of Vajrayoginī (Dorjé Neljorma), a female Buddha in Tibetan Buddhism.
1524:
1159:
1056:
Mahāyāna buddhology mainly understands the Buddha through the "three bodies" (
9173:
8883:
8732:
8041:
7943:
7801:
7602:
7580:
7516:
7187:
6982:
6977:
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6538:
6477:
6455:
6110:
5002:
4963:
4777:
4095:
4075:
4041:
3983:
3969:
3957:
3953:
3886:
3747:
3506:
3478:
3434:
3428:
3058:
2288:
2280:
2226:
2198:
2174:
1853:
1706:
1477:
1232:
1143:
1090:
619:
614:
554:
230:
7341:
7331:
6703:
5571:
4500:
3817:
3270:
2465:
Many Buddhists also pay homage to the future Buddha, Metteyya. According to
2425:
2114:
also mentions that following the Seven Buddhas of Antiquity, a Buddha named
1747:
1366:, and are chanted daily in many Buddhist monasteries. The ten epithets are:
1097:
1073:
759:
564:
8973:
8958:
8928:
8878:
8868:
8710:
8505:
7998:
7833:
7711:
7499:
7494:
7321:
7192:
7067:
6528:
4546:
4306:(1st publ. paperback ed.). Oxford : Oxford University Press. pp.
4137:
4129:
3830:
3784:
3511:
3422:
3316:
3033:
2760:
2732:
2700:
2668:
2415:
2245:
2234:
2214:
2178:
2130:
2111:
2035:
1944:
human being like the rest of us who quite simply woke up to full aliveness.
1722:
1681:
1549:
1190:
659:
544:
462:
348:
7756:
7741:
7701:
7398:
7062:
6638:
4514:
The Buddhist handbook. A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice,
4431:
Paths to liberation: the Mārga and its transformations in Buddhist thought
3922:
3739:
1441:
1430:
1405:
1394:
1374:
1372:
1306:
Shakyamuni Buddha demonstrating control over the fire and water elements.
1241:
1147:
8943:
8772:
7913:
7898:
7681:
7489:
7417:
7197:
7027:
6929:
6776:
6648:
6378:
4848:"The Sutra of Queen Śrīmālā of the Lion's Roar and the Vimalakīrti Sutra"
4456:
The Buddhist handbook. A Complete Guide to Buddhist Teaching and Practice
4337:(1. publ. paperback ed.). Oxford : Oxford University Press. p.
3910:
3483:
2449:
2387:
2343:
2331:
2123:
2008:
tree of Kassapa Buddha. The identification of the others is less certain.
1939:
in New York, writes that Buddha is inspirational based on his humanness:
1910:
1832:
1819:
1815:
1350:
1170:
1044:
1040:
991:
729:
291:
281:
187:
44:
8933:
7393:
4553:
Third edition published by Motilal Banarsidass Publ., 2000, pp. 132–133.
4470:. Translation Peter Masefield, volume I, 1994. Pali Text Society. p. 94.
3710:
3408:
3342:
2161:
2067:
1105:
277:
8888:
8846:
8722:
8528:
8453:
8067:
8051:
8013:
7993:
7888:
7863:
7771:
7706:
7432:
7363:
7234:
7117:
7087:
7022:
6972:
6630:
6620:
6593:
3979:
3945:
3944:
and Vairocana, the first Buddha is also associated with the concept of
3937:
3933:
3801:
2493:
2081:
1969:
1573:
1538:
1531:
494:
391:
265:
79:
75:
49:
31:
7908:
6904:
6491:
5525:
Buddhist spirituality: later China, Korea, Japan, and the modern world
3853:
which are tantric forms of the Buddhas. These may be fierce (Tibetan:
2047:
8863:
8836:
8003:
7878:
7590:
7506:
7383:
7273:
7246:
7239:
7202:
7159:
7122:
6889:
6854:
6821:
6796:
6751:
6336:
6218:
Prophecies of Kakusandha Buddha, Konagamana Buddha and Kassapa Buddha
4682:
Great Disciples of the Buddha: Their Lives, Their Works, Their Legacy
4109:
a protuberance on the top of the head which symbolizes superb wisdom.
4049:
3949:
3918:
3874:
3722:
3677:
3671:
3632:
3601:
3578:
3440:
3416:
3391:
3357:
2484:
2476:
2358:
2354:
2306:
2268:
2259:
The historical Buddha, Gautama, also called Shakyamuni ("Sage of the
2194:
1906:
1885:
1872:
1849:
1636:. This is what makes him supreme and what grants him special powers.
1602:
1346:
1249:
1213:
1131:
1109:
998:
779:
754:
309:
301:
8636:
7472:
7326:
7092:
6874:
6743:
6735:
5951:. The Huntington Archive - The Ohio State University. Archived from
5849:
Basanta Bidari – 2004 Kapilavastu: the world of Siddhartha – Page 87
4158:
The poses and hand-gestures of these statues, known respectively as
2357:
tradition includes tales of 28 previous Buddhas. In countries where
2318:
2025:, only the following seven Buddhas, The Seven Buddhas of Antiquity (
2022:
1666:
9153:
8993:
8948:
8893:
8858:
8762:
8421:
7988:
7983:
7933:
7868:
7786:
7751:
7746:
7407:
7278:
7266:
7177:
6836:
6533:
4133:
4104:
4084:
3683:
3533:
3402:
3349:
3306:
3299:
3294:
2480:
2404:
2382:
2327:
2241:
2139:
2115:
1823:
1777:
1307:
1061:
1036:
1001:
789:
769:
764:
644:
340:
317:
305:
284:
207:
175:
119:
110:
64:
7978:
7968:
7953:
7776:
7646:
6914:
5440:
Scripture of the Lotus Blossom of the Fine Dharma: The Lotus Sutra
4569:
A History of Buddhist Philosophy: Continuities and Discontinuities
4399:
2436:—Taṇhaṅkara, Medhaṅkara, and Saraṇaṅkara—lived before the time of
1516:
A Buddha must live in the palace and enjoy his life with his wife.
113:, misplaced vowels or missing conjuncts instead of Indic text.
8898:
8841:
8826:
7973:
7963:
7938:
7813:
7808:
7766:
7736:
7668:
7634:
7521:
7462:
7457:
7311:
7214:
7052:
7002:
6789:
6615:
6445:
5782:
4083:
Most depictions of a Buddha contain a certain number of "marks" (
3987:
3882:
2445:
2342:, paying homage to the 29 Buddhas described in Chapter 27 of the
2272:
2260:
1925:
1914:
1742:
1731:
1621:
1501:
1315:
1057:
987:
469:
7585:
7353:
6401:. Delhi, India: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited.
4944:
Japanese-English Buddhist Dictionary (Daitō shuppansha) 147a/163
3776:
3606:
2707:
1848:
In spite of this transcendent nature, Mahāyāna also affirms the
1663:(the most fundamental reality) In the Vakkali Sutta (SN 22.87).
217:), the true nature of things or the universal law of phenomena.
8978:
8963:
8799:
8661:
8641:
8416:
8078:
7958:
7948:
7883:
7511:
7467:
7452:
7442:
7412:
7336:
7219:
6987:
6859:
6603:
6598:
6451:
6001:"The successive bodhisats in the times of the previous Buddhas"
5145:
An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History, and Practices.
4529:, Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, pp. 186–190,
4064:
3906:
3894:
3862:
3589:
The Five Tathagatas and some of their associated elements are:
3456:
3365:
2335:
2323:
2284:
2230:
2210:
2190:
2005:
1961:
1868:
1660:
1617:
1606:
1163:
975:
929:
484:
479:
474:
437:
296:
269:
203:
199:
6384:
The romantic legend of Sâkya Buddha: from the Chinese-Sanscrit
3936:, the "first Buddha" to attain Buddhahood. Variously named as
3838:
Buddhist Tantra also includes several female Buddhas, such as
70:
9118:
8953:
8811:
8777:
8757:
8727:
8656:
8073:
7918:
7796:
7791:
7761:
7716:
7563:
7558:
7437:
7142:
6967:
6934:
6924:
5949:"Life of the Buddha: Dīpankara's Prediction of Enlightenment"
4185:
4177:
4168:
4163:
4159:
4094:
Some of the most obvious features which can be found in many
4091:
called "the signs of a great man" (Skt. mahāpuruṣa lakṣaṇa).
4070:
3697:
3525:
3517:
2645:
Vijitawi (a Chakravarti in Chandawatinagara of Majjhimadesa)
2339:
2276:
2253:
2218:
1973:
1610:
1385:
1278:
1189:(and other later sources as well) contain a classic list of "
1135:
1112:
as examples. For lists of many thousands of Buddha names see
1021:
719:
313:
179:
138:
3379:
1852:
nature of Buddhahood in all beings (through the doctrine of
1169:
Most schools of Buddhism have also held that the Buddha was
8988:
7781:
7447:
6944:
5496:
Visioning New and Minority Religions: Projecting the Future
4113:
3411:(Amida Buddha, ."Infinite Light"), the principal Buddha of
2497:(the terrestrial realm, where ordinary human beings live).
1572:
The Pali suttas do not have such a list, but the Theravada
1513:
A Buddha must master numerous arts and skills in his youth.
1198:
211:
171:
162:
144:
5311:
5309:
4723:
Indian Serpent-lore: Or, The Nāgas in Hindu Legend and Art
4448:
3394:("the Imperturbable"), appears in various sutras like the
1935:
In a similar fashion, Jack Maguire, a Western monk of the
1680:
Buddha statue on the upper floor of Ajanta Cave No.6. The
1510:
A Buddha must be born (generally accompanied by miracles).
156:
8646:
7182:
6238:
Dīgha-Nikāya: romanize Pāli text with English translation
5556:. New York: Columbia University Press. pp. 336–337.
5442:(Rev. ed.), p. 239. New York: Columbia university press,
3481:("Many Treasures"), an ancient Buddha who appears in the
2039:(Pali: kappa, meaning eon or "age") called the good eon (
1972:(at the extreme right). In the central section are three
1929:
1504:
heaven and transfer his throne to the next future Buddha.
1205:) that a Buddha has attained through spiritual practice.
27:
Condition of being fully spiritually awakened in Buddhism
5521:"29: Soka Gakkai and the Modern Reformation of Buddhism"
5469:; in: Teiser, Stephen F.; Stone, Jacqueline Ilyse; eds.
4017:
The Reclining Buddha (usually depicts his final nirvana)
1639:
In the Pāli Canon, the Buddha is asked whether he was a
1314:
Buddhist texts include numerous stories of the Buddha's
202:. A Buddha is also someone who has fully understood the
190:
of Buddhism, variously described as pristine awareness,
6387:. London, England: Trubner & Company, Ludgate Hill.
6096:"Buddha Dīpankara: twentyfourth predecessor of Gautama"
6007:. London: George Routledge & Sons. pp. 115–44.
5306:
4125:
Dharma wheels on the soles of his feet and on his hands
2452:
Gautama Buddha. After Dīpankara, 25 more noble people (
2029:), are explicitly mentioned and named (see for example
1746:), while the essential real Buddha is equated with the
6311:
The Noble Mahāyāna Sūtra "The Teaching of Akṣayamati"
5547:
4406:. State University of New York Press. pp. 32–33.
2033:
12.4 to SN 12.10). Four of these are from the current
1761:, which describes the doctrines of the Mahāsāṃghikas.
4400:
Karma-raṅ-byuṅ-kun-khyab-phrin-las, Rinpoche (1986).
4143:
Long earlobes, symbolizing denoting superb perception
3503:
is said to be from the Buddha field of Samantabhadra.
2004:
tree of Gautama Buddha and the one next to it is the
5489:
4258:
1905:, which sought to teach a form of Buddhism that was
1489:) during his life to complete his duty as a Buddha.
159:
153:
141:
135:
4762:. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 140–143.
4757:
3963:
2209:, is mentioned in a 3rd-century BCE inscription by
150:
132:
5368:
5366:
5364:
4594:
2102:(the fourth and present Buddha of the current eon)
1896:
1345:, the Buddha display the true pure nature of his "
6052:
5861:Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch
5597:
5595:
5473:, New York: Columbia University Press, pp. 1–61,
4987:. Oxford: Oneworld Publications. pp. 15–16.
4678:
2448:youth who would in the distant future become the
2319:The last 28 Buddhas of Theravāda (aṭavīsi Buddha)
2012:
1667:A Buddha as a transcendent and supramundane being
1555:A Buddha must attain and manifest full awakening.
1329:One of the most famous of these miracles was the
9171:
5330:The Dawn of Chinese Pure Land Buddhist Doctrine.
5070:
5068:
4809:Howard, Angela; Vignato, Giuseppe (2014-11-14).
4672:
4295:
4293:
3383:A Mahayana illustration of 35 Confession Buddhas
2361:is practiced by the majority of people, such as
1917:. One figure who sees Buddha as mainly human is
1537:A Buddha must sit under a buddha tree (like the
1481:A painting of the miraculous birth of the Buddha
1428:Unsurpassed leader of persons to be tamed (Skt:
264:The title of "Buddha" is most commonly used for
6195:
6179:
6163:
6147:
6131:
6071:
5966:
5361:
5356:Buddhism in the Krishna River Valley of Andhra.
