Moksha - Knowledge

4721:, begins with questions such as why is man born? what is the primal cause behind the universe? what causes joy and sorrow in life? It then examines the various theories, that were then existing, about saṃsāra and release from bondage. Svetasvatara claims that bondage results from ignorance, illusion or delusion; deliverance comes from knowledge. The Supreme Being dwells in every being, he is the primal cause, he is the eternal law, he is the essence of everything, he is nature, he is not a separate entity. Liberation comes to those who know Supreme Being is present as the Universal Spirit and Principle, just as they know butter is present in milk. Such realization, claims Svetasvatara, come from self-knowledge and self-discipline; and this knowledge and realization is liberation from transmigration, the final goal of the Upanishad. 5331: 13470: 5319: 5195:. These discussions show the differences between the schools of Hinduism, a lack of consensus, with a few attempting to conflate the contrasting perspectives between various schools. For example, freedom and deliverance from birth-rebirth, argues Maitrayana Upanishad, comes neither from the Vedanta school's doctrine (the knowledge of one's own Self as the Supreme Soul) nor from the Samkhya school's doctrine (distinction of the Purusha from what one is not), but from Vedic studies, observance of the 5343: 4730: 8235:* Spiro: "The Buddhist message then, as I have said, is not simply a psychological message, i.e. that desire is the cause of suffering because unsatisfied desire produces frustration. It does contain such a message to be sure; but more importantly it is an eschatological message. Desire is the cause of suffering because desire is the cause of rebirth; and the extinction of desire leads to deliverance from suffering because it signals release from the Wheel of Rebirth." 5801: 6529: 8241:) or nirvana, represented the ultimate aim of Buddhist practice in the Abhidharma traditions: the state free from the conditions that created samsara. Nirvana was the ultimate and final state attained when the supramundane yogic path had been completed. It represented salvation from samsara precisely because it was understood to comprise a state of complete freedom from the chain of samsaric causes and conditions, i.e., precisely because it was unconditioned ( 4365: 14776: 11349: 7966: 7068: 14786: 14765: 11656: 4906: 6382: 13216: 14796: 5247:, they are systems of salvific liberation and release. Sāmkhya is a system of interpretation, primarily a theory about the world. Yoga is both a theory and a practice. Yoga gained wide acceptance in ancient India, its ideas and practices became part of many religious schools in Hinduism, including those that were very different from Sāmkhya. The eight limbs of yoga can be interpreted as a way to liberation ( 3863: 13208: 7303: 8114: 11498: 11461: 545: 8247:* Walpola Rahula: "Let us consider a few definitions and descriptions of Nirvana as found in the original Pali texts 'It is the complete cessation of that very thirst (tanha), giving it up, renouncing it, emancipation from it, detachment from it.' 'The abandoning and destruction of craving for these Five Aggregates of Attachment: that is the cessation of 10704:"This general scheme remained basic to later Hinduism, to Jainism, and to Buddhism. Eternal salvation, to use the Christian term, is not conceived of as world without end; we have already got that, called samsara, the world of rebirth and redeath: that is the problem, not the solution. The ultimate aim is the timeless state of 4272:(demerit, sin) as human beings affected their afterlife. This question led to the conception of an afterlife where the person stayed in heaven or hell, in proportion to their merit or demerit, then returned to earth and were reborn, the cycle continuing indefinitely. The rebirth idea ultimately flowered into the ideas of 5473:(critical thinking). This is because a guru can help one develop knowledge of maya (the illusionary nature of the world), a critical step on the path to moksha. Shankara cautions that the guru and historic knowledge may be distorted, so traditions and historical assumptions must be questioned by the individual seeking 5012:

created the third historical path, where neither rituals nor meditative self-development were the way, rather it was inspired by constant love and contemplation of God, which over time results in a perfect union with God. Some Bhakti schools evolved their ideas where God became the means and the end,

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is unworldly understanding, a state of bliss. "How can the worldly thought-process lead to unworldly understanding?", asked Nagarjuna. Karl Potter explains the answer to this challenge as one of context and framework, the emergence of broader general principles of understanding from thought processes

10324: 4521:, suggests Shankara, is a final perfect, blissful state where there can be no change, where there can be no plurality of states. It has to be a state of thought and consciousness that excludes action. He questioned: "How can action-oriented techniques by which we attain the first three goals of man ( 4243:

and other terms in various Indian religious traditions. A desire for the release from pain and suffering seems to lie at the root of striving for moksha, and it is commonly believed that moksha is an otherwordly reality, only achievable at the end of life, not during. However there is also a notion

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originated with religious movements in the first millennium BCE. These movements such as Buddhism, Jainism and new schools within Hinduism, saw human life as bondage to a repeated process of rebirth. This bondage to repeated rebirth and life, each life subject to injury, disease and aging, was seen

4328:, implies a setting-free of hitherto fettered faculties, a removing of obstacles to an unrestricted life, permitting a person to be more truly a person in the full sense; the concept presumes an unused human potential of creativity, compassion and understanding which had been blocked and shut out. 10596:

see also Sandilya Upanishad for ahimsa and other virtues; Quote: "तत्र हिंसा नाम मनोवाक्कायकर्मभिः सर्वभूतेषु सर्वदा क्लेशजननम्"; Aiyar translates this as: He practices Ahimsa – no injury or harm to any living being at any time through actions of his body, his speech or in his mind; K.N. Aiyar

6500:. Such descriptions, states Peter Harvey, are contested by scholars because nirvana in Buddhism is ultimately described as a state of "stopped consciousness (blown out), but one that is not non-existent", and "it seems impossible to imagine what awareness devoid of any object would be like". 5041:

are sometimes used synonymously, because they all refer to the state that liberates a person from all causes of sorrow and suffering. However, in modern era literature, these concepts have different premises in different religions. Nirvana, a concept common in Buddhism, is accompanied by the

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differently from the Advaita tradition. To Ramanuja, avidya is a focus on the self, and vidya is a focus on a loving god. The Vishistadvaita school argues that other schools of Hinduism create a false sense of agency in individuals, which makes the individual think oneself as potential or

4609:, so constantly that one comes to feel one cannot live without God's loving presence. This school emphasized love and adoration of God as the path to "moksha" (salvation and release), rather than works and knowledge. Their focus became divine virtues, rather than anthropocentric virtues. 5724:

He doesn't care about or wear ṣikha (tuft of hair on the back of head for religious reasons), nor the holy thread across his body. To him, knowledge is sikha, knowledge is the holy thread, knowledge alone is supreme. Outer appearances and rituals do not matter to him, only knowledge

4375:. The elephant Gajendra enters a lake where a crocodile (Huhu) clutches his leg and becomes his suffering. Despite his pain, Gajendra constantly remembers Vishnu, who then liberates him. Gajendra symbolically represents human beings, Huhu represents sins, and the lake is saṃsāra. 5050:, a concept common in many schools of Hinduism, is acceptance of Self (soul), realization of liberating knowledge, the consciousness of Oneness with Brahman, all existence and understanding the whole universe as the Self. Nirvana starts with the premise that there is no Self, 5698:

from samsara after death). Jivanmukti is a state that transforms the nature, attributes and behaviors of an individual, claim these ancient texts of Hindu philosophy. For example, according to Naradaparivrajaka Upanishad, the liberated individual shows attributes such as:

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means release from the bonds of earthly desires, delusion, suffering, and transmigration. While Buddhism sets forth various kinds and stages of emancipation, or enlightenment, the supreme emancipation is nirvana, a state of perfect quietude, freedom, and deliverance. See

9114:"Atman as the innermost essence or soul of man, and Brahman as the innermost essence and support of the universe. (...) Thus we can see in the Upanishads, a tendency towards a convergence of microcosm and macrocosm, culminating in the equating of atman with Brahman". 8233:* Graham Harvey: "The Third Noble Truth is nirvana. The Buddha tells us that an end to suffering is possible, and it is nirvana. Nirvana is a "blowing out," just as a candle flame is wxtinguished in the wind, from our lives in samsara. It connotes an end to rebirth" 8989:

Roeser, R.W. (2005), An introduction to Hindu Indiaís contemplative psychological perspectives on motivation, self, and development, in M.L. Maehr & S. Karabenick (Eds.), Advances in Motivation and Achievement, Volume 14: Religion and Motivation. Elsevier, pp.

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Yoga Sutra of Patanjali; For secondary peer reviewed source, see: Jeffrey Gold, Plato in the Light of Yoga, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 46, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 17–32; A. Sharma, The Realization of Kaivalya, in Explorations in Australian Literature,

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slough off, one's illusions decay, and truth is lived. Both the worshiped and worshiper gradually lose their illusory sense of separation and only One beyond all names remains. This is salvation to dualist schools of Hinduism. Dvaita Vedanta emphasizes

8017:: ਮੁਕਤੀ) is similar to other Indian religions, and refers to spiritual liberation. It is described in Sikhism as the state that breaks the cycle of rebirths. Mukti is obtained according to Sikhism, states Singha, through "God's grace". According to the 5065:, rather than nirvana, is found in some schools of Hinduism such as the Yoga school. Kaivalya is the realization of aloofness with liberating knowledge of one's self and disentanglement from the muddled mind and cognitive apparatus. For example, 5306:). Detachment means withdrawal from outer world and calming of mind, while practice means the application of effort over time. Such steps are claimed by Yoga school as leading to samādhi, a state of deep awareness, release and bliss called 9094:: "Advaita and nirguni movements, on the other hand, stress an interior mysticism in which the devotee seeks to discover the identity of individual soul (atman) with the universal ground of being (brahman) or to find god within himself".; 5226:

is a continuous event, one assisted by loving devotion to God, that extends from this life to post-mortem. Beyond these six orthodox schools, some heterodox schools of Hindu tradition, such as Carvaka, deny there is a soul or after life

4898:, seem traceable to yogis in Hinduism, with long hair, who chose to live on the fringes of society, given to self-induced states of intoxication and ecstasy, possibly accepted as medicine-men and "sadhus" by ancient Indian society. 4513:, a state of freedom and release one hopes for. Unlike Nagarjuna, Shankara considers the characteristics between the two. The world one lives in requires action as well as thought; our world, he suggests, is impossible without 4150:). Some Indian traditions have emphasized liberation on concrete, ethical action within the world. This liberation is an epistemological transformation that permits one to see the truth and reality behind the fog of ignorance. 5735:

When a Jivanmukta dies he achieves Paramukti and becomes a Paramukta. Jivanmukta experience liberation while alive and also after death i.e., after becoming paramukta, while Videhmukta experiences liberation only after death.

5461:, that is desire of liberation. This takes the form of questions about self, what is true, why do things or events make us happy or cause suffering, and so on. This longing for liberating knowledge is assisted by, claims 6494:, highest happiness, bliss, fearless, freedom, dukkha-less, permanence, non-dependent origination, unfathomable, indescribable. It has also been described as a state of release marked by "emptiness" and realization of 8385:

John Tomer (2002), Human well-being: a new approach based on overall and ordinary functionings, Review of Social Economy, 60(1), pp 23–45; Quote – "The ultimate aim of Hindus is self-liberation or self-realization

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One of three qualities or habits of an individual; sattvam represents spiritual purity; sattvic people, claims Samkhya school, are those who see world's welfare as a spiritual principle. See cited Ingalls

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doctrine of Buddhism, which plays an essential role in Theravada Buddhism. Nirvana has been described in Buddhist texts in a manner similar to other Indian religions, as the state of complete liberation,

8534:, pp 89; Quote – "In different philosophical systems moksa appears in different names, such as apavarga, nihsreyasa, nirvana, kaivalya, mukti, etc. These concepts differ from one another in detail." 6466:

With release comes Nirvana (Pali: Nibbana), "blowing out", "quenching", or "becoming extinguished" of the fires of the passions and of self-view. It is a "timeless state" in which there is no more

10392: 4875:, the Mimamsa school of Hinduism considered the concept of heaven as sufficient to answer the question: what lay beyond this world after death. Other schools of Hinduism, over time, accepted the 10355: 4742:, is sometimes depicted alongside a swan, which is a symbol of spiritual perfection, liberation and moksha. The symbolism of Sarasvati and the swan is that knowledge and moksha go together. 5615:

as the loving, eternal union with God and considered the highest perfection of existence. Dvaita schools suggest every soul encounters liberation differently. Dualist traditions (e.g.

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on the other hand, starts with the premise that everything is the Self; there is no consciousness in the state of nirvana, but everything is One unified consciousness in the state of

4932:– the fire deity. The significance of these rituals was to reproduce and recite the cosmic-creation event described in the Vedas; the description of knowledge on different levels – 5728:

For him there is no invocation nor dismissal of deities, no mantra nor non-mantra, no prostrations nor worship of gods, goddess or ancestors, nothing other than knowledge of Self;

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curiosities. Over time, the ancient scholars observed that people vary in the quality of virtuous or sinful life they lead, and began questioning how differences in each person's

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to these early concept-developers, was the abandonment of the established order, not in favor of anarchy, but in favor of self-realization, to achieve release from this world.

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is related to the development of insight. According to Gombrich, the distinction may be a later development, which resulted in a change of doctrine, regarding the practice of

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results from a life that is lived absent-mindedly, with impurity, with neither the use of intelligence nor self-examination, where neither mind nor senses are guided by one's

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schools of Hinduism, is devoted to the worship of God, sings his name, anoints his image or idol, and has many sub-schools. Vaishnavas (followers of Vaishnavism) suggest that

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He is as comfortable with a bowl, at the foot of a tree in tattered robe without help, as when he is in a mithuna (union of mendicants), grama (village) and nagara (city);

4706:) who dwells in all beings. Kathaka Upanishad asserts knowledge liberates, knowledge is freedom. Kathaka Upanishad also explains the role of yoga in personal liberation, 7225:

tradition of Jainism, women must live an ethical life and gain karmic merit to be reborn as a man, because only males can achieve spiritual liberation. In contrast, the

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R.K. Tripathi (1982), Advaita Vedanta and Neoplatonism, in "Neoplatonism and Indian thought", Ed: R.B. Harris, Albany, NY, pp 237; also see pp 294–297 by Albert Wolters

4776:, meaning "essence of self". After the prayer verses, the Upanishad inquires about the secret to freedom and liberation (mukti). Sarasvati's reply in the Upanishad is: 10268:

D. Datta (1888), Moksha, or the Vedántic Release, Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, New Series, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Oct., 1888), pp. 516

5491:, which literally means "Crown Jewel of Discriminatory Reasoning", is a book devoted to moksa in Vedanta philosophy. It explains what behaviors and pursuits lead to 10447:

Betty, Stafford. "Dvaita, Advaita, And Viśiṣṭadvaita: Contrasting Views Of Mokṣa." Asian Philosophy 20.2 (2010): 215–224. Academic Search Elite. Web. 24 Sept. 2012.

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R Sinari (1982), The concept of human estrangement in plotinism and Shankara Vedanta, in "Neoplatonism and Indian thought", Ed: R.B. Harris, Albany, NY, pp 243–255

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Balinese Hindus spell words slightly differently from Indian Hindus; tattva in India is spelled tattwa in Bali, nirvana in India is spelled nirwana in Bali, etc.

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or Atman, or pointed at as Nirvana, but described in a very different way. Some scholars, states Jayatilleke, assert that the Nirvana of Buddhism is same as the

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in the 2nd century, cannot be goals on the same journey. He pointed to the differences between the world we live in, and the freedom implied in the concept of

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developed in ancient India. Patrick Olivelle suggests these ideas likely originated with new religious movements in the first millennium BCE. The concepts of

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of Hinduism, starts out with prayers to Goddess Sarasvati. She is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, learning and creative arts; her name is a compound word of

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Loy, David (1982), Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?, International Philosophical Quarterly, 23 (1), pp 65–74;

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He is humble, high-spirited, of clear and steady mind, straightforward, compassionate, patient, indifferent, courageous, speaks firmly and with sweet words.

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N.S.S. Raman (2009), Ethics in Bhakti Philosophical Literature, in R. Prasad – A Historical-developmental Study of Classical Indian Philosophy of Morals,

9633:

David Loy (1982), Enlightenment in Buddhism and Advaita Vedanta: Are Nirvana and Moksha the Same?, International Philosophical Quarterly, 23(1), pp 65–74

4517:(action and plurality). The world is interconnected, one object works on another, input is transformed into output, change is continuous and everywhere. 10400: 8781:

Simon Brodbeck (2011), Sanskrit Epics: The Ramayana, Mahabharata and Harivamsa, in Jessica Frazier (Editor) – The Continuum Companion to Hindu Studies,

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Karl Potter (2008), The Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies: Advaita Vedānta Up to Śaṃkara and His Pupils, Volume 3, Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, pp 213

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D. Bhawuk (2011), Spirituality and Cultural Psychology, in Anthony Marsella (Series Editor), International and Cultural Psychology, Springer New York,

58: 10363: 10047:, Transl: M.L. Sandal (1923), Chapter II, Pada I and Chapter VI, Pada I through VIII; Also see Klaus Klostermaier, A Survey of Hinduism, 3rd Edition, 5485:, are quintessentially free individuals, without craving for anything in the worldly life, thus are neither dominated by, nor dominating anyone else. 4601:

cannot be two different or sequential goals or states of life. Instead, they suggest God should be kept in mind constantly to simultaneously achieve

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Miller, A. T. (2013), A review of "An Introduction to Indian Philosophy: Perspectives on Reality, Knowledge, and Freedom", Religion, 43(1), 119–123.

9032: 5588:. True knowledge is a direct, permanent realization that the Atman and Brahman are one. This realization instantly removes ignorance and leads to 4951:

By the middle to late Upanishadic period, the emphasis shifted to knowledge, and ritual activities were considered irrelevant to the attainment of

9349: 7260:(Correct Asceticism) as a fourth jewel, emphasizing belief in ascetic practices as the means to liberation (moksha). The four jewels are called 4318:

as transcendental consciousness, the perfect state of being, of self-realization, of freedom and of "realizing the whole universe as the Self".

5863: 11371: 4828:. In Vedic literature, there are three modes of experience: waking, dream and deep sleep. The Upanishadic era expanded these modes to include 9296: 10423: 9308: 8924:

Karl Potter, Dharma and Mokṣa from a Conversational Point of View, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 8, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1958), pp. 49–63

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Karl Potter, Dharma and Mokṣa from a Conversational Point of View, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 8, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1958), pp. 49–63

5682:(self-realized person). Dozens of Upanishads, including those from middle Upanishadic period, mention or describe the state of liberation, 8676:

S. R. Bhatt (1976), The Concept of Moksha—An Analysis, Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, Vol. 36, No. 4 (Jun., 1976), pp. 564–570;

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of life: studentship, householdship and retirement. During the Upanishadic era, Hinduism expanded this to include a fourth stage of life:

12804: 11957: 11687: 5384:, the way of contemplation and meditation. These mārgas are part of different schools in Hinduism, and their definition and methods to 488: 5282:– that is, ignorance or misleading/incorrect knowledge about one self and the universe. It seeks to end ordinary reflexive awareness ( 7996: 593: 12899: 9576:

A. Sharma, The realization of Kaivalya in the Poetry of Les A Murray: An Indian Perspective, Explorations in Australian Literature,

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Many verses from Vivekachudamani expound on “Tat tvam asi” phrase such as the verse above. For other verses, and translation, see:

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David White (1960), Moksa as value and experience, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 9, No. 3/4 (Oct., 1959 – Jan., 1960), pp. 145–161

8366:

Jorge Ferrer, Transpersonal knowledge, in Transpersonal Knowing: Exploring the Horizon of Consciousness (editors: Hart et al.),

4672:, a middle Upanishadic-era script dated to the second half of the first millennium BCE, is among the earliest expositions about 2770: 1356: 8502: 8274: 10500:

Norman E. Thomas (April 1988), Liberation for Life: A Hindu Liberation Philosophy, Missiology, Volume 16, Number 2, pp 149–160

15834: 15354: 13197: 13164: 11876: 11545: 11522: 11489: 11421: 11402: 11293: 11178: 11126: 11096: 10960: 10933: 10906: 10879: 10852: 10825: 10738: 10693: 10657: 10549: 10494: 10287: 10186: 10112: 10093: 10052: 10015: 9999: 9954: 9927: 9900: 9873: 9843: 9810: 9783: 9756: 9703: 9681: 9659: 9484: 9463: 8786: 8567: 5672:

Among the Samkhya, Yoga and Vedanta schools of Hinduism, liberation and freedom reached within one's life is referred to as

15839: 8731: 2649: 15864: 14832: 11818: 5703:

He is not bothered by disrespect and endures cruel words, treats others with respect regardless of how others treat him;

4820:, represented one of the many expansions in Hindu Vedic ideas of life and the afterlife. In the Vedas, there were three 11603: 11584: 11359: 11317: 11153: 11033: 10572: 10461: 10219: 10070:

Snell, M. M. (1894). Hinduism's Points of Contact with Christianity. IV. Salvation. The Biblical World, 4(2), pp 98–113

9979: 9732: 9581: 9534: 9504: 9421: 9364: 9329: 9282: 9267: 9240: 9219: 9198: 9177: 9156: 9127: 9107: 9064: 9048: 9018: 8709: 8684: 8609: 8550: 8531: 8465: 8454: 8371: 8360: 8312: 7188:, because they can perform physical and mental activities such as teach, without accruing karma that leads to rebirth. 6412: 5858: 5815: 5664:(God). Mukti, to Vishistadvaita school, is release from such avidya, towards the intuition and eternal union with God. 4576:) with a blissful state that has no need for values. Shankara goes on to suggest that anthropocentric virtues suffice. 3893: 13861: 4395:, in the epics and ancient literature of Hinduism, is seen as achievable by the same techniques necessary to practice 3526: 10583: 10175: 10161: 10141: 9608: 9436: 9394: 8826: 8766: 8421: 8403: 8349: 8153: 7098: 7052: 6553: 5017:; the fruit of bhakti is bhakti itself. In the history of Indian religious traditions, additional ideas and paths to 14693: 5660:

self-realized god. Such ideas, claims Ramanuja, decay to materialism, hedonism and self worship. Individuals forget

15042: 9525:

Klaus Klostermaier (1986), "Contemporary conceptions among North Indian Vaishnavas", in Ronald Neufeldt (Editor) –

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is possible in this life, while Dvaita, Visistadvaita, Shuddhadvait sub-schools of Vedanta tradition believes that

12365: 8124: 6879: 5110:, and the metaphysical ideas about soul (atman) are also rejected by Buddhism, while those ideas are essential to 4994:

Not by ablutions, not by making donations, nor by performing hundreds of breath control exercises. || Verse 13 ||

14681: 14212: 11950: 11680: 9087: 8903:

Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Dharma and Moksha, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 45–46

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Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Dharma and Moksha, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 41–48

8812:

J. A. B. Van Buitenen, Dharma and Moksa, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 33–40

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J. A. B. Van Buitenen, Dharma and Moksa, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 33–40

8363:, pp 89–102; Quote – "Moksa means freedom"; "Moksa is founded on atmajnana, which is the knowledge of the self."; 5772:, in Balinese Hindu belief, is the possibility of unity with the divine; it is sometimes referred to as nirwana. 2679: 1510: 12005: 10598: 10561: 10516: 9564: 9511: 8950:

Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Dharma and Moksha, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp 41–48

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state of soul is entered after an intentional and shockingly evil act, but Jaina texts also polemically applied

15854: 15728: 14799: 14510: 12297: 11639: 10996: 8862:

Klaus Klostermaier, Mokṣa and Critical Theory, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Jan., 1985), pp. 61–71

8847:

Klaus Klostermaier, Mokṣa and Critical Theory, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 35, No. 1 (Jan., 1985), pp. 61–71

5368:(meaning "way" or "path"), in Hinduism is widely classified into four spiritual approaches. The first mārga is 5191:

can be achieved in this life, or only after this life. Many of the 108 Upanishads discuss amongst other things

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of Hinduism. There is difference between these ideas, as explained elsewhere in this article, but they are all

630: 440: 15342: 10532: 8938:

Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Dharma and Moksha, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 47

8915:

Daniel H. H. Ingalls, Dharma and Moksha, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 46

5266:. Like many schools of Hinduism, in Sāmkhya and Yoga schools, the emphasis is on the attainment of knowledge, 15452: 15065: 14639: 12999: 7989: 6341: 6036: 2103: 15447: 8821:

E. Deutsch, The self in Advaita Vedanta, in Roy Perrett (Editor), Indian philosophy: metaphysics, Volume 3,

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E. Deutsch, The self in Advaita Vedanta, in Roy Perrett (Editor), Indian philosophy: metaphysics, Volume 3,

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According to Jainism, purification of soul and liberation can be achieved through the path of three jewels:

7217:, with the potential to achieve liberation, particularly through asceticism. The ability of women to attain 4863:

for centuries, considering it irrelevant. The Mimamsa school, for example, denied the goal and relevance of

14688: 13099: 12698: 6286: 6061: 6021: 2659: 2599: 579: 11660: 10127:

Jeffrey Gold, Plato in the Light of Yoga, Philosophy East and West, Vol. 46, No. 1 (Jan., 1996), pp. 20–27

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M. von Brück (1986), Imitation or Identification?, Indian Theological Studies, Vol. 23, Issue 2, pp 95–105

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in the 8th century AD, like Nagarjuna earlier, examined the difference between the world one lives in and

1202: 15783: 14931: 14703: 10309: 7875: 7162:. Jaina believe that this soul is what transmigrates from one being to another at the time of death. The 4629:

dominated the initial impressions and colonial-era literature on Hinduism, through the works of Thibaut,