5301:Buddhism in the Krishna River Valley of Andhra.
5280:
5126:
5124:
4428:Buswell, Robert E.; Gimello, Robert M. (1990).
2225:at the site today. Ashoka's inscription in the
1584:
6254:
5592:
5419:
5099:
4427:
3220:King Pabbata of a mountainous area in Mithila
2283:inscription on the pillar gives evidence that
2244:, Koṇāgamana's relics were held in a stupa in
1721:), lack of defilements, all of his utterances
1274:destinations (where they will be reborn); and,
1180:
37:"Buddhas" redirects here. For other uses, see
6512:
6329:
6318:https://read.84000.co/translation/toh175.html
6284:"Cakkavatti Sutta: The Wheel-turning Emperor"
6022:
6020:
6018:
6016:
6014:
5991:
5989:
5987:
5985:
5796:"Cakkavatti Sutta: The Wheel-turning Emperor"
5608:
5603:Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations,
5541:
5427:Mahayana Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations,
5275:Society and Religion: From Rgveda to Puranas.
5065:
4808:
4491:
4489:
4461:
4290:
1339:contain even more extensive miracles. In the
954:
7294:Basic points unifying Theravāda and Mahāyāna
6211:
5995:
5927:, ed. (1882). "XXVII: List of the Buddhas".
5914:. Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 164–165.
5586:Major Writings of Nichiren Daishonin, Vol. 1
5399:
5397:
5395:
5121:
5079:. Buddhist Publication Society. p. 16.
4881:Indian Asceticism: Power, Violence, and Play
4790:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
4481:Mahāyāna Buddhism: The Doctrinal Foundations
4361:
1684:are associated with the Mahāsāṃghika school.
1166:which unawakened people experience in life.
30:For the historical founder of Buddhism, see
6425:Buswell, R.E. Jr.; Lopez, D.S. Jr. (2014).
5881:. Princeton University Press. p. 130.
5760:
5668:, Routledge Curzon, Oxford, 2005, p. 1
5527:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass. p. 445.
4802:
4751:
4726:. Asian Educational Services. p. 113.
4434:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 204.
4362:Keown, Damien; Prebish, Charles S. (2013).
4188:. Others are more common; for example, the
4146:Unnaturally long arms and long thin fingers
4029:The baby Buddha (usually pointing upwards).
1548:A Buddha must defeat the demonic forces of
1356:
6519:
6505:
6341:"Thirty-five Confession Buddhas Main Page"
6260:
6011:
5982:
5941:
5917:
4794:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
4634:
4572:. University of Hawaii Press. p. 43.
4562:
4486:
4071:Special characteristics of a Buddha's body
2084:(the first Buddha of the current good eon)
1579:
1076:, the body of ultimate reality. Thus, the
961:
947:
238:
178:: 𑀩𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥, बुद्ध, "awakened one") is a
6229:
6087:
5705:
5687:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195183276.001.0001
5632:
5518:
5392:
3443:("the Illuminator"), a key figure in the
2444:(prediction of future Buddhahood) to the
1523:from his palace and become a renunciant (
1465:) or "The Blessed Enlightened One" (Skt.
1403:Perfected in knowledge and conduct (Skt:
6448:Brill's encyclopedia of Buddhism Vol Two
6391:
6201:
6185:
6169:
6153:
6137:
6077:
5972:
5614:
5074:
5062:Chapter 1, Oxford: Oneworld Publications
4118:, or ūrṇākośa, a spiral tuft of hair or
4074:
3992:
3973:
3829:
3509:, a past Buddha who is mentioned in the
3378:
3331:
2403:who preceded him, along with the future
2322:
2184:
2160:
2142:being the fifth and final Buddha of the
1952:
1804:
1675:
1624:), a very long lifespan, as well as the
1588:
1476:
1301:
1125:
69:
43:
8481:Banishment of Buddhist monks from Nepal
6415:
5766:John Marshall, A Guide to Sanchi, 1918
5737:
5188:"Madhupindika Sutta: The Ball of Honey"
5147:Cambridge University Press, 1990, p. 28
5049:(Editions Rangdröl, 2019), pages 37–58.
4629:Buddhism: One Teacher, Many Traditions,
4592:
4264:
2462:before Gautama, the historical Buddha.
2407:Buddha. The Buddhavamsa is part of the
2263:"), is mentioned epigraphically on the
2110:from an early Buddhist text called the
1453:The Blessed One or fortunate one (Skt:
1121:
14:
9172:
8684:List of Buddhist architecture in China
6313:Āryākṣayamatinirdeśanāmamahāyānasūtra.
6060:Pali Proper Names Dictionary: Metteyya
6026:
5933:. London: Pali Text Society. pp.
5923:
5874:
5317:The Buddhist Theory of Self-Cognition.
5107:. Windhorse Publications. p. 45.
4982:
4679:Nyanaponika; Hecker, Hellmuth (2012).
4330:
4299:
4089:physical characteristics of the Buddha
4023:A walking Buddha with one step forward
3387:Some of the key Mahāyāna Buddhas are:
2620:Sumedha (also Sumati or Megha Mānava)
2395:is a text which describes the life of
2090:(the second Buddha of the current eon)
1671:
1576:lists 30 obligatory acts of a Buddha.
1297:
6500:
6235:
6093:
5681:, Oxford University Press, pp. 1–10.
5498:. Taylor & Francis. p. 114.
5416:. Oxford: Routledge Curzon: pp. 1, 85
4877:
4719:
4640:
4196:(Fearlessness and Protection) mudra.
4067:), a lotus seat, and a begging bowl.
2423:is one of three main sections of the
2146:. This would make the current aeon a
2096:(the third Buddha of the current eon)
1792:of a Buddha's body. Furthermore, the
1507:A Buddha must enter his mothers womb.
1439:Teacher of the gods and humans (Skt:
186:, and have thus attained the supreme
6428:The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism
6335:
5548:Yampolsky, Philip Boas, ed. (1990).
4985:The Buddha : a beginner's guide
4760:The Buddha : a beginner's guide
4627:Dalai Lama, Thubten Chodron (2014).
2201:, on the Rummindei pillar of Ashoka.
2118:is predicted to arise in the world.
1800:
1064:as magical "transformation bodies" (
6424:
5490:Mette Fisker-Nielsen, Anne (2016).
4458:. London: Century Paperbacks. p. 81
3492:, a Buddha who is mentioned in the
3327:
1948:
1688:In the early Buddhist schools, the
1472:
1263:stretching back eons into the past.
24:
8471:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
5711:The Heart of the Buddha's Teaching
5655:Williams and Tribe (2002), p. 171.
5156:
5015:
4685:. Simon and Schuster. p. 89.
4586:
4516:p. 100. London: Century Paperbacks
3952:, Tibetan historical figures like
3499:which states that the bodhisattva
2134:or world age and that the current
1100:refers to many previous ones (see
412:Decline in the Indian subcontinent
407:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism
312:goal of individual liberation, or
25:
9201:
6485:
5864:(in Sanskrit). 1925. p. 165.
5494:. In Gallagher, Eugene V. (ed.).
4631:pp. 93–101. Wisdom Publications.
3512:Larger Sutra of Immeasurable Life
3162:Sadassana (in Sarabhavatinagara)
2043:) and three are from past eons.
1562:, and thus turn the wheel of the
1450:The Enlightened One (Skt: buddha)
1392:Perfectly self-enlightened (Skt:
1277:"Knowledge of the destruction of
1158:. A Buddha is no longer bound by
9190:Buddhist stages of enlightenment
9152:
9142:
9141:
8699:Thai temple art and architecture
8444:Huichang persecution of Buddhism
6684:Iconography in Laos and Thailand
6550:
6537:
6527:
6377:
5679:The Making of Buddhist Modernism
5615:Zappulli, Davide Andrea (2022).
5523:. In Takeuchi, Yoshinori (ed.).
5288:Buddhist Sects and Sectarianism.
4153:
3964:Depictions of the Buddhas in art
1620:), such as the superknowledges (
1318:, which include displays of the
1255:"Remember one's former abodes" (
928:
347:
184:spiritually awake or enlightened
128:
91:
18:List of the twenty-eight Buddhas
9185:Buddhist philosophical concepts
6551:
6398:Dictionary of Pāli proper names
6357:
6305:
6294:from the original on 2020-11-12
6276:
6120:from the original on 2021-02-27
5904:
5895:
5868:
5852:
5843:
5826:
5817:
5806:from the original on 2020-11-12
5788:
5731:
5699:
5671:
5658:
5649:
5578:
5512:
5483:
5452:
5432:
5406:
5379:
5354:Sree Padma. Barber, Anthony W.
5348:
5335:
5322:
5299:Sree Padma. Barber, Anthony W.
5293:
5267:
5256:from the original on 2022-10-07
5238:
5227:from the original on 2022-10-05
5209:
5198:from the original on 2022-10-05
5180:
5169:from the original on 2019-01-27
5150:
5137:
5093:
5060:The Buddha: A Beginner's Guide,
5052:
5039:
5028:from the original on 2023-03-23
5009:
4976:
4947:
4938:
4927:from the original on 2021-07-09
4909:
4898:from the original on 2021-03-18
4871:
4840:
4829:from the original on 2021-03-18
4740:from the original on 2018-03-27
4713:
4702:from the original on 2017-09-24
4661:from the original on 2019-07-02
4621:
4556:
4540:
4519:
4506:
4473:
4382:from the original on 2023-01-11
3572:
3133:Arindamo (at Paribhuttanagara)
2413:, which in turn is part of the
2021:, especially in the first four
1897:The Buddha as just a wise human
1626:thirty-two marks of a great man
1084:Analysis of the Jeweled Lineage
8689:Japanese Buddhist architecture
8491:Sinhalese Buddhist nationalism
7571:Seven Factors of Enlightenment
6762:Places where the Buddha stayed
5132:A Concise History of Buddhism.
5018:"The Twelve Deeds of a Buddha"
4593:Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010).
4421:
4393:
4355:
4324:
4287:. (accessed: January 10, 2016)
4270:
4241:Thirty-five Confession Buddhas
4132:on his body (such as lotuses,
3932:There is also the idea of the
3546:Thirty-Five Confession Buddhas
3455:. He is the central Buddha in
3341:, a Japanese statue of Amida (
3050:King Sujata of Yasawatinagara
2013:The Seven Buddhas of Antiquity
1238:"Mind-penetrating knowledge" (
984:method of attaining Buddhahood
13:
1:
8704:Tibetan Buddhist architecture
6416:Buswell, Robert, ed. (2004),
6105:. 11 (new series) (2): 33–8.
5554:Selected writings of Nichiren
5217:"Anuradha Sutta: To Anuradha"
4720:Vogel, Jean Philippe (1995).
4246:
4176:) mudra, which is popular in
3415:. His buddha-field is called
2945:Kassapa (at Siriwattanagara)
1432:anuttaro-puriṣa-damma-sārathi
323:
57:
8461:Buddhism and the Roman world
8437:Decline of Buddhism in India
8432:History of Buddhism in India
6532: Topics in
5467:Interpreting the Lotus Sutra
5105:A Guide to the Buddhist Path
5077:The Buddha and His Disciples
5075:Dhammika, Shravasti (2005).
4853:. 2014-09-12. Archived from
4758:Strong, John, 1948– (2009).
4251:
3556:). This sutra is popular in
3338:The Great Buddha of Kamakura
2491:will have been forgotten on
1585:A Buddha as a supreme person
1270:), that is, knowing others'
610:Buddhist Paths to liberation
7:
7659:Twenty-two vows of Ambedkar
7399:
5617:"Towards a Buddhist theism"
5588:. Soka Gakkai. p. 216.
5471:Readings of the Lotus Sutra
4884:. Oxford University Press.
4334:The foundations of Buddhism
4303:The foundations of Buddhism
4199:
1764:Guang Xing writes that the
1500:A Buddha must descend from
1442:
1431:
1406:
1395:
1373:
1370:Thus gone, thus come (Skt:
1242:
1181:The classic superknowledges
10:
9206:
8609:The unanswerable questions
6370:
5677:McMahan, David L. (2008),
5519:Shimazono, Susumu (2003).
4878:Olson, Carl (2015-03-03).
4278:Spoken Sanskrit Dictionary
3967:
3452:Vairocanābhisaṃbodhi Sūtra
2939:Sudinna/Sudatta - Sucandā
2674:Suruchi (in Siribrahmano)
2514:Parents (father - mother)
2108:Chakkavatti-Sīhanāda Sutta
2017:In the earliest strata of
1937:Mountains and Rivers Order
1421:Knower of the world (Skt:
1177:realms for bodhisattvas).
1130:Seated Shakyamuni Buddha,
1072:or ultimate Buddha is the
36:
29:
9137:
9089:
9004:
8919:
8694:Buddhist temples in Korea
8617:
8519:
8402:
8099:
8027:
7854:
7727:
7667:
7302:
7257:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
7168:
7160:Three planes of existence
7108:
6953:
6845:
6775:
6767:Buddha in world religions
6629:
6574:
6546:
6420:, MacMillan reference USA
5634:10.1017/S0034412522000725
4647:. Routledge. p. 96.
4368:. Routledge. p. 90.
4014:Buddha seated on a throne
4008:The Seated Buddha in the
3461:Chinese Esoteric Buddhism
3099:Stereospermum chelonoides
2432:The first three of these
1102:list of the named Buddhas
248:
239:
234:
226:
8476:Persecution of Buddhists
7697:Four stages of awakening
7078:Three marks of existence
6664:Physical characteristics
6418:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
5875:Strong, John S. (2007).
5246:"Vakkali Sutta: Vakkali"
4644:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
4365:Encyclopedia of Buddhism
4216:List of Buddha claimants
3550:Sutra of the Three Heaps
3239:Brahmadatta - Dhanavatī
2520:(tree of enlightenment)
1759:Samayabhedoparacanacakra
1711:Samayabhedoparacanacakra
1695:Samayabhedoparacanacakra
1357:Ten epithets of a Buddha
1331:Twin Miracle at Sāvatthī
316:, through following the
7839:Ten principal disciples
6722:(aunt, adoptive mother)
6345:Himalayan Art Resources
6288:www.accesstoinsight.org
5605:Routledge, 2008, p. 27.
5463:Stone, Jacqueline Ilyse
5429:Routledge, 2008, p. 21.
5250:www.accesstoinsight.org
5221:www.accesstoinsight.org
5192:www.accesstoinsight.org
5163:www.accesstoinsight.org
4601:Encyclopædia Britannica
4525:Hookham, S. K. (1991),
4512:Snelling, John (1987),
4501:10.3406/befeo.2007.6070
4479:Williams, Paul (2008).
4454:Snelling, John (1987),
4331:Gethin, Rupert (1998).
4300:Gethin, Rupert (1998).
3495:Akṣayamatinirdeśa Sūtra
3249:Jotipala (at Vappulla)
2523:Incarnation of Gautama
1772:along with its Chinese
1580:Views about the Buddhas
1558:A Buddha must give his
1530:A Buddha must practice
1443:śaththa deva-manuṣsāṇaṃ
1259:), recalling one's own
630:Philosophical reasoning
320:vehicle of the Buddha.
111:question marks or boxes
39:Buddha (disambiguation)
8549:Buddhism and democracy
8062:Tibetan Buddhist canon
8057:Chinese Buddhist canon
7289:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
7284:Early Buddhist schools
6103:Bulletin of Tibetology
5738:Maguire, Jack (2013).
5438:Hurvitz, Leon (2009),
5159:"Teacher of the Devas"
5157:Jootla, Susan Elbaum.
4815:. BRILL. p. 115.
4641:Keown, Damien (2013).
4080:
4001:
3990:
3835:
3548:which is found in the
3528:and often mistaken as
3425:("Infallible Success")
3384:
3346:
3094:Bandhumā - Bandhumatī
2766:Sujata (in Rammavati)
2661:Uttara (Majhimmadesa)
2381:, it is customary for
2346:
2316:
2202:
2182:
2173:") inscription in the
2167:Budha-sa Konākamana-sa
2009:
1946:
1811:
1790:thirty-two major marks
1785:Mahāparinirvānasūtra's
1737:
1723:preaching his teaching
1685:
1598:
1574:commentarial tradition
1482:
1311:
1191:supernormal knowledges
1139:
397:Pre-sectarian Buddhism
300:. The vehicles of the
99:This article contains
86:
67:
8559:Eight Consciousnesses
6669:Life of Buddha in art
5999:; Davids, R. (1878).
5912:Inscriptions of Asoka
5910:Hultzsch, E. (1925).
5058:Strong, John (2009),
4983:Strong, John (2009).
4971:The Blue Cliff Record
4276:buddhatva, बुद्धत्व.
4226:List of named Buddhas
4122:between the eyebrows.
4078:
3996:
3977:
3833:
3660:Buddha family, Wheel
3577:In Tantric Buddhism (
3560:rites of confession.
3554:Triskandhadharmasutra
3520:(Jp: Hotei), the fat
3382:
3335:
3312:Subrahmā -Brahmavatī
3152:Suppatīta - Yasavatī
2590:Sumaṅgala - Yasavatī
2326:
2293:
2188:
2164:
1956:
1941:
1808:
1715:
1679:
1592:
1519:A Buddha must make a
1480:
1407:vijya-carana-sampanno
1305:
1279:the mental pollutants
1129:
665:Aids to Enlightenment
490:Dependent Origination
73:
47:
9036:East Asian religions
8466:Buddhism in the West
8037:Early Buddhist texts
7652:Four Right Exertions
7118:Ten spiritual realms
6611:Noble Eightfold Path
5878:Relics of the Buddha
5770:(Public Domain text)
5744:Simon & Schuster
4221:List of bodhisattvas
4211:Glossary of Buddhism
3849:, there are various
3823:aggression, aversion
3645:Akanistha Ghanavyuha
3583:five primary Buddhas
3536:, the future Buddha.
3405:(lit. "The Joyous").
3401:His buddha-field is
3286:Gautama, the Buddha
3210:Yaññadatta - Uttarā
3181:Aggidatta - Visākhā
3044:Janasandha - Padumā
2835:Raja Sudeva - Anomā
2756:Sudhamma - Sudhammā
1766:Acchariyābbhūtasutta
1697:to the Mahāsāṃghika
1609:sense nor a regular
1545:(place of awakening)
1227:"Divine ear" (Pali:
1187:Early Buddhist texts
1162:, and has ended the
1122:Nature of the Buddha
635:Devotional practices
458:Noble Eightfold Path
274:Five Buddha Families
198:, and liberation or
54:Greco-Buddhist style
9159:Religion portal
8906:Temple of the Tooth
8785:Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi
7824:Upāsaka and Upāsikā
7317:Bodhipakkhiyādhammā
7100:Two truths doctrine
6920:Mahapajapati Gotamī
6720:Mahapajapati Gotamī
6202:Malalasekera (2007)
6186:Malalasekera (2007)
6170:Malalasekera (2007)
6154:Malalasekera (2007)
6138:Malalasekera (2007)
6078:Malalasekera (2007)
5973:Malalasekera (2007)
5412:Guang Xing (2005).
5016:Berzin, Alexander.
4184:but rarely seen in
4020:The Standing Buddha
3795:northern pure land
3758:southern pure land
3374:East Asian Buddhism
2964:Sāgara - Sudassanā
2914:Uggata - Pabhāvatī
2870:Jatilo, an ascetic
2785:Yasava - Yasodharā
2566:Sudeva - Yasodharā
2311:Minor Pillar Edicts
2250:Kapilvastu District
2019:Pali Buddhist texts
1958:"The Seven Buddhas"
1877:Buddhism and theism
1858:East Asian Buddhism
1755:Lokānuvartana Sūtra
1672:Mahāsāṃghika school
1597:style Buddha statue
1298:Miraculous displays
935:Buddhism portal
808:Buddhism by country
570:Sanskrit literature
259:schools of Buddhism
9081:Western philosophy
8679:Dzong architecture
8501:Vipassana movement
8496:Buddhist modernism
7924:Emperor Wen of Sui
7692:Pratyekabuddhayāna
7625:Threefold Training
7427:Vipassana movement
7143:Hungry Ghost realm
6963:Avidyā (Ignorance)
6910:Puṇṇa Mantānīputta
6659:Great Renunciation
6654:Eight Great Events
6536:
6393:Malalasekera, G.P.
6323:2021-06-02 at the
6236:Barua, A. (2008).
6223:2011-07-13 at the
6094:Ghosh, B. (1987).
6065:2020-02-22 at the
5785:, p. 110-111.
5740:Essential Buddhism
5459:Teiser, Stephen F.
4958:2012-05-30 at the
4921:forums.nexopia.com
4283:2017-01-02 at the
4130:auspicious symbols
4081:
4002:
3997:Buddha statues at
3991:
3836:
3721:western pure land
3682:eastern pure land
3643:central pure land
3619:Family and Symbol
3566:Bhadrakalpikasūtra
3524:, usually seen in
3473:Ghanavyūhakaniṣṭha
3413:Pure Land Buddhism
3385:
3347:
3262:Gautama (current)
3244:Ficus benghalensis
3123:Aruṇa - Pabhāvatī
3069:Jayasena - Sirimā
3008:Siddhartha (novel)
2889:Sumedha - Sumedhā
2542:Sunanda - Sunandā
2467:Buddhist scripture
2359:Theravāda Buddhism
2347:
2309:Edict, one of the
2203:
2183:
2070:(lived thirty-one
2060:(lived thirty-one
2050:(lived ninety-one
2010:
1903:Buddhist modernism
1891:Pure Land Buddhism
1812:
1686:
1655:Similarly, in the
1650:Madhupindika Sutta
1599:
1494:dvadaśabuddhakārya
1483:
1324:Buddhist cosmology
1312:
1257:pubbenivāsanussati
1140:
1118:numbers 439–448).
1068:). Meanwhile, the
422:Buddhist modernism
182:for those who are
87:
74:A painting of the
68:
9167:
9166:
8805:Om mani padme hum
8511:Women in Buddhism
8427:Buddhist councils
8297:Western countries
8085:Madhyamakālaṃkāra
7846:Shaolin Monastery
7423:Samatha-vipassanā
7033:Pratītyasamutpāda
6837:Metteyya/Maitreya
6755:
6747:
6739:
6731:
6723:
6715:
6707:
6584:Four Noble Truths
6469:978-90-04-29937-5
6438:978-0-691-15786-3
6408:978-81-208-3020-2
6247:978-81-8315-096-5
6036:Pali Text Society
5888:978-0-691-11764-5
5800:Access To Insight
5753:978-1-4767-6196-1
5695:978-0-19-518327-6
5621:Religious Studies
5534:978-81-208-1944-3
5505:978-1-315-31789-2
5479:978-0-231-14288-5
5448:978-0-231-14895-5
5328:Tanaka, Kenneth.
5286:Baruah, Bibhuti.
5273:Gadkari, Jayant.
5130:Skilton, Andrew.
5114:978-1-899579-04-4
5086:978-955-24-0280-7
5022:studybuddhism.com
4994:978-1-4416-3432-0
4891:978-0-19-026640-0
4822:978-90-04-27939-1
4769:978-1-4416-3432-0
4733:978-81-206-1071-2
4692:978-0-86171-864-1
4654:978-1-136-98588-1
4614:978-1-59339-837-8
4579:978-0-8248-1402-1
4564:Kalupahana, David
4535:978-0-7914-0358-7
4441:978-0-8248-1253-9
4413:978-0-88706-156-1
4375:978-1-136-98588-1
3978:Various types of
3828:
3827:
3598:Main bodhisattva
3397:Vimalakirti sutra
3325:
3324:
3019:Udena - Suphassā
2989:Saraṇa - Sunandā
2895:Native of Uttaro
2845:in the Himalayas
2639:Sunanda - Sujātā
2614:Sudeva - Sumedhā
2297:Buddha Shakyamuni
2287:, emperor of the
2248:, in what is now
2207:Koṇāgamana Buddha
2171:Kanakamuni Buddha
2106:One sutta called
1994:Koṇāgamana Buddha
1990:Kakusandha Buddha
1801:Mahāyāna Buddhism
1383:Worthy one (Skt:
1342:Vimalakirti Sutra
1310:, 3rd century CE.