3829: 3720: 2330: 15844: 12578: 10044: 9723: 8428: 15708: 15032: 14730: 14222: 13799: 13255: 13228: 12668: 12563: 11943: 11861: 11774: 11673: 3848: 3519: 3423: 2370: 2039: 1724: 1036: 358: 12523: 10620: 5706:

When confronted by an angry person he does not return anger, instead replies with soft and kind words;

5499:. The four essential conditions, according to Vivekachudamani, before one can commence on the path of 4688:

and what leads to liberation. Naciketa inquires: what causes sorrow? Yama explains that suffering and

4252:, although this is still reliant on personal and spiritual endeavours attributed to attaining moksha. 4067:

differ and mean different states between various schools of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. The term

2365: 15037: 15027: 14750: 13676: 13190: 12844: 12430: 12000: 11797: 8214:): "consciousness", "true consciousness", "to be consciousness of", "to understand", "to comprehend". 7577: 6914: 6832: 6804: 6161: 4817: 4610: 4380: 3825: 3471: 2589: 2325: 613: 598: 13329: 6480: 5971: 1266: 15690: 15320: 14961: 14544: 14202: 14126: 13832: 13614: 13589: 12484: 12467: 12064: 8131: 7982: 7885: 7818: 7047: 6166: 6116: 5084: 4654: 3381: 3374: 3353: 3062: 2952: 2924: 2654: 1544: 1331: 13364: 12528: 7174: 6633: 4974:

principles were accepted in many other schools of Hinduism, albeit with differences. For example,

4948:– helped the individual transcend to moksa. Knowledge was the means, the ritual its application. 4928:

was ritualistic. Mokṣa was claimed to result from properly completed rituals such as those before

1306: 1222: 15869: 14825: 14380: 14240: 13911: 13451: 13394: 12744: 12724: 12414: 12106: 8054:

I have come, helpless, to Your Door, O Lord Master; I am exhausted – I seek the Sanctuary of the

7823: 7743: 7694: 7659: 7645: 6326: 5187:

The six major orthodox schools of Hinduism have had a historic debate, and disagree over whether

3596: 2809: 2714: 2639: 1820: 1742: 635: 603: 20: 14275: 8986:

Klaus Klostermaier (1985), Mokṣa and Critical Theory, Philosophy East and West, 35 (1), pp 61–71

8195: 5715:

He never injures or harms any life or being (ahimsa), he is intent in the welfare of all beings;

5396:

s need not lead to all forms of moksha, according to some schools of Hinduism. For example, the

4617:

as similar to the Christian position on salvation, and Vaishnavism as the school whose views on

1782: 15601: 14897: 14723: 14676: 13886: 13609: 13024: 12989: 12425: 12150: 11907: 9043:

John Bowker (2000), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, Oxford University Press,

7910: 6954: 6405: 6141: 6126: 6106: 6031: 6026: 5941: 5848: 4714: 4658: 3886: 3795: 3725: 3561: 3190: 2959: 2619: 1520: 1197: 13175: 12441: 11116: 10567:

S. Nikhilananda (1958), Hinduism : Its meaning for the liberation of the spirit, Harper,

10136:

R. Sinari, The way toward Moksa, in Murty et al. (Editors) – Freedom, Progress & Society,

10107:

Knut Jacobsen (2011), in Jessica Frazier (Editor), The Bloomsbury companion to Hindu studies,

9830:

Buddhism in Life: The Anthropological Study of Religion and the Sinhalese Practice of Buddhism

5330: 4649:. The proto-concept that first appears in the ancient Sanskrit verses and early Upanishads is 15424: 15262: 14745: 14698: 14671: 14634: 13891: 12202: 11866: 11086: 10730: 10511:

See for example Muktika Upanishad, Varaha Upanishad, Adhyatma Upanishad, Sandilya Upanishad,

10156:

John Lochtefeld (2002), The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism, Rosen Publishing New York,

9835: 8064:, I have met my Enticing Lord God; my mind is cooled and soothed – it blossoms forth in joy. 7833: 7828: 7091: 6346: 6336: 6291: 4895: 4299: 3835: 3813: 3703: 3568: 3141: 2749: 2629: 2032: 2018: 1186: 14207: 10214:

Eliot Deutsch, Advaita Vedanta: A philosophical reconstruction, University of Hawaii Press,

5507:(discrimination, critical reasoning) between everlasting principles and fleeting world; (2) 5210:, each for their own reasons: the Nyaya, Vaisesika and Mimamsa schools of Hinduism consider 4966:

and meditation, with hierarchical creation of the ultimate knowledge in self as the path to

1181: 15656: 14869: 14718: 14713: 14708: 14629: 14106: 13599: 13584: 13236: 13183: 12588: 8662: 7940: 7915: 7905: 7880: 7788: 6356: 6316: 6311: 6276: 6121: 6001: 5909: 5894: 5838: 5810: 4963: 3821: 3817: 3809: 3698: 3360: 2938: 2908: 2739: 2644: 2540: 2270: 2164: 516: 15347: 12244: 9719: 9138:(soul) and Brahman, Hinduism treats Sakyamuni Buddha as one of the ten avatars of Vishnu." 8580: 8: 15763: 15315: 14850: 14768: 14735: 14614: 14505: 14440: 14290: 14149: 14029: 13901: 13729: 13666: 13619: 12934: 12874: 12648: 12222: 12146: 11980: 11897: 11892: 11537: 10512: 8398:

A. Sharma (1982), The Puruṣārthas: a study in Hindu axiology, Michigan State University,

8206: 7950: 7900: 7890: 7332: 7221:

has been historically debated, and the subtraditions with Jainism have disagreed. In the

6997: 6548: 6366: 6321: 6259: 6199: 6136: 6081: 6076: 5831: 5820: 5520: 5244: 3853: 3746: 3582: 3113: 2975: 2719: 2609: 2594: 2500: 2440: 2405: 2305: 1885: 1797: 1416: 1075: 686: 588: 559: 502: 13418: 13278: 12809: 12543: 12069: 10170:

Feuerstein, Georg (2003), The deeper dimension of yoga: Theory and practice, Shambhala,

7256:(Correct Conduct), meaning behavior consistent with the Five vows. Jain texts often add 5138:

Ancient literature of different schools of Hinduism sometimes use different phrases for

4694: 4018:(pleasure, sensuality, emotional fulfillment). Together, these four concepts are called 1986: 1176: 15859: 15533: 15148: 15130: 15079: 14818: 14570: 14529: 13821: 13634: 13579: 12448: 12259: 12089: 7654: 7621: 7327: 7322: 6543: 6460: 6430: 6351: 6331: 6271: 6266: 6154: 6056: 6049: 5976: 5966: 5873: 5619:) see God as the object of love, for example, a personified monotheistic conception of 5482: 5354:

Three of four paths of spirituality in Hinduism. Each path suggests a different way to

5262:, the principle of consciousness, as independent from mind and body, as different from 4698:(soul, self). Liberation comes from a life lived with inner purity, alert mind, led by 4325: 3775: 3761: 3480: 3005: 2901: 2729: 2709: 2704: 2699: 2300: 2066: 1937: 1549: 1435: 13794: 13769: 12789: 12459: 12292: 10578:

Andrew Fort (1998), Jivanmukti in Transformation, State University of New York Press,

8562:

Knut Jacobsen, in The Continuum Companion to Hindu Studies (Editor: Jessica Frazier),

8406:, pp 9–12; See review by Frank Whaling in Numen, Vol. 31, 1 (Jul., 1984), pp. 140–142; 7226: 7168: 5106:

in Hinduism, a view other scholars and he disagree with. Buddhism rejects the idea of

4787:

Seeing that reflection I wish myself you, an individual soul, as if I could be finite!

15793: 15505: 15404: 15305: 15281: 15098: 15009: 14785: 14779: 14659: 14649: 14515: 14450: 13843: 13784: 13639: 13629: 12839: 12819: 12774: 12643: 12420: 12396: 12389: 11966: 11846: 11635: 11632:

Moksha: Aldous Huxley's Classic Writings on Psychedelics and the Visionary Experience

11599: 11580: 11541: 11518: 11485: 11417: 11398: 11313: 11289: 11174: 11149: 11122: 11092: 11029: 10992: 10956: 10929: 10902: 10875: 10848: 10821: 10734: 10723: 10689: 10653: 10579: 10568: 10545: 10490: 10457: 10283: 10215: 10182: 10171: 10157: 10137: 10108: 10089: 10048: 10011: 9995: 9975: 9974:

A. Sharma (2000), Classical Hindu Thought: An Introduction, Oxford University Press,

9950: 9923: 9896: 9869: 9839: 9806: 9779: 9752: 9728: 9699: 9677: 9655: 9604: 9577: 9530: 9500: 9480: 9459: 9432: 9417: 9390: 9360: 9325: 9278: 9263: 9236: 9215: 9194: 9173: 9152: 9123: 9103: 9083: 9060: 9044: 9014: 8822: 8782: 8762: 8705: 8680: 8679:

S.M.S. Chari (1994), Vaiṣṇavism: Its Philosophy, Theology, and Religious Discipline,

8605: 8563: 8546: 8527: 8461: 8460:

Karl H. Potter (2002), Presuppositions of India's Philosophies, Motilal Banarsidass,

8450: 8417: 8399: 8367: 8356: 8345: 8308: 8070: 8018: 7945: 7753: 7402: 7397: 7392: 6783: 6727: 6722: 6663: 6651: 6583: 6484: 6398: 6296: 6281: 6086: 5961: 5904: 5868: 5853: 5784: 5557: 5176:. Modern literature additionally uses the Buddhist term nirvana interchangeably with 4785:

My perfect consciousness shines your world, like a beautiful face in a soiled mirror,

4653:, which means "freed" or "released". In the middle and later Upanishads, such as the 3912: 3879: 3785: 3754: 3710: 3367: 3318: 3253: 3012: 2998: 2744: 2669: 2490: 2450: 2445: 2435: 2275: 1971: 1905: 1500: 1237: 528: 402: 336: 138: 72: 14250: 13300: 13104: 12139: 9828: 8545:

Peter Harvey (2013), An Introduction to Buddhism: Teachings, History and Practices,

8493: 8286: 8030:

I desire neither worldly power nor liberation. I desire nothing but seeing the Lord.

7158: 6678: 4019: 3993:

is freedom from ignorance: self-realization, self-actualization and self-knowledge.

2350: 1757: 1044: 15628: 15457: 15442: 15325: 15219: 15199: 15090: 14520: 14430: 14321: 13921: 13916: 13881: 13856: 13742: 13699: 13386: 13246: 13044: 12678: 12613: 12401: 12335: 12264: 12045: 12037: 11924: 11914: 11823: 11760: 8654: 7920: 7847: 7689: 7494: 7464: 7387: 7286: 7112: 7084: 7007: 6992: 6982: 6886: 6613: 6598: 6593: 6588: 6512: 6361: 6306: 6236: 6226: 6091: 5397: 5388:. For example, the Advaita Vedanta school relies on Jñāna Yoga in its teachings of 4856: 4553: 4264: 3661: 3623: 3603: 3554: 3503: 3402: 3197: 3183: 3134: 3077: 2624: 2280: 2199: 1950: 1870: 1495: 921: 775: 672: 454: 376: 270: 204: 94: 15633: 13704: 12623: 11512: 10621:

Tattwa are the words of the world: Balinese narratives and creative transformation

10088:

Knut Jacobson, in Jessica Frazier (Editor), Continuum companion to Hindu studies,

5457:

The Vedantic school of Hinduism suggests the first step towards mokṣa begins with

5318: 5218:

as possible in this life. In the Vedanta school, the Advaita sub-school concludes

4783:

I am being, consciousness, bliss, eternal freedom: unsullied, unlimited, unending.

4407:

is self-discipline that is so perfect that it becomes unconscious, second nature.

4298:

release in eschatological sense in these ancient literature of Hinduism, suggests

4258:

ideas evolved in Hinduism. In earliest Vedic literature, heaven and hell sufficed

3039: 15849: 15829: 15381: 15330: 15249: 15239: 15191: 15108: 14789: 14654: 14607: 14589: 14539: 14473: 14455: 14398: 14348: 14167: 14071: 13944: 13906: 13876: 13714: 13604: 13443: 13436: 13283: 12994: 12864: 12739: 12638: 12314: 12232: 12207: 12129: 11475: 11143: 11023: 10950: 10923: 10896: 10869: 10842: 10815: 10683: 10647: 9944: 9917: 9890: 9863: 9800: 9773: 9746: 9693: 9671: 9649: 9451: 8506: 8220:आनन्द (noun): "bliss", "true bliss", "happiness", "joy", "delight", "pleasure" 8055: 7970: 7808: 7439: 7072: 6987: 6856: 6842: 6565: 6386: 6301: 6101: 6011: 5956: 5604:. Bliss, claims this school, is the fruit of knowledge (vidya) and work (karma). 5549: 5488: 5439: 5369: 5114:

in Hinduism. In Buddhism, nirvana is 'blowing out' or 'extinction'. In Hinduism,

5000: 4821: 4681: 4669: 4368: 4169: 4160:

Various schools of Hinduism also explain the concept as presence of the state of

3867: 3790: 3738: 3547: 3451: 3395: 3332: 3148: 3049: 2945: 2694: 2674: 2545: 2420: 2400: 2320: 2011: 1997: 1895: 1875: 1838: 1430: 1425: 1152: 1031: 995: 940: 935: 762: 428: 314: 226: 13369: 13084: 12155: 11367: 10473:

Abha Singh (October 2001), Social Philosophy of Ramanuja: its modern relevance,

9333: 8483:). Emancipation, release, or liberation. The Sanskrit words vimukti, mukti, and 8416:

Chris Bartley (2001), Encyclopedia of Asian Philosophy, Editor: Oliver Learman,

8307:

John Bowker, The Oxford Dictionary of World Religions, Oxford University Press,

8130:

The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of

5951: 5206:

The six major orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy offer the following views on

4552:, with one important difference: Plotinus accused the Gnostics of exchanging an 4156:

has been defined not merely as absence of suffering and release from bondage to

4000:

is a central concept and the utmost aim of human life; the other three aims are

1559: 1311: 1012: 15648: 15559: 15551: 15495: 15434: 15181: 15060: 14936: 14624: 14560: 14403: 13747: 13624: 13594: 13429: 13069: 13019: 13009: 12658: 12553: 12435: 12378: 12348: 12217: 11990: 9559:

For example, the Adhyatma Upanishad uses all three words nirvana, kaivalya and

9355:

John Taber, "The significance of Kumarila's Philosophy", in Roy Perrett (Ed) –

8190: 8135: 7767: 7459: 7454: 7429: 7377: 7317: 7207:

condition to those who belonged to a competing ancient Indian tradition called

6921: 6907: 6893: 6872: 6737: 6683: 6623: 6578: 6246: 6176: 6131: 5989: 5648: 5443: 4561: 3780: 3589: 3437: 3088: 2982: 2931: 2734: 2560: 2480: 2430: 2415: 2380: 2335: 2232: 2004: 1865: 1747: 1696: 1681: 1661: 1625: 1554: 1336: 1291: 1242: 1000: 625: 292: 13293: 13054: 12239: 12170: 8413:, The Journal of Religious Ethics, Vol. 27, No. 2 (Summer, 1999), pp. 223–256; 6900: 4132: 4126:

means freedom, liberation, but from what and how is where the schools differ.

4029:

is considered equivalent to and used interchangeably with other terms such as

3977: 1382: 1162: 1093: 608: 15823: 15808: 15778: 15414: 14951: 14912: 14902: 14740: 14644: 14423: 14197: 13935: 13826: 13737: 13671: 12518: 12491: 12354: 12341: 12328: 12282: 12227: 11856: 11841: 11789: 11502: 11465: 9409: 8446: 7730: 7720: 7539: 7524: 7499: 7474: 7362: 7302: 7184:. In Jainism, it is believed to be a stage beyond ethical perfection, states 7178:), is at the apex, is omniscient, remains there eternally, and is known as a 6767: 6732: 6697: 6538: 6071: 6066: 6006: 4764:. For example, Sarasvati Rahasya Upanishad, one of several Upanishads of the 4168:, the One Supreme Self), a state of knowledge, peace and bliss. For example, 3982: 3444: 3409: 3346: 3292: 3285: 3246: 3239: 3176: 3169: 3162: 3155: 3127: 3071: 2689: 2634: 2614: 2604: 2584: 2555: 2465: 2255: 2250: 2240: 2189: 2111: 2025: 1858: 1807: 1706: 1641: 1480: 1247: 701: 476: 248: 12096: 7674: 6865: 6211: 6016: 4630: 2425: 2184: 1392: 1387: 15300: 14979: 14956: 14907: 14889: 14295: 14260: 14157: 13774: 13064: 12964: 12949: 12683: 12513: 12321: 12254: 12134: 12114: 11995: 11813: 11808: 10871:

The Selfless Mind: Personality, Consciousness and Nirvana in Early Buddhism

10528: 10489:

Andrew Fort and Patricia Mumme (1996), Living Liberation in Hindu Thought,

9991: 9010: 9001:

Sometimes called Katha Upanishad – for example, by Max Muller, Nakhilananda

8045: 7760: 7632: 7627: 7611: 7519: 7434: 7382: 7367: 7209: 7042: 6772: 6742: 6603: 6573: 6111: 5996: 5914: 5800: 5569: 5462: 4975: 4867:

well into the 8th century AD, until the arrival of a Mimamsa scholar named

4506: 4440:

becomes one's instinctive nature. Many schools of Hinduism thus understood

4248:

can be achieved during life in the form of a state of liberation, known as

4146: 3986: 3416: 3325: 3232: 3225: 3218: 3204: 2862: 2684: 2520: 2515: 2475: 2385: 2375: 2345: 2315: 2245: 2149: 2071: 1802: 1767: 1691: 1666: 1595: 1445: 1296: 1088: 1083: 982: 969: 964: 15161: 12084: 11750: 11452: 11433:

Religions in Focus: New Approaches to Tradition and Contemporary Practices

11118:

Religions in Focus: New Approaches to Tradition and Contemporary Practices

9322:

The Living Goddess: Reclaiming the Tradition of the Mother of the Universe

7612: 7603: 7594: 7152:

non-theistic philosophy that believes in a metaphysical permanent self or

5381: 4992:

By reflection, reasoning and instructions of teachers, the truth is known,

4913:, where it is a state of "awakening", liberation and freedom in this life. 4302:, comes from self-knowledge and consciousness of oneness of supreme soul. 4092: 3921: 1620: 15666: 15610: 15171: 14602: 14435: 14363: 14353: 14265: 14255: 14230: 13871: 13866: 13757: 13551: 13535: 13478: 13413: 13349: 13144: 13034: 13014: 12784: 12608: 12568: 12558: 12360: 12175: 12059: 11919: 11784: 11481: 11329: 7725: 7684: 7602: 7564: 7554: 7534: 7529: 7514: 7509: 7479: 7469: 7444: 7270: 7185: 7032: 6928: 6814: 6762: 6618: 6181: 5637: 5373: 5342: 5181: 4765: 4729: 4589: 4584: 4372: 4259: 4255: 3972: 3968: 3487: 3211: 3104: 3034: 2847: 2801: 2762: 2664: 2505: 2495: 2360: 2224: 2214: 2083: 2078: 1981: 1880: 1772: 1762: 1732: 1701: 1610: 1377: 1191: 1114: 1106: 908: 677: 14984: 12979: 11454:

Reality: English Translation of Srimat Pujyapadacharya's Sarvarthasiddhi

10652:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 63–64, 33–34, 47–50, 74–75, 106. 10325:"Sat-Cit-Ananda Eternity Knowledged and Bliss, Kala Material Time, Form" 8410: 5592:, and is considered timeless, eliminating the cycle of birth and death ( 4387:

as a state of perfection. The concept was seen as a natural goal beyond

4364: 4314:

in epistemological and psychological senses. For example, Deutsche sees

4191:

You are that, God himself; Meditate this within yourself. ||Verse 254||

15803: 15798: 15788: 15623: 15564: 15477: 15224: 14500: 14468: 14413: 14270: 13979: 13816: 13789: 13571: 13344: 13094: 13074: 12984: 12939: 12914: 12854: 12849: 12799: 12719: 12693: 12628: 12454: 12407: 12212: 12160: 11902: 10708:, or as the Buddhists seem to have been the first to call it, nirvana." 8061: 7895: 7870: 7813: 7794: 7774: 7715: 7593: 7559: 7549: 7544: 7504: 7372: 7357: 7352: 7343: 6964: 6959: 6809: 6799: 6794: 6702: 6673: 6628: 6186: 5946: 5843: 5678: 5597: 5584: 5417: 5377: 4549: 4249: 3533: 3494: 3458: 3339: 3278: 2885: 2877: 2788: 2565: 2340: 2290: 2144: 2134: 1900: 1848: 1777: 1686: 1615: 1605: 1600: 1372: 1147: 1124: 1119: 848: 648: 15618: 14810: 12384: 10039:(heaven), it does not recognize samsara; while Nyaya school considers 8021:, the devotion to God is viewed as more important than the desire for 6528: 6443:, "release". In the suttas two forms of release are mentioned, namely 444: 15700: 15409: 15369: 15364: 15052: 15019: 14946: 14841: 14619: 14408: 14358: 14331: 14280: 14245: 14235: 14187: 14086: 14054: 13999: 13896: 13851: 13525: 13119: 12954: 12779: 12754: 12673: 12633: 12618: 12573: 12371: 12165: 11741: 11348: 9370:

Okita, K. (2008), "Mīmāṃsā and Vedānta: Interaction and Continuity",

8079: 7587: 7222: 7037: 7027: 7002: 6837: 6789: 6668: 6231: 6206: 5628: 5616: 5541: 5413: 5066: 4832:– the stage beyond deep sleep. The Vedas suggest three goals of man: 4761: 4739: 4565: 4474: 4220: 3643: 3575: 3512: 3430: 3262: 2833: 2793: 2724: 2570: 2535: 2485: 2455: 2390: 2310: 2209: 2179: 2159: 1843: 1787: 1752: 1737: 1656: 1651: 1633: 959: 873: 804: 743: 182: 12119: 11935: 11665: 11615:

Buddhism and Society: A Great Tradition and Its Burmese Vicissitudes

10564:, University of Toronto Robart Library Archives, Canada, pp 140–147 5096:, in all traditions, represent resting in one's true essence, named 4645:

appears much later in ancient Indian literature than the concept of

1440: 414: 15713: 15574: 15292: 15234: 15229: 15166: 15113: 14994: 14941: 14874: 14664: 14483: 14478: 14368: 14305: 14285: 14116: 13952: 13779: 13752: 13719: 13661: 13561: 13556: 13530: 13455: 13339: 13211: 13114: 13004: 12944: 12894: 12889: 12734: 12729: 12688: 12653: 12603: 12538: 12533: 12287: 12124: 11793: 11768: 11735: 11700: 11312:

HS Singha (2009), Sikhism: A Complete Introduction, Hemkunt Press,

10601:, University of Toronto Robart Library Archives, Canada, pp 173–174 8445:

Gavin Flood (1996), The meaning and context of the Purusarthas, in

8202:

describes an essence that is pure and timeless, that never changes.

8179: 8014: 7965: 7865: 7855: 7803: 7489: 7067: 6777: 6436: 6241: 6221: 6216: 6096: 5792: 5652: 5148: 5038: 4868: 4825: 4545: 4450: 4448:

as two points of a single journey of life, a journey for which the

4422:

school of Hinduism, for example, suggests that one of the paths to

4235: 4076: 4039: 3950: 3946: 3715: 3271: 3097: 3054: 3021: 2872: 2867: 2840: 2550: 2530: 2460: 2410: 2285: 2174: 2090: 2061: 2056: 1925: 1915: 1812: 1792: 1716: 1711: 1676: 1346: 1326: 1286: 1252: 1232: 1212: 1098: 974: 709: 667: 662: 536: 46: 15582: 15176: 13493: 13124: 8526:

T. Chatterjea (2003), Knowledge and Freedom in Indian Philosophy,

8355:

T. Chatterjee (2003), Knowledge and Freedom in Indian Philosophy,

7664: 4905: 4794:

No space, my loving devotee, exists between your self and my self,

4781:

It was through me the Creator himself gained liberating knowledge,

2778: 492: 15718: 15638: 15469: 15359: 15204: 15138: 15004: 14989: 14861: 14565: 14418: 14336: 14326: 14101: 14091: 14064: 14059: 14049: 14004: 13989: 13984: 13764: 13709: 13694: 13686: 13653: 13520: 13423: 13398: 13374: 13273: 13263: 13134: 13129: 13109: 13049: 13039: 13029: 12969: 12919: 12909: 12834: 12824: 12814: 12759: 12593: 12473: 12197: 12074: 12049: 11985: 11779: 11655: 11501:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

11464:

This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the

9567:, University of Toronto Robart Library Archives, Canada, pp 55–60 9548:

Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland

8097: 8010: 7679: 7294: 7149: 7118: 6520: 6490: 6467: 6426: 5921: 5578: 5564:

is seen as a final release from illusion, and through knowledge (

5433: 5107: 5103: 5098: 4419: 4229: 4165: 3963: 3958: 3954: 3648: 3638: 3388: 3309: 3301: 3118: 3044: 3029: 2826: 2525: 2470: 2204: 2154: 2124: 2119: 1991: 1966: 1853: 1485: 1364: 1341: 1316: 1227: 1217: 1026: 990: 878: 863: 858: 794: 789: 753: 748: 735: 160: 15335: 13359: 13215: 12859: 11630:

Huxley, Aldous (1999), Michael Horowitz; Cynthia Palmer (eds.),

11395:

Jains in the World : Religious Values and Ideology in India

10813: 10200:

H. Negendra (2008), Int Journal of Yoga, Jul–Dec, 1(2), pp 43–44

10167:

Bhagwad Gita (The Celestial Song), Chapters 2:56–57, 12, 13:1–28

8479:

The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism: "Vimoksha " (Skt.; Jpn.