1079:Ratnagotravibhāga
1037:Mahāyāna Buddhism
1028:, using the term
971:
970:
453:Four Noble Truths
107:rendering support
76:primordial Buddha
63:–2nd century CE,
16:(Redirected from
9197:
9157:
9156:
9145:
9144:
8984:Sacred languages
8832:Maya Devi Temple
8795:Mahabodhi Temple
8599:Secular Buddhism
8564:Engaged Buddhism
7404:
7252:Tibetan Buddhism
7203:Vietnamese Thiền
6802:Mahāsthāmaprāpta
6753:
6745:
6737:
6729:
6721:
6713:
6705:
6554:
6553:
6541:
6531:
6521:
6514:
6507:
6498:
6497:
6480:
6442:
6421:
6412:
6388:
6364:
6361:
6355:
6354:
6352:
6351:
6333:
6327:
6309:
6303:
6302:
6300:
6299:
6280:
6274:
6273:
6258:
6252:
6251:
6233:
6227:
6215:
6209:
6199:
6193:
6183:
6177:
6167:
6161:
6151:
6145:
6135:
6129:
6128:
6126:
6125:
6119:
6100:
6091:
6085:
6075:
6069:
6058:Vipassana.info,
6056:
6050:
6049:
6024:
6009:
6008:
5993:
5980:
5970:
5964:
5963:
5961:
5960:
5945:
5939:
5938:
5921:
5915:
5908:
5902:
5899:
5893:
5892:
5872:
5866:
5865:
5856:
5850:
5847:
5841:
5830:
5824:
5821:
5815:
5814:
5812:
5811:
5792:
5786:
5783:Silk et al. 2019
5780:
5771:
5764:
5758:
5757:
5735:
5729:
5728:
5707:Nhất Hạnh, Thích
5703:
5697:
5675:
5669:
5664:Dr. Guang Xing,
5662:
5656:
5653:
5647:
5646:
5636:
5612:
5606:
5601:Williams, Paul,
5599:
5590:
5589:
5582:
5576:
5575:
5545:
5539:
5538:
5516:
5510:
5509:
5487:
5481:
5456:
5450:
5436:
5430:
5425:Williams, Paul,
5423:
5417:
5410:
5404:
5401:
5390:
5383:
5377:
5370:
5359:
5352:
5346:
5339:
5333:
5326:
5320:
5313:
5304:
5297:
5291:
5284:
5278:
5271:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5242:
5236:
5235:
5233:
5232:
5213:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5203:
5184:
5178:
5177:
5175:
5174:
5154:
5148:
5141:
5135:
5128:
5119:
5118:
5097:
5091:
5090:
5072:
5063:
5056:
5050:
5045:Philippe Cornu,
5043:
5037:
5036:
5034:
5033:
5013:
5007:
5006:
4980:
4974:
4951:
4945:
4942:
4936:
4935:
4933:
4932:
4913:
4907:
4906:
4904:
4903:
4875:
4869:
4868:
4866:
4865:
4859:
4852:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4835:
4834:
4806:
4800:
4799:
4789:
4781:
4755:
4749:
4748:
4746:
4745:
4717:
4711:
4710:
4708:
4707:
4701:
4676:
4670:
4669:
4667:
4666:
4638:
4632:
4625:
4619:
4618:
4598:
4590:
4584:
4583:
4560:
4554:
4551:Indian Buddhism.
4544:
4538:
4523:
4517:
4510:
4504:
4493:
4484:
4477:
4471:
4468:Udana Commentary
4465:
4459:
4452:
4446:
4445:
4425:
4419:
4417:
4397:
4391:
4390:
4388:
4387:
4359:
4353:
4352:
4328:
4322:
4321:
4297:
4288:
4274:
4268:
4262:
4231:Secular Buddhism
3847:Buddhist tantras
3805:
3592:
3591:
3558:Tibetan Buddhist
3446:Avatamsaka Sutra
3345:), 13th-century.
3328:Mahāyāna Buddhas
3128:Mangifera indica
2864:Ānanda - Sujātā
2728:Vipula - Vipulā
2664:Uttara - Uttarā
2500:
2499:
2442:niyatha vivarana
2438:Dīpankara Buddha
2314:
2265:Pillar of Ashoka
2074:ago in the same
1949:Lists of Buddhas
1830:). The Mahāyāna
1632:spiritual goal:
1565:
1473:Acts of a Buddha
1463:Buddha-Lokanatha
1445:
1434:
1414:Well gone (Skt:
1409:
1398:
1396:samyak-saṃbuddha
1378:
1245:
1115:Taishō Tripiṭaka
1050:Avatamsaka sutra
963:
956:
949:
933:
932:
660:Sublime abidings
351:
328:
327:
290:The goal of the
250:
242:
241:
236:
228:
227:𑀩𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀢𑁆𑀯
169:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
152:
147:
146:
143:
140:
137:
134:
95:
94:
84:Tibetan Buddhism
62:
59:
21:
9205:
9204:
9200:
9199:
9198:
9196:
9195:
9194:
9170:
9169:
9168:
9163:
9151:
9133:
9085:
9000:
8915:
8652:Ordination hall
8613:
8515:
8486:Buddhist crisis
8398:
8095:
8047:Mahayana sutras
8023:
8019:Thích Nhất Hạnh
7850:
7723:
7663:
7613:Bodhisattva vow
7298:
7164:
7104:
7063:Taṇhā (Craving)
6998:Five hindrances
6949:
6841:
6771:
6625:
6570:
6542:
6525:
6488:
6483:
6470:
6439:
6409:
6373:
6368:
6367:
6362:
6358:
6349:
6347:
6334:
6330:
6325:Wayback Machine
6310:
6306:
6297:
6295:
6282:
6281:
6277:
6266:"XVIII: Tandwa"
6259:
6255:
6248:
6234:
6230:
6225:Wayback Machine
6216:
6212:
6200:
6196:
6184:
6180:
6168:
6164:
6152:
6148:
6136:
6132:
6123:
6121:
6117:
6098:
6092:
6088:
6076:
6072:
6067:Wayback Machine
6057:
6053:
6046:
6025:
6012:
5994:
5983:
5971:
5967:
5958:
5956:
5947:
5946:
5942:
5930:The Buddhavamsa
5922:
5918:
5909:
5905:
5900:
5896:
5889:
5873:
5869:
5858:
5857:
5853:
5848:
5844:
5831:
5827:
5822:
5818:
5809:
5807:
5794:
5793:
5789:
5781:
5774:
5765:
5761:
5754:
5736:
5732:
5725:
5704:
5700:
5676:
5672:
5663:
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5654:
5650:
5613:
5609:
5600:
5593:
5584:
5583:
5579:
5564:
5546:
5542:
5535:
5517:
5513:
5506:
5488:
5484:
5457:
5453:
5437:
5433:
5424:
5420:
5411:
5407:
5402:
5393:
5384:
5380:
5371:
5362:
5358:2008. pp. 59–60
5353:
5349:
5340:
5336:
5327:
5323:
5314:
5307:
5298:
5294:
5285:
5281:
5272:
5268:
5259:
5257:
5244:
5243:
5239:
5230:
5228:
5215:
5214:
5210:
5201:
5199:
5186:
5185:
5181:
5172:
5170:
5155:
5151:
5142:
5138:
5134:2004. pp. 64–65
5129:
5122:
5115:
5098:
5094:
5087:
5073:
5066:
5057:
5053:
5044:
5040:
5031:
5029:
5014:
5010:
4995:
4981:
4977:
4960:Wayback Machine
4952:
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4928:
4915:
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4857:
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4823:
4807:
4803:
4783:
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4770:
4756:
4752:
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4714:
4705:
4703:
4699:
4693:
4677:
4673:
4664:
4662:
4655:
4639:
4635:
4626:
4622:
4615:
4591:
4587:
4580:
4561:
4557:
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4524:
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4507:
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4487:
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4466:
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4453:
4449:
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4426:
4422:
4414:
4398:
4394:
4385:
4383:
4376:
4360:
4356:
4349:
4329:
4325:
4318:
4298:
4291:
4285:Wayback Machine
4275:
4271:
4263:
4259:
4254:
4249:
4236:Ten Bodhisattas
4202:
4156:
4073:
4058:Avalokiteshvara
3972:
3966:
3799:
3575:
3542:Mahāyāna sutras
3522:laughing Buddha
3330:
3281:Ficus religiosa
3186:Albizia lebbeck
2696:
2458:) would attain
2410:Khuddaka Nikāya
2351:Pali literature
2321:
2315:
2304:
2015:
1986:Vessabhū Buddha
1951:
1919:Thích Nhất Hạnh
1899:
1803:
1674:
1669:
1587:
1582:
1563:
1521:great departure
1475:
1467:Buddha-Bhagavan
1359:
1337:Mahayana sutras
1300:
1183:
1124:
967:
927:
920:
919:
810:
800:
799:
750:
740:
739:
705:
695:
694:
600:
590:
589:
560:Mahayana Sutras
540:
530:
529:
470:Five Aggregates
448:
447:
427:
426:
417:Later Buddhists
382:
326:
149:
131:
127:
116:
115:
114:
105:Without proper
96:
92:
60:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
9203:
9193:
9192:
9187:
9182:
9165:
9164:
9162:
9161:
9149:
9138:
9135:
9134:
9132:
9131:
9126:
9121:
9116:
9111:
9106:
9101:
9095:
9093:
9087:
9086:
9084:
9083:
9078:
9073:
9068:
9063:
9058:
9053:
9048:
9043:
9038:
9033:
9032:
9031:
9026:
9016:
9010:
9008:
9002:
9001:
8999:
8998:
8997:
8996:
8991:
8981:
8976:
8971:
8966:
8961:
8956:
8951:
8946:
8941:
8936:
8931:
8925:
8923:
8917:
8916:
8914:
8913:
8908:
8903:
8902:
8901:
8896:
8891:
8886:
8881:
8871:
8866:
8861:
8856:
8851:
8850:
8849:
8844:
8839:
8834:
8829:
8819:
8814:
8809:
8808:
8807:
8797:
8792:
8787:
8782:
8781:
8780:
8775:
8770:
8765:
8760:
8750:
8745:
8740:
8735:
8730:
8725:
8720:
8719:
8718:
8716:Greco-Buddhist
8708:
8707:
8706:
8701:
8696:
8691:
8686:
8681:
8676:
8671:
8670:
8669:
8667:Burmese pagoda
8659:
8654:
8649:
8644:
8639:
8634:
8623:
8621:
8615:
8614:
8612:
8611:
8606:
8601:
8596:
8591:
8586:
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8571:
8566:
8561:
8556:
8551:
8546:
8541:
8536:
8531:
8525:
8523:
8517:
8516:
8514:
8513:
8508:
8503:
8498:
8493:
8488:
8483:
8478:
8473:
8468:
8463:
8458:
8457:
8456:
8449:Greco-Buddhism
8446:
8441:
8440:
8439:
8429:
8424:
8419:
8414:
8408:
8406:
8400:
8399:
8397:
8396:
8395:
8394:
8389:
8384:
8382:United Kingdom
8379:
8374:
8369:
8364:
8359:
8354:
8349:
8344:
8339:
8334:
8329:
8327:Czech Republic
8324:
8319:
8314:
8309:
8304:
8294:
8293:
8292:
8287:
8277:
8276:
8275:
8265:
8264:
8263:
8258:
8248:
8243:
8238:
8233:
8228:
8223:
8218:
8217:
8216:
8206:
8201:
8191:
8186:
8181:
8176:
8171:
8166:
8161:
8156:
8151:
8146:
8141:
8136:
8131:
8126:
8121:
8116:
8111:
8105:
8103:
8097:
8096:
8094:
8093:
8091:Abhidharmadīpa
8088:
8081:
8076:
8071:
8064:
8059:
8054:
8049:
8044:
8039:
8033:
8031:
8025:
8024:
8022:
8021:
8016:
8011:
8009:B. R. Ambedkar
8006:
8001:
7996:
7991:
7986:
7981:
7976:
7971:
7966:
7961:
7956:
7951:
7946:
7941:
7936:
7931:
7929:Songtsen Gampo
7926:
7921:
7916:
7911:
7906:
7901:
7896:
7891:
7886:
7881:
7876:
7871:
7866:
7860:
7858:
7852:
7851:
7849:
7848:
7843:
7842:
7841:
7831:
7826:
7821:
7816:
7811:
7806:
7805:
7804:
7794:
7789:
7784:
7779:
7774:
7769:
7764:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7733:
7731:
7725:
7724:
7722:
7721:
7720:
7719:
7714:
7709:
7704:
7694:
7689:
7684:
7679:
7673:
7671:
7665:
7664:
7662:
7661:
7656:
7655:
7654:
7644:
7643:
7642:
7637:
7632:
7622:
7621:
7620:
7615:
7610:
7608:Eight precepts
7605:
7595:
7594:
7593:
7588:
7583:
7578:
7568:
7567:
7566:
7556:
7551:
7546:
7545:
7544:
7539:
7534:
7524:
7519:
7514:
7509:
7504:
7503:
7502:
7497:
7487:
7482:
7481:
7480:
7475:
7470:
7465:
7460:
7455:
7450:
7445:
7440:
7435:
7430:
7420:
7415:
7410:
7405:
7396:
7386:
7381:
7379:Five Strengths
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7356:
7351:
7346:
7345:
7344:
7339:
7334:
7329:
7319:
7314:
7308:
7306:
7300:
7299:
7297:
7296:
7291:
7286:
7281:
7276:
7271:
7270:
7269:
7264:
7259:
7254:
7244:
7243:
7242:
7237:
7232:
7227:
7222:
7217:
7212:
7207:
7206:
7205:
7200:
7195:
7190:
7174:
7172:
7166:
7165:
7163:
7162:
7157:
7156:
7155:
7150:
7145:
7140:
7135:
7130:
7120:
7114:
7112:
7106:
7105:
7103:
7102:
7097:
7096:
7095:
7090:
7085:
7075:
7070:
7065:
7060:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7040:
7035:
7030:
7025:
7020:
7018:Mental factors
7015:
7010:
7005:
7000:
6995:
6990:
6985:
6980:
6975:
6970:
6965:
6959:
6957:
6951:
6950:
6948:
6947:
6942:
6937:
6932:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
6902:
6897:
6892:
6887:
6882:
6877:
6872:
6870:Mahamoggallāna
6867:
6862:
6857:
6851:
6849:
6843:
6842:
6840:
6839:
6834:
6829:
6824:
6819:
6814:
6809:
6804:
6799:
6794:
6793:
6792:
6785:Avalokiteśvara
6781:
6779:
6773:
6772:
6770:
6769:
6764:
6759:
6758:
6757:
6749:
6741:
6733:
6725:
6717:
6709:
6696:
6691:
6686:
6681:
6676:
6671:
6666:
6661:
6656:
6651:
6646:
6641:
6635:
6633:
6627:
6626:
6624:
6623:
6618:
6613:
6608:
6607:
6606:
6601:
6596:
6586:
6580:
6578:
6572:
6571:
6569:
6568:
6563:
6558:
6547:
6544:
6543:
6524:
6523:
6516:
6509:
6501:
6495:
6494:
6487:
6486:External links
6484:
6482:
6481:
6468:
6443:
6437:
6422:
6413:
6407:
6389:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6366:
6365:
6356:
6328:
6304:
6275:
6262:Cunningham, A.
6253:
6246:
6228:
6210:
6194:
6178:
6162:
6146:
6130:
6086:
6070:
6051:
6044:
6030:, ed. (1975).
6010:
5997:Davids, T.W.R.
5981:
5965:
5940:
5916:
5903:
5894:
5887:
5867:
5851:
5842:
5825:
5816:
5787:
5772:
5759:
5752:
5730:
5723:
5715:Broadway Books
5698:
5670:
5657:
5648:
5627:(4): 762–774.
5607:
5591:
5577:
5562:
5550:"Introduction"
5540:
5533:
5511:
5504:
5482:
5451:
5431:
5418:
5405:
5391:
5378:
5360:
5347:
5334:
5321:
5305:
5292:
5279:
5266:
5237:
5208:
5179:
5149:
5143:Peter Harvey,
5136:
5120:
5113:
5101:Sangharakshita
5092:
5085:
5064:
5051:
5038:
5008:
4993:
4975:
4946:
4937:
4908:
4890:
4870:
4839:
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4801:
4768:
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4691:
4671:
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4505:
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4472:
4460:
4447:
4440:
4420:
4412:
4392:
4374:
4354:
4347:
4323:
4316:
4289:
4269:
4256:
4255:
4253:
4250:
4248:
4245:
4244:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4213:
4208:
4206:Eternal Buddha
4201:
4198:
4155:
4152:
4151:
4150:
4147:
4144:
4141:
4126:
4123:
4110:
4096:buddha statues
4072:
4069:
4031:
4030:
4027:
4024:
4021:
4018:
4015:
4012:
4010:Lotus position
3999:Longhua Temple
3980:Buddha statues
3968:Main article:
3965:
3962:
3851:fierce deities
3826:
3825:
3820:
3815:
3812:
3809:
3806:
3793:
3788:
3780:
3779:
3774:
3773:Jewel (Ratna)
3771:
3768:
3765:
3762:
3756:
3751:
3743:
3742:
3737:
3736:Lotus (Padma)
3734:
3731:
3728:
3725:
3719:
3717:Avalokiteśvara
3714:
3706:
3705:
3703:envy, jealousy
3700:
3695:
3692:
3689:
3686:
3680:
3675:
3667:
3666:
3661:
3658:
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3641:
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3627:
3620:
3617:
3612:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3596:
3574:
3571:
3538:
3537:
3515:
3504:
3487:
3476:
3438:
3437:("Jewel Born")
3432:
3426:
3420:
3406:
3329:
3326:
3323:
3322:
3320:
3313:
3310:
3303:
3297:
3292:
3288:
3287:
3284:
3277:
3268:
3263:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3250:
3247:
3240:
3237:
3234:
3231:
3226:
3222:
3221:
3218:
3215:Ficus racemosa
3211:
3208:
3205:
3202:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3189:
3182:
3179:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3164:
3163:
3160:
3157:Shorea robusta
3153:
3150:
3147:
3144:
3139:
3135:
3134:
3131:
3124:
3121:
3118:
3115:
3110:
3106:
3105:
3102:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3081:
3077:
3076:
3073:
3070:
3067:
3064:
3061:
3056:
3052:
3051:
3048:
3045:
3042:
3039:
3036:
3031:
3027:
3026:
3023:
3020:
3017:
3014:
3011:
3001:
2997:
2996:
2993:
2990:
2987:
2984:
2981:
2976:
2972:
2971:
2968:
2965:
2962:
2959:
2956:
2951:
2947:
2946:
2943:
2940:
2937:
2934:
2931:
2926:
2922:
2921:
2920:A chakravarti
2918:
2915:
2912:
2909:
2906:
2901:
2897:
2896:
2893:
2890:
2887:
2884:
2881:
2876:
2872:
2871:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2859:
2856:
2851:
2847:
2846:
2839:
2836:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2822:
2818:
2817:
2814:
2811:
2810:Asama - Asamā
2808:
2805:
2802:
2797:
2793:
2792:
2791:A Yaksha king
2789:
2786:
2783:
2780:
2779:Anavamadarśin
2777:
2772:
2768:
2767:
2764:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2729:
2726:
2723:
2720:
2715:
2711:
2710:
2706:King Atulo, a
2704:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2680:
2676:
2675:
2672:
2665:
2662:
2659:
2656:
2651:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2640:
2637:
2634:
2631:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2601:
2597:
2596:
2594:
2591:
2588:
2585:
2582:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2570:
2567:
2564:
2561:
2558:
2553:
2549:
2548:
2546:
2543:
2540:
2537:
2534:
2529:
2525:
2524:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2509:
2508:Sanskrit name
2506:
2503:
2397:Gautama Buddha
2320:
2317:
2302:
2221:. There is an
2158:respectively.
2104:
2103:
2097:
2091:
2085:
2079:
2065:
2055:
2027:Saptatathāgata
2014:
2011:
1998:Kassapa Buddha
1978:Vipassī Buddha
1966:Gautama Buddha
1950:
1947:
1898:
1895:
1828:buddha kshetra
1802:
1799:
1794:Simpsapa sutta
1770:Majjhimanikāya
1699:Ekavyāvahārika
1673:
1670:
1668:
1665:
1657:Anuradha Sutta
1586:
1583:
1581:
1578:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1556:
1553:
1546:
1535:
1528:
1517:
1514:
1511:
1508:
1505:
1496:). These are:
1474:
1471:
1459:
1458:
1451:
1448:
1437:
1426:
1419:
1412:
1401:
1390:
1381:
1364:Mahayana texts
1358:
1355:
1326:, and others.
1299:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1275:
1266:"Divine eye" (
1264:
1253:
1236:
1225:
1182:
1179:
1132:Seokguram cave
1123:
1120:
1018:pratyekabuddha
969:
968:
966:
965:
958:
951:
943:
940:
939:
938:
937:
922:
921:
918:
917:
912:
907:
902:
897:
892:
887:
882:
877:
872:
867:
862:
857:
852:
847:
842:
837:
832:
827:
822:
817:
811:
806:
805:
802:
801:
798:
797:
792:
787:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
751:
746:
745:
742:
741:
738:
737:
732:
727:
725:Pratyekabuddha
722:
717:
712:
706:
701:
700:
697:
696:
693:
692:
687:
682:
680:Buddhist chant
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
601:
596:
595:
592:
591:
588:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
562:
557:
552:
547:
541:
538:Buddhist texts
536:
535:
532:
531:
528:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
466:
465:
455:
449:
446:
445:
440:
434:
433:
432:
429:
428:
425:
424:
419:
414:
409:
404:
399:
394:
389:
383:
378:
377:
374:
373:
372:
371:
366:
361:
353:
352:
344:
343:
337:
336:
325:
322:
266:Gautama Buddha
254:sammā-sambodhi
109:, you may see
97:
90:
89:
88:
26:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
9202:
9191:
9188:
9186:
9183:
9181:
9178:
9177:
9175:
9160:
9155:
9150:
9148:
9140:
9139:
9136:
9130:
9127:
9125:
9122:
9120:
9117:
9115:
9112:
9110:
9107:
9105:
9102:
9100:
9097:
9096:
9094:
9092:
9088:
9082:
9079:
9077:
9074:
9072:
9069:
9067:
9064:
9062:
9059:
9057:
9054:
9052:
9049:
9047:
9044:
9042:
9039:
9037:
9034:
9030:
9027:
9025:
9022:
9021:
9020:
9017:
9015:
9012:
9011:
9009:
9007:
9003:
8995:
8992:
8990:
8987:
8986:
8985:
8982:
8980:
8977:
8975:
8972:
8970:
8967:
8965:
8962:
8960:
8957:
8955:
8952:
8950:
8947:
8945:
8942:
8940:
8937:
8935:
8932:
8930:
8927:
8926:
8924:
8922:
8921:Miscellaneous
8918:
8912:
8911:Vegetarianism
8909:
8907:
8904:
8900:
8897:
8895:
8892:
8890:
8887:
8885:
8882:
8880:
8877:
8876:
8875:
8872:
8870:
8867:
8865:
8862:
8860:
8857:
8855:
8852:
8848:
8845:
8843:
8840:
8838:
8835:
8833:
8830:
8828:
8825:
8824:
8823:
8820:
8818:
8815:
8813:
8810:
8806:
8803:
8802:
8801:
8798:
8796:
8793:
8791:
8788:
8786:
8783:
8779:
8776:
8774:
8771:
8769:
8766:
8764:
8761:
8759:
8756:
8755:
8754:
8751:
8749:
8746:
8744:
8741:
8739:
8736:
8734:
8733:Buddha in art
8731:
8729:
8726:
8724:
8721:
8717:
8714:
8713:
8712:
8709:
8705:
8702:
8700:
8697:
8695:
8692:
8690:
8687:
8685:
8682:
8680:
8677:
8675:
8672:
8668:
8665:
8664:
8663:
8660:
8658:
8655:
8653:
8650:
8648:
8645:
8643:
8640:
8638:
8635:
8633:
8630:
8629:
8628:
8625:
8624:
8622:
8620:
8616:
8610:
8607:
8605:
8602:
8600:
8597:
8595:
8592:
8590:
8587:
8585:
8582:
8580:
8577:
8575:
8572:
8570:
8567:
8565:
8562:
8560:
8557:
8555:
8552:
8550:
8547:
8545:
8542:
8540:
8537:
8535:
8532:
8530:
8527:
8526:
8524:
8522:
8518:
8512:
8509:
8507:
8504:
8502:
8499:
8497:
8494:
8492:
8489:
8487:
8484:
8482:
8479:
8477:
8474:
8472:
8469:
8467:
8464:
8462:
8459:
8455:
8452:
8451:
8450:
8447:
8445:
8442:
8438:
8435:
8434:
8433:
8430:
8428:
8425:
8423:
8420:
8418:
8415:
8413:
8410:
8409:
8407:
8405:
8401:
8393:
8390:
8388:
8387:United States
8385:
8383:
8380:
8378:
8375:
8373:
8370:
8368:
8365:
8363:
8360:
8358:
8355:
8353:
8350:
8348:
8345:
8343:
8340:
8338:
8335:
8333:
8330:
8328:
8325:
8323:
8320:
8318:
8315:
8313:
8310:
8308:
8305:
8303:
8300:
8299:
8298:
8295:
8291:
8288:
8286:
8283:
8282:
8281:
8278:
8274:
8271:
8270:
8269:
8266:
8262:
8259:
8257:
8254:
8253:
8252:
8249:
8247:
8244:
8242:
8239:
8237:
8234:
8232:
8229:
8227:
8224:
8222:
8219:
8214:
8210:
8207:
8205:
8202:
8200:
8197:
8196:
8195:
8192:
8190:
8187:
8185:
8182:
8180:
8177:
8175:
8172:
8170:
8167:
8165:
8162:
8160:
8157:
8155:
8152:
8150:
8147:
8145:
8142:
8140:
8137:
8135:
8132:
8130:
8127:
8125:
8122:
8120:
8117:
8115:
8112:
8110:
8107:
8106:
8104:
8102:
8098:
8092:
8089:
8087:
8086:
8082:
8080:
8077:
8075:
8072:
8070:
8069:
8065:
8063:
8060:
8058:
8055:
8053:
8050:
8048:
8045:
8043:
8040:
8038:
8035:
8034:
8032:
8030:
8026:
8020:
8017:
8015:
8012:
8010:
8007:
8005:
8002:
8000:
7997:
7995:
7992:
7990:
7987:
7985:
7982:
7980:
7977:
7975:
7972:
7970:
7967:
7965:
7962:
7960:
7957:
7955:
7952:
7950:
7947:
7945:
7944:Padmasambhava
7942:
7940:
7937:
7935:
7932:
7930:
7927:
7925:
7922:
7920:
7917:
7915:
7912:
7910:
7907:
7905:
7902:
7900:
7897:
7895:
7892:
7890:
7887:
7885:
7882:
7880:
7877:
7875:
7872:
7870:
7867:
7865:
7862:
7861:
7859:
7857:
7856:Major figures
7853:
7847:
7844:
7840:
7837:
7836:
7835:
7832:
7830:
7827:
7825:
7822:
7820:
7817:
7815:
7812:
7810:
7807:
7803:
7802:Western tulku
7800:
7799:
7798:
7795:
7793:
7790:
7788:
7785:
7783:
7780:
7778:
7775:
7773:
7770:
7768:
7765:
7763:
7760:
7758:
7755:
7753:
7750:
7748:
7745:
7743:
7740:
7738:
7735:
7734:
7732:
7730:
7726:
7718:
7715:
7713:
7710:
7708:
7705:
7703:
7700:
7699:
7698:
7695:
7693:
7690:
7688:
7685:
7683:
7680:
7678:
7675:
7674:
7672:
7670:
7666:
7660:
7657:
7653:
7650:
7649:
7648:
7645:
7641:
7638:
7636:
7633:
7631:
7628:
7627:
7626:
7623:
7619:
7616:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7604:
7603:Five precepts
7601:
7600:
7599:
7596:
7592:
7589:
7587:
7584:
7582:
7581:Dhamma vicaya
7579:
7577:
7574:
7573:
7572:
7569:
7565:
7562:
7561:
7560:
7557:
7555:
7552:
7550:
7547:
7543:
7540:
7538:
7535:
7533:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7525:
7523:
7520:
7518:
7515:
7513:
7510:
7508:
7505:
7501:
7498:
7496:
7493:
7492:
7491:
7488:
7486:
7483:
7479:
7476:
7474:
7471:
7469:
7466:
7464:
7461:
7459:
7456:
7454:
7451:
7449:
7446:
7444:
7441:
7439:
7436:
7434:
7431:
7428:
7424:
7421:
7419:
7416:
7414:
7411:
7409:
7406:
7403:
7402:
7397:
7395:
7392:
7391:
7390:
7387:
7385:
7382:
7380:
7377:
7375:
7372:
7370:
7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7355:
7352:
7350:
7349:Buddhābhiṣeka
7347:
7343:
7340:
7338:
7335:
7333:
7330:
7328:
7325:
7324:
7323:
7320:
7318:
7315:
7313:
7310:
7309:
7307:
7305:
7301:
7295:
7292:
7290:
7287:
7285:
7282:
7280:
7277:
7275:
7272:
7268:
7265:
7263:
7260:
7258:
7255:
7253:
7250:
7249:
7248:
7245:
7241:
7238:
7236:
7233:
7231:
7228:
7226:
7223:
7221:
7218:
7216:
7213:
7211:
7208:
7204:
7201:
7199:
7196:
7194:
7191:
7189:
7186:
7185:
7184:
7181:
7180:
7179:
7176:
7175:
7173:
7171:
7167:
7161:
7158:
7154:
7151:
7149:
7146:
7144:
7141:
7139:
7136:
7134:
7131:
7129:
7126:
7125:
7124:
7121:
7119:
7116:
7115:
7113:
7111:
7107:
7101:
7098:
7094:
7091:
7089:
7086:
7084:
7081:
7080:
7079:
7076:
7074:
7071:
7069:
7066:
7064:
7061:
7059:
7056:
7054:
7051:
7049:
7046:
7044:
7041:
7039:
7036:
7034:
7031:
7029:
7026:
7024:
7021:
7019:
7016:
7014:
7011:
7009:
7006:
7004:
7001:
6999:
6996:
6994:
6993:Enlightenment
6991:
6989:
6986:
6984:
6983:Dhamma theory
6981:
6979:
6978:Buddha-nature
6976:
6974:
6971:
6969:
6966:
6964:
6961:
6960:
6958:
6956:
6952:
6946:
6943:
6941:
6938:
6936:
6933:
6931:
6928:
6926:
6923:
6921:
6918:
6916:
6913:
6911:
6908:
6906:
6903:
6901:
6898:
6896:
6893:
6891:
6888:
6886:
6883:
6881:
6878:
6876:
6873:
6871:
6868:
6866:
6863:
6861:
6858:
6856:
6853:
6852:
6850:
6848:
6844:
6838:
6835:
6833:
6830:
6828:
6825:
6823:
6820:
6818:
6817:Samantabhadra
6815:
6813:
6810:
6808:
6805:
6803:
6800:
6798:
6795:
6791:
6788:
6787:
6786:
6783:
6782:
6780:
6778:
6774:
6768:
6765:
6763:
6760:
6756:
6750:
6748:
6742:
6740:
6734:
6732:
6726:
6724:
6718:
6716:
6710:
6708:
6702:
6701:
6700:
6697:
6695:
6692:
6690:
6687:
6685:
6682:
6680:
6677:
6675:
6672:
6670:
6667:
6665:
6662:
6660:
6657:
6655:
6652:
6650:
6647:
6645:
6642:
6640:
6637:
6636:
6634:
6632:
6628:
6622:
6619:
6617:
6614:
6612:
6609:
6605:
6602:
6600:
6597:
6595:
6592:
6591:
6590:
6587:
6585:
6582:
6581:
6579:
6577:
6573:
6567:
6564:
6562:
6559:
6557:
6549:
6548:
6545:
6540:
6535:
6530:
6522:
6517:
6515:
6510:
6508:
6503:
6502:
6499:
6493:
6490:
6489:
6479:
6475:
6471:
6465:
6461:
6457:
6456:South Holland
6453:
6449:
6444:
6440:
6434:
6430:
6429:
6423:
6419:
6414:
6410:
6404:
6400:
6399:
6394:
6390:
6386:
6385:
6380:
6376:
6375:
6360:
6346:
6342:
6339:(July 2011).
6338:
6332:
6326:
6322:
6319:
6314:
6308:
6293:
6289:
6285:
6279:
6271:
6267:
6263:
6257:
6249:
6243:
6239:
6232:
6226:
6222:
6219:
6214:
6207:
6203:
6198:
6191:
6187:
6182:
6175:
6171:
6166:
6159:
6155:
6150:
6143:
6139:
6134:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6104:
6097:
6090:
6083:
6079:
6074:
6068:
6064:
6061:
6055:
6047:
6045:0-86013-072-X
6041:
6037:
6033:
6029:
6028:Horner, I. B.
6023:
6021:
6019:
6017:
6015:
6006:
6002:
5998:
5992:
5990:
5988:
5986:
5979:, pp. 294–305
5978:
5974:
5969:
5955:on 2014-08-08
5954:
5950:
5944:
5936:
5932:
5931:
5926:
5920:
5913:
5907:
5898:
5890:
5884:
5880:
5879:
5871:
5863:
5862:
5855:
5846:
5839:
5838:0-86013-072-X
5835:
5829:
5820:
5805:
5801:
5797:
5791:
5784:
5779:
5777:
5769:
5763:
5755:
5749:
5746:. p. 2.
5745:
5741:
5734:
5726:
5724:0-7679-0369-2
5720:
5717:. p. 3.
5716:
5712:
5708:
5702:
5696:
5692:
5688:
5684:
5680:
5674:
5667:
5661:
5652:
5644:
5640:
5635:
5630:
5626:
5622:
5618:
5611:
5604:
5598:
5596:
5587:
5581:
5573:
5569:
5565:
5563:0-231-07260-0
5559:
5555:
5551:
5544:
5536:
5530:
5526:
5522:
5515:
5507:
5501:
5497:
5493:
5486:
5480:
5476:
5472:
5468:
5464:
5460:
5455:
5449:
5445:
5441:
5435:
5428:
5422:
5415:
5409:
5400:
5398:
5396:
5388:
5382:
5375:
5369:
5367:
5365:
5357:
5351:
5344:
5338:
5331:
5325:
5318:
5315:Yao, Zhihua.
5312:
5310:
5302:
5296:
5289:
5283:
5276:
5270:
5255:
5251:
5247:
5241:
5226:
5222:
5218:
5212:
5197:
5193:
5189:
5183:
5168:
5164:
5160:
5153:
5146:
5140:
5133:
5127:
5125:
5116:
5110:
5106:
5102:
5096:
5088:
5082:
5078:
5071:
5069:
5061:
5055:
5048:
5042:
5027:
5023:
5019:
5012:
5004:
5000:
4996:
4990:
4986:
4979:
4972:
4969:
4965:
4964:Thomas Cleary
4961:
4957:
4954:
4950:
4941:
4926:
4922:
4918:
4912:
4897:
4893:
4887:
4883:
4882:
4874:
4860:on 2014-09-12
4856:
4849:
4843:
4828:
4824:
4818:
4814:
4813:
4805:
4797:
4793:
4787:
4779:
4775:
4771:
4765:
4761:
4754:
4739:
4735:
4729:
4725:
4724:
4716:
4698:
4694:
4688:
4684:
4683:
4675:
4660:
4656:
4650:
4646:
4645:
4637:
4630:
4624:
4616:
4610:
4606:
4602:
4597:
4589:
4581:
4575:
4571:
4570:
4565:
4559:
4552:
4548:
4543:
4536:
4532:
4528:
4522:
4515:
4509:
4502:
4498:
4492:
4490:
4482:
4476:
4469:
4464:
4457:
4451:
4443:
4437:
4433:
4432:
4424:
4415:
4409:
4405:
4404:
4396:
4381:
4377:
4371:
4367:
4366:
4358:
4350:
4348:0-19-289223-1
4344:
4340:
4336:
4335:
4327:
4319:
4317:0-19-289223-1
4313:
4309:
4305:
4304:
4296:
4294:
4286:
4282:
4279:
4273:
4267:, p. 71.
4266:
4261:
4257:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4224:
4222:
4219:
4217:
4214:
4212:
4209:
4207:
4204:
4203:
4197:
4195:
4191:
4187:
4183:
4179:
4175:
4171:
4170:
4165:
4161:
4154:Hand-gestures
4148:
4145:
4142:
4139:
4138:endless knots
4135:
4131:
4127:
4124:
4121:
4117:
4116:
4111:
4108:
4106:
4101:
4100:
4099:
4097:
4092:
4090:
4086:
4077:
4068:
4066:
4061:
4059:
4055:
4054:Samantabhadra
4051:
4047:
4043:
4038:
4036:
4028:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4016:
4013:
4011:
4007:
4006:
4005:
4000:
3995:
3989:
3985:
3984:Pindaya caves
3981:
3976:
3971:
3970:Buddha in art
3961:
3959:
3955:
3954:Padmasambhava
3951:
3947:
3943:
3942:Samantabhadra
3939:
3935:
3930:
3926:
3924:
3920:
3916:
3912:
3908:
3904:
3900:
3896:
3892:
3888:
3884:
3880:
3876:
3872:
3868:
3864:
3860:
3856:
3852:
3848:
3843:
3841:
3832:
3824:
3821:
3819:
3816:
3813:
3810:
3807:
3803:
3798:
3794:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3786:
3782:
3781:
3778:
3775:
3772:
3769:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3749:
3748:Ratnasaṃbhava
3745:
3744:
3741:
3738:
3735:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3718:
3715:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3707:
3704:
3701:
3699:
3696:
3693:
3690:
3687:
3685:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3673:
3669:
3668:
3665:
3662:
3659:
3656:
3653:
3651:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3640:
3639:Samantabhadra
3637:
3635:
3634:
3630:
3629:
3625:
3621:
3618:
3616:
3613:
3610:
3608:
3607:Seed syllable
3605:
3603:
3600:
3597:
3595:Buddha (Skt)
3594:
3593:
3590:
3587:
3584:
3580:
3570:
3568:
3567:
3561:
3559:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3543:
3535:
3531:
3527:
3523:
3519:
3516:
3514:
3513:
3508:
3507:Lokeśvararāja
3505:
3502:
3498:
3496:
3491:
3490:Samantabhadra
3488:
3486:
3485:
3480:
3479:Prabhūtaratna
3477:
3474:
3470:
3466:
3462:
3458:
3454:
3453:
3448:
3447:
3442:
3439:
3436:
3435:Ratnasambhava
3433:
3430:
3429:Bhaiṣajyaguru
3427:
3424:
3421:
3419:("Blissful").