8083: 7240:(Correct View), meaning faith, acceptance of the truth of soul ( 5572:. Advaita holds there is no being/non-being distinction between 5214:

as possible only after death. Samkhya and Yoga schools consider

4332:

is more than liberation from a life-rebirth cycle of suffering (

3684: 1530: 1525: 1351: 15773: 15758: 15487: 15419: 15399: 15394: 15209: 15156: 14999: 14597: 14575: 14388: 14341: 14300: 14182: 14172: 14111: 14019: 13962: 13957: 13811: 13498: 13334: 13305: 13205: 13139: 13089: 13079: 12974: 12879: 12869: 12829: 12769: 12764: 12749: 12714: 12663: 12583: 12249: 12079: 11755: 11719: 9134:: "Even though Buddhism explicitly rejected the Hindu ideas of 8041: 8033: 7860: 7709: 7704: 7699: 7669: 7484: 7449: 7415: 7180: 6949: 6608: 6496: 6475: 6381: 5936: 5931: 5926: 5889: 5749: 5624: 5608: 5470: 5447: 5043: 4841: 4557: 4454:

was discipline and self-training. Over time, these ideas about

4428: 4098:, which means to free, let go, release, liberate. According to 4002: 3653: 3467: 2783: 2510: 2395: 2295: 2265: 2260: 2194: 2169: 1958: 1828: 1671: 1646: 1585: 1470: 1465: 1455: 1397: 1321: 1281: 1276: 1207: 1052: 954: 898: 883: 829: 809: 722: 717: 554: 388: 16:

Spiritual liberation in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism

11577:

The Neo-Vaisnavite Movement and the Satra Institution of Assam

11557:

Buddhahood Embodied: Sources of Controversy in India and Tibet

5718:

He is as comfortable being alone as in the presence of others;

5676:, and the individual who has experienced this state is called 4790:

A finite soul, an infinite Goddess – these are false concepts,

4187:

That which is without name and form, beyond merit and demerit,

15682: 15587: 15523: 15310: 15267: 15214: 15103: 14971: 14924: 14879: 14493: 14488: 14192: 14162: 14096: 14076: 14014: 13994: 13967: 13806: 13508: 13408: 13354: 13310: 13288: 13154: 13149: 13059: 12929: 12884: 12794: 12598: 12548: 12497: 12478: 12054: 12015: 11803: 11696: 11243: 11241: 8049: 8037: 7424: 7312: 6171: 5761: 5756:(the one supreme god head, not to be confused with Brahmin), 5712:

He does not crave for blessings or expect praise from others;

5632: 5620: 5404:

form of mukti, where the complete absorption in God deprives

5254:

In Sāmkhya literature, liberation is commonly referred to as

4837: 4680:. In Book I, Section III, the legend of boy Naciketa queries 4278: 4008: 3670: 3540: 3305: 2817: 2355: 2219: 2129: 1976: 1930: 1910: 1590: 1575: 1515: 1505: 1490: 1475: 1450: 1301: 1271: 1157: 1057: 888: 853: 824: 819: 814: 799: 727: 116: 9915: 8052:– I seek only the Blessed Vision of my Lord Master's vision. 4738:

The Hindu goddess of knowledge, learning and creative arts,

238: 231: 15741: 15736: 15541: 15518: 15513: 15389: 15257: 15118: 14919: 14534: 14463: 14445: 14393: 14177: 14121: 14081: 14041: 14024: 14009: 13974: 13403: 13315: 13159: 12924: 12904: 12010: 11871: 11851: 11745: 10771: 10544:

Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Vol 1 & 2,

10535:, Translated by A.S. Geden (1906), T&T Clark, Edinburgh 9942: 9865:

Early Buddhism: A New Approach : the I of the Beholder

9695:

Anthropology, Ecology, and Anarchism: A Brian Morris Reader

8211: 8082:

as the way to mukti, which is meditating and repeating the

7153: 5466: 5438:

The three main sub-schools in Vedanta school of Hinduism –

5420:

by declaring his admiration for devotees who do not prefer

5122:(anatman) is essential to Buddhist nirvana. Realization of 4956: 4910: 4833: 4305: 4223:

involved in this cycle also ended. This release was called

4099: 4014: 4012:(material prosperity, income security, means of life), and 2139: 1920: 1890: 1833: 1580: 1567: 1460: 1062: 903: 893: 868: 834: 784: 766: 11238: 8604:

M. Hiriyanna (2000), The essentials of Indian philosophy,

7213:. A male human being is considered closest to the apex of 5511:(indifference, lack of craving) for material rewards; (3) 15768: 13207: 11226: 11214: 11042: 9673:

Madhyamika and Yogacara: A Study of Mahayana Philosophies

8581:"Moksha | Derived from the Sanskrit word muc ("to free")" 7248:(Correct Knowledge), meaning undoubting knowledge of the 7129:

are one and the same. Jaina texts sometimes use the term

6439:

the term "moksha" is uncommon, but an equivalent term is

4702:(reason, intelligence), realization of the Supreme Self ( 4219:

as a cycle of suffering. By release from this cycle, the

4136:. This liberation can be attained while one is on earth ( 11265: 11204: 11202: 10969: 10925:

The Awakened Ones: Phenomenology of Visionary Experience

10795: 10623:, Ph.D. Thesis, University of New South Wales, Australia 9676:. State University of New York Press. pp. 177–180. 8237:* John J. Makransky: "The third noble truth, cessation ( 5376:, the way of loving devotion to God. The third mārga is 4802:

Sarasvati Rahasya Upanishad, Translated by Linda Johnsen

4540:

Scholars suggest Shankara's challenge to the concept of

4310:

Scholars provide various explanations of the meaning of

4130:

is also a concept that means liberation from rebirth or

13268: 10519:, University of Toronto Robart Library Archives, Canada 9039:: "1. real self of the individual; 2. a person's soul"; 9035:, Oxford Dictionaries, Oxford University Press (2012), 8761:

N. Ross Reat (1990), The Origins of Indian Psychology,

8411:

The Puruṣārthas: An Axiological Exploration of Hinduism

8325: 8323: 8321: 7195:(incapable), or a class of souls that can never attain 7172:) is liberated from the cycles of deaths and rebirths ( 5278:. Yoga's purpose is then seen as a means to remove the 5239:

Both Sāmkhya and Yoga systems of religious thought are

4796:

Know this and you are free. This is the secret wisdom.

4572:

implied an exchange of anthropocentric set of virtues (

4176:, explains one of many meditative steps on the path to 4102:

scriptures, it is a combination of two Sanskrit words,

1007: 544: 10164:, see articles on bhaktimārga, jnanamārga, karmamārga; 9550:, New Series, Vol. 20, No. 4 (Oct., 1888), pp. 513–539 9082:(Editors: Sushil Mittal and Gene Thursby), Routledge, 8751:. New Delhi, India: SAGE Publications. pp. 21–42. 7141:

is the ultimate spiritual goal in Jainism. It defines

5118:

is 'identity or oneness with Brahman'. Realization of

11199: 11066: 11054: 9943:

Yong Zhao; Jing Lei; Guofang Li; et al. (2010).

9718:

For Sanskrit version: Sadasivendra Sarasvati (1912),

466: 11017: 11015: 11013: 11011: 11009: 11001:"Nirvana: A synonym for liberation, release, moksa." 10921: 10759: 10312:

Meaning of the word "Satcitananda" (Sat Chit Ananda)

9563:(Verses 12, 16, 69, 70); K.N. Aiyar (Transl. 1914), 9546:

D. Datta (1888), "Moksha, or the Vedántic Release",

8318: 7264:. According to Jain texts, the liberated pure soul ( 5527:

adds to the above four requirements, the following:

5258:. In this school, kaivalya means the realization of 4356:(ignorance or anything that is not true knowledge). 4348:

in this life includes psychological liberation from

4122:

varies between various schools of Indian religions.

13469: 11253: 10783: 10747: 10636:, chapter four: "How Insight Worsted Concentration" 10010:Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Vol 1, 9946:

Handbook of Asian Education: A Cultural Perspective

4276:, or transmigration – where one's balance sheet of 4189:

That which is beyond space, time and sense-objects,

11187: 10722: 10258:. New Delhi, India: SAGE Publications. p. 27. 9827: 9651:Religion and Anthropology: A Critical Introduction 4921:appears in three forms: Vedic, yogic and bhakti. 4665:appears and begins becoming an important concept. 4282:determined one's rebirth. Along with this idea of 11006: 10716: 10714: 10043:as linked to samsara and a release from it; See: 9262:, Series Editor: Jean Holm, Bloomsbury Academic, 7229:tradition has believed that women too can attain 5709:Even if tortured, he speaks and trusts the truth; 5631:. By immersing oneself in the love of God, one's 5184:concepts of various Indian religious traditions. 4882:It is unclear when the core ideas of samsara and 15821: 11514:Karma and Rebirth in Classical Indian Traditions 11288:Geoff Teece (2004), Sikhism: Religion in focus, 10847:. Cambridge University Press. pp. 191–233. 9857: 9855: 9825: 9798: 9778:. Buddhist Publication Society. pp. 96–97. 9771: 9744: 9722:; For English version: Charles Johnston (1912), 8640:, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 41–48 8632: 8630: 8628: 8626: 8624: 8622: 8620: 8618: 8374:, State University of New York Press, Chapter 10 5302:), which over time leads to deep concentration ( 4336:); the Vedantic school separates this into two: 4286:, the ancient scholars developed the concept of 507: 10928:. Columbia University Press. pp. 145–146. 10894: 10639: 9889:Peter Harvey (2015). Steven M. Emmanuel (ed.). 9669: 9641: 9639: 9537:, State University of New York Press, Chapter 5 5076:comes removal of communion with material world, 5042:realization that all experienced phenomena are 3961:for various forms of emancipation, liberation, 194: 187: 11511:Jaini, Padmanabh (1980), Wendy Doniger (ed.), 11308: 11306: 11304: 11302: 11110: 11108: 11084: 10840: 10711: 10681: 10645: 10027:Note: Each school has a different meaning for 9617:"Moksa and Nirvana are synonymous in Jainism". 9385:J.A.B. van Buitenen, in Roy Perrett (Editor) – 9024: 8687:, 2nd Edition, Motilal Banarsidass, pp 122–123 8251:. 'The Cessation of Continuity and becoming ( 5495:, as well what actions and assumptions hinder 4917:In its historical development, the concept of 4792:in the minds of those unacquainted with truth, 418: 407: 348: 341: 150: 143: 84: 77: 62: 51: 14826: 13191: 11951: 11681: 11114: 10987:Michael Carrithers, Caroline Humphrey (1991) 10820:. Oxford University Press. pp. 206–208. 10720: 10244:Shankara, Sarva vedanta siddhantasara 230–239 9852: 9527:Karma and Rebirth Post Classical Developments 9499:John Richards (Translator), Vivekachudamani, 8974:, Vol. 7, No. 1/2 (Apr. – Jul., 1957), pp. 48 8843: 8841: 8839: 8837: 8835: 8730:R.C. Mishra, Moksha and the Hindu Worldview, 8704:John Richards (Translator), Vivekachudamani, 8650: 8648: 8646: 8615: 7990: 7092: 6406: 5739: 5469:(teacher), study of historical knowledge and 5286:) with deeper, purer and holistic awareness ( 4717:, another middle-era Upanishad written after 4290:, as a state that released a person from the 3887: 459: 392: 381: 282: 275: 216: 209: 172: 165: 106: 99: 10948: 10867: 10305: 10303: 10301: 10299: 10084: 10082: 10080: 10078: 9888: 9861: 9805:. Buddhist Publication Society. p. 90. 9802:Facets of Buddhist Thought: Collected Essays 9775:Facets of Buddhist Thought: Collected Essays 9751:. Buddhist Publication Society. p. 96. 9748:Facets of Buddhist Thought: Collected Essays 9691: 9647: 9636: 9475:Knut Jacobson, in Jessica Frazier (Editor), 8424:, Routledge, Article on Purushartha, pp 443; 6455:is related to the practice of dhyana, while 5568:) of one's own fundamental nature, which is 5372:, the way of knowledge. The second mārga is 5074:After the dissolution of avidya (ignorance), 4533:) be useful to attain the last goal, namely 433: 326: 319: 11299: 11284: 11282: 11280: 11141: 11105: 11021: 10989:The Assembly of listeners: Jains in society 10814:Jay L. Garfield; William Edelglass (2011). 10387: 10385: 10383: 10381: 9629: 9627: 9625: 8970:Daniel H. H. Ingalls, "Dharma and Moksha", 8636:Daniel H. H. Ingalls, "Dharma and Moksha", 5408:of the sweetness and bliss associated with 5234: 4987:अर्थस्य निश्चयो दृष्टो विचारेण हितोक्तितः | 4807: 4684:, the lord of death to explain what causes 4579: 4501: 4359: 304: 297: 128: 121: 14833: 14819: 13198: 13184: 11958: 11944: 11688: 11674: 10688:. Cambridge University Press. p. 31. 10613: 10393:"Sanskrit dictionary for Spoken Sanskrit, 9970: 9968: 9966: 9654:. Cambridge University Press. p. 51. 9120:The Oxford Handbook of Religious Diversity 9070: 8832: 8643: 7997: 7983: 7191:Jaina traditions believe that there exist 7099: 7085: 6451:, "deliverance through wisdom" (insight). 6413: 6399: 4989:न स्नानेन न दानेन प्राणायमशतेन वा || १३ || 4568:; Shankara challenged that the concept of 4113: 3894: 3880: 481: 260: 253: 11554: 10898:The Notion of Emptiness in Early Buddhism 10777: 10350: 10348: 10346: 10296: 10075: 9594: 9592: 9590: 9456:The Bloomsbury companion to Hindu studies 8966: 8964: 8934: 8932: 8930: 8911: 8909: 8899: 8897: 8154:Learn how and when to remove this message 7145:as the spiritual release from all karma. 6463:to be insufficient for final liberation. 11596:Classical Hindu Thought: An Introduction 11277: 10378: 10123: 10121: 10031:. For example, Mimamsa school considers 9834:. Manchester University Press. pp. 9622: 9444: 8808: 8806: 8804: 8802: 8800: 8225: 5380:, the way of works. The fourth mārga is 5274:, as necessary for salvific liberation, 5021:beyond these three, appeared over time. 4904: 4748:Starting with the middle Upanishad era, 4461: 4363: 4306:Epistemological and psychological senses 4090:is derived from the Sanskrit root word, 14840: 10901:. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 21–22. 10817:The Oxford Handbook of World Philosophy 10210: 10208: 10206: 10103: 10101: 9994:, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Vol 1, 9963: 9916:Constance Jones; James D. Ryan (2006). 9514:published in 1921, Himalayan Series 43; 9332:, pp 51–52; for Sanskrit original see: 9251: 9249: 9013:, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Vol 1, 8719:published in 1921, Himalayan Series 43; 8449:(Editor) – The Fruits of Our Desiring, 8431:, University of Toronto Archives, pp. 8 8427:The Hindu Kama Shastra Society (1925), 5768:(principle of rebirth, reincarnation). 4436:, one must develop oneself where one's 4202: 4185:Beyond caste, creed, family or lineage, 2771:Sources and classification of scripture 15822: 11629: 11593: 11564: 11457:(Second ed.), Jwalamalini Trust, 11440: 11430: 10975: 10801: 10789: 10753: 10515:, etc.; in K.N. Aiyar (Transl. 1914), 10343: 10253: 9587: 9102:, State University of New York Press, 8961: 8927: 8906: 8894: 8746: 8516: 8514: 8495:The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism 8329: 8277:The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism 5764:(actions and reciprocity, causality), 5667: 4844:. To these, the Upanishadic era added 4379:Many schools of Hinduism according to 14814: 13179: 11965: 11939: 11695: 11669: 11612: 11574: 11531: 11510: 11392: 11259: 11247: 11232: 11208: 11168: 11072: 11060: 11048: 10952:Buddhism: Its Essence and Development 10844:Nirvana and Other Buddhist Felicities 10765: 10277: 10232: 10118: 9895:. John Wiley & Sons. p. 36. 9598: 8797: 8742: 8740: 8732:Psychology & Developing Societies 7274:) and dwells there in eternal bliss. 7268:) goes up to the summit of universe ( 5427: 4859:was slow. These refused to recognize 4489:could not be intellectually related. 4025:In some schools of Indian religions, 1393:Anupalabdi (non-perception, negation) 1388:Arthāpatti (postulation, presumption) 11473: 11450: 11411: 11342: 11271: 11220: 11193: 11173:. Motilal Banarsidass. p. 169. 10729:. Oxford University Press. pp. 10685:Nirvana: Concept, Imagery, Narrative 10649:Nirvana: Concept, Imagery, Narrative 10203: 10098: 9477:Continuum companion to Hindu studies 9311:Sanskrit English Dictionary, Germany 9299:Sanskrit English Dictionary, Germany 9246: 8178:The description comprises the three 8107: 14795: 10672:Gombrich, "What the Buddha thought" 10634:The Conditioned genesis of Buddhism 10425:Indian Philosophy A Critical Survey 9603:. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publ. 8769:, Asian Humanities Press, Chapter 2 8511: 4498:that are limited in one framework. 13: 11623: 11517:, University of California Press, 11414:Jainism: A Guide for the Perplexed 10421: 10282:. Winona, MN: Saint Mary's Press. 10045:The Purva-Mimamsa Sutra of Jaimini 9892:A Companion to Buddhist Philosophy 9100:Early Advaita Vedanta and Buddhism 8737: 5864:Decline in the Indian subcontinent 5859:Silk Road transmission of Buddhism 5450:– each have their own views about 4879:concept and refined it over time. 4071:is more common in Buddhism, while 3975:senses, it refers to freedom from 14: 15881: 11649: 11477:Acharya Umasvami's Tattvarthsūtra 11171:Collected Papers on Jaina Studies 9601:Collected Papers on Jaina Studies 8352:, Taylor and Francis, pp 343–360; 7133:, and call the liberated soul as 6479:and rebirth in the six realms of 5477:. Those who are on their path to 4851:The acceptance of the concept of 4399:. Self-discipline is the path to 4371:(pictured) is a symbolic tale in 4352:(fears besetting one's life) and 41:Emancipation, liberation, release 14794: 14784: 14775: 14774: 14763: 13468: 13214: 13206: 11654: 11617:, University of California Press 11496: 11459: 11347: 11323: 11162: 11135: 11078: 10981: 10942: 10915: 10888: 10861: 10834: 10807: 10675: 10666: 10626: 10604: 10590: 10560:see: K.N. Aiyar (Transl. 1914), 10554: 10538: 10533:The philosophy of the Upanishads 9670:Gadjin M. Nagao (January 1991). 9397:, Taylor & Francis, pp 25–32 9352:, Kavyalaya Publishers, pp 23–33 8829:, Taylor and Francis, pp 343–360 8198:); : "Truth", "Absolute Being", 8112: 7964: 7301: 7137:. As with all Indian religions, 7066: 6527: 6380: 5799: 5341: 5329: 5317: 4728: 4613:regards Vaishnavas' position on 4164:(the experience of oneness with 4006:(virtuous, proper, moral life), 3861: 543: 14764: 11121:. Routledge. pp. 182–183. 11028:. Routledge. pp. 104–105. 10874:. Routledge. pp. 198–226. 10522: 10505: 10480: 10467: 10450: 10441: 10432: 10415: 10317: 10271: 10262: 10247: 10238: 10225: 10194: 10147: 10130: 10058: 10021: 10004: 9985: 9936: 9922:. Infobase. pp. 392, 292. 9909: 9882: 9819: 9792: 9765: 9738: 9712: 9570: 9553: 9540: 9519: 9490: 9469: 9400: 9379: 9339: 9314: 9302: 9290: 9225: 9204: 9183: 9162: 9141: 9004: 8995: 8977: 8941: 8918: 8884: 8867: 8850: 8815: 8772: 8755: 8749:Moksha and the Hindu World View 8724: 8695: 8667: 8598: 8573: 8556: 8539: 8172: 7166:state is attained when a soul ( 5744:Balinese Hinduism incorporates 5290:). Yoga, during the pursuit of 5199:(personal duties), sticking to 5078:this is the path to Kaivalyam. 4197:Vivekachudamani, 8th Century CE 14689:Relations with other religions 12298:Progressive utilization theory 11534:The Jaina Path of Purification 11338: 11091:. I.B.Tauris. pp. 36–37. 10475:Indian Philosophical Quarterly 10256:Moksha and the Hindu Worldview 9512:translation of Vivekachudamani 9416:, Princeton University Press, 8717:translation of Vivekachudamani 8473: 8436: 8389: 8379: 8335: 8301: 8267: 5596:). Advaita Vedanta emphasizes 4752:– or equivalent terms such as 4340:(liberation in this life) and 4118:The definition and meaning of 631:Epic-Puranic royal genealogies 1: 11532:Jaini, Padmanabh S. (1998) , 11148:. Routledge. pp. 55–59. 10955:. Courier. pp. 125–137. 10922:Gananath Obeyesekere (2012). 9868:. Routledge. pp. 19–20. 9431:, Berg/Oxford International, 9414:Yoga: Immortality and Freedom 9067:, See entry for Atman (self). 8734:, Vol. 25, Issue 1, pp 23, 27 8103: 6447:, "deliverance of mind," and 5126:(atta) is essential to Hindu 4481:. They are so different that 4210:is a concept associated with 3692:Other society-related topics: 1383:Upamāṇa (comparison, analogy) 15835:Hindu philosophical concepts 11445:, Cambridge University Press 11169:Jaini, Padmanabh S. (2000). 10991:Cambridge University Press. 10477:, Vol. 28, No. 4, pp 491–498 9450:Angelika Malinar (2011), in 9372:The Journal of Hindu Studies 9233:Sixty Upanishads of the Veda 9212:Sixty Upanishads of the Veda 9191:Sixty Upanishads of the Veda 9149:Sixty Upanishads of the Veda 8553:, Cambridge University Press 8487:also have the same meaning. 8429:The Kama Sutra of Vatsyayana 8261: 6062:Buddhist Paths to liberation 5611:(dualism) traditions define 5531:(lack of bias, dispassion), 5515:(calmness of mind), and (4) 5061:Kaivalya, a concept akin to 4962:replaced Vedic rituals with 4082: 3803:Hinduism and other religions 2600:Chandrashekarendra Saraswati 7: 15840:Jain philosophical concepts 11598:, Oxford University Press, 11555:Makransky, John J. (1997), 11443:An Introduction to Buddhism 11397:, Oxford University Press, 10725:The Foundations of Buddhism 9122:, Oxford University Press, 9059:, Oxford University Press, 8663:"Moksha (Indian religions)" 8091: 7934:Sikhism and other religions 7613: 7604: 7595: 6908:Uttaradhyayana (Śvetāmbara) 6684:Aparigraha (non-possession) 5775: 5133: 5024: 4909:Mokṣha is a key concept in 4760:– is a major theme in many 4093: 3922: 3548:Kamba Ramayanam/Ramavataram 3520:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 1248:Arishadvargas (six enemies) 1192:Antaḥkaraṇa (mental organs) 1187:Sūkṣma śarīra (subtle body) 493: 467: 445: 419: 393: 349: 327: 305: 283: 261: 239: 217: 195: 173: 151: 129: 107: 85: 63: 10: 15886: 15865:Sanskrit words and phrases 11613:Spiro, Melford E. (1982), 9949:. Routledge. p. 466. 9350:The Quest After Perfection 7277: 7110: 6894:Dravyasamgraha (Digambara) 6873:Pravachanasara (Digambara) 6503: 6473:Nirvana ends the cycle of 6424: 5740:Mokṣa in Balinese Hinduism 5640:as the means of achieving 5600:as the means of achieving 5560:(ignorance) by knowledge. 5545:(intentness, commitment). 5431: 4636: 4493:requires worldly thought, 4344:(liberation after death). 3989:and psychological senses, 3424:Naalayira Divya Prabandham 2104:Gurus, sants, philosophers 2040:Akshar Purushottam Darshan 1228:Uparati (self-settledness) 359:Glossary of Hinduism terms 18: 15754: 15727: 15699: 15681: 15665: 15647: 15609: 15600: 15573: 15550: 15532: 15504: 15486: 15468: 15433: 15380: 15291: 15280: 15248: 15190: 15147: 15129: 15089: 15078: 15051: 15018: 14970: 14888: 14860: 14849: 14761: 14588: 14553: 14379: 14314: 14221: 14148: 14141: 14040: 13943: 13934: 13842: 13728: 13685: 13652: 13570: 13544: 13516: 13507: 13486: 13477: 13466: 13385: 13254: 13245: 13224: 12707: 12506: 12306: 12275: 12190: 12105: 12036: 12029: 11973: 11885: 11877:Hindu genealogy registers 11834: 11728: 11707: 11416:, Bloomsbury Publishing, 9826:Martin Southwold (1983). 9799:K.N. Jayatilleke (2009). 9772:K.N. Jayatilleke (2009). 9745:K.N. Jayatilleke (2009). 9599:Jaini, Padmanabh (2000). 9412:(1958, Reprinted: 2009), 4059:. However, terms such as 3981:, the cycle of death and 3916: 2590:Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati 1243:Samadhana (concentration) 1107:Three paths to liberation 614:Tribal religions in India 599:Historical Vedic religion 594:Indus Valley Civilisation 515: 501: 482: 475: 460: 453: 434: 427: 408: 401: 382: 375: 368: 357: 342: 335: 320: 313: 298: 291: 276: 269: 254: 247: 232: 225: 210: 203: 188: 181: 166: 159: 144: 137: 122: 115: 100: 93: 78: 71: 52: 45: 37: 30: 13833:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 12485:Yoga Sutras of Patanjali 11565:Rahula, Walpola (2007), 11088:Jainism: An Introduction 10895:Mun-Keat Choong (1999). 10329:ISKCON Desire Tree | IDT 9919:Encyclopedia of Hinduism 9698:. PM Press. p. 74. 9273:Richard Leviton (2011), 9170:The Principal Upanishads 9057:A Dictionary of Hinduism 8972:Philosophy East and West 8638:Philosophy East and West 8505:22 February 2014 at the 8166: 7048:Parasparopagraho Jivanam 6901:Kalpa Sūtra (Śvetāmbara) 6691:Anuvratas (further vows) 5235:Sāmkhya, Yoga and mokṣha 5069:'s Yoga Sutra suggests: 4808:Evolution of the concept 4580:The Vaisnavas' challenge 4502:Adi Shankara's challenge 4360:As a state of perfection 4140:), or eschatologically ( 1419:, sacrifice, and charity 13912:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 12415:Samkhyapravachana Sutra 11594:Sharma, Arvind (2000), 11474:Jain, Vijay K. (2011), 11431:Harvey, Graham (2016), 11393:Cort, John E. (2001a), 11085:Jeffery D Long (2013). 10841:Steven Collins (1998). 10682:Steven Collins (2010). 10646:Steven Collins (2010). 10599:Thirty Minor Upanishads 10562:Thirty Minor Upanishads 10517:Thirty Minor Upanishads 10278:Brodd, Jeffrey (2003). 9565:Thirty Minor Upanishads 9275:Hierophantic Landscapes 9078:David Lorenzen (2004), 8659:Encyclopædia Britannica 8585:Encyclopedia Britannica 7417:Selected revered saints 6657:Mahavratas (major vows) 6082:Philosophical reasoning 5556:achievable by removing 5535:(endurance, patience), 5294:, encourages practice ( 5152:("state of Absolute"), 5087:(Sadhana Pada), 2:24–25 4268:(merit, good deeds) or 4214:(birth-rebirth cycle). 4162:paripurna-brahmanubhava 4114:Definition and meanings 3597:Thiruvilaiyadal Puranam 2810:Timeline of Hindu texts 2715:Siddharameshwar Maharaj 1743:Pumsavana Simantonayana 1398:Śabda (word, testimony) 636:Epic-Puranic chronology 604:Dravidian folk religion 21:Moksha (disambiguation) 13887:Eighteen Greater Texts 12151:Early Buddhist schools 11659:Quotations related to 11634:, Simon and Schuster, 11579:, Gauhati University, 11567:What the Buddha Taught 11441:Harvey, Peter (2013), 11115:Graham Harvey (2016). 10721:Rupert Gethin (1998). 10619:Anna Nettheim (2011), 10356:"Sanskrit Dictionary, 10310:Maharishi's Teaching, 9724:yogasutrasofpata00pata 9427:Sarah Strauss (2005), 9320:Linda Johnsen (2002), 9172:, Dover Publications, 9051:, See entry for Atman; 8076: 7911:Jathedar of Akal Takht 6955:Mahavir Janma Kalyanak 6866:Samayasāra (Digambara) 6679:Brahmacarya (chastity) 5849:Pre-sectarian Buddhism 5752:. The other four are: 5481:(samnyasin), suggests 5465:of Advaita Vedanta, a 5090: 5006: 4914: 4805: 4715:Svetasvatara Upanishad 4376: 4324:in Hinduism, suggests 4200: 3562:Eighteen Greater Texts 3191:Brahma Vaivarta Purana 2620:Krishnananda Saraswati 1859:Vijayadashami-Dussehra 1373:Pratyakṣa (perception) 1233:Titiksha (forbearance) 508: 15855:Religious terminology 14640:Hindu gurus and sants 13892:Eighteen Lesser Texts 11451:Jain, S. A. (1992) , 11412:Fohr, Sherry (2015), 10949:Edward Conze (2012). 10868:Peter Harvey (2013). 10422:Sharma, Chandradhar. 9862:Sue Hamilton (2000). 9692:Brian Morris (2015). 9648:Brian Morris (2006). 9348:M. Hiriyanna (1952), 9243:, pp 305–306, 322–325 9118:Chad Meister (2010), 9098:Richard King (1995), 8027: 6674:Asteya (non-stealing) 6664:Ahiṃsā (non-violence) 6483:. It is part of the 6117:Aids to Enlightenment 5942:Dependent Origination 5655:, defines avidya and 5071: 4984: 4924:In the Vedic period, 4908: 4896:J. A. B. van Buitenen 4778: 4462:Nagarjuna's challenge 4367: 4182: 4172:– an ancient book on 4075:is more prevalent in 3996:In Hindu traditions, 3967:, or release. In its 3678:Varna-related topics: 3569:Eighteen Lesser Texts 3142:Devi Bhagavata Purana 2033:Svabhavika Bhedabheda 2019:Achintya Bheda Abheda 1951:Philosophical schools 1253:Ahamkara (attachment) 1213:Vairagya (dispassion) 1141:Mokṣa-related topics: 15657:Happy hunting ground 15390:14 planetary systems 14630:Anti-Hindu sentiment 12589:Brihadratha Ikshvaku 12426:Sarvadarsanasangraha 12203:Acintya bheda abheda 11362:for the books listed 11250:, pp. 148, 200. 11223:, pp. 9–10, 37. 11142:Paul Dundas (2003). 11022:Paul Dundas (2003). 10254:Mishra, R.C (2013). 9584:, Chapter 18, pp 187 9374:, 1(1–2), pp 155–156 9258:John Bowker (1998), 8747:Mishra, R.C (2013). 7941:Sikhism and Hinduism 6833:Schools and Branches 6087:Devotional practices 5910:Noble Eightfold Path 5552:tradition considers 5288:asamprājñāta samādhi 4964:personal development 4826:complete abandonment 4426:is to magnify one's 4203:Eschatological sense 3810:Hinduism and Jainism 2740:Vethathiri Maharishi 2645:Nisargadatta Maharaj 1208:Viveka (discernment) 583:(500/200 BCE–300 CE) 517:Glossary of Buddhism 19:For other uses, see 15784:Mythological places 15033:Terrestrial Kingdom 14736:Hinduism by country 13902:Iraiyanar Akapporul 13862:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 12649:Dayananda Saraswati 12223:Nimbarka Sampradaya 12147:Buddhist philosophy 11575:Sarma, S N (1966), 11538:Motilal Banarsidass 11484:: Vikalp Printers, 11235:, pp. 141–147. 11051:, pp. 222–223. 10513:Tejobindu Upanishad 10428:. pp. 274–275. 