3418:
3414:
3410:
3407:
3404:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3381:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3367:
3363:
3359:
3355:
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3321:
3318:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3304:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
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3289:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3276:
3272:
3269:
3267:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3253:
3252:
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3241:
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3235:
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3230:
3227:
3224:
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3212:
3209:
3206:
3203:
3201:
3198:
3195:
3194:
3190:
3187:
3183:
3180:
3177:
3175:Krakucchanda
3174:
3172:
3169:
3166:
3165:
3161:
3158:
3154:
3151:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3137:
3136:
3132:
3129:
3125:
3122:
3119:
3116:
3114:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3103:
3100:
3096:
3093:
3090:
3087:
3085:
3082:
3079:
3078:
3074:
3071:
3068:
3065:
3062:
3060:
3057:
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3049:
3046:
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3040:
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3035:
3032:
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3021:
3018:
3015:
3012:
3010:
3009:
3005:
3002:
2999:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2988:
2985:
2983:Dharmadarśin
2982:
2980:
2977:
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2973:
2969:
2966:
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2960:
2957:
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2844:
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2834:
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2823:
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2815:
2812:
2809:
2806:
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2801:
2798:
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2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2769:
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2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2747:
2744:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:Sudhaññavatī
2724:
2721:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2712:
2709:
2705:
2702:
2698:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2684:
2681:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2670:
2666:
2663:
2660:
2657:
2655:
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2649:
2648:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2630:
2627:
2624:
2623:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2605:
2602:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2581:
2578:
2575:
2574:
2571:
2568:
2565:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2547:
2545:Rukkaththana
2544:
2541:
2538:
2535:
2533:
2530:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2519:
2516:
2513:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2502:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2461:
2460:enlightenment
2457:
2456:
2455:ariya-puggala
2451:
2447:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2422:
2418:
2417:
2412:
2411:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2394:
2390:
2389:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2372:
2368:
2364:
2360:
2356:
2352:
2345:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2329:
2325:
2312:
2308:
2301:
2298:
2292:
2290:
2289:Maurya Empire
2286:
2282:
2281:Brahmi script
2278:
2274:
2270:
2266:
2262:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2247:
2243:
2240:According to
2238:
2236:
2232:
2231:Emperor Asoka
2228:
2227:Brahmi script
2224:
2223:Ashoka pillar
2220:
2217:, in today's
2216:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2192:
2187:
2180:
2176:
2172:
2168:
2163:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2132:
2127:
2125:
2119:
2117:
2113:
2109:
2101:
2098:
2095:
2092:
2089:
2086:
2083:
2080:
2077:
2073:
2069:
2066:
2063:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2044:
2042:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2028:
2024:
2020:
2007:
2003:
1999:
1995:
1991:
1987:
1983:
1979:
1975:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1931:
1927:
1926:Buddhist monk
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1894:
1892:
1888:
1887:
1880:
1878:
1874:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1859:
1855:
1854:Buddha-nature
1851:
1846:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1822:and almighty
1821:
1817:
1807:
1798:
1795:
1791:
1786:
1781:
1779:
1775:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1756:
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1749:
1745:
1744:
1736:
1734:
1733:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1714:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1703:Lokottaravāda
1700:
1696:
1691:
1683:
1678:
1664:
1662:
1658:
1653:
1651:
1645:
1642:
1637:
1635:
1629:
1627:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1612:
1608:
1604:
1596:
1591:
1577:
1575:
1567:
1561:
1557:
1554:
1551:
1547:
1544:
1540:
1536:
1533:
1529:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1515:
1512:
1509:
1506:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1479:
1470:
1468:
1464:
1456:
1452:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1438:
1435:
1433:
1427:
1424:
1420:
1417:
1413:
1410:
1408:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1365:
1354:
1352:
1348:
1344:
1343:
1338:
1334:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1317:
1309:
1304:
1292:
1288:
1284:
1280:
1276:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1251:
1247:
1244:
1237:
1234:
1233:clairaudience
1230:
1226:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1214:Higher powers
1211:
1210:
1209:
1206:
1204:
1200:
1196:
1192:
1188:
1178:
1174:
1172:
1167:
1165:
1161:
1157:
1153:
1149:
1145:
1144:three poisons
1137:
1133:
1128:
1119:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1094:
1092:
1091:Buddha-nature
1087:
1085:
1081:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1038:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1007:
1003:
1000:
995:
993:
989:
985:
980:
978:
977:
964:
959:
957:
952:
950:
945:
944:
942:
941:
936:
931:
926:
925:
924:
923:
916:
913:
911:
908:
906:
903:
901:
898:
896:
893:
891:
888:
886:
883:
881:
878:
876:
873:
871:
868:
866:
863:
861:
858:
856:
853:
851:
848:
846:
843:
841:
838:
836:
833:
831:
828:
826:
823:
821:
818:
816:
813:
812:
809:
804:
803:
796:
793:
791:
788:
786:
783:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
752:
749:
744:
743:
736:
733:
731:
728:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
707:
704:
699:
698:
691:
690:Vegetarianism
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
645:Recollections
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
615:Five precepts
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
602:
599:
594:
593:
586:
583:
581:
580:Chinese canon
578:
576:
575:Tibetan canon
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
561:
558:
556:
553:
551:
548:
546:
543:
542:
539:
534:
533:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
464:
461:
460:
459:
456:
454:
451:
450:
444:
441:
439:
436:
435:
431:
430:
423:
420:
418:
415:
413:
410:
408:
405:
403:
400:
398:
395:
393:
390:
388:
385:
384:
381:
376:
375:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
356:
355:
354:
350:
346:
345:
342:
339:
338:
334:
330:
329:
321:
319:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:
293:
288:
286:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
256:
255:
246:
232:
229:, buddhatva;
224:
220:
216:
213:
209:
205:
201:
197:
196:enlightenment
194:, awakening,
193:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
167:
125:
121:
112:
108:
104:
102:
85:
81:
77:
72:
66:
55:
51:
46:
40:
33:
19:
9099:Bodhisattvas
9019:Christianity
9014:Baháʼí Faith
8879:Dharmachakra
8869:Prayer wheel
8859:Prayer beads
8627:Architecture
8506:969 Movement
8290:Saudi Arabia
8268:Central Asia
8261:South Africa
8083:
8066:
7999:Panchen Lama
7904:Buddhapālita
7686:
7500:Satipatthana
7495:Mindful Yoga
7408:Recollection
7322:Brahmavihara
7193:Japanese Zen
7188:Chinese Chan
7148:Animal realm
6955:Key concepts
6777:Bodhisattvas
6589:Three Jewels
6447:
6427:
6417:
6397:
6383:
6359:
6348:. Retrieved
6344:
6331:
6312:
6307:
6296:. Retrieved
6287:
6278:
6269:
6256:
6237:
6231:
6213:
6205:
6197:
6189:
6181:
6173:
6165:
6157:
6149:
6141:
6133:
6122:. Retrieved
6102:
6089:
6081:
6073:
6054:
6031:
6004:
5976:
5968:
5957:. Retrieved
5953:the original
5943:
5929:
5919:
5906:
5897:
5877:
5870:
5860:
5854:
5845:
5828:
5819:
5808:. Retrieved
5799:
5790:
5762:
5739:
5733:
5710:
5701:
5678:
5673:
5665:
5660:
5651:
5624:
5620:
5610:
5602:
5585:
5580:
5553:
5543:
5524:
5514:
5495:
5485:
5470:
5466:
5454:
5439:
5434:
5426:
5421:
5413:
5408:
5386:
5385:Guang Xing.
5381:
5373:
5372:Guang Xing.
5355:
5350:
5342:
5341:Guang Xing.
5337:
5329:
5324:
5316:
5303:2008. p. 56.
5300:
5295:
5290:2008. p. 48.
5287:
5282:
5277:1996. p. 198
5274:
5269:
5258:. Retrieved
5249:
5240:
5229:. Retrieved
5220:
5211:
5200:. Retrieved
5191:
5182:
5171:. Retrieved
5162:
5152:
5144:
5139:
5131:
5104:
5095:
5076:
5059:
5054:
5046:
5041:
5030:. Retrieved
5021:
5011:
4984:
4978:
4970:
4968:J. C. Cleary
4949:
4940:
4929:. Retrieved
4920:
4911:
4900:. Retrieved
4880:
4873:
4862:. Retrieved
4855:the original
4842:
4831:. Retrieved
4811:
4804:
4759:
4753:
4742:. Retrieved
4722:
4715:
4704:. Retrieved
4681:
4674:
4663:. Retrieved
4643:
4636:
4628:
4623:
4600:
4588:
4568:
4558:
4550:
4547:A. K. Warder
4542:
4526:
4521:
4513:
4508:
4480:
4475:
4467:
4463:
4455:
4450:
4430:
4423:
4402:
4395:
4384:. Retrieved
4364:
4357:
4333:
4326:
4302:
4272:
4265:Buswell 2004
4260:
4193:
4189:
4173:
4167:
4157:
4120:circular dot
4114:
4103:
4093:
4082:
4062:
4039:
4032:
4003:
3931:
3927:
3902:
3879:Cakrasamvara
3871:khrag 'thung
3870:
3858:
3857:, Sanskrit:
3854:
3844:
3837:
3818:Double vajra
3785:Amoghasiddhi
3783:
3777:pride, greed
3767:Gold/Yellow
3746:
3709:
3670:
3631:
3602:Buddha-field
3588:
3576:
3573:In Vajrayana
3564:
3562:
3553:
3549:
3539:
3529:
3510:
3493:
3482:
3472:
3450:
3444:
3423:Amoghasiddhi
3395:
3386:
3369:
3354:buddhakṣetra
3353:
3348:
3336:
3317:Mesua ferrea
3266:Kapilavatthu
3006:
2958:Arthadarśin
2933:Priyadarśin
2761:Mesua ferrea
2733:Mesua ferrea
2701:Mesua ferrea
2693:Sudassana -
2669:Mesua ferrea
2642:Salakalyana
2584:Śaraṇaṃkara
2517:
2492:
2488:
2470:
2464:
2453:
2441:
2431:
2424:
2421:Sutta Piṭaka
2420:
2416:Sutta Piṭaka
2414:
2408:
2392:
2386:
2348:
2294:
2258:
2252:in southern
2246:Nigali Sagar
2239:
2235:Nigali Sagar
2215:Nigali Sagar
2204:
2195:Sa-kya-mu-nī
2179:Nigali Sagar
2166:
2155:
2151:
2147:
2143:
2135:
2129:
2122:
2120:
2112:Digha Nikaya
2107:
2105:
2075:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2040:
2034:
2026:
2016:
1982:Sikhī Buddha
1957:
1942:
1934:
1900:
1886:buddhakṣetra
1884:
1881:
1866:
1862:
1847:
1845:) for eons.
1842:
1838:
1831:
1827:
1813:
1793:
1784:
1782:
1774:Madhyamāgama
1765:
1763:
1758:
1754:
1752:
1741:
1738:
1730:
1726:
1718:
1716:
1710:
1694:
1690:Mahāsāṃghika
1687:
1682:Ajanta caves
1656:
1654:
1649:
1646:
1638:
1630:
1615:
1600:
1571:
1560:first sermon
1493:
1491:
1487:buddhacarita
1486:
1484:
1466:
1462:
1460:
1454:
1440:
1429:
1422:
1415:
1404:
1393:
1384:
1371:
1360:
1347:buddha field
1340:
1335:
1328:
1319:
1313:
1291:cittavimukti
1290:
1286:
1282:
1267:
1256:
1248:), that is,
1240:cetopariyañā
1239:
1231:), that is,
1228:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1202:
1194:
1184:
1175:
1168:
1141:
1113:
1095:
1088:
1083:
1077:
1069:
1055:
1048:
1034:
1030:sāvakabuddha
1005:
996:
981:
974:
972:
734:
640:Merit making
605:Three Jewels
545:Buddhavacana
475:Impermanence
463:Dharma wheel
295:
289:
263:
253:
252:
218:
214:
123:
117:
98:
8944:Dharma talk
8773:Asalha Puja
8569:Eschatology
8372:Switzerland
8352:New Zealand
8280:Middle East
8189:Philippines
8109:Afghanistan
7914:Bodhidharma
7899:Buddhaghosa
7819:Householder
7729:Monasticism
7682:Bodhisattva
7537:Prostration
7490:Mindfulness
7418:Anapanasati
7401:Kammaṭṭhāna
7198:Korean Seon
7138:Asura realm
7133:Human realm
7073:Ten Fetters
7028:Parinirvana
6930:Uppalavanna
6895:Mahākaccana
6880:Mahākassapa
6812:Kṣitigarbha
6807:Ākāśagarbha
6704:Suddhodāna
6649:Four sights
6576:Foundations
6176:, pp. 136–7
6174:Padumuttara
6144:, pp. 754–5
5389:2004. p. 66
5376:2004. p. 65
5345:2004. p. 53
5319:2005. p. 11
4962:, also see
4149:Golden skin
3915:Vajravārāhī
3911:Vajrayogini
3891:Vajrakilaya
3800: [
3552:(Sanskrit:
3484:Lotus Sutra
3204:Kanakamuni
3191:King Khema
3126:Puṇḍarīka (
3104:King Atula
3091:Bandhumatī
3013:Siddhārtha
2979:Dhammadassī
2858:Padmottara
2854:Padumuttara
2832:Dhaññavatī
2580:Saraṇaṅkara
2560:Medhaṃkara
2536:Tṛṣṇaṃkara
2518:Bodhirukkha
2511:Birthplace
2450:bodhisattva
2399:and the 27
2393:Buddhavamsa
2388:Buddhavamsa
2344:Buddhavamsa
2332:Sule Pagoda
2330:men at the
2199:Pali script
2189:The words "
2175:Pali Script
2169:" ("Of the
2152:bhadrakalpa
2148:bhadrakalpa
2124:Buddhavamsa
2041:bhaddakappa
1968:, with his
1871:(including
1833:Lotus Sutra
1743:nirmāṇakāya
1351:Lotus Sutra
1287:cetovimutti
1283:āsavakkhaya
1268:dibbacakkhu
1066:nirmanakaya
1062:docetically
1045:omnipotence
1041:omniscience
992:bodhisattva
875:New Zealand
730:Bodhisattva
715:Four Stages
670:Monasticism
650:Mindfulness
620:Perfections
550:Early Texts
292:bodhisattva
282:bodhisattva
240:buddhabhāva
9174:Categories
9061:Psychology
9041:Gnosticism
9029:Comparison
9024:Influences
9006:Comparison
8889:Bhavacakra
8847:Kushinagar
8822:Pilgrimage
8768:Māgha Pūjā
8723:Bodhi Tree
8539:Buddhology
8529:Abhidharma
8521:Philosophy
8454:Menander I
8322:Costa Rica
8273:Uzbekistan
8114:Bangladesh
8068:Dhammapada
8052:Pali Canon
8014:Ajahn Chah
7994:Dalai Lama
7894:Kumārajīva
7889:Vasubandhu
7864:The Buddha
7772:Zen master
7707:Sakadagami
7687:Buddhahood
7618:Pratimokṣa
7433:Shikantaza
7389:Meditation
7364:Deity yoga
7235:Madhyamaka
7128:Deva realm
7023:Mindstream
6973:Bodhicitta
6885:Aṅgulimāla
6752:Devadatta
6728:Yaśodharā
6631:The Buddha
6621:Middle Way
6350:2016-07-20
6337:Watt, Jeff
6298:2020-09-13
6124:2020-09-13
6082:Bodhirukka
6034:. London:
5959:2012-09-06
5925:Morris, R.