9334:सरस्वतीरहस्योपनिषत् 9055:WJ Johnson (2009), 8289:on 22 February 2014 8078:Sikhism recommends 7971:Religion portal 7951:Sikhism and Jainism 7901:Nanakshahi calendar 7073:Religion portal 6763:The 24 Tirthankaras 6387:Buddhism portal 6260:Buddhism by country 6022:Sanskrit literature 5668:Mokṣha in this life 5298:) with detachment ( 5284:cittavrtti nirodhah 4855:in some schools of 4544:parallels those of 4432:. To magnify one's 4411:is thus a means to 3868:Hinduism portal 3747:Hinduism by country 3583:Iraiyanar Akapporul 3527:Tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai 2610:Dayananda Saraswati 2595:Bhaktivinoda Thakur 2501:Sripada Srivallabha 2441:Raghunatha Siromani 2406:Narasimha Saraswati 2306:Santadas Kathiababa 1378:Anumāṇa (inference) 15764:Existential planes 12260:Pashupata Shaivism 12090:Pashupata Shaivism 11751:Burial in Hinduism 11274:, p. 282–283. 8409:A. Sharma (1999), 8196:present participle 8013:concept of mukti ( 7655:Sikh Rehat Maryada 7622:Guru Maneyo Granth 7199:(liberation). The 6880:Agama (Śvetāmbara) 6481:Saṃsāra (Buddhism) 6431:Rebirth (Buddhism) 5874:Buddhist modernism 5760:(soul or spirit), 5651:tradition, led by 5483:Klaus Klostermaier 5428:Vedanta and mokṣha 5203:(stages of life). 4915: 4564:set in pursuit of 4377: 4326:Klaus Klostermaier 4110:(its destruction) 3762:Caribbean Shaktism 3481:Kanakadhara Stotra 2730:U. G. Krishnamurti 2710:Satyadhyana Tirtha 2301:Gangesha Upadhyaya 1959:Six Astika schools 1203:Ānanda (happiness) 1182:Anātman (non-self) 15817: 15816: 15794:Spirits in prison 15750: 15749: 15674:Land without evil 15596: 15595: 15276: 15275: 15074: 15073: 15066:World of Darkness 15038:Telestial Kingdom 15028:Celestial Kingdom 15010:Sidrat al-Muntaha 14808: 14807: 14584: 14583: 14137: 14136: 13930: 13929: 13844:Sangam literature 13800:Yājñavalkya Smṛti 13648: 13647: 13464: 13463: 13173: 13172: 13025:Pratītyasamutpāda 12186: 12185: 11967:Indian philosophy 11933: 11932: 11925:Dharmic religions 11547:978-81-208-1578-0 11524:978-0-520-03923-0 11491:978-81-903639-2-1 11423:978-1-4742-2756-8 11404:978-0-19-513234-2 11389: 11388: 11330:Guru Granth Sahib 11294:978-1-58340-469-0 11180:978-81-208-1691-6 11128:978-1-134-93690-8 11098:978-0-85773-656-7 10978:, pp. 75–76. 10962:978-0-486-17023-7 10935:978-0-231-15362-1 10908:978-81-208-1649-7 10881:978-1-136-78336-4 10854:978-0-521-57054-1 10827:978-0-19-532899-8 10804:, pp. 73–76. 10740:978-0-19-160671-7 10695:978-0-521-88198-2 10659:978-0-521-88198-2 10550:978-81-208-1467-7 10495:978-0-7914-2706-4 10289:978-0-88489-725-5 10235:, pp. 41–42) 10187:978-1-4419-8109-7 10113:978-1-4725-1151-5 10094:978-0-8264-9966-0 10053:978-0-7914-7082-4 10016:978-81-208-1468-4 10000:978-81-208-1468-4 9956:978-1-136-72129-8 9929:978-0-8160-7564-5 9902:978-1-119-14466-3 9875:978-0-7007-1280-9 9845:978-0-7190-0971-6 9812:978-955-24-0335-4 9785:978-955-24-0335-4 9758:978-955-24-0335-4 9705:978-1-60486-093-1 9683:978-1-4384-1406-5 9661:978-0-521-85241-8 9485:978-0-8264-9966-0 9464:978-1-4725-1151-5 9222:, pp 316, 319–325 9168:S. Nikhilananda, 9090:, pages 208–209, 8787:978-0-8264-9966-0 8568:978-0-8264-9966-0 8164: 8163: 8156: 8071:Guru Granth Sahib 8032:I desire neither 8019:Guru Granth Sahib 8007: 8006: 7946:Sikhism and Islam 7876:Nirgun and Sargun 7754:Guru Granth Sahib 7403:Guru Granth Sahib 7398:Guru Gobind Singh 7393:Guru Tegh Bahadur 7109: 7108: 6728:Micchami Dukkadam 6723:Bhaktamara Stotra 6652:Ethics of Jainism 6485:Four Noble Truths 6423: 6422: 5905:Four Noble Truths 5525:Brahmasutrabhasya 5519:(self restraint, 4719:Kathaka Upanishad 4458:were challenged. 4106:(attachment) and 3904: 3903: 3755:Balinese Hinduism 3254:Markandeya Purana 2491:Satyanatha Tirtha 2446:Raghuttama Tirtha 2436:Raghavendra Swami 2276:Ramdas Kathiababa 1357:Sources of dharma 1223:Dama (temperance) 1218:Sama (equanimity) 584: 522: 521: 364: 363: 15877: 15729:Ancient Egyptian 15629:Thirteen Heavens 15607: 15606: 15289: 15288: 15220:Asphodel Meadows 15087: 15086: 14858: 14857: 14835: 14828: 14821: 14812: 14811: 14798: 14797: 14788: 14778: 14777: 14767: 14766: 14677:Pilgrimage sites 14431:Ganesh Chaturthi 14146: 14145: 13941: 13940: 13922:Vedarthasamgraha 13917:Vinayagar Agaval 13882:Five Great Epics 13857:Divya Prabandham 13770:Minor Upanishads 13514: 13513: 13484: 13483: 13472: 13471: 13252: 13251: 13218: 13210: 13200: 13193: 13186: 13177: 13176: 12679:Satyakama Jabala 12614:Akshapada Gotama 12564:Gārgī Vāchaknavī 12544:Vāchaspati Misra 12402:Nyayakusumanjali 12336:Bhagavata Purana 12293:Radical Humanism 12265:Shaiva Siddhanta 12034: 12033: 12006:Vedic philosophy 11960: 11953: 11946: 11937: 11936: 11798:Ancestor worship 11690: 11683: 11676: 11667: 11666: 11658: 11644: 11618: 11608: 11589: 11570: 11560: 11550: 11527: 11507: 11500: 11499: 11480:(1st ed.), 11470: 11463: 11462: 11446: 11436: 11426: 11407: 11384: 11381: 11375: 11351: 11343: 11333: 11327: 11321: 11310: 11297: 11286: 11275: 11269: 11263: 11257: 11251: 11245: 11236: 11230: 11224: 11218: 11212: 11206: 11197: 11191: 11185: 11184: 11166: 11160: 11159: 11139: 11133: 11132: 11112: 11103: 11102: 11082: 11076: 11070: 11064: 11058: 11052: 11046: 11040: 11039: 11019: 11004: 10985: 10979: 10973: 10967: 10966: 10946: 10940: 10939: 10919: 10913: 10912: 10892: 10886: 10885: 10865: 10859: 10858: 10838: 10832: 10831: 10811: 10805: 10799: 10793: 10787: 10781: 10780:, p. 27-28. 10775: 10769: 10763: 10757: 10751: 10745: 10744: 10728: 10718: 10709: 10699: 10679: 10673: 10670: 10664: 10663: 10643: 10637: 10630: 10624: 10617: 10611: 10608: 10602: 10597:(Transl. 1914), 10594: 10588: 10558: 10552: 10542: 10536: 10526: 10520: 10509: 10503: 10484: 10478: 10471: 10465: 10454: 10448: 10445: 10439: 10436: 10430: 10429: 10419: 10413: 10412: 10410: 10408: 10399:. 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Some contrast 5398:Ekasarana dharma 5345: 5333: 5321: 5088: 5004: 5003:, 8th Century AD 4857:Hindu philosophy 4803: 4732: 4198: 4096: 3925: 3918: 3896: 3889: 3882: 3866: 3865: 3864: 3826:and Christianity 3796:Pilgrimage sites 3726:Reform movements 3604:Vinayagar Agaval 3555:Five Great Epics 3504:Tamil literature 3403:Sushruta Samhita 3198:Bhavishya Purana 3184:Brahmanda Purana 3135:Bhagavata Purana 3063:Other scriptures 2625:Mahavatar Babaji 2200:Satyakama Jabala 1871:Ganesh Chaturthi 1725:Rites of passage 1238:Shraddha (faith) 656:Major traditions 582: 547: 524: 523: 511: 496: 485: 484: 470: 463: 462: 448: 437: 436: 422: 411: 410: 396: 385: 384: 366: 365: 352: 345: 344: 330: 323: 322: 308: 301: 300: 286: 279: 278: 264: 257: 256: 242: 235: 234: 220: 213: 212: 198: 191: 190: 176: 169: 168: 154: 147: 146: 132: 125: 124: 110: 103: 102: 88: 81: 80: 66: 55: 54: 28: 27: 15885: 15884: 15880: 15879: 15878: 15876: 15875: 15874: 15820: 15819: 15818: 15813: 15746: 15723: 15695: 15677: 15661: 15643: 15592: 15569: 15546: 15528: 15500: 15482: 15464: 15429: 15376: 15283: 15272: 15244: 15240:Fortunate Isles 15186: 15143: 15125: 15081: 15070: 15047: 15014: 14966: 14884: 14852: 14845: 14839: 14809: 14804: 14771: 14757: 14580: 14549: 14540:Vasant Panchami 14474:Pahela Baishakh 14456:Makar Sankranti 14375: 14310: 14217: 14133: 14036: 13926: 13907:Abhirami Antati 13877:Kamba Ramayanam 13838: 13724: 13681: 13644: 13566: 13540: 13503: 13473: 13460: 13444:Vishishtadvaita 13381: 13241: 13220: 13204: 13174: 13169: 12995:Parameshashakti 12703: 12639:Ramana Maharshi 12524:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 12502: 12468:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 12442:Tattvacintāmaṇi 12315:Abhinavabharati 12302: 12271: 12245:Sikh Philosophy 12233:Vishishtadvaita 12182: 12101: 12025: 11969: 11964: 11934: 11929: 11881: 11830: 11819:Jathera or Dhok 11746:Cremation ghats 11724: 11703: 11694: 11652: 11642: 11626: 11624:Further reading 11606: 11587: 11548: 11525: 11497: 11492: 11460: 11424: 11405: 11385: 11379: 11376: 11365: 11352: 11341: 11336: 11328: 11324: 11311: 11300: 11287: 11278: 11270: 11266: 11258: 11254: 11246: 11239: 11231: 11227: 11219: 11215: 11211:, pp. 6–7. 11207: 11200: 11192: 11188: 11181: 11167: 11163: 11156: 11140: 11136: 11129: 11113: 11106: 11099: 11083: 11079: 11071: 11067: 11059: 11055: 11047: 11043: 11036: 11020: 11007: 10986: 10982: 10974: 10970: 10963: 10947: 10943: 10936: 10920: 10916: 10909: 10893: 10889: 10882: 10866: 10862: 10855: 10839: 10835: 10828: 10812: 10808: 10800: 10796: 10788: 10784: 10776: 10772: 10764: 10760: 10752: 10748: 10741: 10719: 10712: 10696: 10680: 10676: 10671: 10667: 10660: 10644: 10640: 10631: 10627: 10618: 10614: 10609: 10605: 10595: 10591: 10559: 10555: 10543: 10539: 10527: 10523: 10510: 10506: 10485: 10481: 10472: 10468: 10455: 10451: 10446: 10442: 10437: 10433: 10420: 10416: 10406: 10404: 10391: 10390: 10379: 10369: 10367: 10354: 10353: 10344: 10334: 10332: 10323: 10322: 10318: 10308: 10297: 10290: 10280:World Religions 10276: 10272: 10267: 10263: 10252: 10248: 10243: 10239: 10230: 10226: 10213: 10204: 10199: 10195: 10152: 10148: 10135: 10131: 10126: 10119: 10106: 10099: 10087: 10076: 10063: 10059: 10026: 10022: 10009: 10005: 9990: 9986: 9973: 9964: 9957: 9941: 9937: 9930: 9914: 9910: 9903: 9887: 9883: 9876: 9860: 9853: 9846: 9824: 9820: 9813: 9797: 9793: 9786: 9770: 9766: 9759: 9743: 9739: 9717: 9713: 9706: 9688: 9684: 9666: 9662: 9644: 9637: 9632: 9623: 9611: 9597: 9588: 9575: 9571: 9558: 9554: 9545: 9541: 9524: 9520: 9510:Madhavananda's 9507:(2011 Edition); 9495: 9491: 9474: 9470: 9452:Jessica Frazier 9449: 9445: 9405: 9401: 9387:Theory of Value 9384: 9380: 9357:Theory of Value 9344: 9340: 9319: 9315: 9307: 9303: 9295: 9291: 9254: 9247: 9230: 9226: 9209: 9205: 9188: 9184: 9167: 9163: 9146: 9142: 9115: 9095: 9080:The Hindu World 9075: 9071: 9052: 9040: 9029: 9025: 9009: 9005: 9000: 8996: 8982: 8978: 8969: 8962: 8946: 8942: 8937: 8928: 8923: 8919: 8914: 8907: 8902: 8895: 8889: 8885: 8872: 8868: 8855: 8851: 8846: 8833: 8820: 8816: 8811: 8798: 8777: 8773: 8760: 8756: 8745: 8738: 8729: 8725: 8715:Madhavananda's 8712:(2011 Edition); 8700: 8696: 8672: 8668: 8653: 8644: 8635: 8616: 8603: 8599: 8589: 8587: 8579: 8578: 8574: 8561: 8557: 8544: 8540: 8519: 8512: 8507:Wayback Machine 8478: 8474: 8441: 8437: 8394: 8390: 8384: 8380: 8340: 8336: 8328: 8319: 8306: 8302: 8292: 8290: 8273: 8272: 8268: 8264: 8259: 8255:) is Nibbana.'" 8246: 8236: 8234: 8232: 8231:Ending rebirth: 8230: 8226: 8184:sat-chit-ananda 8177: 8173: 8169: 8160: 8149: 8143: 8140: 8129: 8123:has an unclear 8117: 8113: 8106: 8094: 8088:(Name of God). 8075: 8069: 8066: 8059: 8053: 8031: 8003: 7963: 7956: 7955: 7936: 7933: 7926: 7925: 7851: 7846: 7839: 7838: 7809:Harmandir Sahib 7799: 7795: 7789: 7781: 7780: 7748: 7744: 7736: 7735: 7650: 7646: 7638: 7637: 7582: 7578: 7570: 7569: 7440:Bhagat Ramanand 7420: 7416: 7408: 7407: 7348: 7344: 7280: 7254:Samyak charitra 7233:just like men. 7115: 7105: 7065: 7058: 7057: 7023: 7022: 7013: 7012: 6980: 6979: 6970: 6969: 6945: 6944: 6935: 6934: 6860: 6859: 6857:Jain literature 6848: 6847: 6830: 6829: 6820: 6819: 6758: 6757: 6748: 6747: 6738:Ṇamōkāra mantra 6718: 6717: 6708: 6707: 6649: 6648: 6639: 6638: 6569: 6568: 6506: 6433: 6425:Main articles: 6419: 6379: 6372: 6371: 6262: 6252: 6251: 6202: 6192: 6191: 6157: 6147: 6146: 6052: 6042: 6041: 6012:Mahayana Sutras 5992: 5982: 5981: 5922:Five Aggregates 5900: 5899: 5879: 5878: 5869:Later Buddhists 5834: 5778: 5748:as one of five 5742: 5670: 5489:Vivekachudamani 5440:Advaita Vedanta 5436: 5430: 5362: 5361: 5360: 5359: 5351: 5350: 5349: 5346: 5338: 5337: 5334: 5326: 5325: 5322: 5237: 5142:. For example, 5136: 5089: 5083: 5080: 5077: 5075: 5027: 5005: 5001:Vivekachudamani 4999: 4996: 4993: 4991: 4990: 4988: 4978:in his book on 4816:, according to 4812:The concept of 4810: 4804: 4801: 4798: 4795: 4793: 4791: 4789: 4788: 4786: 4784: 4782: 4746: 4745: 4744: 4743: 4735: 4734: 4733: 4670:Katha Upanishad 4641:The concept of 4639: 4582: 4554:anthropocentric 4504: 4464: 4369:Gajendra Moksha 4362: 4308: 4205: 4199: 4196: 4193: 4190: 4188: 4186: 4170:Vivekachudamani 4116: 4085: 3987:epistemological 3945:, is a term in 3927:), also called 3900: 3862: 3860: 3841: 3840: 3834: 3804: 3770: 3749: 3741: 3731: 3730: 3693: 3626: 3618: 3610: 3609: 3506: 3474: 3396:Charaka Samhita 3375:Vaiśeṣika Sūtra 3333:Shilpa Shastras 3312: 3265: 3149:Naradiya Purana 3121: 3116: 3091: 3065: 3024: 2888: 2820: 2804: 2773: 2765: 2755: 2754: 2700:Shirdi Sai Baba 2695:Sathya Sai Baba 2675:Ramana Maharshi 2579: 2546:Vadiraja Tirtha 2541:Vācaspati Miśra 2421:Srinivasacharya 2401:Narahari Tirtha 2381:Matsyendranatha 2366:Kumārila Bhaṭṭa 2331:Jagannatha Dasa 2321:Haridasa Thakur 2235: 2114: 2106: 2096: 2095: 2051: 2012:Vishishtadvaita 1961: 1953: 1943: 1942: 1896:Makar Sankranti 1876:Vasant Panchami 1839:Maha Shivaratri 1823: 1727: 1636: 1570: 1539: 1420: 1411: 1403: 1402: 1367: 1261: 1198:Prajña (wisdom) 1194: 1171: 1135: 1109: 1078: 1047: 1045:Meaning of life 1032:God in Hinduism 1021: 985: 983:Supreme reality 960:Subtle elements 949: 930: 924: 914: 913: 769: 738: 712: 704: 694: 693: 690: 657: 651: 641: 640: 585: 580:Hindu synthesis 576: 571: 486: 464: 438: 412: 386: 370: 369:Translations of 346: 324: 302: 280: 258: 236: 214: 192: 170: 148: 126: 104: 82: 56: 32: 31:Translations of 24: 17: 12: 11: 5: 15883: 15873: 15872: 15870:Mystical union 15867: 15862: 15857: 15852: 15847: 15842: 15837: 15832: 15815: 15814: 15812: 15811: 15806: 15801: 15796: 15791: 15786: 15781: 15776: 15771: 15766: 15761: 15755: 15752: 15751: 15748: 15747: 15745: 15744: 15739: 15733: 15731: 15725: 15724: 15722: 15721: 15716: 15711: 15705: 15703: 15697: 15696: 15694: 15693: 15691:The Summerland 15687: 15685: 15679: 15678: 15676: 15675: 15671: 15669: 15663: 15662: 15660: 15659: 15653: 15651: 15649:Plains Indians 15645: 15644: 15642: 15641: 15636: 15631: 15626: 15621: 15615: 15613: 15604: 15598: 15597: 15594: 15593: 15591: 15590: 15585: 15579: 15577: 15571: 15570: 15568: 15567: 15562: 15560:Chinvat Bridge 15556: 15554: 15552:Zoroastrianism 15548: 15547: 15545: 15544: 15538: 15536: 15530: 15529: 15527: 15526: 15521: 15516: 15510: 15508: 15502: 15501: 15499: 15498: 15496:Grotto-heavens 15492: 15490: 15484: 15483: 15481: 15480: 15474: 15472: 15466: 15465: 15463: 15462: 15461: 15460: 15455: 15450: 15439: 15437: 15431: 15430: 15428: 15427: 15422: 15417: 15412: 15407: 15402: 15397: 15392: 15386: 15384: 15378: 15377: 15375: 15374: 15373: 15372: 15362: 15357: 15355:Formless Realm 15352: 15351: 15350: 15340: 15339: 15338: 15333: 15328: 15323: 15318: 15313: 15308: 15297: 15295: 15286: 15278: 15277: 15274: 15273: 15271: 15270: 15265: 15260: 15254: 15252: 15246: 15245: 15243: 15242: 15237: 15232: 15227: 15222: 15217: 15212: 15207: 15202: 15196: 15194: 15188: 15187: 15185: 15184: 15179: 15174: 15169: 15164: 15159: 15153: 15151: 15145: 15144: 15142: 15141: 15135: 15133: 15127: 15126: 15124: 15123: 15122: 15121: 15116: 15111: 15106: 15095: 15093: 15084: 15076: 15075: 15072: 15071: 15069: 15068: 15063: 15061:World of Light 15057: 15055: 15049: 15048: 15046: 15045: 15040: 15035: 15030: 15024: 15022: 15016: 15015: 15013: 15012: 15007: 15002: 14997: 14992: 14987: 14982: 14976: 14974: 14968: 14967: 14965: 14964: 14959: 14954: 14949: 14944: 14939: 14937:Garden of Eden 14934: 14932:Kingdom of God 14929: 14928: 14927: 14917: 14916: 14915: 14910: 14905: 14894: 14892: 14886: 14885: 14883: 14882: 14877: 14872: 14866: 14864: 14855: 14847: 14846: 14838: 14837: 14830: 14823: 14815: 14806: 14805: 14803: 14802: 14792: 14782: 14762: 14759: 14758: 14756: 14755: 14754: 14753: 14748: 14738: 14733: 14728: 14727: 14726: 14721: 14716: 14711: 14706: 14701: 14696: 14686: 14685: 14684: 14674: 14669: 14668: 14667: 14657: 14652: 14647: 14642: 14637: 14632: 14627: 14622: 14617: 14612: 14611: 14610: 14605: 14594: 14592: 14586: 14585: 14582: 14581: 14579: 14578: 14573: 14568: 14563: 14557: 14555: 14551: 14550: 14548: 14547: 14542: 14537: 14532: 14526: 14525: 14524: 14523: 14518: 14513: 14508: 14498: 14497: 14496: 14491: 14486: 14481: 14476: 14471: 14466: 14458: 14453: 14448: 14443: 14438: 14433: 14428: 14427: 14426: 14421: 14416: 14406: 14404:Raksha Bandhan 14401: 14396: 14391: 14385: 14383: 14377: 14376: 14374: 14373: 14372: 14371: 14366: 14361: 14356: 14346: 14345: 14344: 14339: 14334: 14329: 14318: 14316: 14312: 14311: 14309: 14308: 14303: 14298: 14293: 14288: 14283: 14278: 14273: 14268: 14263: 14258: 14253: 14248: 14243: 14238: 14233: 14227: 14225: 14219: 14218: 14216: 14215: 14210: 14205: 14200: 14195: 14190: 14185: 14180: 14175: 14170: 14165: 14160: 14154: 14152: 14143: 14139: 14138: 14135: 14134: 14132: 14131: 14124: 14119: 14114: 14109: 14104: 14099: 14094: 14089: 14084: 14079: 14074: 14069: 14068: 14067: 14062: 14057: 14046: 14044: 14038: 14037: 14035: 14034: 14027: 14022: 14017: 14012: 14007: 14002: 13997: 13992: 13987: 13982: 13977: 13972: 13971: 13970: 13965: 13960: 13949: 13947: 13938: 13932: 13931: 13928: 13927: 13925: 13924: 13919: 13914: 13909: 13904: 13899: 13894: 13889: 13884: 13879: 13874: 13869: 13864: 13859: 13854: 13848: 13846: 13840: 13839: 13837: 13836: 13829: 13824: 13819: 13814: 13809: 13804: 13803: 13802: 13797: 13792: 13782: 13777: 13772: 13767: 13762: 13761: 13760: 13755: 13745: 13740: 13734: 13732: 13726: 13725: 13723: 13722: 13717: 13712: 13707: 13702: 13697: 13691: 13689: 13683: 13682: 13680: 13679: 13674: 13669: 13664: 13658: 13656: 13650: 13649: 13646: 13645: 13643: 13642: 13637: 13632: 13627: 13622: 13617: 13615:Shvetashvatara 13612: 13607: 13602: 13597: 13592: 13590:Brihadaranyaka 13587: 13582: 13576: 13574: 13568: 13567: 13565: 13564: 13559: 13554: 13548: 13546: 13542: 13541: 13539: 13538: 13533: 13528: 13523: 13517: 13511: 13505: 13504: 13502: 13501: 13496: 13490: 13488: 13487:Classification 13481: 13475: 13474: 13467: 13465: 13462: 13461: 13459: 13458: 13449: 13448: 13447: 13440: 13433: 13421: 13416: 13411: 13406: 13401: 13391: 13389: 13383: 13382: 13380: 13379: 13378: 13377: 13372: 13367: 13362: 13357: 13352: 13347: 13342: 13337: 13326: 13325: 13324: 13323: 13318: 13313: 13308: 13297: 13296: 13291: 13286: 13281: 13276: 13271: 13266: 13260: 13258: 13249: 13243: 13242: 13240: 13239: 13234: 13231: 13225: 13222: 13221: 13203: 13202: 13195: 13188: 13180: 13171: 13170: 13168: 13167: 13162: 13157: 13152: 13147: 13142: 13137: 13132: 13127: 13122: 13117: 13112: 13107: 13102: 13097: 13092: 13087: 13082: 13077: 13072: 13070:Shabda Brahman 13067: 13062: 13057: 13052: 13047: 13042: 13037: 13032: 13027: 13022: 13020:Pratibimbavada 13017: 13012: 13007: 13002: 12997: 12992: 12987: 12982: 12977: 12972: 12967: 12962: 12957: 12952: 12947: 12942: 12937: 12932: 12927: 12922: 12917: 12912: 12907: 12902: 12897: 12892: 12887: 12882: 12877: 12872: 12867: 12862: 12857: 12852: 12847: 12842: 12837: 12832: 12827: 12822: 12817: 12812: 12807: 12802: 12797: 12792: 12787: 12782: 12777: 12772: 12767: 12762: 12757: 12752: 12747: 12742: 12737: 12732: 12727: 12722: 12717: 12711: 12709: 12705: 12704: 12702: 12701: 12696: 12691: 12686: 12681: 12676: 12671: 12666: 12661: 12659:Vedanta Desika 12656: 12651: 12646: 12641: 12636: 12631: 12626: 12621: 12616: 12611: 12606: 12601: 12596: 12591: 12586: 12581: 12576: 12571: 12566: 12561: 12556: 12554:Gautama Buddha 12551: 12549:Uddalaka Aruni 12546: 12541: 12536: 12531: 12526: 12521: 12516: 12510: 12508: 12504: 12503: 12501: 12500: 12495: 12488: 12481: 12476: 12471: 12464: 12463: 12462: 12452: 12445: 12438: 12436:Tarka-Sangraha 12433: 12428: 12423: 12418: 12411: 12404: 12399: 12394: 12393: 12392: 12387: 12379:Mimamsa Sutras 12375: 12368: 12363: 12358: 12351: 12349:Buddhist texts 12346: 12339: 12332: 12325: 12318: 12310: 12308: 12304: 12303: 12301: 12300: 12295: 12290: 12285: 12279: 12277: 12273: 12272: 12270: 12269: 12268: 12267: 12262: 12257: 12247: 12242: 12237: 12236: 12235: 12230: 12225: 12220: 12215: 12210: 12205: 12194: 12192: 12188: 12187: 12184: 12183: 12181: 12180: 12179: 12178: 12173: 12168: 12163: 12158: 12144: 12143: 12142: 12137: 12127: 12122: 12117: 12111: 12109: 12103: 12102: 12100: 12099: 12094: 12093: 12092: 12087: 12077: 12072: 12067: 12062: 12057: 12052: 12042: 12040: 12031: 12027: 12026: 12024: 12023: 12018: 12013: 12008: 12003: 11998: 11993: 11988: 11983: 11977: 11975: 11971: 11970: 11963: 11962: 11955: 11948: 11940: 11931: 11930: 11928: 11927: 11922: 11917: 11912: 11911: 11910: 11905: 11895: 11889: 11887: 11883: 11882: 11880: 11879: 11874: 11869: 11864: 11859: 11854: 11849: 11844: 11838: 11836: 11832: 11831: 11829: 11828: 11827: 11826: 11821: 11816: 11811: 11806: 11801: 11787: 11782: 11777: 11765: 11764: 11763: 11758: 11753: 11748: 11732: 11730: 11726: 11725: 11723: 11722: 11717: 11711: 11709: 11705: 11704: 11693: 11692: 11685: 11678: 11670: 11651: 11650:External links 11648: 11647: 11646: 11640: 11625: 11622: 11621: 11620: 11610: 11605:978-0195644418 11604: 11591: 11586:978-8173310263 11585: 11572: 11562: 11552: 11546: 11529: 11523: 11508: 11490: 11471: 11448: 11438: 11428: 11422: 11409: 11403: 11387: 11386: 11355: 11353: 11346: 11340: 11337: 11335: 11334: 11322: 11318:978-8170102458 11298: 11276: 11264: 11252: 11237: 11225: 11213: 11198: 11186: 11179: 11161: 11155:978-0415266055 11154: 11134: 11127: 11104: 11097: 11077: 11075:, p. 225. 