5810:2020-09-13
5332:1990. p. 8
5260:2022-10-05
5231:2022-10-05
5202:2022-10-05
5173:2023-06-25
5032:2023-06-25
4931:2021-07-02
4902:2020-10-27
4864:2019-05-22
4833:2017-09-12
4744:2019-05-12
4706:2019-05-22
4665:2019-05-22
4386:2016-05-29
4247:References
4174:Chi Ken-in
4042:Moggallana
3958:Tsongkhapa
3946:Dharmakaya
3938:Vajradhara
3934:Adi-Buddha
3501:Akṣayamati
3459:Buddhism,
3358:pure lands
3305:Ketumatī (
3279:Assattha (
3271:Suddhodana
3242:Nigrodha (
3213:Udumbara (
3207:Sobhavatī
3200:Koṇāgamana
3178:Khemāvatī
3171:Kakusandha
3120:Aruṇavatī
3004:Siddhattha
2992:Bimbajala
2954:Atthadassi
2911:Sumaṅgala
2886:Sudassana
2861:Haṁsavatī
2782:Candavatī
2775:Anomadassi
2636:Rammavatī
2633:Kauṇḍinya
2611:Rammavatī
2608:Dīpaṃkara
2556:Medhaṅkara
2539:Puppavadī
2532:Taṇhaṅkara
2505:Pāli name
2494:Jambudvipa
2426:Pāli Canon
2313:of Ashoka.
2275:in modern
2088:Koṇāgamana
2082:Kakusandha
1970:Bodhi Tree
1923:Vietnamese
1915:scientific
1820:omnipotent
1816:omniscient
1748:Dharmakāya
1705:, and the
1593:A classic
1543:bodhimanda
1539:bodhi tree
1532:asceticism
1261:past lives
1171:omniscient
1098:Pāli Canon
1074:Dharmakaya
748:Traditions
685:Pilgrimage
625:Meditation
585:Post-canon
565:Pāli Canon
495:Middle Way
392:The Buddha
324:Definition
280:; and the
219:Buddhahood
210:𑀥𑀭𑁆𑀫;
101:Indic text
80:Vajradhara
61: 1st
50:Shakyamuni
32:The Buddha
9129:Festivals
9109:Buddhists
9071:Theosophy
8874:Symbolism
8864:Hama yumi
8837:Bodh Gaya
8604:Socialism
8579:Evolution
8554:Economics
8392:Venezuela
8307:Australia
8302:Argentina
8226:Sri Lanka
8221:Singapore
8139:Indonesia
8101:Countries
8042:Tripiṭaka
8004:Ajahn Mun
7879:Nagarjuna
7874:Aśvaghoṣa
7757:Anagārika
7752:Śrāmaṇerī
7747:Śrāmaṇera
7742:Bhikkhunī
7702:Sotāpanna
7591:Passaddhi
7532:Offerings
7507:Nekkhamma
7384:Iddhipada
7304:Practices
7274:Theravada
7247:Vajrayana
7240:Yogachara
7210:Pure Land
7123:Six Paths
7110:Cosmology
6890:Anuruddha
6865:Sāriputta
6855:Kaundinya
6847:Disciples
6822:Vajrapāṇi
6674:Footprint
6639:Tathāgata
6492:BuddhaNet
6478:909251257
6190:Piyadassi
6111:0525-1516
5643:254354100
5003:527853452
4973:, p. 553.
4786:cite book
4778:527853452
4596:"Abhijñā"
4483:. p. 122.
4252:Citations
4134:swastikas
4098:include:
4050:Manjushri
4046:Sariputta
3950:Nagarjuna
3923:Kurukullā
3919:Nairatmya
3903:khandroma
3875:Yamantaka
3791:Viśvapāni
3754:Ratnapani
3723:Sukhavati
3678:Vajrapani
3672:Akshobhya
3633:Vairocana
3579:Vajrayana
3469:Akaniṣṭha
3441:Vairocana
3417:Sukhāvatī
3392:Akshobhya
3236:Bārāṇasī
3146:Viśvabhū
3088:Vipaśyin
3075:Vijitavi
3022:Kanihani
2936:Sudhañña
2929:Piyadassi
2753:Sudhamma
2617:Pipphala
2604:Dīpaṃkara
2485:Vajrayana
2477:Theravada
2383:Buddhists
2363:Sri Lanka
2355:Theravāda
2307:Rummindei
2300:produce).
2269:Rummindei
2181:, 250 BCE
2078:as Sikhī)
1873:pantheism
1719:lokottara
1707:Kukkuṭika
1603:Theravada
1595:Sukhothai
1375:tathāgata
1320:abhiññās,
1250:telepathy
1229:dibbasota
1164:suffering
1156:ignorance
1110:Vairocana
999:Theravada
895:Sri Lanka
885:Singapore
840:Indonesia
780:Vajrayāna
755:Theravāda
710:Awakening
598:Practices
555:Tripiṭaka
525:Cosmology
500:Emptiness
480:Suffering
314:arhatship
310:Theravada
302:Vajrayana
235:buddhatta
9147:Category
9076:Violence
9046:Hinduism
8994:Sanskrit
8949:Hinayana
8934:Amitābha
8894:Swastika
8763:Uposatha
8753:Holidays
8738:Calendar
8584:Humanism
8422:Kanishka
8412:Timeline
8236:Thailand
8204:Kalmykia
8199:Buryatia
8184:Pakistan
8169:Mongolia
8164:Maldives
8159:Malaysia
8124:Cambodia
7989:Shamarpa
7984:Nichiren
7934:Xuanzang
7869:Nagasena
7787:Rinpoche
7517:Pāramitā
7359:Devotion
7279:Navayana
7267:Dzogchen
7230:Nichiren
7178:Mahayana
7170:Branches
7048:Saṅkhāra
6797:Mañjuśrī
6754:(cousin)
6746:(cousin)
6714:(mother)
6706:(father)
6694:Miracles
6644:Birthday
6561:Glossary
6534:Buddhism
6395:(2007).
6381:(1875).
6379:Beal, S.
6321:Archived
6292:Archived
6264:(1880).
6221:Archived
6208:, p. 257
6192:, p. 207
6160:, p. 131
6115:Archived
6084:, p. 319
6063:Archived
5804:Archived
5709:(1999).
5572:21035153
5465:(2009),
5254:Archived
5225:Archived
5196:Archived
5167:Archived
5103:(1996).
5026:Archived
4956:Archived
4925:Archived
4896:Archived
4827:Archived
4738:Archived
4697:Archived
4659:Archived
4566:(1992).
4380:Archived
4281:Archived
4200:See also
3887:Mahākāla
3711:Amitābha
3684:Abhirati
3664:delusion
3622:Poison (
3534:Maitreya
3449:and the
3409:Amitābha
3403:Abhirati
3350:Mahāyāna
3343:Amitābha
3307:Bārāṇasi
3300:Maitreya
3295:Metteyya
3233:Kāśyapa
3184:Sirīsa (
3142:Vessabhū
3097:Pāṭalī (
3072:Amalaka
3041:Khemaka
3016:Vebhāra
2970:Susino,
2961:Sobhana
2942:Kakudha
2883:Sumedha
2807:Campaka
2750:Śobhita
2722:Raivata
2690:Mekhala
2687:Sumanas
2658:Maṃgala
2629:Koṇḍañña
2563:Yaghara
2481:Mahayana
2405:Metteyya
2379:Thailand
2367:Cambodia
2328:Buddhist
2303:—
2242:Xuanzang
2140:Metteyya
2116:Maitreya
2068:Vessabhū
1911:rational
1850:immanent
1824:divinity
1778:Bhagavan
1727:prabhāva
1607:theistic
1455:bhagavat
1423:lokavidu
1316:miracles
1308:Gandhara
1193:" (Skt.
1152:aversion
1106:Amitābha
1012:and the
1002:Buddhism
905:Thailand
865:Mongolia
860:Malaysia
825:Cambodia
790:Navayana
770:Hinayana
765:Mahāyāna
675:Lay life
505:Morality
485:Not-self
443:Concepts
402:Councils
387:Timeline
359:Glossary
341:Buddhism
333:a series
331:Part of
318:Hinayana
306:Mahayana
304:and the
285:Maitreya
278:Amitabha
276:such as
270:vimoksha
223:Sanskrit
208:Sanskrit
176:Sanskrit
120:Buddhism
65:Gandhara
9180:Buddhas
9124:Temples
9104:Buddhas
9066:Science
9056:Judaism
9051:Jainism
8969:Lineage
8929:Abhijñā
8899:Thangka
8842:Sarnath
8827:Lumbini
8748:Funeral
8743:Cuisine
8619:Culture
8594:Reality
8544:Creator
8534:Atomism
8404:History
8377:Ukraine
8337:Germany
8256:Senegal
8246:Vietnam
8174:Myanmar
7974:Shinran
7964:Karmapa
7939:Shandao
7909:Dignāga
7834:Śrāvaka
7814:Donchee
7809:Kappiya
7767:Sayadaw
7737:Bhikkhu
7712:Anāgāmi
7669:Nirvana
7635:Samadhi
7522:Paritta
7463:Tonglen
7458:Mandala
7413:Smarana
7394:Mantras
7342:Upekkha
7312:Bhavana
7262:Shingon
7215:Tiantai
7068:Tathātā
7058:Śūnyatā
7053:Skandha
7043:Saṃsāra
7038:Rebirth
7013:Kleshas
7003:Indriya
6905:Subhūti
6790:Guanyin
6744:Ānanda
6736:Rāhula
6616:Nirvana
6556:Outline
6371:Sources
4308:224–234
4140:, etc.)
4085:lakṣaṇa
3988:Myanmar
3907:dakinis
3895:Dakinis
3883:Hevajra
3863:Herukas
3845:In the
3797:Prakuta
3760:Shrimat
3740:craving
3615:Element
3465:Shingon
3302:(next)
3229:Kassapa
3117:Śikhin
3084:Vipassī
3066:Kāsika
3047:Assana
3025:Mangal
2986:Saraṇa
2967:Champa
2908:Sujāta
2879:Sumedha
2867:Salala
2838:Sonaka
2829:Nārada
2816:A lion
2813:Salala
2788:Ajjuna
2746:Sobhita
2654:Maṅgala
2593:Pulila
2587:Vipula
2446:Brahmin
2434:Buddhas
2401:Buddhas
2375:Myanmar
2353:of the
2340:Myanmar
2279:). The
2273:Lumbini
2261:Shakyas
2193:" and "
2100:Gautama
2094:Kassapa
2048:Vipassī
2023:Nikayas
1928:in the
1843:nirmana
1768:of the
1732:samādhi
1634:nirvana
1622:abhijna
1564:Dharma.
1541:) on a
1525:sramana
1502:Tushita
1289:, Skt.
1203:abhiññā
1195:abhijñā
1160:saṃsāra
1148:craving
1058:trikaya
1026:Nirvana
988:ascetic
915:Vietnam
870:Myanmar
785:Tibetan
775:Chinese
703:Nirvāṇa
520:Saṃsāra
515:Rebirth
380:History
369:Outline
245:Chinese
200:vimutti
192:nirvana
48:Buddha
9119:Sutras
9114:Suttas
8979:Siddhi
8964:Koliya
8939:Brahmā
8854:Poetry
8800:Mantra
8790:Kasaya
8662:Pagoda
8642:Kyaung
8637:Vihāra
8632:Temple
8574:Ethics
8417:Ashoka
8367:Sweden
8362:Poland
8357:Norway
8347:Mexico
8332:France
8317:Canada
8312:Brazil
8251:Africa
8231:Taiwan
8194:Russia
8119:Bhutan
8079:Vinaya
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7884:Asanga
7640:Prajñā
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