11065: 11063:, p. 226. 11053: 11041: 11035:978-0415266055 11034: 11005: 10980: 10968: 10961: 10941: 10934: 10914: 10907: 10887: 10880: 10860: 10853: 10833: 10826: 10806: 10794: 10782: 10778:Makransky 1997 10770: 10758: 10746: 10739: 10710: 10694: 10674: 10665: 10658: 10638: 10625: 10612: 10603: 10589: 10587: 10586: 10576: 10573:978-0911206265 10553: 10537: 10521: 10504: 10502: 10501: 10498: 10479: 10466: 10462:978-8180695957 10449: 10440: 10431: 10414: 10403:on 1 July 2017 10377: 10366:on 10 May 2013 10342: 10331:. 8 March 2010 10316: 10295: 10288: 10270: 10261: 10246: 10237: 10224: 10220:978-0824802714 10202: 10193: 10191: 10190: 10179: 10168: 10165: 10146: 10129: 10117: 10097: 10074: 10072: 10071: 10068: 10057: 10020: 10003: 9984: 9980:978-0195644418 9962: 9955: 9935: 9928: 9908: 9901: 9881: 9874: 9851: 9844: 9818: 9811: 9791: 9784: 9764: 9757: 9737: 9733:978-8176257091 9711: 9704: 9682: 9660: 9635: 9621: 9609: 9586: 9582:978-8176257091 9569: 9552: 9539: 9535:978-0873959902 9518: 9516: 9515: 9508: 9505:978-0979726743 9489: 9468: 9443: 9441: 9440: 9425: 9422:978-0691142036 9399: 9378: 9376: 9375: 9368: 9365:978-0815336129 9353: 9338: 9330:978-0936663289 9313: 9301: 9289: 9287: 9286: 9283:978-1462054145 9271: 9268:978-1855671010 9245: 9241:978-0842616454 9231:Paul Deussen, 9224: 9220:978-0842616454 9210:Paul Deussen, 9203: 9199:978-0842616454 9189:Paul Deussen, 9182: 9178:978-0486427171 9161: 9157:978-0842616454 9147:Paul Deussen, 9140: 9128:978-0195340136 9108:978-0791425138 9069: 9065:978-0198610250 9049:978-0192800947 9023: 9019:978-0842616454 9003: 8994: 8992: 8991: 8987: 8976: 8960: 8958: 8957: 8954: 8951: 8940: 8926: 8917: 8905: 8893: 8883: 8881: 8880: 8877: 8866: 8864: 8863: 8860: 8849: 8831: 8814: 8796: 8794: 8793: 8790: 8771: 8754: 8736: 8723: 8721: 8720: 8713: 8710:978-0979726743 8694: 8692: 8691: 8688: 8685:978-8120810983 8677: 8666: 8642: 8614: 8610:978-8120813304 8597: 8572: 8555: 8551:978-0521859424 8538: 8536: 8535: 8532:978-0739106921 8524: 8510: 8472: 8470: 8469: 8466:978-8120807792 8458: 8455:978-1896209302 8435: 8433: 8432: 8425: 8414: 8407: 8388: 8378: 8376: 8375: 8372:978-0791446157 8364: 8361:978-0739106921 8353: 8334: 8332:, p. 113. 8317: 8313:978-0192139658 8300: 8265: 8263: 8260: 8258: 8257: 8224: 8222: 8221: 8215: 8203: 8170: 8168: 8165: 8162: 8161: 8125:citation style 8120: 8118: 8111: 8105: 8102: 8101: 8100: 8093: 8090: 8067: 8028: 8005: 8004: 8002: 8001: 7994: 7987: 7979: 7976: 7975: 7974: 7973: 7958: 7957: 7954: 7953: 7948: 7943: 7937: 7932: 7931: 7928: 7927: 7924: 7923: 7918: 7913: 7908: 7903: 7898: 7893: 7888: 7883: 7878: 7873: 7868: 7863: 7858: 7852: 7848:General topics 7845: 7844: 7841: 7840: 7837: 7836: 7831: 7826: 7821: 7819:Keshgarh Sahib 7816: 7811: 7806: 7800: 7787: 7786: 7783: 7782: 7779: 7778: 7771: 7768:Sarbloh Granth 7764: 7757: 7749: 7742: 7741: 7738: 7737: 7734: 7733: 7728: 7723: 7718: 7713: 7707: 7702: 7697: 7692: 7687: 7682: 7677: 7672: 7667: 7662: 7657: 7651: 7644: 7643: 7640: 7639: 7636: 7635: 7630: 7625: 7618: 7609: 7600: 7591: 7583: 7576: 7575: 7572: 7571: 7568: 7567: 7562: 7557: 7552: 7547: 7542: 7537: 7532: 7527: 7522: 7517: 7512: 7507: 7502: 7497: 7492: 7487: 7482: 7477: 7472: 7467: 7462: 7460:Bhagat Bhikhan 7457: 7455:Bhagat Sadhana 7452: 7447: 7442: 7437: 7432: 7430:Bhagat Ravidas 7427: 7421: 7414: 7413: 7410: 7409: 7406: 7405: 7400: 7395: 7390: 7385: 7380: 7378:Guru Hargobind 7375: 7370: 7365: 7360: 7355: 7349: 7342: 7341: 7338: 7337: 7336: 7335: 7330: 7325: 7320: 7315: 7307: 7306: 7298: 7297: 7291: 7290: 7279: 7276: 7238:Samyak darśana 7111:Main article: 7107: 7106: 7104: 7103: 7096: 7089: 7081: 7078: 7077: 7076: 7075: 7060: 7059: 7056: 7055: 7050: 7045: 7040: 7035: 7030: 7024: 7020: 7019: 7018: 7015: 7014: 7011: 7010: 7005: 7000: 6995: 6990: 6981: 6977: 6976: 6975: 6972: 6971: 6968: 6967: 6962: 6957: 6952: 6946: 6942: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6933: 6932: 6925: 6922:Silappatikaram 6918: 6911: 6904: 6897: 6890: 6883: 6876: 6869: 6861: 6855: 6854: 6853: 6850: 6849: 6846: 6845: 6840: 6831: 6827: 6826: 6825: 6822: 6821: 6818: 6817: 6812: 6807: 6802: 6797: 6792: 6787: 6780: 6775: 6770: 6765: 6759: 6755: 6754: 6753: 6750: 6749: 6746: 6745: 6740: 6735: 6730: 6725: 6719: 6715: 6714: 6713: 6710: 6709: 6706: 6705: 6700: 6694: 6693: 6687: 6686: 6681: 6676: 6671: 6666: 6660: 6659: 6650: 6646: 6645: 6644: 6641: 6640: 6637: 6636: 6631: 6626: 6621: 6616: 6611: 6606: 6601: 6596: 6591: 6586: 6581: 6576: 6570: 6564: 6563: 6562: 6559: 6558: 6557: 6556: 6551: 6546: 6541: 6533: 6532: 6524: 6523: 6517: 6516: 6505: 6502: 6421: 6420: 6418: 6417: 6410: 6403: 6395: 6392: 6391: 6390: 6389: 6374: 6373: 6370: 6369: 6364: 6359: 6354: 6349: 6344: 6339: 6334: 6329: 6324: 6319: 6314: 6309: 6304: 6299: 6294: 6289: 6284: 6279: 6274: 6269: 6263: 6258: 6257: 6254: 6253: 6250: 6249: 6244: 6239: 6234: 6229: 6224: 6219: 6214: 6209: 6203: 6198: 6197: 6194: 6193: 6190: 6189: 6184: 6179: 6177:Pratyekabuddha 6174: 6169: 6164: 6158: 6153: 6152: 6149: 6148: 6145: 6144: 6139: 6134: 6132:Buddhist chant 6129: 6124: 6119: 6114: 6109: 6104: 6099: 6094: 6089: 6084: 6079: 6074: 6069: 6064: 6059: 6053: 6048: 6047: 6044: 6043: 6040: 6039: 6034: 6029: 6024: 6019: 6014: 6009: 6004: 5999: 5993: 5990:Buddhist texts 5988: 5987: 5984: 5983: 5980: 5979: 5974: 5969: 5964: 5959: 5954: 5949: 5944: 5939: 5934: 5929: 5924: 5919: 5918: 5917: 5907: 5901: 5898: 5897: 5892: 5886: 5885: 5884: 5881: 5880: 5877: 5876: 5871: 5866: 5861: 5856: 5851: 5846: 5841: 5835: 5830: 5829: 5826: 5825: 5824: 5823: 5818: 5813: 5805: 5804: 5796: 5795: 5789: 5788: 5777: 5774: 5741: 5738: 5733: 5732: 5729: 5726: 5722: 5719: 5716: 5713: 5710: 5707: 5704: 5669: 5666: 5649:Vishistadvaita 5444:Vishistadvaita 5432:Main article: 5429: 5426: 5353: 5352: 5347: 5340: 5339: 5335: 5328: 5327: 5323: 5316: 5315: 5314: 5313: 5312: 5236: 5233: 5182:soteriological 5135: 5132: 5081: 5072: 5026: 5023: 4997: 4985: 4818:Daniel Ingalls 4809: 4806: 4799: 4779: 4737: 4736: 4727: 4726: 4725: 4724: 4723: 4638: 4635: 4611:Daniel Ingalls 4581: 4578: 4503: 4500: 4463: 4460: 4381:Daniel Ingalls 4361: 4358: 4307: 4304: 4260:soteriological 4256:Eschatological 4204: 4201: 4194: 4183: 4115: 4112: 4084: 4081: 3973:eschatological 3969:soteriological 3902: 3901: 3899: 3898: 3891: 3884: 3876: 3873: 3872: 3871: 3870: 3857: 3856: 3851: 3843: 3842: 3839: 3838: 3832: 3806: 3805: 3802: 3799: 3798: 3793: 3788: 3783: 3778: 3772: 3771: 3768: 3765: 3764: 3758: 3757: 3751: 3750: 3745: 3742: 3737: 3736: 3733: 3732: 3729: 3728: 3723: 3718: 3713: 3708: 3707: 3706: 3699:Discrimination 3695: 3694: 3691: 3688: 3687: 3681: 3680: 3674: 3673: 3667: 3666: 3657: 3656: 3651: 3646: 3641: 3635: 3634: 3628: 3627: 3622: 3619: 3616: 3615: 3612: 3611: 3608: 3607: 3600: 3593: 3590:Abirami Antati 3586: 3579: 3572: 3565: 3558: 3551: 3544: 3537: 3530: 3523: 3516: 3508: 3507: 3502: 3499: 3498: 3491: 3484: 3476: 3475: 3466: 3463: 3462: 3455: 3448: 3441: 3438:Ramcharitmanas 3434: 3427: 3420: 3413: 3406: 3399: 3392: 3389:Pramana Sutras 3385: 3378: 3371: 3364: 3361:Mimamsa Sutras 3357: 3354:Samkhya Sutras 3350: 3343: 3336: 3329: 3322: 3319:Dharma Shastra 3314: 3313: 3300: 3297: 3296: 3289: 3282: 3275: 3267: 3266: 3261: 3258: 3257: 3250: 3243: 3236: 3229: 3222: 3215: 3208: 3201: 3194: 3187: 3180: 3173: 3166: 3159: 3152: 3145: 3138: 3131: 3123: 3122: 3117: 3112: 3109: 3108: 3101: 3093: 3092: 3087: 3084: 3083: 3075: 3067: 3066: 3061: 3058: 3057: 3052: 3047: 3042: 3037: 3032: 3026: 3025: 3020: 3017: 3016: 3009: 3002: 2994: 2993: 2987: 2986: 2979: 2971: 2970: 2964: 2963: 2956: 2953:Shvetashvatara 2949: 2942: 2935: 2928: 2925:Brihadaranyaka 2920: 2919: 2913: 2912: 2905: 2897: 2896: 2890: 2889: 2884: 2881: 2880: 2875: 2870: 2865: 2859: 2858: 2852: 2851: 2844: 2837: 2830: 2822: 2821: 2816: 2813: 2812: 2806: 2805: 2800: 2797: 2796: 2791: 2786: 2781: 2775: 2774: 2769: 2766: 2761: 2760: 2757: 2756: 2753: 2752: 2747: 2742: 2737: 2735:Upasni Maharaj 2732: 2727: 2722: 2717: 2712: 2707: 2702: 2697: 2692: 2687: 2682: 2677: 2672: 2667: 2662: 2657: 2652: 2647: 2642: 2637: 2632: 2627: 2622: 2617: 2612: 2607: 2602: 2597: 2592: 2587: 2581: 2580: 2577: 2574: 2573: 2568: 2563: 2561:Vedanta Desika 2558: 2553: 2548: 2543: 2538: 2533: 2528: 2523: 2518: 2513: 2508: 2503: 2498: 2493: 2488: 2483: 2481:Samarth Ramdas 2478: 2473: 2468: 2463: 2458: 2453: 2448: 2443: 2438: 2433: 2431:Purandara Dasa 2428: 2423: 2418: 2416:Nimbarkacharya 2413: 2408: 2403: 2398: 2393: 2388: 2383: 2378: 2373: 2368: 2363: 2358: 2353: 2348: 2343: 2338: 2336:Jayanta Bhatta 2333: 2328: 2323: 2318: 2313: 2308: 2303: 2298: 2293: 2288: 2283: 2278: 2273: 2268: 2263: 2258: 2253: 2248: 2243: 2237: 2236: 2231: 2228: 2227: 2222: 2217: 2212: 2207: 2202: 2197: 2192: 2187: 2182: 2177: 2172: 2167: 2162: 2157: 2152: 2147: 2142: 2137: 2132: 2127: 2122: 2116: 2115: 2110: 2107: 2102: 2101: 2098: 2097: 2094: 2093: 2088: 2087: 2086: 2076: 2075: 2074: 2069: 2064: 2053: 2052: 2049: 2046: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2036: 2029: 2022: 2015: 2008: 2001: 1989: 1984: 1979: 1974: 1969: 1963: 1962: 1957: 1954: 1949: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1941: 1940: 1935: 1934: 1933: 1928: 1923: 1913: 1908: 1903: 1898: 1893: 1888: 1883: 1878: 1873: 1868: 1866:Raksha Bandhan 1863: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1851: 1841: 1836: 1831: 1825: 1824: 1819: 1816: 1815: 1810: 1805: 1800: 1795: 1790: 1785: 1780: 1775: 1770: 1765: 1760: 1755: 1750: 1748:Simantonnayana 1745: 1740: 1735: 1729: 1728: 1723: 1720: 1719: 1714: 1709: 1704: 1699: 1697:Carnatic music 1694: 1689: 1684: 1682:Bhagavata Mela 1679: 1674: 1669: 1664: 1659: 1654: 1649: 1644: 1638: 1637: 1632: 1629: 1628: 1626:Kundalini yoga 1623: 1618: 1613: 1608: 1603: 1598: 1593: 1588: 1583: 1578: 1572: 1571: 1566: 1563: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1540: 1537: 1534: 1533: 1528: 1523: 1518: 1513: 1508: 1503: 1498: 1493: 1488: 1483: 1478: 1473: 1468: 1463: 1458: 1453: 1448: 1443: 1438: 1433: 1428: 1422: 1421: 1415: 1412: 1409: 1408: 1405: 1404: 1401: 1400: 1395: 1390: 1385: 1380: 1375: 1369: 1368: 1363: 1360: 1359: 1354: 1349: 1344: 1339: 1334: 1329: 1324: 1319: 1314: 1309: 1304: 1299: 1294: 1289: 1284: 1279: 1274: 1269: 1263: 1262: 1259: 1256: 1255: 1250: 1245: 1240: 1235: 1230: 1225: 1220: 1215: 1210: 1205: 1200: 1195: 1189: 1184: 1179: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1165: 1160: 1155: 1150: 1144: 1143: 1137: 1136: 1131: 1128: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1111: 1110: 1105: 1102: 1101: 1096: 1091: 1086: 1080: 1079: 1076:Stages of life 1074: 1071: 1070: 1065: 1060: 1055: 1049: 1048: 1043: 1040: 1039: 1037:God and gender 1034: 1029: 1023: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1015: 1010: 1005: 1004: 1003: 998: 987: 986: 981: 978: 977: 972: 970:Gross elements 967: 962: 957: 951: 950: 947: 944: 943: 938: 932: 931: 928: 925: 920: 919: 916: 915: 912: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 856: 851: 845: 844: 838: 837: 832: 827: 822: 817: 812: 807: 802: 797: 792: 787: 781: 780: 771: 770: 760: 757: 756: 751: 746: 740: 739: 734: 731: 730: 725: 720: 714: 713: 708: 705: 700: 699: 696: 695: 692: 691: 684: 681: 680: 675: 670: 665: 659: 658: 655: 652: 647: 646: 643: 642: 639: 638: 633: 628: 626:Itihasa-Purana 617: 616: 611: 606: 601: 596: 591: 586: 572: 569: 568: 565: 564: 563: 562: 557: 549: 548: 540: 539: 533: 532: 520: 519: 513: 512: 505: 499: 498: 479: 473: 472: 457: 451: 450: 431: 425: 424: 405: 399: 398: 379: 373: 372: 362: 361: 355: 354: 339: 333: 332: 317: 311: 310: 295: 289: 288: 273: 267: 266: 251: 245: 244: 229: 223: 222: 207: 201: 200: 185: 179: 178: 163: 157: 156: 141: 135: 134: 119: 113: 112: 97: 91: 90: 75: 69: 68: 49: 43: 42: 39: 35: 34: 15: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 15882: 15871: 15868: 15866: 15863: 15861: 15858: 15856: 15853: 15851: 15848: 15846: 15843: 15841: 15838: 15836: 15833: 15831: 15828: 15827: 15825: 15810: 15809:Well of Souls 15807: 15805: 15802: 15800: 15797: 15795: 15792: 15790: 15787: 15785: 15782: 15780: 15779:Millennialism 15777: 15775: 15772: 15770: 15767: 15765: 15762: 15760: 15757: 15756: 15753: 15743: 15740: 15738: 15735: 15734: 15732: 15730: 15726: 15720: 15717: 15715: 15712: 15710: 15707: 15706: 15704: 15702: 15698: 15692: 15689: 15688: 15686: 15684: 15680: 15673: 15672: 15670: 15668: 15664: 15658: 15655: 15654: 15652: 15650: 15646: 15640: 15637: 15635: 15632: 15630: 15627: 15625: 15622: 15620: 15617: 15616: 15614: 15612: 15608: 15605: 15603: 15599: 15589: 15586: 15584: 15581: 15580: 15578: 15576: 15572: 15566: 15563: 15561: 15558: 15557: 15555: 15553: 15549: 15543: 15540: 15539: 15537: 15535: 15531: 15525: 15522: 15520: 15517: 15515: 15512: 15511: 15509: 15507: 15503: 15497: 15494: 15493: 15491: 15489: 15485: 15479: 15476: 15475: 15473: 15471: 15467: 15459: 15456: 15454: 15451: 15449: 15446: 15445: 15444: 15441: 15440: 15438: 15436: 15432: 15426: 15423: 15421: 15418: 15416: 15413: 15411: 15408: 15406: 15403: 15401: 15398: 15396: 15393: 15391: 15388: 15387: 15385: 15383: 15379: 15371: 15368: 15367: 15366: 15363: 15361: 15358: 15356: 15353: 15349: 15348:Brahmā worlds 15346: 15345: 15344: 15341: 15337: 15334: 15332: 15329: 15327: 15324: 15322: 15319: 15317: 15314: 15312: 15309: 15307: 15304: 15303: 15302: 15299: 15298: 15296: 15294: 15290: 15287: 15285: 15282:Eastern/Asian 15279: 15269: 15266: 15264: 15261: 15259: 15256: 15255: 15253: 15251: 15247: 15241: 15238: 15236: 15233: 15231: 15228: 15226: 15223: 15221: 15218: 15216: 15213: 15211: 15208: 15206: 15203: 15201: 15198: 15197: 15195: 15193: 15189: 15183: 15180: 15178: 15175: 15173: 15170: 15168: 15165: 15163: 15160: 15158: 15155: 15154: 15152: 15150: 15146: 15140: 15137: 15136: 15134: 15132: 15128: 15120: 15117: 15115: 15112: 15110: 15107: 15105: 15102: 15101: 15100: 15097: 15096: 15094: 15092: 15088: 15085: 15083: 15077: 15067: 15064: 15062: 15059: 15058: 15056: 15054: 15050: 15044: 15041: 15039: 15036: 15034: 15031: 15029: 15026: 15025: 15023: 15021: 15017: 15011: 15008: 15006: 15003: 15001: 14998: 14996: 14993: 14991: 14988: 14986: 14983: 14981: 14978: 14977: 14975: 14973: 14969: 14963: 14960: 14958: 14955: 14953: 14952:New Jerusalem 14950: 14948: 14945: 14943: 14940: 14938: 14935: 14933: 14930: 14926: 14923: 14922: 14921: 14918: 14914: 14913:Throne of God 14911: 14909: 14906: 14904: 14903:Seven heavens 14901: 14900: 14899: 14896: 14895: 14893: 14891: 14887: 14881: 14878: 14876: 14873: 14871: 14868: 14867: 14865: 14863: 14859: 14856: 14854: 14848: 14843: 14836: 14831: 14829: 14824: 14822: 14817: 14816: 14813: 14801: 14793: 14791: 14787: 14783: 14781: 14773: 14772: 14770: 14760: 14752: 14749: 14747: 14744: 14743: 14742: 14741:Hindu temples 14739: 14737: 14734: 14732: 14729: 14725: 14722: 14720: 14717: 14715: 14712: 14710: 14707: 14705: 14702: 14700: 14697: 14695: 14692: 14691: 14690: 14687: 14683: 14680: 14679: 14678: 14675: 14673: 14670: 14666: 14663: 14662: 14661: 14658: 14656: 14653: 14651: 14648: 14646: 14645:Hindu studies 14643: 14641: 14638: 14636: 14633: 14631: 14628: 14626: 14623: 14621: 14618: 14616: 14615:Denominations 14613: 14609: 14606: 14604: 14601: 14600: 14599: 14596: 14595: 14593: 14591: 14587: 14577: 14574: 14572: 14569: 14567: 14564: 14562: 14559: 14558: 14556: 14552: 14546: 14543: 14541: 14538: 14536: 14533: 14531: 14528: 14527: 14522: 14519: 14517: 14514: 14512: 14509: 14507: 14504: 14503: 14502: 14499: 14495: 14492: 14490: 14487: 14485: 14482: 14480: 14477: 14475: 14472: 14470: 14467: 14465: 14462: 14461: 14459: 14457: 14454: 14452: 14449: 14447: 14444: 14442: 14439: 14437: 14434: 14432: 14429: 14425: 14424:Vijayadashami 14422: 14420: 14417: 14415: 14412: 14411: 14410: 14407: 14405: 14402: 14400: 14397: 14395: 14392: 14390: 14387: 14386: 14384: 14382: 14378: 14370: 14367: 14365: 14362: 14360: 14357: 14355: 14352: 14351: 14350: 14347: 14343: 14340: 14338: 14335: 14333: 14330: 14328: 14325: 14324: 14323: 14320: 14319: 14317: 14313: 14307: 14304: 14302: 14299: 14297: 14294: 14292: 14289: 14287: 14284: 14282: 14279: 14277: 14274: 14272: 14269: 14267: 14264: 14262: 14259: 14257: 14254: 14252: 14249: 14247: 14244: 14242: 14241:Simantonayana 14239: 14237: 14234: 14232: 14229: 14228: 14226: 14224: 14220: 14214: 14211: 14209: 14206: 14204: 14201: 14199: 14196: 14194: 14191: 14189: 14186: 14184: 14181: 14179: 14176: 14174: 14171: 14169: 14166: 14164: 14161: 14159: 14156: 14155: 14153: 14151: 14147: 14144: 14140: 14130: 14129: 14125: 14123: 14120: 14118: 14115: 14113: 14110: 14108: 14105: 14103: 14100: 14098: 14095: 14093: 14090: 14088: 14085: 14083: 14080: 14078: 14075: 14073: 14070: 14066: 14063: 14061: 14058: 14056: 14053: 14052: 14051: 14048: 14047: 14045: 14043: 14039: 14033: 14032: 14028: 14026: 14023: 14021: 14018: 14016: 14013: 14011: 14008: 14006: 14003: 14001: 13998: 13996: 13993: 13991: 13988: 13986: 13983: 13981: 13978: 13976: 13973: 13969: 13966: 13964: 13961: 13959: 13956: 13955: 13954: 13951: 13950: 13948: 13946: 13942: 13939: 13937: 13933: 13923: 13920: 13918: 13915: 13913: 13910: 13908: 13905: 13903: 13900: 13898: 13895: 13893: 13890: 13888: 13885: 13883: 13880: 13878: 13875: 13873: 13870: 13868: 13865: 13863: 13860: 13858: 13855: 13853: 13850: 13849: 13847: 13845: 13841: 13835: 13834: 13830: 13828: 13827:Yoga Vasistha 13825: 13823: 13820: 13818: 13815: 13813: 13810: 13808: 13805: 13801: 13798: 13796: 13793: 13791: 13788: 13787: 13786: 13783: 13781: 13778: 13776: 13773: 13771: 13768: 13766: 13763: 13759: 13756: 13754: 13751: 13750: 13749: 13746: 13744: 13741: 13739: 13738:Bhagavad Gita 13736: 13735: 13733: 13731: 13727: 13721: 13718: 13716: 13713: 13711: 13708: 13706: 13703: 13701: 13698: 13696: 13693: 13692: 13690: 13688: 13684: 13678: 13677:Sthapatyaveda 13675: 13673: 13670: 13668: 13665: 13663: 13660: 13659: 13657: 13655: 13651: 13641: 13638: 13636: 13633: 13631: 13628: 13626: 13623: 13621: 13618: 13616: 13613: 13611: 13608: 13606: 13603: 13601: 13598: 13596: 13593: 13591: 13588: 13586: 13583: 13581: 13578: 13577: 13575: 13573: 13569: 13563: 13560: 13558: 13555: 13553: 13550: 13549: 13547: 13543: 13537: 13534: 13532: 13529: 13527: 13524: 13522: 13519: 13518: 13515: 13512: 13510: 13506: 13500: 13497: 13495: 13492: 13491: 13489: 13485: 13482: 13480: 13476: 13457: 13453: 13450: 13446: 13445: 13441: 13439: 13438: 13434: 13432: 13431: 13427: 13426: 13425: 13422: 13420: 13417: 13415: 13412: 13410: 13407: 13405: 13402: 13400: 13396: 13393: 13392: 13390: 13388: 13384: 13376: 13373: 13371: 13368: 13366: 13363: 13361: 13358: 13356: 13353: 13351: 13348: 13346: 13343: 13341: 13338: 13336: 13333: 13332: 13331: 13328: 13327: 13322: 13319: 13317: 13314: 13312: 13309: 13307: 13304: 13303: 13302: 13299: 13298: 13295: 13292: 13290: 13287: 13285: 13282: 13280: 13277: 13275: 13272: 13270: 13267: 13265: 13262: 13261: 13259: 13257: 13253: 13250: 13248: 13244: 13238: 13235: 13232: 13230: 13227: 13226: 13223: 13217: 13213: 13209: 13201: 13196: 13194: 13189: 13187: 13182: 13181: 13178: 13166: 13163: 13161: 13158: 13156: 13153: 13151: 13148: 13146: 13143: 13141: 13138: 13136: 13133: 13131: 13128: 13126: 13123: 13121: 13118: 13116: 13113: 13111: 13108: 13106: 13103: 13101: 13098: 13096: 13093: 13091: 13088: 13086: 13083: 13081: 13078: 13076: 13073: 13071: 13068: 13066: 13063: 13061: 13058: 13056: 13053: 13051: 13048: 13046: 13043: 13041: 13038: 13036: 13033: 13031: 13028: 13026: 13023: 13021: 13018: 13016: 13013: 13011: 13008: 13006: 13003: 13001: 13000:Parinama-vada 12998: 12996: 12993: 12991: 12988: 12986: 12983: 12981: 12978: 12976: 12973: 12971: 12968: 12966: 12963: 12961: 12958: 12956: 12953: 12951: 12948: 12946: 12943: 12941: 12938: 12936: 12933: 12931: 12928: 12926: 12923: 12921: 12918: 12916: 12913: 12911: 12908: 12906: 12903: 12901: 12898: 12896: 12893: 12891: 12888: 12886: 12883: 12881: 12878: 12876: 12873: 12871: 12868: 12866: 12863: 12861: 12858: 12856: 12853: 12851: 12848: 12846: 12843: 12841: 12838: 12836: 12833: 12831: 12828: 12826: 12823: 12821: 12818: 12816: 12813: 12811: 12808: 12806: 12803: 12801: 12798: 12796: 12793: 12791: 12788: 12786: 12783: 12781: 12778: 12776: 12773: 12771: 12768: 12766: 12763: 12761: 12758: 12756: 12753: 12751: 12748: 12746: 12743: 12741: 12738: 12736: 12733: 12731: 12728: 12726: 12723: 12721: 12718: 12716: 12713: 12712: 12710: 12706: 12700: 12697: 12695: 12692: 12690: 12687: 12685: 12682: 12680: 12677: 12675: 12672: 12670: 12667: 12665: 12662: 12660: 12657: 12655: 12652: 12650: 12647: 12645: 12642: 12640: 12637: 12635: 12632: 12630: 12627: 12625: 12624:Padmasambhāva 12622: 12620: 12617: 12615: 12612: 12610: 12607: 12605: 12602: 12600: 12597: 12595: 12592: 12590: 12587: 12585: 12582: 12580: 12577: 12575: 12572: 12570: 12567: 12565: 12562: 12560: 12557: 12555: 12552: 12550: 12547: 12545: 12542: 12540: 12537: 12535: 12532: 12530: 12529:Maṇḍana Miśra 12527: 12525: 12522: 12520: 12519:Abhinavagupta 12517: 12515: 12512: 12511: 12509: 12505: 12499: 12496: 12494: 12493: 12492:Yoga Vasistha 12489: 12487: 12486: 12482: 12480: 12477: 12475: 12472: 12470: 12469: 12465: 12461: 12458: 12457: 12456: 12453: 12451: 12450: 12446: 12444: 12443: 12439: 12437: 12434: 12432: 12429: 12427: 12424: 12422: 12419: 12417: 12416: 12412: 12410: 12409: 12405: 12403: 12400: 12398: 12395: 12391: 12388: 12386: 12385:All 108 texts 12383: 12382: 12381: 12380: 12376: 12374: 12373: 12369: 12367: 12364: 12362: 12359: 12357: 12356: 12355:Dharmashastra 12352: 12350: 12347: 12345: 12344: 12340: 12338: 12337: 12333: 12331: 12330: 12329:Bhagavad Gita 12326: 12324: 12323: 12319: 12317: 12316: 12312: 12311: 12309: 12305: 12299: 12296: 12294: 12291: 12289: 12286: 12284: 12283:Integral yoga 12281: 12280: 12278: 12274: 12266: 12263: 12261: 12258: 12256: 12253: 12252: 12251: 12248: 12246: 12243: 12241: 12238: 12234: 12231: 12229: 12228:Shuddhadvaita 12226: 12224: 12221: 12219: 12216: 12214: 12211: 12209: 12206: 12204: 12201: 12200: 12199: 12196: 12195: 12193: 12189: 12177: 12174: 12172: 12169: 12167: 12164: 12162: 12159: 12157: 12154: 12153: 12152: 12148: 12145: 12141: 12138: 12136: 12133: 12132: 12131: 12128: 12126: 12123: 12121: 12118: 12116: 12113: 12112: 12110: 12108: 12104: 12098: 12095: 12091: 12088: 12086: 12083: 12082: 12081: 12078: 12076: 12073: 12071: 12068: 12066: 12063: 12061: 12058: 12056: 12053: 12051: 12047: 12044: 12043: 12041: 12039: 12035: 12032: 12028: 12022: 12019: 12017: 12014: 12012: 12009: 12007: 12004: 12002: 11999: 11997: 11994: 11992: 11989: 11987: 11984: 11982: 11979: 11978: 11976: 11972: 11968: 11961: 11956: 11954: 11949: 11947: 11942: 11941: 11938: 11926: 11923: 11921: 11918: 11916: 11913: 11909: 11906: 11904: 11901: 11900: 11899: 11898:Denominations 11896: 11894: 11891: 11890: 11888: 11884: 11878: 11875: 11873: 11870: 11868: 11865: 11863: 11860: 11858: 11857:Reincarnation 11855: 11853: 11850: 11848: 11845: 11843: 11840: 11839: 11837: 11835:Other related 11833: 11825: 11822: 11820: 11817: 11815: 11812: 11810: 11807: 11805: 11802: 11799: 11795: 11791: 11790:Pind Sammelan 11788: 11786: 11783: 11781: 11778: 11776: 11775:Niravapanjali 11773: 11772: 11770: 11766: 11762: 11759: 11757: 11754: 11752: 11749: 11747: 11743: 11740: 11739: 11737: 11734: 11733: 11731: 11727: 11721: 11718: 11716: 11713: 11712: 11710: 11706: 11702: 11698: 11691: 11686: 11684: 11679: 11677: 11672: 11671: 11668: 11664: 11663:at Wikiquote 11662: 11657: 11643: 11637: 11633: 11628: 11627: 11616: 11611: 11607: 11601: 11597: 11592: 11588: 11582: 11578: 11573: 11569:, Grove Press 11568: 11563: 11558: 11553: 11549: 11543: 11539: 11535: 11530: 11526: 11520: 11516: 11515: 11509: 11506: 11504: 11503:public domain 11493: 11487: 11483: 11479: 11478: 11472: 11469: 11467: 11466:public domain 11456: 11455: 11449: 11444: 11439: 11434: 11429: 11425: 11419: 11415: 11410: 11406: 11400: 11396: 11391: 11390: 11383: 11380:December 2023 11373: 11369: 11368:add the ISBNs 11363: 11361: 11356:This section 11354: 11350: 11345: 11344: 11331: 11326: 11320:, pages 53–54 11319: 11315: 11309: 11307: 11305: 11303: 11295: 11291: 11285: 11283: 11281: 11273: 11268: 11261: 11256: 11249: 11244: 11242: 11234: 11229: 11222: 11217: 11210: 11205: 11203: 11195: 11190: 11182: 11176: 11172: 11165: 11157: 11151: 11147: 11146: 11138: 11130: 11124: 11120: 11119: 11111: 11109: 11100: 11094: 11090: 11089: 11081: 11074: 11069: 11062: 11057: 11050: 11045: 11037: 11031: 11027: 11026: 11018: 11016: 11014: 11012: 11010: 11002: 10998: 10994: 10990: 10984: 10977: 10972: 10964: 10958: 10954: 10953: 10945: 10937: 10931: 10927: 10926: 10918: 10910: 10904: 10900: 10899: 10891: 10883: 10877: 10873: 10872: 10864: 10856: 10850: 10846: 10845: 10837: 10829: 10823: 10819: 10818: 10810: 10803: 10798: 10791: 10786: 10779: 10774: 10768:, p. 42. 10767: 10762: 10755: 10750: 10742: 10736: 10732: 10727: 10726: 10717: 10715: 10707: 10703: 10697: 10691: 10687: 10686: 10678: 10669: 10661: 10655: 10651: 10650: 10642: 10635: 10629: 10622: 10616: 10607: 10600: 10593: 10585: 10584:0-7914-3904-6 10581: 10577: 10574: 10570: 10566: 10565: 10563: 10557: 10551: 10547: 10541: 10534: 10530: 10525: 10518: 10514: 10508: 10499: 10496: 10492: 10488: 10487: 10483: 10476: 10470: 10463: 10459: 10453: 10444: 10435: 10427: 10426: 10418: 10402: 10398: 10396: 10388: 10386: 10384: 10382: 10365: 10361: 10359: 10351: 10349: 10347: 10330: 10326: 10320: 10314: 10313: 10306: 10304: 10302: 10300: 10291: 10285: 10281: 10274: 10265: 10257: 10250: 10241: 10234: 10228: 10221: 10217: 10211: 10209: 10207: 10197: 10188: 10184: 10180: 10177: 10176:1-57062-935-8 10173: 10169: 10166: 10163: 10162:0-8239-2287-1 10159: 10155: 10154: 10150: 10143: 10142:81-208-0262-4 10139: 10133: 10124: 10122: 10114: 10110: 10104: 10102: 10095: 10091: 10085: 10083: 10081: 10079: 10069: 10066: 10065: 10061: 10054: 10050: 10046: 10042: 10038: 10034: 10030: 10024: 10017: 10013: 10007: 10001: 9997: 9993: 9988: 9981: 9977: 9971: 9969: 9967: 9958: 9952: 9948: 9947: 9939: 9931: 9925: 9921: 9920: 9912: 9904: 9898: 9894: 9893: 9885: 9877: 9871: 9867: 9866: 9858: 9856: 9847: 9841: 9837: 9832: 9831: 9822: 9814: 9808: 9804: 9803: 9795: 9787: 9781: 9777: 9776: 9768: 9760: 9754: 9750: 9749: 9741: 9734: 9730: 9725: 9721: 9715: 9707: 9701: 9697: 9696: 9690: 9685: 9679: 9675: 9674: 9668: 9663: 9657: 9653: 9652: 9646: 9642: 9640: 9630: 9628: 9626: 9618: 9612: 9610:81-208-1691-9 9606: 9602: 9595: 9593: 9591: 9583: 9579: 9573: 9566: 9562: 9556: 9549: 9543: 9536: 9532: 9528: 9522: 9513: 9509: 9506: 9502: 9498: 9497: 9493: 9486: 9482: 9478: 9472: 9465: 9461: 9457: 9453: 9447: 9438: 9437:1-85973-739-0 9434: 9430: 9426: 9423: 9419: 9415: 9411: 9410:Mircea Eliade 9408: 9407: 9403: 9396: 9395:0-8153-3612-8 9392: 9388: 9382: 9373: 9369: 9366: 9362: 9358: 9354: 9351: 9347: 9346: 9342: 9335: 9331: 9327: 9323: 9317: 9310: 9305: 9298: 9293: 9284: 9280: 9276: 9272: 9269: 9265: 9261: 9260:Picturing God 9257: 9256: 9252: 9250: 9242: 9238: 9234: 9228: 9221: 9217: 9213: 9207: 9200: 9196: 9192: 9186: 9179: 9175: 9171: 9165: 9158: 9154: 9150: 9144: 9137: 9133: 9129: 9125: 9121: 9117: 9113: 9109: 9105: 9101: 9097: 9093: 9089: 9085: 9081: 9077: 9073: 9066: 9062: 9058: 9054: 9050: 9046: 9042: 9038: 9034: 9031: 9027: 9020: 9016: 9012: 9007: 8998: 8988: 8985: 8984: 8980: 8973: 8967: 8965: 8955: 8952: 8949: 8948: 8944: 8935: 8933: 8931: 8921: 8912: 8910: 8900: 8898: 8887: 8878: 8875: 8874: 8870: 8861: 8858: 8857: 8853: 8844: 8842: 8840: 8838: 8836: 8828: 8827:0-8153-3608-X 8824: 8818: 8809: 8807: 8805: 8803: 8801: 8791: 8788: 8784: 8780: 8779: 8775: 8768: 8767:0-89581-924-4 8764: 8758: 8750: 8743: 8741: 8733: 8727: 8718: 8714: 8711: 8707: 8703: 8702: 8698: 8689: 8686: 8682: 8678: 8675: 8674: 8670: 8664: 8660: 8656: 8651: 8649: 8647: 8639: 8633: 8631: 8629: 8627: 8625: 8623: 8621: 8619: 8611: 8607: 8601: 8586: 8582: 8576: 8569: 8565: 8559: 8552: 8548: 8542: 8533: 8529: 8525: 8522: 8521: 8517: 8515: 8508: 8504: 8501: 8500: 8496: 8490: 8486: 8482: 8476: 8467: 8463: 8459: 8456: 8452: 8448: 8447:Julius Lipner 8444: 8443: 8439: 8430: 8426: 8423: 8422:0-415-17281-0 8419: 8415: 8412: 8408: 8405: 8404:9789993624318 8401: 8397: 8396: 8392: 8382: 8373: 8369: 8365: 8362: 8358: 8354: 8351: 8350:0-8153-3608-X 8347: 8343: 8342: 8338: 8331: 8326: 8324: 8322: 8314: 8310: 8304: 8288: 8284: 8282: 8278: 8270: 8266: 8254: 8250: 8244: 8240: 8228: 8219: 8216: 8213: 8209: 8208: 8204: 8201: 8197: 8193: 8192: 8188: 8187: 8185: 8181: 8175: 8171: 8158: 8155: 8147: 8144:December 2023 8137: 8133: 8127: 8126: 8121:This article 8119: 8110: 8109: 8099: 8096: 8095: 8089: 8087: 8086: 8081: 8072: 8065: 8063: 8057: 8051: 8047: 8043: 8039: 8035: 8026: 8024: 8020: 8016: 8012: 8000: 7995: 7993: 7988: 7986: 7981: 7980: 7978: 7977: 7972: 7967: 7962: 7961: 7960: 7959: 7952: 7949: 7947: 7944: 7942: 7939: 7938: 7930: 7929: 7922: 7919: 7917: 7914: 7912: 7909: 7907: 7904: 7902: 7899: 7897: 7894: 7892: 7889: 7887: 7884: 7882: 7879: 7877: 7874: 7872: 7869: 7867: 7864: 7862: 7859: 7857: 7854: 7853: 7849: 7843: 7842: 7835: 7832: 7830: 7827: 7825: 7824:Damdama Sahib 7822: 7820: 7817: 7815: 7812: 7810: 7807: 7805: 7802: 7801: 7798: 7792: 7785: 7784: 7777: 7776: 7772: 7770: 7769: 7765: 7763: 7762: 7758: 7756: 7755: 7751: 7750: 7747: 7740: 7739: 7732: 7731:Antam Sanskar 7729: 7727: 7724: 7722: 7721:Amrit Sanskar 7719: 7717: 7714: 7711: 7708: 7706: 7703: 7701: 7698: 7696: 7693: 7691: 7688: 7686: 7683: 7681: 7678: 7676: 7673: 7671: 7668: 7666: 7663: 7661: 7658: 7656: 7653: 7652: 7649: 7642: 7641: 7634: 7631: 7629: 7626: 7624: 7623: 7619: 7617: 7615: 7610: 7608: 7606: 7601: 7599: 7597: 7592: 7590: 7589: 7585: 7584: 7581: 7574: 7573: 7566: 7563: 7561: 7558: 7556: 7553: 7551: 7548: 7546: 7543: 7541: 7540:Bhatt Mathura 7538: 7536: 7533: 7531: 7528: 7526: 7525:Bhatt Harbans 7523: 7521: 7518: 7516: 7513: 7511: 7508: 7506: 7503: 7501: 7500:Bhatt Kalshar 7498: 7496: 7493: 7491: 7490:Bhagat Jaidev 7488: 7486: 7485:Bhagat Surdas 7483: 7481: 7478: 7476: 7475:Bhagat Dhanna 7473: 7471: 7468: 7466: 7463: 7461: 7458: 7456: 7453: 7451: 7450:Bhagat Namdev 7448: 7446: 7443: 7441: 7438: 7436: 7433: 7431: 7428: 7426: 7423: 7422: 7419: 7412: 7411: 7404: 7401: 7399: 7396: 7394: 7391: 7389: 7386: 7384: 7381: 7379: 7376: 7374: 7371: 7369: 7366: 7364: 7363:Guru Amar Das 7361: 7359: 7356: 7354: 7351: 7350: 7347: 7340: 7339: 7334: 7331: 7329: 7326: 7324: 7321: 7319: 7316: 7314: 7311: 7310: 7309: 7308: 7304: 7300: 7299: 7296: 7293: 7292: 7288: 7284: 7283: 7275: 7273: 7272: 7267: 7263: 7259: 7255: 7251: 7247: 7243: 7239: 7234: 7232: 7228: 7224: 7220: 7216: 7212: 7211: 7206: 7202: 7198: 7194: 7189: 7187: 7183: 7182: 7177: 7176: 7171: 7170: 7165: 7161: 7160: 7156:often termed 7155: 7151: 7148:Jainism is a 7146: 7144: 7140: 7136: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7120: 7114: 7102: 7097: 7095: 7090: 7088: 7083: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7074: 7069: 7064: 7063: 7062: 7061: 7054: 7051: 7049: 7046: 7044: 7041: 7039: 7036: 7034: 7031: 7029: 7026: 7025: 7017: 7016: 7009: 7006: 7004: 7001: 6999: 6996: 6994: 6991: 6989: 6986: 6985: 6984: 6974: 6973: 6966: 6963: 6961: 6958: 6956: 6953: 6951: 6948: 6947: 6939: 6938: 6931: 6930: 6926: 6924: 6923: 6919: 6917: 6916: 6912: 6910: 6909: 6905: 6903: 6902: 6898: 6896: 6895: 6891: 6889: 6888: 6884: 6882: 6881: 6877: 6875: 6874: 6870: 6868: 6867: 6863: 6862: 6858: 6852: 6851: 6844: 6841: 6839: 6836: 6835: 6834: 6824: 6823: 6816: 6813: 6811: 6808: 6806: 6805:Samantabhadra 6803: 6801: 6798: 6796: 6793: 6791: 6788: 6786: 6785: 6781: 6779: 6776: 6774: 6771: 6769: 6766: 6764: 6761: 6760: 6756:Major figures 6752: 6751: 6744: 6741: 6739: 6736: 6734: 6733:Navkar Mantra 6731: 6729: 6726: 6724: 6721: 6720: 6712: 6711: 6704: 6701: 6699: 6696: 6695: 6692: 6689: 6688: 6685: 6682: 6680: 6677: 6675: 6672: 6670: 6669:Satya (truth) 6667: 6665: 6662: 6661: 6658: 6655: 6654: 6653: 6643: 6642: 6635: 6632: 6630: 6627: 6625: 6622: 6620: 6617: 6615: 6612: 6610: 6607: 6605: 6602: 6600: 6597: 6595: 6592: 6590: 6587: 6585: 6582: 6580: 6577: 6575: 6572: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6560: 6555: 6552: 6550: 6547: 6545: 6542: 6540: 6537: 6536: 6535: 6534: 6530: 6526: 6525: 6522: 6519: 6518: 6514: 6510: 6509: 6501: 6499: 6498: 6493: 6492: 6486: 6482: 6478: 6477: 6471: 6469: 6464: 6462: 6458: 6457:panna-vimutti 6454: 6450: 6449:panna-vimutti 6446: 6442: 6438: 6432: 6428: 6416: 6411: 6409: 6404: 6402: 6397: 6396: 6394: 6393: 6388: 6383: 6378: 6377: 6376: 6375: 6368: 6365: 6363: 6360: 6358: 6355: 6353: 6350: 6348: 6345: 6343: 6340: 6338: 6335: 6333: 6330: 6328: 6325: 6323: 6320: 6318: 6315: 6313: 6310: 6308: 6305: 6303: 6300: 6298: 6295: 6293: 6290: 6288: 6285: 6283: 6280: 6278: 6275: 6273: 6270: 6268: 6265: 6264: 6261: 6256: 6255: 6248: 6245: 6243: 6240: 6238: 6235: 6233: 6230: 6228: 6225: 6223: 6220: 6218: 6215: 6213: 6210: 6208: 6205: 6204: 6201: 6196: 6195: 6188: 6185: 6183: 6180: 6178: 6175: 6173: 6170: 6168: 6165: 6163: 6160: 6159: 6156: 6151: 6150: 6143: 6142:Vegetarianism 6140: 6138: 6135: 6133: 6130: 6128: 6125: 6123: 6120: 6118: 6115: 6113: 6110: 6108: 6105: 6103: 6100: 6098: 6097:Recollections 6095: 6093: 6090: 6088: 6085: 6083: 6080: 6078: 6075: 6073: 6070: 6068: 6067:Five precepts 6065: 6063: 6060: 6058: 6055: 6054: 6051: 6046: 6045: 6038: 6035: 6033: 6032:Chinese canon 6030: 6028: 6027:Tibetan canon 6025: 6023: 6020: 6018: 6015: 6013: 6010: 6008: 6005: 6003: 6000: 5998: 5995: 5994: 5991: 5986: 5985: 5978: 5975: 5973: 5970: 5968: 5965: 5963: 5960: 5958: 5955: 5953: 5950: 5948: 5945: 5943: 5940: 5938: 5935: 5933: 5930: 5928: 5925: 5923: 5920: 5916: 5913: 5912: 5911: 5908: 5906: 5903: 5902: 5896: 5893: 5891: 5888: 5887: 5883: 5882: 5875: 5872: 5870: 5867: 5865: 5862: 5860: 5857: 5855: 5852: 5850: 5847: 5845: 5842: 5840: 5837: 5836: 5833: 5828: 5827: 5822: 5819: 5817: 5814: 5812: 5809: 5808: 5807: 5806: 5802: 5798: 5797: 5794: 5791: 5790: 5786: 5782: 5781: 5773: 5771: 5767: 5763: 5759: 5755: 5751: 5747: 5737: 5730: 5727: 5723: 5720: 5717: 5714: 5711: 5708: 5705: 5702: 5701: 5700: 5697: 5693: 5689: 5685: 5681: 5680: 5675: 5665: 5663: 5658: 5654: 5650: 5645: 5643: 5639: 5634: 5630: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5614: 5610: 5605: 5603: 5599: 5595: 5591: 5587: 5586: 5581: 5580: 5575: 5571: 5567: 5563: 5559: 5555: 5551: 5546: 5544: 5543: 5538: 5534: 5530: 5526: 5522: 5518: 5514: 5510: 5506: 5502: 5498: 5494: 5490: 5486: 5484: 5480: 5476: 5472: 5468: 5464: 5460: 5455: 5453: 5449: 5445: 5441: 5435: 5425: 5423: 5419: 5415: 5411: 5407: 5403: 5399: 5395: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5379: 5375: 5371: 5367: 5357: 5344: 5332: 5320: 5311: 5309: 5305: 5301: 5297: 5293: 5289: 5285: 5281: 5277: 5273: 5269: 5265: 5261: 5257: 5252: 5250: 5246: 5245:Knut Jacobsen 5242: 5241:mokshaśāstras 5232: 5230: 5225: 5221: 5217: 5213: 5209: 5204: 5202: 5198: 5194: 5190: 5185: 5183: 5179: 5175: 5174:Brahmi sthiti 5171: 5167: 5163: 5159: 5155: 5151: 5150: 5145: 5141: 5131: 5129: 5125: 5121: 5117: 5113: 5109: 5105: 5101: 5100: 5095: 5086: 5079: 5070: 5068: 5064: 5059: 5057: 5053: 5049: 5045: 5040: 5036: 5032: 5022: 5020: 5016: 5013:transcending 5011: 5002: 4995: 4983: 4981: 4977: 4973: 4969: 4965: 4961: 4958: 4954: 4949: 4947: 4943: 4939: 4935: 4931: 4927: 4922: 4920: 4912: 4907: 4903: 4901: 4897: 4893: 4889: 4885: 4880: 4878: 4874: 4871:. Instead of 4870: 4866: 4862: 4858: 4854: 4849: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4835: 4831: 4827: 4823: 4819: 4815: 4797: 4777: 4775: 4771: 4767: 4766:bhakti school 4763: 4759: 4755: 4751: 4741: 4731: 4722: 4720: 4716: 4711: 4709: 4705: 4701: 4697: 4696: 4691: 4687: 4683: 4679: 4675: 4671: 4666: 4664: 4660: 4656: 4652: 4648: 4644: 4634: 4632: 4628: 4624: 4620: 4616: 4612: 4608: 4604: 4600: 4596: 4592: 4591: 4587:, one of the 4586: 4577: 4575: 4571: 4567: 4563: 4559: 4555: 4551: 4547: 4543: 4538: 4536: 4532: 4528: 4524: 4520: 4516: 4512: 4508: 4499: 4496: 4492: 4488: 4484: 4480: 4476: 4472: 4468: 4459: 4457: 4453: 4452: 4447: 4443: 4439: 4435: 4431: 4430: 4425: 4421: 4416: 4414: 4410: 4406: 4402: 4398: 4394: 4390: 4386: 4382: 4374: 4370: 4366: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4347: 4343: 4339: 4335: 4331: 4327: 4323: 4319: 4317: 4313: 4303: 4301: 4297: 4293: 4289: 4285: 4281: 4280: 4275: 4271: 4267: 4266: 4261: 4257: 4253: 4251: 4247: 4242: 4238: 4237: 4232: 4231: 4226: 4222: 4217: 4213: 4209: 4192: 4181: 4179: 4175: 4171: 4167: 4163: 4159: 4155: 4151: 4149: 4148: 4143: 4139: 4135: 4134: 4129: 4125: 4121: 4111: 4109: 4105: 4101: 4097: 4095: 4089: 4080: 4078: 4074: 4070: 4066: 4062: 4058: 4054: 4050: 4046: 4042: 4041: 4036: 4032: 4028: 4023: 4022:in Hinduism. 4021: 4017: 4016: 4011: 4010: 4005: 4004: 3999: 3994: 3992: 3988: 3984: 3980: 3979: 3974: 3970: 3966: 3965: 3960: 3956: 3952: 3948: 3944: 3943: 3938: 3937: 3932: 3931: 3926: 3924: 3914: 3910: 3909: 3897: 3892: 3890: 3885: 3883: 3878: 3877: 3875: 3874: 3869: 3859: 3858: 3855: 3852: 3850: 3847: 3846: 3845: 3844: 3837: 3833: 3831: 3827: 3823: 3819: 3815: 3811: 3808: 3807: 3801: 3800: 3797: 3794: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3784: 3782: 3779: 3777: 3774: 3773: 3769:Hindu culture 3767: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3753: 3752: 3748: 3744: 3743: 3740: 3735: 3734: 3727: 3724: 3722: 3721:Organisations 3719: 3717: 3714: 3712: 3709: 3705: 3702: 3701: 3700: 3697: 3696: 3690: 3689: 3686: 3683: 3682: 3679: 3676: 3675: 3672: 3669: 3668: 3665: 3663: 3659: 3658: 3655: 3652: 3650: 3647: 3645: 3642: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3633: 3630: 3629: 3625: 3621: 3620: 3614: 3613: 3606: 3605: 3601: 3599: 3598: 3594: 3592: 3591: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3580: 3578: 3577: 3573: 3571: 3570: 3566: 3564: 3563: 3559: 3557: 3556: 3552: 3550: 3549: 3545: 3543: 3542: 3538: 3536: 3535: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3524: 3522: 3521: 3517: 3515: 3514: 3510: 3509: 3505: 3501: 3500: 3497: 3496: 3492: 3490: 3489: 3485: 3483: 3482: 3478: 3477: 3473: 3469: 3465: 3464: 3461: 3460: 3456: 3454: 3453: 3449: 3447: 3446: 3445:Yoga Vasistha 3442: 3440: 3439: 3435: 3433: 3432: 3428: 3426: 3425: 3421: 3419: 3418: 3414: 3412: 3411: 3410:Natya Shastra 3407: 3405: 3404: 3400: 3398: 3397: 3393: 3391: 3390: 3386: 3384: 3383: 3379: 3377: 3376: 3372: 3370: 3369: 3365: 3363: 3362: 3358: 3356: 3355: 3351: 3349: 3348: 3347:Brahma Sutras 3344: 3342: 3341: 3337: 3335: 3334: 3330: 3328: 3327: 3323: 3321: 3320: 3316: 3315: 3311: 3307: 3303: 3299: 3298: 3295: 3294: 3293:Sthapatyaveda 3290: 3288: 3287: 3286:Gandharvaveda 3283: 3281: 3280: 3276: 3274: 3273: 3269: 3268: 3264: 3260: 3259: 3256: 3255: 3251: 3249: 3248: 3247:Varaha Purana 3244: 3242: 3241: 3240:Skanda Purana 3237: 3235: 3234: 3230: 3228: 3227: 3223: 3221: 3220: 3216: 3214: 3213: 3209: 3207: 3206: 3202: 3200: 3199: 3195: 3193: 3192: 3188: 3186: 3185: 3181: 3179: 3178: 3177:Brahma Purana 3174: 3172: 3171: 3170:Garuda Purana 3167: 3165: 3164: 3163:Matsya Purana 3160: 3158: 3157: 3156:Vāmana Purana 3153: 3151: 3150: 3146: 3144: 3143: 3139: 3137: 3136: 3132: 3130: 3129: 3128:Vishnu Purana 3125: 3124: 3120: 3115: 3111: 3110: 3107: 3106: 3102: 3100: 3099: 3095: 3094: 3090: 3086: 3085: 3082: 3080: 3076: 3074: 3073: 3072:Bhagavad Gita 3069: 3068: 3064: 3060: 3059: 3056: 3053: 3051: 3048: 3046: 3043: 3041: 3038: 3036: 3033: 3031: 3028: 3027: 3023: 3019: 3018: 3015: 3014: 3010: 3008: 3007: 3003: 3001: 3000: 2996: 2995: 2992: 2989: 2988: 2985: 2984: 2980: 2978: 2977: 2973: 2972: 2969: 2966: 2965: 2962: 2961: 2957: 2955: 2954: 2950: 2948: 2947: 2943: 2941: 2940: 2936: 2934: 2933: 2929: 2927: 2926: 2922: 2921: 2918: 2915: 2914: 2911: 2910: 2906: 2904: 2903: 2899: 2898: 2895: 2892: 2891: 2887: 2883: 2882: 2879: 2876: 2874: 2871: 2869: 2866: 2864: 2861: 2860: 2857: 2854: 2853: 2850: 2849: 2845: 2843: 2842: 2838: 2836: 2835: 2831: 2829: 2828: 2824: 2823: 2819: 2815: 2814: 2811: 2808: 2807: 2803: 2799: 2798: 2795: 2792: 2790: 2787: 2785: 2782: 2780: 2777: 2776: 2772: 2768: 2767: 2764: 2759: 2758: 2751: 2748: 2746: 2743: 2741: 2738: 2736: 2733: 2731: 2728: 2726: 2723: 2721: 2718: 2716: 2713: 2711: 2708: 2706: 2703: 2701: 2698: 2696: 2693: 2691: 2688: 2686: 2683: 2681: 2678: 2676: 2673: 2671: 2668: 2666: 2663: 2661: 2658: 2656: 2655:Radhakrishnan 2653: 2651: 2648: 2646: 2643: 2641: 2638: 2636: 2635:Narayana Guru 2633: 2631: 2628: 2626: 2623: 2621: 2618: 2616: 2615:Jaggi Vasudev 2613: 2611: 2608: 2606: 2605:Chinmayananda 2603: 2601: 2598: 2596: 2593: 2591: 2588: 2586: 2583: 2582: 2576: 2575: 2572: 2569: 2567: 2564: 2562: 2559: 2557: 2554: 2552: 2549: 2547: 2544: 2542: 2539: 2537: 2534: 2532: 2529: 2527: 2524: 2522: 2519: 2517: 2514: 2512: 2509: 2507: 2504: 2502: 2499: 2497: 2494: 2492: 2489: 2487: 2484: 2482: 2479: 2477: 2474: 2472: 2469: 2467: 2466:Ramprasad Sen 2464: 2462: 2459: 2457: 2454: 2452: 2449: 2447: 2444: 2442: 2439: 2437: 2434: 2432: 2429: 2427: 2424: 2422: 2419: 2417: 2414: 2412: 2409: 2407: 2404: 2402: 2399: 2397: 2394: 2392: 2389: 2387: 2384: 2382: 2379: 2377: 2374: 2372: 2369: 2367: 2364: 2362: 2359: 2357: 2354: 2352: 2349: 2347: 2344: 2342: 2339: 2337: 2334: 2332: 2329: 2327: 2324: 2322: 2319: 2317: 2316:Gorakshanatha 2314: 2312: 2309: 2307: 2304: 2302: 2299: 2297: 2294: 2292: 2289: 2287: 2284: 2282: 2279: 2277: 2274: 2272: 2269: 2267: 2264: 2262: 2259: 2257: 2256:Allama Prabhu 2254: 2252: 2251:Akka Mahadevi 2249: 2247: 2244: 2242: 2241:Abhinavagupta 2239: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2229: 2226: 2223: 2221: 2218: 2216: 2213: 2211: 2208: 2206: 2203: 2201: 2198: 2196: 2193: 2191: 2190:Prashastapada 2188: 2186: 2183: 2181: 2178: 2176: 2173: 2171: 2168: 2166: 2163: 2161: 2158: 2156: 2153: 2151: 2148: 2146: 2143: 2141: 2138: 2136: 2133: 2131: 2128: 2126: 2123: 2121: 2118: 2117: 2113: 2109: 2108: 2105: 2100: 2099: 2092: 2089: 2085: 2082: 2081: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2070: 2068: 2065: 2063: 2060: 2059: 2058: 2055: 2054: 2050:Other schools 2048: 2047: 2042: 2041: 2037: 2035: 2034: 2030: 2028: 2027: 2026:Shuddhadvaita 2023: 2021: 2020: 2016: 2014: 2013: 2009: 2007: 2006: 2002: 2000: 1999: 1995: 1994: 1993: 1990: 1988: 1985: 1983: 1980: 1978: 1975: 1973: 1970: 1968: 1965: 1964: 1960: 1956: 1955: 1952: 1947: 1946: 1939: 1936: 1932: 1929: 1927: 1924: 1922: 1919: 1918: 1917: 1914: 1912: 1909: 1907: 1904: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1892: 1889: 1887: 1884: 1882: 1879: 1877: 1874: 1872: 1869: 1867: 1864: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1850: 1847: 1846: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1835: 1832: 1830: 1827: 1826: 1822: 1818: 1817: 1814: 1811: 1809: 1806: 1804: 1801: 1799: 1796: 1794: 1791: 1789: 1786: 1784: 1781: 1779: 1776: 1774: 1771: 1769: 1766: 1764: 1761: 1759: 1756: 1754: 1751: 1749: 1746: 1744: 1741: 1739: 1736: 1734: 1731: 1730: 1726: 1722: 1721: 1718: 1715: 1713: 1710: 1708: 1707:Kalaripayattu 1705: 1703: 1700: 1698: 1695: 1693: 1690: 1688: 1685: 1683: 1680: 1678: 1675: 1673: 1670: 1668: 1665: 1663: 1660: 1658: 1655: 1653: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1642:Bharatanatyam 1640: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1630: 1627: 1624: 1622: 1619: 1617: 1614: 1612: 1609: 1607: 1604: 1602: 1599: 1597: 1594: 1592: 1589: 1587: 1584: 1582: 1579: 1577: 1574: 1573: 1569: 1565: 1564: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1536: 1535: 1532: 1529: 1527: 1524: 1522: 1521:Nritta-Nritya 1519: 1517: 1514: 1512: 1509: 1507: 1504: 1502: 1499: 1497: 1494: 1492: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1482: 1479: 1477: 1474: 1472: 1469: 1467: 1464: 1462: 1459: 1457: 1454: 1452: 1449: 1447: 1444: 1442: 1439: 1437: 1434: 1432: 1429: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1418: 1414: 1413: 1407: 1406: 1399: 1396: 1394: 1391: 1389: 1386: 1384: 1381: 1379: 1376: 1374: 1371: 1370: 1366: 1362: 1361: 1358: 1355: 1353: 1350: 1348: 1345: 1343: 1340: 1338: 1335: 1333: 1330: 1328: 1325: 1323: 1320: 1318: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1308: 1305: 1303: 1300: 1298: 1295: 1293: 1290: 1288: 1285: 1283: 1280: 1278: 1275: 1273: 1270: 1268: 1265: 1264: 1258: 1257: 1254: 1251: 1249: 1246: 1244: 1241: 1239: 1236: 1234: 1231: 1229: 1226: 1224: 1221: 1219: 1216: 1214: 1211: 1209: 1206: 1204: 1201: 1199: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1188: 1185: 1183: 1180: 1178: 1175: 1174: 1168: 1167: 1164: 1161: 1159: 1156: 1154: 1151: 1149: 1146: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1129: 1126: 1123: 1121: 1118: 1116: 1113: 1112: 1108: 1104: 1103: 1100: 1097: 1095: 1092: 1090: 1087: 1085: 1082: 1081: 1077: 1073: 1072: 1069: 1066: 1064: 1061: 1059: 1056: 1054: 1051: 1050: 1046: 1042: 1041: 1038: 1035: 1033: 1030: 1028: 1025: 1024: 1018: 1017: 1014: 1011: 1009: 1006: 1002: 999: 997: 994: 993: 992: 989: 988: 984: 980: 979: 976: 973: 971: 968: 966: 963: 961: 958: 956: 953: 952: 946: 945: 942: 939: 937: 934: 933: 927: 926: 923: 918: 917: 910: 907: 905: 902: 900: 897: 895: 892: 890: 887: 885: 882: 880: 877: 875: 872: 870: 867: 865: 862: 860: 857: 855: 852: 850: 847: 846: 843: 840: 839: 836: 833: 831: 828: 826: 823: 821: 818: 816: 813: 811: 808: 806: 803: 801: 798: 796: 793: 791: 788: 786: 783: 782: 779: 777: 773: 772: 768: 764: 759: 758: 755: 752: 750: 747: 745: 742: 741: 737: 733: 732: 729: 726: 724: 721: 719: 716: 715: 711: 707: 706: 703: 698: 697: 689: 688: 683: 682: 679: 676: 674: 671: 669: 666: 664: 661: 660: 654: 653: 650: 645: 644: 637: 634: 632: 629: 627: 624: 623: 622: 621: 615: 612: 610: 607: 605: 602: 600: 597: 595: 592: 590: 587: 581: 578: 577: 575: 567: 566: 561: 558: 556: 553: 552: 551: 550: 546: 542: 541: 538: 535: 534: 530: 526: 525: 518: 514: 510: 506: 504: 500: 495: 490: 480: 478: 474: 469: 458: 456: 452: 447: 442: 432: 430: 426: 421: 416: 406: 404: 400: 395: 390: 380: 378: 374: 367: 360: 356: 351: 340: 338: 334: 329: 318: 316: 312: 307: 296: 294: 290: 285: 274: 272: 268: 263: 252: 250: 246: 241: 230: 228: 224: 219: 208: 206: 202: 197: 186: 184: 180: 175: 164: 162: 158: 153: 142: 140: 136: 131: 120: 118: 114: 109: 98: 96: 92: 87: 76: 74: 70: 65: 60: 50: 48: 44: 40: 36: 29: 26: 22: 15611:Mesoamerican 15443:Three Worlds 15316:Animal world 15301:Desire Realm 15043:Spirit world 14957:Pearly gates 14908:Third Heaven 14890:Christianity 14751:Architecture 14354:Brahmacharya 14296:Samavartanam 14261:Annaprashana 14127: 14030: 13831: 13785:Dharmaśāstra 13775:Arthashastra 13610:Maitrayaniya 13442: 13435: 13428: 13350:Brahmacharya 13320: 13100:Iccha-mrityu 13065:Satkaryavada 12965:Nididhyasana 12959: 12950:Matsya Nyaya 12684:Madhvacharya 12514:Adi Shankara 12507:Philosophers 12490: 12483: 12466: 12447: 12440: 12431:Shiva Sutras 12421:Sangam texts 12413: 12406: 12397:Nyāya Sūtras 12377: 12370: 12353: 12343:Brahma Sutra 12342: 12334: 12327: 12322:Arthashastra 12320: 12313: 12255:Pratyabhijna 12135:Anekantavada 12020: 11809:Pitru Paksha 11714: 11653: 11631: 11614: 11595: 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12990:Paramananda 12790:Apauruṣheyā 12785:Anupalabdhi 12644:Vivekananda 12609:Dharmakirti 12569:Buddhaghosa 12559:Yājñavalkya 12366:Jain Agamas 12361:Hindu texts 12240:Navya-Nyāya 12176:Svatantrika 12171:Sautrāntika 12060:Vaisheshika 11785:Rasam Pagri 11482:Uttarakhand 11435:, Routledge 11370:or run the 11339:Works cited 10976:Harvey 2013 10802:Harvey 2013 10790:Rahula 2007 10754:Harvey 2016 10575:, pp 53–79; 10189:, pp 93–140 9466:, Chapter 4 9424:, pp 33–34; 9367:pp. 113–161 9130:, page 63; 9110:, page 64, 9088:0-415215277 8789:, pp 83–100 8457:, pp 11–21; 8330:Sharma 2000 8293:17 February 8080:Naam Simran 7834:Hazur Sahib 7829:Patna Sahib 7726:Anand Karaj 7685:The Five Ks 7605:Vand Chakkō 7565:Balvand Rai 7555:Baba Sundar 7535:Bhatt Kirat 7530:Bhatt Jalap 7515:Bhatt Bhika 7510:Bhatt Bhalh 7480:Bhagat Pipa 7470:Bhagat Sain 7445:Bhagat Beni 7271:Siddhashila 7262:moksha marg 7186:Paul Dundas 7053:Topics list 6978:Pilgrimages 6929:Valayapathi 6828:Major sects 6815:Yashovijaya 6619:Brahmacarya 6327:New Zealand 6182:Bodhisattva 6167:Four Stages 6122:Monasticism 6102:Mindfulness 6072:Perfections 6002:Early Texts 5692:videhamukti 5638:Bhakti Yoga 5416:begins the 5414:Madhavadeva 5400:denies the 5374:Bhakti Yoga 5336:Bhakti yoga 5243:, suggests 5170:Brahmajnana 5166:Brahmabhava 5144:Keval jnana 5033:, nirvana ( 4894:, suggests 4661:, the word 4585:Vaishnavism 4562:theocentric 4373:Vaishnavism 4342:videhamukti 4250:jivan-mukti 4147:videhamukti 3822:and Judaism 3818:and Sikhism 3786:Iconography 3711:Nationalism 3704:Persecution 3488:Shiva Stuti 3382:Yoga Sutras 3212:Agni Purana 3114:Other texts 3105:Mahabharata 2848:Atharvaveda 2745:Vivekananda 2670:Rama Tirtha 2665:Ramakrishna 2640:Nigamananda 2630:Mahesh Yogi 2506:Sripadaraja 2496:Siddheshwar 2391:Mukundarāja 2371:Madhusūdana 2361:Kanaka Dasa 2281:Chakradhara 2225:Yajnavalkya 2215:Vishvamitra 2084:Pancharatra 1982:Vaisheshika 1938:Ratha Yatra 1886:Janmashtami 1881:Rama Navami 1798:Ritushuddhi 1773:Chudakarana 1763:Nishkramana 1733:Garbhadhana 1702:Pandav Lila 1611:Bhakti yoga 1496:Prāyaścitta 1267:Niti śastra 1115:Bhakti yoga 1094:Vānaprastha 909:Vishvakarma 842:Post-Vedic: 678:Vaishnavism 620:Traditional 15824:Categories 15804:Utopianism 15799:Underworld 15789:Otherworld 15709:Summerland 15624:Tamoanchan 15565:Hamistagan 15478:Sach Khand 15425:Akshardham 15343:Form Realm 15225:Myth of Er 15119:Tech Duinn 15109:Tír na nÓg 15099:Otherworld 14501:Kumbh Mela 14469:Gudi Padwa 14414:Durga Puja 14399:Shivaratri 14271:Karnavedha 14251:Namakarana 14213:Tirthatana 13980:Dattatreya 13817:Subhashita 13790:Manusmriti 13667:Dhanurveda 13600:Taittiriya 13585:Kaushitaki 13572:Upanishads 13345:Aparigraha 13247:Philosophy 13095:Svātantrya 12985:Paramatman 12940:Kshetrajna 12915:Ishvaratva 12855:Cittabhumi 12850:Chidabhasa 12800:Asiddhatva 12720:Abhasavada 12694:Guru Nanak 12629:Vasubandhu 12455:Upanishads 12449:Tirukkuṟaḷ 12408:Panchadasi 12213:Bhedabheda 12161:Madhyamaka 12001:Monotheism 11915:Philosophy 11903:Sampradaya 11641:1594775176 11260:Cort 2001a 11248:Jaini 1998 11233:Jaini 1998 11209:Cort 2001a 11073:Jaini 1980 11061:Jaini 1980 11049:Jaini 1980 10997:0521365058 10766:Spiro 1982 10632:Gombrich, 10335:3 November 10233:Sarma 1966 10144:, pp 45–60 10115:, pp 74–82 9720:Yoga Sutra 9487:, pp 74–82 9180:, pp 63–84 8891:reference. 8612:, pp 50–52 8570:, pp 74–83 8468:, pp. 1–29 8386:(moksha)." 8136:footnoting 8104:References 7886:Literature 7871:Panj Pyare 7814:Akal Takht 7775:Five Banis 7716:Naam Karan 7675:Amrit Velā 7596:Kirat Karō 7579:Philosophy 7560:Satta Doom 7550:Bhatt Salh 7545:Bhatt Nalh 7505:Bhatt Balh 7373:Guru Arjan 7358:Guru Angad 7353:Guru Nanak 7345:Sikh gurus 7258:samyak tap 7227:Śvētāmbara 6965:Samvatsari 6960:Paryushana 6843:Śvetāmbara 6810:Haribhadra 6800:Siddhasena 6795:Kundakunda 6703:Sallekhana 6629:Gunasthana 6624:Aparigraha 6566:Philosophy 6200:Traditions 6137:Pilgrimage 6077:Meditation 6037:Post-canon 6017:Pāli Canon 5947:Middle Way 5844:The Buddha 5688:jivanmukti 5684:jivanmukti 5679:jivanmukta 5674:jivanmukti 5598:Jnana Yoga 5585:Paramatman 5521:temperance 5459:mumuksutva 5378:Karma Yoga 5370:Jñāna Yoga 5348:Rāja marga 5324:Jñāna yoga 5162:Paramapada 5158:Nihsreyasa 5085:Yoga Sutra 5029:The words 4982:suggests: 4942:adhiyajnam 4938:adhibhutam 4762:Upanishads 4631:Max Müller 4338:jivanmukti 4142:karmamukti 4138:jivanmukti 4053:nihsreyasa 4020:Puruṣārtha 3662:Varna-less 3534:Tiruppukal 3495:Vayu Stuti 3459:Panchadasi 3452:Swara yoga 3340:Kama Sutra 3279:Dhanurveda 2939:Taittiriya 2917:Yajurveda: 2909:Kaushitaki 2886:Upanishads 2878:Upanishads 2802:Scriptures 2650:Prabhupada 2566:Vidyaranya 2451:Ram Charan 2426:Prabhākara 2341:Jayatīrtha 2291:Dadu Dayal 2286:Chāngadeva 2145:Bharadwaja 2135:Ashtavakra 1901:Kumbh Mela 1849:Durga Puja 1778:Karnavedha 1758:Nāmakaraṇa 1687:Yakshagana 1616:Karma yoga 1606:Jnana yoga 1601:Hatha yoga 1538:Meditation 1511:Tirthadana 1292:Aparigraha 1148:Paramātman 1133:Liberation 1125:Karma yoga 1120:Jnana yoga 849:Dattatreya 649:Traditions 574:Historical 509:giải thoát 503:Vietnamese 15860:Salvation 15701:Theosophy 15458:Adho Loka 15410:Vaikuntha 15370:Sukhavati 15365:Pure land 15311:Pretaloka 15284:religions 15162:Fólkvangr 15053:Mandaeism 15020:Mormonism 14947:Purgatory 14853:religions 14851:Abrahamic 14844:locations 14842:Afterlife 14724:Theosophy 14655:Mythology 14635:Criticism 14603:Etymology 14561:Svādhyāya 14460:New Year 14409:Navaratri 14381:Festivals 14359:Grihastha 14332:Kshatriya 14306:Antyeshti 14281:Upanayana 14246:Jatakarma 14236:Pumsavana 14223:Sanskaras 14188:Naivedhya 14142:Practices 14087:Mahavidya 14055:Saraswati 14042:Goddesses 14000:Kartikeya 13897:Athichudi 13852:Tirumurai 13705:Vyākaraṇa 13672:Natyaveda 13620:Chandogya 13545:Divisions 13526:Yajurveda 12955:Mithyatva 12845:Chaitanya 12840:Catuṣkoṭi 12805:Asatkalpa 12780:Anavastha 12755:Aishvarya 12674:Sakayanya 12669:Sadananda 12634:Gaudapada 12619:Nagarjuna 12574:Patañjali 12390:Principal 12372:Kamasutra 12166:Yogachara 12085:Raseśvara 11908:Parampara 11867:Vaitarani 11771:rituals: 11742:Shmashana 11536:, Delhi: 11296:, page 17 11272:Jain 1992 11221:Fohr 2015 11194:Jain 2011 11145:The Jains 11025:The Jains 10370:3 January 9359:, Vol 5, 9235:, Vol 1, 9214:, Vol 1, 9193:, Vol 1, 9151:, Vol 1, 8262:Citations 8243:asamskrta 7906:Criticism 7745:Scripture 7647:Practices 7588:Naam Japo 7223:Digambara 7038:Jain flag 7028:Ekendriya 7003:Shikharji 6943:Festivals 6838:Digambara 6790:Ganadhara 6579:Cosmology 6347:Sri Lanka 6337:Singapore 6292:Indonesia 6232:Vajrayāna 6207:Theravāda 6162:Awakening 6050:Practices 6007:Tripiṭaka 5977:Cosmology 5952:Emptiness 5932:Suffering 5629:Adishakti 5617:Vaishnava 5542:samadhana 5382:Rāja Yoga 5364:Yoga, or 5197:Svadharma 5067:Patanjali 4946:adhyatmam 4934:adhilokam 4740:Sarasvati 4566:salvation 4515:vyavahara 4475:Nagarjuna 4221:suffering 4083:Etymology 3985:. In its 3836:Criticism 3830:and Islam 3791:Mythology 3644:Kshatriya 3576:Athichudi 3513:Tirumurai 3431:Tirumurai 3040:Vyākaraṇa 2976:Chandogya 2968:Samaveda: 2856:Divisions 2834:Yajurveda 2794:Ātmatuṣṭi 2750:Yogananda 2725:Trailanga 2720:Sivananda 2585:Aurobindo 2571:Vyasaraja 2536:Tyagaraja 2486:Sankardev 2456:Ramananda 2351:Jñāneśvar 2326:Harivansh 2311:Gaudapada 2271:Chaitanya 2210:Vashistha 2180:Patanjali 2160:Jamadagni 2079:Vaishnava 2067:Pashupata 1844:Navaratri 1821:Festivals 1788:Upanayana 1753:Jatakarma 1738:Pumsavana 1657:Kuchipudi 1652:Kathakali 1621:Rāja yoga 1555:Samādhāna 1436:Prarthana 1410:Practices 1337:Svādhyāya 941:Mythology 936:Cosmology 929:Worldview 874:Kartikeya 805:Prajapati 744:Saraswati 183:Malayalam 15714:Devachan 15634:Tlālōcān 15575:Tengrism 15534:Japanese 15395:Ādi Śeṣa 15382:Hinduism 15293:Buddhism 15235:Tartarus 15230:Empyrean 15167:Valhalla 15149:Germanic 15114:Mag Mell 15080:European 14995:Jahannam 14985:As-Sirāt 14942:Paradise 14875:Gehinnom 14870:Gan Eden 14780:Category 14731:Glossary 14699:Buddhism 14665:Hindutva 14625:Calendar 14506:Haridwar 14484:Vaisakhi 14479:Puthandu 14369:Sannyasa 14286:Keshanta 14117:Shashthi 13953:Trimurti 13780:Nitisara 13753:Ramayana 13748:Itihasas 13720:Jyotisha 13662:Ayurveda 13654:Upavedas 13635:Mandukya 13580:Aitareya 13562:Aranyaka 13557:Brahmana 13531:Samaveda 13456:Charvaka 13256:Concepts 13237:Timeline 13229:Glossary 13212:Hinduism 13120:Tanmatra 13115:Tajjalan 13105:Syādvāda 13005:Pradhana 12980:Padārtha 12945:Lakshana 12890:Ekagrata 12735:Adrishta 12730:Adarsana 12708:Concepts 12689:Mahavira 12654:Ramanuja 12604:Chanakya 12539:Avatsara 12534:Valluvar 12474:Vedangas 12288:Gandhism 12191:Medieval 12140:Syādvāda 12125:Charvaka 12097:Pāṇiniya 11991:Idealism 11886:See also 11862:Samskara 11794:Terahvin 11769:Antyesti 11736:Antyesti 11701:Hinduism 10407:20 March 10018:, pp 342 9982:, pp 117 9285:, pp 543 8657:(2012), 8503:Archived 8499:vimoksha 8489:Vimoksha 8315:, p. 650 8281:vimoksha 8180:Sanskrit 8132:citation 8092:See also 8068:— 8015:Gurmukhi 7866:Waheguru 7856:Ik Onkar 7804:Gurdwara 7712:(Turban) 7333:Glossary 7287:a series 7285:Part of 7150:Sramanic 6993:Palitana 6778:Mahavira 6768:Rishabha 6698:Sāmāyika 6549:Timeline 6513:a series 6511:Part of 6497:non-Self 6468:becoming 6437:Buddhism 6357:Thailand 6317:Mongolia 6312:Malaysia 6277:Cambodia 6242:Navayana 6222:Hinayana 6217:Mahāyāna 6127:Lay life 5957:Morality 5937:Not-self 5895:Concepts 5854:Councils 5839:Timeline 5811:Glossary 5793:Buddhism 5785:a series 5783:Part of 5776:Buddhism 5725:matters; 5653:Ramanuja 5566:anubhava 5418:Namghoxa 5308:kaivalya 5300:vairāgya 5256:kaivalya 5154:Apavarga 5149:kaivalya 5134:Hinduism 5082:— 5046:; while 5044:not self 5039:kaivalya 5025:Synonyms 4998:— 4970:. Yogic 4869:Kumarila 4800:— 4758:kaivalya 4550:Gnostics 4546:Plotinus 4451:viaticum 4236:kaivalya 4195:— 4158:saṃsāra. 4077:Hinduism 4045:apavarga 4040:kaivalya 4031:vimoksha 3951:Buddhism 3947:Hinduism 3930:vimoksha 3913:Sanskrit 3849:Glossary 3781:Calendar 3716:Hindutva 3639:Brahmana 3310:samhitas 3302:Shastras 3272:Ayurveda 3263:Upavedas 3098:Ramayana 3089:Itihasas 3055:Jyotisha 3022:Vedangas 3006:Mandukya 2902:Aitareya 2894:Rigveda: 2873:Aranyaka 2868:Brahmana 2841:Samaveda 2556:Valluvar 2551:Vallabha 2531:Tulsidas 2461:Ramanuja 2411:Nayanars 2396:Namadeva 2233:Medieval 2175:Kashyapa 2091:Charvaka 2062:Kapalika 1926:Puthandu 1916:Vaisakhi 1813:Antyesti 1793:Keshanta 1717:Adimurai 1712:Silambam 1677:Sattriya 1662:Manipuri 1347:Mitahara 1327:Santosha 1287:Achourya 1099:Sannyasa 1089:Gṛhastha 948:Ontology 922:Concepts 710:Trimurti 673:Smartism 668:Shaktism 663:Shaivism 537:Hinduism 529:a series 527:Part of 403:Japanese 337:Gujarati 328:mokshamu 306:vīdupēru 299:வீடுபேறு 139:Javanese 73:Assamese 47:Sanskrit 15719:Nirvana 15639:Xibalba 15619:Mictlān 15506:Chinese 15470:Sikhism 15435:Jainism 15415:Kailash 15360:Nirvana 15205:Elysium 15139:Tuonela 15005:Malakut 14990:Barzakh 14862:Judaism 14769:Outline 14719:Sikhism 14714:Judaism 14709:Jainism 14590:Related 14566:Namaste 14419:Ramlila 14349:Ashrama 14337:Vaishya 14327:Brahmin 14150:Worship 14102:Rukmini 14092:Matrika 14065:Parvati 14060:Lakshmi 14050:Tridevi 14005:Krishna 13990:Hanuman 13985:Ganesha 13936:Deities 13822:Tantras 13812:Stotras 13765:Puranas 13710:Nirukta 13700:Chandas 13695:Shiksha 13687:Vedanga 13640:Prashna 13630:Mundaka 13552:Samhita 13521:Rigveda 13452:Nāstika 13437:Advaita 13424:Vedanta 13419:Mīmāṃsā 13399:Samkhya 13387:Schools 13375:Akrodha 13294:Saṃsāra 13274:Ishvara 13264:Brahman 13165:More... 13135:Upekkhā 13130:Uparati 13110:Taijasa 13085:Śūnyatā 13055:Saṃsāra 13050:Samadhi 13015:Prakṛti 12970:Nirvāṇa 12920:Jivatva 12910:Ikshana 12865:Devatas 12835:Bhumika 12825:Brahman 12815:Avyakta 12760:Akrodha 12740:Advaita 12699:More... 12594:Jaimini 12498:More... 12208:Advaita 12198:Vedanta 12156:Śūnyatā 12115:Ājīvika 12107:Nāstika 12075:Vedanta 12070:Mīmāṃsā 12050:Samkhya 12030:Ancient 11986:Atomism 11981:Atheism 11893:History 11824:Samadhi 11814:Śrāddha 11780:Tarpana 11729:Rituals 9454:(ed.), 9439:, pp 15 8990:297–345 8481:gedatsu 8239:nirodha 8098:Henosis 8042:Siddhas 7680:Dasvand 7328:History 7323:Outline 7295:Sikhism 7278:Sikhism 7250:tattvas 7210:Ājīvika 7205:Abhavya 7201:Abhavya 7193:Abhavya 7175:saṃsāra 7135:Kevalin 7131:Kevalya 7127:nirvana 7119:Jainism 7033:Temples 6784:Arihant 6634:Saṃsāra 6544:History 6521:Jainism 6504:Jainism 6491:nirvana 6441:vimutti 6427:Nirvana 6367:Vietnam 6322:Myanmar 6237:Tibetan 6227:Chinese 6155:Nirvāṇa 5972:Saṃsāra 5967:Rebirth 5832:History 5821:Outline 5766:samsara 5754:brahman 5750:tattvas 5662:Ishvara 5594:samsara 5579:Brahman 5550:Advaita 5537:sraddha 5533:titiksa 5529:uparati 5523:). 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4442:dharma 4424:moksha 4413:moksha 4409:Dharma 4405:moksha 4401:dharma 4397:dharma 4393:Moksha 4389:dharma 4385:moksha 4383:, see 4354:avidya 4346:Moksha 4330:Moksha 4322:Moksha 4316:moksha 4312:moksha 4296:Moksha 4288:moksha 4246:moksha 4225:moksha 4208:Moksha 4180:, as: 4178:moksha 4174:moksha 4154:Moksha 4128:Moksha 4124:Moksha 4120:moksha 4088:Moksha 4073:moksha 4061:moksha 4055:, and 4027:moksha 4003:dharma 3998:moksha 3991:moksha 3957:, and 3939:, and 3908:Moksha 3654:Shudra 3472:stutis 3308:, and 3306:sutras 2960:Maitri 2685:Ramdas 2578:Modern 2511:Surdas 2376:Madhva 2296:Eknath 2266:Basava 2261:Alvars 2195:Raikva 2185:Pāṇini 2170:Kapila 2165:Kanada 2150:Gotama 2057:Shaiva 2005:Dvaita 1906:Pongal 1829:Diwali 1808:Vivaha 1672:Odissi 1647:Kathak 1586:Yogini 1550:Dhyana 1501:Tirtha 1456:Bhakti 1446:Temple 1441:Śrauta 1322:Arjava 1282:Ahimsa 1277:Niyama 1260:Ethics 1068:Moksha 1053:Dharma 1001:Saguna 899:Shakti 884:Kubera 830:Varuna 810:Pushan 723:Vishnu 718:Brahma 555:Hindus 468:moksha 446:haetal 429:Korean 415:Rōmaji 394:jiětuō 389:Pinyin 371:Moksha 315:Telugu 227:Nepali 196:mōkṣaṁ 189:മോക്ഷം 145:ꦩꦺꦴꦏ꧀ꦱ 108:mokkho 86:mokkho 33:Moksha 15683:Wicca 15588:Tamağ 15583:Uçmag 15524:Youdu 15326:Asura 15268:Vyraj 15215:Orcus 15200:Hades 15192:Greek 15177:Gimlé 15104:Annwn 14972:Islam 14962:Hades 14925:Limbo 14880:Sheol 14704:Islam 14682:India 14571:Bindi 14554:Other 14494:Ugadi 14489:Vishu 14322:Varna 14203:Tapas 14193:Yajna 14163:Murti 14097:Radha 14077:Durga 14072:Bhumi 14015:Surya 13995:Indra 13968:Shiva 13730:Other 13715:Kalpa 13605:Katha 13509:Vedas 13494:Śruti 13479:Texts 13409:Nyaya 13365:Damah 13355:Satya 13311:Artha 13289:Karma 13279:Atman 13233:Index 13155:Yamas 13150:Viraj 13125:Tyāga 13060:Satya 12960:Mokṣa 12930:Karma 12885:Dhrti 12810:Ātman 12795:Artha 12599:Vyasa 12479:Vedas 12460:Minor 12307:Texts 12055:Nyaya 12046:Hindu 12016:Artha 11996:Logic 11920:Texts 11847:Karma 11842:Bhuta 11767:Post- 11761:Pinda 11697:Death 11360:ISBNs 11003:p.297 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2220:Vyasa 2130:Aruni 1977:Nyaya 1931:Vishu 1911:Ugadi 1591:Asana 1576:Sadhu 1545:Tapas 1516:Matha 1506:Yatra 1491:Vrata 1476:Yajna 1451:Murti 1332:Tapas 1307:Damah 1302:Satya 1272:Yamas 1158:Karma 1058:Artha 975:Guṇas 889:Radha 854:Durga 825:Ushas 820:Surya 815:Rudra 800:Indra 776:Vedic 767:Devis 763:Devas 728:Shiva 494:moksa 483:โมกษะ 461:මෝක්ෂ 350:mōkṣa 343:મોક્ષ 293:Tamil 262:mokṣa 255:ମୋକ୍ଷ 240:moksh 233:मोक्ष 218:moksh 211:मोक्ष 174:mōkṣa 167:ಮೋಕ್ಷ 152:moksa 130:moksa 123:मोक्ष 117:Hindi 101:মোক্ষ 79:মোক্ষ 64:mokṣa 53:मोक्ष 15742:Duat 15737:Aaru 15667:Tupi 15542:Yomi 15519:Diyu 15514:Tian 15336:Yāma 15306:Hell 15258:Iriy 14980:Araf 14920:Hell 14746:List 14608:List 14535:Teej 14464:Bihu 14446:Onam 14394:Holi 14198:Homa 14178:Japa 14168:Puja 14128:more 14122:Sita 14107:Sati 14082:Kali 14031:more 14025:Vayu 14010:Rama 13975:Agni 13945:Gods 13625:Kena 13595:Isha 13404:Yoga 13370:Dayā 13360:Dāna 13330:Niti 13316:Kama 13284:Maya 13160:Yoga 12925:Kama 12905:Idam 12900:Hitā 12895:Guṇa 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